| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
1660 So. Amphlett Blvd. San Mateo, CA 94402 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 545-1478
Mrs. Tamitha Carpenter OSD 00-C01 |
| Title: | Natural Speech Dialogue Support for Distance Learning |
| Abstract: | We propose an innovative system design that will advance the state-of-the-art in computer application support for natural speech dialogue. This design ties together the best of the current research in speech recognition, natural language understanding, and dialogue modeling, together with an eclectic combination of supporting Artificial Intelligence techniques, into a complete end-to-end design. In our TALK (Training Application Language Kit) architecture, all components in the natural speech dialogue system will provide disambiguation and validation for the output of the others. In additon, all components will operate using a shared set of resources, including a representation of the current dialogue context, generic and domain-specific dictionaries, and dialogue models. Sharing these resources between the components of the TALK model not only ensures consistency in the interpretation and generation of natural speech dialogue, but also provides an unprecedented capability for training the system for new domains and integrating dialogue capability into a wide range of applications, such as instructional systems and automated customer support. Phase I research will demonstrate the feasibility of the TALK architecture, and will result in a detailed design, laying the groundwork for the implementation of a fully functional natural speech dialogue prototype in Phase II. The proposed natural speech dialogue system would be applicable to all training systems, both in the military and commercial sector. In addition, the same technology is equally applicable for the domain of customer support, which is a multi-billion dollar industry. |
| TEKNOWLEDGE CORP.
1810 Embarcadero Rd Palo Alto, CA 94303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 352-9300
Dr. Michelle Sams OSD 00-C01 |
| Title: | Automated Dialogue Modeling Using Natural Language Understanding in ADL, by the Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division (NAWCTSD) |
| Abstract: | The goal of the Dialog Agent Instructional System (DAIS) is to emulate one-on-one human tutorial interaction by providing individualized instruction and enabling more natural spoken dialog interactions. What we are talking about here is more than simple recognition of voice commands -- we will develop a simulated tutor to understand spoken input, reason and engage in realistic discourse. The technologies used in the system will include natural language understanding, intelligent tutoring, continuous speech recognition and speech synthesis. One of the ADL goals is to reach a two-sigma level of improvement in instructional effectiveness, as is found in one-on-one human tutorial interactions. DAIS hopes to achieve similar levels of instructional effectiveness. Anticipated benefits include reduced time to train and increased quality of performance due to the individualized tutorial dialog interactions provided by DAIS. The technologies in DAIS can also be used for on-the-job performance support systems and could enable dialog for simulated entities in virtual training environments. |
| CHI SYSTEMS, INC.
Gwynedd Office Park Lower Gwynedd, PA 19002 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 542-1400
Dr. Wayne W. Zachary OSD 00-C02 |
| Title: | Training Users' Cognitive Readiness for Combat Command Using an Intelligent Tutor to Model Expert Mentor Interactions by the US Army Research Institut |
| Abstract: | The Army Research Institute has developed a curriculum for command thinking skills, called Think Like a Commander (TLAC). Although it allows new commanders to learn expert-level principles of command thinking more rapidly than traditional training, TLAC is still instructor-centric and labor intensive. CHI Systems proposes to automate the delivery of the TLAC curriculum by building an Automated Tutoring Environment for Command, or ATEC. ATEC will consist of three main components: 1) CHI Systems innovative instructional agent technology with which to build an instructional agent that replicates the knowledge and role of the human TLAC tutor, 2) a desktop Army C2 simulation also under development at CHI Systems, which provides the interactive practice environment, and 3) a web-based personalized interface, which manages the interaction between agent and trainee. The Phase I seeks to define the architecture for ATEC, build and demonstrate a proof-of-concept prototype, and define a detailed development plan for a full-scale Phase II system. The commercial value of ATEC is derived from re-application of its technology, architecture and underlying directed practice model to other problems in the commercial sector, such as network management, call center operations, and (business) management. The ATEC development team includes a leading provider of commercial simulation-based training systems in these areas (Provant Corp), who will focus the commercial transition and distribution of ATEC through its existing client base and marketing channels. |
| KNOWLEDGE ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
4001 Discovery Drive Suite 390 Boulder, CO 80303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 545-9092
Dr. Darrell Laham OSD 00-C02 |
| Title: | Carnegie Hall: An Intelligent Interactive Tutor for command-reasoning practice based on Latent Semantic Analysis |
| Abstract: | The Army Research Institute (ARI) is testing a concept for teaching cognitive readiness skills of combat command reasoning. The basis is research showing that expert thinking skills are acquired only by very long and deliberate practice. ARI's computer application "Think Like a Commander", presents tactical scenarios to learners and requires them to reason, and make decisions. A live mentor asks questions and provides feedback. The utility of Think Like a Commander will be greatly expanded by a computationally based tutor that takes the place of the human mentor for some or all of the tutorial interactions. The proposer has developed a new form of intelligent tutoring agent that, like a human mentor, interacts with a student in unconstrained free-form prose about facts, concepts, ideas, arguments, plans and narratives. The tutor is automatically constructed from textbooks, training manuals, and the content of expert-student dialogue itself. It will be used both in an individual learner-tutor mode, and as an assistant mentor in a distributed group problem solving environment. This innovative technology is based on Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA). LSA is a well-validated machine-learning technique that simulates human understanding of language through mathematical analysis of a large body of domain relevant electronic sources. When perfected and operational, this intelligent agent will contribute to military cognitive readiness by providing greatly increased opportunities for deliberate practice of combat command reasoning skills. It could also act as group decision support in operational environments. In its first uses, it will be an interactive tutor/mentor/expert companion to scenario-based, virtual reality, and simulation training environments such as the Army/ARI "Th ink Like a Commander" system. In future adaptations, it would be used to give case-based practice and operational thinking support in diverse fields such as law, medicine, constructions, disaster relief, and business management. In educational applications it would offer opportunities for the enormous amounts of practice needed to acquire expert skill in any domain. A largely automatically developed computer based system, its benefits would be synergistic with those of ADL and the Internet. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
1660 So. Amphlett Blvd. San Mateo, CA 94402 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 655-7242
Mr. Richard Stottler OSD 00-C02 |
| Title: | An Intelligent Tutoring System for Teaching Battlefield Command Reasoning Skills |
| Abstract: | High performance tactical decision-making requires the commander to apply detailed and situation-specific knowledge, as well as high-level thinking habits and skills that are applicable across diverse tactical situations. These skills include modeling a thinking enemy, using all available assets, and considering how the commander's fight fits into the bigger picture from friendly and enemy perspectives. These reasoning skills cannot be taught simply as methods and procedures to be followed. Although guidelines can help commanders achieve baseline levels of performance, achieving an expert level of proficiency requires extensive practice, coaching, and feedback. SHAI proposes to develop the Battlefield Command Reasoning Intelligent Tutoring System (BCR ITS) to provide automated instruction that emulates the student-mentor interactions provided by courses such as Think Like a Commander offered at Ft. Leavenworth. SHAI plans to employ a case-based approach where subject matter experts enter good and bad solutions to each tactical scenario which are then matched against each learner's solutions to assess the student's reasoning skills. We have assembled an outstanding team to pursue this research, and we offer significant relevant experience developing scenario-based intelligent tuoring systems, principle-based instruction, rationale-capture systems, rationale capture and reasoning systems, and intelligent agents embedded within tutoring and simulation systems. Intelligent tutoring systems that enhance student's reasoning skills constitute a major advancement beyond simple computer-based training and web-based training that focus on teaching facts and procedures. Potential markets for products and services that employ this technology include the rapidly growing number of educational software and e-Learning web content providers, large end-user company, and consulting companies that offer e-Learning solutions to these companies. |
| TEKNOWLEDGE CORP.
1810 Embarcadero Rd Palo Alto, CA 94303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 352-9300
Dr. Michelle Sams OSD 00-C02 |
| Title: | Training Users' Cognitive Readiness for Combat Command Using an Intelligent Tutor to Model Expert Mentor Interactions by the US Army Research Institut |
| Abstract: | This project will apply intelligent tutoring technology to teach battlefield command reasoning through deliberate practice in key scenarios. The tutor will select appropriate exercises and scenarios and provide guidance and feedback tailored to the individual learner. The system will include a domain model, instructional strategies, case library, and tools to interpret the reasoning processes of the learner. The goal of this project is to improve military decision making and make the training cost-effective and available to a larger number of officers. The proposed tutoring system will provide repeatable, scenario based skill practice that should transfer well to physical training sites and real world operations. In addition, the individualized instruction provided by an intelligent tutoring system can reduce the time it takes to learn and increase the knowledge gained within that time frame. |
| BARRON ASSOC., INC.
1160 Pepsi Place Charlottesville, VA 22901 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(804) 973-1215
Dr. B. Eugene Parker, Jr. OSD 00-C03 |
| Title: | A Personal Health and Fitness Wizard |
| Abstract: | The health and fitness of U.S. service members is of considerable importance to the Department of Defense. The Internet affords an excellent opportunity to provide globally-dispersed service members with tailored guidance concerning their personal fitness for duty and deployment. Proposed herein is a Personal Health and Fitness Wizard (PHFW) website that will contain all of the functionality needed by U.S. service members and their families to evaluate and maintain optimum health and fitness. The Phase I effort will leverage the expertise of Barron Associates, Inc. and Testengine.com in the areas of decision theory and website design, coupled with the extensive health and fitness knowledge of the Atlantic Coast Athletic Club, to design an interactive health and fitness package. The PHFW will be a complex, adaptive expert system, fusing an individual's health status, performance parameters, and fitness goals with a database of educational and personal training information utilizing state-of-the-art decision analysis techniques to motivate and encourage users. As part of the Phase I effort, a research plan for validation of the educational and personal training value of the system will established. Problems with individual weight control and general physical fitness cost the DoD millions of dollars each year from the operations and health care O&M accounts. This cost should be significantly reduced if there is generally available a system that enables each individual service member the opportunity to manage their physical fitness for duty and/or to alter their personal habits to maintain optimum fitness. The proposed application will be designed and tailored for military use and will be readily extensible to the general public. The concept has enormous commercial potential, which the proposing Team is well-positioned to exploit. |
| INTERACTIVE TRAINING TECHNOLOGIES
401 E. 8th Street Sioux Falls, SD 57103 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(605) 335-7791
Dr. Scott Meyer OSD 00-C03 |
| Title: | Virtual Interactive Personal Health and Fitness Program |
| Abstract: | In Phase I, we will develop a computerized, interactive personal health and fitness training assistance program for military personnel. This program will be easily accessible for service members of all ranks at any military installation. It will be developed with creative, state-of-the-art software based on current health and fitness research and databases. The upgradable architecture of the software will conform with DoD ADL/SCORM specifications in content and linkages. Personal instruction and interaction will include the areas of exercise (cardiorespiratory, resistance, flexibility), health risk factors (heart, lung, stroke, cancer, diabetes), weight control (body mass index, diet, nutrition), stress management, smoking cessation, safety, and wellness. The program will be motivational and require continual input from the user for guidance in the development of long-term health and fitness benefits. The results of Phase I will include the development and demonstration of the feasibility and technical merit of the personal interactive health and fitness assistant program for DoD use. The obvious benefit to the military user of this program is improved fitness for duty and deployment. The program will be motivational and educational, and due to its state-of-the-art virtual interactive nature, will be easy and enjoyable to use while providing a challenge to the user at any level of fitness. We anticipate an increased awareness of personal health and fitness among military members that can carry over to civilian life following separation or retirement. The commercial applications of the program are unlimited in governemnt and private sectors. |
| SONETICOM, INC.
Suite 102 West Melbourne, FL 32904 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(321) 733-0400
Mr. Andrew Hess OSD 00-C03 |
| Title: | A Personal Health and Fitness Assistant by the US Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity (MRMC) |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this proposed system is to develop an internet-based system to provide individual service members with easily accessible, tailored guidance concerning their personal fitness for duty and deployment. The system will contain an attractive, balanced, imaginative package of instruction and interactive aids for maintaining personal fitness. The web site will be interactively based on user-entered information, and provide individual users with personal feedback and guidance. The content of the web site must include diet, weight control and exercise information. Other content areas may include body mass index, immunizations, self-administered diet supplements, cardiovascular risk and warning signs, injury avoidance, unhealthy habits, stress management, and sleep improvement. The web site will be designed to sustain long-term, independent usage by service members of all ranks. Privacy and security will be important design considerations in the development of the site. . Also, the site will conform to the DOD Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) Initiative's Sharable Courseware Reference Model (SCORM) specification. The system will be platform independent and fully compatible with DOD Internet and intranet systems. The Department of Defense spends millions of dollars each year as a result of problems resulting from individual weight control and general fitness issues. Creating a generally available Internet system that enables each individual service member to manage their physical fitness and to alter their personal habits to maintain optimum fitness should significantly reduce this cost. Soneticom plans to use the Personal Health and Fitness Assistant web site development to enter the arena of web-enabled enterprise health applications. Soneticom envisions the development of the web site content, technology, and user interfaces as a valuable foundation for the future development of similar systems that would deliver health and medical related services to end users. This vision includes Soneticom developing hardware devices and providing system integration of existing technologies to deliver complete enterprise level systems. |
| STAYHEALTHY.COM
222.E. Huntington Dr., Ste. 21 Monrovia, CA 91016 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 256-6152
Dr. Colin K. Hill OSD 00-C03 |
| Title: | A Personal Health and Fitness Assistant by the US Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity (MRMC) |
| Abstract: | Stayhealthy.com will research design and deliver in Phase I, consumables to address the following specific aims.1. To design the underlying architecture of an internet-based health management system that incorporates physiological monitoring, diet and nutrition, exercise management, weight control, accident prevention, and health education to help military personnel, their families and the general population improve health through awarness and education. 2.To create content for the site that is, entertaining, educational and personalized 3.To ensure the architecture and content is compatible with SCORM and Secure. Stayhealthy is in business to create personal wellness tools. THe specific tool being designed for the Army in this RFA will have direct commercialization potential. We see a personalized fitness tool that is web enabled and capable of educating the user as having utility in several areas of the consumer market. In particlar in our Business to business model such tolls may be used to enhance compliance and monitor preventive health plans to keep health care costs down for large employers.In the fitness industry such a tool can be part of a users/subscribers membership at the personal trainer or fitness club level. In education such a tool can be used to train fitness specialists or could be offered to the public as a fitness educational tool. There are thus many commercial applications for such tools. However each application would need some tailoring of the tool to that specific market. |
| INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH, INC.
3419 Ramsgate Terrace Alexandria, VA 22309 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 597-9204
Dr. Kurt Rowley OSD 00-C04 |
| Title: | Applied Cognitive Research As The Basis For A Courseware Designer Support Tool |
| Abstract: | The proposed ISRI exploratory development project will leverage applied cognitive research into instructional design and teaching the writing process in order to generate and evaluate a design concept for a Courseware Designer Support Tool (CDST). The study will draw on the professional experience of ISRI personnel in instructional design, quantitative and qualitative research, and the design of distance learning environments. Some specific tasks of the study will include protocol-based interviews of the target audience to help identify issues related to supporting courseware authors and enabling them to produce effective instructional designs, a review of relevant research findings, the development of a cognitive model for tasks required of non-designer Subject-matter Experts (SMEs) conducting instructional design activities, a compilation of instructional design advice including examples of effective CBT, the development of a design concept including a mock-up visualization of the CDST, and validation and enhancement of the design concept through evaluation by practicing designers. The major anticipated result of this exploratory development project will be the design of a Courseware Designer Support Tool (CDST). The CDST will help courseware authors improve the quality of instruction through its combined emphasis on providing design advice and facilitating processes used by expert instructional designers. The primary target user audience for the CDST is Subject-matter Experts (SMEs) who design CBT courseware, including distance learning materials. The secondary target user audience is junior-level instructional designers, writers, teachers, professors, and others who design computer-based courseware and distance learning materials. The primary commercial application of the CDST will be to support all designers of instructional treatments. Through a unique performance support strategy pioneered by Dr. Kurt Rowley, the CDST will provide a new capability that supports the use of courseware authoring environments, and exceeds the capabilities of existing automated instructional design tools. |
| KNOWLEDGE ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
4001 Discovery Drive Suite 390 Boulder, CO 80303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 545-9092
Dr. Darrell Laham OSD 00-C04 |
| Title: | Digital Resources for Instructional Design in CBT Authoring Using Latent Semantic Analysis |
| Abstract: | The Advanced Distributed Learning infrastructure will greatly expand the opportunity to use computer based training (CBT). Comparable opportunities are rapidly increasing in corporate training, institutional education, and individual life-long learning. However, the development of a high quality CBT requires both subject matter and instructional design expertise, which are seldom found in the same person. Current authoring tools for CBT do not offer help in instructional design. Doing so would allow more people to author high quality CBT more quickly and at less expense. The proposed research will use Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) as the basis of a digital resource for instructional design in CBT authoring. LSA is a well-validated machine-learning technique that simulates human understanding of the meaning of text passages through mathematical analysis of a large body of electronic source material. LSA provides a search-engine capability that accepts queries in natural language and returns relevant target material even if expressed in different words. In the CBT application, LSA will allow subject matter experts to enter queries in their own words and retrieve relevant text written in the unfamiliar terminology of professional instructional designers. Another of LSA's advantages is the unusual rapidity with which such a system can be implemented. Computer Based Training (CBT) is a well developed and highly effective and economical way to increase the skill and knowledge level of work forces in military, government, and private sector businesses. The Internet opens up almost unlimited opportunities to deploy CBT in new environments, and for new skills and subjects. However, CBT courses and units are currently very expensive and time consuming to produce. A tool to help in authoring CBT would be of wide interest to commercial providers of military, government and corporate training. In collaboration with one or more publishers of commercial authoring tools for CBT, or of providers of web-based instruction, we would develop, generalize, and harden the proposed prototype into a marketable commercial product. KAT already has working relationships with major distance education providers with a need for such a system, and is aggressively pursuing teaming arrangements with providers of corporate training and corporate training systems. |
| MICRO ANALYSIS & DESIGN, INC.
4900 Pearl East Circle Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 482-6404
Mr. Tim Bowden OSD 00-C04 |
| Title: | Digital Resource for Instructional Design in CBT Authoring Environments by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) |
| Abstract: | With the advent of new technology for implementing distance learning and distributed training the demand for quality computer based instruction is quickly on the rise. As demand increases for computer based training the need to design and implement effective computer based lessons will become a chief concern of many organizations worldwide. Despite advances that are making computer based training more widely available little is being done to ensure that those responsible for designing computer based instruction are adequately equipped to author new lessons. The Computer assisted Lesson Authoring Support System (CLASS) will be the much needed aid for novice instructional designers. The system will allow those unfamiliar with the principles of instructional design to create effective computer based training modules that fully take advantage of the wealth of research available on effective instructional design. The foundational research necessary to build such an innovative tool, along with a conceptual description of what the tool will be is the subject of this proposal. This product will assist novice instructional designers with producing effective computer based training applications authored in a wide variety of commercial authoring suites. The tool will be interoperable with a number of platforms and data structures allowing its use in military, educational and private sector organizations. |
| PSYCHOLOGICAL SYSTEMS & RESEARCH
1975 Willow Ridge Circle Kent, OH 44240 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(330) 678-8958
Mr. David DuBois OSD 00-C04 |
| Title: | Digital Resource for Instructional Design in CBT Authoring Environments by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) |
| Abstract: | The overall goal of this project is to develop an electronic performance support system (EPSS) to provide instructional design assistance to users of computer based training (CBT) authoring environments. It emphasizes providing support to course developers who are naive about instructional design methods. To achieve this goal, the following objectives will be addressed: (1) develop a matrix of instructional design methods by authoring decisions/situations; (2) identify the functions, resources, and constraints on the performance of the instructional design/authoring tasks, when conducted by individuals naive to instructional design principles; and (3) develop requirements, specifications, and a prototype of the user interface for the proposed software tools. The proposed software tools will provide instructors with a ready resource for implementing state of the art methods for designing CBT and ADL to maximize trainees depth and speed of comprehension. |
| GMA INDUSTRIES, INC.
20 Ridgely Avenue Annapolis, MD 21401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 267-6600
Mr. R. Glenn Wright OSD 00-C05 |
| Title: | Dismounted C4ISR Data Presentation and Dissemination by the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) |
| Abstract: | An approach for the development of methods for the dissemination and presentation of 2D/3D C4ISR information to an infantry soldier is proposed using next generation 128bit hardware engines available in low cost gaming platforms. A distributed, collaborative environment is envisioned to facilitate data mining of human and other resources located at higher echelons to formulate responses to operators tailored to the specific requirements of their queries. These responses will be capable of being displayed to the operator in several forms, ranging from simple text to dynamic objects representative of physical and complex concepts within the tactical environment. Communication bandwidth is conserved using innovative architectures combined with data compression techniques. The proposed architecture is modular in nature to ensure rapid configuration changes can be made to reflect changes in geographic location, and that new training requirements may be fulfilled with minimal product cycle times. Numerous private organizations, government agencies, and even individuals will gain the ability to create training, survey, and other applications specific to their mission using low cost game platforms, greatly expanding the potential user base of this technology. |
| SONALYSTS, INC.
215 Parkway North Waterford, CT 06385 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 380-5212
Dr. John J. Burns OSD 00-C05 |
| Title: | Dismounted C4ISR Data Presentation and Dissemination by the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) |
| Abstract: | The Phase I technical objective is to develop a detailed description of our proposed decision-centered visualization (DCV) architecture to support the dismounted land warrior. DCV will collaborate with human users and reduce their workload, by automatically presenting the information that is needed for the current task and decision. This will leave the maximally tasked dismounted soldier better informed and with more time to engage in mission rehearsal, planning, and execution. In particular, we propose to investigate emerging technologies in the console market to identify a platform that will support graphic and computational requirements of a user-configurable C4ISR interface. Our investigation will be informed by a parallel thrust that seeks to apply and extend the DCV architecture to the unique information requirements that will arise from the development of the FCS. The Phase I efforts will be critical in defining the software requirements for successfully visualizing and interacting with C4ISR products in the field. Our team will use the research conducted in Phase I to plan Phase II technology concepts. The completion of the proposed work plan will permit the start of Phase II with the optimal visualization and interaction concepts, as well as selected component hardware and software technologies. In many applications, workers in the field must make time-critical, high-risk decisions, under conditions of high workload. The proposed work will contribute to a solution for decision-centered visualization for dismounted personnel. This applies not only in military operations but in the civilian domain as well. Examples include disaster relief and forest fire response. Advances in understanding cognitive and human factors aspects of situation awareness and information visualization, coupled with recent developments in hardware and software for gaming technology, present the opportunity to develop a new systems approach for providing the right information at the right time for workers in the field. Moreover, we believe it will be possible to leverage COTS hardware and software to provide a cost-effective solution. In addition to disaster relief and forest fire response are other commercial applications: police and fire departments, hospital medical staffs, and manufacturing and industry. |
| THE COLLIDE, INC.
104 Orchard Lane Carrboro, NC 27510 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 942-0356
Dr. Dinesh Manocha OSD 00-C05 |
| Title: | Interactive Visualization, Simulation and Navigation of Complex Datasets on 128-bit Consoles |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to evaluate 128-bit game consoles like Sony PS2 and Microsoft Xbox for applications involving visualization, simulation and navigation of complex datasets. It will include evaluating the programming environments, memory capabilities in terms of dynamic paging and out-of-core datasets, developing multi-pass visibility algorithms and geometric algorithms like collision detection and robot motion planning. If successful, the resulting system will be used for interactive display of complex datasets as well as navigation through complex environments and using them as robot controllers for mobile platforms. During the intermediate stages and at the end of Phase I, we will submit reports that evaluate the capabilities of Sony PS2 and Microsoft X-box as well as demonstrate the performance of our rendering system on relatively complex datasets. There are a number of applications of the research goals highlighted in this proposal . Many applications including battlefield visualization, computer-aided design, virtual prototyping, simulators and games involve dealing with complex dataset. It is a major challenge to display, navigate or perform dynamic simulations at interactive rates. Given the low cost and very high graphics processing power of these consoles, it makes them very attractive platforms for these applications. Furthermore, in the future it may be possible to take tens (or even hundreds) of these consoles to handle some extremely large datasets. The recent demonstration of GSCube with 16 PS2 has shown the potential of these consoles for high-speed digital graphics creation and transmission over high-end broadband servers. |
| ISX CORP.
4353 Park Terrace Drive Westlake Village, CA 91361 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 735-6804
Mr. Scott Fouse OSD 00-C06 |
| Title: | Enhancing Situation Awareness in Military Operations by the Army Research Institute (ARI), Ft. Benning |
| Abstract: | There is an obvious and urgent incentive to improve the abilities of military leaders. The problem we address in this proposal is how to provide useful training in a simulated decision environment, in order to improve the situation awareness skills of leaders. There also appears to be a move towards more distributed command and control, thus, the need is to provide training that will help commanders build situation awareness skills for working with distributed teams. The opportunity is to apply Decision Net technology to the requirement for training situation awareness in leaders and distributed decision teams. Decision Net is a human facilitated decision game that is delivered over the net. Thus you get very effective training at a low cost and delivered frequently. In addition, it can be used to experiment with new processes and new decision support tools while they are still in concept stage Decision Net will deliver two major benefits: (1) Improved decision making in stressed situations for individuals and distributed teams. (2) A new level of instrumentation associated with situation awareness / decision making. Since Decision Net is web-based, we will be able to insert instrumentation to collect extensive data, which will enable us to develop new metrics in this area. |
| SA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
4731 East Forest Peak Marietta, GA 30066 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 565-9859
Dr. Mica R. Endsley OSD 00-C06 |
| Title: | Infantry Situation Awareness Training (ISAT) |
| Abstract: | The objective of this SBIR effort is to develop and validate the Infantry Situation Awareness Training (ISAT) program. Situation awareness forms the critical foundation underlying all military decision making and task execution. Success in current and future battlefields will depend on warfighters and leaders who are able to rapidly assess key information in a complex and changing environment to create high levels of SA, placing them inside the enemy's decision loop. This program will investigate the key features underlying situation awareness in Infantry operations to ensure that all training is oriented towards the highest payoff training factors. Building on this analysis and a theoretical model of situation awareness in Infantry operations, ISAT will enhance SA by providing training on the critical cognitive skills underlying SA. Four major training approaches are identified. These techniques will be developed and objectively validated for application to Infantry operations under this SBIR. ISAT's most immediate commercialization potential would be with emergency response and public safety organizations, including police forces, fire departments, emergency medical response units, and disaster response organizations. For these organizations the safety of their personnel in many highly varied and critical situations is dependent on a rapid assessment of and understanding of the situation. Products developed out of this SBIR should be applicable to these organizations, following some modifications for domain differences. A second commercialization potential may be found within the business community. ISAT could also be modified to train company managers on SA as it applies to the business world and the management of marketing, sales and operations in a global business climate. |
| INFORMATION EXTRACTION & TRANSPORT
1911 N. Ft. Myer Drive Arlington, VA 22209 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 841-3500
Dr. Suzanne Mahoney OSD 00-C07 |
| Title: | Personal Education and Training Assistant for Distance Learning (PETA) by the Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division (NAWCTSD) |
| Abstract: | A Personal Education and Training Assistant (PETA) automatically tailored to the requirements of the course and learner can meet the need of trainees for personal support through the distance learning chaos. IET's overall technical goal for Phase I is to identify a candidate approach and architecture for building a PETA software agents for DoD's distance learning community. PETA is the applications, knowledge base, engine and elicitation tools required to construct and continuously maintain each active agent. In particular, PETA will automatically generate customized models of the task, learner and pedagogical strategies to reason about how to best meet the distant learning objectives. In tailoring its models, PETA will take advantage of course, content and raw metadata from the Learning Management System. PETA's models will support a variety of interaction options in the Learner's Environment and meet the requirements of the DoD's plans for the networks and architectures required to support distance learning. Through the use of collaborative, multidisciplinary teams comprised of knowledge engineers, system architects, software developers, and applied mathematicians IET will analyze learner and system requirements, identify and evaluate alternative approaches for PETA, identify an appropriate training task and construct a detailed implementation plan. The market for learning solutions in general and intelligent interface agents in particular spans both the DoD and the commercial market sectors. Within the DoD: The DoD is currently making a very large investment in distance learning infrastructures and technologies and will do so for the next five to eight years. Beginning in 1999, the U.S. Army plans to spend over $700M (approximately $500M for infrastructure) with approximately another $100M for training content development. The U.S. Navy has set aside $500M for a five year program. U.S. Marine Corps has set aside approximately $118M over 5 years as well as the Navy/Marine Corps Intranet that will probably provide the on-shore delivery infrastructure. The Air Force will be making similar funding commitments. The size of the expenditures along with the number of service personnel that these new distance learning facilities will support provides a strong incentive for the DoD to make investments in PETA-like capabilities. Commercial Sector: There is ample evidence of the growing market for web-based training and distance learning in the commercial sector. The U.S. Department of Commerce reports that annual demand for workers to fill high-skilled information technology jobs is likely to grow from 874,00 in 1996 to 1.8 million in 2006. The International Data Corporation (IDC) reports: 1) The U.S. market for web-based or online training will exceed $5.5 billion by 2002, representing a compound annual growth rate of nearly 95% from $197 million in 1997. 2) By 2002, technology-based training will have market share of 54.9%, versus instructor-led methods, which will only have an estimated market share of 42.4% (see Figure 10). 3) By the end of 1998, more than 142 million people were using the Internet to communicate, participate in discussion forums and obtain information about goods and services. IDC estimates that the user base will grow to 502 million people by the end of 2003. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
1660 So. Amphlett Blvd. San Mateo, CA 94402 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 655-7242
Ms. Sowmya Ramachandran OSD 00-C07 |
| Title: | A Domain-Independent Personal Education and Training Assistant for Distance Learning |
| Abstract: | It has been shown that students receiving one-on-one instruction perform two standard deviations better than students receiving conventional instruction. Unfortunatey, the financial and human resources are simply not available to provide this kind of one-on-one instruction for many complex domains. Intelligent agents are needed for automatically assessing a student's learning needs, directing him to appropriate courses, monitoring his progress, and providing individualized instruction. We propose to develop a Personalized Education and Training Assistant (PETA) that will use intelligent pedagogical agents to provide individualized Web-based training that is dynamically tailored to a student's background, current expertise level and learning styles. We will also provide a library of agent personas and behaviors, along with tools to modify the library. Other learning management systems can then use this library via clearly defined APIs. Our approach will result in distance learning environments that can automatically provide individualized training to military personnel. It will also reduce the load on human instructors by automating many of their tasks. It will provide the benefit of including personified agents in learning environments. Phase I will result in the design of the system, and the development of a proof-of-concept prototype to illustrate our approach. The proposed research presents enormous commercialization potential. Training is a ubiquitous problem, and organizations are very eager for solutions that allow them to stretch their training budget. By providing training that is customized both in terms of content and instructional style, the proposed approach will make highly effective use of both the trainer's and trainee's time. Most organizations have recognized the benefits of distance learning and are eager to embrace the technology. The proposed system makes distance learning an even more feasible and desirable option. The presence of personified agents increases the motivational value of the technology. At the end of the Phase II effort, we will have a library of agent behaviors. We could market just this library to creators of educational software and provide non-programmers with a way to include agents exhibiting intelligent behavior in their systems. |
| TEKNOWLEDGE CORP.
1810 Embarcadero Rd Palo Alto, CA 94303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 352-9300
Dr. Michelle Sams OSD 00-C07 |
| Title: | Personal Education and Training Assistant for Distance Learning (PETA) by the Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division (NAWCTSD) |
| Abstract: | Phase I will investigate alternative approaches, architectures, and feasibility concepts for the use of intelligent agents as personal learning assistants in Distributed Learning environments. We will propose advantages that agents can provide for individualized instruction and performance support and with tailored assistance for various learning management services (e.g., counseling). We will also evaluate the technologies that enable voice interaction, physical embodiment, and user selectable interfaces for agents. PETA will be designed with an open architecture and will be compatible with DoD networks and ADL specifications. Technologies may include intelligent tutoring and performance support, natural language understanding, continuous speech recognition and speech synthesis, and animated agent features. Selection and design of the PETA prototype will be based on DoD need, the selected application and the scope of a Phase II development effort. Anticipated benefits of a personal learning assistant for individual trainees who utilize the military distance learning networks may include: increased performance due to on-site and on-demand performance support and reduced time to learn and increased quality of performance support due to tailored assistance. |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC.
725 Concord Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Dr. Greg L. Zacharias OSD 00-C08 |
| Title: | Advanced Decision-aiding and Visualization Architecture for Stability and Support Operations |
| Abstract: | Battlefield management is increasingly becoming an information management task. While efforts are now underway to develop decision aids capable of flexible information visualization, the primary focus has been on supporting conventional warfare. However, there is a clear consensus that Stability and Support Operations (SASO) will dominate the future mission spectrum, and that information management, visualization, and decision-aiding will become increasingly critical in these doctrinally-unconstrained and hence less predictable environments. What is not so clear is how to provide the future commander and staff with a "cognitively matched" view into the battlespace, in a fashion that supports naturalistic decision-aiding and effective visualization. To explore a range of options, we propose to develop a cognitively-based software environment founded on Rasmussen's Cognitive Hierarchy, and supporting hierarchal levels of data fusion, situation assessment, and course of action response recommendation. The modular architecture will incorporate a number of tested AI technologies and supports the implementation of different visualization techniques and technologies. We propose to: 1) conduct a cognitive task analysis of selected SASO scenarios; 2) generate decision-aiding and visualization requirements; 3) develop the architecture and prototype selected aiding functions; and 4) develop a plan for evaluation of the full-scope prototype. Commercial potential for enhanced data visualization exists in nuclear power-plants and health care environments, characterized by high-tempo, high-value situations, and financial market activities, characterized by high-volume time-critical transactions. These latter include the commodities futures market, local and national stock exchanges, and international currency markets. Even a marginal improvement in the message "signal-to-noise" ratio and systematically-reasoned recommendations could translate to significant increases in profit margin for active traders in these markets. |
| MEDSCHOOL.COM
2034 Broadway Santa Monica, CA 90404 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 899-9000
Dr. William Sequeira OSD 00-C09 |
| Title: | Development of |
| Abstract: | Medschool.com, an e-learning medical/health knowledge company, is upgrading its platform for learner-centered Advanced Distributed Learning. Phase I proposes to (1) develop the Knowledge Management Layer for its e-learning platform, (2) evaluate the design display of the presentation, and (3) select 2 Emergency Medic Training components that demonstrate advanced knowledge achievement. A small-scale pilot module developed in Phase I will demonstrate the pedagogical transformation of an existing Medschool.com learning module for individual advanced learning. Technical objectives to develop the learning platform's Knowledge Management Layer are construction of a dynamic feedback loop consisting of (1) "smart data" collection, (2) deployment of optimum pedagogical method, and (3) selection of presentation formats that parallel user registration context to increase the effectiveness of the learning process. Technical objectives of curriculum selection are selection of training curriculum demonstrating advanced learning (i.e., having complex subjects with ill-structured domains) yet confirming to practical considerations that will assure successful testing of the platform with a Medic training module in Phase II. Anticipated benefits of Phase I/II studies are independently verified efficiency and effectiveness measurement of the Company's learning platform as well as completion of a net-deployable, Advanced Learning module for military and civilian (fire fighter) Medic training. |
| SIMQUEST INTERNATIONAL, INC.
8003 Boulder Lane Silver Spring, MD 20910 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 280-2240
Dr. Howard Champion OSD 00-C09 |
| Title: | Advanced Distributed Learning for Medical Skills Training and Sustainment |
| Abstract: | This project will develop an interactive, web-based application for training the medical skills of Special Operations combat medics (SOCMs). Special emphasis will be placed on the training of cognitive, decision-making skills for life-saving procedures such as intravenous insertion, tube thoracotomy and airway management. Specialists in trauma training will review current JSOMTC and civilian paramedic training packages and select appropriate training material for cognitive skills training. Task analysis will be used to identify critical cognitive skills, and an instructional framework will be developed to provide an effective training instrument. Alternative software strategies will be designed to provide game-like trauma case scenario training, immersive virtual environments emphasizing spatial learning, and/or traditional training. Performance assessment will be built into the application using metrics derived from studies of trauma procedures. It is anticipated that an effective Advanced Distributed Learning software package will provide geographically-dispersed Special Operations combat medics with the ability to upgrade and maintain the complex skills required for combat trauma procedures. The development of cognitive learning strategies for distance training in medical and trauma skills offers tremendous potential in both military and civilian markets. An internet-based application for medical skills training will provide medics, paramedics, nurses and other healthcare personnel with initial and sustainment training in an anytime, anywhere environment. |
| SOUTH DAKOTA HEALTH TECHNOLOGY INNO
1400 West 22nd Street Sioux Falls, SD 57105 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(605) 256-5313
Dr. Melvin Ustad OSD 00-C09 |
| Title: | Cognitive Learning Strategies for Medical Skills Training and Sustainment via Distance Learning Means by the Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) |
| Abstract: | The more than 800,000 emergency medical technicians and thousands of other certified and non-certified health care workers need effective educational programs. In many cases the people in need of medical training are distributed throughout the nation and world so traditional classroom instruction is not practical. Computer based training and the Internet offer great opportunities to more effectively meet the military and private sector needs for emergency medical and other health related education. The proposed Phase I research project will design, develop and test a module of an Internet based intelligent tutoring system/simulation for emergency medical technician training and re-certification. In Phase I a single module will be developed and tested in an EMT training program. During Phase II the entire training program will be developed and tested by military and private sector personnel. With more than 800,000 certified EMTs in the United States and thousands of other health care professionals needing training the proposed product has a large market potential. The commercial product will be developed and marketed in conjunction with Sioux Valley Hospitals and Health Systems. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
1660 So. Amphlett Blvd. San Mateo, CA 94402 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 655-7242
Mr. Richard Stottler OSD 00-C09 |
| Title: | An Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) for Military Medical Training. |
| Abstract: | The overall project objective is to improve SOF medic training quality and reduce its cost and length. This will be accomplished by the development of an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) which can provide tailored instruction to individual students. This requires the development of the appropriate instructional approaches for several different types of tasks and several different types of students. In Phase I, we will determine the cognitive processes and knowledge structures required to perform various SOF medical tasks. We will design appropriate instructional approaches based on these cognitive findings and prove their feasibility by implementation of a proof-of-concept prototype. We will design the Phase II prototype for web-based training. SHAI has worked on several ITS projects, in several domains including Army medics, and studied several instructional approaches applicable to several different types of tasks and their associated knowledge structures. Furthermore, we are developing a general ITS architecture which allows the use of several simultaneous instructional approaches, in combination. What remains is to implement several instructional approaches based on sound pedagogical principles and appropriate for tasks required of SOF medics. In addition to SOF medics, the system is applicable to military field medicine and also to commercial paramedic training. Because the ITS will have several different instructional techniques, it will be applicable to several domains with little development time. Esteem Software Incorporated (ESI) has agreed to market the General ITS Architecture, of which this work will be a part. Thus, it already has a commercial avenue. |
| VIATEC RESEARCH, LLC
514 Daniels St. PMB 274 Raleigh, NC 27605 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 349-4448
Dr. Anthony T. Rivers OSD 00-C09 |
| Title: | "Web-based Auto-Adaptive Cognitive Learning System for Medical Training" |
| Abstract: | The innovation of this SBIR Phase I is the development of an Auto-adaptive cognitive Learning Engine (ALE) that can assess a learner's level of knowledge comprehension and retention, and then appropriately change assistance in concept areas where the learner is having difficulties. Thus, ALE enhanced Web-based Distance Learning Systems (WDSs) provide organizations like the Military with a cost-effective tool for maximizing knowledge comprehension and retention, while simultaneously reducing time and cost spent on medical (and other skilled) staff training. The cognitive strategies and algorithms developed as part of Viatec Research's Auto-adaptive Learning (AL) solution are based on an extension of the rule-base theory and traditional concept-mapping. However, the solution's quantitative nature, and ability to measure the degree of learner understanding are novel and represent a leading-edge approach to the issue of automated knowledge assessment for WDSs. A proof-of-concept prototype of the ALE will be incorporated into a WDS to demonstrate technical feasibility, user benefits, and commercial marketability and to make recommendations Phase II. Also in Phase I, Viatec will review JSOMTC, etc medical training packages and SOF medical personnel training requirements and cognitive abilities to identify candidate areas and means for adaptation to cognitive learning strategies in a net-based product. Autonomous market research indicates that the market for web-based learning technologies is relatively new and has the potential for tremendous growth. The Annual Industry Report of 1996 by Lakewood Research assessed corporate training and estimated the technology portion of this market at $ 7.6 billion in 1995-96 and projected a real growth rate of 9% per annum. A Dataquest study looked directly at multimedia technology in educational settings (both corporate and institutional) assessed the market for educational technologies as $16.6 billion in 1996 with a growth rate approaching 14%. Finally, a forecasting model of the Adaptive Learning Systems markets developed by Nathan Associates predicted sales of instructional software and systems would range between $25.8 and 42.2 billion by conservative estimates. More optimistic projections indicate that educational technologies may grow to as much as $142.9 billion by 2005. |
| NTI, INC.
4130 Linden Ave., Suite 235 Dayton, OH 45432 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 254-3171
Dr. Robert O'Donnell OSD 00-C10 |
| Title: | Comprehensive Computerized Cognitive Assessment Battery |
| Abstract: | The ultimate SBIR goal is to develop a theory-based, comprehensive cognitive test battery applicable to a wide range of military and civilian assessment requirements (e.g., fatigue, combat injury, medications, age-related decrement, and other conditions causing cognitive deficits.) Although there have recently been notable successes toward the development of "unified theories of cognition", and progress in other areas of cognitive science and neuroscience, cognitive test batteries have not capitalized on these breakthroughs. Most are either poorly grounded in theory, or are unbalanced toward specific areas of cognitive function. We propose to carry out extensive surveys of: 1) existing cognitive test batteries and, 2) current theoretical models of human cognition. Based on these, a recommended set of candidate computer-based probes or tests will be developed that will attempt to assess all aspects of cognitive function, as defined by the most current and extensive theoretical approaches. In addition, a detailed experimental design will be generated that will use the Cognitive Assessment Sleep Laboratory (CASL) at Brooks AFB to expose subjects to "gold standard" stressors such as alcohol, fatigue, or drugs. These experiments will provide initial psychometric data allowing selection of tests for the comprehensive battery. Phase II will implement these plans. In addition to the obvious scientific benefits of this development, it will enhance the military physician's ability to suspend a warfighter from -- or return him/her to -- duty, thus affecting operational force status. Commercially, a scientifically and legally defensible test battery will find use in evaluating aging, toxic exposure, head trauma, and infections having potential neurological impact. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. James J. Barry OSD 00-H01 |
| Title: | Modeling Thermoregulation in Three Dimensions |
| Abstract: | The thermal environment strongly affects the physical and mental performance of military personnel. To predict the response of the body to various thermal environments and loads, an advanced three-dimensional model of human thermoregulation is proposed. The resulting software package will include a voxel-based model of a human, an efficient computational solver, a visualization tool, and a graphical user interface. In Phase I, models for an animal model or phantom will be developed. An initial solver and proof-of-concept visualization tool will be built, and calculations will be performed and compared with available data. During Phase II the complete software package will be developed and validated. The proposed model will provide a powerful tool for predicting the effects of climate, clothing design, exposure to microwaves and directed energy sources, and heating/cooling systems on human thermal equilibrium. The technology has direct application in the military for equipment design and electromagnetic dosimetry, and broad application in medical research and industrial design of protective gear, garments, and climate control systems. |
| INFORMATION SYSTEMS LABORATORIES, INC.
6370 Nancy Ridge Drive San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 255-2273
Dr. Daniel A. Prelewicz OSD 00-H01 |
| Title: | Three-Dimensional Model of Thermoregulation by the Naval Health Research Center (NHRC) Detachment at Brooks Air Force Base, TX |
| Abstract: | A prototype system will be developed to demonstrate the feasibility of simulating the passive thermoregulation system in three-dimensions using realistic anatomical models developed from MRI data. The analysis system will consist of a set of computer codes coupled together using message passing interfaces to efficiently simulate transient events. Published tissue classified voxel representations of laboratory animals and phantoms will be used to define the geometric models. Transient temperature data obtained from experiments conducted by the Navy to validate predictions of specific absorption rates due to RF exposure in a phantom model will be used to assess performance of the system. Solution of the very large set of coupled governing equations will require that the model be segmented for parallel processing. Several approaches will be investigated, including an approach which gives the analyst some control over the segmentation process. The capability to include blood and lymph flows will be designed into the complete system model to be developed from the prototype. In addition to application for the design and development of future protective garments with active heating and cooling mechanisms, the thermoregulation analysis system is expected to fill a need for anatomically realistic analyses of therapeutic procedures such as diathermy, and therapeutic hypothermia and hyperthermia. The ability to simulate the thermoregulation process in humans is necessary for the advancement of many practical areas including design of protective garments with active heating and cooling mechanisms, development of protocols for therapeutic applications of hyperthermia and hypothermia and analysis of thermal stress in work and combat environments. Simulation using anatomically realistic models will be a very cost-effective alternative to constructing prototypes and conducting tests with human subjects. It is expected that the thermoregulation analysis system will find widespread acceptance among military contractors, biomedical firms and research laboratories, and that a robust market for services related to the analysis system will develop. |
| THERMOANALYTICS, INC.
94X Airport Road Calumet, MI 49913 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(906) 482-9650
Dr. Allen R. Curran OSD 00-H01 |
| Title: | 3-D Voxel-Based Bio-Heat Transfer Code |
| Abstract: | The potential health effects of exposure to sources of non-ionizing radio frequency (RF) electro-magnetic energy are an area of continuing interest within the military and civilian communities. Common sources of RF exposure include cellular telephones, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems, and other civilian and military communications and radar systems. One established biological effect of RF exposure is tissue heating; temperature increases of as little as 4øC above normal body temperature can have potentially devastating effects on living tissue. The development of an anatomically realistic thermal computer code, capable of predicting tissue temperatures, would be an important accomplishment, both scientifically and for the potential economic benefit deriving from the use of the models. Previous attempts represented the human body as simple, largely homogenous, geometrical shapes that lacked needed resolution. Detailed voxel-based anatomical descriptions, such as the Visible Human model, overwhelm general-purpose thermal codes. ThermoAnalytics proposes to modify its existing commercial thermal software to exploit the structure of these voxel-based descriptions. The resulting thermal code will be compact, accurate, and able to accommodate extremely large data sets as input. Its applicability will not be limited to RF heating but will extend to a variety of environmental and therapeutic heating and cooling applications. An accurate and comprehensive human thermoregulatory model will be valuable to designers and researchers in a number of different industries and fields. Potential uses for the human thermoregulatory model include: low cost optimization of garment design for physical comfort; health and safety investigations to study the effects of cell phone use, wireless local area network (WLAN) and MRI exposure studies; cancer treatment studies; hypo- and hyperthermia treatment studies; automotive and aircraft passenger comfort models; analysis of laser surgery methods; setting of laser safety guidelines; heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) designs; prediction and analysis of thermal stress effects on human performance and productivity; human dehydration investigations; protective clothing design; adjunct to medical diagnostic techniques based on infrared imaging; whole-body or local hypo- and hyper-thermia for cancers and other diseases or conditions (e.g., benign prostatic hyperplasia, multiple sclerosis). Additionally, military priorities require prolonged soldier activity in hot and cold environments despite the potential degradation of human performance and productivity under such thermal extremes and stress. Therefore, military planners must understand the factors that contribute to thermal stress, the range of human responses to heat and cold, and the possible options for dealing with thermal problems. An accurate human thermoregulatory model would be beneficial to such understanding. |
| CAMBRIDGE SCIENTIFIC, INC.
180 Fawcett Street Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 576-2663
Dr. Debra J. Trantolo OSD 00-H02 |
| Title: | Enhancing Malaria Vaccine Development by the Naval Medical Research Center (NMRI) |
| Abstract: | Current estimates of mortality and morbidity due to malaria have given evidence of the decreasing effectiveness of both vector control and chemoprophylaxis and chromotherapy. The present focus is to develop vaccines against one more of the developmental forms of the Plasmodium parasite. One such approach utilizes a plasmid DNA expression, the circumsporozite protein (CSP). We propose to incorporate the pDNA into a low molecular weight, biocompatible-hydrolytically lable (absorbable) poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) by a proprietary protocol, which eliminates both the shear stresses of emulsification and also contact of t |