Army - Navy - DARPA - OSD - NIMA |
| NANODYNAMICS, INC.
510 East 73rd St. New York, NY 10021 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(212) 249-2232
Chia-Gee Wang ARMY 98-003 |
| Title: | A Novel Efficiency X-Ray Tube with Selectable Line-Emissions |
| Abstract: | A compact X-ray tube assembly comprises an evacuated chamber enclosed by a ceramic tubular envelope, an attached power supply at one end connected to an emitter inside the chamber, electrostatic means for focusing a beam of electrons on a metal foil target, an end window at the other end comprising said target, the thickness and composition of the metal foil target and the e-beam energy being selected to generate a microfocused bright beam of x rays of a preselected energies. The compact assembly is useful in materials and aligment for resist layers for chip fabrication and for materials inspection. BENEFITS: An end-window x-ray target design brings about an x-ray generator with greatly improved efficiency and photon spectrum purity. The x-ray generator has a micro-focused focal spot, is light in weight, and is particularly useful for high resolution portable appications in manufacture process monitoring, and for materials inspection. Serving both the military and industry functions. |
| ABE BELKIND & ASSOC.
184 Martins Way North Plainfield, NJ 07060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(908) 769-6501
Abraham Belkind ARMY 98-004 |
| Title: | Sputter-Deposition Technology for Productivity of Low-Temperature Crystalline AI2O3 Films |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will prove the principle of using a new low temperature sputtering technique to deposit crystalline films of A1203 on substrates heated to <300 Cc. crystalline films of A1203 exhibit high corrosion and oxidation resistance. Acceptable films formed by conventional sputtering methods require substrate temperatures higher than 350 0C. Lowering substrate temperatures below 350 CC will allow coatings on aluminum and other temperature sensitive materials. We propose to use an unbalanced magnetron powered by synchronized pulsed power and pulsed biasing. This will result in an enhanced ion bombardment of growing films and production of hard, transparent, and environmentally stable oxide films - all at low substrate temperatures. The technology can be scaled up linearly for large area depositions. In Phase I, we will evaluate the technology, deposit A1203 films and characterize them. In Phase I Option, together with a collaborator and potential end-user, we will further optimize the deposition process, evaluate the films' mechanical, structural and environmental properties, and perform technology cost analysis. In Phase II, we will further refine the technology, by interacting with end users, and design and produce crystalline A1203 coatings with improved interface adhesion on various substrates. Phase III will consist of marketing the technology and processing services. BENEFITS: The proposed technology has the potential to 5ignificantly improve the existing A1203 film manufacturing technologies. Further, the materials focus of this effort could significantly impact the lifetime and performance of many existing and future coatings. |
| PLANNING SYSTEMS, INC.
7923 Jones Branch Dr. McLean, VA 22102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 448-4215
Pierre Lallement ARMY 98-005 |
| Title: | Air Acoustics Tactical Decision Aid |
| Abstract: | The Army's increased utilization of passive intelligent acoustic sensors has created strong interest in optimizing their use in the modern battlefield. A complex acoustic propagation environment that varies in time and space, and diverse combat operations further complicate the problem. Planning Systems Incorporated (PSI) proposes to develop a Tactical Decision Aid (TDA) to guide the battlefield commander in the use of intelligent acoustic sensors and in interpretation of their results. In the past year PSI has successfully developed and demonstrated an acoustic TDA for Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) applications in the Near-Shore Tactical Reconnaissance (NSTR) program sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Protects Agency (DARPA). In addition, PSI is currently making extensive use of the Mesoscale Meteorology Model (MM5) developed by the National Center for Atmospheric Research and Pennsylvania State University. This extensive experience base will be brought to bear on the TDA development. Although air acoustics and underwater acoustics have very different modeling requirements, both require the use of a high resolution rendering of the b MM5 and the use of a high fidelity acoustic propagation model that is dependent on range, azimuth, and elevation (or depth). PSI will adapt the technology and software architecture of NSTR to the air acoustic environment to build the Air Acoustic Tactical Decision Aid (AATDA) software. The operator will use the software's point and click Graphical User Interface (GUI) to strategically deploy acoustic sensors in a simulated battlefield, and then run realistic threat incursions to exercise the effectiveness of the sensor field. BENEFITS: Improved use of intelligent acoustic sensors in the battlefield; increased understanding in the significance of the acoustic propagation environment in a battlefield context. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
1660 S. Amphlett Blvd, Suite 350 San Mateo, CA 94402 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 655-7242
Alexander Davis ARMY 98-005 |
| Title: | AI Techniques for Context-Sensitive Tactical Decision Aids |
| Abstract: | In Phase I, SHAI, in cooperation with our consultant, Dr. David Swanson of the Advanced Research Laboratory at Pennsylvania State University, will investigate, design, and implement a prototype of a context-sensitive tactical decision aid system for enhancing the deployment and employment of intelligent acoustic sensors. This system will use knowledge about local environmental conditions and terrain to dynamically determine sensor coverage of the battlefield and make recommendations for optimal sensor emplacement. It will combine knowledge of mission objectives with general tactical knowledge to interpret sensor reports in the context of the current combat situation, assessing from moment to moment which information would be most relevant and important for the user to see. It will also merge reports from multiple sensors, combining them with terrain and tactical data to provide a single coherent picture of the battlefield with maximum accuracy and utility. Since these are complex and difficult problems, we will take an integrated approach using a variety of paradigms, including Case-Based Reasoning, Model-Based Reasoning, Constraint Satisfaction, Bayesian Networks, and Knowledge-Based Representations; techniques we have used with much success in previous projects. BENEFITS: Context-sensitive tactical decision aids are applicable in any situation where intelligent acoustic sensors are employed. This includes a wide array of non-military surveillance applications such as intrusion detection in warehouse complexes, patrol of international borders, and monitoring of animal/livestock activity in wildlife preserves or commercial ranches. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71, Etna Rd. Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. Nabil A. Elkouh ARMY 98-006 |
| Title: | Plasma-Sprayed Fluxes for Welding of Titanium in Air |
| Abstract: | Creare proposes to use a plasma-spray process to deposit flux coatings that permit the welding of titanium directly in air. Such a coating system eliminates the costly and cumbersome practice of welding titanium in an inert atmosphere created using complicated shrouds or within a dedicated enclosed chamber. The coating process offers the advantages of: (1) shielding titanium at elevated temperatures from embrittlement due to its reactivity with oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen, and (2) retarding liberation of hydrogen through the formation of insoluble compounds that reduce the porosity of the resultant welds. Additionally, plasma spraying itself is inherently inexpensive, easily scaled to production scenarios, and features high, controllable deposition rates. In Phase I, we propose to prepare and test sample coupons with various plasma-sprayed flux coatings to provide a basis for assessment of the suitability of these materials for this application. We will also use the Gas Tungsten Arc Welding process to produce and test sample welds on titanium alloys coated with the proposed fluxes. The flux coating process developed in Phase I makes possible the development of a synthesized welding/coating system in Phase II. BENEFITS: The proposed flux coating process is expected to: (1) broaden significantly the application of titanium alloys for both military and commercial use, and (2) permit the use of welding processes that offer high weld rates such as Gas Metal Arc and Plasma Arc techniques. |
| NOVA R&D, INC.
1525 Third Street, Suite C Riverside, CA 92507 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(909) 781-7322
Dr. Martin Clajus ARMY 98-007 |
| Title: | A Fast High Accuracy Hyperspectral X-Ray Detector |
| Abstract: | A feasibility study is proposed for a practical, fast, high-accuracy hyperspectral x-ray detector system for detection and imaging of objects such as energetic materials and contraband. It may have many other uses such as finding and identifying contraband in luggage, briefcases, packages, parcels, containers. It may also be used for process control applications such as remote monitoring of parameters like the chemical composition or congealing of material in the casting process, or controlling fabrication of composites and fiber embedded materials. Another use can be nondestructive inspection of commercial and military energetic materials, munition items. It may also be applied for accurate determination of material properties. Medical uses are also possible, for example, in bone densitometry for osteoporosis diagnosis. During Phase I, a feasibility study will be carried out to demonstrate that the proposed detector will perform to the required specifications. During Phase II, a fully functional prototype detector system will be manufactured using the Phase I results. In Phase III, the detector system will be manufactured as a commercial hyperspectral x-ray-imaging instrument. BENEFITS: The results of the Phase I and II programs will be a fast, high-accuracy room-temperature hyperspectral imaging x-ray detector system. This detector has many application capabilities for both the military and commercial sectors. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
50 Mall Rd. Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-3388
Kenneth Ross ARMY 98-008 |
| Title: | Intelligent Multi-Agent Hybrid Systems Control Technology |
| Abstract: | ALPHATECH proposes a coordinated, multi-platform, distributed fire control system that will help the warfighter manage large amounts of target and weapon information in support of timely decision making. This concept will leverage neuro-dynamic programming (NDP) for control and resource allocation, Bayesian networks for on-line learning from the sensor data, and mobile software agents for coordinating the distributed processing. These advances to multi-agent hybrid system control technology will support distributed intelligent decision making, planning, and real-time control. ALPHATECH experience mitigates overall program risk because: 1) we have demonstrated experience in using NDP technology for Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) resource allocation, 2) we have evaluated mobile software agents as flexible and fault tolerant tools for distributing computing and dynamic planning, 3) we have used Bayesian networks that use probability-based approaches to flexibly fuse information from distributed sensors, and 4) we have transitioned other advanced concepts into successful prototypes suitable for user demonstration and feedback. BENEFITS: This technology will help the Joint Forces Land Component Commander (JFLCC) and his subordinate commanders better allocate air and ground sensors / weapons to counter threat ground forces. It will help integrate fire missions and offer improved force effectiveness through enhanced command and control (C2). This technology, once mature, can be applied to distributed control problems have mixed discrete events and continuous time dynamics that are tightly coupled. It has the potential to reduce software costs and improve reliability. Examples include: manufacturing control, machine tool control, smart highway systems, air traffic management, and distributed robotic systems. |
| AMAIN ELECTRONICS CO., INC.
1875 Angus Ave., Unit C Simi Valley, CA 93063 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 577-0583
William Mandl ARMY 98-009 |
| Title: | Extremely low Power on Focal Plane Digital Conversion |
| Abstract: | As the size and sensitivity of infrared censors increase, the bandwidth to move date off the focal plane increases proportional to the number of pixels in the array. For analog focal planes, increased bandwidth also means increased noise. Off focal plane A./D as well as processing for offset and gain corrcetion also add noise. Power dissipation will also increase with size. The newly developed MOSAD technology places an A/D converter at each pixel, limiting noise vandwidth to temporal bandwidth,independent of array size. The converter requires no more surface area than the old analog detector interface it replaces. Digital at the pixel allows lower switching voltage over analog, reducing power consumption. The readout technology is absolutely linear and has zero offset. Power consuming and mouse limiting analog electronics can be eliminated from the system, improving reliability and decreasing cost. This A/D conversion process can be built with existing semiconductor technology. The technology is also less dependent on device parameters compared to other digital or analog approaches, giving it improved immunity to radiation effects and longer life.BENEFITS: There is a broad range of systems that can be developer with lover cost digital imager including: Safety ( aircraft landing, truck collision avoidance), Surveillance (law enforcement, assembly line) and earth resources ( atmospheric sounders, agricultural). |
| INDIGO SYSTEMS CORP.
5385 Hollister Ave #103 Santa Barbara, CA 93111 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 964-9797
Robert Cannata ARMY 98-009 |
| Title: | Advanced Read-Out Integrated Circuit for Quantum wel Infrared Photodetector Array |
| Abstract: | The goals of this program are to design, fabricate and test a readout integrated circuit (ROIC) specifically designed for use with Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector (QWIP) arrays and to incorporate the advanced signal processing requirements needed for Third Generation FLIRs. QWIP photodetector arrays are fabricated from large bandgap materials (GaAs/AIGaAs) which are easily grown and processed to produce large uniform focal plane arrays tuned to detect light at wavelengths from 6 to 25 run. In Phase 1 the preliminary design and modeling will be completed for a ROIC designed specifically to take advantage of the attributes of QWIP detectors and to meet the needs of Third Generation FLIRs. For QWIP arrays to compete with other detector materials like HgCdTe, they require special readout interface features such as the ability to provide a large detector bias voltage, large integrated signal capacity, and the ability to remove the inherent dark current to increase dynamic range. The Third generation FLIR requirements also advance the capabilities of readout IC designs by incorporating signal processing features on the focal plane array. These include nonuniformity correction, analog to digital conversion, and other signal processing functions as edge enhancement, clutter rejection, motion detection, and target detection. In Phase IL the advanced readout IC will be fabricated, tested, and prototype QWIP focal plane arrays will be demonstrated. BENEFITS: Commercial, low cost, high performance, large format QWIP focal plane arrays and systems built around these IR sensors will find many applications in manufacturing industries, law enforcement, medical, environmental and agricultural. |
| LINCOM CORP.
5110 West Goldleaf Circle, Suite 250 Los Angeles, CA 90056 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(323) 293-3001
Vicent Hu ARMY 98-010 |
| Title: | Multi Adaptive Spread Spectrum Coded Modulation (MASSCoM) System |
| Abstract: | Multimedia applications are driving future wireless networks toward supporting data bearing services. Digital data transfer requires a much lower target BER and higher throughput than does a voice only application. In a wireless network, the communication environment is changing continuously. It is difficult to design a communication link that performs well under all possible conditions. Frequency hopping systems have been shown to be a feasible solution in multiple access systems while providing advantages against jamming/interference. Other strategies can be employed in conjunction with FH to improve system performance. However, these strategies typically sacrifice throughput and spectral efficiency. Under the conventional design paradigm, the link design is usually fixed a priori. Because channel conditions can change, the effectiveness of a combined spreading, coding, and modulation scheme enables the implementation of a transmitted waveform which can adapt to channel conditions and achieve the most efficient use of channel capacity. LinCom proposes the development of a multi-adaptive protocol in which channel measurements are employed to adapt the FH spreading strategy, modulation, and coding to dynamically maximize throughput. BENEFITS: The development of MASSCoM will enable the deployment of a robust wireless communication system, which could support digital data transport. This would enable fixed and mobile wireless terminals in military battlefield applications and in commercial. |
| VIASAT
2290 Cosmos Court Carlsbad, CA 92009 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 438-8099
Mark Johnson ARMY 98-010 |
| Title: | Innovative Methods for Mobile Frequency Hopping Radio Networks |
| Abstract: | As wireless communications systems move to higher carrier frequencies, advantages of direct-sequence methods are reduced due to the decrease in channel coherence time. Frequency hopping systems will be required to gain advantages of spread spectrum systems and minimize multi-user access interference. Channel dynamics increase with higher frequency operation and provide a significant obstacle to current receive processing techniques. Co-Channel interference, is emerging as one of the greatest impacts to digital data communications systems. A new approach to receiver design, applying Per Survivor Processing (PSP), offers the opportunity to achieve dramatic performance improvements (e.g. improved acquisition, and/or interference rejection) when a large number of users, difficult dynamics and/or large chanted uncertainties are present. Further, PSP excels when the channel characteristics, the number of interferers or reflections, and other key signal parameters are unknown. Application of PSP is now becoming feasible due to the rapidly increasing computational power and decreasing price of modern digital technology. PSP algorithms have been developed and simulated for dense urban environments wit mobile users under other efforts. The focus of this proposed Phase I work will be to develop an implementation capable of demonstrating the performance improvement of PSP applied to the mobile frequency hopped application. BENEFITS: The primary benefit of this multi-phased SBIR program is the implementation high-performance, robust and cost effective processing to enhance the performance and capacity of mobile frequency hopped communication systems. Mobile network protocols that are self-configuring and robust are called for in a variety of commercial situations, and represent a significant hurdle for current commercial wireless systems. Therefore, successful new methodologies for frequency hopping radio networks will have significant commercial potential for high carrier frequency multi-user systems. |
| GINER, INC.
14 Spring Street Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 899-7270
John A. Kosek, Ph.D. ARMY 98-011 |
| Title: | Development of High Energy Electrochemical Capacitor Stack for Military Vehicular Applications |
| Abstract: | The relatively high resistance and the poor performance are the limitations for the usage of the typical Electrochemical Capacitor (EC) for many applications, which require power under extreme conditions such as a wide range of temperatures. ECs with extended temperature range, high capacitance and low internal resistance are needed to open up a wide range for military, space, and industrial applications. Multi-million-dollar markets are to be expected from automotive and biomedical as well as military operations. The primary objective of this project is to develop high-energy-density, high-power-density, all-solid polymer electrolyte EC, capable of operating over most of the military temperature range (from -40 degrees to 70 degrees Celsius) to be used for military Electric Vehicle (EV) applications. This innovation is based on Giner, Inc.'s extensive knowledge in electrode materials and solid polymer electrolyte processing. The advantage of the proposed EC design includes the long life, small size and wide temperature range. BENEFITS: Commercial applications of the wide temperature range electrochemical capacitor include charge storage devices for uninterruptible power supplies, memory backup and pulse power sources for defibrillator and neurological microstimulators. |
| MAXPOWER, INC.
220 Stahl Rd Harleysville, PA 19438 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 513-4230
David L. Chua, Ph.D ARMY 98-011 |
| Title: | An Integrated Approach to Improve the Energy of Rechargeable Li-Ion Cells |
| Abstract: | MaxPower is proposing a Phase I program which is an integrated approach towards developing a high capacity-high rate Li-ion cell capable of operation from ambient temperatures to -40 degrees Celsius. Since all lithium intercalated into the anode of a Li-ion cell comes from the cathode, decreasing anode irreversible capacity and increasing reversible capacity will be much more effective with simultaneous increases in cathode capacity. This is MaxPower's integrated approach which involves three tasks. Task 1 involves R&D on anode materials starting with commercially available MCMB and Superior Graphite carbons. Pyrolyzed PAN-based carbon will also be investigated. This material is deemed to be a cost-effective substitute for MCMB carbons. Task 2 involves R&D on nanoscale size LiCoO2 with inert ceramic materials synthesized by a sol-gel method. The method allows for uniform mixing of active and inert materials and will facilitate Li+ ion transport across grain boundaries. The structural improvements in these composite cathodes will also enable at least 15 % more capacity to be obtained from LiCoO2 cathodes. Task 3 involves building, testing and delivery of both liquid and polymer 100 mAh Li-ion pouch cells. These cells will have energy and power densities exceeding, respectively, 100 Wh/kg and 40 W/kg, and will deliver useful capacities at temperatures down to -40 degrees Celsius. BENEFITS: An expanded Li-ion cell technology base with respect to enhanced energy and rate capabilities, in general, and operability over the entire military temperature range, in particular, will help push the Li-ion rechargeable batteries toward wide dual (military and commercial) market acceptance. All types of portable devices and equipments, wireless communication devices, are key commercial applications. Soft packaging (pouch) cell technology will provide significant market dimension, commercially and militarily. |
| COGENTEX, INC.
Village Green, Suite2, Hanshaw Road Ithaca, NY 14850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(607) 266-0363
Michael White ARMY 98-012 |
| Title: | Translingual Information Access |
| Abstract: | During missions, Army personnel are confronted with a large number of foreign- language documents, only some of which may contain important information. Army personnel need to quickly assess in English the relevant contents of the document, so that further processing of the document (for example, by human translators) can be initiated as needed. We propose the new concept of Translingual Information Access (TransIA), which will provide an integrated use of portable information extraction (PIE), Translingual text generation (TTG), and incremental summarization (IS) technologies. The PIE component will be easily portable to new event types. The TTG component will provide summaries of the results of information extraction, using COTS machine translation for extracted phrases. The IS component will allow for incremental, query-sensitive summarization of the entire source text. Using these integrated TransIA technologies, Army personnel will be able to explore the document as needed and make an informed decision about further processing. BENEFITS: Translingual Information Access is an innovative concept that integrates emerging natural language processing technologies to address the problem of multilingual document triage. The approach represents a major advance over existing practice, and has the potential to support myriad military and commercial uses. |
| BUSEK CO, INC.
11 Tech Circle Natick, MA 01760 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 655-5565
B. Pote ARMY 98-013 |
| Title: | Ultra Compact Silicon Carbide Heat Exchanger |
| Abstract: | The objective of the proposed effort is to demonstrate the feasibility of manufacturing an ultra compact, silicon carbide heat exchanger for heat recovered gas turbine engines. The use of silicon carbide allows recuperator design temperatures of 1000-1200 degrees Celsius that capitalize on the inlet temperature capabilities of advance gas turbine designs. Higher thermal efficiency, improved fuel economy and greater power density are the benefits to be realized. In Phase I, Busek Co. Inc. and our development partner Allison Engineering Co. will evaluate candidate gas turbine applications and prepare a conceptual design of the heat exchanger that is amenable to direct reaction bonding of sintered alpha silicon carbide. We will prepare a number of material specimens and test modules that incorporate all the thermo-structural features or the prototype HEX to be designed and fabricated in Phase II. The test specimen properties will be evaluated in Phase I to demonstrate manufacturing feasibility. In Phase II Busek and Allison will design and fabricate a hybrid size prototype heat exchanger using manufacturing methods developed in the Phase I program. The recuperator will be tested in a test facility at Allison specifically designed for gas turbine heat exchanger evaluation. BENEFITS: Improved fuel economy, efficiency and low cost will allow gas turbines to be considered for prime movers, automotive and emerging hybrid vehicle applications. Outside gas turbine applications fabrication of SiC heat exchangers and structures have widespread power generation, chemical reformer and heat management applications. |
| ADVANCED NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS
3554 Mark Twain Court Hilliard, OH 43026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(614) 771-4861
Sandeep Vijayakar ARMY 98-014 |
| Title: | Multi-Body Dynamic Two Dimensional Contact Analysis Tool for Transmission Design |
| Abstract: | Advanced Numerical solutions has built a 2D multi-body dynamic contact analysis code capable of simultaneously modeling multiple gear meshes in transmissions. It uses many innovations to make this possible. A specially developed hierarchical solver is used to carry out implicit time integration in under 2- seconds per step for a model with 50,000 degrees for freedom. An efficient contact solver is used to solve the contact problem with multiple rigid body modes and friction in a fixed number of iterations. A special purpose programming language has been implemented to allow maximum flexibility in building complex transmission models. Preliminary tests on 2D model of a planetary system have shown that this computer program has sufficient speed to make dynamic analysis practical. It is now possible to predict vibration levels with sufficient precision to resolve the effects of tooth surface modifications. Bearing stiffness, rim geometry and other design considerations. The objective here is to verify the accuracy of the predictions made by the code. Comparisons with other methods like the boundary element method will be made. Noise and vibration comparisons will be made with experimental results available in the open literature.BENEFITS: The multi-body contract analysis tool will enable designers to improve predictions of noise and stress levels in complex geared transmissions. |
| B&C ENGINEERING ASSOC., INC.
411 Wolf Ledges Pkwy, Suite 104 Akron, OH 44311 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(330) 375-1632
Dennis Townsend ARMY 98-014 |
| Title: | The Development of a Unified Computer Code for Gear Transmission Design and Analysis |
| Abstract: | This proposal will develop a system to provide a complete gear transmission simulation code to be used by government, industries, academia and private individuals over the Internet. Gear transmission simulation software for spur, helical, star and multiple planetary systems will be developed and verified for various applications. The simulation code will include the effects of profile modification, tip relief, non-standard center distances, misalignment, variable lubricant properties, and tooth surface damage. The software capabilities will include large and small material deformations, transient gear tooth loading conditions and gear tooth stress analysis, transient and steady state dynamic analysis, gear mesh stiffness and damping, and condition-based gear tooth health monitoring. The objective of this proposal will be achieved by using an existing NASA funded gear analysis code (GEARDYNMULT) as the building block for the development of this software. The bearing software will be disseminated via the Internet. B&C Engineering Associates, Inc. (B&CEA) and Partners in Scientific Computing (PSCICO) are currently working together to develop a virtual library' of scientific codes which government, industry, academia and private individuals can utilize to perform research, verification and design in various areas of science and engineering. While the developed software will be executed in the BCEA workstation, only uploading and downloading capabilities are required from the user. The code will be accompanied by a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI) with pre- and post- processor capabilities, along with an extensive help and a tutorial section. Such collaboration will provide users with state of the art software and the facilities with which to learn and use the software at substantial savings to those users. BENEFITS: The generalized and integrated computer code for high speed and high load gear transmission systems will allow a onestop computational facility for analysis and design of a large variety of transmissions. The availability of the code usage over the Internet and requiring the end user to have upload and download facilities only, will create a low cost, high reliability commercial scientific source. The code should attract a large commercial base (big industry, mid-cap companies, and individual consultants) through its Internet availability, ease of use, fast learning curve, and cost per CPU unit. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Anatoly Vasiliev, Ph.D. ARMY 98-015 |
| Title: | Opto-Silicon Pseudo-Phase-Conjugate Wavefront Control |
| Abstract: | The U.S. Army Research Laboratory is seeking an innovative opto-silicon technology to support real-time parallel optical signal processing and wavefront control. The goal is to develop optoelectronic elements that link a high-resolution phase spatial light modulator (SLM) and an optically and electronically matched CCD photodetector array through a programmable digital interface, which implements adaptive and nonlinear wavefront correction and aberration-free imaging. Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes Opto-Silicon Pseudo-Phase-Conjugate (OSP2C) wavefront control technology capable of adaptive wavefront correction with high accuracy and wide dynamic range. In the OSP2C wavefront control device, a pseudo-phase conjugate corner-cube reflector array precisely couples optically matched SLM and CCD arrays. A commercial 256x256 CCD array with a 200 Hz frame rate and a fast ferroelectric liquid crystal SLM with 128 phase modulation levels (0 to 2) are used in a feedback active optical system that also includes a multi-chip module digital controller. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate feasibility by designing an adaptive wavefront control system with the necessary accuracy and dynamic range for image sharpness estimation and adaptive gradient descent optimization. BENEFITS: The OSP(2)C wavefront control technology constitutes a low-cost means to fast and reliable adaptive wavefront correction and aberration-free imaging. Applications include real-time small target tracking and recognition, adaptive binoculars and sniperscopes, reconnaissance imaging, military and industrial robots, recognition and identification systems for machine vision, free-space communication, and optical shop testing. |
| METROLASER, INC.
18010 Skypark Circle, Suite 100 Irvine, CA 92614 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 553-0688
Peter A. DeBarber, Ph.D. ARMY 98-017 |
| Title: | All-Optical Molecular Cryocooler |
| Abstract: | We propose the development of a novel, all-optical cooling device capable of reaching liquid nitrogen temperatures. The device can be readily adapted and retrofitted to existing infrared (JR) detectors. The cooling medium for our device is molecular-based and has inherent advantages over existing mechanical cryogenic coolers. The optical cooling effect is based on frequency up-conversion. Our innovative features include no moving parts operation at convenient laser wavelengths, inherent energy efficiency, solid state design, small size and weight, immunity from electromagnetic interferences, long operational lifetime, and inexpensive to manufacture. The Phase I program will theoretically and experimentally determine the feasibility of the concept. BENEFITS: Development of a device with far-reaching commercial application. The potential to make inexpensive, efficient cooling devices that are driven by lasers may revolutionize satellite, computer, and high temperature superconductor industries. The potential for commercially viable spin-off technologies such as solid-state blue lasers, self-regulating thermo-electrical components, and temperature sensors is high. |
| PETROLASER, INC.
300 Ntelshor-Suite 600 Las Cruces, NM 88011 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 522-5110
Allen R. Geiger ARMY 98-017 |
| Title: | Optical Cooling by means of Anti-Stokes Fluorescence in Molecular Systems |
| Abstract: | The possibility that materials may be cooled through the interaction of electro-magnetic radiation was recognized as early as 1929. Fluorescent cooling occurs when a material absorbs radiation at one wavelength and fluoresces at a shorter wavelength. This is known as anti-stokes fluorescence. The difference is photon energy is made up of energy removed from the upper state thermal bands. Thus the material cools. Anti-stokes fluorescent cooling in solids has been demonstrated by means of atomic anti-stokes fluorescence in Yb+3 doped glass. However molecular systems--could be much more efficient than atomic systems if problems with long spontaneous lifetimes can be overcome. This can be done by means of intramolecular conversion of tautomers or by near resonance coupling of paired molecular systems. Such molecular systems could be an order of magnitude more efficient than atomic systems and the working materials fabricated at low cost. BENEFITS: Development of optical cooling will allow non-refrigerant cooling of detectors and integrated circuits. |
| CHARGED INJECTION CORP.
Princeton Corporate Plaza, 11 Deer Park Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 274-1470
Arnold J. Kelly ARMY 98-018 |
| Title: | Micro Burner Spray Triode Atomizer Controller Development |
| Abstract: | SPRAY TRIODE electrostatic fuel atomizers are ideally suited for use in portable power systems. Spray droplet formation and dispersion being purely electrical in nature is achieved at low fuel pressures (>= 1/2 atmosphere). Auxiliary air or mechanical assistance is not needed. Moreover, these firefly sized atomizers typically require a few milliwatts to blue flame logistics fuels. However, to do so requires operation close to the maximum voltage defined by electrical breakdown wherein utter disruption of spray development and dispersion occurs. A means for circumventing breakdown and permitting stable, autonomous and optimal spray development under all operating conditions is proposed. Detailed knowledge of the breakdown process permits the design of a feed back control system that maintains operating voltage close to, but never exceeding the breakdown limit. A key element of this compact, low power and cost effective control system is an agile DC-DC converter whose high voltage (~5 kV) output faithfully mimics the low voltage (~5 V) controller manipulated input on a kHz basis. When implemented, SPRAY TRIODE electrostatic atomizer operation will be Transparent insofar as the nozzle will operate optimally with all fuels and valve settings. BENEFITS: The controller represents enabling technology for the introduction of electrostatic fuel preparation for carbureted, manifold and direct injected gas and diesel IC and gas turbine engines, heaters, boilers, cook stoves. |
| MESOSCOPIC DEVICES, LLC
1921 N. Road 80 Pasco, WA 99301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(509) 545-4425
Dr. Jerry L. Martin ARMY 98-018 |
| Title: | Composite Fueling System for Miniature Combustion Power Sources |
| Abstract: | The need for improved portable electric power sources in the modern army is acute. Increasing use of electronic sensors and other electrical equipment in the military demands improved power sources. Many miniature portable power sources have shown great promise for reducing weight by utilizing the high power density of liquid fuels (75 times higher than batteries). However, the support equipment for these power systems, including the fuel delivery system, is not available at the sizes required to match the small size of the power converters. We propose to develop a complete fueling system for miniature power systems. The proposed fueling system will include a fuel pump and an adjustable, self-cleaning nozzle integrated with an electrostatic atomizer. The proposed pump will provide a factor of six reduction in weight relative to the nearest available commercial pump. The adjustable, self-cleaning nozzle will allow the use of smaller pumps and will enable a larger turn-down range than are currently possible. In Phase I, we will demonstrate a pump mechanism and an adjustable, self-cleaning nozzle mechanism. BENEFITS: The benefit to the Army and DoD is a lighter, smaller fuel system for miniature power sources. Commercial applications include miniature power systems for DoD, as well as pumps for medical and automotive applications. |
| PHOENIX ANALYSIS & DESIGN TECHNOLOGIES
1465 N. Fiesta Blvd, Suite 107 Gilbert, AZ 85233 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(602) 813-4884
Dr. Mark C. Johnson ARMY 98-018 |
| Title: | Miniature Air Handling System for Portable Fuel Cell Power Supplies |
| Abstract: | This project proposes the development of a low cost, ultra efficient, miniature, air handling system for portable fuel cell power supplies. The project will result in a low volume, low cost production system which employs advanced techniques (stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, layered object manufacturing, etc.) to rapidly make custom air handlers. The proposed air handler employs a sliding vane compressor (before fuel cell) coupled to a sliding vane expander (after fuel cell) thus providing very efficient, noiseless operation. A concept compressor/expander was sized for a 100-Watt power supply. The concept design provides .2 SCFM of air at a pressure ratio of 3.0 and only consumes 7.8 Watts while occupying 2 cubic inches of volume. A system analysis showed that the hydrogen storage tank comprised - 70% of total system weight (based on a 10 hour mission). Thus, compressor and fuel cell efficiencies play a critical role in keeping system weight down. The analysis showed system weight is minimized at a pressure ratio of ~3.0 (since higher pressure boosts fuel cell efficiency) and that the proposed expander reduced system weight by 15% (by reducing required compressor power). The concept minimizes noise by matching (with adjustments for losses) compressor and expander pressure ratios and massflows, thus eliminating sudden expansions that produce noise. BENEFITS: This work will result in an Army vendor, which can rapidly deliver low volume production runs of custom air handlers. Other applications include: medical systems, space power systems, larger fuel cell systems, and miniature mass spectrometers |
| MATERIALS & ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
7960 S. Kolb Road Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 574-1980
Dr. Jared Sommer ARMY 98-019 |
| Title: | Diamond-Like Carbon Dielectric Films for Electronic Applications |
| Abstract: | Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films are attractive electronic packaging materials because they offer a unique combination of high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion, and a high dielectric constant. Diamond layers have been deposited by various physical and chemical vapor deposition methods that require expensive equipment and high processing temperatures. This proposal introduces a novel method to deposit diamond-like carbon films using a low-cost electrochemical process. The ambient temperature process will produce nanocrystalline or amorphous DLC films on a wide variety of substrates without damaging the substrate material or introducing high thermal mismatch stresses. Various chemical precursors and experimental conditions will be investigated in Phase I. The deposited DLC film will be characterized by x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The resulting DLC films will be exhibiting a high degree of sp3 carbon bonding and very high electrical resistance. BENEFITS: The development of low-cost diamond films will substantially increase the commercial market. The proposed fabrication process may potentially be used to produce low cost diamond abrasives, electric field emitters, and wear-resistant surfaces. |
| NANOMATERIALS RESEARCH CORP.
2620 Trade Center Ave. Longmont, CO 80503 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 702-1672
Dmitri Routkevitch, Ph.D. ARMY 98-019 |
| Title: | Electrodeposited Quantum Arrays for Radiation Detectors |
| Abstract: | The proposed effort seeks to develop a technology for manufacturing radiation detectors from semiconductor quantum wire arrays. The approach is based on low cost non-aqueous electrodeposition into self-organized nanotemplates, followed by the incorporation of the array into micromachined detector. Dimensional precision at the nanometer scale of these materials ensures ultraprecision of parameters, as well as confinement of the electrical and electronic properties of these materials, which, in part, enables performance in high frequency range, and can overcome well known limitations of conventional II-VI sensors. The Phase I will demonstrate the proof-of-concept. Phase 11 will optimize the technology, build and test quantum array radiation detector prototypes. Phase III will commercialize the technology. BENEFITS: Proposed quantum array material can potentially enable new levels of performance and functionality of radiation detectors. Potential applications include light meters, smoke detectors, intruder alarms, street lighting switches, and other optoelectronic devices. The effort will also provide a foundation for a new generation of radiation detectors from -radiation to IR. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Applied Technology Division, 20600 Grame Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-1416
Wei Qiu, Ph.D. ARMY 98-020 |
| Title: | Gallium Nitride-Based Modulator Integrated Visible Light Source |
| Abstract: | The U. S. Army Research Office (ARO) is seeking short wavelength integrated optics components. In response, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes a Gallium Nitride Electroabsorption (GNE) solution. This new approach will integrate into a single wafer: 1) multi-quantum wells; 2) blue-green light sources; and, 3) an Electroabsorption modulator; all using GaN thin film. The results will be fully integrated, and the techniques used will be applicable to producing other short wavelength integrated optical components. Several other unique features will be included in this modulator-integrated visible light source. Electroabsorption effects will be used, for the first time, as a modulator, using gallium nitride (GaN) based quantum well material. Additionally, POC's technology for detuning the Electroabsorption effects will also be used to simplify fabrication processes. POC believes that this innovative device will provide a compact, lightweight, reliable, robust and high luminescence modulator-integrated, green-blue light source. The technology also has the potential to spawn more complicated short wavelength integrated optical devices. Phase I will deliver a prototype, fabricated on III-V nitride compound semiconductor materials, complete with initial testing to demonstrate feasibility. Phase II efforts will focus on optimization, to produce a practical, commercially-oriented prototype. BENEFITS: This project will develop a compact, low-cost, reliable, modulator-integrated visible light source for multiple military and civilian uses: high performance, full color displays, optical data storage, biological/chemical reagent identification, image projection video systems, color laser printers, and replacements for conventional lamps, such as traffic lights. |
| SY TECHNOLOGY, INC.
654 Discovery Dr Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 859-1886
John R. Karpinsky ARMY 98-021 |
| Title: | Phase Tunable Spatial Light Modulator |
| Abstract: | There is a need for Spatial Light Modulators (SLM)'s that have a few nanometers phase resolution' have > 128X128 pixels, are fast (>500 Hz), have at least 2-pi range of modulation, and have continuous phase capability. Devices of this type would have applications in the areas of displays, simulators, photolithography, optical interconnects, wave front cameras, adaptive optics systems, telecommunications, and noninvasive medical procedures. In order to meet this need, we will develop a 128 by 128 element SLM that meets the above requirements using micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology. The SLM will be an array of micromirrors, which move vertically in response to an electronic signal, and change the phase of light. It is development will be accomplished by first, during Phase 1, developing the components that will be needed to fabricate the device. These components are an electronic multiplexer capable of addressing the pixels and a pixel that is small enough that a 128 by 128 array is feasible to manufacture. Then, during Phase 1 Option, we will fabricate the first prototype. During Phase 2, and Phase 3, we will test the prototype, refine the design, and start applying the device to solve problems for some of the applications identified above. BENEFITS: A large array of SLM's integrated with electronics and optics on chip can perform many system functions such as image signal processing, optical computing such as correlation, holographic displays, and adaptive programmable optical interconnects. This device will be ideal for these applications. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 Turnpike Road Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Joseph M. Kunze, Ph.D. ARMY 98-022 |
| Title: | Nanoparticulate Reinforced Aluminum Components Produced by High Strain-Rate Superplastic Forming |
| Abstract: | Triton Systems Inc. proposes to use a high strain-rate superplastic forming (HSR-SPF) technology to fabricate complex shaped Nanoparticulate discontinuously reinforced aluminum (DRA) components. Nanoparticulate DRA offers the strength and stiffness advantages of conventional DRA, which is reinforced with micron scale particles, but has the added advantages of HSR-SPF formability without cavitation and ease of machining using conventional tooling. The proposed innovative manufacturing technology for producing Nanoparticulate DRA components using high strain-rate superplastic forming will, for the first time, will make SPF components, both Nanoparticulate DRA and unreinforced aluminum, cost competitive. It will enable entry of SPF technology into a number of new industries such as the automotive sector. The proposed Phase I program will develop the process technology and refine the materials required to achieve the necessary form, fit and function of the component. A first generation version of the selected component will be fabricated for bench testing. In Phase 11, a full-scale component will be fabricated and tested. BENEFITS: The proposed technology will enable the cost effective entry of high specific strength and stiffness metal matrix composites into large commercial markets. In addition to DoD system components, potential applications include parts for the automotive industry, commercial gas turbine engines, and high-end recreational sporting goods. |
| HYPER-THERM HIGH-TEMPERATURE COMPOSITES
18411 Gothard Street, Unit B Huntington Beach, CA 92648 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 375-4085
Robert J. Shinavski, Ph.D ARMY 98-023 |
| Title: | Enhanced Strength, Nanolayered SiC for Micro-Gas Turbine Portable Power Generation |
| Abstract: | Micro-gas turbine devices may offer the potential for power densities equivalent to today's large-scale power generation in small man-portable units. Successful implementation of such devices is dependent on the development of a refractory material capable of operating at high temperatures and extremely high stress levels. Semiconductor micro-fabrication techniques combined with chemical vapor deposited (CVD) silicon carbide process technology is being explored for producing MEMS-type turbine rotors. The fabrication of relatively thick (100-500 micron) devices is currently limited by the strength, residual stresses, and inadequate conformal coverage that is attributable to the columnar grain growth of thick vapor-deposited SiC. This Phase I program proposes to solve these limitations by producing a Nanolayered CVD SiC. Nanolayering of the CVD SiC structure is expected to result in enhanced strengths due to reduced grain size. The reduced grain size is critical as feature dimensions in potential high temperature MEMS decrease in scale. Nanolayering of CVD structures has also been demonstrated to improve surface replication as compared to the conventional, monolithic CVD material due to the elimination of columnar grain growth. This program will fabricate nanolayered CVD SiC materials and compare the microstructural and mechanical behavior of these materials to conventional CVD SiC. BENEFITS: Nanostructured ceramic materials IS an emerging class or materials that may be the enabling technology for the fabrication of refractory MEMS devices such as the micro-gas turbine or other high temperature, wear resistant MEMS (i.e. bearings, sensors, actuators). Potential applications include high temperature, corrosion/erosion resistant coatings, high strength oxidation protective coatings, ultra-hard cutting tool materials and coatings. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Avenue Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 622-5533
Walter X. Zukas ARMY 98-024 |
| Title: | Nanofiber Processing Developmental Facility for Soldier Protection |
| Abstract: | Nanofibers have found a market in filter applications because of their high surface area and ability to effect a large pressure drop over a small thickness. Although their use in filter applications is known, methods to produce large quantities of nanofiber sheets are kept as trade secrets, limiting the progression of this technology into other application areas of interest to the Army. This proposal seeks to address technical issues which limit the production of nanofibers at a large scale and produce quipment for scale-up fabrication. BENEFITS: Improved availability of nanofiber mats will spur product related application research. Potential applications which may benefit are filtration, catalyst supports, biological coatings, and reinforcements for composites. |
| BUSTEK CO., INC.
11 Tech circle Natick, MA 01760 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 655-5565
David Carnahan ARMY 98-025 |
| Title: | Micro-Plasma Torch for Ceramic Direct Writing |
| Abstract: | There are no rapid prototyping methods that can directly create sintered ceramic or refractory metal components. Busek proposes to develop a micro sized plasma torch system to facilitate the direct writing/sintering of refractory components. The potential advantages of this technique are clear; the part is ready for use upon release from the build, there is no post-processing step, where a part may shrink or distort. For this and other reasons, a micro-plasma torch prototyping technique can show distinct advantages over laser sintering and other competing three-dimensional printing processes. The goal of the proposed program is to develop a miniaturized, high power density plasma micro-torch system for application to direct writing of high melting point (>2000 degrees Celsius) components. The micro torch will be demonstrated using silicon and hafnium carbide powders. In Phase I, Busek will produce a micro scale plasma torch and test its ability to fabricate simple objects. In continued work, the torch will be incorporated into a low cost system using commercially available stages and drivers. BENEFITS: Busek's plasma torch direct writing sintering technology has the potential to form dense parts and functionally gradient components directly from powders. This process is ideal for prototyping of high temperature ceramic and refractory metal parts. A system based on this micro-torch will be immediately useful to ceramic manufacturers. |
| TDA RESEARCH, INC.
12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 940-2319
Jack D.Sibold ARMY 98-025 |
| Title: | Desktop Manufacturing of Refractory Ceramics |
| Abstract: | A method is proposed for production of high density, refractory ceramic materials using Selective Laser Sintering (SLS). Conventional methods of solid freeform fabrication have been used to produce ceramic materials, but it is difficult to make a material that sinters to its full density without deformation due to shrinkage. SLS is useful in producing intricate parts while overcoming these problems, but because of the low packing density of the powder beds being sintered, a porous ceramic results. By using a green material in the SLS, process with a higher packing density, an improved ceramic material will be obtained. Zirconia promises to be a good material for fabrication of parts that require erosion and corrosion resistance, high stiffness and deformation resistance such as diesel engine parts. However, it is very difficult to produce the fine structure necessary in these parts by traditional ceramic processing. TDA will team with a large ceramics manufacturer to produce a fabrication method using SLS to sinter a high density zirconia medium to produce a refractory ceramic part for a diesel engine from a CAD model. This method will be applicable to the production of parts from other materials with minimal equipment and design changes. BENEFITS: The SLS method developed in this work will produce intricate parts from high density refractory ceramics in a short time without part specific tooling. Commercial applications include production of parts for diesel engines and other complex erosion resistant components that are difficult to make with conventional ceramic Processing. |
| LOS GATOS RESEARCH, INC.
67 East Evelyn Ave, Suite 3 Mountain View, CA 94041 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 965-7772
Dr. James J. Scherer ARMY 98-027 |
| Title: | Real-Time Ultrasensitive Spectrometer for Plasma Diagnostic |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I proposal seeks to develop a new, real-time, ultrasensitive technology for plasma diagnostics. Los Gatos Research proposes to assess the feasibility of developing turn-key, portable Systems based on this new, noninvasive spectroscopic-based technology across a wide range of spectral regions. To date, we have demonstrated the approach in the visible spectral region in a series of proof-of-principle experiments. During the Phase I effort, we will quantify the ability to extend the technology from the UV to the infrared, as well as demonstrate the method in a plasma environment. The feasibility studies will identify components for the construction of a portable system in Phase II, based on targeted chemical species or spectral regions. The Phase I and II research will facilitate the development of a commercial, portable, and highly sensitive analytical instrument, which is capable determining concentrations into the sub part-per-trillion regime. BENEFITS: The commercial potential for analytical instrumentation based on the new technology described in this proposal is extremely broad and significant. Applications include the real-time monitoring of chemical species, such as pollutants and biological or chemical warfare agents, or the detection of reactive chemical intermediates in transient environments. |
| MATERIALS RESEARCH SOURCE LLC
2895 Butter Creek Drive Pasadena, CA 91107 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 442-0067
H. P.Gillis ARMY 98-028 |
| Title: | Quantum Dot Array Formation through Biomolecular Nanopatterning |
| Abstract: | This project will demonstrate the feasibility of forming precisely ordered and precisely located arrays of compound semiconductor quantum dots by first etching into the substrate an ordered array of boles with diameters comparable to the size of the quantum dots Sought and then depositing adatoms to fore one quantum dot in each hole by self-assembly. The methods to be used are extensions of precarious successful growth of ordered arrays of metal quantum dots by the authors. The periodic array of nanometer-sized holes until be defined by a biomolecular mask, and wi11 be transferred into the Si(100) substrate by Low Energy Electron Enhanced Etching (LE4) with no etch damage to the substrate. GaAs quantum tote will be grown in the etched holes by Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE). The effectiveness of clean H-terminated Si nanopatterned surfaces and of oxidized Si nanopatterned surface in producing GaAs quantum dots will be compared. The presence of quantum dot will be verified with Atomic Force Microscopy (AFT) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEA) in both plan and cross-section views. BENEFITS: This work will enable growth of compound semiconductor quantum dots without reliance and high-strain heteroepitaxial methods. Since this work achieves massively parallel processing in was' definition, etching. And quantum dot formation, it will enable routine manufacturing of dot arrays applicable to optical designs and single electron devices. |
| NSE COMPOSITES STRESS SERVICES
927 N. Northlake Way, Suite 301 Seattle, WA 98103 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 545-4888
Hui Bau ARMY 98-029 |
| Title: | Fatigue Life Modeling of Composite Bonded Joints in Rotorcraft Structures |
| Abstract: | The rotorcraft industry lacks a validated analysis tool that would enable designers to use composite bonded joints in primary structures. The overall goal of this program is to develop such a tool by combining state-of-the-art analysis methods with an extensive test database in order to generate certifiable strength and fatigue life predictions of rotorcraft joint configurations and loading conditions. For Phase I and Phase I Option, NSE Composites Stress Services (NSE) is teamed with members of the rotorcraft industry (Bell, Boeing Helicopter, and Sikorsky) to identify candidate joints that have potentially high payoff as bonded joint redesigns. NSE and its research consultants will conduct state- of-the-art strength and fatigue analyses on selected configurations. NSE's hybrid analytical approach is based on a strength-of-materials approach to determine damage initiation, and a fracture mechanics approach to assess damage progression. Accumulation of damage due to fatigue spectra will also be predicted. The Phase I and Phase I Option results will be: a detailed definition of candidate joints, a preliminary evaluation of the selected analytical approach, a preliminary Phase II test matrix, and a flowchart of the software to be developed in Phase II. BENEFITS: The benefit of a validated analysis tool for composite bonded joints is higher efficiency, lower cost composite structural designs. The initial commercialization will be aimed at the rotorcraft industry. As the analytical approaches are validated over a wider range of configurations, the tool will have general aerospace application. |
| AMERICAN GNC CORP.
9131 Mason Ave. Chatsworth, CA 91311 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 407-0092
Ching-Fang Lin, Ph.D. ARMY 98-030 |
| Title: | Autonomous Multi-Mode Collision Avoidance System Using EO/GPS/MEMS-IMU for UAVs |
| Abstract: | This Phase I project develops an innovative Autonomous Multi-Mode Collision Avoidance System for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) operating as teams with manned airborne Systems in the same general airspace. The proposed approach uses a passive mode and a Low Probability of Intercept mode for measuring the range of the object for the collision avoidance system. An integrated Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver MEMS-IMU(Micro-Electronic-Mechanical-System, Inertial Measurement Unit) navigation system is used to provide the UAV position. The passive mode for measuring the range to the object employs passive Electro-Optic image sensor such as a TV camera and an infrared sensor and corresponding algorithms. The innovative Low Probability of Intercept relative positioning technology using a GPS carrier is developed to achieve a Low Probability of Intercept collision avoidance system. An Intelligent Collision Avoidance Agent is responsible for collision detection, prediction and decision making, avoidance abort trajectory generation, and a command output for a reconfigurable UAV flight control system. BENEFITS: This project will lead to a passive/low probability of intercept collision avoidance and Airspace Deconfliction system, which has several commercial applications including Air Traffic Management (ATM), smart vehicles, intelligent transportation systems, and passive target tracking. |
| APPLIED AERO, LLC
48365 Avalon Heights Terrace Fremont, CA 34539 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 668-1919
James C. Wu ARMY 98-031 |
| Title: | rotocraft Ground Noise Exposure Prediction System Using Neural Networks |
| Abstract: | The objective of Phase I is to develop and demonstrate a neural networks system to predict, map, and interpolate rotorcraft ground noise exposure data. It is well-known that the relationships between ground noise exposures. Helicopter flight paths and operation conditions are extremely complicated and involved with many parameters, such as type of helicopters, power setting, approach path, and meteorological conditions. The formulation of such a function relationship with neural networks using experimental data seems the only viable approach. A neural network system, which is based on some existing data under theoretical guidance, will be designed and implemented, and be used to demonstrate the feasibility of the selected neural network algorithms. With the prediction system developed in Phase I, a prototype system will be designed and constructed in Phase II for a helicopter cockpit to display acoustic noise characteristics, noise level variability of different flight operation conditions, including various meteorological environments. The definition of Phase II will be formulate in Phase I in order to accomplish the implementation of prototype system under various flight test-conditions on a real-time base.BENEFITS: The rotorcraft ground noise exposure can be predicted by the newly developed system on a real-time base. In military application, the prototype system in the helicopter cockpit can guide a pilot to maneuver the vehicle to avoid potential threats in a hostile environment. In civil application, inner-city operations, police activities, and emergency operations will benefit from the technology in the approach terminal area. |
| SWB TURBINES, INC.
2418 Industrial Dr, Unit F Neenah, WI 54956 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(920) 725-3721
Gregory W. Heinen ARMY 98-032 |
| Title: | Light Weight Micro Turboprop Enigne for Outrider |
| Abstract: | UAV Micro-turbine technology recently patented by SWB Turbines and
implemented in precious flight-weight turbojet engines at SWB Turbines
is adapted for use in turboprop configuration. A centrifugal compressor
and radial-inflow turbine provide the core to a turboprop engine,
With components derived from low-cost ( |
| ELECTRO-RADIATION, INC.
39 Plymouth Street Fairfield, NJ 07004 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(973) 808-9033
Murry W. Rosen ARMY 98-033 |
| Title: | Enhanced A/J Performance GPS FRPA Antenna and Electronics |
| Abstract: | The Phase 1 project examines the concept of low-cost and low RCS GPS protection capability for advanced rotary wing aircraft using an L1/L2 antenna retrofit. The project examines the tail stabilizer GPS antenna installation of the Comanche RAH-66 and forward antenna location for factors including: installation detail, signature, GPS coverage, blockage/masking, and onboard interference. The project employs ERI's patented single aperture, COTS A/J technology. The project examines alternate antennas (i.e., cross-slot cavity backed in turnstile and square box arrangements and patches) to optimize GPS and A/J performance. The project examines active antenna arrangements with electronics at the antenna and in the E-bay near the receiver. The objective is to provide a retrofit solution that has low acquisition and installation cost. The Phase 1 Option addresses partitioning and package trades for electronics between E-bay and aperture locations. Phase 2 develops and tests a prototype L1/L2 antenna for the RAH-66 consisting of an active antenna with modified COTS electronics for demonstration. Phase 2 builds, modifies and integrates the anti-jam system on an airframe with the existing GPS receiver, and supports test planning and demonstration that scopes anti-jam performance and signature impact. BENEFITS: The program develops a low-RCS, robust active antenna and electronics concept for GPS protection. Phase 1 conducts essential research, determines the scope of performance and cost associated with the end item, while utilizing RAH-66, CNI/ASE aperture experience. |
| HYPRES, INC.
175 Clearbrook Road Elmsford, NY 10523 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(914) 592-1190
Dr. David Osterman ARMY 98-034 |
| Title: | Two-Dimensional Staring Arrays for Low-Cost Passive Millimeter-Wave Imaging |
| Abstract: | HYPRES proposes to develop a novel passive, millimeter-wave imager (PMWI) of much lower cost than competing types. The PN1WI will employ a staring array of micromachined detectors, each coupled to its own thin-film antenna and feedhorn. Until the present, the sensitivity of such a scheme has not beau adequate for passive imaging. Recent advances in micromachined arrays for the infrared, however, can also be adapted to millimeter-wave imaging, raising the sensitivity to the necessary levels. The resulting P5IWI system will feature complete integration on a single chip of detectors, antennas, feedhorns and CMOS readout circuitry. The advantages of this approach include high reliability, low fabrication COST, small system size, and the elimination of scanning by the use of a full two-dimensional staring geometry. In Phase I HYPRES will design and fabricate a full two-dimensional array with off-chip read-out of a single line of detectors. In Phase 0, an integrated on-chip CMOS read-out of the entire array will be developed. BENEFITS: The passive millimeter-wave imager will find application in airport security systems, imagers for locating forest fires through dense smoke, and navigation aids for planes and boats in foggy environments. The low cost and small size of the imager will make it attractive for a wide range of military and commercial customers. |
| MILLIVISION, LLC
29 Industrial Drive East Northhampton, MA 01060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(413) 582-9600
J. Jeffrey Hunter ARMY 98-034 |
| Title: | Millimeter Wave Hand Held Concealed Object Imager |
| Abstract: | Millivision LLC proposes to develop a low cost, portable, passive millimeter wave device for concealed object detection. The device will be hand-held and will provide the operator with a view of objects, independent of their composition, concealed under or behind a variety of obscuring materials. The device will be operated by scanning the area of interest, much in the same way as a flashlight is used to examine a darkened area. The Phase I effort will concentrate on determining the feasibility, performance, and configuration of the system. The effort will include an analysis of approaches that provide an acceptable field of view, frame rate, and signal to noise ratio, while keeping the system light and small enough to be hand-held and inexpensive enough to be appealing to a wide range of markets. This analysis will be supported by software simulation of specific parts of the system behavior, to provide a rapid and accurate appreciation of the impact of the tradeoffs we consider. The Phase I effort will culminate in the production of a system design and a report on expected system performance, including an estimate of production costs. Based upon the design, effort under the Phase I Option will initiate the construction of the sensor sub-system of the device, which will allow for early experimental validation of system performance. BENEFITS: The proposed device would be useful to military personnel and civilian police in situations requiring screening for concealed weapons, explosives, or contraband. Uses include identification and location of items concealed on the person, in walls, or under certain types of ground cover. |
| COMMONWEALTH COMPUTER RESEARCH, INC.
1936 Arlington Blvd., Suite 113 Charlottesville, VA 22903 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(804) 977-0600
Donald E. Brown ARMY 98-035 |
| Title: | Fast Propagation Algorithms to Support Real-Time RF Visualization |
| Abstract: | The ability to quickly and accurately determine effective deployment locations for radio frequency sensors or jammers is an essential element in today's highly mobile and fast-paced battlefield. Further, tools that help visualize radio coverage characteristics over a given geographic area would enable the battlefield commander to evaluate placement trade-offs without the time and expense of physically moving assets around in the field. In order for such tools to be useful, the underlying software used to model radio wave propagation must be accurate and fast. We propose to develop propagation algorithms that will provide the same accuracy as models currently used by several Army systems, but that will run fast enough to support near-real-time applications. Our proposed approach is two-fold. First, we will analyze the computational complexity of existing Army models in order to identify and improve performance problem areas. Second, we will conduct performance versus accuracy trade-off studies on a variety of other pathless algorithms. This approach will allow us to address whether more efficient calculation techniques exist and if these techniques can be used in place of existing models. The end result of our research will be a software prototype of performance-enhanced RF propagation algorithms. BENEFITS: Many industries, beyond the military, will benefit from the ability to visually analyze RF propagation in near real-time. Specific applications where the proposed effort has immediate commercial applicability range from cellular and pager networks to RF identification and tagging systems. |
| PLANNING SYSTEMS, INC.
7923 Jones Branch Dr. McLean, VA 22102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 448-4215
Pierre Lallement ARMY 98-035 |
| Title: | Near Real Time Visualization of RF Terrain Model |
| Abstract: | The increasingly demanding decision timeline thrust upon the battlefield commander regarding electronic warfare (EW) assets demands correspondingly responsive EW decision support tools. The rapid deployment and quick response of EW assets in today's high mobility battlefield requires a significant advancement in the responsiveness of the COMINT/SIGINT planning tool which will be locally available at the field command. Planning Systems, Inc. (PSI) proposes an innovative approach which provides a significant step forward to providing timely EW analysis data which meets the rigorous decision support timeline of the battlefield command. In Phase I, with the support of our expertly qualified subcontractor, the Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (IITRI), we will develop a computationally efficient Mission-Intelligent RF Model. In Phase 2, we will apply PSI's extensive background in simulation, real time system development and user interface functional modules that comprise the AMBISS Mission Planner. The resultant capability will yield a EW Mission Planner that is unmatched in capability, speed, and effectiveness for the battlefield command. This approach can be applied to decision support systems in joint services, law enforcement, and commercial industry. BENEFITS: The work will result in an Advanced Electronic Warfare Mission Planner that will provide a near real-time analysis tool for application in a rapidly changing complex operational environment. |
| INDIGO SYSTEMS CORP.
5385 Hollister Ave #103 Santa Barbara, CA 93111 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 964-9797
Jeffrey Heath ARMY 98-036 |
| Title: | Unattended Miniature Sensors |
| Abstract: | Recent advances in the development of small very low-power infrared sensors (i.e. the UL3 camera developed by Indigo Systems Corporation) are having a growing impact on area surveillance and protection strategies for military and commercial users. It is now realizable for these micro-sensors to be used in a widely distributed network for providing contiguous day/night visual surveillance of very large areas. Highly optimized systems will most likely involve the integration of extremely low-power acoustic, seismic, and/or passive IR motion sensors as trigger mechanisms for imaging components in the surveillance network. Additionally, the imaging components themselves may employ extreme low-power modes involving reduced frame rates and on-board motion detection. The work completed under Phase I of this proposal will demonstrate the feasibility of such a system. A trade study will be performed to analyze the requirements of various surveillance scenarios. The results will be used to develop an appropriate system architecture and preliminary system design. In addition, a prototype UL3 infrared camera will be fabricated and tested as part of Phase I. The proposed Phase I Option is to fabricate the hardware demonstration system designed in Phase I. The UL3 camera will be integrated with a data compressor/decompressor (CODEC), spread-spectrum transmitter/receiver, and remote monitoring station. This system will demonstrate the compressed image quality and transmission performance of autonomous sensors developed in Phase II. During Phase II power reduction schemes, including motion detection within the imaging subsystems and integration of low-power queuing sensors will be implemented. UL3-based sensors will be integrated with selected power sources and triggering sensors suitable for long field life. Multiple sensor packages will be incorporated into a complete, fieldable wide area surveillance system. BENEFITS: Advances in networked interconnection, miniaturization, ruggedization, and power reduction of unattended sensors accomplished under this program will directly apply to a broad range of military, pare-military, and commercial markets including ground-based and hand-held surveillance, process monitoring, and fire fighting. |
| INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONIC MACHINES CORP.
60 Fourth Ave. Albany, NY 12202 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 449-5504
Zack Mian ARMY 98-036 |
| Title: | Miniature Wireless IR and Acoustic Sensor |
| Abstract: | IEM, with assistance from its subcontractors, Infrared Solutions, Inc. (ISI) / Honeywell Technology Center (HTC), proposes to design small IR sensor electronics to drive an uncooled bolometer array. The new IR sensor will be incorporated into a small IR and acoustic sensor capable of transmitting images via a secured wireless network. IEM will incorporate several innovations in the proposed effort: reduced size electronic packaging, smart acoustic sensor, secure wireless network, and innovative data compression. The innovative small sensor will operate off a small solar cell. The potential applications of this small sensor include remote security and surveillance. This effort will be led by Zack Mian from IEM and Dr. Paul Kruse at ISI. BENEFITS: Potential applications include anti-personnel land mines, monitor activity near large mines, perimeter surveillance of nuclear bases and other military resources and bases. Commercial applications include temporary remote security, and industrial quality control. |
| MORIAH TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
P.O. Box 9104 McLean, VA 22102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 506-9749
Edward E. Newsome ARMY 98-037 |
| Title: | Spectral Efficient OFDM-FH/SSMA Packet Radio System |
| Abstract: | The objective of this project is to devise an innovative frequency hopping spread spectrum digital packet radio modulation technology for transmitting high bit rate data using spectrally efficient information signals. The system introduces a number of innovations including: the use of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing as the baseband modulation strategy, single-sideband as the RF modulation strategy, and turbo trellis-coded modulation as the channel encoding forward error correction scheme. Orthogonal frequency hopping spread spectrum will be used to provide a multi-access strategy, secure communications, and high immunity to frequency selective multipath fading and interference. Communications, synchronization, and acquisition is acquired on a packet-by-packet basis. The proposed scheme encodes M-ary pilot-based synchronization information in parallel with the data in reserved frequency sub-channels. These pilots are the basis of channel estimation and equalization. The signal constellation is coherent quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), which enables the modulator to operate with spectrum efficiencies greater than 2 bits/sec/Hertz at nominal clock rates, minimal power consumption, and a low probability of error. Integrating the modulation concept with an advanced packet control scheme allows the allocation of bandwidth-on-demand which enables supplying programmable voice, graphical, audio, data, and video services. The objective of this packet radio technology is to permit operations in dynamic, interactive multi-band, multi-user, multi-access, and multi-services modes. BENEFITS: For military markets, the proposed technology is designed for Battlefield Information Transmission System (BITS) applications. In terms of private sector markets, the technology will be employed to develop wireless telecommunication systems in the U-NII and LMDS bands. Commercialization will occur through internal production and technology licensing agreements. |
| ANNTRON, INC.
1440 Willowbrook Dr. Boalsburg, PA 16827 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 235-1586
Scott Thompson ARMY 98-038 |
| Title: | Intelligent Access HUB Technology |
| Abstract: | An intelligent access hub concept for wireless wide area networks is described. This intelligent access hub network is a high capacity multimedia, rapidly deployable architecture which nominally supports 10 Mb/s data rates from the ATM backbone to each fixed or roaming information kiosd. The concept exploits smart directive antennas which emphasize signal reception form the desired ik and de-emphasize interference from other directions in process called spatial filtering. Spatial filtering may be used to resolve the signal from distinct Iks providing for spatial division multiple access. The fundamentallomitation to SDMA is Signal to Interference ratio. A unique solution to mitigate the SIR is proposed using a smart beamformer and adaptation of radio bridge protocols. Transmission in directive beams with minimum power provides inherent Anti-Jam and low probability of intercept properties. The design is cots richto reduce cost, Weight, and risk of the system. The architecture is realized itn the unlicensed national information infrastructure band for low cost, unlicensed implementation, but the concept is applicable to other frequency bands. The architecture has immense commercial appeal as a cost effective alternative to paying wireline leases for provision of wide area networks.BENEFITS: Wireless wans crate a new class of service for commercial data service providers. The wireless medium eliminate the dependence on the installed infrastructure and incumbent pricing. A wireless wan is rapidly deployable, scaleable and inexpensive relative to the public wireline infrastructure. |
| RADIX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
329 North Bernardo Avenue Mountain View, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 988-4707
Brian G. Agee, Ph.D. ARMY 98-038 |
| Title: | The Terrace Network for Low-Cost Broadband AJ/LPI Communication in the LMDS Band |
| Abstract: | The Backtalk airlink, developed for AJ/LPI communications in intraflight communication systems, is applied here to broadband multipoint data distribution in the U-NII and LMDS bands. The resultant airlink, referred to here as the Terrace system, employs a novel stacked-carrier multiple access (SCMA) communications format, blind adaptive reception, retrodirective transmission (smart airlines), (optional) smart antennas, and multihop network topologies to optimally exploit the spatial and spectral diversity present in Army communication networks. The resultant airlink can adaptively separate fixed and mobile in-cell nodes operating in the same frequency band, and can remove jamming encountered by the network during the reception process. Each Terrace node can also adaptively direct energy away from other Terrace nodes and jammers during transmission operations, allowing the network to continuously optimize its capacity and present minimal energy to other radios operating in the Terrace band. The airlink also incorporates simple means for removing features that could allow the link to be intercepted during the transmission process. The Phase I project will develop a Terrace concept, architecture, and rough cost estimate optimized for the LMDS band, and will validate performance using propagation data and testbeds provided by the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, a license holder in the LMDS band. BENEFITS: Potential near-term (LMDS) applications include broadband wireless backhaul systems; wireless enterprise networks and wireless local loops; broadband wireless ATM Internet access systems; and wireless LANs, PBXs, and corporate Intranets. Potential medium-to-long term applications (LMDS and non-LMDS band) include next-generation satellite communications systems; next-generation cellular mobility systems (IMT2000); true wireless Internet systems (amorphous wireless networks); and cordless and supercordless (tetherless) telephones. |
| VIASAT
2290 Cosmos court Calsbad, CA 92009 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 438-7210
Mark Johnson ARMY 98-039 |
| Title: | Direction-Finding for Second-Generation Mobile Cellular Radio / Personnel Communication Service |
| Abstract: | Mobile Cellular Radio (MCR) or Personal Communications Service (PCS) handsets that utilizes second-generation digital access schemes present a significant challenge to DF systems. Handsets utilize either Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) or Code Division Multiple Access (COMA) to communicate with the basestation. In both cases the networking complexity far exceeds that of first generation systems. Handset power control algorithms designed to extend battery life and minimize Co-Channel Interference (CCI) at the basestation result in low power transmissions and time varying handset output power. CCI is a significant challenge to overcome in successful DF exploitation of second generation MCR/PCS systems and is further exacerbated by multipath and dispersive channels that randomize the arrival times of CCI. A radical new approach to Direction Finding, applying Per Survivor Processing (PSP), offers the opportunity to achieve large performance improvements (e.g. interference rejection, rapid acquisition, multipath mitigation) over conventional techniques. PSP algorithms have been developed and simulated for MCR/PCS waveforms in dense urban environments. The focus of this proposed Phase I effort will be to develop an implementation capable of demonstrating the performance improvement of PSP applied to the mobile DF application. BENEFITS: The primary benefit of this multi-phased SBIR program is the implementation high-performance, robust and cost effective processing to determine the Angle-of-Bearing to MCR/PCS handsets. These capabilities have obvious extensions to other DoD services requiring low cost, high performance DF systems for digital signals. The benefits also extend to government and commercial entities that operate private communication networks and potentially to location applications for cellular 911 calls. |
| LNK CORP., INC.
6811 Kenilworth Ave, Suite 306 Riverdale, MD 20737 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 927-3223
Les Elkins ARMY 98-040 |
| Title: | Virtual Environments for Distributed Command and Control |
| Abstract: | Army Command and Control facilities need the ability to function more effectively, with smaller staffs spread over a geographically dispersed area. Their staff officers must fully comprehend a constantly changing environment, assessing the potential presence, magnitude, and intentions of threats. They must also constantly monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of their actions, reacting and re-planning missions when necessary. This project will create a distributed information visualization system that presents to the command post staff a single, unified view of the mission space. This will provide officers with a virtual environment that represents the real world, can be readily understood, requires little cognitive effort to interpret, and creates minimal distractions from the tactical situation. The visualization system will interact with a conventional C2 application, allowing users a view of the C2 application's representation of the world, and allowing staff to collaboratively work together during mission planning and execution. BENEFITS: Successful completion of this project will allow multiple users to effectively work together from different locations. Potential commercial applications of this technology include similar systems for architecture and engineering design teams, and emergency and disaster response. |
| SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CORP.
2300 Windy Ridge Parkway, Suite 400 Sout Atlanta, GA 30339 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 859-9161
Craig Newbold ARMY 98-041 |
| Title: | Hand Held Terminal for Battlefield Broadcast |
| Abstract: | Scientific Research Corporation (SRC) proposes to design and develop a handheld terminal that is easily carried and used by soldiers operating in view of an High Altitude Endurance (MAE) Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) such as the Global Hawk or DarkStar. Communications through the UAV relay will use a high-speed wireless data link with data rates at or above T-1. The wireless link will be LPI/LPD via the use of spread spectrum techniques. SRC's handheld terminal will have networking capabilities enabling it to receive broadcasts from remote stations via the UAV relay and the Airborne Communications Node (ACN) payload. Various types of data will be processed, similar in content and operation of the Internet and World Wide Web. Among the many possible data types, the hand-held terminal shall be capable of receiving high quality compressed video from the UAV, for immediate display or storage for later use. A reach-back link will be provided allowing the hand-held terminal to interact with the remote station or other hand-held terminals. SRC proposes that the reach-back link use variable data rates and adaptive transmit power to maximize operating time before battery replacement or recharge. As part of the ACN team, SRC can make the Hand-held Terminal for Battlefield Broadcast part of that program by offering the technology as part of a Royalty Free loan for proof of concept use. BENEFITS: A hand-held terminal capable of receiving broadcast messages including compressed video, graphics and other data from a UAV will significantly increase the military's battlefield awareness and reaction time. Commercial Applications include Medical Response Teams, Remotely Operated Vehicles, Remote Broadcast Television, Law Enforcement, Search and Rescue, and Industrial Security. |
| NOVA MANAGEMENT, INC.
400 Camino Aquajito Monterey, CA 93940 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 465-6173
Gerald L. McKindles ARMY 98-042 |
| Title: | Background Detection System |
| Abstract: | Conventional active or pensive tarot detection systems are based upon the ability of the system to discriminate ~ lariat from the background. The problem in detecting a moving target lies in the fact that sensed radiation, reflected or generated, by the object is very close to that of the target background. The interfering background masks the useful signal from the object. This problem arises also if there is no contrast between the object and background. Besides this passive noise, target detection is also degraded by active noise jamming of the detection system sensor. The project will focus on the adaptation of the Background Detection System (BDS) to passive sensors. It will develop architecture for the unique detection and prepare a demonstration of the methodology. The BDS employs an algorithm from Nickar, a Russian company formed from the Institute of Control Science (ICS) of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Nova Management, Inc. (Nova) will analyze several US detection Systems and develop interfaces between these system and the BDS algorithms. Nickar will be a subcontractor to Nova and assist in preparing laboratory demonstration of the system. The application of the BDS for this project is specifically directed to the integration of this method with passive sensors. These sensors detect radiation of a target end discriminate the target from the background. BENEFITS: The benefit of the project is to ensure that low signature vehicles are easily detected. The BDS methodology can be used in commercial application such as precision machining, the fishing industry, and in the analysis of organic cells. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Anatoly Vasiliev, Ph.D. ARMY 98-042 |
| Title: | Multispectral Data Fusion for Moving Target Detection |
| Abstract: | Day/night reconnaissance and surveillance are critical for military operations. Conventional airborne and ground sensor systems, use spatial information to detect and recognize targets. However, current automatic target detection techniques cannot readily find camouflaged or hidden targets. Furthermore, active Doppler detection cannot handle targets with zero or near-zero velocity. Multispectral and hyperspectral sensors can enhance target detection and recognition by increasing probability of detection and lowering false alarm rates for low signature moving targets. Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop an innovative multispectral moving target detection (M~D) system, which applies both spectral and spatial detection filters, and performs spatial-spectral data fusion, multispectral, hyperspectral, and spatial detection, and correlates movement measurement to precisely detect and locate targets. The goal of this Phase I project is to optimally combine results from spatially based detection with high-resolution fast spectral imaging and spectral-based discrimination techniques. The proposed spatial-spectral detection will combine POC's multi-sensor data fusion, correlation target tracking, and efficient linear and nonlinear spatial filtering for clutter reduction, detection, identification, and tracking of military targets. Phase I will identify and develop a system concept, and will select moving target detection and clutter reduction algorithms for application to current military surveillance systems. BENEFITS: By greatly improving probability of detection and clutter reduction, and reducing the false alarm rate, multispectrallhyperspectral data fusion will open a broad market for spatial-spectral automatic target recognition. Multi-sensor remote sensing will aid agriculture, geophysical surveying, and prospecting, pollution monitoring, reconnaissance, surveillance, and mine and explosives detection. |
| FED CORP.
1580 Route 52 Hopewell Junction, NY 12533 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(914) 892-1900
Oliver Prache ARMY 98-043 |
| Title: | Low Power analog Drive Amoled Miniature Display |
| Abstract: | FED Corporation proposes to demonstrate performance from an analog driven active matrix organic light emitting diode display, which exceeds requirements for a dismounted soldier head-mounted display system. The project would yield product design for the lowest power full performance display. The superior performance will be achieved by combining the display technology with the most promise (Organic Light Emitting Diode-OLED) and a well executed low power analog circuit technique into a single integrated active matrix display chip. Phase l accomplishments will include theoretical and empirical demonstration of the electro-optical performance of the analog drive approach and developing technical design documentation for Phase 2. Phase 2 would implement the Phase 1 design into a CMOS integrated display circuit and produce a prototype analog drive, SXGA, color OLED display directly compatible with an RS-170 input. BENEFITS: The development from this project will yield the technology and documentation for a miniature display product that will meet the currently unattainable requirements for Army HAD. Meeting these requirements will also yield product design applicable to higher volume industrial and consumer HAD systems which is key to product economics. |
| MICRONAV
32 Hemlock Terrace Wayne, NJ 07470 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(973) 696-2054
Bo Ljung ARMY 98-044 |
| Title: | Position Displacement Sensor |
| Abstract: | This proposed Phase I effort is directed towards development of a new speckle position displacement sensor to be used as a navigation sensor for military operations in an urban environment in areas where GPS signals are not available (e.g., buildings, tunnels, forested areas and high Electronic Counter Measure (ECM) environments). The proposed sensor would track the relative motion of a platform with respect to the ground. The proposed sensor is of a non-contact optical type, suitable for use by a dismounted soldier and/or a robotic system. A portable navigation platform would use two speckle position displacement sensors and a micromachined Coriolis gyro as an azimuth reference to measure the relative motion of the platform. In an alternate configuration, an additional speckle position displacement sensor can be utilized to provide the required azimuth reference. The new speckle position displacement sensor uses optical diffraction from an infrared diode laser to measure position and velocity. The new speckle position displacement sensor is based on an earlier precision non-contact velocimeter, which was developed under contract with U.S. Army Engineers Topographic Laboratories for application in precision land vehicle navigation in the Position and Azimuth Determining System (PADS). BENEFITS: Broad commercial applications are envisioned for navigation in situations where GPS is not available such as tunnels and underpasses. The high accuracy of the proposed system (0.02% rms) may open applications in manufacturing machines and gantry robots. |
| ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
P.O. Box 24344 Minneapolis, MN 55424 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(612) 935-2035
Siddharts S. Takkella ARMY 98-045 |
| Title: | Secure, Compressed Multimedia Data over Variable Bit Rate, ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) Algorithm |
| Abstract: | Multimedia applications will be a major part of the rework traffic in the next generation of high speed networks. The cornerstone for multimedia is Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATE, foreseen as the technology of the future Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (13-ISDN). Real-time multimedia, unlike traditional data transfer applications, have stringent simultaneous requirements in terms of loss and delay jitter. Traditional protocol layers do not have appropriate mechanisms to provide the required network quality of service for such VBR multimedia applications. This lack of functionality calls for the design of protocol layers to handle the stringent requirements of multimedia applications. Also, one of the major drawbacks of ATM technology today is its inability to support security. ATM will likely be used in the future for mission-critical information transfer, like financial transactions and military communications. Carrying such sensitive information will make ATM networks very lucrative to break into. To exploit its full potential, there is an urgent need to incorporate security features into ATM protocol layers. In this proposal, we analyze the requirements for transporting real-time multimedia traffic over ATM. ATM protocol layer functionality is designed based on these requirements. Also, threats to ATM are identified and different options to counter them are presented. BENEFITS: ATM is the leading networking technology of the future. Compressed voice and video, which is inherently statistical, will be transported as VBR traffic on ATM. This emerging ability will dramatically change the telecommunication industry resulting in substantial telecommunications cost savings. |
| VEXCEL CORP.
4909 Nautilus Court Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 583-0273
Carolyn P. Johnston ARMY 98-046 |
| Title: | An Efficient Object-Oriented System for Extracting Terrain Features from Contour Maps |
| Abstract: | Vexcel Corporation is proposing to build a complete object-oriented system which will interpret a contour map, in order to automatically extract features of interest in military tactical planning. One innovation in our approach to this problem over other highly successful approaches lies in our plan to extend the use of the contour tree approach to aid feature-identification tasks as well as point-based searches; we believe that a heuristic can be designed which relies heavily on the structure of the tree itself as a launch-point for feature identification algorithms. Other innovations lie in the addition of convex-hull algorithms to determine where concavities lie in contours (these are key for identifying important features such as canyons), and in our proposal of methods to handle serious interpretation problems which can arise as artifacts of the map boundary (such as mistaking canyons for depressions). Other techniques, such as contour decimation, are proposed in order to speed up more time-consuming processing tasks. Vexcel's unique contribution to this effort lies also in our understanding of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IFSAR) data, and in our experience with building commercially viable systems for processing and extracting map features from remotely sensed data. BENEFITS: Vexcel anticipates that the contour map reasoning module will provide an important add-on to at least two of our commercial image processing packages, enabling us to provide its users who also wish to utilize contour map data with the capability to utilize contour maps as well as remotely sensed data. |
| PARATEK, INC.
1202 Technology Dr., Suite C Aberdeen, MD 21001 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 273-9077
Steven Stowell ARMY 98-047 |
| Title: | High Performance Tunable Filter for the Elimination of Cosite Interference Using Novel Low Loss Ferroelectric Varactors |
| Abstract: | Development of an economical tunable high performance filter for high power RE' applications is particularly important for the elimination of cosite interference from clustered SINCGARS radio transmitters. Paratek's new low-loss voltage-tunable dielectrics made from ferroelectric materials offer an alternative to conventional diode varactor technology. Ferroelectrics show promise in superior RF power-handling capability, lower varactor power control requirements, and lower inter- modulation. Paratek proposes to design a multistage high performance pass band filter that will integrate with the SINCGARS radio system. The filter will consist of multi-stage inductor-capacitor (LC) units using specially designed varactors made from Paratek's new ferroelectric materials. As a proof of concept, high performance tunable filters will be constructed that function between 30 and 40 MHz. For Phase II, Paratek will work in conjuction with ITT to produce a tunable filter for the entire band of 30 to 88 MHz that can be integrated into SINCGARS. The result of these efforts will be (i) the construction of tunable filters with the background of design and materials data during Phase I (ii) the realization of a high-performance fully integrated mass-producible tunable filter for the elimination of cosite interference in SINCGARS radios during Phase II. BENEFITS: High performance tunable VHF/FM filters made with new, low loss ferroelectric materials will enable a host of new types of filters for a broad range of military and commercial uses. These materials will have several distinct economic and performance advantages over their diode counterparts. |
| WANG ELECTRO-OPTO CORP.
1335 Captial Circle Marietta, GA 30067 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 955-9311
Johnson J. H. Wang ARMY 98-048 |
| Title: | New Antenna Materials and Technologies |
| Abstract: | The U.S. Army has a need for the development of new antenna materials technologies that will extend the band coverage and direction of arrival of communications, radar warning, and countermeasure antennas. This new materials technologies study should result in an extremely broad bandwidth antenna which operates in frequencies from 0.05 GHz to 94 GHz. Due to the proliferation of wireless systems, a broadband multifunction antenna which can replace several, or many, existing single-function antennas is needed. This need is shared by both the government as well as the commercial sector. Due to space limitations, weight limitations, limited power budget, etc., existing antennas are unsuitable. The present SBIR (Small Business Innovative Research) phase-I solicitation is focused on new antennas materials technologies which will help alleviate this problem. In this proposed program, research will be conducted using WEO's patented SMM (spiral-mode microstrip), which is the only conformal, broadband antenna in existence, as the underlying technology. Five new antenna technologies developed at WEO will be applied to the SMM antenna to help broaden its bandwidth and reduce its electrical size. A phase-II approach will be defined. BENEFITS: This development would have a significant impact on the commercial communications industry. Applications could be made to commercial aviation, vehicles, etc. The most significant application would be the enhancement of personal wireless communications, for which a broadband multifunction antenna is desperately needed. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
50 Mall Rd. Bulington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-3388
Dr. Alan Chao ARMY 98-049 |
| Title: | Integrated Battlefield Visualization System Using Sensor and Cultural Feature Cross-Cueing |
| Abstract: | ALPHATECH proposes to design, implement, and demonstrate an Integrated Battlefield Visualization System (IBVS) that will use information fusion and cultural feature cross-cueing techniques to enhance warfighter situation awareness. IBVS will correlate and maintain multiple ground target tracks based on: cultural features (trafficability and hospitability), sensor reports (leveraging Multiple Hypothesis target Tracking (MHT) techniques), and kinematic models (relating target types to cultural features). ALPHATECH proposes to demonstrate this concept using simulated brigade-level tactical intelligence reports (e.g., Communications Intelligence (COMINT), Electronic Intelligence (ELINT), Imagery Intelligence (IMINT) (Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), Electro Optic/Infra-red (EO/IR)), High Resolution Range (HRR), and Moving Target Indicator (MTI). The IBVS objective is to track and display these simulated targets in real time on a digital map. ALPHATECH's experience in tracking, information fusion, and product development minimizes overall program risk. We are / have been key contractors for efforts involving: multiple hypothesis tracking, force pattern analysis, force level aggregation, target kinematic models, human-computer interface design, and Global Command & Control System (GCCS) mission application development. Our role as researchers and developers for the Army, DARPA, and AFOSR will promote cross-fertilization of ideas, while minimizing potential duplication of effort. BENEFITS: Technology, developed under this SBIR effort, for fusing information from disparate sensors and integrating it with cultural feature databases to provide information dominance to the battlefield commander can be readily incorporated into U.S. military operational systems (e.g., ETRAC, CGS, CARS). Commercial applications include use by law enforcement agencies, traffic or transportation analysis, and creation of geographic information systems (GIS) to support the exploitation of natural resources. |