DoD SBIR FY05.3 - SOLICITATION SELECTIONS w/ ABSTRACTS

DoD SBIR FY05.3 - SOLICITATION SELECTIONS w/ ABSTRACTS
Navy - MDA - OSD

---------- NAVY ----------

83 Phase I Selections from the 05.3 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

ARETE ASSOC. P.O. Box 6024 Sherman Oaks, CA 91413
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 571-8660 Mr. Thomas Reilly NAVY 05-138 Selected for Award
Title:	Expendable Electro-Optic Infrared Camera System
Abstract:	Due to the limited number of P-3 aircraft, the most economical and expeditious way to enhance operations and ensure crew safety is to incorporate a low-cost expendable Sonochute Launched Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) or (SL-UAS). Due to size, power, and weight limitations it is unrealistic to apply traditional gimbal technology to these small vehicles, however, the stability of the platforms, coupled with their small field-of-view sensor necessitates the capability to command and stabilize their sensors to provide useful imagery. By using a MEMS Scan Mirror we will be able to address the power, size, and weight restrictions of the UAS that prohibit the use of traditional gimbal technology, while providing a stabilized pointing system with a large field-of-regard for the IR camera imagery. Additional benefits of the system include: . Pointing capability allows for 90o circular Field-of-Regard (FOR) . Inertial image stabilization allowing for longer integration periods while maintaining Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) . Step-Stare capability allows for buildup of mosaiced scenes

B.E. MEYERS & CO., INC. 14540 NE 91st Street Redmond, WA 98052
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(425) 881-6648 Dr. Charles E. Hamilton NAVY 05-138 Selected for Award
Title:	Expendable Electro-Optic Infrared Camera System
Abstract:	The Navy has a need for low-cost cameras to be used in disposable UAV's for maritime reconnaissance. B.E. Meyers offers a suite of three cameras, enabling viewing anytime in a 24-hr day, in all sorts of weather conditions. For low-scattering environments, including rain or mist, ultra-sensitive CCD's, with electronic shuttering capability and an optional LED illuminator, enable imaging under conditions ranging from daylight to overcast starlight. In high-scattering, low-visibility conditions, such as fog, a low-cost microbolometer LWIR camera images by detecting thermal signatures of the scene. All cameras are able to identify humans easily, and recognize or identify small weapons. The cameras are electronically imaged stabilized using chip-level gyros to sense three orthogonal rotations. Averaged, camera costs remain below $1.5K. Cameras are cradled in a pan & tilt mechanism that has a mirror to define the viewing direction. The complete pan/tilt/zoom camera package occupies a 2.5" diameter cylindrical space, and weighs 2 lbs., conforming to Coyote UAV requirements. Among proposed activities are: 1) lab and field testing of all camera systems, with comparison to standard CCDs and Gen III night vision, 2) shake testing of an gyro-stabilized camera, and 3) Preliminary Design development leading into Phase II.

HOOD TECHNOLOGY CORP. 1750 Country Club Road Hood River, OR 97031
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(541) 387-2288 Dr. Andy von Flotow NAVY 05-138 Selected for Award
Title:	Expendable Electro-Optic Infrared Camera System
Abstract:	The side looking camera of Sono-buoy launch UAV can be stabilized using a two axis system with limited travel, solid state gyros for feedback and torque motors. This technology is available on Hood Technology's existing AltiCam turrets. The new system would however fit in a 3x3 inch space, unlike the 7inch space for AltiCam. Two imagers, the Sony FCB-IX10 and the FLIR Omega are imagers that meet size and cost requirements. We also propose an outer roll stage to decouple UAV trajectory and imaging.

LAKOTA TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS, INC. PO Box 1180 Laurel, MD 20725
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 725-1700 Mr. J. Robert Pence NAVY 05-139 Selected for Award
Title:	Data Distribution Service in Linux Kernel Module
Abstract:	The Publish/Subscribe (Pub/Sub) paradigm has become a key component of the Navy Open Systems Architecture (OA) initiative. The finalization of the Data Distribution Service (DDS) specification by the Object Management Group has solidified a common approach for performing data centric distributed computing for real-time applications. However, there are potential latencies induced in the data exchanges that occur through DDS compliant product as a result of the context switching that occurs as the computing device switching between user and kernel space. This SBIR is focused on determining the feasibility of implementing the DDS specification as a Linux Kernel Module (LKM). If a successful, DDS LKM can be created, the resultant performance of this implementation vice a DDS that is solely resident in the user space will also be measured. Additionally, Lakota is proposing the incorporation of functionality within this Kernel module that will support Adaptive Resource Management to ensure that the requested Quality of Service agreements are maintained.

REAL-TIME INNOVATIONS 3975 Freedom Circle, 6th Floor Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 200-4753 Mr. Joe Schlesselman NAVY 05-139 Selected for Award
Title:	Data Distribution Service in Linux Kernel Module
Abstract:	Real-Time Innovations (RTI) proposes to develop an implementation of the Object Management Group (OMG) Data Distribution Service (DDS) for Real-Time Systems that runs in Linux Kernel space. This implementation will be based upon NDDS 4.0, a DDS product uniquely suited to fit into an OS Kernel space. The modular architecture of NDDS allows significant performance improvement possibilities, which are discussed in detail in this proposal. Far beyond the usual expectations for a Phase I SBIR, we intend to have completed work produced by this effort rolled into our standard product at the end of the Phase I Option. This Phase I effort will culminate in a high-quality proof-of-concept design, testable code, and quantifiable performance results. Much development work will remain to optimize and fully test our solution during Phase II, but we are confident of our ambitious approach.

ADVANCED CERAMICS RESEARCH, INC. 3292 E. Hemisphere Loop Tucson, AZ 85706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 573-6300 Mr. Jason Douglas NAVY 05-140 Selected for Award
Title:	Expendable Ad Hoc Networked Data Link System
Abstract:	Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (COFDM) continues to be a preferred solution for wireless broadband data transfer. Currently many Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) solutions are available with a wide range of performance optimizations from low cost 802.11.g using 64 carriers to more expensive Digital Video Broadcasting - Terrestrial (DVB-T) solutions supporting over 8000 carriers. Advanced Ceramics Research, partnering with RTI's Center for Advance Networking Research, proposes to leverage their existing joint research UAV RF links, optimizing for a low cost and long distance RF link for expendable SL-UAV applications. The phase I effort will investigate existing COTS technologies with limited modifications in conjunction with a highly efficient RF technology for reaching a 50 nautical mile range while minimizing the radio Doppler effects from motion of the P-3 and SL-UAV.

AERONIX, INC. 1775 W. Hibiscus Blvd., Suite 200 Melbourne, FL 32901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 984-1671 Mr. Geoffrey Miller NAVY 05-140 Selected for Award
Title:	Expendable Ad Hoc Networked Data Link System
Abstract:	The increasing need to provide information to the warfighter is driving the need for innovative sensor systems. This SBIR addresses the need to incorporate UAV operational capability into the P-3 aircraft in support of its many diverse missions. Benefits to UAV usage with the P3 include cost economics, enhanced operations, and crew safety. Currently there are no commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) Ad Hoc Networked Data Link Systems in use today that meet all of the needs for UAV applications by the P3. Current commercial solutions are high cost, too large, have limited range, operate only in commercial frequencies and do not have encryption. Aeronix is proposing, per this SBIR, to provide a SL-UAV Data Link that is based upon the COTS IEEE 802.16D specification but is enhanced for DoD military requirements. Aeronix will directly leverage its existing 802.16 Rev D software radio (SCA compliant) solution which has been designed to provide 65.5 Mbps throughput over ranges up to 70 miles with beam antennas.

EFFICIENT CHANNEL CODING 600 Safeguard Plaza, Suite 100 Brookyln Hts, OH 44131
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(216) 635-1610 Dr. Russell A. Fuerst NAVY 05-140 Selected for Award
Title:	Expendable Ad Hoc Networked Data Link System
Abstract:	The objective of the WiMax Expendable Ad-hoc networked Sonochute Launched (WEASL) Data Link Module is to address the deficiencies in the current Unmanned Air Systems (UAS) communication links by designing an low-cost, expendable ad-hoc networked data link capable of supporting multiple Sonochute Launched Unmanned Air Vehicles (SL-UAV). The intent of the digital communication system would allow for a common physical interface for various sensor payloads and an IP v6 data interface for various software/user applications. The WEASL data link module would provide large bandwidth for increased data throughput and routing of ad-hoc network traffic and be robust enough to work under difficult channel conditions over a large operational distance. The link would be able to adaptively adjust its' bandwidth to maintain link integrity and Quality of Service (QoS) in Line of Sight (LOS) operational conditions. It is anticipated that the use of the COTS WiMAX (IEEE 802.16) standard with a modified carrier frequency for the air interface could satisfy all the requirements for the physical link and be compliant with IP v6 protocols useful for interfacing with various payloads and providing routing functionality onboard the UAS to include ad-hoc networking capabilities.

TIME DOMAIN CORP. 7057 Old Madison Pike, Suite 250 Huntsville, AL 35806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 428-6403 Mr. William Beeler NAVY 05-140 Selected for Award
Title:	Expendable Ad Hoc Networked Data Link System
Abstract:	Time Domain Corporation (TDC) proposes using an Ultra-wideband (UWB) communication system to provide a reliable multi-kilometer RF link between an aircraft such as a P-3 and sonochute launched unmanned aerial vehicles (SL-UAVs) like the Coyote. The intended UWB receiver uses coherent integration to pull signals from the noise and to reconstruct and decode the information symbols. TDC has demonstrated several long range line of sight (LOS) ground-to-ground links (approximately 15 km) using a high gain directional receive antenna, and shorter range LOS ground-to-UAV links (approximately 1 km) using very small omni-directional antennas and effective isotropic radiated power (E.I.R.P.) of 9.5 dBm = 9 mW. TDC's UWB physical layer supports standard packet-based networking protocols including Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). TDC has demonstrated multi-node TDMA networks for communications applications. For this project, TDC will identify requirements, design a UWB signaling structure, and analyze the link budget and LPI/LPD characteristics associated with the proposed solution. Based on the analyses, TDC will define a prototype system to be built and tested in Phase II. The program will determine feasibility of meeting size, weight, and power consumption requirements with UWB radios that support the network requirements for communications between the P-3 and SL-UAVs.

CONTROLEX CORP. 16005 Sherman Way, Suite 105 Van Nuys, CA 91406
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 780-8877 Mr. Bruce Kaufman NAVY 05-141 Selected for Award
Title:	A Very High Speed TeraByte Solid State Mass Memory Implemented with Stacked Die
Abstract:	Proposed is the use of breakthrough technique to develop a TeraByte solid state mass memory (SSMM)for network-centric avionic applications. The memory portion will be implemented with 16 high multiple die stacks. Transfer rates of 250MBytes/S are achieved by a novel scheme for interleaving banks of NAND flash chips. The proposed SSMM is a dual port unit, supporting PCI Express and legacy 1553 ports. Extensive use is made of proprietary IP ported to FPGAs to handle complex memory management and I/O activities

SEAKR ENGINEERING, INC. 6221 S. Racine Circle Centennial, CO 80111
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 784-7706 Mr. Brett Koritnik NAVY 05-141 Selected for Award
Title:	High Density Solid State Memory for Avionic Network Applications
Abstract:	In their current state, memory density and its associated packaging costs will be a limiting factor in supporting the various Network Centric Warfare (NCW) mission capability packages that tomorrow's aircraft will be asked to perform. Any rugged memory platform, whether it is currently being developed or is a future revolutionary technology, will need to increase density to accommodate the need. The goal is to provide 5 to 10 times today's memory capacity and be able to operate in harsh military environments and provide features such as safe memory management, high speed network connectivity and long term reliable operations. There are several diverse and innovative technologies that are currently evolving that have the promise of satisfying these mission needs during the three-phase SBIR program. This SBIR Phase I study will investigate the advancement paths of a diverse group of memory technologies in the context of refined DoD requirements. Further, this study will focus on identifying which of these advancements could best meet the needs and how the DoD may be able to influence the direction of such advancements.

EPSILON LAMBDA ELECTRONICS CORP. 396 Fenton Lane, Suite 601 West Chicago, IL 60185
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(630) 293-7118 Mr. Robert M. Knox NAVY 05-142 Selected for Award
Title:	Real Time Wireless Network for Avionics Applications
Abstract:	The US Navy has identified the need to develop and demonstrate innovative technologies that leverage existing and emerging commercial real-time wireless circuitry by upconversion of frequency to 60 GHz for short range, high security applications. This topic proposes to gain the advantages of emerging microwave commercial off-the-shelf technology by upconverting to 60 GHz (V-band) where atmospheric absorption inhibits the ability of enemy forces to intercept or jam the communications network. Proposed is a wireless network for avionics applications operating at 60 GHz that is (1) light-weight, (2) low-cost, (3) highly reliable and capable of very wide bandwidth (4) operates in hazy or dusty environment, and (5) operates with low power drain. The network will have seamless interoperability with local nodes that can operate in a wireless network, but with extended connection and backward compatibility to existing wired networks. It will have high data capacity and high data rate transfer. It can be implemented in either a client-server network or an ad-hoc configuration to serve the needs of mobile and fixed nodes whether in direct line-of-sight or as an omni-directional local area network cell (non line-of-sight). Design considerations will include consideration of operation with adaptive power level to minimize detection.

MAXENTRIC TECHNOLOGIES LLC 2071 Lemoine Avenue Suite 302 Fort Lee, NJ 07024
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 272-8800 Mr. Houman Ghajari NAVY 05-142 Selected for Award
Title:	W Band, Real Time Wireless Network for Avionics Applications
Abstract:	The 60 GHz frequency band possesses the potential for secure, low-power, and high-data rate communication links. MaXentric's 60 GHz ViFi system is an effective method that overcomes the current challenges of deploying reliable 60 GHz networks. ViFi's architecture has undergone detailed analysis and is capable of meeting the temporal accuracy constraints of avionics applications. ViFi's chosen air interface is well suited for intensive multi-path environments and will facilitate mathematical modeling to determine network stability, accuracy, and robustness.

RESERVOIR LABS., INC. 632 Broadway, Suite 803 New York, NY 10012
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(212) 780-0527 Dr. Peter Mattson NAVY 05-143 Selected for Award
Title:	High performance IP networking over the backplane with next generation protocol factoring
Abstract:	High-performance embedded systems often comprise multiple single-board computers (SBCs) connected via a common backplane bus. The SBCs usually communicate using the Internet Protocol (IP) over Ethernet, but using Ethernet requires that the system contain an Ethernet switch and, potentially, additional cabling. The logical alternative is to enable IP-based communication over the backplane, taking advantage of the backplane's performance potential. We propose high-performance, Linux-based, IP-compatible process-to-process communication using standard multicomputer backplanes for physical data transport. Because backplane accesses are privileged operations, the implementation must reside in the Linux kernel, and hence will consist of one or more loadable kernel modules. The software architecture will provide a framework for IP-compatible communication across general shared-memory interconnects. Distinct components within the framework will support specific standards such as Versa Module Eurocard (VME) and Compact PCI (cPCI), and will exploit optional performance-enhancing features of common devices (e.g., DMA). This structure will provide the flexibility to support both future backplane protocols and enhanced feature sets in future backplane adapter devices. Since the reliability of the communication protocol is critical to the stability of a distributed system, we also propose applying Reservoir's expertise with dynamic and formal verification to the implementation.

TWIN OAKS COMPUTING, LLC 1315 Clarkes Circle Castle Rock, CO 80109
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 947-6958 Mrs. Nina Tucker NAVY 05-143 Selected for Award
Title:	Backplane Internet Protocol Connectivity in Linux
Abstract:	The objective of this effort is to demonstrate the applicability of the versa module eurocard (VME) backplane and the compact peripheral component interconnect (cPCI) backplane as transport mediums for Internet Protocol (IP) packets in the Linux kernel. In addition, we will identify the requirements, design, and estimated performance of a Linux 2.6.2*n kernel device driver to support this connectivity. The opportunity is significant because performance and cost benefits may be realized by providing IP connectivity across the backplane.

ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES 104 Inwood Drive San Marcos, TX 78666
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 557-7461 Dr. John L. Massingill, Jr. NAVY 05-144 Selected for Award
Title:	Sealant Application Process and Technology Development
Abstract:	Advanced Materials & Processes (AMP) has identified a viable approach for applying Class B or C sealants that will meet quality criteria for thickness, porosity, continuity, and application time. The project will develop a rapid dispensing process for consistent application of the minimum weight of sealants to solid surfaces. Current methods are time consuming and applicator dependent, resulting in unwanted variation in quality and excessive weight. The process will give consistent results in confined spaces. The process will uniformly spread sealant over the faying surface in a minimum amount sufficient to provide a continuous bead of sealant "squeeze out" along all flange edges after the parts are assembled. Polysulfide sealants typically have a part A and a part B with a viscosity of about 2000+ Poise with a mix ratio that is critical to the performance of the sealant. AMP has identified hand held, pneumatic and electric proportional pumps/dispensers and disposable static mixers with bead and ribbon nozzles as a potential solution to meet the need for accurate control of variable mix ratio, thickness, porosity, and application time. Once this accurate control is established, then robotic application of the sealant with optical confirmation of continuity and bead size will be modeled and then implemented.

TIAX LLC 15 Acorn Park Cambridge, MA 02140
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 498-5848 Dr. Jacqueline Ashmore NAVY 05-144 Selected for Award
Title:	Sealant Application Process and Technology Development
Abstract:	Sealants are currently applied manually to aircraft which is a time-consuming process that results in unwanted variation in sealant thickness and quality, making a controlled and reliable automated application method extremely advantageous. We propose novel technology for spraying to deliver a controlled high-speed jet of sealant droplets, which will impact and adhere to the surface to be coated. Three fabrication issues which are particularly important in the design process are (i) keeping the spray head small to enable sealant to be applied to target surfaces in confined spaces, (ii) making the application process rapid, and (iii) generating a uniform sealant bead, and we explain how our proposed design satisfies these criteria. We choose a spray method which minimizes nonuniformity in the sealant bead, and additionally propose evaluation of post-processing methods to increase the bead quality after application. The TIAX approach combines successful methods for handling highly viscous materials with spray delivery which is currently used for less viscous fluids. We present our approach and discuss the construction of the device. The proposal also includes a description of a number of features which ensure that the device is reliable, robust, and easy to use.

COMPOSITE APPLICATIONS, INC. 19649 70th Ave. So. Kent, WA 98032
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(253) 872-0870 Mr. Kurt Gustafson NAVY 05-145 Selected for Award
Title:	Core Milling Processes and Technologies
Abstract:	Core cutting is one aspect of advavced composite manufacturing that has traditionally lagged behind other composite materials and manufacturing processes, until the recent development of the highly successful CNC Ultrasonic Cutting Process. This process substantially eliminates the resulting dust and many other objectionable aspects of machining details from a sheet or block of core in an otherwise modern, clean manufacturing environment. Ultrasonic cutting, relative to composite manufacturing, was initially envisioned by the developers as primarily a superior method of cutting single andmultiple layers of prepreg, as a way to minimize the wear resulting from the abrasive nature of the combinations of fibers and resin systems. Therefore, the development of the ultrasonic cutting tools was primarily limited to short knives. When it was determined that ultrasonic cutting was a superior method of machining honeycomb, longer knives and other types of ultrasonic cutters were developed, which satisfy the requirements for a greatly improved process of cutting most types of core. However, loaded core materials (military programs) have not been available to the technology developers. Therefore this project will explore what additional developments, enhancements and new processes are required to address the problems of machining loaded core, including Total Process Time.

THIRD WAVE SYSTEMS, INC. 7900 West 78th St., Suite 250 Minneapolis, MN 55439
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 832-5515 Dr. Troy D. Marusich NAVY 05-145 Selected for Award
Title:	Improved Loaded Core Milling Process
Abstract:	Military aircraft utilize advanced materials like loaded core composites for superior strength, weight, fatigue and stealth properties in parts such as ailerons, flaps, runners, leading edges and rudders. While new processes like ultrasonic machining for cutting and shaping of loaded cores are an improvement over traditional milling methods to reduce dust, they are slow and suffer from rapid tool wear. Our Phase I project will demonstrate innovative loaded core milling modeling and process technology the Navy needs to reduce cycle time by 50% while maintaining or improving tool life. Teaming with Lockheed Martin, we will: (a) Apply physics-based modeling to address thermal, tool life and material removal rate (MRR) problems inherent in ultrasonic machining of loaded cores; (b) Meet program requirements by working with suppliers to achieve a 50% cycle time reduction; (c) Reduce scrap due to fraying and workpiece inaccuracies; (d) Eliminate trial-and-error testing; (e) Predict forces, temperature, tool wear and workpiece quality; and (f) Establish process parameters and tooling to improve MRR and tool life. Our three-phased development program will: (a) Demonstrate modeling for process representation; (b) Identify conditions for improved cycle time and tool life; and (c) Formulate a plan to integrate modeling and ultrasonic machining system.

BECK ENGINEERING 3319 21st Ave NW Gig Harbor, WA 98335
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(306) 876-9710 Dr. Douglas S. Beck NAVY 05-146 Selected for Award
Title:	Compact Powerfeed Drill for Limited Access Drilling
Abstract:	The Navy needs a compact drill with controlled powerfeed for drilling holes in limited access areas of aircraft structures. We propose to adapt technology we are developing for a compact high-speed high-power milling spindle to develop a compact powerfeed drill for the Navy. Our drill uses compact high-stiffness large-damping hydrostatic bearings which: minimize the distance from the centerline of the spindle to the top of the drill housing; minimize the overall size and weight of the drill; and provide a large amount of damping, which leads to smooth holes and long tool life. Our drill uses direct liquid-turbine drive, which can generate large torques in a compact space claim with few parts that can wear. Our drill uses a hydraulic feed system to generate required controlled thrust forces with a compact cavity size. In Phase I, we will: develop a design for a pre-prototype drill; provide a simulation of our drill machining provided F-35 part models; and demonstrate a breadboard compact powerfeed drill. In Phase II, we will build and demonstrate a prototype drill. In Phase III, we will sell our compact powerfeed drill to the government and the private sector.

METIS DESIGN CORP. 222 Third Street, Suite 3121 Cambridge, MA 02142
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 661-5616 Ms. Kristin Jugenheimer NAVY 05-146 Selected for Award
Title:	Limited Access Precision Drilling
Abstract:	The complex structural and assembly design of the F-35 requires precision hole drilling in areas with limited human access. Current drilling methods are limited to small, handheld, right-angle power-feed drill motors and manual, non-power-feed drill motors, which may compromise operator safety and hole quality. Metis Design Corporation (MDC) has developed an initial concept for a right-angle power-feed drilling device for applications with limited access to the desired hole location. The device uses a torsionally stiff flexible shaft to convey rotary power to the drillbit paired with conventional technology for thrust and positional accuracy. Further, the device is anchored to the work piece with a clamp, which increases both operator safety and hole quality. In addition, the power-feed system features automatic peck-drilling cycles for optimal drilling of stacks of composite materials. The proposed research includes finalizing the conceptual design and simulating the system, developing plans for construction and testing of the device, and functional testing of critical components.

SYSFLEX, INC. 200 E. Dana St. #8 Mountain View, CA 94041
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 814-1076 Mr. Peter C. Salmon NAVY 05-146 Selected for Award
Title:	Limited Access Drilling
Abstract:	A powerful and rugged 1-inch diameter drilling machine includes independently controlled drill and feed motors. Electrostatic motor technology is employed for creating high torque in a compact size. Commercial ion implantation techniques are used to create highly charged regions on disk rotors. The controller is an attached module that employs a variable frequency control algorithm. The algorithm provides fine grained control and updates every 5 microseconds. Automated drilling is supported, including the ability to sense and prevent jamming of the drill bit. The control algorithm adapts the speed and feed rate for different drill diameters and different materials such as aluminum, titanium, and composite. The tool will be rugged, reliable, low-maintenance, easy to use in tight spaces, well-powered, automatically controlled, safe, and operable using hands-free operation. It will have a faster cycle time than current methods because the controller will enable it to operate at maximum feed rates, while avoiding problems like delamination and jamming. It will be capable of making multiple drilling passes automatically, for example if accumulated shavings create a problem. Other problems such as tool breakage, poor hole quality, re-work, delamination, burrs, and operator fatigue should be avoided.

TOOLING TECHNOLOGIES 11680 Brittmoore Park Dr Houston, TX 77041
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(713) 722-8501 Mr. James Sullivan NAVY 05-146 Selected for Award
Title:	Limited Access Drilling
Abstract:	Tooling Technologies has the experience and knowledge to develop a limited access drilling unit for the mating process of the Lockheed Martin F35 program. Tooling Technologies, in a joint design and development venture with Lockheed Martins' Fort Worth facility, has developed and produced a new inline, state of the art drill motor that has significantly reduced processing time while still producing quality holes. This unit utilizes an air over oil concept to produce the force required for self feed, differentiating itself from virtually all gear driven positive feed drill motors currently in use. Tooling Technologies then designed a model utilizing the same force technology of the inline except in a right angle configuration. This model meets the F35 specifications except for the size requirements. The opportunity will be to design a smaller right angle drill using the same drilling technologies of the two previous models. This action will enable companies such as Lockheed Martin Aerospace to capture significant cost savings in the form of reduced processing time (cost per hole) and the reduction and or elimination of scrap and rework. In conclusion, Tooling Technologies has proven it has the ability and personnel to design, manufacture and commercialize the proposed drill.

GCAS, INC. 1531 Grand Avenue, Suite A San Marcos, CA 92078
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 591-4227 Dr. Tuan Le NAVY 05-147 Awarded: 10FEB06
Title:	A Logic Model-based Decision Expert Planning Tool for Ship Modernization
Abstract:	In this proposal we present the design of an interactive and dynamic Ship Modernization Planning System based on the Logic Modeling paradigm. The Logic Model based approach allows us to devise the planning system's architecture that supports outcome-based planning and evaluation at multi levels of authority and collaboration. In addition, this architecture naturally integrates assumptions and external factors that contribute to the success or failure of a plan. Plans are interactively and dynamically generated and adapted by a Plan Authoring module that lies at the heart of the planning system. Plan generation, execution, and evaluation are supported by Expert Decision Support technology solution and governed by a Process Coordination module. This allows Participating Acquisition Resource Managers to efficiently plan, coordinate, model and track all aspects of ship modernization. With a Web-based User Interface module, the planning system will allow users to access to adaptive and interactive resource management, budgeting, cost control, risk identification and mitigation, conflict alerts, efficiency analysis and configuration management. Considered as a crucial part of our effort towards building such a planning system, we will develop a Software Build Plan and a Software Prototype to demonstrate the feasibility of the Phase I effort.

STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC. 951 Mariner's Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 616-1291 Dr. Eric Domeshek NAVY 05-147 Awarded: 10FEB06
Title:	Web-Based Acquisition Coordination Tools with Embedded Expertise
Abstract:	Modernizing naval vessels is a tremendously complex task, requiring coordinated effort by representatives of many different organizations, and subject to frequently shifting temporal, fiscal, physical, and technological constraints. The Navy lacks automated tools to support key modernization decision-makers. In particular, Participating Managers (PARMs) need coordination and decision support in modeling, planning, and tracking projects. Filling this need defines the vision underlying Acquisition Decision Expert Planning Technology for Modernization (ADEPT-M). Our approach to realizing ADEPT-M draws on our extensive experience building and applying Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools including decision-aids, planners, simulations, and knowledge management environments for military problems. It also draws on our proven capability integrating core visualization, knowledge representation, inference, and intelligent behavior control capabilities in web-based environments to support distributed work. In this Phase I project, we propose to (1) identify the requirements for an effective ADEPT-M system, (2) define an appropriate overarching technology architecture responsive to those requirements, (3) develop a corresponding software system design and build plan, and (4) produce a limited proof-of-concept demonstration with supporting documentation. The ultimate ADEPT-M system will provide an innovative mix of collaboration and expert-system decision-support capabilities for modeling, planning, and tracking ship modernization in an easily useable and available web-based format.

JOB PERFORMANCE SYSTEMS, INC. 1240 N. Pitt St, Alexandria, VA 22314
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 683-5805 Dr. Lee Ann Wadsworth NAVY 05-148 Awarded: 14FEB06
Title:	Hybrid Sailor performance and training
Abstract:	We offer a strategy to define the work and worker characteristics of the new Hybrid Sailor for a new class of ship the Navy is developing to meet demands of the global war on terrorism and unanticipated threats. Due to technology and reduced manning, the work for any particular rating will likely be different from ships of similar size and mission. Therefore, we propose to develop proof of concept for a selection system to recruit and select sailors into this new class. In Phase I we will conduct a futuristic job analysis which will include conducting interviews, focus groups and surveys to identify the SkillObjects (work tasks and related knowledges, skills, abilities and tools). Then tasks will be apportioned among the new "ratings" on the ship and aptitude standards developed for one Hybrid Sailor rating; we anticipate that stress management will be at least one of the important aptitudes. The final step will be to develop a plan to select, administer and validate a selection system for the Hybrid Sailor. In Phase II we propose to develop and validate a prototype test and in Phase III we will expand the process to all other Hybrid Sailors.

PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP. 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 368-6107 Dr. Michael Hertz NAVY 05-148 Awarded: 14FEB06
Title:	Hybrid Sailor performance and training
Abstract:	The U.S. Navy requires Sailors who can engage in multi-tasking, high stress, team oriented missions without degradation in any of the tasks and with minimal requirements for training. In order to select these Sailors an assessment battery must be developed to provide a method by which to accurately and efficiently place individuals in jobs that fit their strengths and weaknesses. Our approach will include a comprehensive literature review, task analysis, select validated instrument to measure personality traits, and integrate the findings into the Navy's existing infrastructure. Our research design will include both concurrent and predictive validation approaches.

ASSETT, INC. 8616 Phoenix Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 365-2200 Mr. Wayne Jakubowski NAVY 05-149 Awarded: 07FEB06
Title:	Combat Systems of the Future
Abstract:	The combination of Systems Engineering, Cognitive Engineering, and the concept of Human-Computer Collaboration together devise an innovative path forward towards intelligent automation and ultimately reduced manning. The process for improving decision making in an environment of tremendous uncertainty is extremely challenging. Our current sensor-function approach to combat systems has resulted in layer upon layer of operator requirements and analysis, no longer tenable for the future. As budget pressures continue towards improved efficiency and the emphasis towards smaller, autonomous vehicles gains more ground, the need for "intelligence-based" systems will compound. Technology available today provides "disruptive" opportunities that are wasted within a "refinement/restructure/reorganization" methodology. It is time to re-engineer our thinking and enable the Future Combat System.

MIKEL, INC. 151 Martine St Fall River, MA 02723
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 675-2681 Mr. Brian Guimond NAVY 05-149 Awarded: 07FEB06
Title:	Combat Systems of the Future
Abstract:	Present submarine combat operations place tremendous stress on operators, coordinators, and commanding officers in assimilating and filtering acoustic and non acoustic sensor, weapon, intelligence and environmental data necessary to carry out assigned missions. The result often leads to errors or long time delays increasing own ship vulnerability and limiting mission success. The planned introduction of advanced sensors, weapons and communications to counter the advanced threat will further aggravate the existing combat system information management problems. A new advanced combat system design is proposed that must provide improved information management capabilities to maintain tactical control in all scenarios including high contact density environments and optimally employ improved sensors, weapons, vehicles, and tactics needed to counter advanced threats. Each function within the new future combat system will be fully defined in terms of expected input data types, quality and rates and required output data that will be used in other functions. Physical models will also be described for each of the new functions. Each function will be explored to determine the feasibility of using artificial intelligence or heuristic inference rule sets (knowledge base) or numerical algorithms to increase automation with the goal of reduced manning.

RITE-SOLUTIONS 110 W. Broad Street, P.O. Box 1060 Pawcatuck, CT 06379
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(401) 847-3399 Mr. John G. DePrimo NAVY 05-149 Awarded: 07FEB06
Title:	Combat Systems of the Future
Abstract:	In conjunction with data set definitions and other background efforts, the Rite Solutions' team will investigate the feasibility of a Command Decision Support System (CDSS) providing high level advisory, decision support and human interface capabilities to ship's command personnel (CO and OOD). This system will be investigated using a highly structured Human Systems Integration (HSI) process and will be enabled by advanced AI-based decision support technologies (e.g., expert systems, neural networks, intelligent agents) and advanced 3D visualization technology. The system's envisioned capabilities will include enhanced situational awareness for command personnel with automated assessment, advice, warnings and alerts to maximize ship's safety and collision avoidance. Application of this technology will lead to reduced manning without compromising mission performance or safety of ship.

AEPTEC MICROSYSTEMS, INC. 700 King Farm Boulevard, Suite 600 Rockville, MD 20850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 670-6779 Mr. John Gorton NAVY 05-150 Awarded: 21FEB06
Title:	Automated Generation of Maintenance Work Packages
Abstract:	Maintenance related activities represent a substantial portion of the Total Ownership Costs of any system. A significant portion of the total maintenance expenditure can be attributed to both direct and indirect (hidden) costs associated with maintenance planning activities. Automation can play a key role in reducing these costs by minimizing the time currently spent by sailors in the identification of a maintenance action(s), correlating and presenting information necessary to perform a maintenance action(s) and by ensuring that all necessary resources e.g. tools, parts, etc. are available to the sailor. The central thrust of this SBIR proposal is to develop a concept to address technical data format and storage requirements as well as package delivery to a maintenance technician so that navy technicians can have automatically generated fault or failure specific maintenance work packages based upon data received by current and future shipboard equipment health management systems without human intervention in an open architecture environment.

BEACON INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS 30 Spinelli Place Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 453-5503 Ms. ML Mackey NAVY 05-150 Awarded: 21FEB06
Title:	Automated Generation of Maintenance Work Packages
Abstract:	Our vision for Automated Work Package generation is the innovative combination of the in-the-moment gathering of the proper data, information and knowledge as well as the proper presentation of that data in a useful and meaningful way that helps the maintainer accomplish a job. The need is for the convergence of many different sources of data and information in an iterative process. It begins with a problem on, or planned maintenance for, a system or sub system. If there is a fault being generated from Equipment Health Management (or the Mission Readiness Support System), maintenance decision support will determine what action should be taken. There is then the need to understand the availability of resources and to schedule those resources. Once it is understood what is to be done, when, where (ship or shore) and by whom, the proper set of information can be structured for use in the maintenance execution. Work Package generation takes into account the need, available resources, the data and the ability to assemble everything into a package (or display) for the maintainer. The work package is, in essence, the data and information displayed in the moment of need based upon the context of the situation.

RLW, INC. 2029 Cato Avenue State College, PA 16801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 574-6469 Mr. Pete Sisa NAVY 05-150 Awarded: 21FEB06
Title:	Automated Generation of Maintenance Work Packages
Abstract:	RLW proposes to deliver an architecture framework in DODAF format that defines the functions, processes, applications that require and enable automation of the shipboard maintenance process for future platforms. This DODAF formatted deliverable will also include a plan for demonstrating the proposed capability. This framework will then serve as basis for Phase II of this effort. The departure point for this work will be the current legacy environment and work done by RLW under an ongoing NAVSUP sponsored effort (Machinery Health Monitoring Sense & Respond Logistics) that has demonstrated the ability to automatically generate a work order candidate (Form 4790.2K)and order associated parts. This ongoing NAVSUP demonstration also provides a significant leverage opportunity, affording access to a realistic test environment at LBES on live machinery. A small scale demo will be performed at LBES, delivering a complete formal work package at the point of maintenance. In addition to its SxNAP(TM) platform for identification of machinery faults, RLW will bring to bear its significant and growing Navy ship maintenance process subject matter and domain expertise. RLW will incorporate in its investigation developments in the Maintenance Figure of Merit (MFOM) arena and Navy ERP as appropriate.

APPLIED PHYSICAL SCIENCES CORP. 2 State Street, Suite 300 New London, CT 06320
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 440-3253 Dr. Robert Gorman NAVY 05-151 Awarded: 23FEB06
Title:	Shock and Vibration Mounting System for Machinery and Electronics
Abstract:	Shock mitigation and vibration isolation of electronics, machinery and other selected components are critical in the design and safe operation of Naval surface combatants. Based on the different forcing functions and constraints that characterize 1. shock loading, and 2. vibration isolation of potentially noisy equipment, two classes of mounts have evolved. Neither class performs satisfactorily for both types of inputs. We are proposing herein to develop a new family of low cost passive combined mounts that perform well for both. Under normal operating conditions, the mount will exhibit characteristics of a vibration isolation mount. It will be relatively soft (five Hz. resonance) and will attenuate equipment vibrational forces transmitted through it over a broad range of frequencies. Under shock loading, the isolation aspect of the mount will be snubbed and the mounts will become highly dissipative, relatively stiff and will allow displacements of up to a few inches to absorb shock loads. Applied Physical Sciences Corp with support from Anteon's ETC Division and Enidine proposes to: develop a number of concepts; perform basic analysis on them; build test samples of the most promising; and perform limited shock and isolation transmissibility tests on them.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Dr. B. Scott May NAVY 05-151 Awarded: 23FEB06
Title:	Reconfigurable Shock and Vibration Isolator
Abstract:	Navy ships, including the new DD(X), engaging in challenging missions, such as littoral and ASW operations, require greater vibration isolation and shock mitigation than is available with mounts that are currently available. Creare proposes an innovative mount that can achieve unsurpassed absorption of shock energy in a compact package while providing excellent vibration isolation at normal load levels. A single mount design can protect a wide range of loads, while the design can be scaled easily such that only a few sizes will be required to protect equipment ranging from 0.5 lb to 10,000 lbs in weight. At the time of installation, the natural frequency of the mount can be customized independently of setting the maximum force that the mount can transmit during a shock event. The mounts will be highly durable, resistant to environmental effects, straightforward to install in new or retrofit applications, require no maintenance, and exhibit low life-cycle cost. We will demonstrate the feasibility of our innovation during Phase I in the laboratory with a proof-of-concept prototype. During Phase II, we will fabricate and test prototype units at Creare and provide several prototype units for an application selected by the Navy for ship trials.

INFOSCITEX CORP. 303 Bear Hill Road Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 890-1338 Mr. Jeremiah Slade NAVY 05-151 Awarded: 23FEB06
Title:	Shock and Vibration Mounting System using Electroactive Polymers with an Interpenetrating Polymer Network
Abstract:	To achieve the level of acoustic stealth required by the DD(X) a system of isolation mounts is required that can be used throughout the ship to minimize the transmission of vibration energy from machinery and electronics to the ship's hull. This system will also need to protect equipment from the effects of shock, and prevent vibrations from the hull being transmitted to sensitive acoustic interrogation systems. Infoscitex (IST) is proposing to implement a revolutionary method for integrating both active and passive damping of shock and vibrations into a single mounting system. Vibrations traveling between equipment and the ship's hull will be actively cancelled using dynamically controlled electroactive polymers (EAP). These EAP devices will be built using stacks of dielectric elastomers (DE) separated by compliant electrodes. In addition to being controllable, these DEs will also be engineered to include an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) that will provide superior passive damping performance over a wide range of environmental temperatures and vibrational frequencies. This combination of material technologies will result in an electrodynamically driven rubber mount which will allow shock and vibrations to be damped more effectively than with conventional mounting systems.

KAZAK COMPOSITES, INC. 10F GIll Street Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(207) 371-2568 Mr. Michael McAleenan NAVY 05-151 Awarded: 23FEB06
Title:	Unique Hybrid Composite Structures as Shock/Vibration Isolators
Abstract:	An innovative shock and vibration isolator is proposed. Its unique hybrid material structure will mitigate unfavorable weight, cost and space consequences imposed by today's isolators. It will address shock and vibration mitigation within the same isolation system. Commonality of design will allow scale-up to isolate large and heavy machinery, and scale-down to isolate sensitive electronics. The proposed isolator consists of a unique material combination, resulting in a highly resilient global structure. In a previous program, KaZaK demonstrated an automated manufacturing technology that can be readily adapted to manufacture components of any size, and at low cost. Application of the proposed hybrid technology in vibration and especially in shock isolation, where space is limited, can lead to a number of benefits including excellent recovering capability, good energy dissipation, frequency independent behavior, strain hardening at large displacements, and stable hysteretic behavior. KaZaK will draw upon our considerable experience with the proposed device for other load scenarios, and move rapidly to Phase I design, fabrication and testing of full scale devices. Results from Phase I tests will provide the Navy with a quick look at viability of this major innovation to shock and vibration technology.

SPECTRUM RESEARCH CORP. 165 Jordan Road Troy, NY 12180
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 283-7660 Mr. Michael J. Ampela NAVY 05-151 Awarded: 23FEB06
Title:	Shock and Vibration Mounting System for Machinery and Electronics
Abstract:	The Navy has long recognized the need for a truly low cost, high performance shock and vibration mitigation system. As ships are becoming more and more electric, the lethality, survivability, and mobility of a surface combatant vessel hinges on a vast array of densely packed equipment that must survive multiple shock impacts. In addition, it is further required that the transmission of vibrations through the mounts be kept extremely low during stealth mode. The engineering requirements for shock mitigation and vibration isolation tend to compete directly against one another. This has led to the development of sophisticated hydraulic and active suspension systems to meet the demanding performance requirements. Unfortunately these systems tend to be expensive, bulky, and complex. To satisfy the present need, Spectrum Research Corporation proposes to develop a new mount technology that is based on the innovative use of passive technologies coupled with semi-active technology to augment performance, and to provide a limited range of adjustability of the static properties. A novel preloaded spring implementation is proposed in addition to a magnetorheological (MR) damper unit designed to provide some tunability. The Phase I result shall include the fabrication of a prototype mount that is ready for UERD testing.

AEPCO, INC. 15800 Crabbs Branch Way Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 670-6770 Mr. Robert Clarke NAVY 05-152 Awarded: 08FEB06
Title:	Autonomous Movement of Containers from Ship to Shore
Abstract:	AEPCO has developed plans for a system that will alleviate the vast majority of difficulties associated with supply and sustainment transfers. The name of the system is the Autonomous Sustainment Cargo Container (ASCC) delivery system and its plans and description are on file with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. The ASCC meets the identified needs set forth in the solicitation by providing an apparatus, method and system for delivery of large volumes of commercial cargo containers to a primitive beach. This concept provides an ASCC for use in transferring cargo in support of cross-shore operations. The ASCC is comprised of a standard ISO shipping container fitted with a transporter unit. The transporter unit itself is comprised of a propulsion section and a control complex. The propulsion section consists of an engine module, a propulsion module, and a structure module. In turn, the control complex itself is comprised of an antenna, any necessary navigation lighting, a navigation processor, an inventory processor and a communications segment (with associated telecommunication interfaces and software input/output ports). A floatation unit may be attached to the other end of the ISO container to aid in recovery, sea keeping, trim, and reduction of impact risks.

ART ANDERSON ASSOC. 202 Pacific Avenue Bremerton, WA 98337
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(360) 479-5600 Mr. Ralph Duncan NAVY 05-152 Awarded: 08FEB06
Title:	Autonomous Movement of Containers from Ship to Shore
Abstract:	The Art Anderson Associates team will develop a Portable Autonomous TEU Transfer System (PATTS), which will be used in conjunction with a Container carrying USV (CSV), to enable the autonomous movement of containers from ship to shore.

CRAFT ENGINEERING ASSOC., INC. 2102 48th Street Hampton, VA 23661
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 825-1516 Dr. J. Dexter Bird, III NAVY 05-152 Awarded: 08FEB06
Title:	Autonomous Movement of Containers from Ship to Shore
Abstract:	The goal of this proposal is to develop a method of transferring cargo from the ship to the shore autonomously and precisely by integrating positioning technologies with an airfoil that is towed and launched from existing high speed vessels. The airfoil will be self-contained, reusable, and can be readily attached to the cargo.

KAZAK COMPOSITES, INC. 10F GIll Street Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(207) 371-2568 Mr. Michael McAleenan NAVY 05-152 Awarded: 08FEB06
Title:	Autonomous, Low Cost, Impact-Resistant, Inflatable ISO Container Transports
Abstract:	Transporting millions of pounds of combat equipment and supplies involves ship deployment, at-sea offloading and ship-to-shore transit as quickly and efficiently as possible. Logistics over the shore (LOTS) operations occur where there are no ports or deep water access, where ports have been destroyed or severely damaged, or where ports exist but do not have the equipment to transfer cargo. Current LOTS equipment offloads onto causeway systems used as floating platforms between ships and other watercraft, introducing extra, inefficient container "picks" to each movement. As an alternative to legacy LOTS technology, KaZaK is proposing design and demonstration of a simple, tough, lightweight system that automates movement of 20 and 40 foot ISO containers to and from shore without many of the intermediate steps now required. The envisioned autonomous system will include components that facilitate efficient loading and off-loading of containers directly into the sea, minimize ISO container "picks", limit seawater contact, reduce need for intermediate transport vessels, and rapidly reconfigure the ISO container for sea and land transit. KaZaK's macro-composite materials will play an important part in design of structural elements of the system. These low cost materials provide significant advantage for impact resistance, ease of repair and weight.

MILLENWORKS 1361 Valencia Avenue Tustin, CA 92780
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 426-5511 Mr. Chris Culbertson NAVY 05-152 Awarded: 08FEB06
Title:	Autonomous Ship-to-Shore Container Delivery System
Abstract:	The ability for a container ship to autonomously deliver its cargo ashore when deep-water ports are unavailable will act as a force multiplier in future military engagements, freeing scarce rotorcraft and amphibious assets to perform other battlefield tasks. MillenWorks has developed two conceptual systems to accomplish this. The first concept is optimized to provide high ship-to-shore delivery speed while requiring minimal manpower to deploy. The second system requires more time and manpower to deploy, but provides superior life cycle costs and more efficient storage aboard ship. Both systems utilize a simplified waypoint-following navigation system with collision avoidance algorithms to safely pilot the container into a port or onto a beach.

KAZAK COMPOSITES, INC. 10F GIll Street Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(207) 371-2568 Mr. Michael McAleenan NAVY 05-153 Awarded: 16FEB06
Title:	Toughened, Low Cost, Re-configurable Stowage System
Abstract:	Watercraft mission modules are provided to the Navy with custom cradles specific to the vessel. These cradles are often not designed to meet shock and vibration requirements, are difficult to store when not in use and often have different systems and operational parameters. Variations in mission module cradles are due to a range of parameters in size, weight and geometric configurations that could vary from a 7.5 inch diameter, 5.5 feet long, OOV weighing as little as 80 lbs to a deep vee power boat that is 9 feet wide, 40 feet long, weighing 25,000 lbs. The difficulty of designing a multi-vessel cradle to meet Mil Spec 901d, grade B shock requirements are significantly increased due to this wide range of vessel weights. Designating the cradle as Shock Grade B identifies its operation as not essential to the safety or mission capability of the ship, but could become a hazard to personnel. KaZaK and Oldenburg Group are proposing two options consisting of tough, lightweight structures. The first system is a compact 2 - dimensional structure designed to withstand Grade B shock, while the other consists of a Grade B resilient mount system with reconfigurable decks.

MARITIME APPLIED PHYSICS CORP. 1850 Frankfurst Avenue Baltimore, MD 21226
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(443) 524-3330 Dr. James Chafe NAVY 05-153 Awarded: 16FEB06
Title:	Ruggedized, Reconfigurable, Watercraft Stowage System
Abstract:	This proposal contains an innovative approach and supporting technical elements of a reconfigurable stowage system that will safely and securely stow a wide variety of watercraft in a Naval shipboard environment.

SAFE, INC. 6536 E. Gainsborough Rd. Scottsdale, AZ 85251
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(480) 659-8607 Mr. Stanley P. Desjardins NAVY 05-153 Awarded: 16FEB06
Title:	Ruggedized, Reconfigurable, Watercraft Stowage System
Abstract:	A universal, reconfigurable self-contained watercraft stowage system has been developed which is designed to eliminate the need for customized cradle systems currently in use for Navy/Marine/Coast Guard mission modules (HSB, Spartan, RMS/RMV, RHIB, UUV, SDV systems). This will preserve precious deck space on Navy vessels and potentially save money via hardware standardization. The stowage system has an integral shock/vibration isolator specially developed to attenuate such energy for all stowage system configurations and for all specified mission modules. It is estimated that this innovative device is rapidly reconfigurable within 30 minutes by a single person.

ADAPTIVE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS 2636 Fireside Circle Lexington, KY 40513
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(859) 223-8058 Dr. YuMing Zhang NAVY 05-154 Awarded: 09FEB06
Title:	Sensor Torch Based Adaptive Intelligent Control for Circumferential Welding of Pipes
Abstract:	Orbital pipe welding systems can function like skilled welders, to certain extent, who can move the torch very smoothly/evenly. However, their adjustment of welding parameters is not a true emulation of skilled welders who observe the weld pool and adjust welding parameters based on the observation of the weld pool rather than simply the location around the clock. This SBIR project aims at the development of an adaptive intelligent control technology which can adaptively adjust welding parameters based on an observation of the weld pool surface like a skilled welder but does not require the torch be moved smoothly/evenly. One of the major innovations associated with the proposed technology is a so-called "torch sensor" which can measure the depth of the weld pool surface like a skilled welder. This sensor torch can be carried by a human welder and can last "forever" as a regular welding torch does. Another major innovation is the so-called quasi-keyhole technology which achieves the desired weld joint penetration every cycle so that the response of the control system to fluctuations/variations in welder's operations and joint preparation etc. is truly real-time. Phase I project is designed to verify the feasibility of the proposed technology.

NORAN-LAND ENGINEERING CORP. 5555 Garden Grove, Suite 300 Westminster, CA 92683
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 899-1220 Mr. Tony Abbey NAVY 05-154 Awarded: 09FEB06
Title:	Automated Ship Assembly Lifting and Handling Calculations for Distortion Control (ShipLift)
Abstract:	Develop a system that uses ShipConstructor and NEiNastran as the basis for analysis to determine optimum lifting and handling methods for panel, sub-assemblies and assemblies to reduce or eliminate distortion (both permanent plastic set and temporary elastic deformation).

PRECISION LIGHT SYSTEMS, LLC 18 Pleasant St. Brunswick, ME 04011
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(207) 636-7224 Mr. Paul Blomquist NAVY 05-154 Awarded: 09FEB06
Title:	Low Distortion Panel Line Upgrade Program
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I project proposal addresses the development of technology for cost effectively upgrading existing shipyard panel line stiffener-to-plate welding to a low-distortion hybrid laser process. The Phase I project establishes the technical and financial viability of the Laser/Gas Metal Arc Welding (LGMAW) process to manufacture flat panel assemblies. A major task in Phase I is the demonstration of a welding system capable of being retro-0fit into existing shipyard panel line production systems without great impact and expense. In addition, Phase I activities will encompass the analysis of the market potential for such a system.

WELDQC, INC. 1165 Chambers Road Columbus, OH 43212
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(614) 487-7207 Dr. Darren Barborak NAVY 05-154 Awarded: 09FEB06
Title:	IMPROVEMENT OF PIPE FABRICATION WITH WELD PENETRATION MONITORING
Abstract:	Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) is the most widely used manufacturing process for producing high-quality welds in piping for Navy ship construction. The majority of welds in these piping applications must achieve complete penetration of the weld joint. However, in practice, a variety of factors affect the ability to consistently produce complete penetration welds: including variations in material thickness, material chemical composition, joint preparation, and joint fit-up tolerances. It is both costly, and difficult, if not impossible; to adequately control all of the variables that affect weld penetration. WeldQC proposes to evaluate the feasibility of developing a system for monitoring the state of weld penetration and providing feedback to welders. The design of the system would allow easy integration onto existing shipyard welding systems, and would provide information to the welder, allowing them to adjust the welding process as needed to consistently achieve complete penetration.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Dr. Fritz Friedersdorf NAVY 05-155 Awarded: 16FEB06
Title:	High Friction Nanocomposite Coating for Radar Absorption
Abstract:	Existing coating systems used for flight decks function as high friction surfaces that are corrosion and wear resistant. These coatings do not have radar absorbing properties to reduce radar cross-section of sea vehicles. Luna proposes to develop an economical, durable, corrosion resistant deck coating that has high friction and radar absorbing properties. Luna will utilize novel VOC-free resin chemistry, environmentally safe corrosion inhibitors and a combination of developmental nanomaterials and commercially available absorbers to achieve the desired combination of properties. The radar absorbing components of the coating will be based on a mixture of inorganic soft-magnetic particles and organic nanomaterials to achieve the desired coating permeability, permittivity, and graded properties to produce an effective broadband radar absorbing coating. The nanomaterials will allow for a lighter weight coating than can be produced with traditional radar absorbing materials while cost will be controlled by also using commercially available absorbers. The coating system will be formulated to be applied and repaired using conventional coating application processes and will have excellent durability, friction, wear resistance and corrosion performance to meet the existing Military requirements for non-skid coatings. The flight deck coating will be safe for workers to apply, VOC-free and use non-toxic corrosion inhibitors.

MICROCELL TECHNOLOGIES 410 Great Road, Suite C-2 Littleton, MA 01460
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 952-6947 Mr. Richard M. Formato NAVY 05-155 Awarded: 16FEB06
Title:	Durable, Non-Skid, Radar Absorbing Coating System for use on Marine Flight Decks
Abstract:	Currently available flight deck coating systems, utilized where fluctuating temperatures and heavy traffic/load areas are normal, have poor/negligible performance in the areas of reduced radar signature return. New coatings must be developed that maintain a high coefficient of friction and excellent adhesion to the decking while simultaneously functioning as a radar absorbing material (RAM) over DD(X) design frequencies. Typical of current non-skid coating systems, new RAM coatings must be resistant to sunlight/UV, seawater and shipboard chemicals, while demonstrating excellent wear, impact and corrosion resistance. The coating must be able to be applied by rolling/spraying, must be repairable in service, and must not add excessive weight or VOCs. During Phase I, Microcell Technologies, LLC and its teaming partners, Neo-Advent Technologies and R&F Products, will synthesize RAM coatings using a combination of novel components and processing techniques. Phase I will demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating non-skid / RAM coating systems. During Phase II & III, the team will finalize the coating formulation to MIL-PRF-24667B by working with the US Navy, the DD(X) prime contractor and our commercialization partner, ITW American Safety Technologies. The overall project goal is to perform RAM coating validation testing and NAVAIR/NAVSEA certification for use on a Navy ship.

TDA RESEARCH, INC. 12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 940-2317 Dr. Silvia Luebben NAVY 05-155 Awarded: 16FEB06
Title:	Durable, Low-Radar Signature Non-Skid Coating for Flight Deck
Abstract:	In this Phase I SBIR Project, TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) will develop a durable, corrosion- resistant, non-skid coating system for flight decks with a significantly reduced radar signature compared to the current state-of-the-art landing materials for aircraft carriers. The new coating system will achieve reduction of the radar signature by combining a careful design of the coating surface with the use of specialty radar absorbing materials. The new coating system will be tested in the Phase I for its friction properties, corrosion resistance, and radar signature.

TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC. 9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 263-2101 Dr. George Hansen NAVY 05-155 Awarded: 16FEB06
Title:	Durable, Low Radar Signature Return, Flight Deck Coating System
Abstract:	Surface combatant non-skid improvement has received high level attention over the past decade. Limited durability affecting logistical flexibility was recently ranked among the top five issues addressed by Navy PEO Carriers. Most commercially available non-skids utilize volatile organic compounds to achieve the abrasive texture. Solvents have a negative environmental impact and this is an important concern to DoD. Emerging generations of tactical Navy ships continue to press new requirements on non-skid performance. Until now these coatings have been used principally for slip resistance on flight decks, hangers and walkways, and to provide corrosion resistance. However, they have poor to negligible performance with respect to reduced radar signature. Thus, it is a primary objective of this SBIR topic to develop and demonstrate a high-friction, durable marine coating system that provides a low radar signature return for flight decks. This proposal summarizes work to be performed in the adaptation, testing and evaluation of TRI's Tough Grip nonskid coating for use on low observable Naval surface combatants such as the DDX series. Tough Grip has been demonstrated on the USS Kennedy and Truman flight decks, is patented and approved for use by the Navy.

AEPTEC MICROSYSTEMS, INC. 700 King Farm Boulevard, Suite 600 Rockville, MD 20850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 670-6779 Mr. John Gorton NAVY 05-156 Awarded: 09FEB06
Title:	Maintenance Performance Assessment
Abstract:	In order to meet reduced manning and cost goals, existing and future Navy ships are utilizing sensors and other automated technologies to monitor equipment health and provide accurate information to end users. Onboard future surface ships, it is envisioned that maintenance planning will be automated and maintenance procedures will be delivered to the technician in an electronic format on interactive media. With the reduced manning goals of these future ships, monitoring and control maintenance backlog will be critical to maintaining the material condition of the ship. In addition, poor maintenance performance can be precursor by similar problems associated with operating procedures, technical data, and training. The information required to determine if any of these problems exists, but without proper procedures and mechanisms for collecting the data and metrics to evaluate the data, these problems can remain hidden from visibility, especially in a reduced manning environment where crew members will be broadly trained and multi-tasked. This Phase I proposal will develop a concept design for an automated maintenance performance assessment capability that can be integrated into the automated maintenance environments of both DDX and LCS.

PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP. 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 368-6107 Dr. Michael Hertz NAVY 05-156 Awarded: 09FEB06
Title:	Maintenance Performance Assessment
Abstract:	The central goal of this topic is to develop a data infrastructure that supports the performance evaluation of work package completion by using information stored throughout the non-tactical applications already onboard U.S. Navy ships. It proposes to develop a set of web based application tools, based around various statistical methodologies, for use in evaluating a broad base of maintenance processes and efficiency issues. The proposal includes digital data collection methods and equipment and transfer of information from ship-to-shore, and vice versa, using the Distance Support (DS)/Non-Tactical Data Processing System (NTDPS) Architecture currently being fielded. The proposal also addresses shore based information collaboration as part of NAVSEA's Distance Support Initiative.

WILLIAMS-PYRO, INC. 200 Greenleaf St. Fort Worth, TX 76107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(817) 872-1500 Ms. Nithya Ramaswami NAVY 05-156 Awarded: 09FEB06
Title:	Maintenance Performance Assessment
Abstract:	Williams-Pyro, Inc. proposes to develop a "Smart Maintenance Performance Assessment and Correction Tool" (Smart-MPACT) that can verify and validate (1) Equipment health management: Processes that lead to maintenance actions; (2) Work package generation: Maintenance procedures that are delivered to technicians; and (3) Maintenance execution planning: Maintenance action that is performed. Smart-MPACT will use an interactive portable maintenance aid (like a PDA) that can collect technicians' input and recommendations, as well as performance data during the maintenance action to determine the applicability and effectiveness of procedures and the accuracy of information provided for conducting repairs. WPI's system will then transmit this information through a wired/wireless medium to the engineering officer of the watch. Smart-MPACT will analyze information using the following complementary procedures: (1) Multivariate control charts to establish control limits and (2) Data mining methods to identify the causes of delay and/or process deviation. Smart-MPACT will also provide a feedback mechanism through a web interface to allow for review and possible correction. Smart-MPACT will validate all maintenance actions for applicability and effectiveness and use this information to deliver the correct data, material, and personnel to minimize process deviations and/or delays for future maintenance planning.

CONTROL POWER CO. 310 Executive Dr. Troy, MI 48083
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(248) 583-1020 Mr. Bill Presley NAVY 05-157 Awarded: 06FEB06
Title:	Dynamic Positioning and Motion Control during Cargo Transfer Operations
Abstract:	The Phase I proposal for the Navy will be an assessment of commercial products and control needs relative to dynamic positioning and motion control (motion cancellation via a multi-degree of freedom platform). Phase I includes computer simulations to identify ship to ship wave and wake interactions, development of control equations for landing craft steering and propulsion system, and control equations for a multi-degree of freedom motion platform. This system will cancel out hull motion during the off-loading of cargo in a Sea State 3 environment. There does exist an option for Phase I which is an evaluation of added LCU1600 hull control surfaces as an alternative for motion cancellation.

CRAFT ENGINEERING ASSOC., INC. 2102 48th Street Hampton, VA 23661
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 825-1516 Dr. J. Dexter Bird, III NAVY 05-157 Awarded: 06FEB06
Title:	Dynamic Positioning and Motion Control during Cargo Transfer Operations
Abstract:	The goal of this proposal is to develop a portable dynamic positioning system appropriate for an LCU-sized vessel participating in large ship to small ship cargo transfer operations. The main innovation over existing dynamic positioning systems is the exploitation of the LCU's propulsion system and the inclusion of active pitch and roll damping in the algorithm.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5248 Dr. Ravi Patankar NAVY 05-157 Awarded: 06FEB06
Title:	A Novel Observer-based Synchronization Control of Ship Rendezvous Operations using Portable Actuators
Abstract:	Intelligent Automation, Inc. in collaboration with Rolls Royce and Michigan Technological University proposes a physical state observer for the larger ship and consequent implementation of synchronization controller for the smaller ship. Toward this end, theoretical results have recently been obtained which were subsequently demonstrated in laboratory experiments. Exponential convergence of the closed-loop errors for position keeping during trajectory tracking was experimentally demonstrated. We plan to further enhance the tracking control using recent results on external synchronization in robotics and analyzing the impact of delayed disturbances on the synchronized ships. No assumptions on the availability of a dynamic model for the larger ship will be made. The advantage of this technique is that the observer requires only position/attitude measurements for both ships. This makes the approach applicable to rendezvous operations with various ships without requiring any tuning or modifications. The research will (i) develop a simulation model for the smaller ship (ii) design an observer-controller combination and drive the observer with available field data (iii) based on design considerations and control analysis, propose the sensors for observation and portable actuators for control action, and their placement (iv) assess the robustness of synchronization in presence of disturbances and ship interactions.

THRUSTMASTER OF TEXAS, INC. 12227 FM-529 Houston, TX 77041
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(713) 937-6295 Mr. Joe Bekker NAVY 05-157 Awarded: 06FEB06
Title:	Dynamic Positioning and Motion Control during Cargo Transfer Operations
Abstract:	This research demonstrates the feasability of developing easily deployable systems for dynamic positioning and motion dampening of lightering vessels while taking on cargo from primary cargo supply motherships in the open sea at sea state 3 and optionally up to sea state 4.

ENERGENT CORP. 2321 S. Pullman St. Santa Ana, CA 92705
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(949) 261-7533 Mr. Lance Hays NAVY 05-158 Awarded: 08FEB06
Title:	Dual Pressure Euler Turbine for Fuel Cell Energy Recovery
Abstract:	A dual pressure Euler turbine (dpEt)is proposed to recover energy from a hydrogen membrane raffinate flow. A tradeoff study between using the shaft power to drive an electric generator or the system air compressor will be conducted. A two-stage dpEt nozzle and turbine rotor will be designed and fabricated. Tests will be conducted in an existing casing and high pressure nitrogen test system to verify performance. A full size dpEt and generator and hot gas test system will be designed to qualify the unit for a 500 kW fuel cell system.

GENERAL VORTEX ENERGY, INC. 1306 FM 1092 STE 403 Missouri City, TX 77459
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(713) 202-2985 Dr. Anatoli Borissov NAVY 05-158 Awarded: 08FEB06
Title:	Fuel Cell Energy Recovery
Abstract:	The mission of GVE with this research grant is to develop high power density, high-efficiency energy recovery system for fuel cell system. Utilization of its patented Jirnov Vortex Turbine (JVT) bottoming cycle engine will increase the overall efficiency of fuel cell. The robust design of the JVT allows using a fuel cell raffinate stream for the bottoming cycle. The fuel cell stream consists of high enthalpy gases such as 0.065 H2, 0.41 H2O, 0.019 CO, 0.20 CO2, 0.016 CH4, 0.29 N2, and H2S. The stream temperature is 400C (673.1K), pressure is 7 Bars (709275 Pa) and flow rate is 900 Kg/hr (0.250 Kg/s). The stream is not combustible, but presents the highly corrosion mixture. Available fuel cell stream waste energy is 100kW. Energy recovered with the General Vortex Energy Inc., Positive Displacement Rotary Expander (PDRE) is about 60 kW. The conventional energy recovery technologies require further separation of hydrogen, water and H2S and then using the stream in the waste energy recovery system (heat exchanger), piston expander or turbine. First, the bottoming cycle based on the piston expander and turbine is not as efficient as the JVT cycle. Second, the separation devices will increase the volume and mass of the bottoming cycle device and reduce the power density. Another conventional method of energy recovery is using the heat exchanger to transfer the energy of fuel cell stream to some closed bottoming cycle. In this case efficiency is reduced by the heat exchanger and complicated by closed cycle device. Thus the power density and overall efficiency will suffer again.

PRECISION COMBUSTION, INC. 410 Sackett Point Road North Haven, CT 06473
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(203) 287-3700 Dr. Subir Roychoudhury NAVY 05-158 Awarded: 08FEB06
Title:	Energy Recovery For Efficient Use Of Navy Fuels For Hydrogen Generation
Abstract:	Precision Combustion, Inc. (PCI) is proposing to develop a hydrogen generation system for PEM fuel cells using a novel catalytic steam reforming process, capable of utilizing Navy logistic fuels efficiently for improving overall system efficiency. The steam reformer, will be based upon PCI's patented and trademarked Microlithr substrate technology. This technology will be modeled and developed in the Phase I program for application in a prototype system to be developed in the Phase II.

SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING CORP.(SPEC) 101 West Sixth Street, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 479-7732 Dr. Burt Fowler NAVY 05-158 Awarded: 08FEB06
Title:	MEMS Water Separator for Fuel Cell Systems
Abstract:	Systems and Processes Engineering Corporation (SPEC) proposes a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) approach to fabricate a compact, lightweight, efficient water recovery system for distributed shipboard power systems and unmanned air and undersea vehicles for United States Navy applications. The use of reformed naval logistic diesel fuel such as NATO F-76 and new H2 separation membrane technology allows high-purity H2 to be delivered to fuel cell power systems. Recovering water from the H2 separator membrane raffinate stream while maintaining membrane pressure will result in increased overall system efficiency of advanced energy delivery systems. Using MEMS fabrication techniques will enable reductions in system size and weight leading to improvements in water recovery efficiency. The SPEC design incorporates micro-machined silicon flowplates with integrated cooling channels to extract water from the raffinate stream in a highly efficient manner. Microfluidic channels isolated from the raffinate stream cool the flowplates to condense water vapor from the stream. Separate microfluidic pores collect the liquid water and transport it using capillary force. The MEMS approach also allows the use of electrostatic dehumidification technology to be incorporated into the water separator and thus provides further size reduction and efficiency improvements.

TDA RESEARCH, INC. 12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 940-2321 Dr. Girish Srinivas NAVY 05-158 Awarded: 08FEB06
Title:	Novel Energy Recovery System
Abstract:	Fuel cells are a high efficiency, low footprint and low noise technology that can generate electricity for critical and non-critical military applications aboard Navy ships. Typically shipboard systems are in the 500kWe range. PEM fuel cells only operate on hydrogen gas (H2), that must be relatively free of sulfur and carbon monoxide. In conventional systems, logistics fuel is reformed into hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane. This gas is shifted to increase the hydrogen concentration and then processed in a membrane module where pure hydrogen is extracted for the fuel cell. The gases that do not diffuse through the membrane have currently-unused fuel value. This results in current systems with system efficiencies of only 40%. TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) has developed a process that increases the overall system efficiency from 40% to more than 50%. In our system the energy content of the raffinate is chemically captured and then indirectly transferred to the reformer, eliminating the need to burn extra logistics fuel to supply the endothermic heat of reforming. In Phase I TDA will demonstrate the concept and approach using a laboratory reactor at process temperatures and pressures. We will then conduct a detailed process design and economic analysis.

AEPTEC MICROSYSTEMS, INC. 700 King Farm Boulevard, Suite 600 Rockville, MD 20850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 670-6779 Mr. Jing Lin NAVY 05-159 Awarded: 07FEB06
Title:	Wireless Pressure Sensors With Built-In Calibration Capability
Abstract:	Embedded sensors are finding widespread use in military systems, demanding that accuracy be assured for the entire life cycles of these systems. The U.S. Navy ensures the accuracy of shipboard sensors via scheduled calibrations and/or maintenance procedures (a manually intensive process). Developing new sensors with automated calibration capability is of primary importance. Leveraging research and simulation work currently being conducted by the University of California (UC) and the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS), 3eTI will demonstrate the feasibility of a wireless MEMS pressure sensor with built-in calibration (BIC). The proposed work will be based upon the conceptual design consisting of the following three primary components: 1) an integrated MEMS sensor/actuator system, 2) a wireless communication network; and 3) a power-harvesting device tailored for a typical shipboard environment. The integrated sensor/actuator system has two operation modes, i.e., the sensing mode and the calibration mode. The overall objective is to demonstrate the feasibility of the wireless MEMS pressure sensor with built-in calibration. Phase I will focus on demonstrating the most important functionality of this design, i.e., automated calibration over a wireless network. The 3eTI Team will conduct this demonstration by hybridizing bench scale testing with computer simulations and provide a prototype design by developing the key component technological milestones.

ARISETEK, LLC 2927 Club Oak Fayetteville, AR 72701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 324-1645 Mr. Joseph Mallon NAVY 05-159 Awarded: 07FEB06
Title:	Wireless Sensor Enabling Self Calibration and Condition Based Maintenance
Abstract:	This SBIR proposal is for development of a ruggedized pressure sensor having capability to monitor its' own health, recalibrate if necessary, and wirelessly report its' status along with measured values. The proposed sensor substantially reduces the need for re-calibration by employing aerospace-proven silicon MEMS technology and digital compensation circuitry. Ongoing comparisons of redundant sensors will provide diagnostic information on hard failures and identify soft failures requiring calibration. Self calibration is accomplished without requiring service interruption to operate isolation valves by employing a simple, cost-effective Simulated Pressure Generator (SPG). For slope calibration, a short duration positive pressure pulse is applied to determine sensor sensitivity. For null calibration, the SPG provides a negative pressure pulse which, coupled with composite sensor technology, allows the sensing element to be momentarily decoupled from the applied pressure. An algorithm will be applied to self calibrate both slope and null offset. Initial analysis confirms that a battery pack can be designed to provide standalone power for a period of two years. Phase I deliverables include prototype test results demonstrating feasibility of SPG and battery pack functionality; component and wireless design; plans for fabrication and procurement of key components; and a technology development roadmap with Phase II/III milestones.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-4760 Dr. Dan Xiang NAVY 05-159 Awarded: 07FEB06
Title:	MEMS-Based Capacitive Pressure Sensors with Self-Calibration Capability
Abstract:	In this proposal, Intelligent Automation Inc. (IAI) along with its subcontractor, Professor Lynn Fuller, from Rochester Institute of Technology, proposes to develop innovative sensor architectures, electronics, and software techniques to provide the pressure sensor with capabilities of built-in self-testing and undertaking wireless communication to transmit relevant data. This effort will result in the development of a miniature, low power, self-calibrating, wireless smart sensor system that will be suitable for monitoring the pressure of mechanized control systems in surface ships and submarines. The key innovation of our proposed approach lies in the novel design and development of a Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System (MEMS) based capacitive pressure sensor. The proposed design allows for an accurate electrostatic force to be generated and applied to the sensor's diaphragm, and the simultaneous precise measurement of the resulting displacement of the diaphragm caused as a result of the application of that force. This unique ability provides us the capability to assess a sensor's health by evaluating the changes in the diaphragm's mechanical properties that contribute to the drifts in the sensor's sensitivity and linearity. Advanced electric circuits and embedded real-time algorithms will be developed to implement optimal controls and accurate measurements for pressure readouts, sensor self-calibration, and wireless communications.

MIDE TECHNOLOGY CORP. 200 Boston Avenue Suite 1000 Medford, MA 02155
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 306-0609 Dr. Marthinus C. van Schoor NAVY 05-159 Awarded: 07FEB06
Title:	Self Calibrating Wireless Pressure Sensor (SCWPS)
Abstract:	Mid� is proposing to develop a novel resonant frequency pressure sensor that includes a self-calibrating feature. The pressure sensor has piezo-electric elements bonded to a pressure sensing membrane. Under pressure, the membrane stretches changing the resonant frequencies of the membrane. The piezoelectric elements are used to detect the shift(s) in resonant frequency and the pressure is obtained using a lookup table. Since the approach depends on a dynamic signal, it avoids many of the sensor drift problems associated with supply voltages and noise. Creep of the membrane, the major reason why the sensor will loose accuracy is detected by monitoring the cavity resonant frequency of the reference pressure cavity. Again lookup tables are used to self-calibrate the sensor and thus maintain the accuracy of the output. Phase II will refine the sensor design, add a self-powered feature using Mid�'s energy harvesting technology. Industrialization and in fleet testing of an advanced prototypes will achieve a Technology Readiness Level of 5 to 6. In Phase III Mid� will work with the Navy and commercial industry, to develop a packaged, commercial family of wireless pressure sensors with built-in calibration capability covering the full pneumatics and fluids types and ranges required.

BEACON INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS 30 Spinelli Place Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 453-5501 Mr. Mike MacEwen NAVY 05-160 Awarded: 23FEB06
Title:	Automation of Equipment/System Isolation and Safety Tag-out for Maintenance Actions
Abstract:	Maintenance tag-out is a procedure that is part of many maintenance actions that happen daily whether onboard a ship in a maintenance depot or even a manufacturing environment. Typically, this is a manual and paper-based task that consumes considerable time and effort. Our vision is to create a modular software solution with three major areas of functionality. These are 1) the determination of the need for tag-out; 2) support of the tag-out process; and 3) automatic isolation. Together these will enable users to quickly and safely tag-out systems or components. Based on our open architecture and modular approach, it can be the first step along the path to an increasingly automated process The solution will include the capability to build performance models and do time-based studies in order to isolate best practices and optimized tag-out schemes and configurations. Over time, this will lead to an even greater reduction in MTTR.

FOARD SYSTEMS DESIGN, INC. 1906 Hwy. 54E, Suite 200E Durham, NC 27713
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(919) 544-2979 Mr. William W. Foard NAVY 05-160 Awarded: 23FEB06
Title:	Automation of Equipment/System Isolation and Safety Tag-out for Maintenance Actions
Abstract:	The proposal outlines the use of rapid protyping techniques to create a functional small scale feasibility system and documentation to provide a demonstration of the features needed in a full-scale automated isolation and tag-out system. It will use a highly innovative, patented network control technology that provides a reliable, low cost means to interconnect thousands of remote sensor and control devices. The prototype will be based on existing controller products and software that provide a graphical user interface, ease of configuration, and built in network self-diagnostic capabilities.

PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP. 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 449-1272 Mr. Michael Dickey NAVY 05-160 Awarded: 23FEB06
Title:	Automation of Equipment/System Isolation and Safety Tag-out for Maintenance Actions
Abstract:	Develop and demonstrate a means of automating the functions inherent in isolating and tagging out a system(s) or component(s) that require maintenance

APTIMA, INC. 12 Gill Street, Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 496-2458 Dr. Enio E. Velazco NAVY 05-161 Awarded: 03FEB06
Title:	Knowledge and Experiences of Expert Labor (KEEL)
Abstract:	The shipbuilding industry has a large number of workers that are close to retirement. With their departure a great deal of expertise, wisdom, and institutional knowledge will be leaving the workforce. This loss could lead to inefficiency and higher costs in the shipbuilding process. A method of capturing and transferring this experience and knowledge to junior workers would reduce the impact of the departure of the expert workers. KEEL, the envisioned product of this SBIR, is a unique tool that will accelerate the training of junior workers by facilitating the transfer of knowledge from experienced workers even years after their retirement. The core of the tool is a knowledge framework based on dimensions within the shipbuilding process that are known to affect productivity. Two interfaces will touch the knowledge framework: a knowledge capture interface and a knowledge playback interface. The knowledge capture interface will systematically elicit the experiences and lessons of the retiring workforce. The knowledge playback interface will allow the junior employee to access these lessons when in need of guidance.

KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS, INC. 10455 Pacific Center Court, Suite 285 San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 657-2121 Mr. Kenneth Wolsey NAVY 05-161 Awarded: 03FEB06
Title:	Improved Work Performance in a Shipbuilding Environment
Abstract:	KSS recognizes the complexity involved in the ship lifecycle. A significant step in improving this process is to convert implicit knowledge into explicit knowledge as knowledge bases that capture, organize, manage, store, and find knowledge and information so they can be reused and improved throughout the lifecycle. Modeling this knowledge in knowledge bases gives the Navy and shipbuilders a significant new capability to model and simulate projects, systems, and processes to plan, coordinate, model and track all aspects of ship modernization. KSS has identified a feasible solution that can be incrementally implemented to capture the knowledge and experience of an aging and retiring workforce, leveraging three important knowledge resources; the Internet, the desktop/private server networks, and personal knowledge bases.

ASSETT, INC. 8616 Phoenix Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 365-8970 Mr. Galen Plunkett NAVY 05-162 Awarded: 22FEB06
Title:	Obsolescence Management Decision Making and Planning Tool
Abstract:	The pace of technology advancements with corresponding products applicable to a wide variety of uses necessitates the incorporation of systemic technology related planning. This SBIR will demonstrate an approach that provides solution alternatives and supporting quantitative analysis capabilities for decision making and planning to support truly proactive obsolescence management. ASSETT Inc. proposes to combine its technology refresh planning methodology, currently implemented across the US Submarine Force, and our successful initial efforts on our SBIR N05-053 TIPP tool development with the lessons learned from similar support to commercial technology firms. In using open and documented standards, ASSETT's proposed Obsolescence Management Decision Making and Planning (OMDP) tool will be applicable to both government and commercial customers, as well as, seamlessly integrating with an organization's current technical and management processes. The resultant product is projected to: (1) focus on proactive obsolescence management, (2) identify appropriate front-end design approaches to plan for and avoid obsolescence impacts, and (3) relate system capability sustainment as a function of technology refresh. Results from this tool will be easily configurable to support a wide variety of complimentary decision support systems.

DECISIVE ANALYTICS CORP. 1235 South Clark Street, Suite 400 Arlington, VA 22202
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 414-5106 Mr. Mike Colony NAVY 05-162 Awarded: 22FEB06
Title:	Obsolescence Management Decision Making and Planning Tool
Abstract:	The scope and complexity of the DD(X) design, which includes the integration of new advanced combat systems in a Total Ship Computing Environment (TSCE), is unprecedented for the U.S. Navy. The intent of the DD(X) program is to incrementally insert new technologies into each block build of DD(X) ships over the next fifteen years. The result of this approach will be a fleet of ships in which many components used in each block may be different, as advances in technology and microelectronics will cause components used in the first ship to become obsolete, before the last ship goes into production. Considering that the service life of ships and military weapons systems is increasing while the manufacturing life of many critical components is getting shorter, addressing and planning obsolescence mitigation and Diminishing Manufacturing Sources and Material Shortages (DMSMS) actions early will save time, reduce lifetime costs and increase availability of critical systems. The goal of this research is to utilize state-of-the-art technologies within a web-based architecture to provide Obsolescence Managers with an analysis tool suite that performs analysis at any level, from component to ship segment and continuously and autonomously updates reports, allowing them to confidently develop realistic obsolescence mitigation strategies.

GALORATH, INC. 100 North Sepulveda Blvd., Suite 1801 El Segundo, CA 90245
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 414-3222 Mr. Lee Fischman NAVY 05-162 Awarded: 22FEB06
Title:	Obsolescence Management Decision Making and Planning Tool
Abstract:	Large capital systems, particularly military hardware, are expected to last many years longer than the refresh cycle of their component technologies. Weapons systems will be fielded containing relatively obsolescent components, perhaps even before initial deployment. The question is, to what extent should obsolescence be allowed to impact mission requirements, and how can obsolescence costs best be mitigated? In today's cost estimating models, obsolescence is not even directly accounted for, despite its impact. As the pace of technological change quickens and technologies obsolesce more rapidly, the need to plan for and mitigate its effects will grow. Galorath will develop a complete obsolescence planning system and fully integrate this into its SEER-H hardware cost prediction tool. This will enable seamless integration of obsolescence awareness and planning with a complete development, production, operations and support cost analysis tool. SEER-H is among the most widely used, commercially available hardware costing solutions. The addition of obsolescence planning would translate into instant customer success and leverage DoD goals as an already large and growing user base gains access to it. These users are largely Defense contractors who would thus be able to engage in more sophisticated obsolescence planning for Government systems.

PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP. 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 368-6107 Dr. Michael Hertz NAVY 05-162 Awarded: 22FEB06
Title:	Obsolescence Management Decision Making and Planning Tool
Abstract:	Progeny Systems proposes to create a Bayesian Decision Network (BDN) based simulation that relates program and technical variables and makes projections as to the Total Ownership Cost of a system. This proposal discusses an incremental approach to the creation of a simulation environment that would enable the sponsor to clearly see the impacts of various technological and organizational decisions. Through accurate modeling and optimizing technology insertion, Progeny Systems can facilitate and enable the Navy with the ability to apply mature and cutting edge technologies that optimize the technical composition of the system.

HARMONIA, INC. 1715 Pratt Drive, Suite 2820 Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 951-5901 Dr. Marc Abrams NAVY 05-163 Selected for Award
Title:	Tools for Rapid Insertion or Adaptation of Combat System Capabilities
Abstract:	We propose developing the Software Analysis through Visual Extraction (SAVE) tool, a visual programming and architecture adaptation plugin to Harmonia's Legacy Analysis Workbench (LAW). SAVE is specifically targeted at providing new functionality to model, visualize, and extract design artifacts and architectural components from combat system architectures and software. The existing system is modeled behind the scenes in platform-independent XML, allowing us to design visualizations for the modeling language and apply them to multiple importable implementation languages. Our model is constructed by translating existing software into the XML modeling language. We then manipulate the model using SAVE and generate the adapted system from the new model. The model provides the foundational representation that allows us to modify and adapt code structures on the fly for rapid deployment to the warfighter.

INNOVATIVE DEFENSE TECHNOLOGIES 3150 South Street, NW, Suite PH2A Washington, DC 20007
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(202) 293-1225 Mr. Richard W. Carroll NAVY 05-163 Selected for Award
Title:	The Innovative Application of Commercial Automated Testing Tools for Rapid Insertion or Adapation of Combat System Capabilities
Abstract:	The Navy's systems today are largely software based, growing in complexity, and becoming more and more dependent on the successful re-use of software developed from other programs. Despite the advances in development practices and tools, the goals of accelerating the rate at which systems can be delivered and reducing their costs cannot be met by simply writing software faster without comparable improvement in the practices and tools for testing the software. A very significant cost, schedule, and technical advantage over conventional methods is possible using predominately existing or emerging testing methodologies and COTS tools to provide rapid, affordable and comprehensive automatic testing and re-testing for combat system developments or modifications. These automated testing processes and tools will enable swift insertion of innovative and advanced combat system technologies into the complex open-architecture framework of naval tactical and surveillance operations.

INSTAKNOW.COM, INC. 1624 Raspberry Court Edison, NJ 08817
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(908) 754-9500 Mr. Paul Khandekar NAVY 05-163 Selected for Award
Title:	Tools for Rapid Insertion or Adaptation of Combat System Capabilities
Abstract:	Instaknow Inc. has developed a highly unique, patented real-time process automation platform, the Instaknow-ACE r (Active Collaboration Engine). Instaknow-ACE implements the SOA and BPM capabilities in a radically advanced manner, using "Non-intrusive Model Driven Architecture (n-MDA)". Once the composite choreographic business solution is modeled using friendly graphical interfaces, the model becomes the live operational solution, without needing additional programming and without costly XML modifications to existing applications. By avoiding programming costs in the composite layer and eliminating the need for XML programming changes to all other systems, n-MDA materializes the "Agile Enterprise" benefits of SOA and BPM without the major expense, time and risk of heavily programmed, intrusive deployments. Extensive discussions with other system owners about XML formats and standards are avoided because Instaknow-ACE can do real-time interactions with any other application without XML, using patented "non-intrusive interaction" technology advances. Instaknow's "No Change to Existing Systems" process automation approach results in avoidance of huge amount of technical analysis, design, coding, testing efforts and costs, freeing up technology staff and budgets to deliver other new, strategically valuable business systems. An operation that can respond quickly to changing business requirements, automate and empower decision-making, create real time collaboration across the enterprise and the Web, while leveraging existing systems, can now be achieved with minimal resources and investment.

VARILOG RESEARCH, INC. 5020 Sunnyside Ave., Suite 203 Beltsville, MD 20705
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 474-3676 Dr. Robert B. Scher NAVY 05-163 Selected for Award
Title:	Tools for Rapid Insertion or Adaptation of Combat System Capabilities
Abstract:	A software tool/component for improving platform identification performance in shipboard Combat Direction systems is proposed. The component, once embedded in an overall system, will provide an extensible foundation for the addition or refinement of sensors and off-board data sources, thus enabling rapid insertion of new technologies. A specification for the component will be developed in light of existing ID processing architecture as distributed among sensors, the Combat Direction system core, and human operators. Methods for deriving the additional data required to achieve ID improvement will be investigated.

---------- MDA ----------

177 Phase I Selections from the 05.3 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

CORNERSTONE RESEARCH GROUP, INC. 2750 Indian Ripple Rd. Dayton, OH 45440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 320-1877 Matthew C Everhart MDA 05-001 Selected for Award
Title:	Fail-Safe Thermal Activation Components for Insensitive Munitions
Abstract:	Cornerstone Research Group, Inc. (CRG), proposes the development of heat-activated pressure venting mechanisms actuated by shape memory polymers (SMP) as a means for meeting insensitive munitions (IM) requirements for ammunition containers. SMP composite materials provide the same strength as conventional composites at normal operating temperatures. However, at a threshold activation temperature, these novel materials soften to a controlled modulus of elasticity and thereby allow a predictable deformation under load. Upon cooling below the activation temperature, the material reverts to its original strength, but retains the new shape to which it deformed while soft. SMP-actuated pressure venting mechanisms coupled with conventional ammunition containers will provide failsafe venting during fast and slow cook-offs. Also, the development of these pressure venting mechanisms will offer the ability to produce non-electronic temperature monitoring systems.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Dr. Ana Racoveanu MDA 05-001 Selected for Award
Title:	Developing Insensitive Munitions Technology for Missile Defense
Abstract:	Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) and its team member, Aerojet, propose to evaluate Insensitive Munitions (IM) compliant propellants for large diameter SRMs by using a novel energetic mixed furazan plasticizer with low sensitivity, good energy and good density. It is recognized that "energy compartmentalization" is critical to reducing the response of energetic propellants to unplanned stimuli. This plasticizer is expected to be superior to current plasticizers (e.g. Butyl NENA) in that it does not contain a thermally unstable nitrato group and shock sensitive nitramine group, but does contain the favorable nitrofurazan group. The proposed nitrofurazan plasticizer will impart better propellant IM response through the reduction in propensity for fuel fire, shock or bullet/frag ignition. PSI will provide Aerojet with 25 grams of the nitrofurazan for testing by Small Scale Gap Test and Calorimetry. On a potential Phase II program, PSI will scale-up the synthesis and Aerojet will formulate the plasticizer in a propellant mixture and provide more thorough propellant characterization. PSI and Aerojet will show a path to the nitrofurazan commercial manufacture.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Dr. Bryan V. Bergeron MDA 05-001 Selected for Award
Title:	Insensitive Nanomaterial-Impregnated Solid Rocket Propellant
Abstract:	Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop and test new solid rocket propellant formulations that incorporate innovative oxidizer/fuel nanocomposites in binders. The energy release rates of the highly exothermic nanocomposite reactions will be increased due to the intimate contact between the fuel and oxidizer particles at nanoscale dimensions. The particle size and size distribution will be measured and found to be homogeneous throughout the samples. These nanocomposites will be mixed with various binders and standard additives to increase propulsion performance. Reaction mixtures will be combusted in a nitrogen environment and the pressure and temperature responses will be measured. The materials will be tested for impact and friction sensitivity. In Phase II, new ingredients will be synthesized, characterized, incorporated within formulations, modeled, and combusted to meet or exceed current IM test criteria.

CAE-NET 1033 Third Avenue SW, Suite 210 Carmel, IN 46032
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(317) 496-2884 Dr. Josh Nema MDA 05-002 Selected for Award
Title:	Developing New Insensitive Munitions Packaging Solutions for Missile Defense
Abstract:	Dr. Nema, Principal Investigator for this proposal, is currently working on a smaller diameter project for DoD. We are working on Torpedoes, Missiles, and lunch tubes which have failed the DoD codes for fast cook off, slow cook off, 50 caliber high speed bullet penetration, and fragment impact. We have made considerable progress through use of Modeling and Simulation tools such as LS-DYNA, ANSYS Multi-Physics and the INERTIA Engineering System. INERTIA Multi-physics Engineering system has been developed by Dr. Nema during the last 18 years. He is also teaching modeling, simulation, and applied finite element analysis at Indiana University, Purdue University-Indianapolis(IUPUI). Our current applied research is focused on exactly the same IM compliance such as STANAG 4375, STANAG 4396, STANAG 4439, STANAG 4382, STANAG 4241, MIL-STD-2105, and MIL-STD-2105B. The objective of this program is to develop innovative insensitive munitions packaging concepts to protect solid rocket motors (SRM) greater then 12 inches in diameter or greater from unplanned stimuli such as heat, shock and bullet/fragment impact. Our current simulation models show that bullet and fragment temperatures are higher that propellant igniting temperature. We have also found out that due to current highly conductive material used in SRMs, inside temperature is higher that igniting temperature of propellant due to high rate of fast cook off radiation force and high conductive properties. SRMs react to fire flame fast cook off and oven slow cook off. Technical objective of this proposal is to continue our Anti-Ballistic anti radiation applied research for greater than six inch missiles, lunch tubes and gas generators. We are simulating a special polymer-ceramic- fabric composite structure as protective container for four missiles containers. Are initial results for six inch tubes are very good.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Dr. Aaron Small MDA 05-002 Selected for Award
Title:	Flame Retardant Ballistic Materials for Missile Defense
Abstract:	Missile defense systems are now required to conform to the insensitive munitions requirements of MIL STD 2105C. Meeting such requirements in the ballistic missile defense system will require a layered approach involving modified shipping containers and canisters, improvements in solid rocket motor casings, and less sensitive solid rocket propellant. For mobile defense systems deployed in forward positions (such as PAC-3 and THAAD), it is particularly useful to address the container/canister since any improvements made to meet MIL STD 2105C will also prolong the field life of systems exposed to incoming fire. In the case of PAC-3, the canister is the shipping container. In the case of THAAD, it is field transported in a MRP. As such, weight is of key concern in both systems. Luna Innovations will examine lightweight, flame retardant ballistic laminates as well as potential design modifications to existing canisters that will mitigate thermal and ballistic threats.

MECHANICAL SOLUTIONS, INC. 11 Apollo Drive Whippany, NJ 07981
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(973) 326-9920 Mr. Keith B. Olasin MDA 05-002 Selected for Award
Title:	Developing New Insensitive Munitions Packaging Solutions for Missile Defense
Abstract:	Driven partly by a succession of catastrophic accidents, the U.S. armed services began insensitive munitions (IM) technology development some time ago. However, most of these efforts to date, including new packaging technologies, have focused on tactical applications such as bombs, small missiles, and tank ammunition, and have effectively left the large solid-fueled rocket IM state-of-the-art dangerously far behind. Mechanical Solutions, Inc.'s (MSI) proposed project will develop a system of complimentary mechanical designs that will bring IM technology to large solid rocket motor (SRM) packaging. Generally the most common IM threat to large SRMs is unplanned thermal energy input from sources such as external fires or from the friction of penetrating bullets and projectiles, which can cause the propellant to auto-ignite. MSI's IM packaging system will consist of simple, reliable, shape memory alloy activated vents located strategically to eliminate confinement, a layer of light weight syntactic foam to provide substantial impact energy absorption and thermal insulation, an outer ballistic layer for additional high velocity fragment impact protection, and an internal solid lubricant transfer system to reduce friction heat energy if projectile penetration of the SRM occurs. These individual threat-optimized IM technologies will function together to create a comprehensive IM packaging system.

V SYSTEM COMPOSITES/DR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1015 E. Discovery Lane Anaheim, CA 92801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 619-8560 Mr. Scott Holmes MDA 05-002 Selected for Award
Title:	Integrated Composite Armor and Structure for Lightweight Shipping Containers and Launch Canisters for Ballistic Impact Protection of Interceptor Solid Rocket Motors ( PVSC05-055)
Abstract:	Missile solid rocket motors (SRMs) are vulnerable to small arms fire and blast fragments that may penetrate the missile motor case during transportation and deployment, resulting in potential loss of the launcher, launcher crew and complement of missiles. The challenges is to provide a low cost and lightweight armor solution that will protect the shipping containers and missile launch canisters from small arms fire and blast fragment threats while meeting insensitive munitions (IM) criteria. The VSC Team proposes an innovative, low cost and producible integrated armor and composite structure packaging solution that mitigates IM threats for large diameter SRMs by improving ballistic protection. This innovative IM packaging solution uses V System Composites (VSC) HyPerSHIELD ballistic protection concept coupled with the HyPerVARTMr composite manufacturing process for building large, affordable unitized structures with aerospace level quality. In Phase I, feasibility of these IM packaging improvements will be developed and demonstrated for the Kinetic Energy Interceptor (KEI) missile system through design, analysis, and material characterization testing. The Phase II program will build on Phase I concepts with the design, fabrication and testing of prototype sub-scale articles that verify analysis predictions, and evaluate ballistic performance of the integrally armored composite structure against IM threats.

WRIGHT MATERIALS RESEARCH CO. 1187 Richfield Center Beavercreek, OH 45430
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 431-8811 Dr. Seng C. Tan MDA 05-002 Selected for Award
Title:	Lightweight shipping container for solid rocket motor with Insensitive Munitions
Abstract:	It is desirable to manufacture shipping containers for large solid rocket motors (SRM) insensitive munitions (IM) up to 50-in in diameter. Shipping or packaging containers of SRM should have good thermal insulation, lightweight, ballistic resistant, high temperature, corrosion resistant, and damage resistant properties in addition to several IM requirements. Missiles are usually transported in a container and are fired from a separate device. Currently used shipping containers for MDA SRMs do not have sufficient combined ballistic resistant capability and IM characteristics. Each container weighs several thousand pounds and some of them do not have flame resistant properties. This makes the SRM and missiles very vulnerable in their container during shipping. In this SBIR project Wright Materials Research Co. will team up with Lockheed Martin Missile and Fire Control (LMMFC-D) to manufacture and evaluate lightweight hybrid composites for MDA's applications. The proposed technology will be most beneficial to MDA's systems including shipping containers for very large SRMs, Ground Based Interceptor (GBI) missile containers, Patriot Advanced Capability-3 (PAC-3), Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missiles, and missile cases. In particular, we will develop and manufacture IM shipping containers for SRM up to 50-in in diameter. In addition to the desirable properties mentioned above the proposed shipping containers should be able to defeat level III ball and level IV AP threats. Our preliminary studies indicate that our foamed composites can defeat LPS and NIJ level IV rounds at close vicinity. The proposed hybrid composites should also have the ability to defeat high speed fragmentation impact that MDA systems encounter. If successfully developed, the proposed lightweight containers would have an immediate niche market in the shipping and transportation and insulation industries.

MILTEC CORP. 678 Discovery Drive Huntsville, AL 35806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 428-1407 Mr. Marvin Magill MDA 05-003 Selected for Award
Title:	Developing Insensitive Munitions Modeling and Simulations for Missile Defense
Abstract:	The effective design of weapon systems is often dependent upon the proper explosives and propellant formulations being not only enhanced in performance but still being safe to handle and use. Understanding the phenomena, which determines the degree of sensitivity the particular propellant/explosive composition has to stressful events, is critical to understanding and predicting its behavior. Our approach will look at behavior correlations among empirical test data, infrared spectrometry data, hydrocode and statistical analysis to establish if there is a relationship in chemical bonding structure or makeup to the sensitivity of an explosive to impact. In industry the use of infrared spectroscopy is common; more specifically Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR/FTIS) in this case, is of interest for analysis of binder HTPB. One potential approach to defining sensitivity is to define an algorithm to characterize insensitive munitions (IM). In this case the modified Jacobs-Roslund High Explosive Initiation (HEI) model equations will be applied. Background research of previous documentation of interest that can potentially be applied to IM analysis will be done. This data will be organized into a relational database. Correlation of data into baseline sets and review of test results which would be expected from performing FTIR samples for IM's will be conducted. Based on the empirical test results, code analysis, FTIR data, hydrocode, Cheetah simulations and sensitivity algorithm parameters of interest, a representative approach will be developed to achieve an algorithm which describes sensitivity on an IM to impact.

BODKIN DESIGN & ENGINEERING, LLC P.O. Box 81386 Wellesley, MA 02481
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 795-1968 Mr. Andrew Bodkin MDA 05-004 Selected for Award
Title:	Hyperspectral/Multispectral imaging for transient events
Abstract:	The development of a multiband, stand-off detector with both MWIR imaging, hyper-spectral imaging, and ultra-high-resolution, high-speed Fourier transform spectroscopy is proposed. In the Phase I work, a high-rate, multiband, spatial heterodyne spectrometer will be developed to analyze missile intercept products of combustion.

NOVASPECTRA, INC. 777 Silver Spur Road, Suite 112 Rolling Hills Estate, CA 90274
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 408-3225 Dr. William S. Chan MDA 05-004 Selected for Award
Title:	100-KHz Hyper-spectral FPAs for Transient Events
Abstract:	We propose to develop three ultra-fast focal plane arrays (FPAs) with 100 K frames per second and dynamically tunable over the 0.20-1.20 micron spectral range to obtain spatial as well as spectral images of a transient fireball evolved from an interceptor kill. These images are then used for assessing the nature of the kill. Each FPA consists of 256x256 fast PIN photodiodes each integrated with a micro interferometer tunable to pass wavebands at a microsecond speed to provide fast hyper-spectral images. The first FPA covers the 0.20 - 0.40 micron range; the second the 0.40 - 0.80 micron range, and the third 0.80 - 1.20 micron range. By partitioning the FPA into 8 segments, each containing A/D converters and interface circuits, massively-parallel readout at a data rate of 64 Gbps is achieved to sustain a FPA frame rate in excess of 100 KHz. The FPAs are fabricated entirely of silicon (Si) for robustness, reliability and producibility using commercial foundries for production at low cost. Depending on the kill assessment procedure, the post-FPA parallel processing can store up to 10 thousand frames for analysis. Phase I will analyze, model and design the FPA structures and layouts for 100 KHz speed, delineate the processes for fabrication and fabricate a simple structure to demonstrate its fabricability. Phase II will fabricate the FPAs based on the model established in Phase I and test it with supporting optics and electronics for 100 KHz frame rate. Phase III will prototype and test the 100 KHz FPAs.

SCIENTIFIC SOLUTIONS, INC. 55 Middlesex street Chelmsford, MA 01863
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 251-4554 Dr. John Noto MDA 05-004 Selected for Award
Title:	Quad channel hyperspectral imager for high speed atomic spectral characterization
Abstract:	Proposed here is a novel approach to multi-spectral imaging that can be used for post-kill fireball analysis. This technology will allow for the rapid determination of the metallic content of a fireball. Using recently developed technology this system has a narrower bandwidth and greater continuum rejection of any competing system. In Phase I a brass-board prototype of the essential dispersing element will be constructed and in Phase II several imaging system will be developed. Each system will have a variable FOV and plate scale as well as sensitivity from 350 nm to 1000nm. The data cube produced by this hyperspectral imager is small enough to not be too taxing for most telemetry systems.

SPECTRAL SCIENCES, INC. 4 Fourth Avenue Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 273-4770 Dr. Marsha Fox MDA 05-004 Selected for Award
Title:	Hyperspectral/Multispectral imaging for transient events
Abstract:	There is a long-standing need for the development of fast single-frame spectral imaging instrumentation, also known as a "snapshot" or "flash" spectral imager, to study fast transient phenomena where retrieval of 3-dimensional hyperspectral data cubes provides crucial information. Spectral Sciences, Inc. proposes to develop the Multiplexing Array Spectral Camera (MASC) a snapshot spectral imager which acquires multiplexed spatial and spectral data with high optical collection efficiency and with the speed limited only by the readout time of the detector circuitry. The concept proposed allows a wide range of design tradeoffs for specific applications, and uses relatively mature component technologies to reduce the development risk. The performance of the instrument, as modeled in this proposal, indicates that projected MDA requirements for advanced transient target sensing can be satisfied. The concept offers a foundation on which further advanced spectral imagers can be based, with unprecedented flexibility in spectral, spatial and temporal data acquisition. In Phase I we will build and test a feasibility demonstration prototype, and develop an engineering design for a Phase II system. In Phase II, we will construct a pre-production prototype instrument suitable for low-volume production.

AMERICAN GNC CORP. 888 Easy Street Simi Valley, CA 93065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 582-0582 Dr. Tasso Politopoulos MDA 05-005 Selected for Award
Title:	Low Cost, High Data Rate MEMS IMU for Exo-Atmospheric Seeker
Abstract:	The objective of this project is to demonstrate an innovative approach to integrate the AGNC MEMS coremicro IMU and Sensor Electronics in a way that reduces weight, size and cost of the Integrated IMU/Sensor Electronics for exo-atmospheric seeker performance enhancement. This Phase I project will demonstrate the feasibility of realizing low cost, high data rate coremicro IMUs for exo-atmospheric Integrated IMU/Sensor Electronics. As such, the proposed evaluation of this premier technology can render AGNC��s proposed low cost, high data rate coremicro IMU technology the best possible solution for pursuing the IMU technology component of MDA��s exo-atmospheric Integrated IMU/Sensor Electronics topic. In Phase I, efforts are focused on assessing needs, identifying requirements and conducting analytical/experimental tests and demonstration for results using coremicro IMU to establish performance criteria and design specifications leading to subsequent prototype development in Phase II. Furthermore, the AGNC IMU testing and calibration system shall be utilized for design evaluation. Through efforts of the project, Integrated IMU/Sensor Electronics will be further enhanced in reliability, accuracy, size, weight, and data rate to fully meet the Integrated IMU/Sensor Electronics requirements.

AVYD DEVICES, INC. 2925 COLLEGE AVENUE, UNIT A-1 COSTA MESA, CA 92626
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 751-8553 Dr. Honnavalli R Vydyanath MDA 05-005 Selected for Award
Title:	Multi-Color LWIR/LWIR FPA Technology For Exo-Atmospheric Seeker Performance Enhancement
Abstract:	Phase I effort focuses on demonstrating the feasibility of our approach to develop a technology to fabricate large format Multi-Color HgCdTe FPAs. In Phase II, we plan to validate the feasibility established in Phase I with demonstration and delivery of large format two-dimensional arrays hybridized to silicon Read Out Integrated Circuits (ROICs).

RADIANCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 350 Wynn Drive Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 489-8963 Dr. Andrew Thies MDA 05-005 Selected for Award
Title:	Exo-Atmospheric Seeker Performance Enhancement
Abstract:	An all-reflective zoom telescope for EKV is proposed to provide a larger field-of-view (FOV) that would shorten search time, enable resolution of objects at longer acquisition ranges, improve on-board discrimination performance, and improve resolution in end game, thereby enhancing aim-point selection. Efforts include the design of the optical surfaces meeting the EKV form factor prescription, optomechanical design of the telescope, electrical design of the actuation system, assessment of the telescope performance relative to system requirements, and development of fabrication and test plans.

BREAULT RESEARCH ORGANIZATION 6400 E. Grant Road, Suite 350 Tucson, AZ 85715
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 721-0500 Dr. Gary Peterson MDA 05-006 Selected for Award
Title:	Requirements Definition and Preliminary Design for a Stray Light Test Station
Abstract:	The Missile Defense Agency (MDA) seeks innovations that "ease the effort required to perform integration and testing." One specific MDA interest is "metrology technologies for the rejection of stray light." Controlling stray light in ballistic missile defense (BMD) sensors is essential to target detection, discrimination and acquisition. Defense sensors must contend with the sun, the moon, the earth limb, and countermeasures, at virtually any angle relative to the sensor boresight. If a sensor is blinded by the sun or lured away by a countermeasure the result is no different than a failed launch. Therefore, mission assurance depends on defining realistic stray light requirements, designing sensors to meet those requirements, and verifying (by test) sensor stray light performance. This proposal response addresses stray light testing. In Phase 1 work we plan to define requirements and complete the preliminary design for a stray light test station for missile defense sensors.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Mr. Barry Polakowski MDA 05-006 Selected for Award
Title:	Manufacturing and Assembly of Innovative Electro-Optical Components and Systems
Abstract:	Fiber optic data links are inherently protected from radiation and can provide significant weight savings for space-based applications. The goal of this SBIR is to create a distributed fiber optic bus to connect modular electronics within a space vehicle which would also improve bandwidth without modifying the current electronics designs. The output of the Phase I shall be a system configuration document which will be used to create a functional prototype during the Phase II effort.

GALAXY COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS, INC. 9922 E. Montgomery #7 Spokane, WA 99206
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(509) 892-1114 Mr. Gordon Dallas MDA 05-007 Selected for Award
Title:	Advanced Sensor Materials for Space
Abstract:	GaSb substrates have advantages that make them attractive for implementation of very long wavelength infrared (VLWIR) detectors with higher operating temperatures for stealth and space based applications. A significant processing issue for detector fabrication based upon InAs/GaSb and related strained layer superlattices (SLS) is the substrate transmissivity in the VLWIR range. In order to preclude substrate thinning for backside illuminated devices, a extremely low n-type substrate is desired. An opportunity exists to modify the Czochralski growth process to minimize the Ga antisite defect formation and significantly reduce the residual p-type carrier concentration. Using a modified melt stoichiometry, a faster liquid/solid interface rotation speed, and a slow cool ramp profile at the critical temperatures for vacancy formation/vacancy clustering, an extremely low doped n-GaSb boule may be fabricated. Hall Effect carrier concentration and FTIR transmissivity of substrates as a function of boule length will be examined. Deliverables for MBE SLS growth will be supplied to MDA and Raytheon. Phase II will incorporate a boule pull rate parameter and the establishment of a manufacturing process for larger diameter VLWIR suitable substrates. Commercialization of the GaSb substrate surface preparation process is regarded with high probability.

SVT ASSOC., INC. 7620 Executive Drive Eden Prairie, MN 55344
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 934-2100 Dr. Aaron Moy MDA 05-007 Selected for Award
Title:	Improvement of Type II Superlattices by H-Plasma
Abstract:	SVT Associates proposes an innovative atomic Hydrogen enhanced growth and surface preparation technique for high performance Type-II superlattice focal plane array fabrication. This material system is capable of infrared detection from 2 to > 30 micron, depending on layer composition and thickness. Photodetector arrays using this material are of great interest to the DoD for various applications including, in particular, optical detection and tracking of missiles. Hydrogen atomic flux has already been shown to improve other III-V growth, such as InAs. Applying the Hydrogen treatment to the superlattice should result in smoother substrate surfaces, higher material purity and more abrupt superlattice interfaces, all important factors that should significantly enhance device operation. We intend to characterize the positive effects of this Hydrogen process in superlattice structures in Phase I. In Phase II we will refine the Hydrogen process to realize Type-II superlattice discrete detectors and detector arrays.

CAPESYM, INC. 6 Huron Drive, Suite 1B Natick, MA 01760
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 653-7100 Dr. Matthew Overholt MDA 05-008 Selected for Award
Title:	Low Defect LWIR Substrates by the Detached Growth Method
Abstract:	This proposal is focused on the development of a novel method for the growth of low-dislocation-density, high-purity, and low-precipitate-concentration CdZnTe and CdSeTe crystals for use as substrates for MCT detectors. This work is motivated by the observation that II-VI compound semiconductors grown detached from the containment wall in space, as well as other materials grown on earth, have exhibited significantly lower dislocation density and higher purity. This program will seek to grow detached Cd(Zn,Se)Te crystals through the development of a feedback-controlled detached growth process, where the signals generated by a non-intrusive sensor are used to maintain a detachment gap of the order of 50-100 microns between the growing crystal and the ampoule.

EPIR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 590 Territorial Drive, Suite B Bolingbrook, IL 60440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(630) 771-0203 Mr. Rasdip Singh MDA 05-008 Selected for Award
Title:	Lattice Matched Substrates for Mercury Cadmium Telluride growth by MBE
Abstract:	Many advanced HgCdTe (MCT) infrared detector structures are grown by the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) technique, which is especially sensitive to small imperfections, impurities, precipitates, and polishing damage on the substrate surface. In order to achieve very high crystalline quality MCT structures, the substrate surface must be of superior quality (MBE-quality). EPIR demonstrated the ability to create superior CZT surfaces using innovative non-contact and pressure dependent polishing methods and our proprietary chemical polishing solutions. Our polished CZT substrates were qualified by growing MCT epi-layers by MBE. These MBE epi-layers exhibited state-of-the-art X-ray FWHM values and low (10^5 cm-2) etch pit density. In the Phase I effort, we will substantially improve the quality of our CZT substrate surfaces using the new, fully automated, ultra-high-precision polishing system designed and fabricated by EPIR. The system is capable of batch polishing very large (up to 64 cm^2) area substrates. We propose innovative ideas to create a true "epi-ready" CZT surface and eliminate the need for end-user surface pretreatments prior to MBE growth. We will grow and characterize MCT by MBE to qualify our polished substrates and work with our industrial partners to commercialize "epi-ready" MBE-quality CZT substrates.

ADA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 8100 Shaffer Parkway, Suite #130 Littleton, CO 80127
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 792-5615 Dr. Tom Campbell MDA 05-009 Selected for Award
Title:	Innovative Concepts for Next Generation Infrared Detector Arrays for Missile Defense
Abstract:	ADA Technologies proposes to develop advanced quality semiconductor substrates to address the needs of the Missile Defense Agency for research and development of innovative ideas leading to the development of a new class of sensitive infrared Focal Plane Arrays (FPAs) suitable for missile defense sensors and commercialization. Since GaSb substrates are prone to defect migration and elemental diffusion into the epitaxial layers, traditional GaSb wafers can reduce detectivity of type-II heterostructure layers InGaSb/InAs and thus impede fabrication of high quality FPAs. The proposed research will study a new class of substrate materials as a replacement for GaSb. New materials will be designed during bulk crystal growth to eliminate defect migration and contain elemental diffusion relative to epitaxial growth of the critical detection layers. In collaboration with an industrial world leader in IR detector device fabrication, the program will accelerate commercialization of the novel substrate material. By providing this new substrate material to the MDA, it will become feasible to detect, track, and discriminate future threats to our national security.

EPIR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 590 Territorial Drive, Suite B Bolingbrook, IL 60440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(630) 771-0203 Mr. Chad Fulk MDA 05-009 Selected for Award
Title:	PbSnTe Thermoelectric Cooled Focal Plane Arrays on Novel Silicon Based Substrates
Abstract:	The MDA's request to detect, track and discriminate long range targets requires infrared focal plane arrays (IRFPAs) that have higher sensitivities, longer cutoff wavelengths (>14 �m), larger formats (> 256 x 256), and higher operating temperatures than the current infrared technology. PbSnTe is an ideal material for the MDA's requirements. Its carrier mobilities and quantum efficiencies are comparable or even higher than HgCdTe in the mid (3-6 �m) and far (6-14 �m) infrared. In addition, it has been reported that PbSnTe heterojunction detectors have the ability to operate at room temperature. However, viable solutions still need to be found to alleviate the materials obdurate elastic problems. In Phase I, EPIR Technologies will epitaxially grow PbSnTe on silicon with a CdTe/ZnTe buffer layer. This buffer will partially alleviate the lattice mismatch and provide superior adherence to the substrate. The silicon substrate does not suffer from the instability of the typically used CaF2 and BaF2 buffers and will allow for easy integration into existing IRFPA technologies. EPIR Technologies will then demonstrate high temperature operation of single element detectors. In Phase II, EPIR Technologies will address thermal mismatch issues though compliant technologies.

ITN ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC. 8130 Shaffer Pkwy Littleton, CO 80127
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 285-5107 Dr. Brian Berland MDA 05-009 Selected for Award
Title:	Uncooled BLIP Detector for Next Generation Infrared (IR) Focal Plane Arrays (FPAs)
Abstract:	The ITN team proposes to design and develop a revolutionary uncooled IR detector that is compatible with large format focal place arrays. By dramatically decreasing thermal conduction noise and Johnson noise, the proposed sensor enables BLIP sensitivity resulting in a 50 times increase in detector sensitivity over state-of-the-art technologies. Preliminary analysis projects a specific detectivity of 1.1E10 cm-Hz^0.5/W and NETD much less than 1 mK. The proposed BLIP detector will have a cutoff wavelength greater than 14 microns, a time constant of ~3msec, and require very little power (~40nanoWatts per pixel). In addition, the BLIP detector will be fabricated with standard thin-film technologies that provide high pixel uniformity, decreased cost, and inherent stability in high radiation environments.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. IT Division, 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Alexander Naumov MDA 05-009 Selected for Award
Title:	Gamma Focal Plane Array
Abstract:	Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new gamma focal plane array (gamma-FPA) that is highly sensitive in the mid- and long-wave infrared (MWIR/LWIR) regions, requires no cooling, and has high resolution and improved uniformity. Its operation is based on the exponential sensitivity of the rotational viscosity (gamma) of liquid crystal (LC) to temperature variation (MWIR/LWIR irradiation). The resonance absorption of MWIR/LWIR irradiation by LC molecules, and absorption of a wide range of wavelengths by carbon nanotube pixels raises LC temperatures. The resulting viscosity variation is precisely controlled by capacitance variation across each gamma-FPA pixel. The transient nematic effect and low LC bulk give the gamma-FPA millisecond speed. Because at readout, the LC molecules are rotated through the full available angular range, the gamma-FPA is polarization insensitive. The cost of the gamma-FPA will be kept low because it is based on well-developed LC display technology. In Phase I POC will demonstrate a laboratory prototype exhibiting multicolor detection in the MWIR/LWIR spectrum. In Phase II POC will design and fabricate a working prototype suitable for real environments--missile seekers or space-based satellites. In Phase III POC will improve performance and integrate the gamma-FPA into an MDA seeker.

QMAGIQ, LLC One Tara Boulevard, Suite 102 Nashua, NH 03062
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 821-3092 Dr. Mani Sundaram MDA 05-009 Selected for Award
Title:	Dramatic Improvement In The Quantum Efficiency Of Large-Format Longwave Infrared Focal Plane Arrays
Abstract:	We will demonstrate a dramatic 3x to 5x increase (over the state of the art) in the external quantum efficiency (QE) of longwave infrared (LWIR) focal plane arrays (FPAs) fabricated from quantum well infrared photodetectors. We will develop AND DELIVER a 320x256 LWIR FPA with this improved performance in Phase 1 itself. In Phase 2, we will develop and deliver a sensor engine consisting of a 640x512 version of this FPA in an integrated dewar cooler assembly.

MATERIALS & ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH (MER) CORP. 7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 574-1980 Dr. Dr. W. Kowbel MDA 05-010 Selected for Award
Title:	An Integrated SiC-SiC Composite Optical Seeker Assembly
Abstract:	Currently used Al components for the optical seeker structure suffer from low specific modulus. As a result, re-design efforts with Al components, lack full realization of weight savings. The use of SiC-SiC composites for optical structures provides for significant weight savings, combined with improved structural performance. Combination of SiC-SiC structural components with SiC-SiC optical components, offers numerous design advantages (matched CTE). This proposal offer unique materials and optical fabrication approaches leading to a fully integrated SiC-SiC composite optical seeker assembly

RADIANCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 350 Wynn Drive Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 489-8963 Dr. Andrew Thies MDA 05-010 Selected for Award
Title:	Low Cost, Strapdown Integrated Seeker
Abstract:	The cost, mass, and performance of the homing seeker in systems such as THAAD are primarily driven by the requirement for precision target detection, tracking, and imaging for aimpoint selection in the presence of shock and vibration from aerodynamic buffeting and propulsion system operation. These systems require precision gyros, very low friction gimbals, and fairly large torquer motors for stability and pointing; and usually stabilize the focal plane assembly. This proposal presents a lower cost, lower weight solution for Line-of-Sight (LOS) pointing and stabilization. It utilizes a breakthrough in piezoelectric devices known as PBP actuators. The PBP technology overcomes the disadvantages of earlier piezoelectric control devices. The PBP based Fast Stabilization Mirrors (FSM's) will provide a lighter, lower power, smaller part count, and lower cost solution to LOS tracking and stabilization.

SCHAFER CORP. 321 Billerica Road Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 338-2865 Dr. William Goodman MDA 05-010 Selected for Award
Title:	Low Cost, Strapdown Integrated Seeker
Abstract:	MDA and Army SMDC are interested in image stabilization technologies for the THAAD strapdown IR seeker and other BMD interceptor systems. In Phase I Schafer shall obtain detailed requirements from BAE Systems for state-off-the-art field-of-regard (FOR) and field-of-view (FOV) mirror instruments. We shall use these requirements to create a conceptual design for a 2-axis, servo-controlled FOR mirror with a closed-loop bandwidth >100 Hz, an elevation (vertical) range of 0-45 degrees (arbitrary origin), an azimuth (horizontal) range of +/- 5 degrees, and <10 micro-radian resolution. We shall also perform a complete design for a 1-2 cm, servo-controlled 2-axis laser pointing mirror with a closed loop bandwidth of 10 kHz, +/- 5 degrees range in both axes, and <1 micro-radian precision. Together with our partner SEO Precision a demonstration instrument shall be produced which will capitalize on technologies employed in our FAST-SLMST fast steering mirror product line. Schafer's high stiffness, lightweight SLMST and SiC-SLMST will provide the enabling lightweight mirror technology for both stabilization instruments. SLMST and SiC-SLMST foam core mirror technologies are capable of providing low mass moment of inertia and a 1st fundamental frequency that exceeds that of a beryllium mirror of the same weight.

CU AEROSPACE 60 Hazelwood Drive Champaign, IL 61820
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(217) 333-8274 Dr. David Carroll MDA 05-011 Selected for Award
Title:	Improved Iodine Injection, Mixing and Pressure Recovery
Abstract:	The primary objective of CU Aerospace's Phase I work will be to investigate innovative iodine injection concepts for the chemical oxygen-iodine laser (COIL) that improve mixing at higher total pressures. The designs will be made to significantly improve the pressure recovery of COIL systems while retaining efficiency. The results of the Phase I research will lay the foundation for developing a highly advanced COIL iodine injection scheme for improved pressure recovery in Phase II. Our team partner the University of New Mexico will assist CU Aerospace to perform cold flow PLIF experiments to examine the mixing character of the flow of a candidate method for injecting iodine. Design computations to investigate optimal injection configurations for gain magnitude and distribution, and chemical efficiency, will also be performed. This research will lead directly to designs that will be fabricated and tested extensively with detailed diagnostics to evaluate each design's performance attributes in Phase II with a goal of 250 Torr pressure recovery within the COIL cavity while maintaining flow uniformity both in species mixture and density. Use of the well-calibrated and economical COIL facility at the University of Illinois will allow these advanced concepts to be implemented and examined in detail.

ATMOSPHERIC & ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, INC. 131 Hartwell Avenue Lexington, MA 02421
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 761-2288 Mr. George D Modica MDA 05-012 Selected for Award
Title:	Improved Optical Turbulence Forecasts
Abstract:	We propose a Phase I SBIR project to define a forecast system to predict lower stratospheric and upper tropospheric optical turbulence. The application will be designed to be implemented within the Airborne Laser Atmospheric Decision Aid (ADA). The application will utilize as input data from the Air Force Weather Agency's theater numerical weather prediction (NWP) model. During Phase I, several candidate optical turbulence parameterizations will be examined for inclusion into the ADA. An innovative feature of our proposed application will operate on the input NWP model data to simulate an ensemble spread from a single NWP model forecast, enabling generation of a probablistic optical turbulence product that is capable of revealing nearby (in state space) meteorological and optical turbulence "regimes." Each ensemble member is used as input to two or more diagnostic optical turbulence algorithms. The set of ensemble optical turbulence forecasts are converted into probability density functions, and provided to the ADA. The forecast system will be designed to be configurable, modular, and conform to accepted software engineering standards.

NORTHWEST RESEARCH ASSOC., INC. P.O. Box 3027 Bellevue, WA 98009
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 415-9701 Dr. Joseph Werne MDA 05-012 Selected for Award
Title:	Optical Turbulence Forecasting for Directed Energy and Laser Communication Systems
Abstract:	This proposal addresses the development of advanced optical- turbulence forecasting tools to aid design, testing, and operations for applications involving laser propagation through the atmosphere. These include laser-weapons systems, free-space optical communication, and astronomical observations. Recent advances in atmospheric-dynamics research (measurement, simulation, and theory), in concert with a related MDA project, present a unique opportunity for optical-turbulence forecasting that is significantly better than what is currently available. By adapting this research, we can develop optical turbulence forecasts which simultaneously predict model expectation values and model uncertainty, allowing for the possibility of real-time evaluation of forecast skill without an ensemble procedure. The approach involves using Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling to combine NWP output with high- resolution measurement data and results from very high-resolution numerical simulations we have done of specific atmospheric processes. The methodology is well suited to the development of an improved Atmospheric Decision Aid (ADA) for the Airborne Laser (ABL), which we believe will be much more appropriate, accurate, and reliable than the existing ABL ADA. The approach is novel and has several significant advantages which we propose to explore during this Phase I effort.

ACULIGHT CORP. 11805 North Creek Parkway S., Suite 113 Bothell, WA 98011
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(425) 482-1100 Dr. Fabio Di Teodoro MDA 05-013 Selected for Award
Title:	Eyesafe Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) Laser for Laser Ranging
Abstract:	We propose a novel approach, based on emerging photonic crystal fiber technology, to generate high peak and average power in multi-kHz repetition-rate pulses at eye-safe wavelengths. The proposed optical source is configured to be packaged in a compact and rugged fashion, exhibit low power consumption in compliance with requirements of airborne applications, and produce an output of excellent beam quality. If successful, the work accomplished through the Phase II of this program will result in the delivery of an eye-safe laser transmitter ideally suited for a wide variety of military 3D imaging LADAR systems.

ARETE ASSOC. P.O. Box 6024 Sherman Oaks, CA 91413
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 571-8660 Dr. James Murray MDA 05-013 Selected for Award
Title:	Eyesafe Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) Laser for Laser Ranging
Abstract:	Within the past decade, ballistic missiles have emerged as major threats to American and friendly armed forces. As of early 1998, at least 30 nations were known to have more than 10,000 ballistic missiles in their arsenals and the threat is growing daily. Several of these countries are also known to be pursuing development or to have developed nuclear, chemical and biological capabilities for their missiles. To counter this threat the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) has sponsored the development of the Airborne Laser (ABL), which is a system centered around a high-energy chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL) carried aboard a modified Boeing 747-400F freighter. Airborne Laser (ABL) will locate and track missiles in the boost phase of their flight, then accurately point and fire the high-energy laser, destroying enemy missiles near their launch areas. This proposal addresses critical new technology for the ABL tracking function contained within the Active Ranging System (ARS). The currently deployed ARS utilizes a CO2 laser rangefinder to generate both a range and instantaneous radial velocity of the missile with respect to the airborne platform. Although the technology that is employed is mature and highly functional, the emission of the CO2 laser at 11.15 �Ym is not eyesafe, and is therefore hazardous to humans. Eyesafe operation of the laser rangefinder is a goal for the Next Generation Active Ranging System (NGARS), which will utilize a transmitter that operates between 1.4 and 1.6 mm and newly developed InGaAs avalanche photo-diodes (APD) that are sensitive in this region. Not only is eyesafe operation important for ABL; it is becoming a standard requirement on new laser rangefinder and laser radar (ladar) systems. The primary goal of this SBIR program is to develop an eyesafe all-fiber high power laser transmitter for the NGARS that will meet or exceed the performance specifications for the NGARS. This effort will lead to affordable commercialized eyesafe laser rangefinder and imaging ladar systems.

Q PEAK, INC. 135 South Road Bedford, MA 01730
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 275-9535 Dr. Yelena Isyanova MDA 05-013 Selected for Award
Title:	Eyesafe Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) Source for Laser Ranging
Abstract:	Q-Peak, Inc. proposes to develop a ~2-ns pulse, high-power, 10-kHz repetition rate, 1504-nm source based on the combination of an efficient, high-power, diode-pumped Nd:YLF master oscillator - power amplifier (MOPA) system and a double-pumped, KTA crystal-based optical parametric oscillator (OPO) for laser ranging applications. The overall goal of the program is to design and build a short-pulse, single-frequency source with average power of 100 W. In the Phase I effort we propose to design and build a short-pulse diode-pumped, Q-switched, Nd:YLF oscillator and a double-pass amplifier based on our multipass slab design generating >15 W of average power at a 10 kHz pulse rate. The Phase I effort will also include analysis and preliminary design of the entire two-channel MOPA and the OPO converter to the eyesafe wavelength range. A prototype system suitable for application as an airborne Lidar Transmitter will be built and delivered to MDA at the end of the Phase II program.

NLIGHT PHOTONICS 5408 NE 88th Street, Bldg E Vancouver, WA 98665
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(360) 518-1081 Dr. Paul Crump MDA 05-014 Selected for Award
Title:	Highly Reliable, High Power Cryogenic Red Diode Lasers
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to eliminate the catastrophic optical damage that limits the peak operating power of cryogenically operated visible red (630-nm) laser diodes. The method to be applied is band gap disordering by Zn-diffusion. This will be the first time this technique has ever been applied to high power visible red laser diodes. It will also be the first application of band gap disordering in a system intended for cryogenic operation. nLight Photonics, through programs with Directed Energy Solutions, has pushed the absolute state of the art in red diode lasers operating at 665-nm (room temperature) and 630-nm (cryogenic temperatures). Peak powers of 90W and 50% electrical-to-optical efficiency have been achieved from a 1-cm wide bar of 1-mm cavity length. Individual emitters have achieved 6.3W peak power while operating at room temperature. Through these programs the limiting mechanism in achieving higher powers is no longer the thermal escape of carriers, but the catastrophic failure of the optical facets under the intense optical field power densities.

SPIRE CORP. One Patriots Park Bedford, MA 01730
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 275-6000 Dr. Kurt J. Linden MDA 05-014 Selected for Award
Title:	Highly Reliable, High Power Cryogenic Red Diode Lasers
Abstract:	This Phase I Small Business Innovation Research project is aimed at modeling and designing a cryogenic high power red diode laser array for use in optically pumping 100 kW level cryogenic lasers for missile defense and other applications. It is advantageous to operate lasers at cryogenic temperatures because in this environment they have greatly improved heat transfer characteristics, reduced laser thresholds, and increased device reliability. Phase I will develop a conceptual design for cryogenic 630 nm diode laser bars, consisting of individual emitters with output in excess of 0.5 W per emitter. The design will include the epitaxial layer structure, the individual emitter structure, the laser bar geometry, laser bar mounting onto laser headers, laser bar combining into multi-bar laser arrays, and heat spreader design. Mathematical models will be established, and design tradeoffs will be studied to predict device performance and performance limits. A plan for laser array performance measurement will be prepared, and preliminary experimental data will be obtained. Spire has extensive prior experience with high power diode laser array bar fabrication and multi-bar array manufacturing, and is currently manufacturing red LED and red laser products using in-house designed and MOCVD-grown epitaxial wafers in its state-of-the-art semiconductor manufacturing foundry.

ION OPTICS, INC. 411 Waverley Oaks Road, Suite 144 Waltham, MA 02452
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 788-8777 Dr. Irina Puscasu MDA 05-015 Selected for Award
Title:	Rugged cryogenic tuned heat rejection materials
Abstract:	Ion Optics proposes to develop innovative 2D plasmonic-photonic crystal coatings for improved thermal rejection and stray light control for space tracking and surveillance systems. These coatings will survive rapid cycling to cryogenic temperatures. Photonic crystals are a new class of periodic structures with controllable electromagnetic radiation properties through changes in materials and geometry. Coupling modes in the photonic crystal to plasmons at the surface of a metallic array of holes further enhances the spectral control. By dramatically improving the ratio between visible absorptance and infrared emittance in lightweight, compact and switchable 2D metallo-dielectric photonic crystal device, it becomes possible to achieve better scatter supression and heat rejection. Phase 1 research will investigate optical properties for a variety of 2D metallo-dielectric photonic crystal structures on silicon and polymer substrates. These structures have potential for large conformal area fabrication by micromolding that would allow scaling design to any system shape and power output. Another future interest is for active control with tunable plasmonic-photonic crystals to match the desired wavelength range and the thermodynamic cycles of space-borne or airborne systems. Benefits to MDA also include reduced cost and simplified structural integration with increased safety and reliability.

RAPT INDUSTRIES 6252 Preston Ave. Livermore, CA 94551
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(724) 295-3330 Mr. George Gardopee MDA 05-015 Selected for Award
Title:	Optics Technologies for Cryogenic Sensors
Abstract:	Silicon Carbide (SiC) is a promising new material for optical substrates and structures for use in advanced cryogenic sensor systems. However conventional optical manufacturing technologies use abrasive-based grinding and polishing which leaves significant subsurface damage and residual stresses in the material. These residual stresses can lead to degradation of the optical performance of the system once it is deployed. We propose to demonstrate rapid damage-free shaping of lightweight aspheric SiC mirror substrates using Reactive Atom Plasma (RAP) processing. This novel technology allows for rapid and deterministic shaping of mirror surfaces while simultaneously removing the subsurface damage created during previous grinding steps.

SCHAFER CORP. 321 Billerica Road Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 338-2865 Dr. William Goodman MDA 05-015 Selected for Award
Title:	Optics Technologies for Cryogenic Sensors
Abstract:	MDA, Air Force, and Raytheon are interested in dimensionally stable, survivable optical coatings for operation in the visible and long wavelength infrared (8-12 microns), for temperatures as low as 35 K, for the Space Tracking and Surveillance System (STSS) Track Sensor Telescope. Schafer demonstrated a VIS/NIR dielectric coating at NASA MSFC that reversibly changed the figure of a SLMST mirror by only 0.5 nm RMS for cyclic testing between 300 and 25 Kelvin. A C/SiC mirror mount was part of the experiment. Under MDA Contract No. HQ0006-05-C-7149 performed for Army SMDC, Schafer designed, manufactured and flash x-ray tested a low emissivity, high-reflectance VIS/NIR/LWIR coating designed from individual elements in the periodic table. The testing was successfully performed in September 2005 for SLMST, SiC-SLMST and C/SiC mirrors. Under 2005 IRAD funding, Schafer produced an all C/SiC bolt-together sensor telescope for MDA and Raytheon. Thus, for this project, we propose to design and demonstrate a dimensionally stable (25-340 K) and survivable (space and x-ray) VIS/LWIR coating on C/SiC mirrors traceable to an all C/SiC STSS cryogenic telescope that is designed from the systems point-of-view. In Phase II Schafer would work with the government and Raytheon to fully space qualify the coating.

UES, INC. 4401 Dayton-Xenia Road Dayton, OH 45432
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 426-6900 Dr. Amarendra K. Rai MDA 05-015 Selected for Award
Title:	Multifunctional Nanocomposite Coatings for Mechanical Assemblies of Space Optics
Abstract:	Space tracking and surveillance systems require mechanical assemblies that operate in varying and extreme atmosphere and temperature conditions. For proper functioning of these mechanical assemblies in space for many years, highly stable lubricating and wear resistant coatings are needed. To this end, in this Phase I program UES proposes to demonstrate the feasibility of multifunctional nanocomposite coatings with embedded solid lubricant phases in such applications. A systematic test methodology will be used to evaluate the developed coating. Based on the evaluation results the developed coatings will be validated and ranked. Highly ranked coatings will be further developed in Phase II.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Dr. Mark V. Zagarola MDA 05-016 Selected for Award
Title:	A Cryogenic Heat Transport Loop for Space-Borne Gimbaled Instruments
Abstract:	A high-performance cooling system for gimbal-mounted infrared sensors is a critical need for future space-based target acquisition and tracking systems. A candidate approach uses a high performance cryocooler remotely located on the spacecraft platform combined with a high conductance, cryogenic heat transport system to exchange heat from the sensors to the cryocooler. The heat transport system must have high conductance, produce minimal parasitic heat loads, and impose minimal torque on the gimbal, in addition to the typical space requirements of lightweight, compact and reliable. To meet these challenging requirements, we propose to develop a single-phase gaseous heat transport loop consisting of a miniature cryogenic circulator; ultra-flexible transfer lines; and compact heat exchangers. The circulator design has heritage in the unit developed by Creare for the Hubble Space Telescope, which has operated at 70 K for over 3.5 years with no change in performance. During Phase I, we will prove feasibility of the concept by (1) producing preliminary designs of candidate heat transport systems for the Space Tracking and Surveillance System, and (2) performing flexibility and life tests on the transfer lines at cryogenic temperatures. During Phase II, we will fabricate and test the heat transport system at cryogenic temperatures.

K TECHNOLOGY CORP. 110 Gibraltar Road, Suite 223 Horsham, PA 19044
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(631) 285-6580 Mr. Mark Montesano MDA 05-016 Selected for Award
Title:	High Performance Passive Flexible Heat Transport Material
Abstract:	Next generation space infrared sensing technologies will require revolutionary improvements in thermal transport and storage technologies. Flexible cryogenic and ambient cooling is essential to meet emerging requirements for these advanced systems. Enabling technologies to accommodate the increasingly compact and higher density Air Force and Department of Defense infrared sensing payloads are required. k Technology Corporation proposes a general technology development that permits the design of a high performance passive flexible cryogenic and ambient heat transport material. The conductivity of the proposed material system will exceed 1000 W/mK at all temperatures between 5�K and 300�K. In addition, the proposed technology development will allow the material system to be tailored and optimized for any temperature in this range at greater conductivity values. This proposed effort will develop a material system that can be specifically designed to satisfy Air Force requirements.

PEREGRINE FALCON CORP. 1072 B Serpentine Lane Pleasanton, CA 94566
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 461-6806 Mr. Robert Hardesty MDA 05-016 Selected for Award
Title:	Enhanced Cryocooler Component and Integration Technologies
Abstract:	Peregrine Falcon Corporation and Phase 2 partner Northrop Grumman will significantly improve the overall performance of pulse tube cryocoolers by enhancing the thermal conductivity of structures internal to the cryocooler. This enables much more efficient heat removal at the warm end. Peregrine's proprietary process for incorporating high thermal conductivity material within a defined thermal path will be used to increase the heat flow in critical areas, and thereby improve the cryocooler performance, without increasing the overall mass. In the specific structure chosen for this Phase I SBIR effort, Peregrine will reduce the temperature differential from the warm end of the cold end to the thermal rejection surfaces by well over 50% from the current design while significantly reducing weight. The major benefit from this improvement will be the significant reduction of input power required by the cryocooler to meet the required cooling load. The improvement offered by this SBIR effort will result in 17 Kilograms of weight savings at the system level.

IRIS TECHNOLOGY CORP. PO Box 5838 Irvine, CA 92616
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(949) 975-8410 Mr. Edward J. O'Rourke MDA 05-017 Selected for Award
Title:	Novel, Nonlinear Control System for Cryogenic Coolers
Abstract:	A novel, nonlinear electronic control system will be evaluated for use in the Stirling Cryocooler compressor drive circuit. This proven and low cost technology can be hardened for use in space and has the potential to improve overall efficiency while reducing conducted emissions into the source supply.

LGARDE, INC. 15181 Woodlawn Avenue Tustin, CA 92780
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 259-0771 Mr. Anthony Long MDA 05-018 Selected for Award
Title:	Microsatellite-based Space Targets for Calibration and Test of Advanced Radar and STSS Technologies
Abstract:	The use of micro-satellites to provide target complexes for BMD investigations can reduce program costs; targets would no longer need be launched every time a sensor test is desired However, the exoatmospheric flight of real threats lasts for only 20 minutes or so, while the orbiting targets may have been subjected to months of exoatmospheric flight. The design parameters for the two cases are clearly different. The targets placed in orbit for use over a year or so must be carefully designed to maintain realistic appearances typical of the much shorter-lived real threats.Studies are already under way to define methods of keeping the individual targets realistic, such as the use of simple torque rods for obtaining proper orientation, and using inflatables that then rigidize in orbit. A threat complex, however, consisting of both reentry vehicles (RVs) and balloon decoys, will tend to disperse over time due to the drag of the tenuous atmosphere, solar pressure, and ejection velocities. The purpose of the proposed study is to solve this problem so that not only can valid individual targets be provided, but also that the threat complex will retain appropriate viewing geometries and separation distances typical of a real threat.

MICROSAT SYSTEMS 8130 Shaffer Parkway Littleton, CO 80127
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 285-5153 Mr. Jeff Summers MDA 05-018 Selected for Award
Title:	Reconfigurable, Commercial-based Avionics for Responsive Microsatellite Targets
Abstract:	The Missile Defense Agency is seeking novel techniques to enable coherent, accurate, and sustained operation of ground-based phased array radars. MicroSat Systems, a small satellite developer is proposing a low cost Intelligent Power and Data Ring (IPDR) avionics architecture. IPDR for Responsive Microsatellite Target Systems takes advantage of initiatives to integrate high performance, low cost commercial electronics and processors into spacecraft avionics. This architecture provides a near-term solution to reconfigurable avionics while distributing power and data management functions on a single circuit. By integrating the MSI protocol converter technology with the ABET Technologies Digital Current System, MSI provides a network with standardized attachment nodes that carries data and power on the IPDR. This network can host a variety of data protocols and implements a SpaceWire core to support high speed data transfer around the ring and any user-programmable protocol from the ring out to peripheral devices. The standardization of the node design enables full modularity and growth from a minimum of three nodes reducing spacecraft integration to a few days. Since the system is implemented with a common set of standard nodes instead of custom cards in a card cage, the hardware costs are only 40-60% of centralized systems.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Dr. Prakash B. Joshi MDA 05-018 Selected for Award
Title:	Variable Size, Repeatedly Deployable, Ultra-lightweight Space Targets [7286-160]
Abstract:	Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop a Microsatellite-based Target System (MTS) that can form and deploy extremely lightweight, hollow, spherical targets with good radar and optical reflectivity. The system will be capable of deploying single or multiple spherical targets from small injectors (~ 1 cm diameter) located around the spacecraft. Each target can be deployed in such a way that its final size can be varied from tens of centimeters to a few meters diameter depending on the need. This ability to repeatedly form targets of different sizes is a distinguishing characteristic of our approach, making it a truly polymorphic target system capable of changing optical/radar signature of a microsatellite. In Phase I, we will experimentally investigate materials and fabrication methods for the target. We will measure optical and radar reflectivity and its dependence on physical characteristics of the target. In Phase II we will develop protoflight hardware for integration and launch on a space mission, followed by space validation testing in Phase III.

GH SYSTEMS, INC. 655 Discovery Drive, Suite 302 Huntsville, AL 35806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 428-0050 Dr. Jonathan Fisher MDA 05-019 Selected for Award
Title:	Radiation Hardened Optical Filters for Focal Plan Assemblies
Abstract:	Missile Defense surveillance and interceptor sensor operations typically use cryogenically cooled infrared sensors that operate while being exposed to natural space radiation and possibly to nuclear weapon radiation, both of which have the potential to degrade system performance. USASMDC's Hardened Infrared Optical Components (HIROC) program test results indicate that cryogenically cooled optical filters are susceptible to low levels of ionizing radiation dose, and thus pose a potential problem in an operational scenario. A solution to this problem requires the development of radiation hardened infrared optical filters. The GH Systems' team, including Surface Optics Corporation and ATK Mission Research, is proposing a multi-phase program to develop and commercialize radiation hardened IR filters. The proposed Phase I effort will investigate the radiation damage mechanisms, develop strategies to fabricate radiation hardened IR filters, develop an overall technology development and test plan, and perform limited radiation testing and material characterization. Our planned Phase II efforts will include the finalization of radiation hardened design approaches, fabrication of filters, and radiation testing to provide design verification. The GH Systems' team plans to use current commercial processes to develop this radiation hardened optical filter providing prompt availability to MDA.

INNOVATIVE BUSINESSS SOLUTIONS, INC. 301 Concourse Boulevard, Suite 120 Glen Allen, VA 23059
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(727) 812-5555 Mr. Greg Sjoquist MDA 05-019 Selected for Award
Title:	Innovative Manufacturing Process Improvements
Abstract:	Target discrimination capabilities using advanced seekers and seeker image processing is one layer of providing for advanced threats such as multiple target clusters. Multiple Kill Vehicles addressing a cluster of potential targets is another significant layer in the overall BMDO arsenal. IBSi is collaborating with STI Electronics, Inc of Madison, AL. and MilliSensor Systems and Actuators, Inc. of West Newton, MA as critical team members in this proposed effort. The tasks defined herein lead to a significant improvement in advanced miniature kill vehicle seeker imaging system capability as well as vehicle Guidance, Navigation and Control. The MKV Kill Vehicle (KV) program, which is presently base-lining a MEMS IMU, is a good candidate for a very compact integrated avionics and signal processor with embedded MEMS based IMU. The short duration mission lends itself to an IMU that has relatively larger drift rates compared to FOG based solutions but at an extremely beneficial volume and mass reduction. The objective of the proposed effort is to develop a fully functional MEMS sensor suite utilizing an embedded digital control loop implemented in a high performance Xilinx Virtex-4 FPGA. The sensor readouts will interface to an IMU block internal to the same FPGA package.

KYMA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 8829 Midway West Road Raleigh, NC 27617
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(919) 789-8880 Dr. Drew Hanser MDA 05-019 Selected for Award
Title:	Manufacturing Process for Semi-insulating 4" Diameter GaN Substrates
Abstract:	Large area semi-insulating GaN has the potential to impact the commercialization of many technologies such as power transistors, high frequency microwave amplifiers, and high-speed, high-power switching components. One of the limiting factors in many of these applications is the lack of commercially available large diameter substrates. This program will develop 4" diameter semi-insulating GaN substrates produced using a large area crystal growth reactor designed by Kyma Technologies. Applications of these substrates include high power transistors, high frequency power amplifiers, and high-speed, high-power switching components. The availability of high quality, highly uniform, semi-insulating GaN substrates could significantly improve the efficiency, lifetime and reliability of microwave power HEMTs. The overall objective of this proposal is to develop a manufacturing process for growing high quality, low defect density semi insulating GaN wafers up to 4" in diameter. These crystals will be grown to a sufficient thickness to produce freestanding GaN substrates by slicing wafers from the 4" boule. Applications of these substrates include high power transistors, high frequency power amplifiers, and high-speed, high-power switching components.

MCCARTER MACHINE, INC. 1312 Underwood Rd, PO Box 520 Deer Park, TX 77536
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(281) 476-4716 Mr. Douglas R. McCarter MDA 05-019 Selected for Award
Title:	Innovative Manufacturing Process Improvements
Abstract:	In the search for a suitable beryllium substitute material, the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) has identified several candidates for use in Ground Based Missile Defense (GMD) and Low Cost Kill Vehicle (LCKV) programs. One of the candidates that the MDA selected for further study is Single Crystal Silicon (SCSi). Because SCSi is a brittle material, a critical component for success in the substitution process involves attachment issues. Brittle materials are not like ductile materials that allow threading and mechanical attachment. However, with frit bonding, attachment of brittle materials is possible through the use of metal inserts. Bonding joints, referred to as metallurgical joints, show promise in replacing mechanical joints. In the case of brittle materials, the metallurgical joint can be distributed over a significant area thereby minimizing local stress concentrations. Although, we have several proven innovative bonding processes for attachment, these processes need further improvement and qualification with emphasis on rapid, low-cost, high-quality manufacturing, attachment performance, and process repeatability in order to move the processes to the next Readiness Level. The objective of this proposal is to define and determine the feasibility of using frit bonding and/or solder when attaching hardware to brittle materials.

MICROWAVE BONDING INSTRUMENTS 2400 N. Lincoln Ave. Altadena, CA 91001
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 296-6480 Dr. Nasser Budraa MDA 05-019 Selected for Award
Title:	Manufacturing for High Yield and Reliability of HgCdTe IR Detectors
Abstract:	HgCdTe is without a doubt the most dominant material for infrared (IR) detection. Particularly at wavelengths of importance to the MDA program, the reliable operation of these detectors is paramount. MBI in this proposal, will apply its technology in material processing by microwaves to synthesize ohmic contacts on long-wavelength HgCdTe detectors. The formation of ohmic-contacts on HgCdTe and their long-term stability contributes a great deal to the responsivity, reliability, yield and hence to the cost of these delicate detectors. The mal-formation of ohmic-contacts on HgCdTe detectors is unique in that it can be a source of operational problems affecting the device performance due to optical, electrical, or thermo-mechanical origins. Addressing and solving this problem alone has a compounding beneficial effect on LW and VLW HgCdTe detectors from device detectivity (D), reliability, yield, and cost point of view. MBI offers a two-part approach to the formation of ohmic-contact on HgCdTe detectors, a) a novel processing method with many distinct advantages, and b) a set of new metallizations made possible by the processing technology. This project has wider implications in the HgCdTe-IR device manufacturing with prospects of replacing current long-duration annealing with a fast less costly process and equipment

MILLI SENSOR SYSTEMS & ACTUATORS 93 Border Street West Newton, MA 02465
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(857) 229-1417 Dr. Donato (Dan) Cardarelli MDA 05-019 Selected for Award
Title:	Single-Chip MEMS IMU for Integrated Avionics and Seeker Image Stabilization for the MKV
Abstract:	MSSA is developing a single-chip MEMS IMU sensor that integrates all the necessary inertial instruments on the same vacuum-encapsulated chip, which permits the use of the IMU in die form. MSSA has specified a high data-rate version of this MEMS IMU to provide both short-term guidance and seeker image stabilization for MKV kill vehicles. MSSA will collaborate with Innovative Business Solutions, Inc. and with STI Electronics, Inc. to implement a system concept developed by Lockheed Martin that combines the IMU sensor, FPGA electronics, the SPAR-X Image Processor and a mission computer into a highly integrated package that couples high-density electronics with passive thermal management. This revolutionary approach will result in a low cost, high performance integrated avionics suite applicable to MKV and other MDA interceptor programs. MSSA proposes to develop an enhanced version of the MEMS IMU that implements a high data rate gyro concept. In Phase I, MSSA will design and fabricate a MEMS IMU chip to prove the high data rate concept using existing instrument designs. The single-chip IMU integrated with FPGA electronics using the STI packaging technology will be a highly versatile MEMS IMU product that can be configured to address many different military and commercial applications.

RESONANT MICROSYSTEMS, INC. 610 16th Street, Suite 511 Oakland, CA 94612
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 634-2741 Dr. Shui-Lin Chao MDA 05-019 Selected for Award
Title:	Precision Low Cost Assembly Technique for Manufacturing of Seeker Optics
Abstract:	Precise alignment of optical components is currently obtained by an iterative process of wavefront measurement, demounting, shimming, and re-mounting. With the planned introduction of multi-FPA and cryogenic cooling, the alignment process is anticipated to become more difficult and costly. To address this challenge, our team is developing an automated process with nanometer range alignment accuracy. Our team's experience in the areas of micro-welding, solder bump processes, precision alignment techniques and laser micromachining will be a key enabler towards this goal.

SILICON SPACE TECHNOLOGY CORP. 3620 Lost Creek Boulevard Austin, TX 78735
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 891-9702 Mr. Wesley H. Morris MDA 05-019 Selected for Award
Title:	Innovative Manufacturing Process Improvements (Bulk)
Abstract:	Silicon Space Technology (with LSI Logic and Jazz Semiconductor) proposes to demonstrate an innovative manufacturing process technology implementing our hardened-by-isolation (HBI) approach for near-term insertion into BMD discrete components. We will develop scaleable bulk test circuit elements using 130 nm technology enhanced by SEE and TID mitigation process modules supporting radiation-hardening and cryogenic performance of components fabricated in commercial foundries. Extensive modeling and simulation will demonstrate performance and radiation hardness in Phase I. Our team's expertise in commercial process integration, device development in leading-edge commercial technology, and radiation-hardening techniques using HBP technology is crucial to successful implementation of the radiation-hardened process modules. Silicon Space's HBI approach, combined with leading-edge silicon foundry manufacturing, provides fabrication processes enhancing capabilities, product quality and reliability, manufacturing yields and sub-systems and component performance while reducing unit costs, cycle time, and process variability. These innovations solve the pervasive design, fabrication, and sustainment manufacturing problems experienced by Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS). This program will allow rapid transition of the results into systems and subsystems being developed for the BMDS. Leading-edge CMOS foundries producing these products will achieve the previously unattainable goal of deploying the latest electronics while minimizing risk of mission failure due to space radiation.

SOLDERING TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, INC. 102 Tribble Drive Madison, AL 35758
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 705-5511 Mrs. Casey H. Cooper MDA 05-019 Selected for Award
Title:	Integrated Avionics Manufacturing Concept: Imbedded Component/Die Technology (IC/DT)
Abstract:	The need for increased reliability coupled with reduced size and weight has demanded the evolution of manufacturing process technologies for printed circuit board assembly. Imbedded Component/Die Technology (IC/DT) will advance electronics packaging to the next level by transforming two-dimensional component placement into a three-dimensional (3-D) assembly with integrated thermal management. IC/DT enables the 3-D configuration of multiple systems thus achieving the cost/weight ratio advantage of using the smallest form and fit factor components available in a circuit card assembly. The objective of this research project is to develop a conceptual design using IC/DT to improve component performance, system capability, and product reliability of advanced interceptor seeker electronics. Removal of component-level packaging reduces assembly weight, electrical failure opportunities, electrical and thermal impedance, and valuable circuit card real estate. In Phase I, a manufacturing and assembly design methodology will be developed to integrate multiple advanced interceptor seeker electronics, such as the seeker IMU and image processor, into a high-density, miniaturized, light weight assembly. In collaboration with LMSSC, MSSA, and IBSi, a low-cost, highly-integrated, high-performance avionics package for the MKV kill vehicle shall be developed. This design methodology may be applied to a myriad of military interceptor products.

ARXAN RESEARCH, INC. 3000 Kent Avenue, Purdue Technology Center West Lafayette, IN 47906
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(765) 775-1004 Mr. Eric D. Bryant MDA 05-020 Selected for Award
Title:	Non-Performance Degrading Software Protection for Real-Time Processes
Abstract:	Tampering with or reverse engineering mission critical software is a very serious and real threat to modern weapons systems. Any protection which significantly degrades the performance of the weapons system is not practical. The proposed system will perform AT-related computations on a reconfigurable multicore processor to allow important security processes to execute without degrading the performance of the system. To achieve this goal, we will team with Rapport, Inc. to test the feasibility of using their Kilocore technology with our existing software AT product to protect real-time systems.

GRAMMATECH, INC. 317 N. Aurora Street Ithaca, NY 14850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(607) 273-7340 Dr. Colin Van Dyke MDA 05-020 Selected for Award
Title:	Ballistic Missile Defense Innovative Anti-Tamper Techniques
Abstract:	Adversaries reverse engineer weapons systems to replicate a system's advanced capabilities or discover its weaknesses. Many of these critical systems are real-time systems. The restrictions of real-time have a significant impact on the implementation of anti-tamper technology. This work will build on our prototype for transforming source code and machine code to add state-of-the-art protection against reverse engineering. An optimizing planner will determine how to best apply the defensive transformations in order to maximize the degree of protection without violating the real-time constraints. We will also investigate transforms that are directed specifically toward protecting architectural features of real-time platforms.

IRVINE SENSORS CORP. 3001 Redhill Avenue, Building #4-108 Costa Mesa, CA 92626
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 435-8920 Mr. John Leon MDA 05-020 Selected for Award
Title:	Ballistic Missile Defense Innovative Anti-Tamper Techniques
Abstract:	Irvine Sensors Corporation (ISC) proposes to develop a new innovative anti-tamper (AT) technique that demonstrates the capability to delay, make economically infeasible, the reverse engineering or compromise of critical U.S. BMDS weapon system technologies. This new technique is a "Memory Device Eraser Module" (MDEM). The MDEM provides an innovative AT scheme that protects the contents of information that use memory. The MDEM guards and erases the memory devices on demand in the event of tampering. The MDEM appears as any standard electronic component and is not dependent on system resources (power) to ensure its functionality. The ability to reverse engineer the MDEM is economically infeasible causing weeks (months) of analysis to replicate due to the non-standard packaging technique and inability to understand the physical operations of the MDEM due to an innovative technique. The architecture of the MDEM is "open" supporting integration into any weapon system platform without affecting the performance of their real-time processing requirements. A breadboard model is to be developed that demonstrates the MDEM's anti-tamper techniques and proof-of-concept by protecting an algorithm or key within the memory structure in Phase I. Results from the Phase I model will be used in designing the prototype in Phase II.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Mr. Barry Polakowski MDA 05-020 Selected for Award
Title:	Secure Software Platform for Real-Time Software Anti-Tamper
Abstract:	Software reverse engineering has become a science of well-defined methods, tools, and philosophies. Known approaches - such as white-box, black-box, and gray-box attacks - and highly-intricate tools - such as debuggers, decompilers, and disassemblers - can be combined to reveal the secrets of software intellectual property and to steal once-secret code and data. Current approaches to software anti-tamper protection that utilize software mechanisms for security have proven largely ineffective when attacked by a well-funded enemy. The complexity of software anti-tamper approaches often lead to coding errors that have been exploited by disciplined attackers. In the case of real-time embedded software utilized by the Missile Defense Agency, the attacker could be a wealthy foreign government with a great deal of expertise, personnel, and resources. Luna Innovations will develop the Secure Software Platform (SSP) to protect real-time embedded software through robust hardware-accelerated software anti-tamper mechanisms. By leveraging the advantages of a hardware-assisted approach - better performance, better security, and reduced overall complexity - Luna expects to create a solution that significantly increases the required cost and time for a software reverse engineering effort. The SSP, which will play the central role in Luna's multi-layered approach to anti-tamper security, will enable robust security while maintaining easily characterized real-time performance.

MENTIS SCIENCES, INC. 150 Dow Street, Tower Two Manchester, NH 03101
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 624-9197 Dr. Tim Kostar MDA 05-021 Selected for Award
Title:	Rain Erosion Modeling for Hypersonic Thermal Protection System (TPS) and Structures
Abstract:	Presently, no standard rain erosion reference (code, document(s), database, etc) exists for system designers and engineers to predict the material behavior of candidate materials for sub-sonic, sonic, and hypersonic mission profiles. Historically, individual companies have taken a shoot and look approach to this subject, and relied on past performance for flight predictions. Within the community, an attempt has been made to couple the material response to projected media, however, unfortunately, this information quickly becomes proprietary and hence, does not exist in the public media. This objective of this proposal is to develop coupled shock, impact, and material response model of a system during a rain event. Researchers will draw on historical data, recent sled test articles, and international publications made recently available to address the associated variables and develop the necessary numerical models. Sub-scale, and ultimately, sled tests will be conducted on several candidate materials and their performance will be compared / contrasted with the numerical model.

VANGUARD COMPOSITES GROUP/DR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 7740 Kenamar Court San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 587-4210 Mr. Matt Thompson MDA 05-021 Selected for Award
Title:	Lightweight Integral Heatshield and Substructure with Integral EMI/Ground Plane/Lightning Strike Protection and Conformal Antennae for High Performance THAAD KV Interceptor Airframes
Abstract:	The program objective is to develop and demonstrate the cost effective and producible lightweight Integral Heatshield and Substructure (IH&S) with integral EMI shielding/ground plane/lightning strike protection (EMI/GP/LSP) and integral conformal antenna aeroshell technology for the THAAD KV interceptor program. Conventional approaches for interceptor aeroshells use a high temperature fiberglass/phenolic heatshield secondarily-bonded to a separately fabricated carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite structure. The IH&S design concept was proven in the SMDC/MDA Composites and Advanced Materials '05 program to be a low cost, lightweight, and robust alternative. The enabling technology is the High Performance Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (HyPerVARTMT) process used to infuse a single high temperature resin (YLA RS-9e poly-cyanate). However, the integral approach has not yet had opportunity to demonstrate through fabrication integral EMI shielding, an integral ground plane, and lightning strike protection currently a part of the flight test hardware nor conformal antenna technology. This Phase I study will investigate alternative lightweight conductive materials and demonstrate the feasibility of the lightweight IH&S concept with EMI/GP/LSP and integral conformal antenna aeroshell technology for the THAAD KV interceptor program. A Phase II program would develop and demonstrate a full scale prototype for insertion into the THAAD flight test program.

BOUNDLESS CORP. 2500 Central Avenue, Suite L Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 415-9029 Dr. John Olson MDA 05-022 Selected for Award
Title:	Centrifugally Cast Cathodes for High-Power, High-Capacity Lithium-Ion Batteries
Abstract:	Boundless' new proprietary process to manufacture high-density battery electrodes promises both high energy storage capacity and high power capability. The breakthrough technology combines novel high-porosity polymeric binders and a new centrifugal casting technique to yield dense, high-capacity cathodes while maintaining ion mobility. Common cathode densification methods using traditional binders reduce porosity and ionic flux even though voids constitute nearly 50% of an undensified cathode. The project is expected to demonstrate that Boundless' proprietary high-porosity polymer will maintain sufficient porosity to support the high levels of ionic mobility and fast charge/discharge. Preliminary tests showed increases in active material density of 33% and increases in electrolyte wet-out of 80%, indicating probable enhancement of ion mobility and rate capacity. Centrifugal casting of battery electrodes is an entirely new concept that is enabled by the development of the new high-porosity polymeric binder material. This novel material, entirely distinct from traditional systems like those from Bellcore and Sony, has >80% void content, sub-micron pore sizes and substantial mechanical strength. With centrifugal casting, electrode porosity, mechanical integrity and packing density (specific capacity) are simultaneously optimized. Electrode capacity (mAh/cc) is projected to increase 50 to 100%, corresponding to higher cell energy density (Wh/liter).

ERIGO TECHNOLOGIES LLC 28 Chosen Vale Lane Enfield, NH 03748
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 632-4156 Dr. Nabil Elkouh MDA 05-022 Selected for Award
Title:	Optimized Thermal Battery Heat Regulation
Abstract:	Thermal Batteries are reliable, high energy density power sources that have very long shelf lives. Optimal performance of these batteries depends on the insulation material and detailed design. There have been many studies that have investigated the use of a particular type or class of insulation. These investigations have been useful in demonstrating insulation concepts, but they have not provided battery designers tangible design tools. Additionally, complex thermal battery models have been developed to explore the multicomponent transport and electrochemical interactions that occur in thermal batteries. While very valuable for research, these models are too complex and computationally intensive to be of practical use to battery designers. On this project, we will develop a computational tool specifically to assist designers in optimizing insulation for thermal batteries. In Phase I, we will create the computational framework based on the appropriate set of transport equations and a prototype of the user interface. The tool will be flexible enough to allow the designers to explore the use of multiple insulation strategies. In Phase II, we will refine the package, optimize the insulation for a specific MDA battery design, and then verify the package by building and testing the optimized design.

ISAC, INC. 201 East Side Square Huntsville, AL 35801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 348-1724 Mr. Andrew B. Smith MDA 05-023 Selected for Award
Title:	HawkNest: Computer Forensic Listening Posts for Rapid BMDS Network Forensics
Abstract:	Information Security and Assurance Corporation (ISAC, Inc.) proposes to develop an innovative HawkNest Computer Forensic Listening Post technology for the BMDS. The purpose of a Forensic Listening Post is to capture and store network forensic data at strategic points in the weapon system network for improved real-time and post mortem forensic analysis. The Listening Post will provide advanced analysis and forensic data synopsis for rapid forensic investigations. HawkNest features include: intelligent network capture and logging to minimize forensic data storage, innovative network forensic synopsis, and high assurance forensic data storage necessary for liturgical investigation. Network forensics is a wide open research field critically important to MDA because: 1. Host based forensic analysis requires the host to be taken off line for data collection. This will have an adverse operational readiness impact on the BMDS. 2. Host-based forensic analysis takes too much time. Forensics analysts have to travel from site to site to collect data. In a large, geographically disbursed network like the BMDS, days and weeks may pass before useful results are available. During a missile crisis, BMDS operators may only have a seconds or minutes to remedy the attack. In Phase I, ISAC will demonstrate feasiblity of a Forensic Listening Post with a proof-of-principle prototype.

RAM LABORATORIES, INC. 10525 Vista Sorrento Parkway, Suite 220 San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 677-9207 Dr. Dean Mumme MDA 05-023 Selected for Award
Title:	Anomaly Detection Techniques to Detect Malicious Intruders
Abstract:	MDA is searching for innovative virtual software solutions that provide measures of cyber security to take offensive and defensive measures in protecting and defending information, computers, and networks from disruption, denial of service, degradation, or destruction. Among the applications and technologies that MDA is seeking are those that can detect malicious intruders. This difficult to address threat must be handled by techniques that facilitate early and accurate detection and characterization of such threats by determining the differences between normal and abnormal user behavior. For this effort, we propose to implement technologies and services that utilize neural-networking concepts to detect anomalies within enterprise networks that stem from malicious insider threats. A further objective of this effort will be to ensure that our solution works with existing Commercial Off-The-Shelf and Government-Off-The-Shelf tools used to manage and analyze information management environments. This Phase I effort will develop a neural network technology for the detection of anomalies associated with malicious insider threats and demonstrate its use in a testbed environment. The Neural Network's Phase I development will consider both various encoding schemes and neural network architectures to train the network under "normal" conditions and detect emulated threats when hosted in our testbed environment

RETHER NETWORKS, INC. 99 Mark Tree Road, suite 301 Centereach, NY 11720
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(631) 467-4381 Dr. Lap-chung Lam MDA 05-023 Selected for Award
Title:	Program Semantics-Aware Intrusion Detection and Prevention
Abstract:	One of the most dangerous cybersecurity threats is ``control hijacking'' attacks, which hijack the control of a victim application, and execute damaging system calls by assuming the identity of the victim process's effective user. These types of attacks are highly hazardous because commercial applications with such vulnerabilities appear to be wide spread, as shown in the rampancy of recent worms such as the SQL Slammer. System call monitoring has been touted as an effective solution to ``control hijacking'' attacks because it could prevent remote attackers from inflicting damage upon a victim system even if they can successfully compromise applications running on the system. However, the Achilles' heel of the system call monitoring approach is how to construct accurate security policy that could minimize false positives and negatives. Although various approaches have been tried to solve this problem, none of them is satisfactory. This project proposes a Program semantics-Aware Intrusion Detection system called PAID, which derives a security policy from an application's source code, and checks the application's system calls against the resulting policy at run time. Not only can PAID derive these policies completely automatically, but also the resulting security policy is tailored to individual applications and thus is highly accurate. Host-based intrusion detection based on system call monitoring is a well-known technique to provide the last line of defense against remote attacks. However, existing commercial or research host-based intrusion detection systems are plagued with the lack of a systematic approach to derive an accurate security policy for a given system. As a consequence, the security policy actually deployed in real systems tend to err on the conservative side and eventually generate too many false positives to render the system ineffective. The proposed PAID system effectively solves this problem by developing a tool that can automatically derive accurate security policies corresponding to the system call patterns of individual applications, thus reducing both false positives and negatives to the minimum. PAID therefore represents a giant step in closing the gap between current host-based intrusion detection systems and the actual needs of real-world IT systems.

SENTAR, INC. 4900 University Square, Suite 8 Huntsville, AL 35816
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 430-0860 Mr. Andrew Potter MDA 05-023 Selected for Award
Title:	COMBO
Abstract:	Current solutions for computer network security focus narrowly on the computer network for detection and management of security problems. But computer networks do not exist in a vacuum. They exist within a physical environment, and threats arise, not as a result of virtual digital entities-they are caused by real people. The boundary between cyber-defense technology and physical surveillance technology is a harmful limitation on the ability of organizations to protect their information resources. In response to the need for integrated cyber and physical security, the Sentar team proposes to develop an enterprise security management console called COMBO. COMBO will include development of a Common Event Ontology for cross-domain knowledge representation and definition of a generic interface for information exchange between Sentar's Work-Centered Interface for Computer Network Defense (WCI-CND) and physical security systems, such as SYColeman's intelligent surveillance solution, Praetorian. Data streams obtained from video, proximity, motion, and biometric devices will be correlated with cyber-attack information to pinpoint and document the locations and personal identities associated with attacks and other suspicious activities. By bringing together Sentar's advanced technologies for computer network defense with SYColeman's intelligent surveillance solutions, COMBO will provide a full range of integrated capabilities for security situation awareness.

INTEGRATED MICRO SENSORS, INC. 10814 Atwell Drive Houston, TX 77096
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(713) 748-7926 Dr. David Starikov MDA 05-024 Selected for Award
Title:	Ultra-Strong High-Temperature Bonding of Titanium to Ceramic Materials
Abstract:	The objective of this project is development of novel ultra strong high-temperature bonding of titanium (Ti) to ceramic materials, through application of advanced nano- and micro scale Micro-Column Array (MCA) structures fabricated by laser ablation. The proposed manufacturing process will be extended from our recent innovations on the enhancement of bond strength using surface modification of adherent surfaces and modification of adhesive by the introduction of reinforcing components. The combination of these unique features will result in a revolutionary improvement of the bonds between titanium and ceramic materials. In addition to these features the bonding process is relatively inexpensive, environmentally safe, and universal. There are several advantages of the MCA-structured surfaces in contributing to the strength and stability of the brazed joints. Our preliminary results on adhesive bonding indicate that the bond strength increased more than 4 times is dependent on the bonding medium and hence can be extended to bonding of dissimilar materials using brazing alloys. Use of brazing alloys is expected to completely wet Ti side. We also plan to improve the wettability of the brazing alloy with ceramic surface by coating intermediate layers.

M CUBED TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 921 Main St Monroe, CT 06468
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(302) 454-8600 Dr. Prashant G. Karandikar MDA 05-024 Selected for Award
Title:	High toughness SiC and B4C
Abstract:	Reaction bonded (RB) SiC and B4C offer high specific stiffness (modulus/density) comparable to beryllium (Be) and higher thermal stability (thermal conductivity/CTE) than Be. However, these materials have low fracture toughness (4 MPa m1/2 compared to 8-10 for Be) and hence have not been considered viable Be-replacement materials for the MDA systems such as the EKV, ABL, etc. M Cubed has demonstrated innovative approach to increase the fracture toughness of RB SiC by 50% to 6 MPa m1/2. In this Phase I, M Cubed will use this innovative approach to further increase the toughness of SiC and B4C through microstructural tailoring to make them competitive with beryllium. In addition, a current production component on the exo-atmospheric kill vehicle (EKV) platform will be fabricated as a demonstration component in the Phase I. In the follow-on Phase II program, the manufacturing technology will be further refined and scaled up. Multiple replicas of the EKV component will be fabricated and characterized to fully develop this component.

SAN DIEGO COMPOSITES, LLC 9340 Hazard Way, Suite A3 San Diego, CA 92123
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 751-0450 Ms. Christine Benzie MDA 05-024 Selected for Award
Title:	Advanced Airframe Components for Missile Defense
Abstract:	Next generation interceptor missiles are being designed to intercept incoming ballistic missiles during the boost portion of flight while the booster plume enhances target acquisition and tracking. Controlling the maneuverability of the payload during this critical segment of flight is the attitude control system (ACS) located at the aft end of the third stage shroud. The aft bulkhead of the third stage is positioned to not only provide a lateral connection between the third stage rocket motor and the third stage shroud, but also to be the primary platform for the ACS during third stage operation. The aft bulkhead is a critical component in the interceptor system because it provides the required strength and stiffness to the third stage during tactical operations. As demonstrated in previous manufacturing technology programs, a composite aft bulkhead can successfully provide weight reduction and increased performance compared to a metallic design. The Phase I program will focus on the validation of the joints between the aft bulkhead and the third stage shroud. Furthermore, innovative thermal protection materials for the bulkhead will be utilized to limit the aft bulkhead to characterized operating temperatures.

SMARTWEAR, LLC 1802 Ocean Park Blvd., Suite E Santa Monica, CA 90405
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 396-1339 Dr. Michael Pottenger MDA 05-024 Selected for Award
Title:	Ballistic Missile System Advanced Materials and Structures
Abstract:	The proposed innovation focuses on advanced material structures based on the development of piezoelectric (PZ) polymer materials in textile form. PZ materials are of extreme interest in future Kill Vehicles. The structural responses created by the firing of the Divert Actuation System create stress requirements on the dynamic Line Of Sight Performance of the Sensor. This, in turn, requires that the sensor structure be extremely stiff, often driving the design away from low-cost alternatives. The possibility of using active damping as presented by PZ materials could enable a wide range of design configurations and low cost seeker materials for future Kill Vehicle designs. A second benefit of PZ materials would be utilizing the spun PZ materials in structures where the ability to determine a structural integrity "health check" could be a critical data point to ensure the required levels of Mission Assurance. Phase I will investigate PZ fiber and/or fabric elements in Kill Vehicle structures. Potential MDA applications enabled by the proposed innovation include vibration damping, structural integrity monitoring and energy harvesting.

SYSTIMA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1832 180th St. SE Bothell, WA 98012
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(425) 487-4020 Mr. Aaron Freiheit MDA 05-024 Selected for Award
Title:	Low Shock Stage Separation System For The KEI
Abstract:	Systima Technologies, Inc. (Systima), in conjunction with San Diego Composites, LLC (SDC), is proposing to develop a comprehensive low shock stage separation system for the KEI. Systima is proposing to evaluate, design and develop low shock stage separation technology, while SDC will evaluate, design and develop lightweight and rigid composite interstage structures. The Systima and SDC team have the capabilities and experience to successfully develop a comprehensive and tightly integrated low shock separation system that will be ready for insertion into the KEI program. Typical (e.g. explosives-based) stage separation systems generate tremendously high shock loads. This shock energy is readily transmitted through the structure of the missile interceptor and into the kill vehicle, where sensitive components can be damaged due to the high shock loads. The development of low shock separation system technologies will permit the incorporation of electronic and optical components with greater sensitivity than is currently possible with existing stage separation systems. In addition, due to its mission requirements, the KEI program is looking to reduce the weight of KEI components and systems. Systima and SDC propose to incorporate composite materials into the design of the interstage structure to lower its weight while maintaining high stiffness.

WILSON COMPOSITE TECHNOLOGIES 1004 River Rock Drive, Suite 240 Folsom, CA 95630
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(916) 989-4812 Mr. Brian Wilson MDA 05-024 Selected for Award
Title:	Filament Wound Resin Transfer Molded Composite Pressure Vessel
Abstract:	Advanced fiberous composites offer potential weight savings compared to metallic materials for application to aerospace vehicle pressure vessels. Current manufacturing processes such as wet resin or preimpregnated tow winding have significant limitations that inhibit material selection and design flexibility and subsequent weight and cost savings. The proposed program will investigate the feasibility of combining two proven low cost processes, filament winding and resin transfer molding (RTM), to fabricate very high quality, low weight composite pressure vessels. Specific improvements obtained by combining these two processes would include enhanced design flexibility by permitting the utilization of specialty woven or braided performs and the use of toughened resin systems. Part quality would also be greatly improved because RTM parts typically have very low void contents and superior fiber/resin distribution homogeneity.

ISAC, INC. 201 East Side Square Huntsville, AL 35801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 348-1724 Mr. Patrick Gorman MDA 05-025 Selected for Award
Title:	IPv4 to IPv6 Transition Appliance (IPTA) for Improved Security and Survivability
Abstract:	In this SBIR, ISAC, Inc. proposes to develop an innovative IPv4 to IPv6 Transition Appliance (IPTA) that allows IPv4 systems (including legacy systems) to transparently utilize the security features of the IPv6 core network infrastructure (including encryption and authentication). The IPTA will help facilitate the mandated DoD migration to IPv6 by reducing the complexity, cost, and time associated with IPv6 transition. The IPTA will be a plug-and-play appliance requiring no modification to legacy IPv4 systems. It will require minimal, if any, administrator training, setup, configuration, and maintenance. At the same time the IPTA will provide IPv4 systems access to IPv6 features such as Quality of Service (QoS), encryption, and authentication (IPSec). The IPTA will further provide IPv4 systems with increased security by providing an administrator with optional firewall and whitelist/blacklist capabilities. The IPTA will be designed to resist cyber attacks directed against it and the network. In Phase I, ISAC will perform an IPTA placement study and legacy system compatibility and mobility requirements analysis. At the end of Phase I ISAC present a proof-of-principle prototype demonstration.

REIFER CONSULTANTS, INC. P.O. Box 4046 Torrance, CA 90510
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 530-4493 Mr. Donald J. Reifer MDA 05-025 Selected for Award
Title:	Secure Computing Infrastructure Technologies
Abstract:	The proposed SBIR Phase I effort will produce a model to be used to accurately estimate the cost of securing the network infrastructure throughout the weapons system life cycle. The model will use the Work Breakdown Structure as its underlying basis to identify the costs involved. When appropriate, models like COCOMO will be used to predict costs for work packages. The model will be developed using the proven USC seven-step model building process. It will rely on experts to provide the initial calibration. Consensus will be built using Delphi techniques. An Excel prototype of the model will be built during Phase I using calibration data collected for that purpose. This Phase I effort will verify our design concept via a demonstration. Model accuracy will be computed and shown to provide confidence in the model's estimating abilities. Our Phase II effort will demonstrate the concept more fully to potential users who are interested in using the model to estimate the costs of infrastructure security on their systems.

REIFER CONSULTANTS, INC. P.O. Box 4046 Torrance, CA 90510
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 530-4493 Mr. Donald J. Reifer MDA 05-025 Selected for Award
Title:	Secure Computing Infrastructure Technologies
Abstract:	The proposed SBIR Phase I effort will produce a toolkit that will automatically locate and remove dead code, unwanted behaviors, suspicious or unnecessary code from COTS software executables. The toolkit will be built using COTS packages from an exploiter point-of-view. Using a disassembler, we will identify symbol table, functional flow and call-call tree information. We will mine this information to identify candidate unneeded, unused and dead code. We will then use pattern-matching techniques and templates to locate other suspicious code. Once the information is synthesized, we will use our toolkit to remove unnecessary and potentially malicious code from COTS packages according to user-directed scenarios. This Phase I effort will verify our design concept via a demonstration. Our Phase II effort will demonstrate the concept more fully to potential users who are interested in scaling the concept to systems with large amounts of COTS in them.

SENTAR, INC. 4900 University Square, Suite 8 Huntsville, AL 35816
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 430-0860 Dr. Leigh Davis MDA 05-025 Selected for Award
Title:	The Digital Microscope (DM)
Abstract:	To address the critical issue of software defects and vulnerabilities in code, be it C, C++, Java or Visual Basic, Sentar proposes the Digital Microscope (DM). The DM simulates a native running environment in which a binary code can be encapsulated, analyzed, and tested for malefactor influence, as well as poor coding practices. The design of the DM will allow, for example, the testing of code through injection of timing mismatches, embedded codes, and buffer overflow attempts into the binary, all in a quarantined environment. It will also promote plug-and-play extensibility through the use of a multi-agent infrastructure for future enhancements such as security wrapper insertion, proof generation, and attack modeling and simulation. The resulting technology will substantially contribute to software vulnerability discovery and remediation by providing a comprehensive tool for validation of code safety prior to deployment.

GH SYSTEMS, INC. 655 Discovery Drive, Suite 302 Huntsville, AL 35806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(719) 510-8443 Mr. Mike Tostanoski MDA 05-026 Selected for Award
Title:	Two-Color Radiation Hardened Gamma-Ray Noise Suppressing FPA Design Program
Abstract:	Radiation Hardened multi-color infrared (IR) focal planes are required for the US Navy Aegis Standard Missile 3 (SM-3) interceptor system. The key to meeting the system requirements for the SM-3 and other missile interceptor systems is the development of multi-color radiation hardened two-color long wave (LW) focal plane arrays (FPAs) with very high pixel operability. One of the shortfalls in current two-color IR FPA technology is the relative immaturity, in terms of transient gamma-ray/beta flux suppression capability, of the readout integrated circuits (ROICs) used. Several FPA manufacturers have demonstrated transient gamma-ray (or gamma) noise reduction in single color ROICs, but none of these FPA sources have addressed gamma noise suppression in multi-color ROICs. Innovative approaches are required to extend existing single-color mitigation techniques and develop new radiation noise mitigation technologies for two-color FPAs. The objective of this proposed Phase I effort is to design a radiation hardened ROIC which will be used in the development and production of an SM-3 two-color IR FPA. The proposed IR FPA will be hardened to radiation induced transient noise, have a high frame rate, simultaneously readout in two colors, and have an SM-3 compatible mechanical and electrical footprint.

DIGIBEAM 30251 Golden Lantern, Suite E522 Laguna Niguel, CA 92677
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(949) 422-6625 Mr. Michael Zani MDA 05-027 Selected for Award
Title:	Resistless Fabrication and Radiation Characterization for Microelectronics with less than 65 nanometer Features
Abstract:	NexGenSemi Holding Corp "DBA" DIGIBEAM will outline a feasibility study to perform medium to high-speed throughput semiconductor manufacturing with Digital Beam Processing (DBP). DBP is a modified resistless, maskless manufacturing technique (compliant to Executive Order 13329) that can be performed within a single cluster tool. Our plan is to introduce a disruptive technology that will allow a paradigm shift in manufacturing of integrated micro and nano electronics. This technology will eliminate the necessity for costly manufacturing facilities and significantly change the metrics in start-up costs for the industry. The founders of DIGIBEAM are the first and only to perform resistless, maskless patterned processing on the entire wafer level. Our complementary experience in the manufacturer of high-end semiconductor equipment makes us uniquely qualified to perform a feasibility study to deliver the technology from exploratory development to commercialization. The result of this Phase I effort will be a feasibility study and test plan for critial subsystems to meet all requirements as outlined in the SBIR topic.

COVEGA, INC. 10335 Guilford Road Jessup, MD 20794
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(240) 456-7102 Dr. Peter Heim MDA 05-028 Selected for Award
Title:	Radiation Hardened SLD and IOC Components for Fiber Optic Gyros
Abstract:	The intent of this project is to improve the radiation hardness of the optical light source and the LiNbO3 integrated optical chip (IOC) to meet the fiber optic gyro (FOG) system objectives for scale factor error (long-term): < 10 ppm and bias drift stability: < 0.001 deg/hr under a total dose: > 300 kRads (Si). This will be accomplished by developing superluminescent LED (SLD) broadband sources with ultra-high temperature stability and IOC chips with increased radiation resistance through use of doped waveguides and proprietary buffer layer coatings.

INTERNATIONAL PHOTONICS CONSULTANTS, INC. 30 Tierra Monte NE Albuquerque,, NM 87122
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 797-4799 Mr. Edward W Taylor MDA 05-028 Selected for Award
Title:	Space Radiation Hardened PM Fiber
Abstract:	The research and development proposed herein addresses a critical deficiency existing in the space radiation survivability of high precision interferometric fber optic gyros (IFOGs), specifically the non-availability of a small diameter (80 micron), radiation hardened, polarization maintaining, optical fiber suitable for application to meet or exceed the IFOG performance goals of the space tracking and surveillance system (STSS) program. The International Photonics Consultants (IPC) Corporation and the Nufern Corporation, intend to demonstrate a novel approach for rapidly developing an economical 1550 nm, 80 micron diameter, radiation hardened, polarization maintaining (PM), single mode (SM), pure-silica core (PSC) optical fiber for integration and application to next generation precision rate gyros. The PM fiber will be demonstrated to perform in space radiation environments identified for the space tracking and surveillance system (STSS).

MICROELECTRONICS RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORP. 4775 Centennial Avenue Suite 130 Colorado Springs, CO 80919
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 507-0542 Dr. Dave Mavis MDA 05-029 Selected for Award
Title:	Radiation Hardened By Design Structure ASICs for Reliable Digital Components
Abstract:	Recent advances in radiation hardening by design (RHBD) techniques for deep sub-micron semiconductor technologies enable fabrication of rad hard microcircuits through commercial foundries. By applying these techniques to an emerging single-mask, via-programmable structured ASIC architecture, we propose to design and develop a family of rad hard base arrays suitable for single configuration reticle, multi-project wafer lots through the 130 nm CMOS technology at the IBM Trusted Foundry facility. Our RHBD layout techniques have demonstrated strategic levels of hardness to total ionizing dose, single event latchup, and prompt dose. Our RHBD circuit techniques have demonstrated strategic levels of hardness to single event upset and single event transient. Our via programmable gate array (VPGA) structured ASIC approach has demonstrated advantages over conventional standard cell based ASIC for reducing non-recurring engineering costs, shortening design cycles, shortening development schedules, and significantly reducing component costs.

SCHAFER CORP. 321 Billerica Road Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 338-2863 Mr. Jeff Walters MDA 05-029 Selected for Award
Title:	Radiation Hard Electronic Components
Abstract:	Schafer Corporation shall program the Virtual design into an FPGA and incorporate the Virtual FPGA into a system with a microprocessor, the three duplicated FPGA's, and other components. A very simplified description of the Virtual FPGA is a top level triple voter. The function of the microprocessor is to add versatility and decision making capability processes. The microprocessor would add the functionality of being able to reset the count type, instruction sets, time between clearing the error counters, and system restarts or power on resets of the Virtual FPGA. The microprocessor in the system architecture prompts the Virtual for error count data of the three FPGA's within the system and makes decisions based on the error count data.

SILICON SPACE TECHNOLOGY CORP. 3620 Lost Creek Boulevard Austin, TX 78735
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 891-9702 Mr. Wesley H. Morris MDA 05-029 Selected for Award
Title:	Radiation Hard Electronic Components (Sierra)
Abstract:	Silicon Space Technology (with Harris and LSI Logic) proposes to demonstrate innovative RH enhancement of an ASIC component, using improved RH manufacturing technologies, capable of reliable operation in the BMDS for its projected mission life. Specifically, we will develop a scaleable Sierra II Cryptographic Processor using 180 nm technology enhanced by SEE and TID mitigation process modules supporting radiation-hardening of components fabricated in commercial silicon foundries. Extensive modeling and simulation will demonstrate performance and radiation hardness in Phase I. Our team's expertise in commercial process integration, device development in leading-edge commercial technology, and radiation-hardening techniques using HBP technology is crucial to successful implementation of the radiation-hardened process modules. Silicon Space's HBI approach, combined with leading-edge silicon foundry manufacturing, creates a practical means to develop digital and analog electronic components capable of reliable operation in BMDS space and interceptor environments. The goal is achieving near-current-commercial product performance capable of surviving SEE and TID. This program will allow rapid transition of the results into systems and subsystems being developed for the BMDS. Leading-edge CMOS foundries producing these products will achieve the previously unattainable goal of deploying the latest electronics while minimizing risk of mission failure due to space radiation.

TELAZTEC LLC 15 A Street Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 229-9904 Douglas Hobbs MDA 05-030 Selected for Award
Title:	Radiation-Hard, High Performance AR Treatment For Star Tracker Optics and Sensors
Abstract:	Conventional multi-layer thin film anti-reflection (AR) coatings are complex and exhibit short lifetimes when operating in space due to damage caused by thermal variations and radiation exposure. As a result there is an urgent need for a more durable AR treatment to suppress reflections of visible to near infrared light from the optics and imaging sensors contained in the Star Tracker instruments planned for the STSS program. An innovative type of high performance AR treatment for Star Tracker cameras is proposed that promises superior stray light suppression and increased lifetime in high radiation environments. Based on surface relief microstructures fabricated directly into the sensor window and imaging optic materials, the AR treatment completely eliminates the limitations due to stress, thermal mismatch, adhesion, radiation damage, complexity, narrow-band performance, polarization splitting, and cost associated with conventional multi-layer thin-film AR coatings. The proposed Phase I project will adapt the designs and methods developed in another ongoing MDA SBIR, a program that has demonstrated a radiation-resistant micro-structured AR treatment for HgCdTe infrared FPAs, to demonstrate an improved AR treatment for silicon-based FPAs operating on visible to NIR light. In addition, Star Tracker sensor manufacturers will be engaged and plans will be developed for integrating the improved AR treatment fabrication process into the chip manufacturing process in a Phase II effort.

VOXTEL, INC. 12725 SW Millikan Way, Suite 230 Beaverton, OR 97005
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(971) 223-5646 Mr. George Soli MDA 05-030 Selected for Award
Title:	Radiation Hard, High Precision, Agile Star Tracker
Abstract:	In this program, Voxtel will demonstrate SOI-CMOS imagers for high-performance star tracking applications. Fabricating CMOS imagers on SOI wafers, allows the device and detector layers to be separated with an insulating layer, so each can be individually optimized and operated with separate ground returns. High QE and high MTF come from backside illumination and depleting the entire volume of detector through substrate bias and high resistivity silicon. SOI-CMOS circuits offer immunization from radiation and SOI-CMOS reduces parasitic capacitances, which eliminates substrate bounce, and transient coupling problems. SOI's planar structure also makes it easier to passivate surfaces for low dark-current. This advantage, in turn, makes the device more resistant to ionizing radiation. SOI also allows ADCs and other functions to be easily integrated on chip without degrading imaging performance. The resulting imagers have higher operating speeds, lower readout noise, and lower fixed-pattern-noise. In Phase I, we will fabricate, characterize, and radiation test prototype SOI CMOS imagers, and we will demonstrate how high frame rate, variable integration time, dynamic windowing enables tracking during high-rate slewing. In Phase II, we will fabricate a fully-functional 2Kx2K, 12-micron pixel SOI-CMOS star-tracking imagers, and we will perform extensive radiation and reliability testing.

ADVANCED POWDER SOLUTIONS 10010 Cucklebur Houston, TX 77095
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(661) 373-1729 Mr. Dean Baker MDA 05-031 Selected for Award
Title:	Advanced Materials for Radiation Hardening
Abstract:	Understanding that saving weight without sacrificing performance on a vehicle is important, the objective of this program is to demonstrate Advanced lightweight materials (1.4-2.2 gm/cm3) materials that can have Radiation Hardened capability. These applications will have specific requirements of high thermal conductivity, low thermal conductivity, radiation resistance, Modulus, tensile strength, ductility, and machinability, to name a few. This Phase I program is designed to achieve this success without sacrificing performance and reducing overall costs for potential MDA components. Specific data for the various compositions of each engineered system will be generated and compared to MDA requirements under the Phase I. Both coupon level and Radiation testing and characterization will occur in Phase I. APS has assembled an expert team in the materials and characterization fields and has been provided overwhelming support to achieve a successful Phase I. The Phase II program will further define replacement parts and additional requirements for these unique materials.

HY-TECH RESEARCH CORP. 104 Centre Ct. Radford, VA 24141
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 639-4019 Dr. Edward J. Yadlowsky MDA 05-031 Selected for Award
Title:	Light Weight Radiation Hardened Enclosures for Electronic Components on board Missiles and Spacecraft
Abstract:	Nuclear radiation that penetrates the skin of an exothermic kill vehicle can damage sensitive electronic components on board. Radiation shields to protect these components must absorb the radiation (x-rays, neutrons, or gamma rays), absorb any cascade by-products, such as photoelectrons, and mitigate the effects of stress waves (shocks) generated by the absorption process. HY-Tech is proposing a multi-layer shield consisting of a high Z outer layer to absorb high energy x-rays (100-300 keV) and a porous B4C middle layer, which provides rigidity to the structure and moderates the neutron flux. The porous B4C layer absorbs photoelectrons emitted by the x-ray absorption in the outer layer and acts as an acoustic miss-match to mitigate shock wave propagation to the internal components. The Phase I effort will fabricate B4C samples with a high Z absorbing layer on one side. The transmission of 100-300 keV x-rays through this two-layered shield will be measured on a x-ray simulor. The neutron shielding and shock isolation properties will be calculated using analytical and numerical techniques.

TREX ENTERPRISES CORP. 10455 Pacific Center Court San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 245-6465 Dr. Colby A. Foss, Jr. MDA 05-031 Selected for Award
Title:	Chemical Vapor Composites Silicon Carbide for Radiation Hard Optics
Abstract:	A program to develop chemical vapor composite silicon carbide (CVC SiC) mirrors with reflective coatings capable of maintaining high optical performance after exposure to high flux x-ray radiation is proposed. For the Phase I effort, Trex Enterprises' Advanced Materials Group will work with Raytheon Missile Systems to identify low atomic number (low Z) materials whose properties a) are suitable for high reflectance dielectric stack structures, and b) engender low emissivity such that background infrared radiation is minimized. Once suitable candidate materials are identified, Trex will fabricate during Phase I a limited number of test mirrors composed CVC SiC substrates with low Z dielectric stack coatings. These mirrors will be evaluated for optical performance and dielectric stack structural integrity. The proposed Phase I effort is prologue to a Phase II program which, if selected, would entail the fabrication of additional test mirrors for evaluation at a high intensity x-ray facility. While the primary focus of the proposed work is the development of low Z dielectric stacks for CVC SiC mirrors, the findings should be beneficial to radiation hard mirror technologies based on other forms of silicon carbide, and mirror materials in general.

CRYSTAL RESEARCH, INC. 48501 Warm Springs Blvd., Suite 103 Fremont, CA 94539
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(510) 445-0833 Dr. Suning Tang MDA 05-032 Selected for Award
Title:	A remote active T/R module using electro-optic true-time-delay line for X-band radars
Abstract:	X-band Radar (XBR) is the primary fire control sensor, providing surveillance, acquisition, tracking, discrimination, fire control support and kill assessment for NMD systems. Crystal Research, Inc. (CRI) proposes a remote active T/R module using electro-optic true-time-delay line for X-band radars. Unlike any existing approaches, the unique feature of the proposed device is that a large number of different time-delayed signals can be generated simultaneously at a single output end based on innovative electro-optic Bragg gratings in a single-mode optical fiber. Another unique feature of proposed devices is the low signal propagation loss per unit length. This property makes the proposed device idea for remoting the transmitter/receiver (T/R) module in an XBR, which could have an antenna area of 123 square meters. The proposed device is particularly well-suited for remoting active arrays because it allows placement of each T/R module's receiver and exciter in any location of interest, where constrains of the size and weight can be significantly relaxed. In Phase I, we will demonstrate the advantages and feasibility of the proposed concept by designing and fabricating a remote active (T/R) module using electro-optic true-time-delay line for X-band radars.

GOMEZ RESEARCH ASSOC., INC. 4801 University Square, Suite 33 Huntsville, AL 35816
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 726-0154 Mr. Anthony Kikel MDA 05-032 Selected for Award
Title:	Development of Advanced Radar Technologies for Missile Defense
Abstract:	The Fractal Noise Filter (FNF) has been demonstrated to filter Linear Frequency Modulated (LFM) waveforms from noise thus increasing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Further research is required to fully understand and develop the FNF device. This device is low cost, completely passive and self-contained. Its underlying principles of operation are based on electromagnetic near field interactions. This proposed research will investigate and construct a near field mapping approach that is consistent with fractal antenna near field patterns. Conventional near field measurement techniques are not capable of field mapping fractal antennas. Unconventional near field mapping and measurements will be researched to provide the critical data for a fractal noise filter design methodology. This effort will provide a mechanism for research and understanding of fractal structures and provide insight into how to design and optimize these structures for particular applications. This research is expected to be the basis for a new category of inexpensive, self-contained, compact SNR enhancement technology.

TLC PRECISION WAFER TECHNOLOGY, INC. 1411 West River Road North Minneapolis, MN 55411
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(612) 341-2795 Dr. Timothy T Childs MDA 05-032 Selected for Award
Title:	Reconfigurable RF/Digital/Photonic Mix-Mode T/R MMICs Series (X-Band to W-Band)
Abstract:	During Phase I, an X-Band to W-Band reconfigurable mix-mode digital/photonic/RF transceiver MMIC will be delivered that demonstrates >8 GHz of instantaneous bandwidth. The high speed digital circuits will demonstrate digital control and DSP capability on-chip with high sensitivity (low phase noise, low nose figure) MMW T/R section and ultra fast switching, 1.5�m PIN diode on lattice-engineered, high power InP wafers. This will establish the basis for the low cost, production compatible, high power, multi-channel phase shifter antenna integrated mix-mode transceiver MMIC to be developed and demonstrated in Phase II. This technology will enable plug-and-play multiple waveform generation and processing capabilities for diverse RF applications.

GROUP4 LABS, LLC 1600 Adams Drive, Suite 112 Menlo Park, CA 94025
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 887-6682 Dr. Felix Ejeckam MDA 05-033 Selected for Award
Title:	Technologies for Low Power Density Phased Array Radars
Abstract:	This Phase-I SBIR Army Proposal proposes the use of a new class of diamond-seeded solid-state material system for the manufacture of virtually all heat-generating solid-state electronics in X-band and Ballistic Missile Defense radar components and systems. In this proposal wherein much preliminary (DARPA-funded) work has already been demonstrated by the authors, all or most of the basic semiconductor devices in an electronic RF unit (e.g. GaN HEMTs, Power Amplifiers, etc.) are replaced with Semiconductor-on-Diamond based devices to enable nearly total and immediate heat extraction from the device's active region. Gallium Nitride-on-Diamond will be implemented here. Polycrystalline free standing CVD diamond - nature's most efficient thermal conductor - enables nearly perfect heat extraction from a "hot" device, owing to the extreme thermal conductivity of diamond (GaAs, Si, and SiC are 35W/m/K, 150W/m/K and 390W/m/K respectively; diamond ranges from 1200-2000 W/m/K depending on quality). In the proposed scheme, the device's active epitaxial layers are removed from their original host substrate and transferred on to a specially treated low-cost CVD diamond substrate using a proprietary low-cost manufacturable scheme. The semiconductor-on-diamond technology proposed here may be applied to Si, GaAs, GaN, SiC, SiGe, etc. at up to 8" in wafer diameter.

HITTITE MICROWAVE CORP. 20 Alpha Road Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(719) 590-1112 Mr. Thomas E. Linnenbrink MDA 05-033 Selected for Award
Title:	Wafer-Scale Antenna (WSA) Tile for Low-Power-Density, Phased-Array Radars (9707)
Abstract:	Hittite proposes to develop a WSA tile with which to build very large antennas for GMD, BMDS and SBX radars. A 10-GHz, WSA tile with integrated beam forming offers dramatically lower size, weight, power and cost relative to conventional phased-array antennas. The 127-element, 10-GHz �O 10% tile contains all of the transmit, receive, and beam forming functions on a single, 8�" (200 mm) silicon wafer. The tile includes distribution (or corporate feed) networks to connect each of the 127 element sites to a single input and single output The WSA tile will enable large radar systems with impressive performance. The rectangular (~ 2:1 aspect ratio), 9 m2 GMD/BMDS antenna uses 365 WSA tiles to produce 11.6 kW at 25% duty cycle and receive signals with more than 107 dB sensitivity. For the 300 m2, circular SBX antenna, 12,147 WSA tiles will produce 385 kW at 25% duty cycle and receive signals with nearly 153-dB sensitivity. All three antennas offer full fields of view > �O 70,a. The Phase I effort will focus on developing low-cost, low SWaP circuitry suitable for large, low-power-density radars. Fully functional antenna sites will be demonstrated in Phase II leading to full WSA tile development in Phase III.

STRUCTURED MATERIALS INDUSTRIES 201 Circle Drive North, Unit # 102 Piscataway, NJ 08854
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 302-9274 Dr. Nick M. Sbrockey MDA 05-033 Selected for Award
Title:	Low Cost Phased Array Radars
Abstract:	In this SBIR Phase I effort, Structured Materials Industries, Inc., www.structuredmaterials.com (SMI), in collaboration with two primary radar system suppliers, will develop affordable, low-power density phased array radars. Our proposed technical approach will combine two emerging (yet well proven) technologies; a tunable radar reflector array or "reflectarray" design, and tunable impedance devices based on tunable dielectric constant thin films. Together, these innovations will significantly reduce the cost and footprint of phased array radars without sacrificing performance. In Phase I, we will fabricate tunable impedance test structures on low cost substrates, based on barium strontium titanate thin films. We will also demonstrate the manufacturing processes to integrate the materials and device structures into a reflectarray design. In Phase II, we will build and demonstrate actual prototypes of low-cost phased array radar systems. In Phase III, we will commercialize the technology for both military and commercial applications.

APPLIED RADAR, INC. 210 Airport Street, Quonset Point North Kingstown, RI 02852
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(401) 295-0062 Dr. William H. Weedon MDA 05-034 Selected for Award
Title:	Wideband Digital Beamforming Processor for Multi-Beam Phased Array
Abstract:	The objective of the proposed effort is to develop a digital beamforming (DBF) processor capable of generating multiple simultaneous receive beams with a wide (>500 MHz) instantaneous bandwidth (IBW). This would offer a significant improvement over a similar DBF processor with 15 MHz IBW that Applied Radar, Inc. previously developed for AFRL. The wide bandwidth is necessary for a number of high-resolution SAR and GMTI radar applications of interest to MDA. The wideband digital beamforming offers a great deal of flexibility of the radar system, including multiple receive beams, adaptive null and beam steering, and improved performance through dynamic calibration. The DBF processor will be implemented using the latest FPGA technology, which allows for rapid hardware development, with processing implemented in firmware. A plug-and-play architecture allows different analog front-end modules representing different frequency bands to be utilized with a common DBF processor. When combined with the wideband digital T/R modules employing 2 GSPS A/D technology that Applied Radar is currently developing under separate related efforts, this DBF processor offers a significant advancement in radar capability over existing systems.

CAPESYM, INC. 6 Huron Drive, Suite 1B Natick, MA 01760
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 653-7100 Dr. Shariar Motakef MDA 05-034 Selected for Award
Title:	Low Thermal Resistance High Power RF Devices
Abstract:	The goal of this program is to improve the thermal performance of RF power devices, by reducing their internal thermal resistance. This work will benefit both High Voltage GaAs (HV-GaAs) as well as GaN and SiC RF devices.

COLORADO ENGINEERING, INC. 3272 Silver Pine Trail Colorado Springs, CO 80920
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(719) 388-8582 Mr. Lawrence Scally MDA 05-034 Selected for Award
Title:	Radar Advanced Receiver/Excitor (RARE)
Abstract:	Colorado Engineering, Inc (CEI) is a woman owned business with a wealth of engineering expertise in the development of ASICs, boards, software and systems for DOD radar sensor systems. In recent years a lot of signal processing applications have been implemented with a homogeneous general purpose processor environment. The driving forces for utilizing these technologies in radar signal processing architectures have been programmability and I/O flexibility. These systems lack the processing speed and latency generated by hardware specific systems that utilize FPGAs and Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC). These technologies execute signal processing functions on data in pipelined fashion analogous to an analog receiver. This yields the lowest latency system, which is a critical requirement in real-time radars. In most cases, this is by far is the best implementation for performance, cost, power and size. While historic FPGAs systems have programmability, they haven't had flexible I/O. The Radar Advanced Receiver/ Exciter architecture designed in this proposal satisfies the need for programmability, I/O configuration, power, and size, while maintaining the highest performance and the lowest latency.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5228 Dr. Alexander Davydov MDA 05-034 Selected for Award
Title:	High-Frequency MIMO Tracking Radar Transceiver for Ballistic Missile Defense
Abstract:	We propose a high-frequency (HF) band multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) radar with distributed transmitter and receivers. The system will support both Line-of-Sight (LOS) and Over-the-Horizon (OTH) modes. The core of the transceiver is a simple correlation receiver which processes multiple waveforms and generates unified target reports. The transceiver will be implemented on a compact software-defined radio platform developed based on existing HF radar digital transceiver products. The transmitter/receivers communicate and synchronize with each other through GPS and ultra-wideband impulse transceivers.

OPTEOS, INC. 1340 Eisenhower place Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 973-6600 Dr. Kyoung Yang MDA 05-034 Selected for Award
Title:	Innovative Radar System Concepts and Architectures
Abstract:	The goal of this SBIR project is the development of a fiber-coupled diagnostic system for the comprehensive Tx/Rx-mode calibration and performance-monitoring of large-scale phased antenna arrays. In the proposed calibration system, innovative electro-optic (EO) field sensors will monitor near-field amplitude and phase emanating from the array under observation during Tx-mode calibration, while compact, optically-activated RF emitters will provide reference incident fields to the array for the receive-mode calibration. Both EO sensor and RF emitter will be completely fiber-coupled and do not require any electrical connection. The pure optical signal from the EO sensors/RF emitters will be immune from electromagnetic interference, and the EO sensors/RF emitters can be very flexibly arranged and safely positioned within close proximity to the aperture of the antenna elements. The exceptional flexibility of the optical fiber, onto whose ends the very small EO sensors/RF emitters are attached, makes the proposed calibration approach a viable solution for the characterization of collapsible/deployable arrays, as well as other conventional arrays. The fiber-coupled array calibration system will open a new paradigm of array operation and maintenance, from accurate on-site calibration and real-time detection of malfunctioning cells, to the evaluation of the overall array operating condition.

AGUILA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 310 Via Vera Cruz, Suite 107 San Marcos, CA 92078
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 752-4359 Dr. Alan Grieve MDA 05-035 Selected for Award
Title:	Innovative Active Array Radar Sensor
Abstract:	Aguila Technologies, together with Sensis Corporation, proposes innovative and practical solutions for the assembly and thermal management of active phased array Transmit/Receive modules employing high power density wide bandgap electronic devices. Our approach involves mounting the wide bandgap die using advanced thermal bonding materials onto thermally-enhanced metal matrix composite packages to thereby efficiently extract heat from the devices, spread the heat by a combination of unique materials, and dissipate the heat to the system's cooling media via novel structures. Our approach builds upon already demonstrated materials, structures, and processes to provide packaging designs which are manufacturable and cost effective. The applications extend far beyond wide bandgap RF and power conversion electronics, to optoelectronics, high power processors, etc. It is fully compatible with system level design and implementation issues. In summary, our offering is an enabler for inserting new electronic device technologies into next-generation DoD and commercial systems.

CAPESYM, INC. 6 Huron Drive, Suite 1B Natick, MA 01760
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 653-7100 Dr. Shariar Motakef MDA 05-035 Selected for Award
Title:	High Purity SiC Crystals by the HTCVD Process
Abstract:	This program focuses on growth of uncompensated semi-insulating SiC crystals by using high purity precursor gases in a novel High Temperature CVD reactor. The crystal growth process is tailored to minimize release of impurities into the growth chamber and incorporation of these impurities into the growing crystal.

KYMA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 8829 Midway West Road Raleigh, NC 27617
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(919) 789-8880 Dr. Drew Hanser MDA 05-035 Selected for Award
Title:	High Electrical Efficiency GaN FETs for Innovative Radar/RF Sensors
Abstract:	Improving efficiency and reliability of GaN-based FETs is paramount in enabling system insertion, both of which are limited by thermal effects and self heating in the devices. One factor limiting high voltage and high efficiency operation of GaN HEMTs is leakage current between the gate and drain at high drain bias. Pure screw dislocations arising from the lattice mismatch at the SiC substrate and thread through the GaN and AlGaN epitaxial layers have been identified as a path for reverse-bias leakage currents in GaN. The availability of a low dislocation density GaN substrate would address these issues by reducing the dislocation density to 105 cm-2 or lower. The proposed Phase I SBIR effort will work to identify key factors in improving the efficiency, of GaN-based FET devices for application in radar systems. This program will investigate the impact of defects in and thermal conductivity of device structures on SiC and bulk GaN substrates. Thermal models of GaN-based FETs on GaN substrates with comparisons to SiC substrate-based devices will be used along with thermal imaging measurements of FET structures to identify critical factors in improving the efficiency and reliability of GaN-based FETs for radar and RF sensors.

METAL MATRIX CAST COMPOSITES, LLC (DBA MMCC, LLC) 101 Clematis Avenue, Unit #1 Waltham, MA 02453
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 893-4449 Dr. James A. Cornie MDA 05-035 Selected for Award
Title:	Advance Thermal Management of Large Multiband Phased Arrays
Abstract:	The main issue preventing widespread use of x-band antennae systems throughout various military platforms is cost. Cheaper assembly processes, such as automated pick and place, are needed to produce antennas using wideband gap semiconductor materials such as GaN and SiC. Higher power and frequency pose challenges to the thermal design of the array. Advanced heat sinks are needed which are lightweight, CTE matched to GaN/SiC, highly thermally conductive, available in large sizes (22" x 22" x 1") in production quantities, and producible at low cost. Currently, the heat sink material with these collective attributes is aluminum graphite composites. Al/Gr heat sinks could be a technology enabler when it comes to manufacturability and producibility for future phased arrays. Though Al/Gr has merit for this application, several technical issues must be addressed to determine final applicability for use in large multi band phased arrays: corrosion resistance, soldering adaptability, and mechanical strength. Raytheon is currently developing large multi band phased arrays with emphasis on Al/Gr composite base plates. The basis of this program is to help MMCC develop Al/Gr technology to support Raytheon's multi band phased array. The emphasis of Phase I will entail corrosion prevention, structural suitability, and solder joint integrity.

WILLIAMS-PYRO, INC. 200 Greenleaf St. Fort Worth, TX 76107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(817) 872-1500 Dr. Kevin Le MDA 05-036 Selected for Award
Title:	Reliable, Lightweight, Low Cost, and Volume Efficient Electrical Circuitry Development that Facilitates Integration and Checkout for the Space Tracking and Surveillance System (STSS)
Abstract:	To facilitate faster assembly and improve the reliability of STSS satellites, Williams-Pyro, Inc. (WPI) proposes to develop a Multifunctional Flex cable, "MultiFlex." MultiFlex reconfigures cabling to improve the way cables are used in aerospace systems. MultiFlex consists of integrated micro-interconnects shielded by simple, low-cost, multi-layer EMI shielding for high data rate (e.g., USB 2.0). MultiFlex will be integrated with VLSI electronics to allow low-bandwidth communications on existing power distribution networks, which reduces satellite cabling and minimizes satellite volume and mass. More importantly, MultiFlex will have a built-in test feature with health indicators (LEDs), which significantly reduces touch labor and time for cable check out during satellite integration. MultiFlex offers the following distinct advantages over existing cabling configurations: (1) Highly integrated, flexible, low volume and mass; (2) Low cost, reliable, easy to fabricate and install; (3) Built-in test capability with health indicators; and (4) Integrated power line communication (PLC) technology.

BSEI 1453 Beulah Road Vienna, VA 22182
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 759-4518 Dr. Terence W. Barrett MDA 05-037 Selected for Award
Title:	Broad Multi-Frequency Discrimination
Abstract:	The ojective of this proposal is to develop a multi-frequency and multi-band RF sensor based on the MAP concept and capable of improving the performance affordability for discrimination of ballistic missile threats in complex countermeasure environments. The MAP radar/sensor enhances the detection, identification and location of targets using a priori knowledge of those targets, specifically the target's impulse response, h. The MAP transmitted pulse is the time reversal of the impulse response, h*, or complex conjugate of h, which convolves with the target. MAP differs radically from UWB and Chirp radars in that (1) an arbitrary carrier is used; (2) the TX signal envelope is modulated and bandlimited to the target's frequency response; (3) the duration of the TX signal can be as long as required. A major capability of MAP is the selective enhancement of designated target resonances, or minor resonances, in the presence of both clutter and jamming. At short range, MAP provies up to 24 dB S/N target echo enhancement. The exceeds the performance of chirp (FM) and UWB systems. The present proposal is specifically to design and simulate a MAP RF sensor establishing the effectiveness of target identification in the presence of countermeasures and clutter.

POLARIS SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 200 Westside Square, Suite 320 Huntsville, AL 35801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 562-0087 Dr. Art Lompado MDA 05-037 Selected for Award
Title:	Broad Multi-Frequency Discrimination
Abstract:	Intuition and some limited data sets suggest that polarization has strong potential to provide additional information in difficult detection scenarios in a variety of hypervelocity interceptor applications. The targeting of a boost phase missile requires a sensor that can both acquire the target and perform plume / hardbody discrimination. For midcourse scenarios, debris and decoy clouds, low thermal contrast, and target orientation determination ought to be measured by an active or passive imaging polarimeter. In re-entry phase, an imaging polarization sensor should provide aimpoint selection and orientation determination in the presence of a wake. Limited data exists to support these statements, however, and an instrument is needed for confirmation. Prior to instrumentation development, modeling needs to be done optimize instrumentation development and assess the feasibility for imaging polarimetry to impact missile defense applications. Polaris Sensor Technologies will perform an exploratory assessment of imaging polarimetry including modeling of the polarization signatures in BMD scenarios and establish constraints on instruments for further phenomenology studies as well as THAAD specific implementations.

CAPRARO TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 311 Turner Street Suite 410 Utica, NY 13501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(315) 733-0854 Dr. Gerard T. Capraro MDA 05-038 Selected for Award
Title:	Advanced Radar Data Fusion
Abstract:	Accurately acquiring, tracking, discriminating and engaging a missile/warhead amongst closely spaced decoys immersed in clutter is a challenge for one or more radar systems. The objective of this proposal is to optimally design multi-sensor data collection, processing and fusion strategies when multiple radars and/or other sensors are employed to form a single integrated picture of the battlespace. Although the ambiguity function has long been recognized as an invaluable tool for assessing the performance of monostatic radars, it is only recently that extension of the ambiguity function concept to multistatic radars has been considered. The first extension was made to bistatic radars where it was shown that geometry can play a crucial role in the shape of the bistatic ambiguity function when plotted as a function of target range and velocity. More recently, extensions have been proposed for the general case of M receivers and N transmitters. It is proposed herein to fuse multiple receivers by employing the multistatic ambiguity function which enables evaluation of such important performance metrics as detection and false alarm probabilities, target resolution capabilities, target parameter estimation accuracies and clutter rejection.

TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP. 1900 S. Sepulveda Blvd, Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90025
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(203) 268-1249 Dr. Paul D. Mountcastle MDA 05-038 Selected for Award
Title:	Advanced Radar Data Fusion
Abstract:	TSC will demonstrate multi-sensor three-dimensional Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) imaging using both coherent and non-coherent wideband radar networks. TSC will extend its innovative algorithm called Space-Time Radar Imaging that images scatterers attached to a rigid body by modeling rotations with Euler's equations of motion and produces a precise estimate of the complete target motion state. TSC's technique for 3D radar imaging can potentially benefit from multisensor operation by exploiting the greater angular diversity afforded by geographically separated radars, to form an enhanced synthetic aperture as compared to a single radar. This greater angular diversity can produce three-dimensional images and unambiguously determine target motion over the widest possible set of missile engagement conditions. The extension of TSC's algorithm to multiple sensors also affords a significant opportunity for improved discrimination by combining signatures from diverse look geometries and bands. TSC will demonstrate 3D radar imaging for a coherent distributed network of next-generation forward-based X-band radars and a non-coherent network of sea-based radars with sufficient communication bandwidth to exchange the target motion state. TSC will also demonstrate super-resolution 3D radar imaging by fusing data from two radars operating at different frequency bands to create a synthetic ultra-wideband radar, via sparse band processing.

DNOVUS RDI 168 Peachtree Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30309
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(404) 733-0469 Dr. Thomas Bevan MDA 05-039 Selected for Award
Title:	Influence of Discrimination Capability on Sensor Task Planning
Abstract:	The US Missile Defense Agency (MDA) is presented with many challenges in integration of diverse set of sensors previously developed by US agencies as well as new sensors into an effective, layered sensor network for missile defense. The Quality Equation Sensor and Element Tasking System (QUESETS) concept will help the MDA deal with the challenge of tasking this sensor network. QUESETS is derived from mature methodologies that has been used to task US military intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) sensors. QUESETS involves construction of a discrimination information scale (object recognition scale), development of quality equations for each sensor and sensor mode (e.g. narrow and wideband). These quality equations will predict information discrimination capability for each sensor and provide look-ahead estimates that predict discrimination performance to support the human operator in optimizing the tasking of BMD sensors. A QUESETS quality equation relates sensor discrimination capability on an information discrimination scale to engineering collection (e.g. geometry) and quality parameters (e.g. resolution, impulse response, signal-to-noise, signal-to-background). This approach requires much less computation than high fidelity simulation and optimization and can meet the timelines for BMD planning and engagement operations. The QUESETS approach has ready commercial applications for assessing digital information transmission losses.

MAGNACOM, INC. 615 Discovery Drive, Suite B Huntsville, AL 35806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 895-2901 Mr. Timothy Carbonneau MDA 05-039 Selected for Award
Title:	Discrimination Planning Technique Development, Assessment, and Proof Of Principle Demonstration
Abstract:	The purpose of this task is to demonstrate proof of principle software capable of selecting a sensor from a suite of sensor realizations that is best suited to provide critical discrimination information for a single pre-defined threat engagement. A sensor realization may be a specific sensor site for operational area planning or a specific sensor type for C2BMC inline discrimination sensor selection. Threat signature information, threat trajectory information, and discrimination timeline data are all inputs to the optimization process. The offline and inline planning software samples the signature data as presented to each sensor and sensor site by the threat object and collects both medium band and/or wideband feature measurements. A separation analysis will then performed on the computed (and stored) feature measurements to estimate what sensors or sensor sites provide promising discrimination performance for the proposed discrimination timeline. The available sensors or sensor sites will then be ranked according to their efficacy for discrimination support using several specifically defined measures of effectiveness (MOEs) that operate on the feature separation analysis results. The suitability of the MOEs will also be addressed relative to execution speed and their ability to predict actual classifier behavior.

MARK RESOURCES, INC. 3878 Carson Street, Suite 210 Torrance, CA 90503
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 543-4746 Dr. August W. Rihaczek MDA 05-040 Selected for Award
Title:	Discrimination Damage Assessment
Abstract:	MARK Resources proposes to develop radar signal processing algorithms that provide capabilities for reliably assessing damage to targets in debris clouds and for determining its consequences on downrange discrimination. The damage assessment algorithms will employ a new radar resolution theory to find a damaged target in a debris cloud and extract its motion and detailed physical description (size and shape), including the nature of the damage (e.g., a torn-off segment, with the size and characteristics of the resultant cavity). The algorithms will apply both to an uprange radar assessing the result of an engagement and to a downrange radar identifying still viable targets. Algorithms will also be developed that, based on the detailed measurements of uprange damage, will determine any corruption of discriminants utilized downrange. Dependence of algorithm performance on radar bandwidth, wavelength, and PRF will be characterized. Lockheed Martin has joined us in this project, to help transition the damage assessment capability into the BMDS.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Dr. Peter Nebolsine MDA 05-040 Selected for Award
Title:	Algorithms for Discriminator Damage Assessment
Abstract:	Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) and its subcontractor Corvid Technologies propose an innovative physics based approach to define and develop radar and EO/IR algorithms to assess damage to targets in post-intercept debris clouds and extract targets following non-lethal intercepts. Approaches to optimize data collection for integrated utilization of radars and optical sensors for missile defense are provided. The basis of the approach is to integrate predictive physics based modeling of RF & EO signature predictions to drive adaptive RF and EO sensor tasking, data collection and signature analyses. Thus, PSI will define and develop integrated approaches for adaptive tasking of RF and EO sensors. Emphasis will be placed on tasking RF and EO sensors for cases that optimize signal strength and post-impact scenarios with resulting debris that potentially generate tens of additional tracks and also significant amounts of untracked debris that alter the background levels of RF and EO sensors. Corvid Technologies will perform up to six high fidelity hydrocode damage/debris calculations. These calculations and analyzed data from Aegis BMD flight missions will be used to extract re-engageable targets. A learning machine approach will be explored to perform the automated adaptive tasking in Phase II.

SCITEC, INC. 100 Wall Street Princeton, NJ 08540
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 921-3892 Mr. James Lisowski MDA 05-040 Selected for Award
Title:	Discrimination Damage Assessment
Abstract:	As the BMDS evolves over the next decade, the community will be exposed to a substantially greater amount of data from successful intercepts