ARMY - 151 Phase I Selections from the 09.2 Solicitation

---------- ARMY ----------

151 Phase I Selections from the 09.2 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

Advanced Optical Systems, Inc. 6767 Old Madison Pike Suite 410 Huntsville, AL 35806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 971-0036 Stephen Granade ARMY 09-013 Awarded: 10/13/2009
Title:	Airworthy Cable Angle Measurement System For Slung Load Operations
Abstract:	One of the challenges of helicopter cargo missions is dealing with external slung loads. During flight, these loads often move in complex ways driven by forces generated by atmospheric effects and the helicopter’s downwash. A low-cost, accurate and airworthy system for measuring the load’s motion could allow for direct slung load stabilization by providing feedback to a human pilot, flight computer, or load feedback system. Advanced Optical Systems, Inc. will create an optical system capable of directly measuring not only the cable angle but also the load’s location and orientation, allowing us to determine if the load is rotating or undergoing a pendulum motion beneath the helicopter. This is more information than can be provided by a simple measurement of cable angle at the helicopter, and supports more sophisticated load stabilization approaches. The system will track loads through swings of 75° or more with an angular accuracy of better than 0.1°, and will be flexible enough to accommodate slings of varying lengths, from a handful of feet to 100 feet. By using LED or eye-safe laser diode targets on the load, we will be able to track the load even in degraded visual conditions such as brownout.

Agiltron Corporation 15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Guanghai Jin ARMY 09-013 Awarded: 10/16/2009
Title:	Wide FOV and Fast Active Optical Detection System
Abstract:	In this SBIR program, we propose to develop a wide angle and fast optical detection system for measuring the slung load cable angle and angular rate in real time, which is necessary to stabilize the external loads in heavy-lift vertical resupply operations by fleet helicopters or unmanned helicopters. This development efforts leverage Agiltron’s extensive experiences in developing the variety of imaging based photonic sensing technologies. This proposed system is based on active sensing architecture using eye safe NIR laser and CCD or CMOS image sensor. The new system will have the superior performances, including a very large measurement angle, a high speed tracking and data updating rate, and high angle resolution. This system is robust and very effective even in degraded visual conditions or turbulent atmospheric conditions. The Phase I approach will predict the advanced performances in the proposed system, and demonstrate the advanced functionality experimentally in the laboratory environments. The phase II development will make the prototype of this advanced system for field evaluation.

Scientific Applications & Research Assoc., Inc. 6300 Gateway Dr. Cypress, CA 90630
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 224-4410 Duane Cline ARMY 09-013 Awarded: 10/15/2009
Title:	Radio Frequency External Load Position Monitoring System
Abstract:	A common mission for helicopters is to move heavy loads suspended on a cable attached to a hook or winch system. During flight, the aerodynamic and inertial forces acting on the load can cause it to swing in the lateral and/or longitudinal directions. Load pendulum motions can also be excited as the helicopter maneuvers, potentially leading to dangerous situations resulting in loss of the load or endangering the helicopter and its crew. Modern manned and unmanned helicopters replace manual controls with fly-by-wire control systems that improve flight stability and reduce pilot workload by using feedback loops to compensate for changes in flight dynamics. SARA’s proposed Radio Frequency External Load Position Monitoring System uses an array of receiver antennas mounted on the helicopter lower fuselage to track dynamic motion of two small, low-power radio transmitters located on the load to provide accurate, reliable load dynamic motion feedback under all visibility conditions, including brown-out. This compact (<5 lbs) system uses proprietary superresolution pointing algorithms to provide angular measurement accuracy of better than 0.1 degree. Existing flight-proven hardware will enable demonstration of measurement range and accuracy during Phase I and speed transition to an operational system in Phase II

Lambda Technologies 5521 Fair Lane Cincinnati, OH 45227
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(513) 561-0883 N. Jayaraman ARMY 09-014 Awarded: 10/14/2009
Title:	LPB as a Crack Initiation Resistant Surface Treatment Process for Case Hardened Steels
Abstract:	The goal of the proposed SBIR work is to develop Low plasticity burnishing (LPB) as a manufacturing process to increase the high cycle fatigue (HCF) strength of case carburized steels by creating a crack initiation resistant surface structure with superior surface roughness. Bell Helicopter (TPOC: Ryan Ehinger, Project Area Lead for Drive System Research) will be the OEM partner in this proposed program. LPB offers the benefits of controlled depth and magnitude of compression, a smooth often mirror-like surface finish, and very low cold work (hence stable compression). Costs for implementing the LPB process are comparable to conventional shot peening and other peening processes, leading to a highly favorable cost-benefit ratio. The depth of compression can be precisely controlled at every location on the component by initial selection of the tool and closed loop process monitoring and control. LPB tool pressure control provides a process that exceeds six sigma. With a total solution approach, the LPB application and the combined benefits of automated design and analytical tools developed at Lambda will lead to a TRL and MRL of 7 at the end of Phase II of this program.

Ormond, LLC 4718 B Street NW Suite 104 Auburn, WA 98001
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(253) 852-1298 Tom Butler ARMY 09-014 Awarded: 10/16/2009
Title:	Light Cavitation Peening of Carburized Gears
Abstract:	Cavitation peening (CP) is a novel method of inducing residual compressive stresses in components to enhance fatigue life and improve damage tolerance. The process involves sweeping ultra high-pressure waterjets over the surface to be peened so that cavitation bubbles form and collapse on the workpiece. The intensity of the peening is controlled by varying the speed at which the jet traverses the workpiece so that light peening can be accomplished inexpensively. Recent work has demonstrated the ability to induce high magnitude compressive stresses in carburized gear material, resulting in significant improvements in coupon fatigue life. An additional feature of the process is that it has little or no effect on the surface finish, which may be important to gears that are subjected to Superfinishing. Also, unlike conventional shot peening, CP does not substantially cold work the material which has lead to speculation that the residual stresses might not be relieved through exposure to high localized temperatures or to repeated stress cycles, allowing designers to “take credit” for the residual stresses. The proposed work would explore this issue by peening carburized coupons, measuring residual stresses and fatigue testing the coupons to determine if the residual stresses remain effective through time/temperature/stress cycles.

Prime Research, LC 1750 Kraft Dr Ste 1000-B Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 961-2200 John M Coggin ARMY 09-015 Awarded: 10/16/2009
Title:	Self-Powered, High-Temperature, Wireless Sensors for Rotorcraft Applications
Abstract:	Turbine engine efficiency and reliability can be greatly improved if the combustion process is monitored to provide input to health monitoring algorithms. Prime Research LC (PRLC) and Virginia Tech (VT) propose to develop a high temperature wireless sensing architecture for real-time diagnostics of rotorcraft turboshaft engines. Multi-source energy scavenging and efficient power management capable of operating at 250C will enable reliable wireless transmission of sensor data in a package with minimum weight and complexity. The proposed concept capitalizes on PRLC’s extensive experience with high temperature harsh environment sensing and packaging, and VT’s strong capabilities in smart materials and low power wireless communications. Dr. Dan Inman, director of VT’s Center for Intelligent Material Systems and Structures (CIMSS) will provide expertise in the areas of piezoelectric and smart materials for energy harvesting. Dr. Dong Ha, director of VT’s VLSI for Telecommunications (VTVT) will provide expertise with low power wireless communications and multisource power management. Industry partner Pratt & Whitney will guide the effort towards product viability by providing realistic performance specifications and live engine testing. The proposed system will enable emerging engine diagnostic algorithms by providing valuable sensor data with minimum additional weight.

rjlad/dba environetix technologies 20 Godfrey Drive Orono, ME 04473
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(207) 866-6500 George Harris ARMY 09-015 Awarded: 10/16/2009
Title:	High-Temperature, Wireless, Passive, Multicode Sensor System for Rotorcraft Applications
Abstract:	This project will demonstrate the feasibility of using an array of wireless, passive, microwave acoustic sensors and accompanying interrogator system to monitor temperature and pressure in harsh environments encountered within a turboshaft rotorcraft engine. The proposed sensor technology is based on langasite piezoelectric crystals and stable nanostructured thin film electrodes, and will enable routine in situ diagnostics that will help improve readiness levels and control maintenance costs. The sensor system targets wireless operation up to 1000°C using lightweight microwave acoustic devices, which operate solely under the energy provided by the radio frequency interrogating signal, without the need for batteries or any further maintenance. These passive sensor devices offer the added capability of multiple-access, leading to the sampling of multiple sensors by a single interrogation unit. The signal processing takes place outside the harsh environment area, thus allowing for higher processing capability and reliability. The operation at high temperature relies on patented technology developed at the University of Maine and licensed to Environetix Technologies Corporation for further product development and commercialization. The proposed product is expected to respond not only to the DoD needs, but also to be extended to aerospace, power, automotive, and industrial process control applications.

Kutta Technologies, Inc. 2075 W Pinnacle Peak Rd Ste 102 Phoenix, AZ 85027
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(602) 896-1976 Douglas V. Limbaugh ARMY 09-016 Awarded: 10/9/2009
Title:	UAV Sensor Controller for Manned Aircraft
Abstract:	This proposal offers a solution for the development of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) controller for manned aircraft. In this endeavor, Kutta and its partners design and develop an innovative concept for the control of UAVs from the cockpit of manned airborne platforms. The Work Plan employs the Rational Unified Process to ensure focus on user needs and system goals. The Work Plan utilizes innovative human factors tests to optimize the notional GUI and refine the vision of the controller to something that can be produced in a Phase II effort. The resulting research yields an optimized controller that is augmented by adaptive, proven and certifiable UAV control software. The resulting product is a ubiquitous controller that can be utilized by pilots in the air and soldiers on the ground to conduct UAV-based Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance, and Target Acquisition missions. The Phase I work culminates in a bread-boarded demonstration and summary of the lessons learned through actual flight test and quantitative human factors evaluations. The Phase I option concludes with recommended methodologies and action plans on how to design, develop, test, and facilitate technology transition into the DoD UAV community.

MillenWorks 1361 Valencia Avenue Tustin, CA 92780
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 426-5568 Sascha Calkins ARMY 09-016 Awarded: 10/13/2009
Title:	UAV Sensor Controller for Manned Aircraft
Abstract:	The introduction of UAVs to the battlefield has both revolutionized modern warfare and presented new challenges for manned-unmanned teaming capabilities. Therefore, the Army needs an innovative sensor controller interface that would allow the operation of sophisticated UAV sensor systems from manned aircraft by US Army aircrew members. While sensitive joysticks can be used from ground control stations, the precision joystick type of control interface is unsuitable for use in a manned helicopter, such as the AH-64D Longbow Apache, during flight conditions due to the environmental vibration and distractions present. Thus, an improved Man-Machine Interface (MMI) is required, and there exists a compelling need for the development of a UAV sensor controller capable of operating a variety of UAV sensors. No system currently on the market meets all of these requirements. Therefore, MillenWorks is proposing to research and develop a new UAV sensor control interface that achieves all of these objectives.

Scientific Systems Company, Inc 500 West Cummings Park - Ste 3000 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 933-5355 Jovan Boscovic ARMY 09-017 Awarded: 10/13/2009
Title:	Multiple Objective Collision-free 3D Route Planning using RAMPANT (Real-time Aggressive Maneuver Planner to Assist Integrated Teams)
Abstract:	We propose to develop Real-time Aggressive Maneuver Planner to Assist Integrated Teams (RAMPANT) to push the operational envelope while considering collision avoidance and dynamic limitations of airborne vehicle teams. The RAMPANT planner will be employ highly efficient and expeditious random-search planning techniques to arrive at feasible paths in real-time designed to safely scramble away from enemy pursuit or fire. Our efficient obstacle and objective representation methods expedite the course planning process, and enables the planning algorithms to be plan and re-plan iteratively in real-time when flight conditions put aerial teams under duress. Scientific Systems Company, Inc, has extensive experience in real-time autonomous vehicle path planning and collision avoidance, and has likewise has recently used our collaborative control architecture to optimize team mission success for such missions as search and suppression of enemy air defenses (SEAD).

Stottler Henke Associates, Inc. 951 Mariner''''s Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 931-2700 Richard Stottler ARMY 09-017 Awarded: 10/16/2009
Title:	Probabilistic, Real-Time, Reactive Planner for Aggressive 3D Aircraft Maneuvers
Abstract:	The ultimate goal is to build a Path Planner (PP) that can rapidly plan collision-free routes for a variety of UAVs in highly dynamic environments with large numbers of threats. Our Phase I includes Stanford University''s Professor Jean-Claude Latombe, a pioneer in autonomous path planning, at the forefront of rapid path planning with moving obstacles and complex environments, and creator of the Probabilistic Roadmap approach proposed here and the basis for much of the work in the cited references. In Phase I, the feasibility of our approach will be proven through the design, prototype implementation, testing, and analysis of the 3D Path Planner proposed here. Specifically in Phase I we will gather the requirements for a militarily useful UAV path planner, develop a prototype PP that operates on simulated sensor input and plans aggressive, collision free 3D routes in complex simulated environments in close proximity with moving objects, and optimized to avoid enemy fire while fulfilling a large number of constraints. Further, we will test the implemented PP in simulated scenarios, analyze the expected performance of the PP and compare that analysis with experimental results, and design the Phase II system. As shown in the proposal, our approach can be readily adapted to different types of UAVs and different types of planning constraints.

Charles River Analytics Inc. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Brad Rosenberg ARMY 09-018 Awarded: 10/16/2009
Title:	Development and Run-time Environment for Aviation Models (DREAM)
Abstract:	Air Traffic Control is a critical function in the U.S. Army, the proper training of which remains of utmost importance to maintain a safe, orderly, and expeditious flow of military air traffic. Fully staffing simulated training exercises with qualified human pilots can be costly and difficult to organize. Instead, Computer Generated Forces (CGFs) are often used in their place, controlled by “pucksters.” However, CGFs across distributed simulations have varying capabilities, requiring multiple, specialized pucksters, each of which is costly to train. Furthermore, creating, updating, and integrating these brittle CGFs requires technical expertise by training staff. As a result, automated behaviors are no cheaper and often less capable than staffing simulations with human pilots. To bridge the gap between simulation-specific CGFs interfaces and human operators, we propose to design and demonstrate the feasibility of a Development and Run-time Environment for Aviation Models (DREAM), an end-user development and run-time environment for creating and executing proxy models. These proxy models provide connective logic between high-level commands and CGF-specific instructions. The proposed system will be built upon AgentWorks™, a robust set of behavior modeling and analysis tools that enable the design, construction, and testing of complex intelligent systems through an intuitive graphical user interface.

Soar Technology, Inc. 3600 Green Court Suite 600 Ann Arbor, MI 48105
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 207-2237 Brian Stensrud ARMY 09-018 Awarded: 10/16/2009
Title:	Tiger Board
Abstract:	There is a growing interest in employing modeling and simulation technology as a low-cost substitute to live Air-Traffic Control (ATC) exercises. One popular approach is to replace costly human role-players with computer-generated forces (CGFs) representing aircraft. Soar Technology proposes to develop the Tiger Board – an intuitive, domain-centric user interface customized for the composition of CGFs operating in ATC simulation exercises. Our proposed system leverages SoarTech''s Universal Controller, which allows run-time operators to interact with autonomous CGFs using standard ATC speech commands. These commands override any current behavior the CGF is executing. Once the CGF has completed execution of the command, the behavior models automatically and correctly resume their previous behavior, just as would a human pilot.

Innovative Dynamics, Inc. 2560 North Triphammer Road Ithaca, NY 14850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(607) 257-0533 Gail Hickman ARMY 09-019 Awarded: 10/14/2009
Title:	Embedded Component Health Management for Rotorcraft
Abstract:	Health and usage monitoring systems (HUMS) of aircraft have been shown to improve safety and reliability and may produce a significant reduction in maintenance costs. Helicopter rotor blades experience complex motion in operation and are subjected to a variety of stresses which can lead to catastrophic failure. Rotor systems, however, pose challenges for sensor installation due to size, weight, and power restrictions. Current HUMS monitor engines and gearboxes for damage signatures but not adapted for rotor blade health. A distributed HUMS architecture that can acquire usage data over the life of the part with a wireless data download capability is desired. During Phase I, IDI will develop and test a self powered embedded HUMS Node for monitoring rotor system components to enable condition-based maintenance and provide data for remaining life computation. Sensor and processor power will be obtained by integration of betavoltaic technology recently developed at Cornell University’s nano-fabrication facility. A low power Sensor Network Asynchronous Processor will process and store sensor data. Wireless technology will be based on backscatter radio similar to that used in RFID and theft detection applications. Phase II will collect rotor blade baseline vibration data using the proposed embedded HUMS Node and ground station software

MicroStrain, Inc. 459 Hurricane Lane Suite 102 Williston, VT 05495
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(802) 862-6629 Steven W. Arms ARMY 09-019 Awarded: 10/15/2009
Title:	Embedded Component Health Management for Rotorcraft
Abstract:	Embedded usage tracking of helicopter rotating components, combined with active radio frequency identification (RFID) has the potential to reduce maintenance costs, reduce weight, maximize structural life, & enhance safety. Energy harvesting used with advanced, micro-power wireless sensing electronics, enables the realization of truly autonomous sensing and recording. The objective of this SBIR is to develop a comprehensive and networked health management capability that can be embedded directly into a rotorcraft component. This Phase I SBIR effort includes development and demonstration of embedded energy harvesting radio frequency identification (EH-RFID) nodes with capabilities of unique identification, performance monitoring, on board storage of component usage history, and remaining useful life. One of the unique aspects of this Phase I SBIR proposal is that the EH-RFID sensor nodes will be designed to consume very little energy. This facilitates continuous operation using highly miniaturized energy harvesters. This approach greatly reduces the barriers to embedded sensor installation. EH-RFIDs shall be compatible with existing wireless sensor data aggregators (WSDAs), which feature an open architecture interface to HUMS boxes. However, EH-RFID nodes will also be designed to perform autonomously on aircraft which may not have an installed HUMS system.

Advanced Rotorcraft Technology, Inc. 1330 Charleston Road Mountain View, CA 94043
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 968-1464 Chengjian He ARMY 09-020 Awarded: 10/16/2009
Title:	Combined Viscous Vortex Particle Method with a Near Body CFD Solver for Rotorcraft Comprehensive Analysis
Abstract:	The unsteady rotorcraft wake emanated from rotors, wings, and lifting surfaces is a physically complicated problem and remains a difficult aspect of comprehensive rotorcraft analysis. The recent development of a viscous vortex particle method (VVPM) shows very high promise for providing a first-principle-based solution to the unsteady wake problem. Applying VVPM for wake vorticity transportation, while using a modern near body CFD solver for resolving vorticity sources of the rotor blades, fuselage, and lifting surfaces (such as wing and stabilators), will provide an efficient hybrid rotorcraft aerodynamic solution in support of comprehensive rotorcraft modeling and analysis. This SBIR will develop a formulation of the coupled VVPM/CFD/CSD interface and associated algorithms for numerical simulation. The coupled solution will be demonstrated through test problems for prediction of rotor wake vorticity variation and rotor airloads and response. The proposed SBIR research emphasizes the fundamental rotorcraft wake dynamics modeling and resulting airloads prediction accuracy. The research and development will also emphasize the integration of the state-of-the-art VVPM with a modern rotorcraft comprehensive analysis program, such as RCAS, in support of rotorcraft research, design, and engineering applications.

Applied Scientific Research 1800 East Garry Ave, Suite 214 Santa Ana, CA 92705
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(949) 752-7545 Adrin Gharakhani ARMY 09-020 Awarded: 10/16/2009
Title:	Hybrid Vorticity Transport Method for Rotorcraft Comprehensive Analysis
Abstract:	The overall objective of this proposal is to develop a standalone module for efficient LES of incompressible and transonic flow of rotorcraft wake on a distributed network of multicore CPUs and GPUs. The module will be based on a Lagrangian Vortex Particle Method (LVPM) and will include the capability to interface with other CFD codes, using Python or a similarly versatile language. The interface will be developed with "code agnosticism" in mind, allowing it to exchange requisite input/output variables and parameters between the LVPM and arbitrary external CFD solvers. A compressibility model will be introduced to LVPM to allow for a more natural interface with compressible CFD codes. Novel software and hardware technologies will be implemented to substantially accelerate the simulation turn around times. Phase I will involve implementation of LES on a cluster of GPUs, interfacing LVPM with a well-established CFD code, and demonstrating proof of concept using a number of test problems.

Continuum Dynamics, Inc. 34 Lexington Avenue Ewing, NJ 08618
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 538-0444 Glen Whitehouse ARMY 09-020 Awarded: 10/9/2009
Title:	Novel Hybrid Vorticity Transport CFD for Rotorcraft Analysis
Abstract:	Accurate performance prediction is critical to rotorcraft design and development, and while significant gains have been made in rotorcraft CFD-CSD methods, predicting unsteady wake aerodynamics remains a significant challenge. Current analysis tools can theoretically model the complete rotorcraft, but are hampered by modeling assumptions (for Lagrangian methods) and numerical formulation (for CFD). Commonly used analysis tools fail to adequately predict the load distribution on arbitrarily shaped rotors and fuselages and the wake induced unsteadiness. The proposed effort addresses these limitations by building upon prior work in rotorcraft CFD-CSD coupling to develop an innovative hybrid vorticity transport CFD method for predicting aerodynamics in comprehensive rotorcraft analyses. Enabled by work at CDI developing a hybrid vorticity- velocity formulated CFD solver (VorTran-M), the proposed approach, consisting of a fully coupled OVERFLOW-VorTran-M hybrid analysis that can directly interface with the U.S. Army’s RCAS comprehensive analysis will improve airloads prediction capabilities by capturing blade vortex interactions, as well as rotor-fuselage and main-rotor-tail-rotor interactions. Phase I will see enhancement of a prototype OVERFLOW VorTran-M coupling developed in prior work, along with an assessment of the influence of viscous terms on wake evolution and an investigation of methods to enhance the computational performance on massively parallel computers.

CFD Research Corporation 215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 726-4800 Shawn Ericson ARMY 09-021 Awarded: 10/15/2009
Title:	An Integrated Optical Diagnostic Analysis (IODA) Suite
Abstract:	An Integrated Optical Diagnostics Analysis (IODA) Suite is proposed for the unification of optical data for wind tunnel testing. While optical methods have paved the way for non- intrusive measurement of complex flow characteristics and corresponding model response in wind tunnel tests, a variety of tools, techniques, and data formats complicates the consolidation of information into a single cohesive analysis tool. The IODA Suite will be developed with an object-oriented, component architecture and designed for the inclusion of multiple input source plug-ins for data collection and post(IODA)- processing. IODA is intended to support community involvement and collaboration where researchers and practitioners of optical diagnostic data collection and visualization tools can create their own plug-ins for the software suite in a simple developer-friendly environment. The proposed Phase I effort will focus on research and design of the software system components and implementation of the most critical components that are key in the success of the applications performance and stability. An option is provided to test and iterate on the design for solidifying the foundation of the core capabilities before proceeding to Phase II. By the end of the Phase II an operational tool will be provided to the optical diagnostics community for testing.

Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc. 2766 Indian Ripple Rd Dayton, OH 45440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 429-4980 Jim Crafton ARMY 09-021 Awarded: 10/15/2009
Title:	Open Source Comprehensive Optical Diagnostic Analysis Suite
Abstract:	Over the past 20 years a variety of image-based experimental tools, such as PSP/TSP, PIV, and VMD which offer increased productivity, have been developed for wind tunnels. While each of these techniques can be used individually, rapidly combining the data from these tools would bring added value to the data analysis process. This capability of rapid data fusion is critical to enable understanding of the flow field, and therefore, facilitate quick and accurate decision making. Developing a software package for fusion of data from multiple experimental and computational formats is the focus of this proposal. While this type of data fusion can be very useful, it is often a time consuming process. Generally, each experimental technique uses unique data processing software, and produces data with a unique data format. Furthermore, combining this data with computational results requires mapping data between the experimental surface mesh and the computational mesh. Currently, the data fusion process requires significant operator input, and that operator must have extensive knowledge of each experimental and computational technique. The goal of this program is to develop a suite of Open Source software to facilitate this data fusion process for an array of experimental techniques.

AMERICAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES CO 3825 Lizette Ln. Glenview, IL 60026
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 559-1408 Igor V Barsukov ARMY 09-022 Awarded: 9/30/2009
Title:	New and Improved Primary Lithium / Carbon Monofluoride 20 Year Backup Battery
Abstract:	American Energy Technologies Co (Glenview, IL) will partner with Georgia Institute of Technology (Atlanta, GA) in order to demonstrate tangible enhancement in performance of primary lithium carbon monofluoride (Li/CFx) battery chemistry. The objective is to devise a significantly improved version of the Li/CFx system, and based on it to determine the feasibility of developing a low drain battery that would operate in a wide temperature range of at least – 40 degrees C to + 85 degrees C; have a service life of 20 years; and meet all other specification requirements of the US Army. The improvements will be achieved through application of new and improved active materials, innovative electrolyte system, next generation carbon-based conductive diluents for the cathode and Titanium current collector coating, tailor-made composition of glass for the glass-to-metal seal and through other breakthrough changes in the cell-manufacturing technology. When commercialized, besides US Army application, cells are likely to find use in the outdoor gas meters and a number of other civilian applications.

CFD Research Corporation 215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 327-0681 Vojtech Svoboda ARMY 09-024 Awarded: 9/30/2009
Title:	High Power and Capacity Anode for Thermal Battery
Abstract:	The present thermal battery technologies cannot currently meet future requirements that call for higher power and capacity with a smaller footprint. The principal avenue for increasing thermal battery specific energy is to identify and develop new electrode materials and electrolytes which provide higher specific capacity at higher operating voltages. The overall objective of the proposed effort is to develop (design, fabricate, test and demonstrate) novel nano-structured anode materials for thermal battery with enhanced electronic conductivity and Li+ storage capacity. During Phase I, computational models will be used to optimize the technology concepts, and the optimized designs samples of the material will be fabricated, tested and characterized. Experimental hardware and instrumentation (currently under development at CFDRC) will be leveraged for technology development. During Phase II, materials/chemistries and synthesis processes will be optimized. Test cell will be prototyped and battery testing will be carried out. An experienced, multi-disciplinary team with expertise in design and testing of microsystems, electrochemistry, and battery technology has been assembled to successfully meet project objectives and milestones.

AlphaSense, Inc. 470 Century Blvd. Boxwood Commerce Center Wilmington, DE 19808
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(302) 998-1116 Pengcheng Lv ARMY 09-026 Awarded: 11/12/2009
Title:	Innovative Real Time Probes for Plastic Bonded Exp
Abstract:	In this proposal, AlphaSense, Inc. proposes to develop an innovative real time probe for online monitoring of plastic bonded explosive manufacturing process. Key innovations of the proposed sensor probe include: a) the use of a white light interferometer (WLI) to form real time images of the particles for accurate particle size measurements, and b) the use of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) based devices for viscosity and water content measurements. With these innovations, the proposed sensor probe will have the following merits: 1) Simple, compact, and low cost, 2) Capable of providing all the necessary information, 3) High sensitivity, 4) Large dynamic range, 5) Superior stability, and 6) Automatic data acquisition and easy interpretation.

Applied Sonics Inc. 9457 S. University Blvd, #248 Littleton, CO 80126
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 471-0269 Wesley Cobb ARMY 09-026 Awarded: 11/12/2009
Title:	Ultrasonic Probe for Quality Measurement of Explos
Abstract:	There is currently very limited in-process monitoring and control information available during the manufacturing of explosives at Army ammunition plants. The first quality measurement is done well after all processing is complete. Unfortunately, the composition/quality can vary significantly due to metering errors, process variations, and delivery blockages. Even a small variation in the mix composition can severely impact the performance, reliability, and safety of the explosive. The overall vision of this initiative is to provide improved explosives quality through tighter control of manufacturing variables. This initiative would apply unique, ultrasonic-sensing technology to monitor the quality of explosives manufacturing. The advantage of using ultrasound is that sensors can be completely isolated from the explosives, making it low power and safe for operators. Analysis of the ultrasonic signal can provide information on physical and chemical changes during the manufacturing process. The proposed effort would provide key information at an early stage rather than after the process is finished. This information would enable closed-loop control of explosives manufacturing during the actual process. For example, if significant variations in composition are detected during batch processing, adjustments to feed rates or mass balances could be changed to ensure final product quality.

Physical Optics Corporation Photonic Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Alex Kolessov ARMY 09-026 Awarded: 11/12/2009
Title:	Dielectrometric Explosive Mixture Analyzer
Abstract:	To address the Army need for hazardous duty, explosion proof probes for process monitoring and quality control in explosives manufacturing, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Dielectrometric Explosive Mixture Analyzer (DEMA) system. This proposed device is based on Time-Domain Dielectric Spectrometry principles. The DEMA innovations will enable the device to accurately and safely detect in real time the compositional properties of various classes of heterogeneous formulations used in modern explosive munitions production, including particle size, bulk viscosity, and water content, by applying a robust data collection and analysis methodology, in an inexpensive, easy-to-operate package. A novel approach to the extraction of composition-dependent information makes this technology insensitive to production environment noise, and provides the capability to monitor a wide range of dielectric materials. The miniscule energy required to operate the probe renders it suitable for use with the most sensitive of the Army’s explosive formulations. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate feasibility of the DEMA system by applying it to the measurement of inert mixtures approximating real-life formulations. In Phase II, POC will evaluate and optimize the design in Phase I, and develop and fabricate a functional production-deployable prototype for testing at the Army’s ARDEC facility.

NanoSonic, Inc. P.O. Box 618 Christiansburg, VA 24068
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 953-1785 Richard O Claus ARMY 09-030 Awarded: 10/13/2009
Title:	Photo-Thermal Formation of Sighting Reticles Inside Self-Assembled Bulk Glass Optics
Abstract:	This Army SBIR program would demonstrate the feasibility of forming weapon sighting reticles inside the bulk volumes of optical components. Bulk aluminosilicate glass optical components would be fabricated using layer-by-layer self-assembly processing techniques. These non-traditional processes allow the incorporation of photo-thermo sensitive molecular layers only at specific internal planes. Focused photoillumination onto this internal layer followed by heat treatment then forms a visible reticle pattern only at the location of the internal plane. Bulk photosensitive glass manufactured using conventional ‘heat, mix and pour’ production methods is sensitive throughout its entire geometry, so does not allow this type of localized internal writing of reticle patterns. During the Phase I program, NanoSonic would self-assemble bulk optical components with designed internal photo-thermo sensitive planes, selectively write patterns onto these planes using low fluence UV radiation, and thermally treat the written materials to produce optically visible and opaque reticle patterns. Variations in self-assembly chemistry, optical irradiation and thermal processing would be used to optimize reticle geometry and opacity and the speed of the production process. Prototype optical components with internally-written reticles would be produced during Phase I, evaluated, and made available for testing by the Army.

Translume 655 Phoenix Drive Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 528-6330 Philippe Bado ARMY 09-030 Awarded: 10/14/2009
Title:	Advanced weapon sighting systems fabricated with FemtoWrite and FemtoEtch processes
Abstract:	The Army has a need for better weapon sight reticles. Currently, weapon sight reticles are fabricated only on flat surfaces. These flat surfaces produce unwanted retro- reflections. Translume has developed several processes to micromachine glass using femtosecond lasers. We have shown that we can locally change the index of refraction of the glass, thus creating features that can guide, or diffract light propagating through the glass. We can create scattering features that block or diffract light. The intensity of the scattering can be controlled over a large dynamic range. In some glass of mixed compositions we can locally change the color of the glass. We can also ablate glass. We have also demonstrated that we can locally increase the glass susceptibility to various chemical etchants. These capabilities have been used to fabricate various optical elements. Using this demonstrated fabrication knowledge, we are proposing to develop, produce, and test a rugged advanced weapon sight, with a reticle fabricated in bulk glass and characterized by a significantly reduced retro-reflection signature. Our proposal is supported by numerous data collected by Translume over the last five years under numerous DoD programs, or with various commercial partners.

ADC Acquisition Co. dba Automated Dynamics 407 Front Street Schenectady, NY 12305
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 377-6471 David Hauber ARMY 09-031 Awarded: 10/30/2009
Title:	Automated Manufacturing of Composite Materials inc
Abstract:	Automated fiber placement (AFP) of thermoplastic (TP) composite jackets around large caliber gun barrels and railgun cores has enabled a dramatic increase in lethality while meeting aggressive maneuver requirements. Automated Dynamics has played a central role in the development of TP AFP technology and its use for this application. There is a continuing need to improve safety, temperature capability and productivity of existing technology. This project will apply existing TP AFP technology using metal matrix composites (MMC) for dramatic increase in temperature capability to meet the Army’s aggressive targets. There are significant problems to be addressed to hit these targets including safety, higher power input and weld contamination issues. Unique MMC materials, advanced heating technologies and innovative processing will be used to achieve a quantum leap in process capabilities for composite jackets around large caliber gun barrels, railguns & many other military and commercial applications.

Creare Inc. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 3755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Jay C. Rozzi, Ph.D. ARMY 09-031 Awarded: 11/9/2009
Title:	Directed Heating System for High Speed Manufacturi
Abstract:	Polymer matrix thermoplastic (e.g., PEEK/IM7) composites exhibit excellent toughness, fatigue strength, and strength-to-weight characteristics over their all-metal counterparts. These characteristics make them desirable for high performance military structures such as artillery components for Mounted Combat Systems, aircraft components, and hulls for underwater vehicles. Currently, Automated Tape Laying (ATL) machines accomplish in- situ matrix heating, winding, and compaction of the composite prepreg tape onto mandrels. As a result of indirect and ineffective heating, both the prepreg winding tension and the tape feed rates are limited by the current ATL machines. Creare’s innovation is a novel Directed Heating System (DHS) that deposits directed and localized energy into the prepreg tape using a laser that can be easily and safely integrated with the fiber placement head on any ATL machine platform. During the Phase I project, we will assemble the DHS, complete pre-production tests on composite parts, and design the system for integration on off-the-shelf ATL machines. During Phase II, we will complete the system design, integration, testing, and transition the technology.

M-MECH DEFENSE, INC 200 INNOVATION BLVD. SUITE 155 STATE COLLEGE, PA 16803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 861-5688 ALFREDO VAZQUEZ CARAZO ARMY 09-032 Awarded: 11/20/2009
Title:	Self-contained Thin Multilayer Setback Piezo Gener
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of an innovative thin- multilayer setback piezoelectric generator (TM-SPG) to provide inertial harvested power for spin stabilized small-and-medium-caliber fuzing. The novel setback generator uses the characteristics of piezoelectric materials to harvest the firing acceleration. The unit will be manufactured using advanced thin-layer multilayer tape-casting production to deliver a high capacitance, low voltage, powerful and compact power source. The novel generator will be integrated in a housing containing the piezoelectric active material, the setback mass and output pins for easy modular connection with the fuze electronics. Phase I will demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of the novel TM-SPG technology. Proof of the concept models will show, through practical evaluation and through use of both physical based calculations and coupled-physics based finite element analyses (FEA), the potential energy density levels achievable. Phase II is to deliver a robust, design optimized, TM-SPG using the specific Army fuze requirements for 25mm to 40mm caliber ammunition. Safety will be demonstrated by testing the unit under the MIL-STD-331 requirements.

Physical Optics Corporation Photonic Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Michael Reznikov ARMY 09-032 Awarded: 10/27/2009
Title:	Spinning Inertia Energy Scavenger by Thin-Film Alt
Abstract:	To address the Army need for an inertial energy harvester in spin stabilized small- and medium-caliber munitions to power fuze electronics and initiation circuits, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Spinning Inertia Energy Scavenger by Thin-film Alternator (SIESTA). This proposed MEMS fabricated device is based on the rotational alternation of electric induced charge. The innovation in the new system design and use of a new material, as well as POC’s proprietary technology of the “charge swing”, will enable the SIESTA device to harvest more than 100 mJ of energy in a volume that does not exceed 1.4 cm3. As a result, this technology offers high energy density (better than 60 mJ/cm3), small size (less than 1.5 cm3), and the capability to work in a wide frequency range and sustain high acceleration during launch, which directly addresses the requirements of the OICW and OCSW acquisition programs. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of SIESTA by the analysis of computer based models as well as assemble and test a proof-of-concept prototype. In Phase II, POC plans to develop a prototype of TRL 4-5 to show how the approach solves the problem.

SI2 Technologies 267 Boston Road North Billerica, MA 1862
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 495-5300 Thomas Fusco ARMY 09-033 Awarded: 11/10/2009
Title:	Direct Write Inkjet Printing of Miniature Sensors
Abstract:	SI2 proposes to leverage its experience in Direct Write technology to inkjet print passive and active sensors and circuitry for use in medium range munitions. Formulations of dielectric, resistive, conductive and magnetic inks will be deposited to show the feasibility of manufacturing complex electronics using a wide format, roll to roll inkjet process. Our innovative approach is based on using well-known design criteria for functional sensors, modifying the design according to SI2’s Direct Write inkjet printing capabilities and integrating the requisite inks with both the substrate and the jetting assembly. SI2 will address the three areas of design, manufacturing and materials collectively to make inkjet printed complex sensors a potential reality. In Phase I, SI2 will modify its current stable of inks to develop four functional types; dielectric, resistive, conductive and magnetic. A demonstration article, such as an LRC circuit, will be inkjet printed and characterized. A manufacturing plan will be developed to provide a foundation for future demonstrations in the Phase II. The follow-on Phase II program will refine the sensor concept and develop functional antenna and GPS sensor demonstration devices for use in medium range munitions.

The Athena Group, Inc. 408 West University Avenue Suite 306 Gainesville, FL 32601
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(352) 371-2567 Jonathon D. Mellott ARMY 09-035 Awarded: 12/14/2009
Title:	Tamper-proof Protection of Critical Combat Ammunit
Abstract:	Advanced ammunition projectiles use a variety of advanced fuzing and guidance technologies. Since current implementations of these technologies are not tamper resistant, these technologies are export controlled to prevent reverse engineering and/or countermeasures development by adversaries. Due to proliferation of these technologies among multi-national allies and increased demands for international sales of products containing these technologies, there exists a need to produce tamper resistant fuzes. This Phase I project will apply a platform-based design methodology for the development of secure system-on-a-chip solutions to produce a design capable of meeting the demanding profile, size, weight, power, and cost requirements of high production volume ammunition projectiles.

Procerus Technologies LC 452 South 950 East Orem, UT 84097
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(801) 224-5713 Blake Barber ARMY 09-036 Awarded: 9/25/2009
Title:	Swarm/agent Technology For Small Unit Scalable Effects
Abstract:	Procerus Technologies, along with its partner Brigham Young University, propose to develop cooperative control technologies to enable multiple small, unmanned air vehicles (SUAVs) to carry out a mission involving search, tracking, imaging, and localization (STIL). The goal is to carry out these activities as a team of SUAVs, enhancing the performance and robustness of the mission execution. During this Phase I SBIR task, the Procerus/BYU team will carry out the following technical tasks: 1) Create a multiple SUAV simulation testbed for algorithm testing and development. 2) Develop probabilistic target motion models that capture target behavior based on situational awareness. 3) Formulate and test a multi-model tracker to estimate target vehicle location. 4) Design and implement a cooperative control architecture that enables multi-SUAV STIL. 5) Develop a search strategy that maximizes the probability of target detection based on a location probability prior. 6) Design and implement a cooperative tracking algorithm that maximizes tracking robustness. 7) Demonstrate the multi-SUAV STIL algorithms in a realistic mission simulation. The Procerus/BYU team will leverage their technical expertise in vision-based control of SUAVs and cooperative control of SUAVs to successfully complete the technical objectives of this proposal.

Robotic Research LLC 814 W. Diamond Ave. Suite 301 Gaithersburg, MD 20878
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(240) 631-0008 Alberto Lacaze ARMY 09-036 Awarded: 11/18/2009
Title:	Cooperative Control of Small Unmanned Assets (CCSU
Abstract:	A robust surveillance solution that harnesses the full potential of SUGVs and UAVs has yet to be created. Rather, much of the emphasis of current research is toward refining individual systems. Without a proper collaborative system, creation of a “sum is greater than the parts” solution is impossible. Robotic Research, LLC proposes to create the Cooperative Control of Small Unmanned Assets (CCSUA) by combining the state-of-the- art unmanned systems technologies together with algorithms that provide superior, cooperative control of heterogeneous unmanned systems.

Coherent Logix, Incorporated 1120 South Capital of Texas Highway Building 3, Suite 310 Austin, TX 78746
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 579-4974 Martin Hunt ARMY 09-037 Awarded: 11/10/2009
Title:	Smart Array for Enhanced Resolution (SAFER)
Abstract:	Coherent Logix, Incorporated (CLX) proposes the development of an integrated large format detector array and low-power, high performance HyperX parallel processor to increase the situational awareness capabilities of the modern warfighter. This system will combine the high bandwidth and glueless logic interface capabilities of the HyperX processor to couple the raw data stream to dynamic processing algorithms that enable the soldier to intelligently allocate system resolution on targets of interest. The HyperX architecture excels in low-power, embedded applications that require small form factor, low part count, high levels of computing resources, ease of programming and expansion headroom. CLX will design the system to be deployed in Soldier Systems, unmanned ground / air vehicles, and unattended ground sensors where size, weight, and power are at a premium. The CLX SAFER prototype will demonstrate the capability to capture images from up to a 12 MPixel array at 30 fps and dynamically process the video stream to enhance the native spatial resolution and illumination dynamic range. Several key technologies will be utilized to accomplish the system objectives including high speed readout circuits, low-power parallel processing, dense component packaging, and image processing algorithms that dynamically interact with the soldier and detector array.

Crossfield Technology LLC 4505 Spicewood Springs Road Suite 360 Austin, TX 78759
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 795-0220 Gary McMillian ARMY 09-037 Awarded: 9/25/2009
Title:	Smart Dense Detector Arrays
Abstract:	Crossfield Technology proposes a high-density multi-chip module (MCM) for smart dense detector arrays based on the Nvidia Tegra multi-core processor. The Tegra processor integrates an ARM-11 processor with a GeForce Graphics Processor Unit (GPU) to deliver 30 GFLOPS of computational performance for real-time image processing and video encoding. The ultra-low-power Tegra also integrates high-speed interfaces for up to 4 GB of main system memory, NAND flash memory for embedded firmware, a high- speed Camera Serial Interface (CSI), HDMI or LCD video outputs, and USB On-the-Go control and data port. Crossfield will also integrate a programmable interface supporting a variety of focal plane arrays, providing frame capture and data transport from the FPA to the Tegra processor through its high-speed CSI port. Crossfield proposes a rapid prototype development during the Phase I Program to develop a printed circuit board implementation of the proposed design to support software development during the Phase II Program and provide a development environment for users of the technology.

Universal Global Products, LLC 3159 Schrader Rd Dover, NJ 7801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(973) 968-5156 S. Zlatev ARMY 09-039 Awarded: 11/12/2009
Title:	Innovative Coatings for Lightweight Alloys
Abstract:	In response to the universal realities associated with material properties, Universal Global Products, LLC develops and manufactures a family of boron coating solutions that are thermo-chemically diffused into a number of underlying materials that enhance their chemical and mechanical properties while maintaining the integrity of the core materials. Core materials principally include titanium and titanium alloys, magnesium alloys, aluminum alloys, ferrous metals, nickel-based alloys, transition metals, as well as cermets. The primary advantageous properties of boron coated materials are their enhanced wear, corrosion, galling, and fretting resistance with less friction. At present time, wear- resistant coatings on lightweight alloys are not widely used in military applications. The proposed advanced multifunctional boron coatings will benefit the surface material performance in complex environmental conditions, and increase operational life of military components.

Architecture Technology Corporation 9977 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 829-5864 Ryan L. Hagelstrom ARMY 09-040 Awarded: 11/16/2009
Title:	Carver
Abstract:	Carver is a software tool used to manage, monitor, visualize and data mine information in regards to tactical ad hoc networks. Carver performs real time querying and viewing of information about all or parts of a tactical ad hoc network. Carver employs agents distributed across the tactical ad hoc network. Carver performs critical node, traffic and link analysis of ad hoc networks and does so in a manner that reduces the overhead needed to perform these tasks. Carver is designed to be platform independent and deployable on a wide range of host targets.

Kitware 28 Corporate Drive Clifton Park, NY 12065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 371-3971 Jeffrey Baumes ARMY 09-040 Awarded: 12/22/2009
Title:	Scalable and Temporal Data Analytics for Mobile ad
Abstract:	Digital communications are vital to success on the modern battlefield. However, the abundance of networked resources, especially their ad hoc, dynamic character, introduces potential vulnerabilities including traffic overload and the formation of critical nodes. In order to manage these resources effectively, the warfighter must have appropriate analysis and visualization tools that can process large networks in real time. Because of the potential, extreme size of the networks this requires scalable computational solutions including multi-core processors, data parallel systems and/or GPUs. Kitware proposes to develop an open framework based on industry-standard informatics tools that have demonstrated capabilities to analyze and process large graphs such as those due to network analysis. The goal of the work is to incorporate a community of algorithms, common data structures and visualization in order to perform data mining, statistical analysis, and processing of dynamic, mobile ad hoc networks. Creating an architectural framework based on a proven quality software process will enable researchers, practitioners and commercial concerns contribute to, maintain and offer services to ensure the long-term viability of the project.

MaXentric Technologies LLC 2071 Lemoine Avenue Suite 302 Fort Lee, NJ 7024
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 272-8800 Houman Ghajari ARMY 09-041 Awarded: 12/11/2009
Title:	Scalable Programming models for Battle Command App
Abstract:	Technology trends from the last decade indicate that future processing platforms will become increasingly parallel, driven by the development of multi-core chips and multi-chip processing systems. Such architectures have the potential for large speedups for many applications, but parallel programming techniques are required to exploit the parallel computational resources. However, in most industries, rewriting software to fit this new programming model is impractical. In an effort to conserve the applicability and improve the performance of legacy software, then it would be desirable to develop a technology that facilitates a distributed runtime environment for groups of concurrently running but cooperative codes that share data efficiently. Traditionally, this is done with coarse- grained synchronous I/O, where cooperating codes access files as a shared data medium. This is often inefficient, however, because a process may block on the availability of a complete file when in fact the data it needs is some subset of the file that is ready. Maxentric proposes to develop the Corevoyant Runtime system for facilitating data sharing between concurrently running software with no knowledge a priori of the sharing interface. This will enable legacy codes to run concurrently (e.g. on different cores or processors), significantly improving overall system performance.

Janya Inc. 1408 Sweet Home Road, Suite 1 Amherst, NY 14228
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(716) 565-0401 John Chen ARMY 09-042 Awarded: 11/13/2009
Title:	Approaches and Techniques for Specialized Characte
Abstract:	The ability to rapidly spot named entities (NEs) such as persons, organizations, and locations in Arabic document image data is of strategic and tactical importance. An NE extraction system that performs this task faces numerous challenges. These include dealing with images representing both handwritten and character text, images where Arabic and Romanized scripts are mixed, and images of poor quality. Indeed, experiments on combined character recognition (CR) and NE extraction systems show that NE extraction performance degrades twice as fast as CR performance as more noise is introduced into the input images. The goal of this project is to develop a high-accuracy CR and NE extraction system whose input consists of images of Arabic text. Our approach is to perform CR and NE in a pipeline, with the CR component passing multiple best hypotheses to the NE extraction system. Joint inference over these multiple hypotheses are performed using $k$-best or approximate inference methods, improving overall system accuracy.

Polar Rain Inc 1427 Cerro Verde San Jose, CA 94043
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 793-9453 Ismail Haritaoglu ARMY 09-042 Awarded: 11/25/2009
Title:	Simultaneous Detection And Recognition of Named En
Abstract:	Polar Rain proposes to study, and investigate approaches to develop a new data and computational models combining image-based features with language model to extract name entities in degraded Arabic printed and handwritten documents. The proposed approach will use robust shape features and computational model that simultaneously clean and restore document images and detect named entities. The proposed data models are specifically designed taking named entities characteristics into consideration. In phase-I, we will investigate how to design such data model which contains both image and language features together for complex degraded document images. Our computational models will use generative and descriptive models to extract names from recognition results that may contain significant error or partial recognition. The proposed approach will work both in handwritten and printed Arabic scripts. We will design a flexible software architecture so that the solution can be extended to other similar languages, such as Pashto, without extensive work and allows 3rd party OCR to be integrated with the system. We will evaluate and conduct experiments to measure feasibility and superiority of proposed solution over exiting NEE solution.

Los Gatos Research 67 East Evelyn Ave. Suite 3 Mountain View, CA 94041
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 965-7772 Douglas Baer ARMY 09-043 Awarded: 12/15/2009
Title:	Compact Gas-Phase Sulfur Analyzer for JP-8 Reforme
Abstract:	In this SBIR effort, Los Gatos Research proposes to utilize its patented Off-Axis Integrated Cavity Output Spectroscopy (Off-Axis ICOS) technology to develop a compact, sensitive analyzer capable of accurately quantifying gas-phase sulfur species (H2S and COS) in a JP-8 fuel reformer unit. The instrument will rapidly (< 10 seconds) detect < 1 ppmv of these sulfur species in the hot gas stream (300 – 600 °C) with no interference from other reformer species, immediate recovery from high sulfur levels, and reproducible baseline values with no calibration (e.g. no zero drift). Moreover, the analyzer will be compact (< 1300 in3) and integrate into < 10 % of the volume of the JP-8 fuel reformer unit (~ 13824 in3). In Phase I, LGR will demonstrate technical feasibility by fabricating an Off- Axis ICOS system for H2S quantification at low concentrations and testing the system to demonstrate its accuracy, precision, linearity, zero drift, response time, and cross- interferences. Extending the technology to measure other reformer gases will also be investigated. Two gas handling strategies will be evaluated to address the high sample temperature. Finally, the Phase I results will be used to develop a Phase II prototype that integrates into the JP-8 fuel reformer unit.

NexTech Materials, Ltd. 404 Enterprise Dr. Lewis Center, OH 43035
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(614) 842-6606 Lora B. Thrun ARMY 09-043 Awarded: 11/2/2009
Title:	Gas Phase Sulfur Sensor for JP-8 Fueled Auxiliary Power Generation System
Abstract:	Demand for fuel-efficient and reliable electrical power is escalating within the U.S. military. Fuel cells, which provide compact, efficient and energy-dense power, could find immediate application as portable battery chargers, auxiliary power units for silent-watch missions, and primary power for unmanned vehicles. For successful implementation of fuel cells operating on JP-8 logistics fuel, sensors must be developed to continuously monitor sulfur levels in the reformed fuel stream and protect the fuel cell stack from sulfur poisoning. Hydrogen sulfide sensors are commercially available, but they operate in ambient air and at temperatures much lower than those of fuel cell applications. NexTech Materials has established a unique ceramic materials technology platform for detecting H2S concentrations at ppb levels in reducing gas streams. In this project, NexTech will adapt its H2S sensor technology to gas-phase sensing of H2S and COS in reformed JP-8 fuels. Phase I efforts will focus on optimizing and demonstrating the H2S sensor technology for monitoring reformed JP-8 fuel streams, derived from different fuel processing approaches. Promising sensor formulations will be further evaluated against key application requirements. In a Phase I Option, a sensor prototype will be designed and developed for system-level demonstration in Phase II.

CBRITE Inc 421 Pine Avenue Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 722-1129 Chan Long Shieh ARMY 09-044 Awarded: 1/22/2010
Title:	Novel flexible sensor array integrated with a Flex
Abstract:	A flexible active matrix image array is of great interest for both military and commercial applications. Such bendable image arrays allow a variable focal plane which eliminates bulky optics. Such image sensor on a non-fragile polymer substrate also enables a large- size, portable X-ray imager for battle-field medical screening, for ship, airplane, bridge and building structural inspections and for security inspections. The core technologies involving such non-fragile large size imagers are image sensor pixels and driving/readout circuits to collect image information from each sensor element. In this application, we propose a flexible, high pixel count image arrays made with semiconductor polymers. Integrating such image array with a non-fragile, flexible backpanel with pixel readout circuit forms a large-size active matrix imager. Such readout electronics can be made with a-Si TFT demonstrated at ASU-FDC, or metal-oxide TFT demonstrated at CBRITE. By placing a X-ray scintillation layer in front of the sensor layer, a large-size, non-fragile X- ray imager can be constructed. By selecting a polymer sensing material with broad band width (such IR material has been demonstrated by CBRITE under a DARPA program (HARDI, BAA 06-048), an IR image can be revealed or displayed with a flexible AMEPD or AMOLED display demonstrated at ASU-FPC.

Voxtel Inc. 12725 SW Millikan Way Suite 230 Beaverton, OR 97005
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(971) 223-5646 David Schut ARMY 09-044 Awarded: 12/28/2009
Title:	Novel flexible sensor array integrated with a Flex
Abstract:	A team steeped in military electro-optical systems, flexible displays, and printed inorganic electronics proposes to prototype a flexible UV through short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) detector array, fabricated from solution using a novel set of flexible, transparent doped metal oxide semiconductors. The detector arrays will be implemented on the team’s ISO- qualified roll-to-roll flexible display manufacturing line. The conductors will be patterned on a pre-strained substrate in a herringbone/wishbone pattern for maximum flexibility. An n- doped ZTO anode will be nanoembossed with high-aspect-ratio features to increase flex and provide more surface area for the 5-nm PbS nanocrystal absorbers. This will allow 100% quantum efficiency from 400 to 2100 nm and background-limited performance (BLIP). The detector is already relatively mature, and the Phase I effort will be to integrate the detector materials in p- and n-doped metal oxide flexible circuits - ranging from simple passively addressed TFT circuits to 3T and dual-state omp-amp circuits - using all- inorganic materials. The Phase I platform will be designed to integrate the existing NC detector technology into a 320 × 240-element, 4" diagonal detector array. Attention will be paid during the program to integrating commercial driver sets and DC-DC converters developed for existing bistable electrophoretic displays.

Blue Wave Semiconductors Inc. 6208 Three Apple Downs Columbia, MD 21045
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 706-8833 Ratnakar Vispute ARMY 09-045 Awarded: 12/21/2009
Title:	Development of GaN Substrates for High Power and M
Abstract:	This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project proposes innovative solid phase epitaxial recrystallization (SPER) of III-N system for development of lowest defect density epi-ready substrate technology for GaN/AlGaN device epitaxy. Our initial results predict defect free recrystallization of III-V nitrides processed under optimum conditions indicating potential for development of low defect density (<10E3/cm2) epi-ready lattice matched AlxGa(1-x)N system with composition x ranging from x=0 to 1. Using Blue Wave’s SPER process, it is possible to fabricate a wide range of defect free AlxGa(1-x)N thin film alloys over 4” diameter sapphire and SiC substrates in spite of their large lattice mismatch with epitaxially deposited layers. The overall aim of this project is to fully establish the SPER process for the entire range of composition of AlGaN that will provide a sound basis for the development of low defect density GaN epi-ready substrates for device epitaxy of RF electronics and future high-temperature-electronics. With low dislocation density and reduced inherent strain in the single crystal template layers of the SPER epi-ready substrates, newly grown AlGaN–GaN RF devices will be expected to have significant improved performance than current devices fabricated from two step heteroepitaxy on SiC and sapphire substrates.

Kyma Technologies, Inc. 8829 Midway West Road Raleigh, NC 27617
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(919) 789-8880 Gregory Mulholland ARMY 09-045 Awarded: 1/6/2010
Title:	Development of GaN Substrates for High Power and M
Abstract:	Kyma Technologies proposes to document and model commonly observed GaN defect structures in device performance simulations to determine the acceptable level of defects to yield a Schottky diode appropriate for typical 600 V market specifications. Bulk GaN substrates have the potential to enable unprecedented GaN Schottky diode performance – better than Si and SiC devices – yet the bulk GaN materials must first be better understood and improved. By understanding which defects must be reduced or eliminated, we can understand the primary element in the critical path towards cost- effective high-yield high-performance Schottky diode device manufacturing. To such an end, Kyma has assembled a world class team of device and materials experts. In Phase I, a significant modeling effort will take place to determine the most important defects to reduce, mitigate or eliminate totally. Phase II will include a major device effort with the ultimate goal of producing device yields over a 2” diameter round wafer of greater than 50%.

Boulder Nonlinear Systems, Inc. 450 Courtney Way, Unit 107 Lafayette, CO 80026
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 604-0077 HUGH MASTERSON ARMY 09-046 Awarded: 11/19/2009
Title:	Time Multiplexed Step and Stare Ultraresolution Ca
Abstract:	An ultraresolution imaging system is proposed which reduces the required number of FPAs by about an order of magnitude. The system employs a muli-channel step and stare imaging array (SSIA) which coregisters the independent channel fields onto the centre of a single FPA. The system is constructed to achieve conjoined image fields from adjacent channel lenses by providing the correct lens tip and tilt with respect to the FPA. Switching between the channels is achieved using an active liquid crystal (LC) based shutter array. A standard twisted nematic (TN) shutter array can be adopted. Alternatively, to eliminate the polarization based 50% transmission loss, an approach using active LC based polarization gratings can be employed. Achromatization of the shutters over a broad spectral band is possible in both cases. Initial ZEMAX modeling during the proposal preparation showed an image field of at least 36°x36° is possible with a single SSIA. The full ultraresolution imaging system can be assembled in a modular fashion from several SSIA units. In Phase I, the optical, FPA, and shutter related parameter space for constructing a functioning SSIA will be investigated. A lab base SSIA prototype will be constructed to demonstrate the technology.

Eclipse Energy Systems, Inc. 2345 Anvil Street North St. Petersburg, FL 33710
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(727) 344-7300 Judd Sheets ARMY 09-046 Awarded: 12/1/2009
Title:	Ultra Resolution Camera for C4ISR Applications
Abstract:	The Army desires an extremely high resolution camera for surveillance applications. Present solutions do not possess the required resolution and are too heavy and too expensive for deployment in a UAV and too power intensive for long term deployment in unattended long term fixed position. A novel approach is required that can minimize these factors while improving resolution to achieve 0.3 meter resolution at 15,000 foot range. The Eclipse Energy systems, Inc. (Eclipse) concept uses a single lens and focal plane array to assemble a complete image by taking multiple images of the scene in rapid succession and moving the focal plane laterally in two dimensions between exposures. Eclipse Energy Systems, Inc. will reduce the weight and size of this system by changing the method used to achieve an uninterrupted image. While making a single continuous sensor, whether through a single or multiple sensor device, remains a worthy goal, simply rearranging the method used to fill in the gaps can bring large size and weight improvements.

Laser Operations, LLC 15632 Roxford St. Sylmar, CA 91342
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 986-0000 Jeffrey Ungar ARMY 09-047 Awarded: 12/14/2009
Title:	Eye-safe fiber-coupled laser pumps for high power
Abstract:	Pump diode modules operating at 15xx nm for eye-safe fiber lasers with extremely high spatial and spectral brightness and good efficiency are proposed. Key elements include arrays of high power single-mode single-frequency diodes and efficient thermal management techniques.

nLight Photonics 5408 NE 88th Street, Bldg E Vancouver, WA 98665
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(360) 566-4460 Paul Leisher ARMY 09-047 Awarded: 12/17/2009
Title:	Eye-safe fiber-coupled laser pumps for high power
Abstract:	Erbium-doped solid state and fiber lasers provide an attractive source at eyesafe wavelengths, and the potential for ultra-low quantum defect pumping by diode lasers operating around 1532-nm. Unfortunately, these systems, to date, have been limited by the spatial brightness of the diode pumps. Under the proposed Phase 1 program, nLight will design, fabricate, test, and deliver to the Army (or a recipient of their choosing) a >30W (rated) compact, conductively-cooled diode laser pump module, coupled to a 100 µm core, 0.15 NA fiber. The module is based on nLight’s Pearl platform, which has recently been leveraged to deliver record brightness in the 9xx-nm wavelength regime. This proposal seeks to extend the technique to the eyesafe wavelengths. The unit will emit at 1532.2 nm with a predicted electrical-to-optical efficiency (measured at the fiber output) of 27%. As an option to the program, nLight will design and deliver to the Army (or a recipient of their choosing) a similar-performing unit which is wavelength locked (spectral width < 0.5nm FWHM) by means of a volumetric Bragg grating. The module will include an integrated heater on the grating element to allow wavelength tunability in the range of +/- 0.2 nm.

Bedford Signals Corporation 27 Burlington Road Bedford, MA 1730
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(339) 223-2861 Kenneth A. Falcone ARMY 09-048 Awarded: 12/15/2009
Title:	A Self Calibrating Ultra-Wideband Pulse Notching T
Abstract:	The Army is looking to develop and demonstrate a low-power, ultra-wideband (UWB) transmitter whose spectral content can be tailored to fit within certain limits, and avoid specific frequency bands. What is needed is a transmitter that can generate a waveform supporting 0.4 to 2.4 GHz with multiple programmed nulls in a pulse no longer than 50nS, along with an algorithm to compress the target return signal into an impulse. The average output power should support 5 mW, with -20 dBm/MHz. Bedford Signals proposes to solve this problem by combining our capabilities in UWB notching filters and cancellers with our wideband digital waveform generator. Specifically, we intend to modify our digital waveform generator to support notching a 50 nS pulse having a 2.5 GHz bandwidth. The proposed self calibrating hardware design is based on our existing DSP board, and is targeted at a production cost of $2500 each in volume.

Sierra Lobo, Inc. 426 Croghan Street Fremont, OH 43420
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(419) 499-9653 Philip Putman ARMY 09-049 Awarded: 12/3/2009
Title:	High-G Magnetic Capture System
Abstract:	High-g testing through controlled deceleration has proven to be a key to the successful development of electronics that must survive gun launch. A magnetic method of deceleration has been widely implemented in a related commercial application (amusement park rides), because magnetic braking has the advantages of simplicity, low-maintenance costs, high-repetition rates, and predictable performance. An advanced version of this technology can meet the higher deceleration needs of the Army Research Laboratory’s component testing program. This technology also improves the fidelity of the tests by allowing a deceleration profile to be programmed. Sierra Lobo, Inc. (Sierra Lobo) proposes to design, fabricate, and test a prototype High-G Magnetic Capture System (HGMCS) in Phase I. The simplicity of the configuration, the amenability of electromechanical systems in general to accurate performance prediction, and the availability of components for the system make it possible to fabricate and begin testing a full-scale prototype. During testing, emphasis will be placed on developing operating procedures and making design refinements that minimize both operating costs and the time that personnel must spend preparing for high-g simulations. Testing will continue during Phase II. If necessary, additional prototypes will be fabricated incorporating the lessons learned during testing.

Advanced Cooling Technologies, Inc. 1046 New Holland Avenue Lancaster, PA 17601
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(717) 295-6061 Scott Garner ARMY 09-050 Awarded: 12/9/2009
Title:	High Velocity Particle Consolidation Utilizing Liq
Abstract:	This Small Business Innovative Research Phase I project will develop an innovative High Velocity Particle Consolidation system using liquid particle acceleration mechanisms for Cold Spray applications. Conventional Cold Spray uses high pressure process gas to accelerate particles to a critical velocity, so that upon impact with a substrate, the particles plastically deform and create a coating. Abrasive Water Jet (AWJ) cutting uses high pressure water to accelerate abrasive particles to velocities in excess of 1000 m/s to remove material. Combining the advantages of conventional Cold Spray deposition with the more simplistic, yet effective AWJ cutting technology will result in a novel Liquid Cold Spray deposition method. Liquid Cold Spray will be able to obtain the critical velocity much more effectively by using a denser carrying fluid. The denser fluid will also allow powders to be supplied via Venturi Effect, eliminating the need for costly powder feeder arrangements used in traditional Cold Spray. Reaching the critical velocity more efficiently and simplifying system design will result in a more cost effective deposition system. By using a denser fluid accelerant, powders which lie outside of the conventional Cold Spray regime may be deposited, thereby producing a new class of materials and coatings.

Ormond, LLC 4718 B Street NW Suite 104 Auburn, WA 98001
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(253) 852-1298 Tom ARMY 09-050 Awarded: 11/1/2009
Title:	High Pressure Liquid Accelerated Cold Spray
Abstract:	This proposal introduces a novel Direct Manufacturing process for making high performance components and coatings. This process has the potential to overcome many of the limitations of current technology and may make it possible to manufacture production quantity and quality parts directly from powder, minimizing material waste, reducing overall manufacturing costs and dramatically reducing lead time for new and replacement components. This new process is a modification of the emerging gas dynamic cold spray technology where the currently used gas is replaced by a high velocity liquid to accelerate the powders. Because it is approximately 1,000 times denser than gas, the liquid is much more effective at accelerating particles. Commercially available high pressure liquid pumps can drive the particles at speeds up to 1,000 m/s, well above the critical velocity required for adhesion for many coating applications. This project will consist of a series of parameter studies to determine effective operating conditions and nozzle designs.

American Engineering & Manufacturing 4622 French Creek Road Sheffield, OH 44054
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(614) 846-5718 John Lawmon ARMY 09-051 Awarded: 12/14/2009
Title:	Innovative manufacturing research on forming of la
Abstract:	Based on the successful demonstration of induction heating and near net shape forming of titanium alloys, the concept is to be extended to other armor materials. The success of the process derives from the ability to heat a narrow band of material to a point at which its formability increases without metallurgical damage. Standard metallurgical processes and the GleebleTM Thermo Mechanical Simulator will be used to characterize and validate the induction heating concept for other armor alloys by: developing high temperature material properties; and straining material at high temperature for subsequent room temperature evaluation. These results will be compared with those from representative welds to ensure a balanced process comparison. The proposed Phase 1 option will consider new coil designs and how the effects of variable thermal emissivity can be resolved for closed loop temperature control. The developed technology is expected to be of benefit to both the DoD and commercial sector who will both be able to reduce manufacturing costs and work in progress, while providing an alternate to skill sensitive welding. The development of the GleebleTM technology will be of particular interest to the energy sector.

Corvid Technologies, Inc. 145 Overhill Drive Mooresville, NC 28117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(704) 799-6944 John Cogar ARMY 09-051 Awarded: 12/9/2009
Title:	Innovative manufacturing research on forming of la
Abstract:	Corvid Technologies is pleased to offer the following response to this topic, ARMY 09-051 Innovative manufacturing research on forming of large light armor alloy sections resistant to blast and penetration. Corvid is offering to partner with the non-profit research institution Concurrent Technologies Corporation (CTC). We will investigate specialty welding techniques developed at CTC to determine applicability in forming armor plating. Further we will utilize high fidelity modeling and simulation to determine the armor’s effectiveness against penetration and blast before testing is required.

C-2 Innovations, Inc 102 Peabody Dr Stow, MA 01775
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 298-5365 Arnis mangolds ARMY 09-052 Awarded: 11/1/2009
Title:	Novel Variable Explosive Yield Concept
Abstract:	The C-2I, Inc Tailorable Effects Munition (TEM) is a new application detcord arrays that offers multi-mode yields previously unachievable with bulk explosives. By taking advantage of the flight geometry grid design flexibility and initiation points, the same munition can act as a bulk explosive, a distributed explosive or by using colliding shock front loops a pattern of enhanced shock waves. The potential to go beyond merely dual mode is apparent by observation of the changing geometric shape and if proven the TEM design will offer the war-fighter an entirely new capability with asymmetric affects that can be matched to nearly any target type.

Energetic Materials & Products, Inc. 1413 Brandi Lane Round Rock, TX 78681
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 380-1992 Dennis Wilson ARMY 09-052 Awarded: 11/16/2009
Title:	Novel Variable Explosive Yield Concept
Abstract:	This proposal describes two technical objectives and a detailed work plan to demonstrate the capability to provide both variable blast and selectable fragmentation from a single ordnance package. The first technical objective is to develop and test a warhead that will provide moderate blast with very low collateral damage through no fragment dispersion. The second technical objective is develop and test, using the same configuration but different initiation methods, a warhead that will provide enhanced blast and maximum fragment dispersion leading to unrestricted collateral damage. This proposal leverages recent advances in developing a novel class of high-energy-density, modified explosives called Aluminum Perfluoropolyether Explosives (APEX) developed by EMPI, that are candidates for selectable effects munitions. The APEX material is to be used together with a conventional explosive (HE) to provide this unique functionality. The optimum HE/APEX mass ratio and warhead configuration will be determined during Phase I analysis and testing. During the Option period, a test article more closely resembling an ordnance package will be designed and demonstrated based on the performance optimization efforts in Phase I.

Texas Research Institute Austin, Inc. 9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 263-2101 George Hansen ARMY 09-053 Awarded: 12/21/2009
Title:	Disruptive fibers and textiles for flexible protec
Abstract:	Development of ballistic grade fiber beyond aramid has not sufficiently evolved to achieve the performance requirements necessary for future personnel protection needs. New polymer fibers such as Zylon and M5 have shown promise, but long-term aging and difficulties in manufacturing respectively have hindered their realization. Researchers in this area have long known that incorporation of hydrogen bonding species along the polymer backbone could increase cohesive energy density and hence fiber mechanical properties. TRI/Austin proposes the development of a new organic fiber chemistry that will provide a high level of hydrogen bonding and crystallinity, cohesive energy density, and mechanical properties. The proposed fiber material, having bi-dentate hydrogen bonding, will exhibit properties superior to the aramids, which only have monodentate hydrogen bonds. The manufacturing process is expected to be significantly more cost effective than currently available high performance fibers. Based on the numerous monomers available for this proposed polymer technology, the long-term result is conceivably an entire family of related high strength polymer products. During Phase I TRI/Austin will model the effects of variations in monomer compositions on final polymer properties. These results will be used to downselect one polymer for fabrication of fiber for determination of mechanical properties.

Hysitron Incorporated 10025 Valley View Road Minneapolis, MN 55344
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 835-6366 S.A. Syed Asif ARMY 09-055 Awarded: 12/22/2009
Title:	Versatile Micro/Nano-mechanical Load Frame For In
Abstract:	In situ TEM based nano mechanical testing has been a powerful tool for directly correlating the mechanical response with the underlying physical mechanism and microstructure evolution when materials are subjected to a stress. However, geometrical restriction of the specimen thickness for electron transparency poses limitations with respect to the length scale and the choice of materials which can be tested. Applying in- situ mechanical testing to other high resolution microscopy techniques such as SEM, AFM and Laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) opens up the possibility of testing a wider range of materials particularly soft polymers and biomaterials at the nanometer to micrometer length scale. Combining this real-time in-situ mechanical testing with Digital Image Correlation (DIC), for mapping the local strain, will revolutionize our understanding of deformation mechanics of materials. This project will develop a new quantitative in-situ micro/nano mechanical test instrument with interchangeable transducers which can be integrated into many microscopy systems (SEM, AFM, LSCM) yielding quantitative load- displacement data concomitant with real time images of the microstructural behavior. The images obtained can be analyzed using DIC for local strain mapping. In Phase I we will design the transducers, three axis positioner, modular frame, specimen holders, control hardware and software. The feasibility of the design will be studied using 3D CAD models and Finite Element Simulation. The fully-integrated system will built and tested in Phase II.

Psylotech LLC 820 Davis Street Suite 120 Evanston, IL 60201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 859-7200 Alex Arzoumanidis ARMY 09-055 Awarded: 11/12/2009
Title:	Versatile Micro/Nano-mechanical Load Frame For In
Abstract:	Bio-inspired polymer micro and nano composites motivate next generation armor materials. Predictive multi-scale models require small scale test equipment. The proposed microscale Universal Testing Machine (mUTS) aims at filling the void in commercial micro and nanoscale materials testing instrumentation. The methods and hardware proposed enable concurrent high resolution imaging of specimens by optical, atomic force or scanning electron microscopy. Applying Digital Image Correlation to captured images offers full-field strains in heterogeneous and nanostructured polymeric and biological materials, capturing the effects of local anisotropy. The modular nature of this mUTS allows for force measurements from nN to hundreds of Newtons. The mUTS facilitates creep and stress relaxation experiments with micro and nanoscale specimens, and tests at time scales of milliseconds to hours. These capabilities are essential for the characterization of viscoelastic/viscoplastic materials where time is integral in their constitutive behavior. Several considerations in the design of this apparatus aim at removing measurement artifacts and environmental effects, while a variety of specimen fixtures permits different stress/strain profiles in the tested materials. This proposal benefits from the synergy between an Academic expert with long experience in micro and nanoscale experimentation and Psylotech’s expertise in novel force sensors and viscoelastic materials testing.

Discovery Semiconductors, Inc. 119 Silvia Street Ewing, NJ 08628
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 434-1311 Abhay M Joshi ARMY 09-056 Awarded: 10/16/2009
Title:	Ultra-fast Photonics-enabled RF Arbitrary Waveform Generation Utilizing Highly Linear, High Power Photodiodes
Abstract:	We propose to demonstrate a photonic radio-frequency (RF) arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) having (1) 3 dB bandwidth = 10 GHz, (2) time aperture > 2 ns (time- bandwidth product > 20), and (3) maximum RF output amplitude > 3 V. This performance will be facilitated by our proposed highly linear, high-power 10 GHz bandwidth photodiodes which will deliver > 3 V peak RF amplitude, thereby enabling a 6-fold improvement over the state-of-the-art in photonic AWGs. Additionally, the photodiode will provide high amplitude linearity (> 50 dBm OIP3) and high phase linearity (< 2 rad/W power-to-phase conversion factor) in order to maximize the dynamic range as well as to reduce the timing jitter of photonic AWGs. Our photodiodes’ inherently low polarization dependent loss (< 0.1 dB) combined with the proposed modifications in the photonic AWG architecture will lead to a stable operation for > 1 hour without any polarization adjustments. During the Phase I Option period, the 3 dB bandwidth of the proposed photodiode and the photonic AWG will be extended to 20 GHz, while maintaining the other specifications.

S2 Corporation 2310 University Way Building 4-1 Bozeman, MT 59715
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(406) 922-0334 Peter Sellin ARMY 09-056 Awarded: 10/28/2009
Title:	Photonics-enabled Radio-Frequency Arbitrary Waveform Generation
Abstract:	We propose to analyze and design prototype hardware, and demonstrate basic capabilities in a Phase I effort, based on coherent accumulation and interference of spectrally shaped waveforms to achieve wideband RF arbitrary waveform generation. The combined specifications include bandwidths of 10-40 GHz, time bandwidth products >>50 given the bandwidth and long time apertures with complete control of phase and amplitude of the signals, with bipolar waveform generation. The technology enables agile waveform generation for communications, sensor, radar and surveillance applications.

SA Photonics 650 5th Street Suite 505 San Francisco, CA 94107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(415) 977-0553 James Coward ARMY 09-056 Awarded: 10/27/2009
Title:	Photonics-enabled Radio-Frequency Arbitrary Waveform Generation
Abstract:	There is increasing need for arbitrary RF waveforms with very wide instantaneous bandwidths for defense and commercial applications. Standard electronic approaches have limited bandwidth and are sensitive to electromagnetic interference. Photonic approaches are believed to be the solution because light is wideband and non-dispersive in RF. Fourier transform pulse shaping (FPS) and Direct Space-to-time pulse shaping (DST) are two main techniques to generate RF arbitrary waveforms. However, FPS requires massive numerical computations in order to find the Fourier components of the wanted RF waveform. DST is simple in controlling the waveforms but it cannot produce very large time-bandwidth product waveforms. SA Photonics is pleased to propose a program to develop a high performance Photonic programmable Arbitrary RF Waveform generation System (PAWS). The PAWS is a compact and robust fiber optics system capable of producing bipolar, large time-bandwidth product and repetitive RF pulses with programmable pulse envelopes. It combines the advantages of FPS and DST but does not have their pitfalls. It contains a DST pulse shaper, waveform time stretcher, waveform bandwidth extender and bipolar waveform generation.

MOXtronics, Inc. 1309 Elsdon Ct. Columbia, MO 65203
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(573) 882-3174 Yungryel Ryu ARMY 09-057 Awarded: 11/18/2009
Title:	Ultraviolet photodetectors based on wide-bandgap o
Abstract:	This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will fabricate solar-blind UV detectors (SBDs) using BeZnO, a new wide bandgap semiconductor material developed by the proposing company, MOXtronics, Inc. These SBDs would be very sensitive and efficient for detection of UV radiation in the spectral range 265 - 280 nm. Their response time would be in the range 100 ns ~ 1 ƒÝsec, and the peak ratio of the responsivity in the spectral region below 280 nm to that in the visible will be „d 5 orders of magnitude. Fabrication of the proposed SBDs will be based on success in synthesis of new BeZnO alloys and formation of ohmic contacts to BeZnO.

Tanner Research, Inc. 825 S. Myrtle Ave. Monrovia, CA 91016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 471-9700 Hyesog (Joe) Lee ARMY 09-057 Awarded: 11/6/2009
Title:	High Responsivity Solar Blind Detector Based On Zn
Abstract:	Several Army applications that utilize ultra violet light emitting diodes (UV LEDs) require high responsivity solar blind detectors (SBDs) what will replace currently used PMTs. On-going development efforts in each of SiC and GaN based APDs have not yet met the performance requirements Tanner Research is proposing to leverage recent developments in ZnO UV photodetectors to build a high responsivity SBD with sufficiently low dark current noise. We will use proven concepts and take full advantage of our prior knowledge and experiences in recent experimental demonstration of a high gain ZnO UV detector. In Phase I, we will provide key design parameters in building the final device.

Cermet, Inc. 1019 Collier Road Suite C1 Atlanta, GA 30318
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(404) 351-0005 Jeff Nause ARMY 09-058 Awarded: 10/27/2009
Title:	ZnO alloy based LEDs and laser diodes
Abstract:	Cermet proposes to demonstrate MgZnCdO based light emitting diodes on native substrates. This will be accomplished by focusing on three technical areas. First, Cermet will increase its existing p-type ZnO capability to greater than 1e18 holes per cm^3. Second, Cermet will refine alloy growth across the quaternary system to address a wide emission wavelength range. Finally, Cermet will develop light emitting diodes at specific wavelengths.

ZN Technology, Inc. 910 Columbia Street Brea, CA 92821
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 989-8880 Jizhi Zhang ARMY 09-058 Awarded: 10/28/2009
Title:	Zn(Mg,Cd)O Heterostructure Light Emitters
Abstract:	Recent developments in p-type doping of ZnO, a wide gap semiconductor with high potential for efficient, UV and visible LEDs and laser diodes, have enabled successful fabrication of ZnO LEDs with emission in the near UV. However, issues of p-type layer quality, reproducibility, and stability have hindered process in improving the LED''s efficiency. In this project, p-type doping processes will be developed that will enable efficiency increases to usable and commercial levels. ZnO-based heterostructures will be developed that will further add to the efficiency improvement and permit tunability over a wide range of the UV, from UVA to UVC, along with the visible range. Bulk ZnO substrates will be enhanced with the addition of Mg to reduce defect levels in the LEDs, improving both their efficiency and lifetime.

Gencia Corporation 706 B Forest Street Charlottesville, VA 22903
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(424) 295-4800 Shaharyar M. Khan ARMY 09-059 Awarded: 10/27/2009
Title:	The Energetics of Cognitive Performmance: Regulation of Neuronal Adenosine Triphosphate Production
Abstract:	Mitochondria are the power houses of the cell and, as such, regulate many physiological parameters such as power, endurance and cognition. Increasing mitochondrial performance would increase these parameters. To date, approaches to increasing mitochondrial function are limited. Most approaches involve increasing the concentration of metabolites necessary for proper mitochondrial function, such as creatine. We have developed a recombinant protein, (rhTFAM or recombinant human Transcription Factor A Mitochondrial) based on the mitochondrial transcription factor, that rapidly and robustly increases mitochondrial function in living animals including endurance and motor coordination by over two fold in three weeks. Brain, heart and muscle mitochondrial activity and ATP are increased significantly (ranging over 35-300%). RhTFAM is safe even after monthly dosing over a 10 month period in mice and reduces oxidative stress. We are applying for Army funding to test effects of rhTFAM on physical and cognitive performance in mice in SBIR Phase I studies with the intent to accelerate the clinical development of rhTFAM as a mitochondrial therapeutic capable of optimizing ATP production in Phase II studies.

Luna Innovations Incorporated 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 483-4234 Zhiguo Zhou ARMY 09-059 Awarded: 10/28/2009
Title:	Fullerene Nanomedicine to Enhance Neuronal Adenosine Triphosphate Production Capacity
Abstract:	Cognitive performances are significantly reduced for older soldiers, due to the reduced production of the primary energy molecule of the body - adenosine triphosphate. The aging-dependent mitochondrial insufficiency is thought to play a dominating role. The development of a therapeutic drug which can enhance ATP production and improve energetic capability is crucial to maintain soldiers’ performance and extend their duty-time. The current attempts to counter mitochondrial insufficiency include frequent exercise and antioxidants, but the effects are very limited. Luna Innovations proposes to use nanomedicine technology to develop prototype compounds with stimulatory effects on neuronal ATP production. Luna has developed an extensive portfolio of fullerene nanosphere compounds which showed promises in treating aging-related diseases. Fullerene nanospheres are thought to scavenge the toxic free radicals generated in mitochondria, enhance the electron transport capacity in oxidative phosphorylation, and build a greater potential gradient across the inner membrane, efficiently driving ATP Synthase. In Phase I, Luna will develop and validate a high throughput screening assay based on the ATP-requiring luciferin-luciferase bioluminescence, and test nanosphere compounds to build a structure-activity relationship for designing and testing more compounds in Phase II.

AshRem Technologies 500 E. Santa Anita Ave. #C Burbank, CA 91501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 845-5820 Ashitosh Swarup ARMY 09-063 Awarded: 12/8/2009
Title:	Chaos-Based Satellite Digital Communication System
Abstract:	This proposal presents a methodology to develop a next-generation digital communication system that uses chaotic signals. The use of chaotic signals in digital communication systems offers several advantages. First, the noise-like properties of chaotic signals, both in their time- and frequency-domain representations, prevent them from being easily detected, giving greater immunity from eavesdropping and interception compared to spread-spectrum communication systems that use binary spreading sequences. Second, an infinite number of chaotic spreading waveforms can be generated, each with strong autocorrelation properties and weak cross-correlation properties; hence, a theoretically infinite number of users can be supported on a particular band, with minimum interference from other channels. Third, chaotic signals possess the salient features of broadband communication systems such as multipath mitigation and resistance to jamming. The proposed Phase I effort aims to analyze the feasibility of using chaotic signals in satellite digital communication systems through a software simulation approach. Three modulation/demodulation schemes will be programmed in MATLAB. Their performance will be evaluated under different criteria such as signal-to-noise ratio and the presence of jamming. These systems allow a straightforward hardware implementation for commercialization purposes; the hardware design steps are outlined as part of the proposed Phase I Option effort.

Torrey Pines Technologies Group, Inc. 12225 World Trade Drive, Suite P San Diego, CA 92128
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 676-0749 Phil Biggs ARMY 09-063 Awarded: 12/8/2009
Title:	Chaotic Modulation for Satellite Communications (S
Abstract:	A new approach to satellite communications (SATCOM) can be realized by use of chaotic modulation methods. Covert SATCOM signals are a growing area of interest. Low probability of detection and interception (LPI/LPD) are becoming critically important for SATCOM operation in unfriendly territory. New research has identified chaotic modulation techniques as having great promise to reduce transmit spectral energy while adding to the data security of the link. One of the ways to improve LPI/LPD is to use chaotically timed pulse sequences. Called Chaotic Pulse Position Modulation (CPPM), each pulse has an identical shape but the time delay between them varies chaotically. Because information in contained entirely in the timing between pulses, the distortions that affect the pulse shape will not significantly influence the ability of the chaotic pulse generators to synchronize. Therefore, chaotic synchronization can be achieved using realistic channels and at the same time bandpass filters can be used for noise reduction. Variations on CPPM are described: using CDMA applied to the pulses, chaotic amplitude decision boundaries, rate adaption techniques, and a variation on Paired Carrier Multiple Access (PCMA). Together these techniques promise to increase bandwidth, increase security, and increase the covert appearance of SATCOM signals.

Boulder Nonlinear Systems, Inc. 450 Courtney Way, Unit 107 Lafayette, CO 80026
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 604-0077 JAY STOCKLEY ARMY 09-065 Awarded: 12/8/2009
Title:	Air to Ground Free Space Optical Communication Lin
Abstract:	Boulder Nonlinear Systems proposes to use its beam control system expertise to examine the feasibility of developing a free space optical terminal for air to ground optical communication. The proposed technology will emphasize size, weight and power constraints to improve the probability of eventual deployment on platforms with low payload capabilities. During Phase I, BNS will perform a component and subsystem assessment, define a systems architecture, and demonstrate component and subsystem capabilities. A design for the free space optical communications system will be included as part of the final report.

Syntonics LLC 9160 Red Branch Road Columbia, MD 21045
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 884-0500 Steve Gemeny ARMY 09-066 Awarded: 12/3/2009
Title:	Distributed Satellite Communications (SATCOM) On-t
Abstract:	We will demonstrate the feasibility of a multi-band distributed SOTM (D-SOTM) antenna system based on the Team’s pixel-addressable reconfigurable conformal antenna (PARCA) Software-Defined Antenna™ technology. PARCA is a phased array technology that operates under software control to be pointing-agile, frequency-agile, polarization- agile, low profile, and affordable in production. PARCA tiles, notionally 4-in squares approximately 3/4-in thick in this concept, are distributed onto available vehicle surfaces such that many tiles have a field of view in all azimuths and elevations. While antenna gain is frequency dependent, gains of +34 dBic at 20 GHz up to +40 dBic at 44 GHz are practical for PARCA apertures with a projected area of approximately 144-in^2 (that is, nine 4-in square tiles) in the direction of the satellite. In one concept, all analog signal processing (e.g., up/down frequency conversion, I/Q modulation/demodulation, amplification) is contained in each tile; the signal connection to/from each tile from the central processing unit is digital, probably using optical fiber to mitigate EMI/EMC issues and reduce weight.

Toyon Research Corp. 6800 Cortona Drive Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Ryan N. Strader ARMY 09-066 Awarded: 12/29/2009
Title:	Distributed Satellite Communications (SATCOM) On-t
Abstract:	Toyon Research Corporation proposes to develop an electrically reconfigurable SATCOM On-the-Move (OTM) distributed-aperture communications system for use over the DoD Wideband Global System at X- and K/Ka-bands. The system will incorporate: 1) Toyon’s Electrically Reconfigurable Endfire Planar Phased Array antenna design (recently validated under Army CECOM SBIR II contract no: W15P7T-06-C-P248), and 2) Toyon’s Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) DSP-based signal distribution and combining architecture. Toyon’s unique reconfigurable antenna technology allows the beam from each aperture to be steered down to 70-degrees off boresight, a significant improvement over traditional flat panel arrays. Toyon’s proposed design is scalable in both element count and frequency, and is less than 3” high. Each antenna system will contain several apertures, coordinated by a central node using Toyon’s MIMO signal distribution and combining architecture. The system will adjust for hard- and soft-blockage challenges, differences in the physical mounting planes between apertures, and signal losses due to fading. All beam steering will be performed electrically without the use of mechanical steering, and the required beam-steering controllers will use a GPS-linked Inertial Navigation Unit (INU).

Luna Innovations Incorporated 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 220-2503 Christy Vestal ARMY 09-068 Awarded: 12/21/2009
Title:	Novel Materials and Designs for Low Cost, High Per
Abstract:	The use of conformal and embedded antennas can significantly reduce the visibility of communications antennas and improve aerodynamic performance for a number of ground and airborne platforms including Humvees, Mine Resistance Ambush Protected (MRAP) vehicles, and Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs). Despite these advantages, the largest limitation for conventional conformal and embedded antennas is the tradeoff between reducing the profile of the antenna and maintaining antenna performance. To overcome these challenges, Luna Innovations has been developing specially engineered materials as the antenna substrate. The Phase I effort will focus on design and modeling of a novel antenna that fully leverages the electromagnetic material properties of the substrate. Luna has teamed with a leader in the field of antenna development to optimize and integrate the novel materials technology with a cutting edge antenna design. In the Phase I program the antenna will be designed and modeled and a prototype antenna will be fabricated and characterized. The program will leverage a low cost, high throughput technology to rapidly prototype and produce the antennas.

SI2 Technologies 267 Boston Road North Billerica, MA 1862
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 495-5300 Patanjali Parimi ARMY 09-068 Awarded: 12/22/2009
Title:	Ultra Wideband Conformal Printable Metamaterial An
Abstract:	SI2 Technologies, Inc. (SI2) proposes an innovative solution to the Army’s need for a conformal printable antenna system to support a communication relay radio for HMMWVs, small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles such as the Shadow 200, and soldier jackets and/or helmets. Our innovation is based on a novel wideband electromagnetic band gap (EBG) metamaterial design that allows us to obtain a low profile, broadband antenna element that operates in the VHF-UHF range and also apply our Direct Write technique for printing the antenna on a doubly curved surface. During Phase I, the metamaterial printable antenna concept will be refined using high fidelity numerical modeling and simulation tools. The performance of the antenna will be simulated, including platform effects, and validated through the manufacture and testing of a hardware demonstrator. A full scale prototype will be fabricated in the follow-on Phase II program. The prototype will be tested on a representative platform structure to demonstrate the antenna’s wideband performance capabilities, its flexibility, and its ability to adhere to the skin of HMMWV, Shadow 200 UAV and soldier helmets/jackets.

Omni Sciences, Inc. 647 Spring Valley Drive Ann Arbor, MI 48105
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 420-0190 Michael J. Freeman ARMY 09-069 Awarded: 11/10/2009
Title:	High Efficiency Multi-band Mid-Infrared Superconti
Abstract:	Fixed and rotary winged aircraft require directed infrared counter-measures (DIRCM) systems to self-protect against heat seeking missiles, and the multi-spectral light source used in DIRCM is a key enabling technology and differentiator. A super-continuum (SC) laser is an attractive candidate for the DIRCM light source, but to be efficacious the SC must be capable of being modulated with jamming codes, the wall-plug efficiency of the SC generation must be improved, and the power in each of the DIRCM wavelength bands must be increased. Omni Sciences, Inc. (OSI) has developed a Mid-Infrared Super- continuum Laser (MIRSCL) using fibers and telecom components and that generates broadband, super-continuum covering simultaneously the wavelength range from ~0.8 to ~4.3 microns. To meet the Army DIRCM requirements, the MIRSCL will be modulated to support jamming codes with 25% duty cycle, and the electrical power consumption and heat dissipation will be reduced by modulating the power amplifier pump lasers. In addition, the MIRSCL wall-plug efficiency can be increased by a factor of 2-3X by using a thulium-doped power amplifier to replace the current erbium/ytterbium fiber amplifier. The SC power will be increased and optimized for Band IV–A (3.8-4.3 microns) by using a high-NA ZBLAN fluoride fiber.

Emitech, Inc 150 Harvard St. Fall River, MA 2720
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 324-0758 I. A. Levitsky ARMY 09-070 Awarded: 12/23/2009
Title:	Portable Stand-off Detection of IEDs Based on Fluo
Abstract:	We propose to study and develop a novel, highly sensitive and selective optochemical portable detection system for stand-off detection (more than 300 m) of IED hazard. In Phase-I, the feasibility of the concept will be demonstrated at a distance of 150 m for major nitro-explosives (TNT, RDX, PETN) deposited on the surface with concentration ~ ng/mm2. The two main transduction mechanisms will be tested: polymer fluorescence quenching and spectral shift of resonance peak of nanoporous Si microcavity infiltrated with imprinted silica. The unique nanodevice structure provides a large surface area between the sensory material and the analytes leading to the highest sensitivity, which is critical for fast detection (response time is about several seconds) of low vapor pressure explosives. Stand-off sensing will be provided by ballistic delivery in conjunction with laser excitation/interrogation followed by the signal processing. The proposed technology is highly innovative and promising for future developments. We have demonstrated some of the key issues for its implementation, thus the successful completion of Phase-I is highly possible. In Phase-II, the developed prototype will be capable of detecting IEDs from the stand-odd distance of more than 300 meters in the presence of common operational interferences.

Systems & Processes Engineering Corporation (SPEC) 6800 Burleson Road Building 320 Austin, TX 78744
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 479-7732 Bradley Sallee ARMY 09-070 Awarded: 11/13/2009
Title:	Explosive Detection System
Abstract:	Systems & Processes Engineering Corporation (SPEC) proposes a man portable explosive hazard detection system composed of 3 subsystems: a miniature class 1 eye-safe LADAR adapted to provide explosive detection and classification through the use of Raman scattering spectroscopy; a 35GHz staring radar with primary and third harmonic cross section measurement capability; and a cell phone detection and jamming set. The group of devices allows detection and classification of explosive residue, detection of metals and metal or electronic assemblies, and the detection and jamming of cell phone triggers. Key to this system is integration into a hand held device which interfaces to a tough book or equivalent computer, allowing it to be carried and operated by dismount troops. The LADAR is an adaptation of the SPEC family of miniature 32 channel scanning LADARs. One channel will receive the transmit wavelength for ranging and 3D imaging, and the other 31 channels are tuned to Stokes backscatter spectral lines of explosives of interest. The fiber DWDM receiver structure allows 0.175nm receive bands with temperature stability of 5% of band over wide 165F to -65F operating band. The LADAR achieves 8/1 signal to noise ratio on single photon detects, allowing near theoretical receiver performance.

FIRST RF CORPORATION 4865 Sterling Drive Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 449-5211 Farzin Lalezari ARMY 09-071 Awarded: 12/22/2009
Title:	Window Mounted UHF Antenna System
Abstract:	Through this program FIRST RF plans to develop an innovative UHF window mounted antenna to be installed on the interior window of a fixed or rotary wing aircraft. The installation requires no modifications to the interior of the vehicle. The proposed design leverages a FIRST RF L-Band window mounted antenna that has been flown for the National Center for Atmospheric Research. The antenna uses multiple high strength vacuum suction cups that can be actuated by hand. The proposed technology also addresses human safety considerations by minimizing back lobe radiation. The antenna achieves high gain and is capable of handling high power requirements. It is light weight, simple, producible, and very easy to install. The installation time for this antenna is under 20 minutes.

Pharad LLC 797 Cromwell Park Drive, Suite V Glen Burnie, MD 21061
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 590-3333 Rod Waterhouse ARMY 09-071 Awarded: 12/3/2009
Title:	Window Mounted UHF Antenna System
Abstract:	In this Phase I effort Pharad will build on its extensive experience developing high performance conformal flexible antenna technologies to create a window mounted UHF antenna system for MRFT (Miniaturized RF Tag) applications in Rotary and Fixed Wing Aircraft. In Phase I we will investigate a variety of conformal antenna configurations utilizing different innovative approaches. The antenna assembly will be flexible and can be adhered to a variety of planar and non planar glass surfaces. We will evaluate the various UHF antenna configurations with the objective of creating the solution that gives the best performance. We will use full-wave electromagnetic simulation tools in this evaluation and include part of the airframe surrounding the window in the simulations. During Phase I we will also investigate suitable flexible materials and adhesives that will enable our UHF antenna to be conformal and fit-to-form and therefore easily attached to the aircraft window. Once the optimal antenna design has been finalized, we will fabricate a proof-of-concept prototype of the antenna and measure its RF performance. In our Phase I Option activity we will carry out experimental and theoretical studies to verify the safety of the proposed UHF window mounted antenna.

Helios Remote Sensing Systems, Inc. 101 Bleecker Street Utica, NY 13501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(315) 732-0101 Walter E. Szczepanski ARMY 09-073 Awarded: 11/24/2009
Title:	Clutter Mitigation Techniques for Ground-Based, Gr
Abstract:	Helios Remote Sensing Systems and SRC, Inc. will investigate and validate innovative clutter mitigation techniques for clutter as seen from a radar sensor located near the Earth’s surface. The new techniques will operate effectively in highly non-Gaussian, variable, multifaceted, relatively intractable clutter. Radar operation for dismount detection ranges of 200 meters to 3 km from as low as 0.1 meter to 2 meters from the earth’s surface is of prime concern. Normalized Parametric Adaptive Matched Filter techniques will be investigated for application to multi-channel applications while Linear Predict Error Filter techniques will be investigated for single channel radar applications. These techniques, augmented with data-derived knowledge-aided processing and multiple pass processing, promise to significantly improve clutter suppression and significantly enhance detection of dismounts in severely non-homogeneous clutter environments. Micro- Doppler techniques adapted from previous sense-through-the-wall radar detection and imaging efforts will provide enhancement of target detection and classification. Two maximum likelihood azimuth angle estimators that are compatible with advanced space- time adaptive processing will be investigated to provide enhanced location accuracy. These proposed enhancements of the detection, classification and location of enemy combatants from either unmanned ground vehicles or from stationary positions will provide improved situational awareness to the warfighter.

Propagation Research Associates 1275 Kennestone Circle Suite 100 Marietta, GA 30066
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(678) 384-3413 James Stagliano ARMY 09-073 Awarded: 11/23/2009
Title:	Clutter Mitigation Techniques for Ground-Based, Gr
Abstract:	Propagation Research Associates, Inc., (PRA) proposes to develop a basic suite of algorithms that will mitigate clutter for ground based radars detecting ground moving targets. PRA will utilize data collected by the Army Research Laboratory Compact Radar (ARL-CR) to design and analyze clutter mitigation algorithms. PRA will develop algorithms that utilize signal statistics in a rule-based algorithm to distinguish between clutter and target returns. The PRA algorithm approach will essentially identify salient statistical features that separate targets from clutter and a functional methodology that implements these features. In Phase I, PRA proposes to develop a feature space for identifying clutter using the statistical measures from which rules are generated for Bayesian or rule-based classification schemes. In particular, PRA will focus upon the urban, suburban, and roadway tunnel structured clutter regimes rather than the classical statistical (foliage) clutter scenarios. In Phase I Option, PRA will develop test plans for Phase II and recommend any required signal processor upgrades necessary to implement and assess the Phase I algorithms. In Phase II, the Phase I both structured and statistical clutter mitigation algorithms will be implemented in the ARL-CR and radar tests will be conducted that demonstrate clutter/target identification and mitigation.

MaXentric Technologies LLC 2071 Lemoine Avenue Suite 302 Fort Lee, NJ 7024
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 272-8800 Houman Ghajari ARMY 09-074 Awarded: 12/17/2009
Title:	High Efficiency, Highly Linear, Solid-State Power
Abstract:	High power jammer systems are widely used in today’s electronic warfare, such as CREW, WARLOCK, Rubicons II. To paralyze enemy’s communication completely, the high power jammer system should block the frequency range from MHz up to GHz, with high efficiency high linear power amplifiers. The “Extremely Broadband Power Amplifier (EBPA)” covers frequency ranges from HF to C-band, making it an excellent candidate for jammer applications, The EBPA uses broadband high power MMICs, developed by Rockwell Collins, a team member. Broadband MMICs using wide bandgap devices, capable of provide 10W at HF to more than 30 W at C-band, a broadband amplifier covering frequencies from HF to C-band will be designed. The devices will be configured in a balanced push-pull configuration to achieve great VSWR handling ,and excellent 2nd harmonic suppression of greater than 40 dBc. When combined using our novel broadband combiner techniques, power levels of 150W with efficiency values greater than 40% is expected. In our efforts, the power combining will be split into three frequency divisions: HF to UHF, UHF, and L-band to C-band. For frequency ranges from HF through UHF, ferrite loaded coaxial combining techniques will be utilized.

Trident Systems Inc. 10201 Fairfax Boulevard Suite 300 Fairfax, VA 22030
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 267-2306 Jim Hopkins ARMY 09-074 Awarded: 11/10/2009
Title:	High Efficiency, Highly Linear, Solid-State Power
Abstract:	Achieving a high power, high linearity, high efficiency, solid state power amplifier across a wide bandwidth is a very difficult design task. These amplifiers are critical in military applications, which typically also involve tough environmental conditions and challenging reliability requirements. Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) has long been the conventional technology for power amplifiers; however, with the advent of Gallium Nitride (GaN) technology, addressing these competing design goals is becoming more feasible, if the power output of such an amplifier can be made linear over a broad range of frequencies. This effort investigates and designs several Push-Pull amplifiers coupled with Linearizers to achieve full coverage over an HF to 6 GHz bandwidth. Application of recent experience in both military power amplifiers as well as linearization techniques will provide a rugged, flexible, and extremely reliable solution. To achieve demanding bandwidth requirements, impedance matching will receive careful attention; and to achieve =this effort will use linearizers that consider both the 2nd and 3rd order distortion terms to achieve the wide bandwidths.

Toyon Research Corp. 6800 Cortona Drive Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Robert M. Wilkerson ARMY 09-075 Awarded: 12/22/2009
Title:	Advanced Algorithms and Architecture for Multimoda
Abstract:	Identity management (IdM) problems arise in many applications, but the accuracy and reliability of IdM technologies in the military and homeland security domains are of the utmost importance. Numerous technologies exist to exploit biometrics for IdM, but such technologies are limited in the number of features they exploit and in their robustness to data issues such as missing, overlapping or spoofed data. Toyon proposes to research and develop an architecture and associated algorithms for multimodal biometric and contextual data fusion across multiple data repositories in a network centric environment. Toyon’s proposed approach provides automated repository searching and identity estimation in a feedback control architecture. The automated search capability will be tightly coupled with the identity estimation algorithms to optimize the collection of data available to identify the person of interest (POI). Toyon will develop and employ a Bayesian Network algorithm for identity estimation along with techniques to automatically detect and rectify data inconsistencies such as identity spoofing and unintentional data entry errors. The overall architecture and algorithms will be flexible to the number and heterogeneity of the available data repositories thereby enabling an enterprise-level solution.

Ultra-Scan Corporation 4240 Ridge Lea Road Amherst, NY 14226
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(716) 832-6269 John K. Schneider ARMY 09-075 Awarded: 9/16/2009
Title:	Applying Advances in Biometric Fusion to Contextua
Abstract:	The use of contextual information is often a weak, error prone and labor intensive method of identifying and tracking Persons of Interest. Using the Neyman-Pearson Lemma, Ultra- Scan will fuse large numbers of historically weak contextual data fields to create accurate, high value identity information. The technical objective is to identify independent or weakly correlated contextual fields that can be treated as a score-based recognition system suitable for the Neyman Pearson Test, and which can then be used to significantly improve overall identification system performance. Phase I will research a large number of contextual personal identifiers that create an accurate form of personal identification when fused. The effort will create an ideal platform from which to implement a series of steps involving analysis, data modeling, estimation and software simulation to establish with mathematical certainty the ability to fuse large number of contextual fields to create a reliable form of identification.

Intelligent Automation, Inc. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5273 Wendy Nicholas ARMY 09-076 Awarded: 12/21/2009
Title:	Miniature RF Communications Device
Abstract:	ARMY 09-076 Forward HUMINT (Human Intelligence) Automatic Collection The DOD has initiated the Distributed Common Ground/Surfaces System (DCGS) framework to develop a common, interoperable system to simplify processing of Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance data. This effort supports commanders and soldiers with a cohesive communications network. The capability of exchanging digitized data between forward Human Intelligence collectors and Brigade centers will provide information in minutes that currently takes weeks. Some key Army requirements are not being met with existing RF communications devices. A low weight, low power, credit card size device with two- way communication in DCGS-A data format, weighing less than 5 pounds, with a maximum surface area of 3.3”x 2”, using less than 2W of power to transmit, with receiver with sensitivity better than -95 dBm, and including storage and processing for voice data and automated Human Intelligence data is required. Additionally, it will need to use commercially available batteries and transmit and receive up to 15 km. IAI intends to thoroughly investigate existing radio platforms to develop the most power efficient and reliable RF radio. IAI will borrow technology developed for its ongoing Phase I DARPA contract, which includes a portable medical recorder with a front end that includes noise cancellation in both hardware and software.

Li Creative Technologies 25 B Hanover Road, Suite 140 Florham Park, NJ 7932
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(973) 822-0377 Uday Jain ARMY 09-076 Awarded: 10/30/2009
Title:	Forward HUMINT (Human Intelligence) Automatic Col
Abstract:	The purpose of this proposal is to present a novel and promising solution for an small-size physical device to convert voice to digital and provide 2-way communication for HUMINT assets. The device consists of multiple modules, for speech capture, text generation, formatting and display and for 2-way spread-spectrum communication of the messages. This company has developed similar products for military applications. The proposed device is based on our experiences in similar product design and utilizes our successful algorithms and previous research results. Research during the Phase I will be focused on risk assessment and minimization through improving signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in military noisy environments, increasing user-friendliness (through better recognition speed and accuracy), and extending battery life while meeting Army’s communication needs. At the end of Phase I, all modules will be designed and evaluated. Also, a preliminary design will be finished and all major components for the device will be selected. The Phase II deliverable will be a high-quality, device that will meet all the military requirements and is ready to be manufactured.

Architecture Technology Corporation 9977 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 829-5864 Maher N. Kaddoura ARMY 09-077 Awarded: 12/10/2009
Title:	Efficient Domain Name Server Protection Techniques
Abstract:	The Domain Name Server (DNS) is a distributed database that provides name resolution between domain names and IP addresses. The DNS Infrastructure is vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, which can result in catastrophic consequences for the both military and civilian users of the Internet. Currently, patching the DNS server and DNS security extensions (DNSSEC) are the only methods available for securing the DNS Infrastructure against DoS attacks. However, patching and DNSSEC only provide protection against a limited set of attacks that target the DNS infrastructure. Comprehensive protection of the DNS infrastructure requires a set of countermeasure techniques that can cover a wide range of possible attacks. These countermeasure techniques should complement each other and work with each other to provide total protection to the DNS infrastructure. To address this issue, Architecture Technology Corporation (ATC) proposes to design and implement DNSsentinel, a set of innovative DoS countermeasure techniques for protecting the DNS Infrastructure. DNSsentinel can be easily integrated into military and civilian networks. It can be deployed without making changes to the DNS Infrastructure and it utilizes existing network protocols.

MP Technologies, LLC 1801 Maple Avenue Evanston, IL 60201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 491-7208 Ryan McClintock ARMY 09-080 Awarded: 12/8/2009
Title:	Planar Engineering for Type-II Superlattices (PETS
Abstract:	Type II InAs/GaSb strained layer superlattices (SLS) represent the most promising material system capable of delivering more producible, large-format MWIR and LWIR focal plane arrays (FPAs). Type-II SLS currently achieve performance comparable to that of existing mercury-cadmium-telluride (MCT) based FPAs. However, no viable planar processing techniques have been demonstrated for Type-II ¡V they currently rely on mesa isolated diodes. These mesas require etching, cleaning, and passivation, which complicate the processing of Type-II SLS and can decrease the yield and reliability. As such it is desirable to pursue a planar processing technique that is compatible with Type-II superlattices. In this proposal we present a novel planar design compatible with Type-II design called Planar Engineering for Type-II Superlatices (PETS). PETS consists of a reduced area p-type GaSb layer that is fabricated via selective area re-growth in a trench in a ƒÞ-type (lightly n-type) absorbing layer. This eliminates the need to passivate the devices and simplifies the processing, and thus can be expected to increase the yield and reliability leading to a more producible FPA. In addition PETS allows for a reduced junction area while maintaining the optical area of the device. This will reduce the dark current and lead to higher signal to noise ratios.

Physical Optics Corporation Photonic Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Alexander Milovanov ARMY 09-081 Awarded: 12/4/2009
Title:	Combined Multi-Biometric Service System
Abstract:	To address the PEO Enterprise Information Systems need for a solution that provides real- time secure Identity Management of Biometric Data across the Global Information Grid (GIG), Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Combined Multi- BIOmetric Service (CMBIOS) system. The proposed system is based on unique integration of biometric technologies with CMBIOS service-oriented architecture framework, platform-independent client software, and a hypercompression technique to transfer large files over low-bandwidth communication links, which will enable the system to share biometric data across the GIG in real time. As a result, CMBIOS allows the warfighter to capture, disseminate, and exploit biometric data in real time, and communicate at the lower tactical level as reliably as at the strategic level. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate feasibility of CMBIOS by assembling and testing a proof-of-concept prototype, and determine a logical data model and compression scheme to transfer large files through low-bandwidth links. We will prepare and deliver system design specifications of the approach to be used in Phase II for development of the prototype system. In Phase II, POC plans to develop a technology readiness level (TRL) 4-5 CMBIOS that will be ready for initial testing for potential transition to related programs.

Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. 575 McCorkle Blvd. Westerville, OH 43082
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(614) 891-2243 Philip R. Swinehart ARMY 09-082 Awarded: 11/25/2009
Title:	High Resistivity VOx for Continuous Bias Read-outs
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I proposal addresses improvements in the sensitivity and signal to noise ratio in uncooled infrared imaging sensors based on vanadium oxides. A novel, spin-on process for the deposition of metal oxides will be used to produce higher resistivity and temperature coefficient of resistance than other processes now produce. This will increase the sensitivity to higher than 2% of resistivity/(degree C) and the sheet resistance to higher than 10Mohm per square. This will allow continuous bias read out and smaller pixel sizes.

nBn Technologies 136 Wilshire Rd Rochester, NY 14618
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 355-5556 Shimon Miamon ARMY 09-083 Awarded: 12/14/2009
Title:	Develop High Operating Temperature Infrared Detect
Abstract:	Next generation midwave infrared (MWIR) (3 to 5 micron) FPA’s will need to be able to operate at temperatures exceeding 170K with similar performance to InSb FPA’s. The advantages of the increased operating temperature include; reduced power consumption to under 1W, extended the camera operating time between servicing to over 10 years, and reduces the FPA cooling time to less than 30 seconds. One of the most promising new technologies is based on a novel concept called the nBn. The nBn design essentially eliminates Shockley-Read-Hall generation currents and is a diffusion limited device. The result is greatly reduced dark current and noise, compared to other midwave infrared detectors, such as p-n photodiodes. In addition, the nBn devices are passivation free which results in excellent uniformity and operability. This makes nBn ideally suited for FPAs and subsequently low power MWIR camera systems.

QmagiQ, LLC 22 Cotton Road Unit H, Suite 180 Nashua, NH 3063
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 821-3092 Mani Sundaram ARMY 09-083 Awarded: 12/10/2009
Title:	High Operating Temperature Midwave Infrared Focal
Abstract:	We propose to achieve a high operating temperature midwave infrared focal plane array with a novel version of a InAs/GaSb superlattice photodiode. In Phase I, we will grow, fabricate, and measure test devices to determine the maximum temperature the sensor can operate at with reasonable performance when mated with a conventional readout multiplexer. In the Phase 1 Option, we will fabricate and test the performance of a 320x256 focal plane array (FPA). In Phase II, we will maximize operating temperature and pixel operability, package some FPAs in compact TE-cooled packages, and characterize camera performance. A sample camera will be delivered to the DOD.

Intelligent Automation, Inc. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5209 Julia (Hongmei) Deng ARMY 09-085 Awarded: 12/9/2009
Title:	Proactive and Adaptive Reconfiguration for Reliabl
Abstract:	In this proposal, Intelligent Automation Inc. (IAI) proposes an innovative Proactive and Adaptive Cross-layer Reconfiguration (PACR) scheme for Reliable Communication in Tactical Networks. The PACR scheme allows the system to adaptively reconfigure its operating parameters in the corresponding layers through proactive prediction, root- cause identification, and cross-layer negotiations. In current wireless networks, the failure occurred in one of the involved layers (e.g., link break at PHY) results in a connection termination; and consequently another connection establishment process has to go through all the layers for a new connection. This process is time-consuming and usually results in an extra latency and resource unavailability within the transition region, which in turn leads to inefficient bandwidth usage and a poor user experience. Moreover, the root cause of connection termination is typical hidden, and not utilized for the repair or reestablishment. The objective of the proposed PACR scheme is to develop an efficient cross-layer negotiation approach to enable proactive and adaptive system reconfiguration, with the final goal of providing users continuous, uninterrupted service without substantial performance degradation, despite various failures may occur frequently in volatile networks.

Lynntech, Inc. 7610 Eastmark Drive College Station, TX 77840
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(979) 693-0017 Sandra Withers-Kirby ARMY 09-086 Awarded: 10/23/2009
Title:	Standardized Refillable Fuel Cartridge for Direct Liquid Fuel Cells
Abstract:	The DoD has acquired many unique and complicated direct methanol systems through its SBIR funding as well as through partnerships with larger manufacturing companies. The delivery of these unique DMFC systems to the Department of Defense presents a significant problem in that each developer’s system incorporates its own complex and sometimes proprietary fuel container. This inter-compatibility issue would necessitate the transport and delivery of a countless variety of fuel cartridges, creating a massive logistics burden. Furthermore, many of the received containers are not refillable (one- time-use). Clearly, a need to conform and improve these fuel cartridges is apparent. The proposed fuel cartridge incorporates mechanically strong, acid and base tolerant materials to ensure safe operation in extreme environments while still being cost- effective. Utilizing quick-connecting double shutoff valves, the cartridge can easily and safely be attached and detached for refilling. The cartridge can be recharged with fuel using a bulk refilling process that minimizes spills and connects to any standard fuel drum pump. Mechanical and electrical connections to the DMFC system of choice provide unrestricted fuel flow and access to integrated electronic devices such as fuel level sensors and meters.

Physical Optics Corporation Photonic Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Kang Lee ARMY 09-086 Awarded: 1/6/2010
Title:	Standardized Ultraportable Rugged Fuel-Cell Automa
Abstract:	To address the Army’s need for a refillable liquid fuel cartridge for portable fuel cell systems, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop new Standardized Ultraportable Rugged Fuel-cell Automated Carrier Equipment (SURFACE) based on our proven (and patented) ruggedized blind mating connector technology for safe and efficient liquid fuel transfer from a novel, gravity-insensitive storage cartridge. The innovation of our quick connect interface and orientation-independent cartridge can accommodate fuel transfer to a body-worn power cell as well as refilling (in a multiple unit configuration) from a large storage vessel such as a 55 gallon drum. As a result, SURFACE can help the U.S. Army adopt a single fuel policy for dismounted soldiers, thereby simplifying the logistic pipeline for more efficient and rapid troop mobilization. In Phase I, POC plans to fabricate a representative prototype that can be interfaced with a variety of commercially available fuel cell systems, demonstrating safe and effective fuel transfer. In Phase II POC will optimize the SURFACE architecture for reliable mass production and universal compatibility via low-cost adaptor couplings.

UltraCell Corp. 399 Lindbergh Avenue Livermore, CA 94551
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 321-5732 Ian Kaye ARMY 09-086 Awarded: 12/14/2009
Title:	Compact, Lightweight Intelligent Cartridge for Int
Abstract:	A a unified common fueling system is required in order to reap the benefits of reduced logistics and increased energy density promised by MFC’s. In this project, and working with Protonex, Smart Fuel Cell and IdaTech, we propose to create a Compact, Lightweight Intelligent Cartridge for Interoperable fuel Transport, the CliC-it. The CliC-it will be made available to any Military MFC manufacturer by the CliC-it team. All hardware will be designed to meet IATA and Mil Std specifications.

Agent Dynamics, Inc. 300 S. Dallas Ave. Pittsburgh, PA 15208
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(412) 421-9407 Marc Graham ARMY 09-087 Awarded: 11/23/2009
Title:	ANTICO: Anytime Cognition for Effective C2 Decisio
Abstract:	The anytime-cognition SBIR effort will identify promising software architecture and algorithms for designing a human-machine system that improves distributed collaborative decision making in network centric environments. A survey of available techniques and technologies will be performed to determine the state of the art in this field and a set of qualitative and quantitative metrics will be defined to help evaluate the performance of each of these approaches. The goal of this effort will be to provide the US Army with the appropriate conceptual and technological infrastructure so as to best define and operationalize the new capability of anytime cognition.

Intelligent Automation, Inc. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5278 Wei Chen ARMY 09-087 Awarded: 10/15/2009
Title:	ACT-NOW: An Agent Based Framework of Anytime Cognition Technologies in Networked Operational Warfare/Environments
Abstract:	The core issue within Network Centric Environments is that the volume of information and the pace of action threaten to overwhelm human decision makings negating the NCO’s advantages for mission effectiveness. In order to address this problem, we present the innovation of an agent based software framework of Anytime Cognition Technologies in the Networked Operational Warfare / Environment, in short, ACT-NOW. The ACT-NOW solution includes: (1) an accurate understanding of the solicitation and the identification of practical scenarios and the associated technical challenges, (2) an integrated ACT-NOW architecture that employs various inter-connected constituent components and helps the human user understand the data and make timely decisions, (3) an investigation of the crosscutting technologies for the underlying algorithms, the information flow and control flow, and the communication interfaces and protocols of the constituent components, (4) a special effort in the anytime cognitive aspect of the human decision making, and finally (5) a design and proof of concept of the ACT-NOW software in reasonable simulations/experiments with suitable performance criteria and metrics. We will also explore the connection of the ACT-NOW framework with Army’s existing technologies/programs to achieve openness, generality and interoperability.

Physical Optics Corporation Photonic Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Kevin Degrood ARMY 09-088 Awarded: 12/8/2009
Title:	Context-Intensive Software Toolkit for Data Abstra
Abstract:	To address the Army’s need for generalized, context-based data abstraction systems, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Context-Intensive Software Toolkit for Data Abstraction (CISTDA). This proposed technology is based on the definition and implementation of a context component as a separate object. The innovation in a hierarchical modeling perspective that encapsulates, context, data, real- world entities, and the overall application itself as software objects will enable the CISTDA system to define data, define contexts, and provide continuous data abstraction models that reduce human cognitive burdens without negative impact on mission success. As a result, this technology offers a generalized software toolset that produces abstract models based on descriptions of the input and output data and the models’ usage contexts, which directly addresses the Army requirements of reducing the amount of data required to successfully perform a given task. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of CISTDA by developing and debugging prototype software that will be used to exhibit the procedures and user operations involved in creating an information logistics application. In Phase II, POC plans to develop and demonstrate an enhanced software toolkit that meets specific CONOPS requirements.

SiOnyx Inc. 100 Cummings Center Suite 243F Beverly, MA 1915
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 922-0684 Martin Pralle ARMY 09-089 Awarded: 12/23/2009
Title:	Innovative Silicon Imager for Head-Mounted Night V
Abstract:	SiOnyx proposes a groundbreaking silicon based detector that has the potential to displace multiple imaging technologies by imparting enhance responsivity performance to silicon and extending its spectral sensitivity into the infrared. This program will validate this technology by developing point detectors packaged in industry standard electronic packages. Early investigations of Black Silicon have shown responsivities in excess of 100 A/W, two orders of magnitude better than other known methods (silicon PINs, Ge, InGaAs) in the visible and near IR at room temperature. Furthermore, Black Silicon has demonstrated sensitivity from 400-1300 nm with low level sensitivity out to 1550nm. As part of this program we will develop metal contact strategies electronic packaging schemes that deliver this remarkable performance in a discrete photodetector device.

Energy Concepts Co., LLC 627 Ridgely Ave. Annapolis, MD 21401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 266-6521 Donald Erickson ARMY 09-090 Awarded: 9/10/2009
Title:	Light Weight 1.5 Ton AARU
Abstract:	It is proposed to improve the logistics of providing utilities (electricity and chilling) to battlefield military units. The goal is to provide 30% savings in fuel, generator capacity, and system weight for meeting a representative demand of a forward operating unit. The key savings are from using generator waste heat to supply part or all of the heat demand of a heat-actuated cooling system (HACS). The ammonia absorption refrigeration units (AARU) developed by Energy Concepts Co. have demonstrated all the required HACS operating characteristics except the low weight. That is to be achieved in this project by applying state-of-art microchannel heat exchange technology to key AARU components.

Rocky Research 1598 Foothill Dr PO Box 61800 Boulder City, NV 89006
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(702) 293-0851 Kaveh Khalili ARMY 09-090 Awarded: 12/23/2009
Title:	Heat Actuated Cooling System
Abstract:	In this Phase I effort Rocky Research proposes a novel heat actuated cooling technology capable of providing air-conditioning and heating at high and low ambient temperatures. The solid-gas absorption technology is based on highly efficient complex compound technology employing variable capacity operation with pulsing refrigerant flow control as well as novel pressure actuated internal heat recovery. The deployment of the proposed system will result in improved energy efficiency, leading to a significant overall reduction in fuel consumption.

Radiance Technologies Inc. 350 Wynn Drive Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 431-8500 Enrique A. Medina ARMY 09-092 Awarded: 12/8/2009
Title:	50- 100 Watt Wind Energy Harvesting in Light Tacti
Abstract:	Radiance Technologies, a small business with extensive experience in providing solutions to the U.S. military, proposes to develop and commercialize a wind turbine system (WTS) that generates 100W at 12mph winds for mobile tactical applications. Radiance’s WTS will be able to be deployed for wind power extraction or stowed to a small fraction of the deployed volume inside a rigid, vehicle mounted enclosure, in less than one minute. The WTS will be lightweight and compact, yet robust enough to withstand significant physical and environmental abuse. To optimally design the WTS, Radiance will utilize turbine rotor models based on multi-streamtube theory, innovative deploy/stow concepts, mechanical and electrical design software, multi-objective Genetic Algorithm design optimization, and state-of-the-art power electronics for achieving maximum power point tracking control in variable wind speeds. Phase I will result in a proof of concept WTS, fully tested for performance in a wind tunnel. The Phase I Option will accomplish HMMWV vehicle- mounted validation of the proof of concept. Success in Phase I will prepare Radiance for Phase II refined WTS design, prototype manufacturing, and validation of life cycle performance, and Phase III full manufacturing and commercialization of the WTS and related products to military, industrial, and retail customers.

Architecture Technology Corporation 9977 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 829-5864 Benjamin L. Burnett ARMY 09-093 Awarded: 12/4/2009
Title:	Database Wiki with Interactive Query Integration (
Abstract:	Warfighters need real-time intelligence information that supports their missions. However, this intelligence is not readily available from a single source. Intelligence data queries can give incomplete results when users are not sure how to “ask” in the best way, they cannot query for information they do not know, or experience has not taught them is important yet. DWIQI (Database Wiki with Interactive Query Integration) is a new database system that contains multimedia data, metadata, tags and cross references. DWIQI has an interactive query system capable of working with a user to refine, adjust and adapt a query to give better results. The DWIQI system creates a database that can store, retrieve and search any data in any format (text, images, video, etc.). DWIQI can then process and parse this data to determine its meaning and context using an extendable agent framework.

DECISIVE ANALYTICS Corporation 1235 South Clark Street Suite 400 Arlington, VA 22202
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 414-5009 Peter David ARMY 09-093 Awarded: 12/22/2009
Title:	Metadata Databases
Abstract:	Technology to aid in the understanding of intelligence data has not kept pace with the technology used to generate and store the data. This imbalance has led to a situation where the time required for an analyst to understand the content of a data set and mine the relevant information far exceeds the time available to the mission they support. The root of the problem is a mismatch between the meaning-based information needs of the Warfighter and the context and meaning insensitive nature of the current generation of analysis tools. The CONtext-Aware Representation of Knowledge (CON-ARK) system builds a context-aware, meaning-based representation of the intelligence data and uses a variety of algorithms to provide an interactive view into the semantic representation and to automate discovery and summarization of the data. A meaning-aware search capability provides a semantic view into the corpus, providing a game-changing information extraction capability. This capability goes far beyond simply discarding irrelevant uses of words and phrases that match a user’s search terms. DAC’s concept search tool will identify data whose meaning is relevant to the Warfighter’s interest no matter what language is used to express the ideas.

Aptima, Inc. 12 Gill Street Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 496-2425 Darby Grande ARMY 09-095 Awarded: 11/2/2009
Title:	PLANET: PLatform for ANalyzing Environmental Trade-offs
Abstract:	Environmental management of at-risk sites requires decision-makers to integrate heterogeneous technical information with stakeholder values. Current models exist to specifically address the technical or numerical environmental conditions, and separately to provide decision analysis. A comprehensive, decision-support platform is required to seamlessly integrate these many factors and estimate their impacts. We propose to develop the PLatform for ANalyzing Environmental Tradeoffs (PLANET) software system to combine rich, data-driven environmental models with dynamic forecasting models of stakeholder opinions and the multi-criteria analysis and decision-support tools necessary for rigorous consideration of environmental management decisions. The system will allow users to input data from many sources; perform analysis using the physical models required to evaluate environmental risks and anticipated outcomes of the intervention alternatives under consideration; forecast the stakeholder opinion development over time; automatically transfer all of these results for use as inputs to MCDA algorithms; and view the results and data as trade-offs and on maps of the area of interest.

Cambridge Environmental Inc. 58 Charles Street Cambridge, MA 02141
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 225-0810 Stephen G. Zemba ARMY 09-095 Awarded: 11/2/2009
Title:	Integrated Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and Geographic Information System for Environmental Management
Abstract:	Responsible management of environmental resources requires reliable environmental modeling and collaborative decision-making by stakeholders. The proposed work aims to create a decision support tool that integrates environmental models, spatial tools, and decision analysis methods to formally and transparently evaluate tradeoffs and uncertainties with regard to environmental resource management. The decision support tool will integrate various Army Corps of Engineers and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) models within a Geographic Information System (GIS) framework to provide a powerful system of models for assessing the impacts of multi-media environmental contamination over varying spatial and temporal scales with a direct linkage to a decision support module. The elements necessary to develop an integrated GIS- based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) tool for environmental management already exist individually or in partially integrated forms. A combined platform of modeling analysis and risk assessment, GIS-based data integration, and decision analysis would provide a powerful and much-needed tool to support environmental management decisions.

Frontier Technology, Inc. 75 Aero Camino, Suite A Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 927-4774 Chris Cooper ARMY 09-095 Awarded: 11/3/2009
Title:	Integrated Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and Geographic Information System for Environmental Management
Abstract:	Environmental management of military sites and as part of natural disaster recovery operations, such as with Hurricane Katrina, currently requires decision-makers to integrate information from quantitative environmental models, their own judgment, and the values of stakeholders such as the general public. In addition, an increasing emphasis on the role of Geographic Information System (GIS) in being able to visualize and analyze spatial data makes the integration of GIS data with environmental models more urgent. Environmental managers would significantly benefit from a capability to integrate quantitative environmental models with multi-criteria decision analysis and GIS data for risk management or environmental planning. Phase I will develop a proof-of-concept and hypothetical case study by leveraging open-source GIS software and decision support infrastructure initially developed for the Missile Defense Agency and Air Force strategic planning. This infrastructure will be tailored to include environmental planning decision criteria and metrics. The integration methodology will provide seamless and user-intuitive transfer of data between a GIS capability, environmental models, and a multi-criteria decision analysis capability. The Phase I proof-of-concept will be used to reduce risk and demonstrate key functionality through interaction with Army analysts. The Phase II effort will result in a prototype to evaluate Army environmental issues.

Intelligent Automation, Inc. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5214 Kaizhi Tang ARMY 09-095 Awarded: 10/26/2009
Title:	An Integrated and Extensible MCDA Tool for Environ
Abstract:	The key innovation of this proposal is to develop an integrated and extensible Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) tool with GIS integration and Web collaboration for environmental management, namely mcda-EM. Our proposed approach aims to overcome the decision making challenges of military environmental projects where inherent trade- offs between sociopolitical, environmental, ecological, and economic factors must be considered. On the other hand, the development of powerful GIS technologies calls for the seamless integration of geographic information in the decision making process. There still remain a lot of technical challenges in integrating complex GIS information when developing environmental assessment models which leads to the development of models without much embedded spatial information. Our proposed approach addresses these challenges by leveraging IAI’s advanced tools of system engineering and GIS tools as well as the use of advanced Web 2.0 technology. Our proposed approach is an integrated process diagram to integrate all the alternatives, decision criteria, atomic environmental models and multi-criteria decision models. The process diagram also integrated many existing tools and GIS servers. The Web 2.0 technology is used for collaborative decision making.

CU Aerospace 2100 South Oak St. Suite 206 Champaign, IL 61820
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(217) 333-8279 Chris Mangun ARMY 09-096 Awarded: 10/15/2009
Title:	Self-Healing, Self-Diagnosing Fiber Reinforced Multifunctional Composites
Abstract:	Multifunctional composite materials would alleviate longstanding problems in composite structures associated with multiple types of damage mechanisms such as mechanical/thermal fatigue, microcracking, and debonding. Self-healing polymers consist of a healing agent that is stored in microcapsules and released whenever cracking occurs in the polymer. The healing agent flows into the cracks and is polymerized in place, effectively sealing the cracks and allowing the material to recover structural function. Repair of damage is accomplished automatically and without human intervention, improving performance and service-life. The team of CU Aerospace (CUA) and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign will develop a self-healing resin as the matrix phase for a self-healing structural composite for a wide variety of military and commercial applications. CUA will also investigate the potential for multiple healing events and sensing techniques to monitor composite degradation.

Natural Process Design 1250 East Eighth Street Winona, MN 55987
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(507) 452-9113 Carolyn Dry ARMY 09-096 Awarded: 10/27/2009
Title:	Self Repairing and Self Sensing Multifunctional Composites
Abstract:	The proposed innovation is a multifunctional smart self sensing and self repairing composite that provides shielding. It addresses the two basic risk issues that are constraining composite use: durability and confidence in repairs so that uncertainty and risk are reduced. Self-sensing/self-repairing composites eliminate the risks by repairing automatically without manual intervention, by giving assurance of damage detection, repair accomplishment and by protecting against severe damage such as ballistics, em pulses. Since much damage needs instant repair, self repairing is required; since there is usually no monitoring and no visible traces , a self sensing system is desired and since em pulses and ballistic attacks are so devastating, shielding is required. This innovation is a multifunctional smart material that has three functions using one form and is smart because it can repair without human intervention and can sense what has happened and act for self preservation.

RK Composites Inc. 1414 S. Sangre Road Stillwater, OK 74074
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(631) 935-2848 Gajendra Pandey ARMY 09-096 Awarded: 10/21/2009
Title:	Condition-based Self Healing Systems for Multifunctional Composites
Abstract:	In this Phase I SBIR program, RK Composites, Inc. (RKCI) will develop condition-based self healing systems for multifunctional composite materials. Our technology enables damage mitigation by pre-damage repair, inclusion of condition based monitoring, extensive and tailorable multifunctionality, and material modifications to improve the mechanical properties of high-strength advanced composites. In addition, our technique can be easily adapted to currently qualified composite materials and incorporated using conventional industry-standard fabrication techniques. In this project, the self healing methodology will be specifically tailored to provide damage mitigation under impact loading and high stress conditions.

Dynamic Systems and Research 8219 Pickard Ave NE Albuquerque, NM 87110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 270-3088 Danny J. Frew ARMY 09-097 Awarded: 11/12/2009
Title:	Tension/Extension Test Device for Ultra High Stren
Abstract:	In this program, DSR proposes to develop a multi-use test system that will be capable of mechanically testing conventional and ultra high-strength geologic and man-made materials and obtaining post-peak stress-strain properties in tri-axial compression and direct tension/ extension (DTE) configurations. In Phase I, mechanical and hydraulic conceptual designs will be developed for the dual-use test device with the capability to apply confining pressures up to 200 MPa to right-circular cylinder samples. This phase will also include developing the servo-hydraulic architectures needed to obtain post-peak material property data for these materials. In the Phase I option portion of this program, DSR plans to design a highly-accurate instrumentation configuration that will allow for accurate measurements as well as provide the servo-loop feedback necessary to obtain the required post-peak behavior of the test sample. In Phase II, the mechanical, hydraulic, and instrumentation designs developed in the Phase I effort will be built, and tested under a variety of different conditions to demonstrate the ability for this device to capture post- peak behavior of test samples.

Karagozian and Case 2550 North Hollywood Way Suite 500 Burbank, CA 91505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 240-1919 Ken Morrill ARMY 09-097 Awarded: 11/30/2009
Title:	Tension/Extension Test Device for Ultra High Stren
Abstract:	There is an expressed need within the U.S. Government to develop and enhance analytic modeling capabilities with respect to predicting the response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures subjected to dynamic loadings events, especially those generated by weapon effects. Performing laboratory tests—where a set of representative stress and strain- controlled loadings is applied to concrete specimens—are a key step in characterizing concrete behaviors invoked by these scenarios, which are needed to support analytic modeling efforts. Such lab tests represent a proven and reliable tool to measure the strength and rheology of the concrete. The data can be used to understand the important mechanical phenomena from which to develop and calibrate constitutive models for use in physics-based models. The opportunity exists to apply state-of-the-art technologies to design a test system capable of performing direct tension/triaxial extension tests on UHSC samples. Our proposal seeks to combine technologies from a variety of specialized fields and experiences to accomplish this goal. Specifically, the K&C team proposes to combine novel applications of state-of-the-art instrumentation devices; computer- controlled, servo-hydraulic test systems; design optimization and design of experiments (DOE) techniques; and high-fidelity physics-based (HFPB) analytic modeling to design the test system.

BHTechnology, LLC 400 Rella Blvd suite 110 Suffern, NY 10901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(845) 369-6324 aron kain ARMY 09-098 Awarded: 11/12/2009
Title:	Vehicle Payload Detection at Low Speeds through We
Abstract:	A novel weigh in motion measuremetn system is proposed that does not rely on the piezoelectric effect. This system is physically felixible in composition and can accurately measure vehicles traveling at speeds from 5 to 30MPH. The system is rapidly deployable, easy to use, and readily incorporated in overall WIM and classification systems.

International Electronic Machines 850 River St. Troy, NY 12180
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 268-1636 Zack Mian ARMY 09-098 Awarded: 11/12/2009
Title:	Vehicle Payload Detection at Low Speeds through We
Abstract:	The Army’s Engineer Research and Development Center has developed a means for detecting hidden payloads in small passenger vehicles based on accurate information for wheel, axle, and gross vehicle weight. The use of weigh-in-motion (WIM) systems to gather the weight data has proven unacceptable due to requirements in COTS WIM systems for straight level approaches, constant vehicle speeds, and rigid pavement foundation for the scales. International Electronic Machines Corporation, in cooperation with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, will address these and other limitations of current WIM technology in development of a Slow-speed Weigh-In-Motion Error Reduction System (SWIMERS). SWIMERS will be based upon an innovative modular load cell system that will provide greater accuracy, higher data rates, and improved repeatability than current systems. SWIMERS processes time-serialized sensor data using advanced, patent- pending, error reduction algorithms developed by ORNL for the US Army. Preliminary testing suggests these algorithms can reduce multiple error modes to lower than 0.05%. Enhancements to these algorithms during this project will enable SWIMERS to be used in less than ideal conditions for dynamic weight measurement. SWIMERS adapts for use in either fixed/permanent or in expedient/temporary installations basis.

L. C. Pegasus Corporation 225 Long Avenue Building 15 Hillside, NJ 7205
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(908) 781-0393 Thomas Koscica ARMY 09-098 Awarded: 11/12/2009
Title:	Vehicle Payload Detection at Low Speeds through We
Abstract:	This proposal is aimed at the development of an innovative weigh-in-motion (WIM) sensor that uses purely fiber-optic sensing methods to remotely measure the weight and weight distribution of slow-moving vehicles. Specifically, an fiber Bragg grating based sensing system will be developed, in surface-mounted and in-ground configurations, that measures the axle and wheel weights of slow moving (<10 mph) passenger vehicles for stand-off detection of anomalously loaded sedans. Such a sensor system will be capable of accurately measuring the axle and wheel weights of slow moving passenger vehicles for determination of whether a vehicle carries a concealed payload, such as a vehicle- borne improvised explosive device (VBIED).

Wolf Technical Services, Inc. 6836 Hawthorn Park Drive Indianapolis, IN 46220
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(317) 842-6075 Paul Thogersen ARMY 09-098 Awarded: 11/12/2009
Title:	Vehicle Payload Detection at Low Speeds through We
Abstract:	A design concept is developed for a transportable weigh-in-motion sensor with capability to weight individual wheels, axles and the gross weight of passenger-type vehicles moving along a roadway at speeds from 1 to 30 mph. The sensor will sense weight shift associated with vehicle maneuvers and make a correction to each wheel weight. The system installation can be permanent or temporary, and can be an in-ground or surface installation.

ABL ENGINEERING LLC 227 W MAIN ST BOALSBURG, PA 16827
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(570) 522-0442 BRUCE LONG ARMY 09-099 Awarded: 11/3/2009
Title:	Optimally Designed Wireless Seismic/Acoustic Ordnance Impact Characterization System
Abstract:	We propose to study development of a wireless network of seismic/acoustic/GPS sensors to carry out the ordnance-impact characterization. We propose to modify an existing design that includes a three-componenent seismograph (sampled at 10kHz), a microphone, and a high-precision GPS receiver. These data are optimally subsampled and wirelessly transmitted over an 802.15 ("zigbee"-like) Personal Area Network. The source location algorithms will be designed along with subcontractors at the Pennsylvania State University with expertise in seismic source location and characterization.

Intelligent Automation, Inc. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5232 George Zhao ARMY 09-099 Awarded: 11/4/2009
Title:	Wireless Seismic/Acoustic Sensor Network for Ordna
Abstract:	Low-order detonations and unexploded ordnance (UXO) present an extremely difficult and expensive problem for DoD range managers. Near-real-time detection, location, and characterization of ordnance is important so that the number of rounds fired, impact time, location, and level of detonation can be provided for addressing singular low order or UXO events and for devising fiscally optimal cleanup schedules and management criteria. We propose to address this problem by a combined wireless seismic and acoustic sensor array network approach. By detecting seismic and airborne acoustic waves generated by the ordnance impact, the location, level of detonation as well as classification of the dud can be achieved. Our approach will be very useful for both military and civilian applications such as range management, explosion detection and seismography of earthquake etc.

McQ Inc. 1551 Forbes St. Fredericksburg, VA 22405
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 373-2374 Ron Knobler ARMY 09-099 Awarded: 11/12/2009
Title:	Wireless Seismic and Acoustic Ordnance Impact Char
Abstract:	McQ Inc. previously built and demonstrated an acoustic impact localization system to within 2m accuracy. As part of this effort, McQ developed an extensive explosion localization simulator to characterize expected system performance as well as determine key system parameters required to meet a given set of system performance requirements. During Phase I, McQ will enhance its simulator to account for environmental conditions such as wind, as well as develop the associated algorithms to accurately locate and classify variant explosions based on the performance requirements specified in the SBIR topic. At the end of Phase I, McQ will provide a complete set of system requirements and a concept of operations in which to build an ordnance impact characterization system that is low-cost, light-weight, small, easy to use, and operates on its own power supply continuously through the use of energy harvesting.

Quantum Technology Sciences, Inc. 1980 North Atlantic Avenue Suite 930 Cocoa Beach, FL 32931
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 868-0288 Larry Sills ARMY 09-099 Awarded: 11/12/2009
Title:	Optimally Designed Wireless Seismic/Acoustic Ordna
Abstract:	There is great need for safe, cost-effective methods to deal with the issue of unexploded ordnance (UXO) on mortar and artillery ranges. Quantum Technology Sciences, Inc. (QTSI) has been developing a Seismic-Acoustic Impact Monitoring Assessment (SAIMA) system for this purpose based on a wired design concept. Much of the development progress with this simpler wired system can be leveraged to develop conceptual designs for a wireless and more capable system. QTSI proposes to develop conceptual designs and evaluate deployment schemes to recommend optimal designs to build, field, and evaluate as prototype multi-array systems in Phase II that will meet stated performance requirements. This Phase I work will be accomplished by evaluating options for sensor hardware and firmware design improvements, algorithm improvements, and a new wireless network communications architecture with a compatible remote data processing station. QTSI will evaluate effects of multiple geophysical factors to gain a greater understanding of their effects for improving probability of detection, ordnance impact classification (high order detonation, low order detonation, or UXO), and location accuracy. Using QTSI’s Optimum Positioning of Sensors algorithm, options for deployment schemes will be evaluated to find optimal solutions for ranges of varying ordnance caliber and size.

Bodkin Design & Engineering, LLC P.O. Box 81386 Wellesley, MA 2481
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 795-1968 James T. Daly ARMY 09-100 Awarded: 12/15/2009
Title:	Point and Stand-off Microwave-Induced Thermal Emis
Abstract:	The Joint Services have a need for a short range, active stand-off capability to detect surface areas that may be contaminated with chemical, biological, or explosive (CBE) materials and to classify the nature of the contaminant. Recently, laser-induced thermal emission (LITE) measurements have shown promise for performing chemical analysis of thin layers on surfaces. We propose to conduct a series of systematic experiments to demonstrate the usefulness of transient thermal emission spectroscopy (TIRES) for detection of CBE materials on surfaces. Bodkin Design and Engineering has developed multi-spectral and hyperspectral imaging systems for wavebands from visible to long wavelength infrared (LWIR) and which are particularly suited to monitor transient events. In phase 1, we will determine the optimal settings (microwave heater power, dwell time, detection wavelength ranges, etc.) needed to maximize contrast between the surface contaminant and the underlying background and thereby maximize the probability of detection. The results will lead to a design for a breadboard prototype to be built in phase 2. In Phase 2, we will perform a comprehensive engineering design analysis of the prototype in order to predict baseline performance, project detection limits, and develop a set of preliminary Receiver Operational Characteristic (ROC) curves. We will then optimize the design, build it and test it using simulated CBE materials.

Kestrel Corporation 3815 Osuna Road NE Albuquerque, NM 87109
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 345-2327 Boyd Hunter ARMY 09-100 Awarded: 10/16/2009
Title:	Differential Microwave Excitation Spectroscopy
Abstract:	A novel spectroscopic technique is proposed to effect detection of chemical compounds. This novel active technique and associated hardware will be tested on appropriate simulants and Phase II hardware specifications generated.

Surface Optics Corporation 11555 Rancho Bernardo Road San Diego, CA 92127
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 675-7404 David B. Cavanaugh ARMY 09-101 Awarded: 10/28/2009
Title:	Passive Standoff Detection of Chlorine
Abstract:	The HyperSensor camera technology is a new imaging technology for multi/hyperspectral imaging technology developed recently at Surface Optics Corporation. This camera system is a compact solid-state staring multispectral imager that captures the information required to generate complete multispectral cubes with each focal plane exposure. The program proposed here will determine an optimized design for adapting the Hypersensor camera technology to the UV waveband, thereby producing a video rate camera for the detection and tracking of chlorine gas plumes. The Hypersensor includes an integrated real-time processor that analyzes the data as it is received from the camera. The proposed program will identify optimal algorithms for chlorine detection, and produce a preliminary design layout for a real time processor capable of running these algorithms.

ChromoLogic LLC 133 N. Altadena Dr., Ste 307 Pasadena, CA 91107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 381-9974 Nicholas Booth ARMY 09-103 Awarded: 11/2/2009
Title:	Surgical Debridement Assist Device
Abstract:	In order to address the Army’s need for a handheld device capable of locating any foreign body as well as differentiate between viable and non-viable tissue, ChromoLogic LLC (CL) proposes to develop a Debridement And Vitality Assessment by Near Infrared Spectroscopy (DAVANIS) system. The non-imaging, miniature finger mounted device will extend the tactile senses of the surgeon up to 50mm into a wound region, enabling rapid detection of any non-viable moiety to within a few millimeter resolution. In Phase I, CL will build a complete system prototype and demonstrate the efficacy of the technology with phantom tissue models. During Phase II, CL will perform detailed animal testing at our partner GLP test facility and prepare to obtain regulatory approval for the device.

Physical Optics Corporation Applied Technologies Division 20600 Gramercy Place Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Leonid Bukshpun ARMY 09-103 Awarded: 10/20/2009
Title:	Optics-Based Surgical Debridement Assist Probe System
Abstract:	To address the Army’s need for a surgical debridement assisting device, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop new Optics-based Surgical Debridement Assist Probe (OSAP) system based on active optothermal radiometry for detecting debris in tissue and hyperspectral imaging technology that spectrally delineates dead tissue. The innovation in OSAP system design enables the system to detect small foreign bodies (1/2 mm) within the tissue with a detection rate >95% at tissue depths of about 6 cm. The unique system design allows low-power operation, avoiding extensive electrical power requirements; and eliminates surgeon/video interaction and extensive operational training requirements for the surgeon. The OSAP device will result in major cost savings for the government in terms of reduced clinical complications. In Phase I, POC will (1) demonstrate the feasibility on an in vitro tissue phantom; (2) develop an engineering design; (3) assemble a proof-of-concept prototype; and (4) in the Option, develop a plan and protocol for performing preclinical work. At the end of Phase II, the OSAP system will satisfy the general safety requirements of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Shelters and IEC 60601-1 Medical Electrical Equipment, and attain sufficient maturity to apply for FDA approval and clinical trials.

Techno-Sciences, Inc. 11750 Beltsville Drive 3rd Floor Beltsville, MD 20705
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(240) 790-0580 Curt Kothera ARMY 09-104 Awarded: 11/1/2009
Title:	Improved Robot Actuator Motors for Medical Applications
Abstract:	Due to the demanding requirements associated with operation in combat environments, unmanned robotic systems are working towards developing lighter weight systems without sacrificing performance. This requires high power-to-weight ratio actuation systems that can be scalable to various robotic devices and configurations. Conventional actuator motors and hydraulic manipulator arms are known to be unfavorably heavy, which can lead to a multitude of concerns for deployment. As such, Techno-Sciences, Inc., in collaboration with the University of Maryland, proposes to develop a technology centered on pneumatic artificial muscle actuation, which features high strength and light weight. Building upon our extensive experience and related patent portfolio, we will perform analyses and design work in Phase I of the project that will lead into a full prototype actuator demonstration in Phase II.

Physical Optics Corporation Photonic Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Gregory Zeltser ARMY 09-105 Awarded: 11/1/2009
Title:	Leptospirosis Detection Dipstick
Abstract:	To address the U.S. Army need for a handheld, field-usable assay capable of diagnosing leptospiral disease in soldiers, resulting in early treatment with the appropriate antibiotic, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Leptospirosis Detection Dipstick (LDD). The LDD is a handheld device based on a combination of lateral flow immunochromatography, lab-on-chip principles, and microarray technology. The LDD dipstick will rapidly (20 min) detect both pathogenic leptospira antigen and Immunoglobulin M (IgM) to the pathogens in a blood sample. The LDD will be a sensitive, portable, easy-to- use (one-step protocol), and inexpensive device with at least 85% of the sensitivity and specificity of current gold-standard assays. The device will use heat-stable reagents, have no special storage requirements, and require no power to operate. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate feasibility of the LDD by fabricating a prototype and demonstrating its capability to identify pathogenic leptospira antigen and specific IgM spiked into blood specimen and buffer, respectively; followed by delivery of a single lot of 100 prototype assays to the Contracting Officer Representative (COR) to be evaluated in a government laboratory. In Phase II, POC will provide up to 3 initial lots of 250 prototype assays each to the COR.

Agave BioSystems, Inc. P.O. Box 100 Ithaca, NY 14850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(607) 272-0002 Mehran Pazirandeh ARMY 09-107 Awarded: 11/1/2009
Title:	Malarial Vaccines Utilizing Antigen/Adjuvant Display on Viral-Like Particles
Abstract:	Development of an effective malarial vaccine has been slow, although recent success in vaccine development has been achieved by using the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite surface protein (CSP)-hepatitis B surface antigen fusions, in conjunction with hepatitis B particles (the RTS, S formulation). The results of these studies suggest the potential of improved malarial vaccines by use of the viral-like particle (VLP)-linked immunogen approach. The VLP technology is being utilized for the development of vaccines for a variety of diseases. Agave BioSystems proposes to develop a novel platform for development of malarial vaccines consisting of a VLP displayed malarial antigen/adjuvant based on the Norwalk virus (NV) capsid protein. The NV-VLP will be engineered to express a candidate antigen in combination with a peptide adjuvant. These VLPs will be characterized, purified and delivered for testing of efficacy to stimulate cellular and humoral immune responses.

Vital Probes, Inc. 1300 Old Plank Road Mayfield, PA 18433
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(570) 281-2505 Vito G. DelVecchio ARMY 09-107 Awarded: 11/1/2009
Title:	GeMI-Vax as a multi-life stage malaria vaccine
Abstract:	New methods for simultaneous presentation and immune stimulation of malarial antigens are needed in order to rapidly progress promising antigens into efficacious vaccines. Platforms that present antigen to the immune system in a particulate manner that mimics the structure of a natural pathogen may improve the effectiveness of a vaccine. Many forms of particles exist for vaccine presentation including adsorption of recombinant vaccine antigen onto adjuvant material, and formation of virus-like particles. In this proposal we demonstrate that Gene-Mediated Inactivated Vaccines (GeMI-Vax) made from Gram-negative bacteria serve as "viral-like" particles for antigen delivery and contain intrinsic immunostimulatory capabilities. Specifically, the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) antigen from Plasmodium berghii was expressed on the surface and in the periplasmic space of Eschericia coli. GeMI-Vax-CSP vaccines were demonstrated to induce CSP- specific immune responses and sterile protection in a live P. berghii mouse model of malaria challenge. These results demonstrate that GeMI-Vax can serve as vaccine particles and immunostimulants for the induction of protective immune responses to CSP and likely to other malaria vaccine antigens. Thus, the objective of this Phase I proposal is to develop GeMI-Vax with various malarial antigens into a multi-life stage vaccine product for human use.

Biosearch Technologies, Inc 81 Digital Drive Novato, CA 94949
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(415) 883-8400 Jerry L. Ruth ARMY 09-108 Awarded: 11/1/2009
Title:	Development and Commercialization of Analyte Specific Reagents (ASRs) for the Diagnosis of Selected Arthropod-Borne Viruses on FDA-Cleared Real-time P
Abstract:	Phase I will develop multiple combinations of qRT-PCR primers and probes for some of six diseases of military importance: Dengue, Rift Valley Fever, Chikungunya, Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, Sandfly Fever, and Tick-Borne Encephalitis. Based on known sequence information from the literature and contacts at disease labs, probes and primer pairs will be designed and synthesized for testing; expected probe formats include hydrolysis probes, scorpions, and molecular beacons. Positive control plasmids containing target amplicon sequences will be designed, synthesized, and sequence- verified. Assays will be optimized for cycle profile, magnesium concentration, presence of competing nucleic acids, melting temperature, and gels to verify predicted amplicon length. Specificity and sensitivity will be established. Final probes and primer pairs will be provided to a Army Testing Lab for evaluation against disease targets. Acceptable probes and primers will be manufactured under cGMP, and a minimum of 100 vials of at least one analyte assay provided to the military for testing; if successful, the expectation is assays for three of the six diseases by the end of Phase I Option.

Calbiotech, Inc 10461 AUSTIN DR STE D SPRING VALLEY, CA 91978
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(619) 660-6162 Noori Barka ARMY 09-108 Awarded: 11/1/2009
Title:	Development Analyte Specific Reagents for Dengue Virus
Abstract:	Dengue virus is a mosquito born flavivirus that represents a major threat to military forces deployed to tropical areas of the world. Due to its worldwide distribution, US military and civilian personnel deployed overseas are at high risk of being infected. The global prevalence of Dengue has grown dramatically in recent decades, spreading from 9 to some 40 countries. The disease is now endemic in more than 100 countries in Africa, the Americas, the Eastern Mediterranean, South-east Asia and the Western Pacific. Not only is the number of cases increasing as the disease is spreading to new areas, but explosive outbreaks are occurring. As U.S. military come increasingly in contact with the disease, the need for rapid detection capabilities becomes increasingly apparent. In Phase I, Calbiotech proposes to develop Analyte Specific Reagents (ASRs) for the detection of Dengue virus.

Active Signal Technologies, Inc. Hammonds South, Unit Q 611 North Hammonds Ferry Road Linthicum Heights, MD 21090
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 636-9350 Dennis Kohlhafer ARMY 09-109 Awarded: 10/13/2009
Title:	Lightweight, Modular, High-Rate Data Recorder
Abstract:	Active Signal Technologies proposes to develop a compact, modular, high-rate data recorder that will record high quality data from an entire exposure event. The design will use hardware logic and single-port, static volatile random-access memory to minimize power required. The system will have a microcontroller that will be in standby mode until an event occurs and will remain on only for the time it takes to transfer the event record to non-volatile memory and to re-initialize the hardware logic and SRAM. In Phase I Active Signal will create a design schematic and evaluate component performance including critical timing functions, so that in the Phase-I Option it can fabricate and test a benchtop prototype. This will enable the first compact prototype circuit layout and packaging design to be created, ready for fabrication in Phase II. Phase I will also include developing a work plan for subsequent human testing; submission of regulatory documents to execute such testing in Phase II; and delivering a report on proposed hardware and software design and prototype test plan.

Impact Technologies, LLC 200 Canal View Blvd Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 424-1990 Patrick Kalgren ARMY 09-110 Awarded: 11/1/2009
Title:	Electronic Blast Level Alert Sensing Technique (eBLAST)
Abstract:	Impact Technologies, in cooperation with Allen Vanguard Corporation proposes a small disposable sensing system for dynamic pressure wave exposure seen by deployed soldiers. The proposed system will serve to reduce safety risks by accurately and quickly assessing the blast exposure level of personnel. Current sensors are directional dependant and therefore vary output with relation to sensor orientation. Impact proposes a piezoelectric based Omni-directional sensor to remove sensor direction as a limitation to the measured blast exposure level. The system will also provide adjustable thresholds to allow thresholds to be reconfigured as additional blast research is conducted. Key tasks of this Phase I effort include: 1) Development of a sensor to accurately measure blast exposure level; 2) Determine appropriate sensor placement to create Omni-directional measurement coverage; 3) Development of the data processing for correlation between measured sensor output and blast exposure level; 4) development of two mock-up sensors that will be used for demonstration of developed blast sensor technology.

Simbex 10 Water Street Suite 410 Lebanon, NH 03766
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 448-2367 Jeffrey Chu ARMY 09-110 Awarded: 11/1/2009
Title:	Personnel Borne Blast Dosimeter
Abstract:	Traumatic brain injury (TBI) or mild TBI (mTBI) resulting from direct impact or indirectly from blast waves represents a significant threat to personnel in combat or blast intensive training environments. Due to the complexity of brain injuries, onset of symptoms may not occur immediately or be initially identifiable, posing a potential threat to both the injured soldier and surrounding personnel. Direct measurement of key biomechanical head impact variables from these blasts or impacts in real combat situations has been significantly limited by the measurement, storage and power technologies available in the correct form factor. Furthermore, traditional approaches of data collection and post- processing are too limited (i.e. not enough memory, too large and expensive) and time consuming to provide clinically relevant information that can be used by medics for treatment decisions. The purpose of this SBIR proposal is to develop the Head Injury Dosimeter (HID) - a low-cost, retrofittable, unobstrusive, and fieldable solution for continuous monitoring and alerting of potentially injurious threats to the head from blasts or direct impacts.

Evisive, Inc. 8867 Highland Rd. Baton Rouge, LA 70808
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 962-0658 Karl Schmidt ARMY 09-114 Awarded: 10/7/2009
Title:	Automatic Test Equipment (ATE) for Non-Destructive Test/Non-Destructive Inspection/Non-Destructive Evaluation/Non-Destructive Test Evaluation (NDT/NDI
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to develop, demonstrate, and field a Non-Destructive Inspection (NDI) Automatic Test Equipment (ATE) for field units and depot to utilize in inspecting and/or repairing compo-site rotor blades. The NDI-ATE is to be field portable, provide results in near real time, with an automated assessment capability for field use and a detailed assessment capability for depot use in conjunction with maintenance and repair activities. The NDI-ATE will use Evisive Scan microwave interferometry and other NDI technologies as appropriate to achieve the combined automated and detailed NDI objectives. This will include inspection of the composite material structures and (using commercially available NDI technology) inspection of metallic components. This initiative is to develop, demonstrate, and field an affordable and reliable NDI-ATE device to determine structural health of composite rotor blades. It will demonstrate feasibility (Phase I), develop a functional prototype unit (Phase II) and implement a commercial program to field a fully airworthy system (Phase III).

JENTEK Sensors, Inc. 110-1 Clematis Avenue Waltham, MA 02453
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 642-9666 Robert Lyons ARMY 09-114 Awarded: 10/16/2009
Title:	Capacitive Array Technology for Composite Rotor Blade NDI
Abstract:	Composite rotor blades are susceptible to a variety of damage mechanisms, including voids, delaminations, disbonds, impact and battle damage, matrix cracking and water intrusion. Current inspection practices do not provide adequate levels of sensitivity to defect conditions, cannot provide reliable defect identification and are subjective in nature, resulting in increased operating and maintenance costs. Improved nondestructive test methods are needed that can be integrated into automated test equipment to produce 3-D images of defects and internal blade conditions. This proposed Phase I program will address composite rotor blade NDI by introducing a new inspection capability based on advanced capacitive array technology. This technology offers unique capability for glass fiber reinforced polymers such as those used in rotor blades and has demonstrated capability to detect relevant defects in relatively nonconducting composite materials. JENTEK is currently developing capacitive array technology for ceramic matrix composites under a Navy Phase II program and for imaging density and thickness of asphalt paving under a program administered by the National Academy of Sciences. This proposed program will leverage on-going funding to demonstrate feasibility of a rapid, capacitive 3- D imaging solution for surface and internal defects in composite rotor blades.

OKOS SOLUTIONS, LLC 1401 WEST IDAHO STREET BOISE, ID 83702
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(208) 345-1898 Curt Rideout ARMY 09-114 Awarded: 10/14/2009
Title:	Deep Focus, Multi-Zone Inspection Capability for Automated Acoustic Microscope Inspections in the Field
Abstract:	Aging and newer composite aircraft fleets have led to the need for advanced damage detection systems. Inspections for damage in the field are limited due to equipment capability, size/weight, automation challenges, human error and disassembly issues. A portable, lightweight, robust inspection system powered by an user-friendly, automated software system, with remote scanning capability, could improve the current field inspection challenges faced today. OKOS Solutions proposes an advanced inspection capability that has the potential to provide significant improvement in composite and metallic damage detection in the Field/Depot level environment through patented “lensing” of the acoustic signal. This could provide for a significant increase in the depth of field scanned, in a single scan in materials; along with an increase in the resolution of the return information. The technology could potentially remove the inherent issues with multiple scanning and errors associated with repositioning, as the single Deep Focus/Multi-Zone scan would have a single reference with all “layers” of the scans within one data base. The developed OKOS software technology is designed to effectively “peel” away the layers within a single scan, within the scanned volume of material, and be fully automated. Operator set-up and knowledge are minimized for an effective inspection.

Continuum Dynamics, Inc. 34 Lexington Avenue Ewing, NJ 08618
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 538-0444 Robert M. McKillip, Jr. ARMY 09-115 Awarded: 10/16/2009
Title:	Flight-Rated Fault-Tolerant Rotor State Sensor
Abstract:	A novel system for the measurement of rotor states is proposed for development, to be used as part of a control system in the support of advanced helicopter (and tiltrotor) handling qualities and flight dynamics improvements. The design builds on extensive prior rotor instrumentation work that has supported numerous wind tunnel testing research programs, but adds robustness and fault-tolerant features permitting its use as part of a man-rated flight control system. Key to the rotor state measurement approach is the use of on-blade acceleration measurements that provide enhanced tracking performance in the rotor state estimator, and the capability to incorporate a simple algorithm in the processing of raw sensor signals. Robustness is provided through the implementation of the estimator in individual microprocessors co-located with the instrumentation on each blade, thus permitting the use of voting schemes for handling degraded sensor signals or other system faults. The proposed workplan addresses the technical challenges associated with converting this concept to a functional and reliable piece of man-rated flight hardware.

Cornerstone Research Group, Inc. 2750 Indian Ripple Road Dayton, OH 45440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 320-1877 Richard Hreha ARMY 09-116 Awarded: 1/7/2010
Title:	Pressurized Forward Osmosis for Man-Portable Desal
Abstract:	Cornerstone Research Group Inc. (CRG) will investigate new techniques for efficient portable desalination devices with high product flow rates. CRG will utilize forward osmosis (FO) technology to increase the efficiency of current reverse osmosis (RO) powered devices. FO systems maintain several advantages over RO systems including passive desalination and minimal membrane fouling. By combining features from both RO and FO desalination devices, the effluent flow rate can be greatly increased. The proposing team''s track record of innovation of new materials positions CRG for successful implementation of a portable desalination device meeting the Army’s operational needs.

CFD Research Corporation 215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 726-4943 Dr. X. G Tan ARMY 09-117 Awarded: 12/15/2009
Title:	Functionally Graded Energy Absorbing Military Helmet Pads for Protection Against mTBI
Abstract:	Military helmets are designed based on costly and time consuming laboratory ballistic tests, firing range data, and forensic data. Until now advanced computational modeling tools have not been adequately utilized in the design and optimization of military helmets. The overall objective of this project is to develop a mild traumatic brain injury mitigating pad by integrating high-fidelity Finite Element Model (FEM)-based computational tools and experimental testing. The integrated experimental and computational models will be used to study the blunt impact effect on the low-density energy absorbing materials and the dynamic responses of the skull and brain. The numerical model will be validated against experimental data involving drop test, biomechanical response of head phantom. The computational tools will optimize the helmet pad design with a multi-parametric design window: variable material composition, layer thickness, multiple impact behavior, impact rate and others. The sample pad based on the numerical analysis will be fabricated and subjected to the impact tests. In Phase II we will develop the new material system for the helmet pads, and demonstrate that the developed materials reduce the risk of brain injury in both impact tests and shock tube tests. The integrated hardware/software framework will be delivered to the Army.

TIAX LLC 15 Acorn Park Cambridge, MA 2140
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 498-5936 Richard Stringfellow ARMY 09-117 Awarded: 1/7/2010
Title:	TPE Honeycomb Materials System for ACH Helmet Pads
Abstract:	TIAX proposes the development of a helmet pad system based on the use of thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) honeycomb structures optimized through materials characterization, simulations of system behavior, and dynamic testing. A shortcoming of existing helmet pads is that they are composed of open cell foam, a material with the same mechanical response in all loading directions. However, when used as helmet pads, the material will be primarily subjected to transverse compression. This knowledge can be leveraged to further improve the pad design, tailoring the anisotropy of the material system to optimize the response of the pads in transverse compression. TIAX believes that honeycomb structures composed of thermoplastic elastomers represent the ideal system for helmet pads/liners for the following reasons: (1) the honeycomb structure has optimal material utilization for transverse compression with a high performance-to-weight ratio; (2) thermoplastic elastomers can be selected for optimal dissipation characteristics in the desired range of strain rates and temperatures; (3) the material deformation is highly recoverable and the system is ideally suited for multiple (repeated) impact performance; (4) required manufacturing processes are inexpensive and well established. We are confident that the proposed approach will allow us to develop a protection system with optimal performance.

NxGen Electronics Inc. 9771 Clairemont Mesa Blvd. Suite A San Diego, CA 92124
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 707-9977 Stephie Althouse ARMY 09-121 Awarded: 11/1/2009
Title:	Rapid Identification of Ordnance and IED Materials
Abstract:	The Quantum Fingerprint technology is a novel and exciting sensor technology that combines high trace species detection sensitivities with high degree of species selectivity in a small, low power, low noise,solid state platform. It is inherently versatile and can be made to be very rugged and reliable. Interfaces with available GPS and wireless communications are provided depending on the preferences of the user. NxGen Electronics Inc is partnering with US Semiconductor and in collaboration of University of Missouri. This proposal addresses the need for rapidly identifying and sourcing Ordnance and IED materials including the place of manufacture and origin of IED components. Both commonality and differences between IED components can be determined to identify source and relationship to unknown IED manufacture. The system is designed to be used in broad range of military and civilian applications where identification of bomb components is critical. Rapid interdiction and neutralization of international terroist groups and the security in industrial facilities can be enhanced with a high degree of certainty.