Navy - Air Force - DARPA - OSD - CBD - SOCOM - BMDO - DSWA |
| AET, INC.
P.O. Box 33071 Indialantic, FL 32903 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 727-7587
Dr. Glenn T. Hess NAVY 98-001 |
| Title: | Design for Six Sigma Through Statistical Simulation Methods |
| Abstract: | The United States Navy has identified the need to develop innovative technologies that reduce the costs of manufacturing weapon systems and components. This requires a commitment to using statistics and design of experiments (DoE) methodologies to fully understand and characterize manufacturing processes. The vast amount of data required for full process characterization combined with complex statistical analysis often makes this practice prohibitive for most computer-aided systems. This proposal by AET, Inc., directly addresses dual use methods for achieving advanced industrial practices such as six sigma manufacturing in both the military and the private sector. A practical six sigma design system can be achieved by integrating existing tools and techniques in a unique way that achieves the goals of both the Navy and AET, Inc. The environment to perform this integration is named STADIUM. The use of STADIUM and its design of experiments statistical analysis capability will allow extraction of six sigma design and process parameters to be used in the performance simulation and evaluation. |
| CCVD, INC.
3901 Green Industrial Way Chamblee, GA 30341 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 457-7767
Michelle Hendrick NAVY 98-001 |
| Title: | Large Area Thin Film Corrosion Resistance via CCVD |
| Abstract: | Corrosion damage to aluminum structural components is very costly to both the government and commercial industry; viable treatments and/or protective procedures are required to limit it. Paint and related conventional coatings are commonly used to combat corrosion, although such coatings often may degrade quickly requiring frequent reapplication or touch-up; this is expensive and labor-intensive, especially in the field. Higher performance conversion coatings are prepared with processes which use hexavalent chromium, now considered to be a major health and environmental hazard. Thus, there is a compelling need for alternative, environmentally benign, low-cost coating technologies to protect aluminum components and structures subjected to corrosive environments. In addition, reduced weight is desired. MicroCoating Technologies, Inc. proposes to develop its safe, clean, economical Combustion Chemical Vapor Deposition (CCVD) process to fabricate high-quality, dense, pinhole-free, metal-oxide thin films as replacements for the chromate conversion coatings. The patented CCVD method is an open atmosphere deposition system capable of true heterogenous vapor deposition of dense, high quality films but at a fraction of the cost of the traditional vacuum processes, Chemical Vapor Deposition and Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD). Since CCVD processing is not confined to a reaction chamber or furnace, coating of large objects such as aircraft structural components is viable. We have already completed experimental work on low temperature deposition of CCVD coatings on aluminum and copper substrates. Our trial coatings display excellent performance as corrosion-barriers under wet conditions in tests performed by both Battelle (1300+ hours of saltwater spray) and an industrial partner (30 day SWAAT). We will detail these preliminary results further in the proposal. In Phase I, we will build on this initial success and work with our industrial collaborators to develop CCVD metal-oxide coatings with negligible weight for protection of aluminum structural components in both military and commercial applications. Phase I success will lead to a Phase II program to scale and automate the CCVD process for high rate, low cost production. This SBIR research will be planned, developed and commercialized through Phase III in collaboration with our industrial partners. |
| CHESAPEAKE SCIENCES CORP.
1127B Benfield Boulevard Millersville, MD 21108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 445-8461
Robert O. Hauptmann NAVY 98-001 |
| Title: | Technology for Affordability |
| Abstract: | The towed array capabilities of the US Navy combine high reliability, high channel count, long aperture and low self noise to provide an underwater acoustic superiority not matched by any other Navy. This superiority has also brought with it unwanted high production costs for these arrays. The next generation of Naval towed arrays with increasingly larger aperture may be out of the reach of a cost conscience Navy. The innovative technology described in this proposal will dramatically reduce the costs of providing this underwater acoustic superiority by automating the construction of towed arrays. It will provide a continuous array design ideally suited for optical hydrophones and telemetry. It will dramatically reduce the number of modules used to form an array and eliminate the fiber and strength member splices required at these terminations. The technology uses machine wrapped open cell foam, machine wrapped optical fibers which carry the telemetrized hydrophone signals, machine installed internal strength members, and a continuously extruded outer hose wall. This automated construction maintains high array reliability in a low flow noise hydroacoustic design while dramatically reducing the fabrication costs. |
| EBERT COMPOSITES CORP.
600 B Street, Suite 2060 San Diego, CA 92101 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 232-1270
David W. Johnson NAVY 98-001 |
| Title: | Manufacturing Technology for Affordable Composite Structures |
| Abstract: | Ebert Composites Corporation (Ebert) proposes to develop an advanced combined pultrusion and machining concept capable of producing affordable precision machined pultruded components for use in large composite structures. Previous research efforts have shown the merits of composite truss structures using a novel interlocking system developed by Ebert. The system allows assembly of structures without adhesives, bolts, or joint reinforcing material. Large, very high strength, easy to assemble structures are possible using relatively low cost materials. However, extensive precision machining of the base pultruded material is required to produce individual components of a structure. Previous research has also shown that this will require multiple machining steps separate from the pultrusion process to produce the strongest possible joint. These machining steps are time consuming, which restricts the ability to produce low cost components. During Phase I, Ebert proposes to design a pultrusion process that seamlessly integrates high speed precision machining. General machining concepts will be developed and tested using in-house equipment with a goal of demonstrating the capability of synchronized machining of pultruded components. The option period would develop a test truss structure and a pultrusion/machining specification as a lead-in to Phase II development. |
| ETREMA PRODUCTS, INC.
2500 North Loop Drive Ames, IA 50010 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(515) 296-6826
Dr. Julie Slaughter NAVY 98-001 |
| Title: | TERFENOL-D Lamination Process Cost Reduction |
| Abstract: | All high performance TERFENOL-D sonar devices require the drivers to be laminated for eddy current control. The process of laminating TERFENOL-D to present interlamina resistivity requirements results in low yields due to considerable material loss and is, therefore, a wasteful process. The objective of this program is to define and experimentally verify accurate interlamina resistivity levels for high performance TERFENOL-D drivers which also ensure acceptable power losses. Phase I will conclusively prove analytical theory which predicts relative independence of driver performance upon lamina conductivity. Proving that existing requirements can be safely relaxed, will have an immediate effect on TERFENOL-D high performance sonar driver yields resulting in almost 50% cost reduction. |
| NATIVE AMERICAN TECHNOLOGIES CO.
1317 Washington Avenue, Suite 1 Golden, CO 80401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 279-7942
Dr. Jerald E. Jones NAVY 98-001 |
| Title: | LASER Induced Thermal Strain Forming for Repair, Production, Rapid Design & Prototyping (LITS-FORM) |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this Phase I proposal is to verify the feasibility fro use of a robotic laser fabrication and repair system and to show how this innovative technology application will reduce costs of Warfighter systems and components, and improve performance and reliability. This system will provide impact in the shipyard, on the factory floor, in the aircraft repair depot and onboard ship. The number of potential military applications for this technology is very large, and provides the potential for significant savings of resources and time in production of military hardware, fabrication of defense relate components, and erpair and maintenance of esisting systems. Based on the integration of existing techologies into an innovative new computer-based process modeling and planning environment, this development will provide a demonstration of the apllications in Phase I. It can be applie dto large-scale or few-of-a-kind manufacturing, or fast production of long procurement lead-time parts, for the rapid prototyping of components that have real evaluatable and testable form & fit capability, and for repair and maintenance thru reforming of damagd & distorted parts. The system that will be developed is generally based on COTS hardware; and both the hardware and software is reconfigurable; The operator environments are intuitive, interactive and graphical. It will use a relatively low-cost PC computer-based 3D-CAD technology from Intergraph Corporation that is fully compatible with the Integrated Ship Design System currently under development for the Navy by Intergraph. |
| SANOVA-POLYTECH, INC.
109-10 Park Lane South, #B3 Richmond Hill, NY 11418 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(718) 260-3854
Dr. Saveliy M. Gugel NAVY 98-001 |
| Title: | Induction Carburizing--A Novel Cost Effective, Environmentally Safe, Affordable Technology |
| Abstract: | Carburizing of steels to improve wear resistance is an old but widely used process. Current furnace technologies are expensive because their extensive requirements for time, space, labor, materials, energy and maintenance, and are harmful to the enviroment due to active atmosphere and heat losses. Separate equipment is needed to establish desired properties in the part case and core. The proposed New Induction Technology (patent pending) will dramatically increase customer affordability by reducing the costs of manufacturing and repair of many important parts of aircraft, rotorcraft, ships, submarines, weapon systems, and correspondingly their life-cycle costs. Induction Carburizing can rapidly produce both local and overall protective surface layers not only on steels but on Ti base alloys. There are no restrictions as to part shape or dimensions. The carbon content, depth of penetration, microstructure, and properties can be obtained in seconds or minutes and adjusted as required for reliability and longevity increasing. Unlike current technologies the core temperature and properties remain unchanged, required subsequent cooling, quenching, and reheat treatment can be done simultaneously in the same installation. Sanova-Polytech, Inc. has outlined a comprehensive Phase I Program to show the feasibility of Induction Carburizing and to perform a preliminary cost analysis for transition of this New Technology to commercial usage. |
| MAK TECHNOLOGIES
185 Alewife Brook Parkway Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 876-8085
Darrin Taylor NAVY 98-002 |
| Title: | Management Tool for the Battlespace Environment: |
| Abstract: | An HLA tool, i.e., a battlemaster, is needed to enable a user to easily configure, control, and monitor a large-scale distributed exercise,. MäK Technologies has substantial expertise in HLA, is the leading supplier of HLA tools, and is a developer of networked games containing battlemaster components. Therefore, MäK is the ideal candidate to develop the battlemaster required by the M&S community. MäK Technologies will develop an HLA Battlemaster that supports configuration, control, and monitoring of both federations and individual federates. The Battlemaster will provide access to the required standard set of RTI's services, the Management Object Model, and the federation's FOM. In addition, the Battlemaster will provide a specialized set of services through its Battlemaster Application Programmer Interface (BAPI), which supports federate-specific plug-ins. MäK's Battlemaster will be based on MäK's commercial HLA Plan-View-Display, lowering time requirements, cost, and risk, while providing additional capabilities that are not ordinarily found in a battlemaster. At the beginning of Phase I, MäK will interview operational users to determine the functional requirements of the HLA Battlemaster. These requirements will guide development of an object-orientated design specification. With the newly created design and MäK's existing commercial PVD, MäK will create an initial Battlemaster prototype. To complete the spiral development cycle, MäK proposes a Phase I option to develop a test federation. We will iterate upon four components (requirements, design, prototype, and test federation) during Phase II to create a powerful, robust, flexible HLA Battlemaster. MäK can achieve all this in Phase I by leveraging existing tools and technology, and by applying its experience in both HLA and design and development of battlemasters for networked games. |
| MODUS OPERANDI, INC.
122 Fourth Avenue Melbourne, FL 32903 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 984-3370
Bruce McQueary NAVY 98-002 |
| Title: | VISGEEN: Virtual Interactive Scenario Generation and Execution Environment |
| Abstract: | The Modeling and Simulation (M&S) community is faced with increasing requirements to promote interoperability and reusability. To address this issue, DoD has defined the High-Level Architecture (HLA) as the standard to which models and simulations must conform. The HLA provides the infrastructure that allows conforming models and simulations to interact. However, neither the HLA or current simulation environments provide the high level coordination capability needed for the activities involved in creating and managing complex, synthetic, battlespace environments. In this SBIR, Modus Operandi (formerly Software Productivity Solutions) proposes to leverage our experience in distributed simulation and complex engineering environments to develop a Virtual Interactive Scenario Generation and Execution Environment (VISGEEN). VISGEEN supports the full simulation life-cycle of the synthetic battlespace environment, from scenario construction using integrated models and simulations, to run-time initialization, monitoring, control, and visualization of the participating simulations. In Phase I, Modus Operandi will integrate VISGEEN with existing M&S assets and use them to create a scenario for execution. VISGEEN will then initialize, manage, and visualize the scenario executing within the context of the HLA. This prototype will provide a solid foundation for Phase II full-scale VISGEEN implementation. |
| DIVERSIFIED TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
35 Wiggins Avenue Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-9444
Dr. Marcel P.J. Gaudreau, NAVY 98-003 |
| Title: | Advanced Solid State High Repetition Rate Modulator |
| Abstract: | This effort will leverage DTI's existing PowerMod` Solid State Switching technology to develop a 20 kV, 100-400 kHz pulse modulator for advanced W-band pulse Doppler radar applications. Key features of this effort will be the extension of solid state switching techniques to 100-400 kHz at high support enhanced effective surface-based radar detection and tracking of low RCS / low altitude targets such as cruise missiles, which currently pose a significant threat to naval assets. Additionally, this effort will demonstrate voltage regulation better than 1 part in 10,000 in a pulsed power environment. This level of voltage regulation is critical to the performance of high power RF tubes, such as klystrons and TWTs, in applications where phase stability is a key performance parameter. |
| ENGINEERING SPECTRUM, INC.
12725 Spectrum Drive San Antonio, TX 78249 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 251-4668
Montgomery Grimes NAVY 98-003 |
| Title: | A HIGH-REPETITION RATE PULSE MODULATOR FOR HIGH-POWER |
| Abstract: | The proposed program will concentrate on the design of pulse-amplitude modulators using innovative architectures to overcome the limitations of conventional designs in driving predominantly capacitive loads, such as the modulating anodes of high-power microwave vacuum tubes. The design will necessarily be capable of operation at high pulse voltage levels and at high pulse repetition rates. Typical of such an architecture is the "quasi-resonant" arrangement described in 11.1.8 of "High-Power Microwave-Tube Transmitters" (Reference 1 of N98-003), wherein the capacitance associated with the modulating anode is charged and discharged through a resonating inductor, or inductors, in a sinusoidal fashion, transferring stored energy rather than dissipating it. There are numerous variants of this concept which must be investigated in order to determine an optimum design depending on the type of electronic switches and how they are used. The program will include the evaluation of the various available electronic switches, including Field-Effect Transistors (FETs), Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs), Silicon-Controlled Rectifiers (SCRs), conventional triode and tetrode vacuum tubes, and the "Crossatron" gas-filled switch. This evaluation will concentrate on selecting the best electronic switch for this application. The effort will also include breadboarding of appropriately scaled portions of complete switches. |
| AURORA ASSOC.
3350 Scott Boulevard, Building 20 Santa Clara, CA 95054 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 748-2960
I. C. Chang NAVY 98-004 |
| Title: | Acousto-Optic (AO) Near Infrared Beam Detector |
| Abstract: | Transmission of very wideband signal transport and processing. During Phase I, a reduced scale feasibility model of a one-dimensional (1-D) WAAOD will be fabricated, tested and demonstrated. The performance goals include 50% efficiency, 5° input angle, 30MHz bandwidth, and 1000 spots. |
| INVENTEK CORP.
320 Willow Street New Lenox, IL 60451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(815) 485-9604
Thomas D. Kaun NAVY 98-005 |
| Title: | Long Life Thermal Battery for Sonobuoy |
| Abstract: | The prospects of significantly enhancing antisubmarine warfare (ASW) sonobuoys require exponential improvements in thermal battery capability. The fused-salt primary battery LiSi/CoS2 has shown tremendous progress in meeting the advanced requirements. Adaptation of recent advances in high-rate rechargeable thermal batteries provides a cost-effective approach for fully meeting size 'A' sonobuoy performance objectives. Specifically, an innovative super insulated container (vacuum/multifoil, which is 10-100 times as effective as Microtherm) promises to extend operating times beyond 4 hours to 12 hours. Reduced thickness of insulation would allow increased battery stack diameter and capacity (by 25%) to exceed 200 ping-seconds or power at greater than 13 kW. Rechargeable thermal battery peripheral seals, thinner (by 50%) fiber-separator; FeS2-CuFeS2 cathodes with 25% higher capacity density and lower-melting electrolyte are options for further increasing 'A' size sonobuoy battery performance and life. Battery life and performance could be doubled concurrently. Phase II would demonstrate the improved sonobuoy battery and aid in commercialization of the rechargeable thermal battery. A "dual-use" objective enables cost-effective deployment of the long life thermal battery for the 'A' size sonobuoy. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
2545 W. 237th St., Ste B, Applied Technology Div. Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-1416
Daniel Fang NAVY 98-006 |
| Title: | Flexible Shear Stress Smart Skin for Submarine Applications |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation's (POC) objective is to develop a flexible MEMS-based shear stress sensor for Navy radio-controlled submarine model experiments. An array of transducers can enhance the flow characteristics of model hulls and control surfaces. POC proposes development of a novel waterproof shear stress transducer that can detect the direction and magnitude of shear stress under a water pressure environment with high spatial and temporal resolution. The device can assist with evaluating the hydrodynamic merit of new submarine designs. A robust stress transducer uses a floating element, coupled with fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), which is deflected when exposed to fluid flow. A transducer uses Bragg gratings etched onto a symmetrical pair of fibers. A pair of FBGs balances deflection of the floating element, thereby reducing noise caused by the temperature/pressure effect. Gaps within the exposure surface of the floating element are covered by a silicon rubber thin film to resist water contamination. In Phase I, proof-of-concept will be demonstrated for waterproofing techniques on a MEMS-based transducer. A smart sensor network will be deisnged to address a large number of proposed devices to build a solid foundation for Phase II. |
| TAO SYSTEMS, INC.
471 McLaws Circle, Suite A Williamsburg, VA 23185 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 220-5040
Dr. Siva M. Mangalam NAVY 98-006 |
| Title: | Global Shear-Stress Distribution Using Water-Proofed Hot-Film Constant Voltage Anemometer (CVA) |
| Abstract: | Boundary-layer flow characteristics, such as the location of the laminar-to-turbulent transition, flow separation and flow reversal regions, as well as surface shear-stress distribution on marine vehicle models, will be measured using micro-thin, multi-element hot-film sensor arrays coated with electically non-conducting, water-proof polymer material. Tao Systems' Constant Voltage Anemometer (CVA) instrumentation system will be adapted for under-water applications to obtain high sensitivity and high dynamic response at low sensor currents. The low power dissipation in hot-films operated with CVA will significantly reduce or eliminate bubble formation, as well as corrosion causing electrolysis associated with conventional techniques. The high signal-to-noise ratio of CVA, coupled with large bandwidth, even at low sensor currents will eliminate most of the problems encountered by conventional anemometers in under-water applications. Furthermore, since the power dissipated by hot-film sensors in the CVA-mode of operation is linearly proportional to the voltage output (and not to the square of the measured output voltage, as in constant temperature anemometer), an order of magnitude reduction in measurement error will result with the proposed innovation. The feasibility of the proposed approach will be demonstrated during Phase I by conducting tests on an instrumented model in a water tunnel. |
| UNITED MICROMACHINES
4978 Santa Anita Ave Suite #203 Temple City, CA 91780 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 585-9379
Thomas Tsao NAVY 98-006 |
| Title: | Waterproof MEMS-Based Conformal Shear Stress Sensors |
| Abstract: | There exists a large need in the fluid mechanics community for waterproof micro shear stress sensors. The United Micromachines MEMS hot-film shear-stress sensor with underlying vacuum cavity is the only proven laboratory prototype micro shear stress sensor. In addtion, these sensors can be fabricated on a flexible substrate that can conform to curved test surfaces. With additional effort, the sensor technology can be advanced to the point where the sensor will be a commercially viable product. One of these efforts must be directed in the direction of waterproofing, which will allow the sensors to be used both underwater and in wet (ie raining or very humid) conditions. Initially, United Micromachines will concentrate on developing and testing waterproof coatings for use on the already developed sensor. The testing will concentrate on the waterproofness and pressure effect on sensor performance. In Phase II, United Micromachines will develop the packaging and electronics integration schemes necessary for acceptance by the fluid mechanics community. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Alan V. Bray NAVY 98-007 |
| Title: | Polymeric Hose Health Inspection Using Microwave NDE Techniques |
| Abstract: | Hoses are critical to the operation of hydraulic, power train, and auxiliary machinery aboard ship and in industrial applications. This project will develop a hose inspection tool to economically and practically assess hose health in place. Reliable inspection of hoses reduces maintenance costs while decreasing the rate of hose failures and related accidents. Microwave methods for hose nondestructive evaluation (NDE) can identify critical hose defects at low cost with minimal operator training. Microwave hose NDE can be done using portable handheld devices roughly the size and weight of a flashlight. Microwave inspection is based on the change in dielectric properties associated with hose defects like delamination, disbonding, and wall thinning. These changes are detected by sensing reflected microwave energy, and complex signal processing routines are not required to observe them with high reliability. Microwave NDE is done in real time - results are immediate and can be as simple as the blink of an indicator light - so position recording or complex scanning equipment is not necessary. Development of microwave NDE for hose inspection will result in a battery powered NDE tool - more like a battery operated drill than a computer driven system - and as such has a very high potential for commercial success in both Navy and industrial applications. TRI/Austin has committed to funding - at no cost to the project - a business study by an MBA candidate team to map the path for moving microwave hose NDE to the commercial market after development. |
| UTRON, INC.
8506 Wellington Road Suite 200 Manassas, VA 20109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 369-5552
Mr. David Kruczynski NAVY 98-008 |
| Title: | Low Velocity Initiation Ram Accelerator Concepts |
| Abstract: | The NAVY seeks a method to reduce ram accelerator barrel length by lowering the required entrance Mach number for ram acceleration to begin. This proposal will develop: 1) An improved understanding of the ram acceleration starting process. 2) A practical technique to accelerate propellant towards the ram projectile. 3) A robust external ignitor design for both starting and sustaining ram combustion at low Mach number. 4) An analysis of current and alternative technologies for initial acceleration of the ram accelerator projectile. 5) An analysis of wave activity for various low velocity starting techniques. 6) A conceptual design/methodology of a low to zero velocity concept for implementation in Phase II. |
| A2Z TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
4556 Knollwood Lane Niceville, Fl., FL 32578 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(850) 974-1509
Mr. Michael Zari NAVY 98-009 |
| Title: | A Temporally Resolved Thermal Imager |
| Abstract: | There is a need for a robust, non-invasive system for the measurement and recording of single-event (non-repetitive) time-dependent high temperatures. Measurement periods for these applications can range from microseconds to several hundred milliseconds. Individual measurements must be made on the order of every microsecond or more frequent. A2Z Technologies Corporation proposes to design and develop instrumentation which is broadly applicable to high-speed temperature measurement applications for Government (i.e., DOD, NASA, DOE) and industrial applications (Engine manufactures, manufactures of explosives, etc.). Specific capabilities for the proposed thermal imager are 1) non-intrusive, high temperature measurements, 2) multiple point (256 x 256) simultaneous measurements, 3) time-resolved measurements with controllable sampling intervals (1 ms - 50 ms), and 4) operate in harsh physical and EMI environments. During the proposed 6 month effort, A2Z Technologies Corporation will perform initial measurements at Naval test facilities, test the interference environment produced by the pulsed x-ray sources, design the prototype instrument, and develop, test, and demonstrate a Phase I breadboard system. All Phase I activities are for the purpose of proving the system feasibility. In addition, a Phase I option is proposed that includes 1) additional system testing and 2) prototype system design. |
| APPLIED RESEARCH ASSOC., INC.
4300 San Mateo Blvd., NE, Suite A220 Albuquerque, NM 87110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 795-8106
Robert T. Lynch NAVY 98-009 |
| Title: | High-Rate Single Event Combustion Diagnostics |
| Abstract: | Applied Research Associates, Inc. (ARA) proposes to develop a high-speed optical pyrometer which can be used on impact tests of reactive materials with metal plates where flash radiography equipment is in use. The unit will measure five narrow spectral bands of light and use their ratios to determine the temperature of the area of interest. It will also utilize an internal video camera to allow video recording of the field-of-view during the test events with a standard video cassette recorder. Two built-in temperature sources will allow verification of system calibration, obtained in the laboratory using objects of known temperature. The design will incorporate features of an existing ARA pyrometer which has been demonstrated to record temperatures in reactive material tests with little electrical interference from flash radiography. |
| DUPONT AEROSPACE COMPANY, INC.
7946 Ivanhoe Avenue, Suite 316 La Jolla, CA 92037 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 456-7833
Anthony A. duPont NAVY 98-010 |
| Title: | Inlet for Turbofan Powered High Performance Tactical Missiles |
| Abstract: | The duPont Aerospace Company, Inc. proposes to design an innovative inlet suitable for a hypersonic cruise missile. The innovative features consist of an inlet cowl which rotates outward from the retracted position to accommodate the airflow requirements of the engine, a coordinated variation in throat area and possible elimination of boundary layer bleed. The retracted position allows the engine to be closed off for hypersonic glide operation, and the various extended positions match the engine airflow requirements over the Mach number range from zero to six. The coordinated throat area variation matches the contraction necessary to reduce the inlet Mach number to a low value prior to the final normal shock. Boundary layer bleed requirements may be eliminated providing a more efficient overall solution if the resulting distortion is acceptable for the turbine engine. The Phase I work consists of CAD design and associated aerodynamic analysis using duPont proprietary methods which have been thoroughly proven in the NASP program. The final result is expected to be an optimized inlet that meets all system requirements. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Avenue Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4125
Mr. Uday Kashalikar NAVY 98-011 |
| Title: | Lightweight, Cost Effective and Durable Metal Matrix Composite Track Components |
| Abstract: | Air transportability, buoyancy and acoustic signature of future USMC/Navy 16 and 30 ton class tracked vehicles such as the Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle (AAAV) will be greatly enhanced if lightweight track shoes are developed to replace the existing forged, surface hardened steel components. Foster-Miller proposes to develop a tailored metal matrix composite (MMC) track shoe/pin component that will match the wear and strength performance of the current steel shoe at less than half its weight. Further, our MMC fabrication method (pressure casting) uses low cost nonstructural tooling, achieves net shape parts and is scaleable, which will produce high performance and cost-effective components. The Foster-Miller team will include a major foundary who is responsible for the design of track components for the AAAV, and a targeted component producer (beyond Phase II). In Phase I, Foster-Miller will produce MMC specimens for mechanical and tribological testing, and a scaled "show and tell" demonstration article to prove the shape capability. In Phase II, Foster-Miller will optimize materials and processes involved, prove repeatability and consistency in track component performance, and demonstrate cost, weight and performance benefits over the baseline component(s). |
| UNIQUE MOBILITY, INC.
425 Corporate Circle Golden, CO 80401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 278-2002
Jon F. Lutz NAVY 98-012 |
| Title: | Phase Controlled PM Generator for the AAAV |
| Abstract: | The Marine CorpsÇ next generation amphibious assault vehicle requires improved power generation capabilities due to increased power demand. Versatility (e.g., capability to drive two generators in parallel), high efficiency, and temperature independent voltage regulation are the goals of this development. Unique Mobility, Incorporated is ideally positioned to achieve these goals due to 15 years experience in applying small, lightweight, and efficient brushless permanent magnet (PM) motors and generators within vehicle applications. Unique is currently involved in many hybrid electric vehicle motors and generator programs, collaborating with Orbital Engine Corporation, Northrop Grumman, Houston Metro Transit Authority, US Department of Transportation, Deere & Company, and DARPA, as well as others. Within generator applications specifically, UniqueÇs method of delivering constant voltage over a wide range of generator speeds and temperatures results in a minimum power electronics and delivers high efficiencies, usually exceeding 90% across a wide band. This experience is vital to improving the AAAV power generation system, where the Phase I goal will be to design an optimized generator with associated electronics. System efficiency in excess of 85% across the operating region is anticipated. A set of conceptual drawings along with prototype and production cost estimates will be included in the Phase I report. |
| AJK TECHNOLOGY
367 Arlington Street Acton, MA 01720 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 266-9355
Paul G. Elliot NAVY 98-013 |
| Title: | Multiple Beam Antennas with Semi-Constrained Beamformers |
| Abstract: | A mobile satellite communications link operating from vehicles on-the-move would provide significant benefits to the Marine Corps in the battlefield environment. The antenna should be capable of simultaneous and rapid tracking of two satellites while the vehicle is in motion over rough terrain, as well as providing ultra-wide bandwidth (C-band through Ku-band), medium to high gain, low profile, rugged, minimal size and mountable on military vehicles. Affordability is also a significant issue. This Phase I effort will focus on multiple beam antennas with semi-constrained beamformers because, with their inherently wide bandwidth, multiple beam capability, and relatively low cost, they offer the most realistic and affordable approach to meeting the above requirements using current state-of-the-art technology. The feasibility of several innovative beamformer and aperture approaches will be investigated and compared with existing designs. Results of a preliminary evaluation using a computer model programmed for this proposal are included in the proposal. The ultra-wide bandwidth requirement poses design challenges due to mutual coupling between elements and intermodulation. The Principal Investigator has wide experience in array design and holds two patents for wideband phased array elements. |
| CONSOLIDATED INDUSTRIAL ASSOC.
6900 N. Hwy US1, 600 Deer Rd., Unit 6108 Port St. John, FL 32927 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 631-5397
Robert D. Hackett NAVY 98-014 |
| Title: | Disposable, Low Cost, Semi-Automatic Spotting Rifle |
| Abstract: | Consolidated Industrial Associates, Inc. (CIA) offers this proposal for the SBIR (Phase I) design, development, and production of the Disposable, Low Cost Semi-Automatic Spotting Rifle. To assure design compatibility with the customer requireme The Phase I activities include, the design selection trade study, selection of the best design, development of the rifle/bullet Design Optimization Software, optimization of the key components in the design, evaluation of key components through proof-of-p The Jonathan Arthur Ciener Corporation will be used to produce the test hardware, conduct the experimental testing, and prepare the top level drawings. This company is an established designer of speciality semi-automatic arms, a quality CAD-CAM producer Options are available for operational assessments of the rifle/bullet flight trajectory matching for another rocket system, including the SMAW Dual Mode Rocket, Common Practice Rocket, HEAA Rocket, (and other system, as specified by the procuring agency). |
| CONTINENTAL COMPUTER
1891 N. Gaffey Suite 232 San Pedro, CA 90731 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 514-0194
Jim Hynes NAVY 98-014 |
| Title: | It's the Drop |
| Abstract: | How do you hit a two-meter square target 500 meters away with a subsonic, unguided SMAW-D missile? At 100 meters, drop is about as important as other factors. At 500 meters, other factors have increased linearly but drop has grown by a factor of 30 and is the dominant factor. Even a 9mm revolver can hit the above target if you get the drop right. To compensate for drop, you need to know range AND velocity. R can come from either a spotting rifle or a laser rangefinder. A commercial, off the shelf laser rangefinder available for less than $200 may do a better job than a spotting rifle. While usable as-is, we explore integrating this rangefinder into the SMAW-D launch system. Launch velocity of the missile drops sharply with temperature and this problem must be addressed. If the velocity of a cold missile not only drops but is inconsistent, then the only answer is a guidance system. We explore a simple, no computer guidance system to compensate for gravity. While this system can easily be enhanced, it solves the immediate problem defined above. |
| KVH INDUSTRIES, INC.
50 Enterprise Center Middletown, RI 02842 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(401) 847-3327
Ron Paradis NAVY 98-015 |
| Title: | High Accuracy GPfog Azimuth and Attitude Sensor |
| Abstract: | KVH Industries proposes to deliver a high precision GPfog azimuth and attitude sensing system based on fusing three low cost sensor technologies: ultra short baseline carrier phase measurement GPS utilizing low cost GPS chip technology; uniquely affordable three-axis KVH E-Core Fiber Optic Gyros (FOGs); and a micro-machined commercially available accelerometer sensor package. The fiber optic rate sensors will be fused with GPS azimuth/attitude measurements and accelerometer inputs to increase system bandwidth and robustness and to provide immunity to short term GPS outages. During platform motion, the proposed system will use the change in position inputs from multiple low cost GPS chips to calculate a backup azimuth input to the carrier phase measurement, including stored heading backup during vehicle stops. The proposed three axis attitude and azimuth system will deliver better than 0.4 RMS degree accuracy at a per-unit parts and labor cost below $2,000 (sell cost under $7,000) in small quantities. KVH's proven experience in GPS product fusion (KVH GPS/Compass TACNAV and GPS/FOG Continuous Positioning System), combined with our low cost, robust, low drift FOG technology, make KVH uniquely qualified to solve the solicited non-magnetic high accuracy azimuth requirement. |
| SONETECH CORP.
3 Executive Park Drive Bedford, NH 03110, NH 03110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 626-0315
Dr. Harvey C. Woodsum NAVY 98-016 |
| Title: | Advanced Sigint System |
| Abstract: | A notional concept for an Advanced Sigint System is proposed. Features of the concept include use of COTS hardware for most componentry, and use of highly innovative Sonetech algorithms for ESM/ECM resource management, signal classification, Direction Finding, and jammer/ECM control. A novel technique for emitter location in the "urban canyon" environment is proposed in the basic effort; its counterpart in active jamming would allow selective jamming of the emitter while minimizing"electronic fratricide". Study of the active counterpart is proposed as a study option (p.12, para(3)). An overall design implementation will be selected which will maximize flexibility, modularity, and cost-effectiveness of the baseline systems, with growth potential to allow the optional capability to be added later. |
| SPL ENGINEERING, LTD.
P.O. Box 13 Goldvein, VA 22720 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 788-9090
Scott A. Bass NAVY 98-017 |
| Title: | Modular Remote Electronic Attack System |
| Abstract: | The Radio Reconnaissance Team of the Marine Air-Ground Task Force must retain the cutting edge in the tools of their trade amidst rapidly changing technology. This assimilation of technology will enable him to conduct electronic attack with precision and effectiveness. The Radio Reconnaissance Team member must have equipment that is versatile, easy to configure, easy to carry, easy to operate, reliable, simple to maintain and support, durable, and functional under the most severe conditions. A self-contained, modular EA system will be most effective in supporting the intelligence gathering mission as it will interface with the Marine Corps Reconnaissance Equipment Program SIGINT Suite-1 (RREP-SS-1). The proposed module will include on-board power, remotely tunable transmitters, and remotely controlled power output. This proposal outlines a four-task approach toward rapid commercialization. The first three tasks will form the basis for the first 180 days of this research effort while the fourth task may be included in a three-month option to the contract. The tasks are: 1) Perform a survey of commercial components, requirements, and operators. 2) Perform exploration / experimentation on the implementation of microprocessor controlled solid state circuitry. 3) Perform a complete design analysis of needed hardware. 4) Conduct a proof-of-concept demonstration. The demonstration will provide a basis on which to determine the technical merit of this approach. |
| CREARE, INC.
PO Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Patrick J. Magari NAVY 98-019 |
| Title: | A Stand Alone Environmental Corrosivity Measurement System |
| Abstract: | Corrosion problems experienced by military equipment are severe and expensive; estimates for the Navy alone are more than $1 billion annually. To reduce these costs it is imperative that equipment be monitored for exposure to corrosive environments. Quantitative monitoring programs will help to better understand how to best mitigate the effects of these environments. The opportunity presented here is the development of an integrated environmental monitoring system so that data which characterizes the corrosivity of the environment can be gathered. The instrument will incorporate an innovative integrated sensor suite capable of monitoring temperature, humidity, rainfall conductivity, and corrosivity (e.g. galvanic activity) data over a wide-range of operating conditions. The data acquisition system will be based on a small but sophisticated Micro- Computer Unit which will gather data over long periods of time. Use of this advanced technology will result in a small, lightweight system which can be used in shipboard, airborne, and ground station applications. The primary focus in Phase I is to prove the feasibility by 1) integrating sensors which can accurately and reliably measure these parameters into a stand-alone package using thin-film deposition techniques and 2) demonstrating a prototypical signal conditioning and data acquisition system with remote data retrieval capabilities. |
| SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING CORP.
P. O. Box 162487 Austin, TX 78716 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 306-1100
Robert C. Chin, Ph.D. NAVY 98-020 |
| Title: | Intelligent Coatings for Corrosion Detection Using Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging |
| Abstract: | Systems & Processes Engineering Corporation (SPEC) and Dr. Richard E. Johnson of LeTourneau University proposes to develop a method to encapsulate and embed corrosion sensitive dye molecules into a intelligent aircraft primer coating. We intend to detect the fluorescence changes of dye molecules interaction with corrosion by-products by using frequency domain fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) technology. The system is based upon the determination of the fluorescence lifetime contrast images of the intelligent corrosion by measuring the amplitude and phase shift of the fluorescence emission relative to an amplitude modulated excitation light source, thus avoiding many of the technical difficulties associated with an intensity measurement system. We intend to also investigate and develop an encapsulation method for these dye molecules based upon previous SPEC work in silica-gel technology. SPEC and Dr. Johnson has extensive experience implementing fluorescence lifetime measurement systems and in the development of intelligent coatings. SPEC has manufactured, demonstrated, and delivered a number of corrosion detection and monitoring systems to NASA Langley, US Army Missile Command, and the Naval Air Warfare Center, Aircraft Division at Patuxent River. |
| VIRTUAL 21 ASSOC.
25171 Calle Busca Lake Forest, CA 92630 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 391-7941
E. F. Cross NAVY 98-021 |
| Title: | Improved Leak Location System for Aircraft Internal/Integral Fuel Tanks/Cells |
| Abstract: | Program objective is to develop a television system for identifying fuel tank leaks. This leak detection method uses a near infrared camera with illuminator to observe gas flow through any small breaches in the fuel tank wall. System performance is based on the physical principle that reflected scene irradiance is reduced in any area where an illuminator's spectral bandpass traverses a flowing gas with the corresponding absorptive bandpass. In subsequent discussion this leak identification system will be referred to as the Eclipse Detection System (EDS). Proof of concept will be accomplished by designing and testing a prototype EDS that detects the flow of selected unheated or cooled gas through fuel tank leaks. These prototype tests will show EDS's to be: (1) comparable in size and ease of operation to a conventional camcorder, (2) less expensive than proposed or currently available methods, (3) more user friendly, and (4) will provide improved imagery with leak areas shown as black spots and/or plumes on a TV monitor. Conversely, leak detection systems that rely on heated air or gas emissions require a more costly and complex setup to image and control the heated trace gases. Heated trace gases may be corrosive to some fuel tank surfaces. |
| BOSCH AEROSPACE, INC.
7501 South Memorial Parkway, Suite 207 Huntsville, AL 35802 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(205) 882-9395
James H. Boschma NAVY 98-022 |
| Title: | Cycloidal Propulsion for UAV VTOL Applications |
| Abstract: | The proposed effort will result in the development and wind tunnel validation of a universal pitch cycloidal propeller system which can provide efficient vertical takeoff or landing (VTOL) UAV propulsion. This form of propulsion is currently in use in marine applications, and has been studied by major aircraft manufacturers and the military. Study and wind tunnel test results support the concept; however, until the advent of the micro-computer and associated motion control technologies, efficient cycloidal propellers were only feasible for relatively narrow speed ranges. This effort will capitalize on computer control to provide a universal pitch cycloidal propeller that will allow efficient flight across a wide range of flight speeds and conditions. Cycloidal propulsion provides a unique 360-degree directional flight capability through use of a low-velocity, high-volume flow technique of exceptional efficiency. The cycloidal propeller, which provides both thrust and lift, can make near instantaneous change in thrust direction without re-orientation of the propellers plane of rotation. Major advantages of this system include efficient hovering flight, low-noise signature, near-instantaneous change in thrust direction, wide speed range, safety, and packaging. BOSCH Aerospace, Inc., has teamed with the Raspet Flight Research Center of Mississippi State University to conduct Phase 1. The research will encompass systems engineering, mechanical design, computer modeling, control algorithm development, fabrication, and wind tunnel tests. A fully functional propeller and control system will be completed and tested during Phase 1. Documentation from this effort will include study, design, and tests results. |
| ADVANCED ROTORCRAFT TECHNOLOGY
1685 Plymouth St., Suite 250 Mountain View, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 968-1464
Hossein A. Saberi NAVY 98-023 |
| Title: | Application of Virtual Prototyping and Intelligent Systems Technology to Rotocraft Test & Evaluation |
| Abstract: | Recent breakthroughs in virtual prototyping of flight vehicles Coupled with modern methods of Intelligent systems technology provide an opportunity to apply powerful new software tools to the design and testing of both flight vehicles and their associated training devices. Advanced Rotorcraft Technology, Inc. (ART) has developed FLIGHTLAB, a prototyping tool for flight dynamics modeling. ART is currently completing a Phase 11 SBIR that has focused on adding extensive flight test support capability to FLIGHTLAB, including the modeling of standard Navy flight test scenarios, the reduction of the resulting data into standardized plot formats and the addition of an integral data base management system to catalog simulation configuration with the corresponding test results, Stottler Henke Associates, Inc. (SHAI) is currently completing a Phase 11 SBIR involving the development of an automated flight test planning program that uses intelligent systems technology to extract baseline information from a library of flight test plans and then guides the user systematically through the test plan development, making extensive use of existing information to facilitate and standardize the process. This proposal addresses the enhancement and integration of FLIGHTLAB's virtual prototyping and virtual test and evaluation capabilities and SHAI's Automated Flight Test Engineering System to produce the Rotorcraft Intelligent Test and Evaluation (RITE) system. The development of an intelligent software system that facilitates the efficient modification of both flight control and simulation software to achieve desired objectives and supports configuration management of the software throughout the test and evaluation process will have a major impact on the rotorcraft test and evaluation community. |
| REFRACTORY COMPOSITES, INC.
107 N. Langley Rd. Glen Burnie, MD 21060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 768-2490
Frederick S. Lauten, Ph.D NAVY 98-024 |
| Title: | Bonding of SiC CMCs to Superalloy Components |
| Abstract: | Many within the Navy and industry believe CMC technologies are at a stage of development ready for insertion into turbine powerplants. As a designer and fabricator of CMC components, Refractory Composites, Inc. (RCI) agrees that SiC CMC materials and fabrication technologies are of the maturity level for use as high temperature components in turbine engines. In order to truly capitalize on the benefits of CMC components, they must be successfully bonded to state of the art superalloys. In this proposed SBIR program, RCI will develop and demonstrate fusion joining techniques for CMCs to superalloys for operation at temperatures above 700oC and capable of withstanding the harsh corrosive environments encountered in Navy turbine engine applications. In addition we will develop stress analysis tools capable of use in designing joined components. RCI has already developed methods of bonding CMC components to metal components for other applications. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Avenue Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 622-5532
Margaret Roylance NAVY 98-025 |
| Title: | Thermoset Resin Development for In Situ Fiber Placement |
| Abstract: | Fiber placement is a technique developed for fabrication of thermoplastic matrix composite structures, but it has been applied to layup of complex thermoset composite structures which are difficult to produce using other methods. It has been used successfully to produce several such structures, eliminating or minimizing problems such as fiber waviness (or marcelling), fiber shifting, resin migration, disbonds and voids. Currently, however, successful use of this technique for thick parts depends upon repeated debulking during fiber placement, and a lengthy autoclave cure cycle is required after fiber placement is completed. Foster-Miller proposes to modify commercial thermoplastic toughened prepreg tape to eliminate these debulking and autoclave cure requirements. A combination of staging, preconsolidation and creation of a highly reactive surface will be employed to produce a prepreg tape capable of full in-situ cure during fiber placement. Foster-Miller has formed a team with aircraft primes Bell Helicopter and Lockheed Martin to realize development of this low cost fabrication process. The Phase I program will culminate in the use of this modified prepreg for in-situ cure during fiber placement of a representative composite subcomponent during the optional task. |
| FLEX TECHNOLOGY, INC.
801 West Main Street, Suite 108 Charlottesville, VA 22903 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(804) 979-4134
William R. Krause, Ph.D. NAVY 98-026 |
| Title: | Biofidelic Lumbar Spine for Human Response to Aircraft Ejection and Helicopter Crash |
| Abstract: | Spinal injury (vertebra fracture) during aircraft ejection or vertical helicopter crash is a serious problem due to the human body's inability to tolerate excessive +Gz acceleration. Although anthropomorphic test devices (ATD) or manikins have been used to assess, develop and standardize ejection seat and crash safety, they do not represent the spinal response under high acceleration loading. Flex Technology has designed and developed an innovative flexible structure which has the potential to mimic the properties of the human spine for incorporation within an ATD. It is proposed to review the current staus and properties of ATD spinal units as well as human vertebal specimens, research and document the spine's response to high impact loading, to design and develop using dynamic computer modelling an innovative flexible structure that has the stiffness properties comparable to experimentally determined vertebral stiffness, and to construct prototype units for mechanical testing and response verification. The key elements of the proposed unit is its simplistic, continuous, one piece design, and ability to customize the mechanical properties. The unit will be computer designed based on experimentally determined vertebral properties. Phase II developments will include a multi-degree of freedom spinal unit, a female unit, whole body response testing and verification, and further testing in anticipation of government acceptance. In order to accomplish the task with the highest degree of success and scientific ability, the offeror has assembled a team of consultants that are World renown in the field of spine and impact biomechanics. |
| FRISBY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3635 Whiskey Road Aiken, SC 29803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(803) 642-0296
Mr. Mark Holman NAVY 98-027 |
| Title: | Thermasorb Enhanced Microclimate Cooling Suit |
| Abstract: | Chemical/Biological (CB) protective ensembles impose a thermal burden on aircrew, which not only limits mission time but poses a physiological danger to aircrew in even moderate operating environments. The thermal loads placed on these personnel may be reduced through the use of microclimate cooling systems. Unfortunately, to provide effective cooling, such systems must usually make compromises in weight, portability, effectiveness, or comfort. It is possible to greatly enhance the cooling efficiency of microclimate cooling suits through the use of Thermasorb additives. Thermasorb additives consist of micro-encapsulated phase-change materials that are capable of absorbing large amounts of heat without changing temperature. These additives can improve microclimate cooling suits through the use of modular cooling packs or a slurry-based system. Frisby proposes to design, build, test, and demonstrate three laboratory-scale Thermasorb systems. A system that incorporates bulk Thermasorb microcapsules in modular units that will absorb heat from a secondary circulating unit, a Thermasorb slurry system that will absorb heat directly from the heat source, and a hybrid (active/passive) system. |
| SOHAR, INC.
8421 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 201 Beverly Hills, CA 90211 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(213) 653-4717
Dong Tang NAVY 98-028 |
| Title: | Development of Fault Tolerance Analysis for Flight Critical Avionics Systems |
| Abstract: | The objectives of this Phase I research are: 1. development of a set of metrics with both qualitative and quantitative attributes for evaluating capabilities of dependability modeling and simulation tools, 2. evaluation of representative dependability modeling and simulation tools in terms of the developed metrics by both analytical and experimental approaches, 3. Identification of essential features in modeling military fault tolerant computing systems and for commercialization, and demonstration of a theoretical basis for modifying existing tools or developing new tools with a potential for commercialization and for integration with a performance modeling tool. Two approaches will be used in the evaluation: analytical evaluation, mostly based on the user's manual, and experimental evaluation by execution of the tool. In the experimental evaluation, the representative tools will be used to model actual fault tolerant systems. The results of this Phase I research will be a high- level design for modifying selected existing tools or developing new tools. The design will form the basis for the Phase II development of tools that are suitable for both modeling military fault tolerant systems and commercialization. |
| SYTRONICS, INC.
4433 Dayton-Xenia Road, Building 1 Dayton, OH 45432 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 429-1466
Glen Geisen NAVY 98-029 |
| Title: | Automatic Derivation of Traditional Anthropometric Measurements from Whole Body Scan Data |
| Abstract: | The practical use of 3-D whole body surface data is being applied to the apparel industry for clothing fit and design. Automated methods of data extraction are sought to provide a more convenient and consistent analysis. This project aims to develop techniques that automatically compute a representative set of body measurements. Targeted for the PC platform, a software deliverable will allow a user to compute body measurements from customer provided 3-D whole body scan data. |
| MANAGEMENT COMMUNICATIONS & CONTROL
2000 North 14th St., Suite 220 Arlington, VA 22201 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 522-7177
Christopher B. Robbins NAVY 98-030 |
| Title: | Portable/Reusable Application Software for COTS Platforms |
| Abstract: | Management Communications and Control, Inc. (MCCI) proposes a hardware/software architecture to develop and resuse airborne applications on a multiple vendor family of COTS processors. The architecture's design environment provides an open application program interface (API) to member hardware platforms. Software tools will automatically generate high performance applications code for family hardware targets from common, reusable, graphical application specifications. Board replacement ILS strategies will be supportable without expensive software maintenance or indefinite commitment to a particular vendor's hardware. Reusable software fault isolation testing may be incorporated directly into applications. The architecture family's open API offers the Navy the opportunity to reuse the AN/UYS-2 application code at minimal cost. |
| SEALANDAIRE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
2400 East Ganson Street, Suite A Jackson, MI 49202 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(517) 764-7899
Mr. James Widenhofer NAVY 98-031 |
| Title: | Passive Acoustic Sensor System for Marine Mammal Detection |
| Abstract: | Protecting marine mammals from harm during Navy explosive operations is a high priority. A dedicated sensor system for field mitigation that has a high probability of detection, is flexible and can be tailored to fit the scope of an exercise is highly desirable. A preliminary examination of the characteristics and behavior of marine mammals suggests that a unique dedicated passive acoustic sensor system could be developed from existing sonobuoy technology. It would have near 100% probability of detection and would be a cost effective adjunct to the existing technique of visual observations. A program is proposed for the development of a passive acoustic sensor and processor/display system meeting those criteria. A comprehensive analysis of the vocalization characteristics and behavior of cetaceans and other marine mammals will be used to determine system characteristics for optimizing detection and localization. Frequency range, source level, conditions that induce vocalizations and variety of sounds will be important criteria. Omnidirectional and directional sensors will be compared for detection effectiveness, complexity, number of sensors required and cost. Various processing schemes will be evaluated to determine the most effective method of detection and localization. The goal is to develop a practical, simple, cost effective and flexible system. |
| ELECTRO-RADIATION, INC.
39 Plymouth Street Fairfield, NJ 07004 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(973) 808-9033
Murray W. Rosen NAVY 98-032 |
| Title: | Frequency Selective Filter/Switch |
| Abstract: | The project examines the concept of frequency selective antenna management and supplemental transmit antennas on tactical aircraft which allow continuous jamming and support maneuvering. The project examines tactics and coordinated techniques responding to crew actions and cueing techniques to prompt optimized maneuver synchronization. Phase 1 identifies the threats, the techniques, and estimates performance. The project examines the F/A-18C/D for EW antenna improvement. Phase 1 develops a 3-dimensional EW protection envelope for tactical aircraft responsive to altitude, attitude and maneuvers which produces improved survivability based on the situation. The project defines and evaluates alternative antenna locations, switch and filter concepts, and estimates performance and realizability. The Phase 1 Option addresses alternate switch implementation technologies. Phase 2 develops a prototype managed transmit antenna concept for the F/A-18C/D. |
| DYNAMICS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
21311 Hawthorne Blvd., Suite 300 Torrance, CA 90503 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 543-5433
Dr. Michael L. Webb NAVY 98-033 |
| Title: | Magnetic Anomaly Detection (MAD) Geomagnetic Reference Sensor |
| Abstract: | Dynamics Technology, Inc. (DTI) will develop and build a prototype geomagnetic reference sensor system (GRSS) to support advanced magnetic anomaly detection (MAD) for airborne submarine search. The GRSS is an off board system consisting of the reference sensor, auxiliary sensors for noise reduction, a sensor platform, and signal processing and noise reduction algorithms. It will suppress geomagnetic noise increasing the performance of airborne MAD. DTI has identified candidate sensors, auxiliary sensors, platforms, and signal processing and noise reduction algorithms. The candidate platforms are UAV, balloon, or buoy. Each platform has different sensor, auxiliary sensor, signal processing, and noise reduction requirements. A thorough system analysis will reveal the optimum GRSS from among the various candidate systems, and also demonstrate its feasibility. The primary measure of effectiveness will be cost per unit search area. The system analysis will build on DTI-developed system performance tools developed under previous Navy programs. Only after identifying the optimum GRSS will we assemble a prototype development team from the possible hardware vendor partners identified in the system analysis. In Phase 1 we will: (1) perform system analyses based on existing DTI models, (2) identify and characterize candidate sensor, platform, and processor systems and their operational constraints and costs in cooperation with potential vendor partners, (3) demonstrate system feasibility by modeling performance of a system based on identified components using best available sensor platform characteristics and a suitable processor mockup, and (4) determine Phase 2 prototype development requirements and vendor partners based on the feasibility analysis. |
| TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP.
6515 Main Street Trumbull, CT 06611 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 268-1249
Steven Jaroszewski NAVY 98-034 |
| Title: | Multisensor Image Positioning System |
| Abstract: | TSC will develop methods to perform fast, precise geopositioning of data types with respect to a single coordinate system. The primary focus will be to precisely register an EO/IR image, that has a poor or non-existent camera model, to an Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IFSAR) image. However, all combinations of SAR, IFSAR, optical and IR imagery will be accommodated. determine tie-points in the multisensor images, and 2) determine and apply an affine transformation for 2D-to-2D image registration. An analysis will be performed to assess expected registration performance and quantify acceptable image parameters. Spectrally insensitive algorithms will be developed by employing an Automatic Terrain Classifier (ATC). Feature attribute matching techniques will be employed to overcome differences in image scale and orientation. Phase II will extend the techniques to process images with significant perspective distortion and to perform 2D-to-3D image registration. TSC will leverage existing ATC software developed for DARPA, photogrammetry experience gained during urban database development contracts for the FAA, and general classification techniques developed during numerous efforts. In addition to any Government supplied imagery, existing SAR, IFSAR, Landsat and aerial photographic imagery will be employed to support algorithm development and performance evaluation. |
| RDA, INC.
P.O. Box 49 Doylestown, PA 18901 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 340-9514
Malachi E. Higgins NAVY 98-035 |
| Title: | Signal Processing and System Concepts to Exploit Passive Signals in Airborne Active ASW Missions |
| Abstract: | Future Airborne ASW tactics will depend heavily upon the use of active sonar and bistatics with a distributed field of sonobuoys as the primary means of initial target detection and localization. However, the bistatic detection and classification problem is compounded by short contact times, evasive target maneuvers, and the ambiguous nature of target echoes and clutter. Recent studies indicate that some target signals are potentially exploitable by passive detection, even in the acoustic and tactical environments of interest for active search. A method of detecting these signals, and a method of incorporating the clues provided by such detections, is desired to augment the information obtained from the processing of the active sonar data. A system level approach to achieving this passive signal detection, and implementing the techniques in an Air ASW active search mission is proposed.The proposed techniques will demonstrate that the passive detection methods are useful, and that they provide added value to current and future active search based Air ASW missions. |
| NOVA ENGINEERING, INC.
5 Circle Freeway Drive Cincinnati, OH 45246 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(513) 860-3456
Mark Dapper NAVY 98-036 |
| Title: | Miniature Airborne Communications Relay (MACR) |
| Abstract: | The Navy is often required to provide tactical communications links for beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS) or extended range operations. A typical scenario is a special operations force deployed on land with a coordinating command on a ship perhaps hu A solution to these problems - restricted range, high cost, less than full deployment, poor AJ and LPI performance - lies in the use of widely disseminated and low cost ECCM-capable combat net radios, along with a low-cost UAV repeater to achieve long-ran Nova Engineering is uniquely positioned to develop this capability based on significant design contributions to General Dynamics' SINCGARS and numerous hardware developments specifically targeting low power, lightweight UAV applications. |
| IRVINE SENSORS CORP.
3001 Redhill Avenue, Building #3 Costa Mesa, CA 92626 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 444-8730
David E. Ludwig NAVY 98-037 |
| Title: | Hyperpixel Sensor |
| Abstract: | Technology is still a long way from packaging an electromagnetic sensor as efficiently as the eye of the mammal. This is especially true in the mechanics of focus, iris control, and pointing. However the eye is a good model for the features which should be emulated in a next generation sensor. Electronic and signal processing emulation techniques have already been demonstrated. As higher and higher resolution sensors are implemented an electronically steerable ÇfoveaÇ can be contemplated in a wide field of view optical system. This combined with on and near the focal plane processing could provide a sensor with eye type capabilities. Those include: wide field of view, staring sample rates, image resolution enhancement through saccadic motion and image motion compensation, spatial and temporal pre-filtering, and fovea resolution enhancement in the area of most interest. ISC plans to architect such a sensor in the Phase I program using its Z-technology focal plane architecture and Vector Image Processor technology for signal processing. A novel on focal plane pixel summing (hyperpixel) technique will be used for the majority of the focal plane array in order to reduce output bandwidth, except in an electronically steerable fovea area where high resolution is required. |
| GROUP 16 RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
1523 Noble Road Rydal, PA 19046 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 886-5678
Warren A. Rosen, Ph.D. NAVY 98-038 |
| Title: | High-Performance Network Interface for Advanced Avionics Architectures |
| Abstract: | Group 16 Research and Development proposes to research and demonstrate the feasibility of developing new low-latency, high-throughput network interfacing elements that will permit next-generation avionics systems to exploit high-performance computing and communications in an efficient, scalable, portable, and interoperable manner with independence between applications and interconnects. The interfacing elements will consist of a novel hardware interface between the processor/memory bus and gigabit network, and lightweight channel software working with the hardware in support of distributed and parallel applications. The hardware interface will be designed to achieve on the order of processor-memory bandwidth or interconnect throughput, whichever is less, to support a high-performance commercial interconnect standard such as Scalable Coherent Interface, Fibre Channel, or Serial Express, and to support a high-performance processor architecture such as UltraSPARC, PowerPC, or Pentium-II. The software interface will be designed to provide lightweight communications, interoperability, and portability across message-passing and shared-memory, and support distributed and parallel processing mechanisms including CORBA-compatible object request brokering and POSIX-compatible, low-latency multithreading. A new and unique integrated simulation environment will be used to model the processor, network, and software architectures with high fidelity to match performance characteristics in order to achieve optimum throughput, latency, and system cost. |
| SILICON MOUNTAIN DESIGN, INC.
5055 Corporate Plaza Dr., Ste. 100 Colorado Springs, CO 80919 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 599-7700
David W. Gardner NAVY 98-039 |
| Title: | Imaging LADAR System with Ultra High Speed Range Acquisition |
| Abstract: | In the almost three decades since its inception, laser radar has progressed from cumbersome laboratory prototypes to reliable field systems. LADAR systems are currently based upon either a pulsed, time of flight measurement technique or a coherent detection scheme. Time of flight measurements systems are effective but suffer from limited spatial resolution and susceptibility to target camouflaging techniques. The coherent modulation technique offers many advantages including increased signal to noise ratio, simplified light sources and a higher immunity to multi-pulse camouflage methods. To date, the primary limitation to the coherent receiver concept is the availability of high speed, low noise detectors which offer a reasonable range, spatial and gray scale resolution. SMD proposes the development of an imaging LADAR that is capable of operating at 2,000,000 fps, and storing 16 images at 256 x 256 resolution. The detector and source are illuminated to form a coherent imaging LADAR system that measures range by modulation of both the source and intensifier gain. The sensor package can be fitted with a filter system to provide multi-spectral LADAR imagery for diverse applications including standard range measurements, atmospheric constituency information, and direct wind detection. |
| TERI RESEARCH, INC.
16 Wildhedge Lane Holmdel, NJ 07733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 219-0020
Benjamin Tirabassi NAVY 98-040 |
| Title: | Weapon System Operator Tactical Operation Aids |
| Abstract: | Develop the combined use of voice commands, tactical decision aids and cueing as a form of Tactical Decision Aids (TDAs) to increase weapon system operator performance in high work-load scenarios. The combined enhancements to a weapon system have the potential to significantly reduce operator workload while increasing the Weapon System Operator's (WSO's) ability to react and proact to potentially hazardous situations. Research is needed to: Determine the basic tactical functions to be employed using the voice recognition system; Determine the best cueing methods and under what circumstances they should be initiated; Determine the TDA's that should be developed and how they should be initiated and modified in real-time; Determine the enhancement of operational effectiveness feasible for mixed cues using new technologies. Seminal research will be continued in the determination of cueing operational effectiveness of the outer to inner ear transfer and the Head Referenced Transfer Function that is critical to the faithful 3-Dimensional (3-D) audio cueing human experience. A Natural Language Speech (NLS) recognition and synthesized speech interface will be matched to suitable tactical operations to demonstrate the effectiveness of this intuitive interface. Message annunciation, situation oratory, decision prompts, alerts and warnings are part of this significant speech supported TDA. Unique to the research is the investigation and utility of using WSO initiated voice commands for tactical software function initiation in conjunction with TDA's and operator cueing for high interest action and in critical situations. A natural language interface that supports human computer dialog for ready identification and remedy of critical situations will benefit from the combination of speech recognition, speech synthesis and 3-D audio technologies. Innovative knowledge management techniques will be used to convert the C2 situation information into decision relevant knowledge. These knowledge management tools are an innovative part of the TDA which can relay "know-how" to the WSO through the spoken dialog interface. |
| COMPOSITE OPTICS, INC.
9617 Distribution Avenue San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 621-5309
Jack Dyer NAVY 98-041 |
| Title: | Low Cost, Light Weight Optics for Improved Multi-Function EO Sensor Performance |
| Abstract: | Lighweight, stable, and stiff electro-optical sensor telescopes are required to increase performance and reduce life cycle costs of fixed wing, helicopter, ship, submarine, and man-portable tactical applications. The sensors provide color TV, NIR TV, laser ranging and designation, and MWIR plus LWIR imaging and tracking. The sensors must operate at multiple wavelengths through a common aperture and require wide field-of-view, all reflective, off-axis optics. The limitations in thermal stability, weight-savings and cost that are associated with current aluminum telescopes can be overcome by using carbon fiber reinforced composite material in con-junction with optical replication processes. The goal of this SBIR project is to significantly reduce the life cycle costs of sensors and improve their system performance and usefulness by introducing thermally stable, high stiffness, low density material. This goal will be addressed by designing, developing, manufacturing, and testing sample mirrors and a composite afocal telescope for LRAS3. Our plan is to install the new all-composite telescope in an existing LRAS3 electro-optical sensor, evaluate its performance, and directly compare it to the current diamond-turned aluminum reflective assembly. COI anticipates that the telescope will be considerably more stable thermally, lighter, optically comparable, and cost effective relative to the aluminum version. |
| RDA, INC.
P.O. Box 49 Doylestown, PA 18901 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 349-8083
Jon E. Dionne NAVY 98-042 |
| Title: | Environmentally Adaptable Detector/Classifier |
| Abstract: | Environmentally robust detection and classification aids are critical to the ASW search mission in order to assist in decision making and reduce operator workload. In future multi-static, multi-receiver search missions, the number of alerts is expected to increase dramatically. An operator will simply not have the time to manually analyze and classify all the target and clutter returns without an algorithm to assist him. The goal of this SBIR effort is to develop environmentally robust algorithms that significantly increase detection and the ability to discriminate target returns from clutter, and ultimately reduce the operator workload. Many past efforts have been all-or-nothing ventures. Either the operator does it all by himself, or the algorithm completely replaces him in his effort, or at best has no interaction with him. A major problem with previous automated systems is that when the classifiers are exposed to a new and unknown environment, they suffer a drastic performance degradation. The effort proposed here will capitalize on information extracted in situ from initial insonification of the search area. Techniques are proposed to identify those echo return features which best exploit the current mission operating environment. Operator tools are proposed which keep him in the loop, reduce classification workload, and allow him to process large amounts of detections simultaneously. |
| AMERICAN ELECTRONICS, INC.
8229 Boone Blvd., Suite 300 Vienna, VA 22182 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 883-0506
Dr. Patrick W. Johnson NAVY 98-043 |
| Title: | Advanced SAR Techniques at VHF (88-108 MHz) for Mine and Unexploded Ordnance Detection |
| Abstract: | Airborne SAR systems currently exist and are used for wide-area surveillance and ground mapping. The majority of deployed systems have frequencies (400 MHz-30 GHz) which, in most cases, cannot penetrate the soil to the depth required for detection of buried mines and unexploded ordnance. Lower frequencies are required for penetration of the ground. However, in the lower parts of the frequency spectrum, the techniques and waveforms currently used to achieve SAR across-track range resolution, such as pulse compression or impulse waveforms, create major sources of wide-band interference to other systems when the radar is transmitting. Conversely, all other emitters operating in these crowded frequency bands cause significant levels of interference to the SAR radar receiver. Amelex proposes to investigate new SAR system components and waveforms to generate an RF signal with sufficiently low frequwency to penetrate the ground and with the ability to achieve the across-track resolution required while reducing the EMI on both transmit and receive. |
| MATHSOFT, INC.
1700 Westlake Ave. N., Suite 500 Seattle, WA 98109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 283-8802
James Pitton NAVY 98-044 |
| Title: | Wavelet-Based Detection and Classification for Shallow-Water Impulsive-Source Sonar |
| Abstract: | In recent years the anti-submarine-warfare mission of the U. S. Navy has been expanded to include operations against stealthy, diesel-electric submarines operating in near-shore, shallow water regions of the world. Acoustic conditions in such regions are characterized by significant spatial and temporal variability. This variability reduces the performance of traditional sonar detection and classification algorithms. Impulsive-source active sonar systems can provide sufficient acoustic energy to detect these targets, but also produce significant clutter in a shallow--water environment. Detection of too many false targets can quickly overload sonar operators, so that true enemy targets are not detected and properly classified. Our proposed research will use a combination of wavelet and nonparametric bootstrap methods to achieve improved performance for detection and classification. Bootstrap methods allow one to adaptively estimate the underlying probability distribution of interference in the non--Gaussian colored-noise environment typical of shallow-water active sonar, and to set detection thresholds to maintain a desired false alarm rate. Subsequent target classification will be performed using wavelet representations of the sonar echoes, taking advantage of the time--frequency structure of targets and clutter. These representations may be combined with existing discriminant analysis methods. This work will demonstrate the feasibility of these techniques for sonar target detection and guide our phase II development of improved methods for detecting and classifying targets in the presence of clutter. |
| SCHAFER CORP.
321 Billerica Road Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 256-2070
Dr. Robert K. Tyson NAVY 98-045 |
| Title: | Low-cost Micromachined Adaptive Optics Systems |
| Abstract: | The "Low-cost, Micromachined Adaptive Optics Systems" SBIR program provides a path for bringing an innovative new technology to enhance tactical electro-optical systems such as laser designators, ladar, and infrared countermeasures. Schafer Corporation recently completed analyses for the Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division that show the benefits of low-cost, low-weight, low-power-consumption micro-electrical-mechanical (MEM) adaptive optics in supporting Navy missions. Under the proposed effort, Schafer will design a lightweight, low-cost closed loop adaptive optics system which will have an integrated wavefront sensor, signal processor, and deformable mirror. MEM adaptive optics have weight and power characteristics that are two orders-of-magnitude less than conventional discrete actuator deformable mirrors. We will use the patented comb-drive MEM deformable mirror technology developed by our team member, SY Technology, Inc. Although some of the missions that were studied in the NAVAIR program will be considered in this SBIR, our emphasis here will be on MEM adaptive optics system design and assessment of the wavefront beacon concept, rather than a mission performance analysis. Schafer Corporation intends to have the technology developed and fully tested in time to impact the design of 21st Century tactical EO systems as well as supporting commercial applications in medicine, communications, and astronomy. |
| DEVELOSOFT CORP.
1630 30th Street, Suite 121 Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 544-1978
Mark Yager NAVY 98-046 |
| Title: | A Modular Real-Time Tracking System |
| Abstract: | We will develop a concept for locating, identifying, and tracking carrier embarked aircraft with: - no modifications to aircraft; - existing and new video cameras; and - advanced techniques for image recognition, sensor fusion, and tracking. Team member Ball Aerospace will develop a modular concept for existing and new video equipment for day/night, all weather, high clutter, and high interference conditions. Ball's sophisticated imaging models will simulate scenes under user specified lighting and environmental conditions, and camera characteristics. DeveloSoft's proprietary techniques for locating and identifying military targets from visible, infra-red, radar, and LIDAR imagery enably real time object identification in day, night, all weather, high clutter, and high interference. Due to their accuracy and speed they are being commercialized into new products for the blind/visually impaired and satellite systems. These techniques will be designed and tested in Phase I on Ball's simulated scenery. Finally, COTS equipment will be identified that meets EATS functional requirements. |
| SCIENTIFIC SOLUTIONS, INC.
22 High Street Medford, MA 02155 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 395-2344
Robert Kerr NAVY 98-047 |
| Title: | Passive Target Velocity Measurement System |
| Abstract: | This project characterizes and designs a sensor able to measure passive airglow reflections in a wide-field to detect anomalous velocity enhancements - the "PAR-WAVE" sensor. These velocity enhancements are caused by reflections of airglow emission features from fast moving objects. To achieve the required fast spectral integration, durability, and background rejection, the system features solid-state Fabry-Perot etalons using electronically tunable liquid crystals to achieve spectral line profile scanning. The feasibility of the proposed three-etalon system is evaluated by testing the transmission and spectral resolution capabilities of existing liquid crystal etalons, and by measurements of candidate airglow features using a conventional air-gap Fabry-Perot interferometer. The Phase I project delivers an optical and mechanical design balancing the field-of-view, spectral resolution, and sensitivity parameters into a device best suited for covert velocity detection in a cluttered atmospheric or littoral environment. The mechanical design permits selection of 2 - 4 spectral features depending on the field conditions, and permits two or three etalon operation optimizing throughput to daytime or nighttime background conditions. Laboratory and field-testing of extant, high spectral resolution liquid crystal etalons is a central feature of the Phase I initiative, permitting expeditious fabrication of a PAR-WAVE prototype in Phase II. |
| UBIQUITY COMMUNICATION, INC.
1318 Redwood Way, Suite 220 Petaluma, CA 94954 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(707) 792-5390
Mr. Joseph J. Tavormina NAVY 98-048 |
| Title: | High Bandwidth, Secure, Portable Wireless LAN |
| Abstract: | An artful technical approach for achieving reliable >32 Mbps wireless transfer of integrated data, voice and video information is proposed. The technical approach utilizes 48 octet fast pack transport similar to as in ATM. The proposed wireless system provides network connectivity using legacy network interface standards (i.e. Ethernet, T1/E1, etc.) as well as through emerging network interface standards (i.e. ATM, SDH, etc.). To achieve high data rates, an artful solution to multipath propagation and its associated intersymbol interference is proposed. Novel waveform shaping techniques are utilized to gain spectral efficiency and highly linear modulators are used to prevent spectral blooming. Artful technical approaches are proposed to increase battery life (for a given throughput) by one or two orders of magnitude compared to presently available cellular telephones or 802.11 wireless LAN products. The use of a deterministic media access controller ensures low-latency (6 milliseconds) within the system and guarantees quality of service for the users of the system. |
| I-COMM ENGINEERING CORP.
111M Carpenter Drive Sterling, VA 20164 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 481-9696
David L. Hipkins NAVY 98-049 |
| Title: | Portable IFF Situation Display |
| Abstract: | For safety of operation, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle personnel require a Situation Display that shows the position of the UAV and other aircraft in the area. For field operations the system must be manportable. The cost of the system must be affordable for this purpose. I-Comm, in cooperation with its partner Allied Signal Aerospace, has outlined a comprehensive Phase I project that will develop a Situation Display that is suitable for use by UAV operators in a field environment. The team has selected an existing interrogator/processor for the system and has identified a number of small commercial phased array antennas that may be adapted to meet the operational requirements. The major part of this effort addresses antenna selection, evaluation, and adaptation to meet the required operational capabilities and interface to the existing interrogator/processor. Additionally, modifications to existing software for display of the desired information on a laptop PC will be determined. The system configuration will allow augmentation for enhanced future capabilities. |
| DIGITAL INTERFACE SYSTEMS, INC.
241 FEDERAL PLAZA WEST YOUNGSTOWN, OH 44503 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(330) 743-1987
LEE O. KAREEM NAVY 98-051 |
| Title: | ELECTRONIC SCHEMATIC ARCHIVE |
| Abstract: | Digital Interface Systems, Inc. (DIS), proposes to develop a methodology to automate the archival of electronic schematics in electronic format that is compatible to the Department of Defense (DoD) Automatic Test Systems (ATS) Computer Aided Design (CAD) database standards. DIS proposes two steps to develop the process as required in the description of this Solicitation: under the Phase I of this proposal, the first step is to convert all schematic drawings, hand scribbles and other unconventionally documented means to electronic format by first scanning the documents into an adequately specified PC, then with adequately specified CAD Software, convert the raster format into a vector format, with an appropriately developed front end database; the second step is to device a method to automatically simulate the vectorized format, by applying electronic design automation method of design entry, logic synthesis, design verification and testing, within the platform of hardware descriptive language environment of VHDL or Verilog. |
| SURFACE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
207 Big Springs Avenue, P.O. Box 370 Tullahoma, TN 37388 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 828-5914
Michael A. Riley NAVY 98-052 |
| Title: | Repair Technique for Electroplated Surfaces |
| Abstract: | A newly demonstrated technology (patent pending) provides a unique solution to repair of electroplated and other surfaces. The repair process permits the use of a wide variety of repair metals/alloys, is environmentally friendly, requires little/no cleaning of the breached surface, and can be applied in the depot or field (no special environment required) over many electroplate or other material surfaces. This replacement for electroplating is called Laser Induced Surface Improvement (LISI). Two years of laboratory development/testing have fully demonstrated its ability to produce a corrosion-resistant surface free from porosity and cracks. LISI can process hard-to-reach surfaces with laser energy transmitted via fiber-optic cable. The process can be used for touch-up of small areas or can process up to 50 sq. ft./hour with a 3 kw YAG laser. Further, the molecular bond of the repaired surface alloy resists all attempts at delamination or peeling and can accommodate a wide range of temperatures (coefficients of expansion). The result is a permanent thin layer of protective material (10 to 1000 microns with depth determined by controlled operating parameters). Phase I will demonstrate the applicability of several repair alloy formulations, investigate the integrity of the repair, and examine any effluents from the process. |
| QUINCY STREET CORP.
2920 E. Camelback Rd., #200 Phoenix, AZ 85016 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(602) 381-0096
Walter O. Bailey NAVY 98-053 |
| Title: | Automatic Test System (ATS) Analysis and Configuration Management Tool |
| Abstract: | The overall objective of this project is to develop an easy to use, reliable toolset to match test requirements to test equipment. The matching criteria will be developed by utilizing ABBET test foundation framework concepts. The requirements and capabilities for the test process and equipment wlll be defined in terms of signals. In the case of test equipment, additional information concerning its operations also will be included. A method will be defined to analyze and catagorize signal definition parameters, database requirements and required set of rules. |
| ISERA GROUP
5370 Hollister Ave. #5 Santa Barbara, CA 93111 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 967-3820
Richard Reeves NAVY 98-054 |
| Title: | A Simulation Tool for Forecasting Training Throughput and Resource Support Requirements |
| Abstract: | The major objective of this Phase I research proposal is to determine the feasibility of designing a computer-based decision support system that can be used to help provide effective and efficient planning of the training enterprise in terms of both demand and training resources. The main problem is to determine how to effectively forecast course demand and estimate the resources needed to support that demand. This work will identify the main features of the problem as well as determine how such a problem might best be solved. A functional description of the proposed approach will be produced and specific software languages and tools will be recommended as a basis for potential software development in Phase II. |
| INTELLIGENT DECISION SYSTEMS, INC.
4717B Eisenhower Avenue Alexandria, VA 22304 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 823-7936
Marcia N. Murawski NAVY 98-055 |
| Title: | Decision Support Conversion System |
| Abstract: | Intelligent Decision Systems, Inc. (IDSI) proposes to identify and define the parameters for a web-based decision support conversion system that will lead to the reuse and integration of existing instructional components to reduce the cost and lead time of developing, revising, and maintaining computer-based training systems (CBT). This conversion system will be designed to include the decision "tree" for identifying the feasibility of cost saving factors, the structure for locating existing media elements, and the possibility of the whole conversion system being web-based. This research addresses conversion of existing training assets into a dual use scenario through the use of a decision model that leads to a conclusion concerning conversion potential and availability of the asset. This will be accomplished through determining feasibility of implementing cost cutting strategies (e.g., a reuse strategy of graphics and other critical media elements to cut the costs of CBT development). A strategy for storage and retrieval of media elements along with identification of requirements for establishing the conversion system on the web. A proof of concept for applying the conversion system to development as well as revision of existing courseware will be provided. |
| ONTAR CORP.
9 Village Way North Andover, MA 01845 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-9622
Dr. John Schroeder NAVY 98-056 |
| Title: | Helicopter Weapon System Evaluation |
| Abstract: | In this proposal we will extend a simulation techinique we used in cooperation with P&P Services of Moldova to produce the KONKRUS-TM trainer. Both the KONKRUS-TM trainer and the ASW helicopter have similar requirements. Each has a set of sensor and weapons systems which need to be emulated in an integrated environment. The proposed program will accomplish this by making each sensor and weapon system a component within a well designed interface. Java Beans meets the component requirements of the proposed software task and will be used to produce generic weapons and sensor models. |
| ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGIES, INC.
6075 River Forest Rd. Manassas, VA 22111 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 258-9490
Dr Raye Newmen NAVY 98-057 |
| Title: | Naval Education Training Support System (NETSS) |
| Abstract: | The Naval Education Training Support System (NETSS) is a networked, computer based, education deliver system. NETSS features a high bandwidth ATM based LAN, student Network Computers, and an Instructor Works Station which the distribution of whiteboard, and multimedia based audio and video training. NETSS also uses a Java based operating system and hybrid DVD-ROMs, allowing the updating of curricula both within the schoolhouse and in field units. Lastly, NETSS can deliver videoconferencing and tele-training |
| CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP.
727 Airport Blvd. Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 668-2567
Charles J. Jacobus, PhD NAVY 98-058 |
| Title: | Content Addressable Graphics, Image and Video Retrieval Systems |
| Abstract: | This proposal addresses development of a distributed image oriented storage and indexing architecture for building content searchable image databases (containing test, graphics, images, and digitize video). This is particularly difficult because computer vision has yet to solve the shape recognition problem which encompasses both text type and object type entities. Also, since substantial computation must be done to match image contents, substantial responsibility for the process must be delegated to the image archival engine (or in fact engines, because balancing data stored with computational elements is very important in this application as compared to more traditional text-oriented indexing and searching). In Cybernet's Phase I effort we will prototype a single node of the search engine and associated browser. Later we will scale the prototype product up for full scale Navy use. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
1660 South Amphlett Boulevard, Suite 350 San Mateo, CA 94402 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 655-7242
Richard H. Stottler NAVY 98-059 |
| Title: | Semi-Automated Part-Task Trainer Prototype Development Environment |
| Abstract: | In phase I, we will investigate the use of Object Oriented technology and Computer Based Training (CBT) for the development of an extensible, visual, rapid prototyping environment for prototyping distributed, secure, part-task trainers. It is believed that through the use of a component model, a distributed object model, a portable programming language, a rule-based knowledge-base, and simulation and scenario based Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) authoring utilities, such an environment can be realized. A well designed component model would make an extensible visual development environment possible. Portability can be achieved through the use of a highly portable programming language. Distribution can be achieved through a standard distributed object model. A rule and case based Expert System can be integrated into the system for the semi-automation of the prototype design process. Utilities for developing simulation and scenario based ITS's will further expedite the prototype development process. A small proof-of-concept prototype will be developed to accompany this research. |
| MULTIGEN, INC.
550 S. Winchester Blvd., Suite 500 San Jose, CA 95128 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 367-2653
Nelson Iwai NAVY 98-060 |
| Title: | New Techniques for Compiling Multiresolution Terrain Representations |
| Abstract: | MultiGen proposes to investigate innovative multi-resolution terrain database MultiGen proposes to investigate innovative multi-resolution terrain database databases using commercially available Database Management Software, Project Management software to control the source data and the automation of the virtual environment compilation process, the use of dynamic library replacement to allow third party modification of the database compilation, automated extraction of database cultural features from imagery. Other areas of investigation will include database cultural features from imagery. Other areas of investigation will include and ease of use in generating databases, the interchange of databases between different simulators, interoperability between simulators of different database resolution, and database verification, validation and accreditation. The anticipated result of the proposed investigation is a design for an efficient set of algorithms, libraries and software tools that will enable users unskilled in simulation terrain databases to produce multiple resolution terrain representations. The design will effectively support force representation simulations that will be created more efficiently, with less cost, skill, time and at higher fidelity than can currently be acheived. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Ste 103, E&P Division Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Stephen A. Kupiec, Ph.D. NAVY 98-061 |
| Title: | Eye Tracker Using Bug Eye Orientation Sensor and Fuzzy Metrology |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes a new and innovative method of eye tracking, incorporating an Inverse Bug Eye Orientation System (IBEOS) in conjunction with fuzzy metrology to determine the orientation of an observer's eye. This eye tracking system can be applied directly to a virtual reality training system to determine the image resolution requirement so as to adjust the VR processing speed. In the proposed system, an invisible IR point source created by an optical fiber tip in front of the observer's eye creates a virtual image through Fresnel reflection from the cornea. Eye movement causes the virtual image of the point source to move. The IBEOS simply and rapidly determines the direction of the point virtual image of the light, and hence the orientation of the eye. The system is optical, and therefore immune to EMI and RFI. The BIEOS system is redundant, robust, and easily calibrated, so that it requires no operator training. The use of fuzzy metrology minimizes the influence of stray ambient light. The system can be installed in most environments (including vehicles) without modification. |
| AP MATERIALS, INC.
7918 Gannon Ave. St. Louis, MO 63130 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(314) 935-6179
Douglas P. DuFaux NAVY 98-062 |
| Title: | Aluminum-Nitride Infrared Window Materials for High Heat Load Applications |
| Abstract: | Feasibility of fabricating IR window materials from aluminum nitride (AlN) will be demonstrated. Aluminum nitride windows are sought as replacements for sapphire windows on high speed seeker missiles because of their higher thermal shock resistance. Our approach is to consolidate high-purity ultrafine powders of AlN to obtain a nanocrystalline window. Small grain size is expected to minimize IR scattering, and preliminary data suggest this is the case. Theoretical estimates show that a grain size of 200 nm should yield high thermal conductivity and IR transparency. A novel aspect of this work is a flame synthesis process for producing ultrafine AlN powders encapsulated in a removable coating material to ensure that they retain their purity until consolidation. This sodium/halide flame and encapsulation technology is easily scaleable and the powders produced are unagglomerated and low in oxygen. We will also employ a novel consolidation process that sequentially removes the encapsulation material (sodium chloride) prior to vacuum hot pressing so that AlN powders are never directly exposed to atmosphere. For this program, ultrafine AlN powders will be synthesized and consolidated into 1 mm thick disks. Both powder and compacts will be characterized for IR transmission, elemental composition and crystal phases to determine the feasibility of using such materials for infrared transparent windows. |
| SIENNA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
19501 144th Avenue NE, Suite F-500 Woodinville, WA 98072 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 485-7272
Dr. Ender Savrun NAVY 98-063 |
| Title: | Electrically Conductive Hard Coatings for Aircraft and Missile Domes |
| Abstract: | Current IR systems are extremely susceptible to electromagnetic and radio frequency interference (EM/RFI) because they possess large apertures that present ideal front-door entry paths for EM radiation. Significant amounts of EM radiation (400 MHz - 18 GHz) can penetrate and couple to the IR sensor and supporting electronics, which leads to a substantial degradation in systems performance. EMI protection is critical to the survivability of the IR system and the system host (e.g., aircraft, satellite). Sienna Technologies, Inc., will investigate electrically conductive ceramics as erosion resistant EMI/RFI protective coatings for IR windows and radomes. We will deposit selected materials as continous film coatings by RF sputtering and study their shielding capability and IR optical transparency. Several compositions with different stoichiometries will be sputtered on window materials and heat treated. Resulting microstructures and sheet resistivities, optical transmission, and erosion resistance will be evaluated as a function of the composition and heat-treatment parameters. Deposition processes will be optimized to prepare test windows. Prepared windows will be tested for EM attenuation, IR transmission, and erosion resistance. |
| BIHRLE APPLIED RESEARCH, INC.
18 Research Drive Hampton, VA 23666 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 766-2416
Bruce D. Silberman NAVY 98-064 |
| Title: | High-Fidelity UCAV Simulation Station |
| Abstract: | The Uninhabited Combat Air Vehicle (UCAV) is a new and promising multi-role and multi-mission system concept currently under development and evaluation by the armed forces. Similar to current generation of weapon systems, simulation of the UCAV mission profile will undoubtedly be an essential part of the system development process. Further, the rapid pace of their development and the evolution of various UCAV applications stress the need for expeditious optimization of air-to-air and surface attack tactical options in realistic combat scenarios using high-fidelity yet low-cost simulators. Advances in high-speed computer systems allow realistic simulation and assessment of many aspects of UCAV system, ranging from flight dynamics, ingress/egress profiles, sensor effectiveness, weapon tactics, and multi-vehicle coordination schemes. Furthermore, the maturity in personal computer (PC) systems makes them ideal for preliminary evaluations of UCAV systems previously addressable only by complex and expensive dome simulators. The proposed effort will further expand the application of offeror's current six-degree of freedom high-fidelity simulation capabilities on the PC's and provide Navy the unique capability to cost-effectively simulate and test UCAV air-to-air and surface attack maneuvering tactics and control paradigms in realistic combat scenarios. This submittal proposes to use a PC-based commercial off-the-shelf simulation environment, D-Six, developed under Air Force SBIR by the offeror, as the basis for the development of the UCAV simulation platform. The system will be leveraged by the many embedded development, analysis and networking features, significantly reducing the time and cost required for research, testing, demonstration and evolution of a viable multi-vehicle simulation platform. |
| SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
13766 S. Hawthorne Blvd. Hawthorne, CA 90250 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 679-2281
Peter M. Thompson NAVY 98-065 |
| Title: | Accelerometer-Based Multi-Sensor INS |
| Abstract: | Inertial navigation systems for airborne applications use three axis accelerometers and three axis rate gyros, and in many cases additional inputs using GPS and other sensors. The objective of the proposed work is to replace the expensive rate gyros with rate estimates based on multiple low-cost accelerometers. The error characteristics of the accelerometers, chiefly the bias stability and broadband noise, limit the accuracy and hence the application of the resulting accelerometer-based multi-sensor inertial navigation systems (AMS-INS). The technical challenges are first to predict the fundamental limitations using detailed error analysis, and then to design the hardware and embedded software algorithms needed to maximize the available performance. The proposed algorithms include robust statistical estimation, online identification of bias error terms using Kalman filtering or neural networks, and self-initialization of the rate estimates using measurements of centripetal acceleration. The Phase I effort will include a simulation test bed for AMS-INS development, single axis measurements, and both analytical and Monte Carlo error analyses. A hardware and real-time software design using 15 accelerometers, temperature sensor, and an embedded DSP controller will be performed in the Phase I Option. |
| DE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3620 Horizon Drive King of Prussia, PA 19406 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 270-9900
Dr. William Flis NAVY 98-066 |
| Title: | Shaped Charge Warhead Effectiveness Simulation Package |
| Abstract: | We proposed to develop a personal-computer-based toolbox for the development of shaped-charge warheads. Given a shaped-charge configuration, this integrated set of analytical codes will predict the characteristics of the projected jet and its penetration and lethality performance in attaching complex armor systems and other targets containing modern countermeasures. At any stage of the analysis, warhead test data may be introduced for comparison or as the basis for subsequent analysis. In addition, a geometrical description of the warhead and armor system may be output in propoer format for hydrocode analysis. Predicted jet positions and penetrations will asist in the interactive preparation of warhead test plans. The toolbox will be integrated within a seamless, easy-to-use graphical user interface in a Windows-95 environment. |
| ADVENT SYSTEMS, INC.
355 Ravendale Drive Mountain View, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 961-9400
Ralph O. Schmidt NAVY 98-067 |
| Title: | Wideband Fine Frequency Measurement |
| Abstract: | This proposal addresses Phase I of a multi-phase effort to develop advanced frequency-measuring equipment for use in ESM and ECM systems. Wide instantaneous bandwidth, fast response, and ability to handle overlapping signals are receiver requirements that reflect the increasing sophistication of hostile radars as well as today's dense signal environments. Currently available Instantaneous Frequency Measurement Receivers (IFMR) have the desired instantaneous bandwidth and fast response, and are relatively small and lightweight. However, they lack one key characteristic: they cannot determine the frequencies of two or more simultaneous signals. The proposed effort is designed to eliminate this restriction and to provide IFMRs with multi-signal measuring capabilities. Phase I will be based on the MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm developed by the Chief Investigator and on his US patent that showed how the algorithm can be used with an IFMR of novel design to measure the frequencies of simultaneous input signals. An experimental IFMR with appropriate characteristics is available for this project. During Phase I we propose to do extensive testing to validate our analytical work and to investigate the effects of parameter variations and of RF or IF limiters. |
| AURORA ASSOC.
3350 Scott Boulevard, Building 20 Santa Clara, CA 95054 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 748-2960
Edward T. Gill NAVY 98-067 |
| Title: | Wideband Fine Frequency Measurement |
| Abstract: | Rapid unambiguous signal analysis of the electromagnetic spectrum by tactical ESM and ECM systems has become progressively more challenging due to the proliferation of high duty cycle radars which produce multiple simultaneous signals at the target platform. Severe problems arise when the band-of-interest contains a large number of signals of different amplitudes and types of modulation; the difficulties are compounded if the signals are pulses of relatively short duration. Most of the threat parameters used for sorting can now be changed on a pulse-by-pulse basis and the frequency of a signal may even be shifted or spread within a pulse. This Phase I effort addresses the development of a receiver which has an enhanced capability for measuring the frequency in high signal density environments in addition to the other key parameters (PW, PRI, and potentially AOA) that significantly upgrade overall system performance. Acousto-optic-based channelized receiver technology is a prime candidate for consideration. The major advantage of threat analysis using acousto-optic Bragg diffraction is the inherent capability for wideband spectrum analysis on a real-time, wide-open basis with good frequency resolution. The proposed effort will examine candidate AO-based architectures and develop a demonstration breadboard. |
| INTERSPACE, INC.
P.O. Box 7206 Gaithersburg, MD 20898 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 990-1868
Matthew Price NAVY 98-067 |
| Title: | Direct RF Signal Measurements using Digital Signal Processing |
| Abstract: | InterSpace, Inc. proposes to design an instrument to directly measure Radio Frequency (RF) signal parameters using Digital Signal Processing (DSP) techniques. The proposed method will directly yield frequency and relative phase and amplitude measurements of broadband mutlispectral signals. Recent introductions of digitizers and processors, operating at GHz bandwidths have the potential to make this approach feasible. InterSpace, Inc. has developed several proprietary algorithms that can instantaneously measure closely spaced frequencies. These techniques have the advantage of low latency measurements useful for tracking signals and measuring signal jitter. |
| ORINCON
9363 Towne Centre Dr. San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 455-5530
Dr. S. Lawrence Marple, J NAVY 98-067 |
| Title: | Wideband Fine Frequency Measurement (FFM) by Pipelined Digital FFT Apparatus |
| Abstract: | Recently available commercial digital chip technology makes it possible to offer NRL a digital fine frequency measurement (FFM) spectral analyzer design based on the fast Fourier transform (FFT) that meets or exceeds the measurement specifications posed by this SBIR topic. A VME card-based configuration is proposed that performs a 500-MHz bandwidth analysis with a 90-dB dynamic range, a 2-microsecond analysis time (throughput latency), a frequency resolution 1/1 024 of the analysis bandwidth (488 KHz), and a pipelined arrangement that permits a new FFT to be started every 0.5 microseconds (sustained 10 mega-pulses-per-second throughput). This 500-MHz analyzer is estimated to fit on four 6U VME cards using a combination of two unique VME card designs in its un-pipelined configuration (.5 Mpps throughput) or twenty VME cards in its pipeline configuration (10 Mpps throughput). The design concept can be arranged in a second configuration that performs a 1-GHz bandwidth analysis, which is estimated to fit on eight 6U VME cards using a different combination of the two VME card designs. A digital design offers several advantages over analog power spectral analyzer designs, such as acoustooptical approaches, including stability, no need for calibration, and additional analysis output such as the phase spectrum (which is not produced by analog designs). |
| ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
P.O. Box 24344 Minneapolis, MN 55424 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(612) 935-2035
Jordan C. Bonney NAVY 98-068 |
| Title: | High-Bandwidth GBS-Based Software Download System |
| Abstract: | Current methods of software deployment for shipboard computing assets are slow and exceedingly expensive. In the past, the lack of low-cost, global, high-bandwidth digital communications mandated the manual transportation of physical media to individual ships. With the emergence of the Global Broadcast Service (GBS), there is an opportunity to realize substantial cost savings by automating the software-distribution process while significantly reducing deployment time. This proposal suggests a secure, efficient system for end-to-end software distribution between a land-based software support agency and shipboard computing assets using GBS; this system is known as the satellite IP-based high-bandwidth software distribution system (SIPHON). |
| MCCREARY RESEARCH, INC.
4040 Blackburn Lane, Suite 110 Burtonsville, MD 20866 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 421-1249
Dr. Terrence J. McCreary NAVY 98-068 |
| Title: | Real Time Software Upload/Download via Satellite |
| Abstract: | Recent advances in very small aperture terminal (VSAT) satellite broadcast systems may provide the impetus for the development of an automated software distribution system. Through the use of a direct broadcast satellite service, the Navy can deal with the upgrade issue in an efficient manner. The new system can be easy to use and maintain, can support both current and emerging shipboard systems, and will ease the Navy's logistics burden for software and associated documentation. |
| SYNETICS, INC.
16539 Commerce Drive Suite 10 King George, VA 22485 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 663-2137
Stephen T. Marple NAVY 98-068 |
| Title: | Real Time Software Upload/Download via Satellite |
| Abstract: | Delivery and installation of software onto Navy platforms typically requires that an installation team travels to the site and physically accesses the target computer system. In an environment of smaller budgets, this expensive and time-consuming process has become impractical. The Navy needs a system whereby a Software Support Agency (SSA) can transfer software directly from its offices to shipboard computers, regardless of the ship's location. SYNETICS proposes to satisfy this need by designing a General-purpose, Automated Delivery, Installation, and Validation (GADIVA) tool that will support the Configuration Management (CM) processes of both the SSA and the ship. SYNETICS will use an existing satellite link to the ship while targeting the more accessible Global Broadcasting System (GBS), available within the next couple of years. SSA-resident GADIVA will transmit an encrypted and verifiable software package that is archived by the shipboard GADIVA for installation under ship's control. Installation will be a cooperative effort between the target computer system and the shipboard GADIVA. SSA CM databases will be available through GADIVA using Relational Data Base Management System (RDBMS)-based Internet browser technology, allowing remote database queries, software requests, and delivery/installation status reporting. These capabilities will make GADIVA an effective delivery tool for diverse programs. |
| MSNW, INC.
P.O. Box 865 San Marcos, CA 92079 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(330) 655-0839
Dr. Robert J. Price NAVY 98-069 |
| Title: | LOW-COST COMPOSITION GRADIENT MATERIALS FOR UNCOOLED ROCKET NOZZLES |
| Abstract: | The proposed Phase I project will examine low cost, low density composition gradient materials for zero-erosion rocket nozzles for use at the extreme temperatures encountered with aluminized propellants. The materials system consists of a C fiber-reinforced HfC matrix composite substrate overcoated or infiltrated with WC and finally coated with high purity W metal. Cylindrical geometry substrates will be produced via liquid infiltration/pyrolysis techniques. Surface layers will be produced by chemical vapor deposition on the inside of the cylinder using an existing apparatus. Screening tests will be performed to verify physical and mechanical properties. Specimens for erosion testing will be provided to the sponsor. Analytical studies of environmental effects on the composition gradient materials and self-degradation reactions such as C transport will support the experimental studies. In an optional task, C-HfC nozzle substrate material will be coated with Re instead of W. |
| ULTRAMET
12173 Montague Street Pacoima, CA 91331 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 899-0236
Arthur J. Fortini, Ph.D. NAVY 98-069 |
| Title: | Lightweight Non-Eroding Throat Assembly for Solid Rocket Motors |
| Abstract: | Solid rocket motors are used extensively in commercial, government, and military applications. The flame temperatures produced by these motors can exceed 3315°C (6000°F). Unfortunately, this temperature is well above the melting point of most materials, leaving only a select few from which solid rocket motor throats can be fabricated. In current throat designs, throat erosion is an accepted reality. In the proposed project, Ultramet will fabricate a non-eroding throat assembly by combining a tungsten inner wall with an innovative heat removal mechanism based on open-cell tungsten foam. The heat removal system will be entirely passive, and will be capable of restricting the tungsten inner wall temperature to a sufficiently low level to avoid erosion. |
| MISSION RESEARCH CORP.
735 State Street Santa Barbara, CA 93101 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 429-9261
Dr. John Burke NAVY 98-070 |
| Title: | Active Antenna Design Concept Using Microwave Power Modules |
| Abstract: | The design of a phased array antenna to be integrated with Microwave Power Module (MPM) is proposed. The array will be scan compensated to maximize the scan volume. It will consist of dipole radiators, balanced feed lines, a planar Marchand balun. The array, not including the microwave power modules, will be very thin (approximately 1 inch). |
| TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP.
11400 W. Olympic Blvd. Los Angeles, CA 90064 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 954-2200
Mr. Carl J. Furchner NAVY 98-070 |
| Title: | Phased Array Design With Power Modules |
| Abstract: | The Navy has an objective to develope technology for active phased arrays where the transmitter source utilizes Microwave Power Modules (MPMs). The use of MPM-driven phased arrays offers the potential of eliminating cooling (required by most active solid-state T/R modules), and reducing weight, size and cost. TSC proposes a design architecture approach tha can efficiently implement the distribution of the MPM power output over selected apertures, or portions of an aperture. Tradeoffs and analyses will be directed toward the design of an MPM-driven phased array for the Navy's Cooperative Engagement Capability (CEC) antenna. The end result of the Phase I effort will be a feasibility assessment based on the estimated performance, weight, size, and cost of the selected MPM phased array design. Also, Phase II plans for the fabrication and demonstration of the MPM-driven antenna will be provided at the end of Phase I. |
| OPTIMAL SYNTHESIS
450 San Antonio Road, Suite 46 Palo Alto, CA 94306 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 494-7569
Dr. P. K. Menon NAVY 98-071 |
| Title: | Robust Target State Estimation Using Adaptive Maneuver Models |
| Abstract: | Improvements in homing guidance laws and high performance autopilots are expected to enable the interception of fast, maneuvering, stealthy targets. However, the full potential of these systems can only be realized if the target states can be accurately estimated. Traditional methods for target state estimation using Kalman filters based on white-noise driven models may not be able to deliver the accuracies required to achieve hit-to-kill capabilities. This proposal advances a target state estimator incorporating an adaptive maneuver logic system. Using the seeker measurements, and a transformed model of the target, the proposed estimator will determine the target maneuver strategies on-line while generating accurate state estimates. Phase I research will establish the feasibility of the proposed target state estimator, and compare its performance with a conventional Kalman filter-based target state estimator. This evaluation will be carried out using a six degrees-of-freedom missile simulation incorporating a high performance autopilot and an advanced differential game-based homing guidance law. Phase II work will focus on developing a target state estimator for the Navy Standard missile, evaluation in several different scenarios of interest to the Navy and on developing code for real-time, on-board implementation of the target state estimator. |
| SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS COMPANY, INC.
500 West Cummings Park, Suite 3000 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 933-5355
Raman K. Mehra / Constant NAVY 98-071 |
| Title: | Robust Adaptive Target State Estimation for Missile Guidance using Interactive Multiple Model Kalman Filter |
| Abstract: | The accuracy and robustness of target state estimators to target maneuvers and varying target characteristics have been one of the limiting factors to improving the interceptor's terminal performance and direct hit capability. This effort will examine techniques to improve the accuracy of the onboard target state estimators, and thereby improve the miss distance performance of homing interceptors. The solution proposed here to improve tracking performance is based on the Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) Kalman filter estimator which has been used successfully by Scientific Systems for ship-board radar target tracking of highly maneuvering targets under ECM and clutter conditions. The IMM Kalman filter can handle target maneuvers with a significantly smaller estimation error and track loss rate compared to a single Kalman filter. The IMM-KF has proven to be robust and extremely fast in maneuver detection. We will consider both active and passive tracking of targets by the interceptor. The active tracking problem is similar to the one considered earlier, but the passive or semi-active LOS tracking problem is non-linear and poorly observable. We will use an approach by Jauffret and Pillon (1996) to linearize the measurement equation, and investigate the effects of using an accurate initial position estimate obtained by a radar. We will also investigate the use of sparse active measurements and their effect on the tracking performance. The combined performance of an Adavance Guidance Law (AGL) and IMM-KF algorithm will be evaluated using the simulation of a navy interceptor missile. Prof. Y. Bar-Shalom, a leading authority in the field of estimation and target tracking and one of the developers of the IMM-KF algorithm will provide support to the project as a consultant. |
| TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP.
962 Wayne Avenue, Suite 800 Silver Spring, MD 20910 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 565-2970
Ronald E. Helmick NAVY 98-071 |
| Title: | Robust Adaptive Target State Estimation for Missile Guidance |
| Abstract: | Interceptor missiles have traditionally used PN (Proportional Navigation) for terminal homing guidance. However, modern threats have become faster, more stealthy, and more maneuverable. Terminal homing missile performance requirements have also become more stringent, such as for direct-hit capability. These requirements have led to the development of newer guidance laws to improve terminal homing performance. These newer guidance laws typically use additional information (e.g., target acceleration) not required for PN. The state estimators providing this information must produce accurate estimates, otherwise the performance of the newer guidance laws can degrade to the point where there performance is worse than conventional PN guidance. The accuracy and robustness of the state estimators have been some of the limiting factors for improving terminal homing performance via the use of newer guidance laws. TSC is proposing the development of robust and adaptive state estimators based on the Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) algorithm for use in onboard terminal homing guidance. The IMM algorithm is a self-adjusting variable bandwidth filter, which makes it robust and adaptive to target maneuvers. TSC will develop a six degree-of-freedom missile simulation, develop the IMM estimators, implement a newer guidance law utilizing these state estimates, and conduct a series of Monte Carlo simulations to quantify the performances of the IMM estimators against various types of targets and maneuvers. |
| APPLIED RESEARCH ASSOC., INC.
4300 San Mateo Blvd, NE, Suite Albuquerque, NM 87110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 876-0018
Peter H. Mills NAVY 98-072 |
| Title: | Real-Time and Fault-Tolerant Open Architecture for Combat Systems |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a layered real-time and fault-tolerant CORBA-based software architecture as a means to realizing an open standards-based middleware for Naval combat systems. The key features of our approach are (1) a low-level interface to a distributed network infrastructure consisting of an integrated real-time and fault-tolerant extension to CORBA patterned after existing and emerging CORBA standards and implemented using research and industry prototypes (i.e., Electra, TAO, and Orbix+Isis), (2) a higher-level interface built on this infrastructure and adapted to the requirements of combat systems (i.e., Aegis and CEC), (3) component-based archetypes of key reusable software objects (i.e., timed event channels), and (4) semi-automatic migration techniques for CMS-2 and ADA legacy systems, in terms of both reengineering using CORBA wrapping techniques as well as direct translation. In Phase I of this research we will investigate the feasibility of the above approach and its alternatives, leading to a well-defined high-level interface, the definition of several key component-based archetypes, and the design of an integrated real-time and fault-tolerant infrastructure leveraging existing implementation vehicles. In particular we will address the role of Java in real-time CORBA-based systems, and the use of component-based models both in design as well as in migration of legacy systems. The use of distributed object technology such as CORBA is, we posit, vital to any approach for developing a middleware supporting interoperability, and nascent lightweight CORBA extensions, while still unintegrated and low level, have great potential. Our efforts seek to fill the gaps posed by these currently missing vital technologies, and will significantly advance the realization of a high-level open architecture for combat systems. |
| DIGITAL SYSTEM RESOURCES, INC.
12450 Fair Lakes Circle, Suite 500 Fairfax, VA 22033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 263-1504
Fred Vignovich NAVY 98-072 |
| Title: | Combat System Software Migration to Open Systems |
| Abstract: | The objective is the creation and development of the "Ageless Combat System" through the identification and design of a Combat System Tactical Common Operating Environment (CSTCOE). DSR proposes a CSTOE based on a Combat System Middleware Standard (CSMS) that will enable innovative use of middleware software as both a breakwall and interface between combat system software applications, operating system(s), and platform hardware and communications systems. This use of middleware will enable transparent communications between application tasks/processes on distributed operating systems and hardware over a heterogeneous network of computers. The independence and portability of the software applications from the hardware and communications systems will enable technical refreshment of legacy systems and insertion of new hardware and software to the combat systems at costs significantly below current levels. This approach also can be used to expand the use of select combat system software applications, such as CEC, to other platforms participating in Joint Theater Air Missile Defense (JTAMD) on the Joint Composite Tracking Network (JCTN). These platforms would be both airborne (such as E2C, AWACS) and ground based (such as Patriot, THAAD, CSAM/MEADS, or TAOC). |
| SOLIPSYS CORP.
6100 Chevy Chase Drive Suite 200 Laurel, MD 20707 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 483-8914
Michael Province NAVY 98-072 |
| Title: | Combat System Software Migration to Open Systems |
| Abstract: | Solipsys Corporation has significant experience integrating legacy military software with modern "open-environments." This is exemplified by the middleware approach demonstrated during the All Services Combat Identification Evaluation Team (ASCIET) '97 exercise in Gulfport, Mississippi, which has since been extended to a more global framework. Solipsys engineers have an extensive background in combat system integration, gained over many years of experience with the Cooperative Engagement Capability (CEC) and related systems. We will examine the current and evolving middleware solutions available in industry for their applicability to military systems. Our recent experience includes designing interfaces to an Arsenal Ship C4I environment using legacy and new systems, where CORBA, DCOM and Java were candidates. This gives us a quick start advantage in designing a middleware solution to solve combat system specific problems arising from integrating legacy and new software. Phase 1 will document this approach and begin the planning for Phase 2 when the middleware recommendations will be implemented into AEGIS. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Avenue Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 622-5507
Dr. Larry Dickinson NAVY 98-073 |
| Title: | Low-Cost Hybrid Rocket Nozzle Fabrication Methods |
| Abstract: | Rayon based materials have shown excellent performance for rocket nozzle applications. In addition, conventional tape wrap methods for fabrication have been successful to obtain the required component strengths. However, with the current lack of a domestic rayon supply, a low-cost replacement is desperately needed. Foster-Miller has previously demonstrated a low-cost fabrication technique for tape-wrapped rocket nozzle components. This method of in-situ braiding and nozzle wrapping has successfully achieved the high performance and low-cost requirements for such applications. As an adjunct to this technology, Foster-Miller proposes expand the braiding process to include the capability to create hybrid flat tape. This triaxial braid will have carbon bias fibers on one side of the braid, and glass bias on the other, with the two fibers interlocked at the interface. The system will tailor the thermal conductivity so that the material system has the carbon's ablation resistance with the glass insulation capabilities, while maintaining the structural performance requirements. Foster-Miller's Phase I teaming partner, Thiokol Corporation, is eager for the development of such a low-cost process for current rocket nozzle exit cone applications. The successful development of this novel technology will provide a robust, low-cost alternative to rayon which can be easily implemented into existing rocket motor technology. |
| TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP.
11400 W. Olympic Blvd., Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90064 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(812) 336-7576
Dean Thelen NAVY 98-076 |
| Title: | Improvements to the Vacuum Power Booster in Microwave |
| Abstract: | Microwave Power Module (MPM) applications would benefit from improved performance characteristics such as increased electrical efficiency, reduced cooling requirements, and reduced size and weight that are largely determined by the performance of the vacuum power booster MPM component. Technology Service Corporation therefore proposes to improve Microwave Power Module (MPM) performance characteristics by inserting a novel recently developed cold cathode material in the vacuum power booster that (1) eliminates the need for heater filament power and (2) offers the potential to pre-bunch the electron beam, thereby improving the rf efficiency and gain of the power booster. Three subtasks will be performed during Phase I. (1) The cold cathode material will be tested in a planar diode configuration to establish its DC and AC electron emission characteristics, leading to a cathode material electron emission model. (2) This emission model will be used with standard vacuum power booster design tools to analyze the potential improvements this cathode material will have on power booster efficiency and gain. (3) A simplified experimental gun structure will be built and tested for emission and modulation characteristics. |
| DIGITAL SYSTEM RESOURCES, INC.
12450 Fair Lakes Circle, Sutie 500 Fairfax, VA 22033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 418-9175
William Keifrider NAVY 98-077 |
| Title: | A Multi-Level Network (MLN) Approach to theater Battle Management Operations (TBMO) |
| Abstract: | The objective of this effort is to use an innovative software approach that will link together existing distributive, sensor and tactical information networks. This software approach will enable on-demand communications connectivity in a seamless MLN environment that can be used in TBMO. DSR proposes the use of software algorithms to perform a Mapping/Data Distribution Node (MDDN) function on Command and Control (C2) platforms such as the E-2C, the Mission Control Element (MCE), the Airborne Warning and Control System (AWACS), and other Naval weapon systems. The MDDN function will conduct priority exchange of select battle data between units on sensor netting networks, command/planning networks, and tactical communications networks. The exchanges will be both horizontal (reach additional slensor or shooter platforms) alnd vertical (across networks) to reach various command levels. DSR will determine the ability of shooter platforms to use Cooperative Engagement Capability (CEC) composite tracks and/or select CEC sensor/track data and the timelines required for the information exchange, as well as the ability of current information networks to exchange this data. The software process will determine the best communications path available in the current operational situation, apply routing and prioritization instructions, and map/parse shooter data into appropriate message formats for recipients. The stacked and branched, open architecture network designed in Phase I will be prototyped in a Phase II proof of concept demonstration. |
| SOLIPSYS CORP.
6100 Chevy Chase Dr Suite 200 Laurel, MD 20707 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 483-8910
Robert MacKenzie NAVY 98-077 |
| Title: | An Object Oriented Approach to Theater Data Distribution and Synthesis |
| Abstract: | We are at the genesis of a set of new, innovative, DoD development efforts such as Sea Athena, the Extended Littoral Battlefield (ELB) ACTD, the US Army Aerostat Development Program, the Battlefield Awareness and Data Dissemination (BADD) ACTD and the DD-21 program, each with its own set of overlapping connectivity requirements. The opportunity and demand exists for development of a set of core, enabling components that would form the basis of a Multi-Level Network capability. Specifically required is the introduction of an extensible data synthesis processor coupled with adaptive, intelligent data distribution and routing management. For Phase I, we will define the core set of components required to provide a CEC-like data fusion capability in conjunction with a MLN definition. As a result of this effort, we will develop an open sensor/BMC3 architecture and concept of operations that would be scaleable as additional assets deployed to the developing theater. Using these products we will perform an analysis of this architecture, to evaluate the performance improvements to be realized by the MLN. |
| MISSION RESEARCH CORP.
735 State Street Santa Barbara, CA 93101 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 662-0070
Dr. Craig C. Jensen NAVY 98-078 |
| Title: | Compact High-Energy Pulsed Chemical Laser |
| Abstract: | Chemical Lasers are the most efficient lasers that can provide high-energy laser pulses at the mid-wave infrared (MWIR) and long-wave infrared wavelengths (LWIR). The utility of pulsed chemical lasers (PCL) has been limited by their size, weight and ruggedness. These limitations result from the technologies used to initiate the PCL. The initiators for PCLs have been principally electron beams and flashlamps. The electrical components for these initiators are large, heavy and fragile and therefore PCLs have not been fieldable as transportable systems. The solution to the problem of making a compact PCL is to replace flashlamps and electron-beam initiators with a rugged, highly efficient, initiator technology. The opportunity exists to use recent advances in surface-discharge initiators to make a compact, portable and rugged PCL. The surface-discharge technology developed by Mission Research Corporation (MRC) was successfully demonstrated by initiating a high-energy (1 kJ) chemical laser. This approach to PCL technology will fulfill the requirements for a compact high-energy infrared laser. |
| ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LABORATORIES, INC.
1751 Loretta Avenue Feasterville, PA | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
( ) -
NAVY 98-079 |
| Title: | PCMCIA Card to Collect/Store Vibration/Performance Data for Operating Machinery |
| Abstract: | A major objective of the proposed work is to generate a preliminary design for a PCMCIA-based vibration data collection system that provides better portability, a higher level of standardization and greater cost-effectiveness than is currently The feasibility of a PCMCIA carbased vibration data collection system will be studied using the results of a self-funded program to develop a "first cut" design using similiar technology. The unique experience of the assembled team provides a springbo Preliminary top-level software designs for both the on-oard processor and the PC-compatible host will be generated. Together, they will provide a level of standardization and compatibility not available today. |
| ORINCON
9363 Towne Centre Dr. San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 455-5530
Dr. Paul Gabrill NAVY 98-079 |
| Title: | PCMCIA Card to Cllect/Store Viration/Performance Data for Operating Machinery |
| Abstract: | Vibration data collectors used for condition-based maintenance (CBM) programs are becoming standard practice in Navy and private industry. Current systems in use are based on proprietary hardware and software architectures. These proprietary systems are expensive to procure and support and are difficult to expand. Technical innovation is typically limited to the system supplier. Modern computer technology is enabling the development of nonproprietary open architecture vibration data collectors using a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) portable computer system and a simple Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) vibration data acquisition card. ORINCON proposes to develop a PCMCIA six-channel vibration acquisition system, vibration signal processing software, and suitable user interface for shipboard vibration acquisition, processing, storage, display, and communication. The proposed system utilizes state-of-the-art electronics found in modern audio equipment as a basis for the PCMCIA vibration acquisition card. A standard laptop computer running Window 95/NT provides the signal processing, data storage, and communication capabilities. Signal processing and display functions are implemented in RIPPEN*. RIPPEN* is ORINCON's unique open architecture signal processing middieware software that allows rapid development and portability of signal processing and diagnostic software. A MIMOSA compliant CBM database will be selected and interfaced with and a detailed specification of the system and signal processing demonstration will be conducted as part of the Phase I effort. A complete prototype will be developed in Phase 11. |
| BAND, LAVIS & ASSOC., INC.
900 Ritchie Highway, Suite 203 Severna Park, MD 21146 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 544-2800
Brian G. Forstell NAVY 98-080 |
| Title: | Flight Verified Dynamic Simulation of the LCAC |
| Abstract: | The LCAC Full-Mission Trainer (FMT) is providing a cost-effective tool for training LCAC operators in normal craft operation and casualty mode conditions. However, the FMT was never validated with full-scale LCAC test data. Rather, the feel of the FMT was "tuned" by adjusting tuning coefficients in response to inputs obtained from experienced LCAC operators. The FMT training schedule combined with modeling limitations prevents the U.S. Navy from conducting in-house analysis on the impact of atypical LCAC missions, unusual paylod items or craft alterations, for instance. PC-based computers and software simulation tools have now progressed to the point where physics-based time domain dynamic simulation of the LCAC is no longer limited to mainframe computers and, thus, can readily be performed on desktop computers. PC-based programs must also be validated with actual craft data to maximize fidelity. It is proposed, therefore, that a PC-based simulation of LCAC motions be developed and that the actual test data necessary for subsequent validation of the dynamic simulation be obtained. The intent of the proposed Phase-I work effort is to identify the required test data and develop a test plan and data analysis plan which can be used to efficiently obtain the test data necessay for simulation verification. |
| DIGITAL SYSTEM RESOURCES, INC.
12450 Fair Lakes Circle, Suite 500 Fairfax, VA 22033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 679-1791
Daniel Patton NAVY 98-081 |
| Title: | Variable Virtual Combat Mock-up (VVCM) |
| Abstract: | The DSR Team consisting of DSR, Logicon Syscon and the Institute for Simulation and Training (IST) proposes to develop the architecture and system requirements for the construction of an advanced virtual display designated the "Variable Virtual Combat Mock-up (VVCM)". The innovation of this architecture is the ability to introduce an easily reconfigurable, ship specific, fully interactive, individual console operator or Combat Information Center (CIC) team, combat system training device into a virtual environment, termed "augmented reality". A VVCM Concept of Operations (CONOPS) document, system design requirements and notional hardware architecture will be developed. The DSR team will develop an innovative design that will leverage existing, validated models, scenarios, and data bases as well as software available from S14A13 Tactical Advanced Simulated Warfare Integrated Trainer (TASWIT), Modular Semi-Automated Forces (MODSAF), Naval Semi-Automated Forces (NAVSAF), or other compatible, emulation-type, training software into the design of the VVCM. In addition, the DSR team will document the capabilities of state-of-the-art virtual reality devices such as head mounted displays to support this augmented reality environment. The DSR team will also develop two VVCM implementation options highlighting the cost vs capability tradeoff. The VVCM system options and training value added will be determined by conducting a cost/fidelity analysis based on the competing hardware/software architectures and the metrics for each. Phase II recommendations for implementing key components will be provided. |
| SONALYSTS, INC.
215 Parkway North, P.O. Box 280 Waterford, CT 06385 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 442-4355
James E. McCarthy NAVY 98-081 |
| Title: | Variable Virtual Combat Mock-up (VVCM) |
| Abstract: | Sonalysts, Inc. proposes leveraging our Team's extensive research and development experience with state-of-the-art defense and commercial training and visualization technologies to develop an effective Variable Virtual Combat Mock-up (VCCM). Key Phase I objectives will include: defining the training concept of operations; identifying, assessing, and developing/applying the supporting required technologies; and finally, defining the architecture for the VVCM. Our focus will ensure training objectives for the virtual CIC/CDC team training system and a sound technical response are complimentary and technically feasible. A broad range of virtual technologies will be investigated to determine suitability to develop the flexible, reconfigurable virtual environment. Virtual reality (VR) technologies possessed by our proposing team and commercially available, will be assessed. The most promising will be applied to ensure our technical approach is effective and economical. To accelerate development and lower cost, we will leverage appropriate existing trainer architectures for the foundation of the VVCM. We will also exploit existing information resources, combat systems, and trainer architectures (e.g., Battle Force Tactical Trainer (BFTT), internet) to innovatively broaden the training opportunities presented by this topic area. |
| TANNER RESEARCH, INC.
2650 East Foothill Blvd. Pasadena, CA 91107 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 792-3000
Matthew Newlin, Ph.D. NAVY 98-082 |
| Title: | Reconfigurable Computing |
| Abstract: | Tanner Research proposes to develop a powerful and flexible reconfigurable computer and deliver a completely functional prototype by the end of Phase I. Because it will have a modular architecture, our reconfigurable computer will be significantly more cost-effective than traditional reconfigurable computers. Because of technological advances that have increased the logic density on a silicon chip, reconfigurable computers are better suited than custom ASICs for a wide range of applications. For example, unlike an ASIC, a reconfigurable computer can be easily and quickly modified from a remote location to upgrade its performance or even to perform a completely different function; hence, its non-recurring engineering (NRE) costs are reduced. Our modular architecture will further minimize NRE costs because it allows such costs to be amortized over an even larger domain of systems. In addition, upgrading a reconfigurable computer is easier and more reliable than upgrading an ASIC, because reconfigurable computer upgrades can be more easily developed, verified, and implemented. Because of our expertise developing reconfigurable computers, we will be able to deliver a complete prototype of the hardware in Phase I. In Phase II, we will refine the hardware design and develop a software development environment to further increase cost effectiveness. |
| VISICOM LABORATORIES, INC.
10052 Mesa Ride Court San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 683-9880
Dr. Gary L. Fitzhugh NAVY 98-082 |
| Title: | Core Logic and Field Programmable Gate Array-Based |
| Abstract: | The object of this effort is to employ VisiCom's considerable experience in reconfigurable logic engines, general computer hardware architecture, and software to show feasibility of combining core logic (mask programmable) microprocessor and FPGA devices. In order to optimize speed, VisiCom will need to examine pipelined and paralled processing approaches. FPGA clock rates are generally below those of core logic parts. Care will be required since certain design implementations will actually cause clock rates to decrease. Designs spanning multiple FPGAs may be afflicted with further speed degradation. |
| OPTIPHASE, INC.
7652 Haskell Avenue Van Nuys, CA 91406 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 782-0997
Pepe Davis, PhD NAVY 98-083 |
| Title: | Hand Held Vibration Monitor |
| Abstract: | Optiphase, Inc. proposes a highly innovative and unique approach to non-intrusive, non-contacting vibration sensing. This approach involves a fiber optic sensor implementation which opticaly performs differentiation of interferometric displacement data to obtain the desired velocity data. This completely unique approach is capable of providing accurate vibration measurements over ranges which significantly exceed that stated in the solicitation specification. During the preparation of the Phase I proposal, the proposed measurement concept was validated through laboratory experimentation. We propose, for Phase I to determine the feasibility of the proposed approach against the intended application, for hand held measurement of vibration data, inclusive of providing data storage and analysis. We expect to not only prove the feasibility, but to also show that the technology is manufacturable at half the cost of existing laser Doppler vibration systems without compromising measurement performance. In Phase II, we will develop and evaluate a prototype apparatus which accomplishes the solicitation objective. We expect a significant and immediate market for this innovative technology. |
| OMNI TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
450 31st Street, Suite A Kenner, LA 70065 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(504) 461-0086
Wanda M. Solano NAVY 98-084 |
| Title: | Weighted Oceanographic Registration Mine (WORM) |
| Abstract: | Omni Technologies, Inc. proposes to study the design feasibility of a sensor and data acquisition package to be used in the monitoring and collection of mine burial and mine burial forcing function data. The data will be used to improve military mine burial models to determine the detectability of buried mines and help define mine hunt training curriculums. The sensor and data acquisition package will collect and store data for three months with a default sampling time of once per hour. The design goals will include having minimal impact on environmental forces driving mine burial by placing sensors inside the mine or embedding them in the mine walls and to operate in any orientation and preserve the center of gravity, weight and target strength of an operational mine. The Phase I design/study will search for off-the-shelf (or slightly modified) sensors to measure acoustic energy, mine attitude, mine orientation, acceleration and water depth. Additionnally, two innovative sensors to measure percent burial and boundary layer water currents will be studied in Phase I and prototyped in the Phase I Option. A top level software design will be developed to provide for data storage, retrieval and display. |
| 21ST CENTURY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
8302 Lincoln Lane, Suite 103 Mclean, VA 22102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 448-7564
Sherry Marcus NAVY 98-085 |
| Title: | Agent Based Dynamic View Management System for Distributed Integrated Shipboard Databases on the Internet |
| Abstract: | We shall develop a dynamic agent web architecture and software prototype that builds on top of COTS database integration technology to deliver view management and data mining services.The data mining services shall consist of case based reasoning and association. We shall use case based reasoning and association agents in identifying new links and relationships within data contain in shipboard information systems. Case based reasoning can be used to identify new links and relationships by looking at past similar events. For example, if a certain part is required on board ship that is currently out of stock, a case based system could identify a part that could be used in its place based on past events. Association technology looks at many types of different database transactions and identifies patterns. Association technology can be used, as an example, in logistics in tracking assets for a period of time. O The view management services shall provide the capability of creating and maintaining current views from an integrated collection of databases. Users shall be able to create and maintain views from a Java enabled HTML browser. Users shall be able to identify the types of fields they wish to access visually, without having to know the specific name of the database where the information is contained. We shall deliver the view management service leveraging off of 21st Century Technologies Inc' commercial product, MAVIS 1.0. MAVIS 1.0 is built on top of the Oracle Universal Server. |
| AFFINITY MEDIA, INC.
11900 West Olympic Blvd., Suite 620 Los Angeles, CA 90064 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 820-6101
Doug Hobson NAVY 98-085 |
| Title: | Virtual Integrated Engineering Data Extraction Environment |
| Abstract: | Affinity proposes to establish a conceptual framework for the management and extraction and use of various ship engineering and design data that exist in large, heterogeneous, geographically separated databases. Affinity will base its analysis on its Object-Oriented, FusionWare infrastructure. FusionWare is a CORBA meta data respository framework that allows integration of tools and applications and seamless access to heterogeneous databases. The FusionWare framework will allow all of the collaborative efforts to be managed under a common, logically centralized security/access control layer. This security mechanism provides for the defining of user roles and tools that are allowed to access and process each of the various data objects involved. |
| INFOGRATE, INC.
835 W. Diversey Parkway, Suite 10 Chicago, IL 60614 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(773) 477-0047
Tania H. Neild NAVY 98-085 |
| Title: | A Three-Tiered Mediation Approach to Virtual Data Integration |
| Abstract: | Throughout government and industry, extremely large volumes of data are being stored with complex requirements in very heterogeneous hardware, software, and communications environments. Infograte, Incorporated has developed a robust software solution that allows users to transparently extract data stored across disparate and geographically dispersed heterogeneous databases from a single user-friendly interface. The software solution consists of a proprietary knowledge representation, development technique, and query processor. Infograte's representation employs a three-tiered extension of entity-category-relationship theory as the foundation for a global schema that models the logic of a virtual database federation. The development technique is an iterative methodology that is used to build the required global schema. The query processing algorithm follows a mediation approach to interpret the global schema and semantically translate queries across the distributed database federation. InfoGrate will apply its knowledge representation and development technique to the Navy's ship engineering data environment. The result will be a global schema that can be used with InfoGrate's query processor to virtually integrate the data. The technique will be applied by the Infograte research team, which has a successful track record of developing and commercializing database technologies. |
| COMPACT MEMBRANE SYSTEMS, INC.
814 First State Boulevard Wilmington, DE 19804 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(302) 999-7996
Purushottam V. Shanbhag, NAVY 98-086 |
| Title: | Non-Fouling Ultrafiltration Membranes |
| Abstract: | Ultrafiltration membranes offer great potential for compact, low cost clean-up of Navy surface ship graywater and blackwater. A major limitation of these ultrafiltration membranes is significant loss in flux with time associated with membrane fouling from proteins, polysaccharides, and other waste products. Backflushing can only be used to a limited extent. Chemical treatments are undesirous since they pollute. ompact Membrane Systems, Inc. has developed unique low surface energy perfluoropolymer coatings. These perfluoropolymer coatings appear to be a universal non-fouling surface showing enhanced resistance to biological fluids (blood, platelets, SF-21, Vero cells) and oils and, therefore, should greatly enhance the ultrafilters fouling resistance. These perfluorocoatings represent a universal approach to enhancing ultrafilter resistance in that we have successfully coated numerous ultrafilters (polysulfone, cellulose, esters, polypropylene, PVDF). Preliminary results indicate that coating of ultrafilters with CMS perfluoropolymers can significantly enhance fouling resistance with little change in bulk flow. By using these perfluoropolymer coatings, we will enhance fouling resistance without introduction of chemical pollutants. In Phase I, we will: (1) coat various ultrafilters with our perfluoropolymers, (2) perform controlled internal laboratory evaluation of enhanced fouling resistance, (3) in conjunction with DoD, perform pilot operation with preferred candidate graywater, and (4) perform economic analysis based on results from (2) and (3). Objectives of Phase I are to demonstrate stable ultrafiltration capability in excess of 20 liters per square meter per hour using high density waste streams (15-20 grams/liter) for over 1000 hours of operation. |
| ELTRON RESEARCH, INC.
5660 Airport Boulevard Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 440-8008
Patrick I. James NAVY 98-086 |
| Title: | In Situ Electrolytic System for Ultrafiltration Membrane Cleaning |
| Abstract: | This proposed program focuses on developing a relatively environmentally benign technology for cleaning ultrafiltration membranes in naval surface vessels through the on-site electrolytic generation of hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen-peroxide-derived hydroxyl radicals. The approach will utilize novel bifunctional cathode electrocatalysts in a polymer electrolyte electrolytic cell for the efficient on-site electrogeneration of hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals within the wastewater stream. The radicals so produced will sterilize and digest organic residues to abate membrane fouling. The proposed technology will provide a compact on-site, environmentally friendly means of nondestructively removing organic and biological fouling from membranes utilized to treat non-oily graywater/blackwater on surface naval vessels. |
| PRINCETON TRADE & TECHNOLOGY, INC.
1 Wall Street Princeton, NJ 08536 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 683-4140
Dr. M. E. Labib NAVY 98-086 |
| Title: | Cleaners for Wastewater Ultrafiltration Membranes |
| Abstract: | A non-polluting efficient cleaning technology for completely removing clogging buildup and microbial biofilm from ultrafiltration membranes has been developed. The technology has been successfully applied to synthetic non-oily graywater effluent and should meet all regulatory standards for discharge. The technology should also be applicable to blackwater applications. It consists of three elements: innovative fluid dynamics, specific cleaning chemistry and efficient cleaning protocol. Emphasis is placed on removal of biofilm from the membrane surface as well as cleaning of the membrane pores. This proprietary technology completely removes biofilm and other foulants from membrane surfaces and reduces the cleaning time by a factor of 10 when compared with standard methods. Our design should interface with ultrafiltration treatment equipment on Naval ships without modification. PTTÇs cleaning chemistry is environmentally-safe and effective. Our development team includes Professor Audrey Levine of Utah State; she will direct efforts related to the gray/black water composition and assist in foulants characterization. Phase II will involve designing and building a prototype to incorporate into wastewater treatment systems on Navy ships. A complete marketing plan has been prepared for Navy and civilian applications. PTTÇs cleaning technology includes the cleaning of the lumen and pore of the tubular membrane. |
| SATIMO, INC.
1318 Chandler Court Acworth, GA 30102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 425-4691
Barry J.Cown NAVY 98-087 |
| Title: | Advanced MST Field Probe Array System (A-MST/FPAS) for |
| Abstract: | This advanced development program will determine the feasibility of developing a transportable Field Probe Array System (FPAS) based on the Advanced Modulated Scattering Technique(MST)for rapid near-field (NF)testing of antennas and composite walls.This novel technique is based on SATIMO's innovative probe array measurement approach that reduces NF measurement durations by 95% or better compared to conventional NF measurements employing a single mechanically-scanned probe. The technical feasibility of developing a transportable A-MST/FPAS for Navy applications at indoor and outdoor test sites, including ship topside test environments will be determined by performing analyses, numerical simulations, and experiments using an existing A-MST prototype probe array. A preliminary design will be performed for the A-MST/FPAS based on the results of the feasility assessment and additional analyses. A preliminary design for the A-MST/FPAS will be peformed based on the results of the feasibility investigation |
| ANHOLT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1001 Dawson Drive, Suite 7 Newark, DE 19713 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(302) 344-1869
Daniel D. Coppens NAVY 98-088 |
| Title: | Co-Injection Resin Transfer Molding (CIRTM) |
| Abstract: | Shipboard structures employing composites typically use glass/vinyl ester (VE) manufactured with vacuum assisted RTM. This composite system offers reduced weight, no corrosion and improved signature performance but lacks the fire performance characteristics required for shipboard use. Phenolic resins (PH) provide outstanding fire performance but are difficult to process and offer lower structural properties. No existing single resin system can meet all of the requirements in a given application for Naval shipboard structures. The co-injection resin transfer molding (CIRTM) process was developed by the University of Delaware and the Army Research Laboratory to simultaneously inject two (or more) resins into a dry composite preform maintaining discrete layers of resin through the thickness of the preform. Using CIRTM, a phenolic surface layer may be incorporated with a vinyl ester resin in a single composite part, improving fire performance while maintaining the cost, processing and structural advantages of the vinyl ester. Through this program, preliminary property characterization of fire-hard CIRTM components will be accomplished through the fabrication of 2'x2' test panels. In addition, we will demonstrate that the benefits of the CIRTM process can be scaled up for realistic Naval structural applications. In Phase II a half scale deck house will be fabricated. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Avenue Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-5532
Margaret Roylance NAVY 98-088 |
| Title: | Co-Infusion of Multiple Resins for Enhanced Fire Resistance |
| Abstract: | Composite structures are highly desirable for future Navy surface ships due primarily to their high strength to weight ratio, corrosion resistance and radar signature reduction potential. The recent National Research Council (NRC) study on technology needs for the 21st century (1) specifically cites the use of composite materials for signature reduction as one of the three primary development recommendations for Navy platforms. However, flammability/smoke/toxicity (FST) concerns have long hindered the implementation of composite structures into Navy warships and US commercial vessels. In the proposed Phase I program, Foster-Miller will evaluate and develop several options for co-infusion of two distinct resin systems into a single composite structure. A central performance goal of each of these options will be to provide the necessary fire barrier as an integral part of a composite structure while also yielding suitable structural performance and low manufacturing costs. Foster-Miller has previously demonstrated a unique intumescent composite matrix resin that provides improved fire barrier performance over standard phenolic resin systems. This resin system will be evaluated in the proposed program as one of the co-infusion resin systems. The proposed program will evaluate these options against the necessary performance specifications identified by Foster Miller and our team members Bath Iron Works and Techmatics. Following initial evaluation, a minimum of two co-infusion approaches will be carried through testing and evaluation against criteria including fire and structural performance, processability and cost. The program will culminate in the fabrication and testing of a sub-component to demonstrate the performance of the best approach during the optional phase of the program. |
| DUKE & ASSOC.
1285 Dunn Road St. Louis, MO 63138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(314) 580-5880
Dr. Kerry Slattery NAVY 98-089 |
| Title: | Development of a Low Cost Process to Provide Improved Carbon Fiber-Vinyl Ester Adhesion |
| Abstract: | Duke & Associates will develop a process/material modification for carbon fiber/vinyl ester composite materials which will provide enhanced fiber-matrix adhesion using a low cost, room temperature process such as resin transfer molding (RTM) or vacuum assisted RTM to manufacture high performance composite structures. The program goal is to increase the fiber to matrix strength to that of carbon epoxy or the strength of the matrix. Dr. Larry Drzal of Michigan State University, who has ongoing work for the automotive industry on this topic, will be a subcontractor on this SBIR. Zoltek, who markets a low cost, large tow carbon fiber, will support the work in this SBIR and will incorporate in their product line enhancements in carbon fiber sizing/processing. The Dow Chemical Company will also support the work in this SBIR and assist in commercialization of the technology. In Phase I we will explore alternate ways of improving bond strength between carbon fiber and vinylester resins, and downselect a method for development in Phase II based on experimental evaluation of competing methods. In Phase II we will scale up this process, demonstrate its enhanced properties experimentally, and fabricate a large primary structure demonstration component. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD CHELMSFORD, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
DR. JOHN LENNHOFF NAVY 98-089 |
| Title: | A LOW COST INTERPHASE CHEMISTRY TO PROMOTE CARBON FIBER-VINYL |
| Abstract: | Triton Systems, Inc. proposes to demonstrate a low cost interphase chemistry which will improve the mechanical strength of carbon fiber/vinyl ester composites by providing a polymer layer which bonds exceptionally well to both the carbon fibers and the vinyl ester resin. This interphase chemistry will utilize a Triton proprietary polymer applied to the carbon fiber surface and adhered to the surface through strong hydrogen bonding. The surface of the carbon fiber will be preoxidized to improve bonding to the polymer. This proprietary interphase polymer has also been shown to be miscible with vinyl ester resin, forming a single phase between the two polymers rather than a distinct, and structurally weaker, two phase blend. The polymer chemistry will be optimized for compatibility with vinyl ester resins using Triton SystemÇs vast experience and database with these materials. In the Phase I program we will demonstrate the improved fiber/matrix adhesion via transverse tensile testing of unidirectional composites. In a Phase II program we will scale the process up to pilot production levels and demonstrate the technology on a large scale Naval component. |
| NOISE CONTROL ENGINEERING, INC.
799 Middlesex Turnpike Billerica, MA 01821 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 670-5339
Raymond Fischer NAVY 98-092 |
| Title: | Shipboard Airborne Noise Control Design and Diagnostic Tool |
| Abstract: | In the 14 years since the last revision of SNAME's Design Guide for Shipboard Airborne Noise Control, acoustic prediction techniques and control methods have significantly improved. Current prediction techniques effectively utilize sophisticated computer programs. These could possibly be tied to CAD/CAE programs. NCE believes that the government, naval architects and shipyards can greatly benefit from these improvements. When properly implemented, this latest technology can improve the noise and vibration environment on all vessels. At the same time, associated adverse impacts on space, weight, maintainability of systems, and cost will be reduced. This process would also provide an integrated systems approach while reducing the effort needed to predict and control noise on-board vessels. Many of the approaches used in Statistical Energy Analysis can be easily coded and used by any engineer involved in the design process. Noise control treatment types and their expected effectiveness have also changed. These changes can be factored into various databases. Databases can be setup for machinery and equipment acoustic source levels; airborne, structureborne, and waterborne path transmission effects; and acoustic characteristics of materials used in shipboard constructions. This software would be very effective for predicting and reducing noise on all types of vessels. |
| VIBRO-ACOUSTIC SCIENCES, INC.
12555 High Bluff Drive, Suite 310 San Diego, CA 92130 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 350-0057
Paul G Bremner NAVY 98-092 |
| Title: | Shipboard Airborne Noise Control Design and Diagnostic Tool |
| Abstract: | This project aims to incorporate airborne noise & vibration control in the overall ship design and construction process to improve the noise & vibration environment on all vessels while reducing the associated adverse impacts on space, weight, m The proposed solution is a computerized noise prediction tool which will involve a new integration of currently separate acoustic analysis methods and development of new data interface technology capable of semi-automatically building a ship acoustic desi Phase I will identify the component parts needed to meet Navy specifications; it will establish technical feasibility and will generate a Functional Specification document for implementation in software in Phase II. |
| BRIDGER SCIENTIFIC, INC.
P.O. Box 1923 Sandwich, MA 02563 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 888-6699
John F. Garey NAVY 98-093 |
| Title: | Biofouling Monitor |
| Abstract: | Bridger Scientific, Inc. proposed to develop an inexpensive, real time monitor which utilizes proven surface, "heat transfer loss" monitoring techniques to measure both microbial and abiotic fouling on surfaces exposed to coolant seawater. The monitor will be designed as a small insertion probe, capable of being "hot tapped" into existing cooling water pipelines. Real time data generated by the probe will provide a means of monitoring and segregating both microbial and abiotic fouling deposit buildup. The probe will allow a means of simulating both heat transfer surface temperatures and tube/plate materials found in various cooling system heat exchangers. Correlation of probe microbiofouling data due to seawater cooling system fouled surfaces will be determined. The monitor, when utilized within a "feedback loop", with adjustable chemical injection pumps, will be able to accurately monitor and control microbiological and/or scale buildup within cooling water systems under changing water quality and operating conditions. |
| GLOBE RUBBER WORKS
254 Beech Street Rockland, MA 02370 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 871-3700
Mario DeLara NAVY 98-094 |
| Title: | Affordable High Performance Reinforced Polyurethane Shock and Vibration Mounts |
| Abstract: | Seventeen (17) new constant natural frequency mounts can replace forty three (43) current Navy mounts. Constant Natural Frequency (CNF) mounts are currently used in millions of commercial and foreign applications, and improvements are offered in published and on-going research. The CNF concept will be adapted to Navy needs and the commercial market, which will help insure a Navy vendor base. Empirically- and analytically-derived elastomer shaped mounts yielding a stiffness proportional to the load and a constant natural frequency over a weight ratio of 1 to 9 have been demonstrated. An additional benefit of the new mounts is, because they are relatively insensitive to load, the mount installation is greatly simplified. Globe Rubber Works (GRW), an innovative mount manufacturer, experienced in challenging applications of special elastomers for Navy and commercial customers, heads the team of the CNF mount designer; ETC, a company with a long record of performing Navy shock and vibration engineering; and a commercial mount user, to insure that the mount research will be focused on commercial as well as Navy needs. A prototype mount will be prepared and tested to demonstrate how the concept can be used to greatly reduce the number of mounts required by the Navy. |
| PRODUCTION PRODUCTS
1285 Dunn Road St. Louis, MO 63138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(314) 868-3500
Kelli Corona-Bittick NAVY 98-094 |
| Title: | Affordable High Performance Reinforced Polyurethane Shock & Vibration Mounts |
| Abstract: | Production Products will develop a new low cost, multiple performance, generic elastomeric machinery mount system which will provide varying static and dynamic vibration properties to allow vibration and shock isolation over a wide operation load range. Dr. Colin Ratcliffe, United States Naval Academy, who has ongoing work on non-metallic machinery mounts w ill be a consultant on the program. New Port News Shipbuilding will provide application experience and advice on ship and submarine equipment mount installations. Successful development of a single multi-performance composite mount will: reduce inventoried items and attendant costs; reduce costs due to fewer fabricated parts; permit standardized installation and maintenance procedures and reduced associated costs; eliminate corrosion induced failures of mounts; provide significantly longer service life and reduced maintenance costs; provide significant weight savings; and enhanced vibration and shock isolation performance. In Phase I a prototype system will be downselected based on evaluation of competing concepts, the composite mount will be fabricated, tested, and performance compared with predictions. In Phase II a second generation family of mounts will be developed, fabricated, tested, and provided to the Navy for sea trials. Production Products will develop and implement the commercialization plan leading to production implementation and commercial sale of the composite mounts. |
| MER CORP.
7960 S. Kolb Road Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 574-1980
Dr. Sumit Guha NAVY 98-095 |
| Title: | A Novel Processing Technique for the Large-Scale Production of Red Phosphorus |
| Abstract: | Current techniques for the production of red phosphorus powders cannot produce 5µm size powders while maintaining a pure surface. Two new processing techniques are suggested that are capable of processing red phosphorus into powders 5µm or smaller in size. These techniques have been demonstrated with conventional metals and alloys but not with phosphorus. One important advantage of these processing techniques is their ability to apply a surface passivation layer on these powders in-situ, since 5µm size or smaller phosphorus powders present a fire hazard. The passivation layers proposed here will provide a dual-benefit namely keep the powders inert during handling in ambient atmosphere while also adding to the fire retardant capabilities. The Phase I program will establish feasibility of processing by both techniques. The quality of powders produced as well as the processing costs will be utilized to narrow down the processing into one selected approach at the end of Phase I. |
| TPL, INC.
3921 Academny Parkway N, NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 342-4453
Andrew W. Cain NAVY 98-095 |
| Title: | Manufacturing Techniques for Red Phosphorus Powder |
| Abstract: | Reducing the particle size of red phosphorus may increase its fire retardancy by an order of magnitude. The Navy requires five-micron red phosphorus. Current European production yields thirty-micron phosphorus; there is no commercial production in America. Once produced, further size reduction may cause fires or explosions due to phosphorus sensitivity. TPL will apply four established industrial processes to manufacturing red phosphorus, all having innovative potential to directly produce five-micron particles, eliminating the hazardous step of comminution. The processes include quenching, atomizing, fluidizing, and extruding. TPL will combine its experience with energetic materials and nano-sized particle production to choose the best design for further development. Design packages including PFDs, P&IDs, and SOPs will be generated for each of the four processes. Then a hazard analysis, feasibility study, and cost analysis will be performed. process with the least inherent hazards and most promise will be chosen for further development. TPL is a leading company in applying energetic materials and producing nano-sized material, offering TPL more potential than other companies for successful production of five-micron red phosphorus. TPL has demilitarized 1700 tons of pyrotechnics, selling recovered material commercially. TPL's nano-sized barium titanate is available from Aldrich, Alfa Aesar, and Cerac Specialty Powders. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Avenue Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4139
Dr. William E. Dorogy NAVY 98-096 |
| Title: | DURESS; A Durable, Environmentally-Compliant Non-Skid Coating System for Naval Fleet Applications |
| Abstract: | Non-skid coating systems for various naval applications consist of a primer applied directly onto the deck substrate, a topcoat containing aggregate to generate the non-skid properties and an optional color topping. Current systems exhibit low durability, experience impact damage, are prone to delamination at every interface, and readily absorb naval and aviation chemicals on exposure, transforming the material into hazardous waste upon removal. Foster-Miller proposes to develop a "No VOC", durable, environmentally-compliant non-skid coating which will overcome the limitations of current systems as well as meet or exceed performance specifications according to MIL-PRF-24997A. Our concept begins with a reactive primer to both chemically and mechanically bond to the deck, upon which another reactive topcoat system containing conventional aggregates is applied to chemically bond itself to the primer, forming a total coating system exhibiting superior delamination resistance. Our matrix material has been selected to be less brittle, more resilient and exhibit increased chemical resistance compared to current polyamide epoxies. These factors will combine to yield a coating system with enhanced performance and durability. Incorporation of the primer system into the topcoat, generating a one-part system, will be investigated in the Phase II program. |
| TDA RESEARCH, INC.
12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 940-2322
Georgette Siparsky NAVY 98-096 |
| Title: | Non-Skid, Non-Flammable Coating for Navy Applications |
| Abstract: | Naval transports and ordinance are currently coated to prevent corrosion and other destructive weathering phenomena. These coatings have a limited life-span as adhesion is compromised when they degrade on exposure to light, moisture, abrasive wind and wear. Special properties necessary for naval coatings include non-skid characteristics, corrosion and fire resistance, high mechanical strength and chemical stability. Current non-skid urethane coatings have high flammability and poor life-cycle performance. TDA Research Inc. (TDA) has developed a tough, corrosion resistant hybrid organic/inorganic urethane coating that is expected to have excellent non-skid and fire retardant characteristics. The coating can be applied to a variety of substrates, including aluminum, steel, fiberglass and wood, by existing technologies. This chemically resistant nanocomposite coating is anticipated to have excellent long-term physical properties leading to reduced maintenance costs. In Phase I, we will prepare the hybrid polymer and examine the coatings applied to several substrates. Properties will be optimized by choosing the appropriate nanocomposite and formulation. Samples will be provided to the Navy for testing. In Phase II, TDA will collaborate with a major coatings producer to prepare 100lb quantities of resin and conduct market testing. Commercial applications include walkways, ship and pool decks, a $50 million dollar market. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Dr. Michael Dingus/Mr. Jo NAVY 98-096 |
| Title: | Non-Skid Surface Coatings for Navy Fleet Applications |
| Abstract: | Non-skid coating materials are used for treatment of aircraft carrier flight deck surfaces and numerous other fleet applications. Current non-skid products require frequent replacement, generating large amounts of hazardous materials and requiring the expenditure of scarce maintenance funds. These systems, such as the ones used on aircraft carrier flight decks, have poor resistance to chemicals and corrosion. Cracking and spallation routinely occur due to aircraft takeoffs and landings. Texas Research Institute Austin, Inc. (TRI/Austin) will develop entirely new non-skid coating systems that will have substantially improved performance when compared with available products. During Phase I, we will investigate new aggregate materials that promise to enhance coating life and non-skid performance. Starter formulations will be procured to use in the preparation of new coatings and primers. A battery of tests will be used to screen candidate formulations, and promising formulations will be modified to enhance performance. Further bench scale testing of these formulations will be conducted, and the new coatings will be compared with existing systems. Coating chemical resistance will be evaluated, and cleaners for non-skid coatings systems will be identified and tested. A comprehensive final report will be prepared, and formulations will be delivered to the Navy for evaluation. |
| F&S, INC.
PO Box 11704 Blacksburg, VA 24062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 953-4267
Michael B. Miller NAVY 98-097 |
| Title: | Generic Fiber Optic Link Simulator Using Lab View |
| Abstract: | Design aids to assist engineers in the development of fiber optic communication systems using either off the shelf or custom-built components normally consist of specifications (such as EIA-626), handbooks, textbooks, spreadsheets or custom software built around a particular manufacturer's fiber optic components. A more generic simulation tool incorporating a graphical user interface is needed to allow system engineers to quickly and accurately design fiber optic systems. We propose to develop a dual-use software system based on LabView, a popular simulation and virtual instrument software package. LabView is capable of simulating all the necessary functions for designing fiber optic communication systems. The advantages of this approach are that the software is already supported by National Instruments and widely used in both industry and academic environments, it has a well-known and easy to use graphical interface, and finally the simulation tool can also be used as an analytical instrument for verifying performance of the simulated system after it has been constructed. |
| RSOFT, INC.
13 Lancaster Ave Montrose, NY 10548 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 962-9961
Brent K. Whitlock NAVY 98-097 |
| Title: | Advanced Fiber Optic Link Simulator |
| Abstract: | In the continually advancing information age, the needs for rapid and high-performance data communications capabilities are increasing exponentially. The capabilities of strictly electronic communications technologies cannot keep pace with these rapidly increasing demands, and optoelectronics and fiber optics technologies have stepped in to meet the challenge. Fiber optics are now heavily used in long distance telecommunications as well as high-speed data communications and are rapidly gaining market share in desktop LANs. There have been great technical advancements recently in optoelectronics manufacturing and consequently in the performance of fiber optic links which utilize the advanced optoelectronics components. However, automated computer-aided design (CAD) tools for the design of fiber optic links have not followed the same pace of development. There is a lack of reliable software for the simulation, analysis, and design of fiber optic links. The continuing advancement of fiber optics technologies requires that CAD tools for their design be developed which will accurately model all the significant performance degradations and nonlinear effects inherent in these systems to facilitate their design optimization. RSoft, Inc. proposes to develop advanced software for fiber optic link simulation and analysis which will support cost-effective design of high-performance fiber optic links. |
| TOYON RESEARCH CORP.
75 Aero Camino, Suite A Goleta, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 968-6787
Peter Stieber NAVY 98-097 |
| Title: | Digital Fiber-Optic Link Simulation Development |
| Abstract: | This proposal focuses on the development of fiber-optic link simulation software with a graphical user interface (GUI) to perform link analysis as described in ANSI/TIA/EIA-626-1995. In particular, the simulations will incorporate detailed physics based models for the fiber-optic components to simulate the loss, distortion, jitter, and noise characteristics of the links. The final simulation will be able to display time-domain signals at user selected points in the link, the eye pattern, optical source power versus drive current, and the bit error ratio for the link. The uniqueness of Toyon's Research Corporation's approach is that we will rely on or experience developing analog photonic simulations and use our existing analog link analysis tool, PHLASHÇ, as a starting point in this development. The resulting software will be referred to as PHLASH-Digital VersionÇ (PHLASH-DVÇ) and will be a PC-Windows simulation written using C++, and utilizing an object-oriented style of programming. In addition, Toyon will modify and add to the existing PHLASHÇ models to add a digital link analysis capability. We will optionally investigate the possibility of folding our optimization capabilities into the PHLASH-DVÇ code to allow the optimization of selected components and their parameter values to achieve the specified system requirements. |
| NET SHAPE COMPONENTS, INC.
8181B Industrial Place Alpharetta, GA 30004 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 476-9754
John MacPherson NAVY 98-098 |
| Title: | Process Design and Feasibility Study for the Automated Production of Fiber Optic Ferrules by Ceramic Injection Molding |
| Abstract: | Demonstrate the feasibility to injection mold precise ceramic fiber optic ferrules using a high density, low pressure molding process and a rapid, fully automated, manufacturing cell. Injection molding has the potential to reduce the cost of ferrule manufacturing by molding blanks to near net shape, reducing the number of grinding operations, and to such precision that critical grinding steps are reduced or eliminated. However, the process is inherently more expensive than the process currently used to produce blanks, limiting the advantage of a near net shape. Precise process control for each individual part must be maintained during thermal operations to control minute distortions common to all ceramic product that will negate the advantage offered by a dimensionally precise blank. A high density, low pressure molding system provides low processing shrinkages and stresses for precise dimensional control. The proposed cell will produce blanks an order of magnitude faster than conventional processes at a cost similar to an extruded blank and with precise process control for each part. The process is continuous and economically dependent upon batch size, making possible the cost effective porduction of small volumes as well. |
| VORTEC CORP.
3770 Ridge pike Collegeville, PA 19426 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 498-2255
Nicholas V. Coppa, Ph.D. NAVY 98-098 |
| Title: | Low Cost Production of Ceramic Ferrules using Nanocrystalline Materials |
| Abstract: | Vortec proposes to eliminate much of the cost originating from the post ceramic processing machining of single mode ferrules through the use of nanocrystalline sintering aids. Single mode ceramic ferrules made from micro particle size powders u Using a yttria-stabilized zirconia body composition, Vortec will produce a non-agglomerated, nanopowder and blend in calculated proportions with commercially available micro particle size powders to produce ferrule-form compacts. During Phase I, Vortec wi In Phase II, Vortec will develop pilot plant scale equipment for production of ferrules using nanosized yttria-stabilized zirconia powders. |
| CONCEPTUAL SYSTEMS & SOFTWARE
P.O Box 1129 Chino Valley, AZ 86323 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 636-2600
Ed P. Andert NAVY 98-099 |
| Title: | Dynamic Firing Zone Imaging System |
| Abstract: | An automated dynamic firing zone generation imaging system is needed to increase the effectiveness and utility of shipboard weapon systems. The current manual firing zone definition process is manpower intensive, complex, and cannot account for motion or changing topside configuration. These limitations greatly restrict the lethality and utility of shipboard weapons. This project proposes a dynamic firing zone 3D imaging system that runs in real-time and tracks with the weapon collecting both static and dynamic boresight scene data. The imaging data is correlated with existing reference computer CAD models, weapon configuration, and ship check information. Automated firing zones are generated and cutout definitions are made available for dynamic weapon system firing zone update. The firing zone, weapon system and ship structure are also displayed in 3D to allow engineer validation in a user-friendly and non-manpower-intensive way. The Phase I technical objective is to demonstrate the feasibility of DynaZone dynamic firing zone imaging system that accounts for motion while reducing the manpower intensity and complexity of the current firing zone generation process. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
2 Research Place, Suite 202 Rockville, MD 20850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 590-3155
Jianghong Cai NAVY 98-100 |
| Title: | Photonic Integrated Circuits for Self-Routing in Packet Switching |
| Abstract: | A GaAs based integrated circuit is proposed as a means to implement optical network switching technology for phased array antennas (PAA) and ATM switching functions. The integrated technology offers a family of components in monolithic form and combinations of these devices can be used with an optical fiber input, to strip the header from the incoming optical signal and to use this routing information to set up a path for the optical data of the payload without O/E conversion. This technology has produced vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (* 2 mA threshold), vertical cavity resonant detectors (0.6 A/W responsivity), high performance heterostructure field effect transistors (ft > 40 GHz) and waveguide absorption modulators (35:1 contrast) all using a common fabrication sequence. This technology is realized with a single epitaxial growth upon a GaAs substrate, and uses a single set of fabrication steps to realize a monolithic integrated circuit with electronics, emission, detection and modulation capability. A essential component for the all optical switching function is the HFET waveguide directional coupler switch. Using this switch for optical routing and controlling it with HFET logic, a high speed switching network can be realized. The other essential component for the self-routing function is the HFET modulator/detector which is able to remove the header by O/E conversion and then use the resulting electronic code to set up the optical switching path. These photonic circuits can implement a complete III-V chip set for an optical switching network. With this device compatibility, it is possible to implement the header removal, the header decode logic, the switch set-up circuits and the optical switching network within the area of a single integrated circuit. For the PAA, the headers contain the phase delay data for routing optical RF signals through a True Time Delay network and with sub-micron scaled devices, this function can be performed at data rates approaching 100Gb/s. In this program the integrated circuits for all optical signal routing with optoelectronic header conversion, decode and set-up for an optical switching network system with fiber inputs and outputs will be developed. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Ste 103, E&P Division Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dai Hyun Kim, Ph.D. NAVY 98-100 |
| Title: | Fast All-Optical Packet Header Processing for Self-Routing Switch |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to design and develop an all-optical packet header processing system that will perform all- optical self-routing for future optical ATM networks and optical phased array antennas. The proposed packet header processing system uses optical content addressable memory (CAM) for fast, parallel and all-optical processing, where CAM contains all the routing information. Therefore, the proposed packet switching can route high-data-rate signals in a time interval less than the packet length, so that the switch is ready to route the packet as soon as it arrives, preventing any congestion. During Phase I, POC will focus on designing CAMs for 2x2 and 4x4 switches, demonstrating through computer simulation the feasibility of the subsystem so that it can be applied in Navy phased array antennas and computer simulation. Phase II will proceed to optimization of a 16x16 prototype and initial commercialization. |
| BELTRAN, INC.
1133 East 35 Street Brooklyn, NY 11210 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(718) 377-0227
Dr. Vladimir Shkolnikov NAVY 98-101 |
| Title: | Corrosion Resistant Composite Launch Tube for Out Board Submarine System |
| Abstract: | The project is dedicated to the development of a composite construction for the launch tube of an out board submarine system that would attain an extended service life of 10 years. This is a complex R&D project that includes: determination of design parameters of operational force-temperature-time conditions; selection of the appropriate structural and refractory coating materials; selection of a rational composition alternative to the existing system; development of a manufacturing process outline; analysis of strength and serviceability of the composite launch tube construction; development of an accelerated life test program, design of a special experimental set-up and of test models; environmental survey of the candidate materials. The determination of the design parameters of operational loading and of construction will be carried out by means of computer modeling of the launch's thermodynamics, the predictable evaluation of the dependence of the structural material's fatigue resistance on the force-temperature-time operational parameters and the simulation of the launch tube's behavior under loading. For this purpose, original analytical algorithms will be developed and an existing version of the MFE software will be updated, within the framework of the project. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Dr. Alan Bray/Mr. Brian M NAVY 98-101 |
| Title: | Corrosion Prevention and Control for Outboard Submarine Systems |
| Abstract: | The Mk 77 Mod 0 Gas Generator launch tube used on SSBN submarines is currently constructed from 1026 carbon steel. The launch tube O-ring seal surfaces are exposed to sea water and are subject to corrosion resulting in an 18 month service life. A polymer composite material is required that can replace the steel and extend the service life of the launch tube to 10 years. Texas Research Institute Austin, Inc., proposes to develop a lightweight, low cost, corrosion-free polymer composite material to replace the corrosion prone steel. The composite material will meet the current launch tube design requirements including hydrostatic pressure, underwater explosive shock, shipboard vibration and ordinance testing. The composite material will be non-water soluble, and will not show significant degradation and will be able to form water tight seals over a 10 year service life. The Phase I project will determine the feasibility of replacing the metallic launch tube with a composite material and will consist of defining the design requirements, conducting a composite materials survey and evaluation, conducting a design study, fabricating subscale test articles, determining activation energies of candidate materials and preparing an accelerated life test plan for the composite launch tube. |
| JAMES R. MODEN, INC.
32 Jane Lane Bristol, RI 02809 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(401) 253-2653
James R. Moden, P. E. NAVY 98-102 |
| Title: | Safe, Environmentally Benign, Low Cost, Wakeless Monopropellants |
| Abstract: | The end product of this proposal is an improved monopropellant which is safe, non toxic, water soluble, very low cost, energetic, environmentally benign and wakeless. Calculations show that a stoichiometric blend of the water soluble constituents produce a monopropellant having an energy density of 1100 Btu/# (British thermal units per pound) and an adiabatic flame temperature of 2300 F (Fahrenheit). This monopropellant is projected to be insensitive to impact up to and including the shock imposed from military rifle fire. Experimental determinations and verifications of physical properties and of stability of the monopropellant are proposed in Phase I. Drop weight impact testing will demonstrate the insensitivity of the monopropellant to mechanical shock at levels below those encountered in blasting cap tests. Also in Phase I a proprietary technique will be demonstrated which prevents any possible detonation should the monopropellant rise above a selected temperature during the most severe test of Mil-Std-2105, the cook off or bonfire test. In the Phase I Option, preliminary combustion tests are proposed in the Alternate Fuels Combustion Test Fixture. Also, scaled safety tests will be performed as precursors to the full scale Mil-Std-2105 tests scheduled in Phase II. |
| THE ARGONIDE CORP.
240 Power Court, Suite 108 Sanford, FL 32771 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 322-2500
Frederick Tepper NAVY 98-102 |
| Title: | ALUMINIZED TORPEDO PROPELLANTS |
| Abstract: | Alex (nanosize aluminum) powder is being considered by several U. S. Navy groups as a propellant additive because it markedly increases combustion rate. Extrapolating equations for single particle combustion of aluminum shows the particle life of a 100 nanometer particle to be about 40 nanoseconds. Its small particle produces oxide that would minimize being accumulated on engine parts. Alex's rapid reaction with water also suggests its use for aluminum-sea water propulsion schemes. Alex's combustion would be enhanced by its metastable structure that provides energy in the form of a heat burst that occurs at about 400 C, causing a transformation in crystal morphology. Hydroxylamine nitrate (HAN) is a monopropellant that has been considered by the Navy as an Otto Fuel II replacement. We propose a cooperative study to support NUWC-Newport by providing samples of improved Alex compatible with stabilized HAN. We would coat Alex particles with organics that would provide increased energy over oxide passivated nano-aluminum, while shielding the aluminum from premature reaction with oxidizers such as HAN during storage. Using coated particles we would determine the feasibility of producing stable HAN-based gels. We would also develop aluminized jet fuels for potential bi-propellant systems. |
| MATERIALS SYSTEMS, INC.
521 Great Road Littleton, MA O146O | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 486-0404
James M. Glynn NAVY 98-103 |
| Title: | Low Cost, Injection Molded, Universal Hydrophones |
| Abstract: | Recent advances in towed array electronics, based on NUWC's MASC Integrated Circuit and low cost, commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) telemetry electronics, have significantly reduced the cost of towed array electronics. The largest cost element in the towed array is the cost of hydrophone sensors. In this program, MSI proposes an innovative program to adapt its low cost injection molded manufacturing methods to lower the cost of towed array hydrophone proposes to demonstrate two types of low cost hydrophones based on COTS technology and deliver these for testing at Navy test facilities. In Phase II, MSI proposes to extend this work to produce a sufficient number of hydrophone elements to support full scale testing in the TB-29A towed array program using these COTS |
| DIGITAL SYSTEM RESOURCES, INC.
12450 Fair Lakes Circle, Suite 500 Fairfax, VA 22033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 679-4560
JoAnn Patton NAVY 98-104 |
| Title: | Embedded Intelligent Tutoring Systems |
| Abstract: | As military budgets are reduced, it becomes even more critical to train operators efficiently and effectively. Individualized training via embedded Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) is one methodology with the potential to provide instruction that is individualized to the capabilities of the user. While there are many training environments that would benefit greatly by the implementation of an ITS, the cost of developing them tends to be prohibitive. To standardize the process of developing an ITS, and therefore, make them more accessible, Digital System ResourcesÇ (DSR), Inc. proposes to provide an innovative and cost-effective Integrated Intelligent Tutoring Environment (IITE) that can be used to develop ITSs for many applications. The IITE brings together the tools required to develop ITSs in a more automated fashion, including an automated knowledge engineering tool, advanced testing techniques that develop a student model, and COTS authoring software to develop the curriculum. We will also use this same architecture to develop a performance metrics and monitoring capability in a real-time environment in order to provide accurate trainee and system performance feedback. The development of ITSs using the IITE will result in reduced development time, increased learning and retention, shorter learning cycle, increased motivation, and a precise real-time performance measurement capability. |
| SONALYSTS, INC.
215 Parkway North, P.O. Box 280 Waterford, CT 06385 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 442-4355
Robert D. Smith NAVY 98-104 |
| Title: | Embedded Intelligent Tutoring Systems |
| Abstract: | An innovative Intelligent Learning Center (ILC) will be developed for application within the Tactical Control Program (TCP). The ILC will incorporate and integrate interactive courseware (ICW), simulation-based, and case-based intelligent tutoring technologies to address the unique knowledge, skill, and decision-related requirements of the TCP. The ILC software will be compatible with the TCP software and will integrate actual data from the TCP as part of the training process. This compatiblity will also facilitate ultimate embedding within the TCP and the Defense Information Infrastructure Common Operating Environment (DII COE). The ILC will: Conduct embedded, computer-aided training (i.e., no instructor required); Train concurrently with normal TCP operations; Monitor student progress and provide immediate tailored coaching; Train to a consistent performance level and mastery of defined objectives; Document training conducted and knowledge/skill mastery; Provide system-supervised practice to maintain proficiency; Adjust to changing training requirements and environments; and Provide knowledge that can be embedded as an intelligent agent. The Phase I objectives (both base effort and option) for this project will be to: 1) identify the optimal approach to developing an ILC for the TCP based on analysis of the broad range of program knowledge, skill, and cognitive learning requirements; 2) develop an ILC design based on this approach; and 3) develop a prototype ILC for a selected TCP tactical objective, such as selection of sonar or weapons settings. |
| MIDE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
247 Third St. Cambridge, MA 02141 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 441-9207
Brett Masters NAVY 98-105 |
| Title: | Tunable Passive Vibration Absorber |
| Abstract: | An adaptive passive vibration absorber prototype based on a electrically shunted piezoelectrics is proposed. The vibration absorber comprises of sensing, signal processing, electrical impedance and actuation subsystems. The sensing subsystem provides reference signals for the adaptation algorithm. Modern signal processing techniques, visa vi. the discrete wavelet transform, are used to generate the commands that update programmable electrical impedance characteristics that passive couple to the structural actuation system. Actuation is provided either by Piezo Fiber Composites, a promising recent development in piezoelectric actuation, or appropriately arranged stack actuators. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Fred Kern NAVY 98-105 |
| Title: | Tunable Vibration Absorber System |
| Abstract: | In Phase I a system for structural hull vibration reduction using tunable vibration absorbers will be developed which can reduce the radiated noise of small underwater vehicles using minimum weight, volume and energy. This system will use minimal power for tuning control and monitoring in comparison to the use of active noise control. This is especially important for electrically powered UUVs which carry a limited energy supply. The basic concepts to be used for adaptively controlled frequency tunable resonators were demonstrated in part in an earlier program. This program will extend tunable vibration absorber capabilities to multi modal structures such as those in torpedo hulls. Practical tunable vibration absorber devices, sized for minimum volume and weight and capable of providing specified noise reduction performance will be designed and analyzed. We will evaluate and develop additions to current tuning strategies that assure that the absorber is tuned only to frequencies related to modes which radiate well. These will range from simple lookup tables based on reciprocity radiation efficiency tests, to onboard sensors including accelerometers and hull mounted acoustic intensity probes. Associated signal processing methods capable of determining the hull mode shapes and possibly their radiation efficiency will be developed as needed. Ultimately the use of towed arrays will be available for determining real time radiated noise. The benefits of the adaptive tunable absorber system to be developed will be the capability to reduce low frequency range vibration and noise with minimum weight, small, low average power consumption devices. These devices will provide much better performance per unit weight for reducing tonal vibration than passive broadband treatments usually applied over extended areas. When combined with broad band treatments, total noise control system treatment weight can be reduced by tailoring the design of the broad band treatment to absorb the higher frequency vibration while using the tuned absorber to reduce low frequency noise. These devices will be used in applications which are sensitive to noise weight and power requirements including torpedos UUVs and advanced marine vehicles, amphibious and automotive vehicles, and manned and unmanned aircraft, particularly when variable speed operation is involved. |
| SATCON TECHNOLOGY CORP.
161 First Street Cambridge, MA 02142 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 349-0821
James H, Goldie NAVY 98-105 |
| Title: | An Adaptive-Passive Electromagnetic Vibration Absorber |
| Abstract: | optimized torpedo-compatible design; identify an appropriate control algorithm; demonstrate feasibility in the lab; and delineate the major items of a follow-on prototype test program. |
| ADVANCED ACOUSTIC CONCEPTS
200 13th Avenue Ronkonkoma, NY 11779 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 750-6900
Neil J. Malloy NAVY 98-106 |
| Title: | Acoustic Interference Rejection |
| Abstract: | This SBIR project will determine the feasilibility of acoustic interference rejection techniques for a submarine acoustic intercept system. The signal processing techniques developed will permit the continuous tracking of active weapon sonars in the presence of interference from countermeasures and other sources. Existing submarine acoustic sensors will be used. Multiple emitter location techniques will be developed to allow separation of desired signals and interference which overlap in frequency and time. Time delay estimation techniques will be developed for rejection of decoy countermeasure signals. The algorithms will be developed, tested and sized for implementation in a COTS signal processor. |
| TRIDENT SYSTEMS, INC.
10201 Lee Highway, Suite 300 Fairfax, VA 22030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 691-7768
Mike Casey NAVY 98-107 |
| Title: | DD21 Smart Product Model Development |
| Abstract: | Drawing on our experience with computer and mechanical systems engineering, this Trident/Intergraph team will develop an SPM environment based on a detailed assessment of DD21 program needs. Our approach will focus on integration of currently-used DD21 and Navy-standard toolsets to develop SPM specifications to address a broad scope of system development support requirements, and demonstrate the feasibility of our approach through an example problem. This demonstration will lay the groundwork for a full-scale implementation of the DD21 Smart Product Model for use by DD21 government-industry Integrated Product Teams. Development of infrastructure and unique toolsets to support a Smart Product Model encompasses a broad range of activity. Under Phase I of this SBIR, the Trident/Intergraph team will develop a methodology and foundational toolset to support limited capture, creation, and analysis of a Smart Product Model. Phase II will extend this SPM environment to support further activities in parallel with the system development activities associated with the DD21 program. Phase III of this SBIR will extend this SPM environment to support the broadest range of activities within the SBA framework. |
| AGILE SYSTEMS, INC.
3050 AB Clover Road Bethel, OH 45106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(513) 734-7009
James P. Karlen NAVY 98-108 |
| Title: | Large-Scale Configurable Gripper for Ordnance Handling Robot |
| Abstract: | Initiatives undertaken by the U.S. Navy will dramatically change the nature of large-caliber shipboard gun systems deployed in the next decade for naval surface fire support. In addition to significant advances in ammunition, such as the development of course-correcting rocket-assisted shells and precision terminal guidance systems, basic gun and magazine designs are undergoing fundamental changes. Large-scale, high-speed robotic manipulators mounted within compact magazines will be employed to perform automatic handling and loading of 5-inch and 155mm shells and propellant charges so as to minimize gun manning requirements, maximize ordnance stowage density and achieve the highest rates of sustained fire. No adequate gripper presently exists for such large-scale manipulator systems. The program outlined herein addresses that problem, focusing on the development of a highly flexible, configurable gripper with the dexterity, load capacity and features required to maximize the potential of automated ordnance handling robots, as well as large-scale manipulators designed for similar kinds of precision material-handling applications in industry. In Phase I, the feasibility of the design concept and specifications will be established. In Phase II, a prototype will be engineered, manufactured and tested. In Phase III, production versions of the device will be implemented for Navy and industrial applications. |
| ORBITAL RESEARCH, INC.
11000 Ceadar Ave., Suite 461 Cleveland, OH 44106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(216) 791-6749
Ravi Vaidyanathan NAVY 98-109 |
| Title: | Unified Control Theory for Heavy Payload Handling Robot |
| Abstract: | The Orbital Research Unified Control Solution will provide an efficient, flexible modular distributed control system for automated heavy payload handling systems. Part of the efficiency and flexibility of the Orbital Research Unified Control Soloution is provided by the Orbital Research Intelegent Control Algorithm (ORICA). ORICA is a proven adaptive predictive controller that uses a continuously re-identified input-output model to make a prediction about system outputs (eg. robot position) several time steps in the future, and computes a control action that will drive the robot to follow a specified trajectory. The Orbital Research Unified Control Soloution also benefits from the flexibility provided by a modular control system. This program will evaluate the ability of the Orbital Research Unified Control Solution to control a model of an automated gun magazine through all phases of operation, including the grabbing and placing of shells. The Phase I program is focused on evaluating the ability of the distributed Orbotal Research Unified Control Solution to provide a complete control solution for shipboard payload handling systems, such as an automated gun magazine. |
| ACCURATE AUTOMATION CORP.
7001 Shallowford Road Chattanooga, TN 37421 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(423) 894-4646
Richard Akita/Alianna J. NAVY 98-110 |
| Title: | Rugged, Portable Ground Station for NSFS Targeting |
| Abstract: | Under this project and with a follow-on Phase II, Accurate Automation will build a hand-held device for Forward Air Supprt--Marine (FASM). This device, the Hand-held Terminal Targeting/Control System (HTTS) will enabe a Marine forward observer to perform terminal control of a ship-launched missile (e.g., ERGM). It will also support two-way development of SA; the forward observer will be able to send local observations of friend and foe activities back to a central command point, and receive relevant aspects of the overall tactical picture. HTTS will contain communications up and down links (preferably using spread spectrum), a GPS receiver, batteries, and a graphical user interface (GUI), along with computational capabilities. During Phase I, we will work with members of the user community to identify requirements and design system architecture, develop communications protocols for describing SA, and construct and demonstrate a workstation emulaton of HTTS (with emulations of external communications). In the Phase I Option, we will transition to a real hardware device that can be a prototype for the final HTTS physical configuration. We will port the capabilities demonstrated in Phase I to the new environment, and demonstrate the capabiities within the new configuration. |
| DUBBS & SEVERINO, INC.
30 Via Lucca, Suite F308 Irvine, CA 92612 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 852-9277
Kimberly L. Dubbs NAVY 98-110 |
| Title: | Battlefield Weapons and Data Management System |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this Phase I effort is to lay the foundation for development of a man-portable Battlefield Weapons and Data Management System. This device will man-portable Battlefield Weapons and Data Management System. This device will effectively interact with command elements, by helping them coordinate with other operatives, and by facilitating their delivery of fire to enemy targets. The proposed work focuses on the basic research and experimentation required to build a prototype device. During Phase I, we will construct a laboratory version that boasts a reasonable subset of the functionality ultimately expected of the final product. We will then use this prototype as a platform for software development, for the evolution of system specifications, and for the evaluation of peripheral components that other companies will provide. The results of this effort will enable us to demonstrate the viability of our technical approach. In its solicitation, the Navy states that it requires technologies to improve the effectiveness of soldiers operating under remotely supported, forward battlefield conditions. The proposed Phase I effort will demonstrate a prototype system that meets this need. |
| SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CORP.
2300 Windy Ridge Parkway, Suite 400 South Atlanta, GA 30339 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 989-9486
Erik Kjeldsen NAVY 98-110 |
| Title: | Rugged, Portable Ground Station for NSFS Targeting |
| Abstract: | Scientific Research Corporation (SRC) proposes to design and develop a Portable Ground Station that is easily carried by forward-deployed marines for use in targeting and surveillance. The Portable Ground Station will be capable of controlling and monitoring weapons and surveillance assets (UAVs) launched from ships positioned over the horizon and to designate targets to those ships and their weapons. Communications with the UAV(s) will be through a high-speed wireless data link. The wireless link will be LPI/LPD via the use of spread spectrum techniques. In addition, the Portable Ground Station shall be capable of receiving high quality compressed video using Wavelet compression techniques from the UAV(s). Thus, company or possibly smaller-size maneuver units can obtain tactical situational awareness data or neutralize specific objectives which can not be readily achieved through conventional call-fire methods. |
| JD INTERNATIONAL LTD.
9906 Manet Rd Burke, VA 22015 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 503-3019
John I. Connolly, Jr NAVY 98-111 |
| Title: | Very Low Cost, High Performance Fire Support Munition |
| Abstract: | The current performance requirements for Naval Surface Fire Support place performance demands on the projectile far beyond what the current projectile/gun combination, or any evolutionary improvements thereto, can provide. A revolutionary approach is required. PMS-429 has taken a bold step in developing the ERGM round. It meets the formal range, accuracy and flyout time requirements nicely. The estimated cost, however, is larger than desired. In this proposal, the JDI Team has taken a different approach, called HYPA (High Performance Affordable) Munitions. We have deliberately removed the major high cost components of the designs which incorporate GPS/IMU guidance for accuracy and lifting surfaces for range. We then strive to get the best performance we can at a very low cost through a combination of clever design approaches and newly available technologies. We believe that we can achieve ranges similar to those of ERGM and other guiding and lifting designs, with a cost on the order of a factor of 5-10 less, a flyout time much faster, and an accuracy on the order of 100 meters. The objectives of Phase I are to conduct a concept formulation study, assess the commercial potential of HYPA technologies and concepts, and develop a long range demonstration plan to be implemented in any follow-on phase. |
| LUTRONIX CORP.
13627 Portofino Drive Del Mar, CA 92014 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 259-1006
Dr. Gary M. Lee NAVY 98-111 |
| Title: | NAVARM Naval Range Extender for Army Artillery Shells |
| Abstract: | This is a proposal for the design, fabrication and test of a 155mm munition which uses aerodynamic lift to greatly extend its range. Previously flight-tested BLAM (Ballistic Launched Adaptive Munition) technology will be used to provide solid state, smart material. aerodynamic control surfaces with bandwidths of several hundreds hertz. The required munition control authority is greatly reduced because attitude errors are corrected before they become large. The solid state BLAM actuators are very light, low power, inexpensive, and reliable A 155mm BLAM will be fabricated and wind tunnel tested in Phase I. The main goal of the Phase I effort is to develop a BLAM compatible guidance system. A broad range of guidance concepts will be considered including : (1) a simple replacement of movable canards on the despun portion of the competent munition ATD; (2) a munition with reduced spin rate that does not require despinning the guidance package or any canards; (3) an RF beam rider munition requiring no despinning, canards, or INS/GPS package. The Phase II effort will fabricate and flight test a 155 mm, guided BLAM munition. BLAM technology has a broad range of applications using a broad range of guidance systems from sniper rifles to BMD. |
| COLTEC
1250 Washington St., P.O. Box 403 Columbus, IN 47202 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(812) 372-9064
P. Douglas Free NAVY 98-112 |
| Title: | Small, Rugged Internal Combustion Engine |
| Abstract: | The successful development of this small diameter diesel engine enables a new family of unmanned aircraft. The proposal is based on work at a world leading engine manufacturer and has a patent pending. The technology has been made available to ColTec through a license agreement. University research is being pursued. The package is 5.0 inches in diameter, 12.0 inches long and is expected to produce up to 10 horsepower at 10,000 rpm and to weigh 9 lbs. Two opposed rotors form four pumping chambers. A robust cam/roller system creates intake, compression, expansion and exhaust events (4 cycle) with each revolution. A central shaft provides power take off at either end. The unit is completely balanced. Gas flow is managed by rotor edges passing ports, so no poppet valves are required. Powder-metal and die-cast technologies are extensively specified to reduce cost and weight. Compresion ignition assures high thermal efficiency. Electronic control is integral. Dual fuel injectors increase reliability and fuel efficiency. Large area contact surfaces throughout the design, along with a novel energy absorption canister, deal with the 9000g setback forces. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Avenue Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4233
Roger Demler NAVY 98-112 |
| Title: | Small, Rugged Internal Combustion Engine |
| Abstract: | A small twin cylinder 4-cycle engine will be developed to propel a gun launched UAV. The technology exists to start and run this engine on relatively safe jet fuels at high efficiency and relatively low noise and thermal signature. Fuel consumption will be half that of a comparable 2-cycle. Relatively conservative ratings compared to automotive practice suggests long life and reliability that will be more important in other continuous duty and reusable military applications such as generator sets, robot propulsion and portable tools. |
| SONEX RESEARCH, INC.
23 Hudson Street Annapolis, MD 21401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 266-5556
Dr. Andrew A. Pouring NAVY 98-112 |
| Title: | Sonex Combustion System (SCS) Small, Rugged Internal Combustion Engine Operating on Heavy Fuels |
| Abstract: | Sonex Research, Inc. proposes to develop a small (5 lb.), rugged (gun- launchable), low-cost, spark-ignited (SI) internal combustion engine that runs on a shipboard-safe heavy fuel for application to aircraft propulsion and electric power generation. The design will use an innovative extension of the Sonex Combustion System (SCS). SCS itself is now being applied to convert gasoline fueled engines to use heavy fuels in small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV's) such as EXDRONE and is undergoing UAV testing at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), the USMC Systems Command in Quantico, and the U.S. Naval Air Warfare Center, Patuxent River. Commercial SI gasoline engines will be identified and their SCS conversion potential assessed. The SCS NRL design will be scaled to the engine most suitable for this application. Under subcontract, Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) of McLean, VA will help design modifications to the engine necessary to meet the 9000g setback acceleration and other SBIR transition interface requirements. The contract deliverable will be a Final Report detailing the project objectives, work performed, results obtained, including testing on a prototype engine, and estimates of technical feasibility. |
| VERITAY TECHNOLOGY, INC.
4845 Millersport Highway, PO Box 305 East Amherst, NY 14051 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(716) 689-0177
James T. Barnes NAVY 98-112 |
| Title: | Small, Rugged Internal Combustion Engine |
| Abstract: | The Department of Defense has a growing interest in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to provide over-the-horizon surveillance, detection, classification and destruction of time-critical surface targets. Forward Area Support Munition (FASM), a Navy ATD program approved for FY99 start, is a 5-inch gun-launched projectile that transforms into a propeller propelled UAV. A future engine for the system must sustain 9000 g gun launch, generate 4 Bhp, integrate into a 5-inch diameter-18-inch long cavity, and reliably start and function using a heavy low vulnerability fuel such as JP-5. To meet these requirements, Veritay proposes a compact uniquely configured 2-stroke cycle-2 cylinder cluster engine concept that exhibits inherent acceleration hardening characteristics and many other beneficial features. The proposed Phase I effort includes conceptual engine design to meet system requirements, experimental demonstration of a heavy fuel operating concept using a modified conventional engine, and analysis to show the ability of the engine design to survive a high-g gun launch. Detailed engine and control component design will occur during the Phase I optional program to permit fabrication and test early in Phase II. |
| GREYPILGRIM LLC
PO Box 3426 Gaithersburg, MD 20885 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 975-5432
Ron Graham NAVY 98-113 |
| Title: | A Multi-Use Manufacturing Manipulator (MUMM) Based on the EMMA Robotic Arm |
| Abstract: | GreyPilgrim LLC has patented and developed a long-reach manipulator that combines modular components in a reconfigurable, flexible, lightweight design suitable for a wide variety of commercial and government applications. We have demonstrated 8Ç, 15Ç, and 33Ç implementations of the modular EMMAÇ robotic arm technology under DOE Hanford contracts for use in retrieving nuclear waste from deteriorating underground storage tanks. The arm is also being developed with Boeing for aerospace manufacturing processes such as cleaning, depainting, and inspection of aircraft. Much of these R&D efforts have taken place under the auspices of a CRADA between GreyPilgrim LLC and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), where an open-architecture control system is being incorporated into the EMMA controller. The proposed multi-use manufacturing manipulator (MUMM) is similar in many respects to versions of EMMA already demonstrated. GreyPilgrim is therefore able to offer substantially greater progress than is normally possible with a Phase I SBIR contract. Proposed Phase I research will focus upon system modularity, portability, and flexibility requirements, deployment scenarios, and arm/tool integration. In Phase II a working prototype will be built and tested. |
| AEPTEC MICROSYSTEMS, INC.
15800 Crabbs Branch Way, Suite 300 Rockville, MD 20855 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 670-6770
Steven C. Chen NAVY 98-114 |
| Title: | Context Dependent Prognostics and Health Assessment: A New PAradigm for Condition - Based Maitenance |
| Abstract: | In today's military environment ships, systems, and equipment are being asked to perform at levels not thought possible a decade ago. The intent is to improve process operations and equipment reliability, availability, and maintainability without costly upgrades. Of course, these gains must be achieved without impacting combat readiness. Downsizing is also taking its toll on operations. Loss of personnel, particularly those who represent the corporate history, is depleting the Navy of its valuable experiential base which has been so heavily relied on in the past. These realizations are causing the Navy to rethink its condition-based maintenance policies, moving them away from reacting to equipment problems to taking a proactive approach to anticipate needs based on mission requirements. This SBIR will develop a new approach to condition-based maintanance-Context Dependent Prognostics and Health Assessment. This advanced diagnostics capability will be developed around a context dependent model that provides a capability to anticipate incipient system/element failures and determine machine performance over a protracted period of time. This prognostic capability will link mission requirements to an economic performance model. In this context, a system may provide 100% operability with less than 100% functionality. This new paradigm will be integrated into the Navy enterprise system to facilitate optimal logistic supply and support. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
2 Research Place, Suite 202 Rockville, MD 20850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 590-3155
Dr. ChiMan Kwan NAVY 98-114 |
| Title: | Condition Based Maintenance Using Neural Networks |
| Abstract: | In this proposal, Intelligent Automation Inc. (IAI) proposes an innovative new method of engine degradation monitoring, fault detection, and diagnostics, which is robust to sensor noise and is efficient in training and learning. This innovation will also allow us to detect new fault conditions that have not occurred before. This may include sensor failures and hence, the capability of validity self-checks. We propose to use two neural networks: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Fuzzy CMAC. PCA is a powerful technique for extracting the features inside the input signals. We have seen that PCA can reduce the signal dimension from 800 to 5 in several applications. A major advantage of PCA is that supervised learning is unnecessary. It can also be implemented in low-cost hardware. The Fuzzy CMAC (Cerebellar Model Arithmetic Computer) inherits preferred features of arbitrary function approximation, fast learning, and parallel processing from the original CMAC neural network, and the capability of acquiring and incorporating human knowledge into a system and the capabilities of acquiring and incorporating human knowledge into a system and processing information from the fuzzy inference rules of fuzzy logic. Our learning rates are at least an order of magnitude faster than conventional neural nets. The Universal Approximation Theorem that we have formally proven shows that any function can be learned to any degree of accuracy with enough learning cycles. The proposed method is relevant to the subtopic because our innovation can provide an early warning before the system actually fails. The purpose is to increase time between overhaul and safety. |
| ORINCON
9363 Towne Centre Dr. San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 455-5530
Dr. David Wroblewski NAVY 98-114 |
| Title: | Machine Health Prediction for Condition-Based Maintenance |
| Abstract: | The failure of machine components is expected but difficult to predict. The worst-case maintenance procedures are very expensive, as all parts of a given type must be replaced after a fixed number of hours, regardless of the fatigue and wear that they have experienced. A less restrictive high-fatigue schedule reduces costs but may result in a larger number of catastrophic failures. By analyzing the vibrational characteristics and performance parameters of an operating machine, one can determine the extent of degradation due to fatigue without the necessity of dismantling the engine and performing a detailed inspection of its components. The conditionbased maintenance will result in large cost savings by extending the useful life of mechanical components, reducing unnecessary maintenance, and safeguarding against premature failure of components. ORINCON proposes to develop an automated health monitoring system to predict the development of mechanical faults in an operating turbine engine and to provide suggestions for the engine maintenance schedule, based on the predicted failure mode, The system will be implemented as a combination of advanced signal processing and neural network expert systems. A general framework for machine health monitoring and prognosis will be developed and applied in Phase 11 to a ship system. |
| PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP.
8807 Sudley Road, Suite 210 Manassas, VA 20110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 368-6107
Bob Mayer NAVY 98-115 |
| Title: | COTS Approach to Information Security |
| Abstract: | The commercial world has tended to focus on the performance of computer systems, and not always on their abilities to control information access. Many of the products and systems being developed today have wider and easier access to their data as their main goal. The precepts behind the World-Wide Web, Open Systems Architecture, and the Free Software Foundation are based on the desire to provide free, easy access to the information they control. It is not surprising, then, to find that these computer systems and architectures have real problems when it comes to security. As a result of the demand for security solutions in the commercial world, commercial solutions have become an a viable alternative for todays military systems. This propsed effort will utilize submarine combat system experts along with commercial security solutions to derive a solid solution for security requirements. |
| K2 TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
11599 Southington Lane Herndon, VA 20170 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 742-7699
Kishore N. Vora NAVY 98-116 |
| Title: | The LAST Sensor: Elastomeric Large Strain Measurement Gage |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR effort investigates a novel large strain sensor concept constructed using all elastomeric materials for measuring large strains on surface of elastomers. An experimental investigation in formulation of a resistive elastomer is proposed. Concurrently, a strain field model is developed to match and guide the material selection of the large strain sensor. A sensor model is developed to predict the sensor performance and its sensitivity to the operating environment. Using these results, a prototype LAST (LArge STrain) sensor is designed, batch-fabricated, and integrated including a portable PC based data acquisition system. Each sensor is tested and characterized developing its own response curve. The LAST sensor is planned to be field tested at the Navy labs in demonstrating the concept feasibility. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
2520 W. 237th St. Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-7130
John Prohaska, Ph.D. NAVY 98-116 |
| Title: | Fiber Optic Strain Sensors in Elastomers for Large Strain Measurements |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a novel compact submersible fiber optic strain sensor. The sensor will be suitable for operation in seawater, and capable of accurate measurements of strain or displacement to a maximum deformation of 150% strain. POC expects this sensor will find wide acceptance in the rubber and elastomer industry, where "high-tech" elastomers are receiving considerable attention. Also, the high-deformation strain sensor will be of critical interest to the Navy for programs such as the Elastometric Torpedo Launcher system, The sensor will be easily integrated into such systems for real-time monitoring of the elastomer parts during normal operations. Specifically, sensor combines two technologies: fiber Bragg grating strain sensors and elastomer fiber optics. In Phase I, POC proposes to demonstrate the feasibility of the elastomer fiber optic strain sensor. |
| SURRY ENGINEERING ASSOC.
P.O. Box 139 Surry, ME 04684 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(207) 667-6211
Richard H. Messier, Ph.D. NAVY 98-116 |
| Title: | A Photoelastic Technique For Measuring Large Strains On The Surface Of Submerged Elastomers |
| Abstract: | The technology to accumulate and store significant levels of strain energy in an elastomeric material has been widely demonstrated through inflation of various shapes using both air and water pressure. Familiar examples include automobile tires, toy balloons, and some types of recreational and scientific balloon like devices. In most cases, however, these devices are not specifically designed for energy storage through deformation of the elastomeric material. The fact that energy is stored within the elastomer is an unavoidable consequence of the design. Also, other than toy balloons, these objects typically do not undergo significantly large mechanical strain during normal operation. Another class of elastomeric parts includes diaphragms in fluid pumps. These parts often undergo large strains, but are not typically designed to store energy as a primary objective. A third class of parts includes certain fluid pump diaphragms currently under consideration for future applications in ocean engineering. These parts are designed for energy storage specifically through accumulation of large mechanical strains. Optimal design of these parts requires ability to numerically predict and experimentally measure the distribution of mechanical strain on the surface of the part. The measurement must be done in-situ while submerged in water. Proposed herein is investigation and determination of the feasibility of a process to measure these large strains in-situ using photoelastic coatings. A program is proposed which includes research, technology shortfall identification, technology solution exploration, concept design for the process, and performance of a riskmitigation scale model experiment to demonstrate feasibility. Accurate measurement of surface strains on inflated elastomers is critical to future development of efficient, long lasting diaphragms for large fluid pumps. The measurement technology is needed for product design validation, proof testing, and in-situ operational condition monitoring and assessment. The use of elastomeric materials is widespread in many industries, both in air and in water. The technique proposed herein is expected to be widely applicable in these industries. |
| PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP.
8807 Sudley Road, Suite 210 Manassas, VA 20110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 368-6107
Ken Anderson NAVY 98-117 |
| Title: | Combat System Testing & System Integrity Tools |
| Abstract: | With COTS based systems requiring technology upgrades during development and after system delivery, T&I will become a series of perpetual integration periods. T&I for the C3I will occur at each of the development facilities, the COATS, and the platform. T&I at the COATS and the platform present the biggest challenge due to the complexity of the respective T&I environments. The individual subsystem developers will perform testing as early as possible including using the WAIF to conduct early S/CC/A subsystem interface testing. Great care has been taken to establish a sound process for Integration and Test of the submarine system. When considering the complexity of NSSN and the number of new COTS components that will used, there will be significant opportunity for innovative (cost saving) processes to be established. After the SDCT period, problems will undoubtedly be uncovered during the T&I periods at the COATS and on the platform that will require find, fix and retest (FFR) efforts. These FFR periods represent biggest challenge for the C3I system in that the amount of retesting (i.e., regression testing) required has a significant impact on the overall T&I period. This SBIR's objective is to help reduce and automate the test process for large, complex military systems. |
| CENTER FOR REMOTE SENSING, INC.
11350 Random Hills Rd., Suite 710 Fairfax, VA 22030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 385-7717
Suman Ganguly NAVY 98-118 |
| Title: | Plasma Antenna |
| Abstract: | The development of stealthy, dynamically reconfigurable antennas that can detect radar signals between 1-40 GHz using plasmas is proposed. The proposed antennas size is small enough to fit in a periscope barrel, with diameter 7 inches and height 3 inches. The reconfigurable antenna is based on capillary plasma discharges. Such discharges require very little energy, and create, highly conducting plasmas with the shape of capillary. Various antenna configurations can be created by synthesizing capillaries, which can receive as well as transmit signals. During the first phase of the proposal trade off studies will be performed to select the optimum design of a plasma antenna configuration, and test a simple dipole configuration of the capillary plasma antenna. |
| AST ENGINEERING SERVICES, INC.
12200 E. Briarwood Ave., Suite 260 Englewood, CO 80112 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 790-4242
Mr. George Krasovec NAVY 98-119 |
| Title: | Augmenting CORBA with High Assurance Data Integrity Mechanisms |
| Abstract: | The ultimate goal of the proposed R&D is to design, develop and validate innovative CORBA-based software security services and compatible hardware architectures which provide high assurance for multi-level secure (MLS) network applications. The proposed approach is innovative in that it is based on the emerging OMG Security Services Specification (SSS) plus a proprietary technique for maintaining the integrity of stored data items. This latter feature is not addressed by the CORBA Security Services Specification and is critical for the trusted implementation of automated release mechanisms (guards) which regulate the flow of data between different MLS protection domains. The Phase I objectives include an assessment of CORBA architectural implications with respect to security evaluation criteria and certification requirements, and the development of an implementation approach for a high assurance data integrity mechanism. This data integrity mechanism is based on public key encryption methods and will prevent unauthorized information flows in conjunction with other security enforcement mechanisms. A proof-of-concept prototype will be developed to demonstrate the feasibility of our data integrity mechanism and explore the limits of scalability for a CORBA-based MLS network architecture to ensure our approach will be usable in realistic operational settings. |
| PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP.
8807 Sudley Road, Suite 210 Manassas, VA 20110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 368-6107
Randy Tuene NAVY 98-122 |
| Title: | Low Cost Replacement for Versa Module Europe (VME) Chassis Computing Systems |
| Abstract: | This SBIR focuses on researching and selecting a new, better, and cheaper digital processing architecture for inclusion within an existing submarine tactical system. Although VME has already saved the government millions of dollars in development costs compared to the cost of producing full-mil, specialized hardware and software, there is yet another step in the cost reduction process. The commercial market is today producing highly capable, low-cost system solutions which, now that the COTS concept has been proven out, can perform many of the tasks which VME is doing today, and can perform those tasks cheaper. This development effort should start as early as possible, both to leverage savings in systems not yet developed but planned, and to assess the market's ability to support system development in the near term. |
| SEALANDAIRE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
2400 E. Ganson St., Suite A Jackson, MI 49202 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(517) 764-7899
Mr. Joseph A. Sikora NAVY 98-123 |
| Title: | Low Cost Sonobuoy Technology Applied to Towed Arrays |
| Abstract: | The objective of this program is to develop a low cost hydrophone for use in towed line arrays. To this objective, Phase I will identify and develop hydrophone array assemblies using cost-effective hydrophone designs. This will be accomplished through the use of sonobuoy technology as related to design and manufacturability. During Phase I the specification requirements for the array will be determined and a new hydrophone element design will be developed. The hydrophone elements will be designed into an subarray. This subarray will be of a form factor that direct replacement of current subarrays may be accomplished. This program will identify the hydrophone design, the methodology of manufacturing for the hydrophone element and the subarray, and an assessment of the required manufacturing labor. In addition, the cost of the proposed subarray design will be determined as purchased in quantities of 4000. Phase I will also demonstrate, that the proposed hydrophone element meets the design specification. It will also show how the hydrophone element is integrated into the subarray. It will show how the hydrophone could be developed into a family of hydrophones that apply to a wide range of subarrays for towed array applications. |
| NEPTUNE SCIENCES, INC.
150 Cleveland Ave. Slidell, LA 70458 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(504) 649-7252
Jesette P. Fabre NAVY 98-124 |
| Title: | Sonar Performance Enhancement in the Littoral Environment |
| Abstract: | A significant amount of effort has been applied to the extremely complex littoral environment, particularly in the area of acoustics. The Navy's increasing requirements to operate in shallow water necessitates examination of the Navy's models for prediction of shallow water phenomena. Ambient noise in shallow water is not well understood or well modeled. Surf noise is a major contributor to ambient noise in shallow water and offshore. Surf noise has been observed at distances well over 10 km seaward of the surf zone by operational Navy sonars (Stewart, 1994) and by a limited number of measurement exercises (O.B. Wilson, et al., 1985, Fabre and J.H. Wilson, 1995). Surf noise is a shallow water phenomena that is only recently becoming understood. It has been shown that surf noise is broadband noise that propagates from unique surf zones several kilometers to sea and can be dominate measured broadband ambient noise fields (Stewart, et al., 1994). To ensure success in today's shallow water missions, the Navy needs a clear understanding of the propagation characteristics and noise fields. A surf noise model (Wilson, et al., 1997; Fabre and Wilson, 1997) developed by Neptune Sciences, Inc. (NSI) and the Naval Postgraduate school (NPS)is based on an inverse technique in which the surf noise source level density (SLD) in the surf zone is deduced from ambient noise measurements taken many kilometers seaward of the surf zone. The critical factor in applying this inverse technique is to be able to model the transmission loss (TL) accurately from points along the surf zone to the surf noise measurement location seaward. Ambient noise due to shipping and local wind/wave-breaking are estimated and subtracted from the total noise measured. The reason that the site dependent TL modeling is so critical is that, if done accurately, the SLDs estimated for surf should be site independent. The SLD should only depend on frequency, wave height and type, and surf zone width and not on the propagation conditions from the surf zone, seaward. Thus, once derived, the SLD can be used to estimate surf noise in other areas where surf noise measurements do not exist. That is, the surf noise model (the SLD and TL model with inputs) can be used to accurately estimate surf noise at any location in the world. These concepts will be illustrated with past surf noise data analyses performed by NSI/NPS (Wilson et al., 1997; Fabre and Wilson, 1997). |
| LASSON TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1331 Avenida de Cortez Pacific Palisades, CA 90272 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 459-0101
Marvin B. Klein NAVY 98-125 |
| Title: | Novel, adaptive, scanning laser vibrometer for measurements on rotating propellers in water |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will investigate a novel alternative to the laser Doppler vibrometer for measurements on rotating propellors in water. Specifically, we will investigate a vibrometer based on photo-emf detection, in conjunction with conventional rotational tracking. The vibrometer incorporates a reference-beam interferometer to provide optical signals to the photo-emf detector. We believe that this type of vibrometer is significantly less susceptible to undesirable signals and added noise that compromise the performance of conventional Doppler vibrometers. We will describe preliminary experiments which support this point of view. During the program we will characterize and optimize our interferometer, leading to a direct side-by-side comparison with a Doppler instrument. At the conclusion of the Phase I effort we plan to demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of our approach, which should result in a robust, low-cost scanning device which can interrogate diffuse surfaces with minimum impact from the beam rotation process. |
| SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING CORP.
P. O. Box 162487 Austin, TX 78716 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 306-1100
Michael G. Durrett, Ph.D. NAVY 98-125 |
| Title: | Optimized Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrational Measurements on Rotating Propellers in Water |
| Abstract: | Systems and Processes Engineering Corporation (SPEC) proposes to develop a straightforward methodology for the setup and operation of a rotating beam laser vibrometer to map and measure the vibrations of a rotating naval propeller in water. SPEC will develop a measurement system which integrates a laser vibrometer, a SPEC developed image derotator system, control software and straightforward alignment methodology. The compact image derotator system will incorporate remotely controlled piezoelectric alignment elements and integrated computer control for rotation and phase control. This component will provide a stationary image of the rotating object and probe beam and will provide visual feedback for the alignment of the probe beam with the rotational axis of the propeller. Various system configurations will be considered and the relative merits evaluated. The final delivered system will be a rotating beam laser vibrometer system with associated documentation for setup and operation |
| TRIDENT SYSTEMS, INC.
10201 Lee Highway, Suite 300 Fairfax, VA 22030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 359-6226
Scott D. Thomas NAVY 98-126 |
| Title: | Combat Systems COTS System Administration |
| Abstract: | Integrated Electronic Technical Manuals (IETM) are used by maintenance and operating personnel to obtain technical information and trouble-shooting procedures for ship's equipment. For the New Attack Submarine (NSSN) Non-Propulsion Electronic Systems (NPES), the current plan is for the operator to bring up an IETM viewer, of which there may be several types, and manually index to the appropriate section of the IETM. We propose to design and implement an Automated Performance Support System Tool (APSST) to integrate this capability directly into the NPES System Management function. The APSST will start the IETM viewer and automatically index to the appropriate section of the IETM, thereby providing an intelligent, interactive system administration tool for systems diagnostics. The APSST will also bring up viewers for Interactive Course Ware (ICW) where this is appropriate. |
| DIGITAL SYSTEM RESOURCES, INC.
12450 Fair Lakes Circle, Suite 500 Fairfax, VA 22033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 263-2807
Michael Witlin NAVY 98-127 |
| Title: | Next Generation Combat System Display |
| Abstract: | DSR proposes three new concepts to improve performance and reduce workload for all SSN Combat Systems operators. 1) The automated generation of geographic situation (GEOSIT)-Plan View displays with icons and linked vectors representing ownship and contacts being held. 2) Classification confirmation and contact monitoring with SmartAudio providing post beamformer audio processing gain and high signal to noise (SNR) spatial presentations for Passive Broadband and Passive Narrowband contacts. Relegation of gram reviews using colorized grams to backup analyses. 3) 3D Navigation displays with bathymetric data and mine avoidance cylinders. These displays can be isographic renderings or true stereographic presentations, separate left and right eye "Viewmaster"-like images to significantly enhance navigation for obstacle avoidance in shallow water by enabling a true 3D view with depth perception. These improvements are required because new Submarine Combat Systems are providing more information in gram format for operator review. Future littoral and battlegroup operations will require more precise navigation and will place more difficult time constraints on operators for analysis and review. Fortunately, the video game driven commercial market is providing the pull for new multimedia technology that can be exploited to reduce operator workload. |
| CONCEPTUAL SYSTEMS & SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 1129 Chino Valley, AZ 86323 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 636-2600
Russell L. Carter NAVY 98-128 |
| Title: | Unified HP/RT Development to Deployment Middleware Platform |
| Abstract: | A significant problem for modern combat control system implementations is the incompatible development and deployment environments. These applications have specific performance requirements that until recently were only accurately obtained on the target installation system. However, for various logistic and economic reasons, the platforms utilized for advanced applications have typically been incompatible with the target combat system. In recent years, technological advances in middleware technology has enabled a significant reduction in the incompatibilities between these two environments. Increasingly, high-performance hard real-time application development efforts can be expected to employ modern software development methodologies for the implementation of their operational capabilities. This is demanded by the shift to commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware and software solutions to meet stringent low-cost objectives for new Navy procurements. This SBIR proposes a Unified HP/RT Middleware Platform as a high performance, hard real-time, distributed object-based, economically efficient approach to the integration of advanced development and COTS applications. |
| PLANNING SYSTEMS, INC.
7923 Jones Branch Drive McLean, VA 22102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 734-3437
David H. Minton NAVY 98-128 |
| Title: | Migration of Advanced Development and COTS |
| Abstract: | This effort will provide a Tactical Operating Environment to support migration of advanced development and COTS applications by implementation of a common Network Environment (CNE). The key innovations are using Interface Definition Language (IDL), Internet Inter-Object Protocal (IIOP), Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) and a Java viewer. These innovations, when implemented, will provide a middleware environment in which native tactical, advanced development, and COTS applications will continue to execute unchanged, but data and products from these applications can be simultaneously viewed in a coherent space using Java viewer. The primary factors for coherency in the viewer are envisioned to be time, space, scale and projection. |
| TDI, INC.
8660 Dakota Dr Gaithersburg, MD 20877 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 208-8342
Vladimir Dmitriev NAVY 98-62B |
| Title: | Development of Aluminum Nitride Infrared Window by HVPE |
| Abstract: | TDI proposes to develop aluminium nitride infrared window material using hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) of AlN. The HVPE technique is a well-established, relatively cheap method to grow thick layers of GaN on sapphire and silicon carbide substrates. This epitaxial method provides high growth rate sufficient to obtain quasi bulk material. Our recent experiments show that high quality, thick AlN epitaxial layers can be grown by HVPE. AlN free-standing platelets have been obtained. Preliminary experiments indicate that grown AlN is transparent in the wavelength region from 2 to 6 microns. These results open the opportunity to develop large area AlN high quality infrared window material. The goal of the Phase I is to prove the concept and demonstrate free-standing 1 mm thick AlN platelets with a lateral size at least 15x15 sq.mm. We will measure physical properties of grown AlN, including optical absorption in the wavelength region from 1 to 10 microns. Test samples will be delivered. In the Phase II, we will focus on the development of multi-wafer HVPE growth process for AlN deposition. We plan to grow and characterise 25 - 50 mm diameter, 2.5 mm thick AlN disks having high crystal quality and absorption coefficient < 0.1 per centimetres at 4 microns. |
| BARRON ASSOC., INC.
1160 Pepsi Place Chrlottesville, VA 22901 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(804) 973-1215
David G. Ward AF 98-001 |
| Title: | Tactile Cueing for PIO Avoidance in Manned and Unmanner Air Vehicles |
| Abstract: | Flight test experience shows that for highly-agile controllers, pilots who do not "self olimit" their commands are likely to encounter pilot-induced oscillations (PIOs) due to actuator rate limits and other system lags. The problem is further exacerbated in remotely-piloted vehicles where pilots lack the physical cues that assist in self-limiting. Recent research has developed techniques for anticipating and avoiding actuator saturation by limiting pilot commands. While automated command-limiting prevents multivariable integrator windup, it does not change the response perceived by the pilot and may not eliminate PIO. Recent piloted-simulation experiments conducted by the U.S. Army and BAI in the Verticle Motion Simulator at NASA Ames Laboratory, demonstrated that the combination of a computational means for anticipating limits and tactile pilot cueing via stick-force feedback or stick shaking resulted in pilots being able to accomplish difficult maneuvers more aggressively, with less pilot workload, and less time spent operating at limit conditions. In the proposed Phase I SBIR program, BAI shall investigate the extent to which automatically-computed command limits can be fed back to the pilot via force-reflecting input devices for the mitigation of saturation-induced PIO for both piloted and remotely-piloted vehicles. |
| BIODYNAMIC RESEARCH CORP.
9901 IH 10 West San Antonio, TX 78230 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(210) 692-0281
John B. Bomar, Jr, PhD AF 98-001 |
| Title: | A Computer Model for Lung Pressure Transient Prediction |
| Abstract: | Biodynamic Research Corp (BRC) proposes to conduct a research study aimed at measuring and modeling dynamic gas flows and pressures in the human lung in response to rapid decompression. The program would produce new research on flow-pressure response (impedance) of the human lung to dynamic overpressure at ground level and altitude, both with and without imposed breathing resistance; attempt to estimate the human tolerance to dynamic overpressure and relate it to the design of the oxygen system so that the design ensures aircrew safety during inadvertent sudden aircraft decompression; and provide comprehensive fluid dynamic models of modern tactile aircraft breathing systems during normal operation and during rapid decompression. Phase I would establish the feasibility of the experimental program, its theoretical basis, and create a prototype computer model. The Phase II research would collect the data necessary to create a valid computer simulation of lung pressures and flows during rapid decompression. The ultimate goal of the project would be to create a computer simulation of the lung and various breathing systems, which could guide design choices to ensure aircrew safety and survivability in high-altitude aircraft flight where rapid decompression is a risk. |
| DAKOTA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
2201-A 12th Street N. Fargo, ND 58102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(701) 237-4908
Gregory Gillispie AF 98-001 |
| Title: | Real-Time Fuel Leak Detector |
| Abstract: | During Phase I Dakota Technologies, Inc. (DTI) will demonstrate a fuel leak detection system that is vastly superior to the costly, manpower-intensive techniques currently used in repair, overhaul, and production facilities. The technique uses resonance enhabced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectroscopy to test the airspace outside the tank for the presence of certain hydrocarbon constituents of all common fuels; thus, it is not necessary to add tracers to the tank, remove its contents, or otherwise change conditions in order to test for leaks. Owing to the method's extremely high sensitivity, it can easily pinpoint leaks which are so small that only vapor is escaping. The real-time response and very high spatial resolution will enable leaks to be detected in a matter of seconds. The extremely high commercial potential is enhanced by numerous spin-off applications for pipeline leak detection, environmental monitoring, and occupational health/indoor air quality assessments. DTI and North Dakota State University have already published several papers resulting from our collaborative reasearch on leak detection. We therefore propose to build an engineering prototype and demonstrate it at an actual aircraft maintenance facility in Phase I, thereby moving well beyond the goal stated in the solicitation of demonstrating the technology on fuel cell test cubes or small scale tanks in Phase II. |
| GENEX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
10605 Concord Street Kensington, MD 20895 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 962-6565
Z. Jason Geng AF 98-001 |
| Title: | A High Resolution Volumetric 3D Display Systemfor Pilot Training |
| Abstract: | Flight trajectories of airplanes are three dimensional in nature. Conventional displays used in pilot training facilities can only show two-dimensional sections of the trajectory. This makes the learning of spatial awareness a very difficult problem in pilot training because the operator must mentally visualize a 3D environment by reading and interpreting 2D displays. Furthermore, when the display does not show the third spatial dimension as readily apparent as the other two, pilots tend to solve conflict avoidance problems in the displayed two directions more often than in the three dimensions. For conflict resolution, this implies that a 2D display based training may bias pilots' solution to planar maneuvers. A high resolution true volumetric 3D display device would literally (and figuratively) add a new dimension to the pilot training, advanced human/computer interface, flight trajectory visualization and many other applications in the AF. The volumetric 3D display capability reduces the workload on both pilots and air traffic controllers, resulting in faster recognition and improved situational awareness. This can improve safety and efficiency. The 3D spatial relationship is natural and intuitive, more easily seen and more quickly identified, allowing pilots to make more efficient decisions, to be able to identify conflicts more quickly. The primary objective of this Phase I SBIR program is to investigate the feasibility of a novel volumetric 3D display concept that can provide true 3D, full-color, authosterographic and high spatial resolution 3D images that can be viewed by multiple viewers without using any eyeweat. The second objective of this effort is to develop strategies of synergistically integrating the volumetric 3D display in AF pilot training systems and other 3D visualization systems. |
| IMPACT MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES
875 D Airport Road Monterey, CA 93940 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 626-1296
Shreve M. Archer MD AF 98-001 |
| Title: | Low Lift, Lightweight, Low Cost Aviator Helmet |
| Abstract: | Design and build a lightweight comfortable helmet that does not produce high lift loads that are transmitted to the neck upon high speed ejection. Such helmet must remain on the head when exposed to the windblast and high G forces so as to provide good impact protection to the aviator's head. To be useable in jet aircraft, the helmet must be capable of using the current visor, mask, earcup, COMBAT EDGE equipment and it must be able to mount night vision goggles and the planned JOINT HELMET MOUNTED CUEING SYSTEM (JHMCS). The helmet should be comfortable to wear; it should not produce 'hot spots' and should allow for ventilation. The helmet should not slip or move about the head during aircraft maneuvering, high G forces, or with fast movements of the head. |
| LASER POWER CORP.
12777 High Bluff Drive San Diego, CA 92130 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 755-0700
Robert A. Bergstedt AF 98-001 |
| Title: | Microlaser Illumination for Helmet Mounted Displays |
| Abstract: | Helmet and Head Mounted Displays (HMD) offer pilots a significant advantage in warfighting capability. Howver, displays to date have been limited in brightness, resolution, and chromaticity. Recent developments with AMLCD technology, based upon subtractive color promise high brightness, high resolution, and full color HMD's, suitable for operational environments. Laser Power Corporation has identified red, green and blue microlasers as ideal illumination sources for the HMD. Microlasers offer several advantages over are lamps as the illumination source, related to9 the spectral purity of the laser light and the near diffraction limited beam which makes the lasers will suited for use as a light source with LCD's. Therefore, LPC is proposing the development of red and green lasers coupled with the fiber optic delivery bundle. During Phase I, LPC will develop the laser configuration and demonstrate key technologies. This will lead to a design for an integrated laser illumination system which will be delivered as part of the Phase II program. This package will then be ready for full-scale engineering and MIL qualification, leading to production of a rugged microlaser system. |
| LME, INC.
P.O. Box 6637 Annapolis, MD 21401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(704) 687-1658
Walter R. Peck AF 98-001 |
| Title: | High Energy Absorbing Troop Seat Study |
| Abstract: | During a crash of a troop-carrying fixed wing aircraft or helicopter the troop seats have been designed to withstand the specification force levels without regard for any protection of the seat occupant's spine. A recent troop seat redesign program has resulted in a seat design that provides some increased energy absorption in the vertical (spinal) direction. This proposed Phase I study will investigate the feasibility of having energy absorption provided by appropriate rip stitching of Dacron and/or Kevlar materials. A major problem to be solved is the provision of appropriate energy absorption for both the twenty-four inch seat spacing for equipped paratroopers and the twenty inch seat spacing for troops/passengers. The proposed six month effort is divided into nine tasks as follows. 1) Fabric requirements definition. 2) Development of force versus distance for the EA stroke. 3) Spreader Bar redesign/placement. 4) Front Tube redesign. 5) Front Leg redesign. 6) Seat Back redesign. 7) Seat Bottom fabric energy absorption design. 8) Sample seat assembly 9) Documentation and reporting. |
| LME, INC.
P.O. Box 6637 Annapolis, MD 21401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(704) 687-1658
Walter R. Peck AF 98-001 |
| Title: | Study of the Spinal Preloading Piston for the CKU-5/A Rocket Catapult |
| Abstract: | Small, light weight, female pilots have been introduced into the AF and Navy pilot population in recent years. The increased spinal loading of light weight ejectees during the catapult stroke, with its attendant increased probability of spinal injusy, that occurs in an ejection is well known. It has also been shown that any upward acceleration of the aircraft during an ejection can appreciably increased the spinal loading with a drastic increase in the probability of spinal injury. Recent studies have shown that a separate short stroke piston that provides preloading of the spine can result in a much reduced spinal loading with some increase in the catapult separation velocity. This proposal is for an eight month study of the possible application of such a spinal preloading piston to the CKU-5/A rocket catapult used in the ACES-II open ejection seat escape system. This study is believed to be critical importance to all AF pilots, and especially to the light weight female pilots, who will be ejecting with the ACES-II ejection seat for many more years into the future. |
| MONOPOLE RESEARCH
739 Calle Sequoia Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 375-0318
Thomas Jaorszewica AF 98-001 |
| Title: | Fast & Accrate Software for Sim of Electromagnetic Radation Effects in Biological Media |
| Abstract: Abstract not available... | |
| REYNOLD'S INDUSTRIES, INC.
5005 McConnell Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90066 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 823-5491
Tom Clark AF 98-001 |
| Title: | An Integrated Sensor Approach to Helmet Position and Orientation Measurement |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a helmet tracker, based on the use of two sensor technologies. The first of these will be an Ultra-sonic Helmet Position Sensor. This device will procide the data needed to determine the position of the pilot's helmet within the crew station. The second portion of the tracker system will involve the use of a Micro Inertial Measurement Unit. This device will provide the orientation and line of sight data source for the helmet tracker. These technologies will be combined to manufacture a truly miniature helmet mounted tracker, that is immune to the problems associated with the present magnetic devices. Full mechanical sensor and electricalcircuit design in addition to mechanical structure prototypes will verify feasibility. The objectives of the first phase will be to determine the number and type of transducers required, the electronic interface requirements and to demonstrate the feasibility of the system by prototyping a bench top system. |
| ADROIT SYSTEMS, INC.
209 Madison Street Alexandria, VA 22314 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(210) 698-8900
Glenn J. Larsen AF 98-002 |
| Title: | Intelligent Tutor Development for Information Operations |
| Abstract: | Adroit Systems Inc. (ASI), in association with Klein Associates Inc., proposes to develop an Intelligent Computer Aided Instruction (ICAI) training system for information operations personnel to maximize mission effectiveness and achieve Information Superiority. Training objectives will focus on Crew Resource Management (CRM) principles. Those principles necessitate a comprehensive system tailored to organization-specific mission requirements enabling optimum indivudual and crew performance. Consequently, the training must be interactive and based on "real-world" conditions. Joint Vision 2010 identifies Information Superiority as a keystone requirement underpinning four operational concepts: Precision Engagement, Dominant Maneuver, Focused Logistics, and Full Dimensional Protection. The outcome is Full Spectrum Dominance. Given the revolutionary development in information technologies, the side that effectively exploits these assets will gain tremendous competitive advantage. The innovative utilization and training of personnel who employ these technologies will promote synergy and performance at their maximum potential. The objective of Phase I is to identify methods and objectives for simulation-based ICAI teaching CRM skills to personnel operating in the information superirotiy arena, and provide a sample block of instruction. Phase II will develop a prototype simulation-based, ICAI training system for personnel performing a specific information superority mission, as well as a plan for evaluating its training effectiveness. |
| CHA CORP.
372 W. Lyon Street Laramie, WY 82072 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(307) 742-2829
Chang Yul Cha AF 98-003 |
| Title: | Microwave New Emission Control Technology for Hydrazine Fuels |
| Abstract: | The proposed program has the potential to completely eliminate water-borne hydrazine using a new and novel approach. Currently, wet air oxidation is the most popular method used. This novel approach uses 2450 MHz microwave energy to decompose hydrazine and related compounds in a water solution. We have discovered that microwave energy couples directly to hydrazine in water solution resulting in complete selective decomposition of the hydrazine to harmless hydrogen and nitrogen. This direct decomposition takes place at ambient conditions, thereby significantly reducing the capital and operating costs. The CHA process can be added onto existing water scrubbers and produces no additional waste material. The process is based on the use of carbon adsorbents to capture both the contaminants from the water phase and microwave energy. The hydrogen product is oxidized to water before being vented to he air. In Phase I of the proposed approach, the CHA Corporation will demonstrate the technical and economic feasibility of the process. Phase II will be devoted to developing and implementing the proposed approach. We will design and construct a full scale operational prototype and will demonstrate the effectiveness of the process with Hydrazine, Mono-methyl Hydrazine, and Unsymmetrical Di-Methyl Hydrazine. |
| AMERICAN RESEARCH CORP. OF VA
1509 Fourth Street Radford, VA 24143 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 731-0655
Mr. Howard Groger AF 98-004 |
| Title: | Aqueous Non-Chromate Conversion Coatings for Aluminum Alloys |
| Abstract: | Chromate conversion coatings are presently applied to military aircraft to increase the operational life of structural components fabricated from aluminum alloys. Coasts of applying these coatings have increased with increasing concerns about the health and environmental effects of hexavalent chromium. American Research Corporation of Virginia has worked to extend a trivalent chromium conversion coating (tccc) process to approach the corrosion resistance imparted by chromate conversion coatings without the health and environmental effects of hexavalent chromium. Optimal compositions of the tccc were found to be more effective in protecting 7000 series aluminum alloys that 2000 series and performed better when immersion coated that spray coated. To develop coatings more suited to Air Force needs, this proposal suggests the use of solid-solution film-forming compounds to modify tccc solutions to provide large area protection for series 2000 aluminum alloys. This program is innovative in combining film-forming materials known to achieve high levels of aluminum alloy protection with a proven tccc approach. Phase I Technical Objectives include a evaluation of solid-solution film-forming thin films, acquisition of families of test data, and optimization of coating compositions in preparation for the Phase II proof-of-concept system. |
| F&S, INC.
PO Box 11704 Blacksburg, VA 24062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 953-4267
Michael Miller AF 98-004 |
| Title: | Multi-Layer Thin-Film Coatings for Aluminum Alloy Components |
| Abstract: | F&S Inc. proposes to develop advanced electrostatically self-assembled, multi-layer mixed media thin-film coatings to improve the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy components and other material systems. To produce such corrosion resistive coatings, we will fabricate high performance polymers and inorganic oxide particles using unique chemical processing techniques, and then form them into thick multi-layer thin-film coatings. F&S and their two subcontractors have demonstrated both of these methods through prior research programs. Judicious selection of inorganic oxide and noble metal particle species, precise control of particle size and orientation, and multi-layer formation allows graded tailoring of the surface hardness and corrosion resistance of the coated surface. The proposed self-assembly process allows the rapid multi-layer thick-film build-up to thousands of individual layers and micros of total thickness at room temperature and pressure, and totally avoids use of volatile organic compounds. During the Phase I program, F & S will design coating properties, select nanoparticles, self-assemble designed coatings, and evaluate properties with respect to design goals. Litton and Virginia Tech will assist with corrosion test article evaluation and analysis of production upscaling methods. Commercialization cost-sharing by F&S is pledged. |
| DEPOSITION RESEARCH LAB
530 Little Hills Blvd St. Charles, MO 63301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(573) 341-4986
Paul Ki-Souk Nam AF 98-005 |
| Title: | Chemical Chara and Monitoring System (PMCMS) |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes Phase I of a research and development program to develop and commercialize a compact, affordable Particulate Matter on-line, Real-time, Physical and Chemical Characterization and Monitoring System (PMCMS), that will quickly and accurately analyze the chemical constituents and size distribution of particulate emissions from Air Force Operations. The PMCMS will provide size related chemical speciation for all particulates within the size range 0.003 - 30 microns with a 1Hz sample rate, a particulate sensitivity of 0.1 particle/cc for particle diameters > 0.003 micron, and a chemical sensitivity >ppb. The spacial resolution is 3 dimensional and >0.02m. The proposed objectives for Phase I are: the laboratory-based coupling of a mass-spectrometric chemical composition function to a state of the art particulate characterization system; the performance assessment of the laboratory-based PMCMS with respect to sample rate. Specificity, spacial resolution and sensitivity; a comparison of the laboratory-based system with data gathered by current practices; the development of a conceptual design of a field deployable commercialized version of the PMCMS; a field demonstration with an engineering model and the presentation of a technical report describing the Phase I activities and including plans for continued experimental development in Phase II. |
| APPLIED ORDNANCE TECHNOLOGY, INC.
103 Paul Mellon Court Waldorf, MO 20602 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 843-4045
Robert Thompson AF 98-006 |
| Title: | ADVANCED ROCKET PROPULSION TECHNOLOGIES |
| Abstract: | Satellite builders indicate that electric propulsion for stationkeeping and orbit transfer is needed. An unprecedented demand is expected for low power thruster modules, with emphasis placed on low mass, high power density, compactness, power expandability, and reduced cost for system components. The work in this proposal will demonstrate the feasibility of an ultra-compact, high power density, and low cost PPU for the100w class HET, with built-in expandability for a broad power range. SPI proposes a modular concept, employing high power density DC-to-DC converters, which will allow for miniature PPU construction featuring redundancy, expandability and short time-to-market. A radiation hard space qualified high power density DC-to-DC converter is needed for this approach. Existing suppliers of DC-to-DC converters do not produce this type of converter, but Spacer Power Inc. is developing a space qualified, module based on a commercial version. During Phase I, Space Power Inc. will design, build, and quality a breadboard PPU for low power HETs. The Discharge Power Supply mass is anticipated to be less than 400 grams with 2N redundancy and the mass of the PPU system will be assessed by the operational modes of the thruster, which will be determined in the course of the work. A Development and Validation Plan to build and qualify an Engineering Model PPU into Phase II will be defined in Phase I |
| ELTRON RESERACH, INC.
5660 Airport Blvd Boulder, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 440-8008
Shane Roark AF 98-006 |
| Title: | Heterogeneous Catalysts for Near-Ambient Temp Destruction of Volatile Organic Compounds |
| Abstract: | The objective of this program is to develop a heterogeneous catalyst
for the destruction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at low
concentrations and near-ambient temperatures, under oxygen-rich conditions.
The catalyst will be Pt and/or Pd supported on a multi-component
metal oxide based on the Ce1-xZrXO2 defect-fluorite structure, where 0 < x
< 1. At low dopant concentrations, it is expected that the flourite
structure will be sustained. However, at high dopant concentrations,
it is likely that the structure will be perovskite-type metal oxide
with the general structure (A1-xA"x)1-y(B1-xB'x)yO2-x, where A = Ce or
Zr; A'=Gd, La, Sc or Sr;B = Cu, Ag or Au; B' = Mn, Fe or Co;0 |
| NANOMATERIALS RESEARCH CORP.
2849 East Elvira Rd Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 294-7115
Jim Dong AF 98-006 |
| Title: | Nanostructual Photocatalyst for VOC Mineralization |
| Abstract: | Air pollution by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been a major environmental problem. Existing technologies for the control of VOC emission, such as thermal catalytic conversion, incineration and adsorption suffer from high energy cost and secondary pollution. An innovative nano-structured photocatalyst is proposed for the destruction/mineralization of VOCs in air at standard temperature and pressure. The nano-structured photocatalyst is anticipated to be highly efficient and flexible to a variety effluent conditions. |
| MCNAMEE, PORTER & SEELEY, INC.
3131 S. State Street Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 665-6000
Erik Petroskis AF 98-007 |
| Title: | Test Methods to Determine the Presence of Halorespring Subsuface Bacteria |
| Abstract: | Chlorinated solvents, such as tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE) are common ground water pollutants. Natural attenuation or the stimulation of halorespiring microorganisms are potentially the most promising and cost-effective technologies for remediating sites contaminated with chlorinated compounds. Central to the successful implementation of these bioremediation technologies is the determination of the presence of halorespiring organisms at the site and of the extent of dechlorination. Halo-respiration is an energy-producing metabolic process and is characterized by (i) high dechlorination rates. (ii) fe values in the range of 0.6-0.7, (iii) hydrogen threshold values below 0.5ppmv. This process is carried out by several diverse groups of bacteria and stimulated by different substrates. Hence, measures of the process , and not of organisms or genera, are currently the only approaches that reliably measure halorespiration. Our primary approach, therefore, is to determine these parameters to establish the presence and activity of halorespriring organisms. These measurements can be performed in microcosms containing solids, and a time consuming enrichment procedure for halorespiring organisms is not required. The research is aimed towards the development of a protocol with general applicability for the evaluation of sediment and aquifer materials for the presence of halorespiring organisms. In addition to the evaluation for the intrinsic bioremediation potential of a certain site, this protocol will also provide valuable information about possible biostimulation strategies. |
| CONTINUUM DYNAMICS, INC.
P.O. Box 3073 Princeton, NJ 08543 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 734-9282
Alexander H. Boschitsch AF 98-008 |
| Title: | Sonic Boom Penetration Modeling Via Computational Aeroacoustics |
| Abstract: | Continuum Dynamics, Inc. (CDI) proposes to develop an advanced modeling capability to assess the environmental impact of sonic boom penetration and its effect upon marine mammals. The approach will utilize Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA) numerical techniques which allow the generation and propagation of sound to be directly calculated from the fundamental governing equations. The proposed effort will be the first use of such techniques in water and will include bubble entrainment and choppy ocean effects. The surface of the ocean will be modeled as a stochastic process with spatial and temporal correlations which can be prescribed at will, a major improvement over previous deterministic studies of sonic boom penetration. Any sonic boom shape may be imposed as a time-dependent boundary condition on any realization of this randomly described surface. The resulting pressure pulse propagating into the ocean will then be calculated by CAA techniques from the governing Euler equations with due account for body forces (e.g. gravity) and bubble entrainment effects. The numerical results can be displayed either as instantaneous ("snapshot") pressure contours within the ocean or as the time dependent pressure time history at specified observer locations to facilitate assessment of the environmental impact of aircraft or missile operations |
| MARINE ACOUSTICS, INC.
Marine Acoustics, Inc. Middletown, RI 02842 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(401) 848-2995
William T. Ellison AF 98-008 |
| Title: | Advanced Analytic Sonic Boom Underwater Propagation Analysis |
| Abstract: | Federal regulations require that USAF supersonic, subsonic and launch vehicle flight operations be assessed as to possible effects to the near-shore environment. Current modeling capability for this topic is lacking in key areas: reliability of results, environmental assessment requirements, field validation, biological nature of the receiver, and accounting for the key interface boundary conditions that must be satisfied for realistic results. Marine Acoustics, Inc. teamed with Cambridge Acoustical Associates, Inc. proposes a major review of the current state of sonic boom penetration models for realistic ocean environments, and the development of a test plan for experimental verification of the recommended analytic approach. Current analytical models and predictions of subsea sonic boom penetration will be reviewed with a focus on their underlying assumptions and functional dependence on physical parameters. This review will include the supporting database. Subsequent to this review, test requirements for measuring airborne sonic boom penetration into subsurface ocean waters as a function of depth, environmental acoustic parameters and underwater boundary (surface, bottom and volume) conditions will be established. A state-of-the-art review of required instrumentation to meet the requirements will be completed, and a comprehensive test plan for execution under Phase II will be developed. |
| DELLA ENTERPRISES, INC.
3425 North County Road 3 Loveland, CO 80538 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(970) 686-6898
Dr. Chris Wieland AF 98-009 |
| Title: | PLIN-A Programmable Laboratory Incubator |
| Abstract: | Della Enterprises, Inc. will develop a programmable laboratory incubator or PLIN which is capable of autonomously carrying out complex in-vitro cell culture studies. This incubator design supports the following innovations: 1) vastly increased capabilities for tissue plate storage due to a compact method of storage and retrieval, 2) automated access to multiple stock solutions and dosing sources, 3) the ability to add or dispose of fluids to/from cellular cultures, 4) the ability to add or remove new supplies like tiuuse culture plates and pipettes without interrupting ongoing experiments, 5) automated monitoring of cellular status and integration of this information into the protocol, 6) the ability to run complete experiments, or large portions of them in a completely enclosed and aseptic environment, 7) an intuitive graphical user interface that allows simple construction of complete assays and 8) 3D simulation of all operations to confirm proper programming of experimental procedures. |
| USABILITY, INC.
625 Utica Ave Boulder, CO 80304 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 499-3664
Darrell Laham AF 98-010 |
| Title: | Intelligent Agent for Matching Occupations, Personnel and Trng Materials |
| Abstract: | Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) is a machine learning method that extracts contextual meaning similarities among words and passages by analysis of large bodies of natural text. We will test the feasibility and effectiveness of incorporating LSA into a web-based search agent that can compare the conceptual content of: (a) textual training materials, (b) descriptions of personnel competency requirements, (c) descriptions of civilian occupations, (d) descriptions of individual training, experience, or test performance. The experimental system will provide platform-independent access to a multimodal web-pager interface for entering descriptions and displaying relevance ranked results. As proofs-of-concept, we will use the agent to: (a) identify and rank the whole and each paragraph of principal textual materials for at least 30 AF courses according to the relevance of their content to the competencies required by a selected military system, and (b) produce a ranked list of the conceptual similarity of each of at least 30 AF occupations to the 20 most similar civilian occupations described in the Department of Labor Occupational Network. We will assess the validity of the LSA measure in both applications by comparison with judgments by subject matter experts with respect to a sample of cases. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
1660 S. Amphlett Blvd San Mateo, CA 94402 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 655-8242
Richard H. Stottler AF 98-011 |
| Title: | An Intelligent Multi User Simulation Environment (MUSE) for Use over the Internet |
| Abstract: | In Phase I, SHAI will investgate, design, and implement a prototype of an intelligent Multi User Simulation Environment (MUSE) which operates across the Internet. This MUSE would be used to run tactical scenarios with geographically distributed team players. The most difficult aspect of this problem deals with the need to intelligently control all the tactical platforms in the scenario. We will develop a general schema for military warfare tactics representation and execution in MUSE using Artificial Intelligence (AI), Expert System and graphical techniques to capture the human decision processes. Since the representation and automatic execution of tactics is a complex problem we will take an integrated approach using a variety of paradigms, including tactical diagrams and drawings, transition diagrams, constraint satisfaction, scripts, intelligent entities, case-based reasoning, planning and scheduling, and knowledge-based representations (rules, objects), techniques we have used with much success in previous projects. Foremost, we will devise a general distributed tactical simulation capability which includes intelligent platform control and a representation schema for military tactics. We will devise methods for real-time Internet communication and coordination of the distributed tactical simulation. We will absolutely prove the feasibility of our ideas through the development of a limited, proof-of-concept prototype. |
| RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORP.
2875 Towerview Road Herndon, VA 20171 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 904-1808
John Leddo AF 98-012 |
| Title: | Internet-based Distributed Team Performance Assessment Technology |
| Abstract: | The empasis on measuring team performance and effectiveness is higher than ever before. With declining military budgets and increased requirements, technology offers a cost-effective means of providing timely, accurate, team assessment feedback. The Internet offers world-wide access to this technology. Developing quality distributed Internet-based, team assessment technology requires integration of several technologies: research on team performance, state-of-the-art performance assessment, and Internet-based delivery systems. Research Development Corporation and subcontractor LNK Corporation propose to develop team assessment technology that integrates and enhances existing technologies. These include automated performance assessment technology developed under contract to Armstrong Labs, distributed intelligent tutoring system technology for measuring shared mental models of teams, and Internet delivery technology. The heart of our approach is RDC's validated assessment model that is currently being used by a NJ school district. In Phase I, we will develop a proof-of-concept team assessment tool, deliverable over the Internet, and demonstrate is validity in four test beds. In Phase II we will develop knowledge engineering and assessment authoring tools to allow the AF to develop and validate team performance assessment for domains of its choosing. |
| PLS INTERNATIONAL
11325 Seven Locks Road Potomac, MD 20854 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 083-8508
Donna Sullivan AF 98-013 |
| Title: | Java Tools for Developing and Delivering Distributed Training Over the Internet |
| Abstract: | Solutions must be found to reduce the cost of delivering training. A primary cost is the travel expenses to transport, house, and feed students. One potential solution is to deliver adaptive instruction over the Internet. There are many issues facing those who use the Internet to design, develop, and deliver training, ranging from instructional design and security issues to platform compatibility, accessbo;otu. amd aitjpromg tpp;s ossies/ Tje [rppf=pf=cpmce[t tpp;s fpr tjos effprt wo;; omtegrate respirce based ;earmomg. ;pst cpst cp;;abpratopm tecjmoqies. registration and monitoring techniques, computer-managed instruction techniques, the functionality of a simulation/synthetic environment, and the more difficult adaptive functionality to demonstrate the technical feasibility and the pedagogical effectiveness of the Internet as a distributed learning environment. The overall objective is to create a library of Java tools and techniques to enable adaptive, distributed training over the Internet and address some of the issues stated. The key to enhancing learning through the development of new applications via the Internet with measureable ROI is the creation of tools that are intuitive, assist in the creation of asynchronous and synchronous online learning functionality, provide registrar and feedback capabilities, and adapt to the students' inputs. The proposed tools will demonstrate this functionality. |
| APPLIED HUMAN FACTORS, INC.
P.O. Box 781076 San Antonio, TX 78278 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(210) 408-0098
James E. Schroeder AF 98-014 |
| Title: | Instructor's Associate for Rating Aircrew Teamwork |
| Abstract: | Effective aircrew teamwork is critical for insuring mission success and reducing accidents. There is a requirement for a tool that helps aircrew trainers conduct standardized evaluations of teamwork performance. In the proposed research, a portable Instructor's Associate will be designed and constructed to help standardize the measurement process and provide assistance to the instructor. A variety of optional user interfaces will be available. Speech synthesis can be used to solicit ratings and other input from the instructor. Speech recognition can be used both to control sequencesand store an instructor's prompted and unsolicited comments in a standard database for later analysis. An artificial intelligence component will monitor instructor ratings and provide queries or prompts when unusual patterns are detected. A GUI authoring system will allow intuitive creation and modification of flight or simulator scenarios. In Phase I, an aircrew teamwork scenario will be selected and a task analysis conducted. Functional characteristics of the system will be identified and used to select the hardware and software features. A prototype system will be constructed and demonstrated to show feasibility. The Phase II system will be extended to provide a more generic tool for a variety of military and civilian applications. |
| INTERSCIENCE AMERICA, INC.
312 East Market Street Leesburg, VA 20176 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 779-8090
Robert W. Swezey AF 98-014 |
| Title: | Instructor's Associate for Rating Teamwork Skills |
| Abstract: | The proposed effort will develop a prototype of a hand-held, device for use by rates in assessing teamwork skills. The device, termed an Instructor's Associate, will support standardization of instructor ratings of aircrew teamwork skills and behaviors. Current methods for capturing instructor ratings of aircrew performance require either that instructors divert attention from observing on-going behaviors to make ratings on a paper form, or make ratings after completion of a flight or simulation based on recollection. The Instructor's Associate will take advantage of computer technology to develop a hand-held input-output device that is portable and convenient to use. The device will record observations through an interface that facilitates the task of making ratings while minimizing demands on the instructor's attention. The device will function as a passive recording device and as an intelligent associate that uses artificial intelligence technology to support performance rating. This SBIR Phase I effort will result in a prototype hardware interface and software for the Instructor's Associate, as well as the system architecture for a Phase II full-scale development version that incorporates both passive and intelligent modes of data collection. |
| KLEIN ASSOC., INC.
582 E. Dayton-Yellow Springs R Fairborn, OH 45324 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 873-8166
Dr. Gary Klein AF 98-014 |
| Title: | Technology and Expertise: A Dual Approach to Aiding Aircrew Instructors |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR project will test the feasibility of developing an Aircrew Assessment and Instruction Tool (AAIT) designed to aid instructors in delivering key elements of aircrew training. In the Phase I project, we propose to: use Cognitive Task Analysis to document the critical assessment, evaluation, and feedback processes of highly skilled instructors; identify key elements of the aircrew instructional process; and explore a range of tools and technologies to support the instructional task. We will develop system recommendations and electronic storyboards that demonstrate interface and data input elements. The storyboards will be produced in an interactive version, to provide a "look and feel" prototype that can be evaluated as a proof-of-concept. We will work with skilled aircrew instructors throughout the project in order to build to the operational Users' needs and goals. The outcome of the Phase I project will be a working prototype version of the AAIT that can be examied and critiqued by potential users. The full-scale AAIT will offer a range of support for observation and data-gathering tasks, evaluation, and feedback delivery. It will also support objective, standardized, real-time evaluation of aircrew skills and performance, by providing a common framework across aircrew instructors. |
| SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING CORP.
PO BOX 162487 Austin, TX 78716 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 306-1100
William R. Taggart AF 98-014 |
| Title: | Instructor's Associate for Rating Teamwork Skills |
| Abstract: | Systems and Processes Engineering Corporation (SPEC) proposes to develop a handheld input-output device that supports objective, standardized real-time instructor rating of aircrew teamwork skills and behaviors. The quality of aircrew teamwork and use of resources has been cited as critical to both aviation safety and mission success. Traditional technical training curriculums have historically emphasized "stick and rudder" skills, and it is these skills that instructors tend to test and evaluate. To rate teamwork skills and behaviors, instructors need a realiable and useful support system that will assist and enable them to collect information on the performance being observed. Paper and pencil methods for collecting this information are seen as cumbersome and not user-friendly. This SBIR proposes the research and development of an intelligent electronic "assistant or associate" to the instructor who is observing a simulation or an actual mission. To accomplish this proposal, observable behaviors and skills will be collected by a handheld device that will prompt the instructor when needed to enter or to record by voice additional information. Data can also be collected and combined with other sources to provide system feedback to improve training effectiveness. |
| DANIEL H. WAGNER ASSOC.
40 Lloyd Avenue Malvern, PA 19355 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 987-0600
Jeffrey R. Sachs AF 98-015 |
| Title: | Noise-Robust Speech Recognition to Support Maintenance Activities |
| Abstract: | Recent advances in computer recognition of human speech have made it possible to perform reliable recognition of the content (words) in continuous speech. We propose to use these technological advancements, together with the expertise we have gained from developing a number of reliable, easy to use DOD systems that automatically respond to natural, spoken human commands. These systems reduce required human effort, improve performance, and increase the timeliness of information delivery. Specifically, we will adapt to the aircraft maintenance application several of our existing and emerging systems, including our system for speech recognition in noisy environments currently under development for the U.S. Army. In particular, we will apply a combination of proven and novel analysis techniques to filter out band-limited, broad-spectrum, and impulse noise. Our objectives will be to:. Design a flexible, highly accurate speech recognition system that is usable in high noise environments to support aircraft maintenance repair activities. Adapt and implement noise reduction algorithms resulting in relatively noise-immune speech recognition. Evaluate these noise reduction algorithms and the resulting speech recognition performance; and . Demonstrate an early prototype system. |
| KELLEY'S LOGISTICS SUPPORT SYSTEMS
282 Bellaire Drive Fairborn, OH 45324 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 878-3406
Steven Powers AF 98-015 |
| Title: | Advanced Voice Recognition Technologies - Collecting Maintenance Data from FM Net |
| Abstract: | Through the use of voice recognition technology, logistics FM radio nets could be electronically monitored. The system would recognize pertinent logistics information, capture it, and feed it to the appropriate legacy systems. Maintenance personnel rely on the FM radio to stay aware of current status. All key supervisors have radios and relay key maintenance status and location information to each other and the Maintenance Operations Centers. Normally, each squadron will have its own net, as well as specialist, Aerospace Ground Equipment and munitions. When an aircraft aborts or some other critical maintenance action occurs, all pertinent data is relayed across this net. KLSS recommends a project to evaluate the possibility of capturing aircraft maintenance status and failure edata by using voice recognition technology to monitor the FM Net(s). Voice recognition products are now available that are accurate and support continuous speech recognition. |
| TERI RESEARCH, INC.
16 Wildhedge Lane Holmdel, NJ 07733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 219-0020
Benjamin Tirabassi AF 98-015 |
| Title: | Advanced Speech Recognition Technologies |
| Abstract: | Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) used with voice input can support hands-free maintenance with technical information being available at all times. Speech recognition is the preferred method for documenting maintenance activities performed, and for quickly accessing technical information required for a specific maintenance task. The maintenance support system will benefit from a multimedia interface with the flight-line technician. The adaptation of multiple noise abatement and speaker voice tracking technologies is proposed in the system together with TERI Research Inc. (TRI) state-of-the-art speech Natural Language Speech (NLS) recognition, synthesis and HMD interfaces. These technologies include: Parabolic noise canceling microphones, Dynamic noise canceling filters, Random noise canceling algorithms, Stationary noise feature set extraction, Word and Context tracking, Speaker Tracking and Beamforming techniques. The combination of these emerging technologies are expected to be very resistant to accuracy degradation caused by both continuous and impulse noises present in military platforms and on flight-lines, as well as in the presence of other voices. An integrated micro-miniature system will be designed that is able to accurately interpret spoken statements and speak responses in dialog fashing, effectively controlling maintenance technical information and displaying it on the HMD. Unique to this research is the approach that will maintain high accuracy speech recognition in the presence of changing and variable high noise environments without having to change the speech corpus or user profiles. The TRI developed state-of-the-art speaker independent speech recognition and synthesis software will perform speech recognition and voice response in real-time, maintaining speech recognition and transcription accuracy in a high noise environment. |
| CHI SYSTEMS, INC.
716 N. Bethlehem Pike Lower Gwynedd, PA 19002 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 542-1400
William J. Weiland AF 98-016 |
| Title: | LoCO: A Low-Cost Oculometer for Head-mounted Wearable Computer Displays |
| Abstract: | A concept for a Low-Cost Oculometer (LoCO) is proposed as a technology to provide hands-free eye-control for wearable computers with head-mounted displays (HMD's). LoCO builds on ongoing research performed by the proposed research team which demonstrates versatile discrete and continuous control by eye. LoCO addresses the deficiencies of existing commercial oculometers as they relate to wearable computing and other user interaction applications, specifically with regard to cost, weight, size, robustness, and ease of use. An approach is presented for adapting standard eye tracking technologies to minimize special-purpose hardware, relying instread on the capabilities of current-generation computing hardware. Based on published reports, recent experience, and emerging commercial products, it is argued that this approach is viable. The proposed Phase I effort will culminate in a proof-of-concept demonstration that will show eye interaction running fully resident on a wearable computer and HMD. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Robert J. Kline-Schoder AF 98-017 |
| Title: | Feedforward Active Noise Reduction for Effective Audio Communication Systems |
| Abstract: | Creare proposes an innovative design for audio command, control, and communication systems. The Creare auditory system employs active noise reduction (ANR) that will reduce the harmful effects of high noise levels on personnel while simultaneously enhancing the speech intelligibility of electronic messages. Currently available off-ths-shelf ANR audio systems only provide between 10-20 dB of noise reduction for frequencies between 0.1 and 1 kHz and the feedback algorithm they employ attenuates injected electronic messages as well as unwanted environmental noise. The Creare innovation uses a feedforward controller which provides the ability to inject electronic messages that are unaffected by the ANR algorithm. This approach will result in a greater level of noise reduction and bandwidth than is possible with feedback algorithms, thereby enhancing audio command and communication systems. In Phase I, we will conduct a system engineering analysis of the design, develop the feedforward controller, and fabricate a laboratory system for testing. The key outcome of this effort will be demonstration hardware and preliminary data. In Phase II, we will optimize the design, fabricate prototypes of the optimized design, and perform laboratory and field tests of the prototype units to verify compliance with desired specifications. |
| DEFENSE GROUP, INC.
307 Annandale Road Falls Church, VA 22042 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 394-8599
Dr. Morgan Grover AF 98-017 |
| Title: | Advanced Audio Interfaces |
| Abstract: | We will demonstrate an advanced audio interface for reliable automatic speech recognition (ASR) and other speech systems in dynamic, noisy environments. Our approach uses an innovative, high performance, multi-stage noise removal front-end, that can be integrated with a variety of final speech applications. We will demonstrate end-to-end performance from integrating this processing with multiple commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) ASR systems. Our noise removal processing will include adaptive noise cancellation, adaptive noise power estimation coupled with nonlinear noise prefiltering, cancellation, adaptive noise power estimation coupled with nonlinear noise prefiltering, and a high performance artificial neural network (ANN) noise removal post-filter. Equalization of channel transfer variations will also be included. Our ANN processing has already been shown to give much greater gains in ASR noise resistance than any other approach to date. From prior results, we can expect greater than a 30 dB gain in ASR resistance to background noise, even in highly dynamic noise environments. Performance will be demonstrated on aircraft maintenance and repair ASR applications in dynamic, high-level, flight line noise environments. Phase I will develop and demonstrate the basic methods and their end-to-end ASR performance. In Phase II a complete real-time system, with documentation and training, will be delivered for USAF testing and retention. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
2545 W. 237th Street Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-1416
Ilya Agurok, Ph.D AF 98-018 |
| Title: | Automatic Focusing Night Vision Goggles |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop automatically focusing night vision goggles for night or low illumination operations of military and civil personnel. The proposed device will be supplied with a new type of interferometric range finder, based on lateral shear interferometry principles. The executive mechanism for focusing will be a special SLM device. This mechanical free focusing method will be reliable and fast. All proposed elements will be available in mass production, so the goggles will be low cost and reliable. |
| CARNEGIE GROUP, INC.
5 PPG Place Pittsburgh, PA 15222 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(412) 642-6900
Dr. Scott S. Potter AF 98-019 |
| Title: | Coordinated Team Performance in Complex Opertional Systems |
| Abstract: | The focus of this SBIR effort will be on developing a design and analysis tool to be applicable in a wide variety of military C2 and Decision Support System (DSS) applications comprising complex team-machine systems wherein success depends heavily on the team's ability to efficiently collaborate in a fast-paced,multi-paces, multi-person, digitized environment. Given this focus, the objective of this Phase I proposal is to demonstrate the utility of a robust, decision-centered, Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA) methodology as a powerful approach to analyze team collaboration in a complex military domain. Specifically, the focus of Phase I will be to extend the state-of-the-art in CTA by applying a function-based Cognitive Task Analysis (Roth and Mumaw, 1995) to a complex, dynamic, military C2 domain. This function-based CTA will develop an explicit representation of critical goals, supporting processes, as well as critical information and collaboration requirements. This representation will form the critical underlying framework for an assessment of team decision making effectiveness, modifications to crew structure, information transfer requirements, as well as the development of revolutionary human-system interface design technologies to dramactically improve team decision making performance. Phase II, then, will focus on building this design and analysis team CTA tool. This will take the form of two distince levels of effort. First, the proposed CTA tool will be applied to another team domain to explore its applicability to other complex military collaborative environments, since the results of a function-based CTA are entrenched in the semantics and complexities of the target domain. Second, the development effort will focus on addressing the critical needs for this team CTA tool to be used as means for supporting the design of human-machine interfaces to support team collaboration. This is expected to include issues such as scenario generation, collaboration requirements, team decision support/HCI innovations, and training for skill acquisition. |
| APPLIED VISIONS, INC.
6 Bayview Ave Northport, NY 11768 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(516) 754-4920
Ken Doris AF 98-021 |
| Title: | Air Tasking Order Viosualization-Application of VR to AOCs |
| Abstract: | AVI proposes to develop a software tool that will greatly improve the efficiency of Air Operations Center (AOC) activities. The software will provide an interactive, navigable, 3D model of Air Tasking Orders (ATOs) as they are generated. It will transform the textual data into structures compatible with the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) standard, then feed them into a real-time viewing engine, similar in functionality to current web browsers. The complex tasking and coordination aspects of the ATO can then be viewed in a virtual world environment, allowing the operator to visualize not only the data structures themselves, but to comprehend the information in a more instinctive and natural way. The main goal of the proposed Phase I effort will be to demonstrate the ability of such a system to improve the ease and speed of ATO production and review. During the project, interface software will be developed to translate MIL-STD-5040 Air Tasking Order data components into VRML scene elements. Intuitive visual metaphors will be developed to illustrate ATO information content and interaction. The results will be demonstrated using a VRML testbed developed under a prior Air Force SBIR project. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Patrick J. Magari, PhD AF 98-022 |
| Title: | Ceramic Oxygen Generating Sys(COGS) for Aircraft Breathing Oxy Supplies |
| Abstract: | The team of Creare, Litton Life Support, and UCLA will develop and construct a Ceramic Oxygen Generation System (COGS). The system constructed during Phase I will be capable of generating 2 LPM of 99.9% purity oxygen using exclusively electrical power. Creare has considerable experience in thermal management and control systems. This experience will be utilized to analyze the thermal characteristics of the ceramic oxygen generator system during Phase I. The results of this analysis will be incorporated into the design of a 15 LPM Phase II system. The Creare team will manufacture a ceramic generator core. The core for the Phase I system will demonstrate proprietary manifold, seal, and electrical interconnection design using well known and proven electrolyte and electrode materials. We are also developing a novel ceramic oxygen conducting electrolyte. This material exhibits a significantly high oxygen conductivity than other known ceramic materials below 500C. During Phase I, we will investigate the suitability of this material for ceramic oxygen generator applications. The materials will be incorporated in the development of a high-efficiency Phase II system. |
| CRYSTALS & CERAMIC TECHNOLOGY, INC.
6131 W. 80th Street Indianapolis, IN 46268 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(317) 850-1278
Krishna M. Choudhary, PhD AF 98-022 |
| Title: | Thin Ceria-Based Electrolytes and Composite Sealants for Electrochemical Oxygen Generators |
| Abstract: | There is a great need for pure oxygen generators for chemical and biological defense. Crystals & Ceramic Technology, Inc., proposes to investigate electromechanical generators with thin (dense) ceria-based electrolytes. The thin ceria-based electrolytes will be deposited on palladium-conductive manganite electrodes supported on porous alumina tubes by organometallic chemical vapor deposition. Furthermore, gold/conductive perovskite-type oxide composite sealants will be used for device fabrication. The electrode, porous support tube, solid electrolytes and sealants have been selected by proper material selection so that the thermal stresses in the device structure are reduced. The electro-chemical oxygen generator is expected to have an operating temperature in the 500-600 deg. C range. Performance of the electrochemical oxygen generators will be characterized by measurements of oxygen flux and determination of the purity of oxygen. The devices will be packaged for use as breathing equipment, and for application to generate pure oxygen from air in sealed enclosures. |
| LOTEC, INC.
181 W. 1700 South Salt Lake City, UT 84115 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 483-3100
Santosh Y. Limaye AF 98-022 |
| Title: | High Efficiency, Compact, On-Board Oxygen Generator |
| Abstract: | Due to the limited availability of space onboard the AF jets, it is necessary to miniaturize all the components. Oxygen generation devices are very bulky. Especially, pressure-swing adsorption (PSA) units that yield relatively pure (90+%) oxygen, occupy large space, contain moving parts and are very inefficient. The development of lightweight, compact, energy-efficient, high-purity (99.9+%) on-board oxygen generator has been an elusive and difficult goal to attain. The use of ceramic membranes for oxygen generation/separation is an attractive solution to this problem. During the oxygen generation using ceramic membranes, oxygen ions are conducted across the membrane from ambient air-side to pure oxygen-side; this process occurs at high temperatures. As a result, there are several technical challenges which need practical solutions. These challenges insclude thermal expansion mismatch between various components, membrane seals, thermal management, module optimization, and others. LoTEC, Inc. has developed a unique design to address these challenges. Based on this design, LoTEC, in cooperation with its subcontractor, NexTech, proposes to develop an on-board oxygen generation system (OBOGS) which is compact, efficient, and free of several technical hurdles. |
| SAM TECHNOLOGY, INC.
101 Spear Street, #203 San Francisco, CA 94105 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(415) 227-4900
Alan Gevins AF 98-023 |
| Title: | WALKSCAN: A Wearable System for Operator State Monitoring |
| Abstract: | Operations of complex systems can become inefficient because of mental overload, fatigue, boredom and lapses in situational awareness, drugs, illness, and other factors; a practical means of monitoring operator state is thus important for many Air Force missions. In the laboratory, physiological measures such as brain waves, eye blinks and movements, cardiac activity, respiration, and skin conductance, have been frequently demonstrated to provide information about operator state. Unfortunately, current technology is not adequate to support routine acquisition and timely analysis of physiological measures in naturalistic environments. To service this need, our R&D program has focused on developing the component technologies required for non-invasively monitoring the mental state of human operators. These include rugged and portable recording electronics, quick application electrodes and headsets, and EEG signal processing algorithms and analysis software for extracting physiological signals from artifact contaminated data and using them to characterize changes in mental activity. We propose to integrate these technologies to developd WALKSCAN, a self-contained ambulatory recorder/signal processing system, that will use physiological data to provide continuous estimates of operator state in real-world environments. In Phase I we will design WALKSCAN and implement a limited-functionality laboratory prototype. In Phase II it will be fully implemented and field-tested. |
| PSYCHOMETRIX ASSOC., INC.
8 Silver Hill Rd. Lincoln, MA 01773 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 259-4088
Eva Hudlicka AF 98-025 |
| Title: | ABAIS: Affect and Belief Adaptive Interface System |
| Abstract: | Currently, the majority of decision-support systems assume normative performance and fail to adapt to individual differences. This is particularly true with respect to affective states and individual beliefs, which can have profound impact on performance, particularly in complex, crisis situations. We propose to develop an Affect and Belief Adaptive Interface System (ABAIS) capable of compensating for performance biases caused by users' affective states and active beliefs. The ABAIS architecture implements an adaptive methodology consisting of four steps: sensing/inferring user affective state and performance-relevant beliefs; identifying their potential impact on performance; selecting a compensatory strategy; and implementing this strategy in terms of specific GUI adaptations. ABAIS provides a generic adaptive framework for exploring a variety of user state assessment methods (e.g., knowledge-based, self-reports, diagnositc tasks, physiological sensing), and GUI adaptation strategies (e.g., content- and format-based). The ABAIS performance bias prediction is based on existing empirical findings from emotion research and knowledge of specific task requirements. We propose to develop ABAIS using COTS software and an existing decision-support pilot-aiding system GUI, and demonstrate its functionality in the context of an Air Force combat ask, which is particularly susceptible to anxiety-induced biases. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
2 Research Place Rockville, MD 20850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 590-3155
Jacqueline A. Haynes AF 98-026 |
| Title: | An Automated Cognitive Science Advisor for Instructional Systems Designers |
| Abstract: | IAI will research, design, and develop an automated, intelligent development aid to support instructional systems courseware authors. Through a DLL-based Application Programmers Interface (API), this aid will dynamically supply the following expert support to an author who is using any courseware developing tool across Win95TM platform: (1) observe the authoring process and provide timely advice regarding instructional opportunities and/or pitfalls in the current context; (2) answer structured queries regarding cognitive learning principles, pedagogy, and relevant examples of instructional intervention; and (3) enable the author to save, load, and edit portable curriculum plans. This "Cognitive Science Advisor" complements the ISD process by providing advice from an extensible knowledge base containing cognitive principles, especially in the areas of skill acquisition/development in human task performance and problem solving; the process of novice-to-expert progression; and their applications in training and instruction. This system will be useful in all contexts of instructional design, including K-12 eduction adult education, distance learning courseware development, and technical training. As increasing amounts of courseware are published on the World Wide Web, issues of quality are increasingly important. This product will also enhance the ability to review this courseware for quality, by informing the reviewer of relevant knowledge, including new findings, in cognitive science that are related to specific courseware. |
| MISSION RESEARCH CORP.
1720 Randolph Road SE Albuquerque, NM 87106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 768-7647
Mr. David A. Wardwell AF 98-027 |
| Title: | Integration of In-Situ, Real-Time Commercial, Soil and Groundwater Sensor Tech with E-SMART |
| Abstract: | More than half of DOD contaminated sites will require long-term environmental monitoring. Using traditional methods, the cost of monitoring could exceed the cost of remediation. We propose to integrate E-SMART with commercially available, in situ, real-time, remote, environmental sensors capable of detecting BTEX, oxygen, hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, and other VOC compounds in vapor and water, in situ, three-dimensional groundwater velocity, groundwater levels, and water quality parameters which include: dissolved oxygen (DO), potential for hydrogen (pH), low ionic strength pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), oxidation reduction potential (ORP), temperature, resistivity, turbidity, conductivity, specific conductance, ammonium/ammonia, nitrate, chloride, and salinity. The purpose of this sensor integration is to supply the Air Force with environmental sensors which meet Air Force environmental needs with statistically significant data. We propose integration of commercially available sensors that provide legally-defensible data with regulatory verification. Phase I will involve the integration of one of the sensors discussed in this proposal with laboratory testing using the E-SMART system. Data collected during this laboratory experiment will include sample rate, specificity, spatial resolution, sensitivity, accuracy, precision, range, sensor specifications and requirements, and a final cost comparison with traditional monitoring techniques. Conceptual design for sensor field utilization will also be completed. |
| NOMADICS, INC.
PO Box 2496 Stillwater, OK 74076 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(405) 372-9535
Brian Strecker AF 98-027 |
| Title: | E-SMART Enabled Sensor Development |
| Abstract: | The E-SMART network provides a standard means for interconnecting sensors and actuators for a variety of uses, but was specifically developed for environmental applications. Nomadics proposes to develop a generic hardware and software interface to allow existing sensor technologies to be rapidly adapted to operate as E-SMART nodes. Using this enabling technology, Nomadics will implement a suite of environmental sensors as E-SMART nodes. The sensors selected for E-SMART implementation have particular significance for use in environmental applications. The initial node with incorporate standard water quality instrumentation including pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and temperature, implemented in a configuration that allows subsurface measurements to be made. Other E-SMART nodes to be implemented include a MEMs-based volatile organic compound sensor, and a microspectrometer. |
| FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY, INC.
530 E. Montecito St., Ste 202 Santa Barbara, CA 93103 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 777-7007
Dr. Thomas L. Murdock AF 98-028 |
| Title: | Species Identification Software |
| Abstract: | This proposal addresses the detection, identification and measurement of the concentration of molecular species in remote sensing data, from ground-based, aircraft-based or space-based sensors. The serial combination of standard analysis tools increases the sensitivity of the detection and allows detection of molecular emission at low concentration. This technique will have wide application in any ordered datasets wherein the signature of the desired quantity is known. In Phase I, we will 1) prove the feasibility of the Species Identification Software using a) calculations against a series of concentrations of specific molecular species in ambient air, and b) an agreed upon set of test spectroscopic data provided by the government, and 2) do a market survey of the potential military and commercial users of this technique with the intent of forming partnerships in the later phases of the SBIR effort. In Phase II, we will write a Commercialization Plan, develop software specifications, develop and test, against a wider variety of test cases, multiple generations of prototype software, and install the latest versions on Air Force computer systems. In Phase III, we will place the software with customers that we have developed over the course of the Phase II effort. |
| SCIENTIFIC SOLUTIONS, INC.
22 High St. Medford, MA 02155 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 395-2344
Robert Kerr AF 98-028 |
| Title: | High Throughput Spectrometer to Detect Elemental Metals in Rocket Effluent |
| Abstract: | This project develops a high resolution, high throughput spectrometer that can detect trace metallic elements in effluent of rocket propelled craft. This system is optimized to reject the background from both the Rayleigh scattered solar radiation and the blackbody emission from the rocket engine. Dual liquid crystal Fabry-Perot etalons form the basis of this spectrometer. The high throughput of etalons is exploited to produce a spectrometer that has a resolution greater than that of a grating system, yet it is smaller and lighter. In the first phase of the project a ground-based, small field instrument is built and designs are established for an airborne, wide field system to be built in phase II. |
| SCION ASSOC.
140 Durazno Way Portola Valley, CA 94028 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 854-7521
Robert C. Livingston AF 98-028 |
| Title: | Innovative Receiver/Data System for Radio Science Applications |
| Abstract: | We present an innovative receiver/data system design that is adaptable to many aspects of observational radio science. It is a high performance, modularized system that is agile in operation and application, yet is relatively inexpensive to replicate. This is achieved by taking advantage of the recent advances in computer speed, network technology and sophisticated commodity electronics. All system control is RS232-based, and data are output through a generalized interface. An advanced web browser/Java interface provides platform independent, remote user control and telescience capabilities over the network.In our modular design we have also attempted to address the issue of system obsolescence, which is a constant problem with electronic equipment. The system functionality is divided in such a way that chip components and control sfotware, aplicable now, can be upgraded as more capable devices and tools emerge. This will help to ensure the longevity of the design, and thus have a minimum impact on continued radio science observations. |
| SOUTHWEST SCIENCES, INC.
1570 Pacheco St., Ste E-11 Santa Fe, NM 87505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(513) 272-1323
David C. Hovde AF 98-029 |
| Title: | Range Resolved HCL Detector |
| Abstract: | The use of solid fuel rockets generates HCL and other pollutants that must be monitored remotely. Differential absorption lidar (DIAL) permits the remote, spatially resolved measurement of many trace atmospheric gases. This proposal describes a novel method for measuring lidar signals that promises tremendous reductions in the size, weight, and complexity of lidar instruments for measuring HCL. The experimental program will test the signal recovery method, identify the factors that influence its range and accuracy, and investigate a promising laser amplifier medium. The concurrent theoretical effort will develop a model that will permit the evaluation of the performance of a fully engineered DIAL system for automated measurement of HCL at rocket test and launch sites. The proposed technique can be applied to the detection of many other species, including a variety of important pollutants. |
| VISIDYNE, INC.
10 Corporate Pl. Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-2820
Dr. Patrick McNicholl AF 98-029 |
| Title: | Intensity Modulated CW Lidar for UAV and Ceilometry Applications |
| Abstract: | We propose to critically evaluate by measurement, analysis, and an engineering study the potential for adaptation of Visidyne's intensity modulated diode laser technology to the construction of 1) a quasi-cw lidar suitable for UAV mounting and with sufficient sensitivity to remotely detect evaluated particle scatter from plumes and 2) a new generation of sensitive optical ceilometers. Our preliminary analysis of these applications indicate that they stand to gain from the combination of the intensity modulation technique and the use of lightweight and efficient laser diode technology. Since these applications are not marginal in terms of signal to noise ratio, the packaging, reliability, cost, and maintenance advantages of diode lasers will make them preferred over alternate technologies, e.g., lidars employing pulsed solid state lasers. |
| EIC LABORATORIES, INC.
111 Downey St. Norwood, MA 02062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 769-9450
Fei Wang AF 98-030 |
| Title: | High Specificity Conducting Polymer CBS Detector Badge |
| Abstract: | As the threat of chemical and biological weapons and terrorism increases, innovative sensors are becoming critical for protection of military and civilian personnel in a variety of situations. To address this threat, we propose to develop mass producible credit-card sized chemical sensors based on catalytically modified conducting polymers. The polymers will be further mixed or overcoated with one or more layers that selectively adsorb or react with the agent/analyte. The change in conductivity is elicited by an effective change in work function or oxidation/reduction (redox) level associated with adsorption of the analyte or analyte product on the underlying conducting polymer surface. The conductometric element will be based on an array structure shown previously at EIC to give an exceptional dynamic range. Using this approach, it is anticipated that highly specific and sensitive individual vapor sensors will be possible for a wide range of chemical agents. Phase I will entail demonstration of the concept for sensing organophosphorous compounds, addressing issues of selectivity, sensitivity and stability. Phase II will extend the devices to a broad range of possible agents, including extensive testing at a surety facility, and will address issues of scale-up and manufacturing. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Cntr. Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Dr. Mitchell R. Zakin AF 98-030 |
| Title: | Polymer Microsensor System for Chemical Agent Detection |
| Abstract: | While the threat of chemical and biological weapon deployment has increased alarmingly in recent years, the sensitive and specific detection of chemical warfare (CW) agents remains a significant challenge. To achieve maximum effectiveness, small inexpensive sensors are required for deployment in a user-wearable badge format. Satisfying these demanding requirements necessitates a novel approach to CW agent sensing. A particularly attractive approach is to exploit the powerful detection capabilities of conductive polymers, plastic materials whose electrical properties can be engineered to change in a sensitive and controlled manner upon exposure to specific chemical species. Chemical specificity is achieved by constructing an array of polymer sensors whose composite response provides a unique "fingerprint" for each agent. Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop a simple, inexpensive microsensor system for ultrasensitive, specific detection of CW agents. The system consists of a replaceable array of conductive polymer sensors coupled to a readout device. The microsensor will be credit card-sized, and ruggedized for battlefield deployment.In Phase I a prototype microsensor system will be constructed to demonstrate detection of agent simulants in the presence of battlefield interferents. The Phase I results will be utilized to complete a preliminary design of the Phase II system. |
| RADEX, INC.
Three Preston Ct. Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-6767
William J. McNeil AF 98-032 |
| Title: | Modeling of Meteoric Influx and Studies of Atmospheric Ramifications |
| Abstract: | Radex, Inc. proposes to develop a comprehensive model of the influx of meteors and cosmic dust to the Earth's atmosphere which will be sufficiently general for use in visual and radar observations as well as for driving models of the ionospheric and neutral metal layers. The model will draw upon meteor observation data which will be analysed and consolidated into software for prediction of the total influx including the distribution of masses, velocities and angles of incidence for an observer at an arbitrary point on the Earth. The first objective of the Phase I effort is to develop and validate the model. The second objective is to use this model in conjunction with dynamical models previously developed by Radex to define and quantify the effects of showers on the background ionosphere, on communications systems due to ionospheric modifications and on background contamination of visible and UV systems due to solar scattering from the metals. This will lead us to Phase II in which the models will be generalized and effects found to be significant in Phase I will be incorporated into existing models of the ionosphere, communications and the Earth's radiance. |
| ACULIGHT CORP.
11805 N. Creek Parkway South Bothell, WA 98011 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 482-1100
Dr. David Shannon AF 98-033 |
| Title: | High Brightness, Multi-Wavelength Semiconductor Lasers |
| Abstract: | Improving the optical beam brightness of diode laser bars and optically pumped semiconductors is essential for many Air Force and commercial applications. In this proposed work Aculight will build and test a MIT/LL optical approach for decreasing the angular divergence of diode laser bars by a factor of at least 80. The MIT/LL approach will be implemented using Aculight's newly developed optical/laser manufacturing techniques that provide an exceptionally stable, compact and inexpensive platform suitable for use on high performance jet aircraft and helicopters. The demonstration proposed here will be carried out with cw diode laser bars operating at 808nm. In future work this enhanced beam brightness technique will be extended to optically pumped semiconductor lasers operating in the mid-IR near 4 microns. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
655 Aspen Ridge Dr. Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Dr. Mark W. Phillips AF 98-033 |
| Title: | High Efficiency 0.5J, 20Hz Two Micron Laser |
| Abstract: | Coherent Technologies Inc. (CTI) proposes to design a 0.5J, 20Hz, single frequency Q-switched two micron laser, with high wall plug efficiency. With passive cooling, the unit will operate with a wall-plug power efficiency of 5-6%, meeting the performance requirements for practical deployment of a Doppler lidar on a free-flying satellite for space-based remote sensing. When used in a coherent laser radar system this system will have the capability to measure: 1) hard target range and velocity (including precision microDoppler) to ranges up to 500 km from a space-borne or airborne platform, 2) atmospheric winds globally from a space-borne platform, and 3) atmospheric winds to heights and ranges beyond 20 km from a ground-based platform. The improvement in performance over previous two micron lasers will be accomplished by achieving super-mode operation and elimination of thermal birefringence loss and spatial hole burning in the injection-seeded laser. Also, the proposed effort will integrate a dual temperature refrigeration unit into the laser design, for an efficient and practical means of cooling both the pump laser diodes and the laser rod, as needed for airborne or ground based deployment of a lidar system based on this laser. |
| INTERSCIENCE, INC.
105 Jordan Rd. Troy, NY 12180 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 283-7500
Dr. Mikhail Gutin AF 98-033 |
| Title: | Tunable Diode Laser with Fast Line Selection |
| Abstract: | The objective of this SBIR proposal is to develop a digitally tunable diode laser capable of fast switching over a predefined set of spectral lines of desired wavelengths. An important application for such a laser is in optical spectroscopy for chemical sensing where the availability of several wavelengths that can be varied can significantly enhance the selectivity and sensitivity of the instrument. The optical arrangement is based on classical physics and can be demonstrated with commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components available from advances in Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). The Phase I effort is to provide bench top demonstration of the concept using COTS components. Specific efforts shall include charcterization of the diode laser and the specific MEMS and other optical components, and their integration to achieve the desired results. The Phase I results shall serve as the basis for the implementation of a stand-alone unit to be completed in Phase II for eventual commercialization. |
| INTRALASE CORP.
2217 Vinewood Ann Arbor, MI 48104 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 461-3320
Tibor Juhasz AF 98-033 |
| Title: | Compact, Directly Diode-Pumped Sub-Picosecond Amplified Laser Source for Dual Use Applications |
| Abstract: | The feasibility of novel refractive surgeries has been demonstrated using sub-picosecond laser pulses. However, the introduction of these techniques depends on the development of low cost, reliable, compact laser devices. We propose to design, construct and test a directly diode-pumped Nd:Glass laser system consisting of a prismless oscillator, a single transmission grating stretcher-compressor, and an end-pumped regenerative amplifier. The fully solid-state laser will have an approximately 8"x14" footprint and will deliver 500 fs pulses with energies up to 50 mJ at repetition rates of 3 kHz. Corneal surgical procedures with the laser will be evaluated and the results used to guide laser design specifications for a commercial prototype, to be developed during Phase II. If the proposed device satisfies clinical and commercial requirements, surgical correction of a wide variety of refractive errors may become more effective, safe and affordable. By eliminating the need for eyeglasses and other corrective devices, the pool of potential military personnel can be increased, while the capabilities of current personnel can be strengthened. Since the new laser device is designed to run on a simple car battery, dual use applications, such as high precision military ranging and remote sensing of air pollutants are also possible. |
| LIGHTWAVE ELECTRONICS CORP.
1161 San Antonio Rd Mountain View, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 526-1281
Lawrence E. Myers AF 98-033 |
| Title: | Efficient Third-Harmonic-Generation Laser Sources |
| Abstract: | Third-harmonic generation (THG) of cw-diode-pumped solid-state lasers can be used to reach important wavelengths in the visible and ultraviolet. Because THG is implemented with two cascaded processes of second-harmonic generation (SGH) and sum-frequency generation (SFG) and the peak power of cw-diode-pumped solid-state lasers is low, efficient THG is difficult with conventional nonlinear materials. The emerging technology of periodic poling provides high nonlinearity and no walk-off so large nonlinear drive can be attained even with relatively low-peak-power lasers. Using the flexible design properties possible in periodically poled materials, a monolithic crystal can be fabricated that combines both the SHG and SFG processes in a single crystal. This has the advantage of reducing the number of surfaces which lowers the loss. By placing a crystal of this type in a resonant cavity, efficient THG of cw-diode-pumped solid-state lasers is made practical.This Phase I research will demonstrate a monolithic THG crystal using periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) and efficient THG of a cw-diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser. In addition, we will investigate low-absorption material which will enhance the conversion efficiency and power handling of THG devices. We will characterize the absorption of different samples of congruent and stoichiometric lithium niobate, and investigate the suitability of these materials for periodic poling. |
| PC PHOTONICS CORP.
64 Windward Way Waterford, CT 06385 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 443-4356
Peter K. Cheo AF 98-033 |
| Title: | Dual Use Development of Laser Technology |
| Abstract: | Recent advances in multi-kilowatt semiconductor laser arrays have pushed solid-state laser output power into the KW range. Unfortunately, the output beam quality of diode-pumped solid-state lasers using Nd:YAG and Yb:YAG bulk crystals degrades with increasing pump power and is basically limited by the thermal induced effects inside the non-linear lasing rods. To some extent, good beam quality can be maintained by distributing the pump power uniformly inside the crystal. Even then thermal lensing or self- focusing could still occur, initiating from localized inhomogeneities. To eliminate this serious problem, this proposal introduces a novel concept for establishing a uniform distribution of pump power by using a multicore fiber bundle from which phase-locking can be obtained to emit a single central beam spot with very high brightness as a result of a strong coupling of the evanescent waves inside the cladding.Recently, the output power in the range from 30 to 50W has been achieved by diode-pumping of a single core Nd-doped or Yb-doped fiber laser. To increase the power delivery from these fiber lasers, this proposal describes a laser system consisting of a 2-D phase-locked fiber bundle, uniquely configured in a 2-D staggered array in a common cladding with a specified intercore spacing between two adjacent fibers, so that the multicore system is phase-locked in unit-phase to emit the desired fundamental supermode. By using co-doping technology, very high power in excess of one kilowatt can be achieved with Yb:Er codoped multicore fiber bundle emitting at an eye-safe wavelength. In Phase I, an in-depth study will be conducted to assess potential dual-use of the selected laser technology. Also, a detailed design analysis will be conducted to determine critical parameters required to fabricate the selected laser. In addition, a novel packaging concept for the multicore fiber bundle will be attempted and experimentally verified. The results will be used as the basic guideline for developing a prototype to be demonstrated in Phase II. |
| OPTRON SYSTEMS, INC.
3 Preston Ct Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-3100
Dr. Vernon Shrauger AF 98-034 |
| Title: | Monolithic On-Chip Wavefront Correction System |
| Abstract: | We propose to explore the feasibility of a novel concept for a low-cost, lightweight, rugged integrated adaptive-optics wavefront corrector system. These features are achieved by integrating a deformable mirror array onto the front surface of a custom VLSI wavefront processor chip and a wavefront sensor onto the back surface. The chosed processor chip structure is integral to the wavefront correction algorithm, and the proposed concept offers the potential for extremely high actuator density. We will conduct a feasibility analysis to determine those commercial applications that may have significant markets for our compact, low-cost, high-performance, and then design and model the novel wavefront corrector (custom VLSI and special membrane mirror with piston-only correction). These devices will be tested separately to verify the desired performance characteristics. The Phase II will scale-up the actuator density to a 256 x 256 array and demonstrate high-resolution wavefront correction with a prototype system optimized for application in military seekers, FLIRS, and commercial imaging systemssuch as amateur telescopes. The VLSI-membrane mirror wavefront corrector will offer isolated actuators, hundreds of nanosecond response time, and at least 16 pi radians of phase correction at visible wavelengths using achromatic illumination. |
| SENSORS UNLIMITED, INC.
3490 U.S. Rt. 1 Princeton, NJ 08540 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 520-0610
Dr. Gregory H. Olsen AF 98-035 |
| Title: | High Power Linear Arrays of 1.9um Laser Diodes |
| Abstract: | The broadened waveguide (BW) concept has yielded record output powers for quantum well lasers between 0.8 and 1.55 um. The imporvement is attributed to larger mode size and lower optical loss from free-carrier absorption in the quantum wells and cladding regions. We propose to demonstrate high power single aperture InGaAsP/InP laser diodes at 1.9 um and to fabricate linear-arrays with substantially higher powers than available today. During Phase I we will use gas-source moleculear beam epitaxy (GSMBE) to grow loss-loss, high efficiency, BW laser structures. The thickness and bandgap of the waveguide layer will be optimized for low internal loss, low threshold current and high internal efficiency. High power 200 um aperture single and a 1x5 linear array will be delivered. In Phase II, BW lasers with strain compensated active regions, will be fabricated. These designs will reduce the temperature sensitivity, increase the wavelength to 2 um and yield higher powers. Linear arrays with high-efficiency, temperature insensitive lasers will be fabricated. Prof. S.R. Forrest and Chris Dreis of Princeton University will consult. |
| ACULIGHT CORP.
11805 North Creek Parkway Bothell, WA 98011 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 482-1100
Jeffery Pierce AF 98-036 |
| Title: | Advanced Diode Pumped Laser Packaging |
| Abstract: | High power lasers are needed for many airborne applications. These lasers must be compact, reliable in high vibration environments, and must also have a low per unit cost. Aculight proposes to develop a high repetition rate laser with average power of 10-20 watts using novel packaging designs and manufacturing methods. When fully developed, this technology will provide flight-worthy lasers at an unprecedented low cost. |
| SCHWARTZ ELECTRO-OPTICS, INC.
135 South Rd. Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-9535
John H. Flint AF 98-036 |
| Title: | Compact Packaging of Diode-Pumped Lasers |
| Abstract: | Diode-pumped solid-state lasers are often described as being "compact and efficient", and they are when compared to gas lasers. However, when the power supplies and cooling apparatus are included, they are not nearly as compact and efficient as many applications require. The objective of this Phase I SBIR proposal is to develop packaging and power supply concepts to produce truly compact and efficient lasers. We will allow the laser crystal and the diodes to operate at relatively high temperatures using only passive cooling. The resonator structure will be designed to dissipate the waste heat while simultaneously keeping the laser aligned. We will evaluate Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF, and Nd:YVO(4) laser materials, and we will consider end-pumped rods, side-pumped slabs, and side-pumped rods for the laser configuration. In the power supply only the diode-laser will be kept relatively cool while the other components will be allowed to heat up, minimizing the size and weight of their heat sinks. We will also perform a market analysis to determine the commercial potential of such a laser, and we will conclude this effort with a preliminary design targeted at one application. This design will be refined, and the laser constructed during a follow-on Phase II effort. |
| LSA, INC.
1215 Jefferson Davis Hwy. Arlington, VA 22202 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 363-5808
Jesse W. Booker AF 98-037 |
| Title: | Wavefront Detection with a Wide Dynamic Range |
| Abstract: | We propose to design and build a tunable, non-contact optical figure-measurement system to measure surface aberrations on a large membrane or segmented mirror. Our approach uses novel electro-optic devices to vary the resolution of the system over four orders of magnitude. Our concept also incorporates algorithms to interface with the mirror-actuator system so that the aberrations in the mirror's surface can be reduced. |
| MZA ASSOC. CORP.
2021 Girard SE, Ste 150 Albuquerque, NM 87106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 245-9970
Daniel R. Eastman AF 98-037 |
| Title: | Adaptive Dynamic Range Wavefront Sensor |
| Abstract: | For a number of years the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) has investigated the fabrication of large optics to support space based sensing and weapons applications. One promising technology is the construction of large membrane mirrors. This class of mirror has significant advantages including the potential of very area-to-weight ratios, low f-numbers, and the ability to launch within tight packaging constraints and then deploy and align in space. The metrology requirements for membrane mirrors are unique. The initial mirror figure and radius of curvature have large departures from the final required shape and for multi-meter size the errors may consist of thousands of waves of higher order spherical aberration. These large errors must be measured so that an actuation system can be used to reduce the error to within at least tens of waves of the desired surface. This proposal presents a novel approach to provide an adaptive technique to adjest the dynamic range of the wavefront sensor while maintaining the spatial resolution and accuracy required. |
| SCHAFER CORP.
321 Billerica Rd Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 242-9992
Marc R. Hallada AF 98-038 |
| Title: | Chemical Oxygen Iodine Laser for Environmental Remediation |
| Abstract: | The development plan described in this proposal is for a modular, transportable COIL device, adapted for long run times, and employing a fiber-optic beam delivery system. Fiber-optic delivery will allow for remote manual and robotic cutting or welding of thick metal objects, with various compositions and geometries, and in areas with restricted access. These attributes make such a system attractive for environmental applications in the Decontamination and Dismantlement (D&D) of nuclear reactor and weapon facilities and individual weapons. |
| PD-LD, INC.
243 Wall St. Princeton, NJ 08540 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 924-7979
Dr. Vladimir S. Ban AF 98-039 |
| Title: | 4.6 Watt Eye-Safe 1500 nm Laser Diode with Low Linewidth Enhancement Factor |
| Abstract: | This proposal is based on high-power, high-efficiency, low threshold current, broadened waveguide (BW) separate confinement heterostructure (SCH) laser diodes recently demonstrated by Professor Forrest's group at Princeton University (1,2,3). These lasers achieved extraordinarily high power outputs:4.6W in CW operation from a 200um aperture BW-SCH 1500nm InGaAsP/InP laser diodes:13.3W in quasi-continuous-wave (QCW) operation and 6.8W in CW operation from a 100 micron aperture BW-SCH 980nm InGaAs/(In)GaAs(p)/InGaP laser diodes.The BW-SCH devices employ comprehensive strain multi-quantum well (MQW) structures known to reduce the linewidth enhancement factor (4.5). Furthermore these devices achieve high power output power at relatively narrow aperture, thus producing a high quality, non-filamentary beam, suitable for collimation and/or fiber coupling (2). We plan to produce a fully packaged prototype device emitting several watts of power in a well collimated beam.We thus believe that this proposal matches very well the objective of the solicitation AF98-039, which is stated as "Develop high-power diffraction-limited laser diodes at eyesafe wavelengths by designing and using structures that have reduced linewidth enhancement factor (Alpha). |
| QUANTUM PHOTONICS, INC.
P.O. Box 49 College Park, MD 20741 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 706-5941
Peter J. S. Heim AF 98-039 |
| Title: | High Power Eye-Safe Laser Diodes with Low Alpha Structure |
| Abstract: | In this program, we propose to advance the state of the art in the generation of high power (many watts), diffraction- limited optical output from a tapered semiconductor laser. A single mode waveguide section monolithically integrated with a tapered power section will be used to spatially filter the optical power. Low linewidth enhancement factor active regions with large optical mode will be developed to overcome the optical beam filamentation problem that currently limits the realization of high-power diffraction-limited laser diode sources. This work will be carried out at 1.55 - 1.9 microns, a wavelength range considered to be in the eye safe spectral region. |
| LSA, INC.
1215 Jefferson Davis Hwy Arlington, VA 22202 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 363-5808
Dr. Robert T. Carlson AF 98-040 |
| Title: | Eye-Safe, Infrared Laser Communicator |
| Abstract: | Laser communications can provide transmission security and low probability of detection for covert links where intercepted radio transmissions and RF direction finding could compromise the mission and put participant's lives at risk. Other advantages include the lack of spectral congestion and assigned frequencies and immunity to electromagnetic interference and collocated RF transmitters and jammers.LSA will design and fabricate a pair of 1550 nm hand-held eyesafe laser communicators. These transceivers will be fully functional prototype devices. This effort builds on LSA's expertise in laser communications and our commercial lasercom product line for digital laser and video applications. We will use the transceivers to provide confirmation of the covert transmission aspects of a 1550 nm lasercom link. We will perform additional technology trade-offs and conceptual system designs of sophisticated man-portable, eyesafe, covert, laser communicator systems for a network of users. This work will include evaluation of link acquisition and tracking schemes and omnidirectional receivers. It will also address the transfer of data, imagery, and video at much higher data rates than voice. |
| SENSOR PLUS, INC.
4250 Ridge Leas Amherst, NY 14226 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(716) 831-0091
John Puckhaber AF 98-040 |
| Title: | Eye-Safe Infrared Laser Communicator |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes a highly advanced laser-based personal communicator designed for military personnel. Our team proposes to develop a general purpose, helmet mounted laser diode-based transmitter and receiver establishing a secure communication "channel" between speaker and listner. Alow profile array of detectors is capable of receiving the signal from any direction. The transceiver will be detachable, small and rugged. Laser diodes at 1550 nm are eyesafe and invisible to the eye and all but the most advanced night vivion technology. The devices will deliver enough output power when properly focused to enable communication as far as 2 km without extraordinary alignment procedures. Challenges to implementing this technology stem from the ergonomic reality that helmet lasers can only be crudely aligned; expanding the beam has the effect of reducing the signal to noise ratio necessitating the use of more powerful, expensive, energy consuming lasers. A major part of this proposal addresses the laser detector, and electronics that together yield a practical solution. Phase I will conclude with: (1) delivery of two helmet mounted transmitter/receiver prototypes sufficient for the Air Force's field tests, (2) our own measurements of performance specifications and (3) a complete cost analysis. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4046
Dr. Sunet Chadha AF 98-041 |
| Title: | Wide Area Infrared Chemical Imager |
| Abstract: | Autonomous standoff detection of lethal or narcotic chemical agents and chemical emissions has long been a major concern. While significant advances have recently been accomplished in remote spectral sensing using regged FTIRs with point detectors, efforts towards spatial chemical discrimination and low-cost portable devices have been lacking.Foster-Miller, Inc. (FMI) together with Boeing/Rockwell Electro-Optic Center proposes to design and demonstrate a radically different infrared imaging spectrometer for standoff chemical detection. This no moving parts device will: Be readily incorporated into existing or planned FLIRs and thermal imaging cameras to add chemical recognition functionality. Eliminate the cost, complexity, reliability and bandwidth resolution problems associated with either Fabry Perot or Michelson Interferometer based approaches currently under consideration. Given the small size and performance insensitivity to on-board vibration, high EMI, thermal variations, the proposed optic would easily adapt to field deployable requirements.The Phase I effort will develop a theoretical model for identified application, determine spectral and spatial resolution needed and trade off active with passive modalities to leverage low-cost micro-bolometer arrays. Our team partner, Boeing/Rockwell Electro-Optical Center will provide input on detector selection and integration support to demonstrate the feasibility of our design approach. The Phase I will provide the basis for the creation of a conceptual of an integrated thermal and chemical imager for development during Phase II. |
| PACIFIC-SIERRA RESEARCH CORP.
2901 28th St. Sut. 300 Santa Monica, CA 90405 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 314-2384
Charles S. Kaufman AF 98-041 |
| Title: | Spectral Imaging |
| Abstract: | Pacific-Sierra Research Corp. (PSR) will define and develop the design for a feasible man-portable multispectral imaging video system from a proof-of-concept based on modeling and analysis of various hyperspectral exploitation approaches. This portable unit will utilize a high-sensitivity, visible near-through mid-wave IR (VNIR-MWIR) COTS InSb camera operated at a high frame rate, using PSR expertise in VNIR-MWIR multispectral (common aperture) sensor systems. Data rate will be sufficient to generate a real-time false color image. A proposed baseline concept of operation is the pre-selection of 3 spectral band prior to a mission. During utilization, the portable spectral imaging system will operate as a point-and-shoot device, with a small hand-held remote camera head providing optically stabilized color multispectral image on a COTS head mount display unit. PSR will define the requirements for a prototype system. PSR will then develop a lightweight optical, electronics and mechanical packaging concept that can provide an easily assembled imaging sensor with the required spectral imagery and performance capability while remaining inexpensive. Based on the results of this Phase I preliminary design, critical components (i.e., focal plane assembly, bandpass filter) will be defined and the predicted performance evaluated. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
655 Aspen Ridge Dr. Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Dr. Glenn T. Bennett AF 98-042 |
| Title: | Frequency Agile Chemical and Biological Hazard Transceiver |
| Abstract: | Coherent Technologies, Inc. (CTI) proposes a simple, compact and efficient man-portable laser source for remote detection of chemical and biological hazards. The source consists of a low-risk Nd:YAG drive laser pumping a frequency-agile optical parametric oscillator (OPO). The transmitter will simultaneously output eyesafe radiation at 1.56 um and at other wavelengths over the entire 1.75 to 14 um spectral region. This will allow concurrent Differential Absorption Lidar detection of chemical effluents, elastic backscatter profiling of bioaerosol clouds and active imaging. The source incorporates a novel laser tuning and linewidth control architecture that permits shot-to-shot control of the OPO output frequency over the entire tuning range, with linewidths less than 0.25cm (-1). In Phase I, CTI will demonstrate laser source efficiency, tuning and linewidth control. In Phase II a man-portable, battery-powered, air cooled brassboard sensor will be built. CTI believes that this approach provides a low risk path towards development of an optical and mechanical architecture that will satisfy all Phase II mission requirements. This integrated systems approach to remote sensing problems is a hallmark of CTI products. |
| SCIENCE & ENGINEERING SERVICES, INC.
4032 Blackburn Ln. Burtonsville, MD 20866 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 989-1896
Dr. Coorg R. Prasad AF 98-042 |
| Title: | Compact, Frequency Agile, Broadly Tunable, IR Differential Absorption Lidar for Remote Sensing |
| Abstract: | Remote sensing of chemical emissions from concealed sources, such as concealed chemical manufacturing plants, or internal combustion engines, from airborne and ground based mobile platforms is a high defense priority. We propose to develop an innovative, miniature, rugged, rapidly tuned, differential absorption lidar for detecting low concentrations of chemical species with sufficient sensitivity (100ppb) and accuracy (10%), for a 5-10km range. The crucial component for this lidar is a high repetition rate (<1kHz), frequency agile, widely tunable (1.5-5.5 um), 1mJ/pulse quasi phase-matched optical parametric oscillator (OPO), pumped by a diode-pumped Yb:YAG tunable laser. This laser systems provides both the on- and off-line lidar pulses. High laser efficiency (>60%) is obtained by employing Yb:YAG which has the smallest quantum deficit between the pump (940nm) and lase wavelenths (1.02-1.06um). Compactness, frequency agility, and broad IR tuning range are obtained by utilizing a fixed PPRTA (poling period =31um)) OPOand rapidly tuning the pump wavelength. Atmospheric and topographical backscattered signals collected by a 35cm aperture telescope are detected by a cooled HgCdTe detector. In Phase I a comprehensice design of the lidar will be performed besides feasibilty demonstration with a broad-band lidar. In Phase II, chemical specie measurements will be demonstrated with a prototype lidar. |
| SVS R&D SYSTEMS, INC.
6207 Pan American Freeway NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 342-4600
Steven A. Baugh AF 98-043 |
| Title: | Development of Small Inertial Attitude Reference System |
| Abstract: | This effort will develop the design for a small and inexpensive inertial attitude system that will provide a two-axis optical inertial reference for a variety of optical pointing and tracking system applications. The unit, which will use all COTS components will have a volume of <3 inches on a side and be suitable for mounting on the secondary mirror of a beam expanding telescope. Linear accelerometers (3-axis) will be included in the design to measure the base motion disturbance environment and to allow the same package to be used in an (optional) inertial navigation system. Applications include beam path stabilization for laser pointing systems, image stabilization for airborne and ground imaging sensors, and airborne lasercom systems. |
| ENTROPIC SYSTEMS, INC.
P.O. Box 397 Winchester, MA 01890 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 938-7588
Dr. Robert Kaiser AF 98-044 |
| Title: | Ground Operations and Storage Contamination Control System for Space-Based Optical System |
| Abstract: | Spacecraft flying optical payloads, and the optical sensors in particular, are exceptionally sensitive to contamination. To minimize such contamination, control measures must be incorporated during system fabrication and carried through testing, integration and storage until the sensor system is deployed. Past measures used to prevent contamination during storage, testing and integration prior to launch, have not always been effective; sometimes leading to costly delays that would effectively cripple access to space if stored assetts were required to be launched on demand. In the proposed Phase I program, it is planned to:1. Determine the initial cleanliness levels needed to meet end-of-life performance requirements on spacecraft based optical sensors.2. Develop innovative concepts for preventing and monitoring particulate and molecular accumulation during all phases of (post fabrication) system groung handling.3. Provide demonstration of prototype prevention/monitoring device operation at surface cleanliness levels better than level 300.4. Develop a preliminary design of a full scale contamination control system. |
| ADVANCED PROJECTS RESEARCH, INC.
1925 McKinley Avenue LaVerne, CA 91750 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(909) 392-3151
Dr. Thomas H. Sobota AF 98-045 |
| Title: | Development of a Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuel System for Pulse Detonation Engines |
| Abstract: | The Pulse Detonation Engine (PDE) is an intermittent combustion engine that relies on traveling detonation waves for the combustion and compression elements of the prosulsive cycle. This engine may be used as a low cost propulsion system in defense flight vehicle system applications or as the low speed cycle for a high Mach number combined cycle engine system. The mechanical simplicity of this engine provides for low cost and high reliability permitting use in low cost vehicles. The simple geometry naturally provides for integration into a new combined cycle engine with ramjets. To date, APRI has focused on using highly reactive and detonable fuels in the development of PDE systems and subsystems. Specifically, APRI has focused on the use of hydrogen fuel, for use in multi-mode PDE-ramjet-scramjet combined cycle systems. However, the use of storable liquid hydrocarbon fuels that are of this engine in defense systems such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), cruise missiles, and target drones. Hence this proposal describes the conceptual design for a practical low-cost PDE and a development path for the use of liquid hydrocarbon fuels in PDE's. |
| BUSEK CO., INC.
11 Tech Circle Natick, MA 01760 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 655-5565
Dr. V, Hruby AF 98-045 |
| Title: | High Power Hall Thruster Development |
| Abstract: | The electric power capacity of military and commercial satellites, especially those intended for communication is rapidly increasing. Transponder power requirements and ever increasing number of channels drives commercial satellite designs to 20 kw levels with higher power designs to come. The beneficiary of this trend is electric propulsion, in particular Hall thrusters, who's role is expanding from station keeping to orbit transfer and even orbit raising. The need for high power Hall Thruster has also been identified by the recent USAF Scientific Advisory Board. Stemming from the experience of the Gulf conflict, the Board recommended the development of fast repositioning capability which was recognized by the recent Air Force IHPRPT program focused on 3 to 10 kw Hall thruster technology development. To satisfy these needs, Busek proposes the development of a novel 8 kw Hall Thruster capable of effficient operation over a broad range of Isp and thrust to satisfy the conflicting requirements for high Isp station keeping and high thrust orbit repositioning/raising. In Phase I, a laboratory model 8 kw thruster will be designed, built and tested in our existing facilities. In Phase II, advanced prototype will be built and tested at Busek and at the Air Force Research Laboratory that has expressed strong interest in a collabortive testing program using advanced diagnostic techniques. |
| CONCEPTS ETI, INC.
4 Billings Farm Road White River Junct, VT 05001 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(802) 296-2321
Mr. Nicholas C. D'Orsi AF 98-045 |
| Title: | High-Head, Hydrogen Turbopump System |
| Abstract: | Hydrogen pumping system discharge pressures of 6,000 to13,000 psi are required to meet Phase II and III IHPRPT initiative goals for both upper stage and booster engines. There is a conflict between developing high hydrogen system discharge pressure and managing low hydrogen system inlet pressure and cavitation. A second conflict is the relationship between rotational speed, specific speed, and head coefficient (i.e. stage loading limits). A third conflict is rotational speed limitations. A key innovation of the proposed work is to further develop and combine high stage loading, compact diffuser/continuous crossover, and advanced bearing technologies to overcome these three conflicts. The Phase I project goal is to select a highly-loaded turbopump best suited to meet Phase II IHPRPT goals for a selected engine cycle. A multitude of differrent potential turbopump configurations will be considered by performing iterative turbopump scoping and engine cycle calculations. This will establish trade-off factors for single and multistage highly-loaded turbopumps. This work will be focused on determining the optimum liquid hydrogen pumping system for the selected engine cycle and specifying the preferred high pressure liquid hydrogen turbopump. Phase II plans include designing the preferred components, and manufacturing and rig-testing demonstration hardware. |
| MAROTTA SCIENTIFIC CONTROLS, INC.
78 Boonton Avenue Montville, NJ 07045 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(973) 334-7800
Michael Mullaney AF 98-045 |
| Title: | Advanced Rocket Propulsion Technologies |
| Abstract: | Electromechanically Actuated (EMA) valves are generally defined as valves operated by electornically controlled motor drive systems, rather than by valved hydraulic or pneumatic systems. Marotta Scientific Controls reviewed the current state-of-the-art for EMA ball valves in the cryogenic rocket propulsion industry and performed a trade study comparing these valves to a new and innovative valve design which significantly reduces the operating power. The trade study focused on valve attributes such as envelope, weight, power, torque loads, reliability, producibility, cost and leakage. A sample specification was used to baseline each of the various types of valves so that a one-to-one trade could be successfully completed. Learning from the shortcomings of the present state-of-the-art, the innovative electromagnetically actuated (EMA) cryogenic valve innovation has been designed to provide high performance and reliable, long life operation in a unique simplified, lower cost configuration. This unique EMA valve concept has been specially designed to eliminate or reduce considerably several of the major loading torques (e.g. Bearing Friction Torque, Seat Scrubbing Friction Torque, Stem Seal Friction Torque, Aerodymanic Torque, Pressure Unbalance, Spring Loads). Reducing the torques facilitates the design of a lower power EMA. |
| PYRODYNE, INC.
11280 Panorama Drive New Market, MD 21774 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 607-6108
Frederick S. Billig AF 98-045 |
| Title: | Engine Selection Code and Technology Program for RBCC |
| Abstract: | The proposed program comprises two tasks: (1) the development of a user friendly PC/Work Station code that generates a technical assessment to provide (a) the rationale for selection of the optimal propulsion system to meet a particular mission requirement, and (b) a basis for identifying and prioritizing key technical deficiencies requiring resolution to ensure a successful development program; (2) the design of a large scale RBCC test facility and experimental apparatus and the planning of an experimental/analytical effort to resolve the key technical deficiencies. Phase I of this generalized methodology will focus on the particular issue of the selection of a rocket based or a rocket-dual mode ram-scramjet propulsion system (RBCC) for the first stage of a two stage space access vehicle and the resolution of the underlying technical isues that would impact a development program. |
| REFRACTORY COMPOSITES, INC.
107 North Langley Road Glen Burnie, MD 21060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 768-2490
Frederick S. Lauten, Ph.D AF 98-045 |
| Title: | Ceramic Composites Regeneratively Cooled Rocket Engine Components |
| Abstract: | Recently Refractory Composites, Inc. (RCI) successfully demonstrated a new class of materials, actively cooled ceramic composites. RCI proposes to extend this technology to Refeneratively Cooded C/SiC composites for rocket engine hot section components such as combusters and nozzles. In order to contain the high combustion pressures, 2500 psi and higher, in high performance engines, RCI will develop a hybrid composite material system having high strength and low gas permeabilities. The regeneratively cooled ceramic composite operating at hot surface temperatures greter than 2500 degrees F has large pay-offs as a result of a significant weight reductions due to decreases in component mass and descreased wet fraction associated with higher operating temperatures. Furthermore, with wall temperatures of 2500 degrees F for C/SiC as opposed to 800 degrees F, there is a reduction in total hydrogen cooling mass required per unit time, thus reduced turbo pump engine cycle losses. The primary goal of the Phase I program will be to demonstrate the technical and economic feasibility of regeneratively cooled C/SiC body of revolution rocket components operating at combustion pressures above 2500 psi. In Phase I material and thrust chamber testing will be performed. Pratt & Whitney will assist in materials characterization, component design and, during the Phase II program, larger scale component testing. |
| SPECTRAL SCIENCES, INC.
99 South Bedford Street Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-4770
Dr. Steven Adler-Golden AF 98-046 |
| Title: | A Correlated-k Plume Radiative Transfer Code |
| Abstract: | Accurate modeling of radiation from rocket plumes is critical for remote sensing simulations and assessing vehicle base heating. Current computer models use approximate radiative transfer and computational methods that were developed 20-30 years ago. A unified, general, and accurate approach for rocket plume radiation is needed that takes advantage of rapid advances in computer speed and parallel processing and in radiative transfer modeling. Spectral Sciences, Inc. proposes to develop a new code for plume radiation using recently developed techniques implemented in state-of-the-art atmospheric radiation models. The objectives are to handle the IR through UV spectrum, altutides from ground to space, two-phase and scattering effects, LTE and non-LTE conditions, and 3D geometries. The code will use an innovative Correlated-k approach for treating molecular absorption. Advantages include the ability to handle large temperature and pressure gradients and adherence to Beer's law for proper treatment of scattering. Phase I will demonstrate this approach in the IR wavelength region for 3D gaseous plumes. In Phase II the method will be extended to the UV-visible region, the scattering algorithm will be fully implemented, user and flowfield interfaces will be developed, and the code will be delivered. |
| SOUTHWEST SCIENCES, INC.
1570 Pacheco Street Santa Fe, NM 87505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 984-1322
Dr. David S. Bomse AF 98-048 |
| Title: | A Novel Mass Spectrometer for Energetic Materials Decomposition Chemistry |
| Abstract: | Decomposition studies of energetic materials require rapid (microsecond resulution), highly sensitive detection of a plethora of reaction intermediates and products. The detection system must be able to distinguish among numerous compounds in real time without using traditional methods of chromatographic separation. The proposing company, Southwest Sciences, has invented an improved mass spectrometer that will be particularly useful for studying decomposition of energetic materials. The approach, called ionization energy modulated mass spectrometry (IEMMS), combines conventional mass spectral data with information about the appearance potentials of the ions to generate a two-dimensional spectrum in order to identify the difference species produced. Microsecond time resolution is possible. IEMMS should provide complementary information to the diagnostic techniques (primarily step-scanned Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) now used in mechanistic and kenetic studies of energetic material decomposition chemistry. The Phase I effort will demonstrate the usefulness of IEMMS by analyzing binary mixtures of key compounds that cannot usually be distinguished by conventional mass spectrometry and/or cannot be detected readily using optical spectroscopy. The Phase II project will culminate in the construction, testing, and delivery to the Air Force Research Laboratory of an ionization energy modulated mass spectrometer configured with a pulsed pyrolysis source. |
| SRS TECHNOLOGIES
500 Discovery Drive Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(205) 971-7026
James P. Paxton AF 98-049 |
| Title: | Remote Quality Measurement of Deployable Collectors and Structures |
| Abstract: | Solar Thermal Propulsion (STP) is becoming an increasingly viable alternative to chemical propulsion upperstage. The STP technologies are nearing the flight experiment stage of development. During a STP flight experiment, it will be desirable to evaluate the accuracy of the deployment and quality of the solar concentrator(s). This proposal describes a measurement system based on digital photogrammetry that will be designed to meet these objectives. In Phase I, a baseline system will be modified to operate remotely in the vacuum environment of the AFRL SPEF chamber at Edwards AFB. The system will be capable of measuring the position and orientation of an inflatable solar concentrator and its support structure with respect to the desired focal plane. The system will also be capable of measuring the shape error of the collector directly; and through a conversion algorithm and optical ray trace code, the slope error of the collector will be determined. The system will be demonstrated during a deployment test of STP hardware in the SPEF chamber. In Phase II, the system built in Phase I will be used as the baseline for a flight design of a measurement system to be used on an upcoming Spartan bus STP flight experiment. |
| EXCITON, INC.
P.O. Box 31126 Dayton, OH 45437 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 821-6949
Paul A. Cahill AF 98-053 |
| Title: | Demonstration of a Scalable Quadricyclane Production Process |
| Abstract: | Propose a continuous process for the triplet-sensitized photochemical conversion of norbornadiene to quadricyclane for the purpose of (1) demonstrating process technology and (2) determining the scaling and cost factors needed for the design of a pilot plant facility in a Phase II project. The process is based on non-obvious improvements to both the process (batch continuous) and chemistry (improved sensitization). The proposed Phase I process is designed to provide multigrams of quadricyclane per hour at >99% purity for a demonstration of the technology and will include the production of samples for further testing and evaluation by the DoD. The process will (1) utilize a sensitizer with an absorption band that more optimally matches the emission from a high efficiency UV source than sensitizers previously used, and (2) will implement a system that efficiently shifts short wavelength UV light for optimal throughput and efficiency. A continuous-flow purification process will yield high final product purity at the lowest possible cost. The proposed reactor is a scaled version of a pilot plant design that would produce 1-2 pounds of quadricyclane per hour per stage. Variables to be optimized include pump speed, sensitizer concentration, energy transfer agents, and cooling capacity. |
| MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, INC.
6022 Constitution Ave NE Albuquerque, NM 87110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 255-8611
Kenneth G. Blemel AF 98-055 |
| Title: | Advanced Integrated Instruments for Space |
| Abstract: | This SBIR project research will lead to development of revolutionary miniature application specific modules based on the exciting Advanced Instrument Controller (AIC) technology being developed for the Joint Strike Fighter prognostics and health management team. This project will perform research and prototype development leading to a revolutionary new breed of ultra-reliable, multi-purpose, reconfigurable micro-electronic modules. The technology will be based on government off the shelf (GOTS) space rated advanced instrument controller technology that accurately measures, computes, and manages. The half ounce, low power modules will combine the functionality of several devices weighing several kilograms. The devices will have an IEEE standard data interface tosend navigation information via a message passing interface. The modules will combine the AIC with commercial off the shelf (COTS) micro-machined electro-mechanical sensors and ancillary electronics such as amplifiers and signal conditioners. In Phase I, we will perform research to identify the best choice for using the modules in space missions. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4368
Peter A. Warren, Ph.D AF 98-056 |
| Title: | Super Precision Integral Folding Hinge Structure |
| Abstract: | Future, large aperture observation spacecraft will require large mirrors and structures to be deployed with optical precision. Current technologies require complex drive, joint and latch mechanisms that have intricate contact mechanics that make the structures less accurate and difficult to analyze. Operational experience and laboratory testing have shown the mechanisms cause sudden changes in shape that make deployed optics inaccurate and difficult to control.The proposed innovation is a continuously braided structure in which the folding joints that allow for stowing and deployment are integral to the structure. By utilizing unique braiding techniques to form locking joints from the same composite fibers that comprise the truss tubes, the truss deploys to form a rigid structure with no moving parts. Since ther are only flexing parts, the structure has no contact interfaces that can produce nonlinear dynamics. Since the structure is braided from continuous fibers, electrical and optical conductors can be bonded within the fibers; eliminating the nonlinear contribution of traditional cable bundles.the monolithic structure will have nanometer deployment repeatability and stability. The proposed innovative structural concept will enable the deployment of large aperture optical instruments and structures at a greatly reduced cost; power and launch mass. |
| STARSYS RESEARCH, INC.
4909 Nautilus Court North Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 530-1925
Scott Christiansen AF 98-056 |
| Title: | Part-Per-Million Latching Actuator |
| Abstract: | This will develop an alternative technology for precision actuation and latching. A linear actuator based on paraffin expansion will be coupled with an innovative latching mechanism that allows the actuator to hold position when power is turned off. The paraffin actuator is a simple, reliable device with abundant flight heritage. It has potential for ectremely accurate positioning control. It will provide prescise linear actuation with ample stroke and high output force using low power in a compact, lightweight, reliable package that is easy to control. The latching mechanism is both unique and innovative. It is fundamentally different from other latching concepts because it does not rely on the mechanical contact of two mating surfaces. Instead it utilizes a low melting point alloy to freeze and hold the actuator output shaft in the desired position. This latching concept can be applied to other types of actuators and latches (both linear and rotary) including high bandwidth piezo actuators. The combined device will have the following capabilities:1. stroke: 1 millimeter 2. accuracy: <0.1 micron 3. mass: < 40 grams 4. overall length: < 6 cm (2.3 in) 5. zero power latching 6. output force: 150 N (35 lbf) 7. actuation rate: 10 microns/sec A proof of concept prototype will be designed, manufacturing and functionally tested in Phase I. In Phase II the concept will be refined, thoroughly tested and integrated into actuations mechanisms specifically designed for the ULTRALITE project at Phillips Laboratory. |
| NONVOLATILE ELECTRONICS, INC.
11409 Valley View Rd. Eden Praire, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(612) 829-9217
Robert A. Sinclair AF 98-058 |
| Title: | Mechanically Hard, Event Recorder with Nonvolatile Memory |
| Abstract: | A data recording system will be designed that will be smaller than the recorders presently available and contain high speed nonvolatile memory to guard against data loss when power fails. Various nonvolatile memory technologies will be investigated including a new memory technology called MRAM (magnetoresistive random access memory) which has all the characteristics required including fast write times, no wear out mechanisms, no loss of data when the battery fails, high shock tolerance, wide temperature range and low power. A 32k x 8 MRAM chip using NVEs proprietary GMR material which is currently being developed for Eglin AFB will be evaluated to determine its suitability to the needs of this program. Commercial high density packaging techniques will be evaluatedwhich can survive 100k g and samples of the selected technology will be tested with NVE's in-house High G Tester (HGT). Experience gained during a Phase I program for Eglin AFB will be used as a basis for this investigation. A data recorder, using high density nonvolatile memory components, high shock MCM technology, and a new miniature lithium battery technology will be designed to fit within a volume of 1 cubic inch and survive shocks over 100,000 g's. |
| SYSTEM EXCELERATOR, INC.
PO Box 617501 Orlando, FL 32861 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 290-6148
Martin Tanenhaus AF 98-058 |
| Title: | G Hardened Miniaturized Event Recorder with Nonvolatile Memory |
| Abstract: | System Excelerator Inc. (SEI) proposes to implement the first phase of a two phase development effort to create a G-hardened miniaturized event recorder. In this first phase SEI will develop a design for a recorder that will allow sensors to be triggered by an event, manually or periodically, and store the data in nonvolatile memory. The proposed architecture for transient data capture is capable of capturing and processing up to eight channels of sensor data simultaneously from one or two analog to digital converters, analyzing and summarizing the captured data, and storing the data in flash memory until needed. The modular nature of the design allows for different types of single or multi-axis sensor modulars to be used with different g sensitivity thresholds. To implement data recovery, a standard serial connection and command set used to connect the recorder to a PC. |
| AEROSPACE RECOVERY SYSTEMS, INC.
1381 Rounds Ave. Grants Pass, OR 97527 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(541) 479-5956
Robert Kendall, Sr. AF 98-059 |
| Title: | Inflatable Decelerator/Descent & Recovery Systems for Space, Suborbital & Near-Space Payloads & Manned Spacecraft |
| Abstract: | One objective is to develop reliable ways and means other than parachutes/parawings to decelerate, descend and revover payloads lost during pre-orbit launch failures, improper orbit insertion and spacecraft operational failure in space, suborbital and near-space applications. Another objective is to eliminate uncontrolled payload free-fall trajectory into restricted or populated areas, and use proprietary means to precision guide and soft-land the descending vehicle and payload to within a 300 meter diameter circle. Use of patented and proven, stowed, then inflatable, cone shaped decelerators with a high degree of packaging flexibility to envelop and protect a wide variety of payloads during atmospheric and space descent, and impact on water without immersion, or, on land to recover valuable payloads for reuse is proposed. Use of rapid descent, deflatable impact attenuators to dissipate and minimize impact forces during rapid final descent and landing is proposed. Dual and multiple use applications include deployment of Inflatable Recovery Vehicles to safely return aborted unmanned/manned commercial expendable launch vehicles,personnel, components, and spacecraft; capture and deorbit of orbital debris, microgravity payloads; threat shielding of on-orbit spacecraft. Derivative applications include aircraft crew escape/recovery, airborne payload deployment during hostile conflicts, floods, earthquakes and other disasters. |
| TEXSAR
6777 Camp Bowie Blvd., Ste 331 Fort Worth, TX 76116 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(817) 735-9502
Murl R. Richardson AF 98-059 |
| Title: | Precision-Guided High Altitude Payload Recovery |
| Abstract: | The opportunity exists to develop a reliable, precision-guided descent and recovery system for high altitude payloads. Government agencies launching space, sub-orbital, and near-space payloads desire the ability to safely recover these payloads without the risk of landing in restricted, inaccessible or populated areas. Payloads of particular interest are those involved with aborted launches, improper orbit insertions, and spacecraft operational failures. To assure safe payload returns - a controllable sub-sonic recovery device must be incorporated with a functional hypersonic deceleration device. Autonomous parafoil systems using GPS guidance are the obvious choice for sub-sonic precision recovery. Low-surface-loading, inflatable, hypersonic drag devices can achieve sufficiently low ballistic coefficients to allow parafoil deployment. Once a payload has been decelerated to sub-sonic velocity and a parafoil can be deployed - the parafoil guidance can steer the payload to one of many pre-programmed landing sites. Phase I of the proposed SBIR effort will concentrate on the feasibility of decelerating high altitude, space payloads to velocities that will permit deployment of an autonomous, GPS guided parafoil recovery device. The design will examine uncontrolled reentry payloads such as those encountered with launch failures, sub-orbital flights, and high altitude scientific balloons. |
| ACTIVE CONTROL EXPERTS, INC.
215 First St. Cambridge, MA 02142 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 577-0700
Dr. Ronald Spangler AF 98-060 |
| Title: | Smart, Adaptive Packages for Vibration Suppression |
| Abstract: | In many structures with vibration problems, the nature of the problem is uncertain, or varies over time. Thus it is not possible 'a priori to design a linear, time-invariant, (LTI) feedback control law which is guaranteed to meet performance, or possibly even stability requirements over the entire operating range. These applications require an intelligent control system which can adapt to the changes in its environment.ACX proposes to develop an adaptive, compact, integrated SmartPack for vibration reduction in systems with time-varying harmonic disturbances or uncertain time-invariant dynamics. Each package would include actuators and sensors, drive and signal conditioning electronics as well as complex, intelligent controllers to yield a self-standing solution to a wide range of vibration problems. The packaging will provide a protective skin offering electrical isolation, and a means for integration of sensors, signal conditioning and control electronics. The ability of the adaptive SmartPack to reduce vibration levels or perform structural control tasks in a time-varying disturbance environment will be evaluated during testing and characterization. The Phase II effort would refine the design of the device, produce a manufacturing plan for high volume production, and isolate a target commercial application. |
| ADAPTIVE SENSORS, INC.
216 Pico Blvd., Ste 8 Santa Monica, CA 90405 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 396-9488
Harold M. Finn AF 98-060 |
| Title: | Development of a Space-Time Adaptive Processing SBR Capable of Performing the Detection and Track Missions for Both Ground Moving Targets & Airborne.. |
| Abstract: | Potential cost effective proprietary solutions to a number of outstanding problems involved in achieving an SBR capable of meeting military surveillance and reconnaissance requirement for the detection and track of both ground and airborne moving targets are proposed to be further developed and "fold-into" the design of a robust and cost effective space-time adaptive processing SBR. Performance evaluations will be made with a 3-D broadband simulation model. The problem with proposed design measure solutions, include the difficulty in meeting the minimum detectable velocity (MDV) requirement in the GMTI mode due to the large platform velocity; the relatively high cost of time delay steering of the E-scan antenna or hybrid phase-time delay steering, and which also do not satisfactorily address the antenna dispersion problem; the need for reliable SBR operation over a long time period (7 to 10 years); the performance degradation due to distortions of the planar array antenna (warping and twisting); the susceptibility to certain interference environments; range walk degradation; the potential need for a shared aperture two-band antenna; and the potential need for an effective frame-time reduction mode. |
| CPU TECHNOLOGY, INC.
4900 Hopyard Rd., Ste 300 Pleasanton, CA 94588 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 224-9920
Gail Walters AF 98-060 |
| Title: | Repeatable, Low-Risk Process-Independent Methodology for Translating Commercial Processor Designs to Radiation-Hardened Foundry Libraries |
| Abstract: | Phase I is an experiment to demonstrate the feasibility of a radiation/hardened Processor Development Methodolgy (RH-PDM) for translating commercial processor designs to radiation-hardened (rad-hard) doundry libraries. The proposed methodology is very low-risk, repeatable, and foundry process independent. The work effort for this experiment consists of translating a commercial processor design to a rad-hard library, and then proving that the results of the methodology are manufacturable, and that the rad-hard and commercial processors are functionally identical. Phase I objectives are: 1) Program CPU Technology tools ro accomodate rad-hard libraries, 2) Synthesize a commercial processor, utilizing the methodology, to rad-hard libraries, 3) Verify commercial-to-rad-hard translated design functionality, 4) Prove process-independence of the methodology by demonstrating manufacturability of the rad-hard design in two independent foundries, and 5) Re-synthesize rad-hard design to commercial design language and execute to verify identical functionality. The foundry analysis will be the ultimate determinant of manufacturability. In Phase II, a government selected processor type will be taken through the entire Processor Development Methodology, beginning with Instruction Set Architecture development. |
| FEDERAL FABRICS-FIBERS, INC.
51 Middlesex St. N. Chelmsford, MA 01863 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 470-1859
Fred W. Geurts AF 98-060 |
| Title: | Light Weight Space Support Structures |
| Abstract: | Depending on the load bearing requirements of a structure, a simple thin film may not be adequate. Since fibers have at least an order of magnitude more strength, and very low elongation, along their axis than fil materials a fiber reinforced structure is necessary in situations which involve heavy loads exposed to gravity, or massive loads undergoing accelerations or decelerations.For space applications, an "optimized structure" is desired which is defined as "the lightest weight structure that can support the design load". Depending on the load requirements two components are needed for an optimized structure. A thin film, which serves as a vapor/gas impermeable inflation layer and an outer fiber based restraining layer.Federal Fabrics-Fibers, Inc. (FFF) produces all sorts of shaped and sized inflatable structures. FFF makes seamless tubes with diameters from 4 to 54 inches and lengths up to 100m. These tubes are woven unsing a proprietary CAD/CAM method. FFF can also produce seamless spheres, arches, circular and elliptic torus and coils. With slight alterations complex surfaces such as parabolas can be produced. Rigid and semi rigid components may be employed to link individual components together to produce complex structures. The structures can be used as booms, solar-array, sun shade, solar concentrator, planar array and reflector antenna supports. Finally these structures are versatile in that they can be used in terrestrial, vacuum, lunar or Martian applications. |
| MISSION RESEARCH CORP.
1720 Randolph Rd. SE Albuquerque, NM 87106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 768-7709
Jeffrey D. Black AF 98-060 |
| Title: | DRAM for Space Computing |
| Abstract: | Future military and commercial space systems require increased computing resources including volatile random access memory. COTS memory devices hold significant density advantages over radiation hardened memory devices. However, the space environment, especially high energy ions, make the implementation of COTS hardware difficult and this will continue to worsen as COTS memory densities continue to increase. Our Phase I proposal makes use of the COTS memory devices and commercial processes to enable the use of dynamic random access memory (DRAM) in space computers. To accomplish this we propose a two-pronged effort: the development of a COTS radiation tolerant memory module and the concept of a radiation hardened DRAM device for a commercial foundry. These Phase I efforts will lead to Phase II prototype lot fabrications and testing at an expense much lower than a traditional radiation hardened device development. |
| NAVSYS CORP.
14960 Woodcarver Rd. Colorado Springs, CO 80921 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 481-4877
Dr. Alison K. Brown AF 98-060 |
| Title: | Space Systems Technology Development of GPS Denial and Augmentation from Space |
| Abstract: | A key national security issue is maximizing the military benefits of GPS while minimizing the risks. The denial of GPS to enemies during conflicts without denying GPS to friendly forces is required to assure dominance. The most effective method of protecting GPS from jamming is through providing a high power GPS signal; e.g. from a geostationary augmentation. Similarly, the most effective of denying GPS C/A code is through jamming the GPS signal with a high poer broadband noise or CW source at Ll (1575.42 MHz). However, the power required to continuously transmit a jamming signal over an interdicted area limits the application of long duration high altitude UAVs or space-based resources as jammer platforms.In this proposal, a low power method of selective denial is proposed that is suitable for use by space systems or high altitude UAV platforms. Under this effort, NAVSYS proposes to develop a preliminary space system architecture and design for a GPS augmentation system to provide both protection and selective denial from space. |
| NONVOLATILE ELECTRONICS, INC.
11409 Valley View Rd. Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(612) 829-9217
Erik Lange AF 98-060 |
| Title: | High Speed Spin Valve Magnetoresistive Isolated Signal Transceiver |
| Abstract: | The challenge of reliable, high speed data transfer between subsystems on spacecraft can be more easily met when subsystems are elctrically isolated. This program will show the feasibility of a high speed, low power isolated digital transceiver device based on spin valve magnetoresistive isolation technology. Commercially available isolated transceiver modules require upwards of sixty discrete components. The spin valve isolator technology will enable a device with equivalent functionality but with an order of magnitude lower parts count and a significantly higher switching speed capability. During this program, existing spin valve isolators will be integrated with bi-directional data transmission at speeds greater than fourty megabits per second. Additional integration including a monolithic dc-dc converter will be investigated in a Phase II effort to yield an ultra-low power isolated transceiver multi-chip module capable of digital data transmission rates greater than one hundred megabits per second. This device will provide high speed operation while offering size and power advantages relative to existing technologies to free-up valuable board space, weight and power for other systems. Also, silicon on insulator technology will be used for improved radiation hardness. |
| SPACE ELECTRONICS, INC.
4031 Sorrento Valley Blvd. San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 452-4167
Dr. Michael Featherby AF 98-060 |
| Title: | Low Cost Space Hardened Power MOSFET |
| Abstract: | This cross-cutting technology provides a truly innovative, cost effective approach to space hardened power MOSFETs based on commerical-off-the-shelf (COTS) technology. The problem to be solved is the development of a simple technique to harden power MOSFETs to Single Event Gate Rupture (SEGR) while not compromisong and perhaps improving their hardness to total ionizing radiation exposure.At the same time, minor structural modifications would be implemented to reduce Single Event Burnout (SEB) susceptibility. All changes are implementable in a commercial power MOSFET process and fabrication facility. This accomplishment would allow the fabrication of power MOSFETs for application in spaceborne electronics at reduced production costs. The availability of this class of power MOSFETs based on minor modifications of COTS technologies, would decrease system costs and at the same time increase system reliability.This innovate concept will demonstrate the feasibility of using a modified gate oxide structure consisting of a silicon oxide/silicon nitride/ silicon oxide sandwich as a simple technique to harden Vertical Double MOSFETs to SEGR while maintaining their hardness to total ionizing radiation exposure.Phase I will thoroughly explore the parameter of the proposed process modification. An optimal silicon oxide/silicon nitride/silicon oxide layered structure as the gate oxide will be designed. |
| TRUAX ENGINEERING, INC.
1125 Adele Lane San Marcos, CA 92069 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 480-0986
R. C. (Bob) Truax AF 98-060 |
| Title: | Space Systems Technology Development |
| Abstract: | Truax Engineering Inc. (TEI) is seeking SBIR Phase I funding to complete the initial configuration of a simple, low cost, 75,000 lb thrust, pressure fed, lattice injector, liquid rocket engine Model No. RCT-75K-097 R-1. The engine contains the following innovations aimed at lowering launch costs:A) A lattice injector design based on entirely new and different injection principle never attempted before. (Design, fabrication, and test plan details are proprietary.)B) A combustion concept that carries the possibility for suppression of combustion instability, allows reliable ignition and re-ignition, minimizes afterburning, and has the potntial for high and predictable efficiency (C*) at any scale.Project objectives:The objectives of the Phase I work are to complete the 75k engine pre-burner hydraulic proof testing, conduct water flow tests, and complete the planning for hot firing of the pre-burner at the New Mexico Tech, Energetic Materials Research Test Center (EMRTC), Rocket Test Stand (RTS), in Socorro, New Mexico. |
| ITN ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC.
12401 West 49th Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 420-1141
Robert R. Hanson AF 98-061 |
| Title: | Flexible, Roll-Up MFS Blanket for Phased-Array Antennas |
| Abstract: | ITN proposes herein a revolutionary new flexible phased-array antenna blanket which promises significant mass savings over previous antenna designs, and may provide critical the breakthrough needed for a feasible, affordable SBR system.Out concept is to assemble SBR's 22m x 6m aperture using twelve 11m x 1m subarrays. Each subarray is highly integrated MFS with the following major elements:1. One-piece 11m x 1m x 0.010in composite MFS substrate.2. Nadir-side flex-circuit with radiator patches and groundplane.3. Anti-nadir-side flex-circuit with active antenna electronics.The flex-circuits are bonded to the MFS substrate, and electrical leads from the radiators pass through the substrate and interconnect to the active electronics. The resulting antenna blanket is thin, flexible and very lightweight. In addition, the entire blanket can be stowed as a roll for launch. This design offers both low-level modularity (flex-circuits) and high level modularity (subarrays), which is key to achieving the production rates and throughput required for a cost-effective SBR constellation.In this Phase I, we will address key technical issues with each MFS element, explore feasibility in the subarray integration approach, and quantify the system-level benefit of the proposed flexible, rolled-up antenna blanket. |
| CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP.
727 Airport Blvd. Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 668-2567
Dr. Charles J. Jacobus AF 98-062 |
| Title: | Behavior Recognition System for Identifying and Monitoring Human Activities |
| Abstract: | Differentiating between normal human activity and suspicious behavior is a difficult task, wether performed by a sensing device or a human observer. Such a human observer would find such a task tedious and costly to perform. Fortunately, a sensing system is not bothered by tedious tasks. Such a system could be implemented to prume out obviously normal behavior, and tag human activities which could be suspicious and would therefor need more attention by a human operator. However, such behavior recognition systems have not been developed due to the difficulty of identifying and classifying such motions. We propose the development of a system which not only identifies humans in the environment and their location, but can also classify and identify their activity, providing a threat assessment. The heuristics needed involve recognition of information bearing features in the environment and the determination of how those features relate to each other over time. This is gesture recognition. This proposal addresses the technology development necessary to create a gesture recognition sensor system, enhancing it to create a behavior recognition, which would perform the dual task of classifying objects in terms of threats as well as determining the behavior (state) of objects in motion. |
| KITWARE, INC.
6 Equinox Ct. Clifton Park, NY 12065 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 393-2142
Dr. William J. Schroeder AF 98-063 |
| Title: | Graphical Visualization Framework for Representing Uncertainty in Dynamic 3-Dimensional Data |
| Abstract: | Although visualization is a provent technology for communicating complex and/or voluminous information, one significant problem is its inability to display information describing data uncertainty. This deficiency has negative on analyzing or assessing data, since the integrity or quality of data is vital for good decision making. There is a need to develop good visualization technologies capable of representing, processing, and displaying uncertainty. Such technology would improve the overall decision making process because the quality of data would be taken into account, not just its expected value.The objective of this proposal is to develop a flexible, general system and set of components from which to build specialized vusualization applications with the ability to visualize data uncertainty. The system is adaptable to a variety of data sources, supports the creation of novel techniques and algorithms, and enables combinations of these techniques to create new displays and applications. Such a framework is necessary to support the variety of data encountered in general application and to allow custom applications to be constructed from the components of the system. |
| EAGLE EYE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
950 Herndon Pkwy, Ste 230 Herndon, VA 20170 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 478-3340
Eric Eng AF 98-064 |
| Title: | Remote Tracking with SpaceTRAC |
| Abstract: | Tracking of and data communications with individual people has been a pressing need for years. Eagle Eye will develop a wrist-watch size tracking device with a two-way digital messaging capability for military personnel. Eagle Eye has developed a patent pending accurate satellite tracking technique and has designed a system to implement the tracking unit. Eagle Eye proposes to develop a thin unit using existing technology with the specific goals of global operation via communication satellites, long battery life, in-building operation, tracking accuracy to better than 100 meters, and low unit recurring cost. During Phase I the detailed requirements and design for an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) for the RF Front-end will be developed. This ASIC will be incorporated into a new DSP ASIC currently under development to create the wrist-watch unit. During Phase II the prototype will be fabricated and tested via low Earth orbiting satellite. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4368
Peter Warren AF 98-065 |
| Title: | Nanometer Accuracy Positionally Stable Latch |
| Abstract: | Future large aperture space observation missions will require large mirrors and structures to be deployed with optical precision. Current technologies require latches that have high friction contact mechanisms that have experimentally shown to make the structures unstable at the mission level and their behavioe difficult to predict, Many Air Force optical platforms have the additional requirement that they are capable of recovering from large-scale slew maneuvers in less than one second. Such maneuvers are typical of the disturbances that trigger uncontrollable nonlinear dynamics.Foster-Miller is proposing to develop a latch that is based on the innovative combination of precision ball bearing contacts. The latch is specifically designed to provide smooth closure and nanometer level repeatibility. Sets linear bearings are used to tailor the load paths so that no energy can be stored through internal contact friction. Since the latch is incapable of internally storing energy, it cannot shoe the "micro-lurch" behavior that has limited previous deployable structures.The monolithic, nanometer stability latch would provide future Air Force deployed optical instruments with a reliable, high accuracy latch component that would have nanometer level performance, be completely ground verifiable, and maintain its position and linearity under anticipated vibrational loading. |
| PLANNING SYSTEMS, INC.
7923 Jones Branch Dr. McLean, VA 22102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(601) 863-0007
John Walrod AF 98-066 |
| Title: | Distributed Neural Network for Smart Structures Applications |
| Abstract: | Neural control algorithms have been the subject of intensive study and development over the last ten years. Their chief advantages are their potntial to control many sensors and actuators in a distributed fashion, thus relieving the burden levied on each computational unit; and their ability to optimize their own performance based on measured data, reducing or eliminating their dependence on highly questionable and complex models of the system to be controlled. Both of these advantages are crucial to the success of future missions, but their realization depends absolutely on the existence of a neural network that is low-cost and efficient, both in terms of its impact on system resources such as weight, size and power and in terms of development costs.Planning Systems Inc. (PSI) proposes an innovative approach which leverages COTS local area network technology to provide a fas, modular neural network. The proposed system will enable algorithm designers to develop and implement high spped algorithms in an efficient, high-level software environment. |
| S&K ELECTRONICS
53347 Hwy 93 Ronan, MT 59864 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(281) 461-3890
Larry C. Li AF 98-066 |
| Title: | Fault-Tolerant Parallel Distributed Neural Network Processing System for Adaptive Control and System Identification |
| Abstract: | S&K Electronics (SKE) proposes a fault-tolerant, parallel distributed processing (FTPDP) system capable of implementing a variety of neural network paradigms for system identification and control applications. The proposed FTPDP system offers a scalable and modular hardware architecture that interconnects small, low-cost neural processors with fault-tolerant high-speed serial buses. The neural processors will have onboard analog or digital I/Os for local data collection and control. Firmware onboard the processors will handle the dynamic resource allocation and configuration, neural network algorithm execution, including on-line learning, inter-processor communication and fault isolation. A host software package will be developed to support application development and provide flexibility ti implement various neural network paradigms. The host software will also enable users to perform on-line load balancing by reassigning neurons to different physical neural processors as well as monitoring the status of the network.The proposed FTPDP system is well suited for current and future spacecraft missions requiring accurate pointing and structural stability, e.g. the Hubble Space Telescope, the Orbiting Stellar Interferometer, and the Precision Orbiting Interferometer in Space (POINTS). |
| CSA ENGINEERING, INC.
2850 West Bayshore Rd. Palo Alto, CA 94303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 494-7351
Joseph R. Maly AF 98-067 |
| Title: | Lightweight Composite Launch Vehicle Fairings with Integrated Damping |
| Abstract: | Payloads are subjected to an extreme acoustic environment during launch. Much of this environment is due to sound radiated from the fairing structure, which encloses and protects the payload while providing a smooth aerodynamic surface for interaction with the atmosphere during launch. The severe acoustics cause structural vibrations of the payload that can damage components and threaten mission success. The proposed program will demonstrate the feasibility of incorporating passive, viscoelastic material damping into composite payload-fairing structures while maintaining their strength and stiffness. The work will focus on design and manufacturing methods, including co-curing of viscoelastic with composite material, to greatly reduce costs and improve performance compared to existing fairings. Finite elmeent analysis will be used to determine candidate configurations. Proof of concept panels will be fabricated and tested. Measurement will be used with a combined finite-element/boundary-element acoustic analysis to predict performance of a fairing built with this technology. The long-term objective is a manufacturing capability for a highly damped payload fairing. |
| PATTERNED FIBER COMPOSITES, INC.
1184 East 830 South Pleasant Grove, UT 84062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 785-7102
William F. Pratt AF 98-067 |
| Title: | Lightweight Composite Launch Fairings with Integrated Damping |
| Abstract: | The objective of the "Lightweight Composite Launch Fairings With Integrated Damping," SBIR proposal is to develop technologies and procedures that merge damping materials with a patent pending wavy composite system, and create lightweight aerospace structures that meet or exceed specified strength, stiffness, damping, and acoustic requirements. Traditional passive noise and vibration control methods for these structures are heavy, bulky and perform only marginally. Based on a design of experiments, panels of highly damped wavy composites will be constructed, staticallu, modally, and acoustically tested and analyzed. Optimized "proof" panels will be built using the results of the experiment and will exceed requirements for weight, stiffness, strength, and damping. Unprecedented improvements in these panel parameters are expected from Phase I funding. This will lead to the design and manufacture of new highly damped space launch vehicle components that exhibit stiffness and strength many times greater than steel at half the weight of aluminum but over 30 times its damping. This research program combines the expertise of aerospace, materials and engineering firms and a university to deliver new methodologies and material systems for the manufacture of improved aerospace vehicles and components. |
| I-KINETICS, INC.
17 New England Executive Pk Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 270-1300
Bruce Cottman AF 98-068 |
| Title: | Real-Time Heterogeneous Data Fusion and Display Factory |
| Abstract: | The key barrier to realizing new capabilities in real-time data fusion and display systems is integrating current research & development software assets from academia, commercial and military. In practice, almost 100% of real-time data fusion and display systems are custom software driven by domain and often task-specific requirements. In the domain of military data fusion and display systems, mission changes result in requirements change and thus integration of new capabilities is the most significant problem. The innovation leverages distributed object-based technology for advancing Data Fusion and Display software components. The promise of component-based applications is to enable developers and end-users to "snap together" new applications by mixing and matching prefabricated software components. With Air Force guidance, a selected set of Data Fusion and Display software, libraries and data will be transformed into components. Users will be able to assemble custom applications from components located anywhere on the network while developers continue to add new components. Reusable components will result in significant reductions in the cost of Data Fusion and Display application system development, test, and upgrade. The result is the ability to adapt quickly to different user and mission demands, while achieving reliability through the reuse of verified components. |
| ADVANCED MODULAR POWER SYSTEMS, INC.
4667 Freedom Dr. Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 677-4260
Dr. Terry J. Hendricks, P AF 98-069 |
| Title: | Radiation-Tolerant, Eclipse-Compatible Solar AMTEC System |
| Abstract: | Alkali Metal Thermal to Electric Converters (AMTEC) convert heat to electricity at high efficiency without moving parts at temperatures compatible with current solar receiver technology. A Phase I program is proposed which will deliver an integrated, high-temperature thermal storage/high-efficiency AMTEC cell system concepts and a small-scale thermal energy storage (TES) test article for materials compatibility testing. This will begin demonstrating a radiation-tolerant, eclipse-compatible solar AMTEC power systems for medium-earth and geosynchronous orbits. Solar AMTEC systems have the inherent advantage of tolerance to the high-energy radiation environments encountered in MEO and GEO. This Phase I work is directed toward development of high power solar AMTEC systems for future US Air Force (USAF) spacecraft missions using advanced multi-tube AMTEC cells. Successful development will provide AMTEC power systems for USAF missions, such as Space-Based Radar and Integrated Solar Upper Stage, requiring system power output of 10-50 kW, conversion efficiencies over 30%, cell specific powers over 100 W/kg, and system specific powers of 12-14 We/kg in medium-earth and geosynchronous orbits. This program will begin developing the efficient thermal energy storage systems, through basic materials compatibility research, which allow solar AMTEC systems to operate through eclipse phases of various MEO and GEO environments. |
| APPLIED MATERIAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3611 South Harbor Blvd. Santa Ana, CA 92704 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 545-8825
Sung S. Suh AF 98-069 |
| Title: | Polar Woven Flywheel Resin Film Infiltrated |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) project will develop a low-cost resin film infusion approach to fabricating a polar woven (hoop and radial direction reinforced), lightweight composite material rotor for flywheel energy storage (FES) systems. The application of this device will be for an integrated replacement of chemical batteries and attitude control actuators in spacecraft. The tasks of design, fabrication, and testing of a FES advanced rotor design for energy storage with combined attitude control system (ACS) involves many challenges. High priority design issues are long term durability (fatigue life), dynamic stability (balance), and fail-safe operation. Foremost, long-term durability must be adequately accommodated, failure to do so will lead to dynamic on-board disturbances (self-emitted vibrations) and non-safe operating conditions. During an anticipated ten year service, a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) communication satellite is expected to undergo 50,000 cycles (charge/discharge) while supplying 3 to 5 kW-hr of usable energy. The depth-of-discharge of a mechanical (flywheel) energy storage is up towards 90%. Such a high number of cycles and depth-of-discharge presents a major concern for fatigue failure, especially due to radial stresses where the stress and strain capability of a composite material is limited. A polar woven architecture offers radial stiffness and strength support to the rotor design compared to a uni-directional all-hoop winding architecture. |
| SVS R&D SYSTEMS, INC.
6207 Pan American Freeway NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 342-4600
Paul H. Merritt AF 98-070 |
| Title: | Development of Advanced Pointing and Tracking Concepts |
| Abstract: | This effort will develop tracking algorithms and design tracking system compensations to operate under atmospheric scintillation. In September of 1997 a series of evaluation tests for three basic algorithms were conducted at Lincoln Laboratory over a range atmospherically scaled to the Airborne Laser scenario. The data showed that two major problems existed with the tracking algorithms, these were (1)scintillation was making calculation of tilt very difficult, and (2) the false tilt due to scintillation was being coupled back into system via the track loop control of the steering mirror. The test series at Lincoln Laboratories provide a large library of imaging data taken under scaled conditions of turbulence and scintillation. This project will use that data and develop new tracking algorithms and track loop designs to work under scintillated conditions. Several algorithms will be developed and completed, these are (1) spatial and temporal averaging routines, (2) a Kalman filter tracking algorithm, and (3) correlation algorithms. The best performing of the algorithms will be evaluated using a wave optics simulation. |
| CSA ENGINEERING, INC.
2850 W. Bayshore Rd Palo Alto, CA 94303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 494-7351
Roger Glaese AF 98-071 |
| Title: | Active Acoustic Jitter Suppression for the Airborne Laser |
| Abstract: | The Airborne Laser (ABL) system has extremely tight jitter requirements. Acoustic disturbances, such as those caused by the pressure recovery system of the high power laser, are a significant jitter source. At present, plans for acoustic mitigation rely on passive approaches. There is, however, some uncertainty whether these approaches will provide sufficient attenuation. CSA Engineering proposes to develop active acoustic jitter suppression technologies for application to elements of the ABL optical train. The suitability of the numerous acoustic suppression techniques will be assessed. Conceptual designs using the most promising of these suppression techniques will be performed for several ABL components and subassemblies. Structural-acoustic simulations of the optical elements integrated with models of the host aircraft will be used to evaluate performance levels of these acoustic suppression designs. The predicted attenuation levels, and the physical practicality and modularity of the designs will be used in an overall ranking. At least one design will be selected for further evaluation in a hardware demonstration. In the demonstration, a mockup of the optical element will be constructed and tested for acoustically induced jitter. The measured jitter reduction with the acoustic suppression applied will provide an indication of levels of improvement that are realistically achievable. |
| CSA ENGINEERING, INC.
2850 West Bayshore Rd. Palo Alto, CA 94303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 494-7351
Paul S. Wilke AF 98-072 |
| Title: | Adapter for Isolation of Multiple Spacecraft (AIMS) |
| Abstract: | An innovative adapter design for mounting multiple spacecraft to a single launch vehicle is proposed. This adapter is designed such that it cleanly integrates the three primary functions of 1) mounting multiple spacecraft, 2) providing vibration isolation for each spacecraft, and 3) releasing each spacecraft with low-shock separation systems. While multiple spacecraft have been launched on a single launch vehicle on many occasions, neither vibration isolation nor low-shock spacecraft separation has been included. This program will propose and investigate the feasibility of several adapter designs. Advanced passive vibration isolation devices, advanced composite structures, and advanced low-shock spacecraft release mechanisms will be employed in all designs. System-level coupled-loads analyses will be done using complete launch vehicle and spacecraft models to assess each design concept and optimize the vibration isolation design. It is anticipated that this program will result in a multi-spacecraft vibration-isolating adapter design that reduces spacecraft responses due to structure-borne launch vehicle vibrations by a factor of three or more. This will allow the spacecraft designer to design primarily for mission performance rather than launch survivability. Each of the multiple spacecraft being launched in this reduced-vibration environment can be designed with less primary structure and more fuel or more science instruments resulting in expanded mission and cost savings. |
| OCTANT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
158 Commercial, Ste. B Sunnyvale, CA 94086 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 245-6554
Dr. John Farazian AF 98-073 |
| Title: | Autonomous Satellite Technologies |
| Abstract: | Technological advances in satellite design including a reduced electronics cost compounded with larger networks of satellites indicate the need for orbital autonomy. Our approach allows for the graceful migration of ground-based advisor software to an active remote agent in the orbital vehicle. We introduce other technologies to economically produce high-quality model-based expert system engines.Our approach evaluates the performance and economic advantages with this technology. We leverage an existing USAF/PL satellite program's existing simulator, ground station and engineering model flight computer to produce a high fidelity evaluation system. We compare various expert systems architectures with actual vehicle telemetry and mission tasking logs to estimate performance benefits. |
| PRINCETON SATELLITE SYSTEMS
33 Witherspoon St. Princeton, NJ 08542 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 279-9606
Michael Paluszek AF 98-073 |
| Title: | Object Agent System Architecture for Autonomous Spacecraft |
| Abstract: | Reduction of the cost and improving the reliability of spacecraft operations is a goal of many organizations, including the Department of Defense, NASA, and commercial satellite operators. This proposal describes the innovative ObjectAgent _ system architectures that can provide greatly enhanced ease-of-use and nearly any level of autonomy for a satellite system. The system uses a combination of intelligent agents and object oriented design to create a system that is easy to implement and can be customized at any stage of development, even after launch, without rebuilding any of the code. It also allows for the implementation of very complex autonomous tasks through an interface that can be used by the satellite end users, without the support of technical specialists. |
| INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
12210 Fairfax Towne Ctr. Fairfax, VA 22033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 631-9324
Quang M. Lam AF 98-074 |
| Title: | Robust GPS/INS Solution to Launch Vehicle Guidance, Navigation, and Range Safety Systems |
| Abstract: | An integrated MEMS GPS/INS design architecture is proposed for the launch vehicle (LV) navigation solution and range safety applications. The proposed concept consists of three major elements: 1) GPS/INS hardware architecture, 2) GPS/INS software architecture, and 3) robust filtering scheme. The hardware architecture design will be evaluated and down-selected from three major MEMS vendors using our high fidelity simulation environment while the software design architecture is selected implemented in such a way that it optimally provides the right data format and accuracy to meet range safety minimum requirements for the LV GPS receiver Data for the Space Lift Range System. The robust filtering scheme consists of three key features: i) multiple model estimation scheme, ii) the adaptation of the noise statistics via an effective noise identification scheme, and iii) the estimation of both gyro and accelerometer bias vector by using the GPS receiver data as an external aiding sensor to in-flight calibrate the IMU. GPS/INS tightly couples architecture is selected to provide robust navigation solution against poor satellite tracking, data latency, GPS dropout, etc. The proposed concept is capable of 1) correcting the GPS errors via noise identification mechanism and 2) aiding the GPS to reduce acquisition times and velocity errors. |
| WELCH ENGINEERING, LTD.
15200 Shady Grove Rd., Ste 450 Rockville, MD 20850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 947-5160
Raymond V. Welch AF 98-074 |
| Title: | GPS Aided INS Using Microelectromechanical Sensor Technology |
| Abstract: | The Welch Engineering and Hughes Space and Communications (WE/HSC) team is pleased to propose a GPS aided Inertial Navigation System (INS) enabled by Microelectromechnical Systems (MEMS) technology. We will leverage Welch Engineering's expertise in inertial navigation system software design for space and ground applications and HSC's extensive internal MEMS R&D and several of its MEMS research partnerships for the launcher INS applications. We will also leverage off our on-going DARPA SBIR for MEMS tactical INS development. With our relevant expertise, we will define requirements and identify MEMS sensors from proven single-crystal-silicon designs that have the hallmarks of navigation grade inertial sensors. We will also work with GPS vendors to achieve a miniature GPS design. Custom low-power digital CMOS for sensor compensation, control and I/O will complement this high performance MEMS and is also key to our compact universal design. GPS aiding of the MEMS-based IMU will further optimize the navigation solution. Overall compensation will be architected for maximum reuse and plus-and-play utility for future component interchangeability. The Phase I success will set the stage for building a breadboard of the universal INS using a COTS PC product development system in Phase II along with demonstration of the integrated breadboard GPS/INS. |
| PHOTON RESEARCH ASSOC., INC.
5720 Oberlin Drive San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 455-9741
Terri Franklin AF 98-075 |
| Title: | Variable-Resolution Simulation Techniques within the Spacecraft Simulation Toolkit |
| Abstract: | The ability to define, develop, and execute simulation models within the same framework at various levels of resolution using standard modeling techniques is critical in meeting Department of Defense (DoD) objectives of simulation repeatability, correction, and interoperability, and reducing cost and redundancy. Ideally, a simulation user can select a level of simulation resolution and response time that varies in range, from within the same simulation framework. The range could vary from a detailed, high resolution model that supports the design and engineering of a hardware component to an abstract, low resolution model that supports the simulation of a theater level conflict. Variable-resolution techniques that can provide this capability would support the end-to-end simulation of the system acquisition cycle.This effort identifies and prototypes variable-resolution techniques to provide a multi-level simulation modeling capability for spacecraft within the Spacecraft Simulation Toolkit (SST) framework. The SST is an advanced, flexible, development environment for the modeling and simulation of spacecraft. it is being developed by the Air Force Research Laboratory. It is an object-oriented system consisting of software objects which simulate the various systems and subsystems of the physical spacecraft. |
| PRAGATI SYNERGETIC RESEARCH, INC.
145 Stonelake Ct Yorktown, VA 23693 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 865-7080
Mala Mehrotra AF 98-076 |
| Title: | MVP-CA Technology for Mission Rule Set Development and Case-Based Retrieval |
| Abstract: | In spacecraft telemetry, expert systems technology is being used to manage the complexity generated by the greater number of complex measurands. However, an uncontrolled proliferation of rules in an expert system can lead to maintenance, management and retrieval problems of the rulesets. A semi-automated tool, such as Pragati's MVP-CA (Multi-ViewPoint Clustering Analysis) tool, can provide a valuable aid for comprehension, maintenance, integration and evolution of these expert systems by structuring a large knowledge base in various meaningful ways. In this proposal, we seek to determine the feasibility of applying this technology to large, complex spacecraft mission expert systems so as to allow reliable software maintenance and management on them as well as study how these rule sets generated through the MVP-CA tool could be retrieved easily and efficiently through case-based reasoning techniques. Our focus in this project will be to provide relevant information for retrieval maintenance and management of the rule stets through cluster interface definitions which in turn will form the bridge between the MVP-CA tool and case-based reasoning tools. The latter will be used for rule set retrieval for reuse, maintenance and management of the telemetry expert systems. |
| VIRGINIA POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
PO Box 253 Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 231-2327
Dr. Ming Chen AF 98-080 |
| Title: | Space Qualified, High Efficiency, High Current, Modular Power Converter Using Multi-Layer High Density Packaging |
| Abstract: | VPT proposes to design an innovative high-efficiency, low voltage power converter using new radiation resistant silicon synchronous rectifiers. To meet the demanding performance requirements, a high frequency, multi-module, phase interleaved, approach will be employed. The design will also incorporate several VPT-developed technologies. These include a new integrated magnetic power circuit topology, a technique for reliably self-driving synchronous rectifiers, a new feedback control technique, and a multi-layer hybrid packaging technique. VPT's integrated magnetic circuit minimizes the number of interconnects on the transformer secondary and was specifically developed for low voltage, high current applications. The self-driven synchronous rectifier approach recovers energy stored in the device capacitance, yet unlike prior art, allows reliable parallel module operation down to very low output voltages. The feedback control technique allows high bandwidth performance with complete isolation yet does not use an opto-coupler. To achieve high density packaging, a multi-layer hybrid construction technique will be compared against surface mount technology. The converter will be compatible with the requirements of several popular new high-voltage regulated satellite buses including Space Systems Loral, +100Vdc, Hughes, +50Vdc, and Lockheed-Martin, +70Vdc. |
| COMPOSITE OPTICS, INC.
9617 Distribution Ave. San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 621-5390
E. Mark Jahn AF 98-081 |
| Title: | Development of Ultralightweight, Dimensionally Stable, Rigid Panels for Space-Based Radar Antenna |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this SBIR is to develop multifunctional structural panels incorporating TRAM technology, and pretensioned array deployment and support methods, yet, providing improved surface metrology and capability for greater thermal and structural stability. COI proposes to utilize its extensive experience with polymer matrix graphite fiber reinforced composites to develop ultralightweight and dimensionally stable panels for space-based radar antenna applications.Innovative panel designs using triaxial weave composites will be evaluated. These designs will include rigid fixed thickness panels and rigid expanded thickness panels. The rigid expanded thickness being proposed for more efficient stowage of the antenna array. Other ideas will be generated during the conduction of this research program and will be evaluated with those presented herein.As part of this SBIR, the compression member and/or deployment arm for the array will be designed for CTE matching of the panels. A composite of graphite and boron fibers will be used to minimize CTE mismatch with panels and maximize stiffness.This research will consist of material property testing, panel design and characterization, trade studies (including "rigid fixed" and "rigid-expanded" thickness panels), recommendations and work plan for Phase II research. |
| HD ASSOC., INC.
2200 Powell St. Suite 845 Emeryville, CA 94608 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 597-3633
Scott Owen Peck AF 98-081 |
| Title: | One-Piece Deployable Composite Reflector |
| Abstract: | We propose a novel alternative scheme for achieving low stowed volumes of solid surface antenna reflectors using a single one-piece reflector surface. The advantages are a continuous surface for the deployed reflector with no gaps or seams, an accurate curved surface profile, simple deployment, and compact stowage that bends but does not stretch the surface. Our scheme is ideal for low thermal expansion carbon-fiber composite construction to provide the requisite level of high pointing accuracy with low mass. |
| ITN ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC.
12401 W. 49th Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 420-1141
Robert R. Hanson AF 98-082 |
| Title: | MFS Using Thin-Film Lithium Battery as Honeycomb Core |
| Abstract: | In its on-going pursuit of lightweight, low-cost systems, the space industry has made significant investments in "high payoff" technologies such as composite structures and high energy-density batteries. These individual technologies are now "mature", and are "standard" for most new spacecraft designs. Additional investment in these areas would yield only a few percent improvement over current performance. Faced with these "diminishing returns", it is clear that future progress demands revolutionary new concepts for spacecraft subsystems.ITN Energy Systems believes that this challenge can best be met using Multifunctional Structures, and to this end proposes herein the "LiBaCore Panel". "LiBaCore" stands for Lithium Battery CORE, and consists of the following: 1. Thin-Film Solid-State Lithium Battery with High Energy Densy and Long Life 2. Thin-Film Battery Formed into "Honeycomb" ration, and Used as Structural Core in Composite Sandwich Panel. attery Terminals Connect to Flex-Circuit on MFS Composite Facesheets Our concept is for a lightweight, high energy-density power storage device which doubles as structural core in a composite sandwich panel. LaBaCore is particularly compatible with the Air Force's "Cableless Spacecraft" initiative, and represents an exciting and promising new approach to achieving significant reductions in mass and volume. |
| ESSENTIAL RESEARCH, INC.
23811 Chagrin Blvd., Ste 220 Cleveland, OH 44122 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(216) 433-5586
Navid S. Fatemi AF 98-083 |
| Title: | 40% Efficiency Concentrator Space Solar Cell |
| Abstract: | Currently, tandem solar cells are used for high-performance space power generation and achieve conversion efficiencies approaching 25%. Relative to single-cell technology, the higher production costs of tandem cells are more than offset by their higher efficiency, and consequential reduction in array size and weight. The traditional tandem cell design is far from optimal, however. The bandgaps for the top and bottom cells are chosen to avoid growing lattice-mismatched epitaxial layers, instead of for achieving ultimate conversion efficiencies. We have demonstrated a buffer-layer scheme that enables InGaAs mismatched layers to be grown on GaAs without electrical degradation. By so doing, we can for the first time, grow dislocation-free tandem cells with optimized bandgaps. We propose the development of an ultra-high efficiency triple-junction concentrator cell. The structure of this new tandem solar cell will be: InAlP top cell, InGaP middle cell, and InGaAs bottom cell. It will be a monolithic, two terminal device fabricated on an inexpensive and rugged Ge substrate. The AMO efficiency of this cell under 10-100X ratios is projected to be approximately 40%. Because the growth and fabrication procedures for this cell will be identical to the commercially available InGaP2/GaAs-on-Ge tandem cells, it will be a commercially viable product. |
| ITN ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC.
12401 W. 49th Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 420-1141
Peter V. Meyers AF 98-083 |
| Title: | Advanced Flexible Solar Array |
| Abstract: | Achieving a high specific power value for solar arrays is critical for military and commercial spacecraft, especially considering the trend toward small spacecraft with the same or increased power requirements. During the Air Force/Phillips Laboratory Lightweight Solar Array (LWSA) project, it was established that a 100 W/kg solar array can be achieved by integrating an 8-percent efficient single junction thin film Copper-Indium-Gallium-Diselinide (CIGS) photovoltaic cells into a lightweight picture frame type structure. ITN Energy Systems is proposing an ultra-lightweight concept for an advanced, flexible solar array system that can provide a specific power of 200 W/kg or greater. The key technologies which enable the proposed concepts are:1. The development of a high efficiency (>20 percent) multi-junction photovoltaic cell on a thin flexible substrate.2. A unique lightweight pantographic support structure.The increase in specific power of the PV module is achieved through development of multijunction PV cells employing CIGS, CIS and CdTe absorber layers. Through appropriate choice of absorber bandgaps, multijunction cells can achieve higher conversion efficiency than is possible with single junction devices. |
| INNOVATIVE DYNAMICS, INC.
2560 N. Triphammer Rd. Ithaca, NY 14850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(607) 257-0533
William G. Brooks AF 98-085 |
| Title: | Large Area Network for On-Line Health Monitoring |
| Abstract: | Innovative Dynamics, Inc. (IDI) proposes to develop the POWERLAN network-a digital communications network that runs over existing DC power lines. Many aircraft/spacecraft systems have bandwidth limitations on their communications buses such as ARINC 429, ARINC 629, and/or MIL-STD-1553. While emerging fiber-optic buses such as MIL-STD-1773 could meet this need, retrofitting such networks to existing vehicles will be expensive because of infrastructure changes required to accommodate high speed serial communications. Moreover, these high-speed networks are overkill for systems not directly involved in time-critical vehicles control. Suitable examples include sub-system health monitors, damage detection sensor, and payload status monitors. These systems could be more inexpensively controlled or monitored over a network running on the existing powerbus wiring. The POWERLAN network would allow any number of sub-systems network access, limited only by signal strength and addressing limitations imposed by the selected software link protocol. Phase I will develop a prototype network and demonstrate feasibility on simulated DC powerlines. This effort will lead to a full scale implementation and installation of the system on a suitable testbed vehicle for field testing during Phase II. |
| DANIEL H. WAGNER ASSOC.
40 Lloyd Ave. Ste. 200 Malvern, PA 19355 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 987-0600
Patrick A. Worfolk AF 98-086 |
| Title: | Message Routing Algorithms for Satellite Constellations |
| Abstract: | Hundreds of satellites will soon be orbiting the Earth forming new global communication networks. Messages will be routed through these networks via intersatellite links and an efficient routing is necessary for high data throughput and low latency. The topologies (connectivity) of these communication networks will change in time due to the motion of the satellites and due to failures in both the satellites and the links. These networks will require dynamic message routing algorithms that determine routing based on the network topology and the network load.The general routing problem is related to the "traveling salesman problem" and is NP-complete, meaning that it is computationally expensive to find the optimal solution. An effective routing algorithm would route packets in a near-optimal way with limited load and connectivity knowledge. This project if focused on the design, evaluation and simulation of such algorithms. |
| TANNER RESEARCH, INC.
2650 E. Foothill Blvd. Pasadena, CA 91107 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 792-3000
TBD AF 98-088 |
| Title: | Low Cost Rad-Hard CMOS Gate Arrays for Low Power Analog and Mixed Signal Applications |
| Abstract: | Many spaceborne electronic systems sensors are used to collect data on the environment or to determine whether an action is required. While computation is always performed with digital circuits, the sensor interface generally requires analog signal conditioning. Size, weight, and power consumption could be minimized (and performance could be increased) by integrating both the analog and digital circuitry on the same die, but it is prohibitively expensive to make such mixed-signal devices rad-hard, especially in small to medium quantities. Tanner Research is proposing to develop a manufacturing technology and system that can produce rad-hard analog and mixed-signal integrated circuits (ICs) that are affordable in any volume. Furthermore, our process will be fast, delivering fabricated devices within three weeks from physical design signoff. We have already developed and demonstrated all but two of the key components for this process. We are currently enhancing and refining one of these two remaining technologies, and we are herein proposing to develop and demonstrate the remaining technology in Phase I. |
| AIREX CORP.
Route 108 Dover, NH 03820 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 742-3703
David J. Carroll AF 98-089 |
| Title: | Long Life, Fault Tolerant, Spacecraft Sensor Gimbal/Bearing System |
| Abstract: | Current DoD sensor systems employ mechanical bearings in their gimbals to provide slow scan functionality. Mechanical bearings inherently possess a finite life and commonly suffer decreased reliability due to mechanical wear, excessive vibration and inadequate lubrication. The vacuum and temperature extremes of space provide significant technical challenges to these devices in life and pointing accuracy requirements due to stiction and non-repeatable runouts. Furthermore, they are completely unable to provide any vibration isolation to sensitive payloads.Recent advances in electromagnetic suspension and drive technology clearly lend themselves to application for significant improvement in gimbal mounting, promising greater gimbal life, lower weight and power, fault tolerance and vibration isolation. In particular, Airex Corporation, in a previous Phase I effort, has recently demonstrated the viability of two axis pointing using an electromagnetic suspension and integral motor bearing technology. Further, Airex has shown that integral motor-bearings, which use a single electromagnetic actuator to perform both the bearing and rotary pointing (motoring) functions, point the way to new gimbals that are highly reliable, low power, lubricant free, and long life. Such functional sophistication from a novel technology can expand performance in space-borne platforms from commercial or military spacecraft in communications, pointing or optical links. |
| INNOVATIVE DESIGN & TECHNOLOGY
3716 Chancellor Way West Lafayette, IN 47906 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(765) 494-5658
David A. Nickel AF 98-090 |
| Title: | Micro-Sensor for In-Situ Rolling Element Bearing Temperature and/or Pressure Measurement |
| Abstract: | The overall objectives of the proposed program are to develop non-invasive, wear resistant, light weight sensors and instrumentation for in-situ monitoring of temperature and vapor pressure for space and land based anti-friction rolling element bearings. This will be achieved by depositing thin films of appropriate materials on the raceways of rolling element bearings using RF-sputter coating and patterning the coatings into micro-sensors using photolithography. RF-sputter coating allows deposition of coatings at temperatures less than 180 degrees C. Maintaining low temperatures is essential in assuring that the hardened bearing steel is not tempered. Zirconium and nichrome will be used for development of micro-temperature and pressure sensors respectively. In Phase I micro-temperature and pressure sensors will be fabricated and evaluated in a bearing simulator rig allowing rolling and sliding conditions. Sliding increases surface heating and shear stress and tests the durability of micro-sensors. These micro-sensors can be used with minor modifications to monitor lubricated contacts in aerospace and automotive applications (e.g. gears, journal bearings, seals, etc.). A thermal balance formed using a thermocouple junction both as a sensor and heating block will be used to measure vapor pressure. The vapor pressure and quartz micro-balance sensors will be used to monitor lubricant losses. |
| PHD RESEARCH GROUP, INC.
PO Box 248433 Coral Gables, FL 33124 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(305) 665-7415
Dr. Sanjay K. Roy AF 98-091 |
| Title: | Heat Sink System for High Performance Electronics |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes a research and development project to develop a heat spreader/heat sink that can be used as a cold plate or "thermal core" for high power electronic systems. The performance of the device is expected to be significantly better than current state-of-the-art heat spreaders made of the diamonds or composites such as TC1050. At the same time, the cost of the proposed system is expected to be well below those of TC1050-based systems. During the Phase I studies, experimental studies will be done to fabricate and test the performance of a prototype device in order to verify the concept. In addition, work will be done to identify interface requirements, manufacturing, cost and related issues. Based on the results, designs will be developed for long-term applications. |
| SPACE COMPUTER CORP.
2800 Olympic Blvd, Ste 104 Santa Monica, CA 90404 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 829-7733
Nicholas J. Teneketges AF 98-091 |
| Title: | High Thermal Conductivity 3-D Multichip Module Stack Technology |
| Abstract: | We propose to introduce the use of recently-developed thermal pyrolytic graphite (TPG) material to dramatically reduce the thermal resistance of low-cost, three-dimensional multichip module (MCM) stacking technology. A planar thermal conductivity of greater than 1700 W/m-K makes TPG nearly as conductive as pure diamond, at a small fraction of the cost. By comparison, most common electronic materials used for heat distribution provide thermal conductivities between 100 and 300 W/m-K. When reinforced with an encapsulation for greater strength and stiffness, the composite is usable for structural elements within the 3-D stack. Temperature rise within the 3-D stack may be reduced by factors of 5 or more if certain elements of the 3-D stack structure are replaced with TPG-based components. This type of reduction in temperature will have an enormous benefit on electronic circuit reliability , as well as extend the application of 3-D stack technology to systems required to operate over wide temperature ranges. |
| ELO TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3205 Ocean Park Blvd. Santa Monic, CA 90405 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 452-6688
Mike Sickmiller AF 98-092 |
| Title: | Epitaxial Liftoff for Low Power Reduced Parasitics Multi-Chip Modules |
| Abstract: | The objective of this effort is to develop ultra-low power semiconductor packaging techniques for Multi-Chip Modules. Substrate parasitics contribute to excess power consumption of semiconductor devices. Through substrate removal techniques, capacitance can be lowered and operating power can be significantly reduced. By thinning the semiconductor chip to the thickness of the device only, with no substrate, we can both eliminate stray substrate parasitics and reduce interconnect parasitics therefore reducing total power consumption.As semiconductor device frequencies climb, so, proportionally, does substrate parasitic power consumption. Through ELO, parasitics to the semiconductor substrate are completely eliminated. As an added benefit, the devices can be mounted directly to the heat sink without the thermally insulting substrate impeding heat sinking. Through epitaxial liftoff for MCMs, we can reduce semiconductor power consumption, reduce package interconnect power consumption, and improve heat sink efficiency all at the same time. |
| ASHWIN-USHAS CORP., INC.
206 Ticonderoga Blvd. Freehold, NJ 07728 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 462-1270
Dr. P. Chandrasekhar AF 98-093 |
| Title: | Conducting Polymer Based Actively IR Modulating Electrochromics |
| Abstract: | In recent and ongoing work, this firm has developed, for a classified IR-counter-measures applications, large area, active electrochromic flat panel displays (FPDs), based on unique Conducting Polymer (CP) systems and a unique device design. These are very thin (less than 3 mm) and flexible, and exhibit high contrast in the mid/-far-IR (up to 93% Diffuse Reflectance range at 10 microns). Switching times of less than 1 sec, cyclabilities to 10**5 cycles, and charge capacities of 0.7 mC/cm**2 have been demonstrated, with seamless larger areas easily constructible. The present project will adapt and further develop this technology for active space-craft thermal control. Emissivity and absorptance characteristics will be measured and modeled, with special emphasis on adaptation to spacecraft thermal control requirements. |
| EIC LABORATORIES, INC.
111 Downey St. Norwood, MA 02062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 769-9450
Stuart F. Cogan AF 98-093 |
| Title: | Variable Emittance Coatings for Satellite Thermal Control |
| Abstract: | The development of thin-film electrochromic coatings for emittance control in the 5-25 um range is proposed. The coatings would be used on satellites and other space structures for modulating radiant heat transfer. They are intended to replace conventional mechanical louvers and provide a new capability to integrate thermal control functions onto a variety of external and internal spacecraft surfaces. The emittance switching is based on electrochromic reactions in thin-films of crystalline WO3 which undergo an infrared transmitting to reflecting modulation when electrochemically reduced to LixWO3. An all-thin-film electrochromic structure is proposed to provide a high degree of space environment stability. The objective of the Phase I program is to demonstrate the fabrication and performance of a thin-film variable emittance tile that would be used as a building block for integration into spacecraft hardware in a Phase Ii effort. The tiles developed in Phase I would have a total emittance modulation of >0.4 and an optically static solar absorptance of <0.18. |
| TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS, INC.
5495 Arapahoe Ave, Suite 204 Boulder, CO 80303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 443-2262
Scott Willen AF 98-094 |
| Title: | Cryocooler Interface System |
| Abstract: | For most cryogenically cooled systems, it is necessary to locate the cryocooler in close proximity to the cooled assemblies. This places highly demanding requirements on the cryocooler, its integration into the spacecraft, and subjects the cooled assembly to unwanted disturbances. Since the spacecraft radiator is usually remote from the cooled assemblies, a heavy conductive strap or heat pipe is required to transfer cryocooler heat dissipation, which added weight and decreases the cryocooler efficiency and reliability.Technology Applications, Inc. has defined a unique cryocooler interface system in which the cryocooler is located remote from the cooled elements. This Interface System greatly simplifies the cooling system integration and virtually eliminates all cryocooler disturbances. It also provides contract temperature cooling under variable loads, cooling large area and/or distributed elements, will accommodate cooling across a gimbal axis, is insensitive to gravity level, offers ease of redundancy, and interfaces with most types of cryocoolers.The Interface System requirements and their flowdown to the component level will be established. A preliminary design will be generated and optimized through system level parametric and detailed component analyses. The concept feasibility will then be demonstrated by testing of a brad-board model. |
| THERMACORE, INC.
780 Eden Road Lancaster, PA 17601 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(717) 969-6551
Nelson Gernert AF 98-094 |
| Title: | Affordable Composite Material Heat Pipes |
| Abstract: | The objective of the program is to demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating the development of affordable, lightweight heat pipes that are made entirely from composite material. Composite material heat pipe technology will help to maintain spacecraft thermal control and will be compatible with attaching to the composite structural panels.The Phase I program has five technical tasks oriented towards demonstrating the feasibility of fabricating polymer composite material into the proper axial groove heat pipe geometry. Task 1 involved establishing the heat pipe thermal and structural requirements. Tasks 2 and 3 are associated to fabricating the desired axial groove geometry in small test segments and measuring material properties such as thermal conductivity, tensile strength, modulus, weight and the coefficient of thermal expansion. Tasks 4 and 5 will demonstrate composite heat pipe fabrication and verify its pressure strength through proof and burst testing. |
| CSA ENGINEERING, INC.
2850 West Bayshore Rd. Palo Alto, CA 94303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 494-7351
Conor D. Johnson AF 98-095 |
| Title: | Vibration Isolation of Launch Vehicle Payloads |
| Abstract: | Launch dynamics are a major design driver in structural design of spacecraft and their components. Launch survival is often a more difficult design problem than is insuring operational performance in orbit. The development of a multi-functional spacecraft adapter for an EELV (Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle) which integrates the three functions of spacecraft attachment, whole-spacecraft vibration isolation, and spacecraft release is proposed. Simultaneous design and integration of the isolation system, release mechanism, and adapter will lead to an optimized system. Reducing the dynamic loads on the spacecraft by whole-spacecraft isolation will allow lighter weight systems, greatly reduce the risk that the spacecraft and its instruments will be damaged from vibration during their ascent into orbit, and will also allow more sensitive equipment to be included in missions. As the severe launch environment also accounts for much of the expense of designing, qualifying, and testing spacecraft components, significant cost can also be saved if loads are reduced. Phase I will develop the concepts and design the isolation system. Low-shock release mechanisms will be designed into the system. System-level coupled-loads analyses will be performed using complete launch vehicle and spacecraft models. As the EELV is currently being developed, now is the ideal time to introduce whole-spacecraft isolation for this launch vehicle. |
| OMNITEK RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, INC.
1121 Walt Whitman Rd. Melville, NY 11747 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(516) 351-0815
Ronald Rothchild AF 98-095 |
| Title: | Semi-Active Isolation of Launch Vehicle Payloads with Very Low Transmissibility |
| Abstract: | Payloads in a launch vehicle are mounted on standard payload attachment fittings which provide no vibration isolation, imposing severe requirements on payload design. There is a need for inexpensive and effective means to isolate the payload from vehicle vibration. Complications include conflicting requirements for compactness, high static strength, widely varying static load, secure tiedown, low dynamic spring rate and little or no interaction with launch vehicle control dynamics.OmniTek proposes to address this need with a passive/active hybrid (semi-active) system in which the mechanism of isolation is passive and parameters of the mechanical system are automatically adjusted for varying launch conditions. With the inclusion of a novel structural characteristic, the system can meet all the requirements without compromise.The objectives of Phase I are:1. Analyze and characterize the launch environment and equipment to develop design specifications, guides and priorities.2. Develop a number of alternative systems to the conceptual design stage for comparative evaluation.3. Compare and rate the design alternatives against specifications and select one concept for development to the prototype stage. |
| MISSION RESEARCH CORP.
735 State St. Santa Barbara, CA 93101 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 339-6500
Dr. Richard S. Smith III AF 98-097 |
| Title: | TWHA: Tunable, Wide-Bandwidth, High-Average-Power, RF Amplifier |
| Abstract: | MRC will develop a tunable, wide-bandwidth, high-average-power rf amplifier (TWHA) to meet DOD and industrial applications. Using a novel mechanical tuning approach, we will show feasibility of a tunable, UHF-amplitron design based on the fixed-frequency, S-band, super-power amplitron (QK1224) which MRC and Litton have shown can be scaled to lower frequencies. The amplitron's high efficiency allows a compact tube capable of delivering high-average-powers (~ 1 MW, comparable to the average power of a 1 -GW, 1 us, 1 -kHz rf source). A key program feature is the involvement of a major tube manufacturer (Litton) and an industrial partner (DuPont). Litton has sufficient interst in the commercial development of this technology to provide, at no cost, engineering manhours and facilities during Phase I. MRC will team with Litton in Phase II to build and demonstrate the operation of the TWHA. The DuPont collaboration assures the TWHA will meet their requirements for commercial applications. Discussions with industry have identified heat-treatment applications and plasma processing as commercial uses for the TWHA. DOD applications include: DEW, radar, and EW. The broad tuning range (~15%) and instantaneous bandwidth (~5%) allow radar to acquire more information with greater immunity to jamming EW a greater ability to jam. |
| SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS & RESEARCH
15262 Pipeline Ln. Huntington Beach, CA 92649 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 373-5509
Lee W. Olson AF 98-097 |
| Title: | METRRA Shielded Cable Connector Tester (SCCT) |
| Abstract: | Shielded cables are used as a primary hardness feature in nearly all EM hardened systems. In certain cases, such as High Intensity RF (HIRF) hardened commercial aircraft, shielded cables are the only hardening feature relied ypon. Therefore, if the cable shield is degraded, then the hardness of the entire system may be jeopardized. A number of test techniques and products have been developed and are available for the purpose of testing and evaluating the shielding effectiveness of shielded cables. However, none offer a practical and cost effective solution for rapid evaluation of a large number of shielded cables during system maintenance. The proposed project will demonstrate the feasibility of using non-linear effects in conjunction with wideband processing techniques to provide a non-invasive shielded cable transfer impedence measurement technique. |
| FERRITE COMPONENTS, INC.
24 Flagstone Dr. Hudson, NH 03051 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 881-5234
William J. Alton AF 98-098 |
| Title: | Vacuum High-Power Microwave Load |
| Abstract: | A high power load is proposed in TM01 circular waveguide, which utilizes a low Curie Temperature ferrite (garnet material). The specially designed garnet materials would absorb by means of magnetic loss and would be limited to a temperature rise of less than 50 degree C as the magnetic loss would substantially disappear with this temperature rise. Techniques exist for attachment lossy ferrite into waveguide suitable for high vacuum, and are described in: Ultra-High Vacuum RF Load, Final Report Phase I, STTR Grant No. DE-FG02-96ER86049, W. J. Alton and E. P. Chojnacki. Previous activity related to a spinel ferrite which has substantial porosity. Garnet type ferrite materials have a superior microstructure. For this program garnet materials will be manufacturing and subjected to a secondary processing of hot isostatic pressing to achieve 100% density. Surface coating will also be used to maximize electric field capability. To eliminate heating considerations and thereby only test the survivibility in the presence of very high rf electric fields a test section will be fabricated for testing by the sponsor which will consist of a similar garnet composition but one which has essentially no rf magnetic or dielectric loss. |
| MISSION RESEARCH CORP.
735 State St. Santa Barbara, CA 93102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 339-6500
Dr. John Pasour AF 98-098 |
| Title: | Vacuum High-Power Microwave Load |
| Abstract: | With the latest high-power microwave source developments, high-power microwave loads are needed that can operate in ultra-high vacuum environments at power levels in excess of 3 gigawatts and pulse durations of at least 1 microsecond. There are no commercially available microwave loads that can operate at the required power, energy and vacuum levels, and prototype or specially designed loads that have been developed for high power microwave sources have not yet been able to operate at these levels. MRC proposes to develop a highly absorptive, high-vacuum-compatable load for this application using innovative materials and geometry. A version of this load tailored to existing and planned Phillips Laboratory high-power microwave sources will be designed and developed, and applications of this new technology to a much broader range of microwave shielding problems will be addressed. Commercialization issues will be facilitated by MRC's collaboration with industrial partners that have unique materials processing capabilities and that have agreed to support this effort. |
| FARR RESEARCH, INC.
614 Paseo Del Mar NE Albuquerque, NM 87123 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 293-3886
Everett G. Farr AF 98-099 |
| Title: | High-Voltage, High Rep-Rate UWB Source with Ferroelectric Trigger |
| Abstract: | We propose a ferroelectric trigger for a UWB source with high voltages and operated at high rep rate. The trigger will be simpler and more reliable than existing designs, and will be implemented at lower cost. In addition, the trigger will allow operation at much higher rep rates than existing designs. Finally, the proposed switch will have a lower jitter than competing designs. During Phase I we will carry out an experimental program to demonstrate the feasibility of the trigger design. These experiments will carried out at lower voltages and gas pressures than the final design, but they will be sufficient to demonstrate the principle. We will also design a suitable antenna to radiate the field, and we will estimate the field radiated from the sombination source and antenna. The final product will be an integrated source and antenna with characteristics superior to those currently available. |
| PRO-TECH
47 Lafayette Circle #364 Lafayette, CA 94549 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 254-6651
Dr. David V. Giri AF 98-099 |
| Title: | High-Power Triggered Gas Switches |
| Abstract: | Examples of UWB sources that have used self-closing spark-gap type of gas switches are: 1)H-series systems at AFRL, 2)Sniper and EMBL at Sandia, and 3)Prototype IRA pulser built by Pro-Tech and PSI. There are several reasons for developing triggered versions of the basic high-voltage spark-gap. They include synchronization with an external event, timed-array antenna application for steering directed energy systms etc. We are proposing to design a short-pulse testbed facility in Phase I. The system will be fabricated and delivered in Phase II. This facility will be modular and flexible to permit studying different typer of electrical and laser triggers, gas mixes, electrode geometries etc. In Phase I, we will also design an appropriate dunny load and a candidate antenna array. Initially, a linear timed-array antenna will be considered and evaluated in Phase I. The dummy load and linear array will be fabricated in Phase II. |
| SRS TECHNOLOGIES
500 Discovery Dr. Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(205) 971-7836
Hill Roberts AF 98-100 |
| Title: | Demo of Lethality of a Hot Isomeric Transitions Warhead Concept & Related Commercial Applications |
| Abstract: | SRS Technologies proposes to define the isomer radiation requirements for biological lethality to implement a warhead concept for use in biological storage bunker sterilization and ballistic missile defense applications. We propose to develop a demonstration experiment to show that the radiation from a 178Hf isomer would be suitable to neutralize lethal biological materials. We also propose to show how isomer-produced gamma radiation could be useful to other defense and commercial applications in eight ares, including:1. high energy lasers2. communications 3. industrial gamma radiation sources 4. food preparation (sterilization) 5. medical irradiation 6. power & energy applications 7. environmental cleanup 8. defense applications |
| PULSE POWER PHYSICS, INC.
1039 Red Oaks Lp NE Albuquerque, NM 87122 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 856-1708
Charles A. Frost AF 98-102 |
| Title: | Solid State Switched Array Impulse Source |
| Abstract: | Powerful ultra-wideband impulse sources are currently developed for application to high resolution impulse radar, material penetrating radar, susceptibility testing, ECM, high power jammers, and covert communications. One approach to radiating the narrow impulses uses laser controlled photoconductive solid state switching (PCSS) to coherently drive arrays of multiple radiating antennas. Because the laser controlled switches can be triggered with low jitter, this modular approach allows efficient beam forming and steering.For some applications alternative low jitter triggered switches which are small, inexpensive, and have very long lifetimes are needed. For example, a compact array powered by miniature synchronized pulsers could be used for ground surveillance radar, as a covert communications link, and also as a convenient source for RCS measurements and antenna calibration. We will develop a solid-state switched array impulse source for these applications.The solid-state switched array impulse sources could also be used as lightweight impulse radar transmitters for airborne radar systems for detecting and identifying surface or sub-surface UXO and land mines and for military target discrimination at long range. The triggered solid-state switches could be used directly as Pockels cell drivers, laser drivers, and for laboratory pulse generators. |
| NANOMATERIALS RESEARCH CORP.
2849 East Elvira Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 294-7115
Dr. Clint Bickmore AF 98-103 |
| Title: | Electromagnetic Nanopowders for Rapid Neutralization of Airborne Chemicals |
| Abstract: | There is an acute need for improved and reliable technology for capturing and neutralizing airborne chemicals for both military and civilian applications given the increasing threat of chemical warfare by terrorists or accidental release of airborne chemicals. Of particular concern are scenarios where a large plume of chemical agent is already airborne. Nanomaterials Research Corp (NRC) will during Phase I, demonstrate the proof-of-concept of a technology that could potentially contain and neutralize airborne chemicals. Phase II will further develop, optimize and test the technology. Phase III will commercialize this technology. |
| SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS & RESEARCH
15262 Pipeline Ln. Huntington Beach, CA 92649 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 373-5509
Jay B. Cleckler AF 98-103 |
| Title: | Neutralization of Airborne Chemical by Sonic Beam Flocculation |
| Abstract: | The international proliferation of chemical weapons of mass destruction agents has become a very serious threat to national security.. A critical need exists to neutralize airborne chemical agents, in the event of their deliberate, collateral or accidental release. Sonic flocculation is a proven technique that rapidly and efficiently settles airborne droplets, dust and smoke. Intense high frequency sonic fields induce the rapid agglomeration of suspended particulates. The resulting heavier particles rapidly settle from the air to the ground. During Phase I, SARA will perform critical experiments to quantify the sonic frequency and intensity levels required to rapidly (under 30 sec) neutralize airborne fogs and dusts. Simulant materials will be chosen to provide particle sizes and densities comparable to actual specified chemical or biological warfare agents. To achieve sonic flocculation of large air volumes, high energy sources are required (>10's of Kilowatts). SARA's High energy acoustic beam weapon technology can significantly exceed these acoustic powers. Our Phase II experiments will be used to design the Phase II test device for critical outdoor (field demonstations). In addition to military application, sonic flocculation can be applied to anti-terrorist missions as well as control of accidental (industrial) releases of hazardous materials. |
| GEOPHEX, LTD.
605 Mercury St. Raleigh, NC 27603 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 839-8515
Dr. I. J. Won AF 98-104 |
| Title: | Broadband Electromagnetic Sensing for Weapons Detection |
| Abstract: | The interest in detecting hand-carried weapons has significantly increased due to the recent trend toward relaxation of concealed weapons laws. In 1995, the Justice Dept launched a 2.15 million dollar initiative to develop and field-test several concealed weapons detection technologies. The methods being studied include low-frequency electromagnetic detection, passive milimeter wave imaging, magnetic radiation, low level x-rays, radar and ultrasound, and low frequency magnetic imaging. We propose a new innovative low-frequency electromagnetic induction method that measures the characteristic canonical resonance spectra of a suite of known weapons and matches the measured spectrum from a hidden weapon with those stored in computer memory. We have accumulated evidence that the broadband resonance characteristics can detect and usiquely identify a weapon (eventually and hopefully by its maker and model name). We will utilize an existing in-house broadband, prototype EM sensor (called GEM-3) that is capable of measuring time - or frequency-domain data. Through our frequency-domain processing , we will address the relationship between the poles in the rational-polynomial approximation to the model frequencies. Through our time-domain processing, we will address the analgous problem of estimating the numbe of resonant modes excited. The unique feature that our prototype sensor allows is the simultaneous generation of frequency- and time-domain data. In the course of this proposed program, we will systematically study the relative merits of processing time- and frequency-domain data and the method of fusing the two response characteristics. |
| FARR RESEARCH, INC.
614 Paseo Del Mar NE Albuquerque, NM 87123 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 293-3886
Everett G. Farr AF 98-105 |
| Title: | Ultra-Wideband Radar System for Locating Plastic Mines |
| Abstract: | The problem of mine detection and location is particularly difficult when the mines are built from a plastic or dielectric material. Metal detectors are able to detect metal mines, but plastic mines blend in very well with the background soil and rocks. A promising approach for detecting plastic mines is the use of Ultra-Wideband (UWB) radar. In this project we will explore and develop methods to identify the location of a mine, and to discriminate it from its background. Ther are two methods one might use to identify and locate plastic mines. First, when excited by a UWB pulse, a mine will resonate at one or more of its characteristic frequencies. These radiated characteristic frequencies can be extracted from the scattered field using the matrix pencil technique. Second, one can use polarization diversity to discriminate between rocks and mines. It has been shown that regularly shaped objects such as mines can radiate no cross-polarized signal. In contrast, various natural objects such as rocksare asymmetrical, and will in fact radiate a cross-polarized signal. By employing one or both of these techniques one can hope to solve the most difficult problems in mine location.During Phase I we will design a UWB radar system that will capable of locating and identifying a plastic mine. We will set up a simple system using low voltage electronics and available equipment. We will extract poles using the matrix pencil technique and we will compare the extracted poles to existing theory. We will explore polarization diversity, by considering measuring both polarizations. |
| AVTEC SYSTEMS, INC.
10530 Rosehaven Street Fairfax, VA 22030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 273-2211
Thomas T. Griffith AF 98-106 |
| Title: | Space Communications Protocol Standards (SCPS) Integration into Satellite Operations Infrastructures |
| Abstract: | Three government agencies are working collectively to define and implement SCPS for the Federal Government. In addition, commercial industry is attempting to expand their product line support of Space Communications Protocol Standards (SCPS) and other Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) specifications to support current and existing customer requirements. The Air Force is currently identifying, isolating, and mitigating risks associated with the integration of, and migration to, SCPS within their space communications and management networks, such as the Air Force Space Control Network (AFSCN). Phase I activities will include investigating existing architectures and configurations, operational and security procedures, and newer technology-based commercial offerings to evaluate the impacts and benefits to the existing and future AFSCN infrastructure. Areas of investigation include experienced latencies, delay variations, acknowledgment strategies, bandwidth utilization factors, and error effects. Avtec will use its space communications ground system products as a foundation for the experiments and incorporate additional Government Furnished Equipment (GFE) and Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) products and advanced tools to emulate the AFSCN environment, including necessary DOD security mechanisms. The results of this investigation will identify candidate equipment architectures for the AFSCN environment which will be further investigated and tested under Phase II. |
| PRINCETON MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGY, INC.
3 Nami Lane Mercerville, NJ 08619 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 586-8140
Sarjit S. Bharj AF 98-107 |
| Title: | Affordable Array Antennas for Multiple Satellite Links |
| Abstract: | For tactical communication systems parabolic antennas can acquire a single satellite but requires complex mechanical structure and control systems. For multiple satellite links, separate antennas are necessary. This consumes valuable area on the ship, and requires more hardware and resources. With the availability of a mature monolithic microwave based Transmit/Receive modules it is now possible to look at alternative concepts. The availability of the T/R modules alone is not sufficient if a low cost shared aperture antenna is to be realized. Innovative front end partitioning and use of other technologies, such as multilayer printed circuit microwave technology or low temperature co-fired ceramics needs to be incorporated. For an antenna to acquire two simultaneous satellite links in the X-band, C-band, and KU-band requires an innovative concept that will compete with the single parabolic concept. It is important to realize that the signal to noise ratio at the input of the antenna, based on a constant power radiated from a distant satellite, is determined by the aperature of the antenna. Any elements introduced behind the antenna aperature, such as filters or amplifiers with a known loss or noise figure, will degrade the subsequent signal to noise ratio. Active phase array radars require solid state T/R modules with high output poster, low noise figure, high third order intercept, and sufficient gain. The T/R module cost is typically 40% of the antenna cost and, therefore, it is important to realize that an innovative concept with an architecture that requires a milumum number of the active components. The Multibeam Array approach proposed under this Phase I SBIR can be utilized for either the narrow or wideband arrays. The capability for changing the array excitation, amplitude, and phase distribution across a particular aperture requires a control circuit, a Sideband power splitter or feed network, and a wideband antenna element. The specific technical objectives of the Phase I SBIR proposed herein examines the critical issues that will make a Multibeam aperature phase array antenna a practical technology. The requirement to operate several systems simultaneously from a conunon aperature can be achieved by using a control circuit at each element. The control circuit consists of an arrangement of a multiplexer, an attenuator, and a phase shifter. The multiplexer is used to partition the aperature into several simultaneously operating antennas. The attenuato |
| SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CORP.
2300 Windy Ridge Parkway Atlanta, GA 30339 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 859-9161
Jim Durkin AF 98-108 |
| Title: | Military Space Ground Link Interface Unit |
| Abstract: | As satellite usage increases, several efforts have been initiated to develop new payload delivery protocols, though existing payload protocols must also continue to be supported. Similarly, the migration of end users to new WAN protocols has resulted in requirements to seamlessly support both existing and new formats. A modular Space Ground Link Interface Unit is needed to provide translation between the various satellite payloads and end user protocols. SRC proposes an innovative, comprehensive, and efficient solution to achieve the goals of the Space Ground Link Interface Unit. By developing a Common Payload Format, SRC will reduce the required number of unique interfaces resulting in simplified development, improved scalability, and reduces cost. Routing and switching between two different protocols is not a straightforward task, however SRC specifies solutions to maintain routing tables and address mapping for various operational requirements. Most importantly, SRC has previously developed a modular architecture, designed expressly to bridge network protocols to wireless channels, that will readily support the Space Ground Link Interface Unit requirements. Using existing IP and ATM modules, SRC will demonstrate the "plug and use" configuration to develop a proof of concept prototype to be used as the basis for continuing development. |
| NAVSYS CORP.
14960 Woodcarver Road Colorado Springs, CO 80921 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 481-4877
Dr. Alison K. Brown AF 98-109 |
| Title: | Jammer and Spoofer Detection, Direction Finding, and Location Technology |
| Abstract: | A GPS Integrated Rammer and Spoofer Location (GIJLoc) determination system is proposed Conventional jammer locating equipment consists of dedicated electronic intelligence gathering platforms, which are practical against a relatively small number of high power, high value jammers, but are not practical against the expected GPS jamming three GPS jamming is likely to be ubiquitous, covering the battlefield with a large number o relatively low power jammers. More data is required to locate a large number of jammez than can be collected by a small number of dedicated platforms. Additional dedicated platforms are not practical. Future anti-jam GPS receivers will contain the equipment and information needed to act as data gathering platforms for locating Hammers and spoofers. Because such receivers will already be in the field, they are an ideal source for collecting the necessary data. A system architecture will be developed that collects data from future anti-jam GPS receivers and communicates that data to a central location where the location of jammers and spoofers are determined. |
| MITECH, INC.
8484 Georgia Avenue Silver Spring, MD 20910 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 563-3000
Klaus Schug AF 98-111 |
| Title: | An Interoperable, Resource Efficient, High Throughput Satellite Data Link Protocol |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to design an interoperable, resource efficient, high throughput satellite data link protocol, SCPS-DL, that interoperates with military and commercial standard (TCP/IP) networking and link layer protocols. Analyses and simulation will also be performed to compare satellite resource use when the newly defined data link control protocol is used with the SCPS upper layer protocols versus the use of standard data link and networking protocols. Because one of the primary design goals of a data link control protocol for satellite systems is interoperability with existing protocols and standards, an SCPS-DL protocol is the most interoperable and standards based design starting point. The use of the CCSDS specifications provide a large step towards a low cost, low risk, and short implementation schedule for the satellite data link control protocol. The resulting design specification will be proposed to the CCSDS, ISO, and IEEE standardization committees as a satellite and space link data link layer protocol. |
| ALPHA OMEGA ELECTROMAGNETICS
24 CADCADE ROAD ARNOLD, MD 21012 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 626-7052
ROBERT G SCHMIER AF 98-112 |
| Title: | LOW INTERFERENCE CROSS POLARIZATION PHASED ARRAY RADIATING ELEMENTS |
| Abstract: | Phased arrays are becoming increasingly desired in communication applications because of their high performance capability and relative ease of installation into mobile platforms. However, present-day phased arrays cannot maintain pure polarization characteristics over a large scan column. This polarization degradation with scan leads to cross-polarization interference in operating in an array environment. Alpha Omega Electromagnetics (AOE) will conduct a systematic and rigorous EM-simulation based investigation of array effects (including the use of WAIMs) on the polarization of radiating elements. This information will then be applied to the design of AOE's proposed dual-polarized high-cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) radiating element candidates. AOE wil employ proprietary finite element and moment method electromagnetic simulation software to accurately predict the element's scanning and polarization performance. This state-of-the-art software has been extensively validated and has led to numerous advanced technology radar aperture designs over the past decade. In Phase I, AOE will evaluate the viability of it's proposed radiating element configurations as solutions to the hgh XPD wide-scanning radiating element problem. From this investigation, AOE will produce a fundamental and credible design which will be demonstrated by hardware in Phase II of the effort. |
| RANDLE, INC.
P. O. Box 1010 Great Falls, VA 22066 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 759-5257
Ted W. Frison AF 98-114 |
| Title: | NLM Secure Satellite Communications |
| Abstract: | We have, and will demonstrate, an operational radio frequency digital nonlinear communications transceiver that uses a chaotic signal generator for signal encoding. This system solves the problem of synchronizing remote chaotic oscillators in noisy environments while utilizing the entire bandwidth for information transmission. The encoding scheme has been shown to be an NP complete solution to information encryption, which means that an exhaustive search is the only technical means for breaking the encoding. The waveform has a Gaussian distribution, which makes hostile interception difficult. The hardware is inexpensive and can easily be integrated into existing digital communications architectures. The Phase I project will define an optimum multistable chaotic transceiver system encoder/decoder suitable for satellite communications, build an engineering prototype, and test it for noise and channel distortion robustness. Thus, we have already met most of the major requirements of the solicitation for Phase I as well as some of the Phase II objectives. |
| GMA INDUSTRIES, INC.
2530 Riva Road Annapolis, MD 21401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 571-0300
R. Glenn Wright AF 98-115 |
| Title: | Lossless Parallel Adaptive Compression for Satellite Networks |
| Abstract: | Traffic on today's communications networks of interconnected Local and Wide Area Networks is limited mainly by the bandwidth of the communication channel. Increasing bandwidth to accommodate the high data rate of multi-tactic transmissions is necessary. One way to balance the situation is to harness available local processing power to compress data before it is transmitted. We propose an alternative system in which the compression process is offloaded to a dedicated processor to allow real time compression while minimizing the impact on local system performance. Digital signal processing techniques are used to implement real time adaptive compression algorithms to reduce the volume of data to be transmitted. Multiple algorithms for entropy encoding are run in parallel to produce results from which the best compression of a stream of data may be selected. The networking of computers via satellite systems introduces a particular subset of problems that must be considered for real time compression of transmitted data. To produce a robust lossless compression system, the interaction of various elements of the communication system such that transmission protocols, protocol headers, data encryption, and timing delays, are investigated. |
| STAR COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
2213 Abbotsford Drive Vienna, VA 22181 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 255-2388
Mike Smisko AF 98-116 |
| Title: | Security and Robustness Enhancement Techniques for Commercial SATCOM |
| Abstract: | Techniques to enhance the security and survivability of commercial Mobile Satellite Services (MSS) systems are needed, which are technically innovative in one or more of three areas. First, signal processing techniques to reduce LPI/LPD and increase resistance to jamming and geolocation are needed which are effective while still maintaining compatibility and interoperability of the mobile user terminal with the MSS satellite, gateway, and other operational elements. Second, satellite network signaling, control, and key management techniques are needed that will reduce vulnerability to traffic analysis, and support introduction of existing, highly capable cryptographic algorithms while maintaining interoperability with existing and emerging commercial MSS. Third, terminal design enhancements in antenna, A/J, and other areas are needed capable of reducing the circular equivalent vulnerability radius of small mobile terminals, while again maintaining MSS interoperability. Together, these design innovations will enable offloading oversubscribed military satellite capacity by allowing military use of commercial MSS assets, which are undergoing a period of rapid expansion. The goal of this research is to determine how low vulnerability of existing and emerging commercial MSS can be driven, and to validate the achievability of vulnerability reduction sufficient to allow widespread, effective use of commercial MSS by the U.S. military. |
| LINCOM CORP.
300 West Main Street Northboro, MA 01532 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 393-6959
Ronald Lapinski AF 98-117 |
| Title: | Simulation Toolkits for Switching Satellite Communications Systems |
| Abstract: | The objective of this Phase I effort is to define a core model of a packet/circuit switched satellite system, based on a commercial modeling and simulation tool, which can be leveraged in future simulation efforts. The functions to be simulated in the future and the metrics to be obtained in these simulations will be determined and prioritized so that the core model contains the appropriate detail and is easily adaptable to a variety of future applications. In addition to defining the core model, key portions of the model will be implemented and demonstrated to prove the feasibility of this concept. Finally, a users manual will be developed to provide an understanding of the core model and guidance on how to adapt the model to support a variety of simulations. The Phase II effort will build on Phase I by completing the implementation of the core model. This model will be exercised to verify and validate the model. Finally, this model will be demonstrated and delivered with documentation to provide guidance on using the core model as the basis for future models and simulations. |
| SYNECTICS CORP.
111 East Chestnut Street Rome, NY 13440 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 337-3510
Joseph Riolo AF 98-118 |
| Title: | Object-Oriented Satellite Communications Management |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposed program is to design an object-oriented architecture for satellite communications management using world wide web (WWW) technology. The design will be an object oriented three-tier data base architecture based on the Java language. The architecture will consist of four parts: The monitoring subsystem, the coordination subsystem, the simulation subsystem, and the user interface subsystem. They will interact with each other as well as with the Automated Communications Management System (ACMS). The developed system will utilize the ACMS data base as its primary source of information. Two prototypes will emerge from Phase I, the coordination management system and the simulati tool. Each prototype will benefit military as well as future commercial satellite communica management systems. |
| Q-DOT
1069 ELDTON DRIVE COLORADO SPRINGS, CO 80907 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 590-1112
MARC A MORIN AF 98-119 |
| Title: | RF DELTA-SIGMA DIGITAL BEAMFORMER |
| Abstract: | Q-DOT proposes to develop an innovative digital beamformer suitable for satellite payloads for the Air Force. Based on bandpass delta-sigma data conversion technology, wideband radio frequency (RF) signals are sampled at a high intermediate frequency (IF) within a transmit/receive (T/R) module. Digital beamforming is performed directly on the one-bit delta-sigma data output from the T/R module thus saving significant size and power over competing digital beamformer architectures. Multi-beam applications are also supported. The high-speed requirements of the delta-sigma modulator and large scale integration of the digital signal processing will be met with custom integrated circuit (IC) design on an advanced SiGe HBT/CMOS process. Q-DOT is on the cutting edge of high-speed delta-sigma modulator IC development for digital beamformers in radar, communications, ultrasound, and sonar applications.During Phase I system specifications will be determined for the satellite digital beamformer. Preliminary topologies for the T/R module and beamformer will be investigated. A testbed architecture will also be developed. During Phase II, a prototype digital beamformer and/or test-bed will be built targeting specific governement and commercial applications. Substantial interest expressed in the proposed RF delta=sigma beamformer by government and commercial customers promises rapid deployment of Phase III products. |
| RADIX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
329 N BERNARDO AVENUE MOUNTAIN VIEW, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 988-4700
BRADLEY J BAZUIN PHD AF 98-119 |
| Title: | FLEXIBLE ALL-DIGITAL MULTI-BEAM TRANSPONDER FOR SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR proposal defines and architects an all-digital, multi-beam transponder for satellite communications, the ADMBT. The transponder architecture consists of flexible, digital processing components to perform all required signal processing operations.The ADMBT architecture receives satellite channels using a multiple antenna array and downconverts the channels to intermediate frequencies for high-rate, wide bandwidth digitization. The digitized data is channelized to a comon bandwidth and then partial bandwidth synthesized to the bandwidths needed for each of the signals-of-interest across multiple antennas. The SOI antenna vectors are then independently processed using either fixed or adaptive beamforming algorithms to produce the desired baseband SOIs. Post-beamforming, an on-board baseband processor is available to retune, reformat, or restructure the incoming SOIs for retransmission. The output SOIs are spatially beamformed for transmission using a-priori, conjugate, or otimal retro-directive beamforming weights. The multi-antenna spatial SOI data is then partial bandwidth channelized, combined with other overlapping and non-overlapping SOI cells, and synthesized into appropriate digital IF channels. To complete the process, the wide bandwidth digital IF channels are converted to analog, upconverted to the transmission frequency, and amplified for transmission. |
| ORINCON CORP.
9363 Towne Centre Drive San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 455-5530
Mr. Claudio S. Marino AF 98-120 |
| Title: | Multi-Algorithm Satellite Reconfigurable Architecture in Order to Counter Intelligent Jamming |
| Abstract: | The recent explosion in satellite communications has propelled a concurrent effort in flexible satellite communications systems architectural design. Satellite constraints and other pressures have led developers to seek new architectures for more robust application-specific adaptive signal processing that can be housed in more compact form factors, has lower power and weight requirements, has more processing capacity, and is cost-effective and flexible. Here, ORINCON proposes a novel approach that consists of a number of interconnected processors operating in pipelined and parallel modes to support several types of adaptive nulling algorithms. The design will comprise a mixed architecture with Field Programmable Gate Arrays and Field Programmable Interface Connections for programmable interconnects for programmable logic, ASIC's; such as DSP chips for the floating point operations, and CORDIC processors for coordinate rotations to triangularize matrices. Innovative hardware platforms, such as the novel architecture mentioned above, blur the traditional boundaries that exist between hardware and software bringing out the best features of both environments. Configware systems that allow for field reprogrammability as in the proposed satellite architecture are fundamentally defined by their ability to adapt or completely reconfigure themselves, making them suitable for a host of traditional adaptive nulling algorithms. |
| LINCOM CORP.
727 23rd Street South Arlington, VA 22202 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 979-5360
Louis J. Sparace AF 98-121 |
| Title: | EHF/SHF/Ka Communications Link Attenuation and Availability Model |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes how LinCom will develop a windows based computer program to estimate earth-space rain attenuation and link availability at the EHF, Ka, and SHF frequency bands. This SBIR will improve the present rain models by developing a weather database to be used for estimating rain statistics and effective slant range for any given site on the earth. Given this data, rain attenuation and link availability for a given link margin can be predicted more accurately. In Phase I, LinCom will implement a number of the existing rain models including the NASA LeRC-SLAM model for selected locations. Results will be verified using published ACTS measurements and other published reference material as required for verification. During this phase, global weather data collection will begin as a prerequisite for Phase II where a global weather database will be developed. A system requirements review will also be performed to preview the Satcom tool. For Phase II, LinCom will develop a window based software package leveraging off existing Satcom tools LinCom has developed for the EHF community. The software will allow the operator to examine a specific earth-space link or simply allow the user to point beams and generate beam link availability contours. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
2 RESEARCH PLACE SUITE 202 ROCKVILLE, MA 20850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 590-3155
JIANHONG CAI AF 98-122 |
| Title: | AN OPTOELECTRONIC THYRISTOR BASED ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER |
| Abstract: | A unique thyristor laser implements a high performance Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) in a monolithic FET GaAs integrated circuit. In the curent high speed FLASH ADC, the comparator circuit performs in the sampling on the input analog signal by comparing it to a voltage reference tree and the outputs are converted to binary form via a decimal to binary (DTB) algorithm stored in a ROM. To achieve substantial increases in ADC accuracy, speed and circuit density, we propose a comparator based on an optoelectronic thyristor which is electrically switched and provides laser ouput as a VCSEL in the on state. We introduce an elegant new architecture to implement the ADC function which merges the roles of the quantization, the DTB conversion and the O/E conversion within a simple integrated circuit. One thyristor and one Differential amplifier are required per binary digit. This new approach reduces the number of devices required for a 12 bit ADC from 100,000 to 70 and reduces the ADC delay from 50ns to 0.5ns. The power is correspondingly reduced and the output is a digital optical signal in serial or parallel format. The voltage resolution is in the 5mV range limited only by the dark current noise in the switch. This approach provides a quantum leap in an N bit ADC speed because the output is obtained optically in the time that it takes the analog signal to ripple through N stages at 40ps/stage. This technique promises to revolutionize the art of ADC and to provide the basis for very high speed image transfer for the future all digital network. In addition to this novel conversion we also provide the integrated technology to realize the VCSEL thyristor, the FET amplifier and CCD sensor simultaneously. |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS
55 Wheeler Street Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Subrata K. Das AF 98-124 |
| Title: | ILIA: Intelligent and Learning Interface Agent |
| Abstract: | We propose to deploy our commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technology Learn Sesame to develop a generic Intelligent and Learning Interface Agent (ILIA) to empower application developers to design interfaces that adapt themselves to the habits and preferences of users through learning. The agent interprets sequences of events that are generated from user interactions and then produces facts that represent relationships between the user behavior patterns with associated uncertainty into a cognitive model of the user. The learned facts are then used to provide assistance in customizing interfaces to fit the user needs through non-intrusive tutoring. The proposed agent will operate as a common support application, part of the Defense Information Infrastructure (DII) Common Operating Environment (COE), and therefore be embeddable within various complex applications such as combat support, tactical, and strategic mission. Our proposed agent architecture will be fully compliant with DII COE requirements in the areas of runtime environment, style guide, architectural compatibility, and software quality. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
1660 S. Amphlett Blvd. San Mateo, CA 94402 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 655-7242
Terrance Goan AF 98-124 |
| Title: | A General Framework for Incorporating Intelligent Agents into User Interfaces |
| Abstract: | We propose an innovative combination of modern artificial intelligence (AI) and human-computer interaction (HCI) techniques in the design of an adaptive interface agent architecture. By drawing on our experience developing software agents, machine learning, and plan recognition techniques we have devised an eclectic approach to the incorporation of intelligence in a wide variety of user interfaces. Specifically, the proposed generalized intelligent interface framework (GIIF) will offer significant improvements in operational effectiveness by working collaboratively with the user to streamline tasks, automate repetitive procedures, and otherwise adapt the user interface to reduce complexity and increase user effectiveness. In this endeavor, we will take advantage of a natural synergy between "programming by demonstration," decision process modeling, and new plan recognition techniques in order to develop a set of generic tools that can be used to integrate intelligent interface agents into present and future Common Operating Environment (COE) applications. The GIIF will also provide the capability to assist less-experienced users of the applications by offering in-situ advice. We will prove the feasibility of our approach by developing and demonstrating a proof-of-concept prototype in Phase I. |
| CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP.
27 Airport Boulevard Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 668-2567
Charles J. Jacobus, PhD AF 98-125 |
| Title: | Data Object-Oriented Middleware from Object Descriptions |
| Abstract: | This proposal suggests that a basic data collection, management, and fusion framework is ideally suited for integrating distributed data from multiple heterogeneous source systems and making it available on a multi-point basis to other combat systems for analysis, viewing, and C**4I applications. The basic framework proposed was built (and is currently under ongoing development) to support object-oriented, temporally consistent multi-point data collection, archival, and query. This environment is structured into three major C++ software components: (1) the Data Interchange Library, (2) the Data Collection Environment, and the (3) Data Viewing, Analysis, and Management Environment. This environment is supported on Win 32 platforms (i.e. Windows 95 and NT), Posix Platforms (i.e. Unix derivatives), and embedded system (DSPs, MS-DOS machines, and other microcontrollers). Our goal in this project is provide an interface from IDEF object definitions and the object oriented data collection, management, and fusion framework. |
| DYNAMICS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
21311 Hawthorne Boulevard Torrance, CA 90503 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 543-5433
Dr. C. Michael Dube AF 98-126 |
| Title: | ISR Modeling and Simulation Interfaces to Support C4I Decision Aids and Force Analysis |
| Abstract: | Dynamics Technology Inc. (DTI) and Simulation Support Inc. (SimSupport) will develop improved C41 modeling and simulation (M&S) interfaces to support rapid command evaluation/alternatives, force structure analysis and training. Specific emphasis will be on interfacing advanced intel/surveillance/reconnaissance (ISR) performance prediction models with relevant legacy models that form the core of current Air Force C41 M&S (e.g. THUNDER, EADSIM, SPAM, OPUS, CFAM). This work supports efforts at ESC/DIS MSTPAD, AFSAA and other offices to integrate the effects of advanced C41 components into high fidelity models, linked to military effectiveness simulations. The approach builds on an Air Force sponsored, DTI-developed suite of ISR system performance models that convert technology specifications into the measures of performance (probability of detection and false alarm) required by mission/campaign level simulations and force allocation programs. These models extend the limited ISR performance database and enable the user to evaluate novel technology options, nonstandard system configurations and new operating modes. In Phase 1, we will: (1 ) refine the functional configuration and features outlined in the proposal, (2) develop software requirements for stand-alone and HLA links to legacy codes, (3) develop a representative prototype interface to illustrate the concept and demonstrate feasibility, and (4) develop Phase 11 implementation requirements. |
| MAK TECHNOLOGIES
185 Alewife Brook Parkway Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 876-8085
Darrin Taylor AF 98-126 |
| Title: | A Suite of HLA Multi-Federation Tools |
| Abstract: | HLA provides the opportunity to maximize the reuse, interoperability, and utility of modeling and simulation components. However, it is up to simulation developers and tool manufacturers to create components that take advantage of these powerful HLA features. MaK, the leading supplier of HLA tools, proposes to address this need with a suite of flexible tools that can be used by the Air Force in different simulation domains and in multi-level exercises. MaK proposes the development of a set of HLA multi-federation tools that support multiple simulation domains, as well as multiple levels of simulation. The tool suite will be built on a flexible VR-Link-based interface that provides network functionality, access to the RTI's services, and federation-specific utilities. By leveraging existing COTS tools, applying their knowledge of HLA, and capitalizing on the commonality among the tools, MaK can provide a low-cost, low-risk solution that meets the functional and technical requirements. MaK's flexible HLA interface will support multiple FOMs and provide access to federate-specific functionality. MaK will work closely with both the MASC and the CUBE to ensure that the resulting interface meets federation-specific requirements, specifically those dealing with C2. As a test case, the resulting design will be used to re-architect MaK's current HLA Stealth into an HLA multi-federation Stealth. MaK is the ideal candidate to provide the Air Force with the next generation HLA tool suite because of their extensive knowledge of HLA, their ability to leverage existing commercial HLA Tools, and their direct experience developing multi-level simulation tools, such as a Stealth that can be used for both entity-level and aggregate-level visualization. |
| SPECTRA RESEARCH, INC.
3085 Woodman Drive Dayton, OH 45420 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 299-5999
Mary Lou Fricke AF 98-126 |
| Title: | Collaborative Legacy Re-Engineering through Componentization of Tools and Resources (COLECTR) |
| Abstract: | The consolidation of Air Force Laboratories into the single Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) integrates organizations in New York with organizations in Ohio. This consolidation, coupled with declining defense budgets and personnel, increases the urgency of implementing the AFRL Collaborative Engineering Environment to support collaboration on C4I research. In order for the CEE to support mission requirements, the CEE must be integrated with existing research models and simulations (M&S) and analysis tools. S*R proposes to develop the COLECTR tool set to automate much of the task to integrate legacy applications with the CEE Core Processing System (CPS). Integration with the CEE will be supported by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corporation (Ball); as Ball is developing the CEE infrastructure. COLECTR will incorporate a set of software re-engineering tools in a CEE compliant agent called the Legacy Introspection Agent (LIA). LIA will seamless integrate with the CPS to support integrating legacy applications. In Phase I, S*R will integrate a prototype of COLECTR and integrate it as an external CEE application to demonstrate the system functional capabilities. The LIA will then be designed and implementation of Java tools to support Phase II implementation will continue during the last six months of Phase I. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
50 Mall Road Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 524-6263
Dr.Christopher Donohue AF 98-127 |
| Title: | ISR Strategy Optimizer |
| Abstract: | This research effort will develop technology for optimizing strategy selection for a set of airborne intelligence collection platforms. This problem is important because of the need to maintain precise situational awareness of the battlespace given limited assets of different types/capabilities. Developing, analyzing, and comparing multiple strategies is difficult because of the large number of strategy dependent variables and the overwhelming complexity of the collection planning problem. To optimize strategy selection, we cast the collection planning problem as a grid-based network program and extend that formulation to include strategic variables (e.g., bed down locations, number/type of assets) and additional restrictions (e.g., threat zones). Solving this network program will provide important strategic direction concerning the optimal mix of assets, optimal bed down locations, and sensitivity to problem parameters such as threat zones; as well as provide a rapid estimate of the expected collection performance. Phase I will demonstrate a methodology for optimizing strategy selection based upon large-scale combinatorial optimization. We will implement a capability to view multiple strategies including tradeoffs of strategic variables with a graphical display of the results. Phase II will implement a more comprehensive solution methodology and develop a plan for insertion into theater-level collection management systems. |
| ANDRO CONSULTING SERVICES
P. O. Box 543 Rome, NY 13440 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 337-4396
A. L. Drozd AF 98-127 |
| Title: | Innovatiive C4I Technologies - ANDRO's Collaborative Engineering Environment System (CEESys) - An IPT Tool |
| Abstract: Abstract not available... | |
| ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
P. O. Box 24344 Minneapolis, MN 55424 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(612) 935-2035
Dr. John R. Budenski AF 98-127 |
| Title: | Agent-Based Planning Execution and Monitoring |
| Abstract: | Superior information over one's adversary allows control of the battlespace, and ultimately provides opportunities to tales advantage of me adversary's vulnerability. C4I planning is critical to shape and control the pace and phasing of battlespace engagements, and requires direct access to battlespace information in order to utilize it effectively. Effective C4I planning requires the ability to seek out relevant information sources; connect them into the plan where their information flow contributes; monitor the information flow to determine changes to the battlespace; and reacting to those changes. In Phase I, an Agent-Based Planning, Execution, and Monitoring Architecture will be designed that provides dynamic, distributed, and interleaved planning and execution across C4I systems. Our goal is not to recreate planning technology, but to extend it with plan execution and monitoring techniques. In our approach informational-need is used to plan out high level goals, and then configure feedback-control, data-flow networks from information sources to those goals. During execution, data-flows are monitored and the plan network is reconfigured as the battlespace changes or as goals are achieved/failed. Thus, the data-flow provides feedback control to react to small permutations in the battlespace, and the data-flow monitoring provides reaction and replanning-triggers to large permutations. |
| DANIEL H. WAGNER ASSOC.
40 Lloyd Avenue Malvern, PA 19355 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 727-7700
Dr. C. Allen Butler AF 98-127 |
| Title: | Innovative C4I Technologies |
| Abstract: | This research will focus on improving the situational awareness of AWACS operators to enhance mission performance through the introduction of "Level-2" data fusion capabilities. Level 2 fusion refers to information processing techniques that relate contact data to tactical situations described at a higher level. The basic approaches are to model competing hypotheses of track behavior at the level of tactical intent, and then to create motion and location track trajectories that correspond to those hypotheses. The algorithms then compare detections and non-detections to these models and recompute the relative likelihoods of the various trajectories. These trajectory likelihoods can then be used to reassess the likelihoods of the tactical intentions. Phase I will investigate the requirements by direct contact with AWACS operators and design a set of demonstrations for Phase II prototype installation at the Boeing AWACS Simulator Facility. |
| DERIVATION SYSTEMS, INC.
5963 La Place Court Carlsbad, CA 92008 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 431-1400
Dr. Bhaskar Bose AF 98-127 |
| Title: | Secure JAVA Reconfigurable Computing Platform |
| Abstract: | Derivation Systems, Inc. proposes to architect a secure JAVA based low-cost, high-performance, high assurance, scalable reconfigurable computing platforrn. Advanced research in this methodology is fundamental to the development of secure configurable hardware systems with executable content over the Internet, advancements to design methodology, and has broad impact on Global Information Exchange, telecommunications, banking transportation control, and military capability while having immediate use in the commercial market. The proposed platform would consist of a JAVA microprocessor and scalable array of reconfigurable computing elements in a co-processor architecture. The operational concept is to execute encrypted JAVA byte-code and encrypt traffic to and from memory. In addition, the secure reconfigurable array would require the configuration bitstream be encrypted and will be decrypted by the chip internally. In either case, there is never an un-encrypted version of the program outside the processor. All architectural elements, including the JAVA microprocessor, encryption algorithms, and memory management unit will be in hardware providing additional level of secunty against intrusion. The main goal of the hardware platform will be to provide a universal, secure computing module that interfaces directly to the Internet and provides high-perforrnance in a low-cost, scalable package. |
| LSA, INC.
1215 Jefferson Davis Highway Arlington, V 22202 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 363-5808
Dr. Kevin M. Flood AF 98-127 |
| Title: | Innnovative C4I Technologies: Wideband Communication Link for UAVs |
| Abstract: | Communication is a critical element of any C4I mission, and one of the leading technical challenges for modern C4I systems is devising the means to communicate information from state-of-the-art intelligence sources in a timely and secure way. In this proposal, we address an important challenge of this type - namely, a wideband, secure data link for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Recent advances in UAV technology opens up a new arsenal of intelligence-gathering tools for the modern warfighter. However, these tools can only achieve their full effectiveness through proper dissemination of their intelligence information. Our approach is directed toward creating communication links between UAVs and air-based or space-based relay nodes. The design takes advantage or existing component technology and supports the existing communication infrastructure while providing significantly higher throughput capacity. |
| ORINCON CORP.
9363 Towne Centre Drive San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 455-5530
Dr. William Wright AF 98-127 |
| Title: | Securing Agent-Based Security Systems |
| Abstract: | This effort advances agent reliability by addressing the problem of information security (confidentiality, integrity, and availability) in multi-agent systems. ORINCON proposes to demonstrate new technologies that are widely applicable and independent of particular agent control strategies. Our solution is to build cryptographic security shells around the agents and their communication channels, and to control access to resources where most conflicts occur. We will design an integrated environment in which security and conflict management features can be synthesized and distributed efficiently, with capability for creation of robust agent software specifically designed to protect networked agent-based systems. Protection will be achieved through an integrated approach: (1) multiple layers of security assurance, capable of evolving with time, (2) unique measures tailored to specific subversion methodologies, (3) real-time conflict management, and (4) security system self-protection. The architecture will balance additional computational burdens against current policy, scope of threat, and resource conflict potential. ORINCON brings extensive experience as a developer of agent-based systems and distributed agent security systems for Information Warfare. Initially we will design experiments to demonstrate this technology in a controlled environment. In Phase II we will implement the technology in an agent-based Information Warfare security system to clearly show its operational utility. |
| SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CORP.
2300 Windy Ridge Parkway Atlanta, GA 30339 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 859-9161
Keith Gammon AF 98-127 |
| Title: | Innovative C4I Technologies - Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Services Over PCS |
| Abstract: | Recently, there has been a trend in the military to utilize ATM as a backbone for the delivery of multimedia digital services and to extend these services to the mobile tactical user. Concurrently, there has also been an active effort to reduce the cost of wireless mobile communications by applying commercial cellular and personal communications services (PCS) to the military arena. An opportunity exists to merge these two technologies to create a product which will extend to her tactical user, the multimedia services offered by ATM using the low cost commercial infrastructure of PCS. SRC, a leading researcher and developer of wireless ATM technology, supported by TWS, a provider of engineering services to commercial PCS operators, proposes to thoroughly investigate all issues surrounding the transport of ATM services over commercial PCS networks. Based on this investigation, SRC will propose a detailed architecture of the protocols and equipment required to provide this capability. The proposed architecture will be based on the use of current and pending standards in both the ATM and PCS communities facilitating interoperability with other commercial off-the-shelf products. This product would apply to both the military and commercial markets by allowing the distribution of digital voice, video, and data services to the mobile PCS user. |
| STIEFVATER CONSULTANTS
10002 HILLSIDE TERRACE MARCY, NY 13403 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 733-4725
DR TZETA TSAO AF 98-127 |
| Title: | INNOVATIVE C4I TECHNOLOGIES |
| Abstract: | Airborne bistatic radar has been drawing great interest in recent years. A major portion of the attention is drawn to its potential in an airborne configuration, where, for example, an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is used as a passive receiver, and interest in space-based systems is also likely to be high in the future. Adequacy of the exisitng space-time adaptive processing (STAP) algorithms in such settings is of great concern. The proposed effort considers the effects of the bistatic geometry on space=time adaptive processing. The goal is both to characterize a parametric model for the received bistatic waveform and to develop a MATLAB based signal processing/evaluation tool. The result is a means to describe and assess how the characteristics of the received signal depend on platform motion, beam profile, internal clutter motion, and the three-dimensional bistatic geometry. This work will be necessary when evaluating a large inventory of STAP algortihms specific for bistatic space-based radars. There are four tasks to be accomplished. First, we will implement formulas for the bistatic geometry relationships (these are described in detail in section d). Second, a bistatic equivalent of the constant Gamma model for out-of-plane scattering. Those results are then combined to produce a MATLAB based for the purpose of generating simulated bistatic received waveforms. This data generation capability provides an input process for the parametric evaluation of the STAP algorithms. Finally, verificaiton using measured bistatic data will be performed, and the issues of extending the results to the space-based bistatic systems will be investigated. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
1660 S. Amphlett Boulevard San Mateo, CA 94402 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 655-7242
Terrance Goann AF 98-127 |
| Title: | PROPHETEER: Predictive Planning for Real World Adversarial Domains |
| Abstract: | We propose an innovative combination of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in the design of a predictive planning and preemption (PPP) system. Specifically, we propose to enhance military planning processes by exploiting predictive battlespace knowledge to shape the future actions of the enemy to the benefit of friendly forces. By drawing on our experience in planning, machine learning, and behavior modeling and recognition, we have devised an eclectic approach to predictive planning that is applicable to real world military domains. We propose to integrate recent advances in plan recognition and data mining with modern planning and execution systems to form a unique means for proactive and dynamic warfare planning. Additionally, we will incorporate mobility, communications, logistics, information warfare, and other non hard kill weapons based operations into the planning process. The tight integration of simulation and modeling capabilities with this extended planning process will greatly improve the ability of the US military to control the pace and phasing of military operations and substantially decrease the risk of surprise. We will prove the feasibility of our approach by developing and demonstrating a proof-of-concept prototype in Phase I. |
| TEXTWISE, LLC
2-121 Ctr for Science & Tech Syracuse, NY 13244 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 443-1989
Dr. Elizabeth D. Liddy AF 98-128 |
| Title: | EMMA: Evolving and Messaging Decision Making Agents |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a system of mobile, autonomous, evolving agents for collaborative decision making, called EMMA. EMMA will be a neuro-genetic hybrid multi-agent collaborative decision making system based on an evolutionary control strategy for coordinating decision making agents. The system architecture will be two-layers, consisting of a central control agent and a distributed set of mobile collaborating decision making agents. The control strategy will use a neuro-genetic hybrid (NGH) approach to training and evolving autonomous decision making agents. The system will find information, evaluate it, and combine multiple results to offer recommendations and alternatives for action. Phase I will deliver a feasibility study and working prototype with one agent. It will prove the concept and establish the necessary architecture. Phase II will add multiple and mobile agents, and create a working collaborative multi-agent system. Design issues for EMMA include: mechanisms for inter-agent communication and coordination of problem solving; optimum implementations for a polling mechanism and for the genetic algorithm including selection mechanism and reproduction process and development of agent fitness measures; and incorporation of feedback from the user into the learning process. |
| 21ST CENTURY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
8302 Lincoln Lane Mclean, VA 22012 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 448-7564
Sherry Marcus AF 98-130 |
| Title: | Dynamic Data Mining for Information Exploitation |
| Abstract: | Sucessful completion of Phase I efforts shall provide the Air Force with an intelligent dynamic data mining architecture and demonstration prototype. We shall develop the concept of a profile that shall be used as a basis for identification and linking of relationships based on a rough sketch or profile of the situation. The use of profiles shall be used in enhancing existing case-based and association data mining modules. Additional data mining tools in the area of estimation analysis, sequence based analysis, and clustering shall be investigated. Change Monitoring and Action Triggering Modules shall automatically detect and notify users or agents of new information as it enters the system. We shall heavily leverage off of COTS technologies including Oracle, Objectspace's Voyager, and MAVIS, 21st Century Technologies Inc. data integration tool. |
| EXPERT DECISIONS, INC.
613 Henning Court Naperville, IL 60540 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(773) 525-5896
Lucian Russell AF 98-130 |
| Title: | Dynamic Data Mining |
| Abstract: | The goal of the project is to produce an innovative information software architecture for intelligent, dynamic data mining; one providing direct support for intelligent agents and scalable to very large data/knowledge bases. The objectives are to develop a new technology, deductive data mining, and use it to harness necessary extensions of inductive data mining technology needed to address video, fax, graphics, images/ voice, and textual data. The focus of the effort is providing advanced data structures that support innovative ways to both access and store various forms of data/knowledge. Specifically, the technology provides intelligent ways to coordinate various forms of raw data, including restructuring, to discover information. This is done by providing adaptable transformation techniques to structure knowledge so that it can be managed more efficiently, and so that information can be automatically filtered, manipulated, and summarized. The result is an evolvable data/knowledge base configuration for scalable information aggregation/ processing. The initial phase investigates development of techniques for designing, developing, and integrating large-scale active information systems using massive multi-source data rich repositories. |
| PBB SYSTEMS, INC.
Route 31 Canastota, NY 13032 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 697-9573
P. Bruce Berra AF 98-130 |
| Title: | Dynamic Data Mining Using an Electro-Optical Data Warehouse |
| Abstract: | Ultra large user-oriented distributed multimedia information systems that manage terabytes of data must provide rich functionality so that interesting new applications can be addressed. Since a wealth of data, information, and knowledge are resident within these vast repositories; a variety of data mining techniques have developed. These techniques are very computationally intensive and require the movement of large amounts of data. In the search for new approaches, optics may be able to help since photons have the very attractive properties of high speed, non-interference, and parallelism. Optical systems can accommodate a large number of parallel, high-bandwidth channels, and optical storage devices have very high storage densities. In this proposed program we will postulate an electro-optical computer architecture and examine the feasibility of executing a number of data mining and knowledge discovery algorithms on ultra large multimedia data/knowledge bases with the express purpose of increasing performance and functionality. Electro-optical special purpose architecture enhancements and advanced adaptable memory design/configurations will be investigated in order to postulate an innovative electro-optical computer architecture. Alphanumeric and image data mining and knowledge discovery algorithms will be selected and evaluated on the electro-optical computer architecture. In addition, the feasibility of interfacing with intelligent agents on the web and with mobile hand-held computing devices will be investigated. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
50 Mall Road Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-3388
Dr. Ronald Chaney AF 98-131 |
| Title: | Adaptive Data Fusion Technology |
| Abstract: | The prodigious amount of information provided by surveillance systems and other information sources has created unprecedented opportunities for achieving situation awareness. However, due to the fact that Air Force missions are constantly evolving and specific user information needs are not predictable in advance, it is necessary to devise fusion control strategies that are adaptive to user needs and the context of each mission. However, the optimal control problem arising from the desired adaptive control capabilities is enormously complex. We propose to develop a methodology, called Neuro-Dynamic Programming, that combines elements of dynamic programming, simulation-based reinforcement learning, and statistical inference techniques to address the complex adaptive fusion control problem. The principal advantage of the Neuro-Dynamic Programming methodology is that the cost-to-go function that drives the optimal control strategy is not required to be computed analytically. Rather, the system learns the cost-to-go function via simulation-based reinforcement learning. In related work, Neuro-Dynamic Programming controllers have been shown to provide near-optimal control of complex systems with modest amounts of simulation-based training. Extending Neuro-Dynamic Programming for adaptive fusion control holds the promise of providing fusion capabilities that are responsive to user needs and sensitive to context dependencies of the performance of underlying fusion processes. |
| ORINCON CORP.
9363 Towne Centre Drive San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 455-5530
Mr. Dale M. Klamer AF 98-131 |
| Title: | Dynamic Adaption of Data Fusion Algorithms |
| Abstract: | The ORINCON team's proposed research and development addresses the application of adaptive data fusion to the surveillance problem of high-density targets in a cluttered environment; our effort focuses on robust data fusion for surveillance through algorithmic adaptation. Our overall goals are to (1) extend, develop, and control the fuzzy controller for the adaptive data fusion problem; and (2) develop and evaluate alternative architectures for adaptive fusion systems. We propose to extend the development of a fuzzy controller to include time constraints for the solution based on the rate of incoming reports. By monitoring surveillance problem characteristics, such as number of targets, and assignment problem matrices (number of targets and contention), the controller selects either an MHT or an ND approach and specifies algorithm parameters. Thus, the controller adapts to the problem at hand and selects the best fusion approach given the characteristics of the problem. In addition, we intend to focus our research and development toward the automated selection of alternative fusion algorithms. |
| SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS COMPANY, INC.
500 West Cummings Park Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 933-5355
Raman Mehra/B. Ravichandr AF 98-131 |
| Title: | Unified Generalized Bayesian Adaptive Data Fusion Technology |
| Abstract: | Real-time fusion algorithms are often patchworks of loosely integrated sub-algorithms, each of which addresses a separate fusion objective and each of which may process only one kind of evidence. Because these objectives are often in conflict, adaptive methods (e.g. internal monitoring and feedback control to dynamically reconfigure algorithms) are often necessary to ensure more optimal performance. The proposed project offers a "cut the Gordian knot" approach to adaptive fusion. Explicit algorithm reconfiguration is largely unnecessary because conflicting objectives are simultaneously resolved within a self-reconfiguring, optimally integrated algorithm. This algorithm is ultimately capable of filtering all major evidence types: random point data, images, ambiguous features, natural-language statements, and rules. The approach, which we call Bayesian multisource, multi-target, multi-evidence filtering or Bayesian multi-filtering for short, is based on a direct generalization of recursive Bayes-Markov nonlinear filtering (WOLF) theory. It generalizes NLF to: (1) multiple targets of unknown number, identity, and kinematics, observed by multiple sensors; including (2) sensors which collect image data; and (3) sources which collect ambiguous observations. Specific Phase I tasks are: (1) Develop or acquire simulated multi-source data for multi-sensor sources; (2) Develop multi-source, multi-target, and multi-evidence unified evidence accrual algorithms; (3) Test and evaluate the novel evidence accrual algorithms; (4) Statistically characterize the performance error of the novel algorithms; and (5) Final report and Phase II recommendations. Phase II will further develop the chosen data fusion paradigm and evaluate it using appropriate metrics. The project team includes Dr. Ronald Mahler of Lockheed Martin and Dr. Anuj Srivastava, both originators of Bayesian multi-filtering algorithms. Lockheed Martin will provide technical and commercialization support in the application of Bayesian multi-filtering. |
| GENERAL REALITY CORP.
124 Race Street San Jose, CA 95126 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 289-8340
Esfandiar Bandari, Ph.D. AF 98-132 |
| Title: | Automated Video Camera Acquisition & Modeling (AVCAM) |
| Abstract: | Automated extraction of 3D objects from video sequences represents a key 21st Century enabling technology for DOD applications, ranging from interactive C3 systems to virtual reality mission rehearsal. While dozens of researchers have demonstrated underlying theory, significant development issues remain which have prevented introduction of any relevant systems. General Reality Corporation (GRC) proposes to attack this bottleneck by advancing the state-of-the-art in structure-from-motion (SFM) algorithms, through integration of edge extraction and aggregation for improved depth mapping, meshing, and object segmentation. Driven by a Phase II goal of automatically populating the New World Vistas Global Awareness Virtual Test Bed (NWV GA VTB) using video source data, GRC will establish Phase I feasibility by 1) developing a real-time capable, edge-assisted breadboard of its unique "scene to simulator" processing pipeline, 2) demonstrating its potential performance in a NWV GA VTB visualization, and 3) developing a complete system design for Phase II maturation and delivery. The proposed effort will utilize and extend GRC's strong technology base, which includes a DARPA-sponsored controlled imagery acquisition system and a Marine Corps-sponsored SFM architecture for semi-automatic video model generation. |
| TRIDENT SYSTEMS, INC.
10201 Lee Highway Fairfax, VA 22030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 359-6226
Scott Thomas AF 98-133 |
| Title: | A Heterogeneous Multimedia Toolkit for Desktop Collaboration |
| Abstract: | The Internet and related technologies have enabled collaboration between remote users across heterogeneous computing environments. However, the first generation of these collaboration tools, including electronic mail, file transfer, and remote login provide only the most primitive of collaboration tools. Recent advancements in technology have enabled video teleconferencing (VTC) applications to provide multimedia to the desktop. However, most current collaboration tools are monolithic in nature, and only support multimedia between users across a homogeneous computing environment. There are still many obstacles that must be overcome before the vision of a truly integrated collaboration environment is realized. In this proposed project, we plan to implement a Heterogeneous Multimedia Toolkit (HMT), which is based upon the MASH framework developed at University of California, Berkeley. The MASH framework incorporates the popular MBone video conferencing tools, and provides an extensible architecture that allows for new and innovative tools and techniques to be integrated into the framework. HMT provides desktop collaboration capabilities across heterogeneous platforms, including UNIX, Windows, and MacOS operating systems. Additionally, HMT empowers network-aware applications to take advantage of ATM networks which offer guaranteed bandwidth and QoS. In short, HMT pushes the state of the art in desktop collaboration. |
| RELIABLE SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGIES
21515 Ridgetop Circle Sterling, VA 20166 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 404-9293
Dr. Gary McGraw AF 98-134 |
| Title: | Adaptive Vulverability Analysis for JAVA as a Defensive Information Warfare Technology |
| Abstract: | We propose to investigate the use of Adaptive Vulnerability Analysis (being developed under DARPA contract number F30602-95-C-0282) for analysis of Java applets and applications. Java - a platform-independent, Internet-savvy programming language - has found widespread acceptance and has been adopted for use in critical defense information systems such as the GCCS. It is essential to develop and extend security assessment techniques, including AVA, to counter information warfare threats. AVA has been successfully implemented in the Fault Injection Security Tool (FIST) prototype for C and C++ source code. FIST employs software fault injection to force anomalous program states during the execution of software and to observe their corresponding effects on system security. If insecure behavior is detected, the perturbed location that resulted in a violation is isolated for further analysis and possible retrofitting with fault-tolerant mechanisms. Extending AVA to handle Java code will require significant research investigating the effects that differences between C/C++ and Java have on fault injection analysis. One such difference is Java's memory management system which uses garbage collection and array bounds checking. Another is Java's use of exceptions. Phase I of the project we propose includes developing a Java JDK 1.2 parsing capability for FIST and undertaking a feasibility study for a complete Java-capable version. |
| SOFTWARE PRODUCTIVITY SOLUTIONS, INC.
122 Fourth Avenue Indialantic, FL 32903 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 984-3370
Michael Winburn AF 98-134 |
| Title: | Forensic Analysis and Collection System (FACS) |
| Abstract: | Software Productivity Solutions, Inc. (SPS) proposes an innovative approach - called the Forensic Analysis and Collection System (FACS) - to provide an unprecedented level of accuracy, ease-of-use, and overall effectiveness in collecting, recovering ,and analyzing computer forensic data. Our effort will investigate, define, and develop methods and supporting tools for collecting and analyzing forensic evidence. These methods and tools will be combined into a documented process that guides the user through the task of gathering and analyzing computer forensic data from an intrusion/crime scene without worry of destroying or contaminating important evidence. Our post-mortem forensic methods and tools will assist the user in determining: 1) how an intrusion was accomplished, 2) what computing resources and data were affected, 3) what damage was done to the computing environment, and 4) what must be done to recover from the event. We will leverage recovery work done by SPS, George Mason University, and other IWT Recovery IPT members by defining a logical flow from computer forensic analysis to recovery using techniques developed by the IPT. |
| TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP.
6515 MAIN STREET TRUMBULL, CT 06611 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 268-1249
LAWRENCE ADZIMA AF 98-135 |
| Title: | ADAPTIVE SIGNAL PROCESSING ALGORITHM DEVELOPMENT FOR AIRBORNE EARLY EARNING RADAR |
| Abstract: | The detection of low velocity targets by a high PRF surveillance radar such as the E-3 AWASCS is exacerbated by the two different clutter return phenomena: the J-Hook return and the Horseshoe return. The J-Hook return is observed primarily when the antenna points downward. In these geometries the clutter screen below the antenna may not adequately suppress the elevation sidelobe return, which allows the J-Hook return to become strong.The Horseshoe return, which is viturally always present, is believed to be caused by reflections from the AWACS radome. The Horseshoe return tends to track near the aircraft's nadir point.The proposed research will provide greater insight into the causes of these two clutter returns. Also, the algorithms that will be investigated to mitigate these effects are described. The algorithms, which vary considerably in complexity operate at various levels including: 1) censoring the clutter retruns in the CFAR map, 2) multiple slant adaptive processing and 3) both single and multiple channel adaptive antenna processing. |
| AZIMA ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3409 Morgan Street West Lafayette, IN 47906 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(765) 497-3330
M. Farrukh Khan AF 98-136 |
| Title: | Design and Development of a Video Database With Automated Indexing Mechanisms |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop automated video indexing and retrieval mechanisms based on comprehensive representations of video data, and efficient processing for automated in-dexing. Content-based video data retrieval has enormous potential in defense, industry and the government. However, a number of stubborn problems have impeded progress in developing fully automated video database systems. These problems include difficulty of specification of video queries and huge computational requirements. Our effort will focus on developing viable solutions for these two problems and utilizing the solutions in building an automated video database indexing and management system. We plan to employ wavelet-based multiresolution pattern matching techniques for recognition of video objects. The precision of object modeling and recognition can be tuned to the level of available computational resources and time constraints thus allowing trade-offs between levels of computation and accuracy of pattern matching. We will develop pragmatic knowledge-based models of video data to capture complex video semantics. These models will provide efficient Indexing and retrieval mechanisms for a variety of scenarios. Two models, based on object motion trajectories and spatio-temporal logic will be developed for this purpose. The system will provide a graphic user-interface for the users to formulated complex video queries. |
| BELTRAN, INC.
1133 East 35 Street Brooklyn, NY 11210 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(718) 377-0227
Dr. Alexander M. Tishin AF 98-137 |
| Title: | Optical Memories |
| Abstract: | The main objectives of this project are: 1) the development and investigation of novel nanostructures and low dimensional systems to substantially increase storage capacities; and 2) the development of new advanced technological materials for ultimately small digital and analogous devices and functional elements. The technology of fabrication of cluster-containing thin films and polymer matrix as well as more complicated nanostructures will be developed new types of rare-earth and transition metals containing clusters fixed in a polymer matrix will be synthesized and studied. The project will contribute to the understanding of physical and chemical properties of nanosystems, which is important for the development of technologies involving nano-scale functional elements (high density memory devices, single-electron tunnel systems, etc.). |
| RADIANT RESEARCH, INC.
9430 Research Blvd. Austin, TX 78759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 338-4670
Suning Tang (Ph.D.) AF 98-138 |
| Title: | Throughput-Enhanced Multi-Wavelength Guidedwave Optical Interconnects for High-Density Holographic Memory |
| Abstract: | New developments in the three-dimensional memory devices have created demand for high-speed and large-volume data handling interconnects between memory devices and processing elements. Electrical interconnects fail to keep up with this new demand due to their basic limitations. Optical interconnects and devices inherently offer large bandwidth and hence high-speed and ultra-high-density data capacities. Radiant Research, Inc., proposes to construct a parallel-to-serial interconnect module using guided-wave technology in conjunction with VCSELs, Photodiodes, wavelength division demultiplexing (WDDM) device and multimode fibers. Employment of the WDDM device significantly increases the aggregate bandwidth well above 10 Gb/sec, while minimizing the latency of data transfer. Inherently parallel memory using serial optical network can be realized without compromising the performance. 3D-holographic memory system provided by Holoplex (HM-100) will be employed for the system demonstration. Experimental result shows that each WDDM wavelength channel can provide 2500 Gb/sec in a parallel-to-serial format. As a result, the projected target (Fig.2) will be achieved. Important benefits of this approach are significantly improved device performance in the context of data transfer for 3D memory, relaxed fabrication tolerance, and reduced cost. The proposed technology has tremendous commercial value in the optoelectronic interconnect industry. |
| I-KINETICS, INC.
17 New England Executive Park Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 270-1300
Bruce Cottman AF 98-139 |
| Title: | Monitoring and Management Services for Distributed Object Systems |
| Abstract: | As computer architectures evolve away from monolithic applications towards distributed, cooperating sets of objects of higher and higher granularity it becomes increasingly vital to have sophisticated distributed monitoring and management services. Systems containing tens of thousands of objects deployed over thousands of nodes will be deployed. The monitoring and management requirements for different groups of objects will vary widely. Traditional approaches to monitoring and management are inadequate to address these widely varying needs as they typically operate at the level of a platform node or a system rather than the object process. Ongoing work in the CORBA community and OMG CORBA Facilites Task Force will provide a basis for system-level management service for this proposed work. The innovation of the Phase I approach is that individual objects are responsible for certain aspects of their own monitoring and management. These objects possess behaviors which can be invoked from well-defined interfaces. The objects will be able to delegate certain functions to system-level management services, which would possess the breadth of information necessary to make appropriate decisions and take action. This is a multi-level management model where the granularity of the architecture matches exactly the requisite granularity for large-scale object systems. |
| INTEGRATED SENSORS, INC.
502 COURT STREET UTICA, NY 13502 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 798-1377
WALTER E SZCZEPANSKI AF 98-141 |
| Title: | SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR (SAR) ENHANCING TECHNOLOGIES |
| Abstract: | There is a critical need for an all weather capability to detect and classify military targets using high resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery. In many applications major difficulties arise because of the radio frequency interference (RFI) sources which can inadvertently or intentionally interfere with the operation of the SAR. Homogeneous processor architectures currently used to accomplish the real time SAR processing are ill equipped for the RFI mitigation function. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and block floating point (BFP) devices have demonstrated substantial throughput (up by a factor of 10), size, weight, and power advantages over central processing units (CPU) such as the Power PC while maintaining wide dynamic range (>120dB). Combining these specialized processing devices with general purpose CPUs into a heterogeneous processor has been shown to be feasible. Therefore, Integrated Sensors, Inc. (ISI) proposes to design an efficient COTS based heterogeneous parallel processor architecture and processing element optimized for real-time RFI detection and rejection. Representative hardware components, such as SHARP's BDSP 9124 block floating point device and special purpose field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), will provide the basis of the proposed processing element. |
| TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP.
6615 MAIN STREET TRUMBULL, CT 06611 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 268-1249
STEVEN JAROSZEWSKI AF 98-141 |
| Title: | SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR (SAR) ENHANCING TECHNIQUES |
| Abstract: | SAR is a critical technology for obtaining military and economic intelligence, terrain height and cover information, and a variety of other data. Because of its long coherent integration times and wide bandwidth, SAR is extremely vulnerable to RF interference, intentional noise jamming and coherent repeater jamming. The proposed research will identify the sources of interference that affect SARs operating in different frequency bands, quantify the effects of this interference on the SAR image and develop (to a first level) concepts that can negate the intereference. The techniques for rejecting the interference include space-time adaptive processing, adaptive time gating and frequency domain nulling, coherent signal subtraction and monopulse processing/cell censoring. Also investigated will be interpolation techniques to restore the portions of the signal lost due to the gating and filtering of the interference.A matrix will be generated that summarizes the impact of each interference source on the SAR's performance, the interference rejection required, the ability of the jammer negation techniques to achieve these requistite levels and the cost of incorporating each negation concept. This matrix will help to identify the most critical threats and the optimal rejection techniques for a Phase II development and demonstration program. |
| STIEFVATER CONSULTANTS
10002 Hillside Terr. Marcy, NY 13403 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 733-4725
Dr. Mohamed Adel Slamani AF 98-142 |
| Title: | Innovated Special Operations Technologies |
| Abstract: | This proposal addresses the primary signal processing issues associated with the performance improvement and data interpretation of sensors used for through-the-wall surveillance (TWS) applications. A number of technologies are currently under development for TWS, and use of the appropriate signal processing techniques will be key to the success of such sensors in practical applications. It is proposed to analyze the problems associated with the collection of data by different TWS sensors, to determine the distortions caused by the different problems, and to identify the type of signal/image processing tools to be applied for solving the different distortions. Amongst the sensors to be analyzed are 3D Radar, Millimeter-wave, RF, and Acoustic for both civilian and military applications of law enforcement and corrections. It is also proposed to determine the advantages and weaknesses of each type of sensor in order to be able to decide how and which sensors should be used conjointly in a fusion process to enhance the data interpretation capabilities. Finally, it is proposed to search ways of implementing or green-yellow-red automation process for easy identification of danger in a TWS scene. |
| OPTIVISION, INC.
3450 HILLVIEW AVENUE PALO ALTO, CA 94304 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 855-1776
DR MATTHEW DERSTINE AF 98-144 |
| Title: | MONOLITHIC OPTICS FOR HIGHLY PARALLEL OPTICAL BACKPLANE |
| Abstract: | Emerging weapon system's need for high performance processor with large addressable memory will continue to increase, Airborne systems (e.g. Joint STARS, JSF, and AWACS) will have processing needs approaching Tera-ops packaged in a single chasis and rack. Continued evolution of digital CMOS technology processors can provide the basis for supporting these requirements; Giga-op single chip processing devices will be available in the near future. However this increase in processing power will not necessarily result in higher performance embedded military processing systems. This is because the electrical interconnect fabric is not scaleable with digital signal processing technology. This proposal describes a plan to develop key optical elements for a parallel optical backplane system that will address this interconnection bottleneck. We propose the use of injection molding to create a monolithic optical assembly with precise mounting fixtures will reduce the cost of the fabrication, assembly and maintenance on the modules used to implement the backpalne. During the Phase I we will define, design, fabricate and test the optical component. The performance objective for the part are >1000 interconnects per centimeter of board edge. In Phase II this element will be integrated with the VCSEL-based optoelectronics. |
| ANALYTIC DESINGS, INC.
245 EAST GAY ST COLUMBUS, OH 43215 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(614) 224-9078
ALLEN K DOMINEK AF 98-145 |
| Title: | RF, PLANE WAVE SCATTERING CHARACTERIZATION OF A JET ENGINE THROUGH NEAR-FIELD SCANNING |
| Abstract: | One current automatic target recognition (ATR) approach utilizes synthetic radar data. The success of this approach is highly dependent upon the quality of this synthetic data. It is known that the radar scattering from jet aircraft can have a significant engine contribution. Current numerical techniques to predict the jet engine scattering do not yet provide the desired accuracy. As an alternate approach to numerical prediction, a measurement technique is proposed.Analytic Designs, Incorporated (ADI) will develop a novel near-field measurement technique to provide the plane wave scattering characterization for an engine configuration. This technique will utilize time domain measurements to collect the necessary broad frequency domain information. Transmit and receive probes will be positionally controlled through a specially designed polar scanner designed to facilitate the data acquisition. Unique signal processing techniques will also be employed to minimize the measured samples, thus reducing the acquisition time as well. Once the complete, bistatic aperture distribution has been obtained, any far-field, bistatic plane wave scattering coefficient can be obtained. The commercial ability to perform near-field, bistatic scanning would result in a unique and advanced capability to determine the scattering characteristics of other structures which can not be detached and measured with a traditional compact range approach. This capability has applicability for component evaluation on flight ready aircraft. |
| HYPERCOMP, INC.
537 MEADOW GROVE LANE THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91362 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 494-8749
DR VIJAYA SHANKAR AF 98-145 |
| Title: | SYNTHETIC DATA PREDICTION AND VALIDATION TECHNIQUES FOR AUTOMATIC TARGET RECOGNITION(ATR) |
| Abstract: | Recent advances in full wave solutions to time-domain Maxwell's equations employing high order space and time, finite-element-like unstructured grid-based integration procedures, and parallel scalable code architectures, now make it very attractive and cost-effective to consider such solutions for a myraid of complex electromagnetic applications including radar cross section (RCS) scattering studies for full fighter targets, antenna radiation problems, and synthetic data prediction for automatic target recognition (ATR). While the current trend is to employ high frequency techniques for ATR studies, various aspects of electromagnetic physics, such as traveling waves, dispersive and other material characterization, interaction between electrically small and large components of an LO target (small fins on a long missile body), and low frequency (50 MHz to 2 GHz) modeling, require more exact solutions based on time-domain Maxwell's equations. The parallel, unstructured grid-based, time-domain CEM code, UPRCS, developed under the PACESETTER contract, will complement ongoing high frequency ATR applications.The key attributes of the time-domain UPRCS code are (1) pulse mode for broad band response, (2) complex geometry modeling using unstructured surface and volume gridding including material treatment, (3) highly scalable parallel code architecture, and (4) GUI for user friendly enviornment. While advances in the time-domain are being made in all fronts, the primary focus of this SBIR Phase I proposal is to develop the necessary procedures and validate the time-domain technology for ATR applications and extend the technology to X-band frequency range. |
| ORORA DESIGN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1510 Teg Drive Iowa City, IA 52246 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(319) 341-9674
C.J. Richard Shi, PhD AF 98-146 |
| Title: | Genetic Optimization and Programming for Analog/RF Modeling and Synthesis |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a CAD tool for the automated synthesis of analog/RF device models and analog/RF circuits. In the Phase I of the project, we will focus on parameter optimization. To achieve the desirable optimization performance using a reasonable amount of CPU time, the proposed tool will combine the genetic algorithm with local search techniques. VHDL-AMS language will be exploited as a unified means to specify both models and circuits. During the Phase I of the project, we will explore genetic programming for automated model creation and circuit synthesis. The same tool will apply to the optimization and synthesis of behavioral models for analog and RF subcircuits, and is useful for full system verification and prototyping. |
| FARADAY TECHNOLOGY, INC.
315 HULS DR CLAYTON, OH 45315 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 836-7749
E JENNINGS TAYLOR PHD AF 98-147 |
| Title: | COPPER ELECTROCHEMICAL PLANARIZATION FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL ADVANCED IC MULTICHIP MODULE AND INTERCONNECT APPLICATIONS |
| Abstract: | The objective of the program is to develop and commercialize an electrochemical copper planarization process for three-dimensional advanced IC applications (multichip modules and interconnects) based on a modulated reverse electrochemical planarization (MREF-ECP) process. The Phase I program will demonstrate the MREF-ECP process using damascene architecture with trenches of 1 to 0.25 microns and aspect ratios of 1:1 to 3:1. These dimensional features are not currently attained using state-of-the art fabrication techniques. Further, the proposed MREF-ECP process will (1) improve through-put due to the elimination of the time consuming electropolishing step, (2) reduce capital investment with less processing sequences, and (3) minimize or eliminate the waste stream volume. The proposed MREF-ECP process is a key enabling technology for three-dimensional IC applications required by the U.S. Air Force to reduce the power, weight, volume, and cost of aircraft microelectronics. |
| MACAULAY BROWN, INC.
4023 EXECUTIVE DRIVE DAYTON, OH 45430 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 426-3421
RODGER L SOUTHWORTH AF 98-148 |
| Title: | ELECTRONIC COUNTERMEASURES (ECM) AND ELECTRONIC COUNTER-COUNTERMEASURES (ECCM) ANALYSIS FOR GPS APPLICATIONS |
| Abstract: | The ability of GPS to counter electronic attack (jamming) and unintentional interfering signals is critical to the success of future military operations, and many activities of civilian life. Innovative testing approaches and well-equipped, affordable simulation and test facilities are required to analyze the effects of jamming/interference on GPS and to evaluate anti-jam techniques, such as adaptive antennas. This capability is essential for developing ECCMs against jamming and devising effective ECMs against enemy GPS systems.The objectives of this research are twofold: (1) to upgrade the capabilities of the AFRL EW Anechoic Chamber (EWAC) infrastructure for conducting tests of GPS systems in realistic jamming environments, and (2) to perform the evaluation and analysis of GPS ECM/ECCM techniques. This proposed Phase I will be an assessment of EWAC capabilities, test plans and procedures, and a facility upgrade design including the simulation hardware/software, instrumentation, and chamber modifications needed to meet GPS ECM/ECCM testing requirements. The requirements of the GPS Joint Program Office (JPO) for the "GPS Antenna Systems Test Infrastructure" will be used for guidance on this program. |
| TECOLOTE RESEARCH, INC.
5290 OVERPASS RD BLDG D SANTA BARBARA, CA 93111 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 964-6963
RICHARD A NORDSIECK AF 98-149 |
| Title: | REVOLUTIONARY AVIONICS PAYLOAD COST ESTIMATING FOR UNINHIBITED AIR VEHICLES (UAVs): THE ADVANCED AVIONICS PAYLOAD COST (AAPCO) MODEL |
| Abstract: | Government and industry are being challenged to develop revolutionary avionics technologies, architectures, and payload packages for uninhabited air vehicles (UAVs) as these vehicles are proposed to meet an expanding array of military missions. In today's budget conscious world, the affordability of these avionics payloads has become equal in importance with their size, weight, and performance as determinants for their selection. Accordingly, there is a pressing need for an advanced avionics cost estimating model to operate in concert with engineering design and performance evaluation tools starting at concept definition, and continuing forward through the system development and acquisition process. Tecolote Research proposes to develop the innovative Advanced Avionics Payload Cost (AAPCO) model to meet these challenges for future UAVs. The AAPCO model will include comprehensive libraries of baseline technical information for a wide range of UAV missions and avionics functions; will be flexible to encompass both traditional and advanced architectures and technologies; will provide a user friendly interface for problem definition, whether characterized by high-level inputs during concept definition, or more detailed descriptors; and, most importantly, the AAPCO model will employ advanced numerical methods to enable cost as an independent variable, and to guide the user toward cost effective solutions. |
| CLEVELAND CRYSTALS, INC.
19306 REDWOOD AVENUE CLEVELAND, OH 44110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(440) 461-1384
GARY C CATELLA AF 98-150 |
| Title: | Cr:CdSe A NOVEL COMBINED LASER/NONLINEAR OPTICAL CRYSTAL FOR MID-IR APPLICATIONS |
| Abstract: | Many nonlinear optics (NLO) applications are frustrated by lack of suitable crystals. Chromium-doped Cadmium Selenide (Cr2+:CdSe) is an example of a laser host which is also the NLO crystal. This crystal is not available in suitable size or quality. However, it is potentially a very useful material for laser systems. Cr2+:CdSe, diode-pumped at 1.9um and possibly 0.88um infrared (IR) region. CdSe has excellent thermal and optical properties. Diode-pumped Cr2+:CdSe could provide broadly tunable or selectable-fixed-frequency IR radiation suitable for the many DOD and commercial uses detailed below. A method for incorporating the desired level of Cr2+ in CdSe crystals must be developed. Cleveland Crystals has used two techniques to produce samples of Cr2+:CdSe. Bridgman growth with Cr doping and diffusion of Cr into previously grown CdSe crystals. During Phase I, we would optimize the diffusion technique to produce Cr2":CdSe with the desired Cr2+ concentration. Development risk is reduced because CdSe single-crystals of high quality are now commercially available and supported by our infrastructure. Phase II would be aimed at optimizing crystals for particular pump lasers, increasing crystal size and improving production processes. The goal would be commercial production of Cr2+:CdSe bars for laser/NLO applications. |
| AERODYNE RESEARCH, INC.
45 MANNING ROAD BILLERICA, MA 01821 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 663-9500
DR EDWARD J NIPLE AF 98-151 |
| Title: | DISTRIBUTED APERTURE E-O SYSTEM FOR TRACKING AND DESIGNATION |
| Abstract: | A small number of conformal E-O sensors distributed over the surface of an aircraft can provide field of view coverage for Missile Warning, IRST and FLIR viewing. An innovative technique (Spatial Modulation) is used to allow a low density IR focal plane array to provide the necessary high resolution over a wide field of view. The Spatial Modulation sensor has an intermediate focal plane that is used to interface the sensor to a laser distribution system for active designation and tracking. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
655 ASPEN RIDEGE DRIVE LAFAYETTE, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
DR DUANE D SMITH AF 98-151 |
| Title: | MULTIAPERTURE TRACKING AND DESIGNATION SYSTME |
| Abstract: | Distributed aperture ladar systems with centralized transmitters and receivers promise increased functionality with reduced cost, weight and volume. Such multiaperture architectures are anticipated to provide 4(pi) steradian coverage with unprecedented capabilities on airborne platforms. However, two primary technical hurdles prevent realization of a first-generation system. One is finding an acceptable means of delivering high energy (0.1 to 10 J) 10-ns class laser pulses to the remote ports with near-diffraction limited wavefronts. The other is to provide rapid, precision pointing of the laser and receiver fields-of-view. To meet these challenges, CTI proposes to implement an innovative beam transport, forming and control network. This "optical backbone" utilizes linear and nonlinear optical devices coupled to unconventional flexible waveguides. The novel beam transport system offers higher power handling capabilities over a wider wavelength ranges than optical fibers. The linear and nonlinear beam control devices are based upon innovative applications of existing technologies. Quantitiative analyses and laboratory measurements of the components will be performed in Phase I. A design for Phase II hardware will be generated taking into account top-level system specifications and the requirement for an upward-compatible, open architecutre. Coupling this optical backbone to CTI's flight-worthy systems expertise will ensure technical feasibility in Phase II. |
| FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY, INC.
4141 Colonel Glenn Highway Beavercreek, OH 45431 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 429-3302
Samuel Boykin AF 98-152 |
| Title: | Avionics Collabortive Engineering An Automated Methodology for Affordability Evaluations |
| Abstract: | Technical planners are required to prioritize the development of technologies for new systems relative to user needs. Designs for these new systems or technologies typically only exist at the conceptual or preliminary design level, yet trade studies must be performed to assess cost and effectiveness, as well as overall affordability. Collaborative Engineering is being implemented within Air Force Materiel Command to improve the quantity and quality of information available to the designer/planner to make the necessary design trades. Designers require a methodology and tool-set which provide concept cost and affordability estimation based on industry standards for development and production costs, and accurate system operating costs. Objectives of this SBIR are to modify an existing methodology and cost tool set to operate within the Collaborative Engineering Environment. The new tool set will estimate total system life-cycle affordability considering cost as an independent variable. The Phase I program will demonstrate feasibility of the proposed approach and provide a limited functionality prototype of a PC-based software tool. The Phase II program would fully develop the System Affordability Tool. |
| SYMVIONICS, INC.
3280 E. Foothill Blvd. Pasadena, CA 91107 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 426-4504
Paul W. Salchak AF 98-152 |
| Title: | Remote Access Flight Test (RAFT) Smart Product Model (SPM) and Demonstration |
| Abstract: | The government is faced with critical problems in the development and use of high performance computing environments and electronic systems. Increasingly complex systems are required to interact with other increasingly complex systems to meet the demands of sophisticated and multi-variate mission operating environments. Such systems are being acquired, designed, developed, and delivered by geographically and topologically dispersed teams. Meeting these challenges is the vision of the Collaborative Enterprise Environment. There has been significant industry and government investment in developing standards, business models, technical approaches, and tools to address the practical needs of engineers and managers in these emergent environments. We propose to leverage this environment to develop, test, and demonstrate an innovative capability to provide a Remote Access Flight Test (RAFT) capability between the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) and the Air Force Flight Test Center (AFFTC). The resultant set of process and product models for planning, executing, and anayzing flight tests would immediately benefit a variety of DOD and commercial programs which require such testing. These capabilities will give the Air Force a unique asset to optimize for cost effective utility and UTILIZATION of their flight test resources. |
| TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP.
11400 W OLYMPIC BLVD STE 300 LOS ANGELES, CA 90064 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 954-2200
MR J SALZMAN AF 98-153 |
| Title: | ELECTRONIC PROTECTION (EP) FOR ELECTRONICALLY STEERED ANTENNAS (ESAs) |
| Abstract: | The rapid beam agility and wide bandwidth achievable with modern electronically scanned antennas (ESAs), and particularly active ESAs (AESAs), provide airborne radars with a means for electronic protection (EP) against electronic attack (EA) threats in a hostile environment.TSC proposes an EP technique that explits the beam agility characteristics of the ESA to mitigate the deleterious effects of deception jammers (particularly DRFM-based) such as multiple false targets in range and Doppler, and pull off deceptions such as RGPO, BGPO, and coordinated RGPO/VGPO. Combined with off-boresight tracking, the technique can also reject angle-deception jammers such as cross-eye, cross polarizaiton, blinking, and terrain bounce. The simultaneous use of frequency agility will further enhance the EP technique. The technique, denoted Beam-Agility Target Modulation and Discrimination (BATMAD), exploits the rapid beam switiching capability of the modern ESA to modulate target and jammer signals. Using unique jammer discrimination processing in the sum and difference channels, the signals are sorted and classified. Target signals are processed, while jammer signals are rejected.In Phase I, TSC will investigate the feasibility of the BATMAD concept, with the support of Raytheon Systems Company. The technique will be demonstrated in Phase II using simulations and bench-test radar hardware. |
| KOPIN CORP.
695 MYLES STANDISH BOULEVARD TAUNTON, MA 02780 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 824-6696
NOREN PAN AF 98-154 |
| Title: | HIGH POWER InGaP PHEMT |
| Abstract: | The feasibility of InGaP PHEMT for high power amplifiers in the millimeter wave region will be investigated. InGaP has numerous inherent material properties which are potentially superior to AlGAAs based PHEMT's. The areas to be investigated include the optimization of the transport properties for both single sided and double sided doped PHEMT devices. Large and sub-micron FET devices will be fabricated and compared to conventional AlGAAs PHEMT devices. The key advantages of InGaP for high power amplifiers will be assessed in Phase I. Phase II will follow with emphasis on high power amplifier demonstration and reliability studies. Phase III would involve the large scale commercialization of this device for numerous low and millimeter wave applications. |
| SPIRE CORP.
ONE PATRIOTS PARK BEDFORD, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-6000
STANLEY M VERNON AF 98-154 |
| Title: | HETEROJUNCTION BIOLAR TRANSISTORS USING STRIAN-FREE GaAsN ALLOYS |
| Abstract: | Heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) performance would be improved by use of a new material which is closely lattice matched to GaAs, and has a low enough bandgap so that a GaAs emitter can be used; this eliminates the need for AlGaAs or GaInP, whose interface with GaAs is often hard to control. The alloy proposed is gallium arsenide nitirde, GaAs(1-x) N(x), with a few percent nitrogen, which is closely matched to the GaAs lattice and has a bandgap which can be adjusted from 1.45 eV to less than 1.0 eV. This material will be grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) to be highly p-type (by carbon incorporation) without the use of external dopants; this makes it ideal for the base layer in a GaAs-GaAs(1-x)N(x) HBT. Use of this GaN-related alloy should lead to improved operation at high temperature, and improved reliability.In Phase I, we will design a GaAsN HBT structure, develop growth of GAAsN, characterize material properties, and calibrate growth parameters to obtain high P+ doping. The Phase I optional task will be for growth of GaAs-GaAs(1-x)N(X) heterojunctions, and fabrication and testing of n/P+ diodes. Phase II efforts will include optimizing HBT design (using measured GaAsN data), optimizing GaAsN growth and doping control, studying strain relief by addition of indium or antimony, developing graded collector-based heterointerfaces, and finally growing, fabricating, and testing HBT devices. |
| HYPERTECH
4 DICKENS COURT IRVINE, CA 92612 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 448-9532
DR DAVID SLATER AF 98-155 |
| Title: | INTRINSIC FEATURES FOR AUTOMATED TARGET MODELING AND TRACKING USING HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY |
| Abstract: | In this project, we will develop and demonstrate new feature-based algorithms for target modeling and tracing across hyperspectral imagery acquired at different times under unknown condition. The problems addressed by this project are more general than traditional ATR problems in the sense that target properties are initially assumed to be unknown. The algorithms are derived from recently developed physics-based invariants of hyperspectral data that do not depend on the illumination environment or atmospheric conditions. These invariants reduce the high dimensionality associated with a hyperspectral data that do not depend on the illumination environment or atmospheric conditions. These invariants reduce the high dimensionality associated with a hyperspectral target signature to a low dimensionality intrinsic representation. The information contained in hyperspectral data enables the algorithms to discriminate similar materials as well as camouflaged objects from background. Hyperspectral data also enables local apporaches to be used for ATR making the algorithms relatively insensitive to partial obscuration. Since hyperspectral data is complementary to several other sensing modalities, we will investigate the fusion of information obtained from the hyperspectral algorithms with information obtained from other sensors. The performance of the new algorithms will be quantified relative to traditional approaches using imagery containing military vehicles and other objects under different illumination and atmospheric conditions with varying degrees of bacdground clutter and object obscuration. |
| ANSOFT CORP.
669 RIVER DRIVE SUITE 200 ELMWOOD PARK, NJ 07407 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(201) 796-2003
MR JASON GERBER AF 98-156 |
| Title: | AUTOMATED DEVICE MODEL EXTRACTION |
| Abstract: | Accurate modeling of active RF devices is a critical component in circuit and system design. In the past the generated model's accuracy depended heavily on the expertise of the scientist who was performing the model extraction. This proposal develops algorithms and scripting planning for reducing this labor intensive device model extraction process to a PC based automated system. The user, through a powerful graphical interface, has the ability to exercise as much or as little control over the process as is warranted. |
| MATERIALS & ELECTROCHEMICAL RES
7960 S. KOLB ROAD TUCSON, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 574-1980
DR W. KOWBEL AF 98-157 |
| Title: | AFFORDABLE OXIDATION INHIBITED CARBON-CARBON COMPOSITES FOR 1200 DEGREE F APPLICATION |
| Abstract: | Affordable/low cost carbon-carbon (C-C) composites are enabling to a number of defense, aerospace and commercial applications. However, in addition to cost, their limitation is carbon gasification in oxidative environments above about 750oF (=400oC). An inhibited carbon matrix that reduces oxidation rate by a factor of 200 with up to double the strength of uninhibited composites which could be produced for <$50/lb., would revolutionize the applications of C-C composites. A team of MER/Southern Research Institute (SRI) has demonstrated, in separate investigations, that low cost inhibited C-C composites can be produced with exceptional oxidation resistance and mechanical properties. This program will define and optimize molecular base additives that significantly inhibit C-C composites oxidation rate while enhancing mechanical properties. Low cost near net shape components will be demonstrated using the optimized inhibited formulation and translated into current commercialization applications. |
| RADIX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
329 N. BERNARDO AVENUE MOUNTAIN VIEW, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 988-4700
BRADLEY J. BAZUIN, PHD AF 98-157 |
| Title: | FREQUENCY HOPPING (FH) SIGNAL PREDICTION AND COUNTERMEASURES |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR proposal will investigate and develop techniques for detecting, identifying, tracing, predicting, and jamming Frequency Hopping (FH) signals. The techniques will be architected and tailored for hosting on an existing Radix Technologies demonstration unit, called Bumble Bee, that performs the detection, tracking, deinterleaving, and copy of FH emitters and requires only a single 19" rack-mounted chassis and a lap-top computer HMI. The Phase II activities will entail the constrcution of a new, upgraded Jamming Bumble Bee (J-BBee) system with the integration of the techniques defined in Phase I and the addition of a signal generator and power amplifier for transmission of the jamming waveform.The Jamming Bumble Bee capitalizes on a number of technical advances that Radix has developed to exploit the emerging spread spectrum communications threat. This effort is uniquely positioned to expand upon an existing electronic support (ES) FH system, quickly demonstrates an electronic attack (EA) capability for FH signals, and it will provide a demonstration and countermeasure application as they are developed. |
| ROBERT GOLD ASSOC.
10665 LA GRANGE AVENUE LOS ANGELES, CA 90025 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 470-3570
ROBERT GOLD AF 98-157 |
| Title: | FREQUENCY HOPPING (FH) SIGNAM PREDICTION AND COUNTERMEASURES |
| Abstract: | The objective of this study will be the exploitation of newly developed analytical concepts and algortihms for the design, development and software implementaton of a frequency hopping identification system. The hop identification capability of the system will be achieved by identifying the binary code being used by the hostile target. These identification techniques make use of real time measurements by the monitor of the times of arrival of relatively few transmissions of a single frequency among themany over which the target radio hops.The successful implementation of these techniques will allow the monitor to identify, track, demodulate or disrupt the frequency hopping communications link by constructing a frequency hopper which is equivalent to and synchronized to the one whose frequency hopping pattern is being observed. It is anticipated that the results of this program will lead to the development of a system which will be an effective complement to the current suite of US Airforce Electronic Countermeasure tools. |
| FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY, INC.
4141 COLONEL GLENN HIGHWAY BEAVERCREEK, OH 45431 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 429-3302
TERRY KELLER AF 98-158 |
| Title: | COMBAT IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES |
| Abstract: | Frontier Technology, Inc. and our Consultants Dr. Marvin Cohen (GTRI) and Dr. Steven Gustafson (UDRI) will develop several new Combat Identification and sensing concepts useful for combat air-air and air-ground identification. The sensing technique proposed is related to SAR and is called High Range Resolution Radar Low-Order-Tomography (HRRR-LOT). HRRR-LOT provides a way to extend the useful information content gathered by HRRR sensors by combining, either coherently or noncoherently, a limited number of pulses. The tactical advantage this affords is three-fold. It should provide stronger identification performance than standard HRRR and it will decrease the risky flight trajectory constraints required by SAR system in combat scenario. It gives SAR system another mode to use to ID moving targets. We will employ existing data from the DARPA MSTAR program to evaluate HRRR-LOT potential in Phase I. This will lay the ground work for Phase II where the goals are for additional development of a prototype system with Phase III support from JSF. Sensing is only one side of Combat ID technology. The other is identification algorithm technology. For this, we intend to investigate Dr. Gustafson's "Parsimonious Roughness Invoking Minimal Error" (PRIME) processing concept. |
| SOFTTHOUGHT, INC.
PO BOX 714 CHICKASHA, OK 73023 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(405) 222-2253
JOHN K JOHNSON AF 98-158 |
| Title: | A NEUROLOGICALLY-INSPIRED MODEL FOR COMBAT TARGET IDENTIFICATION |
| Abstract: | SoftThought, Inc. proposes to continue the development of our Advanced Cerebral Emulator (ACE) which models image input as loosely organized shapes. The model is neurologically inspired and reflects the information processing techniques thought to be involved in the human brain. We use our shape analysis system, the Blob Descriptor Language (BDL) to convert salient features of an image into reduced elements for a self-managed database. We then use a convergent neural network for processing this information, behavioral and functionality components which influence the decision-making processes and neural plates which store information about objects in the environment, actions that are available to the model and cause and effect relationsips between the neural plates. When combined with our object image processing, Fast Identification and Tracking (FIT) system , we will be able to identify individual objects in any orientation, with small databases of salient features rapidly in real-time with a microprocessor. We believe that this is tanamount in the preparation for the autonomous exploration of space. This appraoch will explore the use of autonomous vehicles in Phase II with our FIT system onboard to identify targets and will produce a general set of paradigms for fast, accurate and unique image processing. |
| ION OPTICS, INC.
411 WAVERLEY OAKS ROAD WALTHAM, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 788-8777
W ANDREW BODKIN AF 98-159 |
| Title: | HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGER FOR INFRARED REOMOTE SENSING |
| Abstract: | The Air Force needs a long range infrared imaging sensor suitable for tactical and reconnaissance applications in day and night. Ion Optics, Inc. has recently developed a hyperspectral infrared imaging system for use in detection chemical and biological warfare (CBW) agents. We propose to adapt the existing design to the identification of concealed, camouflaged, and deception (CC&D) targets. The resulting system would provide a finely resolved image of the subject which would be viewed through an infrared filter (etalon) whose bandpass can be electronically controlled. This unique capability would enable real time identification of CC&D targets by their infrared signatures regardless of their cloaking in the visible spectrum. And as the original system was designed for use in an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) it is lightweight, portable, and draws minimal power. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
50 MALL ROAD BURLINGTON, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-3388
DR. ALAN CHAO AF 98-160 |
| Title: | REFERENCE SYSTEM AND IMAGER RERGISTRATION PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR MULTI-PLATFORM OPERATIONS |
| Abstract: | We propose a comprehensive program for analyzing the performance of multi-source georegistration systems needed to support theater-wide sharing and fusing of information for Air Force platforms and missions. We have designed our program to build upon the work done under AFRL's Theater-wide Reference Information Management (TRIM) program. While TRIM has analyzed the accuracy of multi-source fusion for point features as a function of reference-system errors, a key assumption has been that the feature-correlation problem can be solved perfectly. We relax this assumption by replacing the idealized perfect correlator with a multi-source feature-matching image stages: (i) a geo-coding stage, through which reference-system errors propagate to yield geo-coding error, and (ii) an image-registration stage, through which geo-coding errors propagate to yield overall system errors. Because TRIM has already quantified the first-stage performance, we focus on quantifying the second-stage performance and on combining the performance. By this means, we assess current georegistration capabilities and identify potential enhancements to reference-system technology that could produce significant gains to fusion performance. |
| RAM LABORATORIES, INC.
119 N. El Camino Real Encinitas, CA 92024 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 793-3889
Robert McGraw AF 98-161 |
| Title: | Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL) Models for Backplane Open System |
| Abstract: | Because of the large costs associated with developing state-of-the-art systems, today's military has turned toward developing systems based on backplane open architecture standards. Developing systems based on such standards allows for the inclusion of commercial off-the-shelf components in the development of military systems. However, existing models which promote the top-down design and analysis of such systems are lacking, if not non-existent. The Phase I effort will lay the groundwork for the development of hardware models to support top-down development of backplane open system architectures. This effort will define the types of modeling paradigms, modeling targets, and bus protocols which will be required to support backplane open architecture design at various levels of design detail. |
| SDV, INC.
9 Trafalgar Square Nashua, NH 03063 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 889-1144
Bernard Deadman AF 98-162 |
| Title: | Enhanced Test Creation for Re-Engineering of Legacy Avionics Systems |
| Abstract: | SDV proposes to investigate the development of productivity enhancing tools for the comparison of re-engineered "clone" VHDL models with Legacy Avionics Hardware modules. This would be accomplished by the semi-automatic generation of additional functional test vectors. The proposed tool would identify VHDL constructs that have not been exercised during functional simulation. Additional test vectors would be created to exercise these constructs, as well as to propagate the response from these vectors to the module boundary. The response of the Legacy Hardware to these additional test vectors would be learnt and an enhanced VHDL testbench would be constructed which would be applied to the VHDL model to ensure its functional accuracy. The proposed tool would aim to substantially reduce rather than eliminate the requirement for skilled VHDL professionals during this clone validation process. Phase I objectives are to assess the feasibility of this approach and to assess the productivity enhancements to be derived from use of this solution. |
| CLIFTON LABS, INC.
3678 Fawnrun Drive Cincinnati, OH 45241 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(513) 563-0383
Darryl Dieckman AF 98-163 |
| Title: | DISCOE: DIstributed Simulatiion COllaborative Environment |
| Abstract: | Clifton Labs, Inc. proposes to develop a web-based hardvare/softvare co-design, distributed library, and distributed co-simulation environment, called DISCOE. The environment will use the SUAVE extensions to VHDL for design capture (specification) of hardvare/softvare systems. The SUAVE extensions seamlessly integrate with the current VHDL language standard and are necessary for effective software specification in a VHDL-based co-design/co-analysis environment. The DISCOE design environment will be web-based and will support distributed libraries and distributed co-simulation for distributed component development and intellectual property protection. DISCOE is the enabling technology needed to support distributed collaborative engineering and analysis of avionic hardvare/software systems and components. It enables the maintenance and use of online, distributed parts libraries to support competitive access to reusable parts and efficient component search capabilities to reduce the impact of electronic parts obsolescence. The Phase I objectives are to (1) establish the technical and commercialization feasibility of DISCOE, (2) produce preliminary design concepts and prototypes for the distributed design environment, and (3) evaluate OMI, VSI, AIRE, or alternative solutions in constructing the distributed, intellectual property preserving, component libraries. |
| RADIX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
329 N. BERNARDO AVENUE MOUNTAIN VIEW, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 988-4700
BRADLEY J. BAZUIM, PHD AF 98-164 |
| Title: | ALL-DIGITAL, ANTI-JAM, WIDE-BANDWIDTH, OPEN |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR program will define and architect on all-digital, Anti-Jam, Wide-Bandwidth, Open Architecture GPS Receiver (AJ-WOAGR) for detailed design and implementation during Phase II SBIR activities. The receiver design will focus on a flexible, open architecture design that can be used both as a developmental tool and as a stepping stone toward new generation of high density, low-cost GPS receivers with the appropriate mix of capabilities. As a development tool, the AJ-WOAGR will provide an open architecture for the analysis, test and demonstration of the new link-military (Lm) signal performance, the performance of various GPS jamming and spoofing techniques, the definition and performance analysis of various temporal, multi-antenna spatial, and combined temporal-spatial anti-jam techniques, and the detction, direction-fidning (DF) and geolocation of inadvertent or intentional GPS jammers and spoofers. Follow-on developments will allow the appropriate mixture of open-architecture components to be reduced using MCM, ASIC, and novel packaging technologies to small , high-density, low-cost components and entire receivers for both the military and commercial marketplace. |
| ZC&H DYNAMIC SYSTEMS, INC.
5608 MUSTER COURT AUSTIN, TX 78731 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 749-2804
JAMES CHAFFEE AF 98-164 |
| Title: | FREQUENCY DOMAIN AIDING MODULE AND FREQUENCY DOMAIN RECEIVER FOR FAST ACQUISITION HIGH ACCELERATION AND JAM RESISTANCE |
| Abstract: | The design and development of a digital signal processing based module to pre-process raw GPS data is proposed. Using frequency domain techniques to aid tracing loop, conventional receiver could maintain lock with narrow bandwidth at 90 g of acceleration and 90 g/s of jerk or more, as well as rapidly acquire the P(Y)-code directly. This technology has been studied and tested since the mid 1980s and is now ready for implementation as the next innovation in digital GPS. This approach also provides the ability to suppress jamming.This technology is also directly applicable to develoing a fully DSP-based frequency domain GPS receiver for high dynamcis and fast acquistion in jamming environments. Prototype receivers have been developed and tested for high dynamic tracking, and there was a frequency domain receiver for use on missiles developed and manufactured by a foreign nation. Frequency domain methods are also beginning t find there into new GPS receivers for fast, direct P(Y)-code acquisition in a jamming environment. However, there is a not single receiver that combines all these properties into a single unit, and this is proposed here as a follow on to the preprocessor, which would be a module the full receiver. |
| SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS COMPANY, INC.
500 WEST CUMMINGS PARK WOBURN, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 933-5355
B RAVICHANDRAN AF 98-165 |
| Title: | UNIFIED GENERALIZED BAYESIAL ACCRUAL OF EVIDENCE FOR DATA FUSION |
| Abstract: | The lack of a solid foundation for filtering and fusing "ambiguous" observations (e.g. features, natural-language statements, rules) has produced such a proliferation of techniques that current-generation evidence accrual suffers from the YARC ("Yet Another Rule fo Combination") syndrome. The proposed project addresses this problem by developing a unified, theoretically defensible, and computationally tractable paradigm that will ultimately permit the simultaneous estimation of target numbers, identities, and kinematics based on the systematic accrual of all types of evidence, including: random point data, ambiguous obseravations, and image data. Our approach, which we call Bayesian Multisource, Multi-target, Multi-evidence Filtering (or Bayesian multi-filtering (BMF) for short), is a direct generalization of recursive Bayes-Markov nonlinear filtering (NLF) theory. BMF generalized NLF to: (1) multiple targets of unknown number, identity, and kinematics, observed by multiple sensors, including (2) sensors which collect image data; and (3) sources which collect ambiguous observations. Specific Phase I tasks are: (1) Develop or acquire simulated multi-source data for multi sensor sources. (2) Develop multi-source, multi-target, multi-evidene unified evidence accrual algortihms. (3) Test and evaluate the novel evidence accrual algorithms. (4) Statistically characterize the performance error of the novel algorithms. (5) Final report and Phase II recommendations. Phase II will further develop the chosen evidence accrual paradigm and evaluate it using appropriate metrics. The project team includes Dr. Ronald Mahler of Lockheed Martin and Dr. Anuj Srivastava, both originators of BMF algorithms. Lockheed Martin will provde technical and commercialization support in the application of BMF. |
| SYSTRAN CORP.
4126 Linden Avenue Dayton, OH 45432 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 252-5601
Dr. Joseph A. Fernando AF 98-166 |
| Title: | VHDL Models for ATM Protocol Stack |
| Abstract: | Systran Corporation, a product development company with four product lines that are marketed worldwide, and EDAptive, are proposing to handle the task of developing models for the ATM protocol stack. We are proposing to develop all parameterized models that are required to meet the needs of a ATM systems designer. These parameterized models will be such that all the quality of service parameters can be computed easily for a given set of resources. Conversely, when the quality of service parameters are given, the resources that are required to sustain the quality of service can be computed. Special effort would be given to verify and validate the implemented models. |
| LINCOM CORP.
5110 W. Goldleaf Circle Los Angeles, CA 90056 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(213) 293-3001
Philip S. Kossin AF 98-167 |
| Title: | An Optimized Turbo Codec |
| Abstract: | LinCom proposes the design of a codec (encoder-decoder) VLSI product using the Turbo codes which will overcome the latency and BER floors which have been associated with these codes. We are proposing a new innovative technique which will hopefully provide performance comparable to Turbo codes but without the delay and complexity penalties. The resulting product would provide BER's below 10-9 with modest latency and complexity and high coding gain. The Phase I effort will consist of: a) performing a trade study of possible codes designs; b) select a limited number of candidate designs based on BER performance, data throughput, and latency; and c) select the candidate design which is most suitable for implementation in VLSI hardware. Some of the areas to be investigated include the Turbo Interleaver size and type, the types of CC's and their code rates, serial vs parallel concatenation, puncturing method, and the structure of the interleavers. Also to be investigated will be the complexity of the implementation, the required computational speed, and gate count. |
| ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY MATERIALS, INC.
7 COMMERCE DRIVE DANBURY, CT 06810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 794-1100
ROBERT P VAUDO AF 98-168 |
| Title: | LOW DEFECT DENSITY GaN PHOTODIODE |
| Abstract: | GaN-based p-i-n photodiodes are in ideal choice for the Air Force's UV radiation measurements needs since these solid-state detectors are compact, light, and have low power consumption. However, current GaN photodiodes have much larger dark currents than expected. This Phase I program seeks to dramatically improve the current state of GaN photodiodes by employing low dislocation density epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELO) substrates. The ELO substrates will be produced by hydride vapor phase epitaxy which provides a growth rate approximately 50 times faster than conventional growth techniques and will enable uniformly low dislocation density over large areas. High quality p-i-n diodes will be fabricated on the ELO substrates and on sapphire to detemine the effect of dislocation density of detector performance. In Phase II, we will optimize the structure for increased responsivity and response time, shift the wavelength cutoff to shorter wavelengths by using AlGaN, and identify a commercial partner to package the detectors for high-volume sale of UV detectos. |
| ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GROUP, INC.
11020 SOLWAY SCHOOL RD KNOXVILLE, TN 37931 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(423) 927-3717
MR JAMES G CARTER AF 98-168 |
| Title: | NOVEL INFRARED PHOTON DETECTOR |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a new kind of photon detectors based on the photo-induced stress in semiconductor microcantilevers. We will measure the photo-induced stress for various semiconductor materials as a function of a number of parameters such as microcantilever geometry (length, width, thickness), input radiant power, and modulation frequency of input radiant power. This information will allow us to demonstrate the ability of microcantilever photon detectors to sense IR radiation with high sensitivity (D* > 10(11) cm Hz(1/2) W(-1)) and fast response times (<10(-6) s) based on the novel concept described in this proposal. The proposed IR photon detector has the following benefits compared to other IR detectors: (i) no cryogenic cooling, (ii) fast response times, (iii) high sensitivity, (iv) no need for thermal isolation, and (v) low cost due to established monolithic IC fabrication compatibility. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 SECOND AVE WALTHAM, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4165
DR MOSHE OREN AF 98-168 |
| Title: | INNOVATIVE ELECTRO-OPTIC DEVICE TECHNOLOGY FOR MILITARY UNIQUE DEVICES |
| Abstract: | Packaging of optoelectronic devices and circuits represents a substantial portion of the cost of photonic systems and provides a major obstacle to their widespread use. A new approach to significantly increase the level of monolithic integration of optoelectronic systems is the subject of this proposed development. Foster-Miller, working in close collaboration with Professor Stephen Forrest's group in the Center for Photonics and Optoelectronic Materials (POEM) at Princeton University, proposes to develop an InP based multifunctional, photonic integrated circuit platform technology which is capable of a very broad range of system applications. The proposed OEIC's technology uses a modified twin waveguide laser design which allows for fault tolerant fabrication, and capable of integrating on the same substrate an arbitrary number of lasers, waveguides, semiconductor optical amplifiers and modulators. Both growth processing, and packaging of the platform structure are simple and robust, allowing for large-scale integration of optical and electronic devices. The proposed approach will enable the rapid introduction into the commercial and military markets of emerging high performance photonic systems, optically controlled RF phase arrays systems, parallel optical interconnects, and EO switching. |
| SCHWARTZ ELECTRO-OPTICS, INC.
135 South Road Bedford, MA 99010 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-9535
Kevin J. Snell AF 98-169 |
| Title: | Solid State Laser Projector Demonstration Employing an OPO-based RGB Source |
| Abstract: | The key element in realizing compact and rugged laser projectors is an efficient and reliable, diode-pumped solid-state RGB laser source. In this work, we proposed to develop an efficient diode-pumped RGB laser source based on a green-pumped OPO. The OPO signal wavelength is around 940 nm and the idler wavelength is around 1230nm. The signal and idler outputs are then frequency-doubled to produce blue light around 470 nm and red light around 615 nm. |
| SY TECHNOLOGY, INC.
4900 University Square Huntsville, AL 35816 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(205) 859-1886
Dr. Peter S. Erbach AF 98-170 |
| Title: | Full-Complex Wavefront Generation for 3-D Volumetric Holographic Displays |
| Abstract: | High-speed computer and high resolution display technology have advanced to the point that two dimensional (2-D) display technologies present more information than can be efficiently used. Advanced computer and display technologies have been combined with advances in spatial light modulation (SLM) technology to provide the user 3-D image cues. SY Technology proposes an innovative technique to demonstrate 3-D "volumetric" display technology by generating full-complex amplitude optical wavefronts using 2-D SLMs. SY technology will accomplish this by combining two specialized high-speed 2-D pixelated devices (LCD), each separately modulating amplitude or phase, into an architecture generating the full-complex amplitude of an optical wavefront. Users can then combine an object's shape and complex reflectivity to determine the optical complex wavefront reflected from an object. In related DARPA supported work, SY Tech. is constructing a phase-only diffractive projection television using rapid computation algorithms to convert video data into equivalent diffraction patterns. These patterns are then displayed on and demonstrate generation of calculated full-complex amplitude wavefronts. We will also analyze methods of extending the SLM technology to support future commercialization of this innovative approach. |
| DEFENSE RESEARCH ASSOC., INC.
5339 HUBERVILLE AVENUE DAYTON, OH 45431 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 254-3655
RALPH NIETER AF 98-171 |
| Title: | NEW FALSE ALARM REDUCTION TECHNIQUES FOR INFRARED MISSILE WARNING SYSTEMS |
| Abstract: | The objective of this effort is to develop a low cost infrared countermeasures sytem to protect commercial aircraft from shoulder launched, infrared guided missiles. DRA proposes to harness leading edge technologies to detect, track and counter these lethal threats. The proposed concept incorporates low cost visual technologies for detection and tracking of missiles and a minin-gimbal technology for the pointing of low cost semiconductor lasers. Candidate sensor are evaluated for the ability to address this probelm. Critical sensor parameters to be considered include the detection range, backgrond clutter, detection envelope, processing time and detection reliability. Selected candidate sensors will be taken to the field for collection of raw signature and background data. The operational requirements will be exhaustively scrubbed though the iterative application of a structured dialog with the User community. A top level system design and a defining system specification for a low cost infrared countermeasures system are the two key products. |
| TRITON SERVICES, INC.
4027 COLONEL GLENN HIGHWAY DAYTON, OH 45431 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 427-4264
JAMES UTT AF 98-171 |
| Title: | NEW FALSE ALARM REDUCTION TECHNIQUES FOR IRMWS |
| Abstract: | The classical methods for rejecting false targets in airborne infrared missile warning sytems, include spatial, spectral, temporal and angle tracking techniques, have been explored on numerous development programs are currently inherent in operational IR missile warning systems such as the AN/AAR-44. However, flight tests have shown that there are still a number of ground sources that will create false alarms in the sytem. Furthermore, the use of amplitude growth in target signal has not proven to be reliable method of determining if the detected source is an approaching missle. The proposed effort will evaluate the use of a class of unique spatio tempora algorithms called Optical Flow to distinguish real threats from false alarms. It takes advantage of the difference in characteristics between a source that is moving in the MWS field of view as the aircraft flies toward it and a missile that is approaching the aircraft at a much faster rate than the ground source. The OFA algorithm proposed will also take advantage of the chagnes in range and range rate of the missile and not rely on the change in amplitude as the potential threat approaches. The proposed program will evaluate the OFA on a UNIX workstation using the data recorded during the flight test of the SNJW IR MWS testbed. This testbed employs a Galileo 256x 256 insb digital sensor and provides a credible model for future IR MWS sensors using 2DFPAs. Should the OFA technique prove effective against current data, it is proposed in Phase II to conduct field and flight trials using the SNJW testbed. This will result in a live fire test plan to be implemented in Phase III. Since this sensor may be integrated into the LIFE laser IRCM program, the successful implementation of the OFA will also benefit that program. The purpose of Phase III will be to develop a preproduction model of an IR MWS employing the OFA, that has the resolution and sensitivity needed to detect modern threats at ranges sufficient for engagement by a direct energy countermeasures system such as that being developed on the LIFE program. |
| AZTEX, INC.
303 BEAR HILL ROAD WALTHAM, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 622-5529
JOHN HARRIS AF 98-172 |
| Title: | Enabling Criteria for Flaw Tolerant Composite Design |
| Abstract: | The implementation of composites in the aerospace industry has been limited because of the inherent unpredictability of composite structure failures. Typically, very conservative designs are saddled with requirements for fail safe fasteners resulting in heavy and expensive structures. Many recent designs such as F-22 began with large percentages of composite structures, but eventually became primarily metallic designs because of these considerations. To fully realize the benefits of composites on high performance aircraft, more flaw tolerant joints must be implemented. Z-Fiber and 3D weaving technologies represent a fundamentally new way to produce large, unitized composite structures. Using Z-Fiber, co-cured joints can be manufactured which are inherently flaw tolerant and do not require additional fail-safe measures to be taken. However, to date, the implementation of Z-Fiber technology has been hobbled by the current industry design criteria that were developed for 2D composites. With the advent of the new Joint Service Structures Specification, a clear set of enabling criteria have been developed which delineate the requirements for co-cured and co-bonded structures on military aircraft. These criteria now provide a clear path to developing the data necessary to implement Z-Fiber and other 3D technologies. The purpose of this program is to begin the process of gathering data to demonstrate that Z-Fiber reinforcement provides a flaw and damage tolerant joint that meets the requirements of the Joint Service Structures Specification. |
| MATERIALS RESEARCH & DESIGN, INC.
1024 E. LANCASTER AVE. ROSEMONT, PA 19010 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 526-9541
DR. BRIAN J. SULLIVAN AF 98-172 |
| Title: | Enabling Criteria Development for Unitized Composite Structure Joints Containing Textile Reinfored Inserts |
| Abstract: | The proposed Phase I effort is aimed at the development of damage tolerant design and failure criteria for joints containing 3-D weave reinforced inserts in composite structures. Recent work involving the use of textile reinforced inserts in the contraction of typical airframe joints well beyond the load at which damage is initiated. Current design practices are conservative and do not allow joints to be loaded beyond first cracking loads. The ultimate goal of this effort is to generate new damage tolerant design guidelines for joints of this type which utilize their strength reserves. This will allow the overall weight of airframes constructed using these joints to be significantly reduced. A combined analytical and experimental program is proposed here. The analytical portion will be performed by MR&D using technically mature micromechanical tools and public domain finite element stress analysis codes. Existing experimental data on joints with textile reinforced inserts available from the AFRL/VAS program entitled, "Robust Composite Sandwich Structures," will be used extensively to benchmark predicted results. Additional sub-element joint testing will be performed as required to supplement the database. Albany International Research Company will weave 3-D reinforced inserts and fabricate the sub-element joints. Boeing (St Louis) will assist in identifying design requirements and geometry for two Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) applications, designing composite joint test specimens representative of JSF structural applications, identifying test specimens loading requirements, and in the evaluation of test results. |
| CREARE, INC.
PO BOX 71 HANOVER, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
DR. MICHAEL G. IZENSON AF 98-173 |
| Title: | Hybrid Convector/Radiator for High Altitude UAVs |
| Abstract: | The objective of this project is to enable unmanned aircraft to fly at higher altitudes with larger payloads for longer-duration missions using turbocharged, internal combustion engines. Heat rejection typically limits the performance of these aircraft. We propose to develop a compact, lightweight heat rejection system that provides intercooling for the multi-stage turbocharging system and engine cooling. Innovative heat exchangers and optical coatings enable the aircraft to make optimal use of thermal radiation and ram-air for heat rejection. In Phase I we prove the feasibility of this system through design and analysis of the system components. |
| THERMACORE, INC.
780 EDEN RD LANCASTER, PA 17601 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(717) 569-6551
ALFRED L. PHILLIPS AF 98-173 |
| Title: | Hybrid LHP/Composite Heat Rejection Panels for UAV |
| Abstract: | Ongoing work should lead to a flight test of a Loop Heat Pipe based anti icing system in late 1998 or early 1999 aboard the Global Hawk UAV. The Loop Heat Pipe condenser tubing will be integrated into the composite skin of the engine inlet cowl. This essentially turns the composite skin into a radiator panel. The proposed program will address and quantify the use of these panels as heat rejection radiators. Such radiator panels can be applied to most of the upper surface of the aircraft and are equally suited for convective or radiative heat rejection. The concept supports a self-contained by-pass system which will autonomously switch in additional panels as the system temperature rises in response to diminished convective heat loss with altitude so the system will passively maintain operating temperature limits. The avionics compartment of the Global Hawk is presently cooled by pumping fuel through the compartment. The proposed system will keep the fuel out of the avionics compartment and also increase operating margins for end-of-mission conditions. |
| AEROSOFT, INC.
1872 PRATT DR BLACKSBURG, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 231-8117
DR. ANDREW G. GODFREY AF 98-174 |
| Title: | Multi-Variable Sensitivity Technology for Enhancing Future Aircraft |
| Abstract: | Recent advancements in both computational efficiency and physical-modeling capabilities have increased the utility of computational fluid dynamics in the vehicle-design process. However, beyond knowing the aerodynamic characteristics of a fixed configuration, the vehicle designer is interested in how to change the design to improve speed and maneuverability. Recent research into the sensitivity-equation approach has demonstrated the ability to efficiently predict flow tendencies and determine stability derivatives in the framework of a high-order aerodynamic optimization. The procedure numerically solves linear partial differential equations for the sensitivities themselves instead of differentiating the discretized fluid-dynamic equations. However, to date, no commercial software is available which solves these valuable and insightful equations for viscous, compressible, chemically reacting flow.We propose a stand-alone software package that solves the sensitivity equations with direct application to analysis of unconventional aircraft. The proposed sensitivity software can be used with any CFD flow solver: Commercial, public domain, or research-level. |
| AEROVIRONMENT, INC.
222 EAST HUNTINGTON DR. MONROVIA, CA 91016 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 357-9983
DR. PAUL B. MACCREADY AF 98-174 |
| Title: | Skytote: An Innovative Aircraft with Unique Performance Capabilities |
| Abstract: | The Skytote concept has emerged from a system analysis seeking a remotely/ autonomously controlled air vehicle for transporting materials -- a vehicle system that emphasizes simplicity, economy, and versatility. In one version it is envisioned as a "virtual convertiplane" (weighing less than 250 lbs) that does not require any physical conversion of configuration going from vertical takeoff to high speed cruise and back with a payload exceeding 400 lbs. It is propeller driven, but no cyclic pitch is needed, and, in the most preferred embodiment, the propeller has fixed pitch. With a wing spanning 20 feet or less, it operates even in fog (but not icing conditions) from a ship or a tiny clearing on shore. |
| HIGH TECHNOLOGY CORP.
28 RESEARCH DRIVE HAMPTON, VA 23666 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 865-0818
MUJEEB R. MALIK AF 98-174 |
| Title: | A Novel Computational Tool for Transition Prediction over Hypersonic Vehicles |
| Abstract: | Laminar to turbulent transition phenomenon in hypersonic flows remains poorly understood although it has a profound impact on the thermal protection system weight, vehicle drag and air-breathing engine performance. Transition location uncertainty forces designers to be conservative by adding weight and reducing thrust. Accurate prediction techniques are needed since existing applicable transition databases are insufficient and validated arbitrary configuration prediction codes are non-existent. It is proposed to develop a novel computational tool for hypersonic transition prediction which can account for environmental effects. The computational tool can not only capture the complex physical phenomenon, but also is computationally efficient and, therefore, has the potential of becoming a design tool for aerospace vehicles of the 21st century. |
| HIGH TECHNOLOGY CORP.
28 RESEARCH DRIVE HAMPTON, VA 23666 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 865-0818
LOUIS N. CATTAFESTA, III AF 98-174 |
| Title: | Advanced Actuator Systems for Separation Control |
| Abstract: | The development of actuators suitable for boundary-layer separation control is proposed. The Phase I effort focuses on the analysis, design, fabrication, and benchtop testing of prototype systems. The actuators will generate disturbances that are large enough to significantly influence the performance of a high-lift system but will be energy efficient and small enough so that multiple actuators can be imbedded in an airfoil. A follow-on Phase II study will incorporat the best actuators into a high-lift airfoil system for detailed wind tunnel tests. The significance of this modular actuator subsystem is that it has the potential to be incorporated into the design of high-lift systems, ultimately leading to real-time separation control. Recent research has shown that various actuator types are capable of successfully achieving boundary-layer control, yet such actuators are currently impractical for larger-scale implementation. The approach here is innovative in the application of advanced piezoelectric technology. The proposed system may be applied to the design of virtually any fluid system that endeavors to either prevent separation or promote mixing, such as airfoils, nozzles, and diffusers. |
| BIHRLE APPLIED RESEARCH, INC.
18 RESEARCH DR. HAMPTON, VA 23666 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 766-2416
DAVID R. GINGRAS AF 98-175 |
| Title: | A Compreshensive Approach to the Development of Multivehicle Aerodynamics Simulation Models |
| Abstract: Abstract not available... | |
| DYNAMIC CONTROLS, INC.
7060 CLIFFWOOD PL DAYTON, OH 45424 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 255-4050
MR. BRUCE RAYMOND AF 98-175 |
| Title: | In-Service Health Monitoring of Flight Control Actuators |
| Abstract: | The ability to monitor the operating characteristics of flight control actuators with embedded microprocessors is now feasible and cost effective. Although central computers can be used for the purpose, there are significant advantages in using a health monitoring system incorporated in the flight control actuators. The advantages include reducing the communication load with the central computer and retaining the performance history with the actuator.This proposal establishes a methodology for implementing a health monitoring system for hydraulic and electrical flight actuators. |
| ETREMA PRODUCTS, INC.
2500 NORTH LOOK DRIVE AMES, IA 50010 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(515) 296-7999
CHARLES B. BRIGHT AF 98-175 |
| Title: | Integrated Electric Actuator Application to Flight Control Technology |
| Abstract: | For current aircraft, hydraulic power is the preferred method of gaining mechanical advantage. Due to its distributed nature and system redundancy requirements, the power comes with the penalty of high weight, cost, and maintenance. ETREMA proposes to develop a magnetostrictive TERFENOL-D driven pump element and active flow control valves to power an electrohydraulic actuator packaged as a self-contained, unitized device, for remote location at the point of actuation. Unique features include bi-directional flow control, elimination of servovalves, and no rotating inertial dynamics. In building such an actuator, a critcal task is matching fluid and TERFENOL-D impedance characteristics which in turn determine pump chamber and TERFENOL-D transducer geometry. The proposed research will define the preliminary pump concept, determine its feasibility, and define its requirements including the environment in which it must perform. An integrated numerical model of the TERFENOL-D transducers, pump, valves, and fluid volumes will be developed to predict performance. A successful effort will ultimately yield a concept for an affordable miniature actuator capable of locally actuating high response changes such as fighter/attack aircraft control surfaces. |
| SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
13766 S.HAWTHORNE BLVD. HAWTHORNE, CA 90250 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 679-2281
DAVID H. KLYDE AF 98-175 |
| Title: | Development of a Pilot Assessment Software System |
| Abstract: | Pilots come from varying backgrounds in terms of training, experience, and aircraft flown. Researchers often classify pilots as "high gain" or "low gain" based on a demonstrated level of aggressiveness in a common task. These simple classifications, however, do not begin to explain the variability often encountered in piloted evaluations. The objective of the proposed SBIR is to provide real time assessment metrics to gauge the ratings assigned by pilots. Frequency domain techniques will be applied to relevant pilot inputs to estimate the significant parameters that influence pilot ratings when performing high gain, closed-loop tasks. Specific techniques include the fast-Fourier transform that will be used to generate real time power spectral densities (PSD) of the pilot's input. The PSD will then be used to estimate relevant parameters including pilot gain, crossover and cutoff frequency, and pilot lead. This effort will lead to software and testing techniques that will integrate with existing simulators and flight test facilities, remotely-piloted vehicle ground stations, and future uninhabited combat air vehicle operator stations. The resulting Pilot Assessment Software System or PASS will allow researchers to make on-line adjustments to their experimental design as pilot ratings are compared to quantitative results at the end of each evaluation. |
| UNISTRY ASSOC., INC.
1901 DARBY RD HAVERTOWN, PA 19083 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 851-1313
DR. RONALD L. HINRICHSEN AF 98-176 |
| Title: | Characterizing Aeroacoustic/Combustion Loads on Aging Aircraft |
| Abstract: | A program is proposed that will estimate aerodynamic flow induced and unsteady pressure oscillations in flight that will provide the dynamic loads for structural vibration response to aging aircraft. The engineering prediction technique, which is based on first principals, provides for a close-form solution and has been validated for subsonic, transonic, and supersonic flows subject to attached and separated flow conditions. The methodology correctly describes the acoustic power intensity and spectra required for fatigue analysis and structural response for aging aircraft repair/maintenance while providing specifications for structural requirements for new platform designs.The focus of the research is to develop a database of attached and separated flows generated by control surface interactions, cavities, engine inlet/combustion/nozzle, and exhaust plume (screech). The database will be formatted into a CD-ROM for application to the aging aircraft community. The CD-ROM will include analysis, database, tables of design parameters to execute the analysis, example cases and user guide. Support of this program will be provided by Boeing-St Louis. It is further proposed to reach a large segment of the aging aircraft community through the Internet to allow collection of data, dissemination of data, and to provide a vehicle for feedback on aging aircraft problems. |
| GENEVA AEROSPACE, INC.
PO Box 613018 Dallas, TX 75261 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(972) 317-3124
David A. Felio AF 98-177 |
| Title: | Examination of an Integrated Autopilot Design for Simplified UAV Flight Control |
| Abstract: | In order to be truly versatile, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Systems must be usable to individuals who's training is more focused on the requirements of a given mission or on the usability of the payload, rather than on the aviation of the air vehicle. This suggests that flight control systems must respond to higher level, more intuitive remote commands such as "go left", "go right", "climb", or "dive". Modern embedded guidance and control processing methods such as those used for autonomously guided cruise missiles or advanced military aircraft demonstrate that low-level stick-and-rudder commands can be eliminated as a requirement on the remote operator. In addition to a more intuitive command-response autopilot, Geneva Aerospace has developed a design which allows the integration of intuitive "mission-level" remote commands into the guidance system, significantly reducing the work-load on the operator as it pertains to the aviation of the UAV. The guidance system is evaluated on the Freewing Tilt-Body airframe, which provides unique inherent acamera stabilization and "Extremely" Short Take-off and Landing properties. The integrated guidance design and systems engineering approach proposed provides a modular core structure that can easily be upgraded and can grow with increasing technology. |
| M. TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
440 HORSHAM RD, SUITE 1 HORSHAM, PA 19006 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 322-3057
ROGER M. BIRKBECK AF 98-178 |
| Title: | Active Pitch Copntrol for Improved Weapon Separation Characteristics |
| Abstract: | A new class of miniaturized munitions will play a key role in future warfighting scenarios by providing precision strikes to an array of high-value targets. To meet this need, weapons such as the Small Bomb System (SBS), Low Cost Autonomous Attack System (LOCAAS) and Miniature Air Launched Decoy (MALD) represent a new generation of small, low-cost weapon systems currently under development. Deployment of these weapons from internal weapon bays of advanced tactical aircraft, such as the F-22, F-117A, and JSF poses new engineering challenges and drives the need to further the science of weapons carriage and release. A change in the "brute-force" ejection paradigm is needed in order to provide safe separation of these new weapon systems from internal weapons bays. Understanding and controlling how weapons will react to the flow within the weapons bay environment is essential in providing a high confidence of safe separation. This proposal demonstrates a concept that will provide the desired result of improved safe separation. Active Pitch Control utilizes real-time aircraft data to predict flow characteristics, particularly the turbulent shear layer. Based on this prediction, the system reacts to provide an optimum pitch attitude to the weapon during ejection. Alignment of the weapon with the shear layer will significantly minimize adverse aerodynamic moments and thus providing the weapon with significantly improved separation characteristics. |
| ORBITAL RESEARCH, INC.
11000 CEDAR AVE STE 461 CLEVELAND, OH 44106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(216) 791-6749
FREDERICK LISY, PH.D AF 98-178 |
| Title: | Smart Surface for Flow Control |
| Abstract: | A smart surface, containing microelectromechanical devices (MEMS), able to enhance the performance capabilities of weapons systems, will be designed, fabricated and tested. The prototype smart surface will consist of an adaptive/predictive controller, an integrated array of microsensors and Deployable Micro-Vortex Generators (DMVGs). The smart surface will be tested on an airfoil where sensors will be able to discern flow conditions indicative of flow separation and deploy the DMVGs. In response, the DMVGs will generate vortices into the freestream, energizing the boundary layer. The DMVGs will make the flow less susceptible to separate from the surface of the airfoil, inhibiting stall and providing additional lift for the aircraft. The smart surface will be able to retract the DMVGs, subtracting the drag caused by the passive vortex generators during normal cruise flight.The engineering prototype will be tested in Phase I at the subsonic wind tunnel at the Ohio State University. The control strategy used to prevent separation will be determined. During this program, the controller will demonstrate its ability to actuate the DMVGs in response to sensor inputs regarding flow conditions incipient to surface flow separation. The ability to control the flow will be determined by flow visualization techniques utilizing laser sheets and time-averaged surface pressure measurements on the airfoil. |
| INNOVATIVE MACHINE DESIGN
9391 QUAIL RIDGE RUN BRIGHTON, MI 48114 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(810) 229-5946
Anjan Sabbani AF 98-180 |
| Title: | Adaptive Compliant Wing |
| Abstract: | Traditionally, engineered artifacts are designed to be strong and stiff. Designs in nature are strong but not stiff - they are compliant. Although nature thrives on use of compliance, the engineering world has traditionally limited itself to rigid structures and mechanisms. Practical solutions can be developed by exploiting preferred effects of compliance. Majority of current research in adaptive structures embraces the traditional notion of deploying a plethora of actuators (distributed actuation) within a stiff structure to simulate compliant behavior in an adaptive airfoil. Scalability and reliability of such distributed actuation methods is questionable. If the underlying structure is designed to be inherently compliant, then the resulting design will require fewer actuators and simpler controls.The proposed Adaptive Compliant Wind (ACW) concept relies on distributed compliance rather than distributed actuation. The ACW potentially offers significant advantages in terms of unitized light-weight construction actuated by a single conventional electric motor, high strain and force capabilities, low power requirements, excellent packaging efficiency, no heat generation, excellent dynamic response, low hysteresis and can be tailored for force or displacement amplification. The ACW concept is a new approach and a scaleable solution to the problem of achieving desired shape changes in airfoils. The ACW eliminates discrete control surfaces since the mechanism is contained within the airfoil. |
| VERICON, INC.
2257 SOUTH 1000 EAST SALT LAKE CITY, UT 84106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 485-4991
OWEN D. BRIMHALL AF 98-180 |
| Title: | Adaptive Wing Actuators |
| Abstract: | The objective of this project is to develop new electrically conductive phase-change polymer actuators for shape control of aircraft structures and active aerodynamics. Phase I will develop new large deflection, modular actuator concepts applicable to adaptive plate structures. New electrically conductive thermopolymers are inexpensive, nonbrittle, lightweight and provide large volume change. Unlike piezoceramic devices, the thermopolymer material can freely fill complex shapes. This project will study biomimetic configurations arrayed with micro-voids or channels filled with thermoactuating polymer to induce strain. The technology will be compatible with surface bonded application and embedded composite structures. Prototype actuator concepts will be modeled, designed, fabricated, and tested in Phase I. New concepts developed in Phase I will be compared with existing shape memory, piezoelectric, and magnetostrictive technologies. |
| ZONA TECHNOLOGY, INC.
7430 E. STETSON DRIVE SCOTTSDALE, AZ 85251 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(602) 945-9198
PING CHIH CHEN AF 98-180 |
| Title: | A Variable Stiffness Spar (VSS) Approach for Aircraft Maneuver Enhancement |
| Abstract: Abstract not available... | |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 SECOND AVE. WALTHAM, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4047
DR. PAUL O. HAUGSJAA AF 98-181 |
| Title: | Optical Flight Actuator Control |
| Abstract: | An innovative concept for the photonic control of electrical flight control actuators is proposed for this Phase I development. Telecommunications-style dense WDM (wavelength division multiplexing) demultiplexers are utilized to provide separate control for multiple semiconductor electrical switches to control the 270 VDC power to the actuators in a way that dramitically increases circuit immunity to EMI. |
| OZ ELECTRO-OPTICS, INC.
2043 DE MAYO RD. DEL MAR, CA 92014 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 481-0218
OVED ZUCKER AF 98-181 |
| Title: | Advanced Fly-By-Light Control of Electric Flight Control Actuator |
| Abstract: | We propose a high speed bipolar power semiconductor whose on/off operation is directly controlled by fiber coupled laser pulses for driving flight control motors. The direct light activation results in a) an increase in the switching power and speed of the device over the IGBT, which will reduce the size and weight of the motor control system, b) in a virtually noise immune motor control system. Control light pulses are delivered through fibers traveling in alternate paths through the structure to control the on - off operation of the power semiconductor in a logic or function directly. Thus, the presence of a signal from any or all of the fibers will cause the same switching action, thereby providing battle hardened configurations without additional signal processing. |
| ACTIVE CONTROL EXPERTS, INC.
215 FIRST STREET CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 577-0700
SHOKO YOSHIKAWA AF 98-184 |
| Title: | Electronically Shunted Smart Material Damper Packages for Extreme Environments |
| Abstract: | ACX proposes an alternate approach to damping for extreme environments, which uses an electrically shunted, surface mounted, smart material. This shunting approach has been most widely used in less extreme environments in conjunction with piezoceramic materials. The smart material is bonded to the surface of the target structure, in this case a part inside an aircraft engine. Stress on the part is transferred to the piezoelectric. This in turn produces an electrical potential at the electrodes. By discharging the voltage through an electrical network, damping can be accomplished. For the resistive-inductive (RL) network, the result is the electrical equivalent of a tuned mass damper.The frequency selectivity of an electrically shunted smart material can be tailored to the specific application needs through the selection of the electronic shunt components. Robust, broad band or dramatic narrow band reduction be achieved. The advantages of such a proposed shunted smart material damping system include the flexibility to place it in a range of rotating and non-rotating environments, its ability to withstand large stresses with limited creep, the robustness of ceramic materials at high temperature, and its frequency selectivity.Phase I will design, fabricate and test an electronically shunted smart material damper package for extreme environments based on ACX's QuickPack technology, which encapsulates the piezoceramics in a protective skin. |
| DAMPING TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
12970 MCKINLEY HIGHWAY UNIT IX MISHAWAKA, IN 46545 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(513) 779-2237
MR.TOM LEWIS AF 98-184 |
| Title: | Investigation of Air Film Damping |
| Abstract: | This project will conduct experiments and perform analyses to determine the feasibility and methods for reducing or eliminating high cycle fatigue failures in gas turbine engine turbine blades and other components through the employment of air film damping techniques. Specifically, this project will investigate the efforts of air film damping on the dynamic behavior and modal damping of flat cantilever beams and plates. The effects of several plate and air film parameters on damping performance will be examined. The project will also evaluate the effectivenes of plate fabrication methods, such as bonding, brazing or welding, on airfilm damping performance. |
| GASL, INC.
77 RAYNOR AVE RONKONKOMA, NY 11779 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(516) 737-6100
DR. WALLACE CHINITZ AF 98-185 |
| Title: | Fire Suppression by the Selective Excitation of Critical Species |
| Abstract: | A unique, innovative concept is proposed to suppress fires, which does not involve the use of any deleterious material whatever. This concept, when developed into a portable device used in accordance with a protocol to be developed as part of the proposed program, results in an increase in the ignition delay time of hydrocarbon-based flames by many orders-of-magnitude, effectively self-extinguishing the flame or permitting the use of innocuous, conventional flame-extinguishing methods. The approach is based on the fact that the kinetic chain mechanism describing the finite-rate oxidation of hydrocarbon-air mixtures can be diverted into slow-reacting side chains by the introduction of water dissociation products, coupled with the use of selective laser radiation to excite the species that divert the kinetic mechanism into the side chains. As a result, halon 1301 can be replaced by a method involving nothing more than the introduction of water and laser irradiation, perhaps followed by a conventional smothering technique to ensure that no re-ignition of the fire occurs. |
| M.L. ENERGIA, INC.
PO BOX 470 PRINCETON, NJ 08542 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 799-7970
DR. MOSHE LAVID AF 98-185 |
| Title: | Fire Suppression by Spectrally Selective Light Radiation |
| Abstract: | The continuous search for alternatives to halons as fire suppressants, necessitated by the Montreal Protocol ban on ozone depleting substances, has yielded a few potential replacements. However, these chemically acting agents still pose unresolved toxicity questions and/or are not as effective as halons.This Phase I proposal offers a revolutionary approach to suppress fire by exposure to spectrally selective light. To meet this objective, a four-task work plan is proposed. It includes: (1) Prospective light wavelength(s) for fire suppression will be identified from spectroscopic investigation of light emission from a corona discharge induced by electromagnetic pulse which has already exhibited fire extinction capabilities; (2) Computer modeling will be utilized to assist in the selection of the most promising wavelength(s); (3) Hydrocarbon flames established over a Bunsen burner and/or a counterflow apparatus will be exposed to laser light at the selected wavelengths. Fire suppression will be quantified in terms of reduction is burning velocity (Bunsen) and/or stain rate (counterflow); and (4) A conceptional design of a fire suppression prototype will be rendered based on the experimental and modeling results.Successful demonstration of the principle along with a fundamental understanding of the underlying mechanisms for fire suppression by light will provide a technical foundation for a comprehensive Phase II R&D, leading to a design and construction of a prototype for field demonstration. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
William R. Baschnagel AF 98-187 |
| Title: | Low Cost Precision Forming of Discontinuously Reinforced Metal Matrix Composite Aerospace Components |
| Abstract: | This project will demonstrate the feasibility of netshape forming complex multifeatured precision aluminum matrix composite aerospace components at a fraction of the cost of current techniques. The Creare superplastic compression forming technology combines the cost and production rate advantages of stamping or forging with the geometric flexibility and precision normally achievable only with computer controlled machining centers. During Phase I we will verify the feasibility of compression forming aluminum metal matrix composites while preserving their unique material characteristics and develop the basic process parameters. During Phase II we will develop production quality tooling and demonstrate the ability to form fully functional discontinuously reinforced metal matrix composite engine and structural components in quantity at low cost. |
| DWA ALUMINUM COMPOSITES
21130 Superior Street Chatsworth, CA 91311 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 998-1504
Timothy A. Loftin AF 98-187 |
| Title: | Deformation Process Modeling of DRA Extrusions |
| Abstract: | The lack of fully developed extrusion design tools for Discontinuously Reinforced Aluminum (DRA) such as finite element simulation codes will continue to impede market penetration of this promising aerospace material. There is limited motivation on the part of the aluminum extrusion industry to develop finite element codes given the low cost of aluminum and the use of common tool steels for extrusion dies. The design tools this proposal seeks to establish will reduce the lead-time and cost of developing DRA extrusions, expand the manufacturing infrastructure, and grow the market for DRA. The objectives of Phase I are, 1)documentation of critical extrusion process parameters such as ram velocity, extrusion pressure, billet and container pre-heat temperatures, and extrusion die temperatures through the use of thermocoupled tooling and extrusion equipment, 2)a verified finite element simulation model for DRA shear face die extrusions based on DEFORM software, 3) an initial DRA property database specific to deformation processing composed of compression flow stress data that will aid not only the modeling of extrusion but any bulk fabrication process such as rolling, forging, etc., and 4)Preliminary "process window" diagrams for DRA extrusion, as well as preliminary guidelines for die bearing land lengeh. |
| BRIMROSE CORP. OF AMERICA
5024 Campbell Blvd Baltimore, MD 21236 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 668-5800
Dr. G.V. Jagannathan AF 98-188 |
| Title: | Low Temperature Homo and Hetero-Epitaxial Growth of SiC on 4H-C and Hexagonal Nb2C Substrates by Plasma |
| Abstract: | Brimrose Corporation's Phase I technical objective is to optimize the Brimrose Corporation's `ECR' Plasma Enhanced CVD processing method for growing homoepitaxially high quality SiC layers on semi-insulating 4H-SiC and heteroepitaxially on closely lattice matched and highly conducting Nb2C substrates (advantageous for fabricating vertical SiC power devices). Lowering of growth temperature will be achieved by using thermally less stable Disilane, injected down stream, and using thermally less stable and reactive alkene precursor/s such as acetylene or ethylene or propylene in the form of a Argon + alkene plasma mixture generated upstream in the CVD Reactor. Preliminary doping studies using dimethyl Aluminum Hydride and Tertiarybutyl Phosphine will be carried out. Phase II will involve optimization of n- and p-type doping, growth and full characterization of material device structures of interest to the Air Force and modeling of plasma enhanced CVD growth for single and multiwafer processing. Samples of doped and undoped epitaxial SiC films grown on 4H-SiC and Nb2C substrates and fully characterized will be delivered to the Air Force at the end of Phase I research. |
| STERLING SEMICONDUCTOR
22660 Executive Drive Sterling, VA 20166 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 834-7535
Dr. Larry Rowland AF 98-188 |
| Title: | Novel, Thick SiC Epitaxial Growth for Next-Generation Power Devices |
| Abstract: | Sterling Semiconductor will develop technology for superthick 4H-SiC epitaxial layers of up to 300 microns thick. Epitaxial layers of SiC of this thickness will satisfy needs in motor drive, transportation, power distribution and power transmission markets that cannot be satisfied with silicon. These layers will be formed with high purity, high minority carrier lifetime, and will be useful for blocking voltages of up to 30kV. |
| AVXM PARTNERSHIP
5375 Oakvista Place Kettering, OH 45440 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 436-3531
Dr. Allen Jackson AF 98-190 |
| Title: | Thin Film Growth Simulation Using Cellular Automata, State Space, and Neural Nets Methods |
| Abstract: | Simulation of thin film growth is an essential aspect of developing new materials engineered to specific properties and defining the processing sequence required to produce the film. Software available to simulate such growth requires high end computer performance, and the programs are designed for use by experts in thin film growth who are interested in studying the mechanisms of nucleation and growth. Identifying processing parameters and control parameters suited to producing films is not a focus of these computer programs. Thus, the first issue is reducing the computational burden in simulation. The second issue is ease of use and suitability of display of the simulation in a timely manner for the user. AvXm proposes to demonstrate that the NanoModeler system as a thin film simulation system is suitable for enhancing the design of engineered materials and for developing process sequences for manufacturing the films. Important aspects of the NanoModeler system are the visual display, simple user interface, substrate design capability, archiving capability of simulations, and reduction of computational complexity. The unique combination of methods we have created represents a new approach to simulation not available presently on desktop level computers. |
| IMAGINATION ENGINES, INC.
12906 Autumn View Dr St. Louis, MO 63146 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(314) 576-1617
Stephen Thaler AF 98-190 |
| Title: | Integrated Substrate and Thin-film Design Methods |
| Abstract: | A recently patented connectionist paradigm, called the "Creativity Machine", is naturally suited to all process design problems, including those of thin film growth and removal. Trained by exposure to cumulative experimental data, this paradigm may autonomously compute processing routes toward specifically targeted end goals. In the case of thin film growth and removal, the Creativity Machine may readily experiment with alternative processing routes, finally recommending all growth and/or etching paths that lead to desired stoichiometric and crystallographic film properties. Furthermore, it may design any thin film process within the constraints imposed by environmental compliance regulations.Until now, a significant difficulty in applying this technique to `real world' thin film growth/removal problems has been the sheer size of the data files normally encountered. Typically, thousands of data points, taken across multiple process parameters, must be converted to `neural newtwork digestible' form before the paradigm may be applied. Herein, we propose the development of a novel signal compression technique that will enable the Creativity Machine paradigm to solve difficult and complex materials processing problems. We then propose how this combined process compression and discovery technique may be appled to varied problems in thin film growth and removal. |
| MFG INSTRUMENTATION CONSULTANT CO.
2762 Berkshire Road Cleveland Heights, OH 44106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(216) 321-7127
Massood Tabib-Azar AF 98-191 |
| Title: | Near Real-Time Monitoring of Thin-Film Materials and Their Interfaces Using Evanescent Microwave Probes |
| Abstract: | We propose a phase I feasibility investigation of the merits of a new microwave-based method for near real-time monitoring of thin-film material growth and etching with high spatial resolutions. The method we propose to develop here is based on monitoring the microwave resistivity of the film and the material during its processing (growth or etching) using a spatially confined microwave probe. Material quality, structure, stoichiometry, and impurity content all affect its microwave resistivity and can be detected the probe. Our main objective in this study is to design and develop a prototype probe that can be used in actual deposition chambers to monitor film growth in-situ and in real-time. Such a probe will be invaluable in providing a feedback on the growth conditions to control of the process. Our preliminary studies indicate that the evanescent microwave probe is capable of performing such a task. Furthermore, we will investigate possibility of using multi-frequency probes as a method to investigate hierarchy of properties encountered in multi-layered structures. Depth variation as well as information regarding the gradient of properties will be obtained and monitored to control the deposition process. The proposed work will be performed over a period of 9 months at MICC. |
| TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT & TRANSFER
133 Defense Highway Annapolis, MD 21401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 261-8373
Dr. David Palaith AF 98-191 |
| Title: | X-Ray Sensors for Real Time Control of Thin Film Deposition |
| Abstract: | Intelligent materials processing requires sensors that can assess materials properties in situ and in real time at the microscopic level. Data from these sensors would be used to control processing in near real time, to accelerate development of new materials systems, and to enable the development of a virtual materials processing environment, a goal that will greatly reduce both the cost and time needed to develop new materials systems. Few sensors currently exist that can provide the kind of information needed. X-ray sensors offer a vast improvement over current in situ sensor techniques. Recent advances in high energy high resolution x-ray generators coupled with modern advanced photo detecting systems have made real-time data acquisition during Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) a laboratory reality.During Phase I effort, the feasibility of x-ray sensors for in situ, real-time process control of magnetron sputter deposition of thin films will be demonstrated. This will be achieved by delineating relationships between microscopic film properties and deposition conditions. In addition, one design will be prepared to adapt appropriate sensors for measuring x-ray reflectivity and fluorescence to in situ measurements, and a second design for a heated sample stage and goniomete will be developed. |
| EIC LABORATORIES, INC.
111 Downey Street Norwood, MA 02062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 769-9450
Stuart F. Cogan AF 98-192 |
| Title: | Corrosion Protection Coatings for Aluminum Aircraft Alloys |
| Abstract: | The development of corrosion protection coatings for aluminum aircraft alloys is proposed. The coatings are based on polyaniline and other conducting polymers that are incorporated into anodized coatings by oxidative electropolymerization during the anodization process. The coatings will have a two-phase structure with the conducting polymer in the pore volume of the anodic coating. The anodic coating provides a mechanically robust structure that protects the conducting polymer from abrasion while providing a suitable surface for topcoating. A corrosion inhibition mechanism based on adsorption and mobility of the conductive polymers is also proposed for the protection of A1 alloys as well as electrochemial stabilization of the Al oxide surface. To enhance transport and adsorption, and thus corrosion inhibition, the development of a series of modified polyaniline-based polymers and oligomers is proposed. These polyaniline derivatives would be used in Phase I to identify the predominant corrosion inhibition mechanisms and incorporated as polymerizable monomers or oligomers into an acid-based anodization solution. The effect of anodization conditions, conductive polymer doping, and post anodization sealing will be investigated using Al 2024-T3 coupons. Corrosion resistance will be evaluated by DC polarization measurements, zero-resistance-ammeter galvanic coupling experiments, and salt spray exposure of scribed and unscribed anodized coupons. |
| RDA RESEACH, INC.
12345 W. 52nd Ave Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 940-2302
Dr Ronald L. Cook AF 98-192 |
| Title: | A Multifunctinal Coupling Layer for an Advacned Coating System |
| Abstract: | The U.S. Air Force has identified a need for advanced protective coating systems for its aging aircraft. Durable (30+years) chromate-free coatings are needed to extend the retirement dates of the aging aircraft. A chromate-free coating is needed to avoid the costs of handling of chromate containing hazardous wastes. Unfortunately, in a recent study of chromate-free conversion coatings, all the tested coatings failed to meet the necessary coating requirements (i.e. MilC-81706 Class 1A). According to a Blue Ribbon Advisory Panel assembled by the U.S. Air Force, current coating materials are not likely to meet provide the required 30+ year chromate-free coating.In Phase I we will develop a chromate-free coupling layer for aluminum substrates that will form the first layer of an integrated chromate-free 30+ year protective coating system. We will prepare a multifunctional coupling layer that provides strong covalent bonds between the aluminum alloys and the epoxy primer and in addition also provides excellent corrosion resistance. The phase I efforts will provide basis for a Phase II project where an integrated advanced coating system will be developed. |
| CAPE COD RESEARCH, INC.
19 Research Rd East Falmouth, MA 02536 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 540-4400
Mr Francis L. Keohan AF 98-193 |
| Title: | New Thermoplastic Elastomer Matrix Resins for Advanced Aircraft Sealants |
| Abstract: | Military aircraft require conductive sealants around fuel tanks and structural gaps to prevent fuel leaks, water ingress, corrosion and to provide electrical continuity. Limitations of conventional polyether and polysulfide-based sealants include: the slowness of cure below room temperature, solvent thinning and degradation at elevated temperature. A novel gap sealant based on conductive particle-filled, highly flexibilized thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) is proposed for this application. The rigid blocks have high polarity for fuel resistance, high temperature stability and metallic particle compatibility. The flexible soft blocks are selected from rubber precursors having inherent resistance to aviation fuel and glass transition temperatures below the proposed lower use temperature range. The novelty of the approach would stem from the mode of chemically linking the TPE components to achieve the desired property profile. The proposed sealant system should effectively protect aircraft structures from environmental damage and exhibit high electrical conductivity. TPE's will be formulated with electrically conductive fillers and rheological modifiers and tested for adhesion to aluminum and composites, electrical conductivity, fuel and water barrier properties, resistance to thermal and chemical degradation, and corrosion inhibiting properties. The physical performance will be compared to commercial sealants meeting MIL-S-81733. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 BeeCaves Rd Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Michael Dingus AF 98-193 |
| Title: | Matrix Materials for High Performacne High Adhesion Sealants and Gap Fillers |
| Abstract: | A durable one component conductive gap filler/sealant is proposed as a new material for aircraft the employ low observable (LO) technologies. This material will combine the durability of a polysulfide with the ease of use of a one component system. No mixing will be required and waste will be minimized. Conductive fillers will be investigated for incorporation into the matrix resins. Various conductive loading levels will be considered. In the proposed heat activated system, the gap-filler material is briefly heated prior to application. This initial heat activation liberates a latent curing agent, which will remain active after delivery to the substrate. Cure will continue after application to the substrate, and complete cure will be achieved in approximately 5 minutes to 24 hours depending on catalyst concentration. Density of the gap-fillers will be minimized in order to achieve weight savings on aircraft. Additionally, the functionality of the proposed system is expected to have improved bond strength to aluminum and epoxy/carbon fiber composites. Characterization of conductivity and radar observability will be determined for the candidate products. |
| CAPE COD RESEARCH, INC.
19 Research Rd East Falmouth, MA 02536 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 540-4400
Mr Francis L. Keohan AF 98-194 |
| Title: | Polymer-Modified Ceramics for Composite Airframe with Improved Ballistic Resistance |
| Abstract: | A new type of ceramic-thermoplastic material is proposed for fabricating composite armor. The proposed research explores the feasibility of modifying sukucate-based ceramics with thermoplastic toughening agents to produce a new class of composite matrix resins. The novel gradient morphologies predicted for these hybrid systems will be used to improve matrix-reinforcement compatibility and overall composite ballistic resistance. The outer layers of the matrix resin will exhibit the hardness of inorganic glass while the inner layers will provide compliance to maximize shock wave propagation throughout the reinforcing fabric plies. The proposed matrix resin system can potentially be used in resin transfer molding (RTM). State-of-the-art polyaramide textile reinforcements will be used with these matrix resins to fabricate high-impact resistant composites. The ultimate objective is to develop an easily processed composite with high strength and hardness, low density, and the impact resistance required to survive a variety of ballistic threats. In the proposed study, the methodology for preparing these novel ceramic hybrids will be developed an structure-property profiles determined. The resulting material property relationships will be used in the design and fabrication of new composite-based airframes with high survivability. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Avenue Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4114
Dr. Robert Kovar AF 98-195 |
| Title: | Shelf-Stable, Low-Temperature Cure Epoxy Film Adhesive for On-Aircraft Bonded Repair |
| Abstract: | Epoxy film adhesives used for on-aircraft bonded repairs require refrigerated storage and have relatively short shelf-lives. Adhesives that are storage-stable at ambient temperature for one to two years but process and cure at low temperatures are needed to economically utilize bonded repair technology on aircraft. Foster-Miller proposes to develop a shelf-stable epoxy film adhesive (SSEFA) that can be stored for one year at 43C (110F) without loss in processibility or performance and then undergo rapid cure upon heating to 200F. The cured adhesive will meet MIL-A-25463B requirements and will have lower life cycle costs compared to currently available film adhesives. In Phase I, we will examine two approaches to producing a one-part, shelf-stable, 200F cure epoxy film adhesive that is ideal for on-aircraft bonded repair. The one part adhesive developed in the proposed program will require no metering or mixing, a desirable feature that will eliminate problems associated with improperly formulated adhesives. In Phase I, we will demonstrate feasibility of achieving target adhesive shelf-stability, reactivity and performance using an epoxy paste adhesive. The Technology will be extended to film type adhesives in Phase II> The SSEFA will find wide application as an adhesive for aircraft, spacecraft, automobiles, ships, and industrial structures. We have assembled teaming partners who are leaders in the key enabling technologies to work with us in the Phase I and Phase II programs. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 Turnpike Road Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Dr. Mary Chan-Park AF 98-195 |
| Title: | UV Activated, Thermally Cured Film Adhesive for On-Aircraft Bonded Repairs |
| Abstract: | A need currently exists for a structural adhesive which is long term storable, low temperature curable, vacuum processable, and good for 180 degrees F service. This new film adhesive is needed for on-aircraft repair of the Air Force's aircraft fleet. State-of-the-art 180 degreeF service adhesives for repair bonding of aluminum alloy surfaces are typically one-part nitrile epoxy cured with dicyanodiamide and aromatic amines. However, none of the currently available catalysts allows long term storage at room temperature or elevated storage temperatures of 90 degrees F or 120 degrees F, and also allows curing at 180 degrees F using vacuum in less than 4 hours. Active research has been conducted in this area, and quasimechanical means for segregating the epoxy from the curing agent curative by such techniques as microenscapsulation or zeolite molecular sieves have been proposed. However, these quasimechanical methods do not prevent premature gelling due to the closeness of the required long term storage temperatures of 90 degrees or 120 degrees to the allowable processing temperature of 180 degrees F. Triton proposes to use photoactivable but thermally curable compositions. Recent developments in radiation chemistry have led to photochemically latent catalysts which required UV for activation and heat for subsequent curing. Such compositions have been demonstrated on steel substrates. In this proposal, aluminum substrates and further optimization shall be done. |
| METSS CORP.
720 G Lakeview Plaza Blvd Columbus, OH 43085 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(614) 842-6600
Dennis Miller AF 98-196 |
| Title: | High Temperature, Long Service-Life Fuel Cell Bladder Materials |
| Abstract: | Fuel bladders are flexible rubber containers that are used to store fuel within aircraft structures. Higher performance aircraft use the fuel as a circulating cooling fluid which results in heated fuel being returned to the bladder. Accelerated aging of the bladder and failure of the bladders in being observed in the field as a result of the elevated temperature of the fuels being returned. Temperatures of over 200 degrees F have been observed in the field and higher temperatures are predicted in future designs. The current fuel bladder material technology cannot be modified to withstand these temperature requirements. Under the proposed program, METSS Corporation will develop improved formulations of bladder materials suitable for service with fuels up to temperatures of 250 degrees F. Development efforts will focus on exploiting fluorinated urethanes, highly saturated nitrile rubbers, improved nitrile formulations, and epichlorohydrin rubbers. A focused failure analysis effort will be conducted during the program and the results used direct program development efforts.. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Dr. Michael Dingus AF 98-196 |
| Title: | High Temperature, Long Service-Life Fuel Cell Bladder Materials |
| Abstract: | A hybrid polythiourethane elastomer is proposed as a new material for high temperature jet fuel cell bladder inner liners. A commercial source of this type of material is not currently available. This material will combine the durability of polysulfides with the processing flexibility of urethanes. This will allow the development of materials that have curing characteristics that allow flexibility during manufacture and that possess outstanding fuel resistance.During the Phase I effort, a number of candidate fuel cell bladder formulations will be evaluated. The most promising formulation will be presented to the sponsor at the end of the effort. The Phase I work encompasses the development of a durable fuel cell bladder material for use on aircraft. The goal is development of fuel cell bladder products that have good retention of mechanical properties after 200 degree F jet fuel exposure and low volume swell in jet fuel. These products will also meet all environmental regulations for volatile organic compounds emission. A more durable fuel bladder will lead to improved performance and safety on aircraft and will therefore reduce maintenance and replacement costs. |
| CCVD, INC.
3901 Green Industrial Way Chamblee, GA 30341 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 457-7767
Dr. Shara Shoup AF 98-197 |
| Title: | Low Cost, High Performance Superconducting Cable via CCVD |
| Abstract: | For the past eleven years, researchers have been investigating possible applications of high temperature superconductors and working to solve the problems that must be overcome to yield practical superconductor technology. One area of interest is the coated superconductor cable which consists of a flexible metal substrate, a protective buffer layer, and the superconducting layer. Short lengths of these coated conductors have been made yielding critical current densities (Jc) of 1MA/cm2, but the problem arises when trying to scale the conventional deposition processes up to accommodate long lengths of wire. Also, low interaction with magnetic fields is needed for many applications down to 77K.Combustion chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) is a low-cost, open atmosphere deposition that has the potential of depositing buffer layers and the superconductor YBCO onto metal substrates in continuous reel-to-reel production. CCVD does not use costly vacuum systems required by conventional techniques, while the coating quality rivals and even exceeds that of conventional methods. CCVD coatings can be smooth, dense, and epitaxial. In Phase I, we will investigate CCVD deposition of ~50nm textured buffer layers, such as CeO2 and SYZ, onto textured reduced magnetic substrates provided by Oak Ridge National Laboratory,. These buffers are key component layers of coated superconductor technology. We will demonstrate the quality and performance of Phase I CCVD buffer layers through subsequent CCVD deposition of YBCO superconductor layers. The optimized CCVD process will be demonstrated in a reel-to-reel production mode, using polycrystalline substrates. The most promising Phase I textured coated conductor samples will be sent to ORNL for testing and evaluation. |
| EPION CORP.
4R Alfred Circle Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-3703
David Fenner, Ph.D. AF 98-197 |
| Title: | Improved Buffers and Processing for Oriented YBCO on Biaxial Metal Tape |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase-1 project will develop much needed alternatives and improvements for oruebted-buffer layers with high-critical-current YBCO films on metal-tape substrates. At present YBCO films on metal tapes are limited in superconducting quality largely due to unsatisfactory crystal structural quality caused by imperfections in the metal surface and buffer-film crystallinestructure and surfaces. Buffers of yttria-stabilized zirconia in combination with ceria have been successfully used by this P.I. in a collaboration with the subcontractor to demonstrate good-quality YBCO films on their biaxially-oriented nickel tape. The proposed program will leverage this skill of the principals and the considerable commercial advantages of an independent route to substrate fabrication and teaming with a major manufacturer of superconducting wire and devices. The program will utilize improved technology for very large-area pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) of films and novel ion-beam methods for surface smoothing prior to film deposition. New buffer-film materials and multilayer combinations will be explored, including certain possibilities for fabricating conducting buffers that would have considerable advantage in the targeted applications area. |
| EIC LABORATORIES, INC.
111 Downey Street Norwood, MA 02062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 769-9450
R. David Rauh AF 98-198 |
| Title: | Electrostatic Self-Assembly of Optical Limiting Coatings |
| Abstract: | Optical limiting materials are needed for eye and sensor protection against laser damage. One promising approach for broadband optical limiting in the visible-near infrared band is to employ filters containing reverse saturable absorbents (RSA). Effective RSA materials absorb weakly in the protected band, but become strongly attenuating when optically excited due to efficient population of highly absorbing excited states. We propose here to design polymers that can be electrostatically self-assembled (ESA) into supramolecular multilayer stacks that provide optical limiting characteristics tailored for laser hardening. The key materials technology on which we will build is that of phase homogeneous RSA-containing polyelectrolytes. This class of compounds will be designed in anionid and cationic forms to provide building locks for electrostatic self-assembly of thin RSA films onto optical substrates. They will further be designed with elastomeric backbones to enhance their thermal dissipation and laser damage threshold. In Phase I we will synthesize two candidate polymers (a metalloporpyrin and metallophthalocyanine anionic polyelectrolyte), demonstrate assembly of robust thin film multilayers on glass, and evaluate their optical limiting and laser damage threshold characteristics.Optical limiting materials are needed for eye and sensor protection against laser damage. One promising approach for broadband optical limiting in the visible-near infrared band is to employ filters containing reverse saturable absorbents (RSA). Effective RSA materials absorb weakly in the protected band, but become strongly attenuating when optically excited due to efficient population of highly absorbing excited states. We propose here to design polymers that can be electrostatically self-assembled (ESA) into supramolecular multilayer stacks that provide optical limiting characteristics tailored for laser hardening. The key materials technology on which we will build is that of phase homogeneous RSA-containing polyelectrolytes. This class of compounds will be designed in anionid and cationic forms to provide building locks for electrostatic self-assembly of thin RSA films onto optical substrates. They will further be designed with elastomeric backbones to enhance their thermal dissipation and laser damage threshold. In Phase I we will synthesize two candidate polymers (a metalloporpyrin and metallophthalocyanine anionic polyelectrolyte), demonstrate assembly of robust thin film mul |
| NANOSONIC, INC.
509 Rose Ave Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 953-1785
Dr. Yanjing Liu AF 98-198 |
| Title: | Electrostatic Self-Assembly Processes for Linear and Nonlinear Optical Thin-Film Materials and Devices |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase-1 project will develop much needed alternatives and improvements for oruebted-buffer layers with high-critical-current YBCO films on metal-tape substrates. At present YBCO films on metal tapes are limited in superconducting quality largely due to unsatisfactory crystal structural quality caused by imperfections in the metal surface and buffer-film crystallinestructure and surfaces. Buffers of yttria-stabilized zirconia in combination with ceria have been successfully used by this P.I. in a collaboration with the subcontractor to demonstrate good-quality YBCO films on their biaxially-oriented nickel tape. The proposed program will leverage this skill of the principals and the considerable commercial advantages of an independent route to substrate fabrication and teaming with a major manufacturer of superconducting wire and devices. The program will utilize improved technology for very large-area pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) of films and novel ion-beam methods for surface smoothing prior to film deposition. New buffer-film materials and multilayer combinations will be explored, including certain possibilities for fabricating conducting buffers that would have considerable advantage in the targeted applications area. |
| CLEVELAND CRYSTALS, INC.
19306 Redwood Ave Cleveland, OH 44100 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(440) 461-1384
Gary Catella AF 98-199 |
| Title: | Growth and Testing of AgGa(1-X)InxSe2 for High Average Power Nonlinear Optics |
| Abstract: | AgGa(1-x)InsSe2 is a unique nonlinear crystal suitable for a wide range of 3-wave mixing applications, including co2 laser NCPM SHG and THG. It combines strong nonlinear coupling with phase-matching across a wide (0.8-13um) transmission range. These properties also provide the basis for near-IR pumped OPO and DFG systems generating tunable laser radiation from ~2.0 to 13 um. When combined with demonstrated SFG techniques, the range of available wavelengths is extended to the eye safe region. In addition to CO2 lasers for SHG/THG, solid state 2 and 3um lasers may be used for OPO and DFG systems. CCI has grown low absorption AgGa(1-x)InxSe2 using AgGaS2 and AgGaSe2growth-technology. However, material must be grown with a variety of In concentrations and in sufficient volume to allow material characterization and to establish production parameters. The goal would be to establish preliminary production of low (0.005-0-0.15cm1) bulk absorption crystals, similar to the current range of production AgGaSe2. During Phase I, low absorption/scatter crystals would be grown and processed for testing. Emphasis would be placed on obtaining uniform doping levels at x~40%. Phase II would include continued analysis of crystal characteristics and development of a standardized production process. The goal would be to attain routine production of low absorption/scatter AgGa(1-x)InxSe2 at the desired In concentration. |
| SPECTRAGEN, INC.
1700 S. Mount Propspect Rd Des Plaines, IL 60018 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(847) 699-5850
Richard Jarman AF 98-199 |
| Title: | Bulk Periodically-poled Potassium Niobate Crystals for Mid-IR Opo Applications |
| Abstract: | This proposal seeks to fabricate bulk crystals of KNb03 which contain periodic domain structures using electric field poling of single-domain crystals which have photolithographically defined electrode patterns. Periodically-poled KNb03 crystals have the potential for widespread application for efficient generation in the wavelength range 3 -5 um using optical parametric iscillators. The specific objectives are: 1. Establish conditions of electric field and temperature required to obtain periodic domain reversal in KNb03 crystals.Poled, single-domain wafers of KNb03 will be prepared, upon which metal electrode patterns will be defined using photolithography. Conditions of domain reversal in these crystals will then be established using electric-field poling. The optical properties and domain structure of these poled crystals will be examined using microscopy. Performance as an OPO crystal will be initiated. |
| LYNNTECH, INC.
7610 Eastmark Drive College Station, TX 77840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(409) 693-0017
Jinseong Kim AF 98-200 |
| Title: | A Novel NDE Corrosion Rate Measuring Sys for Airframe Structural Integrity |
| Abstract: | Due to the reduction in the resources available for replacement along with changes in the USAF mission, a half of military aircraft, already over 20 years old, are expected to be in service for much longer than they were designed to last. One of the major problems found in operations with aging aircraft is the cost associated with corrosion. A reliable corrosion rate measurement system can control corrosion maintenance, reduce the maintenance cost, and predict the residual life of a corroded aircraft part. There are a variety of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques to detect corrosion damages of aging aircraft structures; however, those techniques currently in use cannot measure corrosion rate of the structures. New innovative methods to measure corrosion rate in aircraft structures are needed. Lynntech, Inc. will design and develop a novel advanced NDE corrosion rate measurement system for aging aircraft structures based on electrochemical impedance (EI). The proposed NDE system, to be completely developed in the Phase II, will be simple, portable, inexpensive, highly reliable, and very sensitive to small corrosion defects in the aircraft structures. During the Phase I, a lab mode of the corrosion rate measuring system will be developed, and the proof of concept will be demonstrated. |
| COMPOSITE OPTICS, INC.
9617 Distribution Ave San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 621-5325
Steve Butner AF 98-201 |
| Title: | Affordable Composite Matrix Composites (CMCs) |
| Abstract: | Ceramic matrix composites are an emerging class of materials that hold great promise in high temperature environments. To date, however, affordable CMC materials that can withstand long-term exposure to 1200 degree C. simply do not exist. Composite Optics Inc. proposes the development of a microporous oxide matrix that can be combined with commercially available fibers to produce a damage tolerant ceramic matrix composite that remains stable long term at 1200 degrees C. COI has demonstrated the ability to produce low cost CMC's with excellent strength and toughness characteristics that are stable long term at 1100 degrees C. This class of microporous oxide matrix composites meet the requirements of variety of hot structural environments from combustion chamber liners, to insulation structures, to nozzle and nose cap structures. Extending the long term temperature capability of this type of system will provide a low cost alternative for applications now dependent on carbon-carbon or the costly materials that require elaborate and costly coating processes and material fabrication processes. |
| COMPUTHERM, LLC
437 South Yellowstone Drive Madison, WI 53719 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(608) 274-1414
Shuang-Lin Chen AF 98-201 |
| Title: | WinChem: A Tool for Evaluation of High-Temperature Structural Material Stability in Extreme Environments |
| Abstract: | CompuTherm, LLC proposes to develop WinChem, an innovative and user-friendly computer program integrated with a thermodynamic database, to provide a significant new capability to rapidly determine chemical equilibrium necessary to evaluate the stability of high-temperature structural materials under corrosive (generally oxidative) conditions. The lack of this capability has been an obstacle to the rapid assessment of the stability of these materials in a hostile gaseous environment. The traditional approach, simultaneously solving all competing chemical reactions by hand, is only feasible for simple systems. Current computer programs for calculating chemical equilibrium are inefficient and difficult to use, requiring user-input initial values and expert knowledge of the system under consideration. Moreover, these programs fail to obtain the stable chemical equilibrium under extreme conditions. By contrast, WinChem will utilize novel computational methods to avoid these problems, allowing materials scientists/engineers to rapidly obtain complex chemical equilibrium required for high-performance materials development. In Phase I, CompuTherm, LLC proposes to demonstrate WinChem's capability with systems containing up to three components, followed in Phase II by the expansion of that capability to the calculation of chemical equilibrium in systems with any number of components. |
| TAL MATERIALS, INC.
1375 Folkstone Ct Ann Arbor, MI 48105 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(313) 763-5274
Dr Anthony C. Sutorik AF 98-201 |
| Title: | Low Cost, Yttrium Doped Alumina (YA1) Fibers by Continuous Extrusion and Pyrolysis of Metal Carboxylate Precursors |
| Abstract: | CompuTherm, LLC proposes to develop WinChem, an innovative and user-friendly computer program integrated with a thermodynamic database, to provide a significant new capability to rapidly determine chemical equilibrium necessary to evaluate the stability of high-temperature structural materials under corrosive (generally oxidative) conditions. The lack of this capability has been an obstacle to the rapid assessment of the stability of these materials in a hostile gaseous environment. The traditional approach, simultaneously solving all competing chemical reactions by hand, is only feasible for simple systems. Current computer programs for calculating chemical equilibrium are inefficient and difficult to use, requiring user-input initial values and expert knowledge of the system under consideration. Moreover, these programs fail to obtain the stable chemical equilibrium under extreme conditions. By contrast, WinChem will utilize novel computational methods to avoid these problems, allowing materials scientists/engineers to rapidly obtain complex chemical equilibrium required for high-performance materials development. In Phase I, CompuTherm, LLC proposes to demonstrate WinChem's capability with systems containing up to three components, followed in Phase II by the expansion of that capability to the calculation of chemical equilibrium in systems with any number of components. |
| ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY MATERIALS, INC.
3006 Research Drive State College, PA 16801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 235-0606
Paul Moran AF 98-202 |
| Title: | Advanced Field-Use Instrument for Nondestructive Fatigue Damage Assesment and Remaining Service Life Prediction for Aging Aerospace Systems |
| Abstract: | During Phase I, we will develop the technology for a field use instrument to determine the residual stress, fatigue damage and remaining service life for aging metal structures. The technology will be based on a state-of -the-art wide-angle x-ray detector recently developed at ATMI. The life span estimation will use the measured micro-defect density to compare to a paramedic life span map based on the alloy composition, residual stress and loading conditions. The map will be based on the structural change of diffraction peaks form multiple individual grains during the course of fatigue life. We will demonstrate the feasibility of rapid fatigue damage determination for representative materials by testing representative samples of the three most common crystal cell structures for engineering metals, making the technology applicable for steels, aluminum, nickel and titanium alloys The samples will undergo high circle teensy/compression, bending and corosion loading. Validation of the life span map will be accomplished by interrupting high cycle fatigue tests, predicting remaining life, and subsequently cycling the sample to failure. Successful completion of the Phase I effort will culminate in the production of a field use instrument to be built and delivered at the completion of the Phase II program. |
| ANALATOM, INC.
540 Weddell Drive Sunnyvale, CA 94089 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 734-9392
Akbar Sultan AF 98-202 |
| Title: | Micro-Eletro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) |
| Abstract: | The problem addressed is through-life, non-destructive monitoring of adhesively bonded structures. The concept presented is to produce a "smart material" consisting of a number of small independent wireless Micro-electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) bond degradation sensors positioned in the adhesive bond-line. These MEMS sensors consist of two critical components: 1)the chemical sensor and 2)the CMOS circuitry required for the sensor to be autonomous. The sensors can be applicable to both metal/adhesive and composite/adhesive bonding systems. Adhesive bond line can be as thin as 80 micron. The autonomous sensors will be fabricated to be less than 80 micron thick. This is achieved by internal control circuitry, CMOS for low power requirements, fabricated on wafers that can be backthinned to produces less that 80 micron thick devices. The effect on the bond strength will be minimal since the area that will be taken up by the sensors will be insignificant compared with the total area of the bonded repair or component.The "smart material" can be installed during repair and in particular when the specific platform goes through a complete tear down during the Life Extension Program (LEP). The small independent, wireless sensors form a condition Based Maintenance (CBM) health monitoring system. The sensors are permanently installed and can be permanently monitored. The monitoring system will indicate and select the damage location area which will have to be inspected and repaired. |
| AUTOCRAWLER, LLC.
2320 North 196 Street Seattle, WA 98133 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 367-8163
Henry Seeman AF 98-202 |
| Title: | Novel Nondestructive Evaluation Technology for Aerospace Components Systems |
| Abstract: Abstract not available... | |
| TOUCHTONE RESEARCH LAB, LTD.
The Millennium Centre Triadelphia, WV 26059 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(304) 547-5800
G.S. Murty AF 98-203 |
| Title: | Brazed Aluminum Ribbon Composites Materials for Cryogenic Tanks |
| Abstract: | A material which is stronger than conventional aluminum, less permeable to liquid hydrogen than polymer matrix composites (PMCs), less flammable that PMCs in the presence of liquid oxygen, and can be made into large, complex shapes without an autoclave, would have a significant advantage over current cryogenic tank materials. Touchstone Research Laboratory proposes its "Brazed Aluminum Ribbon Composite Material" as the solution to this problem. This material would have several advantages of PMCs and conventional aluminum for cryogenic tanks: material would reduces the tank weight without adding the flammability and permeability problems associated with PMCs. Also it does not need an autoclave for processing. |
| ULTRAMET
12173 Montague St Pacoima, CA 91331 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 899-0236
Jerry W. Brockmeyer AF 98-203 |
| Title: | Lightweight, Low Thermal Conductivity Thermal Protection System for Military Space Plane |
| Abstract: | The temperature constraints of current thermal protection system (TPS) materials limit the flight path and thus the mission flexibility of existing and new hypersonic and spacecraft reentry vehicles, such as the Military Space Plane (MSP). Lightweight materials with increased TPS operational temperature to over 3000 degreeF and improved surface durability and erosion resistance will create numerous opportunities for these applications. The shortcomings of current insulating materials (e.g. AETB, FRCI, SIRCA) include lack of structural stability at temperatures below=2800degrees F, high density (=12-20 lb/ft3/), and high cost (+$2.50-3.00/in3). The innovative TPS proposed in this project will provide an unequaled combination of structural and thermal properties, including temperature capability to >4500 degree F with outstanding erosion resistance. This TPS will combine Ultramet's lightweight, low-cost, low thermal conductivity (low-k) reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) foam with aerogel insulation to reduce high temperature thermal conductivity and a frontside facesheet coating of refractory Ultra2000 TM, Ultramet's patented hafnium carbide/silicon carbide (HfC/SiC) coating system. Previous work has shown that the low-k RVC foam has comparable thermal conductivity to the current best insulators (AETB-12 and FRCI-12) with twice the compressive strength at temperatures of <1830degress F. At higher temperatures, radiative heat transfer within the foam results in rapid increases in thermal conductivity. The addition of low-density, low radiative heat transfer aerogels produced by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory presents a novel approach to reducing radiative heat transfer with minimal increase in density and conductive heat transfer. In the proposed project, aerogels with be integrated with foam structures, and high temperature thermal conductivity will be measured to assess the feasibility of this novel concept. |
| WILSON COMPOSITE GROUP, INC.
1004 River Rock Dr. Folsom, CA 95630 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(916) 989-4812
BRIAN WILSON AF 98-203 |
| Title: | Lightweight Tankage Materials for Military Space Applications |
| Abstract: | The current status of the technology being developed for linerless cryogenic storage tanks by the Wilson Composite Group, inc. utilizes a toughened epoxy resin. This resin requires pressure application during the cure cycle and use of an autoclave. Since large size autoclaves are limited in availability, this program will select and test under cryogenic conditions alternate materials which do not require autoclave pressure curing. These materials will be selected from available candidates from composites industry suppliers. Permeability/leakage tests will be conducted on composite coupons, using liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen. In addition to evaluating the cryogenic capability of these resin systems, the compatibility of the resins with potential manufacturing processes, primarily filament winding, for linerless tankage will be evaluated. The result of the program will be a selection of at least three potential materials for use in linerless tankage technology. Selected test samples will be manufactured for evaluation to confirm the coupon tests for selected materials. |
| SIMMETRIX, INC.
1223 Peoples Ave Troy, NY 12180 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 276-2729
Mark Beall AF 98-204 |
| Title: | Multiscale Modeling Including Micromechanical Failure Prediction |
| Abstract: | The temperature constraints of current thermal protection system (TPS) materials limit the flight path and thus the mission flexibility of existing and new hypersonic and spacecraft reentry vehicles, such as the Military Space Plane (MSP). Lightweight materials with increased TPS operational temperature to over 3000 degreeF and improved surface durability and erosion resistance will create numerous opportunities for these applications. The shortcomings of current insulating materials (e.g. AETB, FRCI, SIRCA) include lack of structural stability at temperatures below=2800degrees F, high density (=12-20 lb/ft3/), and high cost (+$2.50-3.00/in3). The innovative TPS proposed in this project will provide an unequaled combination of structural and thermal properties, including temperature capability to >4500 degree F with outstanding erosion resistance. This TPS will combine Ultramet's lightweight, low-cost, low thermal conductivity (low-k) reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) foam with aerogel insulation to reduce high temperature thermal conductivity and a frontside facesheet coating of refractory Ultra2000 TM, Ultramet's patented hafnium carbide/silicon carbide (HfC/SiC) coating system. Previous work has shown that the low-k RVC foam has comparable thermal conductivity to the current best insulators (AETB-12 and FRCI-12) with twice the compressive strength at temperatures of <1830degress F. At higher temperatures, radiative heat transfer within the foam results in rapid increases in thermal conductivity. The addition of low-density, low radiative heat transfer aerogels produced by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory presents a novel approach to reducing radiative heat transfer with minimal increase in density and conductive heat transfer. In the proposed project, aerogels with be integrated with foam structures, and high temperature thermal conductivity will be measured to assess the feasibility of this novel concept. |
| F&S, INC.
PO Box 11704 Blacksburg, VA 24062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 953-4282
Paige Furrow AF 98-205 |
| Title: | Novel Composite Materials for the Mfg of Functionally Graded Structures |
| Abstract: | Due to increasing quality demands place on military and civilian structures, novel materials such as composites are finding increased use in high performance applications. A rapid growth area for composite materials is for the next generation of missile systems where composites provide significant advantages. Lightweight, high-strength composite structures provide increased velocity and enhanced maneuverability. Composites respond less violently to hazardous stimuli, and thus pose less risk in transportation and storage. However, the use of composite materials has not come without both processing difficulties and cost. To overcome these deficiencies, R&S, in conjunction with Virginia Tech, proposes to design, analyze, fabricate, and test novel, low-cost functionally graded composite structures for a multitude of applications. Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed novel processing methods using thermoplastic liquid crystal polymer (TLCP)reinforcement fibers that enable extrusion of composite fiber in a simple, rapid fabrication approach. Processes have been developed for generating both layered materials which have different functionalities and microcomposite materials based on thermoplastics reinforced with micron size TLCP fibrils (1). F&S and Dr. Donald Baird at the Chemical Engineering Department of Virginia Tech propose a comprehensive plan to commercialize a novel thermoplastic composite approach for fabricating functionally graded components. |
| UTRON, INC.
8506 Wellington Rd Manassas, VA 20109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 369-5552
Dr. Arul Mozhi AF 98-205 |
| Title: | Functionally-Graded Thermoplastic Tubes Fabricated via Pulsed Spray Forming |
| Abstract: | The Air Force seeks a processing technology capable of producing functionally-graded thermoplastic tubes with advantageous cross-sectional property distributions. UTRON proposes to develop a new puled spray forming technique to fabricate such tubes. This technique is versatile and can be applied to fabricate a wide variety of multi-layered and functionally-graded polymer components. Pulsed Spray forming will 1)provide fine control of the thickness of layers to optimize performance, and 2) reduce heating and remelting of inner polymer layers due to its pulsed nature. This technology can be extended as a rapid prototyping technology by integration with a computer aided design (CAD) system. This technique can produce the desired two-layer thermoplastic tube, and can be adapted to produce multiple layer tubes. During PhaseI, we propose to:1. Experimentally fabricate a two layer functionally-graded thermoplastic tube using the pulsed spray forming technique.2. Perform a conceptual design of an engineering prototype capable of fabricating large scale liquid rocket ducts. Anticipated Phase II objectives will be to: 1.) build an engineering prototype and fabricate large scale liquid rocket ducts, and 2) Integrate a CAD system with the pulsed spray forming system to establish rapid prototyping capability. |
| ADCOM SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
Peabody Office Building Peabody, MA 01960 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 899-5905
Dr. Elie J. Baghdady AF 98-206 |
| Title: | Jam Resistant GPS Reception |
| Abstract: | A unique approach is proposed for the effective rejection of cochannel, but otherwise arbitrary, jamming and other interference in GPS reception. The approach is based on a method of processing a multiplicity of signals sharing the same time-frequency and polarization space, in such a way as to favor a bona fide GPS signal over the others present (jamming, spoofing, multipath, atmospherics or other cochannel signals/noise.)A Phase I effort/program is proposed herein to investigate analytically, with the aid of computer simulations, the effects on wideband signals of the unique signal processing operations performed in the proposed approach. Wideband signals represent sentative of those received from GPS satellites will be the focus of the proposed investigations to determine quantitatively how their code waveforms. The necessity for compensatory measures, and how best to implement such, to be undertaken in the receiver front end to counter likely distortions of the GPS signal, will also be determined. A program will be evolved for validating and demonstrating experimentally the results of Phase I analyses in a follow-on Phase II effort, by means of actual GPS satellite signals derived in the laboratory either as generated internally to a Miniature Airborne GPS Receiver (MAGR); or by actual reception from GPS satellites, with retrofits to a MAGR using adaptations of hardware designs already successfully proven to function as required, plus other circuits or software to be defined in Phase I. Anticipated benefits, both military and commercial, center on the absolute necessity of totally immunizing GPS receivers against cochannel interference/jamming/spoofing, in all situations of GPS-aided navigation and/or rescue location. |
| OCEANIT LABORATORIES, INC.
1100 Alakea Street Honolulu, HI 96813 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(808) 531-3017
Dr. Ken C. K. Cheung AF 98-207 |
| Title: | Active Forebody Vortex Control Using Retractable Miniature Nose-Tip Devices |
| Abstract: | A pointed slender body at high angle of attack will generate two symmetric vortices resulting from the separation of flow on the leeward side of the body. At critical angles of attack, the vortex shedding becomes asymmetric due to micro-imperfections present at the nose of the body. This asymmetric vortex shedding can result inside forces that may exceed the control capability of the vehicle, and this may cause the body to tumble out of control. The research effort will investigate the effectiveness of introducing retractable miniature flow devices at the nose of a tangent ogive forebody to fix separation points and force the vortex shedding to become symmetric, thus alleviating excessive side forces. Micro-/mini-strakes and miniature perturbations caused by flush-mounted piezo-electric film will be tested to determine their ability to induce symmetric vortex shedding at critical angle-of-attack regimes. The miniature nose attachments will be designed to be deployed/activated by a feedback control system that will monitor side forces due to symmetric vortex shedding. Experimental investigations will be conducted to examine the effectiveness of the concepts. |
| ORBITAL RESEARCH, INC.
11000 Cedar Avenue Cleveland, OH 44106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(216) 791-6749
Dr. Frederick Lisy AF 98-207 |
| Title: | MEMS Actuated Deployable Strakes for Slender Bodies |
| Abstract: | Several deployable flow control devices which utilize various MEMs actuators will be designed to enhance the performance capabilities of slender cylindrical bodies with 3:1 ratio tangent ogive nose cone at high angles of attack. The flow control devices will be integrated with a feedback/predictive controller and an integrated array of pressure sensors. The controller will deploy the flow control devices inducing boundary layer transition. The influences of the controlled deployment of the flow control devices on unsteady vortex shedding will be evaluated. The goal of the flow control strategies are to create symmetrical vortex shedding around the nose cone, thus reducing pressure differentials and the resulting yaw forces which cause significant instabilities for missiles (and aircraft) at high angles of attack. The engineer prototype will be tested in a wind tunnel at The Ohio State University. Several flow control strategies will be tested. At least for flow control devices and five MEMs actuators will be evaluated. During this program , the controller will demonstrate its ability to respond to pressure sensor inputs. The ability to control boundary layer transition and vortex shedding will be determined by flow visualization, photogrammetric techniques and static port pressure measurements. |
| AMTEC CORP.
500 Wynn Drive Huntsville, AL 35816 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(205) 772-7200
Norman O. Speakman AF 98-208 |
| Title: | Neural Network Based Aerodynamic Flight Simulation |
| Abstract: | The objective of this effort is to develop a neural network-based aerodynamic prediction model of an existing weapon systems and integrate this model into a PC-based six degree-of-freedom (6DOF) simulation of the weapon. Two extensive sets of wind tunnel data have been used to demonstrate the potential of using Artificial Neural Network programs as limited aerodynamic prediction codes. The algorithm used in this preliminary work is a feed-forward, back propagation network with special techniques implemented to aid the convergence to minimum error. The wind tunnel data sets used in the present training process contained several orientation/environmental variables, several geometric variables and, of course, the normal aerodynamic coefficients as outputs. The assessment of the accuracy of the neural network algorithm shows the predicted coefficient values to be in very good agreement with actual wind tunnel data with an average mean square error for each coefficient to be less than one part in one thousand for most of the data. Comparison with Missile Datcom for some of the configurations clearly demonstrate the potential of developing a generic aerodynamic prediction code suitable for use in a flight simulation. |
| RICE SYSTEMS, INC.
1150 Main Street Irvine, CA 92614 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 553-8768
Dr. Colleen Fitzpatrick AF 98-209 |
| Title: | Integrated Optics Inertial Navigation Sensor (IOINS) |
| Abstract: | In this proposal, we present a design for an Integrated Optics Inertial Navigation Sensor (IOINS) for use in a penetrating weapon. The proposed IOINS is based on a robust integrated optics glass-on-silicon waveguide architecture, hence it presents a more rugged, compact alternative to other technologies. Unlike other inertial navigation devices such as silicon micromachined inertial components, the IOINS enjoys the distinct advantage of continuous operation under high g forces without saturation. Thus, the IOINS can continue to navigate during extremely high impulse penetration. Moreover it is lightweight, compact, consumes a minimum of electrical power, and is potentially much more sensitive over a wider dynamic range than micromachined components. Its signal processing is simplified since it requires no crystal oscillator. In addition, the IOINS can be easily mass-produced at low cost to meet the performance specifications of a military inertial navigator. The outcome of this project will be a set of design specifications for the construction in Phase II of a prototype IOINS capable of inertial navigation in penetrating munitions. |
| OPTIMAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
2825 West 1700 North Idaho Falls, ID 83402 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(208) 524-0673
Mark Landon AF 98-210 |
| Title: | Efficient CFD-Based Aerodynamic Shape Optimization |
| Abstract: | The overall objective of this work is to develop a general-purpose CFD-based, shape optimization tool for robust and efficient aerodynamic shape optimization. Shape optimization is a technology where design optimization algorithms are coupled with geometry/shape deformation tools and engineering analysis codes such as computational fluid dynamics and structural analysis. The optimization algorithms search for value of arbitrary shape deformation design variables to improve the object function (i.e. maximize lift, minimize drag, maximize lift-to-drag, etc.) While satisfying design constraints (i.e. limits on stability, mass properties, etc.). the shape optimization tool can be used to find optimal designs for aerodynamic shapes of aircraft, missiles, submarines, etc. A graphical user interface will be developed To allow the user to read in a CFD input file, define an arbitrary shape deformation control volume, pose the desired shape optimization problem to be solved, perform the optimization of the aerodynamic shape, and visualize the results via animation and post processing. Advanced arbitrary shape deformation tools will be developed. Powerful and efficient optimization methodologies will be employed. Data translators will allow practically any CFD code to be incorporated with this tool. |
| DIGITAL OPTICS CORP.
5900 Northwoods Business Pkwy Charlotte, NC 28269 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(704) 599-9191
Dr. Thomas Suleski AF 98-211 |
| Title: | Diffractive Optics for LADAR Scanning |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I project builds upon Digital Optics Corporation's experience in the design, fabrications, and integration of diffractive optics with lasers and electronics to provide an innovative laser beam steering approach for laser radar systems. The proposed method uses a spatial light modulator in conjunction with specially designed diffractive optical elements to provide a laser beam steering system containing no moving parts. Use of the proposed methods offer potential size and performance advantages over current techniques. This Phase I effort will demonstrate the application of specialty diffractive optics to the problem of laser beam steering. Both analytical and experimental work will be performed to verify the objectiveness of the proposed project. |
| MILLITECH CORP.
South Deerfield Research Park South Deerfield, MA 01373 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(413) 665-8551
Doc Ewen AF 98-211 |
| Title: | A Simultaneous Radar-Radiometer Imaging Mode (Radarometer) |
| Abstract: | The proposed millimeter wave sensor alleviates the data fusion problem by incorporating both active as well as passive operating odes in a single sensor, such that they can be operated either individually, in time sequence, or simultaneously. A unique feature is the use of a common high-speed, mechanically scanned antenna capable of generating active and passive millimeter wave images simultaneously. As the antenna beam is scanned across the scene, the passive and active sensors simultaneously measure the passive antenna temperature and the radar reflectivity associated with each pixel. The passive (radiometric) image of the scene is displayed on a common time base with the active (radar) image of the scene. The antenna scanning geometry is identical for both images. Both are obtained and displayed, frame by frame, in real time on a common time base. |
| OPTICS 1, INC.
3050 Hillcrest Drive Westlake Village, CA 91362 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 432-2148
Michael E. Couture AF 98-211 |
| Title: | Infrared Scene Simulation Projector for Extremely Wide Angle IR Imagers |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I project builds upon Digital Optics Corporation's experience in the design, fabrications, and integration of diffractive optics with lasers and electronics to provide an innovative laser beam steering approach for laser radar systems. Scene simulation projectors, both visible and infrared, are increasingly being used to test and validate imagining systems performance against a variety of scenarios. The cost of transporting hardware and personnel to field sites is avoided using this hardware. Imager applications such as fuzes or surveillance systems typically image over very large fields of view and no such simulation hardware is currently available to conduct this type of testing. OPTICS 1, Inc. proposes to demonstrate the feasibility of a scene simulator appropriate for testing extremely wide angle imaging. Design forms will be shown that meet requirements of wide-angle imaging systems and impart minimal influence to the image quality of the system under test. Point design will be demonstrated in this proposal sufficient to operate with two-dimensional emitter arrays or scanned laser diode bars as the scene projection source. |
| TANNER RESEARCH, INC.
2650 East Foothill Boulevard Pasadena, CA 91107 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 792-3000
Dr. Thomas J. Bartolac AF 98-212 |
| Title: | Motion-Detecting Imager Based on Insect Vision for Autonomous Seeker Applications |
| Abstract: | Tanner Research is proposing to develop analog VLSI circuitry for a motion-detecting imager based on the biological paradigm of insect vision, for application to a new class of seekers for autonomous guided weapons.Our hardware development is proposed in the context of eventual application in a "swarm" scenario, in which a relatively large number of simple, cheap autonomous weapons of limited capability are simultaneously deployed in such a way as to insure high probability of mission success. To this end, groundwork for model-building and simulation of autonomous "swarms" will also be laid during the execution of the project. By adopting such an innovative strategic approach, we shall overcome the technical issues that have thwarted the practical application of on-focal-plan motion-sensing imagers in previous experimental implementations. |
| WAVEBAND CORP.
375 Van Ness Avenue Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 212-7808
Dr. Barnabas Takacs AF 98-212 |
| Title: | Human Vision Model for Advanced Autonomous Seekers |
| Abstract: | WaveBand Corporation proposes to develop a novel, biological vision model that improves autonomous seeker performance by performing multi-resolution feature extraction at the sensor level, and integrating these extracted features into a consistent representation of the combat scene using a parallel attention model of the Human Visual Systems (HVS). The method, which incorporates our present understanding of the early stages of the HVS, was specifically designed to encode the optimal sets of target features that best characterize any particular class while creating a well separable recognition space that is robust to large variations in viewing/imaging conditions and noise. Specifically, it employs a novel feature extraction process (including light adaptation mechanism) integrated into a multi-resolution attention scheme. The subsequent recognition systems uses parallel visual streams to implement evidence accumulation, pattern completion and recognition, and temporal processing. Based on the proposed biological vision model Waveband will build a robust ATR engine using simulated target data or data provided by the sponsor. The Phase I & II efforts will focus on developing a test bed prototype which will be used to evaluate the system's performance in the context of autonomous seeker technology and real-world target recognition scenarios. |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS
One Alewife Center Cambridge, MA 02140 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Magnus S. Snorrason AF 98-213 |
| Title: | Situation Assessment-Based Search Agent |
| Abstract: | We propose to design and prototype a search agent for smart munitions that exploits multiple information sources to aid an automatic target recognition (ATR) system's target acquisition capability. Smart munitions that rely on preprogrammed search paths (the weapon's flight path over the search area) ignore the dynamic nature of a battleground and fail to exploit important information that can be monitored in-flight but cannot be foreseen at launch. For example, unexpected weather events such as sandstorms or blizzards can greatly degrade an ATR sensor's fidelity, but weapons following preprogrammed paths cannot "decide" to avoid such weather problems. Our proposed search agent develops an assessment of the current situation by monitoring events from dynamic onboard data sources such as ATR output and flight performance parameters, and correlating them with static sources such as mission planing data and digital elevation maps. If the resulting situation calls for a new search path, a trajectory optimizer generates a new path (subject to constraints such as know friendly positions) that improves the probability of accomplishing mission objectives. When path choice depends on the enemy's course-of-action, a separate course-of-action prediction module contributes constraints based on identified avenues of mobility and knowledge of the enemy's military organization. |
| RAYTECH SYSTEMS
968 Albany-Shaker Road Latham, NY 12110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 783-1722
John Tourtellott AF 98-214 |
| Title: | Real-Time Particle Graphics for Accurate Rendering of Gaseous and Particulate Volumes |
| Abstract: | Physically accurate, real-time image synthesis is critical for hardware-in-the-loop testing of advanced seeker systems. A major challenge is accurate rendering of gaseous and particulate volumes such as aircraft exhaust plumes and contrails. To advance the U.S. Air Force capabilities in this area, development of a generalized method other will compute and inject volume-based flow field imagery into mainstream (polygon-based) simulations is proposed. This method uses particle graphic to obtain very high image fidelity. Phase I will investigate two innovative approaches that will, for the first time, enable real-time performance in commercial graphic computing platforms. The first is a software solution that exploits the texture-mapping capabilities of low-cost graphics platforms. The second is an innovative hardware coprocessor capable of greater image speed an fidelity. The primary objective will be to determine the performance that can be realized used both approaches. This objective will be accomplished by implementing a software prototype that generate images from flow field data sets. Evaluation of the software prototype will provide the basis for developing a first-generation systems in Phase II. |
| MATHSOFT, INC.
1700 Westlake Avenue North Seattle, WA 98109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 283-8802
Jill E. Goldschneider, Ph AF 98-215 |
| Title: | Joint Target Detection and Lossy Compression of Tactical Sensor Data |
| Abstract: | More reliance is being placed in autonomous platforms to collect sensory data which are then transmitted to central sites for further processing and analysis. Efficient transmission of image data is essential and often requires lossy compression, which introduces error into the original data. The effects on associated processing tasks, such as target detection and recognition, can be detrimental if significant target features are corrupted. W propose to investigate the fundamental links between statistical nonparametric detection methods and investigate the use of adaptive wavelet transform tools for automated target or region of interest detection. In particular, we will investigate the links between vector quantization and tree-structured statistical detection tools and between hierarchical zerotree wavelet codecs and wavelet-based statistical detection algorithms. Based on the results of the initial study, we will develop a hybrid algorithm which provides high compression ratios while preserving accurate target detection capabilities. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
655 Aspen Ridge Drive Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Dr. Duane D. Smith AF 98-216 |
| Title: | Compact High Power Laser |
| Abstract: | A missing key component in current laser systems for target tracking/identification and optical remote sensors is a compact, high repetition rate, moderate average power (10W) laser operating at eyesafe wavelengths. To meet this need, a diode-pumped solid state laser is proposed which utilizes an exceptionally small and robust package scheme for high efficiency systems. The design capitalizes on an innovative Solid State Raman Laser (SSRL) operating at 1,5 micron wavelength. When compared to other IR lasers and frequency converters, SSRLs offer significant advantages: (1) beam clean-up, where low beam quality pump lasers are converted to near diffraction-limited eyesafe output: (2) temporal pulse compression, which enhances range resolution; (3) higher nonlinear gain; (4) small physical layouts; (5) lower cost crystals. Moreover, SSRLs are not birefringent phase matched, as optional parametric oscillators are, so high power operation is not limited by thermally-induced dephasing and nonlinear crystal temperature control is not required, reduced package complexity and size. Coupling CTI's experience in SSRLs with its established capability in turnkey flight-worthy systems will facilitate new dual-use lasers. Phase I will: (1) design and analyze the Phase II delivery system, (2) perform thermal; analysis of all components to ensure technical feasibility and, (3) validate the SSRL component in laboratory demonstrations. |
| MAXIOS LASER CORP.
6551 Sierra Lane Dublin, CA 94568 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 833-1969
Helmuth E. Meissner AF 98-216 |
| Title: | Compact Slab Waveguide Laser |
| Abstract: | Maxios Laser Corporation proposes to design and build Phase 1, a prototype Yb:YAG waveguide laser capable of generating greater than 10W of cw output power, and to develop a detailed energetic model benchmarking the performance of this cw Yb:YAG systems. The detailed design for a 10 W class, passively Q-switched Yb3+, Cr4+: YAG waveguide laser capable of delivering 1 nsec long pulses at a repetition orate of 10's of kHz. A recent demonstration of high numerical aperture waveguides has provided a basis for a new design approach to compact medium power DPSSL systems. The two principal features of this technology which Maxios Laser plans to exploit in Phase 1 are: (a) A cavity design compatible with using commercially available laser diode arrays as pump beams without employing focusing or coupling optics between the diode bar and the gain medium. (b) The high gain, which a waveguide configuration offers, enables a range of optical resonator designs that are conducive to producing diffraction limited output beams. After constructing a prototype cs laser in Phase 1, we will construct a compact modular passively q-switched laser system in Phase 2. |
| J.J.W. CONSULTING, INC.
122 Hidden Pond Circle Smithtown, NY 11787 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(516) 366-0921
Dr. Richard Augeri AF 98-217 |
| Title: | Very Low Cost Passive Millimeter Wave Imaging |
| Abstract: | The JJW/AIL System, Inc. team has proposed three MMW receiver architectures that result in a very low cost imagining system by utilizing wafer scale MMIC mixers and amplifiers. The first approach uses direct detection. A 95 Ghz Image Intensifier and a special bolometric FPA obtain passive images at 94 Ghz and in the IR spectral region (8-12 mm). The image intensifier uses an amplifier array with a gain of only 26.8 dB as compared to 40 dB required on existing systems. The bolometric array is fabricated via low cost thin film processes. The second approach uses a single quasi-optically injected LO on an array of Schottky mixers and IF amplifiers. The mixer array and IF amplifier array are fabricated using MMIC technology. The single LO greatly reduces the cost of the heterodyne receiver array. The third receiver employs a CW illuminator and the special bolometric FPA to enhance the image scene at 94 Ghz. This system is capable of both MMW and IR imaging. All three approaches provide greater than 10 x 15 degree FOR at 16msec frame rates and a NETD of 1K or less. The proposed Imaging Systems will cost about $10,000 in production quantities. |
| APPLIED RESEARCH ASSOC., INC.
4300 San Mateo Blvd NE Albuquerque, NM 87110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 883-3636
William L. Hacker AF 98-218 |
| Title: | Analysis of Alternatives (AOA) Study Tools |
| Abstract: | This work will investigate the feasibility of performing integrated cost/effectiveness analysis for Analysis of Alternatives (AOA) studies. The Modular Effectiveness/Vulnerability Assessment (MEVA) architecture will be adapted to support the various analysis elements required in AOA studies. The Phase I work will define the data types, data flow, and flow control required, along with the analysis modules necessary. From this deviation, a limited prototype will be developed. If shown to be feasible, a development plan to guide the Phase II work will also be produced. |
| DE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3620 Horizon Drive King of Prussia, PA 19406 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 270-9700
Dr. William Flis AF 98-218 |
| Title: | Measurement of Mechanical Properties of Explosives |
| Abstract: | The mechanical properties of explosives control directly their sensitivity due to shock and impact stimuli. The understanding and measurement of these properties are essential for developing insensitive explosives, and in designing hard-target-penetrating munitions. These properties include the strength under high pressure (pressure hardening) and the strength under dynamic loading (strain-rate hardening). Under a recent program support by the HERD at Eglin, we demonstrated the feasibility of a simple method of measuring these critical properties. This method utilizes a copper sleeve to encase the explosive specimen to provide a confining pressure during static or dynamic testing. In static tests, the sleeved specimen is compressed by a standard testing machine. In dynamic test, the sleeved specimen is projected against a stationary anvil, which is equivalent to a reversed Taylor impact test. Preliminary results have shown this method is feasible. In the proposed program, this method will be developed for practical applications. |
| EXPLOSIVE PULSED POWER INDUSTRIES
PO Box 4697 Los Alamos, NM 87544 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 672-1781
Robert F. Hoeberling AF 98-218 |
| Title: | Pulsed Power Generators with Dynamic Connectors |
| Abstract: | EPPI proposes to develop a test plan and design an experimental hardware testbed for discharging a cascaded Flux Compression Generator (FAG) pulser system in conjunction with explosively formed dynamic electrical connectors into an electrical load that meets the Munition Directorate's (AFRL/MN) requirements. Initial designs for compact seed and megajoule output FCGs are now being developed through a Phase II (contract F08630-97-C-0013) and will form the basis for this effort. The FCG designs previously developed will be modified to closely match into the electrical load defined by the dynamic connector's electrical parameters and the load as defined by AFRL/MN. The close matching of the FCG design can significantly increase the FCG performance. The connector design will be developed jointly by EPPI and a subcontractor to determine the space and time characteristics of the connector along with an estimate of the electrical parameters of the connector at various lengths. This effort builds on the FCG designs of the previously awarded Phase II and incorporates an entirely new aspect relating to the connectors and special requirements for coupling current onto the explosive dynamic electrical connector. EPPI will subcontract to Alliant Techsystms, a company with expertise in connector technology. |
| FREESTYLE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
4152 Aldrich Avenue South Minneapolis, MN 55409 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 968-7727
Donald Kennedy AF 98-218 |
| Title: | Rapid Direct Connection Technology |
| Abstract: | As pulsed power devices mature a requirement emerges for the efficient coupling of the power source of remote locations. For certain applications this coupling can take the form of existing high power switch/conditioning technology coupled with a suitable transmission line. For mobile, remote or harsh environments standard connection techniques are too bulky and require too much set-up time to be viable. Freestyle Technologies, Inc. proposes several innovative techniques to rapidly generate a conductive path between the pulsed power source and a remote point. |
| PULSE POWER PHYSICS, INC.
1039 Red Oaks Loop NE Albuquerque, NM 87122 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 856-1708
Charles A. Frost AF 98-219 |
| Title: | Electromagnetic Media Sensor |
| Abstract: | Earth penetrators are now extremely effective in passing through layers of earth, sand, concrete, and reinforced material to reach hard targets. The penetrating munitions would be even more effective against hardened targets such as underground bunkers if the high explosive charge could be detonated at the optimum location inside the bunker. We propose to develop and test a simple electromagnetic (EM) sensor to control detonation of the high explosive charge. The EM sensor will measure the local dielectric constant (er ) of the surrounding material using a resonant antenna. For said, soil, concrete, and other terrestrial and construction materials, er is much higher than for air so detection of voids will be robust. In addition, the EM sensor will give an analog output signal which allows identification of various media types. An oscillator circuit generates RF energy which is radiated by the antenna. Variations in er modify the antenna resonant frequency, pulling the oscillator frequency or causing variations in reflected power which are measured as the sensor output. Proof of concept experiments will be performed with a realistic electronic package in a model penetrator body. |
| ANDERSEN LABORATORIES, INC.
23 North Division Street Auburn, NY 13021 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 286-9090
Mr. Ray Sawin AF 98-220 |
| Title: | A Shock Hardened Precision Timer |
| Abstract: | Precision time bases capable to withstanding high shock application have been difficult to achieve due to the inherent sensitivity of stable, frequency control component to vibration and inertial loading. These limitations are due substantially to packaging requirements of the components, e.g. hermetic, non-surface-contracting enclosures. The assembled component and its package could not be rigidly mounted to meet shock requirements. This project addresses these limitations through the use of a precision resonator device mounted and potted directly on the oscillator circuit board. The resonator structure will be based on the STW (Surface Transverse Wave) resonator. Various resonator designs will be evaluated for compatibility with encapsulation. Prototype oscillators will be assembled and tested using resonators potted in situ. |
| AVEKA, INC.
2045 Wooddale Drive Woodbury, MN 55125 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(612) 730-1729
Gary Pozarnsky, Ph. D. AF 98-221 |
| Title: | Fluoropolymer Coating by In-Situ Polymerization on Dispersed Aluminum Nanoparticles |
| Abstract: | Nanophase metal particles are becoming increasingly important in areas such as powder metallurgy, catalysis and energetic materials. One of the more important nanophase metals is aluminum . Although several promising routes for the production of this material exist, not one of these synthesis techniques have successfully addressed the issue of the oxidation of these same nanoparticles, which lead to the destruction of the benefits arising from their nanophase dimensions. AVEKA, Inc. proposes the use of their proprietary aspirator/dispersion technology in combination with a gas evaporative process in order to form a stable nanoparticle dispersion in an inert solvent. Standard polymerization techniques will then be used to form a protective fluoropolymer coating around the aluminum nanoparticles in-situ. After separation from the dispersion medium, a stable free-flowing nanopowder will be formed, which would be suitable for applications in energetic materials and metallurgy. |
| TPL, INC.
3921 Academy Parkway North NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 342-4442
Erik Luther AF 98-221 |
| Title: | Nano-Particle Coating Technology -- Development and Modeling |
| Abstract: | Research into the energetic reaction of aluminum and TeflonTM nanoparticles was initiated at the Wright Laboratory Armament Directorate. A coating system to improve the handlability of nanosized aluminum powders and a model of the reaction mechanism was requested. The true thermodynamic nature of the reaction was not determined; however, the reaction rate of ~1 km/sec warrants further investigation. TPL's innovation is a material systems which incorporates aluminum nanoparticles passivated by a fluorinated polymer. The thickness of the coating will be alterable by simple procedures to tailor the reaction rate. Other chemical additives will be selected to alter the thermodynamic potential of the system. A physics based model will be developed. Dynamic tests will be performed to evaluate the powder and support model development. A fluorinated surfactant systems will be developed which adsorbs to aluminum nanoparticles. Polymerizable cosurfactants will be added to the system. The durability, oxygen permeability and thickness will be evaluated. A model will be developed to identify a deflagration or detonation reaction mechanism. TPL posses all the elements necessary for successful completion of the Phase I project, including knowledge of the synthesis, powder testing and explosives modeling. Several commercial opportunities for the energetic material have been identified. |
| COMBUSTION RESEARCH & FLOW TECH.
174 North Main Street Dublin, PA 18917 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 249-9780
Neeraj Sinha AF 98-222 |
| Title: | Modeling and Data Acquisition Research |
| Abstract: | A three-phase Navier-Stlkes code (CRAFT) that has been applied to varied multi-phase combustion problems, including high explosive (HE) detonation, blast wave interactions with bulk liquid, particulate dispersion and entrainment by turbulence, etc., will be specialized to address the end-to-end CB agent neutralization scenario. This computational framework includes large eddy simulation (LES) methodology for transient turbulent simulation and multi-step decomposition/combustion of condensed (liquid and solid) phase, in additional to generalized gas phase kinetics. In Phase I, a prototype model will be demonstrated for the complete sequence of events occurring from the onset of CB container rupture to dispersion/entrainment of partially neutralized BC agent into neighboring rooms of the storage facility, and culminating in atmospheric dispersion. The requisite-coupled methodology has been derived from simulations of atmospheric dispersion of CB agents resulting from threat missile intercept. The model utility will be demonstrated by conducting simulations of varied neutralization concepts in an end-to-end mode. Assessment of modeling parameters having the dominant influence on systems parameters (toxicity concentrations, dispersion range of CB agents, etc.) will be performed, and, the steps towards developing a systems-oriented engineering model via lumped parameter simplifications to advanced Navier-Stokes methodology, will be identified. |
| FAAC, INC.
825 Victors Way Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(313) 761-5836
Kurt Flosky AF 98-222 |
| Title: | 3-D Visualization Analyzer |
| Abstract: | FAAC Incorporated proposes to develop a 3-D Visualization Analyzer to aid with evaluation of weapon systems. The tool will provide an integrated environment capable of improving understanding and efficiency. The 3-D Visualization Analyzer will utilize data information produced by off line engineering simulations (or other suitable sources) to provide meaningful depiction of real world engagements involving 6-degree of Freedom entities representing launchers, weapons, and targets. The visual scene will comprise of textured polygons, satellite imagery, and detailed entity models. Operator controls will be provided to position the eyepoint and control frame rate with VCR-like controls. The main goal of the Phase I effort is to demonstrate the applicability of a visualization tool in evaluating performance of weapon systems. Phase I will include delivery of a usable prototype system to appraise the merit of visualization and serve as a basis for formulating Phase II development. |
| APPLIED RESEARCH ASSOC., INC.
4300 San Mateo Blvd NE Albuquerque, NM 87110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 883-3636
Diane Verner AF 98-223 |
| Title: | Smart Target Modeling Tool |
| Abstract: Abstract not available... | |
| SIMULATION TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
4210 Beulah Drive La Canada, CA 91011 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 457-1674
Dr. Eduardo Repetto AF 98-223 |
| Title: | Advanced Lagrangian Techniques for Complex Problem Analysis (Ground-Fixed Target Vulnerability Technology) |
| Abstract: | Understanding the interaction between munition and target is necessary for the optimization of the performance of both the target and the penetrator. Commercially available technoUnderstanding the interaction between munition and target is necessary for the optimization of the performance of both the target and the penetrator. Commercially available technology for the numerical simulation of ballistic penetration and shaped charges falls short of being able to reliably simulate damage to armors, runways, surface and buried concrete bunkers and other hardened underground targets. Our Lagrangian finite element based approach, with continuous adaptive remeshing, gives us the possibility of accurately simulating problems involving large deformations and fragmentation. Thermomechancial coupled models of models of brittle and ductile materials, cohesive material interfaces for layered material and contact algorithms able to solve complex multi-body contact situations, e.g. in fragmentation, are key pieced in our simulation package for impact penetration. logy for the numerical simulation of ballistic penetration and shaped charges falls short of being able to reliably simulate damage to armors, runways, surface and buried concrete bunkers and other hardened underground targets. Our Lagrangian finite element based approach, with continuous adaptive remeshing, gives us the possibility of accurately simulating problems involving large deformations and fragmentation. Thermomechancial coupled models of models of brittle and ductile materials, cohesive material interfaces for layered material and contact algorithms able to solve complex multi-body contact situations, e.g. in fragmentation, are key pieced in our simulation package for impact penetration. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Charles L. Goldey AF 98-224 |
| Title: | Multi-Pulsed Laser Illumination for Imaging |
| Abstract: | The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), Eglin AFB requires high temporal rate data from dynamic experiments in their effort to move to physics model from empirical based models. High resolution image data for fragment/target material dynamics and characterization is a key technology area that will facilitate this move but suitable illumination for use with high speed digital devices do not exist. Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop a high intensity illumination systems based on using a repetitively pulsed laser as the light source to fill this deficiency and meet the specific requirements of the solicitation. This Phase I program will address the high risk aspects of associated with developing a pulsed illumination system based on the repetitive Q-switching of a Nd:YAG laser which meets the requirements of the AFRL. Proof of principle experiments will be performed during this program and analysis will be conducted for the application of the device to high speed imaging. A Phase II contract award will result in a system being built and delivered to the AFRL where tests will be conducted to demonstrate the systems with digital camera and/or holographic cameras at the Advanced Warhead Evaluation facility or Ballistic Experiment Facility at Eglin AFB, FL. |
| SILICON MOUNTAIN DESIGN, INC.
5055 Corporate Plaza Drive Colorado Springs, CO 80919 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 599-7700
N. Eric Howard AF 98-225 |
| Title: | Integrated High Speed Ballistics Imaging System with Remote Operation and Wireframe Extraction |
| Abstract: | One of the challenges facing researchers who measure multiple fragment trajectories of modern weapons is the retrieval of useful data. Data is not simply a time record of two-dimensional images of the dynamic event. Useful data is, among others, the actual trajectory of those fragments. In order to acquire useful data, it is necessary to develop an interface between the time record of images and the desired data set. By making the interface as autonomous as possible, useful data can be gleaned from the images at a faster rate than can be acquired with a purely human interface. Furthermore, due to the tremendous amount of data that an be generated in a short period of time, and in hazardous environments, it is sometimes necessary to provide a hardware solution of transmitting the data from the hazardous environment to a safer one. Under the Phase I effort, SMD proposes to evaluate a total high-speed imaging system that can be remotely operated and controlled and is capable of 10,000,000 frames per second that can provide parameter extraction from a generated three-dimensional model. |
| COGNITION CORP.
209 Burlington Rd Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(972) 612-0448
Chuck Higgins AF 98-226 |
| Title: | Predictive Activity Based Cost Modeling Agent Network |
| Abstract: | An Activity-Based Costing (ABC) model utilizing autonomous agents will be developed to predict costs of machined airframe components. This model will build upon experience gained from development of an existing ABC subsystem under development at Lockheed Martin Aeronautical Systems Company and will be integrated into Cognition Corporation's expert system-based product, Cost Advantage. We will: Create a knowlese of the rules used to cost each activity within the selected aerospace-manufacturing domain. Develop autonomous software agents thataccess and manipulate a activity based costing data. Demonstrate innovative cost forecasting capabilities that include agent-enabled model maintenance and documentation of assumptions, knowledge bases, and data used for each cost forecast/analysis.The innovative extensions will include: A new cost modeling technology that extends current paric (Weight-based) and detailed (process-based) cost estimating methods. The first use of agents to maintain the accuracy of cost modelspdated activity, materials, and support costs.A new capability in design and management support, using ABC and agents to provide timely and detailed notification of deviations in cost elements that may require alterations in design approach or project scope. |
| INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
2800 28th Street Santa Monica, CA 90405 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 581-5440
Dr. Azad Madni AF 98-226 |
| Title: | Forecast/ABC: A Predictive Activity-Based Cost Modeling and Analysis Agent Network |
| Abstract: | The Phase I SBIR effort is concerned with development an Activity-Based Cost (ABC) modeling and analysis tool based on autonomous agent technology to improve cost forecasting for complex manufacturing systems. Historically, ABC has been employed as a descriptive mechanism for understanding the sources of costs based on activities that generate the costs, and not on the traditional material-labor-overhead (MLO) categories. However, with recent advances in modeling, simulation and autonomous with recent advances in modeling, simulation and autonomous agent technologies, the ability to model and simulate complex systems using a collection of simple, autonomous software agents that can be deployed concurrently has become entirely feasible. The Phase I effort is directed to creating a system concept , implementation architecture, and Phase II implementation plan for an autonomous agent-based ABC forecasting tool. The payoffs of such a tool are dramatic reduction in manufacturing costs and cycle time through: (a) early detection of non-value-added activities and waste; and (b) various ABC streamlining optimization strategies. Above all, given the diagnostic and predictive nature of the tool, managers and executives will be able to: (a) gain better control of their processes through increased visibility into the sources of cost; and (b) maintain such control because of the diagnostic predictions made possible by the tool. |
| JAMCORP.
17 Jonspin Rd wILMINGTON, MA 01887 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 988-0099
Mr Jon Priluck AF 98-227 |
| Title: | Demonstration of the Manufacture of Lattice Block Materials as a Solid Freeform Fabrication Technique |
| Abstract: | The objective of the proposed work is the demonstration of the feasibility of using Lattice Block Materials (LBMs) in the cost effective manufacturing of high performance structures for aerospace and commercial applications. Specifically JAMCORP proposes to demonstrate the manufacture of a representative sample of missile fin cores using LBM technology.Lattice Block Materials are a new class of materials which make use of proven and well-understood concepts and principles of trusses and space frames. These principles are applied at a size and scale previously thought to be impractical to implement from a manufacturing point of view. JAMCORP has successfully developed and demonstrated a manufacturing process to produce components having unusually high strength to weight rations. The physical properties of LBM, such as temperature resistance and hardness, closely reflect the physical properties of the parent or base material whether it is any metal alloy, plastic, or polymer. |
| NONVOLATILE ELECTRONICS, INC.
11409 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(612) 996-1629
Catherine A. Nordman AF 98-228 |
| Title: | Damage Detection in Aircraft Using Giant Magnetoresistance Sensors and Remote Field Eddy Current Techniques |
| Abstract: | We propose the development of an improved crack and corrosion detection system for hidden defects in multilayered metal structures typical of aircraft. Remote field eddy current (RFEC) techniques will be combined with an array of sensitive, broadband, giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors to detect damage deep within the structures. The system offers improved detection without the limitations of skin effects common to conventional eddy current methods, or the frequency limitations of commonly used induction coil sensors. In Phase I we will model and explore the advantages of the RFEC technique combined with an array of sensors. We also propose to develop a GMR sensor specifically suited to the detection requirements. In Phase II we would use the developmental studies to build a prototype system. |
| TPL, INC.
3921 Academy Parkway North NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 342-4475
Eric S. Boltz, PhD AF 98-228 |
| Title: | A Magnetoresistive, Remote-Field Eddy-Current Probe for Use with the Boeing MAUS III Scanner |
| Abstract: | Remote-field eddy-current techniques offer a powerful tool for the detection of deeply-buried damage in aging aircraft. Coil -based system, however, have poop sensitivity to the low frequencies used in remote-field measurements. What is needed is a remote field probe that utilizes a superior low-frequency magnetic field sensor.TPL, in collaboration with Boeing and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), will design, build and field test a remote-field probe based on a magnetoresistive detector. The prototype will be integrated with Boeing's MAUS III System for field evaluation. Prototype performance will be compared with both conventional coil-based sensors and with advanced magnetoresistive eddy-current sensors. The results of these comparisons will serve as a quantitative assessment of the new technique. TPL has pioneered the development of advanced magnetoresistive sensors for NDE applications and has a proven track-record in the commercialization of new technologies. By teaming with NIST and the Boeing Company, TPL can utilized the most advanced magnetic sensors and integrate this new technology with a proven, widely-used scanning system to assess its real-world performance potential. The inclusion of data from both conventional and emerging technologies will provide an objective assessment of both the fundamental and realizable sensitivity limits of this new technique. |
| UTILITY DEVELOPMENT CORP.
112 Naylon Ave Livingston, NJ 07039 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(973) 994-4334
Harry S. Katz AF 98-229 |
| Title: | Affordable, Improved Plastic Patterns for Percision Investment Castings |
| Abstract: | Our main objective will be to investigate and develop an affordable injected plastic for pattern making of investment cast jet engine components. The developed plastic will have better "burn-out" characteristics than currently used pattern materials and will be readily moldable for fine details and good die fill. UDC will prove the feasibility and potential advantages of the new materials and modified processing methods during this Phase I program. UDC will develop an affordable approach to minimize the cost of the die as well as the pattern making process. The developed materials will be tested by the fabrication of small parts. The tests will include flowability, ease of molding, shrinkage and low temperature clean burn out. The developed materials and processing will be demonstrated by the fabrication and testing of small investment casting by the end users. At the end of Phase I, we will provide a report with results and conclusions, and a Phase II plan, schedule and cost estimate. |
| STEP TOOLS, INC.
1223 Peoples Ave Troy, NY 12180 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 276-2848
Blair Downie AF 98-230 |
| Title: | SESAME: STEP Entry for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises |
| Abstract: | During Phase I, we will develop the technology for a field use instrument to determine the residual stress, fatigue damage and remaining service life for aging metal structures. The technology will be based on a state-of -the-art wide-angle x-ray detector recently developed at ATMI. The life span estimation will use the measured micro-defect density to compare to a paramedic life span map based on the alloy composition, residual stress and loading conditions. The map will be based on the structural change of diffraction peaks form multiple individual grains during the course of fatigue life. We will demonstrate the feasibility of rapid fatigue damage determination for representative materials by testing representative samples of the three most common crystal cell structures for engineering metals, making the technology applicable for steels, aluminum, nickel and titanium alloys The samples will undergo high circle teensy/compression, bending and corosion loading. Validation of the life span map will be accomplished by interrupting high cycle fatigue tests, predicting remaining life, and subsequently cycling the sample to failure. Successful completion of the Phase I effort will culminate in the production of a field use instrument to be built and delivered at the completion of the Phase II program. |
| FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY, INC.
4141 Colonel Glenn Highway Beavercreek, OH 45431 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 429-3302
Sam Boykin AF 98-231 |
| Title: | Weapon System Integrated Cost Model: An Automated Methodology for Affordability Evaluation |
| Abstract: | Laboratory developers and planners are required to prioritize the development of technologies for new systems relative to user needs. Designs for these new systems typically only exist at the conceptual level, yet trade studies much be performed to assess cost and effectiveness, as well as overall affordability. Developers and planners require a methodology and tool-set which enable concept cost and affordability estimation based on industry standards for development and production costs, and accurate system operating costs.Objectives of this SBIR are to refine a methodology for estimating total system life-cycle affordability considering cost as an independent variable and based on performance and operational requirements. The Cost Estimating Model (CEM) developed during this research project will be based on an existing cost tool developed for the Air Force Materiel Command Technical Planning Integrated Product Teams. The CEM will be capable of operating as a separate model or as a functional element of a more detailed Weapon System Integrated Cost Model. The Phase I program will demonstrate feasibility of the proposed approach, develop the required top-level affordability relationships and provide a prototype. The Phase II program would fully develop the tool and integrate it into the comprehensive Weapon System Integrated Cost Model. |
| HJ FORD
1111 Jefferson Davis Highway Arlington, VA 22202 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 427-1300
Laurent J. Legault AF 98-231 |
| Title: | Weapon Systems Integration Cost Model (WS-ICM) |
| Abstract: | The Air Force Research Laboratory Materials and Manufacturing Directorate (AFRL/MLMS) has initiated a multi-phase project to produce a Weapon System Integrated Cost Model (WS-ICM). To support the requirements presented by rapidly changing weapons acquisition environments, WS_ICM's methodology is based on cost as an independent variable through the total life cycle. The model comprises three modules: the cost Estimating Model (CEM): the production cost Model (PCM); and the Operational and Support Model (OSM). The implementation of the WS-ICM will provide a reliable data base for program management decision-making consistent with Acquisition Reform.This SBIR Phase I results in a conceptual, computer-based OSM module design that integrates with the CEM and PCM modules forming a conceptual WS-ICM. The OCM can be used throughout the weapon's life-cycle to support both the Aeronautical System Center's program offices and Air Logistics Centers.The potential benefits include: 1)an integrated tool that enables complex logistics trade-off decisions-where none exists today; 2)linkage of existing analytical operational and support (O&S) tools with an O&S database to redefine this parametric data with actual O&S cost data as the system is fielded; and 3) accommodation of O&S programmatic decisions. |
| NOBLE SOLUTIONS
5705 Tibet Dr Huber Heights, OH 45424 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 235-0843
Henry Noble AF 98-231 |
| Title: | Weapon System Integrated Cost Model (WS-ICM) Task A With Context to CEM and OSM |
| Abstract: Abstract not available... | |
| TECOLOTE RESEARCH, INC.
5290 Overpass Rd Bldg D Santa Barbara, CA 93111 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 427-5300
Harmon T. Withee AF 98-231 |
| Title: | A Weapon System - Integrated Cost Model for Aircraft: The Aircraft System Cost Estimating Tool (ASCET) |
| Abstract: | Cost constraints can have a significant impact on the design, production, performance, and supportability of a weapons system. The USAF needs models and cost tools that accurately evaluate the tradeoffs among these requirements throughout a system's life cycle. No generally applicable cost models are available that effectively integrate all phases of a weapon system and actively trade-off cost, schedule, performance, and supportability factors on an equal basis. The Manufacturing Technology Division at WPAFB is coordinating the development and employment of a Weapon System Integrated Cost Modes (WS-ICM). The WS-ICM will estimate complete life cycle costs of a weapon system with tools designed for specific phases. A Production Cost Model is in development Models for the other two phases are needed. Tecolote Research has pioneered an innovative approach to objective cost estimating for advanced technology systems. Our Aircraft System Cost Estimating Tool (ASCET) (pronounced "asset) uses a hybrid estimating methodology that incorporates the best attributes of parametric and build cost estimating and provides a design based cost estimate from minimal inputs. ASCET can also iterate cost as an independent variable (CAIV) back through design tools to identify a feasible, preducible design that meets both operational and financial requirements. |
| ENIGMATICS, INC.
P.O. BOX 39111 WASHINGTON, DC 20016 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(202) 244-4392
DAAVID L. BOOK AF 98-232 |
| Title: | Small Air Breathing Vector Thrust PDE (VTPDE) for UAV and Other Applications |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I proposal is aimed at increasing power density, enhancing modularity, and reducing cost through the use of Pulse Detonation Engines (PDEs). The proposed propulsion system is based on a new engine concept that provides higher specific impulse than rockets or tubojets. It is more efficient than conventional engines because of its constant-volume, nonsteady operating cycle and has no moving parts in the power productin section. In PDEs a detonation wave is initiated in a mixture of aspirated air and fuel and propagates axially in the detonation chamber. Thurst is generated when the wave impinges on the thrust wall. The use of multiple chambers allows thrust vectoring and enhances engine reliability and efficiency. PDEs are more efficient than tubojets at small scale, require no exotic materials, and are less expensive to build. Their structural efficiency is greater than that of IC engines and they can operate at higher speeds. They avoid the power density limitations of electric power generation and the low specific impulse of solid propellants, and can incorporate thrust vectoring and thrust level control, which enhances maneuverability. We will develop and demonstrate a low-cost air-breathing propulsion system that can be used for existing systems and adapted to future advanced programs. |
| INNOVATIVE SCIENTIFIC SOLUTIONS, INC.
2786 INDIAN RIPPLE ROAD DAYTON, OH 45440 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 252-2706
LARRY P. GOSS AF 98-232 |
| Title: | Advanced Sensors for High-Temperature and -Pressure Combustion Environments |
| Abstract: | One of the major challenges of advanced propulsion systems is the extreme temperatures and pressures at which these devices will operate. In particular, temperatures in excess of 2700K and pressures in excess of 50 atm are likely to be encountered in the near future. Since current sensors used in aero-propulsion control and monitoring systems cannot withstand these harsh environments, novel sensor technologies must be developed for advanced propulsion systems. The principal objective of the proposed research program is to develop advanced sensors capable of withstanding the high-temperature and - presure environments of advanced propulsion systems. Novel sensors for both temperature and species concentration (emissions monitoring) are proposed. The sensors will be designed to improve accuracy and survivability in the hot section of future combustors. Three unique sensor developments efforts are proposed: 1) A fiberoptic-based thermometer, 2) A novel gas-sampling probe, and 3) A species-concentration measurement system based on absorption spectroscopy, |
| PC KRAUSE & ASSOC., INC.
3016 COVINGTON STREET WEST LAFAYETTE, IN 47906 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(765) 494-3343
BRIAN T. KUHN AF 98-232 |
| Title: | Multi-Level Heterogeneous Modeling of F22 Electrical |
| Abstract: | Recently, PCKA personnel developed a modeling technique that will revolutionize power/drive system simulation. Therein, a detailed state model is automatically developed from a circuit description of the power/drive system component. This approach, which is referred to as an automated state model generator (ASMG), markedly reduces the engineering time needed to implement a detailed simulation that is typically orders of magnitude faster than using other circuit-based approaches. In spite of these breakthroughs, the complexity of typical systems that are being considered by DoD agencies is such that it remains impractical to implement a detailed simulation of the entire system in a homogeneous computational environment on even the most powerful workstations using commercial simulation programs. The objective of the Phase I research is to determine the feasibility of an automated model interconnection algorithm for the F22 electrical power subsystem that selects component models of the appropriate detail, identifies potential model-order reductions, identifies computational subsystems to be implemented on parallel networked computers, and supplies the appropriate information to the server to synchronize the overall simulation. The research proposed herein is necessary to take full advantage of the capabilities provided by recent and anticipated commercial developments in heterogeneous network computing. |
| STRESS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
1800 BRIGHTON-HENRIETTA TOWN ROCHESTER, NY 00166 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(716) 424-2010
DR. MICHAEL J. ROMER AF 98-232 |
| Title: | USAF Engine Maintenance Cost Analysis Based on Probabilistic |
| Abstract: | To aid the USAF in meeting it's IHPTET maintenance cost reduction goals, Stress Technology Incorporated proposes a probabilistic engineering, risk-based economic assessment tool for analyzing maintenance cost reduction. The software tool will integrate state-of-the-art probabilistic engineering analysis, maintenance cost models, and an NPV-based (Net Present Value) economic assessment to assess how newly designed/refurbished engine components will impact base/depot level maintenance costs. The tool could eventually be utilized as an USAF "standard" for quantifying cost reductions from engine component suppliers and OEM's. In addition, the tool will also provide insight into optimum inspection and maintenance intervals based on the analysis results.During this Phase I effort, the probabilistic engineering/risk analysis and NPV-based economic cost analysis model will be developed to assess the cost benefits of new damage tolerant designs in terms of specified maintenance plans. Engineering information from several sources including; 1.) Historical and empircal component failure databases, 2.) Probabilstic FE (BLADE-GT) design analysis for HCF, LCF, and creep failure modes and 3.) Measured mission profiles from existing Engine Health Monitoring (EHM) systems will be utilized as multi-level engineering inputs to the program. By working directly with OEM's, in particular GEs COMPEAT$TM Cost Model Team, current maintenance cost analysis procedures and techniques for integrating probabilistic engineering design/analysis will be studied so that this program will remain consistent with current industry procedures. As a result of the Phase I effort, the maintenance cost comparison/optimization tool will accept the probabilistic engineering results/data from any of these levels to assess the maintenance cost benefits of new component designs or optimal replacement/refurbish/refurbishment intevals for specified components.The proposed program has genuine support from GE Aircraft Engines and Allison Advanced Development Company, both of which recognize, the benefits of a maintenance cost analysis program utilizing probabilistic component lifting and risk analysis programs and represents unparalleled value to the USAF. |
| AVEOX, INC.
331324 VIA COLINAS #103 WESTLAKE VILLAGE, CA 91362 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 597-8915
DAVID PALOMBO AF 98-234 |
| Title: | HIGH PERFORMANCE ELECTRIC MOTOR FOR UAV |
| Abstract: | Electric-powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are becoming more prominent component of the militaries' arsenal. Brushless DC motors are the most efficient and lightest weight of all motor topologies, and is the most common type of motor used for propulsion. Aveox proposes to develop a state-of-the art brushless electric motor system for a high altitude UAV. This motor will drive a 6ft Dia. propeller without the use of a gear box. The basis for the design will be a continuation of the work that Aveox has been doing under a Joint Sponsored Research Project (JSR) with Boeing Aircraft, UCLA and NASA. The motor currently under development incorporates advanced materials and promises to set a new standard for power density and efficiency. Aveox proposes to further optimize the motor through three separate efforts: 1) Design a light-weight cooling system incorporating heat pipes, 2) Create an extremely light weight housing made from carbon fiber and 3) Further optimize the magnetic circuit via length and widing changes. the results of Aveox's efforts will be a motor system design suitable for flight tests inthe Phae II development. |
| AVEOX, INC.
31324 VIA COLINAS #103 WESTLAKE VILLAGE, CA 91362 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 597-8915
DAVID PALOMBO AF 98-234 |
| Title: | HIGH PERFORMANCE ELECTRIC MOTOR FOR UAV |
| Abstract: | Electric-powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are becoming more prominent component of the militaries' arsenal. Brushless DC motors are the most efficient and lightest weight of all motor topologies, and is the most common types of motor used for propulsion. Aveox proposes to develop a state-of-the-art brushless electric motor system for a high altitude UAV. This motor will drive a 6 ft Dia. propeller without the use of a gear box. The basis for the design will be a continuation of the work that Aveox has been doing under a Joint Sponsored Research Project (JSR) with Boeing Aircraft, UCLA and NASA. The motor currently under development incorporated advanced materials and promises to set a new standard for power density and efficiency. Aveox proposes to further optimize the motor through three separate efforts: 1.) Design a light-weight cooling system incorporating heat pipes, 2.) Create an extremely light weight housing made from carbon fiber and 3.) Futher optimize the magnetic circuit via length and winding changes. The results of Aveox's efforts will be a motor system design suitable for flight tests in the Phase II development. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 NEW ENGLAND BUSINESS CENTER ANDOVER, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
MICHAEL C. KIMBLE AF 98-234 |
| Title: | REGENERATIVE MICRO-FUEL CELL FOR UAVS |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovative Research Phase I Project develops a compact regenerative proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The design approach for this project is specific to the development of an electrolyzer and fuel cell unit giving an energy storage capability greater than 250 W-hr/kg. A modular arrangement of membrane and electrode assemblies gives a wide variety of fuel cell designs for variable power and voltage applications while maintaining low weights. The improved packaging design allows power densities much greater than 1 kW/liter to be obtained. Coupled with the innovative design, the electrochemical reactions for both anode and cathode are optimized to take advantage of the design approach. The major benefits of the proposed approach are a higher power density and specific energy density that are attainable independent of orientation, a feature that allows wider applicability and usage of the fuel cell and electrolyzer unit. |
| TDA RESEARCH, INC.
12345 W. 52ND AVE WHEAT RIDGE, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 940-2318
MR BRADEY L. HITCH AF 98-235 |
| Title: | COMBUSTION INITIATORS FOR HIGH SPEED AIRCRAFT APPLICATIONS |
| Abstract: | The high air velocity and relatively low air temperature in the combustors of hydrocarbon-fueled scramjet engines lead to long ignition delays, and problems with flame holding, combustion stability and heat release. These problems are particularly severe near the ram/scram mode transition. High internal air velocities and long ignition delays can require long combustor lengths to allow heat release from the fuel before it passes into the exhaust nozzle. Excessive combustor lengths and large flameholding recirculation zones cause large fuel heat loads and internal total pressure losses, hurting cycle performance and limiting the maximum flight speed. Use of a combustion initiator to improve the reactivity of the fuel and shorten the ignition delay could allow the combustor to be shortened and eliminate the draggy flameholding recirculation zones. This would substantially improve overall cycle performance, decrease the heat loads imposed on the fuel, decrease engine weight, and allow higher flight speeds. Metering of the initiator compound into the fuel could also allow control over the heat release profile within the engine. |
| BEAM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
110 N. CAYUGA ITHACA, NY 14850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(607) 273-4367
GAL BERKOOZ, PHD AF 98-236 |
| Title: | THE DERIVATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF REDUCED KINETIC MODELS FOR PRACTICAL AVIATION FUELS |
| Abstract: | Combustion chemistry has a key role in the design of low emission and high speed propulsion. The knowledge of the chemistry of relevant practical fuels has reached the point where design problems can in principle be addressed from a rigorous scientific perspective. However, the introduction of detailed chemical reaction mechanisms into complex design computations is not practical at the present time. Systematic reduction approaches have found general application in the area of combustion chemistry and it has been shown that large gains in computational efficiency may be achieved. Inevitable difficulties arise due to the numeric properties of heavily reduced mechanisms and the range of applicability of such mechanisms is often severely curtailed. Limitation of this type may be essentially removed through the use of in site adaptive tabulation techniques (ISAT) which permit consideration of a much larger number of species. Efficiency gains of about 1000 times, compared to the approach of direct integration of the corresponding rate equations, may be obtained. The technique is also ideally suited for use in conjunction with transported pdf calculations of reactive turbulent flows. The present proposal outlines the most promising route for the implementation of aviation fuel chemistry into design computations. |
| REACTION ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL
77 WEST 200 SOUTH SALT LAKE CITY, UT 84101 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 364-6925
DR. MARC A. CREMER AF 98-236 |
| Title: | DEVELOPING REDUCED CHEMICAL MECHANISMS FOR AVIATION FUELS |
| Abstract: | The proposed research involves the development of a strategy for simplifying detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms for aviation fuels. A detailed mechanism describing the combustion of practical aviation fuels has recently been developed, Due to the large size and complexity of this mechanism, incorporation into state of the art CFD codes for simulation of turbulent reacting flows is precluded. The proposed work investigates the use of two reduction strategies, namely reduced mechanism methods and low dimensional manifold methods. These particular methods were chosen due to their current state of development and degree of automation. The research involves the development of reduced descriptions of the detailed chemistry using both approaches along with work to validate the proposed reductions. Physical properties of importance are pollutant formation (NOx and soot), major species concentrations, radical concentrations, temperatuare, and ignition delay. Feasibility of both approaches will be determined and the best approach selected for implementation in Phase II. Near the completion of the Phase I work, techniques for tabulation of the reduced chemistry will be investigated. |
| INNOVATIVE SCIENTIFIC SOLUTIONS, INC.
2786 INDIAN RIPPLE ROAD DAYTON, OH 45440 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 252-2706
GREGORY J. FIECHTNER PHD AF 98-237 |
| Title: | A PHASE SENSITIVE IMAGINE SYSTEM FOR COMBUSTION DIAGNOSTICS APPLICATIONS |
| Abstract: | The proposed Phase I SBIR Program targets the development of a high-repetition rate phase-sensitive CCD. The camera will be used for quantitative concentration measurements using high-repetition rate (from 1kHz to 80 MHz) picosecond-pulsed lasers with coherent pump/probe multidimentional imaging. Development of the camera will be carried out during Phase I of the program initially using a commercially-available signal analysis software package, and will consider detectors, signal processing techniques, readout methods, filters, and A/D systems. The software model results will then be evaluated using discrete electronic elements on circuit boards, clocked using multiple output pulse generators. In particular, DC rejection will be examined using switched capacitor filtering, direct DSP filtering, and DSP-based matched filtering. One of these discrete element mock-ups will be evaluated in pump/probe experiment, followed by a test of a fast linear array imager. As part of this study, image storage and retrieval will be examined. Near the end of the Phase I project, we will design a camera system based on an existing CCD or design a new CCD chip to be developed during Phase II. |
| LOS GATOS RESEARCH
67 EAST EVELYN AAVE MOUNTAIN VIEW, CA 94041 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 965-7772
DR. JAMES J. SCHERER AF 98-237 |
| Title: | PLANAR FAR-INFRARED UPCONVERSION SPECTROSCOPY FOR COMBUSTIN IMAGING |
| Abstract: | Los Gatos Research proposes to develop a new absorption based technique which allows two-dimensional chemically specific images of flames to be obtained on a rapid timescale. This new approach will allow species selective far-infrared absorption spectra to be obtained for both laminar as well as tubulent flames, in both cases yielding a two-dimensional image in real time. The system can operate continuously with a data update interval of less than one second. The new approach incorporates a unique spectral selection scheme for high resolution scanning of the far-infrared spectral region, which is achieved simply through adjustment of the signal processing electronics. |
| SADDLEBACK AEROSPACE
3611 262ND AVE SE ISSAQUAH, WA 98029 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 391-5667
JACK M. FRYERS AF 98-238 |
| Title: | HIGH TEMPERATURE BLEED AIR/FUEL HEAT EXCHANGER DEVELOPMENT |
| Abstract: | Advancing technology for aircraft turbine engines, as defined in the IHPTET initiative, will place increasingly severe thermal and structural demands on the components of the engine hot section. Materials technology is currently being developed with the goal of satisfying the demands of IHPTET Phase III and the future concepts engine. Although these materials will reduce the requirements for thermal management, some of the hot section components will still require cooling to lower temperatures than the available air streams, thus requiring that some of the engine cooling air be cooled to a lower temperature prior to use. The need for such "cooled cooling air" (CCA) defines a new thermal management requirement for future engine systems.Evaluation of resources to provide the required cooled cooling air indicate that the engine fuel is the most promising candidate to provide the necessary heat sink. To provide the necessary CCA using fuel as the primary coolant will require the use of fuel-air heat exchangers with enhanced capabilities, as compared to current conventional technology. Heat exchangers for this application must be capable of operating at high temperatures, with large temperature differences between the two streams, and must be designed to provide a very high level of system integrity, to avoid the safety hazards associated with leakage in fuel-air components. |
| ADVANCED MICROMACHINES, INC.
11000 CEDAR AVENUE CLEVELAND, OH 44106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(216) 229-4636
CHRISTOPHER BANG AF 98-239 |
| Title: | HIGH-PERFORMANE HEAT SINKS BASED ON MEMS TECHNOLOGY |
| Abstract: | We propose high-performance heat sinks based on MEMS technology for cooling of advanced electronics. Our approach combines innovative designs, new microfabrication techniques, and high conductance materials resulting in extremely low thermal resistance and high heat load capacities in a compact and cost effective design, By using MEMS batch fabrication, the heat sinks can be made inexpensively, especially compared with complex forced liquid convention cooling systems made by conventional means. Furthermore, MEMS-based heat sinks will be smaller, lighter, and more amenable to incorporation into dense and space limited electronics systems than conventional heat sink technology. Opportunities exist for both passive and active cooling systems, in military and commercial electronics applications. |
| APPLIED SCIENCES, INC.
PO BOX 579 cEDARVILLE, OH 45314 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
( 93) 776-2020
GERALD GLASGOW AF 98-239 |
| Title: | LI-ION BATTERY WITH NANOFIBER CARBON COMPOSITE ANODE |
| Abstract: | Low cost, high performance carbon fiber anodes to enable a new generation of high-power lithium-ion batteries is proposed. A vapor grown carbon fiber, called Pyrograf-IIITM carbon fiber, with size and morphology which can be varied over a wide range will be optimized for anode utilization. The relationship between the carbon fiber structural parameters and its electrochemical performance is addressed in the Phase I effort, with the objective of demonstrating substantial improvement over existing carbons used for this purpose. We will investigate effects of fiber crystallinity, degree of graphene plane orientation, surface morphology, aspect ratio, and density of edges L/L on the electrochemical performance of the carbon fibers in terms of capacity for lithium intercalation, rate of intercalation, first cycle irreversibility, and cycle life. |
| F&S, INC.
PO BOX 11704 BLACKSBURG, VA 24062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 953-4290
WADE PULLIAM AF 98-240 |
| Title: | EXTREMELY HIGH TEMPERATURE, MIROMACHINED, FIBER OPTIC PRESSURE AND SKIN FRICTION SENSORS FOR COMBUSTING FLOWS |
| Abstract: | The technology now exists to construct a SiC micromachined, sapphire waveguide, skin friction and pressure sensor that can operate at the extremely high temperatures of ramjet/scramjet combustors. This design offers the ability to obtain measurements in flow regimes that have proven nearly impossible in the past. The data obtained by these senors will be invaluable for validation and development of CFD codes for combusting flows. This instrumentation is crucial to the development and operation of affordable, effective, and efficient 21st century aircraft and weapon systems. The accurate measurement of skin friction and pressure in fluid dynamic devices is important for understanding the basic fluid physics involved and assessing the performance of the device, leading to improvements in the design and operation of future high-speed transportation systems.An excellent, development team has been assembled including Proessor Joseph Schetz of Virginia Tech, a world leader in skin friction measurements, AeroSoft, a world leader in CFD software development, Litton Poly-Scientific, experts in micromachining technologies, TaiTech, experts in wind tunnel instrumentation, and F&S, a leader in fiber optic sensor development and commecialization. The F&S team is both qualified and motivated to build upon their combined demonstrated capabilities to accomplish this development and commercialization project. |
| MOHAWK INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY, INC.
437 NEW KARNER RD ALBANY, NY 12205 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 862-4288
HOOSHANG HESHMAT AF 98-241 |
| Title: | HIGH TEMPERATURE MAGNETI AUXILIARY BEARINGS |
| Abstract: | Active Magnetic Bearings (AMBs), with their ability to electronically manipulate rotor system dynamics, add damping as required and operate at high temperatures without lubricants, provide an attractive alternative to conventional oil lubricated bearing systems. Offsetting the many advantages of the AMB however, are it's sensitivity to transient shock events and the lack of a built in fail safe mechanism. Total magnetic/auxiliary bearing system weight must also be addressed for aerospace applications. To address this need, MiTi has conceived an auxiliary bearing that will provide the appropriate auxiliary rotor support in the event that either a bearing overload is encountered or complete system electrical failure occurs.The overall objective of this program is to develop a high-temperature, light-weight auxiliary bearing for magnetically supported gas turbine engine rotors. To achieve this goal, a preliminary high-temperature, light-weight design of a MiTi Zero Clearance Auxiliary Bearing (ZCAB), suitable for large gas turbine engine application, will be established. Specifically, 1) an existing MiTi low temperature ZCAB design will be modified to address high-load, high temperature operation in a flight worthy gas turbine engine configuration, 2) Assess the impact that ZCAB will have on total bearing system weight and size, and 3) Establish the dynamic test system plan for Phase II verification testing. |
| INNOVATIVE SCIENTIFIC SOLUTIONS, INC.
2786 INDIAN RIPPLE ROAD DAYTON, OH 45440 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 252-2706
SIVARAM P. GOGINENI PHD AF 98-242 |
| Title: | OPTIMIZATION AND ACTIVE CONTROL OF FILM COOLING |
| Abstract: | The proposed SBIR program targets the development of advanced concepts for film cooling of turbine airfoils. Through a combined experimental and computational effort, the proposed team will develop a CFD-based design-optimization tool that can be integrated into the existing turbine design loop and aid the designers in pursuing the optimal cooling geometry and strategy. The CFD program to facilitate such an optimization procedure is a well tested and constantly maintained finite-volume code. The entire design tool as well as its resulting optimal concepts will be validated by comparison with flow and hear-transfer data obtained from a series advanced optical measurement systems. The development of advanced instruments associated with these measurements alone can significantly benefit the general areas of turbine research and development. For practical implementation of the optimal designs and advanced concepts in real engines, the proposed team intends to make use of the emerging technology in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS). Active thermal and flow control on the coolant side and on part of the metal section of turbine airfoil using newly developed high-temperature, silicon-carbide-based microsensors and actuators has recently become possible. The proposed research will launch a feasibility study, followed by actual development of innovative sensors and actuators. |
| COFFINBERRY & ASSOC., INC.
8238 LAKE RIDGE DRIVE WEST CHESTER, OH 45069 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(513) 777-7369
GEORGE COFFINBERRY AF 98-243 |
| Title: | INDIRECT COOLING SYSTEM |
| Abstract: | A Phase I analytical program is proposed for an indirect means of reducing the temperature of gas turbine engine hot-section cooling air. The Indirect Cooling System (ICS) uses engine fuel as the heat sink in a manner similar to work already accomplished by the USAF IHPTET program. ICS provides additional advantages in terms of fire safety, reduction in exposure time to fuel deposit formation, the ability to remove and maintain the fuel heat exchanger and the ability to optimize the design of the fuel heat exchanger for reduced deposit rates independent of the design of the air heat exchanger.The program includes preliminary design of all hardware relating to the ICS, steady-state and transient code analysis of key components and the overall system, and code prediction of fuel deposit formation rates and their performance effects. Comparison will be made between ICS and the current IHPTET direct heat transfer approach.The program also includes definition of a fuel deposit test program including the detail design of the test hardware. This test program would further advance USAF high temperature fuel technology by focusing on the deposit influence of heat exchanger geometry, surface coatings, and high Reynolds number. |
| TDA RESEARCH, INC.
12345 W. 52ND AVE WHEAT RIDGE, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 940-2350
DR. DAVID T. WICKHAM AF 98-243 |
| Title: | ADDITIVES TO REDUCE COKING IN ENDOTHERMIC FUEL HEAT EXCHANGERS |
| Abstract: | Aircraft designed for hypersonic flight use fuel to cool the ramjet/scramjet propulsion system. Sensible heating and endothermic reactions are used to provide cooling and may produce fuel temperatures that exceed 1200 degrees F. At these temperatures carbonaceous deposits (coke) form. These deposits can inhibit fuel flow, reduce heat transfer, and create hot spots. Coke deposits are known to form by three different mechanisms: 1) An oxidative mechanism involving dissolved oxygen, 2) a reaction between the fuel and metals in the flow path walls that produces carbon filaments, and 3) A gas phase mechanism in which high molecular weight hydrocarbons are formed from the products of thermal cracking reactions (condensation mechanism). Although methods are currently available for controlling the first two coke formation pathways, a means to control the third mechanism is needed.Thus, the objective of the proposed work is to identiy compounds that can be added to the fuel to inhibit the coke formed by the condensation mechanism. In Phase I, TDA will add candidate suppressants to fuel and measure their effect on coke deposition rates. |
| ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY MATERIALS, INC.
7 COMMERCE DRIVE DANBURY, CT 06810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 794-1100
GREG STAUF AF 98-244 |
| Title: | HIGH TEMPERATURE INTEGRATED CAPACITORS |
| Abstract: | Next generation power electronic systems for military aircraft will require capacitors with reliable performance at temperatures from -55 up to 300 degrees C and beyond for filters, power converters and other control circuitry. Thin film integrated passive devices with lower dissipation and electrical leakage will also be needed, especially at high frequencies. Thin films have inherently high breakdown strengths, and high quality thin film dielectrics of barium strontium titanate (BST) have been shown to have superior charge storage density. Further, modification of BST of certain B-site dopants results in lower dissipation and reduced eletrical degradation at elevated temperature. A deposition technology to produce high quality films which is compatible with integrated technologies will be required for these devices. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) offers a unique combination of composition control, scalability, and the ability to produce extremely dense, low defect films. In Phase I, an MOCVD process to deposit B-site modified BST will be developed and the films will be characterized for capacitance, leakage, and loss at temperatures up to 300 degrees C. In Phase II, the process will be optimized based on electrical properties and long term reliability will be assessed at elevated temperature and electric field. |
| EIC LABORATORIES, INC.
111 DOWNEY STREET NORWOOD, MA 02062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 769-9450
TRUNG H. NGUYEN AF 98-244 |
| Title: | HYBRID AI/C ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITOR WITH HIGH ENERGY DENSITY |
| Abstract: | The development of an all-solid-state hybrid A1/C electrochemical capacitor (EC) device incorporating electrodes consisting of high surface area carbon material coated with a film of anodized aluminum metal with dielectric oxide film on the surface and a high conductivity Polypyrole polymer electrolyte is proposed. The modeling of the energy density of new A1/C hybrid EC device based on actual cell data reported for carbon EC indicates that the practical energy density of the proposed hybrid A1/C EC device is about 33 Wh/1.The proposed solid-state hybrid A1/C EC device will have several attractive features:a) High cell voltage above 6 volts b) Practical energy density at 6 Volts to be 33 Wh/1 c) Operating temperature range between - 50 degree C and 200 degree C |
| EPOCH ENGINEERING, INC.
806 WEST DIAMOND AVE GAITHERSBURG, MD 20878 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 670-6600
H. MICHAEL HOLLAND AF 98-245 |
| Title: | INCIPIENT FLAW DETECTION ON AN OPERATING GAS TURBINE ENGINE WITH THE ROBUST LASER INTERFEROMETER |
| Abstract: | Epoch Engineering Incorporated (EEI), the developer of the Robust Laser Interferometer (RLI) for non-contact vibration measurement, has identified a seeded fault test of a prototype gas turbine engine on which to demonstrate their RLI. The F100 engine, developed for the Joint Strike Fighter by Pratt & Whitney is to be tested in the late summer and fall of 1998 at the Pratt & Whitney facility in West Palm Beach, Florida.EEI will interrogate selected points on the F100 engine and, with the extremely wide bandwidth (0-256 KHz) and great dynamic range (155 dB, acceleration) made available, uniquely, by their RLI, will demonstrate the ability to detect the seeded faults introduced. In addition, because of the bandwidth made available by the RLI (note: most competing systems do not offer measurements above 20-30 KHz) EEI will demonstrate special procesing techniques to reveal such characateristics as torisional vibration changes and dirivative of acceleration -- "jerk." |
| TEST DEVICES, INC.
6 LORING ST HUDSON, MA 01749 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 562-6017
PAUL COOPER AF 98-245 |
| Title: | REAT-TIME TURBINE ENGINE FAULT DETECTION/CONDITION MONITORING SYSTEM (FADCoMS) |
| Abstract: | This Phase I effort proposes to develop a real-time, turbine engine fault detection/condition monitoring system that can distinguish between synchronous and non-synchronous vibration in a complex assembly of rotating components, and detect the initiation and growth of a deformation, crack, or other mechanical anomoly. A system used for detecting cracks in spin pit has reliably detected cracks approximately 0.015" in size, and has consistently shown itself to be more sensitive than FPI. During Phase I Test Devices shall develop a specification and model for a Real Time Turbine Engine Fault Detection/Condition Monitoring System (FADCMS), and perform testing to characterize and determine the sensitivity of its current crack detection system. Phase II will develop the system to detect crack indications for a complete engine. In Phase II the system will be tested in a engine environment and its ability to detect cracks within the rotating assembly over its complete power range will be demonstrated. Phase III will consist of implementing crack detection systems on military and commercial aircraft, in civilian applications like stationary power turbine crack detection and in ground-based systems for testing engine parts in Retirement For Cause applications. |
| STRESS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
1800 BRIHTON-HENRIETTA ROCHESTER, NY 14623 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(716) 424-2010
DR MICHAEL J. ROEMER AF 98-246 |
| Title: | A PROBABILISTIC DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC SYSTEM (ProDaPS) FOR GAS TURBINE ENGINES |
| Abstract: | Stress Technology Incorporated proposes a Probabilistic Diagnostic and Prognostic System (ProDaPS) capable of probabilistic assessment of engine sensor signals, mechnanical and performance diagnostics, and critical component prognostics. The ProDaPS system will perform real-time risk assessment of engine performance and mechanical faults so that catastrophic engine failures can be avoided. Also, costly inspection policies and premature component replacements can be averted by optimizing the maintenance activities based on this risk-cost relationship. The ProDaPS system will integrate refined stochastic modeling and risk assessment tools together with advanced engine health monitoring techniques using the latest sensor technology and advanced probabilistic fault classifiers. The proposed ProDaPS system will ultimately provide a real-time, predictive system with truly cognitive and reasoning capabilities.The ProDaPS system will be capable of real-time probabilistic risk assessment and accurate, early detection of engine performance/vibration faults while component failures can still be prevented. The implementation of state-of-the-art probabilistic, diagnostic and prognostic techniques will include; advanced stochastic map (random field) models used for pattern recognition, Bayesian belief analysis for updating statistical information from models/measurements, and the Karhunen-Loeve (KL) expansion as a stochastic fault classifier. Component prognostics will assess thermomechanical fatigue and creep life in critical engine components utilizing efficient Monte Carlo simulation procedures and algorithms taking into account the interaction of LCF/HCF/creep failure modes. Remaining life predictions and probabilistic risk assessment will be based on the results from the real-time diagnostic/prognostic modules and corresponding economic and safety consequences.The proposed program has genuine support from GE Aircraft Engines and Rolls-Royce that is based on a strong working relationship that recently resulted in the successful completion of an advanced engine health monitoring system for the NAVY F405 engine and future development for the GE F101 engine. |
| CREE RESEARH, INC.
4600 SILICON DRIVE DURHAM, NC 27703 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 361-5709
DR RANBIR SINGH AF 98-247 |
| Title: | DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE 4H-SiC POWER ACCUFET |
| Abstract: | 4H-silicon carbide power devices are expected to have 3x higher current densities and 200x lower on-resistance, while still operating up to 350 degree C. This is because of an order of magnitude higher breakdown electric field and a 2-3x higher thermal conductivity of 4H-SiC as compared to Si. Recent advances in 4H-SiC crystal quality, low doped epitaxial uniformity, dopant ion implantation, reactive ion etching and high voltage edge termination at Cree presents tremendous opportunity to fabricate high power 4H-siC ACCUFET devices. In this Phase I research, 1000 V, 1 Amp ACCUFETs capable of operating up to 350 degree C. The experimental results from the fabricated devices will then be compared with those obtained in the simulation design and further optimization will be carried out in Phase II of the program. A simulation study of various structures possible with an accumulation mode FET will also be conducted. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 SECOND AVENUE WALTHAM, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4202
BRUCE N. BARCK AF 98-248 |
| Title: | MULTI-HASE FLOWMETER FOR SUPERCRITICAL FUEL SYSTEMS |
| Abstract: | High heat sink fuel systems for advanced gas turbine engines are expected to involve fuel temperatures that vary over a broad range, including temperatures that could exceed 600 F. This is expected to produce flows that may be single-phase liquid or a two-phase mixture of liquid and vapor. Handling, monitoring, and controlling such flows is far more complicated than in single-phase flows at conventional temperatures, necessitating the development of special flow instrumentation. In the proposed program, we will pursue the development of an advanced flow measurement system that combines ultrasonic transit-time flow measurement for single-phase conditions with a Foster-Miller technology that uses the irregular dynamics of a sensor signal to determine both the liquid and vapor flows in two-phase flow conditions. The dynamical analysis method will use either active or passive measurements using the same ultrasonic transducers that are used for the single-phase transit-time measurement.Phase I will demonstrate the feasibility of the program concept through laboratory testing of the active and passive sensing approaches in fuel-air flows at room temperature. Based on the results obtained, Phase II will pursue the advanced development of a real-time instrument suitable for demonstration and use in high heat sink fuel systems. |
| TECHNOLOGY IN BLACKSBURG
1004 DOE RUN DRIVE BLACKSBURG, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 231-8755
TOM LEITCH AF 98-249 |
| Title: | USING MEMS-BASED MICROPUMPS FOR ACTIVE FLOW CONTROL IN HIGH-TURNING STATORS |
| Abstract: | Technology in Blacksburg, Inc., is proposing to use Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS) to reduce boundary-layer losses in the stators of highly-loaded transonic compressor stages. MEMS-based micropumps will bleed-off the low velocity fluid on the blade suction surface resulting from the boundary layer separation. The work added by the micropump to this low momentum fluid will re-energize the fluid so that it can be employed for trailing edge blowing from the stator. This "wake-filling" will further reduce losses and decrease blade row interactions, thus improving the stage efficiency along with the aeromechanical and noise characteristics. Active control will be implemented to optimize the performance of the micropumps for system consideration. A cooperative agreement is arranged with Allison Engine Company to participate in this research program. They will provide technical advice and geometry for engine hardware. In Phase I of this research program, the concept will be demonstrated in a transonic compressor cascade to document the benefit of blade suction-surface bleed and trailing-edge blowing. In Phase II the technique will be demonstrated in the Compressor Aero Research Lab at Wright Laboratories. In Phase III, Technology in Blacksburg, Inc. will team with an engine manufacturer to incorporate the technology in an actual engine. |
| HOOD TECHNOLOGY CORP.
1750 COUNTRY CLUB ROAD HOOD RIVER, OR 97031 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(541) 387-2288
ANDREAS H. VONFLOTOW AF 98-250 |
| Title: | SPIN PIT EXCITATION FOR HIGH CYCLE FATIGUE RESEARCH |
| Abstract: | This project addresses the problem of exciting rotor blades of a rotor spinning in an evacuated spin pit. The excitation is periodic at a harmonic of the spin frequency.The proposal surveys preceding excitation methods and explains why each is unacceptable. The proposed method circumvents the shortcomings of these prior techniques. |
| PERFORMANCE DESIGNS, INC.
1300 E International Speedway Deland, FL 32724 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(904) 738-2224
Bill J. Coe AF 98-251 |
| Title: | Square Canopy for ACES II Ejection Seat |
| Abstract: | Performance Designs, Inc. proposes to determine the feasibility of developing a square (ram air type) canopy which will decrease impact injuries, often experienced by aircrewmen on landing, subsequent to an ejection. The square canopy developed in Phase II will be capable of surviving deployment speeds and suspended weights as specified (300 knots and 293-342 lbs.) In addition, the canopy developed will reduce the rate of descent from the current canopy (round type) in service, while conforming to the deployment modes and dimensions of the current ACES II headbox unit. The square canopy developed should not require any manipulation from the user in order to achieve the desired rate of descent (ROD) for landing. |
| PHOENIX SCIENTIFIC CORP.
151 Osigian Blvd. Warner Robins, GA 31088 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(912) 956-1783
David W. Felker AF 98-251 |
| Title: | RAM Parachurte Development for ACES II |
| Abstract: | The development of a high performance canopy for the ACES II ejection seat requires a complete program of design, analysis, simulation, prototyping and full-wcale testing. These are two primary end-items projected for this effort. First and foremost is a validated and proven canopy for the ACES II ejection seat. The second is a validated methodology for the analysis and simulation of high performance, load bearing, aerodynamic textile structures. A complete development program is proposed, consisting of: tested hardware, a full computer simulation with structural and performance analysis, and a Level-2 data package. With a documented history in finite element, aeroelastic and aerodynamic analysis and simulations, Phoenix Scientific will apply this expertise, and the most recently available analysis methodologies, to the very difficult task of a non-linear, dynamic analysis of a high performance canopy. This analysis will be accomplished concurrent with the design, fabrication and testing necessary to develop the required canopy system. |
| HAMILTON SOFTWARE, INC.
2270 Northpoint Prky Santa Rosa, CA 95407 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(707) 542-2700
Amanda Jane Giarla AF 98-252 |
| Title: | Aritificial Intelligence Exchange and service Tie to all Test Environments (AI-ESTATE) Implementation |
| Abstract: | Diagnostic reasoning has become essential and critical to the mission of DoD Automatic Test Systems (ATS). ATS architectural approaches to date have been built on monolithic solutions of tightly coupled automatic test elements. These solutions tend to be proprietary, costly to procure, maintain and upgrade and are non-interoperable with ATS elements of other manufacture. An architectural approach that lowers ATS costs, provides for robust non-proprietary solutions and supports longer ATS life cycles is the open systems approach as defined in the DoD ATM Master Plan (1). This approach requires the de-coupling of ATS elements and reengineers that am interoperability components based in "commercial off the shelf" (COTS) products. We propose to research and develop an approach that integrates a fuzzy logic based diagnostic reasoner and a demonstration of component interaction. The demonstration will include UNIX based reasoner, a Windows-95 based Graphical User Interface (GUI) and a VXI Windows-NT based Labview and/or HPVee test controller connected to set of VXI instruments and a breadboard circuit that can be modified to introduce faults. |
| QUINCY STREET CORP.
2920 E. Camelback Rd Phoenix, AZ 85016 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(602) 381-0096
Walter O. Bailey AF 98-253 |
| Title: | A Bread Based Environment for Test (ABBET) Architecture Prototype |
| Abstract: | The overall abjective of this proposed project is the development of detailed definitions for the interfaces defined by the ABBET architecture. Signal models wil developed based upon the C/ATLAS set of signal nouns. A Test Foundation Framework (TFF) will be implemented to demonstrate the ability of test program or test program component transfer across multiple test platforms. This phase also will identify and specify TFF interfaces and supporting business rules for implementaton in Phase II. The principle result of this work is to prove the test program or test component reuse concept.. The TFF is independent of test instrumentation and test equipment manufactures and is addressed to test program develops and test system integrators. Potential savings to commercial or military users are estimated in 40 - 60% range. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Avenue Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4283
Robert Lee Cardenas AF 98-254 |
| Title: | Ergonomic Assist Device for Water Blast Gun Manipulation |
| Abstract: | The U.S. Air Force is moving to water jet blasting for depainting operations at their air craft maintenance facilities. The water jet process produces a less hazardous waste stream by eliminating or greatly reducing the use of paint stripping chemicals. The move to water jet depainting operations has identified a need for an assist device that will support a manually operated system. A Phase I program is proposed for the developed of Ergonomic Assist Device for Water Blast Gun Manipulation.A manually operated portable system that can operate in an omnidirectional orientation will be developed. The Phase I program will define the user requirements with a detailed site and system analysis. A Phase I portotype will be developed and fabricated for user evaluation. The Phase I result will be a detailed Phase II design criteria based on site analysis and user feedback. Phase I will concentrate system function and user requirements.A Phase II development will involve the commercialization team member early in the program. This effort will continue to update function and user requirements and will also address weight, materials and manufacturing issues. Phase II efforts will produce a design ready for initial manufacturing and prototypes for continued evaluation. |
| UES, INC.
4401 Dayton-Xenia Road Dayton, OH 45432 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 426-6900
Dr. Roger Jensen AF 98-254 |
| Title: | Ergonomic Assist Device for Water Blast Gun Manipulation |
| Abstract: | Traditional methods for aircraft paint stripping use compounds containing volatile organic compounds to loosen chemical bonds between coating materials. Recent tightening of air pollution regulations has made it impractical to continue using these compounds in the same way as in the past. A promising alternative for some aircraft is to blast the paint off using high pressure water spray. The method has proven effective for the top surfaces of wings, horizontal stabilizers, and the fuselage. However, the under-side surfaces of these structures, present an ergonomics problem -- the workers become excessively fatigued from using a water blast gun to spray upward. The proposed concept is for an ergonomic assist device to change the forces that cause the excessive fatigue into forces the workers can tolerate. During this Phase I project the concept will be critically examined and a prototype device will be designed, constructed and tested at an Air Force base. Testing will consider ease of use, worker fatigue, and mobility for reaching under-side surfaces of large aircraft. |
| EIC LABORATORIES, INC.
111 Downey St Norwood, MA 02062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 769-9450
Kevin M. Spencer AF 98-255 |
| Title: | An On-Line Turbine Oil Raman Analyzer |
| Abstract: | Lubrication breakdown in precise military equipment can have devastating results. To be able to monitor lubricants for breakdown and change these lubricants in a timely fashon, off-line physical properties testing and atomic emission spectroscopy for detection of metals in the oil itself is obtained. To monitor spectroscopically chemical changes within the oil is highly desirable. We propose here to use the technique(s) of Raman and resonance Raman spectroscopy for real-time analytical monitoring of the synthetic turbine oil wear. We will perfrom a systematic analysis to optimize the Raman signals through judicious choice of laser wavelength(s) and spectral detection scheme for a polyolester based synthetic turbine oil. With the optimized system, we will determine the sensitivity and reproducibility of Raman spectroscopy for analysis of turbine oil composition. We will investigate the ablility to monitor contaminants, as well as thermal breakdown products. During the Phase II program, other turbine oils that may adhere to MIL-L-7808 standards but are not polyolester-based will also be investigated. A compact prototype will then be developed and optimized for analysis of all turbine oils of interest. The system will be capable of full automation for routine analyses and will have a complete library searching routine to allow rapid identification of thermal breakdown of the oils. |
| AURORA FLIGHT SCIENCES CORP.
9950 Wakeman Drive Manassas, VA 20110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 369-3633
Peter Bahniuk AF 98-256 |
| Title: | Battery Reliability Prediction using Neural Network Methods |
| Abstract: | The weak link in a standby battery pack emergency system is the battery's characteristic of wearing out, even when not in use. Battery failure can result in more than downtime in a flight situation: it can imperil the mission. The common method to determine battery health was to perform load test, time-consuming physical inspection, and maintenance logs examination. Although reliable, this method often is cumbersome, time consuming, expensive, and risky. The development of a sensor that will calculate in real time the short-term usability (amp-hour rating) as well as the long-term end-of-life reliability of the battery will greatly reduce maintenance costs and can reduce the possibility of a failure in a life-critical situation. The calculation of end-of-life prediction will require advancements in neural network software to linearize a highly non-linear function. Aurora proposes to develop a battery sensor that will calculate reliability in real time. The objective is to apply neural network prediction software in development and demonstrate an operational sensor. Using information about the battery's operational condition the sensor will calculate the battery's state of charge, current amp-hour rating (stationary hangar conditions), project amp-hour rating (under flight conditions), and predict the time of the battery's end of life. |
| INTERNATIONAL COMPUTER POWER
2620 Lee Ave El Monte, CA 91733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 443-7557
Eugene J. Weaver AF 98-257 |
| Title: | Robust Batteryless Power Back up for Critical Power Applications |
| Abstract: | Today, lead-acid batteries are used extensively as the primary stored energy medium. Their performance capabilities have been well documented. When used as the primary energy storage device to support sensitive electronics until a standby generator system is online, batteries are the weak link in the emergency power system. Batteries must live in a controlled environment and require extensive maintenance; two major elements that are not always available.An alternative has been conceived to replace batteries as a stored energy system. This alternative, known as the JDUPS or Hybrid Dynamic Uninterruptible power System, uses a solid steel flywheel to store kinetic energy and provides a rectified DC output. Simple rules of physics govern the amount of stored energy, based upon flywheel diameter, face (thickness) and speed. The HDUPS is based upon a standard robust motor generator set platform which can operate in variable frequency drive and a rectifier. A prototype system in the 35 kVA range will be built to demonstrate a minimum 30 seconds of stored energy. This technology is applicable to any market where users will no longer accept battery failures. |
| RAMS ENVIRONMENTAL, INC.
POB 1982 Ormond Beach, FL 32175 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(904) 676-7506
Robert C. Ahlert, Ph.D., AF 98-258 |
| Title: | Two-Step Bioremediation of PCBs in Soils |
| Abstract: | Complex mixtures of polychlorinatedbiphenyls (PCBs) are common soil contaminants. Several hundred congeners, together with physical weathering and microbial dechlorination and oxication, add to the complexity of PCB mixtures found inthe environment. PCBs are hydrophobic and associate with soil, whether wet or dry. Excavation is disruptive and often leads to dispersion of fine particles carrying contaminants. Physical separation can concentrate but not destroy PCBs; further, separation is not a viable in-situ process. Purely anaerobic biodegradation is improbable; aerobic dechlorination, followed by mineralization, is possible but undemontrated. Destruction via fungal metabolism has been proposed but has not been demonstrated at full -scale.TWO-STEP MICROBIAL DEGRADATION, ANAEROBIC DECHLORINATION FOLLOWED BY OXIDATION, IS PROPOSED FOR IN-SITU REMEDIATION. Highly chlorinated congeners, i.e., three or more chlorine atoms on Biphenyl, are dechlorinated in place under anaerobic conditions. This process is site specific and requires injection of deaerated water amended with electron acceptor (nitrate), nutrients (if not present in adequate concentration) and a supplementary carbon source. Biodegradation is based on microbial communities present at the site. Dichlor-, monochlor- and base Biphenyl are mineralized microbially via oxidation in a subsequent aerobic process. Humidified air is injected into the soil system that has had anaerobic pretreatment. |
| CAPE COD RESEARCH, INC.
19 Research Rd East Falmouth, MA 02536 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 540-4400
Mr. Francis L. Keohan AF 98-259 |
| Title: | Dual-Cure Resins for Rapid Composite Repair and Fabrication |
| Abstract: | A new family of dual-cure thermoset resins is proposed for formulating adhesives that can be processed at room temperature for bonding composite materials and metals. The proposed research explores the feasibility of modifying convertional thermoset resins such as polyepoxides with other compatible and complementary curing polymers to produce new classes of UV light initiated, ambient temperature curing adhesives. The ultimate objective is to develop an easily processed adhjesive with high adhesion to reinforcing fibers and cured composite materials, no cure sensitivity to oxygen, and the ability to be used in composite fabrication processes such as pultrusion. The proposed hybrid systems cure by a combination of chemical processes which take advantage of complementary reactions and thus result in faster cure rates than either conventional resin system alone. In the proposed study, the candidate materials for these resin blends will be identified, a new type of UV-activated curing agent synthesized, the compatibility of different resin components predicted by computer simulation, structure-property profiles determined and the ability to cure into useful materials by UV light initiation demonstrated. Adhesion properties of the candidate formulations and controls with metals and fiber-reinforced composites will be measured and compared. |
| KAZAK COMPOSITES, INC.
32 Cummings Park Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 932-5668
Mr. James J. Gorman AF 98-259 |
| Title: | Production and Repair of Pultruded Glass and Graphite Composite Sandwich Panels Using UV - and E-Beam cured Resins |
| Abstract: | Radiation-cured resins offer a number of potential advantages over the thermally-activated resins more commonly used in the fabrication of composite structures. KaZak Composites proposes a two-part program in which we will investigate the application of UV-and Electron-Beam cured resins to two different technologies related to composite ISO shelters.First, the team will develop and demonstrate technology required in a field repair kit for the damaged composite sandwich panels used to construct ISO shelters. One of our program partners, Science Research Lboratory, already makes resins and field repair kits for composite aircraft.Second, KCI will study and demonstrate the application of radiation-cured resins for the pultrusion of very wide (>10') composite sandwich panels. KCI is currently building an 8x8x20 foot composite ISO using the world's largest pultrusion machine, developed under a separate Phase II SBIR. We project major tooling cost savings by using radiation-cured resin. KCI will test both the demonstrated radiation-cured pultruded composite parts during the Phase I Option.During Phase II we plan to apply radiation cure for 10' wide panels, and to develop a fieldable repair kit based on the same resins. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
2 Research Place Rockville, MD 20850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 590-3155
Charles Wheeler AF 98-260 |
| Title: | Complementary Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS) and their Applicability to Fault Sets for Bussed Components |
| Abstract: | This proposal details an innovative new computer based on micro-electromechanical machines, and describes how this can be used in conventional systems to partially solve the problem of large ambiguity groups on bus-based electronics, or electronic systems with feedback loops. This technology is not based on semiconductors. It can be implemented on a wide variety of substrates. Its primary advantage over conventional computers is that it will function over an enormous range of temperatures, from very cold to near the melting point of the materials used in fabrication. It will also be impervious to radiation. In its standby mode, it will consume no power, and it is potentially less costly than conventional integrated electronics because the fabrication process is considerably simpler. Yet it will be able to implement a full range of computing devices, including combinatorial logic, static RAMs, and clocked logic such as shift registers. When used in conventional circuits, it has the potential to allow critical circuit connections to be made or broken without any control lines, or without any changes to the electronic circuit. The open circuit resistance will be very high, and the closed circuit resistance will be very low, with no non-linearities and no dependency on voltage or current. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Avenue Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4165
Dr. Moshe Oren AF 98-261 |
| Title: | Multiplexed Real-TIme Opacity Monitor |
| Abstract: | Foster Miller proposes to develop for the Air Force a novel multiplexed opacity monitoring system, which is low cost and EPA compliant. The system consists of multiple fiber optic probes used as the monitoring heads, and a central control and data acquisition unit. This approach will result in a robust, rugged, and easily expandable system which is readily adaptable to various stack monitoring applications. The use of bulk optics and wide band light source, as presently used by other systems, increases the complexity, maintenance, and cost of such systems. Impressive progress has been made in recent years in the area of fiber optics, miniaturized optical components, and fiber optics system assembly techniques. Foster-Miller, together with our commercialization partner. Air Instruments and Measurements, will apply its experience in the area of fiber optics probes and system integration for this opacity monitor application.Successful completion of the proposed research and development program will result in a unique opacity monitoring system that will dramatically reduce the cost to the Air Force for an EPA compliant, multiports emission monitoring system. |
| GMA INDUSTRIES, INC.
2530 Riva Rd Suite 203 Annapolis, MD 21401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 571-0300
R. Glenn Wright AF 98-262 |
| Title: | A Statistical Process Approach to Equipment Readiness Enhancement |
| Abstract: | The underlying theme of the proposed research is that artificial intelligence and corollary methods can aid in the collection of more complete statistical data and models that can be applied using statistical process control techniques to improve equipment readiness. This is to be accomplished through the identification of variations within the process that can aid in the adjustment of test limits and other parameters to more closely reflect actual operational system performance over time. We deem this approach to be more effective in the large-scale testing of electronic equpment than adhering to original test requirements based upon design criteria that may or may not reflect actual system performance.The approach cited in this proposal promotes the design of an integrated system for the detection of trends in equipment performance based upon test parameter data. This is accomplished based upon the fusion of two independent system modules representing supplementary investigative techniques. |
| TOTAL QUALITY SYSTEMS, INC.
1307 West 2550 South Ogden, UT 84401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 394-9565
Willard A. Hansen AF 98-262 |
| Title: | Statistical Control Process Application to Test Failure Information |
| Abstract: | Performance characteristics of weapon system components and the associated support equipment may change with age and other factors. Current test programs have no means to evaluate the effects of these changing factors on equipment performance tolerances. The poblem is exacerbated by the lack of archived performance data and diminishing sources of parts to repair legacy systems.The goal of this task is to investigate and apply statistical process control (SPC) and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in combination to detect trends in failure data, capture and interpret the trends and then provide information for decision support. The proposed solution envisions a three layer model. The first layer being a management data base which accepts test failure data and organizes it for viewing, evaluation and archiving. The SPC layer interprets the failure data and creates performance characteristic patterns, which are then archived in the management layer. The AI layer utilizes an expert system (ES) shell to integrate the statistical interpretation of thest data from a unit under test with prior interpretations of historical data, thereby generating appropriate decision support information. By continually updating historical data, the system performance will improve with time. |
| DR. WILLIAM F. AVRIN
9598 Carroll Cyn. Rd #165 San Diego, CA 92126 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 549-9431
Dr. William F. Avrin AF 98-263 |
| Title: | Versatile Instrument for Non-Destructive Inspection of Subsurface Flaws around Fasteners |
| Abstract: | One of the most important problems in the nondestructive inspection of aircraft is the detection of cracks and corrosion under fasteners, in the lower layers of lapped structures. Existing methods for inspecting such structures require either that the fastener be removed, or that the instrument be redsigned for each new inspection problem.I propose to remove these limitations with a new eddy-current sensing system which varies that applied-field distribution and sensor configuration to fit the gemometry of the inspection problem, thus maximizing the flaw signature and minimizing the background signals due to the fastener head and nearby structures. This new approach is possible in part because of new magnetic sensors which provide very low noise over a wide frequency range.The new instrument will detect cracks and corrosion around ferrous and nonferrous fasteners of varying size, in structures made of aluminum, titanium, or ferrous metals, at depths ranging from 1 mm or less to 10 mm or more. Its high sensitivity at low frequencies will enable the inspection of very thick structures, and its low noise will signicantly reduce inspection times. |
| SQM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
PO Box 2225 LaJolla, CA 92038 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 481-7182
Walter Podney AF 98-263 |
| Title: | Non-Destructive inspection (NDI) of Cracks, Corrosion, Etc. in second and third Layer materials around Fastener Holes |
| Abstract: | One objective is to demonstrate the use and value of SQUID Magnetometry for locating fatigue cracks around fastener holes in multiple layered structures without disassembling the structure or removing the fasteners, in instances where the crack lies in an under layer of the structure and is therefore not directly accessible from the structure's outer surface. A second objective is to demonstrate the application of existing digital signal processing and data enhancement techniues, which have previously been applied to data outputs from various surveillance sensors, to data outputs from a point inspection Nondestructive Inspection sensor. The program involves making SQUID Magnetometry measurements from 3 samples of flawed structures relating to the C-141 aircraft wing, and processing this data into signal patterns from which cracks of prior known location and length can be identified and measured. Success will demonstrate the utility of SQUID Magnetometry in finding hidden fatigue cracks. An NDI method with this capability will prove useful both to the Air Force for inspecting its aging aircraft, and to commercial aviation which must inspect many of the same airframes used by the Air Force. |
| ARACOR
425 Lakeside Drive Sunnyvale, CA 94086 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 733-7780
Mathew Koshy AF 98-264 |
| Title: | Surface Mapping of Complex Aircraft Components Using CT |
| Abstract: | The creation of digital design information for the manufacture of existing parts is a critical need for maintaining part inventories and to ensure the reliable operation of critical equipment. Such parts, which are frequently found in aging military aircraft, pose an important challenge to the Air Force's resupply operations. Current methods for obtaining the surface geometry of parts do not adequately capture complex geometries or provide sufficient accuracy. Computed tomography (CT) is an emerging tool for non-destructively obtaining geometric information for complex parts, and promises to alleviate the above difficulties.The proposed work will develop innovative new algorithms to obtain uniformly accurate surface information for complex aircraft components using CT. The new algoritms will focus on obtaining high accuracy for the location of fine features, such as thin walls, gaps, channels, and undercuts. CT scans of a sample part obtained from the Air Force will be usd to demonstrate that the new algorithms can be used for the fast generation of accurate computer aided design (CAD) models. These models can serve as input to computer aided manufacturing (CAM) software to produce toolpaths for computerized numeric control (CNC) machines. |
| TPL, INC.
3921 Academy Parkway North, NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 342-4432
Timothy C. Tiernan AF 98-264 |
| Title: | High Performance, cost Effective Surface mapping System for Complex Components |
| Abstract: | All of the critical elements for fast, inexpensive, 3-dimensional CT are sufficiently mature that a high performance surface mapping system for reverse engineering should now be feasible. TPL is developing a cone beam CT system based on a large, two dimensional detector array with 1900 x 1500 pixels each 127 m on a side. The active area is 8 x 11 inches with 12-bit dynamic range without cooling.In collaboration with Los Alamos Laboratory (LANL), TPL is participating in the development of advanced software for reconstructing cone beam CT data sets, and converting the positional information to CAD compatible files to produce machine paths for CNC systems.TPL proposes a program to integrate all the enabling technologies into a practical, automated system that can merge the CT measurement data with CAD/CAM software for rapid manufacturing. A prototype system based on cone beam CT technology and reverse engineering software will ber fabricated and tested during Phase I.The proposed CT based reverse engineering system represents the culmination of digital X-ray imaging work at TPL, software development at LANL, and the latest advancements in amorphous silicon pixel array technology by a consortium of companies including TLP. |
| ACI TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
630 W. Germantown Pike Plymouth Meeting, PA 19462 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(317) 655-3673
Rajiv Shah AF 98-266 |
| Title: | Conversion Process for Legacy Stable Based Printed Circuit Board Atrwork |
| Abstract: | Master artwork for Air Force systems is traditionally delivered on polyester-based mylar film. This film tends to degrade over time, even when stored in climate-controlled facilities. In addition, drawings must be digitized before circuit boards can be manufactured, which is an expensive and time consuming step. A reliable and repeatable artwork conversion process is needed.This project will perform the research required to assemble a PCB artwork conversion system, which can digitize Mylar based drawings. The digital files created wil be in Gerber format, which is generally the format needed for printed circuit board manufacture. The system will utilize commercial off the shelf (COTS) components wherever possible. By using COTS components, system cost, maintenance, and upgrade costs will be minimized.Deliverables from this program will include an analysis of potential COTS hardware and software, which could be integrated to from an accurate, repeatable system for digitizing Mylar drawings. Sources for software and hardware, a comparison of each product's capabilities and limitations, and the tolerances for each potential configuration will be documented. Finally, each potential vendor will be sent a 'C' size Mylar drawing, and their generated Gerber files will be evaluated to determine the capability of each system. |
| CONTROL SYSTEMS RESEARCH, INC.
PO Box 357 Crestview, FL 32536 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(850) 689-3284
Jessee R. Fowler AF 98-267 |
| Title: | 3-D GPS Visualization and Blanketing Tool for the ISF |
| Abstract: | The Integrated Support Facility (ISF) at Robins AFB has the responsibility for providing enhancements and maintenance for the Global Positioning System (GPS) User Equipment (UE). The ISF must be capable of emulating the environment in which the user equipment operates. An enhancement required for the ISF is the capability of simulating the effect of terrain and/or host vehicle masking on RF signal sources (satellites, pseudolites, and jammers) which affect UE performance.The Phase I effort defines the requirements for the Phase II 3D Visualization and Blanketing Tool (3D VBT) prototype development. The Phase I effort identifies all hardware and software required for the prototype, determines the terrain database products (quality and sources) necessary for the prototype, and determines the interfaces between the scenario generator, satellite simulator, receiver, and the 3D VBT system. The Phase I effort will develop a system specification and system level test plan for the Phase II prototypes.Commercialization is most important for SBIR efforts. CSR and our teammate, Computer Applications Software Technology (CAST), will develop commercial applications from the Phase II prototype. CSR's approach enhances an existing commercial product, CAST's GPST, and maximized the probability of commercial product development. |
| MICROCOSM, INC.
2377 Crenshaw Boulevard, #350 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-0555
Jeff Cloots AF 98-267 |
| Title: | GPS Masking and Visualization Tool |
| Abstract: | Microcosm proposes to develop a GPS Masking and Visualization Tool (GMVT) to be incorporated in the GPS User Equipment Integrated Support Facility (ISF). The GMVT will determine GPS satellite visibility from a host vehicle taking into account signal masking due to vehicle structures and nearby terrain features. The information will be presented in a 3-D view incorporating a terrain display and using advanced spherical geometry techniques for displaying masking effects and GPS satellite positions. The informatioon will also be fed back to the existing ISF system for use in radio frequency (RF) testing of GPS units. The GMVT will be based on existing computational techniques and commercially available software with extensions to support specific GMVT functionality. Using the proposed tool will provide users with analytical information on GPS availability and solution quality, as well as an easily understood graphical representation. A prototype tool will be developed in Phase I and full functionality tool in Phase II. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Avenue Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4114
Dr. Robert F. Kovar AF 98-268 |
| Title: | UV-Curable, No VOC Aircraft Repair Spray-Coating |
| Abstract: | Foster-Miller proposes a new class of spray-applied, enviromentally-compliant/economical aircraft repair coatings that meets/exceeds the performance of original, solovent-based, two-part polyurethane (PUR) repair coating. Our enviromentally-compliant aircraft repair coating (ECARC) topcoat for Phase I will replace single-component PUR aerosol spray cans used for convience which produce coatings of lower durability than the orginal. When applied as a low-viscosity, one-component spray-coating it will not release VOCs or ozone-depleting propellants. Although UV curing for general painting of Aircraft is not considered desirable by the Air Force, its several advantagesare available for repair painting without the disadvantages. The toughness of a coating produced by UV-cure may eliminate the need for conversion and primer painting. A portable UV source can be used to cure the coating completely within the minutes into a tough, tenacious topcoat that will match the original coating in properties and appearance. The one-part system for topcoat will be storage stable and require no metering or mixing prior to application. In Phase I, we will develop the ECARC topcoat formulation, produce repair coating test panels and analyze test panels for key performance properties. Our team includes experts in UV-curable coatings, polyurethanes and an aircraft coating manufacturer. |
| CHEMAT TECHNOLOGY, INC.
19365 Business Center Drive #8 Northridge, CA 91324 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 727-9786
Dr. Yuhong Huang AF 98-269 |
| Title: | Solid Lubricant for Weapon System |
| Abstract: | Currently used semi-fluid lubricants become completely fouled with sand after several days exposure, which causing the weapon malfunction. Telfon-based lubricant can be used in certain low speed applications. However, large quantity of telfon for high firing rate application attract large amount of sand. A new generation of lubricant system is needed. Considering an operation in a sand enviroments for DoD applications, solid lubricants coatings are attractive candidate. Their applications in gas engine, bearing and information storage have been developed with long endurance, low fraction and weaving. In general, they are not able to resupply in situ. We propose a novel solid lubricant firm with ability of in situ resupplying. This concept is based on world wide achievments on lubrication, sol-gel technique and hard coating. A layer of hard coating is firstly deposited on surface. A composite glass-ceramic coating is deposited on top to enhance lubrication. The top layer is able to be resupplied in situ.Sol-gel based process provide a possibility to easily resupply lubricant firm. |
| UES, INC.
4401 Dayton-Xenia Rd Dayton, OH 45432 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 426-6900
AF 98-269 |
| Title: | Next Generation Lubricants for Weapon Systems |
| Abstract: | The lubrication systems used in current weapon systems is outdated technology containing varying degrees of hazardous chemicals. Also, current semi-fluid lubricants do not function in sand enviroments. To meet the tribological requirements of future and current weapon systems, improved performance of lubrication systems is needed particularly in a sand enviroment. A considerable amount of progress has been made in developing solid lubricants and wear resistance coatings for aerospace and industrial applications. Some of these lubricants and coatings may be suitable for weapon systems. However, the selection of solid lubricants is critical to specific applications. The major objectives of the Phase I proposal are to identify critical lubrication requirements in weapon systems, particularly in helicoper guns. Based on these solid lubricants, materials and coatings will be selected and tribological tests will be conducted to determine their performance and rank them for final gun tests in Phase II. |
| GENERAL LASERTRONICS CORP.
541 Sinclair Frontage Rd Milpitas, CA 95035 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 262-6060
James W. Thomas AF 98-270 |
| Title: | Portable, non-damaging depaint system for removing coatings from small areas |
| Abstract: | General LASERTONICS Corporation (GLC), Lockheed-Martin Skunk Works, and Acurex Enviromental Inc. will develop a portable laser-based small area decoating system. GLC will demonstrate their current portable system design at Robins AFB in Phase I, and will evaluate in Phase II. In conjunction with Stanford University's Non-liner Optical Materials Laboratory GLC will also demonstrate relevant future generation laser technology. Skunk Works will prepare stripping samples and evaluate stripping results for the design exercise in Phase I, and will support development of the prototype in Phase II. Acurex will assess waste stream subsystems performance and contribute design inputs in Phase I, and will assist in Phase II development of the subsystem. A functional specification for theoperational system will be developed in conjunction with the end user community in Phase I . Successful operation of the prototype system in Phase II will enhance production flow times and personnel safety, while reducing overall maintenance costs. The system will function on either commercial or military aircraft regardless of aircraft size and configuration, without change, and can be applied to a wide range of other operational and maintenance equipment. |
| PHOENIX SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, INC.
11 Inverness Rd Arlington, MA 02174 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 646-1810
Dr. Raymond B. Schaefer AF 98-270 |
| Title: | Portable Photolytic Depainter |
| Abstract: | Protolytic paint stripping minimizes spent materials. Laser and flashlamp based depainters have been developed and operate in the field. Laser based systems, however, are relatively complicated, costly and large, and have reliability issues. The flashlamp based system, Flashjet, is less complicated and costly, and is reliable, but it unsuitable as a portable depainter because it requires an adjunct dry ice stream to cool the underlying substrate and to prevent residue from being left behind. We propose to use Surface Discharge lamp technology to demonstrate photolytic depainting without the dry ice system and, based on this, to demonstrate the feasibility of a portable photolytic depainting system. |
| CLEVELAND MEDICAL DEVICES, INC.
11000 Cedar Ave Cleveland, OH 44106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(972) 790-7017
Farron Dacus AF 98-271 |
| Title: | Cost Effective Airborne MicroRadio Telemetry System |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR program is intended to provide a new and highly cost effective solution for Air Force local area flight test telemetry requirements. Intentionally designing for reuse of the technology for commercial applications maintains availability through periods of low ordering. It shall be designed as an extensive to Cleveland Medical Devices existing MircoRadio technology, allowing an extemely effecient design with a low per unit cost. Special designs allow the system to meet enviromental requirements by making maximum use of inexpensive COTS technology. Intended range is up to 50 miles, with data range of 100KB or greater, and an enviromental temperature range of -51 to +93 deg. C. The frequency band shall be 902 to 928, 2310 to 2360, or 2400 to 2483.5 MHz. The system consists of the MicroRadio Telemetry Transceiver and Sensor (MTTS) at the airborne end. The base station shall consist of a software controlled transceiver with RS-232 link for standard PC control and databasing. |
| VIASAT
2290 Cosmos Court Carlsbad, CA 92009 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 438-7210
John Lane AF 98-271 |
| Title: | Sub Miniature Telemetry Instrumentation |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes an SBIR Phase I program to establish a producible low cost design that enables the implementation and use of Subminiature Telemetry instrumentation to support future Air Force test missions. The Subminiature Telemetry concept, initially developed and tested under DOD Test and Technology and Demonstration funding, has long been viewed as an attractive alternative method for instrumentation of munitions and/or fleet aircraft. Because the system and its key subsystem devises, the Integrated Telemetry Package (ITP) and Receiver Demodulator Unit ((RDU), have not migrated towards low cost, producible devices, the SMT concept has not provided the gains that could be realized with its use. This SBIR program takes advantage of the latest in commercial technology and low cost production to satisfy the requirements for SMT instrumentation. The SBIR effort focuses on determining the best approach for multiple access and frequency use, and provides for the determination of an approach to a fesible producible SMT.ViaSat has developed and demonstrated a very similar system, the Miniaturized Data Acquisition Transceiver (MiniDAT). This system encompasses the features of the SMT system, using a commercially oriented PC Card (PCMCIA Type II card) architecture. Using lessons learned from the development of the MiniDAT system, and ViaSat's knowledge of spread spectrum communications and PC Card technology and manufacturing, production design cost goals can be established and achieved for an SMT system. |
| A2Z TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
4556 Knollwood Ln. Niceville, FL 32578 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(850) 974-1509
Mr. Mike Zari AF 98-273 |
| Title: | A time difference of Arrival Blast Sensor |
| Abstract: | The munitions evaluation community requires an accurate measurement technique to charactize not only pressure-Vs-time traces but the blast wavefront direction as well. A2Z Technologies Corporation proposes a unique time difference of arrival appoach which measures 1) the pressure-Vs-time data, 2) the 2-D angle-of-arrival of the blast front, and 3) the blast front velocity. Given the proposed system, non-spherical and/or non-center initiated blast waves are readily characterized . Basic components of the system are muliple sensor heads, electronics modules containing amplication and TDOA circuitry, and a IEEE-488 based network of digitizers, all of which is under local computer control. During Phase I, a breadboard system will be designed and tested, include live-fire testing at Eglin AFB. At the end of the Phase I effort, breadboard testing results and prototype system design will provide a low-risk, rapid transition into prototype system development. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Ctr Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Charles L. Goldey AF 98-273 |
| Title: | system for Directional Blast Pressure Measurement |
| Abstract: | Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop the capability for the Air Force Development Test Center (AFDTC), Eglin AFB to measure true blast wave pressure which meets the specific requirements of the solicitaion. PSI will show in this Phase I program the feasibility of making the measurements with a newly developed blast wave direction and magnitude measurement system based on fiber-optic sensing units. PSI believes that by coupling two different fiber-optic based sensors into a single unit the true blast wave pressure time history and vecotor direction data (dual axis) can be obtained. The objective is to measure the blast overpressure with a fast-response fiber-optic pressure sensor and the vector direction of the blast wave with a second fiber-optic based sensor. The two will be combined into a single integrated unti and can in such close proximity that they can be considered a single point measurement. During the proposed program PSI will define the hardware and software necessary to determine the true blast wave pressure-time and vector direction. During the Phase II program PSI will design and produce a prototype, and validate the system during actual live fire testing at Eglin AFB, culminating with the delivery of an integrated system. |
| AMERICAN GNC CORP.
9131 Mason Ave Chatsworth, CA 91311 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 407-0092
Ching-Fang Lin, Ph.D. AF 98-274 |
| Title: | Electromagnetic Field Generator for Compatibility Testing |
| Abstract: | The objective of this project is to provide a comparative evaulation of six key techniques utilized for the generation of high electromagnetic (EM) fields useful for testing the susceptibilty of electronic systems to EM radiation. The techniques under comparative evaluation are: (1) reverberation; (2) T-line or coaxial; (3) mode stirred; (4) frequency stirred; (5) parallel plate T-line and (6) transverse electromagnetic mode cell. The relative strength and weaknesses of these different methods are to be established through analytical and numerical simulation techniques with the ultimate utilization medium being the anechoic chamber at Eglin AFB. Analytical characterizations provide an initial judgement framework. However, the complexity of realistic electromagnetic interation configurations dictate the complementation of such an analytical explanatory structure through a reinforcing simulation enviroment. We will use our extensive experiences in analysis and numercial computation techniques to ascertain that the analytical predictions as regards the electromagnetic field generation techniques do correlate with the particular materials and geometic details of the Eglin, AFB anechoic chamber. |
| GDP SPACE SYSTEMS
300 Welsh Rd Horsham, PA 19044 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 657-5270
Stephen J. Nicolo AF 98-275 |
| Title: | Advanced Pc-Based Telemetry Prcessing and Display System |
| Abstract: | This document is a Phase I SBIR technical and cost proposal submitted to the US Air Force by GDP Space Systems, a division of Delta Information Systems, Inc., in response to SBIR Solicitation Topic Number AF98-275. The purpose of this proposed program is to investigate appropriate technologies and define the hardware and software requirements for a state-of-the-art PC-based Advanced Telemetry Processing and Display System (ATPDS). This system will be flexible and expandable with low acquistion and life-cycle support costs. A series of defined tasks will be completed to identify and analyze system requirements, review alternative approaches and various potential system architectures, and develop a conceptual design of a PC-based Advanced Telemetry Processing and Display System. System hardware and software functions will be partitioned, and applicable commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technologies considered for their applicability. Design trade-offs will be performed and presented along with the capabilities and any limitations of the recommended system architecture. The program will include the development of a validation test plan for the proposed system to be used in Phase II as the basis for a validation and qualification of the ATPD system. |
| PHOTON RESEARCH ASSOC., INC.
5720 Oberlin Drive San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 455-9741
Woodrow Wilson AF 98-277 |
| Title: | lethality Test Instrumentation |
| Abstract: | Live fire testing against realistic targets is essential to progress in munition design. Traditional lethality testing is labor intensive and expensive. Its evaluation is highly subjective, susceptible to the biases and expertise of the evaluators, and prone to errors of omission. A comprehensive suite of calibrated instruments is needed to allow the lethality test engineer to fully exploit these expensive tests. This program designs instrumentation suites with broad application to lethality testing. Phase I assesses novel and conventional measures of weapon damage. It matches the measurements with damage modes, and assesses the information content of the signal. Promising approaches are matched with classes of weapon/target pairs. These are the basis for concepts recommended for further exploration and development. Phase II prototypes the lethality instrumentation systems. Sensor suites are assembled, and preliminary integrating software is implemented. These systems are refined and validated in live fire tests performed by the Government. Lethality test support systems to be developed under Phase III are selected for their demonstrated utility. The proposed program will identify accessible battle damage assessment signals as a natural product of well instrumented lethality tests. Judicious fusion of selected signals should improve damage evaluation reliability. |
| DBC COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
40 Fort Hill Avenue Gloucester, MA 01930 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 281-0244
Dr. Duncan B. Cox, Jr. AF 98-278 |
| Title: | tightly Coupled GPS-INS Laboratory Test Capability |
| Abstract: | An architecture is proposed for testing tightly-integrated GPS-inertial navigation systems in a laboratory enviroment. The architecture takes advantage of existing test equipment and provides for integration with avionics systems test beds such as the Navigation Test and Evaluation Laboratory (NavTEL) at the Air Force Central Inertial Guidance Test Facility (CIGTF). Certain specific sub-systems, involving simulation, interface, analysis, and presentation are proposed in order to complete the architecture. The proposed Phase-I effort is a feasibility study. |
| ARCON CORP.
260 Bear Hill Rd Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 890-3330
Teresa H. O'Donnell AF 98-279 |
| Title: | Adaptive Antenna Array for Radar Cross Section (RCS) Measurement |
| Abstract: | ARCON Corporation proposes a number of cost-effective improvements for measuring low RCS targets on the USAF RATSCAT RCS measurement ranges. These improvements include hardware modifications and intelligent adaptive software to improve measurement accuracy while controlling costs by keeping most of the present reflector systems. Specifically, we address the problem of pylon reflections, illumination of the range by high sidelobes on transmit, time varying clutter returns on receive, and backround drift in the natural range enviroment. The solutions include: (a) deterministic adaptive nulling for the reflectors on transmit with optional coherent sidelobe cancellation on receive; (b) a vertical reflector array for monopulse and adaptive nulling on receive; (c) active, analog cancellation of the pylon reflections; and (d) intelligent adaptation of backround measurements using neural networks and an expert system to optimize backround subtraction during enviroment or system drift. |
| MISSION RESEARCH CORP.
PO Drawer 719 Santa Barbara, CA 93102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 429-9261
Dr. Jeffery A. Bettie AF 98-279 |
| Title: | Adpative Antenna Array for Radar Cross Section (RCS) measurements |
| Abstract: | This research involves methods and hardware required to adaptively synthesize an optimized array pattern for performing RCS measurements at the RATSCAT ground-bounce radar range. By adaptively adjusting the array element weighting, shaping the illumination pattern throughout the target quiet zone is possible. This causes more incident field energy to illuminate the target, while less energy illuminates the target supports and other sources of clutter. Theoretical and computer modeling of the ground-bounce range shall be performed, simulating the effects of the array and aiding the optimization procedure.The optimization procedure involes both simulated clutter sources and field probe methods. The feasibility for practical application shall be investigated,with recommendations covering the hardware implementation of the adaptive array system at RATSCAT. |
| MISSION RESEARCH CORP.
PO Drawer 719 Santa Barbara, CA 93102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 693-4149
Dr. Carl A. Mentzer AF 98-280 |
| Title: | Affordable RCS Reduction for the T-38 |
| Abstract: | The Air Force has a requirement for a reduced signature airborne vehicle. Significant savings in time and cost would accrue if a manned aircraft could be used to simulate cruise missile fly-bys during radar system evaluations. This effort will define signature modifications for an AT-38 aircraft so that it will look like a cruise missile in the forward aspect regions. The viability of the program rests on how creatively the vehicle can be modified to the required levels - without significantly impacting flying qualities - without necessitating a major flight qualification program - without inducing major maintenance operations, and - without incurring retrofit costs beyond the funding limits of a Phase II SBIR. In this program MRC will 1) define requirements for a reduced signature AT-38 aircraft, 2) define modifications for major scatterers during preliminary design, 3) perform computer analyses of the vehicle system and major scatterers, 4) complete final designs of all modifications planned for Phase II, 5) perform an impact assessment relative to flight safety and system performance, 6) develop and deliver a final report documenting the results of the work done and recommendations for Phase II. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Applied Technology Division Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-1416
Freddie Lin AF 98-281 |
| Title: | A Modular Telemetry Data Access Technique |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop unique communication end-equipment to provide cost-efficient switching of wide band telemetry data. Cost and bandwidth efficiency is the primary advantage of our solution. POC's approach will also be capable of real-time intra-/inter-range data transfer, broadcast and point-to-point connections, and high data rate transmission. Additional features of POC's solution include lossless data compression and two-level data control/monitoring. In Phase I, our objectives are to conduct a cost/technical analysis of the proposed approach, and to present a recommended Phase II full-scale system implementation plan. |
| OPHIR CORP.
10184 West Belleview Ave. Littleton, CO 80127 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 933-2200
Dr. Stuart P. Beaton AF 98-282 |
| Title: | Range Atmospheric visibility Monitoring (RAVM) |
| Abstract: | To fully characterize the "visibility" along a slant range, the atmosphere must be To fully characterize the "visibility" along a slant range, the atmosphere must be characterized for extinction factors leading to reduced contrast, as well as turbulence effects which reduce the image resolution of targets. The proposed system is a Rayleigh/Mie lidar (laser radar) system which measures molecular and aerosol backscattering to map out the range-resolved atmospheric extinction coefficient. The visual range and maximum image resolution are then calculated from these results. The system employes a narrow line width, frequency agile Cr:LiSAF/Raman-shifted laser transmitter capable of multiwavelength operations at all typical sensor wavelength (for example, visible, 850nm, 1.6um, and the 2-5um range). The detection system will use a novelfiltering scheme for separating the Rayleigh and Mie return signals. Future addons will make the lidar fully scanning to deliver 2-D or 3-D visibility information throughout the entire airspace. |
| PACIFIC-SIERRA RESEARCH CORP.
2901 28th St Suite 300 Santa Monica, CA 90405 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 314-2380
Richard F. Lutomirski AF 98-282 |
| Title: | Range Atmospheric Visibility Monitoring {RAVM) |
| Abstract: | The atmosphere can limit the ability to detect or identify objects using visible-infared imaging sensors; when of sufficient serverity, the atmospheric induced degradations may render expensive test data useless. PSR proposes to design,develop, and demonstrate a compact, affordable, and easy to use set of sensors for monitoring the visibility of distant objects by multispectral imaging sensors;a base set of the RAVM sensor suite, using only single-ended instruments, will provide real-time monitoring of the effects of atmospheric molecules, aerosols, and turbulence along the imager-object line-of-sight on image quality, and remote sensors will provide advanced prediction of the image degradation.The PSR designed RAVM sensor will predict the ranges at which given objects can be detected or identified, as well as the resolution for a given range. |
| WADDAN SYSTEMS
8801 Encino Ave Northridge, CA 91325 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 257-4172
Dr. Mahendra Singh AF 98-283 |
| Title: | Low Cost Modular GPS/INS |
| Abstract: | In Phase I of this program, the research on a Low Cost Modular GPS/INS will be performed. This effort encompasses development of a general computer simulation that can be used for analyzing various GPS/INS mechanizations. A trade-off analysis of the GPS and INS modules will include different types of hardware available and currently approaching maturity. The objective of the effort is demonstrate the feasibility of a system that will be Plug-and-Play compatible with the existing INS hardware in military aurcraft. |
| DIGCOM, INC.
44685 Country Club Dr. El Macero, CA 95618 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(530) 753-0738
Kamilo Feher, Ph.D. AF 98-284 |
| Title: | FQPSK-GMSK increased spectral efficiency, high performance - high speed 'dual use' telemetry system optimization |
| Abstract: | Modulation-RF transceiver technology Research & Development for high performance optimized 'dual-use' cost and spectrum efficient military/commercial system deployments is proposed. Phase-1 work will contribute to more than doubling of the data rate transmission capability of RF band-width-constrained operational air-to-ground telemetry systems. Inventions,FQPSK-GMSK Feher patented [1] systems and publications/test results,which have demonstrated that FQPSK is the most spectral and RF power efficient technology, will be used. Simultaneous optimization of parameters,including robust BEP performance, integrated coded-modem/radio and RF power efficient-Non Linearly Amplified (NLA), transceiver spectral saving designs are proposed. Transceiver performance optimization for complex interference, large and fast dynamic RF multi-path propagation changing enviroments of telemetry systems will be undertaken. System architectures,algorithms/coefficients and optimized not-coded and coded modem, fast synchronization and adaptive equalization systems will be developed. A new cost efficient generation of high performance FQPSK bit rate and RF frequency agile systems will be designed. The proposed work will contribute to enhanced performance TIER-1 telemetry developments, required by year 1999. Phase-1 will also include preliminary studies of optimized higher-order modulated NLA sytems, including trellis-coded NLA-QAM, FQAM, F-Mod and CPM-FM. These will further increase spectral efficiencies and could have TIER-2 and TIER-3 applications to the year 2010 and beyond. |
| NOVA ENGINEERING, INC.
5 Circle Freeway Dr Cincinnati, OH 45246 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(513) 860-3456
Terrance J. Hill AF 98-284 |
| Title: | High Performance Modulations for Telemetry (HYPERMOD) |
| Abstract: | New airborne data systems, such as the Common Airborne Instrumentation System (CAIS), can generate instrumentation data at rates up to 50 Mbps - this far exceeds the transmission capacities of current telemetry equipment. In effect, there is more information available than can be relayed to the ground. The "natural" solution to this problem, increasing the transmission bandwidth of the telemetry system, is no solution at all - the spectrum is already fully utilized. It is therefore imperative that more efficient transmission techniques be employed.There are several areas in which new technologies can be applied to increase telemetry system throughput. Data compression, forward error correction, high-order modulations, and dynamic multiple access techniques can make better use of the available spectrum. The proposed program, High performance Modulations for Telemetry (HYPERMOD), focuses on more efficient modulation techniques, and the hardware and software which implement the modulation. The HYPERMOD program meets the challenge of increasing telemetry data throughput by providing a system-level data throughput of at least 2 bps/Hz, accounting for multiple channels operating in a densely packed spectrum -Nova's design will result in detailed waveform specfications; subsequently,the system will be fully simulated to validate the proposed performance improvements. |
| MISSION RESEARCH CORP.
735 State Street Santa Barbara, CA 93102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(850) 729-4494
Dr. Leo Kempel AF 98-285 |
| Title: | Common Terrain Database Research |
| Abstract: | Mission Research Corporation (MRC) and its subcontractor, Terrain Experts Inc. (TERREX) proposes the development of an integrated terrain database combining visual, microwave, and infrared sensor derived information. The goal is to provide the Government with the capability of simulating realistic flight conditions within fixed Government-owned resources such as the Benefield Anechoic Facility (BAF). Hence, with an integrated test facility, the Government has the ability to test electronic warefare and reconnaissance systems without actually flying the aircraft. The MRC/TERREX simulator will utilize radar reflectivity, infrared reflectance and virtual terrain simulations to provide the user with radar. infrared, and visual (out-of-the-cockpit) images as the system under test (SUT) is "flown" through the test scenario. The MRC/TERREX teams offers unique capabilities to provide this integrated simulation package due to MRC's experience in physical modeling, BAF-related system development, and Government program management along with TERREX's extensive experience in terrain visualization and real-time systems. |
| PHOTON RESEARCH ASSOC., INC.
5720 Oberlin Dr San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 455-9741
Frederick C. Mertz AF 98-285 |
| Title: | An Innovative Approach for the Development of Common Terrain Databases |
| Abstract: | The derivation of spatially correlated high-fidelity Infrared (IR) and Radar (SAR) scenes from visual imagery texture maps used in visual simulators requires: 1.) the accurate, timely creation of Wavelength Independent Texture (WIT) map databases and 2.) a simulator capable of using these databases to produce simulated IR/Radar imagery. The primary obstacle to widespread use of IR/Radar with real-time out-the-window simulations is the low level of automation in the development of WIT maps. This Phase I effort will define, prototype and evaluate a system for the rapid production of WIT maps from visible imagery and numerous disparate data layers, including raw and processed NIMA, DTED and DFAD data and digital cartographic data. Neural networks will be trained on imagery to recognize the "signature" of materials given selected spectral and collateral inputs. The use of collateral inputs offers a vast improvment over previous neural networks material classification research which focuses solely on spectral characteristics of the data. The system will also accommodate the use of single-band imagery. In this effort PRA will prototype and evaluate a mapping system which is expected to improve the accuracy of WIT maps and reduce the develop-ment time for WIT maps from weeks to hours. |
| QUICK REACTION CORP.
2533 N. Carson St Carson City, NV 89706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(702) 784-6927
Dr. Randy Haupt AF 98-286 |
| Title: | Radio Frequency (RF) Plane Wave Generator |
| Abstract: | QRC submits this proposal in response to SBIR AF98-286 for a Plane Wave generator. The plane wave generator is required to generate a free space RF wave installed in the Benefield Anechoic Facility (BAF) to evaluate the various electromagnetic systems installed on the aircraft systems such as the B1B, F16, and C17. The generator must cover a wide frequency band in order to test the many different radiating systems on aircraft today. In addition, the generator requires polarization agility, so the polarization of the system on the aircraft and the generator match. The generator input power must be at least 100W and should be capable of detecting any desired signal. This generator must be mobile enough to place at various locations within the chamber or even removed when not in use. Beam steering allows the generator to cover a wider range of the chamber without the generator. The generator must have a low RCS, so scattering does not interfere with any test. A coporate feed is proposed. Amplitude and phase control of the signals allows the array to place the desired plane wave at various angles and distances within the chamber. Design variables of the array include the number of elements, phase and amplitude weighting at the elements, and location of the elements. This design does not preclude aperiodic array designs. We propose designing a planar phased array that can steer and focus the plane wave via phase and amplitude weighting of the signals at the elements. Our appoach uses a genetic algorithm to optimize the antenna design. Genetic algorithms are computer algorithms that optimize complex problems by modeling natural selection and genetics. These algorithms are superior to conventional methods because they can optimize a large number of parameters over a very complex output. One important characteristic of the plane wave is the depth of field or quiet zone. Although not listed as one of the technical requirements, the depth of field may prove to be an important design parameter and can be calculated easily using the proposed computer model. The depth of field is a parameter that can be modified by appropriate phase and amplitude tapers on the array. |
| VOSS SCIENTIFIC
418 WASHINGTON ST SE ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 255-4201
DR. CLIFTON C. COURTNEY AF 98-286 |
| Title: | GENETIC ALGORITHM-CONFIGURED PLANEWAVE GENERATOR |
| Abstract: | The need exists to generate high-quality electromagnetic planewave enviroments over large assets or extended volumes for testing avionics suites installed on full-size aircraft. Previously, these conditions were realized only be using farfield ranges or large compact range configurations. We propose to investigate a unique solution to the problem. Instead of trying to generate a planewave enviroment over the entire volume, we propose to design a system that creates an incident field that is planewave in nature only over local points on the SUT. The test engineer indentifies the locations on an asset where the apertures of interest are located, and the planewave generator produces a field distribution where the incident field only over these locations have planewave amplitude, phase, and polarization relationships- -the field is free to assume any value in other areas of the test volume and on the asset where no specific value is demanded (say at a midpoint between two apertures). By relaxing the requirement on the EM field in the entire test volume, we have greatly reduced the overall complexity and defined a tractable problem that has a potential engineering solution. The system will be comprised of a set (three or four) of transmitting stations, each an array of broadband elements with individual excitation vector (amplitude and phase) control. The exact aperture locations on the asset and the direction and polarization of the desired planewave are input to a genetic algorithm. The genetic algorithm researches within the near infinite family of excitation vectors for one that produces a radiated field that meets the prescribed criteria, i.e. produces a field distribution with "local" planewave behavior over the asset's apertures. This excitation then drives the array elements to create the desired EM enviroment. |
| SCIENCE & ENGINEERING SERVICES, INC.
4039 Blackburn Ln Burtonsville, MD 20866 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 989-1896
Dr. Coorg R. Prasad AF 98-287 |
| Title: | A Mobile DIAL Lidar for Continuous Meaurement of the Concentration and Transport of Tropospheric Ozone |
| Abstract: | Hig concentration of ground-level ozone is undesirable because it initiates photochemical smog formation, and is also detrimental to human health. Continuous monitoring of ozone is essential to measure its variability, its transport across regional boundaries, and the dynamic sources and sinks that control its production. We propose to develop a novel compact differential absorption lidar (DIAL) to continuously measure ozone concentration profiles with sufficient sensitivity (10ppb) and accuracy (10%), for 10km range with 500m resolution, for averaging under one hour. A high repetition rate (1kHz), tunable (280-295nm), 0.5mJ/pulse Ce:LiSAF laser, which is pumped by the fourth harmonic (266nm) diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser, will provide both on-and off-line pulses. The optimum on-and off-line laser wavelengths are chosen between 286 and 292nm. Atmospheric back scattered signals is collected by a 35cm aperture telescope that can be scanned to allow horizontal, vertical or slant path measurements. This ruggedized lidar will be housed in a small van for mobility, and provided with autonomous operation capability. In Phase I a comprehensivedesign of the ozone lidar will be performed together with a feasibility demonstration using a bread-board lidar. In Phase II, the prototype mobile ozone lidar will be built and used for ozone transport measurements. |
| AEROCHEM CORP.
7821 NW 51 Drive Gainesville, FL 32653 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(352) 392-6740
James P. Hubner AF 98-288 |
| Title: | Development of Advanced Capability Pressure Sensitive Paints |
| Abstract: | AeroChem Corporation proposes to develop a new multi-luminophor pressure-sensitive paints (PSPs) suitable for full-field surface measure-ments over pressure and temperature ranges of 200 to 2000 psf and 20 to 150 F, respectively. These paints will allow simultaneous measure-ment of pressure and temperature, eliminate requirements for wind-off references to compensate for nonuniform illumination, and providethe chemical and mechanical properties demanded for a variety of aerodynamic testing. Additionally, AeroChem will develop the hardware and software needed to properly decouple the emission characteristics of the various luminophors and to incorporate these new coatings into existing PSP measurement systems. The resulting product will be compatible with conventional emission integration and lifetime measurement systems and will meet the mandated measurement accuracy of1% for Phase I and 0.2% for Phase II. The new coating and system advancements will eliminate or minimize many difficulties associated with image registration and mapping. Two candiate dual-luminophor (pressure-temperature) coatings have already been developed by AeroChem- -both showing good emission band separation and measurement characteristics for atmospheric and sub-atmospheric pressure measurements with temperatures ranging between 80 and 150 F (a temperature range surpassing the variation specified in the Phase I RFP). |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Research & Development Div. Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-7130
Edgar Mendoza, Ph.D. AF 98-288 |
| Title: | Temperature Compensated Sol-Gel Derived Pressure Sensitive Coating |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new pressure sensitive luminescent pain, based on fluorescence sol-gel (FluoroSol coatings, for surface aerodynamic flow field mapping in windtunnel tests. This proposal addresses the problem of accurately mapping aerodynamic flow fields on aerodynamic surfaces, with high resolution, fast response time, low photodegradation, large stokes shifts, and temperature compensation. Specifically in the Phase I program, POC will investigate the oxygen quenching properties of a variety of target fluorescence indicators in a unique sol-gel matrix with the goal of obtaining one or more candidates that will exhibit the desired engineering specifications for pressure sensitive paints. POC will also investigate a variety of temperature sensitive colorimetric indicators that can be combined in the same matrix with the pressure indicators to produce a temperture compensated flow field measurement. At the end of the Phase I pro-gram, POC will demonstrate a FluoroSol coating, applied on a metal surface, that will exhibit a pressure sensitivity in the range of 200 to 2000 psf with a 1% accuracy in the presence of 20F temperature variations. |
| AMAIN ELECTRONICS COMPANY, INC.
1875 Angus Ave., Unit C Simi Valley, CA 93063 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 577-0583
William Mandl AF 98-289 |
| Title: | Extremely Linear High Contrast Digital Visible Light Camera |
| Abstract: | Amain has developed and proposes a new electronic camera technology that digitally captures and converts at the pixel level. The approach, MOSAD,Multiplexed OverSample Analog to digital conversion is based on well proven oversample analog to digital conversion, A/D, processes. Oversample A/D at the pixel is accomplished using charge transfers, eliminating the need for precision or trimmed components to achieve high accuracy. Readout noise is filtered out to such an extent that transistor buffering at the pixel is not required as with active pixel sensors, APS. A randomly accessed monolithic silicon visible light digital sensor array can be built with pixel sizes smaller than 16 microns using low cost 1.2 micron charge well technology. A fill factor of better than 60% is also achieved without microlenses. MOSAD provides a sensing and conversion process that is inherently linear, well beyond the 0.01% that has been reported with other approaches. One of the benefits of this new approach is that the entire process of detection and conversion is contained in a simple monolithic chip. The effort involved will be to design and develop the sensor. |
| PHOTOBIT CORP.
135 N. Los Robles Ave. Pasadena, CA 91101 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 683-2200
Dr. Eric R. Fossum AF 98-289 |
| Title: | CMOS APS Scientific Imaging Camera |
| Abstract: | The problem to be addressed in this work is the development of a high resolution CMOS active pixel sensor (APS) digital camera for scientific imaging. The camera has to be high resolution both in terms of the number of pixels and the bit resolution of its analog-to-digital converter. The CMOS APS is a recently developed high performance CMOS image sensor technology compatible with the on-chip integration of CMOS circuits for signal processing and analog-to-digital conversion. This gives the CMOS APS unprecedented potential to combine high performance imaging with advanced signal processing circuits such as high resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADC). The availability of on-chip ADC with resolutions up to 16 bits will provide tremendous advantages to camera system designers by eliminating costly and difficult external 16 bit ADC circuits. This simplifies system design, reduces board space requirements and lower overall system power consumption. In Phase I, a monochrome digital APS camera will be developed. This camera will be based around a digital APS imager with 512x512-pixel resolution and on-chip 12-bit analog-to-digital converter. This camera will be capable of operating at 10Hz or better for the full array. In Phase III, marketable prototype camera will be developed with 1024x1024 resolution, 16-bit digital resolution, and 10 Hz or better frame rate. |
| APOLLO ENTERPRISE
18019 Sky Park Circle, St. F Irvine, CA 92614 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 756-3111
Gregory Gheen AF 98-290 |
| Title: | A Highly Accurate, Non-intrusive Measuring Device for Model Attitude and Deformation Detection |
| Abstract: | We propose to build a highly accurate data collection instrument that can be used to measure model attitude and model deformation (MAMD). The measurement system will be easily configured to accommodate a wide range wind tunnel sizes and model sizes. Current techniques for MAMD measurements have many limitations. The proposed approach is novel and unique, and has the ability to meet or exceed all of the AEDC's resolution and speed requirements. The system will have the capability of providing a measurement rate of greater than 200 Hz, and measuring the model roll pitch and yaw to a resolution of better than 0.01 degrees at a distance of 8 feet. Both the dynamic and steady surface deflections can be measured at a resolution up to 0.001 inches. The proposed system is both reliable and versatile, and can be constructed with proven, off-the-shelf technology leading to low cost. The proposed MAMD measurement system will be extremely valuable for flight test evaluation. It can be used to assess model loading and model vibration. It will also be a valuable tool in correlating the results from wind tunnel tests with the results from computational fluid dynamic models (CFD). |
| SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING CORP.
P.O. Box 162487 Austin, TX 78716 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 306-1100
Byron G. Zollars, Ph.D. AF 98-290 |
| Title: | Nonintrusive Measurement of Model Attitude and Deformation Under Aerodynamic Loads |
| Abstract: | SPEC proposes to provide a non-scanning, non-contract instrument which will provide highly accurate absolute range measurements to a number of points on a wind tunnel model. These points will be defined by small reflective patches painted on the model surface. The instrument will direct a laser beam onto each of these points with the beam diameter adjusted to cover any expected variations in location of the reflective spot. The instrument will simultaneously measure the range of each of the strategically placed points and thereby determine the instantaneous pitch, roll, yaw and deformation of the model under test. The instrument set will be controlled from a central PC and, coupled with appropriate processing software, will provide a sensitive and versatile system for the determination of instantaneous model attitude and deformation. The time series of the data(.100Hz) will further provide a measure of model vibrations which can be correlated with wind tunnel parameters fed to the control PC. |
| SCIENCE RESEARCH LABORATORY, INC.
15 Ward Street Somerville, MA 02143 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 547-1122
Peter Rostler AF 98-291 |
| Title: | New Rapid Multipoint Optical Flow Monitor |
| Abstract: | This SBIR program will develop a novel optical diagnostic for mapping as flows in a spatially localized, nonperturbing way. The new technique has high-frequency response and fine-scale resolution, and can be absolutely calibrated. The flow is illuminated with two or more laser beams that intersect within the flow. Medium refractive variations produce beam phase variations, which are converted to intensity variations, and a selected scale size component of these fluctuations is then measured by differencing two nearly equal light intensities. Proof-of-principle experiments have already validated the concept. In the proposed Phase I program, this new diagnostic will be optimized, characterized, and then extended to the monitoring of a flow at many points simultaneously. Data obtained during Phase I will allow fabrication and delivery of an instrument to an Air Force facility during Phase II. |
| MATERIALS & SYSTEMS RESEARCH, INC.
1473 South Pioneer Road Salt Lake City, UT 84104 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 973-1199
Dr. Jan-FongJue AF 98-292 |
| Title: | Highly Permeable and Selective Membranes for High-Flux Atomic Oxygen Generator |
| Abstract: | This proposed project addresses the feasibility of using dual mixed ionic-electronic conductor (MIEC) and Ag membrane for high flux atomic oxygen generator. The high chemical reactivity of atomic oxygen flux has caused substantial degradation of materials on the Space Shuttle. An atomic oxygen generator which can be used in ground-based laboratories is desperately needed. Current techniques for forming atomic oxygen such as thermal dissociation, high-temperature electrical discharge, ion beams,laser breakdown, etc. have some combination of the following problems:low flux density, cost, numerous excited states of oxygen and other gases. In this proposed work, the combination of highly-oxygen permeable MIEC and thin Ag film is expected to generate very high flux of atomic oxygen. The atomic oxygen flux generated is believed to be at least four order of magnitude greater than that using Ag membrane. The use of highly oxygen-permeable MIEC also provides the possibility of directly using air as the source of oxygen. This dual membrane also gives the opportunity of using higher oxygen or air pressure on the upstream side to further enhance the flux of atomic oxygen. The simple concept and design of this proposed atomic oxygen generator will permit the design and construction of cost-effective, compact-sized, and high-flux atomic oxygen generator in Phase II. |
| METROLASER, INC.
18010 Skypark Circle Irvine, CA 92614 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 553-0688
Stefan R. Martin, Ph.D. AF 98-293 |
| Title: | Hybrid Optical/Micro-Mechanical Shear Stress Sensors |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a new type of microfabricated sensor capable of measuring time-resolved shear stress inside turbulent boundary layers. Unlike existing micro-mechanical designs, the proposed sensor uses optical rather than electrical addressing. Optical addressing results in four important improvements: 1) More robust and rugged micro-mechanical sensors can be constructed by taking advantage of the high sensitivity of optical interferometry for the detection of small displacements, 2)optical addressing allows mutiple sensors to be placed on a single device, mitigating the effects of single sensor failure, 3) for research purposes,multiple sensors can easily be deployed over a test surface and suquentially addressed from outside the model, eliminating the need for electrical access behind the model, and 4) real-time full field analysis of shear stress will become possible by simultaneously addressing multiple sensors. The microfabricated sensor will be suitable for economical mass production and can be incorporated into both research and flight situations. |
| METROLASER, INC.
18010 Skypark Circle Irvine, CA 92614 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 553-0688
James D. Trolinger, Ph.D. AF 98-294 |
| Title: | A Generalized Approach to Selecting, Designing, and Constructing Conformal, Optical Windows for Wind Tunnels |
| Abstract: | Conventional wind tunnels are designed to provide test conditions for models while incorporating required diagnostics. As optical diagnostics become more sophisticated, the requirements on optical access become more demanding. Flat windows and their mountings on curved cell walls can adversely affect the flows in these tunnels, not only affecting the test conditions themselves but also complicating optical diagnostics. Problems include aberrations, losses, multiple reflections, window contamination, effects on the flow and boundary layer, and many others. Solutions to these problems vary widely. Conformal opticals can reduce effects on the flow, but curved optics introduce new problems such as high cost and aberrations. This proposal offers a generalized approach to the selection and production of conformal optical elements. The approach will be applicable to a wide variety of requirements imposed by different diagnostic techniques. An optics code will be selected and adapted for this application to provide specifications for the window optical characteristics which can be assessed imediately. A library of aberration correction procedures, materials, and mounting and mechancial options will be provided. Including refractive and diffractive optics. Specific cases of duct/test cell walls include both cylindrical and compound curvature. |
| FERMIONICS CORP.
4555 Runway Street Simi Valley, CA 93063 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 582-0155
Dr. Muren Chu AF 98-295 |
| Title: | Advanced Short, Mid and Long Wavelength Infrared Detector Material |
| Abstract: | The goal of this three phase program is to develop a technology to produce Shortwave Infrared (SWIR), Midwave Infrared (MWIR), and Longwave Infrared (LWIR) Mecury Cadmium Telluride (HgCdTe) materials and arrays for strategic applications. The major Phase I objective is to demonstrate a high yield technology for producing device quality HgCdTe Liquid Phase Epitaxy (LPE) layers. In order to achieve this objective, our appoach is to minimize the defects in both ZnCdTe substrates and HgCdTe layers. Linear and area SWIR, MWIR, and LWIR arrays will be fabricated to validate this technology. During Phase I of this program, we will complete the study of the effect of ZnCdTe substrate quality on the properties of LWIR layers and diodes, and will continue the process of minimizing defects in HgCdTe epilayers. Three inch ZnCdTe crystals will be grown, HgCdTe epilayers will be produced, and HGCdTe detector arrays will be fabricated. P-on-n, 128x128 LWIR arrays and n-on-p linear arrays will be manufactured to validate our state-of-the-art technology. The 128x128 arrays will be hybridized to readout multiplexers and be extensively tested. In Phase II, we will further refine the above processes and will establish a pilot production line to produce ZnCdTe/CdTe crystals, HgCdTe LPE layers, and HgCdTe SWIR, MWIR, and LWIR arrays. During Phase III, the new advanced products will be commercialized. |
| ELECTROMAGNETIC TECHNIQUES, INC.
Colorado Springs, CO 80907 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 495-0359
John Norgard AF 98-296 |
| Title: | Microwave Holography Using Infrared Thermograms of Electromagnetic Fields For Testing Phased Array Radar Antennas |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to develop a field-deployable infrared (IR) thermal-imaging system capable of determining the operational status (magnitude and phase) of each element in a large phased array radar antenna.A definitive indication of the radiation status of an array element of the antenna can be determined by placing a thin, low-loss, IR detector screen near or on the radiating element. If the element is radiating, the Joule heating of the lossy material in the screen can be detected using an IR scanning camera. The measured temperature of the screen can be correlated to the magnitude of the incident near-field radiation and will give an immediate indication of the radiation condition of the phase shifters. The phase of the incident near-field radiation can be measured using microwave holographic techniques to give an accurate indication of the actual phase of the phase shifter.The near-field magnitude and phase of the radiation can be transformed to the far field using standard Fourier Transformation techniques. In the far field, the gain of the array can be determined . If the far-field radiation pattern is then back-transformed to the aperture plane, the actual phase of each individual array element can also be determined. |
| MISSION RESEARCH CORP.
PO Drawer 719 Santa Barbara, CA 93102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 429-9261
Dr. Al Torres AF 98-296 |
| Title: | Phased Array Radar Diagnostics and Imagine |
| Abstract: | A unique and novel concept to quickly determine defects on phased array radar antenna systems is proposed. The concept is based on the hybridization of IR imaging techniques and the utilization of a miniature optical probe. The concept is independent of frequency, can handle full power and will provide the government with laboratory type measurement accuracies. The measurement concept is highly portable, lightweight (< 40 lbs) and easy to operate. It will meet all government enviromental and safety requirements. |
| TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP.
11400 W Olympic Blvd Los Angeles, CA 90064 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 954-2200
Dr. Randy F. van Daalen W AF 98-297 |
| Title: | Multi-Color Filter Development for Hardward-In-The-Loop Facility |
| Abstract: | The Integrated Infrared Complex at the Air Force Electronic Warfare Evaluation Simulator (AFEWES) Hardware-In-The-Loop (HITL) facility in Fort Worth, Texas, simulates high fidelity IR signatures for realistic testing and evaluation of IR sensors and countermeasures; a current growth requirement is the capability to appropriately simulate the IR Band IV to IR Band I Color (radiance) ratio. The team of Technology Service Corporation (TSC) and Oriel Instruments (Oriel) proposes to develop and demonstrate a multi-color filter system that will meet this requirement. Candidate solutions such as anti-reflection and high-reflectance films, an innovative dual-polarizer filter approach, and others will be developed and evaluated. Tradeoff studies will address the filter performance, operating enviroment , cost, placement, and installation. Following selection of the best solution (to be coordinated with the Air Force), a multi-color filter demonstration system will be developed and demonstrated at AFEWES to show feasibility of the technical approach for developing the full multi-color filter system capability under a Phase II effort. Under Phase I, TSC will develop the filter system technical approach and design; the optical design and fabrication resources of Oriel will be used in support of TSC's design effort and to fabricate and test the demonstration system. |
| SIMWRIGHT, INC.
135 East John Sims Parkway Niceville, FL 32578 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(850) 678-8040
Kerry Christopher AF 98-298 |
| Title: | Rapid Database Generation and Reconfigurable Simulation Framework |
| Abstract: | This research will define and demonstrate the appropriate technologies for AFDTC to establish a real time visual simulation capability. Careful review of existing government and commercial resources will serve as a basis for establishing a research and development path. This research will result in a capability that maximizes the use of visual simulation for test center support. This will be comprised of two main components.The first component is a method to rapidly transform stereo imagery into a digital terrain and cultural feature data base. The derived data base will be suitable for operations such as precision targeting, test even synchronization, virtual bomb drop debris fields and density level spheres. The data base generation process will be rapid, world wide, highly accurate and maximize operational utility. The second component establishes an optimal method for real time display. This display capability will be oriented towards test support functions including situational awareness, test control, engineering analysis and range safety. The display capability will be a reconfigurable, real time, open architcture that seamlessly accommodates visual,infrared and radar sensor scenes displayed on NT and Unix systems. |
| DYNAMICS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
1555 Wilson Blvd., Suite 320 Arlington, VA 22209 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 841-0990
Ralph Chatham DARPA 98-001 |
| Title: | Synthetic Aperture Sonar on Bottom Crawling Platforms for Littoral Warfare Mine Hunting and Mapping |
| Abstract: | Dynamics Technology, Inc. and our hardware/vehicle partner, Foster-Miller, Inc., propose to explore the potential for synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) mounted on small bottom-crawling vehicles (SAS Snoops) to map mines and obstacles covertly in shallow water and surf-zones. We considered other sensor and platform approaches and find them unlikely to yield a comprehensive solution to the operational/technical problems. In Phase I, we propose to measure motion characteristics of bottom crawlers in several environments. We will estimate the acoustic and medium stability properties of these environments from existing databases and use this with the motion information to emulate sensor performance of a SAS system. We will assess the broad trade space available to SAS and determine what additional data must be collected to verify the feasibility of a SAS Snoop system. We will develop a conceptual design for a SAS Snoop to measure this data and to demonstrate operational potential. In Phase II, we would fabricate the prototype SAS Snoop. We would conduct critical surf tests, develop operational concepts and system designs in cooperation with the mine warfare community and commercial/academic organizations who require precise bottom maps in shallow water. |
| THE KILDARE CORP.
One Spar Yard Rd, New London, CT 06320 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 443-7768
Robert Bulmer DARPA 98-001 |
| Title: | A Towed Parametric Sonar for Littoral Warfare, Mine Hunting, and Mapping |
| Abstract: | The conceptual design is presented of a Remote Operating Minehunting Parametric Sonar (ROMPS), for use with the existing Perry technologies RMV as an unmanned tow-vehicle. The ROMPS has three separate sonar systems, viz. (1) a forward-looking sonar, (2)) a side-looking sonar, and (3) a conventional fathometer. Both the forward-looking sonar and the side-looking sonar can operate at their primary frequencies and at much lower parametric frequencies. The forward-looking and side-looking sytems, both the primary and parametric modes, cover different but adjoining frequency bands. Thus, the separate systems can operate simultaneously, or in rapid sequence without target confusion. The ROMPS electronic system would be fully digital, utilizing the latest integrated circuitry and microprocessors. Preliminary calculations indicate that, because of the low-frequency, narrow beams that are free of side-lobes, parametric operation can detect mines and obstacles in the very-shallow-water and surface-zone regions atstand-off distances of approximately 5000 yards. |
| GASL, INC.
77 Raynor Ave, Ronkonkoma, NY 11779 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(516) 737-6100
Robert Bakos DARPA 98-002 |
| Title: | Low Cost Free-Flight Scramjet Test Technique |
| Abstract: | Development of a low-cost, near term approach to flight testing a hypersonic, storable fuel, scramjet engine using ballistic range technology is proposed. Flight-testing is easily the most expensive component of the triad of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), ground-testing and flight-testing needed to develop and demonstrate sustained and accelerating airbreathing flight at hypersonic speeds. Cost reduction by a factor of 100 to 200 relative to rocket launching a full-scale engine is sought. The proposed approach will leverage off GASL's low-cost, rapid prototyping capabilities for scramjet engines for wind tunnels and for NASA's Hyper-X flight test program, Boeing's prior experience in launching a scramjet from the SHARP gun at LLNL, and prior Army Research Lab personnel in data telemetry from gun-launched munitions. Essential aspects of the proposed approach are use of closely coordinated CFD and ground-testing to maximize the flight data yield and minimize the risk and cost, and use of a controlled flight environment to permit proper simulation of flight dynamic pressure. Flight speeds from Mach 6 to 12 are considered within existing ballistic range capabilities. Mach 8 is the proposed test point since it supports the goals of the HyTech and ARRMD programs. |
| AET, INC.
P.O. Box 33071, Indialantic, FL 32903 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 727-7587
Glenn Hess DARPA 98-003 |
| Title: | Engineering Decision Support Tool for Complex Electro-Mechanical Products |
| Abstract: | DARPA has identified a need for Engineering Decision Support computer tools for multi-disciplinary design teams involved in the specification, design and development of complex electro-mechanical products. During the product specification process, key decisions are made which define the product evolution and ultimately determine the product's acceptance by the customer. Current design systems have limited capabilities for supporting multi-disciplinary teams, Quality Function Deployment methods and Design of Experiments (DOE) methodology. AET has embodied DOE methods in a software technology called STADIUM, which is currently being incorporated in several product development efforts. STADIUM was developed by Florida Institute of Technology under funding from SEMATECH. This proposal by AET, Inc., directly addresses this DARPA challenge with a vision for creating a dynamic, multi-user Engineering Decision Support information system. This system could be used to facilitate the capture and communication of product requirements, specifications and design and rationale as well as provide database two-way interfaces to engineering tools used to establish design rationale. AET intends to encapsulate its STADIUM software and TD Technologies SLATE software with new methodology and software to produce a new web-based Engineering Decision Support tool. |
| CAMAS, INC.
1947 NW Garryanna St, Corvallis, OR 97330 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(541) 758-5088
David Ullman DARPA 98-003 |
| Title: | ConsensusBuilder: Collaborative Engineering Decision Support for Distributed Design of Complex Electro-Mechanical Products |
| Abstract: | The goal of this project is to develop ConsensusBuilder, a collaborative working environment which supports distributed team argumentation, negotiation, and consensus building through decision support. Based on a natural model of team decision making, this system enables the capture of the design rationale in value-added activities. Team support is provided for ad-hoc activities, those based on engineering best practices, and for methods that integrate evaluation results. The architecture of ConsensusBuilder allows for the future expansion to other design processes. The Phase I proposal is focused on developing a design for ConsensusBuilder using current software development best practice as a strategy for applying ConsensusBuilder to its own design. In other words, the ConsensusBuilder model developed in earlier research will be refined toward implementation using the current model on paper to support key decisions. ConsensusBuilder is the result of over 12 years of studying and modeling design engineers by the PIs, and the integration of research results from the fields of negotiation and argumentation modeling, design rationale capture, decision theoretics, and engineering best practices. The model underlying this proposal forms a basis for capturing design rationale by integrating best practices (current and new) and by providing tools to support team decision making. |
| KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS, INC.
One KBSI Place, 1408 University Drive East College Station, TX 77840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(409) 260-5274
Perakath Benjamin DARPA 98-003 |
| Title: | Integrated Framework for Engineering Decision Support (I-FEDS) |
| Abstract: | The goal of this project is to develop and demonstrate an innovative process-driven approach for information integrated management of the Product Realization Process (PRP). The product of this research, the Integrated Framework for Engineering Decision Support (I-FEDS) will support multi-disciplinary, distributed design teams through the collaborative PRP decision making process. The Phase I project objectives are 1) establish I-FEDS requirements, 2) develop design rationale management mechanisms, 3) design I-FEDS architecture, 4) develop I-FEDS demonstration prototype, and 5) develop Phase II plan. The Phase I activities will focus on the development of a design rationale management tool with automated support for design rationale recovery from workflow process execution status data. Anticipated I-FEDS end-users include i) PRP and product design process managers, and ii) product designers and engineers working in distributed collaborative teams. The innovations from this research will be rapidly transitioned to the DoD and industry in Phase I and Phase II. I-FEDS benefits i) reduced product/system life cycle costs, ii) reduced design and product realization times, and iii) higher quality designs because of superior design rationale management support. |
| NANODELIVERY, INC.
1032 Elmshade Lane, Nashville, TN 37211 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(615) 832-0060
Ales Prokop DARPA 98-004 |
| Title: | Three-Dimensional Vascularized Structure for Bioartificial Pancreas |
| Abstract: | The proposed project will improve the existing methodologies to protect non-human pancreatic islets from the immunologically-different host. Encapsulating the living islets in a protective membrane would allow insulin to be secreted, yet prevent the immune system from rejecting the islet. The lack of success of such transplanted islets inside the peritoneal cavity is now considered to be due to poor vascularization of the implant. The absence of fibrotic growth, leading to a necrotic zone within the islets. The objective of this proposal is to test a hypothesis that vascularization and angiogenesis can be induces by means of addition of proper angiogenic factors embedded within a polymeric bead or a polymeric coating. The angiogenesis would be sustained over a longer period of time, depending on the release characteristics of the polymer matrix. A biocompatible mesh or perforated tubular material will be applied as a resident material for microcapsules eventually bearing islets. It is anticipated that blood capillaries will be generated outside the capsules and will penetrate through the implant openings and ingrow into the vicinity of capsules/islets. The extent of angiogenesis will be determined via histology and immunochemistry. |
| PACIFIC-SIERRA RESEARCH CORP.
1400 Key Boulevard, Suite 700 Arlington, VA 22209 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(804) 923-3673
Charles Daitch DARPA 98-004 |
| Title: | Three-Dimensional Matrices for Cellular and Multicellular Biointerfaces |
| Abstract: | Biological macromolecules are highly efficient at recognizing specific analytes or catalyzing reactions in aqueous biological media; however, their natural liquid environment limits military practicality. Any delineation from the preferred buffered aqueous environment results in partial or total loss of reactivity. It would be advantageous to immobilize biological macromolecules in alternative environments that stabilize them and preserve their reactivities. The proposed effort introduces a revolutionary matrix called aerogel to immobilize cells resulting in a biologically active solid matrix. Sof-gel chemistry will be utilized to immobilize the cells in the silica matrix. The silica matrix has an extremely large internal surface area, low density, high porosity, and adjustable pore size, which together render a highly efficient, lightweight matrix for cell immobilization. Also, the silica matrix provides a protective environment for cells, thus increasing shelf life and reactivity. |
| SYMBIOTECH, INC.
8 Fairfield Blvd., Wallingford, CT 06492 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 949-2766
Robert Greenfield DARPA 98-004 |
| Title: | Three Dimensional Matrices for Culturing Cells |
| Abstract: | This Phase I Small Business Innovation Research Grant proposal will develop three-dimensional matrices for in vitro culturing of cells. Three-dimensional matrices will be developed using molecular imprinting polymer (MIP) technology. MIPs in combination with various biological extracellular matrix proteins will be utilized to form different three-dimensional matrices. The biocompatibility and physical properties of the matrices will be evaluated under various conditions. The ability of the different three-dimensional matrices to support the growth and differentiation of PC-12 pheochromacytoma cells will also be evaluated. |
| COMPUTER DEPARTMENT, LTD., THE
202 Washington Blvd., Half Moon Bay, CA 94019 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(415) 726-9433
Michael Brown DARPA 98-005 |
| Title: | Lifting Vehicle for Forward Deployed Combat Units |
| Abstract: | The Computer Department Limited (CDL) proposes to develop a portable, rotary wing platform for use as a universal lifting body for small payloads. This system will use a novel lifting system to operate with a wide range of payloads under a wide spectrum of environmental conditions. The key elements of this system is a light weight collapsable structure, electric propulsion, rotary wing design for vertical take-off and landing, computer based control system, RF unit, global positioning system, battery and a laptop computer based ground station. The system's user friendly computer operation, automatic station keeping feature, simple design and low maintenance permits unskilled personnel to assemble, test and operate it with highly reliable results. The system uses many off the shelf components and user friendly software to reduce error and make the system more attractive to the commercial market. Off the shelf components reduce development cost and time and provide alternate suppliers for replacement parts. The proposed Phase I effort will define hardware and software system requirements, identify high risk technologies and identify emerging technologies capable of enhancing performance and field use. This Phase I engineering effort will result in a Prototype design, System Analysis and Specification and Scientific Technical Report. |
| D-STAR ENGINEERING
4 Armstrong Rd, Shelton, CT 06484 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 925-7630
S. Dev DARPA 98-005 |
| Title: | D' HovRobot: Sensor Elevating System Capable of Tethered Hover and Free Flight |
| Abstract: | D'HovRobot is a rotor-less V/STOL UAV to meet the needs for tactical sensor elevation. It can operate on a tether, using cabled electrical power, or as a free-flyer, using an engine. It have a VTOL version for close-range operation, and a STOVL version for longer-range / helicopter-escort missions. The rotorless UAV can fly safely close to trees, wires and buildings. D'HovRobot is designed for carriage within, and deployment from, one HMMMV. It has a swappable power module with dual electric motors when tethered, or with lightweight D-STAR Diesel engine for free flight. The tethered hovering UAV can have empty fuel tanks, but can then support the weight of 300 feet of tether cable. Phase I scope of work includes design of a prototype vehicle and its transportation, deployment and stowage systems, definition of subsystems, projection of performance envelope, evaluation and selection of enabling technologies, evaluation of system feasibility, and definition of plans for fabrication and testing of a prototype. The team includes Teledyne Ryan, AAI Corp., Electronic Power Conversion, and Mechanical Power Conversion, as subcontractors. They are expected to play more significant roles in Phase II, and may play lead roles in Phase III. |
| PERCEPTRONICS, INC.
21010 Erwin Street, Woodland Hills, CA 91367 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 884-7470
Tom Lubaczewski DARPA 98-005 |
| Title: | Development of the Commander's Observation Vehicle for Elevated Reconnaissance (COVER) |
| Abstract: | Perceptronics and its team members Moller International and Flyer Group will design a complete elevated sensing system for forward-deployed combat units. The system, called COVER (Commander's Observation Vehicle for Elevated Reconnaissance), features an existing compact, electrically-tethered, ducted-fan lifting vehicle (Aerobot) mated to an existing highly-mobile, transportable vehicle (Flyer II ) that is representative of future scout and reconnaissance vehicles. The Phase I Design Study includes: 1) Review of mission applications, focusing on those currently identified for the RST-V and similar advanced vehicles; 2) Design of COVER system architecture and constituent COVER sub-systems, focusing on ease of deployment and use and on the identification of commercial off-the-shelf components that can meet immediate mission needs; 3) Analysis of key technical and tactical problem areas potentially impacting system effectiveness, such as detectability, stability, FOV, maneuverability, etc., including evaluation of their severity and direction for solution. The output for the Phase I Design Study will provide: 1) The technical and tactical basis for immediate Phase II production of the prototype COVER system; and 2) A guide to general application of the COVER concept for other DoD organizations and commercial users, including contractors participating in the RST-V and related advanced vehicle programs. |
| GORCA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
300 West Route 38, Moorestown, NJ 08057 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 273-8200
Hesham Attia DARPA 98-006 |
| Title: | A Lightweight Radar for Detecting Low Altitude Airborne Targets from an Aerostat |
| Abstract: | A lightweight, low-cost radar for detecting low-altitude airborne targets from a lighter-than-air airborne platform is proposed. The sensor offers an all-weather, all-visibility-conditions MTI and tracking capability for situation awareness and the possible activation and guidance of counter measures. A special proprietary microstrip phased array antenna concept coupled with a novel radar configuration, both of them made possible by GT's self-calibration and motion compensation techniques, results in the lightweight, low-cost practical construction. Depending on system parameters, the proposed sensor suite is expected to have a detection range of about 50 km, weigh between 50 and 150 lb, and consume less than 500 watts of prime power. Phase I will consist of requirements analysis, concept development, trade-off analysis, performance evaluation, and designing a prototype sensor suite with separable modules for radar, data up/down link, signal processor, displays and controls. Phase II will consist of developing and integrating a prototype sensor with GFE lifting body and ground mobility platform for a live demonstration program. |
| INFRAMETRICS, INC.
16 Esquire Road, North Billerica, MA 01862 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 670-5555
Richard McMorrow DARPA 98-006 |
| Title: | Lightweight Imaging Sensor System |
| Abstract: | This program will produce a design for a cost effective sensor suite suitable for mid to long range surveillance, integrated into a small, mobile, lifting body. In Phase I, tradeoffs of the two most expensive components, the camera sensor and the platform stabilizer, will be examined. InSb and the newer uncooled microbolometer detectors will be compared taking into account system performance (driven primarily by the detector and optics selection) and costs involved. Platform stabilization addressing gyro stabilized gimbals and lower cost pan and tilts will be examined and compared for an aerostat platform with a goal of deriving a lower cost pan and tilt with adequate performance. Findings will be reviewed with the customer to determine the optimal low cost airborne surveillance system. Preliminary costing estimates indicate system cost could be substantially reduced. After the sensor selection is made, a system prototype design will determine the instrumentation suite, which includes the sensors, position control, platform stabilization, communication, receiving console, monitors and control for a stationary aerostat platform. Phase I will also provide detailed information on the production power, weight, cost, and performance, worked in tandem with the design. In Phase II, Inframetrics will draw on this information to build and demonstrate a prototype sensor suite, designed in Phase I. IR system modules and technology from former development efforts will be leveraged for prototype construction and test. |
| SONOMA DESIGN GROUP, LLC
400 Breezewood Drive, Geyserville, CA 95441 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(707) 857-2010
John Speicher DARPA 98-006 |
| Title: | Lightweight, Low Cost Imaging Sensor System |
| Abstract: | Sonoma Design Group LLC (SDG) will design an ultra-lightweight low-cost long stand-off reconnaissance system for use on a small aerostat. The system includes the hand control, monitor, recorder, airborne data link, gimbal, IR imager and Daylight TV. Airborne weight is 25 lbs. The system will identify men from 15 km and trucks from 45 km. The gimbal will have 360 deg continuous azimuth rotation capability and will stabilize the sensors to 5 microrad RMS. The system will operate on <300 w and be easy to apply to any low speed airborne vehicle. SDG will work to a cost goal of $150k in low rate production. SDG has formed a team of capable companies to carry the effort from design to production. During Phase I and II, SDG will do the initial system and gimbal design and fabrication, other members of our team will supply proven standard imagers, gimbal sub-components, and data link technology. Upon completion of Phase II, our team will carry the reconnaissance system into production. |
| FEDERAL FABRICS - FIBERS, INC.
51 Middlesex St. N. Chelmsford, MA 01863 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 470-1859
Zvi Horovitz OSD 98-001 |
| Title: | Small Operating Unit (SOU) Tent |
| Abstract: | The need to supply an effective shelter for Small Operation Units (SOU) or the single soldier remains a priority. A seamless and light weight SOU shelter that provides all the necessary shelter requirements including CB protection is feasible. The design and fabrication method of this SOU shelter can be optimized by employing a seamless tubular woven structure as the primary component of this shelter. The basic building block of this shelter is a seamless woven 54" diameter tubular fabric, single soldier shelter can be fabricated using a 33" diameter tube. The seamless woven breathable tube, can be laminated with a chemical barrier if desired. The tube is then laid out and cut using a simple predetermined pattern to yield a seamless light weight two person shelter. By employing seamless tubes fabricated using different materials shelters can be manufactured to provided shelter in various situations. A basic all weather, three and four season, shelter can be fabricated by employing two seamless tubes. The first (inner) smaller and breathable tube will provided an inner shelter allowing moisture to escape thus providing a dry environment for the occupants. While a second water proof seamless tube will be utilized as an outer layer providing protection from the elements and additional warmth to the occupants. Because the shelter is seamless it is ideally suited for use as a chemically protective barrier. Only minor modifications to the basic structure are necessary for interfacing |
| MATERIAL INNOVATION, INC.
130 Woodridge Place Leonia, NJ 07605 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(201) 944-8160
Dr. Behrooz A. Khorramian OSD 98-002 |
| Title: | Crosslinked Fire-Resistant Poly (ethylene terephthalate) for Batting Insulation |
| Abstract: | There is a need for an inexpensive, lighter, effective nonhalogenated, and environmentally friendly fire-resistant (FR) textile material for batting insulation and shell fabrics to be used in ground soldiers combat uniforms. The current FR textile materials are very expensive, ranging in price from $13/pound (Nomex TM) TO $70/pound (polybenzimidazole). Less expensive FR textile material either contains toxic chemicals (e.g., halogenated chemicals) or the level of fire-resistivity is inadequate (e.g., Trevira CS TM) for soldier clothing. Consequently, the environmentally benign, and inherently FR poly(ethylene terephthalate), PET, by incorporating nonhalogenated FR additives into PET's chemical structure, followed by crosslinking. Two such additives have been investigated by Material Innovations, Inc. (MII) to develop a FR PET [1]. Although the initial studies were shown to be successful, more research is needed to determine the optimum quantity of each additive to provide the most efficient thermal insulation and compatibility with other technologies used in solder clothing. In Phase II, Thermal Protective Performance, cone calorimetry, thermal conductivity, and moisture vapor permeability testing will be used to evaluate the performance of FR PET followed by producing prototype soldiers combat uniforms with an optimum configuration. |
| SPECIALIZED ANALYSIS ENGINEERING
2909 12th Avenue South Nashville, TN 37204 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(615) 292-7022
Dr. Jeffrey S. N. Paine OSD 98-002 |
| Title: | A Highly Damped, High strength, Puncture-resistant Fabric for Multi-threat Protective Uniforms |
| Abstract: | Proposed is an investigation into the use of highly flexible and extremely strong, superelastic, Nitinol shape memory alloy fibers as a means of dramatically increasing the damping properties in and improving cutting and puncture resistance of organic fiber based protective clothing fabrics. The Nitinol fibers are to be used as reinforcement for organic fiber fabrics made from nylon, aramid, polyethylene, polypropylene and other such fibers at low volume fractions to enhance the cut and puncture resistance of the fabrics. Additionally, the Nitinol fibers would be integrated in such a fashion that when the fabric is subjected to heavy vibrational loads, the fibers will cycle through Nitinol's two phase transitions absorbing large amounts of the energy. These Nitinol enhanced fabrics will primarily benefit workers exposed to high-energy airborne vibrations. The increased cutting strength and puncture resistance of the fabric will benefit those in the in the glass-handling, wood-cutting, meat-packing, and metal working industries among others. Because Nitinol's superelastic, they would also benefit from the improved flexibility that the Nitinol would give the protective clothing over present fabrics used. Integrating this new composite fabric into protective gloves for workers using vibrating equipment is particularly viewed as having high potential for commercial development. |
| BIG LIGHT TECHNOLOGY, INC.
4431 Lehigh Road, #201 College Park, MD 20740 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 806-1107
Richard Wagreich OSD 98-003 |
| Title: | Fiber-Optic Instrumented Garments |
| Abstract: | Big Light Technology, Inc. proposes to develop a light weight, comfortable, flexible, form fitting instrumented garment. The instrumented garment will be capable of monitoring the skin temperature at multiple localized torso locations using fiber-optic sensors incorporated on a single optical fiber. The sensors are passive and will therefore require no external power. The method for monitoring the sensors is optical in nature and so they will pose no danger in the presence of combustible materials. The equipment for interrogating the sensors will be compact, light weight, low power, and cost effective, thus making possible a small battery powered unit that can be sewn into the garment or clipped onto the user's belt. This system will include all of the equipment required to monitor the embedded sensors in order to determine a potential low skin temperature hazard to the user. |
| FEDERAL FABRICS - FIBERS, INC.
51 Middlesex St. N. Chelmsford, MA 01863 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 470-1859
Zvi Horovitz OSD 98-003 |
| Title: | Flexible Circuit "Board" Clothing |
| Abstract: | It is desirable to provide a comfortable well fitting wearable textile garment which contains a network of Electro Optic devices for sensing, actuation, energy distribution and energy scavenging. Other potential uses include a medical sensate liner, friend-or-foe identification, virtual reality, heated gloves, and electrical energy scavenging. Two basic approaches will be investigated, Knitted Underwear, and Woven Outerwear. Federal Fabrics-Fibers (FFF) is uniquely situated with expertise in both 3D knitting and 3D weaving of ElOp conductors. Knitted Options; FFF proposes to demonstrate a snug-fitting, cost effective, elastic (Lycra) seamless net shape 3D ElOp garment. The technology is based on the CAD/CAM Knitted Wire Board (KWB) mastered by FFF during our development of both electrical heated, and pressure restraining gloves. Woven Option; FFF proposes to demonstrate a cost effective CAD/CAM near net shape 3D ElOp wearable textile. The technology is based on the helical and spiral weaving developed at FFF during the development of Air-Beams. This weaving process results in low/no crimp, seamless tubular and tapered-tubular geometry's. Sensing devices can be grouped into two categories. Sensors can detect local data such as heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and depth, and body temperature from the host, or remote data, external to the host including environmental conditions such as air quality, chemical contaminants, temperature, humidity, light conditions, two way communications, etc. FFF proposes to produce a knitted vest, jacket, or coverall with several circuits knitted into the garments structure. This garment will be such that it permits a vast array of sensors to be interfaced with the suit, to |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Avenue Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4171
Dr. Patricia Wilson OSD 98-003 |
| Title: | Electro-Optic Fabrics for the Warrior of the 21st Century |
| Abstract: | The goal of this Phase I program is to design a fully integrated, modular soldier system based on the use of "smart fabrics". Smart fabrics are those that incorporate electrical or electro-optic data systems through the use of conductive or optical fibers and modular connector systems. Modularity will allow tailoring of the hardware configuration of specific unit missions and locations in the battlefield. Foster-Miller has assembled a team which has strong experience relevant to the program. The team members include a specialty webbing company, the originator of the wearable computing concept, and internal expertise relating to electro-optic systems, textiles, and flexible electronics. By combining several devices into the wearable soldier garment, weight savings from the elimination of redundant systems will occur. Additionally networking functions will provide the soldier with a more information which will result in enhanced survivability, situational awareness, and lethality at the individual level. |
| MOLECULAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
270 Littleton Rd., #29 Westford, MA 01886 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 392-1304
Srini Balasubramanian OSD 98-003 |
| Title: | Biomanufacturing of Electrically Conductive PET Fabric Incorporating a Metal Ion Sensor |
| Abstract: | Rapid identification of potential threats including chemical and biological agents and advanced warning have become increasingly important in the battlefield. Each individual military personnel needs to carry a variety of sensors and communication tools. The most practical and convenient way is to incorporate the necessary elements into a wearable fabric. The objective of this Phase I proposal is to develop a biomanufacturing process to coast a conduction polymer on a textile fabric. The coating will be carried out in an environmentally benign production process. Conducting polyaniline will be synthesized in an aqueous medium using enzymatic polymerization of aniline in the presence of a partially hydrolyzed polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as a polydopant under close to neutral Ph conditions. The conductivity of the coated fibers will be determined. A metal ion sensor based on an enzymatically synthesized polyphenol, poly(8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid) (PHQS) will be developed and multilayer films of PHQS along with a polycation will be formed on partially hydrolyzed PET films as a proof of concept. Metal ion (ferric ion) |
| AMERICAN RESEARCH CORP. OF VA
1509 Fourth Street, P.O. Box 3406 Radford, VA 24143 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 731-0655
Mr. Howard P. Groger OSD 98-004 |
| Title: | Protection Against Warfare Agents by Using Perm-selective Elastomeric Mesoporous Membranes |
| Abstract: | Recent experiences in the Gulf War have shown the need for chemical and biological protective gear having reduced associated physiological burden for combat personnel and decreased logistical requirements. The availability of lightweight, permeation-selective barrier membranes would constitute an advantage to military personnel by reducing the buildup of moisture within the suit. The development of elastomeric barrier materials would reduce the need for extensive stocks of protective ensembles to fit military personnel. To meet this need, American Research Corporation of Virginia suggests the modification of recently developed mesoporous materials providing up to 900m 2/g surface area-to-weight ratios to provide effective barriers to chemical and biological agents and incorporation of these materials within an elastomeric matrix. The proposal is innovative in combining a novel method of functionalizing mesoporous materials with a sorbent polymer modified elastomeric matrix. Phase I objectives include evaluation of polymeric materials suitable for use in modifying elastomeric polymers and mesoporous materials, fabrication of perm-selective composite membranes for G and H agent analogs and microbial materials, and test of coated membranes under laboratory conditions. The program is significant in developing barrier fabric materials to reduce the burden of warfighters in readiness for chemical or |
| ICET, INC.
916 Pleasant St., Unit 12 Norwood, MA 02062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 769-6064
Dr. Shantha Sarangapani OSD 98-004 |
| Title: | A Novel Composite Elastomeric Material for CBW Agents |
| Abstract: | We are proposing a triple defense system in a single compounded thin elastomeric material, to provide both physical permeation barrier as well as chemical and biological deactivation barrier without sacrificing the elastomeric properties of the proposed elastomers. The initial physical barrier is an alloyed ethylene-vinylalcohol ultrathin layer protected by the elastomer (better PVA coploymers will be synthesized in phase II). Selected metal oxides and silver/silver oxide of high area, submicron sized particles will be dispersed on fillers such as ultrafine talc or carbon blacks. (Talc is preferred). The silver is expected to be extremely active to ward the labile halogens of the agents and metal oxides have a deactivating effect. The talc and some of its surface bound to dendrimeric or branched polyethylene glycols allow moisture permitting molecular channels due to their layered structure while blocking permeation of agents that escape through the physical/chemical barrier. Two types of high elongation elastomers have been identified for demonstrating the feasibility of the approach as they allow incorporation fillers and polymers and are quite compatible with the proposed additives (based on our experience). A statistical experimental design is presented to examine the influence of the variables and correlate the efficacy toward chemical protection and organophobicity of the |
| ALTEX TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
650 Nuttman Rd., Suite 114 Santa Clara, CA 95054 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 982-2302
Dr. John Kelly OSD 98-005 |
| Title: | Low Cost Pocket Stove Operating on Military Logistics Fuels |
| Abstract: | A simple and Low-Cost Pocket Stove (LCPS) concept has been identified by Altex that can be fired on diesel or JP8 fuel. The stove provides 2,000 Btu/hr heating capacity, weighs less than 2 ounces and is projected to cost $3.00. The stove can be used by soldiers to heat water. Also, the concept can be applied to other small heat driven military devices. Under the Phase I feasibility effort, a proof-of principle stove will be fabricated and tested to demonstrate performance, safety, operation and reliability. The stove will be instrumented with thermocouples and gas emission monitors. Heating performance, emissions, safety and durability will be assessed from test results. At the completion of tests, a burner cost estimate will be prepared with the help of manufacturers. This information, plus fuel costs, will be used to determine the cost of heat produced by the stove. Both performance and cost data will then be compared with fuel bar information, to determine the Benefits of the LCPS versus prior heating methods. |
| CHARGED INJECTION CORP.
11 Deer Park Drive, Suite 203 Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 274-1470
Dr. Arnold J. Kelly OSD 98-005 |
| Title: | Pocket-Stove |
| Abstract: | A playing-card deck sized, logistics-fuel Pocket Stove design employing a compact, low power electrostaticatomizer is proposed. Micron sized logistic fuel sprays are generated at one bar operating pressure ( 15 psi ) by a Spray Triode electrostatic atomized. A Single "AA" cell, coupled to a compact DC-DC converter provides the low milli-watt level electrical power necessary for over 1000 hours of operation. Battery replacement is not required. Controlled by a single know, the self-dispersive charged spray preferentially flows toward an integral catalytic screen. Requiring a match for ignition and a "standard fuel bottle" pressurized to one bar, the unit is rugged, completely self-contained, and capable of operation in any position. Optionally, the design can accommodate an integral, spring-actuated reservoir capable of providing approximately an hour of isolated, "stand-alone", operation. Operational reliability is enhanced by an anti-clogging design feature. Technically mature technology, and the packaging-ergonomics-usability expertise of Arthur D. Little, Inc., assures that the six-month, Phase I effort will culminate in a prototype Packet Stove design capable of satisfying all of the stated requirements. Prototype Beta-testing and commercial exploitation will be undertaken during the Phase II |
| MESOSYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
George Washington Way Richland, WA 99352 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(509) 375-3365
Charles Call OSD 98-005 |
| Title: | Field Portable Pocket-Stove |
| Abstract: | Commercial camp stoves currently available are too large and heavy for infantry and do not burn readily available logistics fuel. The focus of this proposal is to apply the techniques used for semiconductor manufacturing to produce a lightweight, small, robust micromachined pocket stove. The new micromachining techniques allow materials other than silicon to have sub-millimeter structures imprinted onto them. For example, metals such as copper, steel, and aluminum can have microchannels cut into their surfaces to produce a microchannel heat exchanger. These microchannel heat exchangers have exhibited heat transfer in excess of 100 watts per square centimeter. The coupling of these microchannels heat exchangers with minicombustors creates a new approach to pocket stoves. |
| COVALENT ASSOC., INC.
10 State Street Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 938-1140
K. M. Abraham OSD 98-007 |
| Title: | Rechargeable Polymer Electrolyte Batteries |
| Abstract: | Polymer electrolytes with significantly higher conductivity and stability than that of the present generation materials are needed to develop batteries for the individual soldier. To this end, Covalent Associates will develop single ion-conducting polymer electrolytes from enzyme catalyzed reactions of aromatic monomers with the carboxylic, phenolic or sulfonic functional groups. The unique structural features of these materials will provide them with high ambient temperature conductivity and their single ion Li+ conductivity will translate into high power for Li batteries. The polymer electrolytes synthesized will be characterized with respect to conductivity, electrochemical stability and membrane-forming properties. The usefulness of the electrolytes for rechargeable Li batteries will be determined by the construction and testing of Li/Polymer Electrolyte/LiNi0.7Co 0.3 O2 cells |
| FRACTAL SYSTEMS, INC.
14200 Carlson Circle Tampa, FL 33626 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(813) 469-8327
Dr. Mahmoud Aldissi OSD 98-007 |
| Title: | Polymer Electrolyte through Enzyme Catalysis for High Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I project has for a goal the development of a solid-state polymer electrolyte for use in lithium-ion batteries via enzyme-catalyzed polymerization of monomers substituted with long ether segments. The high content of ether segments such as poly (ethylene oxide) or poly(ethylene glycol) is expected to yield high ionic conductivities when combined with the proper lithium salt. The solid-state rechargeable batteries using such an electrolyte offer potentially greater energy densities and a better cycle life than most conventional systems such as Ni-Cad or NiMH batteries, and eliminates the dangers associated with the use of liquid electrolytes. The Phase II effort will consist of the fabrication and characterization of the polymer. This should yield high quality films with a good dimensional and thermal stability and mechanical integrity necessary as a separator characteristic. The polymer's stability should provide the advantage of operating in a wide temperature range while maintaining its high conductivity. The Phase II program will focus on the optimization of the successful electrolyte, testing in lithium-ion batteries, and devising a scheme for large scale production of high performance, safe, environmentally benign energy sources for powering a variety of military |
| MAXPOWER, INC.
220 Stahl Road Wayne, PA 19438 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 513-4230
David L. Chua, Ph.D. OSD 98-007 |
| Title: | Enzymatically Catalyzed Polymerization (ECP) - Derived Polymer Electrolyte for Rechargeable Li-Ion Batteries |
| Abstract: | This Phase I effort involves synthesis of polymers via enzymatically catalyzed polymerization (ECP). ECP-derived polymers frequently have broad molecular weight distribution with branching, which can be beneficial for ionic conduction. Ionic conductivity approaching 10 -3 S/cm can be demonstrated for "hyperbranched poly(ethylene oxide ". The objective of this Phase I work is to identify promising electrolytes for Li batteries based upon ECP-derived polymers. A series of poly(p-phenylphenol)s will be prepared by ECP, and these materials will be characterized by IR, NMR spectroscopy, DSC, and gel permeating chromatography. This effort will evaluate the ECP-derived polymer in two configurations: solid sate and plasticized polymer electrolytes. These studied materials will also be processed both as stand alone separator and as component of the positiveand negative electrodes. 100 mAh cells will be built to assess the rate-capability and rechargeability utilizing meso-carbon, micro-bead as the Li-ion materials, and LiCo02 as the cathode material. |
| TECHDRIVE, INC.
2115 Butterfield Road, Suite LL66 Oak Brook, IL 60523 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(630) 415-0250
Dr. Robert Filler OSD 98-007 |
| Title: | Solid Polymer Electrolytes Derived from Polyphenols |
| Abstract: | The objectives are the preparation and evaluation of new solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), derived from polyphenols, which may be used in the development of improved light-weight solid-state lithium batteries that supply a high number of watt-hours in a small volume. Two types of phenol monomers containing polyether or perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid segments para to the phenolic function will be synthesized. The former will be obtained by partial O-alkylation of hydroquinone, while the latter will be prepared by ring-opening of perfluoropropane sultone by 4-lithionanisole. Enzymatic polymerization of these monomers will be carrier out and both resulting polymers (I and II) will be lithiated prior to building a lithium laboratory cell. Another polymer (III) which contains both polyether and perfluorosulfonic acid moieties, will be prepared by O-alkylation of Polymer-II. The polyether segments will provide increased solubility and permit generation of an ion-conducting region for formation of a Li ion complex. The perfluoroalkylsulfonic acid segments in Polymer-Ii will reduce the basicity of phenoxide ion, while contributing to stabilization of lithium complex. The SPEs derived from these polymers should exhibit high ionic conductivity and improved mechanical properties. |
| ELECTRONIC PROFESSIONAL SERVICES
26351 CURTISS-WRIGHT PARKWAY CLEVELAND, OH 44143 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(216) 289-4115
KENNETH A MALECEK OSD 98-008 |
| Title: | HIGH DATA RATE SOLID STATE DATA RECORDER |
| Abstract: | Current mechanical data storage devices will not be capable of handling the advanced sensor information required for testing sophisticated military equipment in the near future. Solid state recording is attractive to the military as it can provide the record rate and storage capacity required to capture high resolution imagery while offering increased reliability over traditional mechanical storage systems. EPS proposes to define the requirements of a digital recorder capable of meeting the military's advanced data acquisition needs. This will be researched and documented through extensive meetings with potential DARO users. These requirements will be contrasted against the different forms of solid state memory in order to determine the best possible design approach. EPS will then provide a design package detailing specifications of a recorder capable of meeting these needs.EPS is uniquely positioned to provide this research as we are the solid state data recorder experts. EPS has been aggressively expanding the capabilities of solid state data acquisition for over ten years. As a result of our Phase I research, the military will have a clear definition of their needs as well as a design package for a High Data Rate Solid State Recorder capable of meeting these requirements. |
| SEAKR ENGINEERING, INC.
12847 EAST PEAKVIEW AVENUE ENGLEWOOD, CO 80111 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 709-8499
IAN WEBB OSD 98-008 |
| Title: | SOLID STATE RECORDER FOR AIRBORNE RECONNAISSANCE |
| Abstract: | The airborne reconnaissance community currently utilizes tape based storage technology. While this technology is proven, it still suffers from low mean time between failure (MTBF) and substandard data throughput rates. Additionally, with the introduction of state-of-the-art sensor platforms, it has become increasingly clear, that a more reliable, higher data rate (Greater than 240Mbits/second), non-volatile, data acquisition system is needed to support mission critical data collection and dissemination.Solid State Recorders (SSR) were originally developed for spacecraft applications as replacements for low reliability tape recorder systems. Recent advancements in solid capabilities to the point where they can be considered for use in aircraft and terrestrial high performance optical sensor data storage applications.SEAKR will develop a design specification and a design description in Phase I, and will then in Phase II, implement the design, performing the necessary engineering development and build and demonstrate a high data rate, solid state data acquisition and storage system based on the product specification developed in Phase I. At the end of Phase II, the government will have a fully developed unit ready for Phase III production. |
| SHAWN SYSTEMS, INC.
350 PLEASANT STREET ASHLAND, MA 01721 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 881-7373
MR AJAI THIRUMALAI OSD 98-008 |
| Title: | HIGH DATA RATE SOLID STATE STORAGE OF DATA |
| Abstract: | We propose to design a state-of-the-art high speed solid-state data recorder with 200 Gbyte capacity (exceeding the required 500 to 1500 Gbit or 63 ~ 188 GBytes capacity). Data can be stored at 10 Gbps (1250 Mbytes/s), with a corrected bit error rate less than 1 bit in 1014. The 100 W, and occupy less than 1.5 cu. ft.The proposed design will make extensive use of COTS parts. The storage controller will initially be simulated to verify correctness. We then will use FPGAs for in-circuit emulation, and finally tape out to silicon for the ASIC.We make extensive use of digital signal processing to condition the incoming digital, and converted analog data streams; compact the data using lossless (or lossy, depending upon the criticality of the data and end application) data compression algorithms; and store it with error correction and error detection codes. We can also incorporate fault tolerance, and offer different architectures to suit varying levels of dependability and reliability that cannot be matched by tape systems. Our team brings tremendous expertise in high speed data acquisition, digital signal processing and hardware design, and has built 3 generations of machines at Digital Equipment Corp. |
| SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING CORP.
PO BOX 162487 AUSTIN, TX 78716 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 306-1100
JOE PRIEST OSD 98-008 |
| Title: | HIGH SPEED HIGH DENSITY SOLID STATE RECORDER |
| Abstract: | Systems & Processing Engineering Corporation proposes to develop a High Speed High Density Solid State Recorder to meet the data rate and storage requirements of the next generation reconnaissance sensors. The recorder will have a high data throughput, low bit error rate, high density storage and be capable of operation in an airborne environment. The design will exploit the use of memory technologies such as micro ball grid array, flip chip technology, state-of the-art Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory, Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. Other technologies including Application Specific Integrated Circuit and Multi-Chip Module technologies will be used to meet stringent volume and performance requirements and increase reliability.The baseline configuration will be capable of storing 1500 Gb of data with a sustained data rate of greater than 10 Gbps and a maximum BER of 1E-14 in a volume of less than 1.5 cubic feet. The modular design approach allows for customization of data inputs, outputs and memory configurations as well as enhanced reliability and maintainability. Power management techniques will be incorporated to limit power consumption to less than 100W. |
| VEXCEL CORP.
4909 NAUTILUS BOULDER, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 583-0236
MATT COMPTON OSD 98-008 |
| Title: | HIGH DATA RATE SOLID STATE STORAGE OF DATA |
| Abstract: | We outline a possible design for a high-bandwidth, solid state data storage system. We provide an initial evaluation of the suitability of various memory technologies that are currently available for the system. |
| ADROIT SYSTEMS, INC.
209 MADISON STREET ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 684-2900
JOHN T LENIHAN OSD 98-009 |
| Title: | CDL OPNET ANALYSIS SYSTEM |
| Abstract: | The CDL Standard and associated channelization structure was established over 20 years ago and are not optimized for current networking technologies. As networking technologies are integrated into CDL and new sensors are deployed, the demand for CDL bandwidth is increasing. Specifically, the insertion of ATM into the CDL architecture has raised some issues concerning data integrity due to the higher bit error rates in the RF environment. In addition, constraints on the command link (CL) bandwidth is a major concern; the addition of upper layer protocols to retransmit corrupted cells and other traffic on the command link is increasing the demand for CL bandwidth.ASI proposes to develop the CEL OPNET Analysis System (COAS) which will provide a robust simulation tool for CDL link performance. COAS will be a discrete-event simulation tool for CDL link performance. COAS will be a discrete-event simulation tool that provides the capability to perform both low and high fidelity modeling. ASI will leverage previous CDL/ATM modeling experience to develop an improved CDL link model by 1) building an asymmetric ATM Link for CDL, 2) improving simulation runtime, 3) and integrating error allocation and error correction models with the CDL asymmetric link model to create a flexible, end-to-end CDL/ATM simulation tool. |
| SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CORP.
2300 WINDY RIDGE PARKWAY ATLANTA, GA 30339 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 859-9161
JIM DURKIN OSD 98-009 |
| Title: | INVESTIGATIVE USING NETWORK PROTOCOLS ON ASYMMETRIC RF DATALINKS |
| Abstract: | SRC plans to support the acceleration of ATM and wireless network convergence by developing an Asymmetric Wireless ATM Module (Asymmetric WATM Module). SRC will leverage its experience and resource from designing and developing the Survivable ATM system, a fixed point-to-point wireless system currently being funded by Rome Laboratory. The Survivable ATM System will be utilized as a building block to rapidly develop the Asymmetric WATM Module Phase II.As the first step, SRC will develop computer simulation and modeling software using OPNET to characterize the performance and efforts by using ATM with as asymmetric data link to transmit and receive voice, data, MPEG compressed video, and imagery. Using the simulation results, the Asymmetric WATM Module will be designed initially for the Common Data Link (CDL) to enable the delivery of asymmetric multimedia services using ATM cells. |
| ATLANTIC AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS CORP.
6404 IVY LANE SUTIE 300 GREENBELT, MD 20770 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 982-5243
JAMES LILLY OSD 98-010 |
| Title: | FEROELECTRIC SCANNED ARRAY (FESA) |
| Abstract: | A novel beamforming network is proposed to electronically scan two independent beams in a conformal phase array. The beamformer utilizes ferroelectric materials in the RF distribution network to control the amplitudes and phases of the array element excitations. One beamformer board is required for each beam and four low power DC voltages per beamformer are needed to achieve total hemispherical scan coverage. This approach is potentially much lower cost and lighter weight than more conventional approaches utilizing discrete phase shifter components or A/D converters. It also offers true time delay beamforming at much less complexity than lens feed or photonics-based approaches. |
| RADIANT RESEARCH, INC.
9430 RESEARCH BLVD SUTIE IV305 AUSTIN, TX 78759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 338-4670
SUNING TANG PHD OSD 98-010 |
| Title: | AN AIRBORNE DETECTOR-SWITCHED TWIN-BEAM OPTICAL TRUE-TIME-DELAY MODULE WITH PAYLOAD-MINIMIZED PHOTONIC WAVEGUIDE CIRCUITS |
| Abstract: | The proliferation of wireless and satellite-to-satellite communications makes the phased-array antenna approach the most attractive due to its agility and accuracy in angular scanning and its security in operation.In this program, Radiant Research, Inc. (RRI) proposes a drastically new compact detector switch waveguide true-time-delay line (TTD) module that offers improved performance at reduced cost and payload. TTD up to 50 nsec with 0.1 ps resolution can be implemented within the RF spectrum of 1 GHz to 40 GHz which can be easily covered using semiconductor-laser-based optical heterodyne technique developed by RRI. The 2 MB/s to 600 MB/s data rates will be provided by the direct modulation of a laser diode. Unlike any conventional approach where one TTD line can provide only one delay signal at a time, the proposed true-time-delay module is capable of generating all required optical true-time delay signals simultaneously to all antenna elements. Th application of the wavelength-division-multiplexing technique makes the formation of a twin-beam phased array an easy task without increasing the payload of an airborne or spaceborne platform.By the end of Phase I, we will demonstrate all the after mentioned unique features to build a solid cornerstone for the success of the Phase II program. |
| WAVEBAND CORP.
375 VAN NESS AVENUE SUITE 1105 TORRANCE, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 212-7808
DR VLADIMIR MANASSON OSD 98-010 |
| Title: | TWIN-BEAM CONFORMABLE BEAM-STEERING OPTICALLY CONTROLLED ARRAY |
| Abstract: | WaveBand Corporation has developed a new approach to steering an antenna by means of a plasma grating positioned in a planar semiconductor waveguide. The new approach exhibits the beamforming flexibility usually attributed to phased array antennas but is much more cost effective and thus has high potential for both military and commercial applications. In the Phase I project, WaveBand will perform a proof of concept experiment demonstrating a 1-D steering twin-beam antenna; computer simulations of beam-patterns for a 2-D conformable antenna will also be carried out. |
| PRINCETON MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGY, INC.
3 NAMI LANE UNIT C-10 MERCERVILLE, NJ 09619 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 586-8140
SRJIT S BHARJ OSD 98-011 |
| Title: | SMALL SIZE, MULTI-FREQUENCY, MULTIBEAM PHASED ARRAY ANTENNA SYSTEM |
| Abstract: | Satellite communications, Airborne radar, EW, and Communications systems differ significantly in their antenna requirements. Not only do the various systems differ in their primary functions, but the many variations within one system will affect antenna requirements. For example, an airborne radar system may be configured functionally as a tracking, search and track, altimeter, navigation, ground mapping etc. Each of these radar systems has aperture reuirements unique to its function as modified by location on the airborne platform. Additionally, radars and communications require both transmission and reception of energy where as ESM and ECM systems require only reception of energy. With the availability of a mature monolithic microwave based Transmit/Receive modules it is now possible to look at alternative concepts. The availability of the T/R modules alone is not sufficient if a low cost shared aperture antenna is to be realized. Innovative front end partitioning and use of other technologies, such as multilayer printed circuit microwave technology or low temperature co-fired ceramics needs to be incorporated. For an antenna to acquire two simultaneous satellite links in the X-band, C-band and KU-band requires an innovative concept that will compete with the single parabolic concept. It is distant satellite, is determined by the aperture of the antenna. Any elements introduced behind the antenna aperture, such as filters or amplifiers with a known loss or noise figure, will degrade the subsequent signal to noise ratio. Active phase array radars require solid state T/R modules with high output power, low noise figure, high third order intercept and innovative concept with an architecture that requires a minimum number of the active components. The Multibeam Array approach proposed under this Phase I SBIR can be utilized for either the narrow or wideband arrays. The capability for wideband power splitter or feed network and a wideband antenna elelment. The specific technical objective of the Phase I SBIR proposd herein examines the critical issues that will make a Multibeam aperature phase array antenna a practical technology. The requirement to opearate several systems simultaneouslyf rom a common aperature can be achieved by using a control circuit at each element. The control circuit consists of an arrangement of a multiplexer, an attenuator and a phase shifter. The multiplexeer is used to partition the aperature into several simultaneously operating anten |
| ASTRON CORP.
22560 GELNN DRIVE SUITE 114 STERLING, VA 20164 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 450-5517
JOSEPH R JAHODA OSD 98-012 |
| Title: | ADVANCED COMPACT ANTENNA TECHNOLOGY |
| Abstract: | The program objective is to demonstrate enhanced antenna element gain enhancement for small light weight synthesized virtual antennas. Astron/VPI have proposed a series of innovative helicalantennas to support the improved performance of a multi-element synthesized virtual antenna. |
| REST SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
2331 W LINCOLN AVE ANAHEIM, CA 92801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 772-8274
RS TAHIM OSD 98-012 |
| Title: | SMALL SIZE, MULTI-FREQUENCY, MULTI-BEAM PHASED ARRAY ANTENNA SYSTEM |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes a new approach to multi-frequency, multi-beam phased array antenna system. The geometry of linear tapered slot antennas (LTSA) is utilized to incorporate the solidstate devices (HEMTs/HBTs, Schottky diodes) to design a transmit/receive (multi-function) antenna element. A number of such active antennas (T/R modules) are integrated to develop phased arrays at C, X and Ku-band frequencies. The input power to the phased array antennas is coupled by using a multiplexer system and a feed horn. The amplified signals combine the powers quasi-optically form the radiating antenna elements to form a high power transmit beam in space which is electronically steered by hanging the bias bolage of each active antenna element in the phased array. Since this approach eliminates the conventionall phase shifter circuits and the RF distribution network to feed each T/R module, it offers the potential of simple, small size, low cost and more efficient multi-beam phased array system. |
| TOYON RESEARCH CORP.
75 AERO CAMINO SUITE A GOLETA, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 968-6787
THOMAS L LARRY OSD 98-012 |
| Title: | ADVANCED COMPACT ANTENNA TECHNOLOGY |
| Abstract: | Small lightweight airborne platforms present severe constraints to the development of communication antenna suites. This is particularly so when there is a need for multiple SATCOM links including high data rate transmissions in the presence of interference environments. Limitations due to size, weight, platform motion, and cost constraints make it difficult to achieve desired performance levels. The proposed approach would examine antenna designs that incorporate control devices to provide states. This would provide a great deal of multifunctional and adaptive performance capabilities in a limited aperture. |
| ATLANTIC AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS
470 TOTTEN POND ROAD WALTHAM, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 890-4200
MR MON YOUNG OSD 98-013 |
| Title: | DETECTION OF MILITARY SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN EO/IR SENSOR DATA |
| Abstract: | The ultimate goal of this multi-phase effort is to develop a semiautomated IMINT processing system for EO and/or IR sensor data that is based on object-level change detection (OLCD) concepts. The objective of the Phase I program is to demonstrate the feasibility of object level change detection in the context of substantial reduction in false alarms. Our approach to object level change detection is a multi-stage and modular processing architecture. The general architecture is similar to the SAIP OLCD architecture (developed by AAEC) with the exception that we are adding (1) stronger emphasis on feature-based change detection, (2) a second layer of verification for missing and new objects, and (3) a model-based processing paradigm. To provide state-of-the-art EO/IR OLCD capability, AAEC has teamed with Hughes Aircraft Corporation (HAC) to include efficient/real-time model-based target recognition capabilites for the proposed effort.In the Phase I program our specific objective is to develop and evaluate three key processing modules: geolocation accuracy, consistancy of target cueing, and an initial spatial-based features for change evaluation. The results of the Phase I effort will provide the basis and solid foundation for the design, implementation and demonstration of the full process in chain. |
| DATAMAT SYSTEMS RESEARCH, INC.
8260 GREENSBORO DRIVE STE 255 MCLEAN, VA 22102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 917-0880
JERZY BALA OSD 98-013 |
| Title: | STRUCTURED SAR IMAGERY FOR OBJECT CHANGE DETECTION AND EXPLANATION |
| Abstract: | The objective of this project is to develop methodology and prototype algorithms for object-level change detection and change explanation using structural SAR image data. Structural SAR image is obtained by the filtration, detion and transformation of local pixel-level formations of strong and weak electromagnetic (EM) responses into higher-level geometric and morphological micro-elements. These micro-elements form an image of a new type. Change detection is applied to an image of micro-elements. The explanation of a change is deducted from the geometric and morphological comparison. Three algorithms will be developed for (1) the transformation of a pixel-level SAR image in to a geometric SAR image, (2) comparison of object states and clutter characteristics using structural and morphological micro-elemnts, and (3) an explanation of the change in terms of structural similarity/differentiation. The developed methodology will be validated through three groups of experiments. We have already shown that the proposed SAR image transformation is not sensitive to illumination level nor is it sensitive, to a certain degree, to small changes in object pose. |
| LIGHTWORKS LLC
8513 N 95TH STREET LONGMONT, CO 80501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 554-0743
CHRISTIAN GRUND OSD 98-013 |
| Title: | DIGITAL CORRELATOR FOR AVIONICS APPLICATIONS |
| Abstract: | Detecting changes in two-dimensional scenery requires three essential components: detection/recognition of object, computation of relative motion, and fast, compact processors to carry out the required numerical calculations. Traditionally, most emphasis is placed on the first two software components. A problem is that processing large 2-D arrays is a complex task reireing board level hardware. An attractive alternative approach to simply considering improved software, is to reconsider the hardware in conjunction with software algorithms. We have recently conceived of a novel spectral processor based upon reduced bit depth logic. Originally developed as a means for very rapid calculations of frequency (Doppler) spectra for laser radar applications, it appears that the same type of hardware processor can be applied to image correlation, and hence detection of motion within images. We propose to carry out further analysis of this processor in Phase I, with particular emphasis on extending correlation calculations to two dimensions. we also plan to build a scaled-down 1-D processor in Phase I, in order to demonstrate the viability of carrying out full-scale development in Phase II. |
| OASIS RESEARCH CENTER, INC.
3131 N COUNTRY CLUB ROAD TUCSON, AZ 85716 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 661-6880
DR DAVID IZRAELEVITZ OSD 98-013 |
| Title: | CUE-LEVEL CHANGE DETECTION |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes an innovative coarse-to-fine approach to the detection of militarily relevant changes in electrooptical remotely sensed imagery. Our approach is based on the use of a generalized cross-image modeling technique to act as a focus-of-attention mechanism, and graph monomorphism finding algorithms for object-level reasoning. The focus-of-attention algorithms are robust with respect to misregistration effects and differential illumination and determine the likely areas of possible change. Knowledge of the approximate location and size of change regions reduces tremendously the computational requirements of object-level analysis and provides good initial estimates for processing parameters. Detailed analysis and matching of segmented regions is used to determine locations of actual physical change. Prioritization strategies are developed to permit an image analyst to rank the exploitation mission relevance of each change cue. |
| ATLANTIC AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS
470 TOTTEN POND ROAD WALTHAM, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 982-5203
DR SHUBHA KADAMBE OSD 98-014 |
| Title: | ADAPTIVE WAVELETS FOR LOSS-LESS HYPERSPECTRAL COMPRESSION |
| Abstract: | The penetration of hyperspectral sensing from either airborne or spaceborne platforms into both commercial and defense applications, has risen the need for efficient data transmission and storage. This efficiency can be provided by data compression technology that exhibits sufficient compression ratio at no or minimal loss of information and can perform the task in real or near real time. This Phase I SBIR is aimed at developing and assessing the feasibility of a practical hyperspectral imagery compression process that combines two key components; adaptive wavelet decomposition technology and spectral binning. The proposed compression technology will be capable of both lossless performance as well as controlled information loss to achieve higher compression ratios. The developed algorithms will make maximum utility of unique attributes of hyperspectral imagery in order to achieve high compression ratings. Since real or near real time performance is desired, the focus of the development will be on computationally efficient algorithms that can be implemented in real time on COTS or special purpose hardware (such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays). In addition to real-time, size, weight and power is of high interest for airborne and spaceborne platforms. |
| LNK CORP., INC.
6811 KENILWORTH AVENUE STE 306 RIVERDALE, MD 20737 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 927-3223
MR SRIDHAR SRINIVASAN OSD 98-014 |
| Title: | A HYBRID REVERSIBLE INTEGAR INTER-BAND DECORRELATION TECHNIQUE FOR LOSSLESS/LOSSY HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGE COMPRESSION |
| Abstract: | The placement of hyperspectral sensors on future Unmanned Air Vehicles is constrained by a data bottleneck caused by the limited downlink bandwidth. This proposal addresses this problem by developing a lossless compression algorithm that is optimized for hyperspectral imagery. Hyperspectral imagers generate 3-D data whose two axes correspond to spatial directions and the third to spectral response. The proposed solution exploits the latest results in lossless image compression by performing a reversible multiresolution decomposition of the data along the spatial axes. For extracting the redundancies in the spectral axis, one of three choices is proposed. The first is based on the principal component analysis, modified to ensure reversibility of the transformation. The second is based on cross-spectral prediction and the last on an integer multiresolution decomposition in the spectral direction. An experimental setup is proposed to pick the best candidate solution over a range of sample data. The transformed data is efficiently encoded by means of a contextual arithmetic encoder.Lossy compression is possible in a simple extension of the lossless technique. In addition the algorithm permits progressive transmission. The computational requirement of the algorithm is reasonable, and encoding the decoding complexities are nearly symmetric. |
| OPTO-KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS, INC.
4020 SPENCER STREET #108 TORRANCE, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 371-4445
NAHUM GAT PHD, PM OSD 98-014 |
| Title: | PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS TRANSFORMATION FOR HYPERSPECTRAL DATA COMPRESSION |
| Abstract: | The principal components transformation will be applied to obtain real-time lossless compression of hyperspectral images, with compression factors of the order of 20-50. A large compression factor will permit UAVs and space borne sensors to gather and store far more data than before. This will not only reduce the operational costs of acquiring hyperspectral imagery drastically but also increasing the strategic significance of hyperspectral imaging technology. The computational requierements of the algorithm are of the order of several billion operations per second for data rates of 100MBits/s. Since no single current available processor is capable of handling the problem in real-time, dedicated hardware will be built using commercial off the shelf technology for real-time implementation. The architecture will exploit algorithm's inherent parallelism and combine an array of digital signal processors (DSPs) and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to perform the task. The multiprocessor platform will be reconfigurable and can therefore be used to implement the entire class of parallel algorithms that fall within the single instruction multiple data (SIMD) paradigm. |
| SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING CORP.
PO BOX 162487 AUSTIN, TX 78716 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 306-1100
WILLIAM H HALLIDY JR PHD OSD 98-014 |
| Title: | HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGE COMPRESSION MODULE (HICM) |
| Abstract: | Hyperspectral imaging sensors offer utility for a wide range of commercial and defense applications. These instruments image a scene over a large number of spectral bands to form a complete reflectance spectrum. Such a system generates prodigious amounts of information. The HYDICE sensor, for example, generates data at over 5.8 Mbytes/s. An hour of collection provides a spectral/spatial hypercube of over 20 GBytes of data. Hyperspectral instruments now being planned will significantly increase these numbers. It is challenging to store or transmit the data. Data compression can alleviate this problem.Having recently finished a program to compress hyperspectral interferomentric data. Systems & Processes Engineering Corporation proposes applying this expereince with state-of-the-art compression to hyperspectral imagery and defining requirements to design and develop a compression module to interface with a broad family of hyperspectral imaging sensors. The real-time compression module will provide frame capture, selectable lossless or lossy data compression, forward error correction, and modulation and will be able to telemetry the data over existing channel bandwidths. Phase I will investigate the suitability of compression and decompression algorithms and will develop optimal forms of lossless and lossy compression. Phase II will design and fabricate a prototype module capable of supporting flight-tests. |
| HOLOGRAPHIC OPTICS, INC.
358 SAW MILL RIVER ROAD MILLWOOD, NY 10546 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(914) 762-1774
JOSE R MAGARINOS OSD 98-015 |
| Title: | FLEXIBLE HOLOGRAPHIC ELEMENTS FOR HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING |
| Abstract: | An excess of data is currently being obtained in hyperspectral imagery. Existing systems record the whole spectrum divided into a multiplicity of narrow bands. There is a need for a spectrally flexible system that can significantly reduce the number of bands used for each specific application. Such a system should have the capability either to individually adjust the band center wavelength and the bandwidth of each band or have the capability to switch easily between pre-designed spectral sets, optimized for each specific application. Novel solutions are offered in this proposal for producing low cost, custom designed spectral dispersive elements with flexible band centers and bandwidths. During the proposed Phase I effort, two parallel approaches will be considered, each having advantages for specific applications. If the application requires a set of narrow bands in a spectral region, but in another region can suffice with a single extra-broad band, the best approach will be to implement two pre-designed sets of dispersive elements. On the other hand, there are applications which need fine tuning of the narrow bands with moderate requirements for the bandwidth tunability. In this case, an array of individually tunalbe dispersive elements would be the best solution. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
ENGINEERING & PRODUCTS DIV TORRANCE, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
GAJENDRA SAVANT PHD OSD 98-015 |
| Title: | FLEXIBLE BANDWIDTH HOLOGRAPHIC FILTER |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a Flexible Bandwidth Holographic Filter (FBHF) based on tunable holographic filter elements. The FBHF will be compact and lightweight, with high optical density (OD>5) and tunable center wavelength and pass bandwidth. This new filter approach is based on the unique integration of a pair of Raman holographic edge filters (RHFs). Which are proprietary POC broadband holographic filters characterized by high optical density, narrow slope, and absence of ripple or sidelobes in the passband. Using two RHFs with overlapping bands, the filter center wavelength can be scanned from ~10nm to 100nm by independently varying the tilt angles of the RHFs. As a transmissive device, the proposed FBHF can be integrated into existing hyperspectral imaging sensor systems essentially without modification. Specifically, when placed in front of a standard broadband diffraction grating the FBHF forms a flexible dispersive element of a sort needed in many airborne remote sensing systems. |
| RUGATE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
72 GRAY'S BRIDGE ROAD UNIT 1A BROOKFIELD, CT 06804 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 775-0136
THOMAS D RAHMLOW JR OSD 98-015 |
| Title: | HYPERSPECTRAL RUGATE DISPERSIVE ELEMENTS |
| Abstract: | Rugate Interference filters are ideally suited to hyperspectral applications due to their ability to combine multiple functions and spectral regions in a single element, their flexible design and manufacture techniques, and their superior performance. Rugate transmission notches can be placed virtually anywhere in the spectrum without the harmonic bands associated with conventional discrete filters. The bandwidth of the notch is easily controlled as is the inband transmission or optical density. The same holds true for pass band filters. Multiple notches or passbands (or a combination) are easily fabricated. We propose to design rugate elements specifically for hyperspectral imagers, evaluate their predicted performance on focal plane arrays, and fabricate a Phase I prototype with selected materials. |
| WAVEFRONT RESEARCH, INC.
616 WEST BROAD STREET BETHLEHEN, PA 18018 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 694-9778
THOMAS W STONE OSD 98-016 |
| Title: | NOVEL HIGH RESOLUTION, WIDE ANGLE, LOW LOSS OPTICAL FIELD FLATTENERS FOR IR HYPERSPECTRAL SENSING |
| Abstract: | The goal of this effort is to establish the feasibility and advantages of a new class of wide angle optical field flatteners which exhibit superior resolution and insertion loss when compared with other fiber-based approaches and, unlike the classical Piazzi-Smyth field flatteners, have a nearly unlimited field curvature correction range. This high performance field flattener technology is an enabler for wide-field hyperspectral sensors over the SWIR and other broad spectral regions. Further there is potential for using these elements to reduce the spectral coordinate distortion that arises in grating-based dispersive systems. Optimized configurations will be developed and used to model system performance and benefits in a hyperspectral system. During this effort the feasibility of the new field flattener technology will be demonstrated through modeling and experiment. The experiments will include construction of an experimental feasibility testbed and an investigation demonstrating the feasibility of a low-cost manufacturing technique. |
| ALPHA INFORMATICS, LIMITED
7531 Presidential Ln. Manassas, VA 20190 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 392-0303
Patricia M. McCormick OSD 98-017 |
| Title: | Information Flow Analysis Capability |
| Abstract: | Alpha Informatics, Limited proposes to define a set of simulation and analysis process which will allow Theater Warfare personnel to visualize analyze and manage information flow necessary to support operations foreseen in Joint Vision 2010 and JCS concepts for Network Centric Warfare. In conjunction with the Government, we will define, develop and document a set of processes which will allow Theater Warfighters to: 1) describe their operational environment (including information processing nodes and information transmission pathways), 2) Define the information requirements necessary to support their assigned missions, particulary Extended Littoral Battlespace operations, 3) Visualize the flow of required information, and 4) Manage this flow under varying operational conditions. These processes will then be used to define the structure and functions required for an HLA compliant theater information flow simulation. We will use the structure and functions to develop and demonstrate the feasibility of a prototype theater information flow simulation tool to support visualization and analysis of theater information requirements. Such a prototype could be used as a basis for further development including the use of this simulation in conjunction with already developed theater deployment, force on force, and sustainment models. |
| APTIMA, INC.
600 West Cummings Park, Suite Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 935-3966
Daniel Serfaty OSD 98-017 |
| Title: | Computer-based Tool for Information Flow Analysis of a Complex and Adaptive Theater Warfare System |
| Abstract: | In complex command and control architectures, warfighters must clearly understand the impact of information flow on information management and decision-making processes. To cope with rapidly changing mission environments, complex, information-rich theater warfare systems must adapt their information structure (who should know what, and when) to survive and dominate the battlespace. The Information Flow and Analysis tools we plan to develop to support the analysis and design of human-system adaptive architectures are intended for both the commander and the designer. Our focus is on tool enhancement rather than tool building and on model integration rather than model development. Our human-centered approach, based on a blend of proven system modeling techniques combined with an existing set of C2 visualization and simulation tools, provides a low-risk, high-payoff solution with a short development cycle allowing computer-based modeling tools to be rapidly placed in the hands of the commanders and the designers of theater warfare systems. Aptima and its team partners for this project, Klien Associates and Micro Analysis and Design, have the collective experience to demonstrate the prototype of such a tool in Phase I, and deliver the complete set of Information Flow and Analysis Tools in Phase II. |
| 21ST CENTURY SYSTEMS, INC.
420 Hardscrabble Rd. Chappquqa, NY 10514 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(914) 769-2939
Dr. Alexander D. Stoyen OSD 98-018 |
| Title: | An Innovative, Java-Based Tool Suite for Visual Failure Management in Large-Scale, Complex, High Assurance Systems |
| Abstract: | 21st Century Systems, Inc. (2CSI, formed April 1996) proposes a tool suite which will combat architectural design errors in large-scale, high-assurance systems through systematic and intelligent simulation and modeling of alternate designs. The suite will feature a wide range failure analysis, identification, isolation, correction and management tools, and will make use of many innovative resource allocation heuristics, and cost and objective functions. The suite will facilitate failure management for collaborative, distributed system development and will incorporate a rich family of intelligent agents to assist in all human and automated functions. Finally, the suite will be entirely COTS-based (Java, VRML, browsers) and will run on common, inexpensive, Windows and Unix platforms. 21CSI builds tools for complex systems ineering and operation. The company has pioneered the use of both affordable visualization and intelligent agents in design and decision support tools. 21CSI has already delivered or is delivering innovative tools and technologies to AF Armstrong Lab, AF SMC and DARPA. 21CSI is engaged in a major joint licensing with Telelogic, an investigation of technology transition with Boeing, a transition to SMCÇs satellite management, and an investigation of a Navy-Air Force simulation and decision support system for Joint Forces Operations with the NRL. We fully expect OSD funds to leverage third-party support. For this project, a team with both a superb track record in systems, tools, visualization, failure analysis, and a solid knowledge of the sponsorÇs problem domain has been assembled. Under Phase I, 21CSI will deliver a report, a detailed design document and a prototype proof of concept. Then, 21CSI will transition and commercialize the technology under combined Phase II and third-party funding. |
| AST ENGINEERING SERVICES, INC.
12200 E. Briarwood Ave., Suite Englewood, CO 80112 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 790-4242
Eric W. Brehm OSD 98-018 |
| Title: | Failure Modeling and Visualization in High Assurance Systems |
| Abstract: | System dependability is an increasingly important characteristic of mission critical computer systems. These systems must be maintained in a state of readiness to perform critical functions, and must be able to perform these functions correctly despite the presence of imperfections in system components, and in the environments in which the systems operate. Automated tools are needed to assist in specifying and evaluating dependability characteristics of high assurance computer system designs, and in balancing dependability against other system attributes such as performance and cost. Phase I research will determine the feasibility of an automated tool set for modeling and visualization of failures and their effects in high assurance computer systems. This research will: a) define an information model for representation of dependability-oriented behavior and design features, b) define quantitative evaluation capabilities for prediction and/or simulation of dependability and performance in various failure situations, c) define visualization capabilities for graphical depiction of failure effects and rapid identification of critical design elements, and d) validate the applicability of the proposed capabilities using a representative set of system dependability design issues. Completion of these tasks will provide a starting point for implementation of a prototype automated tool set in Phase II. |
| QUALTECH SYSTEMS, INC.
66 Davis Rd. Storrs, CT 06268 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 423-3659
Dr. Amit Mathur OSD 98-018 |
| Title: | Failure Analysis of Large-Scale High Assurance Systems |
| Abstract: | Significant savings in the life-cycle costs of modern systems can be achieved if they are concurrently engineered with three design criteria: performance, reliability, and ease of maintenance. The proposed effort will address the development of a comprehensive model-based environment that supports the design evaluation process for large-scale system of systems by providing for the analysis of failure effects (including the effects of human failure), testability analysis, and reliability analysis. The environment will build upon Qualtech SystemsÇ (QSI) multi-signal modeling methodology that forms the core in a suite of commercial tools presently used for fault modeling, maintenance and troubleshooting of complex systems. The proposed effort will be conducted in consultation with Aptima, Inc., an industry leader in Human Engineering. In Phase I, the issues in extending the reliability analysis and FMECA techniques, already implemented in TEAMS, to systems of systems will be investigated. We will also focus on enhancements to the GUI in QSIÇs tools, TEAMS, and to its underlying multi-signal modeling methodology for developing a visualization tool for failure analysis (TEAMS-FA). A joint task force military mission will be used as an example scenario to test the utility of the developed technologies. In Phase II, TEAMS-FA development will be completed and the tool integrated with behavioral simulators for automatic multi-signal model extraction. The capability to integrate with QSIÇs diagnostic tools for post-deployment support will be a welcome by-product. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
50 Mall Rd. Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-3388
Dr. Eileen B. Entin OSD 98-019 |
| Title: | Integrated Human Engineering Toolset for Engineering of Complex Systems |
| Abstract: | Alphatech proposes to develop an integrated human engineering toolset to support the effective design of complex human-machine systems. The toolset will be based around two central concepts: human-centered engineering and integrated tools. By human centered engineering we mean a system designed around human capabilities. By integrated tools, we mean a seamless set of software tools that can exchange data and be used in any combination without human intervention. The toolset will include "plug-and-play" components for requirements specification, task analysis and allocation, workload and competency analysis, human-system interface prototyping, and system modeling. The Phase I effort will focus on specifying the functional requirements for each of the components, identifying specific tools, and specifying data exchange standards for integrating the toolset. The Phase I effort will provide the basis for Phase II development of a full-featured toolset to support the implementation of human engineering methods in the design of complex man-machine systems. This integrated toolset will be applicable to military, government, and commercial complex systems engineering. It will support the Navy in achieving the most efficient and productive use of human resources onboard ship and thereby support the goal of reduced manning requirements. |
| CARLOW INTERNATIONAL, INC.
3141 Fairview Park Dr., Suite Falls Church, VA 22042 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 208-3451
Thomas B. Malone, PhD OSD 98-019 |
| Title: | Human Engineering Tools for Engineering of Complex Systems |
| Abstract: | The Engineering of Complex Systems(ECS) is a technology development initiative being conducted by the Naval surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division to formalize and standardize the process and tools associated with applying system engineering to computer intensive (complex) systems. The enabling capabilities required are heavily dependent on increasing levels of automation. The automated techniques will leverage the best available computing technologies and in some instances, will require advancements in state-of-the-art algorithms, computing hardware, software, networks, information management, displays, etc. The ECS program is concerned with computer intensive system (via system level components). System level components are software, hardware, and the human component. This SBIR effort will address the requirements for incorporating a concern for human engineering and human-centered design into the ECS methodology. This will be accomplished through and adaptation of a design process already existing within Carlow InternationalÇs SHIP SHAPE (SHip System HIS Affordability and Performance Effectiveness) human engineering for ships process and tool system. A set of human engineering tools will also be developed in this SBIR which will be integrated among themselves, with the adapted human engineering form ECS design process, and with the other SHIP SHAPE tools and databases. |
| MICRO ANALYSIS & DESIGN, INC.
4900 Pearl East Circle, Suite 201E Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 442-6947
Susan Archer OSD 98-019 |
| Title: | A Human Engineering Tool for the Engineering of Complex Systems (SEAIT) |
| Abstract: | The project would design and prototype an integrated set of performance evaluation, workload assessment, and decision support tools for assessing human systems integration (HIS) aspects of US Navy and commercial ship designs. The tools will be used to evaluate reduced manning and automation concepts for new designs. The tools would consist of three software modules. 1. A functional description tool will assist users in performing and documenting a function and task analysis. This module would let users identify the workspaces and specific interfaces used to perform tasks for each function. The function description module will also assist users in specifying workload demands for tasks. 2. The simulation development tool will let users build simulation models of voyage profiles. 3. The data analysis tool will have three pieces: A report generator presents reports and graphs of simulation results. A task allocator uses clustering techniques to suggest task allocation alternatives to mitigate excessive workload and risk. A life cycle cost estimator provides insights to the potential affordability of a system design and the likely life cycle training requirements These tools will consist of an open architecture that capitalizes on parallel data base development and systems engineering tool development efforts. |
| CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP.
727 Airport Blvd. Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 668-2567
Charles J. Jacobus, PhD OSD 98-020 |
| Title: | Implementing a Distributed Testing Simulation Space Based on HLA |
| Abstract: | Significant similarities exist between various DoD battlespace simulation applications and distributed testing systems. We know of only one effort which provides an integrated simulation system and testing control center. Under this STRICOM effort the proposers are developing virtual instrumentation for DIS/HLA simulated systems. While DoD standards, including the new HLA, and the older DIS afford a firm jumping off point for developing a federation of simulated and real forces within a single simulated battlespace, our earlier STRICOM "virtual test range" work indicates the need for incorporation of lower level stream data oriented protocols to complement the event oriented protocols of HLA and DIS. Additionally, for large federations of virtual and real systems (even soldiers), the effects of system scalability must be considered. At the foundation, High Level Architecture (HLA) for distributed simulations compares favorable to commercial solutions for simulation messaging like MicrosoftÇs DirectPlay, but these must be complemented with collaborate engineering systems, federated simulation management, and data collection oriented subsystems. In this Phase I we will implement a design for such a system based on our past experience implementing the virtual test range and will implement a demonstration distributed testing simulation space which is network controlled and compliant with HLA. |
| LS OPTIMAL
13-D University Houses Madison, WI 53705 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(608) 231-9619
Guining Li OSD 98-020 |
| Title: | Automated Resource Optimization for Large Scale Complex |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop an Automated Resource Optimization (ARO) prototype for efficiently solving many resource allocation problems encountered in the design of large scale complex systems. Our proposed approach is based on a novel optimization framework, the Nested Partitions Method. The main goal of the proposed Phase I effort will be to demonstrate the feasibility of the ARO prototype. The Phase I effort will provide a foundation for development of automated resource optimization software tools in Phase II. These software tools can be integrated into systems engineering environments in supporting virtual engineering technology. |
| MODUS OPERANDI, INC.
122 Fourth Ave. Indialantic, FL 32903 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 984-3370
Tod C. Hagen OSD 98-020 |
| Title: | Wide Area Virtual-Prototyping Environment (WAVE) |
| Abstract: | Most government and commercial engineering organizations are under pressure to reduce system development time and costs while increasing overall quality. Modus Operandi proposes to combine the most promising new technologies for remote collaboration, Virtual Reality Prototyping, and tool integration into an innovative environment with significant benefits for complex engineering efforts. The Wide area Virtual-Prototyping Environment, or WAVE, will allow teams of geographically separated engineers to quickly prototype and evaluate potential system designs using an integrated set of remote collaboration, Virtual Reality, simulation, HLA, design, analysis, browsing, impact analysis and management tools. WAVE will allow engineers to work faster, collaborate more effectively, and produce better systems. To reduce the cost and risk in building WAVE, Modus Operandi will use COTS, GOTS, and legacy tools and build on open industry standards. Catalyst, a mature engineering environment, is the culmination of Modus OperandiÇs ten years of experience in building environments and will provide the foundation for WAVE. To this foundation will be added robust modeling tools from MultiGen, Inc. and Coryphaeus Software. The resulting system will provide important benefits to large Navy programs, such as SC21, CVX, LPD-17, and NSSN. A leading engineering tools vendor has already expressed interest in commercializing WAVE. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
2520 W. 237th St., Research & Development Division Torrance, CA 90509 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-7130
Edgar A. Mendoza OSD 98-021 |
| Title: | Distributed Fiber Optic Acoustic Emission Sensor for Crack Growth Monitoring in Advanced Aircraft Structures |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation, a leader in the development of distributed fiber optic sensors for nondestructive inspection and evaluation, proposes to develop a multipoint, continuously operating distributed fiber optic acoustic emission sensor (FOAES) system for the detection and monitoring of cracks in aging aircraft structures and in next-generation fighters. Based on a distributed array of in-line fiber Bragg gratings that are sensitive to acoustic-emission waves, the proposed FOAES system can either be embedded or surface-mounted in a wide variety of aircraft materials and structures. The goals of the proposed Phase I effort are: (1) to demonstrate quantitative acoustic emission detection in aircraft materials with multiplexed fiber gratings; (2) to design an automated optoelectronic sensor readout system; (3) to integrate the fiber grating system and a bench top optoelectronic sensor readout and demonstrate its performance as a distributed acoustic emission sensor system; and (4) to test the FOAES instrument for the quantitative structural analysis of aircraft structural materials (i.e., aluminum and stainless steel) in the laboratory; and (5) to demonstrate the commercial potential of the FOAES technology. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Rd. Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Michael Dingus/Mr. Russel OSD 98-021 |
| Title: | Acoustic Emission (AE) Distributed Crack Initiation and Growth Monitoring System Using Optical Fibers |
| Abstract: | The proposed effort will examine continuous AE monitoring of fatigue in aircraft, where uncertainty about fatigue damage threatens to retire aircraft. Noise levels and other common AE issues have been addressed by others, but fundamental limitations of commercial systems, such as weight and EMI interference, continue to hamper extensive use of AE monitoring on aircraft. During Phase I, TRI/Austin will team with Boeing. SPEC, and Felicitv Group to create a smart, single cable AE sensor system that processes AE waveforms at the sensor. This will greatly reduce the amounts of data that commercial systems must transfer via cables into a central computer. This reduction will allow a single cable to monitor many AE sensors while reducing the weight, heat generation and size of the computer. Processing data at the sensor will allow heavy, EMI susceptible pre-amps to be removed from the AE sensors. The smart sensor could be smaller than conventional sensor/preamp combinations because the chips needed to implement smart sensors are commercially available, small, and lightweight. Phase I tasks will include: smart sensor development; fiber optic data transfer system implementation; adapting software; and optimizing ssystem performance versus commercial AE equipment. |
| CENTER FOR REMOTE SENSING, INC.
11350 Random Hills Rd., Suite 710 Fairfax, VA 22030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 385-7717
Suman Ganguly OSD 98-022 |
| Title: | Distributed Sensors for Monitoring of Actual Corrosion |
| Abstract: | Corrosion of aircraft poses many problems including safety risks, higher maintenance costs, and reduced, operational effectiveness. Detection of corrosion on aircraft is difficult because corrosion often occurs in hidden places, requiring extended maintenance periods for disassembly. A corrosion detection system is proposed utilizing self contained sensors affixed to the aircraft. Novel sensors are proposed to directly monitor the amount of corrosion within the aircraft structure. These sensors will monitor the actual corrosion as well as corrosive conditions and will transmit measurements at regular intervals to a central processor onboard the aircraft. Maintenance personnel need only link to the central processor to determine when corrosion levels reach a threshold requiring service, thereby reducing overall service time and cost. Several means of data transmission are explored. During Phase I we design and develop a prototype system using wireless transmission of data. Tests using Navy facilities are planned during Phase I. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
2520 W. 237th St. Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-7130
John D. Prohaska, PhD OSD 98-022 |
| Title: | Fiber Optic Demodulation Method for Fiber Grating Corrosion Detection |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation proposes to develop a new fiber optic corrosion detection system capable of measuring the location and progress of corrosion in an aging aluminum aircraft structure. The proposed system will give aircraft maintainers and designers important quantitative information about corrosion kinetics. The proposed system uses a corrosion sensitive fiber Bragg gratings, which can easily be embedded into structural members and lap joints, as sensing elements. The fiber provides distributed sensing over the entire area covered by the fiber. The fiber optic corrosion detection system will focus on the development of fiber Bragg grating sensors with aluminum metal coatings and the development of a novel demodulation method based on tapped fiber Bragg gratings. The sensor can be used to detect the average state of corrosion at specific points along the fiber. The tapped Bragg grating demodulator dispersively scatters light out of the optical fiber and is then imaged on to linear photodiode array. In Phase I POC proposes to demonstrate the feasibility of using corrosion sensitive fiber Bragg gratings with the novel tapped Bragg grating demodulation system to detect the presence of aluminum corrosion. |
| BLUE ROAD RESEARCH
2555 N.E. 20th Fairview, OR 97024 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(503) 667-7772
Eric Udd OSD 98-023 |
| Title: | Fiber Optic Grating Sensor Distributed Adhesive Bond Monitoring Systems |
| Abstract: | An innovative distributed multi-axis fiber optic based strain sensor system will be used to measure transverse strain, longitudinal strain, and strain gradients in adhesive bonds to track the onset of failure. This system which is based on advanced fiber grating technology allows multiplexing of large numbers of sensors, Synergy with the communications industry allows the unit cost of the sensors to be low, This program is directed toward the demonstration of (1) the first usage of a single point multi-axis strain grating sensor to monitor an adhesive bond, (2) the effectiveness of measuring transverse strain gradients in tracking the onset of damage in adhesively bonded joints, (3) localization of damage by measuring multi-dimensional strain field changes, (4) the strategic placement of fiber grating sensors in bonded joints does not degrade joint strength and, (5) fiber grating sensors can be used to monitor the curing process of an adhesive bond. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Rd. Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Alan V. Bray/Joseph L. Ro OSD 98-023 |
| Title: | Guided Wave/Fiber Optic NDE of Distributed Adhesive Bonds |
| Abstract: | Adhesive bonds are a critical joining logy for modern aircraft, and health monitoring of distributed bond areas is an important part of airframe preventative and conditioned based maintenance programs. The introduction of smart composite materials with embedded fiber optics (FO) makes possible the union of two sciences into a leap-ahead bond nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technology - ultrasonics and optics. Ultrasonic guided waves (GW) are one of the most defect sensitive NDE methods known, and they can probe at large (over 20ft in composites) from the inspected area. By using embedded fiber optics as receivers the acoustic guided wave passage is sensed internal to the part under inspection. This provides an NDE capability heretofore unavailableÇmonitoring guided wave structure at different points within the part to determine distributed bond health. A ground based maintenance system, GW/FO NDE would add less than 5 pounds to aircraft weight. The inspection would be done by connecting a knee high instrument rack to the aircraft using singlemode FO connectors. Inspection times should be on the order of 10-15 minutes for fighter size aircraft with 5-6 GW/FO embedded arrays. A commercialization approach for GW/FO NDE is presented for both military and airline industries, and company resources and university M.B.A. programs are used to assess market potential for this innovative NDE product. |
| HOOD TECHNOLOGY CORP.
1750 Country Club Rd. Hood River, OR 97031 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(541) 387-2288
Andreas H. von Flotow OSD 98-024 |
| Title: | Health Monitoring of Rotating Engine Parts |
| Abstract: | We propose to upgrade a blade vibration monitoring system developed 15 years ago: 1) to improve its sensitivity and vibration measurement capability with the goal of using the improved system in on-going research in active high-cycle fatigue abatement for rotor blades; 2) develop the system, especially its electronics and software, and bring it to current aerospace industry standards to become the core of an on-board crack detection system that could be included in new engines or retrofitted to existing ones. The basic technology is a capacitive blade detection system which, couples to a very accurate timer, and post-processing, figures out the dither in the time-of-passage due to a blade resonance and infers synchronous vibration that way. The sensor is small, non-intrusive and one sensor measures all blades in one disk, hence has great operational potential. The early version of this system was demonstrated in Poland, where it was originally developed and did detect blade damage in actual operational jet engines. |
| ROTOMETRICS
1214 Oxford St. Berkely, CA 94709 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 841-3585
Dr. Richard Spitzer OSD 98-024 |
| Title: | A Prognostic System for Turbine Engines |
| Abstract: | A measurement technology currently under development by the proposer will be utilized to develop,a health-monitoring system (HMS) to determine the integrity of a rotating turbine engine under normal operation. The HMS detects changing conditions of rotating elements in time to avoid their failure during operation and to allow repair or replacement at a more convenient time. The complete system will consist of (i) a measurement subsystem to collect and process a time array of data; (ii) an empirical database for reference; and (iii) a pattern-recognition subsystem (PRS) to interpret the measured and stored data. The measurement subsystem relates travelling torsional waves on each side of the rotating component to each other by their transmission/reflection/absorption coefficients. This nonintrusive network method is similar to those applied in the past to other wave phenomena, such as microwaves and acoustics. Temporal changes in these coefficients will be monitored and provide a measure of the rotating-component deterioration. The proposed Phase I program will determine the measurement subsystem and establishes feasibility through performance simulation of the designed hardware subsystem. The empirical database and the PRS will be developed in later program stages. |
| AGAVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC.
117 Devlen Rd Groton, NY 13073 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(607) 255-2890
Dr. Carl A. Batt CBD 98-101 |
| Title: | Labeless, Reagentless, Biosensor |
| Abstract: | The preponderance of biosensors under development today rely on labeling reagents such as fluorescent, radioisotopic or enzymatic tags. As a result, the added complexity of these reagents and their incorporation into the detection system has resulted in designs that are difficult to implement or that require significant sample preparation steps before introduction into the detection instrument. While increasing signal, these labels also increase noise, can negatively impact on specificity and overall in the signal-to-noise ratio. In short, the need for reagents by current systems has created significant obstacles to fielding a truly portable, reliable and easy to use biosensor, i.e., one that can be used by the warfighter without significant training or preparation. To meet these needs, Agave BioSystems proposes to develop a truly labeless and reagentless biosensor based upon the optical diffraction of analyte bound to reflective silicon. Key to this effort is the innovative, proprietary microcontact printing technology of Agave BioSystems and its collaborator. This technology allows the precise placement of arrays of biological recognition molecules to form gratings which coupled with optical defraction allows the reagentless detection of multiple targets. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
2520 W. 237th Street, R & D Division Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-7130
Lothar U. Kempen, Ph.D. CBD 98-101 |
| Title: | High Resolution Imaging Ellipsometer for Labeless, Multi-Channel Immunosensing |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a real-time imaging optical arrangement monitoring a sample solution for a large number of analytes in parallel. Using a photo-induced immobilization technique, a multitude of different antibodies is immobilized on the surface of a glass carrier, each type located at a specific position on the chip. When sample fluid containing the analytes lows over the sensor surface, the top plane of the optical carrier chip is interrogated from below by an imaging ellipsometer to provide a spatially resolved measurement of the sample surface in approximately one second. This allows precise monitoring of the film thickness variations due to a binding event with monolayer resolution. The use of several spectral bands for performing the measurement adds another parameter in addition to film thickness determination to enhance the sensitivity. The imaging will be performed with about 10 micrometer lateral resolution, leading to highly resolved fast information about the binding status of a vast number of different antibodies without the need for labeling reagents. The optical setup can also be used with minor modifications to monitor DNA binding events. This system will be of high commercial interest for chemical and biological screening and for environmental monitoring applications. |
| AMERICAN RESEARCH CORP. OF VA
1509 Fourth St Radford, VA 24143 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 731-0655
Dr. Russell J. Churchill CBD 98-102 |
| Title: | Minature Biological Detector Using On-Chip Eletrostatic Spray Separation |
| Abstract: | Recent developments in the world political arena have led to The need for miniaturized instrumentation for rapid characterization of micro-organisms and toxins to protect military and civilian personnel against biological weapons and to allow timely administration of prophylactics. Considerable effort is currently underway to develop polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays with automated sample preparation. Although centrifugation and immunomagnetic particle methods of sample preparation have been evaluated, the need for sample separation prior to PCR on unattended biological detectors remains unanswered. This proposal suggests the use of electrostatic spray injection as a means of sample preparation prior to PCR methods of analysis. The innovation of the proposed sensor system is the combination of charge-based and mass-based separation operations within a micromachined flow manifold to provide a detector having unparalleled sensitivity to micro-organisms and toxins. The Phase I Technical Objectives include design and fabrication of a laboratory electrostatic spray system, evaluation of the efficiency of electrostatic particle separation and acquisition of families of test data for use in optimization of a proof-of-concept prototype system. In Phase II, test procedures will be automated and the sensor will be miniaturized for use at an Army facility. |
| GALA DESIGN LLC
Po Box 520 Sauk City, WI 53583 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(608) 643-0152
Robert D. Bremel CBD 98-103 |
| Title: | Large Scale Production of Antibodies in Transgenic Animals |
| Abstract: | We propose a rapid and easily scaleable system for the production of target quantities of monoclonal antibodies in the milk of cattle. O ur approach utilizes a modification of gene therapy techniques to di rectly insert genes for the monoclonals of interest into the mammary epithelium of cattle. In Phase I, we will develop appropriate vector constructs and demonstrate their fidelity in vitro, in preparation f or a rapid transition to production. |
| F&S, INC.
P.O. Box 11704 Blacksburg, VA 24062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 953-4267
Scott Meller CBD 98-104 |
| Title: | Novel Microcantilever Biosensor for the Measurement of Biomolecular Forces |
| Abstract: | The ability to detect minute quantities of toxic biological substance s will provide the ability to quickly assess a situation so that an a ppropriate response to exposure can be orchestrated. Not only will t he development of this technology be important in toxic agent warfare detection, the biological sensors would be pertinent in commercial ap plications such as process control and point-of-care diagnostics. Be cause rapid diagnosis of medical situations can result in better pat ient care, there is a great desire to have portable test facilities, bases on affinity sensing technology, that can produce analysis insta ntaneously. The main advantage of affinity sensors is that separatio n procedures are not reqired thereby providing results with specific binding of select target molecules. Devices can be small, rugged, and can demonstrate sensitivity levels equal to or greater than tradi tional instrumentation. Interest in these devices has grown steadily with the recent advent of inexpensive, mass-produced MEMS devices. M ore specifically, microcantilevers can now be produced to detect the presence of biological samples through changes in resonance frequenc y, deflection, amplitude, and Q-factor. F&S proposes to commercializ e a microcantilever sensor that is capable of measuring. |
| SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING CORP.
P.O. Box 162487 Austin, TX 78716 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 306-1100
Mike Durrett, Ph.D. CBD 98-104 |
| Title: | Biological Threat Identification Employing Force Amplified Biosensor Technology |
| Abstract: | Systems & Processes Engineering Corporation (SPEC) proposes to develop a highly sensitive point pathogen detection system based on Force Amplified Biosensor (FAB) technology. Similar to Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). FAB employs a greatly simplified AFM configuration to measure intermolecular interactions. By employing immobilized antibodies and very small, well characterized, magnetic beads, extremely high sensitivity and specificity can be achieved. Further this proposed sensor will expand on the FAB technology by using the force required to break the bonds in the immunoassay as either a discriminant or as an additional selective feature in determining the type of pathogen. The final system will be controlled by a microprocessor and will be designed to be compact and portable. A low volume air sampler will be all that is necessary because of the use of the novel highly sensitive FAB technology coupled with the additional selectivity of bond-force-discrimination. |
| DIFFRACTION LTD.
P.O. Box 1115 Waitsfield, VT 05673 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(802) 496-6642
Scott W. Tighe CBD 98-106 |
| Title: | Advanced Column and Accumulator for Low Power Consumption GC |
| Abstract: | This Phase I research will focus on developing a low power usage chip-based micromachined CC (MMGC) column and sample accumulator. The design of this Innovative miniaturized MMGC will be aimed at reducing the amount of time needed for an analysis. The unique column approach incorporates a stationary phase that will separate organic compounds efficiently. We will investigate the use of several different stationary phase compounds in removable or changeable) MMGC columns or.a multiple column chip. The MMCC chip-based column will be temperature programmable in a multi-zone configuration. Inherent to the design is a unique micromachined organic vapor sampling device employing an innovative microthermal accumulator. Evaluation of this gas chromatographic (GC) column and sample accumulator will be performed using a breadboard set up using organic compounds which are specific in warfare situations. |
| FEMTOSCAN CORP.
7026 Commerce Park Dr, Suite #2 Midvale, UT 84047 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 568-6788
Neil S. Arnold CBD 98-107 |
| Title: | Deve;opment of A Handheld Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry |
| Abstract: | The ability to develop new technology on the basis of existing commercial technology can offer significant cost savings when compared to research programs to develop new technology from scratch. Continuing developments in mass spectrometry (MS), vacuum Systems and high speed gas chromatography (GC) sampling and analysis methods, have created an opportunity to fully demonstrate a powerful handportable GC/MS system in the course of a single Phase I and II SBIR program. This program builds on similar projects at the University of Utah that demonstrated backpack portable GC/MS and high speed roving GC/MS concepts using modified versions of "off-the-shelf" technology. This program will apply new technology in sampling, temperature programmed transfer line GC, low power mass analyzers and lightweight vacuum pumping to create the first handportable GC/MS instrument ready for DOD application testing. This program will be followed by immediate commercialization of the technology for both military and civilian applications. |
| SYAGEN TECHNOLOGY, INC.
1411 Warner Ave Tustin, CA 92780 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 258-4400
Dr. Jack A. Syage CBD 98-107 |
| Title: | Field-Portable, Real-Time Chemical Analysis Systems |
| Abstract: | Low-cost, high-resolution, field-portable chemical analysis systems are needed to meet critical detection requirements for environmental monitoring and sampling, and for the specific problem of chemical agent battle-field detection and nonproliferation monitoring. New technologies are needed to bring lab-quality performance to the field. An innovative ionization method is proposed that provides for highly specific mass analysis of multicomponent mixtures. The basic principles have been validated and there are no obstacles to transitioning the technology to a compact, field-portable unit that exceeds nearly all performance specifications of the competitive method of gaschromatography, mass spectrometry. The Phase I project will validate the efficiency of detecting chemical weapons convention-scheduled compounds and other broad classes of environmentally important compounds. A variety of sampler options will be examined, and engineering designs for a field-deployable Phase II prototype will be developed. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 668-4409
William G. Leary CBD 98-201 |
| Title: | CBW Ensemble Pass-Through for A Man Mounted Microclimate Cooling System |
| Abstract: | Current CB protective ensembles impose a thermal burden on aircrew which not only limits mission time. but poses a physiological danger to aircrew operating in even moderate temperature environments~ A small man-mounted cooling system employing active liquid based technology would enhance mission effectiveness and prevent a hazardous rise in core body temperature. However, these state-of-the-art systems were not designed to be used in a CB environment The proposed work will solve this problem through the development of a CB garment pass-through which will allow for the integration of an active cooling system with a CB ensemble. The pass-through may be field installed without the use of special tools, and will not compromise the integrity of the CB garment. Phase I will include the establishment of all relevant design criteria along with a state-of-the-art review of current microclimate cooling systems culminating in the fabrication of a prototype pass-through device. A fully developed CBW ensemble pass-through will be completed in Phase II. Three devices will be produced initially for laboratory analysis in Phase II. Revisions to tile design based on the laboratoryis assessment will be completed, and three full developed prototypes will be manufactured. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4320
Daniel L. Fischbach CBD 98-202 |
| Title: | CBW Low Profile Man-Mounted Filter And Blower Unit |
| Abstract: | There is an increasing threat of chemical and biological (CB) agents being used by hostile forces when USN aircrew could be exposed. Aircrews must wear special eye and respiratory protective equipment both before. During, and after flight operations, and transition between these states without compromising CB Protectionintegrity. Man-mounted CBW filter/blower units have previously been produced and integrated with the aircrew flight ensemble. However, they are typically bulky and protrude from the front of the aircrew overvest, making it difficult to maneuver the cockpit, and creating a potential snagging hazard for flight controls and during mergency egress. The proposed work addresses these concerns. The unit developed will have a low profile, and be integrated with aircrew's flight ensemble so that the nuisance and safety hazards are eliminated. It will do so while providing the same level of protection as the current units. Phase I will address the individual technologies required to develop the new filter/blower unit; state-of-the-art review, tradeoff analysis, and system design will indicate the best solution. In Phase II, the blower will be manufactured for testing. |
| MESOSYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
MST, 3200 George Washington Way Richland, WA 99352 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(509) 375-3365
Donald J. Hammerstrom CBD 98-202 |
| Title: | An Advanced Gas Mask Incorporating A Low Energy corona Plasma Reactor |
| Abstract: | MesoSystems Technology, Inc. and Battelle Memorial Institute propose to design, fabricate, and evaluate a miniature plasma reactor (MPR) system as an augmentation of the current gas mask filter. A laboratory prototype demonstration (Phase I) will be followed by the development and demonstration of a lightweight, partially ruggedized, fieldable unit (Phase II) which will be delivered to the millitary for further evaluation. The proposed technology effectively treats chemical and biological warfare (CBW) agents simultaneously. |
| NAVMAR APPLIED SCIENCES CORP.
65 West Street Rd, Suite #B-104 Warminster, PA 18974 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 675-4900
Alan Hellman CBD 98-203 |
| Title: | Improved Chemical-Biological (CB) Warfare Ensemble Hood |
| Abstract: | This SBIR proposes the development of a new hood material as an alternative to bromo-butyl rubber for an aircrew B respirator application. This new material provides for a significant improvement for dispersi on of water vapor and heat generated by the head. The new material r etains all the necessary material performance characteristics for Hea d-Eye-Respiratory (HER) protection. The feasibility of bonding this hood material to polycarbonate will be demonstrated. This prototype would represent achievable performance and producibility goals for in corporation into a aircrew respirator hood. Technologies will also b e researched for complimentary approaches to manage head heat transfe r for the combined respirator and flight helmet systems. DOD documen ted data will be used for threat information, aircraft platform IPE r equirements, shipboard operational and maintenance conditions, and CB design/material guidelines. Technical analysis and Phase I evaluatio ns will be accomplished for the new hood material. |
| FEDERAL FABRICS-FIBERS, INC.
21 Marie Dr Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 470-1859
Zvi Horovitz CBD 98-204 |
| Title: | Light Weight Chemical Protective Hand Wear |
| Abstract: | Current CBW protective flight handwear consists of three pairs of glo ves: an inner cotton liner glove for comfort and perspiration absorpt ion, a 7mil butyl rubber glove for agent protection and a nomex fligh t glove for fire protection. These three pairs of gloves when worn t ogether are very bulky and cumbersome making it very difficult to per form aircrew tasks that require high tactility, such as depressing sm all buttons and switches. The current Nomex glove is particularly bul ky due to the cut-and-sew technique used, which results in extra mate rial on every finger and in every crouch. Federal Fabrics - Fibers (F FF's) will evaluate the current state-of-the-art CB flight glove ense mble technology. Develop and recommend an integrated glove for use b y aircrew and submit material samples. A report shall be delivered t o NAWCADPAX on the recommended design concept. The first task of this project will be to test and evaluate the current CBW three glove syst em. Testing will encompass the areas of comfort and dexterity, chemi cal protection, insulating value and finally fire protective ability. The first task of this project will be to test and evaluate the curre nt CBW three glove system. Testing will encompass the areas of comfo rt and dexterity, chemical protection, insulating value and finally f ire protective ability. The second task is to produce a glove that p rovides equivalent or better protection than the current three glove system with improved comfort and dexterity. FFF will produce, test, a nd deliver both material samples as well as several pairs of gloves. FFF will make our internal test data available to NAWCADPX for compar ison with current system. In addition, FFF will deliver material sam ples and several pairs of gloves to the Navy so they can be evaluated and compared to the current three glove system at |
| TDA RESEARCH, INC.
12345 W. 52nd Ave Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 940-2322
Dr. Bryan M. Smith CBD 98-205 |
| Title: | Water-Based Ensemble Coating |
| Abstract: | Servicemen subject to chemical or biological attack are already supplied with effective defenses, but their external equipment is often not protected from contamination and must often be discarded after contamination. In order to protect the valuable equipment of the aircrew ensemble from exposure to chemical or biological warfare agents, the U.S. Navy has suggested a clear aerosol coating which would facilitate decontamination of the ensemble. TDA Research Inc. has identified a water-based aerosol coating designed to reduce chemical warfare agent residue after a water wash. The clear coating sprays on and is immediately effective in assisting the decontamination of the coated ensemble with water. Once dry, it is not expected to wash off in a simple rain, but can be easily removed under a water stream from a hose. This ensemble coating is expected to also provide the personnel with a measure of additional protection from chemical warfare agents. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Rd Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Dr. Michael Dingus CBD 98-205 |
| Title: | CBW Ensemble Protective Clothing |
| Abstract: | Protective clothing technology is a key element in chemical and biological defense, There is a need for a spray-on coating, similar to 3M's Scotch Gard1 which will enhance the barrier properties of standard protective clothing and aid in decontamination. Two approaches have been developed for fabric protection: (1) high surface free energy, low molecular weight resins which are chemically bonded to the fabric and (2) solid film forming polymers which adhere to the fabric. Texas Research Institute Austin Inc. (TRI/Austin) will select and evaluate the best candidates from both classes of barrier resins and develop a coating formulation. The candidates will be tested for permeation, ease of decontamination, ease of application, and fire resistance. TRI/Austin will be assisted by Professor William J. Koros of the University of Texas at Austin, and by TRI/Environmental. TRI/Environmental is the industrial hygiene and environmental testing division of Texas Research International, the parent company of TRI/Austin. TRI/Environmental is an industry-recognized testing lab for protective clothing accredited by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) for commercial and government standards. Professor Koros is an expert in barrier polymer research. TRI/Austin has an excellent background in product development for custom polymer formulations, chemical warfare protective equipment, and other applications. The team assembled for this project has the optimum combination of expertise in barrier coatings, polymer formulation, protective clothing testing, and product development. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Mitchell R. Zakin CBD 98-206 |
| Title: | Polymeric Agent Decontamination System |
| Abstract: | The threat of military and terrorist deployment of chemical weapons has increased alarmingly in recent years. A universal decontamination system is required for safe and effective neutralization of standard and thickened chemical warfare agents (G, V, and H). The system must be non-toxic, non-corrosive, and non-hazardous to equipment and personnel. For effective implementation, the system must be stable, inexpensive, and easy to transport and deploy under field conditions. Current decontamination systems such as DS2 and supertropical bleach are toxic and corrosive. Physical Sciences, Inc. proposes to develop an inexpensive, stable, non-toxic, non-corrosive polymeric decontamination system for G, V, and H agents. The system will be formulated as a water-soluble dry powder to reduce logistical burdens. The system will be effective in either dry or aqueous (reconstituted) form, and will provide a colorimetric indication of the progress of the decontamination reaction. The system will be safe for use on a variety of material including medical decontamination of skin and wounds. In Phase I a prototype system will be formulated and used to demonstrate the rapid, effective decontamination of a material surface coated with standard and thickened agent simulants. A preliminary formulation of the Phase II decontamination system will be completed. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Rd Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Dr. Michael Dingus CBD 98-207 |
| Title: | CBW Safe Water Pouch |
| Abstract: | Recent events in the Middle East have focused worldwide attention toward the escalating threat of chemical and biological warfare. Naval Aviators exposed to potential CBW threats need a means to rehydrate themselves in the cockpit. Numerous studies have shown that proper hydration is essential for maximum physical and mental performance. Texas Research Institute Austin, Inc. (TRI/Austin) will team with Trelleborg Viking, Inc. to produce the most CBW resistant water pouch ever devised. A two layer design will result in the best possible agent protection, durability, flexibility, and water potability. Candidate inner bladder materials and threaded penetrator materials will be tested, and the best materials will be selected for the design. The integrity of the mechanical seal between the outer CBW barrier material and the threaded penetrator will be evaluated, along with the integrity of the edge seals in the inner bladder material, using chemical agent simulants as the challenge media. Viral penetration tests and pressure tests will also be performed. The prototype pouch will be further tested against altitude change, temperature, and drop resistance. A draft specification will be prepared that will allow complete replication. A prototype CBW resistant water pouch will be delivered to the Navy. |
| INVITRO DIAGNOSTICS, INC.
Columbia Univ.Bio Science Park , 3960 Broadway Rm. New York, NY 10032 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(212) 568-0365
Abraham Grossman CBD 98-301 |
| Title: | RNA Detector-Molecule Methodology for Microorganism Biodetectors |
| Abstract: | Current geopolitical strategies require effective warfare countermeasures to protect U.S. forces against biological and chemical threats. Today's molecular biology and immunological detection technologies cannot be used to produce automated biodetectors useable in the battlefield. New, improved detection technologies are needed to minimize the impact of chemical and biological weapons on Army personnel and provide a means to construct automated biodetectors that can identify a very few particles of any hazardous agent, regardless of interferant background. The final objective of the work proposed is to develop a highly sensitive RNA probe methodology to identify pathogenic bacteria and viruses. The methodology will underlay the foundation of RNA based tests that will be easy to perform as a simple enzymatic reaction at 37 degrees C under isothermal conditions in a single test tube format and can identify less than 100 target molecules in a specimen. Because of its extreme simplicity, the test could ultimately be incorporated into a small, portable, personal deviceuseable in battlefield environments without special training. This technology goes beyond normal evolutionary development approaches because it breaks the existing paradigms of the diagnostic industry by demonstrating the technical feasibility of detecting a non-nucleic acid target using a nucleic acid detector system. |
| TACAN CORP.
2330 Faraday Ave Carlsbad, CA 92008 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 438-1010
Jeffrey Ives CBD 98-301 |
| Title: | A Compact, Automated Unit For Identifying Microorganisms by Their Nucleic Acids |
| Abstract: | Due to the serious hazards of biological warfare agents, advanced detection capabilities must be developed to protect personnel in a variety of field situations. Aerosols, in particular, are a likely means of delivering the potential biohazards. Analyzing these aerosols rapidly and accurately is critical to successful defense, and can involve several levels of physical and biochemical analysis. A key biochemical component of bacteria and viruses is their nucleic acid composition because multiple copies of a toxin or viral agent will be produced from the genetic information. Unfortunately, current methods and instrumentation to detect specific nucleic acid sequences are too slow, labor intensive, and require multiple instruments for processing and analysis. This Phase I proposal describes an innovative RNA methodology to isolate the target microorganisms, prepare the ribosomal RNA, and detect it with fluorescently labeled oligonucleotide probes. The method is designed to be completed in 30 minutes or less, and can be integrated into a compact, automated instrument suitable for demanding field applications. Sample handling will be entirely enclosed to ensure safety and simplify operation. The fundamental position of nucleic acids in many biomedical and biotechnological fields supports the commercial potential of an effective nucleic acid identifier. |
| CREARE, INC.
PO Box 71 Etna Road Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
David B. Kynor SOCOM 98-001 |
| Title: | Breath-Hold Diver Monitoring System |
| Abstract: | Military breath-hold divers are at risk for shallow water blackout. We plan to develop a Diver Monitoring System that will warn the diver when he is a risk of losing consciousness. The system will monitor the diver's blood oxygen level and dive profile so that the warning provides the diver with sufficient time to ascend to the surface. The technology developed under this program will not only benefit military breath-hold divers, but is also expected to have medical applications including patient monitoring during stress testing and assisting clinicians in determining the cause of fainting episodes. We have assembled a uniquely qualified team which includes a Principal Investigator with experience in developing underwater instrumentation and data acquisition systems for processing of physiological signals, and a Project Engineer with experience in developing real-time data acquisition systems and embedded software. Out team also includes a noted Diving Physiologist and a leading manufacturer of blood oxygen monitoring equipment for the medical marketplace. |
| COMMERCIAL SATELLITE SYSTEMS, INC.
835 CrossKeys Office Park Fairport, NY 14450 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(716) 425-0760
Tony Jannetta SOCOM 98-002 |
| Title: | Desktop Video Conferencing |
| Abstract: | A developmental effort for an integrated video conferencing communications architecture is proposed that is designed to provide reliable multimedia communications from the SOF tactical user to garrison. It will be designed to provide an integrated video conferencing capability to SOF for existing communications applications as well as the addition of telemedicine and distance learning. The Phase I study will investigate the technologies, standards, equipment and systems needed to develop a detailed video conferencing architecture and system design. Special emphasis is on the need to transition SOF Communications networks to standards based on LANs and WANs using ATM, Iso-Ethernet and/or 100BaseT. The Phase I effort includes selected demonstrations of video conferencing from the tactical user to component desktop to establish confidence in the approach and establish a foundation for a detailed implementation plan in Phase II. The study includes an investigation of programs, equipment and software applications within Government and the commercial market applicable to SOF requirements for distance learning and telemedicine. In Phase II a detailed system design and implementation plan is proposed along with demonstrations which verify the proposed architecture. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Suite 103 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dai Hyun Kim SOCOM 98-003 |
| Title: | Remotely Controllable and Programmable Vehicle Security System Based on Data Fusion and Live-Video Review |
| Abstract: | Current security systems rely on human operators for sensor fusion. In contrast, Physical Optics Corporation proposes to develop and demonstrate a Highly Intelligent Remotely Programmable Alarm System (HIRPAS), setting a new standard of vehicle security in the year 2000, based on autonomous sensor fusion. HIRPAS will be a hardware/software highly intelligent portable multisensor security system allowing real-time remote live-video oversight. HIRPAS will improve security technology and surveillance mission efficiency. HIRPAS applies a unique combination of motion sensing with multisensor data fusion, neurofuzzy networks, and enhanced real-time MPEG-compatible compression for remote video transfer from the surveillance site. Based on fuzzy metrology, HIRPAS will preprocess multisensor data, including video imagery, and will identify exceptional and significant events and preferentially downlink selected frame sequences in real-time through the processor in the vehicle and communicate with the person responsible for vehicle security. This is made possible by intelligent integration among multiple heterogeneous sensors, pattern recognition in a neurofuzzy network, and unprecedented 4000:1 compression that only slightly reduces video quality, thus also dramatically increasing archiving capacity. |
| EDCO
5 Upland Lane West Newbury, MA 01985 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 462-7511
Edward W. Dahn SOCOM 98-004 |
| Title: | Suprises and Opportunities Diver Location, Diver Navigation, DIVENAV |
| Abstract: | The diver navigation system (DIVENAV) accurately locates the position of scuba divers with respect to a dive boat. A display on the dive boat indicates magnetic bearing, distance, and depth for up to ten divers. In addition, the system will provide information to the diver to assist in his navigation. A digital readout on the diver's transponder is controlled by the divemaster on the dive boat. The readout indicates magnetic bearing and distance to a target. This information is automatically updated as the diver changes position. This system can be used by the divemaster to direct the diver back to the dive boat, to a remote location, or in a search pattern. Each diver can be independently directed. |
| EMERGENT TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
115 Ventura Drive Bridgeport, WV 26330 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(605) 692-7977
Dr. Douglas Miron SOCOM 98-004 |
| Title: | Suprises and Opportunities |
| Abstract: | Emergent Technologies Corp. (ETC) in conjunction with research partners at West Virginia University has developed and recently patented an innovation antenna that promises to revolutionize the science of antenna design, construction and utilization. The antenna, labeled the Countrawound Toroidal Helical Antenna (CTTHA), offers a number of significant advantages over conventional antennas. The CTHA's unique nearly isotopic radiation pattern are ideal for highly mobile platforms. It is extremely small, (about 1/20th the size of the smallest GPS antenna) and light weigh make it ideal for tactical applications yet provided superior communications performance. The donut shaped CTHA appears to exhibit some of the properties of so-called "Slow wave" devices. It consists of two helical wire radiating elements wrapped around a toroidal core. The two elements are of opposing handedness, creating a number of cross over points around the toroid. At least 17 different design parameters have been identified that impact the CTHA performance. Preliminary test results provide a high degree of confidence that further development of CTHA technology will result in significant benefits to very wide range of antenna users. ETC believes that the CTHA technology, as we continue to research, develop and engineer the antenna's various characteristics, will nature to provide a new generation of lightweight, low profile antennas suitable for a wide range of military and commercial applications. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Avenue Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4379
Arnis Mangolds SOCOM 98-004 |
| Title: | Bird-Dog Backpackable UGV Reconnaissance |
| Abstract: | Improved situational awareness is a key factor in increasing SOF mission success. A small semi-autonomous robot that can be used from tactically significant standoff distances and carry operationally capable payloads is proposed in the form of Foster-Miller's Bird Dog robot. The Bird Dog is based on the highly successful amphibious Lemming and Sea Dog system developed for DARPA and the NAVSEA for mine and counter-invasion obstacle neutralization. The proposed Bird-Dog is a symmetrically tracked system with a range of up to 9 miles. It is amphibious to 80 ft. depths, is semi-autonomous with an obstacle avoidance system that will permit transit through natural and man-made obstacles such as concertina wire and can carry payloads consisting of either sensors or explosives. The state-of-the-art of the fundamental vehicle is such that mobility and reliability is proven and the technology can now move on to realistic mission packages. The proposed system will carry a digital imaging and a report-back system which will allow the over-watch team to supervise transit on-demand and to collect ground based imagery. A combined GPS and dead reckoning system will provide map information. |
| HDE ROBOTICS GROUP, INC.
201 S. Foch Street Fort Worth, TX 76107 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(817) 870-4629
G. Whitfield Pepper, Jr. SOCOM 98-004 |
| Title: | Quick-Attack/Reconnaissance Remote Vehicle Platform |
| Abstract: | The Quick Attack Reconnaissance Remote Vehicle Platform is a remotely operated vehicle capable of performing combat and physical security missions. The modular platform features quick-change attachments that will accommodate a variety of weapon, video, audio, and bio/chemical sampling systems. The vehicle is able to operate in adverse climates and in rough terrain. The ground speed of the vehicle in good conditions is in excess of 10 miles per hour. The vehicle can be stored in a remote docking station where it can charge its batteries and remain in a passive, standby mode. The unit can be activated and dispatched into service remotely. The vehicle is capable of returning to its station to recharge or replace its power source without needing a human asset being present. This is ideal for protecting remote areas of a facility or to maintain a continuous unmanned battle capability at an installation under chemical attack. The platform will be controlled from a remote location. The control module is easily man-portable and the platform can be deployed by a light vehicle (Suburban, Hummer, etc.). This platform will be quick and agile. It is an efficient means for attacking/defending against enemy vehicles and personnel. |
| IS ROBOTICS, INC.
22 McGrath Highway, Suite 6 Twin City Office Plaza Somerville, MA 02143 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 629-0055
Helen Greiner SOCOM 98-004 |
| Title: | Rovers for Special Forces Applications |
| Abstract: | IS Robotics (ISR) will develop rovers to serve as tools for Special Forces Operators in reconnaissance applications. These outdoor terrain rovers will be small, highly mobile, and support autonomous behaviors. The rovers will act as mobile sensor platforms that will be used to obtain critical data in denied areas. Leveraging on technology already developed at IS Robotics in small, mobile vehicles and embedded intelligence will substantially reduce the cost and time of development. In Phase I, we will modify an existing microrover, developed under DARPA contract, for Special Forces Applications by increasing the man portability, mobility, and telemetry range. The modified FLIP vehicle will be a complete system that can be used in teleoperated scenarios and will provide a testbed for work on autonomous behaviors and intuitive user interfaces. Onboard processing, sensors, and a behavior based control system will allow more autonomous features to be added in the future. The modified vehicle will be made available to and supported for Special Forces field tests in which performance will be evaluated. Input regarding design improvements and additional features from end users will be incorporated into the Phase II development plan. |
| MULTISPECTRAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
202 Perry Parkway, Suite 7 Gaithersburg, MD 20877 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 590-3978
Dr. Robert J. Fontana SOCOM 98-004 |
| Title: | A Novel LPI/D Radar Sensor for Wide Area Surveillance |
| Abstract: | Innovative technologies that offer high performance at very low cost are required for meeting the needs of the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM). Existing sensors (radar, seismis, acoustic, IR) offer limited performance, particularly in missions requiring broad area surveillance. Surveillance through walls and doors may also be desired to assist special operations forces in monitoring activity when visual means are not available. The use of ultra wideband (UWB) radar offers excellent penetration capability without the loss of resolution. Multispectral Solutions, Inc. (MSSI) has developed a very low cost radar technology that can be easily modified to perform surveillance functions. The sensor will operate as a time-gated presence sensor and only objects within a selected range will be detected. These detections will be based upon returned energy levels and not doppler motion. This feature when combined with a low cost CMOS camera output, will substantially reduce nuisance and false alarms. Since UWB waveforms are difficult to detect, the sensors can be used in situations where covertness is required. Under Phase I, MSSI proposes to develop a prototype UWB surveillance sensor for field test and evaluation. Under Phase II, several prototypes will be constructed for use by USSOCOM. |
| REYNOLDS INDUSTRIES SYSTEMS, INC.
3420 Fostoria Way San Ramon, CA 94583 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 866-0650
Herbert J. Mac Donald SOCOM 98-004 |
| Title: | Safe and Arm Chemical Delay for High Shock Environments Without the Use of Primary Explosive |
| Abstract: | A fuze delay function can be achieved in two ways, either electrically or chemically. An electrical fuze delay function uses an in-line electronic S & A, while a chemical delay employs an out-line system. Primary explosives with out-line fuze electronic delay present a safety hazard. Conversely an in-line electronic delay, thus safer, makes use of secondary explosives, which are susceptible to shocks from the projectile launch environment. The object of this program is the realization of a fuze delay function by either using a deflagrating secondary or pyrotechnic explosive. These explosives, when electrically initiated will accelerate a plate (known as a flyer) at supersonic speeds. The ensuing shock wave from the plate will detonate an output secondary explosive. To determine the length of attainable delays, several initiating secondary explosives will be investigated in various design configurations. The most promising design configuration will be fabricated and tested. A general application will be brought forth. |
| SENSYS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
8419 Terminal Road Newington, VA 22122 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 550-7000
Leonard M. Hannon SOCOM 98-004 |
| Title: | Application of wide Band Receiver Architectures to Pulse Repetition Interval (PRI) Specific Emitter Identification (SEID) |
| Abstract: | Specific Emitter Identification (SEID) systems have been implemented using narrow hand receivers with fine grained Pulse Repetition Interval (PRI) analysis. The analysis produces a PRI signature on an emitter such that the same emitter is uniquely distinguished from another of the same type, allowing a user to associate an emitter to a specific platform. Using a narrow band tuner for this analysis isolates the emitter of interest from other signals in the environment ans allows it to be porcessed individually. This step reduces the burden of existing processors so that detailed analysis can be performed. Current state-of-the-art processing and wide band architectures may allow that one or more emitters of interest be analyzed for SEID date at the same time. The analysis may also be performed by processors already tasked to provide other ESM functions. This capability, if added to existing wide band threat warning systems, would strenthen the ESM posture of the host platform without adding any weight, power, size, or additional recurring hardware cost to the platform. The objective is to determine the utility of a wide band radar receiver architecture in performing SEID functions. |
| SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
13766 S. Hawthorne Blvd. Hawthorne, CA 90250 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 679-2281
Jeffrey R. Hogue SOCOM 98-004 |
| Title: | Advanced Special Operations Planning and Rehearsal Parachute Simulation Database Generation |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this project is to develop user-friendly mission planning and rehearsal tools for a low-cost PC based parachute maneuvering simulator. The current version of this simulator has a head-mounted display (virtual reality) and high resolution, textured graphics. It is in use at several military installations for teaching and practicing flight control, navigation and equipment malfunctions procedures. To plan and rehearse specific missions, a swift, straight-forward, affordable procedure must be developed to incorporate digitized real-world data such as terrain, physical features, and coordinated wind fields influencing parachute aerodynamics into a simulation scenario. In Phase I we will develop a process and evaluate the relevant tools for data base generation that will allow average military users to quickly and conveniently prepare parachute simulator visual scenes and wind fields representing realistic situations for mission planning and rehearsal fidelity. The key design criteria are: a) 48hour data turnaround; b) worldwide coverage, c) geodetic and meteorological accuracy; d) real time simulation utility. In Phase II, we will integrate these tools into a working ensemble, including any necessary automation or "bridge" software, create terrain-correlated empirical wind models, and develop a complete syllabus for training users in the database generation process. |
| ADELPHI TECHNOLOGY, INC.
2181 Park Blvd. Palo Alto, CA 94306 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 328-7337
Melvin A. Piestrup BMDO 98-001 |
| Title: | Refractive X-ray Lenses for Directed-Energy Applications |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will develop refractive x-ray lenses for medical, industrial, scientific, and directed-energy applications. Previously, ordinary optical refractive lenses were assumed to not work at x-ray wavelengths because refractive effects were very small. Reflective and grazing angle techniques are usually limited to the soft x-ray region of the spectrum. Recently, multiple small cylindrical holes acting as quasi-lenses have been shown by Adelphi and a another group to focus moderate x-ray energies (8-14 keV). These quasi-lenses have reduced apertures because of the cylindrical shape and x-ray absorption at their thickest parts. We propose to develop a compound refractive lens (CRL) with larger effective apertures capable of operating at harder x-ray wavelengths where medical, industrial and directed energy applications abound. To improve the CRL's gain and achieve shorter focal length CRLs and two-dimensional focusing, we will investigate optimum materials and hole parameters for the lens array and achieve an ideal lens' surface curvature. These refractive optics will have the advantages of small size, in-line operation, better cooling efficiency and fewer perturbations due to surface roughness than conventional grazing-angle x-ray optics. |
| APPLIED PHYSICAL ELECTRONICS, L. C.
12978 NW 90th St. Whitewater, KS 67154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(316) 799-2763
Dr. Jon R. Mayes BMDO 98-001 |
| Title: | Electro-magnetic Flak for Cruise and Sea Skimming Missile Defense |
| Abstract: | The electromagnetic directed energy method (lasers, particle beams, and high power microwaves) of defending against missiles relies on generating a large amount of energy at the defense site, locating the target, and then transporting a large fraction of that energy to the target along a line of sight at the speed of light, to either destroy or destabilize the threat at as long range as possible. Cruise and sea skimming missiles are the most difficult target to intercept at long range with line of sight weapons, such as lasers, beam weapons, and high power microwaves because of the near earth operation. Practical concerns require a hard kill, that is obvious destruction or destabilization of the target, rather than a soft target kill in which the guidance electronics or memory may be impaired, but invisible to the defense system. This proposal addresses these problems by establishing a long range defensive perimeter through delivery of a defensive package to a point near the path of the target missile where the defensive package then generates a repetitive, high power, ultra-wideband, electromagnetic impulse or EM-UWB. The EM generation package can be delivered to the target via inexpensive missile, projectile, or via a UAV. This approach can be termed electro-magnetic flak or EM-Flak and greatly reduces the difficulties in targeting, and in covering a large defensive perimeter and can serve as the first line of defense. These PROPRIETARY, compact Marx circuits can also be installed permanently to form a long range EM-Flak fence around military installations. Therefore, this proposal defines a PROPRIETARY, innovative, compact, relatively inexpensive embodiment of a Marx circuit that has the power to deliver several hundred megawatts of impulse power at tens of kilohertz pulse rate. The same Marx unit can be used as a defensive weapon on fighter aircraft, a jammer on UAV or as the pollution treatment source of corona in modern automobiles. |
| ASTROTERRA CORPORATION
11526 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite A San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 792-8501
Eric Korevaar BMDO 98-001 |
| Title: | Diode-Pumped Atomic Vapor Laser |
| Abstract: | The diode-pumped atomic vapor laser is a novel type of laser which takes advantage of the efficiencies of semiconductor lasers to provide a compact, efficient laser source capable of high power at blue and ultraviolet wavelengths, as well as red and infrared. In this laser, two semiconductor lasers at different wavelengths are used to excite atoms in a vapor cell to a high energy state. Photons are emitted when the atoms return to a lower state. Placing the cell in an optical resonant cavity produces a laser. The primary objective of this research is to demonstrate the principle of a diode-pumped atomic vapor laser by building a 761 nm laser using a cesium vapor cell with 852 nm and 794 nm semiconductor lasers for pumping. Measurements will be made of peak power, efficiency, and beam quality. After initial measurements are made, further tuning and measurements will be done to optimize the results. Once this is successful, preliminary work will begin on modifying the setup to produce a blue, UV, or mid-infrared laser. |
| ENERGY SCIENCE LABORATORIES, INC.
6888 Nancy Ridge Drive San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 552-2034
Timothy R. Knowles BMDO 98-001 |
| Title: | Lightweight Beam Dump |
| Abstract: | Beam dumps are necessary for absorbing excess power clipped from the beam for shaping it or for protecting structural components. Beam dumps used for megawatt-class lasers are large and can weigh tons. Current government programs aim to demonstrate high power laser operation in airborne and space-based platforms, where weight reduction of all components, including beam dumps, is critical. This project develops lightweight and compact beam dumps that are suited for flight as well as for terrestrial applications where dumps are rapidly moved into the beam. The design concept uses an innovative absorber coating that reduces the need for bulky cavities. High enthalpy materials are used for passive thermal control to eliminate the need for active cooling. Faster thermal recovery is anticipated. Phase l will fabricate and test materials coupons to investigate concept feasibility, materials will be offered for high power testing at outside laboratories, and a subscale demonstration component will be fabricated. Phase 2 would further develop the concept and fabricate prototype beam dump hardware for qualification and use in technology demonstrator programs. |
| FARR RESEARCH, INC.
614 Paseo Del Mar NE Albuquerque, NM 87123 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 293-3886
Everett G. Farr BMDO 98-001 |
| Title: | High-Voltage, High Rep-Rate UWB Source with Ferroelectric Trigger |
| Abstract: | We propose here a ferroelectric trigger for a UWB source with high voltages and operated at high rep rate. This trigger will be simpler and more reliable than existing designs, and will be implemented at lower cost. In addition, this trigger will allow operation at much higher rep rates than existing designs. Finally, the proposed switch will have a lower jitter than competing designs. During Phase I we will carry out an experimental program to demonstrate the feasibility of the trigger design. These experiments will be carried out at lower voltages and gas pressures than the final design, but they will be sufficient to demonstrate the principle. We will also design a suitable antenna to radiate the field, and we will estimate the field radiated from the combination source and antenna. The final product with be an integrated source and antenna with characteristics superior to those currently available. |
| HY-TECH RESEARCH CORPORATION
104 Centre Court Radford, VA 24141 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 639-4019
Edward J. Yadlowsky, PhD BMDO 98-001 |
| Title: | Development of a Soft X-ray Laser At 45 A Using A Z-Pinch Discharge To Photopump A1 XII With Si XIII |
| Abstract: | The broad applicability of soft x-ray lasers to metallurgy, dense plasma diagnostics, nano/micro lithography, study of biological cells, and directed energy weapons has prompted a widespread search for lasing media. Gain has been demonstrated in plasma Droduced by large high Dower optical laser systems and pulse power Z pinch systems or in smaller capillary discharges which have a limited energy output. The resonant photo excitation of helium like A1 ions by helium like Si ions is proposed to generate soft x-rays at 45 A. A novel technique will be used to generate the required two component plasma using a pulse power discharge. A coaxial geometry will be used to efficiently pump the A1 lasant surrounding the Si pump. This geometry is expected to reduce requirements on the pulse power system making low cost soft x-ray lasers possible. |
| IONIC SYSTEMS INC.
1400 N. Shoreline Blvd. Bldg. A-4 Mountain View, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 961-4800
Ronald M. Kubacki BMDO 98-001 |
| Title: | Plasma Deposited Photo-Oxidated Organosilicon Polymer to Produce Etch-Free, On-Chip, Low Loss, High Density, Optical Waveguides |
| Abstract: | Research indicates that optical losses with current waveguides are several times worse than fiber optical cables. Development of an on chip waveguide is hampered by evidence that etch generated sidewall damage causes interface scattering and is a major factor in reduced signal propogation. On-chip waveguides must integrate with a variety of device types and process conditions. For example, gallium arsenide based opto-electronic devices are sensitive to heat and plasma or dry etching. When process and device issues, such as building coupling structures, are viewed together, it is evident that the major hurtles to optical interconnect are practical process/material integration issues. Ionic Systems has over five years experience with room temperature plasma deposited low cost, organosilicon photo-oxidated compounds. We propose to take advantage of the index of refraction changes in the exposed and unexposed material to fabricate on-chip waveguides with no subsequent etching. This method of on-chip optical fabrication provides potential elimination of multiple deposition and patterning steps, and the waveguide thus generated will have excellent optical boundaries eliminating or drastically reducing losses during optical propagation. The terms high performance, low loss, and etch free are inseparable for this process. The variable index of refraction makes a new class of optical devices possible for integration of optical components such as prisms or gratings in the beam waveguide itself. |
| KESTREL CORPORATION
6624 Gulton Court NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 345-2327
Dr. L. John Otten III BMDO 98-001 |
| Title: | Atmospheric Turbulence Measurement System |
| Abstract: | In this Phase I SBIR a totally new, non intrusive optical method for making fundamental atmospheric turbulence measurements will be investigated. A correlation between the movement of a pair of thin beams is used to define the inner and outer scale size independent of any assumed turbulence model and to calculate the index of refraction coefficient. During the effort, extensions will be made to the underlying theory to adapt it to upper atmosphere ambient conditions and to determine the effect of a moving measurement platform. Once completed the models will be exercised to define the usable operating envelope. A set of laboratory experiments will then be accomplished that demonstrate the application of the technique to a moving platform and to demonstrate its use as a three dimensional measurement tool. From these results two conceptual designs for a dual thin beam atmospheric turbulence measurement system will be completed; one will operate from a balloon platform, the other from an aircraft. |
| LICOM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
200 Innovation Blvd. Suite 236 State College, PA 16803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 234-4012
Edward J. Novitsky BMDO 98-001 |
| Title: | Polarization Rotator Based on Chiral Smectic Liquid Crystals Utilizing Electroclinic Effect |
| Abstract: | The use of fast switching liquid crystals will be used to make an electrically controlled polarization rotator capable of rotating input polarized light by as much as 90 degrees. The principle of operation is based on an electrically controlled liquid crystal element that behaves essentially as a rotatable half wave plate. The focus of the work will be on characterizing the effectiveness of the electroclinic effect in chiral smectic liquid crystals with respect to its switching speed and polarization capabilities. The targeted goal would be to make a reliable liquid crystal component that can be used as a stand alone device or as a building block for more complex optical systems. |
| REYTECH, INC.
63140 Britta Street, C-100 Bend, OR 97701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(541) 330-2370
Thomas A. Reynolds BMDO 98-001 |
| Title: | A New Family of Optical Materials for High Power Optical Frequency Conversion |
| Abstract: | This Phase I Small Business Innovation Research project aims to develop a novel and highly versatile family of NLO crystals that may overcome the limitations of conventional technology. These materials are multifunctional and exhibit a number of unique properties that include, high nonlinearities, high damage thresholds, wide transparency range, are non-hygroscopic, and melt congruently. The unique structure type affords broad crystal engineering capabilities for tuning properties such as acceptance angles, birefringence, damage thresholds, and temperature bandwidths. In Phase I, ReyTech, Inc., will demonstrate feasibility by preparing small optical quality crystals and evaluate their optical properties. The most promising of these materials will be optimized in Phase II, in preparation for Phase III commercialization. The need for new optical materials is clearly evident from the substantial amount of time and money being devoted to this research by industry and government agencies. Although many NLO materials have been developed for specific applications, emerging technologies require new optical materials with specific properties. Essential to the growth of the photonics industry is the development of new laser materials and nonlinear optical (NLO) materials. |
| SPECTRAGEN, INC.
1700 S. Mount Prospect Road #636B Des Plaines, IL 60018 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(847) 699-5850
Richard Jarman BMDO 98-001 |
| Title: | Low-Loss, Transition-Metal Doped Zinc Chalcogenide Crystals for Near- and Mid-Infrared Solid-State Lasers |
| Abstract: | This proposal seeks to grow crystals of Cr:ZnSe and Co:ZnSe which will have low optical loss, using commercially available ZnSe substrates and thermal indiffusion of the dopant ions. Currently, there are no commercial suppliers of these-crystals which are excellent candidates for direct near-IR and mid-IR tunable, compact, diode-pumpable laser sources; of which, there are none currently available. The specific objectives are: 1, establish reaction conditions necessary for growth of low-loss Cr:ZnSe; 2, optimize dopant concentration by spectroscopic analysis, and characterize laser performance; 3, establish reaction conditions necessary for growth of Co:ZnSe; 4, Characterize spectroscopy of Co2+ in this material. Commercially available ZnSe single crystals will be used as starting materials, into which Cr2+ and Co2+ ions will be doped by thermal indiffusion from sources of Cr and Co in sealed vessels. Reaction variables such as temperature and time will be manipulated to determine the optimum conditions. Fluorescence spectra will be used to establish optimum doping levels. Laser operation will be demonstrated in the Cr:ZnSe using an existing pump source and cavity optics which were developed specifically for these materials. |
| TAMEK HITECH. INC.
1001 Fourth Avenue Plaza, Suite 3200 Seattle, WA 98154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(253) 853-5852
Alexander M. Tolopa BMDO 98-001 |
| Title: | High-Power Metal Ion Beam Source |
| Abstract: | The novel technique for metal (from Me^1+ to W^6+, Ta^6+) High-Power Ion Beam (HPIB) generation at accelerating voltages U=10-120 kV, ion currents I=5-20 kA, and pulse duration t=0.5-10 µs with the surface energy input dW=1-100 J/cm^2 will be designed during Phase I. In the reversed voltage mode such source generates an electron beam with currents I<60 kA. The compact (~1 m^3) source will generate HPIB with large spot-area (10-2000 cm^2). Metal HPIB generation, propagation and steering, charge neutralization, interaction with materials will be investigated, and lower HPIB energies required for surface modification will be determined in Phase II. Low voltage sources will be more convenient for industrial application. After HPIB irradiation metal microhardness can be increased in layers up to 150 µm thick with the rest target bulk keeping cold. Simultaneously, surface wear, erosion and corrosion resistance are improved also. Especially important that metal HPIB may be applied for treatment of small size and precision tools, e.g. blades, drills, dies, cutters with diameter smaller than 1-3 mm which are difficult to treat by other techniques. Main application of this program is to improve critical surface parts of space and missile structures. This technique may be also used for simulation of the EMP irradiation on the electronic devices, X-ray generation, even it may be placed at the airplanes and spacecraft for different experiments. |
| VANGUARD RESEARCH, INC.
10400 Eaton Place, Suite 450 Fairfax, VA 22030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 998-1920
Robert D. Sears BMDO 98-001 |
| Title: | Directed Energy Concepts and Components |
| Abstract: | This proposal addresses the problem of utilizing spatial -hyperspectral imaging capabilities of space-borne sensors to detect and characterize regions of atmospheric turbulence and cirrus cloud clutter which may impact employment and/or performance of space based laser and airborne high energy laser weapons systems. Our concept for worldwide detection, characterization and mapping of atmospheric turbulence and cirrus clouds includes spectral and hyperspectral imagers operated in the W to MWIR spectral range in a virtual triangulation geometry. Spectral and hyperspectral imagery allows altitude sounding of atmospheric clutter from turbulence and cirrus clouds. Triangulation geometry allows precise altitude selection by cross correlation of the backscatter signals. The combination of altitude and Fourier-space background spectral discrimination will provide an altitude resolved measurement of atmospheric clutter from clear air turbulence and from cirrus clouds, both of which may affect performance of the SBL (Space Based Laser) and the Airborne Laser (ABL) systems. |
| APT AEROSPACE, INC.
3850 Topsail Drive Colorado Springs, CO 80918 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 531-7537
Ronald W. Humble BMDO 98-002 |
| Title: | Advanced Composite Structures Using a Dicyclopentadiene Based Polymer Resin System |
| Abstract: | BMDO has identified a need for high performance structures and propellant tanks for use in Kinetic Energy Kill (KEK) vehicles. APT Aerospace, Inc. has developed a unique system for polymerizing DiCycloPentaDiene (DCPD) monomer into a robust polymer suitable for many aerospace applications. This polymer has many excellent properties, including: high strength, amenable to fiber reinforcement, high impact strength and toughness, corrosion resistance, surface treatment with halogens, low monomer viscosity, low cost and good availability of the monomer, low outgassing, and is readily machineable. In addition, we propose to develop a new fiber reinforcement approach using Vapor Grown Carbon Fibers (VGCF). These fibers are micron sized, are extremely strong, and have high thermal conductivity. Because they can be easily mixed with polyDCPD, manufacturing can be simplified as compared with conventional fiber reinforced manufacturing. The high thermal conductivity means that composite parts will be very useful for high temperature and ablative structural applications such as for heat shields and rocket nozzles. |
| KB SCIENCES, INC.
3850 Topsail Drive Colorado Springs, CO 80918 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 531-7537
Ronald W. Humble BMDO 98-002 |
| Title: | Advanced, Non-Toxic, Bipropellant Rocket Engines Using Hypergolic Miscible Propellants |
| Abstract: | The DOD needs new rocket systems to support Kinetic-Energy-Kill Vehicle development, primarily in the areas of vehicle-divert and vehicle-boost. Conventional rocket approaches use solid propellants or hydrazine based systems. Solid rocket based systems are very inefficient and have extreme technical challenges in the area of hot-gas valving. Developing new hydrazine systems is becoming very difficult and expensive because of environmental/toxicity concerns. As an alternative, rocket grade hydrogen peroxide (RGHP) and an hypergolic fuel, using conventional non-toxic hypergolic miscible fuels (i.e. alcohols and ketones) with a homogenous catalyst, gives higher performance than solids, equivalent performance with hydrazine bipropellants and avoids the many technical and environmental difficulties of both conventional alternatives. In fact, the combustion temperature of these propellants is substantially lower than hydrazine bipropellants, making development and fabrication simpler. We propose looking at the development of a family of engine systems using these propellants. We have a good approach for doing this development. In particular, we will look at injector, cooling, and manufacturing issues. |
| MOUNTAIN AIRCRAFT COMPANY
1252 #B Poplar Avenue Sunnyvale, CA 94086 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 720-1181
James Grote BMDO 98-002 |
| Title: | Hydrogen Peroxide-Alcohol/Catalyst Bipropellant Rocket Engine |
| Abstract: | Mountain Aircraft Company proposes to design, develop and test a 150 Ibf hypergolic rocket engine which uses hydrogen peroxide oxidizer and non-toxic homogeneous miscible (alcohol based) fuel. The purpose of the tests will be to characterize the engine design, the performance and thermal properties of the engine using propellants and catalysts developed by and supplied by personnel from the Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division (NAWCWD), China Lake. This test program will build on the successful initial tests done using this propellant on small, subscale (15 Ibf) engines at the HMX Corporation test facility in Mojave CA, under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) between the NAWCWD and HMX Corp., and will serve to characterize and establish the basic design approach for a larger, 1000 - 1500 Ibf engine to be developed in Phase II. |
| PRAGMATIC RESEARCH
688 N. Hedgecock Sq. Satellite Beach, FL 32937 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 777-3444
George R. Legters, Ph. D. BMDO 98-002 |
| Title: | Cluster Image Tracker for Spinning Focal-Plane |
| Abstract: | Given current gate array and/or microcontroller technologies, design a hardware processor which converts scanned focal plane target cluster images into a target track-file. The processor should handle target clusters as seen by a 480 Hz field rate focal plane rotating at 30 Hz. This processor should eventually fit onto a custom ASIC chip, if current single chip microcontrollers are not up to the task. A computer simulation will be developed to validate the multiple area-of-interest Kalman filter tracking algorithm. If time permits, hardware will be constructed and tested using simulated rotating target images displayed on a computer monitor. |
| X-L SPACE SYSTEMS
P.O. Box 607 Grimes, IA 50111 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(515) 986-4321
Michael J. Carden BMDO 98-002 |
| Title: | Concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide by Ambient Evaporation |
| Abstract: | X-L Space Systems proposes to build a new type of hydrogen peroxide concentrator for shipboard processing of dilute hydrogen peroxide into High Test Peroxide, suitable for use in the Theater Ballistic Missile Defense (TBMD) system, subsurface propulsion, and Coherent Oxygen-Iodine (COIL) Laser applications. This new process has been proven to work in a proof-of-concept device. The basic design of this evaporative device lends itself to simple operation and maint-enance. The unit automatically draws dilute hydrogen peroxide, processes it, and pumps it to a concentrate tank all without operator intervention or monitoring. This in direct contrast with cur t methods of peroxide concentrating, which require a heavy operator workload. |
| ASTROTERRA CORPORATION
11526 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite A San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 792-8501
Ron Stieger BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Photon Counting Communication Sensor |
| Abstract: | The objective of this research is to investigate the use of photon-counting avalanche photodiodes as a laser communication sensor. This detector technology allows reduction of the received optical power. The system will also incorporate a cesium atomic line filter to eliminate background light and a wavelength locked communication laser matched to the atomic line filter. This configuration will enable use of the extremely high gain of photon-counting avalanche photodiodes by reducing noise generated by background light. Conventional avalanche photodiodes utilize a lower gain and higher signal levels to provide an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio. The proposed detector will also require an innovative signal processing system to recover the received data. The photon-counting APD will output a pulse if a single photon is detected, if multiple photons are detected, or if a dark count event occurs, when no photons were detected. For this reason, the signal pulse will need to be divided into "bins," and the state of the input will be determined by how many bins contained detected photons. By contrast, conventional APDs have an analog output signal, and the decision process is based on the relative level of the output signal. This design is expected to produce an additional 12 dB of sensitivity over conventional avalanche photodiode technologies. |
| ASTROTERRA CORPORATION
11526 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite A San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 792-8501
Scott Bloom BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Picocellular Hybris Optical/RF Communications System |
| Abstract: | The ultimate objective of this research is to develop a low cost, high bandwidth, quickly deployable communications system. The system relies on 10-20 Mbps RF communications within a 100 m diameter cell size. The cells are interconnected with 622, Mbps optical crosslinks. The critical technology in making these cross links feasible with low installation cost is that they be self-aligning. In this Phase I SBIR we will demonstrate that we can design and build a self-aligning, reliable, all weather 100 m optical crosslink at low cost. In order to make the links self-aligning we will use a high peak power, low duty cycle infrared pulsed diode laser for a beacon signal. The detection will be performed with a simple quad cell tracker. Investigations of the optimal scanning algorithms will be performed. In addition, since the beacon laser is pulsed, range information for each base station node can be determined. We will investigate using this information along with encoder angle pointing information to permit very rapid alignment of new base station nodes into an existing mesh of base stations. |
| BREWER SCIENCE, INC.
2401 Brewer Drive, P.O. Box GG Rolla, MO 65401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(573) 364-0300
Dr. Douglas Guerrero BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Development of Uncooled Microbolometer Arrays for IR Imaging |
| Abstract: | Ion-implanted, thin polymer films exhibit a large temperature coefficient of resistance which suggests their application in microbolometer arrays used for infrared ( IR) imaging and temperature mapping. Compared to current microbolometer designs which require a series of difficult deposition steps, an ion-implanted polymer-based device requires only a single layer which can be applied by spin coating and then, after ion implantation, can be easily patterned by plasma etching. Freestanding microbolometers can be prepared by simple sacrificial layer processes to increase thermal isolation and improve device sensitivity. In Phase I, we will fabricate planar microbolometer arrays using an ion--implanted polymer film as the active device material. The arrays will be characterized against specific physical and electrical design criteria with a goal of optimizing a test structure that can be use in a prototype IR imaging device. Two key electrical parameters, resistivity and TCR, Will be optimized to ultimately provide high sensitivity, response, resolution, and stability. Ion-implanted polymer microbolometers potentially offer greater sensitivity than current designs because of their low thermal mass and superior heat capacity and thermal conductivity properties. These features combined with the simple fabrication requirements open the possibility for producing low cost, uncooled IR focal plane detector arrays for a variety of military and civilian applications. |
| CLEVELAND CRYSTALS, INC.
19306 Redwood Avenue Cleveland, OH 44110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(440) 461-1384
Jon R. Leist BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | CdSe - - A Broadband Nuclear Detector Material |
| Abstract: | CdSe, a wide bandgap semiconductor, combining high resistivity, good carrier trans-port properties, and large average Z number is ideal for use as a room-temperature x-ray and y-ray detector. In the x-ray regime, the large bandgap (-1.7 eV) of GdSe eliminates the need to cool the crystal in order to reduce thermal noise. Si and Ge detectors must be cryogenically cooled, which precludes their use in portable systems. CdSe is a promising alternative to CdTe and HgI2 y-ray detectors. CdSe detectors exhibit no polari-zation under bias in contrast to the high resistivity Cl-doped CdTe; they are also superior to HgI2 in terms of carrier mobilities as well as thermal. chemical, and mechanical stability. However, the presence of electron traps in CdSe due to Cu and Ag impurities is the limiting factor responsible for preventing its use as a room-temperature nuclear radiation detector. During Phase I, improved purity and resistivity CdSe would be grown. The goal would be at least two orders of magnitude improvement in these properties. The resistivity, mobility-lifetime products, and impurity levels of the material would be characterized for use in nuclear radiation detectors. Detectors would be fabricated and evaluated in terms of energy resolution and counting efficiency. Phase II would target continued material improvements along with contacting and fabrication issues unique to CdSe. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
655 Aspen Ridge Dr. Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Robert C. Stoneman BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Multi-Function Eyesafe Diode-Pumped Solid-State Laser Source |
| Abstract: | Coherent Technologies, Inc. proposes to develop an eyesafe diode-pumped solid-state laser source with multi-functional capabilities and significantly reduced weight, volume, and prime power requirements compared with existing systems. The low weight, small size, and high efficiency of the system, resulting from a novel design with dramatically reduced cooling requirements compared with existing eyesafe transmitters, make it suitable for airborne and spaceborne applications and other environments for which compactness is required. The laser transmitter, operating in the eyesafe band with excellent atmospheric transmission, delivers Q-switched pulses with an average optical power of 10 W while consuming only 200 W of prime power (i.e. 5 % wallplug efficiency). Multi-functional operation, with hard target range and microdoppler (vibration) measurement capabilities, is made possible by the low intrinsic heat load in the laser medium. The low heat load allows variation of the laser pulse repetition frequency over wide ranges, including operation at 50 mJ pulse energy at a pulse repetition frequency of 200 Hz, and single-shot "pulse-on-demand" operation. In contrast to existing eyesafe laser systems, the reduced cooling requirement in the proposed system eliminates the need for liquid coolants. The modular, fiber-pumped, low heat-load design results in a compact low-weight laser head. |
| CREARE, INC.
Etna Road, P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. Michael G. Izenson BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Compact, Reliable Compressor For Closed-Cycle JT Cryocoolers |
| Abstract: | Cryogenically cooled, infrared sensors are a vital component in military targeting and guidance systems. Existing coolers cannot meet the needs of future systems, particularly in applications where high reliability, continuous cooling, and rapid cooldown are essential. We propose an innovative compressor that will enable closed cycle Joule-Thomson (JT) cryocoolers to operate reliably and efficiently while providing fast cooling for IR sensors. In Phase I we will prove the feasibility of the compressor by building and testing a prototypical drive system, demonstrating the compression performance, and identifying by test the optimal refrigerant for the JT cycle. In Phase II we will build a complete prototype compressor and demonstrate its operation as part of a cryogenic cooling system. |
| DATA FUSION CORPORATION
9035 Wadsworth Parkway, Suite 1260 Westminster, CO 80021 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 421-7994
Dr. Wolfgang Kober BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Sensors (Microwave) |
| Abstract: | Data Fusion Corporation (DFC) and Technology Service Corporation (TSC) propose to develop a novel, cost-effective solution to building radar systems. This system uses multiple cheaper, lower-PRF transmitters to create the equivalent of a more expensive higher-PRF system. In addition to achieving the cost advantages of not requiring the more expensive Gridded Traveling Wave Tubes (GTWTs) to achieve higher-PRFs, the proposed transmitter system will also reap the porcessing ambiguity--related benefits of both lower-PRF and higher-PRF systems simultaneously. |
| GENEX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
10605 Concord Street, Suite 500 Kensington, MD 20895 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 571-5191
Dr. Z. Jason Geng BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | A High-Speed Full Frame Laser 3D Imager |
| Abstract: | High-speed three-dimensional (3D) imaging of objects and targets is a very important functionality of advanced sensor systems in both military and civilian applications. This capability can provide many BMDO systems with a leapfrog performance advance in target detection, identification, classification, tracking, and kill determination. The 3D imaging techniques also have enormous commercial market, ranging from 3D TV, virtual reality, 3D modeling and simulation, Internet, industrial inspection, vehicle navigation, robotics and teleoperation, to medical imaging, dental measurement, appeal and footwear industries. Although many 3D imaging techniques have been developed in the past, most of them can only provide 3D measurement of single point or single line on objects, in one measurement. None of 3D imaging systems currently available on the market can provide "snap-shot" full-frame ID images in real-time at a video rate. These systems therefore can not be used in high-speed 3D imaging applications. This proposed SBIR effort-seeks to provide a leapfrog advance for scanning laser based 3D imaging technology. The approach we proposed, dubbed as the Double Flash 3D (DF3D) Imager, is able to acquire full-frame 3D images of objects in a scene at CCD camera's frame rate (30 fps or faster), a capability that no other 3D imaging sensor can provide presently. |
| INNOVATIVE RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
843 Yale Street Santa Monica, CA 90403 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 828-4538
Dr. W. A. Peebles BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Sparse Array Radiometric Imaging (SARI) using an Electronic Mirror |
| Abstract: | A high resolution, millimeter-wave radiometric imaging system with the ability to penetrate obscurants (rain, clouds, dust, sand and smoke) is a highly attractive surveillance tool with broad application to satellite, uninhabited aerial vehicle (UAV) and other military and commercial platforms. Achievement of such a system through application of conventional interferometric or sparse aperture techniques has been shown impractical for many potential applications. This is due to the inherent difficulty of simultaneously satisfying field of view (FOV) and image quality requirements while also maintaining acceptable weight, power and computational limits - this is especially true for satellites and UAV platforms. In response, IR&T has developed an innovative solution to this severe limitation through the use of an "electronic mirror". The Phase I/II Program will demonstrate, for the first time, the new concept of a beam-steerable, sparse array imaging interferometer for application to millimeter-wave radiometric imaging. The electronic mirror allows fewer, higher gain elements thereby reducing the overall antenna weight, power consumption and data analysis complexity. The electronic mirror provides the necessary control to increase the FOV while also providing flexibility to optimize image acquisition and quality in varying weather and tactical situations. The electronic mirror consists of an array of monolithic, solid-state, varactor diodes together with antennas and bias lines. The incident electromagnetic wave is steered through a progressive phase shift introduced across the array through a simple bias voltage. Monolithic fabrication results in the low-cost, high reliability essential for both the proposed military as well as commercial applications. |
| LIGHTWAVE ELECTRONICS CORPORATION
1161 San Antonio Road Mountain View, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 526-1281
Lawrence E. Myers BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Solid-state UV/Visible Laser Sources Using PPLT |
| Abstract: | Frequency up-conversion of diode-pumped solid-state lasers is an important means of ultraviolet and visible light generation. Efficient conversion of these low-peak-power lasers in the IR and visible range has been significantly improved by the emerging material periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN). However, PPLN is not transparent below 350 nm. In this Phase 1 program, we will develop the material periodically poled lithium tantalate (PPLT). This material is similar to PPLN but it has transparency down to <280 nm. This material will combine the high gain, engineerable properties, and substrate quality found in PPLN with operation in the important spectral around 300-350 nm. The long-range goal is to develop sources in the 260-360 nm range with power levels around 100 mW and packaging suitable for inclusion in sensor systems and other commercial instruments. The specific demonstration undertaken in this Phase I effort will involve frequency conversion of diode-pumped solid-state Nd:crystal lasers. The approach is also compatible with direct frequency conversion of diode lasers. These W sources will have the capability to replace existing gas laser technologies with substantial improvements in efficiency, compactness, reliability, and cost resulting in improved performance and utility of biomedical instruments. |
| M & D TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
9 Renfro Road Somerset, NJ 08873 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(908) 271-9090
Shaohua Liang BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Smart Sensors for Imaging Applications |
| Abstract: | ZnO material is a wide bandgap semiconductor and a piezoelectric material as well. ZnO is compatible with current Si process technology. Large area, high quality ZnO films can be deposited by MOCVD technique on various substrates, such as sapphire and Si at low growth temperature. We propose to develop a new smart sensor technology by integration of multifunctional ZnO sensors with Si IC for imaging applications. In this Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project, we propose to grow high quality, epitaxial ZnO films on sapphire substrates using advanced MOCVD technique at low growth temperature. ZnO MSM and Schottky type of photodetectors and photodetector arrays will be fabricated and characterized. P-type doping of ZnO films using N ions will be investigated as well in proposed Phase I program. Our Phase II efforts will be focused on the smart sensors by integration of the ZnO sensor with Si IC. We plan to commercialize the ZnO smart sensors in Phase III. Low power, portable, compact, multifunctional, monolithic ZnO smart sensor arrays (integrated with Si IC) are the optimum goal of the proposed work. The success of the project will enhance US defense capability and broaden sensor commercial market. |
| MATERIALS MODIFICATION, INC.
2929 Eskridge Road, P-1, Eskridge Center Fairfax, VA 22031 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 560-1371
M.S. Krupashankara BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Rapid Near Net Shape Processing of Transparent ALON Windows and Domes |
| Abstract: | Infrared transparent domes for missiles require a multi-mode system
of electromagnetic guidance. In recent-years efforts have been
concentrated on maximizing the resolution of such detector materials and
provide sensor guidance systems between the W. visible and the mid IR
ranges. With a higher thermal shock resistance than any available optical
material, sapphire is the material of choice, but displays optical
anisotropy, which leads to significant scatter. Aluminum oxy-nitride based
optical materials are its ideal replacement, since it has a cubic
symmetry, which results in isotropic properties and displays ~>80% in
line transmission in the visible and near infrared regions (0.3um -
5.0um). Unfortunately, AlON suffers from compositional inhomogeneity due to
incomplete reactive sintering, and unstable mechanical properties
resulting from catastrophic grain growth owing to high sintering times
(20-100 hours). In this Phase I effort MMI proposes to synthesize
gamnsa-AlON and consolidate near net shapes to full densities in less than 5
minutes. The consolidated part will further be polished to a
roughness of |
| MITCHELL/STIRLING
151 Alvarado Rd. Berkeley, CA 94705 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 845-2528
Matthew P. Mitchell BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Dynamic Heat Exchanger for Pulse Tube Cryocooler |
| Abstract: | Pulse tube cryocoolers are the cutting edge of regenerative cryocooler development. A series of recent improvements (the orifice, various bypass arrangements) have brought pulse tube cooler performance into the range of Stirling and Gifford-McMahon coolers. A bi-directional Ranque/Hilsch vortex tube performs the functions of both heat-rejecting heat exchanger and orifice, offering further improvement in pulse tube performance. The bi-directional double Ranque/Hilsch vortex tube uses work that otherwise would be wasted in the pulse tube cooler's orifice to refrigerate the warm end of the pulse tube. The resulting temperature drop translates to an improvement in cooler capacity, efficiency and attainable no-load temperature. This novel device is simple, rugged and inexpensive; it has no moving parts. Preliminary experimental work demonstrates that a bi-directional Ranque/Hilsch vortex tube can be fabricated. Computer modeling shows that reduction of the heat -rejection temperature at the warm end of a pulse tube improves cooler performance, with greater improvement under higher load conditions. The technical challenge is to understand and optimize the relationship between vortex tube component dimensions and fluid flow requirements of a pulse tube cooler so as to achieve maximum performance improvement. |
| NANOMATERIALS RESEARCH CORPORATION
2849 East Elvira Rd Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 294-7115
Tapesh Yadav, Ph.D. BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Band-gap Engineered Visible Radiation Sensors |
| Abstract: | Visible radiation detectors are enabling technology and are the basis for many military and commercial applications either in use or as proposed. Conventional sensors based on properties of Il-VI compounds are unfortunately temperature sensitive, time varying, and slow. This program seeks to overcome these limitations by developing visible radiation sensors from proprietary nanostructured materials. During Phase I, Nanomaterials Research Corporation (NRC) will demonstrate the proof-of--concept. Phase 11 will develop, optimize and field test prototype visible radiation sensors. Phase 111 will commercialize the technology. |
| NZ APPLIED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
8-A, Gill St. Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 935-0300
Dr. Long De Zhu BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Integrated Focal Plane Imaging Sensors Sensitive in 200-300 nm UV Band |
| Abstract: | An approach exploring a new novel wide bandgap semiconductor instead of AlGaN for solar blind UV detectors and imaging sensors sensitive in 200-300 nm wavelengths is proposed. The excellent properties of the new material such as bandgap cut-off wavelength of 281 nm, tunability of the bandgap, high resistivity and transparency in visible spectrum hold promise for successful fabrication of UV detectors. Al-free nature of the crystal could alleviates the problems associated with Al0,5GaO,5N. Growth of the novel crystal on Si(l 11) substrate via an intermediate 3C-SiC(l 11) offers advantages in terms of low cost, large area as well as the prospect of monolithic integration of the sensors with Si IC and SiC devices. The exact lattice match of the new material with SiC promises growth of detector quality material. Availability of n- and p-type conducting p-SiC film on silicon permits design of the sensors with vertical configuration. In Phase I, attention will be focused on growth of the new crystal on 3C-SiC(lll)/Si(lll) substrate and estimation of the feasibility of the UV detectors. |
| OPTICAL E.T.C., INC.
3077-K Leeman Ferry Rd. Huntsville, AL 35801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(205) 880-8207
R. Barry Johnson BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Affordable, High-Performance Infrared Resistive Array Technology for the Stimualtion of Infrared Targets and Scenes in a Test and Evaluation Environme |
| Abstract: | For over two decades, researchers have investigated a wide variety of technologies for use as a real-time infrared scene generator. The key element necessary to develop a practical and cost effective infrared scene projector for test and evaluation of infrared sensors and seekers is a real-time thermal infrared scene generation device. During the past several years, the most promising technology to meet the myriad of infrared scene projection applications appears to be the silicon micromachined resistive -array approach where each thermal pixel is created by a micro-scale resistor. The principal objectives of this proposed effort by Optical E.T.C., Inc. (OETC) are to (I) investigate alternative technologies that could lead to the fabrication of affordable, rugged, uniform, and efficient high-performance emissive resistive thermal pixel arrays (TPA) and (2) begin exploring the potential for joining together multiple TPAs to produce a larger format TPA. The baseline TPA architecture to be considered will be based upon planar silicon micromachined CMOS technology. This research is relevant to the development of TPA technology for inclusion in a cost-effective high-fidelity, real-time infrared scene projector as an element of infrared sensor/seeker test and evaluation at Government and various commercial facilities. |
| OPTIVISION, INC.
3450 Hillview Ave. Palo Alto, CA 94394 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 855-0225
Dr. Richard A. Hill BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | High Dynamic Range, Wide Bandwith Photodetectors |
| Abstract: | Wide bandwidth, high dynamic range photodetectors are required for a variety of military and commercial applications, including high dynamic range optical links and photonically controlled phased array radar antennas. To meet this need, Optivision proposes to design and develop photodetectors capable of high speed, high power operation. These detectors will be capable of delivering several watts of RF power without the need for external microwave amplifiers and the associated complexities. In addition, the development of a linear, high speed, high power photodetector will greatly increase the achievable dynamic range of photonic analog links. The approach utilized to realize these devices relies on the combination of multiple high speed detectors and a suitable network following the detectors to effectively sum the individual photocurrents or detected power without affecting the high speed performance of the devices. This approach allows the use of conventional high speed detectors and avoids saturation effects by distributing the incident optical power over multiple devices. During the Phase I effort Optivision will: (1) investigate government and commercial applications requirements, (2) theoretically model various device architectures, (3) compare the feasibility of different design approaches, (4) fabricate and test a prototype device, and (5) perform a high level design for a device to be built during the Phase II effort. |
| PHYSICS INNOVATIONS, INC.
P.O. Box 2171 Inver Grove Heigh, MN 55076 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(612) 455-0565
Cornell S.L. Chun BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Microscale waveplates for infrared imaging |
| Abstract: | When light radiates from the surface of a man-made object, the radiation is often polarized. The polarization components contain information about the spatial orientation of the surface elements. The polarization components may also reveal the material and surface roughness of the surface elements. Researchers have recognized the potential usefulness of imaging polarization data for target detection and identification. However, only recently has the imaging of polarization data in real time been practical. Physics Innovations Inc. has developed a thermal imaging sensor which images intensity and linear polarization data. In the proposed project, we will develop novel microscale waveplates and sensors which will image, in real time, circular polarization data. Circular polarization imaging is complementary to linear polarization imaging. When radiation, from the smooth surface of a man-made object, is primarily thermal emission, then linear polarization is significant. When the radiation is primarily reflection off the surface, then circular polarization is expected to be significant. The proposed sensor can be compact and would be suitable for use for target discrimination in ballistic missile defense systems. This sensor also has applications in synthetic vision for aircraft and automobiles, remote sensing, and quality inspection in circuit board manufacturing. |
| POULOS TECHNICAL SERVICES INC.
7 Waterbury Court Allentown, NJ 08501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 758-8898
Arthur T. Poulos BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Tunable Mid-Infrared Filters Based on Lithographically Fabricated Metal Meshes |
| Abstract: | Development of a high performance electronically tunable optical filter for the mid-infrared "fingerprint" region would be a breakthrough enabling technology for spectral imaging, chemical vapor sensing and numerous other remote sensing applications. Tunable Fabry-Perot (F-P) filters have desirable features of high throughput (much needed in the mid-IR region where detectors are of low sensitivity), high resolution, fast-scanning capability, and applicability to 2-D scene spectral imaging. However, F-P filters are difficult to fabricate for the mid-IR region. Homogeneous metal films cannot be used due to high absorptivity, and multi-layer dielectric films are difficult to fabricate, are limited by available materials, and may not exhibit sufficiently high reflectance for desired high finesse. This project offers a novel approach to the development of tunable F-P filters for the mid-IR spectral range. The properties of the proposed F-P are essentially independent of fabrication material, but are instead dependent on the geometrical pattern and its dimensions. Furthermore, the proposed fabrication technique uses standard lithographic methods, which impart cost efficiency and excellent quality control. In Phase I, test filter elements will be fabricated and transmission properties of a breadboard tunable filter will be measured and compared to theoretical expectations. This technology will enable fabrication of low cost/high performance tunable infrared filters for the addition of spectral selectivity to numerous sensing platforms. |
| PROCESS INSTRUMENTS, INC.
825 North 300 West, Suite 225 Salt Lake City, UT 84103 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 322-1235
Lee M. Smith, Ph. D. BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | High-Power, Frequency-Stabilized Diode Laser for Raman Spectroscopy |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop intermediate to high power (.1 to 4 W),
frequency- stable diode lasers with high modulation capability and long life.
Our approach can provide fixed-frequency radiation sources for 1
pace-based ballistic missile defense applications. To demonstrate the
technology we will develop a compact, lightweight, relatively inexpensive,
proprietary external-cavity-stabilized diode laser array with high
power that can be used for Raman spectroscopy. Our approach offers a
simple, reliable laser source with no moving parts for reduced
maintenance and good stability and, most importantly, that is affordable for
many military and industrial applications. Since our external-cavity
technology can be used with any existing high power diode array, the
technology offers a large wavelength selection. Research with lower power
( |
| RADIANT RESEARCH INC.
9430 Research Blvd., Echelon IV,Suite 305 Austin, TX 78759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 338-4670
Suning Tang, Ph.D. BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Ultra Long Compact Polymer-Based Waveguide Circuits for Multi-link Optical True-Time-Delay Lines Using WDM Technique |
| Abstract: | Photonic phased array antenna (PPA) represents one of the most critical technologies for both ballistic missile defense and civilian wireless communications. In this program, Radiant Research, Inc. (RRI) proposes a novel high packaging density true-time-delay (TTD) module for a wideband phased array antenna up to 100 GHz. The proposed photolithographically defined ultra-low-loss polymeric waveguides provide us the only solution for achieving ultra long delay time over tens of nsec with ultra fine resolution of less than 1 ps. Such a monolithic integrated module not only reduces the cost associated with optoelectronic packaging, but also reduces the system payload with an improved reliability. The two-dimensionally distributed polymer waveguide holograms tap the optically-encoded microwave signal with an appropriate delay time equal to the time of flight along the waveguide. Multiple simultaneous communication links can be simply provided by employing multiple directly modulated laser diodes in the same waveguide delay line based on wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) technique. The proposed TTD module is expected to have an significantly improved performance at a reduced cost, weight, payload and power consumption in a compact integrated structure, which is highly desired for airborne and space-borne applications. All these unique features will be demonstrated by the end of Phase I. |
| RADIANT RESEARCH, INC.
9430 Research Blvd., Echelon IV,Suite 305 Austin, TX 78759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 338-4521
Jeffery J. Maki BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Molecular-Chirality Sensor using an Electro-Optic-Polymer-Based Circular-Polarization Modulator |
| Abstract: | The proposed innovation is a miniaturized circular-polarization-state (CPS) modulator for producing a laser beam that alternates in time between left- and right-hand-circular (LHC/RHC) states of polarization, which would replace bulky photoelastic, liquid-crystal, and inorganic-crystal polarization modulators. Innovative is its use of a single-mode polymer waveguide with a controllable amount of birefringence, via the electro-optic effect, to adjust the polarization state of a laser beam. It has a very small mass, low power consumption, and very compact size. Other desirable attributes are its use of no moving parts, no expensive birefringent crystals (e.g., calcite), low voltages (~10 V), and a single high-speed driving-voltage source. Furthermore, it can operate at arbitrary speeds up to 101s of GHz and has an adjustable wavelength of operation (i.e., 700-1600 nm). The innovation will form the central portion of sensors for detecting chirality. A signature of chirality is natural optical activity, where light passing through chiral materials exhibits circular dichroism and optical rotatory dispersion. Related effects can also occur in reflected light, where for instance the magnitude of the reflectivity can be different for LHC and RHC light. Most biological material is chiral. Thus the proposed modulator would aid in target recognition, since a remote sensor based upon it would be able to discern biological materials from typically achiral man-made materials used in camouflage. Key to detecting chirality is a source of both LHC and RHC light of high purity, which the proposed innovation provides. |
| RADIATION MONITORING DEVICES, INC.
44 Hunt Street Watertown, MA 02172 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 926-1167
Kanai S. Shah BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | New Imaging X-Ray Sensor Technology for Real-Time Nondestructive Testing |
| Abstract: | X-ray imaging is an important technique which is used in variety of applications such as general radiology in medicine, astronomical observations, non-destructive testing, X-ray diffraction for materials studies and others. The ability of X-rays to penetrate deep in to matter allows investigation of interior components with possibility of real-time dynamic studies. However, while significant advances have been made in X-ray sources as well as image processing steps, the X-ray detectors remain a limiting step in many of applications Important requirements for the X-ray detectors used in such applications include large area (z 20 cm x 20 cm), high resolution (100-200 1lm), wide dynamic range (104), high sensitivity, and low cost. Ability to provide real-time images is an additional requirement in some applications. To address this, we propose to develop a solid state, large area, high resolution imaging detector by combining the semiconductor film (lead iodide, PbI2) technology being developed at RMD with the large format amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) readout technology which has been developed by our collaborators at OIS in Troy, Michigan. The detectors are expected to be useful in both static as well dynamic (or real-time) X-ray imaging applications and thus will have far reaching utility in advancing X-ray imaging. |
| RAMAR CORPORATION
71 Lyman Street Northborough, MA 01532 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 393-4225
Amaresh Mahapatra BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Sensors - IR(>0.9 microns) |
| Abstract: | We propose the use of poled silics fibers with electrooptic constant of the order of 10 to 20 pm/V for use in distributed optical sensors and communication applications. Recent work has shown that thermal poling of silica optical fibers exhibits second order nonlinearities. This fiber phenomena promises to have far reaching impact on all aspects of fiber communications. such as in-line modulators, second harmonic generation, distributes sensors, tunable fiber gratings and wavelength division multiplexing devices with the advantage of low loss and long interaction length. However, several problems need to be addressed before this phenomena can be harnessed for commercial applications. Therefore, we propose methods for, enhancing the electrooptic constant, stabilization of the built-in dipole moment with time and temperature, demonstration of a novel modulator concept which does not require a reference fiber, and a novel method of reproducibly side polishing a fiber to within a micron of the core which is essential for effective poling. |
| SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING SERVICES, INC.
4032 Blackburn Ln. Burtonsville, MD 20866 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 989-1896
Dr. Coorg R. Prasad BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | A High Efficiency, Compact, Broadly Tunable, Frequency Agile mid-Infrared Laser Source |
| Abstract: | Frequency agile infrared lasers are required in many defense applications, where compactness and energy efficiency are of overriding importance, for wide deployment in the field. We propose to develop an innovative, simple and compact, pump-tuned, frequency agile infrared laser that is based on a quasi phase-matched periodically poled RTA (PPRTA) optical parametric oscillator pumped by a diode-pumped tunable solid state Yb:YAG laser. High laser efficiency (>608) is obtained by utilizing Yb:YAG, for which the quantum deficit between the pump diode (968nm) and laser output wavelength is the smallest among solid state laser materials. Furthermore it is moderately tunable (1.02-1.07ym). Frequency agility and a broad IR OPO tuning range (1.5-5ym) are obtained by utilizing a PPRTA OPO with poling periods of 35-40pm and rapidly tuning the pump wavelength between 1.02-1.06ym. Both the laser and OPO allow convenient energy scaling, and our goal is to obtain a moderate energy 1-2mJ/pulse in the infrared at lkHz with a wall plug efficiency exceeding 2t. In Phase I a comprehensive design of the frequency agile laser will be performed in addition to feasibility demonstration with a bread-board system. In Phase II, a prototype compact IR laser with operating at lkHz will be built and demonstrated. |
| SOLID STATE SCIENTIFIC CORPORATION
210 Brook Village Road, Suite 38 Nashua, NH 03062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 465-5686
Dr. Prabha Tedrow BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Uncooled LWIR Thermal Imaging Using Schottky Diodes |
| Abstract: | Solid State Scientific Corporation (SSSC) has developed the theory of operation for the Thermonic Thermal Detector (TTD) for uncooled infrared sensing of 8 to 14 um radiation based on a schottky diode sensing element. In addition, SSSC has fabricated sample detectors with electrical characteristics that correspond to an NEDT of 6 mK, if integrated with a state of the art microbolometer multiplexer. The predicted NEDT of the TTD is thus 7 times more sensitive than the current state of the art VOx microbolometer. The thermionic thermal detector is a new type of device whose operation is not related to classic photoemissive Schottky diode photon detectors. The TTD operates uncooled with the individual elements thermally isolated (as in a microbolometer), and uses a reverse bias Schottky diode as the sensing element. For a fixed bias voltage and Schottky barrier height, the magnitude of the reverse bias current from the diode is a measure of the diode temperature. Since the reverse bias current is a Schottky diode is exponentially dependent on the temperature of the detector, it has a high temperature coefficient. |
| SSG, INC.
65 Jonspin Rd. Wilmington, MA 01887 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 694-9991
Holger Luther BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Micro Attitude Star Tracking (MAST) Sensor |
| Abstract: | Conventional attitude sensing consists of a two step approach where a low bandwidth star sensor provides inertial attitude updates to a high bandwidth gyro. This approach has 4 major drawbacks: (expense, mass, power and limited bandwidth). SSG is proposing a revolutionary approach to attitude measurement that capitalizes on our extensive optics and precision mechanism experience. This Micro Attitude Star Tracking (MAST) sensor overcomes the disadvantages of the current attitude measurement approach with the possibility of providing accurate (1's of arc-sec), high bandwidth attitude data (1000's of HzA) with a low mass (1's of kg) low power (10's of W) and Low cost ($100k's) in a small package. |
| SUNDYE
7 Willow Dr. Townsend, MA 01469 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 597-5146
Harry Clark BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | A Paradigm Shift in Infrared Imaging |
| Abstract: | Progress made in infrared imaging systems in recent years has been remarkable. Despite the high cost and limited size, systems based on materials such as silicon germanium or antimonides have produced adequate quantum efficiencies, dark current, full well capacity and frame rates such that military systems as well as commercial products are now available. Unfortunately high cost and limited size are inherent parameters in these devices. This is due to the high cost and limited surface area available of single crystal epitaxial wafers. These carrier substrates are limited to the diameter of the bulk crystal boule from which they are cut. Raw materials and processing costs for these wafers are extremely expensive and cost reduction cannot be viewed as realistic in these systems. We propose an entirely new approach to imaging in the infrared range whose raw materials cost will be an order of magnitude lower than conventional systems. We expect quantum efficiencies rivaling or exceeding these traditional systems. Inherent in our approach is the ability to produce imaging systems that are not constrained by the size of a single crystal wafer but instead are scaleable to dimensions that can be measured in square feet. Using our approach detection out to 3 microns and beyond is expected. |
| SVT ASSOCIATES, INC.
7620 Executive Dr. Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(612) 934-2100
James M. Van Hove BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | AlGaN Solar Blind UV Focal Plane Arrays (UVFPA) |
| Abstract: | This proposal addresses the significant need for high power and high temperature transistors. A major innovation is needed to produce power devices which can operate at high temperatures (400 °C), withstand high voltages (> 500 V) and operate at high current levels without special cooling. SVT Associates proposes to meet this need with a heterojunction bipolar junction transistor (HBT) fabricated from Aluminum Gallium Nitride (AlGaN). The basic electrical and thermal properties of Nitride materials are ideal for this application. The quality of existing P type GaN, however, is insufficient to make low leakage, low on resistance, high breakdown voltage GaN PN junctions. We propose to demonstrate improved quality P type GaN for these applications using an unique doping source in atomic nitrogen molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). If successful, the process will be used in Phase II to fabricate 1) GaN PN rectifiers and 2) AlGaN Heterojunction Bipolar transistors (HBT) for high power applications. |
| TACAN CORPORATION
2330 Faraday Ave. Carlsbad, CA 92008 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 438-1010
Charles M. Morrison BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Multispectral Sensor/Focal Plane Array Composed of Stacked Thin Film Metal-Semiconductor-Metal Photodetectors |
| Abstract: | Epitaxial liftoff and grafting technologies offer excellent opportunities for new compact designs of multispectral optical sensing devices covering simultaneously two or more bands across the visible and the near-, mid-, and long-wavelength infrared regimes. Epitaxial liftoff technology can be used to separate the thin epitaxial semiconductor layers containing metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector devices from their epitaxial growth substrates. These thin films (less than 1 mm thick) can then be stacked by grafting techniques onto host substrates in a variety of ways to provide increased functionality without the impediments of lattice mismatches between the membranes. Thus, photodetectors from different materials systems, each tailored for specific wavelength sensing, can be aligned and laminated over each other creating efficient multispectral sensors which collect spectral and spacial data simultaneously. Each semiconductor membrane layer can have its own amplifier/processor, and be individually accessible. This concept can be easily extended to focal-plane array applications. Already at TACAN Corporation, thin film membranes of various semiconductors containing arrays of more than 100 active photodetector devices have been grafted onto a variety of host substrates. By using transparent polyimide separators, independent operation of each level of stacked thin film arrays of photodetectors can provide simultaneous multispectral images. |
| WAVEBAND CORPORATION
375 Van Ness Avenue, Suite 1105 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 212-7808
Dr. Lev. Sadovnik BMDO 98-003 |
| Title: | Fabrication of Millimeter Wave Integrated Circuits Using Photonic Band Gap Confinement |
| Abstract: | This project is aimed at the design and eventual fabrication (in Phase II) of microwave and millimeter-wave components utilizing Photonic Band Gap Structures. Current trends in device miniaturization and integration, especially in the development of microwave monolithic integrated circuits, calls for flexible, arbitrarily shaped and curved interconnects. Standard dielectric waveguides and microstrip lines, when bent, are subject to prohibitive losses. To address this problem, WaveBand Corporation proposes to confine the wave guiding path in a substrate with a Photonic Band Gap structure in a manner that will result in the guided mode being localized within the band gap. The Phase I research will center on theoretical investigation of the smallest attainable losses in a bent waveguide with Photonic Band Gap Confinement as compared to a standard waveguide. The best suitable structure will be analyzed and preliminary waveguide confinement experiments will be conducted at a millimeter wave (MMW) frequency in order to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed approach. |
| AET CRYOGENICS
155-B New Boston Street Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 932-3221
James F. Maguire BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | Proposal for the Development of a Pulse Tube Refrigerator for Cooling High Power RF Arrays |
| Abstract: | The need for a higher power radar system has been developing over the past several years and it has become apparent that cooled power conversion systems will provide significant benefits in system size, weight, and transportability. This proposal addresses a electronics cooling system for the power electronics specifically tailored to the temperature, power, and environmental requirements of such radar systems. The cooling system design and sub-scale proof of principle will be accomplished in phase 1. High power density, high efficiency power conversion electronics are currently under construction by American Superconductor under an existing contract. Phase 11 of the proposed program will provide a cooling system directly applicable to these electronics. |
| AMERICAN SUPERCONDUCTOR CORPORATION
2 Technology Drive Westborough, MA 01581 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 836-4200
Dr. C.L.H. Thieme BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | Oxidation Resistant, Non-Magnetic Substrates for YBCO Coated Conductors |
| Abstract: | This DOE SBIR proposal explores cost effective production of non-magnetic substrates which will have a major role in the production of YBCO coated conductors. Deformation textured substrates offer a cost-effective way of texturing. The substrate will be produced using inexpensive raw materials and processing. A novel feature is the production of a solid solution alloy with an excellent cube texture and oxidation resistance. This substrate will be used for the deposition of YBCO by means of an inexpensive solution process. The achievement of program goals can lead to a much sought scaleable method for producing long lengths of YBCO high-temperature superconductor wire that enables commercial development of a host of applications. The proposed process can effect commercially viable conductor that is both inexpensive to manufacture and inexpensive to operate because it maintains high current density in high magnetic fields, allowing utilization of dramatically cheaper cooling techniques in the 50 to 77K range. The Proposal is directed towards the production of long lengths of wide non-magnetic metallic substrates in foil form with composite buffer layers, suitable for YBCO deposition using a cheap MOD process. It uses industrial scale processing, and aims at a deformation process that can be directly used for large scale YBCO coated conductor production. |
| APPLIED SCIENCES, INC.
P.O. Box 164284 Austin, TX 78716 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 766-2020
Ronald L. Jacobsen BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | High Temperature Solar Cell Contacts |
| Abstract: | Inexpensive solar cell contacts can be made using silicone or epoxy materials with carbon nanostructure additives to improve electrical conductivity at high temperature. This overcomes the problems associated with metal-additive silicones and epoxies, which tend to lose their electrical conductivity enhancements as the temperature increases, thereby diminishing; their usefulness as a solar cell electrical conduct. Because highly conductive carbon fib r can be fabricated with an extremely high aspect ratio (L/D > 5000), bonding material incorporating this fiber will have an internal conductive network within it, assuring that electrical contact will be maintained as the material expands thermally. |
| APPLIED THIN FILMS, INC.
1840 Oak Avenue, Suite 102 Evanston, IL 60201 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(847) 491-7805
Paul DeLuca BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | A Novel Sputtering Technique for Deposition of Robust Buffer Layers Suitable for HTS Technology |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposed effort is to identify and develop new and robust buffer layer materials for the recently developed metal-coated YBCO superconducting tape technology. While the current choice of yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and cerium oxide as buffer layers has been appropriate for demonstration of coated tapes with current densities over 106 A/cm2, they may not serve all the required functions and are probably not suitable for production of tapes in long lengths. Hence, we believe, alternate buffer layers with suitable "engineering" properties will be needed for practical implementation in advanced power sources and power conditioning devices. The phase I effort will involve deposition of biaxially-oriented buffer layers on non-textured Hastelloy substrates using a novel dual magnetron oblique sputtering (DMOS). Suitably thick YBCO layers (up to a micron) will be overgrown on buffer-coated metal tapes using pulsed laser deposition. Material characterization of the coated specimens will be done using SEM, x-ray diffraction (pole figure analysis & phi-scans), and transmission electron microscopy. Magnetic susceptibility measurements will be carried out on the YBCO-coated specimens for testing their current. |
| CERAMPHYSICS, INC.
921 Eastwind Drive, Suite 110 Westerville, OH 43081 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(614) 882-2231
Dr. Willliam N. Lawless BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | Ceramic Dielectric Compositons For Capacitor Applications In The 120-240 K Range |
| Abstract: | A six-month, $91,305 Phase I SBIR program is proposed to perform ceramic-composition R&D aimed at cryogenic capacitors for the 120 - 240 K temperature range. Candidate compositions from three families of ceramics will be made under subcontract by NexTech Mat'ls Ltd and measured by CeramPhysics, 120 - 240 K (dielectric constant, loss tangent, frequency dependence, electric-field dependence, dielectric relaxation time). All compositions studied can be manufactured into multilayer ceramic capacitors. The measured database will be analyzed according to a Figure of Merit to downselect four to six optimum compos-itions. These compositions will be recommended for manufacturing development in a Phase II program in collaboration with an identified manufacturer of multilayer ceramic capacitors. |
| EIKOS, LLC
89 Richmond Street Raynham, MA 02767 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 880-0007
Dr. Paul Winsor, IV BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | High Energy Density Capacitors using Phosphine Oxide Dielectrics and Chemical Graft Electrodes |
| Abstract: | Eikos has proposed to develop a high energy density pulse power capacitor based on use of Polyphosphine Oxide Arylene Ether polymers. The ultra-high energy density will be achieved not only by the high dielectric constant of the polymer but also by development of a novel chemical graft polymer Zgapless" electrode. Enhancements in electrode stability, power density, and stored energy density are potential results of incorporation of a chemically grafted conducting polymer as an electrode. These capacitor dielectric and electrode developments are expected to result in dramatic increases of dielectric energy storage to greater than 20 J/cc for high voltage energy discharge capacitors. |
| ENERGEN, INC.
7 Riverside Avenue Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 671-5400
Chad H. Joshi BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | A Cryogenic Refrigeration System for Superconducting Generators |
| Abstract: | Superconducting rotating machinery has been proposed as a means of achieving greater efficiency in electrical power generation and utilization. Furthermore, superconducting generators and motors have the potential to be more compact thereby increasing the flexibility of system designs as well as potentially reducing manufacturing costs. However, commercialization of this technology is gated by the availability of affordable, reliable cooling systems needed to maintain the superconductor at low temperatures. Energen, Inc. proposes to design and demonstrate a Stirling cycle cryocooler that can be shaft-mounted to provide cooling to the rotating field windings of synchronous generators and motors. The single-stage cryocooler will provide 10 W cooling capacity at 77 K and use many off-the-shelf components to maintain affordability. |
| EPITAXIAL LABORATORY, INC.
25 East Loop Road Stony Brook, NY 11790 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(516) 444-6114
W.-Y. Hwang BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | High Performance 2.5 Micron InGaAs/InP TPV Cells Based on Novel Buffer Technology |
| Abstract: | Due to a mature material growth and processing technology of InP and InGaAs, lattice-mismatched 2.5 um(0.55 ev )InGaAs/InP is identified as the most promising Thermophotovoltaic(TPV) material system for the next generation of monolithic interconnected modules(MIMs). Compared to GaSb and quaternary InGaAsSb, InP and InGaAs offer many critical advantages; (l)the existence of semi-insulating InP substrate enabling MIMs development(GaSb does not have semi-insulating form), and (2)proven high temperature reliability of InGaAs. The reliability of the meta-stable quaternaly InGaAsSb at high TPV operating environment is a concern, due to a large miscibility gap, and the ability to use InGaAsSb/GaSb materials in the MIMs is not proven yet. However, the performance of 0.55 ev InGaAs/InP TPV cell is still inferior than dislocation free 0.74 ev lattice-matched InGaAs/lnP cell due to the high density of mismatch generated threading dislocations. ELI proposes a novel approach to incorporate a new composition graded buffer layer (CGBL) to reduce/eliminate the threading dislocation and dramatically improve the performance of 0.55 ev InGaAs/InP TPV cells and MIMs. In phase I, design and growth of the novel buffers will be carried out, and improved TPV will be demonstrated. The optimization of CGBL and high performance TPV will be realized in phase II. |
| FRACTAL SYSTEMS, INC.
14200 Carlson Circle Tampa, FL 33626 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(813) 854-4332
Dr. Mahmoud Aldissi BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | Advanced Capacitors For Miniaturized Munition Fuzing |
| Abstract: | In the proposed program, thin-film capacitors will be developed based on low-cost transition metal nitrides for miniaturized munition fuzing as well as several other applications with high power and voltage requirements With transition metal nitrides having conductivity values similar to their corresponding metal and an unprecedented high surface area that will be achieved through our approach, high power as well as high energy densities are likely to be achieved. The combination of high surface area thin-film electrodes with an aqueous alkaline electrolyte will result in a low ESR. Our approach should also result in strong adhesion between the electrode film and the current collector. As a result of having robust electrode assembly, the cycle life shall be improved compared to electrodes fabricated using conventional techniques. During Phase I, we will develop the electrode growth technique on metallic and conductive polymer substrates. The materials will be characterized using microscopy, transport and electrochemical techniques, including testing in capacitors. The Phase It program will expand on the materials fabrication to reach optimal characteristics for our application. Extensive capacitor assembly (symmetric and hybrid) and characterization will take place during this Phase in collaboration with Evans Capacitor Co., who will be marketing the technology. |
| INORGANIC SPECIALISTS
P.O. Box 181 Miamisburg, OH 45343 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 865-4491
David W. Firsich BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | Carbon Foam and Pseudocapacitance Technology |
| Abstract: | Electrochemical capacitors (supercapacitors) are rechargeable devices which deliver high powers for limited periods. The objective of this proposal is to provide new, low-cost approaches for significantly increasing the power and energy storage of carbon supercapacitors. We do this in two ways: A) We improve power by preparing carbon in the form of a contiguous, conductive foam structure. This is done with novel technology: a polymer powder is simply pressed into a compact and carbonized. B) We improve energy by modifying the carbon surface with groups which undergo redox reactions (i.e., they provide pseudocapacitance). One proprietary surface modification from our lab has been shown to increase carbon's energy storage by as much as 100% in aqueous electrolytes. The Phase I work consists of: a) Enhancing the power properties of our carbon foam by tailoring its pore size distribution. b) Determining the feasibility of mass-producing carbon foam in thin wafer form. c) Preparation and testing of an aqueous prototype. D) Testing a new surface modification concept designed to provide pseudocapacitance in organic electrolytes. |
| INTERFACE STUDIES
27 East Mountain Katonah, NY 10536 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(914) 242-2042
John L. Freeouf BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | Suppression of Step Bunching During High Temperature Anneals of SiC |
| Abstract: | Many approaches to realizing the full potential of the Power Electronic Building Block rely upon the remarkable electronic properties of SiC. Almost all of these involve high temperature treatment of SiC, whether for growth, oxidation, or implant activation anneal. Unfortunately, under high temperature processing this material has demonstrated the occurrence of step bunching. This surface/interface roughness of course leads to increased carrier scattering, thereby degrading device performance. In general, the technique of reflectance anisotropy spectroscopy is sensitive to reduced symmetry at the surface, including steps; increased signal at some critical points has been found to be associated with step-like surface structures. However, the critical points for SiC occur for hvo 6eV, which is inaccessible to normal spectrometers. We therefore propose to develop a new means to characterize this surface/interface. This tool, Far Ultraviolet Reflectance Anisotropy Spectroscopy, offers promise of improved characterization of SiC surfaces, as well as those of other wide bandgap semiconductors such as GaN. This technique permits us to characterize step bunching as it occurs, as it is a non-contact optical technique permitting remote access. |
| K TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION
500 Office Center Drive, Suite 250 Fort Washington, PA 19034 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 426-0320
Mark J. Montesano BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | Thermal Management Material Development for High Density Electric Batteries |
| Abstract: | Charging and discharging inefficiencies of spaceborne and airborne battery cell designs result in significant heat dissipation. A closely packed battery of these cells poses a heat removal problem. The efficient removal of this energy is critical in maintaining target operation temperatures. Thermal pyrolytic graphite (TPG) is a highly aligned crystalline graphite with an in-plane thermal conductivity of 1700 W/mK. Encapsulating TPG within a carbon fiber encapsulant results in a high conductivity (> 1000 W/mK), low mass density (< 2.0 g/cm3) material system. The isotropic in-plane conductivity of the TPG will increase the composite thermal performance by 300% over typical K1100/Polymer composites. In addition to high specific conductivity, the proposed material system can have tailored thermal expansion and stiffness properties. The objective of this Phase I program is to determine the feasibility of using the carbon fiber encapsulated TPG material in airborne and spaceborne battery structure designs through the development and evaluation of material samples. The program will establish, through sample evaluation, key design, fabrication, and performance characteristics. |
| LITHIUM POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3610 Cresswell Court Missouri City, TX 77459 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(409) 848-4450
Dr. M. Z. A. Munshi BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | Very Thin Film Rechargeable Batteries |
| Abstract: | The objective of this Phase 1 program is to perform research and development on new designs of lithium solid state batteries, specifically lithium polymer electrolyte battery (including novel methods of fabrication) with useful levels of specific power and specific energy, high reliability, very high cycle life and low cost, when compared with presently available lithium batteries. This can be achieved by designing very thin film electrode and electrolyte structures which will overcome kinetic constraints on the specific power, cycling efficiency and capacity utilization. The proposed work addresses surface modifications of the electrode structures preventing dendritic growths and changes in electrode surface area. The results of this investigation will help assess the utility of the very thin film ionically conducting lithium polymer electrolytes and very thin film cathodes in mass manufacture/cost-effective practical batteries. |
| PC KRAUSE AND ASSOCIATES, INC.
3016 Covington St. West Lafayette, IN 47906 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(765) 494-3434
Steven F. Glover BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | Cyrogenic System Stability |
| Abstract: | Cryogenic components are being proposed for a ground-transportable radar (GTR) systems. Incorporating low-loss components into power-electronic based systems is a concern from the standpoint of system stability due to the inherent low resistance of the cryogenic components which may tend to destabilize the system due to reduced damping. The purpose of the work proposed herein is first to investigate the stability of this type of GTR system. This is to be accomplished by first defining a baseline GRT system configuration and then determining the parameters, and the variation thereof, in order to approximate the operating characteristics of the proposed cryogenic GTR. The overall goal, however, is to conduct a first-look into optimizing performance, weight, and cost of a GTR system in regard to system stability. Optimization studies will focus first on small-disturbance stability and then on large-excursion stability with a pulsed load present. During this research, a new and innovative means of eliminating negative- impedance instability, which has recently been shown to be effective on a noncryogenic power- electronic based system, will be considered as a means of reducing the weight requirements by decreasing the number and size of the system capacitors for a low-loss GTR system. The possible use of this stabilizer control in a pulsed-load environment has not been investigated. Moreover, the possible interaction of the various system controllers, including the stabilizer control, will be investigated with a focus on achieving optimum system performance through appropriate coordination or modification of the system controllers. |
| TAITECH INC.
2372 Lakeview Drive, Suite H Beavercreek, OH 45431 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 255-4141
Dr. Samhita Dasgupta BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | Optically Activated Power Switch for Electric Actuator Control Applications |
| Abstract: | Silicon carbide power electronics will figure into a variety of Air Force missions such as enabling the development of more electric aircraft and advancing the development of supersonic and hypersonic aerospace vehicles, which require advanced control electronics and sensors. A true FBL(Fly-by-light)/PBW(Power-By-wire) system will require a simple light weight interface where an optical signal, will provide control signal to the power electronics of the electrical actuator and the feedback from the actuator and the motor control. With the present technology, the gap still lies in the immaturity of the optical technology in controlling the high power switches. Here we are proposing to develop a light activated IGBT device which would control the acturate and measure the output device position for feedback. Advantage of the light activation is the high tolerance to electro rnagnetic interference(ES) and the complete isolation of the gate circuit to load circuit. In the Phase I portion of the research program, we will fabricate the IGBT device and switching properties of the device will be demonstrated using optical triggering. A typical transistor characteristic of drain current as a function of gate voltage for both dark current and for avalanche gain will be measured. The result obtained from such device will enable the present technology to aim for higher breakdown voltage, switching frequencies, lower on state voltage drops and faster turn on and isolation from load and also triggering with the least optical energy. In Phase II of the program, performance of this device in controlling an actuator will be demonstrated. |
| TPL, INC.
3921 Academy Parkway North, NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 342-4437
Kirk M. Slenes, M.S. BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | High Energy Density Capacitor Development |
| Abstract: | The development of high energy storage systems with reduced size and weight are important for tactical and strategic pulsed power applications such as: electric armor, electric guns, high power microwave sources and ballistic missile applications. The dielectric energy storage density of pulsed power materials must be increased to provide feasibility or improve performance of these systems. TPL has developed a dielectric polymer capable of an energy density of 7.5 J/cc. This performance represents a factor of four over that of state-of-the-art capacitor materials. Based on measured properties of TPL's polymer film in its current configuration it is expected that capacitors can be fabricated with energy densities in excess of 4.0 J/cc. TPL proposes a Phase I effort to demonstrate the performance of their recently developed dielectric film in a rolled capacitor configuration. TPL will work in collaboration with Aerovox Corp. to develop fabrication processes for capacitor construction utilizing TPL's film and will establish a full range of device performance characteristics. It is anticipated that this program will establish the high energy density capabilities of TPL's film in a capacitor and provide the groundwork for development of prototype devices in a number of pulsed power systems. |
| UES, INC.
4401 Dayton-Xenia Rd Dayton, OH 45432 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 255-6940
Dr. Rama Nekkanti BMDO 98-005 |
| Title: | Development of Buffer Layers for high Temperature Coated Superconductors on Textured Nickel Alloy Substrates |
| Abstract: | Surface-coated YBCO on textured polycrystalline metal conductors have been shown to carry high current densities in high magnetic fields-at 77 K. While nickel substrates have shown promise, they suffer from poor strength and oxidation resistance, which act as barriers towards development of long length conductors. UES along with its team partner Intermagnetics is developing alternate substrate materials based on nickel alloys that are strong, oxidation resistant and non-magnetic. Suitable buffer layers will be deposited on the newly developed nickel alloy substrates to demonstrate the improvements in the quality of the buffer layers due to improved oxidation resistance of the new alloy substrates. The program will also examine the technological issues related to the processing of the buffer layers on the new alternate substrates. The success of the proposed program would result in a high performance HTS that would also be cost effective. |
| BUSEK COMPANY INC.
11 Tech Circle Natick, MA 01760 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 655-5565
Dr. W. Guss BMDO 98-006 |
| Title: | Xenon Production by Iodine Transmutation |
| Abstract: | Electrostatic thrusters are the likely choice for station keeping of the new generation of small communication satellites. Xenon is the fuel of choice for these thrusters because of its high mass and low ionization potential. Existing worldwide xenon production will not permit fueling of more than a small fraction of the projected satellite population unless significant price increase of Xe is realized to justify higher production capacity. A convenient alternative to Xe production through air liquefaction is a proprietary technique proposed herein. Xenon produced in this manner can generate extremely high purity xenon. The Phase I program provides a conceptual design of a large-scale facility and a proof-of-principle experiment. Comparison will be made between cryogenically produced xenon and bulk production by the proposed method. |
| ELECTROFORMED NICKEL, INC.
785 Martin Road Huntsville, AL 35824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(205) 461-1998
Glenn Malone BMDO 98-006 |
| Title: | Innovative Fabrication Techniques for Aerospace Propellant and Pressurant Tanks |
| Abstract: | To be economically attractive, weight and performance for small earth-to-orbit launch systems and station keeping space vehicles must be improved at significantly lower costs, while maintaining required payloads. A major weight and cost factor in any of these devices is the tankage for propellants and pressurant gases. Innovative and proven manufacturing technologies such as electroforming have been overlooked as means meeting these needs. It offers the means to fabricate seamless tanks with no property degrading welds. In conjunction with filament winding, electroforming can produce improved tanks in greatly reduced time frams because it can produce the mat-erial and the net shape simultaneously. Nickel-low cobalt alloys are currently avail-able through electroforming with yield strengths in the 100 to 150 ksi range. Efforts to develop titanium electroforming are expected to enhance the competitiveness of electroforming to produce much lighter tankage by virtue of the low density of this metal. Capability to electrodeposit bonded liners in filament wound outer shells will provide further fabrication innovations for the tank designer. |
| ENIGMATICS, INC.
3011 Ordway Street, NW, P.O. Box 39111 Washington, DC 20008 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(202) 244-4392
David L. Book BMDO 98-006 |
| Title: | Small Vector Thrust Pulsed Detonation Rocket Engine (VTPDRE) for EKV and Low-Mass Interceptors |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I proposal is aimed at development of propulsion systems for EKV and divert. propulsion systems for low-mass interceptors that will use Vector Thrust Pulsed Detonation Rocket Engine (VTPDRE) technology. Use of PDRE will increase power density, enhance modularity, and reduce cost. Further improvements will be realized by introducing configurations with multiple PDREs and non-mechanical thrust vectoring, which wilt lead to improved engine maneuverability, reliability, and efficiency. The proposed propulsion system is based on a new engine concept that provides higher specific impulse than rockets or turbojets. It is more efficient than conventional engines because of its constant-volume, nonsteady operating cycle and has no moving parts in the power production section. In PDREs a detonation wave is initiated-in a mixture o£ oxidizer and fuel and propagates axially in the detonation chamber. Thrust is generated when the wave impinges on the thrust wall. The use of multiple chambers allows thrust vectoring and enhances maneuverability, engine reliability, and efficiency. PDREs avoid the power density limitations of electric power generation and the low specific impulse of solid propellants. We will develop and demonstrate a low-cost propulsion system that can be used for existing systems and adapted to future advanced programs. |
| HYPER-THERM HIGH-TEMPERATURE COMPOSITES,
18411 Gothard Street, Units B&C Huntington Beach, CA 92648 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 375-4085
Robert J. ShinavskiI, Ph. BMDO 98-006 |
| Title: | Miniature, Axisymmetric Nanolayered Ceramic Composite Liquid Rocket Thruster |
| Abstract: | Low-cost microspacecraft systems being considered for future development will require a variety of mini- to micro-sized liquid propellant rocket engines for orbit insertion, planetary descent and ascent, reaction control, and precision station-keeping. Currently proposed miniature and micropropulsion devices are prime candidates for the application of "cutting-edge" nanostructural composite materials to satisfy the increased performance requirements gained from energetic, high specific impulse propellant mixtures without the need for active cooling. Recent advances in the development of chemical vapor deposited (CVD) nanolayered composites and fabrication techniques offer promise to increase micro-device performance beyond that achievable with currently proposed materials and fabrication techniques. The objective of this Phase I program is to demonstrate the feasibility of producing miniature, axisymmetric liquid bi-propellant rocket thrusters from nanolayered ceramic composites in an effort to overcome the limitations of existing designs, materials and fabrication techniques. CVD-based SiC is selected as the primary material constituent because of its low thermal expansivity, high thermal conductivity, and outstanding high-temperature mechanical properties and oxidation resistance. Minor nanolayering constituents will be selected for empirical evaluation based on their: (1) known ability to effectively interrupt the SiC deposition epitaxy, thereby increasing strength and thermal shock resistance by controlling grain refinement; and (2) propensity to provide beneficial elastic modulus mismatch, thereby further increasing strength and fracture toughness by limiting dislocation motion. Following the development of a viable composite system, miniature thrusters with integral impinging-stream injectors will be fabricated and delivered to BMDO for further evaluation. |
| NEW ENGLAND SPACE WORKS, INC.
24 Swift Road Framingham, MA 01702 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 626-0467
Lynn B. Olson BMDO 98-006 |
| Title: | A More Efficient RF Plasma Electric Thruster |
| Abstract: | New England Space Works proposes a more efficient RF plasma electric thruster. RF plasma thrusters have many advantages over other electric propulsion types. Specific impulse is higher than for electrothermal thrusters. There are no electrodes or grids in contact with the plasma, so thruster lifetime should be better than other schemes. The simple plasma geometry leads to easy scaling to larger or smaller thrusters. Power densities can be much higher than for electrostatic ion thrusters (greater than a factor of 100) because there is no space charge limit on density. In spite of these advantages, RF plasma thrusters have not come into use in electric propulsion because of poor measured efficiency in tests. New England Space Works proposes an innovation to the RF plasma thruster which should greatly increase its efficiency. |
| SPACE POWER, INCORPORATED
621 River Oaks Parkway San Jose, CA 95134 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 434-9500
Dr. Christian Lazarovici BMDO 98-006 |
| Title: | Ultra-Compact, High Power Density Power Processing for Small Hall Effect Thrusters |
| Abstract: | Satellite builders indicate that electric propulsion for stationkeeping and orbit transfer is needed. An unprecedented demand is expected for low power thruster modules, with emphasis placed on low mass, high power density, compactness, power expandability, and reduced cost for system components. The work in this proposal will demonstrate the feasibility of an ultra-compact, high power density, and low cost PPU for the 100W class HET, with built-in expandability for a broad power range. SPI proposes a modular concept, employing high power density DC-to-DC converters, which will allow for miniature PPU construction featuring redundancy, expandability and short time-to-market. A radiation hard space qualified high power density DC-to-DC converter is needed for this approach. Existing suppliers of DC-to-DC converters do not produce this type of converter, but SPI is developing a space qualified module based on a commercial version. During Phase I, SPI will design, build, and qualify a breadboard PPU for low power HETs. The Discharge Power Supply mass is anticipated to be less than 400 grams with 2N redundancy and the mass of the PPU system will be assessed by the operational modes of the thruster, which will be determined in the course of the work. A Development and Validation Plan to build and qualify an Engineering Model PPU into Phase II will be defined in Phase I. |
| CAPITAL TECHNOLOGIES MANAGEMENT, INC.
2575 Cobb International Blvd., Suite A Kennesaw, GA 30152 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 499-7503
Dr. Tom Mahefkey BMDO 98-007 |
| Title: | Novel Solid State Heat Pipe |
| Abstract: | This proposal addresses development and characterization of a novel multi-layer solid state heat pipe. Prototypes of the device have already demonstrated radial and axial heat fluxes and transport limits comparable to conventional state-of-the-art heat pipes. The anticipated benefits of the device as compared to conventional heat pipes are substantial. It is relatively easy and inexpensive to manufacture, operates over a broad temperature range with a single low vapor pressure working medium, and appears to be both reliable and long- lived. The theory of operation and limits of performance of this device are incomplete at this time, and represent two of the technical goals to be pursued under this Phase I effort. |
| DYNATHERM CORPORATION
1 Beaver Court, P.O. Box 398 Hunt Valley, MD 21030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 584-7500
Michael N. Nikitkin BMDO 98-007 |
| Title: | Cascaded Cryogenic Flexible Loop Heat Pipes (P12-2511) |
| Abstract: | Future spacecraft will require efficient heat transport at 60K Or lower, and will require flexible and thermal diode features. Cryogenic flexible heat pipes and capillary pumped loops have been developed, but are not capable of adverse tilt operation and rapid, autonomous startup. Loop heat pipes with advanced fine pore evaporator wicks show promise for meeting future needs, provided that rapid, autonomous startup can be achieved. It is proposed to develop a cascaded loop heat pipe that will operate autonomously between ambient and 65K in Phase 1. The Phase II work effort will extend the range of operation to between 15K and 25K. In Phase 1, a propylene loop heat pipe will be integrated with an oxygen or nitrogen loop heat pipe into a cascaded array for reliable, rapid startup. This approach has been demonstrated for conventional heat pipes but has not been explored for loop heat pipes. This device will function as a heat pipe continuously between 65K and 300K or greater and will operate as a thermal diode and provide a flexible transport section. |
| METAL MATRIX CAST COMPOSITES, INC. (MMCC
101 Clematis Ave, #1 Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 893-4449
James Cornie, PhD BMDO 98-007 |
| Title: | Graphite Fiber Reinforced Al and Cu Alloys for Replacement of W/Cu in Electronic Thermal Mangement - |
| Abstract: | Graphite/Al phased array antenna rnodules will reduce rnodule launch mass from 154 kg (for W/Cu modules) to 19.7 kg. At $40,000/kg launch rnass, savings would be $5,400,000/launch. A team of users, graphite suppliers, casting house, and evaluation/analytical organizations, will develop and bring to commerical readiness Gr/Al and Gr/Cu composites for electronic thermal management applications. Technical objectives are: 1) Reduce launch mass of antenna modules by a factor of 7. 2) Increase the thermal conductivity by 40%. 3) Engineer the coefficient of thermal expansion to match the die, PCB, or ceramic substrate. 4) Reduce processing costs by half. MMCC's Advanced Pressure Infiltration Casting process (APICTM ) will be used to cast prototypes and evaluation coupons. MMCC's new low cost carbon matrix composite tooling will slash tooling materials processing cost by a factor of 10 and lead to commercialization. Micromechanical models will be applied toward materials design and definition of matrix alloys and heat treatment schedules to provide dimensional stability during processing and thermal cycling. Prototype modules for MILSATCOM phased array antenna will be manufactured to demonstrate the Gr/Al technology. A major electronic packaging house will specify a Gr/Cu prototype component for an application requiring high temperature brazing to ceramic substrates. |
| ORMET CORPORATION
2236 Rutherford Road, Suite 109 Carlsbad, CA 92008 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 931-7067
Xiaomei Xi BMDO 98-007 |
| Title: | Compact, High Performance Thermelectric Modules for Thermal Management of Electronic Packaging |
| Abstract: | As electronic devices become smaller, faster and more complex, their need for high heat dissipation turns into a pressing concern. Cumbersome cooling systems such as large heat sinks, forced air cooling and fluid cooling are impractical and need to be replaced by alternative, small size, light weight thermal management techniques. Particularly promising in this respect are thermoelectric modules due to their relatively light weight and potential for high heat dissipation. However, up to now, conventional thermoelectric materials and fabrication techniques have been costly and incapable of producing small size, high efficiency thermoelectric modules. This proposal suggests a novel set of composite thermoelectric materials as well as suitable designs that can be used to fabricate compact, high performance, light weight thermoelectric modules. The advantages of these novel thermoelectric materials are low cost, high productivity, low temperature process and capable of producing small size, high efficiency thermoelectric modules. These modules can be fabricated as individual thermoelectric modules as well as integrated into the electronic or other component that requires cooling to gain maximum effectiveness with minimum additional space. The fabrication techniques that will be used to fabricate high performance, compact thermoelectric modules are already established and will be modified for this application. |
| THERMACORE, INC.
780 Eden Rd. Lancaster, PA 17601 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(717) 569-6551
Dmitry Khrustalev BMDO 98-007 |
| Title: | Miniature High Flux Heat Pipes for Cooling of Electronics |
| Abstract: | Modern electronic devices dissipate significant amounts of thermal energy at comparatively high heat fluxes up to 200 W/cm2 . Thermal management of power electronics will be very important not only for existing and future DOD applications but also for the success of the electric car, more efficient electric power distribution systems, etc. Heat pipes have been successfully used for cooling of various electric components. Thermacore manufactures miniature heat pipes that can withstand heat fluxes up to 50 W/cm2 on the evaporator wall. However, miniature heat pipes with higher heat fluxes, capable of operating at any orientation in gravity field are yet to be developed. The proposed program will develop innovative high heat flux miniature heat pipes tolerant to accelerations and vibrations, using combined capillary structures with porous metal elements. Prototype miniature heat pipes will be fabricated. Additional benefit of this Phase I program will be the initiation of mathematical modeling of major heat and mass transfer mechanisms in high heat flux two-phase systems, which will be continued and used in the Phase 11 work for optimization of performance characteristics of high heat flux heat pipes. |
| APPLIED SCIENCES, INC.
P.O. Box 164284 Austin, TX 78716 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 766-2020
Ronald L. Jacobsen BMDO 98-008 |
| Title: | Obscurant Coatings |
| Abstract: | A very lightweight, low-outgasing coating is proposed for obscuration of radar and other electromagnetic signatures. The result is a low-cost method which can greatly reduce observable signatures of space based assets. |
| CORNERSTONE RESEARCH GROUP, INC.
2792 Indian Ripple Rd. Dayton, OH 45440 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 320-1877
Dr. Patrick J. Hood BMDO 98-008 |
| Title: | High-Performance Glassy Liquid Crystal Optical Filters for Laser Protection |
| Abstract: | Glassy liquid crystals (GLCI represent a new emerging class of advanced organic materials which have significant potential for being readily processed into uniform optical quality thin films. In this proposal, we propose to develop high-performance optical filter and polarizer technology specifically for laser protection applications. The proposed GLC-based optical filters are specifically well suited to fill the technology need for a high-performance, near-infrared rejection filter. Some of the attractive characteristics of GLC-based optical filter technology include: ease of processing, low-cost, large area coverage, potentially durable against cryogenic cycling, high optical densities in the designed rejection band, and excellent transparency at other wavelengths. In the program we propose to investigate the materials and processing technology necessary to fabricate high-performance optical filters. Cornerstone Research Group, Inc. has teamed with the University of Rochester to bring the technology to fruition. |
| FULL CIRCLE RESEARCH, INC.
P.O. Box 4010 San Marcos, CA 92069 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 431-5622
James P. Spratt BMDO 98-008 |
| Title: | An Ionizing Dose Hardness Assurance Technique for CMOS Ics |
| Abstract: | ull Circle Research, Inc. (FCR) proposes a SBIR program to develop a proprietary concept, invented at FCR, which will permit non-destructive 100% screening of digital CMOS integrated circuits for total dose (TD) hardness. This technique will permit radiation tolerant ICs to be binned into groups of differing total dose hardness, rather than being specified at he lowest hardness level in the distribution. Similarly, it would permit a wide variety of commercial (COTS) ICs to be used in both commercial and military space systems in environments in which ionizing radiation would otherwise prevent their use. (The technique was originally proposed in 1995, but was not selected for funding. Since then, experimental data, presented in this proposal, has been obtained that has led FCR to re-submit the concept for consideration as a Phase I program.) The technique does not require that lot traceability be maintained (which is difficult in the commercial world), does not require special test chips ( which may not be available from commercial IC lines), does not degrade he r liability of the device, and is compatible with accepted Hardness Assurance methods. |
| FULL CIRCLE RESEARCH, INC.
P.O. Box 4010 San Marcos, CA 92069 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 431-5622
James P. Spratt BMDO 98-008 |
| Title: | Single Event Latchup Suppression in Radiation Tolerant Ics |
| Abstract: | CR proposes a prog am of research to develop a new technique for suppressing single event latchup (SEL) in ICs that would be adequately radiation tolerant, except for their susceptibility to single event induced latchup. SEL suppression has, up till now, required the use of wafer preparation technologies such as SOI, SOS, etc., which are not used by mainstream IC manufacturers. The technique proposed herein would greatly enhance the ability to upgrade COTS ICs to rad-tolerant (Rt) chips through non-intrusive modifcations to commercial fabrication processess. Using this technique, space systems manufacturers could procure a much wider range of part types from a wider range of suppliers, and by conducting some additional post-manufacturing operations, make them immune to SEL. |
| NANOMATERIALS RESEARCH CORPORATION
2849 East Elvira Rd Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 294-7115
William Leigh BMDO 98-008 |
| Title: | Nanocomposite Materials for Low-frequency EM Shielding Applications |
| Abstract: | The increasingly complex electromagnetic systems in military and commercial devices require novel and unique approaches to control EMI radiation environments. Of particular interest are technologies that can provide lightweight, low bulk, reliable shielding of EM. This effort seeks to develop nanocomposite materials that can provide the needed breakthrough. Phase I will establish the proof-of-concept, Phase II will optimize and produce prototype product, while Phase III will commercialize the technology. |
| SURFACE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
207 Big Springs Avenue, P.O. Box 370 Tullahoma, TN 37388 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 666-6080
Michael A. Riley BMDO 98-008 |
| Title: | Technique for Passive Hardening Against Natural and Induced Environments |
| Abstract: | A newly demonstrated technology (patent pending) offers unique solutions to some of the problems presented. The process is called Laser Induced Surface Improvement (LISI). Two years of laboratory development/testing have demonstrated its ability to produce surface alloys with interesting characteristics. Surfaces are composed of a nonequilibrium alloy of the substrate and selected precursor materials, are nonporous and crack-free, have controlled thickness from 10 to 1000 microns, and have a molecular bond that will not separate with physical abuse or thermal variations. Thus it is feasible to produce a protective surface OA a substrate material (e.g., aluminum) that provides protection from atomic oxygen, micrometeorites/debris and ballistic impact, and is tolerant to mechanical and thermal impulses. The choice of precursor material mixtures is endless and the manufacturing process has been adaptable to a wide variety of alloys and refractories. The LISI process is environmentally friendly, requires little or AO cleaning of the substrate material, needs AO special environment for application, and is relatively inexpensive. Phase I will optimize the LISI process for selected material Combinations and produce samples suitable for analysis and testing. Phase II will move to the treatment and evaluation of actual hardware and its testing in a realistic environment. |
| TOP-VU TECHNOLOGY, INC.
2650 -14th Street N.W. Saint Paul, MN 55112 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(612) 633-5925
Chi H. Nguyen BMDO 98-008 |
| Title: | High Performance Readout Electronics For BMDO Infrared Sensors |
| Abstract: | This proposal responds to the solicitation BMDO 98-008 on Survivability Technology where it states that a key ballistic defense area is sensor subsystems, the components of which (focal plane arrays, readout electronics, and preprocessing) must survive the laser, nuclear, IR, and natural environments. The trend in microelectronics and photonics devices is toward higher levels of integration density, higher speeds, higher circuit complexity, lower voltage and power, and larger die size and radiation tolerance. This project proposes to develop radiation tolerant readout electronics for BMDO infrared sensors using gallium arsenide (GaAs) complementary heterostructure field effect transistor (CHFET) technology. The main advantages of GaAs CHFET readout electronics are high speed, low power, high radiation resistance, and low temperature operation. The objective of this project is to develop complementary heterostructure field effect transistor (CHFET) readout electronics for BMDO infrared focal plane arrays. The technical objectives of Phase I project are to develop: a) Specifications, b) Multiplexer architecture and c) Readout circuits. |
| AMERICAN GNC CORPORATION
9131 Mason Ave Chatsworth, CA 91311 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 407-0092
Ching-Fang Lin, Ph.D. BMDO 98-010 |
| Title: | Advanced Decision Aid Systems |
| Abstract: | A decision aid system is a computer application that solves complicated problems that would otherwise require extensive human expertise. To do so, it simulates the human reasoning process by applying specific knowledge and inferences. The highly demanding requirements of the newer and future all-source decision aid system can be met by the integration of various decision making approaches. The primary objective of this Phase I project is to develop intelligent decision aid system by integrating Dempster-Shafer (D-S) method and Quasi Axiomatic Theory (QAT), and provide a comprehensive and adaptive situation analysis decision aid. The D-S method provides a means to account explicitly for unknown possible causes of observational data. The QAT method employs the adaptive mechanism, in which new hypotheses are formed in the presence of conflicting data. The knowledge base that exists in the machine and the knowledge engineering used to capture the expert's skill is explained. A prototyping system will be designed to be user-friendly and easy to use through employing state-of-the art window and object-oriented programming techniques. Thus the operator can interact with the adaptive algorithms to create and assess hypotheses. |
| COMPUTER SCIENCE INNOVATIONS, INC. (CSI,
1235 Evans Road Melbourne, FL 32904 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 676-2923
Monte F. Hancock BMDO 98-010 |
| Title: | The Collection Of Homogeneous cOperating contRollers Toolkit (COHORT) |
| Abstract: | From a control theory perspective, ballistic missile defense requires a distributed dynamic non-linear control system. The conventional approach to coordinating the allocation and use of components that are geographically dispersed and functionally diverse is through a central management function that contains missile defense system and element control law. This central manager has to deal with the complexity of each of the cooperating missile defense elements, their operational characteristics and control methods. A centralized system controller design adversely affects reliability, survivability, and maintainability. As an alternative, a collection of less complex neural controllers, each of which controls a mutually exclusive subset of the missile defense elements and is cognizant of overall system need, will be investigated. The Collection Of Homogeneous cOoperating contRollers Toolkit (COHORT) will support the creation of intelligent, adaptive, and cooperating controllers. Distribution of the system-level management and control design has the potential to reduce complexity and improve system reliability and survivability. Phase I will derive the distributed neural controller framework and define the tool set required to support its implementation. Development of the tool set and its application to a ballistic missile defense scenario will occur in Phase II. |
| DANIEL H. WAGNER ASSOCIATES, INC.
40 Lloyd Avenue, Suite 200 Malvern, PA 19355 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 938-2032
David P. Kierstead BMDO 98-010 |
| Title: | Data Fusion for Ballistic Missile Defense |
| Abstract: | This project will address two, interrelated problems: developing advanced fusion technology, and demonstrating data-fusion's importance to the National and Theater Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) missions. Using primarily internal funds, we have implemented an experimental version of an innovative approach to BMD data-fusion. The program, called the Data Fusion Correlation Algorithm (DFCA), is installed in the SHIELD spaces of the Joint National Test Facility at Falcon Air Force Base, Colorado. It has been demonstrated in four NMD flight tests. We believe that the DFCA's innovative approach to sensor-fusion represents a quantum improvement over traditional approaches, but that the approach cannot be properly demonstrated with a laboratory model thrust prematurely into an operational setting. We propose, during Phase I, to design and implement algorithm enhancements which are critical for the environment in which the DFCA is being asked to perform, and then to demonstrate the enhanced capabilities using data from previous flight tests. In Phase II, we would continue enhancing the DFCA to meet operational requirements, and demonstrate its performance, in a wider variety of scenarios, during live tests and demonstrations. |
| DATAMAT SYSTEMS RESEARCH, INC.
8260 Greensboro Dr., Suite 255 McLean, VA 22102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 917-0880
Jerzy Bala BMDO 98-010 |
| Title: | Development of a Distributed Collaborative Decision Support Tool for Command Post of the Future |
| Abstract: | The ability to provide an accurate and integrated picture of the battle-space in order to support command level decision making is a crucial component of the modem advanced warfare management system. This ability can be significantly improved through the introduction of collaborative decision support tools. In this proposal Datamat Systems Research, Inc. (Datamat) presents the development of a class of such tools to support command post of the future. The proposed approach is based on (i) an application of distributed, hierarchical decision-making nodes, (ii) a mechanism for information abstraction/generalization, and (iii) a voting scheme for decision-making predictions. The implemented system is expected to be extremely effective in the new, information age nature of warfare domains where information sources are vastly dispersed in space and time. It directly supports pattern of operations defined in the Army/Joint vision 2010. |
| DATAMAT SYSTEMS RESEARCH, INC.
8260 Greensboro Dr., Suite 255 McLean, VA 22102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 917-0880
Helen Vafaie BMDO 98-010 |
| Title: | An Adapative Mulit-Agent Architecture for Collaborative Problem Solving in Command Post of the Future |
| Abstract: | The intelligent data processing tools of the command posts of the future must be able to take full advantage of the huge amount of available information by having a mechanism for the fusion of disparate types of data. The fusion of data can yield some information which may not be obtainable when the data are interpreted separately. The proposed work focuses on providing a general architecture for the fusion of real time heterogeneous data. This architecture is general enough to be used with different fusion algorithms. It allows for the addition of new fusion algorithms and new data types. The architecture also allows for adaptation to real time changes in the data. Two popular areas of Al are utilized: intelligent software agents and genetic algorithms. The independent nature of intelligent agents in a multi-agent environment allows them to work independently and in parallel on heterogeneous databases. The results can then be integrated through a collaborative schema. Genetic algorithms are utilized because of their efficiency in searching large data spaces and their adaptability to real time change. To increase human comprehensibility, advanced graphical visualization techniques are used to display the outputs of various modules of the system. |
| DOMINION TECHNOLOGY, INC.
7528 Dolce Drive Annandale, VA 22003 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 698-8807
Mark C. Sullivan BMDO 98-010 |
| Title: | Computer Architectures, Algorithms, and Models/Simulations |
| Abstract: | Dominion Technology proposes to reformulate common digital signal processing algorithms in a form particularly well suited to implementation using a reconfigurable computer based on Field Programmable Gate Arrays. Such techniques offer improvements in throughput of an order of magnitude or more compared to conventional algorithms implemented on programmable DSP chips as software. Dominion further proposes to formulate a design methodology that allows the designer to implement complex signal processing systems using these techniques without requiring any knowledge of the underlying hardware. Software design tools based on these methods would revolutionize DSP hardware design and greatly shorten design cycles. |
| KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS, INC.
1408 University Drive East, One KBSI Place College Station, TX 11840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(409) 260-5274
Dr. Dursun Delen BMDO 98-010 |
| Title: | Integrated Data Experimentation and Fusion System (IDEFS) |
| Abstract: | Adaptive data fusion techniques offer widespread potential for application in defense and space arena, ranging from computer vision based target recognition, coastal ocean sensing to geographical information systems. In an intuitive level, data fusion reflects human perception and decision-making capability in taking more than-one source of information into account. A unified approach for designing decision support systems that support data fusion can make an enormous difference in the ease and efficiency of the decision making. The proposed approach for this SBIR effort involves the development of an intelligent adaptive data fusion system using soft computing paradigms including neural networks, fuzzy logic and genetic algorithms. The key components of this approach involves in developing (i) a unified data representation scheme, (ii) a set of "data translators widgets" that help translate the raw data into the representation scheme, (iii) methodologies to iteratively develop intelligent data fusion systems based upon soft-computing approaches, (iv) methodologies to extract qualitative and quantitative knowledge out of the soft computing models, (v) methods that support multiple model integration, and (vi) experimentation and design rationale capture mechanisms. |
| NEW DIMENSION RESEARCH & INSTRUMENT, INC
60 South Bedford Street Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 933-1165
Dr. Jim Hang BMDO 98-010 |
| Title: | Fast Optical Compact Disk Drive |
| Abstract: | New dimension Research and Instruments proposed to develop an innovative optical CD drive, which allows simultaneously reading sixty-four bits at any given time. Different from any commercial available optical CD reader and writer (only one laser and one detector for reading one bit at any given time), there are at least 64 laser and detector pairs in our proposed the CD driver, which are built at same chip. It dramatically increases data processing time. The goal of the proposed phase I program is to demonstrate the feasibility to design and make a optical CD driver with a novel LDA chip. The major issue that must be resolved in the phase I program is to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed parallel read and write. The technical issues that must be resolved in the Phase I program are: 1. Determine optimum configuration for parallel read 32 bits from a rotating disk. 2. Determine optical parameters of VCSEL laser power, mode, f/number, and detector quantum efficiency, the laser and detector pitch for CD optical driver 3. Determine the optical parameters for focusing lens, tracking system Determine the optical disk formats for the parallel reading and writing. |
| NEW LIGHT INDUSTRIES, LTD.
9713 W. Sunset Hwy. Spokane, WA 99224 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(509) 456-8321
Stephen P. McGrew BMDO 98-010 |
| Title: | A New Reconfigurable, Compact, Fault-Tolerant, Very High-Speed, FGPA-based Image Processing Architecture |
| Abstract: | The newest generation of Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have up to half a million logic gates, connectable in arbitrary ways by down-loading a binary configuration file. These FPGA's, coupled to CCD arrays and trained using evolutionary techniques, offer a new and powerful approach to high speed, compact image processing systems. The proposed Phase I effort will develop a robust, reconfigurable, compact, fault-tolerant image processing and classification architecture as a new and innovative application of existing commercial off-the-shelf technology. The specific target application is a universal reader of holograms and other optically variable devices (OVDs) used internationally for anti-counterfeit/security on currency, credit cards, passports and identifica-tion cards. In addition to substantial commercial applications in the anticounterfeit/security industry, the resulting image processing archi-tecture will have potential applications of interest to the Department of Defense in missile interceptor guidance, multiple target tracking, and autonomous vehicle guidance. The potential market for a universal OVD (optical variable device) reader; is hundreds of millions of dollars per year. New Light Industries, Ltd., will both manufacture the readers and license the technology to other manufacturers. |
| REIFER CONSULTANTS, INC.
P.O. Box 4046 Torrance, CA 90510 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-4493
Donald J. Reifer BMDO 98-010 |
| Title: | Intrusion Detection and Recovery from Information Warfare Attacks |
| Abstract: | The ability to detect and recover from information warfare attacks is becoming more and more important as the use of networks proliferates within both government and the commercial sector. To counter identified threats, the contractor proposes to perform a vulnerability analysis using patterns of system architectures to identify weaknesses. Then, effective recovery methods will be mapped to the threat using game theory so that a time ordered sequence of events can be planned as the attack unfolds. Finally, a spreadsheet-like tool will be prepared to demonstrate the feasibility of using the approach to counter threats to critical systems that have damaging effects. The contactor will also conduct a market survey and examine the potential commercial market for products and services that can be generated using the detection and recovery methodology during Phase II should the feasibility demo be successful. |
| TIMESYS CORPORATION
4516 Henry Street #202 Pittsburgh, PA 15213 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(412) 681-6899
Ramakrishnan Srinivasan BMDO 98-010 |
| Title: | A Visual Environment for the Design & Integration of Object-Oriented RealTime Systems |
| Abstract: | We propose to investigate, design and prototype capabilities of a visual and friendly workbench environment called TimeBench for designing, modeling, analyzing, reusing and integrating object-oriented real-time systems. Class hierarchies and timing information of real-time and embedded systems will be represented visually and consistently. Object hierarchies and specified timing constraints will be used to generate code for specific targets and programming languages. Subsystems can be coded incrementally while retaining the timing behavior of the final workload. Any custom code added will be parsed to re-generate visual and semantic information automatically. A catalogue facility will enable COTS and custom components/classes to be reused consistently. Class hierarchies will be represented using real-time extensions to UML (Unified Modeling Language) resulting in RT-UML, which captures timing, scheduling and concurrency information in addition to relationships between subsystems, modules and classes. RT-UML representation will be tightly integrated with the timing analysis capabilities of TimeWiz, a tool which applies rate-monotonic analysis techniques. TimeBench will support a very large number of components and also be open and extensible, allowing software modules with new analysis techniques to be added as plug-and-play units. |
| AGUILA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
310 Via Vera Cruz, Suite 107 San Marcos, CA 92069 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 752-1194
Dr. Ligui Zhou BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | UV Imageable Thermosetting Polymers for Opticla Waveguides |
| Abstract: | The objective of this effort is to create new, low-cost, UV-imageable/thermosetting polymers for optical waveguides printed circuits that can be fabricated using conventional printed wire board fabrication processes. Benefits of these new polymers are (a) adjustable refractive in-dices. (b) high optical transparency with low optical losses, (c) exceptional thermal and me-chanical properties, (d) high chemical resistance, (e) no gas or water evolution during proc-essing, and (e) low cost. The proposed resin is a novel solventless, UV-imageable resin comprised of epoxy, bismaleimide, and cyanate ester, named CBE (Co-cured Bismaleimide-Epoxy). This new CBE resin forms a hardened, high-density polymer. The superior properties of this resin result from a novel, hybrid cyanate multifunctional curing agent, causing the cured resin to have exceptionally high cross-link density. The resins are also low cost and easily processable using conventional manufacturing equipment. |
| CORNERSTONE RESEARCH GROUP, INC.
2792 Indian Ripple Rd. Dayton, OH 45440 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 320-1877
Dr. Patrick J. Hood BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | High-Speed, Bistable Optical Switch |
| Abstract: | Optical switches are fundamental components of survivable fiber network architectures. They are required to enhance the performance of fiber optic networks through load shifting and to provide disaster recovery when communication links are lost. Optical networks will likely be employed in the next generation of military air- and spacecraft (e.g. JAF) to provide communication links between avionic components. Optical switches are an enabling technology for system recovery from battle-damage and black-box failure. The ability for an asset to automatically recover from a system failure or lost communication link without human intervention is especially important for military space-based vehicles. This program will employ a new class of liquid crystalline material, which is stable in multiple states, and existing high-speed electrooptic materials to fabricate a high-speed latching solid-state optical switch. The proposed device will be robust and operate over a wide temperature range (cryogenic to ~50°C). In Phase I of this program novel drive electronics will be developed to optimally utilize this new bistable materials technology. Currently, no bistable optical switch technology has been demonstrated which can meet the demands of military environments (especially space-environments). The technology proposed in this program can. |
| DENSENET CORP.
333 Ravenswood Avenue Menlo Park, CA 94025 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 859-4032
Yu Sheng Bai BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | High Speed / High Density Optical Storage Devices |
| Abstract: | DenseNet proposes to develop an innovative high density, non-volatile parallel access read/write memory using a proprietary two-photon effect in lithium niobate and other ferroelectric crystals. Our memory technology solves an important long-standing technical problem that has impeded the development of a practical optical read/write random access memory. All previous approaches, including conventional photorefractive holographic recording suffer from the volatility of the stored information upon readout. This volatility precludes the development of a read/write memory. Our proprietary approach will allow us to develop a non-volatile, read write memory with random access capabilities. Because the storage is non-volatile, the readout rate can be increased considerably. Because the recording of our proposed memory is via a two photon two-color effect, recording can be achieved not only holographically but also in a three-dimensional, non-holographic layer by layer recording. The goal of the Phase I effort will be to determine the technical feasibility of the two-photon concept as applied to appropriate recording techniques. Another goal of this study will be to identify the most cost effective technique for data storage applications. This study will serve as an input for the Phase II memory device design and development program. |
| E-LITE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
134 Benton Street Stratford, CT 06497 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 380-8517
Douglas A. George BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | Electroluminescent Nanocrystal/Quantum Dot Based Phosphors |
| Abstract: | This proposal aims to develop quantum-dot based nanophosphors, using cladded and doped nanocrystals. These high-efficiency and fast response (nanoseconds) phosphors will be utilized in Phase II for the fabrication of full color, flexible, flat panel displays and illuminators, utilizing self-assembly techniques. Doped nanocrystals have demonstrated enhanced photolurninescence (e.g. quantum efficiency rlq>l8% for <35 A diarneter ZnS:Mn) and dramatic reduction in response time (few nanoseconds rather than milliseconds for bulk). The proposed research will not only enable the development of faster and brighter electroluminescent (EL) structures but will also reduce the operating voltage from 200 Volts to ~5-lOVolts. E-Lite Technologies produces and markets uniform, low cost/large area flexible plastic illuminators for applications ranging from "Indigo" type watch-faces, up to 27" wide and up to 750 ft. long E-Lume lamps (see Figure 1). In collaboration with the University of Connecticut team, we are developing improved EL products, such as low voltage (9-28Volts) transparent lamps and supramolecular self-assemblies to realize efficient device structures. The BMDO's support through this SBIR Phase-I initiative will enable us to develop quantum-dot based EL technology, which in turn will enable us to penetrate a wider illuminator market that also extends in low information content flexible pixelated displays. |
| EAGLE OPTOELECTRONICS, INC.
223 Powderhorn Trail Broomfield, CO 80020 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 492-6707
Heinz Willebrand BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | A Robust Miniature, Multi-function, Dense WDM Demultiplexer/Receiver |
| Abstract: | This effort may be viewed as attempting to find the lowest technology, and thus, first commercializable use of meso-optics devices. These devices exploit wavelength-scale complex geometries and precision fabrication techniques to achieve their functionality. One of the conceptually simplest and most powerful devices is a high-resolution WDM demultiplexer. This proposal intends to extend research results in several ways of special benefit to a commercial device, and add a new active processing capability not yet demonstrated. In addition to its guided-wave, physically robust implementation and miniature chip-scale size, other potential advantages for optical communication systems are:-easy integration with conventional electronics on the same substrate -nanosecond tuning -low insertion loss -transparency to unselected wavelengths conserving optical power and facilitating simplified network architectures The proposal seeks to identify and begin development of techniques to enable: -low cost manufacture -integration into a highly-functional WDM receiver with minimal technological new development Because Eagle Optoelectronics holds the patent on a WDM receiver design that can make optimal use of such a meso optic demultiplexer, and because the initial developers of the research devices are also partners, this effort is well positioned to achieve success. |
| EAGLE OPTOELECTRONICS, INC.
223 Powderhorn Trail Broomfield, CO 80020 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 492-6707
Heinz Willebrand BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | Adaptive, High Performance Wireless Multiwavelength, Hybrid Terrestrial Laser Communication Network |
| Abstract: | Eagle Optoelectronics, LLC proposes to develop a wireless terrestrial laser communi-cation network for eyesafe operation in the 1.5 um wavelength range. The system uses an innovative low cost double-cladding Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) technology which is currently under development at the Naval Research Laboratory. Because of the operation in the 1.5 um wavelength band, the wireless part of the network will be wavelength compatible with long haul fiber optic networks. This should allow the building of a fully integrated hybrid fiber/wireless communica-tion network which receives information from a fiber based network, sends it through free space and routes it back into a fiber backbone without any electro-optical conversion. Among others, the system will have at least a 100 times higher link margin than commercially available laser communication systems; can be integrated seamless into optical fiber based backbones; will be eyesafe; will be able to carry "wireless" WDM traffic and will include an all-optical repeater station to enable wireless communication in non-line-of-sight environments. The Phase I approach will include component testing and evaluation, optical, design, building of a simple demonstrator, link evaluation and system studies. |
| ELSICON INCORPORATED
3521 Silverside Road Wilmington, DE 19810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(302) 478-2680
Dr. Brian P. McGinnis BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | An Ultrahigh Speed Demultiplexer for Optical Communication Systems |
| Abstract: | Elsicon Incorporated proposes to develop an optical demultiplexer appropriate for use in high bandwidth fiber-optic communication systems. The demultiplexer will be capable of reducing an optical input bit stream with an aggregate bit rate of greater than 100 Gbits/sec down to a 1 Gbit/sec baseband rate. Therefore, by distributing the full serial data stream among an array of these devices, ultrahigh bandwidth data can be read in parallel using conventional electronics. The key to this demultiplexer will be Elsicon's innovative and proprietary optical switch design. This design will use readily available commercial components along with well-known concepts in linear and nonlinear optics to produce a device that functions as an ultrafast optical gate. We will fabricate a prototype optical demultiplexer based on low-cost commercially available components. The optical demultiplexer's response will be characterized for switching speed, on-off contrast, clock energy, throughput, and sensitivity. The results of this Phase I proposal will be used in Phase II to fabricate packaged demultiplexers ready for incorporation into optical communications systems. |
| HOULTON PHOTONICS
55 Main Street, #3 Houlton, ME 04730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(207) 521-0190
Alfred J. Negri BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | Terabit Optoelectronic Matrix Array and Photonics Submount for Optoelectonics-Based Computing and Signal Processing |
| Abstract: | Electronic-based interconnections, whether chip-to-chip or between systems, are interently hierarchical. As these interconnects become large so does the total interconnect cross-sectional area. This leads to the formation of information bottlenecks. The future of computer systems will depend on the elimination of these bottlenecks and without question these systems will rely upon the use of photonics-based components. Fiber optic technology has the intrinsically high bandwidth needed to meet the future demands for high performance information processing. However, practical use of high-bandwidth photonics-based computers, and signal processors, will depend on the availability and acceptance of low-cost, high performance optoelectronics-based components. These components are necessary to fully develop the following key technology areas that are needed to make the transition from electronics to optoelectronics. The key technology areas are: hgih-speed optical memory to buffer data, optical header recognition and high-speed switching. The proposed research is to develop a novel, ultra-fast (Terabit/Photodetector), two dimensional photodetector matrtix array building block for "Photonics Information Processing." This matrix array is based on a novel Metal Semiconductor-Metal photodetector technology and a novel polymer waveguide-based photonic submount. |
| IN-DEPTH IMAGING
4729 Shadwell Place San Diego, CA 92130 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 793-8230
Dr. James Thomas BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | Real-time 3-D quantitative imaging by a slit-scan chromatic confocal microscopy |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a precision 3-D quantitative imaging technique using a slit chromatic confocal microscope. In contrast to the existing 3-D imaging methods, the proposed technique is capable of acquiring a depth-section image in a single shot, and then scanning through the remaining lateral direction for complete 3-D object information. The advantages of the proposed system over conventional techniques include the ability of the novel method to perform a single-shot measurement of a surface cross-section, a simpler and therefore less expensive optical system design, and simplified signal and image processing that can be realized with an inexpensive computing system. These advantages make our novel technique suitable for performing on-line 3-D imaging/measurement in a realistic manufacturing system and even possibly in a severe manufacturing environment. The main goal of phase I of this project will be to perform a detailed design of the proposed 3-D quantitative imaging system, construction and testing of the initial system prototype, characterization of system functionality and performance, and development of computer software for data acquisition, signal and image processing. The work will set stage for phase II, of which the objective is to build a commercial viable prototype in coordination with industry standards. |
| INTELLIGENT FIBER OPTIC SYSTEMS (IFOS)
1778 Fordham Way Mountain View, CA 94040 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 967-4107
Dr. Behzad Moslehi BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | All-fiber Ultra-High-Speed Add-Drop Multiplexer for Wavelength-Division-Multiplexed Photonic Networks |
| Abstract: | Drop Multiplexers are crucial for advanced multi-wavelength optical communication and sensor systems. IFOS has a new approach for in-line, all-fiber, compact, low-cost Add-Drop-Multiplexers (ADMs) for selecting, adding, dropping and ultra-high-speed switching of wavelength channels in such systems. This proprietary four-port ADM design is based on a novel combination of leading-edge technologies: (1) special wavelength-selective field access fiber substrates utilizing side-removed fibers containing gratings and (2) an active-optical-polymer thin films. The gratings provide wavelength selectivity. The polymer provides grating wavelength tuning and wavelength channel switching. The side-removed-fiber couples grating and polymer to the system' s main fiber bus with low insertion loss. With a strong multi-disciplinary team, our Phase I objectives are to: (1) model and optimize the IFOS ADM design including electrode geometry, (2) fabricate the fiber substrates, (3) deposit and pole polymer thin-film variable-index overlays, (4) construct and test active 4-port ADMs employing controlled inter-fiber coupling. First generation IFOS ADMs will enable optical network signal selection/routing with minimal local optical power. |
| LASER POWER CORPORATION
12777 High Bluff Drive San Diego, CA 92130 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 755-0700
Timothy L. Boyd BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | 300 Gbit/Sec Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) Transmitter |
| Abstract: | Very high data rate optical communications technologies are required by the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization and by the telecommunications industry for integration into future networks and autonomous systems. Laser Power Corporation (LPC) offers a unique diode laser pumped solid state laser technology that enables maximum possible system information rates at the highly desired 1.5 um wavelength band utilizing dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM). This laser technology allows production of monolithic high data rate transmitter modules with higher power, lower noise and narrower linewidth than competing semiconductor systems. In addition to all of the advantages offered by solid state lasers, the LPC 1.5 um lasers have chirping capability (self-frequency modulation) which allows the suppression of nonlinear propagation effects such as stimulated Brilliuon scattering (SBS) in long fiber runs. |
| LIGHTWAVE MICROSYSTEMS CORP.
2950 Scott Blvd Santa Clara, CA 95054 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 748-6276
Dr. John Kennedy BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | Low Cost WDM Component Technology for Bit-Parallel Fiber Optic Computer Networks |
| Abstract: | The bit-parallel fiber optic computing network is based on sending all bits in a word on parallel wavelength channels. A high-powered shepherd pulse launched with the signal wavelengths exploits the nonlinear response of the optical fiber to cancel dispersion and thus prevent temporal dephasing of synchronous signal bits. In this Phase I proposal, Lightwave Microsystems will design and fabricate integrated optoelectronic components related to the bit-parallel network. These elements include a 2x2 optical switch and 1:8 splitter based on directional couplers, and a 4-channel multiplexer/demultiplexer based on arrayed waveguide grating technology operating at 1550 nm. Samples of these three devices will be delivered to Dr. Larry Bergman at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, where they will be tested. The tests will determine the devices' applicability to the bit-parallel network, and how the shepherd pulse interacts with the optical devices. At the conclusion of this Phase I proposal, a preliminary design will be created for integrating the switch, splitter, and multiplexer to create 6x6 switching node for the bit-parallel network. |
| NOMADICS INC.
PO Box 2496 Stillwater, OK 74076 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(405) 372-9535
Joel Roark BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | High Faraday Rotation Optical Waveguides for Application in Optical Circulators for Telecommunications |
| Abstract: | The fabrication of highly efficient Faraday-active optical waveguide structures is proposed. Faraday-active waveguides are presently of great interest as their development is the critical enabling technology associated with the demonstration of an all-fiber optical circulator. Such devices, which may be characterized as multiport nonreciprocal polarization rotators, provide a means by which the telecommunications rate may be immediately doubled on existing optical fiber carrier infrastructure. Successful implementation will lead to full-duplex operation over "long haul" fiber carriers. The suggested circulator approach is passive, and does not therefore require external clocking controls. Separation of the signals is based only upon propagation direction; no additional losses are imposed on transmitted signals, as in the case of conventional directional couplers. We propose the use of advanced thin film techniques in the development of optical fiber segments that exhibit Faraday rotation through the introduction of high Verdet constant materials. The proposed technology will replace conventional bulk optics technologies, as waveguide structures with dramatically- improved figures of merit will be developed and characterized during the initial Phase I period. The Phase I program also includes the advancement of fiber fabrication methods and a design assessment for optical circulator prototype development. |
| NP PHOTONIC TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
5507 North Paseo Ventoso Tucson, AZ 85715 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 577-1147
Tao Luo BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | Novel ER3+ Glass Fiber Amplifiers with Extremely High Gain Coefficient |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop novel Er3+-doped glass fiber amplifiers for the lossless beam splitter of the 1.54 um optical communication networks . This special glass fiber will exhibit both ultra high gain coefficient and extremely low cost, less than 1% of today's price. Our goal is to demonstrate a gain coefficient greater than 5dB/cm in this special glass fiber . Therefore, the length of the Er3+--doped fiber for amplifiers will be as short as 5cm. Such a unique short fiber amplifier is the ideai choice to construct an integrated, compact, and rugged lossless beam splitter, which is one of the key devices to realize Fiber-To-The-Home (FTTH). The demonstration of this technology will pave the way for the emerging ultrahigh speed optical networks using dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) . |
| NP PHOTONIC TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
5507 North Paseo Ventoso Tucson, AZ 85715 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 577-1147
Tao Luo BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | Large-scale manufacturing of photorefractive polymers by precision injection molding |
| Abstract: | Photorefractive polymers have emerged as a powerful class of real-time and reconfigurable holographic recording materials. This project will focus on the development of thermoplastic photorefractive polymers that can be fabricated into various films and shapes by precision injection molding and/or by extrusion. This effort will lead to large-scale manufacturing of low cost and reliable organic photorefractive devices. Numerous fields of applications for photorefractive materials including holographic storage, optical correlation, phase conjugation, non-destructive evaluation, and imaging will benefit from the first commercial availability of a new generation of photorefractive polymers. |
| NP PHOTONIC TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
5507 North Paseo Ventoso Tucson, AZ 85715 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 577-1147
Nina Nordman BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | Heterogeneous VCSEL Array Integration with Silicon Substrate |
| Abstract: | We propose to heterogeneously integrate a large array (64x64) of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with a silicon substrate. This work takes advantage of the recently developed applique technique that quasi-monolithically integrates VCSELs with foundry processed CMOS chips. This development work will concentrate on obtaining yields of 100% for VCSELs in the array while maintaining the compatibility of the applique process to the heterogeneous integration with CMOS drive circuitry. |
| PICOLIGHT INCORPORATED
4622 Sunshine Canyon Dr. Boulder, CO 80302 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 546-0567
Jack L. Jewell BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | Passively Aligned Single-Mode VCSEL Transceivers |
| Abstract: | This Phase I Small Business Innovation Research proposal aims to develop a revolutionary single-mode optical sub-assembly (SMOSA), i.e. a laser or detector having external electrical connections and which has efficient optical coupling with a single-mode fiber. The proposed SMOSA is distinguished from existing single-mode technology in that it: 1) is based on vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs); 2) does not require the laser or detector to be activated for alignment (i.e. it is passively aligned); and 3) should have an overall cost which is drastically lower. Other advantages of the SMOSA are detailed in the proposal, which also distinguish it from existing technology. The Phase I program will first perform rigorous simulations to evaluate tolerances to translational and angular alignments and to beam, fiber and other imperfections. The simulations will be carried out for both transmit and receive ends of the fiber. Experiments will then be performed to evaluate the ability to package VCSELs and detectors within the tolerances using only passive alignment. Results of all these activities will be combined with other practical evaluations to determine the feasibility of manufacturing single-mode transceivers by the proposed method. Ruggedness and reliability tests will be performed in the Phase II development. |
| Q-DOT, INC.
1069 Elkton Drive Colorado Springs, CO 80907 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 590-1112
Michael E. Harrell BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | A 5 Terabit/Second EO Transceiver (Q-DOT Research Proposal 9551) |
| Abstract: | Q-DOT proposes to develop a small, light weight, low-power, multi-channel EO trans-ceiver capable of 10 Gbit/second/channel to support emerging high-speed processors. Currently, the performance of both ground-based and missile-borne processors is constrained by slow data links. As processors continue to increase in speed and complexity, the need for a high speed data link will become acute. The proposed transceiver will simultaneously transmit 256 channels of data while it receives 256 channels of data. The combined data rate exceeds 5 Terabit/second. The transceiver will mount on an RF board in a 15 mm x 15 mm (0.6" x 0.6") space. Data moves optically from board to board over a 5 mm x 5 mm (0.2" x 0.2") optical fiber bundle over a distance of at least 3 M (10'). Sanders will support the transceiver development with its optical expertise and has already demonstrated suitable optical components. Phase I will focus on designing SiGe BiCMOS driver/receiver chips and transmission line interfaces. A single-channel demonstration at 10 Gbit/second is proposed as a Phase I option. A 512 channel EO transceiver will be realized in Phase II. Q-DOT will work with Sanders to commercialize the 5 Tbit/second E0 transceiver in Phase III. |
| RADIANT RESEARCH INC.
9430 Research Blvd., Echelon IV,Suite 305 Austin, TX 78759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 338-4942
Dr. Brian M. Davies BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | Single-mode Wavelength Division Demultiplexer for Bit-Parallel Fiber Optic Networks |
| Abstract: | Electrical interconnections have failed to provide gigabit/sec speeds when interconnection distances extend beyond 10 meters. Employment of optical interconnections becomes necessary to solve this problem. For this program, Radiant Research, Inc. proposes a single-mode wavelength division demultiplexer (WDDM) that can support an aggregate bandwidth of up to 1000 Gbits/sec'2hd operates with the wavelength separations needed for the JPL (Jet Propulsion Laboratory) bit-parallel (BP) network architecture. Such a device is pivotal not only for the BMDO/JPL-BP network but also for optical sensor and telecommunications applications. Based on our previous work on multimode WDDMs, the new device proposed herein will be a natural continuation of our work on multi-wavelength--based optical interconnects. Several unique features are provided through the proposed idea. The bouncing distance adjustability offers a wide tunability of wavelength separation of the WDDM, ranging from sub-nanometer to tens of nanometers, which covers all the WDDM protocols, including the JPL BP specifications and the International Telecommunications Union standards. The use of volume holograms as the dispersive elements significantly increases the diffraction efficiency (up to 100%), reducing system insertion loss and yielding a better power budget. |
| RAMAR CORPORATION
71 Lyman Street Northborough, MA 01532 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 393-4225
Anantha Narayanan Subrama BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | A high bit rate optical analog to digital converter |
| Abstract: | High speed optical computing and optical signal processing has produced considerable interest in the development of high resolution, high sampling rate optical analog to digital converters. High speed ADCs that utilize integrated optical waveguide technology play an important role in the development of these systems. Ramar Corp. proposes a novel optical A/D converter design which replaces the standard Mach-Zehnder interferometer design. This design is more efficient, smaller in size, achieve higher bandwidth and have better insertion loss than Mach-Zehnder design. Incorporating the Symmetric Number System technique with the proposed design, reduces the number of interferometers required, there by increasing the resolution to more than one bit per interferometer. |
| TACAN CORPORATION
2330 Faraday Ave. Carlsbad, CA 92008 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 438-1010
Yongqiang Shi BMDO 98-011 |
| Title: | Electro-optic polymer modulator arrays for bit-parallel wavelength division multiplexed networks |
| Abstract: | An unconventional and novel technology of integrating fiber-optic half blocks and epitaxial lift-off semiconductor layers is proposed for the fabrication of rugged in-line electro-optic modulators with ultralow insertion loss. The proposed in-line electro-optic modulator has many advantages over other modulator technologies. The self-pigtailed fiber-optic half block provides low-loss, high throughput input/output coupling to the network, and the ELO semiconductor thin c film provide an efficient, stable electro-optic modulation of the optical beam. The in-line modulator employs a continuous optical fiber with a partially exposed propagation mode. The epilayer is bonded to the fiber half block by Van der Waals force. Because there is no fiber breakage, no epoxy, and no organic materials : used in packaging, the modulator will have a maximum mechanical stability which will be particularly useful in aviation and space applications. This effort will investigate the feasibility of using the proposed technologies to fabricate a family of high performance and high stability in-line modulators with insertion loss down to ~t dB. In Phase I, the modulator design, fabrication technology, and package issues will be studied and an experimental in-line modulator will be fabricated for initial testing. |
| ACTIVE CONTROL EXPERTS, INC.
215 First Street Cambridge, MA 02142 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 577-0700
Mr. Jeffrey Moore BMDO 98-012 |
| Title: | Hybrid Vibration Control Actuator Systems |
| Abstract: | Active Control eXperts, (ACX) Inc. proposes to design, fabricate, and demonstrate a novel hybrid vibration ccntrol actuator system capable of very precise, controllable motion. This system will combine the advantages of a capacitive actuator with feedback control capability. This system will possess the force and stroke characteristics of a small hydraulic device and the bandwidth of electric motors. Capacitive devices such as piezoceramic actuators exhibit much more desirable mechanical and electrical characteristics. They have a very efficient coupling of energy from applied charge to mechanical strain which results in a high bandwidth and large force output with negligible resistive heating. The actuator system proposed will utilize piezoceramics with a mechanical advantage to magnify the piezoceramic actuation strain. The mechanical advantage will be accomplished by a flexural mechanical lever stage which is displaced by the piezoceramic motion. The actuator will be instrumented to provide position feedback under this proposed program. This internal servo loop will be implemented to ensure a high degree of accuracy to commanded displacements or forces. This accuracy is needed for actively controlled mounting systems and positioning devices. |
| KAZAK COMPOSITES INCORPORATED
32 Cummings Park Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 932-5667
Dr. Jerome P. Fanucci BMDO 98-012 |
| Title: | Low Cost and Ultralightweight Active Vibration Control Structures Utilizing Pultruded Piezoelectric Fibers |
| Abstract: | This program describes development of an advanced product called Smart Elements for application to spaceborne BMDO systems subject to severe weight constraints coupled with dimensional control and stability requirements. Smart Elements are low cost, continuously-produced pultruded composite lineal shapes (such as a rod) which combine three elements of smart or active control structure - the composite structural element, a continuously distributed piezoelectric actuator, and the electrode structure to energize the actuator. With the addition of sensor and control electronics, a complete "smart" or active structure is created. This provides one to two orders of magnitude improvement in vibration control through the use of active damping and embedded shape control, all at very significant weight and costs savings compared with traditional spacecraft design practice. Smart Elements are possible through two recent developments - availability of piezoelectric materials such as PZT in fiber form and advances in state-of-the-art for the pultrusion process which can accommodate such brittle fiber forms. KaZaK and its Principal Investigator are experienced in this field, having produced the first pultruded composite with an embedded piezoceramic actuator in 1991 very similar to the smart structure now commercially used in the ski industry. |
| MS TECHNOLOGY
7922 Avenida Kirjah La Jolla, CA 92037 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 558-6293
Dr. Saeid Ghamaty BMDO 98-012 |
| Title: | Low Cost Components Manufacturing |
| Abstract: | The transition of the defense oriented technologies into the commercial market is needed to maintain a strong advanced materials industry. Cost is the primary consideration in the commercial market. Therefore, manufacturing processes are needed to fabricate components from advanced materials that are affordable and competitive on a cost basis with current materials. MS Technology (MST) proposes to combine defense technologies to manufacture advanced ceramic matrix composites at affordable costs. A new laminar ceramic matrix composite (CMC) of a ceria-zirconia matrix reinforced with layers of CeO2-ZrO2 and Al203 ceramics has been developed by defense industries. These layered composites have the potential for fracture toughness as high as some tool steels, up to 40 MPa-m1/2. Currently, this new CMC cannot be made into practical and inexpensive, commercial components. In view of this, MST has started its own project to develop a desktop manufacturing system for structural monolithic ceramics using a laminated object manufacturing (LOM) technique. The LOM technique is uniquely suited to manufacture layered CMCs. The main objective of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility of manufacturing layered CMCs using the LOM technique. Another objective will be to develop the equipment and processes so that layered composites can be manufactured for ballistic missile defense or other commercial applications at reasonable costs. |
| POWDERMET, INC.
9960 Glenoaks Blvd., Unit A Sun Valley, CA 91352 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 768-6420
Mr. Asit Biswas BMDO 98-012 |
| Title: | High Volume Reinforced Low Cost CMC's |
| Abstract: | The proposed Phase I SBIR program will result in the development of an innovative, net shape processing technique which enables nanolevel control over composite compositions combined with independent rnacrolevel control over microstructures to achieve improved ceramic matrix composite materials The program will result in higher strength and modulus, lighter-weight, more environmentally resistant, and lower cost composite materials that can be fabricated net shape using traditional pressure assisted sintering techniques Specifically, Powdermet will demonstrate the fabrication of 30-60 v% SiC reinforced alumina composites showing improved strength, modulus, reliability, and durability Cost improvement over alternate materials will be demonstrated through an unique processing approach enabling very high reinforcement contents, combined with low cost net shape fabrication techniques. |
| SPECIALIZED ANALYSIS ENGINEERING
2909 12th Ave South Nashville, TN 37204 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(615) 292-7022
Dr. Clay Carter BMDO 98-012 |
| Title: | Remotely Detecting Damage in Critical Structural Bolted Joints |
| Abstract: | novel remote non-destructive inspection and evaluation (N I&E) method for detecting and quantifying damage in critical bolted joints on military and commercial structures is proposed. The NDI&E method utilizes remotely located impedance sensor to periodically monitor changes in the structural stiffness, mass and damping. Damage to the joint fasteners or connection materials causes direct changes in the overall joint stiffness and damping. Mass changes also occur but are usually of lower order significance. The impedance sensors consist of small piezoelectric patches that are used to directly measure the structure's dynamic response. Because the sensors are very lightweight, robust, and inexpensive, they can be readily located at critical inspection points over an entire structure. With the sensors in place, the structural integrity can be inspected [remotely from outside the structure, and the resulting signals can be integrated into control systems. Recent advances in signal processing techniques may yield additional concise information pertaining to the nature of the damage. The method can potentially save millions of dollars on inspection and operation costs over the life of a structure. |
| UTRON, INC.
8506 Wellington Rd, Suite 200 Manassas, VA 20109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 369-5552
Arul Mozhi BMDO 98-012 |
| Title: | Discontinuously Reinforced Aluminum Composite Structures by Pulsed Spray Forming |
| Abstract: | BMDO seeks innovative fabrication approaches to cut structure cost and innovative use of advanced materials to minimize structure weight. UTRON proposes to develop a new pulsed spray forming technique to establish a new means of fabricating DRA composites. The pulsed nature of the device will enable it to selectively use a high momentum flux medium to atomize molten aluminum droplets and spray ceramic powders, thus tailoring the microstructure of a spray formed DRA composite. In addition, this spray forming technique can be integrated with Rapid Prototyping technology. The proposed technique will allow the fabrication of finished DRA component parts with 1) fine microstructure, 2) excellent uniformity, 3) tailor made composition, and 4) desired material properties. During Phase I, UTRON proposes to: 1) Perform analysis to establish point design requirements and experimental parameters to spray form DRA composite structures. 2) Design a prototype device to spray form a 1/4" thick DRA composite sample of 12" x 12" area. Anticipated Phase II objectives will be to: 1) Build an engineering prototype and fabricate a large scale DRA composite structure, and 2) Integrate a CAD system with the pulsed spray forming system to establish rapid prototyping capability. |
| CCVD, INC., DBA MICROCOATING TECHNOLOGIE
3901 Green Industrial Way Chamblee, GA 30341 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 457-7767
Subu Shanmugham BMDO 98-013 |
| Title: | Low Cost CCVD Mullite and Alumina-Titania Interface Coatings for Ceramic Matrix Composites |
| Abstract: | Nicalon fiber-reinforced SiC matrix composites owe their good mechanical properties at room temperature to either C or BN interfaces, which provide a weak interfacial bond. However, C and BN interfaces encounter oxidation problems at elevated temperatures in oxidizing environments resulting in degradation of mechanical properties. Recent efforts to replace C and BN interfaces have identified alumina-titania and mullite as potential interface materials. However, the sol-gel deposition of alumina-titania and mullite coatings directly on Nicalon fibers degrade the fibers and result in Nicalon/SiC composites with low strength and toughness in the as-processed condition. Hence, there is a need to deposit these oxide coatings by alternative low cost approaches without degrading Nicalon fibers to obtain Nicalon/SiC composites with desired strength and toughness. The Combustion Chemical Vapor Deposition (CCVDsm) technique can quickly apply uniform, high quality, dense thin films of metals and oxides in a continuous manner at atmospheric pressure. The high quality CCVD process is low cost and versatile. It does not require a reaction chamber or furnace, yet the thin films produced are comparable in quality to CVD films, and CCVD technology allows substrates to be continuously passed through a deposition zone for production line or large area coatings. In this Phase I effort, alumina-titania and mullite films will be deposited by CCVD initially on flat substrates, such as LaAlO3, YSZ, and SiC. Subsequently, the deposition of alumina-titania and mullite coatings ( if necessary thin fugitive C coatings) will be carried out on Nicalon fibers and the morphology, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the coated fibers will be determined as a function of deposition conditions. A series of run studies will be performed to optimize the process, then a final run series will be performed to demonstrate reproducibility. This research will demonstrate the capability of CCVD to inexpensively deposit high quality, dense, smooth thin films of alumina-titania and mullite on to Nicalon without degradation of fiber strength for composite a |
| KARTA TECHNOLOGY, INC.
1892 Grandstand San Antonio, TX 78238 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(210) 681-9102
Dr. Madhav Rao Govindaraj BMDO 98-013 |
| Title: | Development of Laser Fusion Coatings for Improving Oxidation Resistance of C/C Composites |
| Abstract: | Spacecraft structural components operate under extreme temperatures, and stresses. These harsh operating conditions and the necessity of using materials with high strength-to-weight ratio requires the use of advanced materials such as carbon-carbon (C/C) composites. Poor oxidation resistance is a major problem for C/C composites which limits their use to inert atmospheres or applications requiring short-term exposure to air. The most common methods to apply the surface coatings are by chemical vapor deposition and slurry coatings. However, these methods involve the use of vacuum which will not permit these techniques to be used on large scale structures. Hence, there exists a need to develop a surface coating technology to improve the service life of C/C composites above their current capabilities. Karta proposes to develop an innovative coating technology using lasers for forming complex phase coatings on C/C composites to improve their oxidation resistance. The technique involves preparation of a complex composition salt paste, placement of the paste on the composite substrate, and irradiation of the paste and the substrate with a laser. The microstructure and oxidation resistance coated samples will be evaluated. The inherent advantages of laser processing makes this approach very promising and has the capability to meet the industrial needs in enhancing the performance of composites. |
| KAZAK COMPOSITES INCORPORATED
32 Cummings Park Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 932-5668
James J. Gorman BMDO 98-013 |
| Title: | Precision Manufacturing of Co-Axially Hybridized Composite Rods for High Performance Deployable Space Structure |
| Abstract: | Large coilable booms are used to deploy sensors, antennas and other hardware from satellites. These booms are truss-like structures, often 100 feet or more long, constructed from small diameter S-glass/epoxy rods. Booms are designed to be tightly packed for launch. This places severe demands on the structural materials. Rods are currently made by the pultrusion process. KCI proposes to investigate several significant design and manufacturing process advances that could improve boom performance. First, we will investigate use of liquid metal or other non-solid tooling in place of conventional steel dies for consolidation and cure during the processing of rods. Second, we will investigate benefits of material hybridization in specially-controlled geometries to greatly increase the weight-specific axial and bending rigidity of pultruded rods for boom application. Coilable boom performance is closely tied to these structural properties. Finally, we will investigate the possibility of using fiber hybridization to achieve an arbitrary coefficient of thermal expansion in a pultruded composite structure. We will work with AEC, a major fabricator of coilable booms for spacecraft, to estimate performance improvements in typical masts that could be attained by application of KCI's hybrid composite rod technology. |
| MAXDEM INCORPORATED
140 E. Arrow Highway San Dimas, CA 91773 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(909) 394-0644
Mark S. Trimmer BMDO 98-013 |
| Title: | Thermosetting Polyarylene Matrix Resins |
| Abstract: | Current and future aerospace systems require new cost-effective, high-temperature composite matrix resins without chemical functional groups that are susceptible to hydrolysis (e.g., imides). Maxdem has developed novel rigid-rod polyparaphenylenes, designated Poly-X(TM) resins, with unique combinations of processability, mechanical strength and stiffness, hardness, toughness, moisture and chemical resistance, thermal stability, and competitive cost. High compressive strength thermoplastic composites have been fabricated with Poly-X(TM) matrix resins, but softening temperatures are too low for many aerospace applications. However, preliminary results suggest that related thermoset polyarylene formulations can be made that show little or no moisture uptake, contain no hydrolyzable chemical moieties, and have high softening temperatures after cure. During the proposed Phase I effort, initial thermosetting polyarylene compositions will be prepared and demonstrated to be useful as matrix resins for high-temperature structural composites. Key Phase I objectives include verification of the high-temperature utility, hygrothermal stability, and practical processability and curing chemistry of the proposed polyarylene formulations. If successful, the results will support additional resin optimization studies and fabrication of the most promising candidate resins into prepregs and composite test coupons for more detailed mechanical and thermal evaluation during Phase II efforts. |
| MONTEC ASSOCIATES, INC
P.O. Box 4182 Butte, MT 59702 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(406) 494-5555
David P. Haack BMDO 98-013 |
| Title: | Cold Electrostatic Deposition of Materials on Heat Sensitive and Other Substrates |
| Abstract: | The proposed process will provide the capability to deposit metal coatings onto heat sensitive composite substrates. The process eliminates problems associated with thermal spray technologies, including oxidation, contamination and overheating of the coating and substrate materials. This process enables dense, adherent coatings to be applied to low temperature composite materials for wear, corrosion and temperature resistant surfaces. The innovation employs a proprietary method to propel molten metallic and other powders to a substrate where they are deposited to form protective coatings. The process significantly reduces the heat imparted to the substrate surface compared to conventional thermal spray technologies. Phase I will examine the feasibility of the process to coat temperature sensitive materials with metallic materials, and will evaluate the strength and adhesion properties of the deposited coating. A prototype system will be constructed and tested. Phase II R/R&D will examine the application of desirable coatings and their properties, and will develop systems capable of coating large structures at remote sites. Phase 111 will implement a commercialization plan to market and sell coating systems to composite and equipment manufacturers. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Hartmut H. Legner BMDO 98-013 |
| Title: | Lightweight Structural Composites |
| Abstract: | Space structures and high-speed interceptor technology can be significantly enhanced if lighter weight composite structural materials that possess inherently high-strength damage-resistant properties can be developed on a cost-effective basis. A novel laminated sandwich composite concept is proposed that has the potential to significantly improve upon stiffened composites in use today. Current stiffened composites such as honeycomb cored laminates have limited high-temperature applications for advanced space and ground systems and generally are costly to fabricate and maintain. Innovative composite material concepts are proposed which offer significant potential improvement in service durability as well as lost cost of fabrication. The concepts consist of laminated face plates with foamed cores. The concepts utilize the addition of fibers into the foam core to provide increased shear strength. Through-the-thickness--oriented-reinforcement of the face plate provides additional impact resistance due to its crack arresting qualities. |
| QUANTUM MAGNETICS, INC.
7740 Kenamar Ct. San Diego, CA 92126 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 566-9200
Dr. Stephanie Vierkotter BMDO 98-013 |
| Title: | Non-Destructive Evaluation of Fiber-Reinforced Composites for In-Service Maintenance and Fabrication Control via Embedded NQR Strain Sensors |
| Abstract: | Fiber-reinforced composites are lightweight, high-performance materials that play a critical role in the design of space structures, surface launched interceptors and other ground and space based systems. Quality control in-service and during fabrication is of paramount importance to maximizing the capability of advanced composites and to increase cost effectiveness. What is needed is a non-destructive evaluation (NDE) method to easily monitor the condition of the composite during its entire lifetime, preferably with embedded sensors which must not perturb the properties of the composite. Quantum Magnetics is proposing a novel nondestructive strain sensor for this application. By measuring internal and surface strains, flaws in the composite structure can be detected at their onset. Early flaw detection will prevent catastrophic failures, costly repairs and serve as quality control during fabrication. No external stress needs to be applied to the tested structure. The proposed strain gage is based on the principle of Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR). 1-5wt% of crystalline additives is blended into the resin during fabrication of the composite structure. For testing, the composite is irradiated with radio frequencies to evoke an NQR response from the embedded crystals, which is a linear function of strain. |
| SURFACE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
207 Big Springs Avenue, P.O. Box 370 Tullahoma, TN 37388 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 666-6080
Michael A. Riley BMDO 98-013 |
| Title: | Laser Induced Surface Modification of Metals for Low-cost Manaufacturing of Improved Wear Surfaces |
| Abstract: | Surface Treatment Technologies, Inc., proposes the application of Laser Induced Surface Improvement (LISI) technology for the high-throughput, low-cost modification of metal surfaces to promote enhanced wear and impact resistance. The LISI approach involves the application of laser energy to a small spot and inducing a shallow (< lmm) melt-pool on the surface of a base metal. Included in this melt-pool are powder master-alloying additions of metals, ceramics, or compounding additives. As the laser is rapidly scanned over a surface, the top lmm of the base metal is transformed into a new alloy with pre-selected material properties and protective surfaces (wear, corrosion, thermal transient, impact, atomic oxygen, etc.). Because of the method of formation in which the surface is grown from the base alloy, a LISI modification has excellent chemical and mechanical bonding to the substrate - it is not a coating in the traditional sense. Further, the LISI manufacturing process has proven to be environmentally friendly and relatively inexpensive. This effort shall focus on the design and evaluation of LISI surfaces on lightweight materials for wear and other potential applications. Master alloying additions, laser optics, laser energy, tracking speed, and zone overlap will all be addressed. |
| SYSCOM TECHNOLOGY, INC.
2880 Wynneleaf Street Hilliard, OH 43026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 255-9125
Jar-Wha Lee BMDO 98-013 |
| Title: | Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymers for Extreme Temperature Structural Applications |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I program will test a solution processing scheme for fabricating shaped structural components, such as sheets and tubes, from a class of rigid-chain lyotropic liquid crystalline polymers. This class of polymers includes rigid-rod polymers such as poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole) (PBZT) and extended-chain polymers such as poly(p-phenylene terephthalarnide) (PPTA). These polymers usually do not melt upon heating to their degradation temperature at approximately 500°C. Therefore, normally, they are extruded and coagulated from their liquid crystalline solutions into high-strength, high-modulus fibers. In this Phase I research program, the rigid-chain lyotropic liquid crystalline polymers will be processed into monolithic, shaped structural components via a thermally reversible phase transformation of their concentrated solutions. The thermal formation of the structural components can be carried out by conventional extrusion and molding techniques used for thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers. The highly anisotropic liquid crystalline solutions allow the shaped structural components to be processed with significant molecular orientation, giving rise to self-reinforcing mechanical properties. These structural components are expected to have the essential thermal and mechanical properties for stringent applications at both cryogenic and elevated temperatures. |
| TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT & TRANSFER, INC.
133 Defense Highway #212 Annapolis, MD 21401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 261-8373
Dr. Tony Ying BMDO 98-013 |
| Title: | Quasicrystalline Lubricants for Aerospace Applications |
| Abstract: | Moving mechanisms for satellites as well as missile propulsion and space power require significant improvements in the temperature capabilities of lubricant materials and lubrication systems. The Wear Sciences and Coatings Group of TA&T, Inc. is pleased to propose a significant state-of-the-art advance in wide temperature range solid lubrication. Using closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering, unique Al-Cu-Fe-Cr and Al-Co-Fe-Cr quasicrystalline coatings offer the potential for both low friction and low wear from ambient up to as high as 900°C plus. Scratch adhesion, nanoindentation hardness, braile indentation, room and high temperature friction and wear tests will be used for comparing the physical and tribo-characteristics of the experimental films. Inconel 718 will be coated with the most promising coatings and tested under start-up and touch-down conditions indicative of foil bearings. These tests and post test analyses will provide the basis for coating refinements, foil bearing, rolling element bearing, fretting and abradable seal testing in Phase II. |
| UTRON, INC.
8506 Wellington Rd, Suite 200 Manassas, VA 20109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 369-5552
Arul Mozhi BMDO 98-013 |
| Title: | Processing Bulk Nanostructured Materials Using Controlled Detonation Waves |
| Abstract: | BMDO seeks development of advanced techniques and processes for major improvements in materials properties and cost effectiveness. Nanostructured materials constitute a new frontier in materials science. Materials exhibit remarkable properties when their grain size is refined to 100's of nm. The proposed technique utilizes the energy from a detonation wave to impart severe plastic deformation to refine the material's grains to 100's of nm. This technique is innovative because 1) high temperatures and dynamic loads can be applied in short time frames with resultant small heat transfer, 2) fully-dense bulk materials can be economically processed, 3) there are no moving mechanical parts, complex electromagnetic circuits, or large electrical discharges, 4) the process will use readily available fuel gases, 5) it is adaptable to the processing of large and varied shape components. UTRON will: (1) develop a methodology for controlled and repeatable detonation of various gaseous propellants/fuels, (2) analyze different material loading configurations, and (3) develop a design of a prototype device for Phase II experiments. The Phase II objectives will be to demonstrate repetitive and controlled detonation of gaseous propellants and demonstrate the technique for processing bulk nanostructured light metallic (A1, Ti, Mg) based alloys and composites. |
| ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY MATERIALS, INC.
7 Commerce Drive Danbury, CT 06810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 794-1100
Barbara Landini BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Vandium Precursors for Semi-Insulating SiC Epilayers |
| Abstract: | Silicon carbide (SiC) is an ideal semiconductor material for high temperature, high frequency, and high power electronic devices. A SiC technology analogous to silicon - on -insulator (SOI) will be feasible if a suitable dopant precursor and epitaxial growth technique to produce semi-insulating SiC can be developed. Vanadium is an attractive dopant for the formation of semi-insulating SiC. In Phase I, Advanced Technology Materials, Inc. (ATMI) will synthesize and characterize vanadium precursors for use as in-situ dopants to produce semi-insulating SiC epilayers. In-situ vanadium doped SiC epitaxial films will be grown using three different downselected precursors. Correlations between the vanadium concentration, growth conditions, and the structural and electrical properties, will be made for films grown using the precursors. The optimal vanadium precursor material and growth conditions will be identified. In Phase II, the vanadium precursor synthesis will be refined. The V-doping process will also be optimized, and prototype SOI structures will be developed and grown. Devices employing vanadium doped insulating layers will be grown, fabricated, and tested. Phase III will focus on commercialization of vanadium precursors and vanadium doped SI SiC epilayers and device structures. |
| ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY MATERIALS, INC.
7 Commerce Drive Danbury, CT 06810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 794-1100
Ing-Shin Chen BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Radiation hard, nonvolatile, NRDO memory elements |
| Abstract: | Metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor field effect transistors (MFS-FETs) have a can be used as nonvolatile memory devices. The primary ferroelectric materials for these devices are perovskite oxides such as lead zirconium titanate (PZT) and strontium bismuth tantalate (SBT). These materials contain highly mobile elements (Pb and Bi) that can interact with silicon at process temperatures and lead to a high density of mobile charge traps at the interface. An additional oxide layer between the ferroelectric and silicon has been proposed to serve as a diffusion barrier. In practice, deposition of this barrier oxide typically involves introduction of oxygen at heated silicon wafer surface and an unwanted low permittivity silicon oxide layer is formed on the silicon surface. We recently developed a process that offers the opportunity to produce an interface with minimal formation of interfacial oxide. In Phase I, we will demonstrate the feasibility of this novel process in suppressing parasitic oxide formation. MIS and MFIS capacitors will be fabricated using PZT and SrTiO3 as the ferroelectric and the barrier materials. Phase II will result in an optimized process for MFIS-FET transistors for nonvolatile memory applications, to be fabricated in collaboration with an industrial partner that will be identified in Phase I. |
| ALAMEDA APPLIED SCIENCES CORPORATION
2235 Polvorosa Avenue, Suite 230 San Leandro, CA 94577 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 483-4156
Dr. Rahul R. Prasad BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Optically Controlled, High Repetition Rate, High Power Diamond Switches |
| Abstract: | Alameda Applied Sciences Corporation (AASC) proposes to develop a new type of trigger for a high voltage, high repetition rate diamond switch. AASC has previously developed diamond switches with electron beam triggers. These switches handle 10-20 kV voltage pulses with <50 ns rise/fall times and switch 10-100 A at temperatures up to 375 °C with on-state properties comparable to Si and SiC devices. The electron beam triggered switches require 100-300 keV electron sources to trigger switches handling 5-25 kV. If it is possible to replace the high voltage electron beam trigger with a W trigger, overall system architecture would be greatly simplified. In Phase I a set of experiments will be carried out that will show operation at ~100 MHz frequencies with closing and opening times <10 ns, using W radiation as the trigger. In Phase II, the knowledge gained in the Phase I research would be applied to the manufacture and demonstration of prototype W triggered diamond switches designed to switch both high current and high voltage at high frequencies. AASC will establish a product line of devices for several defense and commercial applications immediately following the proposed SBIR funded effort. |
| BREWER SCIENCE, INC.
2401 Brewer Drive, P.O. Box GG Rolla, MO 65401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(573) 364-0300
Jim D. Meador BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Bottom Anti-Reflective Coatings (BARCs) for 193 nm Lithography |
| Abstract: | A long-standing trend in the integrated circuit industry is to reduce pattern geometries on semiconductor substrates. To continue this trend, the next exposure wavelength after on-going deep-ultraviolet (248 nm) will be 193 nm. This SBIR Phase I program will identify and develop thermosetting bottom anti-reflective coatings (BARCs) meeting requirements for use with 193 nm unilayer resists. A series of hydroxy-functional, dye-attached polymers designed specifically for 193 nm BARC usage will be synthesized in virtually rote reactions. Subsequent formulation with a thermal crosslinker and catalyst in safe solvent solutions will provide thermosetting products, thus assuring insolubility of the cured film in photoresist solvents. Comparable work has already provided commercial 248 nm BARCs. BARC properties considered necessary for compatibility with unilayer 193 nm resists will be measured. An Olin/Lucent poly(cyclic olefin/maleic anhydride) 193 nm resist, that has already shown considerable promise with one of our thermoset BARCs, will be used for profile studies. A best-case BARC(s) will be selected from this Phase I study for scale-up and commercialization during the Phase II effort. |
| CCVD, INC., DBA MICROCOATING TECHNOLOGIE
3901 Green Industrial Way Chamblee, GA 30341 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 457-7767
Wen-yi Lin BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Low Temperature CMOS Integratable Ferroelectric Thin Film Process |
| Abstract: | Multi-component dielectric thin films suitable for solid state electronics have been deposited using various conventional chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques, including organometallic CVD, plasma enhanced CVD, and low pressure CVD. However, these approaches are difficult to integrate with standard silicon IC processing of ferroelectric DRAM and NVFRAM attributed to high deposition temperatures, >600°C, damaging the underlying transistor circuitry. In contrast, MicroCoating Technologies' (MCT) innovative, patented, open atmosphere Combustion CVD process can be used to deposit device grade ferroelectric films on wafers at <500°C suitable for IC device processing. The CCVD process is described in detail herein. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has measured the electronic properties of test capacitors of 300 nm CCVD BST and SrTiO3 films deposited on Si/Ti/Pt wafers at ~400°C substrate temperature. They display quality comparable to state-of-the-art CVD films, including uniformity, density, high permittivity, high dielectric breakdown strength, and low leakage current. MCT has also used the CCVD process to deposit epitaxial ferroelectric films on single crystal MgO substrates with great success. We propose to build on this initial achievement to apply the CCVD technique for commercially viable deposition of high performance dielectrics for integration with dynamic random access memory (DRAM) and non-volatile ferroelectric memory (NVFRAM) fabrication. Ba1-xSrxTiO3 (BST) and SrTiO3 (STO) will be the primary candidate materials for DRAM due to their high dielectric constants. Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 (PZT) and SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) are valued for NVFRAM applications owing to their high switchable polarization. In Phase I, we will grow high quality thin films with desired substrate temperatures < 500°C and evaluate their physical, chemical, and electronic properties. The CCVD process and materials will be optimized for integrated circuit applications and reproducibility will be demonstrated. This will lay a solid groundwork for Phases II in which we will scale up and automate the CCVD process for reliable, cost effective processing of semico |
| CRYSTAL IS, INC.
25 Cord Dr. Latham, NY 12110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 276-4015
Glen A. Slack BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Preparation of Aluminum Nitride Substrates for Device Fabrication |
| Abstract: | We propose to prepare AlN substrates from single-crystal boules of AlN. When properly prepared, these AlN substrates should be superior to all substrates currently available commercially. In particular, the AlN substrates have significantly superior chemical compatibility, lattice/crystal structure match, thermal expansion match, and thermal conductivity when compared to sapphire substrates that are currently being extensively used for eptixial growth. In addition, the higher thermal conductivity, larger band-gap energy and higher thermal stability of AlN will be attractive for many nitride applications. However, two key technical issues need to be overcome before AlN substrates can be used for epitaxial layer growth for device application. These key obstacles are: (1) the extreme hardness of the AlN makes it easy to propagate microscopic defects into the surface of the substrate when mechanical polishing is used; and (2) the removal of the oxide layer on the AlN surface prior to epitaxial growth. We will determine wafer grinding, polishing and chemical cleaning techniques that can be scaled up into an AlN wafer production facility. |
| EMCORE CORPORATION
394 Elizabeth Avenue Somerset, NJ 08873 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(908) 271-9090
Robert Karlicek BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Epitaxial Lateral Overgrowth of GaN in Large Area MOCVD Reactors |
| Abstract: | A successful large area ELO GaN process technology will lead to a low cost 'virtual substrate' for LED and high performance III-N based devices. We propose to investigate the application of this technique in large area III-Nitride MOCVD reactors, up to 42x2" and 12x4", using both sapphire and silicon substrates; the latter as a low cost alternative to sapphire for high volume/low cost devices. EMCORE will investigate the use of both SiOx and SiNx mask layers on sapphire and silicon substrates. In addition to process parameters such as V/III ratio and growth pressure, novel use of surfactants and SiNx based mask layers, will be investigated in order to optimize the ELO technique in EMCORE large area MOCVD reactors. Materials and devices grown by ELO will be characterized in order to quantify the effectiveness of the dislocation reduction in the structures. Special attention will be paid to characterization of InGaN MQW structures as well as p-GaN and p-AIGaN grown with ELO GaN as the virtual substrate on both sapphire and silicon. LED's from the U V to blue, as well as W photodetectors, with be fabricated on ELO GaN films and the device performance fully characterized. |
| EPION CORPORATION
4R Alfred Circle Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-3703
Dr. David Fenner BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Applicaiton of Nitrogen Gas Cluster Beams for Reacitve Formation of GaN Thin Films at Low Temperatures |
| Abstract: | Nitride semiconductors have characteristics of interest for future electronic and optoelectronic devices. Improved thin film growth techniques for these materials will be required. Beams of energetic gas cluster ions comprised of hundreds or thousands of nitrogen molecules can be formed. Upon impact on solid surfaces, cluster ions are able to produce a number of effects which are not produced by monomer ions. It is believed that these effects can be employed for reactive growth of superior nitride materials at very low temperatures. The Phase I investigation will identify suitable cluster beam conditions for growth of GaN and will demonstrate preliminary GaN material. |
| EPITAXIAL TECHNOLOGIES, LLC.
1450 South Rolling Road Baltimore, MD 21227 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 455-5594
Dr. Olaleye Aina BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Novel Auger Transistors |
| Abstract: | Epitaxial Technologies proposes to develop innovative material structures for Auger transistors that can be used for millimeterwave oscillators. We will achieve this objective by performing device designs to determine suitable material structures and epitaxial growth processes. The primary goal of this proposed Phase I effort is to demonstrate the feasibility of Auger transistors by developing techniques for growing antimony and sulphide based heterostructures using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and projecting the oscillator performance that can be realised from Auger transistors through material and device designs. In Phase II, we will further optimize the material structures and design and fabricate Auger transistors and millimeterwave oscillators based on them. |
| EPITAXIAL TECHNOLOGIES, LLC.
1450 South Rolling Road Baltimore, MD 21227 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 455-5594
Dr. Olaleye Aina BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Linear Antimony-based HFETs for Microwave and Millimeter Wave Applications |
| Abstract: | Epitaxial Technologies proposes to develop novel material and device tech, nologies using antimony-based active channels for highly linear microwave devices that can be used to simultaneously produce low noise and high power. To do this, we will perform materials and device design to determine suitable material structures and epitaxial growth processes. The main goal of this proposed Phase I effort is to demonstrate the feasibility of ultra high linearity HFETs by developing techniques for growing antimony based heterostructures using Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) and demonstrating through material and device design the performance enhancements and cost reductions that can be expected from ultra linear HFET MMICs. In Phase II of the proposed project, we will further optimize the material structures and design and fabricate HFETs with higher output power and IP3, and lower noise performance than currently available FETs. |
| EPITRONICS CORP.
21002 North 19th Avenue, Suite 5 Phoenix, AZ 85027 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(602) 581-3663
John Redwing BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Alternative Substrates for Materials Integration |
| Abstract: | The recent demonstration of twist bonded GaAs substrates offers the potential to develop universally compliant substrates upon which almost any III-V or related semiconductor can be grown without lattice mismatch induced defect formation. Compliant substrates would rapidly expand and improve a number of device applications, such as Sb-based detectors and a wide range of InGaAlAsP devices, which are currently limited by lattice mismatching constraints. Initial demonstrations of twist bonded GaAs have been limited in area. In order to fully evaluate the potential of this technology within the context of standard device fabrication and testing protocol, full wafers (22' dia.) must be produced and evaluated. Wafer flatness and cleanliness are the key limitations to achieving atomic scale bonding over large areas. In order to achieve uniform bonding, it is necessary to develop an etch stop epitaxial structure that results in a clean, smooth epi surface and also enables efficient removal of the sacrificial GaAs substrate. In Phase I, Epitronics proposes to develop an optimum etch stop epitaxial structure that will enable the fabrication of large area twist bonded substrates. In Phase II, we will demonstrate large area twist bonded substrates suitable for epitaxial growth and device fabrication and testing. |
| FED CORPORATION
1580 Route 52 Hopewell Junction, NY 12533 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(914) 892-1900
Warren J. Oldham, Jr. BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Synthesis of New Conjugated Polymers for High Performance Optoelectronic Applications |
| Abstract: | FED Corporation proposes to design and chemically synthesize a novel type of conjugated polymer for optoelectronic applications, including organic light emitting diodes (OLED), photovoltaics, and thin film solid state lasers. This new organic material is expected to outperform the current state-of-the-art organic optoelectronic materials by virtue of its unique molecular structure featuring a double chain design. This work is specifically undertaken to develop a highly robust, thermally and electronically stable organic material required to construct electrically pumped thin film solid state lasers and high brightness organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays. In this Phase 1 project we will develop appropriate synthetic methodology to prepare a novel conjugated organic polymer. The new material will be evaluated by integration into OLED test structures to measure I-V characteristics, luminance efficiency, and durability under high excitation conditions. During Phase 2 related derivatives of the new organic compound incorporating donor and acceptor groups along the polymer backbone will be developed to allow band gap control for color options. |
| GENUS, INC.
1139 Karlstad Drive Sunnyvale, CA 94089 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 747-7140
Thomas E. Seidel BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Ultra-Thin Metal Barriers for Advanced Interconnects |
| Abstract: | The SIA National Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (NTRS) has defined a need for ultra-thin (<80angstrom) barrier materials, to enable full implementation of Cu interconnects. The NTRS says: "There is no known solution to meet these requirements." The objectives of the program provide an innovative but viable pathway to demonstrate ultra-thin metal barrier films using materials that are included in the industry's roadmap for implementation of Cu interconnects. The Phase 1 program will demonstrate the feasibility of a deposition process for ultra-thin metal barriers through the development of a process and tool capable of controlling atomic level reactions. The basic method employs advanced chemistry, and the applied surface science deals with the understanding and definition of layer growth initiation. The approach emphasizes attention to meeting the critical goals of uniformity control at the levels of atomic dimensions, film conformality in high aspect ratio structures, application to large wafers, and low deposition temperatures. The technology should serve the needs of the semiconductor industry through 2015. Genus, Inc. has developed capabilities and a partnering infrastructure to demonstrate proof of concept. |
| IBAR, INC.
4853 Farrell Road SanFord, NC 27330 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 718-0165
Robert J. Markunas BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | High Fluence Plasma Source for MBE Applicaitons |
| Abstract: | Technical Abstract (Limit your abstract to 200 words with no classified or proprietary information/data.) This program seeks to demonstrate a new generation, nitrogen plasma source that targets growth of GaN (and its m-v nitride alloys) using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The objective of this demonstration is to show the viability of producing a high atomic nitrogen flux (as achieved by a high, coupled power density) combined with no source erosion and contamination. Additionally, an integrated, close coupled power supply will be part of this design and plasma source demonstration. |
| IBAR, INC.
4853 Farrell Road SanFord, NC 27330 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 718-0165
Robert J. Markunas BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Ultra-Compact VHF Power Supply for Close-Coupled Plasma Processing of Advanced Materials |
| Abstract: | This program seeks to demonstrate an innovative high power, ultra-compact, VHF plasma power supply. This power supply would be an essential component in new generation plasma processing tools, which may have DoD and commercial application elsewhere Anticipated Benefits/Potential Commercial Applications of the Research or Development. This program seeks to demonstrate an innovative high power, ultra-compact, VHF plasma power supply. This power supply would be an essential component in new generation plasma processing tools, which may have DoD and commercial application elsewhere |
| IMPLANT SCIENCES CORPORATION
107 Audubon Road, #5 Wakefield, MA 01880 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 246-0700
Stephen N. Bunker, Ph.D BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | High Gain, High Temperature, Radiation Tolerant, Solar Blind GaN Phototransitor Prepared by Ion Implantation |
| Abstract: | Implant Sciences Corporation proposes to develop a novel high gain, high temperature solar blind phototransistor design based on ion implanted Gallium Nitride semiconductor material which will meet the demanding performance specifications required for advanced aircraft and space borne applications. The advantages of GaN in these applications are threefold: first, since the atomic bond in GaN is very strong, applications in radiation intensive environments allows for device survivability; second, GaN is a wide band gap material which allows devices to operate in high temperature environments; third/ it is highly sensitive to the W signature of missile propulsion emissions. Our lateral device design features a homoepitaxial GaN bipolar phototransistor with the base, emitter, and collector doped by ion implantation. Key to producing these devices is the p-doping of the base which Implant Sciences has just recently achieved with a proprietary implantation process. Ion implantation allows selective area doping which allows for cost reductions associated with device fabrication. Implanting donor ions in the emitter and collector will also the reduce series resistance associated with this device. Devices will be fabricated, tested, and compared with device results in the literature based on other semiconductor materials. In Phase II we shall optimize the device design and the implantation conditions to produce a device which can deliver highly sensitive solar-blind phototransistors. |
| INTEGRATED DATA SYSTEMS, INC.
6001 Chatam Center Drive, suite 300 Savannah, GA 31405 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(912) 236-4374
Dr. Rona E. Belford BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Mechanically Strained, High Mobility, Strained-Si Devices |
| Abstract: | The aim of this effort is to inexpensively produce high performance strained-Si devices. The idea is to introduce strain into the Si lattice mechanically, and not via lattice mismatched, layered, heterostructures. Strain will be introduced by curving the ICs around a cylindrical packaging form. Using only standard fabrication techniques, integrated circuitry will be processed on thin single crystal Si membranes (20 - 50 microns thick). During the fabrication process, the membranes will be supported on standard Si wafer substrates and de-mounted afterwards. These flexible membranes can then be bent around cylindrical supports inducing uni-directional -tensile-strain. Enhanced electronic effects (mobility etc.) will be evident in devices which are appropriately aligned. Mechanically inducing the strain will circumvent the inherent problems in heterostructure fabrication. Initial calculations indicate the defect density will also be substantially reduced as the uni-directional-strain required for enhanced mobility is lower than that associated with dislocation formation. Mechanically straining the lattice after IC processing offers the possibility of a wide range of high speed devices in strained-Si, both unipolar and bipolar which are difficult to fabricate within the geometric confines of epitaxial device design. The applications are therefore in, inexpensive, high speed, strained-Si Devices. |
| MAXIOS LASER CORPORATION
6551 Sierra Lane Dublin, CA 94568 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 833-1969
Helmuth E. Meissner BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | 10W cw Class Er:YAG/ Sapphire Waveguide Laser |
| Abstract: | Maxios Laser Corporation proposes to investigate in Phase 1 a laser diode pumped Er:YAG/ sapphire waveguide laser at 2.94 um as representative of a family of new laser systems which show potential to build more compact laser systems at high beam quality. We plan to design and start to build in Phase 1, a bench model Er:YAG waveguide laser/ amplifier chain capable of generating 10W--15W of cw output power, and to develop a detailed energetics model benchmarking the performance of this cw Er:YAG system. The benchmarked energetics code will in turn be used to generate a detailed design for further scaling Er:YAG waveguide lasers, and serve to design a TIR q-switch. The two principal features of this technology which Maxios Laser plans to exploit in Phase 1 are: (a) A cavity design compatible with using commercially available laser diode arrays as pump beams without employing focusing or coupling optics between the diode bar and the gain medium. (b) The high gain, which a waveguide configuration offers, enables a range of optical resonator designs that are conducive to producing diffraction limited output beams. After commencing construction of a laboratory cw laser in Phase 1, we will construct a compact modular q-switched laser system in Phase 2. |
| NANOCHEM RESEARCH, INC.
3740 Hawkins NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 342-1492
Daniel Skamser BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Formation of Hollow Microspheres by Spray Pyrolysis |
| Abstract: | Wireless portable communications is a multi-billion dollar industry that demands ever-faster and smaller cellular devices. The heart of theses devices is the multi-chip module (MCM) which connects the electrical communication components to another, and governs both the speed of communication signals between the components and the size of the portable device. Futrure generations of portable devices require smaller and faster MCMs to meet customer demands. However, the problem of crosstalk between metalization lines develops when the size of the MCM is decreased. This can be minimized by reducing the dielecric constant of the dielecric layers in the MCM substrate. The best way to reduce the dieelctric constant is by adding holllow microspheres which add controlled porosity to dielectric layers of the MCM. Nanochem has a process which can supply alumina microspheres with sizes ranging from 1 to 3 microns and have dense thin-walled shells which are impermeable to water and oil absorption. Optimum conditions will be determined to formt he hollow microspheres. These optimum microspheres will be tested in MCM devices and tested for dielectric properties. |
| NANOMATERIALS RESEARCH CORPORATION
2849 East Elvira Rd Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 294-7115
Zhonglin Wu, Ph.D. BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Nanostructured Polymer/Ceramic Composites for Electronic Packaging |
| Abstract: | Advances in microelectronics not only require fast and reliable semiconductor chip but also an equally fast and reliable packaging. Low dielectric constant, high thermal conductivity, and desired thermal expansion coefficient are key requirements for high performance electronic packaging materials. Neither ceramics nor polymers can satisfy all these requirements simultaneously. Composites, if probably engineered, may provide unobtainable properties with ceramics or polymers alone. This effort seeks to develop nanostructured polymer-ceramic composites through compositional and microstructural design, which will provide unmatchable combination of dielectric constant, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, and other properties. Phase I will systematically establish the proof-of-concept; Phase II will optimize, scale-up and qualify the novel approaches; Phase III will commercialize the technology. |
| NANOMATERIALS RESEARCH CORPORATION
2849 East Elvira Rd Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 294-7115
Ming Au BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Miniature, High Frequency PTC Electronic Components |
| Abstract: | Existing PTC electronic components such as those used in degauss circuits are unsatisfactory for high power, high frequency, and small foot print requirements. These technology limitations can be addressed with components prepared from proprietary band-gap engineered materials. Nanomaterials Research Corporation (NRC), during Phase I, seeks to establish the proof-of-concept of commercially useful, band-gap engineered PTC components. Phase II effort will seek to optimize and produce prototypes in 1000s. Phase III will commercialize the technology. |
| NEW JERSEY MICROSYSTEMS, INC.
240 Maritn Luther King Blvd. Newark, NJ 07102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(973) 297-1450
Alex Usenko BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Low Cost SOI Wafer Process for MEMS and VLSI Applications |
| Abstract: | MicSOI (silicon-on-insulator) material is a most promising substrate for military and commercial applications. The SOI process based on hydrogen-implantation, wafer splitting, and wafer bonding is the newest and the cheapest approach to SOI fabrication. We propose to develop hydrogen-implanted SOI wafer process for production with a focus on improving the quality of SOI thus improving radiation hardness of the buried oxide in SOI-based devices. A problem for SOI material as related to radiation hard microelectronics is a positive charge trapping in buried SiO2 layer. The trapping sensitivity is 10 to 100 times higher than in conventional thermal oxide layer. This prevents the use of SOI as a mainstream starting material for military and commercial VLSI. We have already determined that implantation and bonding do not cause quality decreasing of the buried oxide. The charge trapping is caused by two neighboring and opposite internal Si/SiO2 interfaces. Our approach to solve the trapping problem is novel additional step in SOI wafer processing. This is high dose ionizing irradiation of wafers with subsequent annealing. This treatment decreases drastically internal stress in the SOI sandwich thus highly decreasing density of traps for holes in buried oxide and at both toD and bottom Si/SiO2 interfaces. New variations of SOI process also suggested to improve quality of SOI wafers. |
| NONVOLATILE ELECTRONICS, INC.
11409 Valley View Rd. Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(612) 996-1608
Dexin Wang BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | High Temperature Spin-Dependent Tunneling Materials |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will demonstrate the feasibility of making Spin-Dependent Tunneling (SDT) materials with high temperature durability. These SDT materials will withstand the temperatures encountered during chip packaging and in standard CMOS back end processing, and they will demonstrate long term stability at operating temperatures to 150 °C. Nonvolatile Electronics, Inc. has demonstrated the functionality of SDT devices at wafer level using photolithography techniques. These SDT devices have the high sensitivity (3%/Oe), necessary for very low field applications, and have high impedance (1 to lOOM-Ohm um2), leading to very lower power consumption. However, they show relatively poor thermal stability, which will be an obstacle for making either discrete or integrated devices. A Phase II program will further optimize the materials/device properties and integrate SDT devices with standard CMOS semiconductor technology and standard chip packaging. Memory, logic, and sensor functions will be demonstrated in Phase II using these optimized structures. There are immediate commercial opportunities for magnetic field and current sensing devices, low power isolators, solid state relays, and magnetic random access memories. |
| RADIANT RESEARCH INC.
9430 Research Blvd., Echelon IV,Suite 305 Austin, TX 78759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 338-4942
Dr. Brian M. Davies BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Multiplexed Photopolymeric Holograms for Guided-Wave Optical Backplane Aimed at High Performance Computer Applications |
| Abstract: | The major bottleneck to upgrade the system performance of a high performance computer is primarily at the backplane level where interconnect distance seriously jeopardizes the data rate. Both material and device research works are needed to further enhance the data rate at the backplane level. Radiant Research, Inc. (RRI), proposes photopolymer-based multiplexed waveguide holograms for optical backplane interconnection scheme that is capable of providing the equivalent interconnectivity and the architecture flexibility promised by the three-dimensional optical interconnects while maintaining the packaging reliability, low system insertion loss and cost-effectiveness. The total aggregate bandwidth is expected to be two orders of magnitude higher than a single-channel optical interconnection and three orders of magnitude higher than that of electrical interconnection. The guided wave optical backplane employed is a ~mm thick waveguiding plate in conjunction with multiplexed volume holograms based on photopolymeric materials. Two-dimensionally ( 2D) pixelated signals can be bidirectionally transmitted and received using the third dimension. As a result, the highest interconnectivity can be realized while maintaining the TEMoo optical signal mode profile which significantly simplifies the system packaging. The system insertion loss is therefore greatly reduced. The idea presented herein is a truly bidirectional optical backplane bus with broadcast capability that is equivalent to EEE standardized bus protocols for VMEbus, Futurebus+ and FASTBUS. In phase I, the three-dimensionality of the proposed system will be demonstrated using a two dimensional (2-D) VCSEL array in conjunction with 2-D photopolymer-based waveguide holograms. |
| SIMPEX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
451 W. Lambert Road, Suite 211 Brea, CA 92821 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 529-9407
Bernard K. Siu BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Electronic Materials |
| Abstract: | The objective of this project is to develop a real-time, non-contact laser ultrasonic technology for detecting embedded voids (microns) and assessing bond integrity of joining materials at micro-level. This technology will be implemented to support process development and production of Silicon Carbide (SiC) semiconductor and devices. This new breed of SiC has been identified as the material of the future because of its superior properties to withstand harsh performance environments where traditional silicon and gallium arsenide (the semiconductor used in nearly all of today's electronics) cannot function. An example includes flameout detectors on uncooled aircraft engine operating in excess of 600 degrees C and beyond. Non of the traditional process control technologies is suitable nor efficient enough to support the fabrication of these SiC structures. Simpex Technologies' proposed technology consists of two independent lasers. The pulse laser is used as the source while the continuous wave laser is used as the detector. Simply, our technique represents an automation of the classical `tap test' in which the surface is struck in some fashion and an experienced listener determines the flaw and adhesion from the sound generated. This technique is much improved from the traditional contact type techniques. The object need not be contacted, the excitation is much gentler than that required in a contact test, and the whole approach lends itself to automation. |
| SKION CORP.
50 Harrison St. Hoboken, NJ 07030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(201) 963-5450
Dr. Catherine Rice BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Direct Ga and N Ion Beam Epitaxy of GaN |
| Abstract: | Ballistic missile defense applications of the future will require ever more powerful electronic devices, capable of operation at high frequencies and power and able to withstand high temperatures. Gallium nitride is one of the most promising materials for such applications. Although a number of devices such as light emitting diodes and junction field effect transistors have been fabricated using GaN, material quality remains a stumbling block to full utilization of its potential. SKION proposes to provide a breakthrough in GaN deposition using its patented metal ion beam technology. This process precisely controls the energy of the deposited species, enabling the production of thin films with precise crystalline phase control and high film quality at lower deposition temperatures than possible with the current state-of-the-art. In this Phase I program SKION will develop and demonstrate a novel Ga+ ion source based on a modification of its well-demonstrated and commercialized Cs+ ion beam technology. This new source will be used to deposit high-quality GaN thin films on silicon substrates. For this effort SKION will team with Arizona State University. The ASU group was the first to demonstrate that the Ga and N direct ion beam method is superior to thermal techniques. To combine ASU's experience in ion beam deposition of wide bandgap semiconductors with SKION's process and equipment expertise will ensure successful process development for heteroepitaxial GaN on Si. Program objectives include development of the new high area Ga+ ion source and demonstration of epitaxial GaN growth on 4" silicon wafers. This program is addressed to the expressed BMDO need for improved electronic materials, including exploitation of the unusual electronic properties of GaN. |
| SOLID STATE SCIENTIFIC CORPORATION
210 Brook Village Road, Suite 38 Nashua, NH 03062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 456-5686
Dr. James E. Murguia BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Band Gap Engineering Heterojunction Internal Photoemission Detector |
| Abstract: | Infrared focal plane array detector fabrication on silicon substrates has many desirable features such as transparent substrates (no thinning), low cost large area wafers, robust mechanical properties, absence of thermal expansion mismatch between the detector and silicon readout, and option for monolithic construction. The use of silicon based Schottky barriers for infrared detection is well established. The performance of PtSi/p-Si based imagers is limited by the low photoresponse of the Schottky diodes. We propose to demonstrate a new heterojunction internal photoemission (HIP) infrared detector structure that retains the silicon substrate advantages of a Schottky-barrier detector while providing significantly higher quantum efficiency. The silicide Schottky contact will be replaced with a III-V thin film narrow gap semiconductor (InAsSb) grown on a p-type silicon substrate. Band gap engineering of the semiconductive materials allows optimization of the detector parameters. Performance predictions of the HIP detector based on a model of photon absorption and carrier diffusion indicate a potential for more than an order of magnitude improvement in quantum efficiency over PtSi/p-Si detectors . |
| STRUCTURED MATERIALS INDUSTRIES, INC.
120 Centennial Ave. Piscataway, NJ 08843 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 885-5909
Dr. Gary S. Tompa BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Non-Cryogenically Cooled BST Functionally Graded Enhanced Pyroelectric IR Detectors |
| Abstract: | Development of economic non-crvogenicallv cooled mid-wavelength infrared imaging devices with (~20 mK resolution is important for a great variety of military and commercial markets. GM, using Graded Ferroelectric Device (GFD) material technology, has made great progress in producing such a material. However, GM does not have a scaleable production capability for such devices. SMI, GMR&D, and COVA have joined together to "pool technology" and develop pyroelectric IR imaging material and device production. SMI has implemented large scale oxide MOCVD systems technology that is readily adapted to functionally graded device production needs. COVA/Virginia Tech has invented a patented flash evaporation liquid delivery system (FELD) that is critically needed for commercial scale MOCVD manufacture of many oxide films (BST, PZT, SBT, and so on). SMI will integrate both the FELD and the MOCVD system to produce discrete and functionally graded oxides. The combined technologies will enable manufacturing of a host of oxide films and, specifically for this program, functionally graded pyroelectric detectors at GM. In Phase I, SMI will work with COVA and GMR&D to show proof-of-principle of a system designed specifically to produce GFD materials. GMR&D has committed. in cash. > $115.000 dollars to this SMI-led team project. In Phase II, GMR&D will work with us to operate the system and demonstrate scaled prototype manufacturing of materials and operational devices. The result of this effort will be threefold: (i) an improved commercial computer-controlled flash evaporation liquid delivery system will be available for general purchase at the end of Phase I, (ii) a proven computer-controlled liquid delivery sourced MOCVD system and non-cryogenically cooled prototype imaging devices will both be available at the end of Phase II, and (iii) end user device applications and system sales will constitute Phase III, including the need of GM to produce millions of units per year. |
| STRUCTURED MATERIALS INDUSTRIES, INC.
120 Centennial Ave. Piscataway, NJ 08843 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 885-5909
Dr. Gary S. Tompa BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Enhanced Contact Layer Organic Light Emitting Diodes |
| Abstract: | Organic based light emitting diodes have made significant advances in the past few years. An important factor in device performance is the transparent conducting contact layer. Presently, indium tin oxide (ITO) is used because it is an accepted standard and has a great deal of invested development. However, for several reasons, including work function, physical stability, and band alignment to organics, ITO is not necessarily the ideal contact layer for a given organic LED. In Phase L we propose to produce a series of alternative transparent and conductive films, fabricate working organic devices and evaluate performance issues. The new transparent and conductive oxide films will be produced using our existing MOCVD equipment and established processing techniques. The organic LEDs will be fabricated by thermal evaporation of tris 8--hydroxyquinoline aluminum (Alq) and naphthyl-substituted benzidine (NPB) at The University of Rochester, with guidance by researchers at Eastman Kodak. Films and devices will be evaluated by all participants. In Phase II we will refine the contact layer film properties and optimize working OLEDs, transitioning our device improvements into manufactured products for Phase III. |
| TECHNOLOGIES AND DEVICES INTERNATIONAL,
8660 Dakota Drive Gaithersburg, MD 20877 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 208-4382
Vladimir A. Dmitriev BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Development of AlGaN/SiC Epitaxial Wafers |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop AlGaN/SiC epitaxial wafers to be used as substrates for III-V nitride homoepitaxy. Lack of GaN and AIN substrates for homoepitaxy limits the development of electronic devices based on III-V nitrides. TDI has demonstrated that thin (~0.5 Sun) high quality GaN layers can be grown on silicon carbide wafers by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE). These structures, consisting of a thin GaN layer on SiC wafers, are called GaN/SiC epitaxial wafers. It was shown that GaN/SiC epitaxial wafers are good substrates for subsequent GaN homoepitaxial growth. SiC, as initial substrate material, provides excellent heat removal from device structure, gives cleaving possibility, and allows one to develop electronic devices with vertical current-flow geometry. Recently, we applied HVPE technique to AIN and AlGaN growth on SiC wafers. These results open the opportunity to develop AlGaN/SiC epitaxial wafers with A1N concentration ranging from 0 to 100%. In this case, composition of AlGaN epitaxial wafer will be controlled to minimize stress in the desired device structure. Another breakthrough has been achieved on HVPE growth of insulating GaN. The goal of Phase I is to prove the concept and demonstrate GaN/SiC, AlN/SiC, and Al0.5GaO.5N/SiC epitaxial wafers. We will demonstrate both conducting GaN/SiC epitaxial wafers and GaN/SiC epitaxial wafers with highly resistive GaN grown on semi-insulating SiC substrates. Test samples will be delivered. In Phase II, we plan to develop a multi-wafer production process for 2-inch AlGaN/SiC epitaxial wafers with reduced dislocation density. |
| TECHNOLOGIES AND DEVICES INTERNATIONAL,
8660 Dakota Drive Gaithersburg, MD 20877 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 361-5709
Vladimir Dmitriev BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Development of silicon carbide epitaxial wafers with reduced micropipe density |
| Abstract: | In this project Technologies and Devices International, Inc. (TDI) proposes-to develop silicon carbide (SiC) substrate material with reduced micropipe density. Our recent testing has demonstrated that micr( pipe density in SiC commercial wafers can be significantly reduced by filling micropipe channels in these wafers using a new SiC epitaxial approach After filling the micropipe in the initial wafer, we will grow a SiC homoepitaxial layer on the top of this wafer, forming a SiC epitaxial wafer with reduced micropipe density Such epitaxial wafers can be used as substrates for subsequent device fabrication or as seeds for SiC bulk growth These results afford the opportunity to develop SiC substrate material for large area high-power SiC devices. The goal of the Phase I project is to prove this concept and demonstrate a 41 mm diameter 6H-SiC and 4H-SiC wafers with average micropipe density less than 5 per cm2. We will also investigate how to apply this technology for larger SiC wafers. Test samples will be delivered. In Phase II, we plan to develop a multi-wafer production process for 2-inch (and 3-inch, if commercially available) 6H-SiC and 4H-SiC epitaxial wafers with reduced micropipe density. Phase II research will focus on growth technology for providing SiC epitaxial wafers without micropipes |
| TPL, INC.
3921 Academy Parkway North, NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 342-4429
Kristen J. Law BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | High Performance Materials for Integrated Capacitance |
| Abstract: | Current trends towards miniaturization and increased performance of consumer electronics are requiring higher component densities in printed circuit boards. Microprocessors speeds are currently limited by inefficiencies in interconnects between the processor and supporting discrete devices such as capacitors. Further improvements in speed will required the integration of capacitors into the PC board. Successful integration will require development of materials with high dielectric constant and uniform response over a broad frequency and temperature range. Deposition and processing techniques must also be compatible with current board manufacturing. A composite material is proposed to meet these challenges, and will be based upon epoxy copolymers and nanometer scale ceramics synthesized at TPL. The specific goal is to obtain a parallel capacitance of 25 nF/cm2 in a thin film which can be deposited directly onto current FR-4 boards. TPL has extensive experience in dielectric polymers and ceramics, including the development of doping methods to produce 50 nm dielectric powders with flattened frequency and temperature response. TPL is currently working with AlliedSignal Laminates to develop processing techniques for embedded capacitance layers based upon titanate ceramics. This industrial partnership will be used to develop the new composite material to meet military and commercial application specifications. |
| UHV TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
113B West Park Drive Mount Laurel, NJ 08054 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 608-0311
Dr. Nalin Kumar BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | A Multi-Layer Diamond Cathode for High Power Applications |
| Abstract: | A multi-layer diamond thin film field-emission cathode is proposed for high power applications such as UV lasers, high power switches, vacuum electronic devices and high--energy accelerators. The proposed optimization of various layers enables us to take advantage of high thermal conductivity of diamond to increase the maximum current obtained from each emission site thereby increasing the total current density. The proposed diamond cold cathodes developed using an integrated deposition-testing system will potentially offer higher stability, larger emission site density, and much higher lifetime than existing cold cathodes. Diamond's higher thermal conductivity, higher thermal diffusivity and lower sputter yield discourages thermal evaporation of emission sites, and thus reduces the possibility of catastrophic failure. UHV has constructed an innovative system whereby the cathodes can be deposited and tested without exposing them to air, and we propose to use this system to understand and optimize the emission site behavior. UHV will work with Sarnoff Corporation and Sandia Labs to successfully fabricate and analyze high power cathodes. Phase II will involve development of larger area cathodes for implementation in high power systems. |
| WITECH (WIDEGAP TECHNOLOGY, LLC)
5655 Lindero Canyo Road, Suite 404 Westlake Village, CA 91362 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 964-9419
David Kapolnek BMDO 98-014 |
| Title: | Lateral Epitaxial Overgrowth of GaN for Electronic Devices |
| Abstract: | WiTech proposes the development of ultra low dislocation density GaN wafers for very high performance electronic device applications using Lateral Epitaxial Overgrowth (LEO) on lattice mismatched sapphire substrates. Dislocations in GaN are ubiquitous, a direct result of the lack of a lattice matched substrate for GaN thin films. Lateral Epitaxn'al Overgrowth is a process by which crystal growth is accomplished in directions parallel to the plane of the substrate. This innovative growth technique relieves strain between GaN films and the substrate and provides a means to terminate dislocation propagation in epitaxial films. Achieving device quality LEO material (very low dislocation density, very high electron mobility, high electronic quality insulating buffers) will be undertaken as the primary goal of the process development. During phase I we will initiate the development of LEO GaN wafers and evaluate the electrical and structural quality of the LEO material. At the end of phase II, WiTech will have prototype 2" LEO GaN wafers on sapphire substrates. Utilizing innovative device design, very high performance X-band GaN power HEMT devices with wide gate peripheries will be fabricated to demonstrate the significance of the improved LEO GaN material quality. |
| AMERICAN SUPERCONDUCTOR CORPORATION
2 Technology Drive Westborough, MA 01581 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 836-4200
Dr. Alex Otto BMDO 98-015 |
| Title: | Low Loss, High Temperature Superconducting Wire For Inductive Energy Storage |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovation Research Phase l project is proposed by American Superconductor Corporation (ASC) to establish the feasibility of hermetically manufacturing small-filament, high temperature superconducting (HTS) composite wires for use above 20 K in AC magnet applications such as inductive energy storage devices. HTS magnet wire applications will typically operate under fluctuating magnetic field conditions where inductive losses can dissipate significant energy at operating current levels that are well below the zero field DC critical current of the superconductor. A resistive barrier layer that electrically isolates the filaments is essential to reduce these losses. But this layer also limits oxygen exchange with the external gas environment during reactions that form the superconductor. To solve this critical problem, a concept is proposed for controlling oxygen activity inside the HTS filament by a novel sheath material, without the need for oxygen exchange with an external gas environment during superconducting oxide formation. The Phase I project will demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating Bi2223 composites with oxygen activity control provided at each filament without the need for oxygen contact with an external gas environment. |
| CONDUCTUS, INC.
969 West Maude Avenue Sunnyvale, CA 94086 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 523-9448
Dr. Seva Kaplunenko BMDO 98-015 |
| Title: | Instantaneous Clock Recovery with Multi-Bit-Rate Fucntionality for High-Speed Communication and Switching Applications |
| Abstract: | The increased complexity of the modern electronics increases size. which reduces speed because of time delays in the interconnects. As a result. for frequencies above a few GHz, asynchronous communication between subsets of a complex system is unavoidable. The disadvantage of this approach is the need to recover the phase (clock) of the digital signal, which for semiconductor circuits requires a few thousand clock periods. Recovering the phase of multi-bit-rate signals is even more difficult. A clock recovery circuit with locking time of one bit has been developed at Conductus which makes it available for asynchronous communication even with multi-bit-rate signals. For Phase I of the project Conductus will develop and test the clock recovery circuit at frequencies up to 40 GHz. The chip will be fabricated using TRW niobium nitride (NbN) technology on a subcontract basis. and tested at Conductus. Conductus will also design the optimum architecture for the multi-bit-rate clock recovery system, which will have a frequency recognition unit with short detection time. For Phase II of the effort, Conductus will propose to develop a complete integrated clock recovery unit. operating at 10K. supporting multiple bit rates, and packaged in a closed-cycle refrigerator. |
| EURUS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
2031 E. Paul Dirac Drive Tallahassee, FL 32310 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(850) 574-1800
Richard G. Hodges BMDO 98-015 |
| Title: | Unique Processing Method for Rapid Texturing of Long-Length YBCO High-Temperature Superconductors |
| Abstract: | For the manufacture of long length YBCO superconductors, there is a need for process that will rapidly produce c-axis texture in thick films. During this Phase I, we will investigate a manufacturing process that has the potential to provide rapid formation of c-axis texture on both textured and non textured flexible metal substrates. During the Phase I we will setup the manufacturing process, produce samples, and characterize the samples. During the Phase I we will identify the processing parameters and equipment for scale up in the Phase II effort. The results of this research will enable the development of a process to provide c-axis texture of long length YBCO superconductors on flexible metal substrates. This process will not be dependent on vapor deposition processes which typically have slow deposition rates. |
| NEOCERA, INC.
100 Jersey Avenue, Building D, Box D-12 New Brunswick, NJ 08901 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 210-1010
K. S. Harshavardhan BMDO 98-015 |
| Title: | Bandwidth Stabilized, Magnetically Tunable Superconducting Filters |
| Abstract: | Successful development of High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) tunable devices such as multipole band pass filters and demonstration of their high-Q performance will lead to significant enhancements in several military and commercial communications systems The primary objective of the present SBIR program is to develop magnetically tunable HTS filter technology, integrating the superconducting properties of the HTS prototype YBa2Cu307 (YBCo) with the ferrimagnetic properties of the Yttrium Iron Garnet layers on Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (YIG/GGG) substrates. Combining our expertise in device design and materials engineering, the Neocera-University of Maryland team proposes a novel device configuration by which the bandwidth of the filter is expected to remain fixed retaining the high-Q performance, as the filter's central frequency is tuned by an applied magnetic field. In this effort, HTS filters will be developed on YIG/GGG substrates and their frequency agile properties will be evaluated. Phase I effort will form the basis for fabricating frequency adaptive multipole HTS filters in a subsequent Phase II program. |
| ADVANCED CERAMICS RESEARCH, INC.
851 East 47th St Tucson, AZ 85713 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 792-2616
Greg E. Hilmas, Ph.D. BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | Fabrication of ZrC, HfC, TaC-based Fibrous Monolithic Ceramics for Rocket Propulsion Systems |
| Abstract: | The goal of this program is to develop a low cost, flexible manufacturing method for the production of high temperature ceramic composites for rocket propulsion systems. The matrix materials selected for this program will be ZrC, HfC, and TaC. These-materials have good oxidation/corrosion and ablation resistance at elevated temperatures, but typically do not possess the thermal shock resistance and toughness necessary to survive in many propulsion applications. To enhance the thermal shock resistance and toughness of these materials, without compromising their ablation and corrosion response, this program will use a novel approach to fabricating ZrC-, HfC-, and TaC-based composites using the proven 'Fibrous Monolith' processing technology. The fibrous monolith process creates an interpenetrating microstructure of elongated polycrystalline cells of the matrix material, in this case high temperature carbides, separated by thin cell boundaries of a low shear strength refractory material, such as graphite or BN. This interpenetrating microstructure imparts toughness and thermal shock resistance to the material. The technology allows for the fabrication of complex composite architectures to be readily fabricated from inexpensive powders and polymers. Phase I success will allow future iterations to optimize these composites for DOD/NASA needs during Phases II and III. |
| ANVIK CORPORATION
6 Skyline Drive Hawthorne, NY 10532 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(914) 345-2442
Carl Weisbecker BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | High-Output, Monodispersed Aerosol Particle Generation Using Microfabricated Nozzle Arrays |
| Abstract: | Aerosol generation is an important leading edge technology with relevance to ballistic missile defense because of the importance of bioearosol generation technology in the development of countermeasures for defence against biological warfare. Aerosol delivery is also an important route for the transmission of naturally occurring particulate materials. The development of new technology for the efficient delivery of aerosols has important applications in agriculture, medicine, ecological science, and materials science. The physical, optical, aerodynamic, and biological properties of an aerosol are strongly linked to its particle size distribution; therefore, efficient high-output generation of monodispersed aerosols is an important capability. The proposed program by Anvik Corporation will develop an efficient, monodispersed aerosol particle generator which will function by pulsed mechanical extrusion of high surface tension liquids through a microfabricated array of holes. The particle size distribution will be controlled by the diameters of the holes in a microfabricated nozzle array. In the fully developed system the aerosol particle size distribution can be both controlled and tuned by the separate actuation of multiple nozzle arrays with different nozzle exit hole sizes in the generator. |
| APPLIED OPTOELECTRONICS INC.
242 Kingfisher Sugar Land, TX 77478 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(281) 782-3855
Chih-Hsiang Lin BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | Multi-color Quantum Cascade Mid-Infrared Sources at 2.5 to 5 ym |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop multi-color mid-infrared (IR) sources at 2.5 to 5 um based on InAs/InGaSb type-II quantum cascade (QC) structures. A compact mid-IR dual wavelength source could be extremely useful for the environmental gas and pollutant sensing, such as differential absorption lidar, where the light scattering has to be evaluated and compared at two different wavelengths. Recently, we have demonstrated room-temperature optically pumped lasers from 2.9 to 4.6 um based on InAs/InGaSb/AlSb type-II quantum wells. For 4.5-1lm devices, lasing was observed up to 310 K, and the peak output power per facet was more than 3 65 W at 160 K and about 360 mW at 280 K. For type-II QC lasers, lasing was observed up to 285 K at 3.5 pm, and a peak output power of 0.5 W/facet at 3.85 ,um was obtained with 1 ps current pulses at 80 K, with a differential quantum efficiency of 131%. The Phase I effort will be directed towards the demonstration of the CW operation of two-color light emitting diode at high temperature. |
| ASTROPOWER, INC.
Solar Park Newark, DE 19716 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(302) 366-0400
Michael G. Mauk BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | Filament- and Wire-Based Semiconductor Devices for Large-Scale Implementaitons of Optoelectronics" |
| Abstract: | This Phase I project seeks to assess the feasibility of a completely new topology and fabrication process for semiconductor devices, especially light-emitting diodes (LEDs), solar cells, detectors, and thermophotovoltaic (TPVs) cells. Semiconductor optoelectronic devices will be made with a cylindrical shape by coating wire substrates with large-grain, (or recrystallized single-crystal) layered sheaths of silicon, germanium, and various III-V compounds. These structures can be fabricated into optoelectronic device structures with unique characteristics with regard to optical coupling and light trapping. For example, a nearly ten-fold increase LED optical power over commercial LEDs is expected due to improved external coupling efficiencies. Further, we make the case that these devices can be made much cheaper than conventional planar devices based on wafers. Several methods including melt growth, solution growth, and CVD for producing wire-substrate filament-shaped GaAs LEDs and silicon solar cells will be experimentally assessed and demonstrated in the Phase I program. |
| CENTRE CAPACITOR, INC.
2820 East College Avenue State College, PA 16801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 237-0321
Dr. Wesley Hackenberger BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | Multilayer Capacitors Utilizing Large Dielectric Permittivity Polymers for High Energy Storage |
| Abstract: | For this Phase I SBIR, high energy storage capacitors are proposed based on the breakthrough technology of large dielectric permittivity polymers. Based on the P(VDF-TrFE) systems, these polymers exhibit relaxor ferroelectric behavior when irradiated; that is, high dielectric permittivity (sr~l OO) over a broad diffused temperature region.With these high dielectric constant and low loss polymers, energy storage levels of greater than 25 Joules/cm3 are projected, nearly an order of a magnitude larger than existing polymer dielectrics. In this program, chemical engineering of P(VDF-TrFE) polymers, as well as processing and metallization methods to optimize key parameters relevant to pulse power operation will be investigated. Single layer polymer capacitors will be tested for energy storage capability including dielectric breakdown strength (DBS), discharge rate, dielectric loss under E-field, etc., to establish the potential of this new class of dielectrics for ultimate manufacturing of pulse power capacitors in Phase II. |
| ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GROUP, INC.
11020 Solway School Rd. Suite 109 Knoxville, TN 37931 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(423) 927-3717
Mr. James G. Carter BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | Platinum Silicide Micromechanical Infrared Photon Detector |
| Abstract: | The proposed work is intended to lead to the development of a revolutionary class of photon detectors capable of operating at ambient temperatures with fast response times. Specific benefits of the proposed detector include: i) Low cost versions can readily be reduced-to-practice due to inherent simplicity of the sensing element compared to existing photon or thermal detectors, ii) there is no need for cooling the device to eliminate the thermal generated carriers, iii) The concept behind this device is inherently simple, iv) fast response times (< ,us) response times, faster than thermal detectors, v) more than one order of magnitude more sensitive than thermal detectors, vi) compatibility with IC fabrication techniques. |
| INTEGRATED MICROTRANSDUCER ELECTRONICS C
1214 Oxford Street Berkeley, CA 94709 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 841-3585
Dr. Richard Spitzer BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | Magnetoresistive Trimming for an Ultrafast Nonvolatile RAM |
| Abstract: | The conventional method of resistive trimming involves using a laser to burn individual resistors. It is expensive and uses a lot of valuable-real estate. The proposer, IMEC, has invented a method of trimming a thinfilm resistor to a specified value that takes up much less space than laser trimming and can be completely automated under computer control. The method is the functional equivalent in magnetoelectronics of laser trimming in semiconductor technology. The proposed program will demonstrate, by fabrication and-testing, that the required precision can be achieved. IMEC will then apply the method to a critical component of its fast, nonvolatile, random-accessmemory. |
| MIDE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
247 Third St. Cambridge, MA 02139 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 441-9207
Brett Masters BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | Magnetically Activated Shape Memory Actuator (MASMA) |
| Abstract: | A Magnetically Activated Shape Memory Actuator (MASMA) is propiOsed. The MASMA c state-of-the-art materials technology with magnetic activation to supply a large s elevated bandwidth, actuator. MASM alloys have shown activated strains on the o 1.3% at room temperatures, for cm sized single crystals at frequencies up to an 400 Hz! The materials have also passively shown promise at cryogenic temperature of twin boundary motion and, as such, provide interesting possibilities for spa electromechanical systems. The material composition can be tailored for a wide temperatures. In the proposed work specific MASM alloy textured polycrystals, on the order of 10 cm, will be coupled with mechanical preload and field provide to yield a practical actuator for evaluation. |
| NP PHOTONIC TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
5507 North Paseo Ventoso Tucson, AZ 85715 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 577-1147
Ghassan E. Jabbour BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | Heterogeneous Integration of Organic Light-emitting Diodes with Planar Optical Waveguides |
| Abstract: | The goal of this project is to develop a novel self-aligned fabrication process to efficiently integrate organic light emitting diodes (OLED) with planar glass optical waveguides. The proposed innovative heterogeneous integration is potentially an extremely low cost technique to efficiently couple light from broad-band organic LEDs to optical waveguides, which has numerous applications in modern opto-electronics. The potential applications include optical interconnects and guided--wave absorption spectroscopy. |
| PACIFIC ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
1000 Edison Street, P.O. Box 359 Santa Ynez, CA 93460 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 688-2088
Mark A. Massie BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | On-Fpa Aanalog Nonuniformity Correction |
| Abstract: | Occasionally, a technology is developed which revolutionizes systems and permits an enabling advancement in an industry. This proposal describes an advancement which will have a profound impact on systems that the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization will use in the future. Infrared focal plane arrays (FPAs) have historically required the post-processing operations of two-point spatial nonuniformity correction (NUC) to compensate for gain and offset variations between the thousands (or hundreds of thousands) of pixel channels on the device. Through the development of other on-FPA features which have been implemented in the analog domain in massively parallel implementations, Pacific Advanced Technology (PAT) has laid the groundwork for the application of a complete automatic two-point NUC operation which could be hosted directly on the FPA itself. Test structures which have been included on a recent PAT-designed silicon wafer produced with 0.5 micron CMOS technology at the Hewlett Packard MOSIS foundry will be available to this program with no investment of time or money. This program will characterize the performance of the existing CMOS test structures and produce the design for a complete NUC implementation for a highly integrated FPA of at least 256 x 256 pixels in size. |
| QUASAR
7047 Carroll Road San Deigo, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 535-9680
Dr. Andrew D. Hibbs BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | New Type of Superconducting Low Noise Amplifier |
| Abstract: | Approximately 12 months ago a new amplification effect of over 30 dB was obtained in, DC Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID). The amplification is based on measuring the circulating current in the SQUID, instead of the induced voltage, which is the present practice. To achieve the high gain the SQUID must be biased into a regime in which in switches between internal flux states under the effect of thermal noise. A new high frequency amplifier is proposed that exploits this enhanced amplification effect. Based on the observed behavior of the switching state in the SQUID and the known characteristics of DC SQUIDs, a gain > 30 dB over a bandwidth potentially exceeding 50 GHz at a noise temperature of order 1 K may be possible for an optimized device. This performance exceeds that achieved in semiconductor technology for all three parameters. In Phase I we will draw up a mathematical model for the complete amplifier system including input coupling and output post amplification. Numerical simulations will be performed to predict the amplifier performance as a function of frequency. We will consider fabrication issues for implementation in low Tc and high Tc technology. The commercial potential for the amplifier will be assessed by considering a specific communications or instrumentation subsystem as a case study. |
| ROOM TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS INC.
301 A North Main Street Sebastopol, CA 95473 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(707) 824-9280
Dr. Kevin Shambrook BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | Patterning of Highly Conductive Microstructures in Ultraconductor (TM) Polymer Films |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I project will demonstrate an advanced fabrication process for making patterned conducting paths, which are many orders of magnitude lower in resistance than metals, in films of a new class of conducting material, Ultraconductor polymers. The conductivity of these proprietary polymers exceeds 10 S/cm, at temperatures ranging from OK to 480K. Present Ultraconductor films carry in excess of 106 amps / cm2 without heating. Successful completion of the fabrication development will enable the application of Ultraconductor films to a range of high-value BMDO topic areas, such as fine pitch interconnects, and electromagnetic shielding. The proposed fabrication process has been experimentally demonstrated, and is an extension of successful fabrication processes. The technique utilizes applied fields for condensing and patterning the intrinsic conducting filaments in Ultraconducting films. The material, Ultraconductor polymer, is the product of 12 years published research, and 4 years proprietary development. Ultraconductors are presently being developed for a range of applications, in part under USAF and BMDO SBIR contracts. The follow-on Phase II project will optimize and develop the most successful technique, for scale-up to commercial production of the fabricated films, and their application to a range of product categories. Anticipated Benefits/Potential Commercial Applications of the Research or Development. The benefits of these exceptionally conductive, elastic, stable materials, in the proposed fabricated form, holds high commercial and strategic value for the country. The proposed fabrication process will enable UltraconductorE application to BMDO technical areas, including low resistance connectors, fine pitch interconnects, electromagnetic shielding, energy generation, storage, and electric propulsion. |
| SUNDYE
7 Willow Dr. Townsend, MA 01469 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 597-5146
Harry Clark BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | A New Ultra Light Weight Power Source |
| Abstract: | This program will produce a portable, efficient, lightweight, flexible, cost effective solar power source. Small area, prototype devices, weighing the equivalent of less than 100 grams per square meter have been reduced to practice. At even modest efficiencies our system will be capable of producing hundreds of watts per kilogram. If necessary our system can employ hardened components for harsh military environments. It is anticipated that this military hardened system will still be less than 0.45Okg (~1 lb) in weight for a one square meter system, at a cost of less than $200 per unit. The flexible nature of the power source makes it possible to carry it in rolled or folded shapes. Rapid deployment of the power source can be achieved by simply unfolding or unrolling the device. The color of the device can be user defined from brown to blackish-green allowing mission specific camouflage. By applying an adhesive backing, our device can be placed on a soldiers apparel. It can also be placed over the wings of an aircraft without compromising aerodynamic integrity. Our system will be an enabling technology to increase mission range and duration for such military systems as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) or remote field operations. |
| TECONE, INC.
1803 Sageway Drive Tallahassee, FL 32303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(850) 562-9789
Louis R. Testardi BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | Detection of Charged Particles and Their Velocities Using Monochromatic Radiation From Modulated Structures |
| Abstract: | Charged particles passing through a modulated structure with time periodic crossing of its interfaces may emit photons of near monochromatic wavelength related to the particle velocity and the interface spacing of the modulated structure. The spatially dispersed photons will contain information on the velocity and the direction of the impinging particles, even though the impingement is localized and distant from the detector. This proposal describes a search for the near monochromatic radiation resulting from protons striking a thin firm modulated structure, to test this concept. |
| THORDIS CORPORATION
101 East Rembrandt Circle Sandy, UT 84070 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 553-0360
Charles D. Baker BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | Solid State High Voltage Power Supply |
| Abstract: | This project proposes to exploit the Giant Magnetostriction of Terfenol-D, along with the properties of piezoelectric ceramics to develop a new class of electric voltage transformer. The Magnetostrictive Piezoelectric Charge Pump (MPCP), when perfected, will provide a new option for the generation of high-voltage electricity. MPCP devices can be built in a wide range of configurations. The primary goal of this Phase I research is to define the factors that govern the design tradeoffs and limits of practical devices. The secondary objective of this Phase I project is to demonstrate the feasibility of constructing a small (sugar cube size), lkV device that can be driven and controlled with a 5 volt supply. These small devices should be able to be configured in series and/or parallel arrays to provide a wide range of high-voltage power supply options. Because of their anticipated small size and rugged design, the MPCP devices can be used in long term storage weapons such as mines and missile launch tubes. As the primary actuator is activated by application of an external magnetic field, firing of the mechanism can be accomplished without mechanical contact. Phase I work is expected to validate the contactless operation of the MPCP. |
| WITECH (WIDEGAP TECHNOLOGY, LLC)
5655 Lindero Canyo Road, Suite 404 Westlake Village, CA 91362 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 967-9433
Bernd Keller BMDO 98-016 |
| Title: | Hybrid Polymer - LED White Light Sources |
| Abstract: | Widegap Technology, LLC (WITECH) proposes to develop a hybrid polymer/LED white lamp which utilizes a blue (450 nm) nitride-based light emitting diode (LED) in combination with a luminescent conjugated polymer to produce white light. The resulting lamp will provide a robust, compact, highly efficient alternative to conventional light sources, promising a significant-- improvement in efficiency compared to tungsten and compact fluorescent lighting schemes. Efficient, solid-state nitride-based LED/conjugated polymer lamps will be ideally suited for critical remote and mobile lighting applications such as interior lighting for military vehicles and naval vessels where power conservation, robustness, and low heat (infrared) output are essential. During Phase I we will demonstrate techniques for the growth and fabrication of large-area, high output blue LEDs, and show proof of concept by combining the large-area LED with a conjugated polymer to produce white light. The achievement of the Phase I goals will facilitate the Phase II development of optimized very high brightness LED/conjugated polymer white liqht sources. |
| MISSION RESEARCH CORP.
735 State Street., PO Drawer 719 Santa Barbara, CA 93102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 963-8761
Scot R. Fries DSWA 98-002 |
| Title: | High Repetition Rate Microwave Modulation |
| Abstract: | Several important emerging applications require efficient, high-speed high-duty-cycle, amplitude modulation of high levels of microwave power, with low cost and small size-and-weight. The modulation frequency and average power required for these applications are far beyond the capabilities of existing technology. MRC proposes to research and develop two alternative methods of achieving square-wave modulation at rates as high as MHz and beyond. One proposed method uses innovative variations of RF pulse-compression techniques demonstrated by the linear accelerator community to achieve such modulation at efficiencies in the vicinity of 90%. This approach uses a CW microwave source and RF cavities to chop up, delay, and stack pulses, resulting in peak output power much higher than that of the source (e.g., about triple for 33% duty cycle operation). The other approach, aimed primarily at extremely-efficient crossed-field microwave devices (CFDs), achieves modulation efficiencies above 96% using relatively low-cost pulsed-power components, by essentially reducing the problem to modulation of the tube's dynamic impedance alone. MRC will be assisted in this endeavor by Litton Systems, Inc., which is sufficiently interested in the potential of this project to provide support during Phase I free of charge. In addition to the requirement for this technology in the DoD HPM community, there is substantial need for highly -efficient, low-cost, high-speed AM modulation of high microwave power in applications such as radar, especially airborne radar. AM modulation currently involves more expensive modulators or very inefficient linear microwave amplifiers that draw considerable power during the off cycle. |
| ALAMEDA APPLIED SCIENCES CORP.
2235 Polvorosa Avenue, Suite 230 San Leandro, CA 94577 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 483-4156
Mehadevan Krishnan DSWA 98-003 |
| Title: | Ultrafast Gas Curtain and Wire-Reinforced X-Ray Window Debris Shields |
| Abstract: | Alameda Applied Sciences Corporation (AASC) proposes to develop two components of a three-component, survivable debris shield for large area test exposures to cold (1-5keV) x-rays. These elements also have commercial potential in accelerators and in radiography. The elements are: an ultrafast gas curtain designed to be located close to the x-ray source to deflect plasma debris as well as ~um sized debris particles so that they miss the test object located at >15 cm from the source; a 1-D or 2-D grid that supports a thin soft x-ray window, making it far more robust than a free-standing foil, with high open area (~90%) and negligible artifacts in the test plane due to the grid structure. The role of this robust transmissive membrane is to stop those particles that have not been deflected by the gas curtain. These two elements are combined with an electromagnetic shutter, whose role is to stop larger but slower moving particles and late time hot gases. The three-pronged defense proposed by AASC, the gas curtain, electromagnetic shutter and robust transmissive x-ray window, constitute a debris mitigation system that is useful for today's simulators, while being eminently scaleable to the larger fluence-area products required by tomorrow's simulators. When z-pinch or laser produced plasmas are used as point x-ray or XUV sources for sub-micron lithography and microscopy, the mask/wafer region must be shielded from particulate debris. The debris shields developed here might be suitable for this purpose. Accelerator beamlines might also use these shields to protect delicate components from debris due to failures in vacuum beamlines or to make vacuum windows more robust. |
| NZ APPLIED TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
8A Gill Street Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 935-2030
Peter Norris DSWA 98-005 |
| Title: | A Novel III-Nitride UV Avalanche Photodetector |
| Abstract: | NZ Applied Technologies proposes to develop gallium nitride and aluminum gallium nitride high sensitivity avalanche photodetectors for solar blind ultraviolet wavelength applications. Solar blind ultraviolet avalanche photodetectors and position sensitive arrays with high sensitivity have broad applications in military, space, automotive, engine monitoring, flame detection, and environmental monitoring. The Al(x)Ga(1-x)N direct wide bandgaps covers from 3.4 to 6.2eV corresponding to a wavelength range of 365 to 200nm. These are ideal materials for developing UV photodetectors due to relatively high mobility, sharp cut-off wavelength, and high quantum efficiency. In Phase I, we will demonstrate the feasibility of the GaN/AlGaN APD solar blind photodetectors through the use of modeling and iterative fabrication runs. To overcome the high dislocation density problem found in traditional III-nitride MOCVD growth methods, we will use a novel approach to device structures coupled with the proven MOCVD technique. Using this novel APD structure we can effectively reduce dislocation density and fabricate the homojunctions and heterostructures, which are ultimately required by the APD device. In Phase II, we will refine the device designs, improve device performance, and to bring this high sensitivity ultraviolet detector to the marketplace. There are numerous commercial applications required for high sensitivity ultraviolet solar blind photodetectors such as automotive, engine and environmental monitoring, and flame detection. |
| QUANTUM EPITAXIAL DESIGNS, INC.
119 Technology Drive Bethlehem, PA 18015 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 861-6930
Scott Massie DSWA 98-005 |
| Title: | Enhanced Reliability of Radiation-hardened III-V Semiconductor-based Field Effect Transistors Using C-doped Low-temperature Buffer |
| Abstract: | Low-temperature MBE grown GaAs (LT-GaAs) contains a high concentration of excess As which gives rise to ultra-fast carrier-trapping time and excellent radiation hardness. In as-grown layers most of this excess As is in the form of As(Ga) antisite defects, of which only ~1% are ionized. Thermal annealing upon overgrowth with a device structure or during device processing results in a decrease of the As(Ga) concentration by about a factor of 100, accompanied by out-diffusion of excess As into adjacent layers. The benefits of LT-GaAs buffer layers for device isolation and increased radiation hardness can thus be realized only if their stability can be improved. Doping the LT-GaAs layers with Be (LT-GaAs:Be) can thermally-stabilize As(Ga) antisite defects and increases their incorporation. However, Be is known to be a relatively mobile element at high temperatures and LT-GaAs:Be may suffer from undesirable concentration-dependent diffusion at high doping levels. Here, we propose the use of C as an alternative p-type dopant in LT-GaAs. The combination of larger lattice concentration and superior thermal stability should make LT:GaAs:C a promising technology for radiation-hard field effect transistor (FET) applications. The proposed technology will offer enhancement in radiation hardness, thermal stability and reliability of III-V semiconductor-based field effect transistors compared to conventional undoped and Be-doped low-temperature buffers. |
| KTECH CORP.
901 Pennsylvania,NE Albuquerque, NM 87110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 268-3379
Walter R. Keller DSWA 98-006 |
| Title: | Hardness Validation by Verified Analysis (HV2A) Methodology for Advanced Materials |
| Abstract: | Ktech proposes to develop a HV2A methodology for the assessment of nuclear weapon effects on new materials that are candidates for inclusion in strategic and tactical military systems. The methodology (1) provides an estimate of the system requirements and operation environments for each application specific material/structure, (2) establishes the critical response modes, (3) provides a framework for the development of detailed physical models for the critical response, (4) establishes the procedures to verify and validation of the response model, (5) identifies the required material property tests and the necessary validation tests, (6) selects the AGT environments and techniques for the material property and validation experiments, and (7) a vulnerability statement for the material for the specific application. The use of the Damage-Response Mode Matrix (DRM) to define the critical response modes minimizes the model development, material characterization and validation necessary to develop a confident vulnerability statement for a new material in a specific application. The methodology will be used to develop a program plan for the evaluation of two sets of new application specific structures/materials in a Phase II program. Full utilization of recent advances in computing technology, x-ray simulator development and simulator diagnostics will be made in the development and implementation of the methodology. The methodology provides for the generation of the data (analysis and test) necessary to evaluate the vulnerability of a material/structure introduced into a strategic and tactical military system as a result of maintenance and life cycle procedures. Such issues will become increasingly important as we continue to maintain the preparedness of our aging stockpile. In industry, the same methodology can optimize welding, lithography, etching and material processing techniques. |
| SENSORTEX, INC.
PO Box 644 Unionville, PA 19375 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 444-2383
Kelly Reuter DSWA 98-008 |
| Title: | Flexible EMP Shielding Material |
| Abstract: | During the Phase I, a lightweight, multilayer coating will be deposited onto copper wire and the wire woven into a mesh. The coating provides a high level of EM shielding, including magnetic shielding, EMP shielding and powers line filtering. The woven mesh will form a flexible shield with similar properties. Draped over existing equipment or used to line the walls, it will provide temporary and reusable EMP protection. Unlike conventional magnetic shielding approaches, which rely on high permeability layers, this coating uses the interaction between a good conductor and the magnetic layer to produce the high absorption. This results in a low cost film with less sensitivity to handling and improved high field performance. Since the wire consists primarily of copper, it retains much of the ductility of copper and can be bent or flexed. Samples of the mesh will be fabricated and measured during the Phase I and the ability of the wire to withstand flexing will be verified. Both the low and high frequency of the braid will be modeled during the program. This mesh will have superior electromagnetic shielding properties and will be of special interest to the military in applications requiring high SE in high fields. Commercial applications will include shielding from hazardous electromagnetic radiation (homes, schools) and sensitive equipment. |
| CARPENTER RESEARCH CORP.
PO Box 2490, 27520 Hawthorne Blvd., Suite 263 Rolling Hills Es, CA 90274 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 541-2227
Herman J. Carpenter DSWA 98-013 |
| Title: | Efficient Digitization of Nuclear Fireball Film |
| Abstract: | The objectives of the proposed work are to develop the technical feasibility and detailed requirements for new methods and technology to decrease, substantially, the cost and time required to digitize and store high-speed, high-resolution film without sacrificing the spatial and grayscale depth of the original film. The work will be aimed at improvements that would make it practical to digitize and archive the entire U.S. nuclear fireball technical film database. Successful Phase I and Phase II efforts would culminate in the implementation of the developed technology into the DSWA DARE Data Engineering process. The results of this research could be of great value to the commercial film digitization and processing industry, in support of entertainment motion pictures, advertising, data archiving, and other film applications. |
| SICOM, INC.
7585 East Redfield Scottsdale, AZ 85260 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(602) 607-4838
Robert Putnam DSWA 98-016 |
| Title: | LPI Digital Wireless Video and Data Modem Video for Critical Asset Security |
| Abstract: | In the proposed SBIR Phase I program, SiCOM will: 1) demonstrate and parametrically field-characterize BitSURE(tm) an innovative and unprecedented interference and multipath tolerant spread-spectrum wireless high speed digital communications technology; and 2) develop a point modem design for a revolutionary reduction in size, power and cost for Phase II using SiCOM's(tm) unique Application Programmable Integrated circuit (APIC(tm)) design and fabrication resources. BitSURE(tm) modem technology creates a robust communication link under a wide rang of conditions, including high interference, distortion, and jamming. BitSURE's(tm) flexible spreading capability accommodates all link conditions and provides protection against unauthorized detection through lower spectral density and the intentional use of local interference. Thus, BitSURE(tm) is ideal for a variety of high-speed wireless communications applications where link pathologies make traditional communications impractical, or where such pathologies are part of a strategy to mask the communications link. BitSURE(tm) technology provides for error rate of 10(-10) or better, facilitating encryption and reliable transmission of critical data as well as high resolution live video. The proposed program, through Phase II, will dramatically extend design and functionality, and provide an entry into Phase III, where BitSURE(tm) modems will be developed as commercial and military products. Anticipated products resulting from a successful program will benefit a wide variety of military and commercial applications. Military applications include covert high-speed communications, tactical communications and DARPA's GLOMO program. Commercially, SiCOM will sell ICs for modems for unlicensed bands, where interference is rapidly becoming a serious problem, for uses such as: bypass of wired infrastructure, wireless T1 links to businesses, schools, internet service providers, etc., and campus building/LAN bridges. |
| BLAZETECH CORP.
24 Thorndike Street Cambridge, MA 02141 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 661-0700
N. Albert Moussa DSWA 98-023 |
| Title: | A Near-Source Model for Chemically Reacting Radionuclides |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a near-source model for the release of chemically reacting radionuclides. The model structure is based on an available code for reacting chemicals. The model will include interactive effects of nuclear transformation, chemical reaction, and plume physical motion. Such a model will provide fast and accurate predictions for the source characterization and transport of radionuclides in the near-source field and bridge the gap between source modeling and large-scale meterological predictions. It will be interfaced with existing HPAC capability to strengthen its applicability and predictability in providing real-time information for radiological emergencies. The code, complete with a graphical user interface, will run on computers equivalent to a Pentium PC. The code can be used in assisting government agencies such as DoD, DoE, NASA, EPA, and their contractors in assessing potential collateral effects of nuclear hazard from facilities and weapons. The code can also be applied by both government agencies and private industries for environmental assessment of accidentally released hazardous materials. |