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DoD SBIR FY01.2 - SOLICITATION SELECTIONS w/ ABSTRACTS Army - Navy - DARPA - OSD - SOCOM |
| MECHANICAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
1719 Rt. 10 East, Suite 205 Parsippany, NJ 07054 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(973) 326-9920
Mr. William J. Kelly ARMY 01-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Cased Telescoped Ammunition Smart Seal Development |
| Abstract: | Cased Telescoped Ammunition (CTA) has the potential to allow use of lighter ammunition-feed swing chambers, and more efficient ammunition storage, which will move the Army toward the lighter vehicles required by the Future Combat Systems (FCS) program. Technical obstacles have blocked the widespread application of CTA, particularly the sealing of propellant gases at the fore and aft of the cartridge during firing. MSI will extrapolate its experience in bioengineering applications with Nitinol shape memory alloys and other smart materials, and in design of seals for turbomachinery including aircraft gas turbine engines, using advanced computer-aided design analytical tools. In order to provide a tool for designing rings or sleeves which result in enhanced and reliable sealing, the coupled engineering problem will be attacked calculating the turbulent viscous leakage flow, acoustics, transient heat transfer, contact elasticity, and hyper-elastic (in the case of Nitinol) response. Physical properties required for the selected material (e.g. strain rate sensitivity of elastic modulus) will be verified by special testing by the material supplier. Three different conceptual prototypes will be manufactured to confirm their ability to take on conforming shapes, under elastic and/ or thermal loading, to enforce forward and aft sealing in a prototype 105 mm cartridge. Smart materials, particularly shape memory alloys, are applicable in many military and civilian applications involving sealing, gripping, deployment of large volume/ weight devices from initially compact storage containers, and actuation. Few applications have been attempted involving the sudden temperature changes or sonic rates of strain experienced by gun cartridges. The knowledge base accumulated to succeed in the CTA application will allow MSI to offer designs for other applications in aerospace, automotive, and industrial actuation and sealing in situations where temperature, pressure, or loading are extreme or may rapidly change, such as in plastic injection molding, and in gas turbines. |
| ORBITAL RESEARCH, INC.
673G, Alpha Drive Cleveland, OH 44143 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(440) 449-5785
Mr. Troy Prince ARMY 01-002 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Enhanced Range Using Adaptive Flow Control Structures For FCS Multi-Role Armament Munitions |
| Abstract: | To meet the goals of the Objective Force, the Army has initiated the development of Multi-Role Armament Munitions for Future Combat System (FCS). Current smart cargo projectiles and hit-to-kill munitions use conventional control surfaces like fins and canards for stability and control, which limit their range and maneuverability. Also, the volume required by the current control actuation system (CAS) limits the munitions payload capacity and the overall mission performance. Orbital Research proposes to develop an Aerodynamic Flight Control System (AFCS) based on two adaptive flow control structures: (1) Deployable Conformable Wings (DCWs) and (2) MEMS based Deployable Flow Effectors (DFEs). The control structures will be used in conjunction with an intelligent controller to provide a cost, power, and volume efficient flight control and lift enhancement system which can be readily integrated into any Army's FCS multi-role armament munitions. The AFCS will be able to maximize body parameters like lift for enhanced range, withstand harsh launch and environmental conditions (high pressure and temperatures, shocks, acoustic noise, etc.), and provide high maneuverability and control for least amount of power consumed from the vehicle. Additionally, the overall costs of flight control system per round will be kept to a minimum level. The proposed Aerodynamic Flight Control System (AFCS) will provide extended range and enhanced control and maneuverability to increase the lethality and accuracy of hit-to-kill and/or shoot-to-kill munitions. Military benefits will include providing Future Combat System (FCS) with a cost, power, and volume efficient control system that will enable rapid lethal response capability against a wide spectrum of threats. |
| OMNITEK PARTNERS, LLC
585 Farmdale Road Franklin Lakes, NJ 07417 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(201) 310-7666
Mr. Ernest A. Elgin ARMY 01-003 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative Conformal Power Sources for Advanced Smart Munitions |
| Abstract: | The objective of this project is to study the feasibility of a number of novel methods and concepts for conformable power sources that can be integrated into the structure of the projectile with minimal or no loss of the intended functionality of the structure. The structurally integrated power sources are load bearing. As the result, all or a significant portion of the space required to house the power source and the aforementioned components can be saved. In addition, the power sources and their related components are better protected against high acceleration loads, vibration, impact loading, repeated loading and acceleration and deceleration cycles that can be experienced during transportation and loading operations, i.e., are highly survivable. Such power sources are also safer, have longer shelf life, and are more reliable. The conformal and structurally integrated power sources have numerous other military and commercial applications. Such power sources are ideal for use in different types of missiles and rockets, in satellites and in all different types of commercial disposable electronic devices such as flash lights, cameras, and the like. |
| KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS, INC.
1408 University Drive East College Station, TX 77840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(979) 260-5274
Dr. Ajay Verma ARMY 01-004 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Active Projectile Course Correction System (APCC) |
| Abstract: | The main goal of this Phase I project is to demonstrate the feasibility of an Active Projectile Course Correction System (APCC) for a Light Fighter Lethality (LFL) Seeker High Explosive Projectile. An APCC system consists of a control and guidance algorithm for a projectile seeking an identified target through an infrared seeker. For the success of this project, there are three major areas where focus is required. First, there is a need for development of a reliable trajectory estimation algorithm based on sensed data. Second, there is a need to develop an on-board reliable feedback mechanism for course correction of the projectile. Third, there is need for development of a real time discrete control system for trajectory course correction. In this proposal, the key innovation is the control and guidance of a projectile trajectory for tracking a moving target using an on-board seeker. Some of the expected outcome of this project would be as follows. Real time ballistic projectile trajectory estimation using Data Fusion and Kalman Filtering. Synchronization of the image seeking activity using a flagging system with proper projectile orientation. Optimal desired trajectory computation using inverse dynamics. Target tracking using discrete controls for navigation and guidance. PACC will result in the development of some generic algorithms such as data fusion and Kalman filtering for enhancing the reliability of sensor data., discrete control algorithm for navigation and guidance of dynamic systems, trajectory estimation and optimization of dynamic systems. Some of these algorithms will be reusable in various other engineering applications. The technology developed under this project can utilized for other weapon systems of different sizes. For example, the results of this effort can be applied to the Medium Cannon Caliber Guided Projectile Program, the Objective Crew Served Weapon and the Objective Individual Combat Weapon. Immediate beneficiaries of PACC technology will be DOD. This technology can be applied to bomblets and sub-munitions for other services weapon systems. In the commercial area some of the technology developed for PACC can be used to build safety device for mid-air collision prevention of small aircraft. |
| SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS CO., INC.
500 West Cummings Park, Suite 3000 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 933-5355
Dr. Raman K. Mehra/Ravi K. Prasanth ARMY 01-004 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Miniaturizable INS/GPS/IR Sensor-based Navigation System for Small Caliber Projectiles |
| Abstract: | The Light Fighter Lethality (LFL) seeker projectile is a small caliber weapon with INS and imaging sensor. Its size, weight and short flight time places restrictions on guidance and control of a different dimension than normally seen in guided weapons. This project aims at developing navigation filter architectures, guidance laws and integration concepts that would enable LFL seeker projectile hardware development. Loosely coupled INS, GPS and IR sensor-based systems are proposed to maximize use of existing miniaturization technology. The main Phase I tasks are to (1) obtain LFL projectile simulation models, (2) develop INS/GPS/IR-sensor based navigation and control systems, and (3) evaluate system performance. Several control laws including classical proportional navigation and modern robust control will be investigated. Phase I option period will be used to identify hardware issues and promising technologies that may permit a prototype demonstration in Phase II. Scientific Systems Company, Inc will be supported by Draper Laboratory in all phases of the project. Integration of GPS, INS, and passive imaging sensors is essential for intelligent autonomy. The proposed work has direct applications in formation flying, distributed spacecraft, telerobotics, intelligent automobiles, rendezvous and docking operations, cinematography. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
655 Aspen Ridge Drive Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Dr. Iain T. McKinnie ARMY 01-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Brightness Beam-Coupler for High Power Diode Lasers |
| Abstract: | High brightness lasers have been identified as a means of producing acceptably short and reliable munition ignition times in large caliber guns. For practical purposes, these lasers must be compact, low-cost, efficient and robust to withstand the harsh shock environment. High power multiple emitter diode bars can meet these criteria, but poor beam quality (typical M2>1000 from a single 50W bar) and low spatial coherence are incompatible with the high brightness requirement for ignition. CTI proposes a novel, compact and efficient active beam-combining architecture, capable of dramatically enhancing the combined brightness of multiple diode bars to generate near diffraction-limited output. The beam-coupler has excellent heat dissipation, and a proprietary architecture that virtually eliminates thermo-optic beam distortions. In one possible configuration, up to twelve 50W diode bars are butt-coupled into, and combined in, a single 70mm long lightweight module. Modeling, anchored by our recent proof-of-concept demonstrations indicates a brightness enhancement of more than 300x with respect to the direct diode output. Modules may be stacked to scale power to multi-kW levels, as required, without loss of brightness. CTI's proven ability to design and engineer rugged and compact electro-optic systems for demanding environments will ensure a successful overall development program. Anticipated applications include (1) ignition systems for munitions and explosives, (2) high power laser for aerospace-platform missile defense, (3) low cost, active LADAR sensors for industrial and military markets (4) cost-effective laser sources for materials processing, printing, and medical applications. Waveguide amplifiers have the potential commercial appeal in the high power laser market that fiber lasers have in the low power market. |
| PC PHOTONICS
64 Windward Way Waterford, CT 06385 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 443-4356
Dr. Peter K. Cheo ARMY 01-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative High Energy Laser |
| Abstract: | Very high power can be obtained by combining a large number of diode laser bars, but unfortunately the combined output consists of a very low-brightness beam with very large beam divergence, therefore, it is unsuitable for igniting large caliber guns. PC Photonics is proposing a diode-pumped multicore fiber laser array, which is capable of delivering very high power in a high-brightness beam emitting from an aperture of ~30 microns, in which the power density is sufficient to ignite large caliber guns. By phase-locking 7 Yb-doped single-mode fiber lasers in a common cladding, PC Photonics has obtained a high-brightness laser beam by clad-pumping this fiber laser array with a multimode diode laser. The optical to optical conversion efficiency is 87 %. Under Phase I, PC Photonics will use the highest professional standard to design a high energy laser, which will meet Army Crusader's requirements with a great deal of confidence. Under Phase I-Option, preliminary experiments will be performed to demonstrate a unique technique for efficient pumping of the double-clad fiber at very high power level. High power diode-pumped multicore fiber lasers can be very competitive in the market place as compared to high power diode-pumped solid-state lasers and CO2 lasers presently employed by automobile, aerospace and heavy manufacturing industries for precision welding, cutting and drilling of metallic and composite materials. Other applications include laser printing, bar coding, inspection, dental and medical surgery. |
| ADVANCED CERAMICS RESEARCH, INC.
3292 E. Hemisphere Loop Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 573-6300
Mr. Micheal Fulcher ARMY 01-006 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Low Cost Composite Peizoelectric Spring for Acoustic Applications |
| Abstract: | This program proposes to develop a power source capable of producing a high-output directional transmission of acoustic energy, using piezoelectric spring-shaped drivers produced using ACR's Fibrous Monolith (FM) technology. These "springs" will consist of a piezo-electric core surrounded by a conductive metal outer layer, and will be configured to provide the desired acoustic output signal while giving consideration to device size, weight and cost. The use of FM processing technology will make it possible to rapidly provide any one of a virtually infinite number of final spring configurations. This design will also provide a method to "pole" the piezoelectric using the outer metal shell to provide both the necessary heat and electric field. The springs can be fabricated from a variety of materials, including those that provide significant high temperature resistance (i.e. >1000 øC). In addition to the above-mentioned acoustic application, these springs also have potential application as load sensors and piezoelectric actuators, especially where resistance to harsh environments is critical. This has a verity of commercial applications including load sensors, actuators and acoustic sources for stereo speakers. |
| LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC.
2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 961-4516
Mr. Robert Harman ARMY 01-007 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Power Generation/Recovery Systems |
| Abstract: | Modern soldiers are increasingly burdened with state-of-the-art electronic components that require batteries for operation. The added weight of these systems can exceed 80 pounds, excluding provisions required for prolonged equipment operation. Currently, sustained field operations require personnel to carry additional batteries or for logistic planners to ensure remote drops. Without this replenishment, even the most technologically advanced gadget becomes worthless and a mere nuisance for the soldier in the field. Replenishment becomes a non-issue for scenarios where motorized vehicles are accessible but for remote and /or small teams, guaranteeing a steady supply of batteries for these devices becomes a serious logistics problem. Luna Innovations proposes to ease this logistics problem with the development of a power generation device that captures the excess energy from small caliber gunfire. This device will utilize a very small portion of the excess kinetic energy generated during the firing of the weapon, will have no significant impact on the mechanical reliability or performance and will integrate easily into host platforms. The proposed device to be developed and integrated is a miniature linear alternator. The linear alternator approach provides the highest possible energy producing capability for a given size and can be integrated into existing sub-assemblies. The technologies and methods developed in this program can be applied to numerous military weapon platforms. In addition, research and development from this program will aid in the finding new ways of satisfying the increasing power demands for today's electronic world. Luna's previous success has resulted in two spin-off companies dedicated to the production of state-of-the-art sensing systems. |
| TOXSOR, INC.
PO Box 1174 St. Charles, MO 63302 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(636) 949-2664
Mr. Stanley Wilson ARMY 01-008 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Reconfigurable RF/Wireless Full-Duplex Syntonic Data Communication System |
| Abstract: | Next generation of advanced weapon systems and platforms, such as the Future Combat System Multi-role Cannon and Munitions Suite require low-cost embedded wireless sensors and actuators with data communication / command capabilities. With the growing need of sensors the powering and communication with them becomes a critical factor. Applications often require such devices to be completely embedded with no physical connection to the outside world. It is proposed that a wireless sensor system be developed that is a highly integrated data communication system design that combines embedded MEMS sensor technology with low power signal processing microwave RF MEMS techniques. The undertaking is focused on the development of the required system components. The expected result is an affordable flexible and complete power-aware data communications design that may be embedded within wireless munitions sensors. The DoD requirement for small form factor embedded wireless sensors for long term diagonostic testing and data loggging is highly supplemented by comparable applications in the commercial marketplace. |
| FBS, INC.
141 West Beaver Avenue, Suite 13 State College, PA 16801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 863-8026
Dr. Joseph L. Rose ARMY 01-009 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Real-Time Gun Barrel Condition Monitoring for the Future Combat System |
| Abstract: | FBS, Inc. proposes to demonstrate the feasibility of a real time gun barrel condition monitoring system using ultrasonic guided wave technology. Guided wave technology is especially suited to the cylindrical and plated (layered) geometry of a gun barrel. Under user control, guided waves can be channeled to specific portions of a gun barrel's volume and used to detect defects in those volume portions. This capability is key as crack arrays, occurring in gun barrels cause serious decreases in barrel fatigue and/or erosion life. Barrel impacts with external objects such as trees, rocks, and etc. can also manifest their damage in these volumes. FBS, Inc. will use its guided wave modeling capability and field experience knowledge base to isolate those aspects of guided wave technology most appropriate to gun barrel condition monitoring. FBS, Inc. will design a gun barrel condition monitoring system, build a prototype system, and demonstrate it to the U.S. Army. The research conducted here will advance inspection technology in many areas including tubes, plates, composite and multi-layered structures, etc. This project's use of modeling concepts, transducer design, signal processing, system construction, and control software will move the technology forward. Utilization of real time monitoring for tubular structures is highly desired throughout many industries (e.g., gas and oil, chemical, electric power generation, etc.). The steps taken here will advance the state of the art in guided wave inspection significantly. |
| NASCENT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS, LLC
P. O. Box 1470 Yorktown, VA 23692 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 224-0687
Dr. Joseph S. Heyman ARMY 01-009 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Real-Time Gun Barrel Condition Monitoring for the Future Combat System |
| Abstract: | Recent advances in ultrasonic array technology and the analysis of the associated waves for plate-wave propagation have enabled novel practical applications. In this Phase I SBIR proposal, we will demonstrate that helical ultrasound tomography (HUT) can be applied to assess gun barrel health for large weapons systems. Two transducer array belts wrapped around the gun barrel will launch and receive the complex wave modes that propagate in the gun barrel. Since ultrasonic waves are sensitive to cracks, thinning and distortion, it is anticipated that the information in the waves will enable a health assessment of the gun barrel itself. The measurement can be done in near real-time, and a portable device for field use is feasible. The Phase I effort will investigate the wave propagation and model the array design needed to extract diagnostic information associated with gun barrel damage. Tests will be conducted on representative samples and waveform analysis will be explored to correctly model the propagation parameters. Increasingly realistic samples will be tested to advance the model development and array design. The Phase I effort will provide sufficient information to achieve a preliminary design for an array system for real gun barrels. The application of this technology to gun barrels will also further the potential commercialization of the technique to monitor high-pressure manufacturing process pipes, power plant pipes and other valued advances in the commercial sector. |
| AMERICAN GNC CORP.
888 Easy Street Simi Valley, CA 93065 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 582-0582
Dr. Ching-Fang Lin ARMY 01-010 Selected for Award |
| Title: | MEMS INS for Pointing and Aiming Control of Large Caliber Indirect Fire Artillery |
| Abstract: | The objective of this Phase I project is to design a MEMS based Inertial Navigation System (INS) for pointing and aiming control of large caliber indirect fire artillery using the AGNC-developed microelectromechanical system (MEMS) IMU. In Phase I, first, the hardware and software design of the MEMS based Inertial Navigation System is proposed and investigated. Then, the multiple IMU placement and processing algorithms are designed and investigated. Next, an AGNC-developed MEMS testing and calibration system is used for design evaluation. Through system modeling and simulation, we investigate the feasibility and performance of the MEMS based Inertial Navigation System. Finally, an accuracy evaluation of the MEMS based Inertial Navigation System is performed by way of a hardware-in-the-loop simulation. The proposed navigation system can provide attitude and heading (azimuth), angular rate of attitude and heading of the artillery barrel for the control and aiming system. Integrated with the data from a GPS receiver it provides an accurate position of the artillery. DSP and ASIC based system hardware design makes it easy to provide military standard electrical interfaces (such as MIL-STD-1553B) to the command and control system. Because of its small size, low cost, and light weight, the MEMS based Inertial Navigation System has wide applications in navigation, control, and guidance. Examples of application areas include: land vehicle navigators, airborne vehicles, microrovers, micro tracking mechanisms, space robots, , micro UAVs, and miniature underwater vehicles. |
| ARTECH ASSOC.
1341 Hamburg Turnpike Wayne, NJ 07470 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(973) 628-7888
Mr. Edward G. Luxford ARMY 01-010 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative Inertial Navigation System for Large Caliber Indirect Fire Artillery |
| Abstract: | The proposed research effort is to complete a (concept) design for a durable, lightweight, compact, MEMS inertial measurement unit (IMU) for use with mortars and lightweight artillery. The systems in use at this time are too heavy and too large, which makes them very difficult to adapt to this (extremely high) shock environment (potentially > 15000 G's). The proposed design will not only use this breakthgrough in component technology (i.e. MEMS gyros/accelerometers), but through an innovative redundancy management approach, will provide unequalled performance with this type of hardware. The proposed system will provide pointing accuracy better than 1 mil-radian in bearing, and better than 0.25 mil-radian in elevation, over the full military environment, and the full range of requirements for latitude initialization (i.e. <5 minutes up to 65 degrees). The system design will use MEMS gyros that are expected to be in production in less than a year, and therefore this systems approach requires MEMS gyros with bias stability no better than 1 degree/hour. In order to insure that the concept is sound and that a successful prototype fabrication can be completed in Phase 2, the design concept will be proven through computer simulations in Phase 1. The benefit of the design/development of this system is the increased durability/reliability of the aiming and pointing systems for mortar/light artillery. Another benefit is that through the use of MEMS sensors, an extremely lightweight/compact inertial measurement unit (IMU) will be developed. This IMU will also provide unequalled accuracy, and because of its size has potential for application as a navigator for the dismounted soldier The commercial applications for compact, low-cost inertial systems are quite extensive and include supplementing GPS data for General Aviation, railroads, and cars and trucks. In all cases, providing more releable position information will improve transportation safety. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Information Technologies Div., 20600 Gramercy Plac Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Stephen Kupiec ARMY 01-010 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Artillery Orientation via Distributed MEMS Inertial Sensing |
| Abstract: | Determining the precise position, bearing and inclination of field artillery is essential for accurate fire. The rapid pace of modern warfare and the increasing efficiency of modern counterbattery methods dictates regular movement of artillery, obviating conventional survey techniques and placing increasing emphasis on the use of internal inertial navigation systems (INS) and of GPS. Present INS systems are vulnerable to shock, and are bulky and limited in accuracy. Physical Optics Corporation proposes to develop a novel distributed reference inertial artillery direction (DRIAD) system consisting of a distributed redundant network of MEMS inertial sensors coupled with carrier differential GPS receivers, which sense the movement and rotation of the artillery. This information is processed with data from existing sources to optimally estimate the position, bearing, and orientation of the artillery. A combination of Kalman and spatial operator algebra methods are employed for optimal fusion and tracking of the artillery. An optional detached inertial sensor will enable the system to recover rapidly from recoil transients. In Phase I, MEMS components will be selected and integrated into a preliminary sensor node design with COTS Carrier Differential GPS modules, and evaluated with preliminary data fusion algorithms. DRIADs in Army vehicles and UGVs will provide extremely precise information on the position and more importantly the orientation of vehicles and pointing devices, a particular boon to forward observers. The combination of rugged construction, precision, and greatly improved GPS reception in marginal areas will prove equally desirable to the automobile industry. |
| NOVA R&D, INC.
1525 Third Street, Suite C Riverside, CA 92507 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(909) 781-7332
Dr. Martin Clajus ARMY 01-011 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Two-dimensional detector arrays for hyperspectral x-ray imaging |
| Abstract: | Direct-conversion, position-sensitive x-ray detectors are needed in many important technologies such as medical and industrial imaging, nondestructive inspection (NDI) and evaluation (NDE), munitions monitoring, and baggage scanning. Advanced x-ray imaging techniques can register both shape and spectral information by measuring the attenuation of multi-energetic x-rays through the imaged specimen. The density and composition data thus acquired can enable machine recognition of materials, a capability that would be useful for several military and industrial applications. Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) has emerged as the detector material of choice for hyperspectral imaging because it works at room temperature with excellent energy resolution and has a large atomic number (Z), which is essential for high-sensitivity detection of x-rays. High count rate uniformity and maxima of two million or more counts per pixel per second have recently been achieved in CZT using a new linear array design and a custom readout system for ultra-fast hyperspectral line scanning. Further innovation building upon these developments would be desirable, in particular by designing and fabricating a high-throughput hyperspectral imaging system operating in the alternative staring-array imaging mode which would be useful in static as well as conveyor-belt type inspection applications. A very concrete need presently exists for such a system in the manufacture of munitions, specifically in inspection and process control operations which cannot be adequately monitored using current technologies. In response to this, we propose to develop a new x-ray radiographic system consisting of a monolithic two-dimensional, submillimeter resolution pixilated array CZT detector and the corresponding custom readout ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) and support electronics, which would have multiple x-ray energy imaging and high counting rate capability. The result of the proposed work will be a large, pixilated high-throughput, high-accuracy room-temperature and polarization free hyperspectral 2D x-ray imaging detector system with a custom made monolithic readout electronics chip to handle large amounts of data in real time. It will be able to perform hyperspectral, staring-array imaging in milliseconds using high flux output x-ray generators. This detector has many application capabilities for both the military and commercial sectors, such as immediate discernment of material composition for defects and anomalies at production rates in all kinds of products including propellants and explosives, as well as identifying material in security screening applications and medical imaging such as fast response bone densitometry. DoD applications include all standard x-ray and gamma ray inspection techniques at high speeds with hyperspectral imaging capability which is just evolving. For example, some of the applications are: NDI of munitions, Compton detectors for detection and monitoring of radioactive material, inspection of containers, and contraband detection. CdZnTe detector can be especially useful in battlefields due to their compact nature and room temperature operation especially for radioactivity detection and imaging. Non-DoD applications are even more extensive given the wider variety of objects requiring inspection in many different types of industrial situations. Our work will give special attention to the munitions inspection application which has specific and critical process control needs. |
| MORGAN RESEARCH CORP.
4811A Bradford Drive Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 533-3233
Mr. Michael Kranz ARMY 01-012 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Single Chip RRAPDS Compatible Sensor Suite |
| Abstract: | Morgan Research proposes a Phase I SBIR effort to develop an integrated MEMS sensor suite suitable for munition and missile health monitoring systems. This suite will include a three-axis accelerometer, a three-axis no-power shock sensor, a humidity sensor, and a temperature sensor. These sensors will be fabricated in a robust silicon-on-insulator (SOI)-based fabrication technology, and be modifications of devices already in existence. The Phase I effort is designed to perform all of the analysis and design required to being fabrication. A successful Phase I will lead to a Phase II in which prototype devices are fabricated and characterized in harsh environments. The proposed integrated sensor suite has application to a wide variety of military systems, including THAAD, Patriot, TOW, and rotary- and fixed-wing aircraft. There are also applications in the commercial sector health monitoring and general environmental sensing in automobiles, boats, and other expensive assets that require periodic maintenance. Furthermore, the device, if small enough, could find potential markets in the transport of food and other items sensitive to environmental conditions. |
| SPORIAN MICROSYSTEMS, INC.
4699 Nautilus Court, Suite 201 Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 516-9075
Dr. Kevin Harsh ARMY 01-012 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Single Chip Micro Electrical Mechanical Systems (MEMS) Environmental Sensor Suite |
| Abstract: | The objective of this SBIR proposal is to design and develop a low cost, micro- electromechanical systems (MEMS), multi-sensor "suite" consisting of 3-axis shock, temperature and humidity sensors, all operating on a single microchip. The desired performance characteristics being: temperature: -50 to 165 degrees F, humidity: 10-95% RH (+/- 6%), 3-axis shock: +/- 500 g's (+/-5%). Work will concentrate on trying to answer the questions of: what are the optimum designs for each sensor type with an emphasis on device integration, and what packaging solutions/configuration will best allow for integration and sensor function while minimizing final unit power and cost. Specifically, one system configuration has been proposed that uses combined optical and mechanical MEMS sensing techniques, which allows for the associated packaging to satisfy each sensor type's unique packaging requirements. Work tasks will include studying design, packaging, power minimization, relative merits of various fabrication processes, and analytical and numerical modeling. The work will be performed through a partnership between Sporian Microsystems and LMTS-Eagan that will take advantage of the two companies combined considerable knowledge base in MEMS design, fabrication, integration, subsystem design, and packaging. To date, the Army has not had a low cost device that could track the complete environmental exposure history of the munitions. Therefore one of the drivers for developing this technology is the need to know the environmental conditions associated with storage, transportation, and field deployment. This is a critical precursor to determining overall munition "health" status. But in addition to this application a low cost, low power environmental sensing/monitoring device would be highly useful in a wider range of commercial applications involving long and short term storage of sensitive equipment, manufacturing process control, status monitoring in automotive applications, food/perishables health monitoring, or HVAC systems. |
| WILCOXON RESEARCH, INC.
21 Firstfield Road Gaithersburg, MD 20878 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 216-3017
Mr. Kan Deng ARMY 01-012 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Single Chip, Three Parameter MEMS Sensor Suite |
| Abstract: | An innovative silicon-based MEMS multi-parameter sensing device is proposed for detection of environmental conditions encountered during weapons storage. The device has the capability to monitor up to 500 g shock in each of three axes, temperature -50 to +165 F (-46øC to +74øC), and humidity from 10% to 95%. The entire device could be contained in a standard surface mount package, cost less than $6.00 in quantity, and consume approximately 10 microWatt of power in typical applications. The entire suite of sensor structures can be fabricated with conventional MEMS processing technology now available at foundries. Device characteristics are entirely dependent on the thickness and geometries of thin films. This makes the sensor suite easily tailored to a wide variety of applications other than DoD's needs. Wilcoxon Research, as one of the nation's leading accelerometer manufacturers, has the capability to design and test the finished device and commercialize prototypes to provide volume production and thus minimize the cost to the government. Wilcoxon Research intends to explore applications for the sensor suite in a wide variety of uses. We envision such low-cost sensors being used for the protection of foodstuffs and medical supplies during the handling and transportation (especially, moisture and temperature), the monitoring of moving high-value and/or delicate shipments, as a way to determine if environmental limits of warranty has been exceeded, and in automotive and building control sensors. |
| ASTRON ANTENNA CO.
22560 Glenn Drive, Suite 114 Sterling, VA 20164 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 450-5517
Mr. Joseph R.Jahoda ARMY 01-013 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Reduce Diameter Hi-Power RF-Antenna |
| Abstract: | The program objective is the development of a high powered (over 200 megawatt) three dimensional, minimum aperture sized antenna that is protable and can be deployed in urban environments. It will be capable of delivering very high RF power over wide fields of view. This technology is directly applicable to radars and communications systems. The results of Phase II will provide more efficient, higher powered, and smaller antennas for radar and communications systems than presently available. |
| 21ST CENTURY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
8716 North Mopac Expressway, Suite 310 Austin, TX 78759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 342-0010
Dr. Sherry Marcus ARMY 01-014 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Enhancements to SAAS-MOD for Increased ASP Productivity |
| Abstract: | We propose two key enhancements to the SAAS-MOD system that encompasses the major Phase I objectives. The first enhancement to SAAS-MOD proposed is the optimization of the UCL for maximally efficient collection of those items at the ASP. The added value of this optimization will be a physical" route" in which ASP personnel can physically collect items of a UCL. Once these supplies have been gathered, the second enhancement proposed is to provide software and visualization capabilities that can optimize the packing of these supplies onto a pallet or flattrack to ensure a maximum payload. ASP's will be streamlined in operational capability. Personnel will be able to more efficiently traverse the ASP and to pack materials into vehicles for movement. |
| AMERICAN GNC CORP.
888 Easy Street Simi Valley, CA 93065 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 582-0582
Dr. Gabriel Udomkesmalee ARMY 01-015 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Distributed Battlespace Management Systems |
| Abstract: | The military battlespace is a complex, dynamic, and open multiagent system requiring timely and distributed information fusion and decision making. The objective of this project is to develop a distributed battlspace management system using the advanced multiple target tracking, the recursive modeling method, the dynamic programming, and Bayesian learning techniques. The innovations of this project include: 1) application of a Markov Chain Monte Carlo data association approach for solving complicated multitarget-multisensor tracking problems using inexact inputs received from diverse sensors; 2) development of a fuzzy Bayesian network to create a situation modeling structure and computational architecture for uncertain inference; 3) development of a recursive modeling method for enabling an agent to select its action and to coordinate with other agents by modeling their decision making in a multiagent domains; 4) application of a dynamic programming technique for solving the optimization problem for autonomous agents; 5) application of Bayesian learning for updating the agent's belief about the other agents by revising the probability concerned with the other agent's model based on their observed behavior; and 6) testing, demonstration and evaluation of the performance of the multiagent battlespace decision making system using a standard battlespace scenario in an intelligent virtual simulation environment. The research results of this SBIR program will lead to the following commercialized product: Distributed Battlespace Management Systems. The applications of this technology arise in all areas of the intelligent digital battlefield, manufacturing systems, intelligent vehicle highway systems, industrial processes, and command, control, communications, and intelligence (C3I) systems. |
| ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
9971 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 829-5864
Dr. John R. Budenske ARMY 01-015 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Intelligent Multi-Agent Hybrid Systems Control Technology |
| Abstract: | Superior information over one's adversary allows control of the battlespace, and ultimately provides opportunities to take advantage of the adversary's vulnerability. C2 planning is critical to shape and control the pace and phasing of battlespace engagements, and requires direct access to battlespace information in order to utilize it effectively. Effective C2 requires the ability to seek out relevant information sources; connect them where their information flow contributes; monitor the information flow to determine changes to the battlespace; and reacting to those changes. Because the battlespace is dynamic, attempting to utilize standard scheduling techniques will fail. In Phase I, an Intelligent Multi-Agent Architecture will be designed that provides dynamic, distributed, and adaptive decision-making, planning and execution across C2 systems. In our approach intelligent agents are assigned to represent all available weapon-platforms in the battlespace. Other agents are used to set up data-flow paths of intelligence and targeting information through the C2 battlespace systems. When targets are identified within the C2 systems, an agent is assigned to them and that agent negotiates with the weapon-platform agents for assignment. Such market-based negotiation strategies have shown to be superior over standard scheduling approaches when the domain is as tremendously dynamic as military battlespaces. This research will support critical DOD C2 and C4I applications as well as other distributed decision making applications in autonomous unmanned vehicles and battlefield robotics. Commercial applications include: intelligent highway and air traffic control; work-cell manufacturing; industrial inspection; job-shop scheduling; intelligent robotics; personal assistants (softbots); and mobility aids for the handicapped. |
| CHI SYSTEMS, INC.
Gwynedd Office Park, 716 N. Bethlehem Pike, Ste 30 Lower Gwynedd, PA 19002 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 618-1064
Mr. Ken Graves ARMY 01-015 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Intelligent Multi-Agent Hybrid Systems Control Technology |
| Abstract: | As Objective Force weapon systems such as Future Combat System (FCS), Multi-Role Armament System (MRAAS), and robotic missile, gun, sensor and reconnaissance systems approach fielding, humans who must control these systems are faced with an extremely difficult span of control and cognitive awareness problem in controlling these systems. This was amply demonstrated in a recent Future Combat Command and Control (FCC2) experiment at the Mounted Maneuver Battlespace Lab (MMBL). To establish effective human control over robotic systems, we must consider the development of one or more layers of autonomous agent control of the robotic systems. This could be considered as development of robotic squad and section leaders. These agents would control between 5 and 10 subordinate systems, such as sensors or guns, with minimal guidance from human controllers. CHI Systems will develop the technology required to perform robotic command and control for the FCS UOA. This technology will be derived from ongoing research for computer generated forces, which is aimed at developing autonomous commanders for simulation purposes. The technology will be embodied within a decision aiding component designed for use with the MRAAS Fires application architecture, and will be scaleable from the individual vehicle to Unit of Action echelons. Full implementation of FCS UOA Robotic Control with other systems in the netted fires and FCS environment will provide a seamless simulation and experimentation environment for development of robotic system command and control doctrine. The technology to be developed is a critical technology which has immediate commercial applications in the hazardous waste management, firefighting, and bomb disposal domains, all of which require command and control of robotic systems. |
| ORBITAL RESEARCH, INC.
673G, Alpha Drive Cleveland, OH 44143 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(440) 449-5785
Dr. Ravi Vaidyanathan ARMY 01-015 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Decentralized Hybrid Control Strategies for Autonomous Multi-Agent Swarms |
| Abstract: | The effective coordination of large groups, or "swarms" of autonomous vehicles working collaboratively demands the development of control architectures that emerge collective intelligence among groups of individuals. Nature, through evolution and natural selection, has optimized this behavior. Insect societies, in particular, demonstrate an organized "swarm intelligence" beyond the capacity of any individual within their troupe to understand. Although possession of similar capabilities is vital to synergize the performance of multi-agent teams for military missions, swarm behaviors cannot be predicted, only observed; resources are needed to evaluate interactions between the entities found in such force structures. In past work, our research group has generated swarm intelligence algorithms mirroring the capacity of societal insects to emerge collective intelligence. Furthermore, they have been successfully interfaced to fabricate a flexible, software system, and a globally optimal multi-agent task assignment algorithm. Orbital Research proposes extending this work to develop sets of control algorithms that may be configured to direct any swarm of autonomous agents. Phase I work will: 1) create a multi-agent simulation environment, 2) develop dynamic (recursive) control structures for on-line reconfiguration, 3) develop control structures to enable optimal prioritization for agents within swarms, 4) simulate the developed strategies for a candidate military mission(s), and 5) implement multi-agent hardware demonstrations of military relevance using the developed control strategies. In addition to filling an available niche in autonomous vehicle control, this system is anticipated to have very lucrative markets in both military and civilian arenas. Potential commercial opportunities encompass virtually any situation where multi-unit coordination is necessary such as control and simulation of microsatellite swarms, conventional and micro-robots, intelligent highway systems (ITS), and manufacturing lines where automated units must interact without human supervision. |
| CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP.
727 Airport Boulevard Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 668-2567
Mr. Glenn Beach ARMY 01-016 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Moir‚ Interferometry Measurement Device |
| Abstract: | The Army is continually assessing materiel condition in the field through a process that involves manual gaging of components. This process tends to be slow and prone to operator error. Cybernet proposes to implement a reliable rapid non-contact 3D surface shape data acquisition system to facilitate this gage measurement. Cybernet proposes the use of a Moir‚ interferometry optical ranging sensor and supporting software for the described application. The Moir‚ interferometry technique suggested for this effort uses simple visible light illumination, a fixed field-of-view with no moving parts (save for simple focusing adjustments which are performed once during setup), and has a very fine depth resolution. Cybernet Systems has developed a Moir‚ interferometry sensor that has performance capabilities exceeding 1/1000 of an inch. Cybernet's Moir‚ interferometry sensor also has a large field of view for rapid scans of large objects. Furthermore, we will leverage our extensive networking experience to create a complete system capable of retrieving data from specification databases and remotely updating inventories. The technology developed will be used to inspect manufactured parts for problems as they come off the assembly line. This should allow manufacturers to improve quality and decrease cost. |
| DCS CORP.
1330 Braddock Place Alexandria, VA 22314 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 683-8430
Mr. Edwin S. Gaynor ARMY 01-016 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Multi-Purpose Portable Measurement Device |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a simple and accurate field-portable optical device for obtaining critical dimensions for ammunition of size 5.5 mm - 8". Laser-triangulation-based inspections will be performed by passing the munition by-hand through a doughnut-shaped aperture, or in some cases, by passing a probe by-hand near the shell. Inspection results, to consist of dimensional quantities or dimension differences relative to a reference, will be delivered to a local or remote gage database. The 3DGage will be a new application of existing nascent surface profiling technology at DCS Corporation. The existing technology has been shown to be feasible but not commercially viable for anatomical surface profiling. However, armament inspection, where the surface is relatively smooth and predictable, represents a perfect fit for the DCS technology, which can obtain up to 50,000 point measurements simultaneously over a surface patch. DCS will design the 3DGage hardware and software and a database in Depot Surveillance Record (DSR) format. Experiments to demonstrate feasibility of the core concepts will be performed using existing hardware. System design testing will be performed using simulations of the surfaces and the algorithms. The Phase I Option will prepare for Phase II by obtaining a key component of the prototype 3DGage. The proposed device will be useful in many military surface profiling applications where the object is rigid and smooth. Other markets are industrial manufacturing, medical, toy manufacturing and automotive (e.g. tire inspection), where a 3D representation or dimensions of smooth, rigid objects are required. The research will also be useful to improved design of arbitrary-surface measurement devices, and could re-energize DCS' pursuit of the oncology patient positioning market. |
| CHI SYSTEMS, INC.
Gwynedd Office Park, 716 N. Bethlehem Pike, Ste 30 Lower Gwynedd, PA 19002 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 618-1064
Mr. Ken Graves ARMY 01-017 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Reusable, Adaptable and Scalable Decision Aids Components for Future Combat Weapon System Applications |
| Abstract: | A key technology hurdle for advanced weapon technology is that of Battle Damage Assessment and Retargeting (BDAR). In a recent experiment involving precision guided missiles, missiles could not distinguish between destroyed targets, and targets still presenting a threat. Typically, 6 missiles launched at 5 vehicles all hit the same target, leaving 4 undamaged vehicles. This led to shortages of missiles, and blue force casualties. BDAR will prevent this scenario. BDAR performs real time sensor fusion, battle damage assessment, and retargeting of in-flight precision munitions. In the BDAR concept, sensors provide initial targeting data. This feeds an effects control network, which targets precision weapons to defeat a target array. Initial targeting will distribute precision munitions appropriately by assigning the right number of munitions to the array. After launch, the munitions will begin to impact the target array, and sensors begin determining battle damage assessment. As the sensors determine that a target is destroyed, they will communicate this data to the effects control network to cause retargeting of in-flight munitions, or directly communicate with, and retarget, in-flight munitions. The decision aid will be a component of the MRAAS Fires architecture, and will be compliant with Appendix F, to the JTAA. The BDAR decision aid will be an answer to the current problem of expending scarce munitions on unprofitable targets. Complete implementation of the decision aid during Phase I and II of the proposed effort is intended to take place within the context of the MRAAS Fires program. The concepts and implementations will serve as a technical base for technology insertion into a number of Army Science and Technology Objective (STO) programs under consideration for Initial Brigade Combat Team and Objective Force operations. The decision aid component can also be applied to civilian domains such as stock quoting, logistics management, and police operations. |
| NANOPOWDER ENTERPRISES, INC.
Suite 106, 120 Centennial Ave. Piscataway, NJ 08854 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 885-1088
Dr. Ganesh Skandan ARMY 01-018 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A New High Rate Process for Nanoparticle Separation |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a new high rate process for sorting nanoparticles in the gas phase. The process also overcomes the fundamental limitation of the existing differential mobility analyzer, thereby allowing an output that is conducive to industrial use. The nanoparticle separator can be used either as a stand-alone system, or in conjunction with a nanoparticle generating reactor, such as a plasma system. The nanoparticle separator is conceptually novel since it involves strategic utilization of electrostatic forces in synergistic aerodynamic configurations, which exploits the inertia-based and/or size-mobility of nanoparticles, thereby allowing for effective size-based sorting. In Phase I, the nanoparticle separator will be experimentally demonstrated, combined with computer simulation to refine the process and scale-up to deliver an output in excess of 1 kg/hour. A scaled system will be constructed in Phase II, and integrated with a nanoparticle generating reactor in Phase II, either in-house or at the Army facility. There are several nanopowder synthesis processes, the plasma process being one of them, which yield nanoparticles with a wide size distribution. While the process is intrinsically inexpensive and scalable, the particles need to be separated based on the size in order to be effectively used in any application. Our program addresses this critical need. |
| AMERICAN GNC CORP.
888 Easy Street Simi Valley, CA 93065 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 582-0582
Dr. Gabriel Udomkesmalee ARMY 01-019 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Intelligent Cargo Handling Systems Using MEMS IMU/GPS and EO Sensor |
| Abstract: | This project is aimed at developing a novel motion planning and control system to increase the autonomy and dexterity of cargo handling systems. In Phase I, system architecture, processing/control methodology, component specifications, and performance analysis will be carried out. AGNC's miniaturized MEMS IMU/GPS navigation and a selected EO sensor will be employed to accurately provide both inertial and target-relative guidance signals needed to perform automated tele-operation maneuvers such as the cargo handling system's real-time motion planning/control with collision avoidance. A fuzzy logic approach will be explored and incorporated into the guidance algorithm and controller design of the cargo handling system to accommodate parameter and payload uncertainties. In addition, development of integrated software environment design and simulation package is planned, which provides user-friendly evaluation and demonstration tools for the proposed design approach. The deliverable product is a final report documenting design approaches, requirements, and modeling/simulation results. This project will lead to a generic guidance/navigation/control system with great commercial potential. Possible applications include automobiles, spacecraft, aircraft, and autonomous vehicles. |
| REAL-TIME INNOVATIONS
155A Moffet Park Drive, Suite Sunnyvale, CA 94089 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 734-4200
Mr. Gordon Hunt ARMY 01-019 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Adaptable/ Reusable Hardware/Software Architectures and Components for Future Combat System (FCS) Automated Resupply |
| Abstract: | Progress in the area of intelligent automation is impeded by the lack of standardized architectures that promote software reuse. Conventional design methodologies require tailored software solutions that are expensive to implement and difficult to modify. This proposal addresses the need for flexibility and reusability with a scalable architecture that supports a component-based programming paradigm. Phase I will demonstrate the feasibility of the offered approach - in the context of demanding real-time intelligent automation applications - with a suite of interchangeable hardware/software components. The robustness of components and supporting architecture will be tested in simulations. Metrics that quantify costs savings and percentage of software reuse will be used to assess potential impact of the component-based methodology. Phase II will culminate in a prototype demonstration of two different material handling platforms sharing common components. The proposed solution will provide a component-based approach for software design and implementation for a wide variety of automated material handling machines. This will enable the Army to lower development time and cost of these machines while leveraging previous work. These software components can provide equal benefit to the commercial sector by providing a software development standard for machine automation. |
| ROBOTICS RESEARCH CORP.
101 Landy Lane Cincinnati, OH 45215 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(513) 733-5500
Mr. James D. Farrell ARMY 01-019 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Adaptable/ Reusable Hardware/Software Architectures and Components for Future Combat System (FCS) Automated Resupply |
| Abstract: | The goal of this research program is to demonstrate that a distributed component software architecture (DCSA) affords an exceptionally reusable, adaptable, modular, maintainable, extensible and scalable (RAMMES) platform for the implementation of the upper layers of robotic controllers for quasi real-time control of demanding field materiel handling, re-supply and logistics automation for Future Combat System (FCS) applications. This program will accomplish the following tasks: 1- Evaluate, select and implement an established distributed component protocol that complies with the Joint Technical Architecture(JTA)specifications. 2- Convert Robotics Research's R2 Controller legacy materiel handling control software into distributed components. 3- Specify an R2 enterprise controller network based on network-centric computing technologies for the sub-domain framework of material handling vehicles. 4- Evaluate emerging distributed computing technologies such as interface agents, transaction servers, Java Jini, ActiveX, DNA, XML, SOAP, etc. for employment in the next generation of network-centric controllers to support FCS tasks. The DCSA will facilitate rapid deployment via "plug and play" of advanced sensor control techniques, operator interfaces, etc. It will enable the system integrator to optimize system performance and resources by adjusting component residencies and network topologies, and provide the infrastructure to support a network centric control platform. Portable DCSA technology is vital to the global effort to "industrialize" software development, in which standard components can be assembled to build complex distributed systems. A repository of proven, distributed, and portable software components will reduce development, maintenance and over all life cycle costs. Presently, commercial DCSA software packages are now offered on the Internet as high-level distributed and scalable components that address the areas of database transactions, system load monitoring, security safeguards, etc. This Internet paradigm will prove to be equally applicable to large-scale controller networks. DCSA technology encourages RAMMES software development and will be instrumental in the next evolutionary step of Internet "plug and play" devices. Moreover, DCSA serves as the foundation for Distributed Component Object Modeling (DCOM) wrapping techniques, which allow legacy code to be integrated into present and future computing environments. |
| COPRIME
P.O. Box 2010 Pawtucket, RI 02861 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 229-3390
Dr. Jose E. Lopez ARMY 01-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Learning-Based Source Separation Methodologies Applicable to the Multiple Target Problem |
| Abstract: | Coprime proposes to investigate the applicability of learning-based source separation methodologies to the problem of multiple targets in a complex acoustic environment. The Phase I effort will focus on identifying viable learning-based source separation algorithms specifically tuned to the multiple combat vehicle scenario. A prototype architecture will be developed and numerical software rapidly developed in order to test the performance of the learning-based algorithms developed on multiple combat vehicle data sets. Coprime proprietary Vehicle Signal Analysis Environment and Vehicle Monitor Simulation Environment will be employed to assist in evaluating the performance of the learning-based source separation algorithms developed under this Phase I. Anticipated benefits include robust, low cost, software-based, modular algorithms that can be rapidly integrated into a wide variety of passive, acoustic monitors used in sophisticated surveillance systems. |
| INFORMATION SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
5412 Hilldale Court Fort Collins, CO 80526 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(970) 226-6706
Dr. M. R. Azimi-Sadjadi ARMY 01-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Detection, Tracking and Classification of Multiple Targets using Advanced Beamforming and Classification Methods |
| Abstract: | The problem of detection, classification and tracking of multiple vehicles in battlefield situations is the focus of this Phase I research. Typically, multiple unattended sparse passive acoustic arrays are exploited to monitor, track and identify the potential targets. Although, the present technology is capable of successfully detecting, tracking and classifying single targets, extension to multiple targets especially when they are closely spaced pose many technical difficulties. As a result, new schemes are needed to provide fast and accurate detection and identification of different types of targets from passive arrays of acoustic sensors. To address this problem, we propose to study and develop dedicated methods for multiple target detection/classification and tracking. One primary criterion is to develop fast algorithms that don't make any a priori assumption about the number of targets, target's dynamical information and initial conditions, and background interference and clutter. We will develop a subband-based direction of arrival (DOA) estimation method for better differentiation of different tonal features of the signatures and a sequential Bayes method for target (vehicle) classification. The algorithms will be tested on several multiple target cases that involve various target scenarios, high density of clutter and correlated interference, and collected in different environmental conditions. In battlefield situations the ability to make rapid and yet very reliable decisions becomes of utmost importance in order to identify, localize and destroy the targets. This is critical to the survival of lives and material. The potential of this study for broad-based technology transfer is immense. There are several Government agencies and companies in the U.S. that involve with the development of various automatic target detection, classification and tracking systems for different active and passive sensor platforms. The algorithms developed in this research are general and can be applicable to a multitude of similar problems. Thus, the results of this research could lead to the development of many other acoustic signature analysis systems in a wide market encompassing military, environmental, and commercial areas. |
| TECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING RESEARCH, INC.
16 Wildhedge Lane Holmdel, NJ 07733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 946-7231
Mr. Benjamin Tirabassi ARMY 01-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Battlefield Acoustic Signature Analysis |
| Abstract: | The use of advanced signal processing techniques such as signal recovery, adaptive beamforming and beam optimization solutions are explored to realize the potential for networked acoustic sensors to detect, track and classify target vehicles. The ability to determine the number and types of vehicles, when closely spaced, is a particularly challenging motivation. A reasonable cost effective solution is sought using acoustic arrays less than four (4) feet across and containing less then eight (8) microphones. Our approach addresses the development of algorithm enhancements, which are additive to the total solution. Unique to this approach is the application of Technology Engineering Research Inc (TERI) previously conducted research in the use of beamforming methods to detect and track human speakers in a crowded environment for the purpose of speech recognition and speaker identification. These novel techniques use blind source separation, deconvolution, and maximization algorithms that can determine and extract the multiple target signatures within the beam to enhance existing classification algorithms and diminish background environmental effects. Phase I will be used to review presently employed classification and beamforming techniques and how the proposed new algorithms will build and enhance these existing solutions. Improvements in blind separation of targets and advanced adaptive algorithms are being developed by TERI for use in speech recognition applications. The outcome of this effort will be to provide a combination of improved beamforming methods with blind separation technologies, leading to applications, which will enable improvements in the ability to provide detailed surveillance of individual targets in a cluttered multi-target environment. The algorithmic approach will ultimately become a module as part of a top level algorithm with the purpose of identifying the location of a tactically significant target formation, through the use of various counting, tracking, and classification sub-algorithms. TERI will submit MatLab algorithm and simulation of multiple target classification improvements to the Government. Improved blind separation algorithms will be integrated as part of the Government acoustic data acquisition and algorithm development environment, then tested in the field for enhanced multiple target identification and tracking during Phase II. Applications for this technology exist for extended range and enhanced detection accuracy and effectiveness wherever intelligent acoustic sensors are employed under variable environmental conditions. Use for tracking acoustic signatures can be applied to speaking participants during a tele-conference to detect and "focus" on comments, for mobile phones, for use in tele-medicine under noisy conditions and for unmanned aerial surveillance vehicles. |
| CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP.
727 Airport Boulevard Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 668-2567
Mr. Glenn Beach ARMY 01-021 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Optical Projectile Identification and Inventory System |
| Abstract: | As armaments are loaded into a magazine, a pair of cameras sits silently by, allowing a computer to dutifully record what type of round-including fuze type and charge setting-goes into each location. An automated armament system now has enough information to call upon the magazine, index to the required projectile, extract it, and load it into the gun to complete a fire mission. In this Phase I project, we propose to leverage our existing technology and experience in machine vision to design a system capable of identifying and tracking rounds based on physical characteristics such as size, shape, color, and standard markings and recording their position in a magazine during loading. Given CAD files of the types of rounds that could be loaded, the computer would compare the images from the cameras to the three-dimensional representations and markings database and return the type and position of the round found. The system will be able to quickly and accurately assemble the exact location and type of each round available. In addition to the military benefits of an optical recognition and inventory system, commercial interests include picker robots, assembly line robots, and warehousing systems. |
| TPL, INC.
3921 Academy Parkway North, NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 342-4431
Dr. Randal A. Johnson ARMY 01-022 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ultrasonic Fragmentation of Cast Energetic Materials |
| Abstract: Abstract not available... | |
| PROCESS TECHNOLOGY OPTIMIZATION, INC.
4246 Ridge Lea Road, Suite 42 Amherst, NY 14226 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(716) 836-7233
Dr. Paul J. Orosz ARMY 01-023 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative Catalytic Reactor to Eliminate Red Water Pollution |
| Abstract: | A laboratory scale, batch process has recently been developed that selectively nitrates toluene to the para-nitrotoluene isomer while eliminating the meta-nitrotoluene isomer. The meta isomer is the source of "red water" pollution in TNT production. This proposal describes a plan to demonstrate the feasibility of the technology in a laboratory scale, continuous reactor. Although a source for the preferred catalyst has been identified, additional catalyst studies have been incorporated in the program to insure availability and to address potential particle issues associated with a continuous reactor. A commercial nitrator has been identified and has expressed a keen desire to be part of the commercialization effort. The anticipated benefits of this technology would be the elimination of the "red water" pollution associated with TNT production. Although the potential market for mononitrotoluene could reach 800 MM lbs/yr, a more realistic target would be to focus on 15-25 MM lb/yr of mononitrotoluene, with sales of $5-10 MM/yr. |
| TDA RESEARCH, INC.
12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 940-2321
Dr. Girish Srinivas ARMY 01-023 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Reactor System for Toluene Nitration |
| Abstract: | The nitration of aromatic hydrocarbons is used to generate a wide variety of chemical intermediates. The nitration of toluene produces the three isomers, ortho-, meta-, and para- mononitrotoluene. The meta-mononitrotoluene is the source of Red Water pollution during TNT production. Research into the production of mononitrotoluene (MNT) is focused on the production of the para and the ortho isomers, without the formation of the meta-isomer. The Army has developed a solid-acid catalyzed method for the nitration of toluene that produces high yields of para-mononitrotoluene. In Phase I, TDA will design, operate and obtain data on a continuous flow reactor that will help us design a complete toluene nitration process based on the Army's new solid acid catalyst. TDA will design and operate a continuous flow reactor in our laboratory and will perform experiments to determine the rate of reaction and the mass transfer coefficients. In the Phase I option, we will begin the scale up for Phase II using the kinetic and mass transfer data obtained in Phase I. Our commercial partner is one of the leading producers of dinitrotoluene, producing 1.5 billion pounds of the chemical per year totaling over $0.5 billion/year, mainly for use in the polyurethane industry. The successful development of a reactor and a process for shape selective nitration has a significant commercial impact on the chemical industry as evidenced by the revenue streams for toluene nitration compounds. |
| SOAR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
3600 Green Court, Suite 600 Ann Arbor, MI 48105 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 327-8000
Dr. Scott Wood ARMY 01-024 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Command and Control Training in Future Combat Systems (FCS) Units with Manned and Robotic Elements |
| Abstract: | The FCS vision of future armored and mechanized military structure includes use of mixed teams of human and robotic forces on a dynamic, rapidly changing battlefield. This will require an overall force reduction with multiple entities controlled by individual team leaders and multiple teams to be lead by higher-echelon commanders. To accomplish this, systems will have to be designed to require less human interaction and greater robotic autonomy. Successful implementation of this shift will require autonomous and semi-autonomous robotic forces and a command and control infrastructure that will allow both human and robotic-teams to be controlled quickly and easily. Key to this will be the degree to which teams and individual robots are autonomous, and whether the commander's human-machine interface is designed so the commander has superior control & awareness of the situation. The initial phase of this effort will determine whether an agent framework built around the three specified agent types (Tasking, Coordinating, Monitoring) can be constructed to add an intelligent abstraction layer between human military commanders and robotic battlefield entities. The focus will be to identify the human-interface issues, design potential solutions and create software that supports the commander's tasks and mitigates human performance limitations. The technical and theoretical accomplishments produced by this project will be crucial for successfully implementing the FCS force transformation vision because it will provide the multiplier effects necessary for optimal control of robotic teams. Other FCS command and control programs will thus be the primary commercial opportunity. In addition, the interface agent system developed for this project has applications in other domains with similar command and control requirements. Crisis management, for situations such as natural disasters, riot control, event or personal security, and terrorist attacks, where tight coordination of multiple cooperating teams is crucial, is a key domain in which Cooperative Interface Agents for Networked Command, Control and Communication (CIANC3) technology can provide enhanced performance. Other domains include factory control and automation, mass transit management, and emergency room management. |
| KNOWLEDGE ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC.
4940 Pearl East Circle, Suite 200 Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 545-9092
Lynn Streeter, Ph.D. ARMY 01-025 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Critical Incident Network for Computer Supported Collaborative Leadership Learning |
| Abstract: | Increasingly frequent and diverse coalition contingency missions demand broader strategic leadership skills in senior officers. The knowledge to deal with such critical incidents is largely tacit, based on voluminous experience, and demands up-to-date understanding of the myriad political, cultural, economic, and operational factors involved. An emerging technology for improving such leadership skills can be provided by discussion and sharing of knowledge and experiences in a computer-supported cooperative learning environment that embeds an intelligent text-understanding software agent based on Latent Semantic Analysis. In Phase I a prototype web-based system will be built that (a) helps to identify critical incidents and vignettes, (b) presents vignettes in a distributed cooperative learning environment, (c) monitors and enhances their discussion by connecting relevant comments to each other and to archival information, and (d) continually assesses and tutors the strategic thinking of individual participants and the group as a whole. Phase 1 will establish online data sources and collection paths needed for the project, automatically poll these sources for relevant material, and download it to a database accessible to the intelligent software agent. Friendly user testing by the target senior officer population will address the prototype's usefulness and usability. When perfected and operational, an electronic distributed cooperative learning environment will increase opportunities for practicing strategic leadership skills on relevant critical incidents. The envisioned tools provide instant access to timely information and situational updates forming the basis of decisions. They also increase the representation of the team to any legitimate member with internet access, making it possible to form ad-hoc discussion groups on a need-to-know basis. In addition to supporting synchronous or asynchronous team problem solving discussions, such a system could be a powerful teaching tool in a distance learning environment. While the initial environment targets relatively high level officers, such an environment is useful for lower ranking officers as well. In the private sector, such an electronic distributed cooperative learning environment could be used to in supporting strategic thinking skills in diverse fields, such as law, medicine, and business management. All such fields have critical incidents and conflicts which tax relevant experience and leadership skills. In educational applications it would offer opportunities for the enormous amounts of practice needed to acquire leadership skills in any domain. The benefits of a largely automatically developed computer based system would be synergistic with those of ADL and the Internet. |
| APTIMA, INC.
12 Gill Street, Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 496-2419
Dr. Kathleen Hess ARMY 01-026 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Revolutionary Selection Procedures for High Technology, Communication-intensive Environments |
| Abstract: | The Army is in the process of transforming itself from the Legacy Force of today to the Objective Force of the future. The Objective Force will have a new organization, new training techniques, new combat systems, and new ways of conducting warfare. Therefore new selection criteria and procedures will be required to identify recruits who can succeed in the Army of the future. In Phase I we will identify the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) that will be critical for success in the Army of the future, develop an understanding of how cutting-edge scenario-based simulation can be used as an integral part of a selection battery, and develop a proof-of-concept selection test battery that incorporates cutting-edge, scenario-based computer-simulations to measure some of the KSAs needed for successful performance in the Objective Force. In Phase II we will develop a fully functional, innovative selection battery for selecting entry-level Army recruits that is tested and validated. The Aptima-Visual Purple project team is especially well suited to perform the proposed work because of its unique inter-disciplinary combination of expertise in cognitive and organizational psychology, advanced simulation development, and simulation-based performance measurement, as well as its extensive experience in military command and control. The proposed work will allow the Army to more effectively select recruits for the Army of the Future. The innovative, simulation-based selection procedures that are developed for this program can be applied to selection of recruits for other military services and to other civilian and commercial domains that are revolutionizing their ways of doing business and therefore require different and innovative procedures for selecting new employees. Simulation-based environments are advantageous for measuring potential job performance because they are flexible and can test different aspects of job performance using differing combinations of task demands. A simulation-based selection testbed will provide personnel managers with a strategic method for both selection and job placement. Accurate selection methodologies will be beneficial to any organization because they allow the organization to expend its training resources on individuals who have the qualities necessary to succeed in the organization. |
| CHI SYSTEMS, INC.
Gwynedd Office Park, 716 N. Bethlehem Pike, Ste 30 Lower Gwynedd, PA 19002 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 542-1400
Mr. William Weiland ARMY 01-027 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Virtual Simulation Tools for Cultural Familiarization |
| Abstract: | In the coming decade, the U.S. military will become increasingly engaged in a variety of activities unlike the conventional military engagements of the past. Such "Operations Other Than War" (OOTW) depend on the ability of U.S. troops to understand and negotiate a complex of societal and cultural structures that may be entirely different from their own. The limited, textbook-form cultural familiarization that currently exists is not made available to the majority of armed forces members who may potentially engage in OOTW. New training technologies, including virtual environments and synthetic actors based on agents, offer the potential to provide experiential, scenario-based training that is effective, rapid, and widely available. The proposed research effort, VECTOR (Virtual Environment Cultural Training for Operational Readiness), will pursue development of agent, interaction, and virtual environment technologies for developing training systems across a range of deployable and training-center-based configurations. In addition to broad cultural familiarization (place, language, and customs), mission-specific training (procedures, tactics, techniques, and rules of engagement) can be supported. The Phase I effort will result in a proof-of-concept demonstration, an architecture and plan for Phase II implementation of a working, single-scenario prototype system, as well as a plan for commercialization and transition. VECTOR will provide cultural familiarization through immersion, which we believe will result in more rapid and effective training. In addition to imparting information about cultural background and specific mission characteristics, the approach may serve to reduce cross-cultural friction that prevents cooperation and increases risk. Such a training capability has extraordinary potential for improving the outcomes of non-conventional military engagements. Apart from use across the range of U.S. Armed Forces, such training is also applicable to foreign military organizations for preparation in joint operations. The technologies could be adapted for use by the State Department, and has widespread utility for multinational corporations with far-flung operations and a requirement to maintain good communications. At a reduced scale (i.e., in a desktop configuration, or distributed via the Web), such training systems are also useful to foreign-language students and travelers. The underlying technologies for simulating and portraying human affect and behavior have significant spin-off potential to the entertainment industry (for games and movies). Finally, these technologies could also be used to construct interactive customer service and help systems for the Web and telephone. |
| APPLIED EM, INC.
24 Research Drive Hampton, VA 23666 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 224-2035
Dr. C. J. Reddy ARMY 01-028 Awarded: 21DEC01 |
| Title: | Radar Signature Prediction |
| Abstract: | With the availability of fast and powerful computational facilities, we are now able to characterize full-scale vehicles. However, recent developments in fast methods and the availability of new hybrid methods that combine integral, differential and high frequency methods, have yet to be exploited for full-scale radar signature prediction of modern structures that may incorporate composites and radar absorbing materials at various frequency bands. Applied EM proposes to develop a hybrid approach to include fast integral equation solvers coupled with a variety of hybrid methods. We also propose the application of reduced-order models for frequency and angle sweep extrapolation leading for a fast construction of ISAR images. The developed computational tools will be applicable to both radar signature calculations as well as antenna performance predictions. These tools can also be used in commercial aviation, transportation and for industrial security. Increasingly new applications are also found in the medical imaging area. |
| COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS, INC.
8001 Braddock Road Springfield, VA 22151 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 764-7501
Mr. Terry L. Krohn ARMY 01-028 Awarded: 20DEC01 |
| Title: | Radar Signature Prediction |
| Abstract: | Design of next-generation vehicles for the Army must include an analysis of their detectability over a wide range of electromagnetic (EM) frequencies. Of particular interest is the frequency range of 50 to 200 GHz. At these small wavelengths, ground and air vehicles comprise millions of square wavelengths of surface area. The surrounding foliage, as well as earth surface terrains complicates the analysis. It is simply not possible with even the most sophisticated super computers to model these problems with exact solution techniques (Method of Moments, Finite Element Methods,.). Even most existing high frequency techniques become CPU preclusive for these problems. This work will implement an innovative and proven high frequency technique which will solve this RCS scattering problem in a very CPU efficient manner. The Technique centers around the ability to analyze doubly curved patches directly. A clever foliage model will also be implemented. Terrain modeling will be accomplished in the Phase I option. Thus, this Phase I (and option) will result in a functional next-generation Advanced Army RCS Code (AARC). The Phase II work will include the additions of sophisticated imaging techniques and a state-of-the-art graphical interface. Phase II hybrid development will be driven by the results of Phase I. This work will support the next-generation design of Army air and ground vehicles. This applicability extends to other DoD components. Commercial applications include "smart" car sensing of their environment, efficient placement of cell site amplifiers for the mobile phone industry and imaging in the medical industry. |
| HYPERCOMP, INC.
31255 Cedar Valley Drive, Suite 327 Westlake Village, CA 91362 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 865-3713
Dr. Vijaya Shankar ARMY 01-028 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Performance Computing in Hybrid Time-Domain CEM |
| Abstract: | HyPerComp, Inc., a premiere developer of innovative and highly scalable parallel computational environments for time-domain electromagnetics, is teaming with SAIC-DEMACO in proposing to develop and demonstrate under Phase I, a hybrid capability that combines the virtues of TEMPUS, a time-domain CEM environment for low- to mid- frequency full wave solutions with the widely used high frequency code Xpatch, developed by SAIC-DEMACO. Such a hybrid technology will significantly extend the range of cost-effective and accurate simulations of large-scale problems in CEM dealing with complex targets with small features such as cracks, cavities, and microstrip patch antennas on their surfaces, as well as modeling targets in the presence of foliage and ground effects. The time-domain CEM while serving the US defense interests in RCS and ATR applications, has numerous commercial applications. Some of them are 1) patient-specific bioEM studies of hyperthermia treatment of cancer using microwave radiation and study of cellular phone EM effects on humans, 2) EMC/EMI studies of high power electronic circuits, and 3) applications to waveguides and weather radars. Also, many of the pre- and postprocessing technologies developed for CEM, such as CAD modeling, grid generation, and numerical algorithms, apply to a number of other disciplines (e.g., CFD and Computational Manufacturing). |
| MONOPOLE RESEARCH
739 Calle Sequoia Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 375-0318
Dr. Marek Bleszynski ARMY 01-028 Awarded: 20DEC01 |
| Title: | Radar Signature Prediction |
| Abstract: | Our technical objective is to investigate the feasibility of a general framework for solving high-frequency scattering and radiation problems, based on combined rigorous high-frequency and low-frequency methods, and to develop a new electromagnetic simulation code based on that framework. We envisage a computational scheme encompassing three main elements: (1) geometrical optics method based alternatively on ray tracing or wavefront evolution methods, (2) rigorous asymptotic high frequency expansion for the integral equations for surface currents, (3) rigorous low-frequency numerical fast solution methods, also for surface current integral equations. A novel feature of our approach is a mutual coupling of these elements, forming a consistent and rigorous high-frequency asymptotic expansion scheme, without any arbitrary approximations introducing uncontrollable errors. During Phase I, we shall develop a self contained software prototype which will demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solution scheme. Significant improvement over the capabilities of the existing high frequency algorithms which are of interest to DoD and industry will be achieved. In particular, accurate simulation of electromagnetically large, realistic targets with subwavelength details will be possible at dramatically reduced memory and computational time requirements. |
| ELTRON RESEARCH, INC.
4600 Nautilus Court South Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 530-0263
Dr. Wayne E. Buschmann ARMY 01-029 Selected for Award |
| Title: | New Polyamide Interfacial Composite Membrane for Reverse Osmosis |
| Abstract: | The proposed program targets the development of a new polyamide interfacial composite membrane for reverse osmosis applications, specifically in the Army's reverse osmosis water purification units. The membranes are to be improved in their resistance to biofouling, chlorine degradation, and delamination as well as increasing water flux. These issues will be addressed by incorporating unique polymer crosslinking agents, additives, and adsorption enhancers during the interfacial polymerization process used to make the membranes. Microporous polysulfone is a standard composite membrane substrate/support in commercial use and will be incorporated as the support layer onto which the polyamide films are deposited. Fabricated model membranes (swatches) will be evaluated according to polymer composition and processing conditions. A planar membrane module will be used to evaluate swatches for their reverse osmosis performance. Membrane selectivity and flux is evaluated by comparing permeate flow and salt concentrations using a standardized feed stream at a fixed hydrostatic pressure. The mechanical integrity is evaluated by the rate of film delamination and failure under reverse-flow pressurization. Resistance to chlorine degradation will be evaluated on preferred membranes exhibiting the best selectivity, flux, and mechanical integrity. Superior membrane candidates will be evaluated for competitiveness compared to existing commercial membranes. Water purification, desalination, nanofiltration, ultra pure water treatment. |
| SEPARATION SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
4901 Morena Blvd., Suite 809 San Diego, CA 92117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 581-3765
Mr. Robert L. Riley ARMY 01-029 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of a New Chlorine and Biofouling Resistant Polyamide Membrane |
| Abstract: | Mobile reverse osmosis water purification units (ROWPU) have been used by the U.S. military with polyamide spiral-wound membrane elements for over a decade to produce potable water for field applications. Although advances have greatly enhanced performance, improvement of the stability of present membranes to oxidizing agents such as chlorine to reduce fouling, increase membrane life and reduce operating costs is required. Recently, a new polyamide membrane, based on the reaction of the cis,trans,cis,trans isomer of 1,2,3,4-cyclopentanetetracarboxylic acid chloride with m-phenylenediamine has demonstrated the ability to withstand high concentrations of chlorine in immersion tests without detrimental effects. The contact time was 30,000 mg/L-hr, (~6.8 years) of exposure at the 0.5 mg/L level. However, in field testing, the polyamide barrier showed a tendency to detach from the support membrane with plant shutdowns. The acid chloride, with its six sterioisomers, was synthesized and the ctct-isomer isolated at >99.5% purity to develop the membrane; the yield was only ~20%. To make the process commercially viable, the purification process will be improved to increase the yield to >90%. Membrane delamination and increased hydrophobicity of the surface of the membrane by a post-treatment step to reduce membrane fouling are also addressed in this proposed program. The total worldwide market for ROWPU-type RO spiral-wound elements, for both military and the private sector, is in excess of $200 million/year. Approximately 75% of this total is produced by U.S. companies. Since most membrane manufacturers are U.S. based companies, any product improvement will further strengthen their position in both domestic and overseas markets. The potential use of the proposed membrane improvements by the Federal Government should provide considerable cost savings in element replacement as well as provide increased efficiency in system operation due to minimized fouling and less frequent need for cleaning. Since ROWPU membrane elements are purchased in large quantities, detrimental effects of long term storage also will be minimized. U.S. membrane companies will benefit in the same manner as the Federal Government, although possibly to a greater extent since the largest part of their market is in the private sector. |
| FULFILL AMERICA, INC.
8748 E. Valley Bl., Suite L Rosemead, CA 91770 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(562) 225-0671
Mr. Ben H Wu ARMY 01-030 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Selectively Permeable Elastomeric Membranes for Protective Clothing |
| Abstract: | This proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of our invented selective permeable elastomeric membranes of 1-4 mil thick for (1) impermeable to chemical and biological agents and (2) breathable to moisture vapor and (3) durable to field usage under flexing, abrasion and POL contamination. The proposed work involves with sound molecular level modeling as well as state-of-art polymerization technique for making our invented novel materials. The invented ionomers could also be used in low cost, high power density fuel cell membarnes. Our invented ionomers have been positioned to the fuel cell membarne market as "the lowest cost and highest power density ionomer membranes". Our invented ionomers will also be positioned into waterproof breathable protective clothing market. The success of current SBIR solicitation could certainly expand our market effort to chemical and biological agent protection market. Nevertheless, our current market effort for fuel cell application and general protective breathable outerwear market of our invented ionomers is going forward without the bonus of the SBIR solicitation. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Dr. Bryan Koene ARMY 01-030 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Selectively Permeable Membranes for Breathable Chemical Resistant Clothing |
| Abstract: | Triton Systems responds to the Army need to produce new and unique selectively permeable membranes for breathable chemical and biological warfare (CBW) agent protection. Our technology is based upon a cylindrical microdomain block copolymer nanocomposite with interpenetrating channels These channels are comprised of a hydrophilic polymer, which allows the absorption of small polar molecules such as water, but block non-polar molecules. Besides this, fine control of the film processing conditions result in nanoscale channels, yielding shape selectivity. Triton's innovation involves the inclusion of chemically reactive nanoparticles within these channels providing a further benefit due to an active barrier besides the existing passive physical barrier. The combination of these effects will permit the permeation of water vapor, but prevent the passage of harmful CBW agents. The Phase I will demonstrate the proof of principle through the synthesis and evaluation of these block copolymer nanocomposites with respect to their water and chemical agent penetration. For Phase II we will optimize these properties, and scale up the synthesis to field test large-scale prototypes. This successful program will develop an enabling technology that will benefit many areas where chemical resistance in a protective clothing application is required such as firefighter or first response personnel. Other applications for selectively permeable membranes include fuel cells, catalysis, and gas separation devices. |
| XANTHON, INC.
104 Alexander Drive, Bldg #21, P.O. Box 12296 RTP, NC 27709 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 572-0707
Dr. Carole Golden ARMY 01-032 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Portable Electrochemical DNA Biosensor Unit |
| Abstract: | An electrochemical DNA biosensor is proposed to simultaneously detect and identify multiple nucleic acid determinants of a variety of pathogens using a combination of electronic hybridization, fluidics, and electrochemical detection. The biosensor would consist of a sample lysis and electronic hybridization/release chamber fluidically connected to an electrochemical flow cell for detection, and would incorporate Xanthon's patented platform technology of electrochemical detection of nucleic acids. With this method, specific target nucleic acid species captured by oligo capture probes are directly detected by the electrochemical oxidation of guanine, an endogenous component of the nucleic acid targets. This provides a method of rapid, highly sensitive, and specific DNA detection without the need for complicated sample purification procedures, exogenous labels, labile reagents, or expensive, heavy, power-hungry instrumentation. Upon successful demonstration of the feasibility of the basic components, plans for further miniaturization and integration of the components will proceed toward development of a rugged, easy-to-use handheld unit that will take further advantage of the power and simplicity of direct electrochemical detection, in addition to the economy of time, space, and reagents made possible by microfluidics and electronic hybridization. In addition to military applications, development of such devices would provide prompt detection of potential bio-terrorist attacks, and find wide application for the detection of pathogens in medical diagnostics, point-of-care clinical settings, food production, environmental monitoring, agriculture, and various industrial settings. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 622-5504
Mr. Thomas Campbell ARMY 01-033 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Airless Composite Tire System with Active Traction Control |
| Abstract: | The proposed approach will develop an innovative lightweight non-pneumatic tire that can be used in the aggressive environment anticipated by the Army for Objective Force. This tire system will combine durable, tough thermoplastic materials with modified tread concepts to offer a ballistically tolerant tire with active traction control. The Phase I program will begin the development of the tire system. Materials and processes will be selected appropriate for production. The design and analysis will be conducted for selected maneuvers and a scaled tire will be fabricated. The Option program will test that tire both statically and in fatigue, while monitoring temperatures and strains. The tests will be correlated to analysis and will form the basis of a Phase II program. The Phase II program will emphasize producibility and durability through extensive testing, both in the laboratory and in the field. (P-010767) The proposed system will develop a unique tire system that is nearly impervious to the typical road damage found by commercial vehicles. The development for a rigorous Army application will enable a rapid transition to the commercial market for the next generation of tire technology. |
| ROD MILLEN SPECIAL VEHICLES
7575 Reynolds Circle Huntington Beach, CA 92647 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 847-2111
Dr. Eric Anderfaas ARMY 01-033 Awarded: 10JAN02 |
| Title: | Airless Wheel for Future Tactical and Combat Vehicles |
| Abstract: | Breakthrough airless tire technology offers significant advantages to the mobility of vehicles currently dependent on the integrity of a pneumatic bladder to carry out their function. The application of non-traditional advanced composite filament and matrix materials such as carbon, Kevlar, and Spectra to an airless wheel design allows for a light weight, high-mobility performance wheel that would not be subject to the same mission-jeopardizing effects of debris or small arms fire as a traditional tire. In addition, derivative designs using these materials have the potential to be adaptable, providing an opportunity for enhanced mobility by mimicking the performance of a current central tire inflation system (CTIS). This proposal will show that Rod Millen Special Vehicles (RMSV), in conjunction with subject matter experts Sandia National Labs and Michelin, has the expertise, test equipment, and facilities to develop an airless wheel concept for current and future combat vehicles in a timely, cost effective manner. The potential market for an airless wheel meeting the necessary criteria would extend not only into existing and future DoD wheeled vehicles but also for more conventional commercial markets. Potential end uses of such a product would be any vehicle market environment where there is a significant chance of puncturing a pneumatic tire and any "costs" (i.e., downtime, high value of replacements, and logistical burden of transporting replacements) associated with changing the flat couldn't be tolerated. These would include Border Patrol, off-highway vehicles (construction, mining), sportsmen/hunters, all terrain recreational vehicles, and auto (on and off-road) racing. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
7519 Standish Place, Suite 200 Rockville, MD 20855 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 222-0444
Dr. Leonard Haynes ARMY 01-034 Awarded: 26DEC01 |
| Title: | PCA-based Network Intrusion Detection and Health Monitoring |
| Abstract: | The basic innovation herein proposed exploits Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimensionality of trace data, and to represent the data in a reduced dimensional feature space. From previous work, we believe that normal and abnormal battlespace network activities will form clusters in that space which we can identify. Furthermore, we expect that the trajectory of the computing activity through the feature space will allow comparison with normal trajectories to further identify anomalies. Our approach will enable a much larger variety of values which represent ongoing activities in an information system to be used for intrusion detection than have been used by other researchers. While it is relatively obvious that using more data to represent the ongoing activities of a computer is probably better than less data from the point of view of detecting intruders, using more data also causes problems in determining how to draw conclusions, especially for data which is often not numeric. Also, to be maximally effective in protecting information, intrusion and other anomaly detection should be near real-time, and using more data suggests that the resulting intrusion detection will become slower and require off-line processing. Our approach solves both these problems. Our approach to commercializing the results of this work will be to make the code available through an Open Source license. While this will give the code away, it will be an ideal way to obtain consulting contracts to help optimize the code for specific customers, and once there is a significant user base, we can then sell modules offering new capabilities which are compatible with the base system. |
| SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS CO., INC.
500 West Cummings Park, Suite 3000 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 933-5355
Dr. Joao B.D. Cabrera ARMY 01-034 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Real Time Intrusion Detection in High-Speed Data Streams |
| Abstract: | We propose to investigate a methodology for designing hybrid (network-based and host-based) Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) for operation at the OC-12 range and above. The scheme is centered on the application of Statistical Pattern Recognition methods for producing computationally cheap, yet effective detection rules to be programmed in dedicated co-processors. The effort addresses the challenges in the development of network-based IDSs posed by the unabated increase in network capacity, and the arise of multi-stage attacks involving host infiltration followed by network scanning and automated packet-flooding. Current schemes for coping with increasing link speed rely on packet subsampling and/or reduction of the signature set, resulting on substantial reduction in accuracy. In contrast, our method offers a flexible alternative with no reduction of detection rate, that can also be easily reprogrammed for new attacks. The inclusion of host-based features allows the detection of multi-stage attacks. The statistical nature of the approach is compatible with IPSEC, as packet encryption preserves the features used for rule construction. Aprisma Inc. (manufacturer of SPECTRUM) will provide consulting in network management and security. Design and evaluation of algorithms will utilize an extensive data set collected by MCNC on a Gigabit Ethernet. MCNC group will also provide consulting in advanced hardware. Prof. Wenke Lee from Georgia Tech will serve as a consultant in Computer Security and Data Mining. Protecting institutional networks from attacks accounts for about 25 billion US dollars each year. It is estimated that 95 percent of the DoD communications pass through the National Information Infrastructure (NII) at some point. The proposed technology has the potential to provide the NII with a robust, real time defense line against general classes of security violations against its backbone and high-speed links. |
| MISSION RESEARCH CORP.
Post Office Drawer 719, 735 State Street Santa Barbara, CA 93101 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 465-8939
Dr. Robert D. Eisler ARMY 01-036 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Automated Dummy for Crewstation Analysis |
| Abstract: | This project will develop a minimum set of manikins that represents the anthropometric diversity of Army personnel, can perform a limited series of dynamic activities emulating crew members in US Army vehicles, and can collect data that enables assessment of factors affecting crew member performance. In Phase I the following fundamental questions will be addressed: 1) for the range of crew stations to be analyzed, what are the suites of functional movements and operations to be considered? 2) what data needs to be collected and how should it be reduced? 3) to what degree can we mix and match manikin body parts without severely distorting anthropometry, body kinematics, and biasing crew station analysis? 5) in what 3D axis system will the geometry be specified? Once these questions have been answered, the Phase I effort will determine how to automate and instrument the manikin and what software architecture is required to support manikin functions. In the design of work and recreational spaces, accommodation and comfort are now tested using software models and human subjects. A standard set of manikins designed for this purpose could be used to develop standards for workspaces that would be comparable across different products and manufacturers. That is, cubicle furniture sets could be evaluated for accommodation and comfort based on their performance in standardized tests utilizing these manikins. |
| VISUAL SCIENCES, INC.
PO Box 90335 Raleigh, NC 27675 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 782-3030
Dr. Anand D. Kasbekar ARMY 01-037 Awarded: 17DEC01 |
| Title: | Modeling Integrated Helmets for Aviation |
| Abstract: | Computational speed and hardware costs are no longer significant barriers to running complex simulations. Recent advances in non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) make it feasible to study complex interactions between protective equipment and the human body. VSI has devoted several years to developing realistic computer models of human heads for studying the contact interface between the face and protective masks like the M40. This effort has proven to be successful and has resulted in the ability to evaluate fit both visually and quantitatively in terms of contact pressures, deflections, and stresses. Similar to protective masks, understanding the interface between helmets and the human head is necessary to ensure proper fit with regard to Comfort, Protection, Performance and Compatibility (CPPC). These fit related issues are critical to current and future helmet designs. VSI proposes to leverage its prior research experience in developing FEA models of headforms and protective masks to develop an innovative system for studying how various helmet features and design parameters effect CPPC in aviator and other integrated helmet systems. The proposed research will utilize existing 3-dimensional human databases such as CAESAR to develop a large individual headform population and a few boundary figure headforms for simulated helmet testing. Optimal fit and protection of commercial helmet systems are essential in order to promote use and to minimize injury. Manufacturers of bicycle, motorcycle, football, hockey, skiing, aviation and a multitude of other type of protective helmets devote extensive amounts of time and money attempting to improve fit and performance of their helmets. The majority of this development is done by trial and error. The proposed research will result in a powerful simulation tool that can be used to evaluate and optimize new and existing helmet designs without the need for costly prototyping and experimental testing. |
| ECHO TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
5250 Cherokee Avenue Alexandria, VA 22313 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 443-0066
Dr. Mary Beth Tabacco ARMY 01-038 Awarded: 14DEC01 |
| Title: | Dendrimer-assisted Signal Amplification for High Sensitivity DNA Detection |
| Abstract: | Direct detection of DNA for identification of BW agents and other pathogens would provide both detect-to-warn and detect-to-treat capability. Although many small transducers have been demonstrated in the laboratory for detection of DNA high sensitivity detection generally requires amplification of the target using a method such as PCR. A detector that combines molecular recognition with signal amplification would dramatically minimize or eliminate sample preparation, reduce analysis time, and lower cost and logistical burden. Equally important the risk of sample contamination is reduced by minimizing sample handling. ETI proposes a Phase I program to demonstrate optical signal amplification using gold nanoparticles combined with dendrimer materials. Gold nanoparticles have been demonstrated for selective, colorimetric detection of polynucleotides. Dendrimers have been used for templating and stabilization of small metal colloids. The proposed approach represents a potentially powerful integration of two technologies that show promise for DNA detection and signal amplification. The use of dendrimers as carrier/linker molecules maintains high oligonucleotide loading, yet mitigates the problems of stability and assay response time. Dendrimer-assisted nanoparticles will make the detection method more robust and commercially viable. In Phase II an integrated, multi-channel BW Detection System will be designed, fabricated and evaluated in the laboratory and field. Direct detection of DNA without the need for lengthy laboratory preparation would provide a sophisticated field tool for identifying pathogenic organisms of many types in air, water, food and soil. Military use includes rapid identification allowing protection and decontamination measures to be initiated in a more timely manner. There is also a stated need to assure the safety of source waters as required by the Joint Service Agent Water Monitor program. Specific civilian and commercial applications include the identification of enterotoxin producing bacteria in potable and recreational water supplies, respiratory pathogens such as Legionella in cooling towers, and food pathogens such as E. coli, Listeria, and Salmonella in juices and other beverages. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4125
Mr. Uday Kashalikar ARMY 01-039 Awarded: 17DEC01 |
| Title: | Affordable High Performance Composite Armor Encapsulation Technology |
| Abstract: | Foster-Miller will demonstrate an innovative method to improve ballistic performance of ceramic armor tiles via its encapsulation with a high strength metal matrix (MMC) composite material. On account of thermal expansion and moduli differential between the MMC encapsulant and the ceramic armor tile, coupled with our ability to tailor an overall composite armor architecture, a substantial predetermined residual stresses will be generated in the ceramic tile. These residual stresses are expected to improve ballistic performance and damage tolerance of the ceramic tile. Foster-Miller's innovative ceramic materials encapsulation material/fabrication concept is enabled by the proven attributes of our MMC technology: proprietary composite material, flexible and inexpensive one-step fabrication process, which allow fabrication of the large flat and nonplanar armor components to near net shape. Foster-Miller ceramic armor encapsulation concept enables a flexible, affordable, and scalable fabrication of high performance composite armor materials for both military and commercial platforms. Our Phase I team includes a major military ground platforms developer, high performance ceramics materials suppliers, and large and complex ceramic and composite components manufacturing partners to facilitate the proposed material concept and fabrication process a scale-up and industrial implementation. (P-010791) In addition to a wide range of military ballistic and structural applications, these material and fabrication technology are applicable to numerous commercial and industrial applications where simple and affordable local reinforcement of various structural and application-specific components will lead to their cost effective performance improvements. |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC.
725 Concord Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Mr. Magn£s Snorrason ARMY 01-040 Awarded: 02JAN02 |
| Title: | Autonomous Intelligent Document Analyzer (AIDA) |
| Abstract: | Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is a major component of the document management workflow in both Army and civilian scenarios. It is also one of its weakest links, having no turnkey or standardized solution. The performance of OCR software is further stressed by the need to automatically parse volumes of "legacy" documents captured with old technology or being multi-generation copies of the originals. Even modern document imaging systems still produce various artifacts, such as curved baselines, uneven illumination, low contrast, etc. We propose to design and prototype an Autonomous Intelligent Document Analysis system (AIDA). The system operates on document images (bitmaps) and is capable of different levels of autonomy depending on the usage scenario (field vs. headquarters). The system will consist of a set of document image quality metrics, each detecting a specific defect (artifact) type, and a suite of image enhancement algorithms. Application of the algorithms will be controlled by the AIDA agent which will fuse information provided by the quality metrics and context information (if available). AIDA will then execute the optimal correction steps and select the best OCR engine and its parameter settings to process the page. Techniques derived from this effort will have immediate applicability to increase OCR accuracy and readability of document images in the domain of financial services, medical records, litigation support, and record archiving for corporations, universities, and government. Envisioned product packaging include stand-alone software (possibly bundled in with scanners, etc.) and software plug-ins for existing OCR systems. |
| HIGHLAND TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1835 Alexander Bell Drive, Suite 400 Reston, VA 20191 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 306-8200
Mr. Mark Turner ARMY 01-040 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Document Image Enhancement |
| Abstract: | We will develop a framework for associating measurements of document image characteristics with image transformation techniques and evaluating the utility of both using a supervised machine learning component of the framework. From a training set of images described in terms of their characteristic values, each with its best transformation method, this component will learn a function that maps combinations of feature values to single best image transformation methods. This research extends the ideas in work by McNamara, Casey, Smith, and Bradburn (1996) and by Cannon, Hochberg, and Kelly (1999). In Phase I, we will develop an application that includes components for: calculating image feature values or quality measures, applying image transformation methods, training the system to associate profiles of image characteristics with image transformation methods, selecting image transformation methods on the basis of this training, evaluating OCR results against available ground truth, and evaluating human readability. Because this phase is centered on development of a complete framework, the initial set of characteristics will have a single measure, and likewise the initial set of transformation techniques will include one method (other than keeping the original image). In the Phase I Option, we will add an additional image characteristic and transformation technique. Anticipated benefits of this research and development will be realized in commercial, non-profit, and public sector markets where there is a requirement for evaluation, capture, and/or retrieval of document contents by any combination of automatic (OCR and full-text indexing) and manual (review, manual indexing, redaction, and retrieval) methods. Applications include high-volume processing of business documents - invoices, proof-of-delivery documents, time sheets etc. - found in virtually every commercial, non-profit, and government organization; archiving and retrieval of historical material; processing of large collections for FOIA and Executive Order declassification; and evaluation of documents acquired during intelligence gathering. In each case, enhanced document images leads directly to increased productivity and accuracy of business processes and higher competitive value to end users who are evaluating, retrieving, and using document images and the content extracted from them. |
| KITWARE
469 Clifton Corporate Parkway Clifton Park, NY 12065 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 371-3971
Dr. C. Charles Law ARMY 01-042 Awarded: 13DEC01 |
| Title: | Web-based Techniques for Remote Scientific Visualization |
| Abstract: | The objective of this Phase I proposal is to design and prototype a web-based visualization system to aid in the analysis of High Performance Computing (HPC) simulations. HPC simulations are widely used in the design of new materials and weapons systems. However, the amount of data they generate is large, limiting the analysis of the HPC results to a few high-powered computers. In this proposal we introduce the notion of a visualization server, much like a traditional web server, that would support the analysis and exploration of HPC simulations from a wide range of clients. The visualization server and clients would be built upon the Visualization ToolKit (VTK), a widely used, comprehensive, portable, open-source visualization library. The system uses secure methods of data transmission requiring only basic functionality from a standard Web browser. Because the system takes advantage of VTK's parallel streaming pipeline, large amounts of data (a petabyte has been documented) can be processed and rendered in parallel. The system will be developed by Kitware, Inc., a small business providing commercial support for VTK, and whose employees are the original creators and maintainers of VTK. The proposed project will significantly improve the use and accessibility of HPC clusters in many military and commercial fields. HPC is already used for ballistics, ablation, impact analysis, weather prediction, new weapon systems, communications coverage, tracking systems, logistics, nuclear testing, environmental analysis, and computational fluid dynamics. The web-based client application will provide an easy to use interface to a powerful visualization server. This allows analysts with the proper authentication to quickly and easily access HPC results from their desktop or palmtop computer. The visualization server will make using HPC resources less labor intensive and more powerful by providing a flexible scalable tool that can process data sets of virtually any size on any cluster architecture. The proposed tools will be invaluable post-processing and run-time resources for analyzing and debugging large simulations. Specific benefits will include faster analysis cycles with less wasted runs, and easier generation of animations for communicating simulation results. |
| APTIMA, INC.
12 Gill Street, Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 496-2412
Dr. Jean MacMillan ARMY 01-043 Awarded: 12DEC01 |
| Title: | Tool for VISualization of Threats and Attacks (VISTA) in Urban Environments |
| Abstract: | Traditionally, the military intelligence analyst has been able to focus on a known enemy within situations that are relatively comprehensible. Uniforms, military equipment, and communication patterns, to name a few, could identify the enemy. However, increasingly the United States Army faces a new battlefield and a non-traditional enemy. The need exists for a tool that intelligence analysts can use to examine the sudden, non-linear, emergent events that characterize operations in urban settings. In this project, we will create a VISualization of Threats and Attacks (VISTA) tool. We will begin by identifying a constellation of variables that seem to describe critical aspects of urban operations. This work will explore how these variables interact and how they change over time. We will then develop predictive equations and models that are based on these variables and that capture the occurrence of non-linear events, drawing on innovative modeling techniques from the emerging field of complex systems. By combining operational knowledge and research with predictive equations and models, VISTA will be capable of giving the analyst the vision required to produce enhanced intelligence estimates and predictions. The outcome of this program of development will be a tool that assists military intelligence analysts in detecting emerging patterns in urban operations. This tool will greatly aid analysts in predicting areas of disruption, for currently there is no system capable of handling the complex analysis of urban strife. Beyond military intelligence, this tool will have application across a broad spectrum of uses including law enforcement, network security, and virus propagation. |
| SOPHIA INTERCONNECT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
14225-C Sullyfield Circle Chantilly, VA 20151 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 961-9573
Dr. Philip Koh ARMY 01-044 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Compact solid state high-power amplifier with full waveguide bandwidth |
| Abstract: | An innovative compact amplifier design has been developed based on power combining of MMIC amplifiers. This amplifier will provide 10-20W power output with the reliability and compactness inherent in solid-state-based devices. Higher output power amplifiers are needed to extend the range and increase link margin of point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, and satellite communications links in Ka-Band. Solid state amplifiers are uniquely suited to meeting the challenging reliability and cost requirements of these applications. |
| CERADYNE, INC.
3169 Redhill Avenue Costa Mesa, CA 92626 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 549-0421
Mr. Munjal Chheda ARMY 01-045 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Hardened and Toughened Silicon Carbide Composite |
| Abstract: | A program is proposed to develop a low-cost silicon carbide-based multiphase composite with high hardness and high fracture toughness using a powder-based processing. High hardness is achieved through composition design and high fracture toughness is accomplished by microstructure tailoring. The reinforcing phases will be identified and selected, based on hardness, thermal expansion coefficient, compatibility with silicon carbide, melting point, density and stiffness. Silicon carbide polytypes and sintering aid families will be studied to achieve high hardness and high fracture toughness. Taguchi partial factorial approach will be employed to examine the composition and processing parameters. Standard ceramic processing will be used to fabricate 100 mm X 100 mm X 7 mm tiles for charactrization, and a quick screening test will be developed for the fracture toughness and hardness measurements. A preliminary database will be established for use in designing a Phase II program to scale up and optimize the materials and manufacturing processes for the hardened and toughened silicon carbide composite. The program is based on Ceradyne's extensive experience in material development. With the strong background in ceramic manufacturing and marketing, Ceradyne will commercialize the hardened/toughened silicon carbide composite for advanced armor, industrial wear and electronic applications. Silicon carbide has been considered as the most appropriate ceramic component for vehicle armor for military, law enforcement and protective service industry. The hardened and toughened silicon carbide composite could benefit both public and private armored vehicles used for humanitarian demining and unexploded ordnance cleanup. The resulting silicon carbide composite can be used in high temperature and/or corrosive industrial processing applications as a wear-resistant material. |
| CERAMATEC, INC.
2425 South 900 West Salt Lake City, UT 84119 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 978-2126
Dr. Raymond A. Cutler ARMY 01-045 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Enhanced Toughness SiC with High Hardness for Advanced Armor |
| Abstract: | Recent efforts at engineering the microstructures of SiC have resulted in fracture toughness values that are 2-3 times that of conventionally sintered SiC. However, these methods of toughening have resulted in decreased hardness, a property that is critical for armor applications. The proposed research attempts to toughen SiC without sacrificing hardness. The Phase I effort is based on toughening using two secondary phases. The first is a sintering aid that results in elongated SiC grains, which toughen by crack bridging and crack branching. The second, added at a much higher volume fraction, allows microcrack toughening to enhance the toughness of the composite material without sacrificing hardness. A Taguchi designed experiment is proposed to look at interactions between the secondary phases, as well as other key variables. A 25 mm x 200 mm x 200 mm SiC composite tile having the target toughness and hardness will be delivered at the end of the Phase I research. Lightweight SiC with enhanced toughness will allow improved protection for the Army, as well as law-enforcement agencies and private armored vehicles. This same material is expected to perform well in non-corrosive environments, such as nozzles for oil well drilling and water-jet cutting. |
| KTECH CORP.
2201 Buena Vista SE, Suite 400 Albuquerque, NM 87106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 998-5830
Mr. Rick Blose ARMY 01-046 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Wear Resistant Coating for Tank Gun Barrel Applications |
| Abstract: | Development of a low cost technology for applying wear and corrosion resistant coatings onto the internal surface of tank gun barrels is of great importance for high performance and extending the operational lifetime of modern artillery. Currently, a chrome plating method is used. However, this technology has several serious limitations including environmental hazards associated with the handling and disposal of the chemicals required for the chrome plating process. This proposal presents a new technology that is still under development that appears promising for applying wear and corrosion resistant coatings inside gun barrels. This technology has significant advantages when compared to with the current plating process and conventional thermal spray methods. A brief summary of the problems associated with chrome plating technology is presented; a new concept of spraying high quality coatings based on using the Cold Spray process is described. There is a great demand in industry for a cost effective technology to apply dense coatings inside tubes, pipes, and cylinders to enhance the wear resistance of components in contact with each other, and corrosion resistance to protect the pipe material from attack by the material flowing through it. Industries that would benefit from this technology include the military, chemical refineries, oil and gas, piping and tubing, automotive, and aerospace. Additionally, a market to sell Cold Spray equipment to coat the inside of cylindrical geometries would emerge to compete with other coating technologies stimulating the economy. |
| EIC LABORATORIES, INC.
111 Downey Street Norwood, MA 02062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 769-9450
Dr. Steven H. Pullins ARMY 01-047 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Theoretical Prediction, Synthesis and Characterization of RSA Materials |
| Abstract: | We propose to synthesize and characterize by time resolved spectroscopy RSA compounds that have been structurally modified to maximize the ratio of excited state to ground state absorption cross sections over a broad visible range. The structural modifications will be made based on ab initio and semiempirical quantum mechanical predictions of excited state energetics and absorption intensities. The theoretical models will be developed by the Mark Ratner group at Northwestern, based on our prior collaborations resulting in accurate prediction of triplet-triplet absorption energies in over 100 organic chromophores, in effect allowing a priori predictions of wavelength-dependent optical limiting curves in hypothetical molecules. Phase I will entail synthesis of several derivatives of a promising RSA porphyrin, the experimental mapping of their energy levels and triplet state absorption spectra, and the use of the results to verify theoretical prediction of the substituent effects on these properties. Phase Ia and II will entail further refinements to the theory and its application to prediction of intersystem crossing rates to provide a package generally useful to Army researchers. This will permit us to design an optimized RSA compound which will be synthesized, characterized and implemented into solid state filter designs with acceptable optical damage thresholds. The general materials approach will enable rapid development of new optical limiting materials for the full range of threat wavelengths. The materials have government markets for sensor and eye protection and commercial markets as laser safety eyewear and as protection for cameras and optical instruments. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Mitchell R. Zakin ARMY 01-047 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Nonlinear Transmission of Laser Radiation for Eye and Sensor Protection |
| Abstract: | Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop improved solid-state optical-limiting devices incorporating reverse saturable absorber (RSA) materials. Optical limiting (OL) occurs when the optical transmission of a material decreases with increasing laser fluence. OL materials can thus strongly attenuate intense optical beams while keeping high transmittance at low-intensity ambient light levels (providing "passive" protection). OL materials are desirable for protecting optical sensors or human eyes from the high fluence output of pulsed lasers. In this proposal, we detail the synthetic methods that will be used to produce improved composite optical limiting materials and devices incorporating RSA molecules, and describe the methods that will be used to characterize the optical limiting performance of these devices. The proposed optical limiting devices will provide protection from eye and sensor damage from pulsed lasers in military applications. These devices will also have application in the medical, manufacturing, laser research, and entertainment industries where pulsed lasers present an eye-safety hazard. |
| SAN DIEGO RESEARCH CENTER, INC.
12162 SE 14th Street Bellevue, WA 98005 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 442-9057
Harry B. Lee ARMY 01-048 Awarded: 19DEC01 |
| Title: | Burst Mode, High Data Rate Communication Links with Narrow Beam Directional Antennas |
| Abstract: | The availability of wide bandwidth, and narrow-beam electronically steered arrays (ESAs) at Ka Band creates an extraordinary opportunity for military communications systems. Specifically orders of magnitude improvements appear to be achievable in terms of data rates, Low Probability of Detection (LPD), and Anti-Jam (AJ) performance. Additionally, the enabling technology can support advanced radar functions. For example, the envisioned Future Combat System (FCS) requires such advanced capabilities. The work proposed herein will deliver a highly innovative, practical modulation/demodulation (modem) architecture capable of ú Supporting high-rate, LPD/AJ communications, and also ú Radar functionality. The work will demonstrate that the critical net join problem can be solved through the use of creative hand shaking protocols, and specific innovative high-processing gain (PG) waveforms. The work also will identify a preferred modem architecture which incorporates spectrally-efficient, higher-order modulations, channel mitigation, LPD and AJ waveforms, and also supports radar functionality. The modem architecture will be selected to facilitate migration into a real KA Band demonstration radio. The Phase 1 work will demonstrate the practicality of a military Ka Band modem with the following advanced capabilities: 1) Robust, fast net join, re-join protocols for use with narrow-beam antennas 2) Supporting High PG net join waveforms 3) High data-rate communication waveform 4) Advanced Featureless LPD waveform 5) AJ waveform 6) Channel Mitigation 7) Waveforms supportive of high-resolution radar ranging. To date, none of these features have been demonstrated in an operating Ka Band radio. |
| ADAPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1700 Kraft Drive, Suite 2350 Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 951-1284
Dr. Michael A. Vaudrey ARMY 01-049 Awarded: 21DEC01 |
| Title: | A Real-Time Audio Telepresence Device for Remote Acoustic Monitoring |
| Abstract: | The design, development and testing of a real-time audio telepresence device for remote acoustic monitoring is proposed. The primary goal of the Phase I effort is to deliver a fully functional wired binaural prototype microphone capable of delivering the most realistic hearing capabilities to a remotely located soldier. The technical objectives and work tasks focus on building and testing the proof-of-concept prototype by dividing the project into three design elements including: i) creating highly accurate remote audio signals for wired delivery via a machine-to-soldier digital audio interface ii) head position measurement and remote system control for real-time sound source localization via a soldier-to-machine data interface, and iii) investigation of advanced hearing capabilities and refined system accuracy. The multi-disciplinary approach required by the proposed design is facilitated by a strong technical team and the use of commercially available, high-tech hardware designed to accomplish specific design goals. Custom designed software, in conjunction with COTS hardware, will allow for seamless OEM relationships planned for the development of the Phase II manufacturable prototype. The team assembled for Phase I, and anticipated for Phase II, includes experts in human perception of audio, mechatronics, digital audio design, controls, digital signal processing systems, head-tracking, and wireless technology. The proposed Phase I program will provide the Army with a fully functional wired binaural microphone for remote acoustic monitoring. The advanced design resulting from the Phase I development ensures a successful Phase II manufacturable system. The resulting product will offer new opportunities for hearing research, remote, real-time listening of live audio entertainment, remote audio intelligence, surveillance, and rescue, as well as applications in Future Combat Systems employing autonomously deployed vehicles. |
| METROLASER, INC.
18010 Skypark Circle, Suite 100 Irvine, CA 92614 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 553-0688
Dr. Bauke Heeg ARMY 01-050 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Fiber-Optic Evanescent Wave Absorption Organophosphorus Biosensor |
| Abstract: | Organophosphorous compounds (OPC's) have strongly adverse effects on human health and ecosystems, and reliable monitoring of these compounds is of utmost importance. MetroLaser proposes to develop a fiber-optic evanescent wave mid-IR absorption biosensor for the detection of OPC's with Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) as the sensing material. The proposed sensor is expected to have superior sensitivity, selectivity, and responsivity. To this end, a porous matrix of ordered multi-layers of AChE-coated nano-particles (Quantum Dots, QD's) provide the sensing region. The controlled formation of a thick porous sensing region containing high surface-to-volume ratio QD's ensures minimal sensor-to-sensor variation, maximum responsivity, as well as enhanced mid-IR absorption, and therefore, a substantial increase in sensitivity. It is estimated that the detection limit of the sensor can be made to be in the pM range. Mid-IR "fingerprint" spectroscopic techniques enable specific molecular recognition of OPC's because of spectral features unique to the AChE-OPC complex, and therefore, provide the desired specificity that will reduce the false alarm rate. Development of a compact, portable, ultra-sensitive biosensor can be accomplished using novel quantum cascade lasers to provide a reliable field-deployable instrument with rapid response. The evanescent wave fiber-optic biosensor will have an extremely broad range of applications. The proposed method will produce a mid-IR fiber-optic biosensor that can easily be adapted to include different enzymes and proteins with different specificity. The high surface-to-volume sensing region combined with the far-probing evanescent waves ensures ultra-high sensitivity that may surpass many other sensor performances. Further, the sensor can be made very compact, and therefore portable, with relatively cheap components. There is a broad range of potential applications, including simultaneous trace gas detection of a wide variety of atmospheric pollutants, hazardous gaseous species, explosive decomposition products, and biological agents. |
| INFORMATION EXTRACTION & TRANSPORT, INC.
1911 N. Ft. Myer Drive, Suite 600 Arlington, VA 22209 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(541) 728-7434
Dr. Francis Fung ARMY 01-051 Awarded: 20DEC01 |
| Title: | Enhancement of Biometrics with Advanced Pattern Recognition Techniques for Information Systems Applications |
| Abstract: | The Army is currently working to create effective biometric systems for positive identification of users under tactical conditions including poor capture conditions, quick response time requirements, narrow bandwidth. For instance, a soldier will need to use his weapon reliably even if the fingerprint image he supplies is rotated, smeared, occluded, or damaged. Many advances in pattern recognition have been made in other areas (computer vision, automatic target recognition) that can be applied to biometric measurement recognition. One such advance, the theory of quasi-invariants, studies features that are "slowly varying" with respect to change of viewpoint. We will apply this theory by considering a captured biometric signature and a reference signature as two views of the same object, and matching quasi-invariants computed on them. Quasi-invariants have predictable probabilistic behavior, which allows us to apply Bayesian inference to utilize available evidence effectively, and to make robust and accurate matching decisions with tunable thresholds. The technology that we will develop under this SBIR has clear commercial potential for wide deployment because it will allow the deployment of biometric sensors in a wider class of environments where such technologies were previously unable to function due to excessively harsh capture conditions. IBG is a world leader in evaluation and integration of biometric technology solutions. We plan to leverage their expertise and market position to identify commercial biometric capture products and matching algorithms into which we can integrate our new technology effectively. Identification of the Military Market The U.S. Army's Future Combat System will rely heavily on direct and indirect fire robotic systems. Such weapons could be captured and used against U.S. forces unless they are adequately safeguarded with biometric authentication systems. This situation applies equally to unmanned air and naval systems that will be entering the U.S. force structure over the next decade. Non-lethal weaponry employed in peacekeeping and nation-building missions should also be safe guarded from unauthorized use via biometrics. In short, it is difficult to envision tactical weapons, vehicles, or information systems that would not significantly enhance mission effectiveness and force protection if they were safeguarded by robust, accurate, and real-time biometric authentication technology. Identification of the Commercial Market Handgun control and automobile security are two commercial market areas that clearly can benefit from robust biometric matching advances developed for DoD. More generally these system developments can be applied to any biometric application where rapid, robust signature capture and robust unauthorized user rejection are required. Target industries include financial services, telecommunications, Internet development and law enforcement. IBG is the world's leading organization for identification of emergent COTs biometric capabilities. They will lead the investigation of commercialization opportunities by accessing their broad network of COTS vendors and clients on behalf of this SBIR opportunity. |
| ULTRA-SCAN CORP.
4240 Ridge Lea Rd Amherst, NY 14226 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(716) 832-6269
Dr. John K. Schneider ARMY 01-051 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Investigation into a Military Grade, Field Deployable Biometric Identification System |
| Abstract: | This proposal focuses on the analysis, requirements definition, and methodology for quantitative measurements and testing of a tactical grade, field deployable biometric sensor and identification system. A thorough compilation of the various factors that affect overall performance of a field deployable biometric system will be conducted. This will include effects of environmental factors, situational factors, technology factors and user considerations pertaining to the biometric sensor. In addition, several system architectures will be developed that are applicable to the deployment of biometric devices in a variety of different field situations and address issues such as methods of storage, encryption and distribution of templates. The results will serve as a requirements specification for the design and development of the next generation of biometric devices that will have both tunable performance accuracies and confidence factors, with False Acceptance and False Rejection error rates of less than one in a million. Finally, a brief investigation of a multi-biometric solution, based on using ultrasonic imaging, will be performed. This investigation will attempt to collect preliminary data supporting the ability to develop a superior biometric sensor, that meets the established performance requirements of a tactical grade, field deployable system, utilizing ultrasonic imaging techniques. The successful outcomes from the work proposed will result in a requirements document that can be used as a design guide by many researchers and product developers of biometric systems in their effort to create the next generation of biometric devices that have an order of magnitude increase in accuracy over existing solutions available today. The development of a superior performing biometric for information systems would quickly be adopted for all types of biometric identification applications. The applications are virtually endless and include time and attendance, access control, patient identification, prisoner tracking systems, and many more. The biometric market is forecasted by market analyst experts such as Frost and Sullivan to be a multi-billion dollar market over the next several years. Much work is needed however by the scientific community to advance the performance and reliability of these systems prior to this market reaching its full potential. A case in point, the FBI has been working for many years on an initiative referred to as NCIC 2000, which requires a fingerprint scanner placed in every police car for the purposes of field identification. This program has suffered significant delays because no fingerprint vendor has been able to provide a scanner that can perform adequately in the field environment experienced by the police officer, and at the price points needed for this industry. The work done as part of this proposal could be applied to similar analysis for the NCIC 2000 program. |
| ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS, INC.
2020 Alameda Padre Serra, Suite 123 Santa Barbara, CA 93103 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 966-3331
Dr. Roger Stettner ARMY 01-052 Awarded: 18DEC01 |
| Title: | Opto-Silicon-Integrated System for High-Resolution Real-Time Image Quality Analysis |
| Abstract: | There is a continuing need for high frame rate cameras with a large number of pixels in the image. These are desirable for targeting on high-speed aircraft, autonomous systems, smart missiles and a variety of high-speed vehicle applications and testing applications. The proposed High Speed Vision System (HSVS) is a breakthrough FPA-based technology for these applications; it combines very-high-speed data output from the focal plane and very powerful image processing, outputting only the objects and numbers of interest. HSVS has very high commercial potential in the machine-vision field. High-speed machine vision, orders-of-magnitude faster than current systems, at low cost, and with minimum volume and weight penalties, is clearly a quantum leap forward. HSVS will make a whole new generation of high-speed manufacturing machines possible. |
| SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS & RESEARCH ASSOC
15261 Connector Lane Huntington Beach, CA 92649 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 903-1000
Mr. Jay Cleckler ARMY 01-053 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Self-Aligning Windscreen for UGV Flow Noise Reduction |
| Abstract: | Flow noise currently limits the applicability of acoustic detection/tracking arrays on mobile platforms. Reduction of this noise is necessary for the acoustical detection of targets at tactically significant ranges, in conditions of high winds and/or high vehicle velocities. The most direct and effective way to reduce the effects of flow noise is to keep it from being generated in and around the microphone detection elements. SARA Inc. proposes a novel flow self-alignment microphone windscreen to minimize the effects of aeroacoustic noise on array elements. This concept is based on SARA's proprietary windscreen designs, which have provided in excess of 15dB of noise reduction for analogous applications. SARA offers its aeroacoustic design expertise to minimize vehicle flow noise by small modifications to the vehicles aerodynamics. For second order flow noise reduction SARA offers one of two powerful signal-processing techniques capable of improving detection confidence in noisy conditions. Reduction of flow noise would greatly extend the range for acoustic detection benefiting the following applications: Un-manned ground vehicles (UGV), Un-manned air vehicles (UAV), manned ground and air vehicles, and unattended ground sensors. Advanced windscreens may also benefit professional film production and the monitoring of environmental noise. |
| INNOVATEK, INC.
350 Hills Street, Suite 104 Richland, WA 99352 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(509) 375-1093
Dr. Qimin (Quentin) Ming ARMY 01-054 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advanced Catalyst For Microchannel Fuel Reformer |
| Abstract: | InnovaTek proposes to further develop a robust sulfur-tolerant steam reforming catalyst based on a proprietary formulation. As a component of an advanced fuel processor, this catalyst will be capable of reforming various hydrocarbons, including readily available fuels such as gasoline, diesel, and natural gas. The research will also include determination of the optimal operating conditions such as temperature, space velocity, steam/C ratio, pressure, etc. where the catalyst has high activity and selectivity and also maintains stable and durable performance. At such conditions, carbon formation (coking) on the catalyst and catalyst support shall be minimized. The effect of various parameters on the performance of the catalyst will also be investigated. These include catalyst composition, total loading amount, the effect of different promoters and additives, and preparation method. Performance of the catalyst will be tested in a microchannel reactor that is designed to produce enough hydrogen to power a 100-watt fuel cell. Fuel cells are clean power generators with high-energy efficiency, and are projected to be a significant portion of total energy produced in the next three decades. Due to their high power density, quick dynamic response to power demand, and low operating temperature, polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells are envisioned to be useful in a wide range of power applications, such as vehicular (50-200 kW), residential (5-10 kW), portable (10-1000 W), and stationary (MW). The projected commercialization of PEM fuel cells requires the availability of economical pure hydrogen. Reforming of various hydrocarbons, such as methanol, natural gas, gasoline, and diesel for the production of hydrogen, is being considered for both stationary and mobile applications because it offers higher hydrogen density (for example, 12.7% for gasoline) than metal hydride (1.7%), carbon nano-tube (5.8%) and other technologies of hydrogen carriers. Due to the existing distribution and supply infrastructure, gasoline and diesel are attractive choices as primary fuels to generate hydrogen for use by fuel cells. Gasoline has sulfur concentrations in the range of 50 to 300 ppm, and the concentration of sulfur in diesel is higher than that of gasoline. For small and portable power applications it is unlikely that adding a desulfurization unit to the reformer is practical because of size and weight constraints. Therefore, catalysts with improved sulfur and coke resistance for steam reforming of readily available hydrocarbons, such as gasoline and diesel would be highly desirable. Such catalysts must also have high activity, selectivity, and durability. |
| PRECISION COMBUSTION, INC.
410 Sackett Point Road North Haven, CT 06473 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 287-3700
Dr. Maxim Lyubovsky ARMY 01-054 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Methanol Micro Reformer |
| Abstract: | Precision Combustion, Inc. (PCI) proposes to develop a compact methanol reformer based on this Microlith, catalytic reactor technology, capable of delivering 20 V 400 cc/sec of high purity hydrogen for use in Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells operating at 15 V 300 W range. The size of the catalytic reactor required to supply a 300 W PEM fuel cell, is expected to be extremely small. The proposed reformer will have near silent operation, low capital and maintenance costs, will be rugged and durable with near instantaneous startup and transient response. Development of a compact Microlithr-based methanol reformer system capable of high rates of hydrogen production would be a significant benefit for fuel cells or other hydrogen based energy conversion systems. The size of the catalytic reactor required to supply a 300 W PEM fuel cell, would be approximately that of a standard AA battery. The technology is also readily scalable to larger sizes, with the same low volume benefit as compared to other hydrogen generation systems. Because the CO production is expected to be less than 1% a water gas shift reactor may be eliminated along with the cost and associated weight. Coupling the methanol reformer with either a downstream preferential CO oxidation reactor (PROX) or a membrane separator for isolating hydrogen are possible approaches to obtaining high purity hydrogen. These characteristics are beneficial to the needs of a small, light, 15-300 W power supply for use in powering cellular phones, laptop computers, camcorders, and other small devices for individual soldier power for extended missions as well as for civilian use. |
| T/J TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3850 Research Park Drive, P.O. Box 2150 Ann Arbor, MI 48106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 213-1637
Dr. Hanwei Lei ARMY 01-054 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Microchannel based fuel processor |
| Abstract: | This project addresses the critical need for portable hydrogen generators for small proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. Phase I will demonstrate the feasibility of using microchannel based fuel processors. Microchannel reactor designs offer attractive advantages of miniaturization, integration, and heat management. The phase I feasibility demonstration will focus on developing a microchannel reactor and improved catalyst for the water gas shift (WGS) reaction. The WGS reactor is a critical component, constituting the largest portion of the volume, mass, and cost of the fuel processor system. T/J Technologies will collaborate with the University of Michigan (UM), combining the Company's expertise in supported catalysts and portable power supply development with leading edge UM technology in fuel processor and microchannel reactor systems. Methods will be devised to produce catalysts and integrate them into microchannel reactors. It is anticipated that microchannel reactors with improved WGS catalysts will lead to improved hydrogen generation performance with reduced volume, mass and cost compared to conventional fuel processors. In phase II, the microchannel reactor concept will be extended to the additional fuel processor stages including the steam reformer and preferential oxidizer. A laboratory prototype of an integrated microchannel fuel processor will be constructed and demonstrated. Improved compact fuel processors will facilitate the production of portable 15 - 300 W power sources to support individual soldiers on extended missions. Private sector applications include use in auxiliary power units for hybrid vehicles, tractor-trailers, boats, RV's, etc. It is likely that the technology will also scale to smaller 1 - 10 W power units which have immense market potential for portable electronic devices such as cell phones and palm/laptop computers. |
| ENSOLVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC.
3209 Gresham Lake Road, Suite 147 Raleigh, NC 27615 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 954-6196
Dr. Jason Caplan ARMY 01-055 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Biofilm Remediation for Restoration of Contaminated Army Sites |
| Abstract: | A number of U.S. Army sites are contaminated with recalcitrant chemicals such as trichloroethylene (TCE), perchloroethylene (PCE), vinyl chloride, and various explosives (i.e., TNT). Bioremediation is the use of microorganisms to eliminate or reduce the concentrations of hazardous materials from air, water, or soil. Over the past 20 years, this technique has been utilized in the successful cleanup of thousands of contaminated sites with more labile chemicals such as petroleum hydrocarbons, non-chlorinated solvents, and soluble organic wastes. However, very little research has been conducted on the contributions of individual species in the complex and unique roles involved in the degradation of the above-referenced recalcitrant compounds. EnSolve has developed a patented fixed-film bioreactor that is successful in reducing high concentrations of labile organic chemicals such as those mentioned earlier. It has not yet been employed in the degradation of recalcitrant molecules. EnSolve proposes to develop a TCE-degrading biofilm using a unique co-substrate "pulsing" technique. Attempts will be made to develop biofilms composed of bacteria only, fungus only, and mixed cultures (i.e., both bacteria and fungus). TCE degradation rates and electron microscopic techniques will be utilized to follow the growth and development of each biofilm type. A fixed-film system that could degrade recalcitrant molecules would have tremendous benefits to the DOD, DOE, and private industry. In addition to being more environmentally friendly, the successful biotreatment system would save customers money by minimizing excavation, digging and hauling of hazardous wastes to landfills or incinerators. Such a system could be employed on over 3,000 DOD and DOE sites within the next 10 years thereby generating high paying employment opportunities for over 400 people. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4181
Dr. Vladimir Guilmanov ARMY 01-055 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Biofilm Remediation for Restoration of Contaminated Army Sites |
| Abstract: | Free-phase pollutants are persistent environmental contaminants. Present in situ remediation involving biological/chemical oxidation of trichloroehylene (TCE), perchloroethylene (PCE) and explosives [2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)] is limited to diluted plumes. Physical and mechanical removal of free-phase pollutants results in the generation of air pollutants and contaminant spreading. An enhanced process of in situ free-phase pollutant removal by indigenous micro-organisms that are pre-adapted for metabolizing the pollutants on the pollutant free-phase surface is proposed. The micro-organisms will have a high affinity to the pollutant free-phase because of their increased hydrophobicity. This will drive the degrading micro-organisms towards the sites where the free-phase pollutants are localized, fix them to the sites, thereby assuring the long-term stability of the formed biofilms. The contaminants will be continuously degraded by the biofilm. When formed, the biofilm will also prevent further mobilization of pollutants in the environment. An advanced continuous selection process will achieve the desired hydrophobicity of the microbial surface. Selective pressures for this system are the availability of pollutants, as the phase separated carbon source, and an antibiotic, causing desired changes in cell hydrophobicity. The pre-adapted microorganisms will be returned to their native environments and form/participate in the pollutant-degrading biofilms. Additional nutrients will be required. (P-010749) In situ biological remediation is preferred to ex situ treatment because of lower energy and capital investment costs, it is more efficient due to immediate localization of the polluted area, and the aquifers can be completely restored. This development, if successful, will provide a unique opportunity for removing the source of extensive environmental contamination, namely pools of chlorinated solvents and solid residues of explosives. This process can be used not only by the US Department of Defense, but also by commercial firms both in the United States and abroad. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
655 Aspen Ridge Drive Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Dr. Narasimha Prasad ARMY 01-057 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Wideband Acousto-optic Tunable Filter and Retarder for Spectropolarimetric Imagers |
| Abstract: | It is critical to extract maximum information from IR images for target detection, identification and classification purposes. Besides acquiring intensity variations, rapid collection of corresponding polarization signatures at desired wavelengths with an imaging spectropolarimeter could enhance the information content of an IR scene. Present spectropolarimeters operate over a narrow spectral band. Furthermore, they are heavy, slow due to moving mechanical parts, and operationally complex. Coherent Technologies Inc. (CTI) is proposing to design and develop two key components namely, an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) and a matched active retarder required for a spectropolarimetric imager to operate over the 2-12 micron spectral band. These components will enable the imager to simultaneously measure the spectral intensity and polarization content of an image in real time. These components are anticipated to guide the development of a versatile spectropolarimetric imager that will be broadband, wavelength agile, electronically tunable, all-solid-state, compact, field-deployable, and rugged. In Phase I, detailed designs, including material trade-off study and performance evaluation, of an AOTF and active retarder for a broadband spectra-polarimeter will be generated. An active retarder will be fabricated and tested. In Phase II, a portable, field-deployable, brassboard components operating over 2-12 micron spectral band will be developed and delivered. The proposed components have wide applications in sensitive target detection, identification, and discrimination systems, active and passive remote chemical sensing systems, imaging lidars, IR spectroscopy, terrestrial and space surveillance systems, machine vision systems, etc. |
| CLIFTON LABS, INC.
3678 Fawnrun Dr. Cincinnati, OH 45241 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(513) 563-4731
Mr. Dale E. Martin ARMY 01-058 Selected for Award |
| Title: | PHOCI: Photonic Communications Imager |
| Abstract: | Clifton Labs, Inc. proposes to develop a fully functional optical imaging system that is suitable for both image capture and reception of optical communications data. The proposed system, called PHOCI (for Photonic Communications Imager) includes a novel image/data capture chip that imbeds high-speed optical data communications receiver technology into the image capture array of a digital video camera system. In addition to the development of a new image/data capture chip, the proposed project includes the design of a hardware interface that allows the PHOCI system to pass both image and optical communication data through a USB (or similar communications port) to a COTS portable computer. Finally, the project includes the development of system software that will run on the portable computer. In addition to providing the device drivers necessary to communicate with the PHOCI hardware, the system software provides the data structures and graphical user interface (GUI) that allow a system operator to see the camera image along with the location and recent movement vector for communication sources in the image. Additionally, the GUI provides a point-and-click environment for viewing the most recent communication data or a communication history from any communication source identified in the imager field of view. The Phase I products (including VLSI layouts, interface circuit designs, system software and a final technical report) will clearly identify the technological barriers associated with the implementation of an optical communications imager. With the Phase I products it will be possible to implement a fully functional prototype PHOCI system. |
| ELECTRODYNAMICS ASSOC., INC.
409 Eastbridge Drive Oviedo, FL 32765 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 977-1825
Mr. Jay Vaidya ARMY 01-060 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Integral Starter/Generator Technology for Oil-Free Turbine Engines |
| Abstract: | With increased use of electric power on Army air and ground vehicles, compact, lightweight integrated turbo-generator sets with electric start capability are needed. Foil air bearings for high temperature oil free gas turbines are now feasible. Other barriers include electrical insulation and structurally sound components for applicable generator technologies. Electrodynamics Associates, Inc. has developed expertise in high-speed starter generators that will be applicable. In addition, we have teamed with Williams International and R&D Dynamics to address the issues relating to integration with the high-speed turbine using foil air bearings. During Phase I, we propose to select high power density generator and controls technology for high-speed,high temperature environment, create preliminary designs addressing electromagnetic, control system, as well as structural, thermal, dry bearing, and rotor dynamics issues. During Phase I Option, we will produce generator design layout, test electrical insulation scheme for high temperature, and simulate the start mode and generate mode operation using Matlab/Simulink software. This will prepare us for fabrication, test, and demonstration of a high-speed starter generator unit, in high temperature environment during potential Phase II. Compact light weight and cost effective integral starter generators will find use on military and commercial vehicles, and also as UPS for emergency power requirements in industry and businesses including department stores, hospitals and others. |
| EIC LABORATORIES, INC.
111 Downey Street Norwood, MA 02062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 769-9450
Dr. James A. Janni ARMY 01-061 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ultra-Sensitive Raman Detector:A SERS Spectrometer |
| Abstract: | Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for handheld, field analysis of biological health and safety threats requires the development of an advanced, compact Raman spectrometer tailored to SERS. Our proposed efforts will decrease spectrometer size, lower its power consumption, expand the Raman spectral range and develop an optical interface that improves excitation and collection efficiency when compared to current portable Raman systems. A novel spectrometer design based solely on fiber optics technology will be built in a fraction of the volume possible with dispersive instruments as a means of achieving the goal of handheld operation. This spectrometer will be coupled to our highly sensitive SERS sensors through specially designed and tested optical interfaces that account for the angular and spatial dependence of the excitation phenomenon. Analyte will be delivered to the substrate through sample collection mechanisms that account for the aerodynamics and thermodynamics that dictate SERS substrate/analyte interactions. The design features of the proposed SERS spectrometer based biological sensor will be thoroughly tested in a research program organized around understanding optimal SERS excitation, collection, and substrate analyte interactions. The research will also be directed at increasing excitation efficiency through the use of microcavities. Small and inexpensive Raman instrumentation will bring new commercial applications of the method, including quality control analysis, process controllers, forensic instruments for identifying illegal substances, and air and water monitors. |
| TPL, INC.
3921 Academy Parkway North, NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 342-4438
Mr. Tom Schilling ARMY 01-062 Awarded: 14DEC01 |
| Title: | Material Technology for Thermal Management of Gun Barrels |
| Abstract: Abstract not available... | |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Mr. James Burnett ARMY 01-062 Awarded: 14DEC01 |
| Title: | Lightweight Advanced Composite Mortar Barrels |
| Abstract: | Triton Systems Inc. proposes to design, develop the fabrication processes, and to test a full-bore subscale prototype composite 81-mm type M252 mortar barrel, to demonstrate a 30% weight reduction and advantageous thermal management in a full-sized Mortar barrel. The Army's mission for this lightweight high thermal performance mortar is based on the company level requirement of high firepower, extended range and un-mounted infantry transport. The barrel section will be fabricated using either an aluminum matrix composite (AMC) structural jacket with a steel liner or a proprietary functionally graded metal ceramic matrix composite (MCMC) structure with a fully dense ceramic matrix composite liner. In either case, the structural jacket will be fabricated from fiber-reinforced aluminum that has demonstrated excellent fatigue resistance at elevated temperature, a high tensile strength of 200 ksi, and a low density of 3.4 g/cc. At the conclusion of the proposed SBIR Phase I program the feasibility of using these high specific strength composite materials to achieve the required weight reduction and thermal management under the high firing rates in an 81-mm mortar will completed. The Advanced Composite Mortar proposed for development on this program is expected to have a direct impact on the M252 mortar by reducing the overall weight and barrel soak temperature. Additional near term Army applications include the M224 mortar and other gun systems requiring light weight and high thermal energy dissipation. Future systems applications include hydraulic actuators and pressure vessels for aerospace and commercial aircraft. Additional applications include bicycle frames and related components, automobile components such as drive shafts and propeller hub assemblies and airframe components of all kinds. |
| APPLIED SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, INC.
2009 Huntcliff Drive Gambrills, MD 21054 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(443) 306-7855
Mr. Stephen J. Fujikawa ARMY 01-063 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Autonomous Obstacle Avoidance for A Miniature Rotary Wing UAV |
| Abstract: | Research issues pertaining to the development of an obstacle avoidance system for a highly autonomous miniature rotary wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) performing the urban battlefield reconnaissance mission are proposed. The research objective is to develop the obstacle avoidance technologies, including the overall system architecture, sensors and sensor data processing algorithms, obstacle avoidance rules, logic and computational algorithms, and autopilot structure including control laws and interfaces with sensors and actuators. The research is facilitated by building on the results of extensive previous development in guidance systems for Nap-of-the-Earth (NOE) terrain following helicopters and our earlier efforts in autonomous flights of fixed wing and rotary wing UAVs. NOE helicopters share the same requirements for detecting obstacles and planning and executing avoidance routes using a high agility autopilot. Options for sensors, sensor data processing, avoidance route planning, and autopilot algorithms are outlined. The result of this project will be candidate obstacle avoidance rule sets, autopilot algorithms, and sensor data characterizations to be evaluated in follow-on simulation effort with eventual implementation on a small helicopter during the Phase II of this SBIR effort. This research will facilitate the development of low cost man-portable UAVs for operation in cluttered urban environments, which can perform the reconnaissance mission with more speed and reduced personal risk versus sending a human reconnaissance team. Commercial applications may include mapping of hazardous or unreachable areas and police reconnaissance. |
| MICRO ANALYSIS & DESIGN, INC.
4900 Pearl East Circle, Suite 201E Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 442-6947
Mr. David Dahn ARMY 01-064 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Control of Multiple Unmanned Systems |
| Abstract: | The Army is at the beginning of a major force update that will use distributed unmanned vehicles as an integrated force element. Initial developments have been completed that allow a single Soldier to control as many as 4 unmanned vehicles. However, there are no technologies available to assess future designs of a one on many control system to predict a Soldier's ability to effectively control n number of unmanned vehicles in varying terrain, climate, and combat stressed conditions. This proposal describes a specific process that capitalizes on previous work performed in the human factors industry and combines this work to provide an innovative and uniquely powerful soldier performance assessment tool. This soldier performance assessment tool will utilize proven modeling and simulation techniques, coupled with operator workload and situational awareness measurement techniques to help understand the relationships between soldier performance and system parameters that ultimately affect how many unmanned systems a single soldier or group of soldiers can control. This project will establish the state of the art in assessing workload associated with control of multiple unmanned vehicles by a single controller or team of controllers. The tool developed for this effort will provide the ability to assess the workload and situational awareness demands imposed on a Soldier while performing multiple control of heterogeneous unmanned vehicles with potentially different modalities (modes of control) that may be encountered in varying terrain or partial failure conditions of the automatons. Principal benefits will be to provide the Army with a method to reduce Operating and Support Cost by allowing studies of Soldier capacity in controlling multiple unmanned vehicles and other command and control operations simultaneously on the battlefield. This assessment capability can ultimately lead to a reduction in the number of soldiers required to man the future force including the Future Combat System (FCS). |
| 3D-IC, INC.
11 Ward Street, Suite 400 Somerville, MA 02143 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 661-2905
Dr. Lisa McIlrath ARMY 01-065 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A High Resolution, Ultra High Frame Rate Visible Light Imager for High Speed Digital Photography |
| Abstract: | 3D-IC proposes to develop design specifications for a 12 megapixel 1000 frame / second digital output imager. The proposed design will be based on using a monolithic substrate for the photosensor array that is engineered to achieve high quantum efficiency and good spectral response in visible light. The company proposes to investigate adaptation of its proprietary pixel-parallel processor core architecture to enable the required high bandwidth data read out in this Phase I study. It will also investigate requirements for the interface camera and propose a suitable camera system architecture. High speed photographic systems are used for many purposes, including ballistics testing, industrial inspection, security, law enforcement, and medical applications. Market research in the domain of high-end imaging applications shows that the demand for these products will exceed $200M/year by 2004 in unit sensor costs. Digital imaging techniques, will significantly improve the quality of high speed photography. They will allow faster, more automated analysis of the available information, and will eliminate the cost and time needed to process film. |
| AMAIN ELECTRONICS CO., INC.
5301 Longley Lane, Unit 122 Reno, NV 89511 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(775) 825-6001
Mr. William Mandl ARMY 01-065 Selected for Award |
| Title: | All Digital High Speed Visible Imaging Array |
| Abstract: | Amain proposes to develop a large staring array monolithic visible light camera with extremely low power analog to digital conversion, A/D, at each pixel. The approach is based on oversample A/D techniques developed for audio applications, generally known in the industry as delta sigma A/D. Each pixel of the focal plane array will contain a patented converter named MOSAD, Multiplexed OverSample A/D. The study will focus on requirements for building a 4096X3072 array of pixel photo sensors with MOSAD converters. Ultimately the array will be designed to work at 1,000 frame/second sample rate. Data volume issues will be addressed in the initial study phase. In addition, a systolic array processor approach will be developed as a high speed parallel processor for image data rate reduction. Large focal plane arrays operating at high sample rates present a problem for conventional readout techniques due to the wide noise bandwidth and the power consumption. The MOSAD approach reduces noise bandwidth at the pixel to data bandwidth. It also allows substantial power savings because of the lower noise amplitude and thus lower signal switching voltages. Applications for cost effective large array cameras exist in the consumer, commercial and military sectors. Broadcast HDTV cameras, electronic 35 millimeter cameras in the consumer area represent a substantial market potential. Surveillance, mapping and resource monitoring are a few of the applications for the military and industrial markets. |
| APPLIED PIXELS, LLC
492 Chase Street Sonoma, CA 95476 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(707) 938-2106
Mr. Christopher Clark ARMY 01-065 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ultra High Resolution/High Speed Visible Imagers |
| Abstract: | We propose that the technologies used in advanced telecommunication circuits be applied to the development of a novel active pixel image sensor capable of exceeding the bandwidth-resolution product of present image sensors by a factor of 10x. We will use a bipolar-CMOS (BiCMOS) process to combine the high performance pixels available in CMOS technologies with the high-speed signal processing circuits made possible by utilizing bipolar transistors. BiCMOS has found wide usage in high-speed telecommunication circuits and has proven itself as an economical and reliable process. We intend to use this technology to develop a 1000 frames per second, 12Megapixel, 12-bit image sensor. To support such a sensor, an equally high-performance data acquisition system is required. A critical element in this system is a compression chip (ASIC) that can interface with the pre-compression input/output (I/O) circuitry on the image sensor on one side, and with high-speed network transceivers on the other. We are proposing a detailed study of and solution to the issues related to achieving "lossless" data compression at a ratio of 15:1 or better. Finally, we will create a preliminary design of a full data acquisition system capable of supporting a 12Megapixel, 12-bit, image sensor operating at 1000 fps. We believe the sensor and data acquisition system we are proposing will have a direct benefit to the US Military in their efforts to characterize weapon systems performance. Further, we believe the products of this SBIR effort, both image sensors and data acquisition systems, represent viable products of great interest to several different imaging markets. These commercial markets include machine vision, motion analysis, cinematography and markets that use elements derived from the overall image sensor technology we are proposing. The results of this SBIR can be directly turned into commercial value as marketable products. |
| GRIFFIN ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Suite E1-300, 3000 Kent Avenue West Lafayette, IN 47909 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(765) 426-9586
Mr. Garth Patterson ARMY 01-066 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Mini-Mass Spectrometer for Point Detection |
| Abstract: | There is a critical need by the U.S. Army to have at their disposal a highly functional, low-cost, chemical warfare detection instrument. An effective instrument must provide selectivity for chemical targets relative to background, fast response times, and a low incidence of false positives and virtually no false negatives. GAT will deliver a fieldable mass spectrometer that will serve as the centerpiece of a high performance chemical warfare detection system. The proposed instrument will use proprietary technology developed at Purdue University (patent pending) that centers on the miniaturization of a quadrupole ion trap (QIT) mass spectrometer. Mass Spectrometers provide quantitative and qualitative information in the same analytical scan. To date, high performance mass spectrometers have been confined to the pristine laboratory environment. However, the innovation realized at Purdue will allow for a high performance instrument that will be uniquely suited for field deployable point detection. Therefore, the laboratory can be brought to the sample instead of the current time consuming methods of taking the sample to the laboratory. The objectives of Phase 1 are to determine the feasibility of development and commercialization of a portable chemical warfare detection system, including, on-line sampling, mini-mass spectrometer detection, and networked data handling. The proposed instrument will provide many markets with affordable, reliable, functional chemical detection in a field portable package. This instrumentation represents a platform technology that can be used in many research and development applications. Therefore, the MMS will expand current mass spectrometry markets and most excitingly, open new markets. Specifically, this type of instrument could be used in process monitoring, environmental testing, for water and air purity, and may be used as a medical monitoring instrument. |
| TESLA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
P.O. Box 31378 Knoxville, TN 37930 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(865) 531-9150
Dr. W.R. Lawrence ARMY 01-066 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Chemical Sensor Based on Micromechanical Systems |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a novel type of miniature chemical sensor utilizing very recent developments in microcantilevers. Sensors based on this technology will be up to 100 times smaller, considerably more sensitive, and less expensive than currently available chemical sensors. Microcantilevers that are 50-200 m long, 10-40 m wide, and 0.3-4 m thick and possessing resonance frequencies in the range 10-300 kHz, have recently been used in scanning force microscopy to detect extremely small changes in force in the range of 10-12-10-9 N. The resonance frequency and bending of the microcantilever varies reproducibly and sensitively due to adsorption of molecules on the cantilever surfaces making it an ideal chemical sensor with picogram sensitivity and parts per billion detection. Preliminary detection studies, have demonstrated detection of ppb of chemicals, Simultaneous bending measurements resulted in a sensitivity of 0.6 pg/mV. The recyclability of the chemical sensor will be demonstrated by removing the adsorbed chemical by heating of the sensor element. We also plan to demonstrate that the sensor can be vibrated in liquid environments with a good Q-factors, allowing it to be used to detect the presence of chemicals in liquid environments. Parasitic interferences can be accounted for by using reference microcantilevers, arrays of differentially coated sensors, thermal desorption rates and/or filters. Additionally, due to the extremely small size of the sensor, the development of a personal monitor that is highly sensitive may be possible. The proposed work will provide a highly significant advance in microcantilever sensor technology with possibilities of developing new sensors for many chemicals. Commercial applications of chemical sensors are numerous since these detectors will be extremely sensitive, miniaturized, and could be mass produced. Applications include industrial hygiene, air and water pollution control, mining industry, submarines, air quality monitoring, etc |
| N&R ENGINEERING
6659 Pearl Road, Suite 400 Parma Heights, OH 44130 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(440) 845-7020
Dr. Vinod K. Nagpal ARMY 01-067 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Probabilistic Design Tool for Small Turbine Engine High Cycle Fatigue (HCF) Life |
| Abstract: | This project will significantly improve the accuracy of small turbine engine high cycle fatigue (HCF) life predictions by including the phenomenon of bladed disk mistuning in the structural analysis modeling. This will be done by developing reduced-order models and integrating them into a probabilistic structural analysis computer code. The reduced-order modeling technique enables a sufficiently accurate representation of the underlying physics while avoiding the prohibitively long computational times required by direct simulations involving random variables. The Phase I Option will develop models and methodologies to predict the redistribution of residual stresses induced by surface enhancement processes (SEP) under thermal and probabilistic HCF loading conditions and use these models to modify the HCF life prediction tool. Phase II would develop the probabilistic model into a robust computational tool and perform verification testing with real data from a limited number of existing turboshaft/turboprop engine bladed disk assemblies. Phase III would generalize the methodology and computer code to a wide variety of gas turbine engine components and applications. The traditional life prediction methodologies used in current small turbine engine design processes are seriously compromised by their inability to capture the inherently random behavior characteristics of bladed disk assemblies due to mistuning. Consequently, either the compressor designs are overly conservative (with concomitant loss in efficiency and weight penalties) or excessive failures occur during operational use. The prediction of mistuning effects in bladed disk assemblies is therefore of fundamental importance in achieving a robust HCF-resistant design for small gas turbine engines. The development and validation of an advanced and economical tool for the probabilistic assessment of random mistuning effects is key to effectively accounting for these important effects during the design process, thereby producing more robust, HCF-free high performance engine components. The application of such an advanced life prediction tool will result in higher performance engines as well as fewer operational component failures due to manufacturing and material property variances. Both military and commercial small engine applications will benefit from the exploitation of this advanced technology. This proposal was recommended by Honeywell Engines & Systems who intend to apply the analysis tool to assist them in the their "Probabilistics for Small Engines" program. (See attachment A, a letter from Honeywell to the Army supporting this proposal). |
| CFD RESEARCH CORP.
215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 726-4800
Mr. Robert W. Tramel ARMY 01-068 Selected for Award |
| Title: | An Integrated Framework for High-Fidelity Multi-Disciplinary Analysis of Rotorcraft |
| Abstract: | An integrated framework is proposed for high-fidelity multi-disciplinary analysis of rotorcraft and tail surface aerodynamic and aeroelastic interactions. A novel multi-resolution technique is proposed for efficient capturing of the rotor wakes. A wavelet compression is used to store the flowfield as a multi-level representation in physical space. The primary solution progresses using a very coarse grid. Ideas borrowed from vorticity confinement are used to identify regions of concentrated vorticity. These regions are selectively solved recursively in the finer grid-levels and accurate information is injected into the coarse grids to correctly represent all vorticity. In Phase I, the novel wavelet compression algorithm will be developed as a stand-alone module. An innovative Runge-Kutta temporal update will be used to advance all grid levels independently. The feasibility of the wavelet compression module will be assessed using 1-D moving wave and extensive 2-D vortex-in-box simulations. The Phase I option will focus on developing efficient data structures to store and update the multi-resolution data. The proposed method is expected to provide orders-of-magnitude leap over existing conventional wake capturing techniques. In Phase II, the wavelet compression methodology will be integrated with OVERFLOW into the Multi-Disciplinary Computing Environment (MDICE). The MDICE framework will enable the coupled codes to capture the aerodynamic and aeroelastic interactions of rotorcraft and analysis of rotorcraft vibrations, buffet, and fatigue problems. The proposed framework will provide an order-of-magnitude reduction in computational time for wake capturing and multi-disciplinary analysis of wake/tail interaction induced buffeting using the multi-level resolution and parallel execution. The framework will be directly applicable to multi-disciplinary rotorcraft analysis. With some modifications, the framework could be used for other commercial applications such as flutter and buffet analysis of fighter aircraft, nonlinear lift systems, and wing-trailing vortex dynamics of large civil aircraft. |
| BROADATA COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
2545 W. 237th Street, Suite K Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-1416
Dr. Freddie Lin ARMY 01-069 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Video Coding System for Sensor Data Transmission Over Rotorcraft Tactical Radios |
| Abstract: | Broadata Communications, Inc. (BCI), proposes to develop a rate adaptable video compression/decompression system (RAVS) in conjunction with current or future generation tactical radio equipment to address Army's need to distribute video sensor data off-platform for use in teaming operations. The RAVS uses a new generation wavelet video coder, which can compress video data in a highly adaptive approach to accommodate a wide variety of radio channel specifications, while maintaining the optimal performance of video compression quality. This enables decoding of video data with variable bit rates and different image sizes, depending on the application and condition of the tactical radio channel. In addition, a unique bit rate allocation algorithm is also applied to the system to increase the systems performance against channel noises and ensure a constant bit-rate compressed video transmission. The proposed system will compress video data in real time and with a high compression ratio. Because of its low complexity and high performance design, the RAVS will be compact and light enough for use onboard aircraft, including unmanned aerial vehicles and rotorcraft, as well as by mobile ground personnel. The resulting system will be able to provide video information that can be transmitted across low bandwidth communication systems. Applications include video-telephones, video security surveillance, teleconferencing, medical imaging, and emergency video broadcasting. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Information Technologies Div., 20600 Gramercy Plac Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Wenjian Wang ARMY 01-069 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Mobile Advanced Data Compression Adaptive Technology |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Mobile Advanced Data Compression Adaptive Technology (MADCAT) communication system to transmit EIA-170 and EIA-343A streaming video over current tactical radios. MADCAT applies POC's novel soft computing and soft communication fuzzy logic algorithm and supercomputer-class Processing and Ultra-Memory Access IC hardware to achieve 4000:1 video hypercompression. MADCAT video hyercompression removes redundancy mostly by eliminating unnecessary I-frames, without sacrificing video quality. MADCAT hardware physical layer transparency makes it compatible with any type of Army rotorcraft tactical radio, including SINCGARS and AN/PRC-117F. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate a preliminary MADCAT prototype (both software and hardware) that includes video/audio compression, a physical layer, a novel sensor-specific communication interface, and bit-selective error resilient channel coding. In Phase II, POC will develop and demonstrate the full-scale MADCAT prototype model in a realistic environment, transmitting for example, EIA-343A video from rotorcraft to a ground station over Army rotorcraft tactical radios. The final MADCAT prototype will be fully compliant with ROSA RTA. The MADCAT technology addresses a wide range of large and diverse video communication markets. Video conferencing and cellular videophones are two key rapidly growing sectors. It is expected that the video conferencing market will reach $35 billion by 2002 and the cellular videophone market will be $100 billion in 2003. Other commercial sectors include broadcast TV and streaming IP video. |
| ADVANCED ROTORCRAFT TECHNOLOGY, INC.
1685 Plymouth Street, Suite 250 Mountain View, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 968-1464
Dr. Chengjian He ARMY 01-070 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Generation of Consistent Rotorcraft Dynamics Models for Life Cycle Simulation Support |
| Abstract: | Simulation models of rotorcraft are used in a wide variety of Army applications. Conceptual Design applications use models of the sensitivity of performance to design parameters. Preliminary and detailed design applications use physical models to add detail and predict stability and loads. Test and evaluation applications use stability and load predictions to select maneuvers, instrumentation, and test conditions. Training applications use real time models to drive instrument displays, visual displays and motion platforms. Simulation Based Acquisition combines manufacturing, operational, and economic models to predict life-cycle costs. In order to assure consistency between the models used to support these diverse applications it is desired to derive these specialized models from a "Primary" comprehensive model. This will provide traceability and facilitate Verification, Validation and Accreditation (VV&A) for these models. ART has developed FLIGHTLAB, a simulation productivity tool that supports comprehensive modeling and analysis, selective fidelity modeling, and code-generation to separate a model from the development environment and link it to a user's application. In this SBIR, ART proposes to demonstrate the feasibility of using FLIGHTLAB to derive a broad range of specialized rotorcraft models from FLIGHTLAB comprehensive models to support Army applications. The Phase I activity will focus on the development and testing of a rotor performance model to support conceptual design with the Army's conceptual design program, RC. Under Phase II, performance models of additional rotorcraft subsystems will be developed and combined with the rotor performance model to support conceptual design. An additional application will be addressed in Phase II to demonstrate this capability, such as generating a real time model for training applications and establishing VV&A standards for models used in pilot training. The emphasis will be on establishing the VV&A methodology for each specialized model to provide standardization and traceability. Rotorcraft dynamics models are used to support rotorcraft design, analysis, testing, flight training, manufacturing and procurement. Deriving these models from a common comprehensive model that has been validated against experimental testing will reduce the cost of model development and testing and increase synergism between the diverse activities using these models. Commercial applications include the sale of custom models produced from FLIGHTLAB to support specialized Army activities, the sale of FLIGHTLAB development systems to generate and test these models, and the sale of ART training simulators that use FLIGHTLAB models certified by the VV&A procedures derived in this SBIR. The approach can be extended to the fixed wing and automotive industries using FLIGHTLAB's capabilities to support these areas. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
50 Mall Road Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-3388
Dr. Paul Gierke ARMY 01-071 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Passive Terrain Following |
| Abstract: | Helicopters of the United States Special Operations Command perform missions that require flight at extremely low altitudes and high speeds in order to avoid detection. Currently MH-60K and MH-47E aircraft use a multi mode radar (MMR) to navigate and avoid ground hazards. Such active systems are detectable by passive observers. Helicopters can avoid the use of active systems through the use of Passive Terrain Following/Terrain Avoidance (Passive TF/TA). This technique also has the potential to lower the overall altitude of such flights and give the pilots considerable situational awareness. The technology now exists to develop such systems. ALPHATECH proposes to develop and demonstrate algorithms for Passive Terrain Following/Terrain Avoidance. The algorithms will be specifically designed to handle the problems of bias and error peculiar to terrain estimation, and will be based on multiresolution statistical models. This approach has several advantages including the versatility to accept data of varying resolutions and irregular sampling geometries, as well as the algorithmic speed, that is linear in the number of grid points. Using this approach, ALPHATECH will evaluate the performance of Passive TF/TA under data of varying resolutions. This study will help determine the data and hardware requirements for an operational Passive TF/TA system. The proposed technology will provide the army with a passive solution for Terrain Following/Terrain Avoidance. In addition, the proposed design will have commercial applicability to any system requiring flight navigation with respect to the ground. This is true not only of manned aircraft, but also of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). |
| FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY, INC.
6785 Hollister Avenue Goleta, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 671-0508
Mr. Jerry Mehlberg ARMY 01-071 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Passive Terrain Following |
| Abstract: | Special Operations Forces (SOF) MH-47E and MH-60K rotorcraft must use the terrain following tactic to minimize their detectability and maximize their survivability when ingressing or egressing on an operational mission. The current terrain following radar for these rotorcraft can be detected by passive detection systems, does not always display obstacles accurately, and adds 300 hundred pounds to rotorcraft weight. The juxtaposition of recent advances in GPS navigation and the accuracy and coverage of Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED) offers the possibility of a passive terrain following system for SOF rotorcraft. FTI will conduct a study of the feasibility of a GPS/DTED-based terrain following system and also produce a conceptual design document and preliminary functional architecture for an operational passive terrain following system. The feasibility study will involve both an anlytic portion and a computer simulation and visualization. Phase II will implement the concepts and designs developed in Phase I and develop an operating prototype system. A system that combines GPS with digital terrain data for navigation and terrain avoidance will be attractive to civil and commercial aircraft, enhancing safety, especially in mountainous terrain bad weather. |
| AEROVIRONMENT, INC.
825 S. Myrtle Avenue Monrovia, CA 91016 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 581-2187
Mr. Matthew Keennon ARMY 01-072 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Reliable Actuators for Micro Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) |
| Abstract: | Recent advances and development efforts in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and sensor technologies have resulted in potential for increased capability in small and micro-sized UAVs. While advanced have been made in the capabilities of the vehicles and some subsystems, a lack of emphasis has been placed on actuator technologies. Reduction in the size of the vehicle characteristically increases the vehicle dynamic frequencies. This has created a requirement for very lightweight and reliable miniature actuators with higher bandwidth. This effort will result in a scalable actuator design that fills the current void in suitable actuators UAVs sized from approximately 3 to 12 inches. Actuator requirements for micro UAVs will be investigated including applications for fixed wing, rotorcraft and payloads. Technologies in various fields will be examined to determine what is the current state of the art and evaluate which technologies may be appropriate for micro UAVs. The resulting data will be used to design a robust, high quality and scalable actuator for micro UAV applications. This effort will result in a design for a high quality actuator for micro UAV applications. Significant ongoing efforts in micro UAV development will benefit from a commercially available actuator. This will have the effect of extending micro UAV applications into new markets as the capability and cost improves. In addition small-scale actuators have wide use in a number of fields such as robotics, small actuators on large aircraft, electro-mechanical locks, aeromodeling, antenna steering, automotive accessories, etc. In some markets, mass quantities of lower quality devices may be appropriate and would result in lower cost devices for both defense and commercial applications. |
| ISX CORP.
760 Paseo Camarillo, Suite 401 Camarillo, CA 93010 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 247-7800
Mr. Brian Kettler ARMY 01-073 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Distributed Agent-based Information Dissemination System (DAIDS) |
| Abstract: | Every element of the Army airborne combat team depends on shared situation awareness for and other information they need to act as a coordinated mission-effective team while optimizing their survivability in a way that works in real-world environments. To provide this common understanding, ISX Corporation and Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Laboratories (ATL) propose DAIDS, the Distributed Agent-based Information Dissemination System, with three key elements: 1) Distributed Information Dissemination Platform to implement a peer-to-peer information fusion architecture, provide for dynamic registration of network nodes, and provide local infrastructure at each network node to enable information fusion and dissemination policies and behaviors; 2) Fusion Management Agents that apply appropriate information fusion support services, enabling maintenance of a coherent Common Tactical Picture (CTP) at each node while integrating track and sensor updates from multiple peer nodes; 3) Information Dissemination Agents that transport tailored fusion-relevant information to other network nodes. This approach will provide distributed information dissemination services for Distributed Data Fusion amongst participating platforms to manage the CTP, including smart DAIDS software agents that coordinate tracks among peers with overlapping responsibilities; recognize task-, mode-, or context-specific information requirements; handle specific peer information requests; and consider survivability issues in setting dissemination priorities. For Army combat environments like HSKT and FCS, the primary benefits of this research will derive from two aspects of our system concept: localization of fusion activities at individual distributed nodes of the network of combat elements, and selective and intelligent peer-to-peer dissemination of information across network nodes. The localized fusion services we provide will focus fusion activities to form a context-tuned view of the Common Tactical Picture. Intelligent dissemination of information will insure that the information communicated between combat elements improves the Common Tactical Picture for that unit by providing the right information at the right time. Limitations on communications bandwidth and processing must be faced in real-world system employment. The ability to employ intelligent prioritization schemes to communicate only situation-relevant information between nodes, means that scarce comms and processing resources will be used more effectively to deliver the right information to the right place at the right time. Further, DAIDS will permit combat teams to operate dynamically, adding and relinquishing team members as needed, and allows Distributed Data Fusion to form the best possible Common Tactical Picture from the current cooperating resources. This means better decisions by each combat element, better coordination of activities in combat situations, and better survivability and mission effectiveness for every team member. Because dynamic team member sensing capabilities registration is not being funded as a part of the AMUST-D program, DAIDS will fill a critical technology enabling and risk reduction role for Distributed Data Fusion as a part of that program. Intelligent information dissemination also applies outside the Army air combat regime. Any large enterprise faces problems of "information awareness," understanding what information in the enterprise could be available to support better decision making, making the analyst or decision maker aware of that information, and delivering it to him at the time (and in a form) that will best support his decision process. Military C2 examples abound, concepts like the Army Tactical Battlespace Infosphere concept and the Joint Battlespace Infosphere. Similar commercial problems exist in any large organization involved in knowledge- and information-based decisions, such as drug development, supply-chain management, investment management, etc. In each case, and in many more examples, the benefit of decision superiority comes from getting the right information to the right person at the right time and in the right form. |
| EIDETICS CORP.
3425 Lomita Blvd. Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 326-8228
Dr. Michael Kerho ARMY 01-074 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advanced Rotor Aerodynamics For Dynamic Stall Alleviation Using Robust Flow Control |
| Abstract: | Compliant structures technology, coupled with variable camber leading-edge dynamic stall control, has the potential to significantly improve the performance of modern rotorcraft. The objective of this Phase I proposal is to use compliant structures technology to design a hinge-less, variable camber, semi-span, leading-edge for rotor blade dynamic stall control utilizing compliant monolithic structures. The system will provide a significantly enhanced performance envelope for the rotorcraft in the form of increased speed, maneuverability, payload, and range as compared to traditional designs. The new compliant structures design will alleviate retreating blade stall with a robust and reliable variable camber leading-edge system. The new system will be lightweight, rugged, maintainable, damage tolerant, and have a low radar cross-section, all while providing exceptional maneuverability, performance, and payload capacity. The commercialization potential for advanced, high performance helicopter blade airfoils, designed with a reliable and robust variable camber leading-edge is excellent. It is recognized that future rotorcraft are expected to play an increasingly important role in military operations in the form of long range transport, low altitude deep penetration, and air to air/air-to-ground combat. The rotorcraft industry will be eager to exploit the advantages of the variable camber compliant structure based design. This new design approach will deliver the advantages sought by rotorcraft designers, but with much lower weight, and much lower cost of manufacture while providing a robust and reliable system. Both commercial and military rotorcraft designers will find the technology extremely appealing, allowing significant commercialization potential. |
| MATERIALS & ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH (ME
7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 574-1980
Dr. J.C. Withers ARMY 01-075 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Affordable High Strength Face Gears |
| Abstract: | The materials properties and inability to grind highly hardened steel into face gears as well as their weight, have limited their inherent advantage and application in high power density aerospace and transportation systems. Laser fusion free-form fabrication has demonstrated custom material compositions can be net shaped produced with superior properties to the same material conventionally formed. Laser fusion fabrication is proposed to net shape produce hybrid materials combination face gears such as titanium webs and steel teeth with controlled nanochemistry that enhances properties over a forged and hardened steel. Material combinations will be produced in a functional graduation between the compositions and characterized for face gear application. A down select materials combination will be utilized to demonstrate a net shape face gear can be laser fusion produced with desired surface finish and surface tribology. The commercial applications of high performance, lightweight, low cost face gears are in a plethora of aerospace, defense, and aircraft, automotive and marine vehicle systems. |
| MONTEREY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
24600 Silver Cloud Court, Suite 103 Monterey, CA 93940 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 970-9119
Mr. Thomas J. Sharkey ARMY 01-076 Selected for Award |
| Title: | An Improved Helicopter Display That Correlates Flight Symbols with Flight Imagery |
| Abstract: | In visually guided flight mediated by a synthetic imaging system, merely depicting the terrain is inadequate to support safe flight of Army helicopters at low altitudes. Superimposed geo-referenced symbology to is predicted provide the information necessary for near-ground safe flight. MTI will design and demonstrate terrain-overlay symbology that will support safe flight and will determine the cost of building a symbology system for flight test. MTI has over fifteen years experience in Army flight simulation and flight symbology development. Nevertheless, MTI's will review literature and interview pilots to identifying information requirements for flight in demanding environments. MTI will then design candidate symbol sets that provide the information needed for safe and sure helicopter flight. The key innovation in MTI's approach will be to design an efficient set of symbology that augments but does not duplicate terrain information sources. After review by pilots and modification, the final symbology set will be rendered in animated form and shown superimposed over dynamic terrain imagery, for a variety of helicopter flight maneuvers. MTI will prepare a plan for both simulation and flight testing of the symbology. MTI will also develop a preliminary hardware and software design and a cost estimate for the flight test version to be built during Phase II. This display will expand the operating environment for other military and civil helicopters. This will be of value to operators who need to fly in adverse conditions, such as MEDEVAC, law enforcement and search and rescue operations. The display will also be useful where judgements of aircraft position are always difficult, e.g., positioning sling loads, power line maintenance. |
| SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
13766 S. Hawthorne Blvd. Hawthorne, CA 90250 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 679-2281
Mr. Bimal Aponso ARMY 01-076 Selected for Award |
| Title: | An Improved Helicopter Display That Correlates Flight Symbols with Flight Imagery |
| Abstract: | Innovative pilot cueing display concepts are proposed that will allow helicopter pilots to operate in reduced-visibility environments using a head-down primary flight display. The cueing displays will be based on earth-referenced information obtained by sensing aircraft position and flightpath relative to the earth, and digitized data for terrain and obstacles in the vicinity of the helicopter. The pilot cueing symbology will be superimposed on a computer-generated image of the surrounding terrain and obstacles as well as images of the outside world from imaging sensors such as infra-red and radar. Display concepts are proposed for a complete range of civil and military rotorcraft operations including hover/landing, forward flight and autorotation. Candidate hardware/software architectures for an earth-referenced pilot cueing display will be defined in Phase I based on a limited evaluation of display concepts on a fixed-base simulator. In Phase II, a prototype system will be developed and evaluated using piloted simulation and flight testing. This display will be useful for all civil and military helicopter operators for avoiding collision with terrain and obstacles in impoverished-visibility conditions. Example applications include military night operations, emergency medical evacuation and airborne law enforcement. The concepts can be readily extended for fixed-wing operations as well as for the intelligent transportation initiative for ground vehicles. |
| ENVIROSPACE SOFTWARE RESEARCH, INC.
507 Alhambra Road Venice, FL 34285 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(941) 488-7205
Dr. Stephen R. Gerig ARMY 01-077 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Route-planning on the spheroid gridded by a DTEM |
| Abstract: | Route-planning for vehicles and motion-planning for robots is most effective, and most challeging technically, when it is performed in realtime by on-board computer-processors. The realtime planning allows for responses to changes in the surroundings as the vehicle or robot proceeds towards a goal from a start. En route planning is accomplished by the repeated execution of sophisticated search procedures on the computer-processors to identify the quickest route to the goal from the current location, which route also avoids obstacles and minimizes the exposure to hazards and threats along the way. The present effort is to develop search-procedures not for a plane surface, but for a curved surface, namely the earth modeled as a spheroid. The earth's terrain, that is, the actual surface of the earth as it lies above or below the spheroidal model at each pair of numerical values for longitude and latitude, is modeled by a digital terrain elevation matrix (DTEM.) This DTEM imposes a grid on the spheroid consisting of regularly spaced parallels of latitude and regularly spaced meridians of longitude, a geometry different from the rectilinear gridding on the plane surface, which rectilinear gridding is the geometric basis for conventional search-procedures. The grid imposed on the spheroid by the DTEM will be accomodated by the search-procedures to be developed on the present effort. Realtime, on-board route-planners are already in use, as, for example, on Army aircraft. Thes existing route-planners do not, however, accomodate curved surfaces gridded by DTEMs, but only plane surfaces gridded by straight lines. These Army aircraft, and potentially, robotic, unmanned, military aircraft are existing military markets for the product or service arising as a commercial follow-on to the present effort. A potentially big civilian market exists for motion-planning for mobile robots or the multi-jointed arms of stationary robots. The mobile robots could be either robotic gound-vehicles travelling on or robotic aircraft travelling slightly above the surface of the earth on possibly hazardous missions on or over rugged or inhospitable terrain. The mobile robots could also be specialized vehicles for exploring the surfaces of planetary bodies in the solar system, or service robots on not only a planetary surface, but also the surface of a space station. These route-planners require sensor systems in addition to a DTEM, and for the robots one such sensor system would be the vision system which these robots already possess. An important special use is route-planning to avoid shady country where a mobile robot's solar power collector would not receive sunlight. The multi-jointed arms of stationary robots could benefit from motion-planning constrained to a surface, not necessarily a plane surface, as an efficient alternative to time-consuming motion-planning in three dimensions. The curved surfaces in which the multi-jointed arm could be constrained to move might be identified in realtime by a vision-system mounted on the robot. All of these civilian robotic applications would require significant follow-on effort to become commercial services or products. |
| ACCUMETRICS ASSOC., INC.
409 Front St. Schenectady, NY 12305 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 393-2200
Mr. John M. Reschovsky ARMY 01-078 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Wireless Rotor-Mounted High-Speed Data Acquisition System |
| Abstract: | The objective of Phase I of this project is to evaluate the feasibility of a Wireless Rotor-Mounted High-Speed Data Acquisition System for helicopter research. The system requirements encompass demanding features including capacity to acquire up to 256 rotor-mounted sensors at up to 31,720 samples per second. Programmable sampling strategies, and signal conditioning configurations are required. A Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) interface will transmit this data from the helicopter rotor hub to a ground station up to 1000 feet away at rates of at least 10 Mbit per second. The feasibility of many of the required features of this system has already been demonstrated in commercial rotor telemetry systems manufactured by the proposers. Therefore the research in Phase I will focus on a few key areas that are of concern to determine feasibility. These involve the transmission range of a IEEE 802.11 compliant wireless link from antennas mounted on the rotor hub to the ground station, particularly if the aircraft fuselage produces a shadowing effect. System architecture, implementation strategy and commercial component options will also be investigated, and a preliminary design will be developed. This project could lead to a tool that will help engineers and scientists who study the performance of helicopters to acquire data from large numbers of sensors mounted on rotor blades and other rotating components. Strain gages are most commonly used allowing researchers to determine stresses resulting from in-flight maneuvers. Other sensors such as accelerometers and pressure transducers can provide additional understanding of aerodynamic and vibration characteristics of the aircraft. This technology could also lead to automated track and balance systems that could drastically reduce the vibration environment in both military and commercial helicopters. This project has significance that extends beyond the area of helicopter research. The requirements for the system detail a highly flexible and reconfigurable data acquisition platform combined with wireless network connectivity. One can envision many other applications from the results of this research. Remote monitoring of conventional sensors using rugged data acquisition modules, wireless communications and web enabled tools will open significant new opportunities in both DOD and private sector markets. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 622-5509
Ms. Sara E. Rosenberg ARMY 01-079 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Novel Brazing Technology for Joining and Sealing of CMC/Monolithic Turbine Vanes |
| Abstract: | Foster-Miller and GE Aircraft Engines (GEAE) have been working together for years on the next generation ceramic matrix composite (CMC) airfoils required to reach the IHPTET performance goals. Smaller turbines, such as in the Joint Turbine Advanced Gas Generator (JTAGG), have particularly demanding performance requirements. One area of critical development is the trailing edge of the JTAGG high pressure turbine vane, which demands a monolithic ceramic knife edge while maintaining the CMC leading edge performance. On the proposed effort, Foster-Miller and GEAE will team to develop a unique brazing technique to overcome a significant thermal mismatch in order join a monolithic Si3N4 trailing edge to a 3D braided SiC/SiC leading edge. The team's extensive CMC airfoil developments, combined with Foster-Miller's long history of braze development for ceramics and other unique materials, will enable the development of a highly reliable joint and seal for this vital component. During Phase I, Foster-Miller will develop the braze materials and geometries, and will verify their effective strength with shear testing. Phase II optimize the braze materials and demonstrate the joining technology of the full size component. (P-020007) The joining technology developed here will enable high temperature performance in highly loaded turbine vanes. The target JTAGG engine, as well as larger IHPTET and VAATE demonstrators, can also benefit from the development of this airfoil fabrication method. Additionally, as CMCs are introduced into other high temperature applications, the braze methods developed here can be used in order to join adjacent components, be it CMC to CMC, CMC to monolithic ceramics, or CMC to metals. |
| THOR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
7600 Jefferson NE, Suite 9-115 Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 348-8797
Dr. Stuart T. Schwab ARMY 01-079 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Hybrid Ceramic Composites for Advanced Turbomachinery |
| Abstract: | Continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic composites (CFCCs) are inherently wear and oxidation resistant, retain strength at higher temperatures and have lower specific densities than competing metal systems. The hot sections of gas turbine engines and related devices are exposed to aggressive gaseous species at high temperature. Because of their thermochemical stability and oxidation resistance, CFCCs have been identified as leading material candidates for high temperature applications; however, new processing methods are needed to lower the cost of producing these materials, as well as to produce them in forms that can accommodate thin walled sections and that can be attached readily to supporting metal structures. Thor Technologies, Inc. will team with Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Materials Research & Design (MR&D), and a turbine engine manufacturer to demonstrate the capability of the innovative polymer infiltration/microwave pyrolysis (PIMP) process to produce hybrid CFCCs for turbine engine applications. These hybrid CFCCs contain integral metal features that enable the use of conventional attachments, such as nuts and bolts. The PI has over fifteen years experience in preceamic polymer science and CFCC processing, and the team has the design, manufacturing and testing expertise to produce turbine engine components at low cost. Lighter weight materials and the reduction in cooling air requirements will lower the overall weight and increase the operating efficiency of turbine engines ranging from aerospace engines to stationary power plants. The availability of low cost CFCCs will enable new industrial applications, such as corrosion-proof piping for chemical processing. |
| SUKRA HELITEK, INC.
3146, Greenwood road Ames, IA 50014 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(515) 292-8918
Dr. Saeid Niazi ARMY 01-080 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Preliminary Design Tool for Shrouded-Fans |
| Abstract: | Shrouded-fans are an integral part of the U.S. Army's transportation systems. The RAH-66's fan-tail, Sikorsky's Cypher and Micro-Craft's UAV are testimonials to their increasing importance. Shrouded-fans are efficient, but aerodynamically very complex, particularly in non-axial flight conditions such as conversion modes. The viscous characteristics of the flow through the shrouded-fan play an imortant role in the three dimensional moments and forces generated in non-axial flight conditons. This proposal offers to develop an efficient, robust and fast preliminary design tool capable of analyzing the performance and flowfield of shrouded-fans in axial and non-axial flight conditions. The principle parts of the tool are: 1. A viscous solver for shroud conforming grids 2. An efficient rotor model 3. An integral body conforming grid generator In Phase I, viscous flow through a shrouded-fan in non-axial flight conditions, but with fixed shroud orientation, will be computed as proof-of-concept of an efficient design tool. In Phase II, continuous rotation of the shroud about its own axis, such as in conversion modes from hover to forward flight, will be undertaken. The software developed under this initiative will find wide usage in the DOD rotorcraft organizations, rotorcraft industry and NASA. This proposal offers a computational tool that will lay the foundations for true transient wake calculation of a shrouded-fan in axial and non-axial flight conditions. Sukra Helitek's flagship, Rot3DC, is currently used for several flight regimes including vortex ring states. Inclusion of a preliminary design tool for shrouded-fans will further enhance its marketability and usefulness. |
| FAUNCE ENGINEERING
15 Zieglers Lane Hamilton Square, NJ 08690 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 890-7390
Mr. James Faunce ARMY 01-081 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advanced Lightweight, High Capacity Airborne Cargo Handling Winch System |
| Abstract: | We propose to design an innovative modular heavy lift system readily configured and optimized for aircraft/mission requirements. The dual winch system will be capable of lifting up to 22 ton of cargo at 60 ft/min, and stabilize the load for flight. We will identify all possible configurations and evaluate the risks and tradeoffs of each configuration. We will define a preliminary design for a modular prototype that will allow development of major components in parallel. We will investigate the effects the winch system will have on the aircraft. A high capacity helicopter winch system will allow transport of vehicles and supplies without long lines in flight. It will allow aircraft to pick-up and deliver in terrain and situations where it previously could not. Potential commercial applications include transporting lumber and supplies. Potential civil applications include firefighting, and debris removal (storms and earthquakes). |
| JMSI, INC.
1290 Wall St. West, Third Floor Lyndhurst, NJ 07071 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(201) 460-4700
Mr. David E. Edwards ARMY 01-082 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Next Generation Software for Efficient Remote Parallel Visualization of Large-Scale Time-Dependent CFD Data |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to develop easy to use, fast and efficient next generation visualization techniques that utilize client-server architecture, parallel processors and domain knowledge for the analysis and post-processing of large-scale, time dependent, rotorcraft, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) data sets. Large-scale, time-dependent 3D simulations of complex configurations using CFD have become increasingly critical in the design of aircraft, rotorcraft, aerospace vehicles and propulsion systems. As the pace of simulation increases, the sheer volume of numerical data makes it increasingly critical that a stable and easy to operate post-processing/visualization methodology be developed. Technology innovations in this proposed work will focus on robust streakline integration, visualization techniques optimized for rotorcraft grids, high-speed access of data on remote computers and development of an Intelligent Graphical Object (IGO) database for the highly interactive 3D display of transient data including streaklines, streamlines, iso-surfaces, cutting planes, boundary surfaces and vortex cores. These visualization techniques, if fully developed, can have a significant impact on government and industry's ability to post-process large-scale time-dependent CFD simulation data. Large-scale, time-dependent 3D simulations of complex configurations using CFD have becoming increasingly critical in the design of aircraft, rotorcraft, aerospace vehicles and propulsion systems. CFD users in the commercial sector (such as Boeing, Lockheed Martin, Ford Motor Company, Northrop Grumman, Raytheon, Pratt & Whitney, etc.), the Federal Government (Air Force, Navy, Army and NASA) and the National Laboratories are using this technology. These large organizations that make extensive use of CFD analysis have indicated that large-scale unsteady 3D CFD simulations are almost impossible to post-process without huge investments in computer hardware and staffer's time. As the current state-of-the-art in post-processing large-scale time-dependent CFD data does not provide satisfactory performance for these problems, investment in the next generation of such tools is required. The offeror perceives a need in the marketplace to address these issues in a commercial product offering that provides great benefits in usability, performance and data access. The proposed project will enable the offeror to be responsive to the needs of the CFD community. |
| APPLIED SYSTEMS INTELLIGENCE, INC.
11660 Alpharetta Highway Roswell, GA 30076 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 518-4228
Dr. Richard Dunlap ARMY 01-083 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Use of Crew Intent Inferencing to Augment Control of Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles |
| Abstract: | ASI's technology provides distributed, cognitive decision aiding to increase operational effectiveness at reduced manning and skill levels. This framework enables single-operator / multi-vehicle control; real-time situational awareness, and collaboration between manned and unmanned vehicles whether they operate in the air, on the surface, underwater or in space. For this project, ASI's technology will support single operator - multiple vehicle operations, dynamic RPA planning and operate in a COTS environment. This technology is transferable to a broad range of commercial applications including agriculture, turf maintenance, construction, mining, surveillance, manufacturing, and defense. |
| MONTEREY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
24600 Silver Cloud Court, Suite 103 Monterey, CA 93940 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 970-9119
Dr. Patricia A. Lakinsmith ARMY 01-083 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Use of Crew Intent Inferencing to Augment Control of Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles |
| Abstract: | Unmanned aerial vehicles are valuable assets to the Army's scout and attack rotorcraft on the digital battlefield. Intent inferencing is critical for these types of mixed-initiative systems designed to carry out the commander's intent without violating mission constraints or overloading their airborne human supervisors. The Monterey Technologies, Inc. (MTI) team has directly applicable experience designing, building, and evaluating intelligent systems for medical diagnosis, tutoring, and military tactical planning. Our approach will use an agile modeling techniques to rapidly design an RPA and Apache Longbow-compatible intent inferencer that accurately and reliably estimates human operator activities and goals based on pilot actions, mission goals and constraints, and aircraft state, and employs state of the art techniques for resolving uncertainty with minimal operator interruption. Our modeling techniques will allow us to rapidly identify, document, and communicate system requirements and implementation constraints, focusing the majority of design time addressing the context model and the challenge of reasoning under uncertainty. MTI will leverage recent technological advances in KBS development approaches such as Bayesian networks, case based reasoning, and hybrid architectures integrating rule and case-based inferencing. The functionality and portability of our final HLA-compliant intent inferencing system design will be demonstrated on the PRISMS simulation system. This technology will be useful to all domains where multiple unmanned entities (e.g. satellites, UAVs, robots, rovers) carry out dangerous work for humans, such as fire fighting, livestock herding, search and rescue, suspect apprehension, and salvage operations. A scalable and portable intent inferencer will have widespread opportunities for use within the DoD's vision of a system of systems modeling and simulation network |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC.
725 Concord Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Mr. Magn£s Snorrason ARMY 01-084 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Rotorcraft Adaptive Tactical Information Display (RATID) |
| Abstract: | Advances in aircraft and weapon capabilities have led to a dramatic increase in the tempo of tactical situations facing the combat rotorcraft pilot, reducing the pilot's available processing and decision time. Furthermore, technological advances in cockpit displays, sensors, and communications have resulted in an explosion in the quantity and complexity of information available to the pilot. These factors make it increasingly difficult for pilots to effectively use available information; there is too much data and too little time. Poorly designed displays can further exacerbate the problem through excessive labeling, little to no context information, and overcrowding, forcing the pilot to spend additional time on display interpretation. We propose to demonstrate the feasibility of developing a rotorcraft adaptive tactical information display (RATID) for pilots in the digital battlefield. RATID will provide: 1) an automatically generated high-level assessment of the current battlefield and mission situation, based on disparate data sources already available from the helicopter avionics; and 2) a situation-adaptive interface based on this assessment, giving the pilot quick and intuitive access to tactically relevant data. Our approach will support pilot situation awareness (SA) and enhanced performance through intelligent management of tactical display symbology, content, and format. In addition to the system's direct applicability to helicopter avionics (potentially both Army and commercial), the situation awareness, adaptive display, and agent communications algorithms proposed here will enhance a commercial software product currently in development in-house. This product, the Intelligent Agent Toolkit (IAT) will enable developers to specify, design, implement, and validate agent-based systems with a broad range of functionality, and with significantly reduced development resources as compared with home-grown agent-based code development practices now in use. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Information Technologies Div., 20600 Gramercy Plac Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Andrew Kostrzewski ARMY 01-085 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Beyond Line of Sight Video Delivery System |
| Abstract: | Real-time and near-real-time video can dramatically enhance decision making and aid in last minute target confirmation. To accomplish this, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes a new system based on Tunable Data Rate Compression and Communication (TunDRa). This system will for the first time transmit RS-170 and EIA-343A streaming video in full color (10 bits per pixel monochrome or 24 bits per pixel color), full motion (30 frames per second), and high resolution (525 x 700 for EIA-170 and 875 x 1200 for EIA-343A) over 16 to 256 kbps current or emerging tactical communication channels such as AN/PRC-117F and SINCGARS. The proposed system will achieve both high fidelity video compression with minimal artifacts and real-time transmission of video from the platform to the base and control signals from the base to the platform. This technology will include algorithm, software, and hardware development for both encoding and decoding, as well as efficient communication subsystem integration. A key feature of the communication hardware will by dynamic allocation of communication bandwidth based on current channel noise characteristics. Also, we introduce a selectable carrier frequency, tunable within the VHF band from 140 to 350 MHz and in L-band from 800 MHz to 2.4 GHz. The proposed concept can find a wide range of applications in target confirmation, BDI, and BDA. Compact volume and low weight will allow integration of the TDRCC system into munitions and small UAVs and UGVs. |
| SPECTRA RESEARCH, INC.
3085 Woodman Drive, Suite 200 Dayton, OH 45420 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 299-5999
Dr. Ronald G. Riechers, Ph.D. ARMY 01-086 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Computational ElectroMagnetics Analysis Assistant (CEMAA) |
| Abstract: | Simulation and Modeling for Acquisition Requirements and Training (SMART) is the U.S. Army's implementation of the DoD Simulation Based Acquisition (SBA) initiative. SMART's goal is to significantly reduce the time required to develop Future Combat Systems (FCSs) from over 20 years to about 8 years through extensive use of M&S to rapidly analyze design changes. Increasingly, composite materials are replacing metals in the manufacture of FSC vehicle structures. Because composite materials affect the propagation and scattering of electromagnetic energy differently than metals, there is a growing need to rapidly analyze electromagnetic interactions between composite vehicle structures and vehicular mounted antennas. In order to support acquisition objectives, there is a need to improve and integrate Computational Electromagnetic (CEM) M&S tools. Spectra Research, Inc. (S*R) and Riverside Research Institute (RRI) propose to develop an intelligent CEM Analysis Assistant (CEMAA) that integrates/configures CEM codes and guides the user through a CEM analysis. Our approach will leverage the Army's development of a M&S integration architecture, called the Army Research and Development Center (RDEC) Collaborative Biome (CB), to integrate the Army's M&S resources/design analysis. This will make it much easier to integrate new CEM tools developed by DoD and industry into the Army's CEM analysis. Application of the evolving CB technology will integrate Army CEM tools to provide the rapid response required to support DoD goals to reduce the cost and time required to develop future combat systems. As S*R is developing segments of the CB architecture, the CB investment will be leveraged to develop the CEMAA. This effort will also incorporate artificial intelligence capabilities into the CB architecture, which will facilitate application of the CB within the Army and DoD as well as enhance its commercial potential. |
| PREDICTION SYSTEMS, INC.
309 Morris Avenue, Suite G Spring Lake, NJ 07762 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 449-6800
Mr. William C. Cave ARMY 01-087 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Netted Full Spectrum Sensors |
| Abstract: | The overall objective of this proposal is to provide a Netted Full Spectrum Sensor (NFSS) Operations Management System(OMS)that will allow engineering decision- makers to perform tradeoffs in sensor requirements and design parameters, as well as support staff officer decisions in real-time mission planning and execution. To provide full coverage of the MASINT spectrum using and integrated approach, the NSFF system must contain a full suite of state-of-the-art ground based and air delivered multi-intelligence sensors. To ensure that operational sensor taskings and missions are coordinated will require a management system as part of the NFSS. Effective coordination of a fully integrated set of sensors as defined in the solicitation, will require that the NFSS system interact with other planned operational sub- systems, e.g., INTEL, COMM, logistics, etc., as well as the control stations of new and existing sensor systems. PSI has been developing planning and tasking tools to support CINC staff operations, determining information sources, designing system interfaces, and working with the developers of other systems to ensure seamless and timely passage of required information. PSI has developed the embedded simulations that form the heart of these netted tools, and the real-time inputs for operational scenario and other data required to drive the simulations that predict sensor collection outcomes. These simulations are used by the staff officers to determine optimized sets of targets, taskings, and mission plans. These same embedded simulations, and the resulting measures of performance and effectiveness, can be used to produce the design envelopes for the sensors themselves. PSI participates in large commercial projects that can benefit significantly from the capabilities proposed. Specific applicatons include real-time control of large scale information processing and communications systems, operations planning, network planning, dynamic network management and manufacturing processes. |
| SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CORP.
2300 Windy Ridge Parkway, Suite 400 South Atlanta, GA 30339 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 989-9465
Mr. James Thomson ARMY 01-087 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Netted Full Spectrum Sensors |
| Abstract: | The battlefield of the future will be a "digital battlefield" dominated by unmanned air and ground vehicles, precision guided smart weapons, and networked full-spectrum sensor arrays. Measurement and Signals Intelligence (MASINT) micro-sensors will be the "five senses" of future digital battlefields, detecting and tracking friend and foe alike. Maneuver brigade commanders will deploy distributed arrays of micro-sensors containing a range of sensing elements (e.g., chem-bio, acoustic, seismic, magnetic, electro-optical, RF, etc.) for remote sensing, ground surveillance, Signals Intelligence (SIGINT), and Electronic Attack (EA) missions in urban and non-urban terrains. These micro-sensor arrays will be capable of communicating both real-time and historical information to individual soldiers, small units, and higher echelon C4I assets through self-forming wireless networks. The networked sensor arrays will have a flexible architecture; provide full coverage of the MASINT spectrum; be capable of deployment by various means (e.g., manual, robot, air-drop); and will endure long-term, all-weather, unattended deployments while maintaining high reliability and survivability. For this Phase I effort, Scientific Research Corporation (SRC) will define baseline performance and current state-of-the-art for MASINT micro-sensor system elements and design a flexible, open, networked sensor system architecture that includes critical new capabilities, i.e., self-forming wireless networks and sensor auto-configuration. SRC will also investigate the possibility for simultaneous multi-mission applications using the netted full-spectrum sensor system, e.g., by analyzing multi-path reflections of EA and/or network communications emissions to derive situational awareness information. For Phase II, SRC will demonstrate a prototype netted full-spectrum sensor system for tactics and doctrine development and to address issues related to transitioning to Army operational status (Prophet Block IV). In Phase III, SRC will produce deployable networked full-spectrum sensor systems for the Army Prophet program's fusion of SIGINT and MASINT (Block IV) and for commercial applications, such as perimeter intrusion detection systems for industrial sites and airports. |
| CYTERRA CORP.
85 First Avenue Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 926-1911
Mr. Herb Duvoisin ARMY 01-088 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Mine Detection |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to determine whether or not the modeling of buried mines, along with local environment measurements, can ever be used to predict successful IR sensor mine detection. Field experiments have often resulted in outstanding IR imagery of buried mines. Sophisticated detection algorithms have been developed to take advantage of this imagery. What continues to be lacking is a way to predict in-the-field utility so that the IR can be relied on tactically. After a mission it is easy to say one would have done well (or not done well) to use IR. A potential solution problem is the use of thermal models of the buried mine, combined with measurement of the terrain/weather, to predict for a relatively short time (hours or days) when operations should be carried out that rely on or could best benefit from the speed and standoff of IR. Some recent efforts along these lines have shown promise, but no one has yet determined the true feasibility of this approach. Using an instrumented target, terrain, and weather data collection set, this proposal will analyze 5 months of round-the-clock data in an attempt to help answer the IR feasibility question. The global landmine crisis is one of the most pervasive problems facing the world today. It is estimated that there are between 60 and 70 million landmines in the ground in 70 countries. The widespread employment of landmines threatens to neutralize an army's high technical advantages in firepower and mobility; and to degrade humanitarian demining efforts. Landmines maim or kill approximately 26,000 civilians every year, including 10,000 children. The peoples of these largely developing countries that rely on the land for their food and livelihood are affected by the presence of mines in agricultural fields, which renders large tracts of fertile soil unusable. A successful IR sensors approach to mine detection would be applicable across all the platforms proposed for both military and humanitarian demining: airborne, vehicular, and man-portable. In every application the IR could dramatically increase the speed and safety of demining. For man-portable, insertion into the DoD Handheld Standoff Mine Detection System (HSTAMIDS) as part of the scheduled Pre-Planned Product Improvement (P3I) would make thousands of IR sensor units available for buried mine detection to the US Army. The total worldwide IR system sales for demining could approach 60,000 units (as replacements for the extant metal detectors). |
| METROLASER, INC.
18010 Skypark Circle, Suite 100 Irvine, CA 92614 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 553-0688
Dr. Amit Lal ARMY 01-088 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Forward Looking Mine Detection with Laser Doppler Vibrometers |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this work is to develop a system strategy to find buried landmines at distances greater than 5 meters and to demonstrate the feasibility of this system with laboratory experiments. We propose to investigate forward-looking and remote sensing landmine detection techniques based on acoustic and laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) techniques. During the first half of the Phase I effort we will analyze and evaluate several strategies of probing the ground velocity with the LDV system. During the second half, we will conduct laboratory experiments to substantiate the results of the analyses. The research will provide inspectors with a powerful tool for safely detecting the presence of landmines. These concepts also have wide application in the area of non-destructive inspection for the automotive and aerospace industries |
| BCL COMPUTERS
990 Linden Dr., Suite 203 Santa Clara, CA 95050 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 557-2080
Mr. Hassan Alam ARMY 01-089 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Warrior-Centered Knowledge Management |
| Abstract: | BCL proposes to make any electronic document of any format universally accessible to the Mobile Warrior from any electronic device, including handheld Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) using wireless connections. This forms the backbone of a warrior-centered knowledge management system where a mobile warrior can access any information from either proprietary document repositories or from the World Wide Web (WWW). BCL's proposed scheme uses it's proprietary document conversion techniques to build a unique repository of documents where documents of various formats are not only stored in their original format, they are converted to HTML format as well, keeping the layout and information intact. When accessing these documents using a wireless PDA, the HTML documents are summarized using BCL's proprietary document summarization techniques. This summarization produces a Table of Content (TOC) for each page of the document. Depending on interest and relevancy, additional details about the entries in the TOC can be accessed. So depending on whether the documents are accessed via standard computers or PDAs, the documents are either sent as is, as a HTML document or as a summary. The system can also be used for accessing the WWW directly and in this case, each web page is summarized and the summary sent to the PDA. Commercial Applications: [1] Wireless Carriers can package our solution to offer efficient mobile web browsing. [2] Content Providers can include our system to make the content available on an anywhere, anytime, anyway basis. [3] System Integrators deploy our system as in intermediary stage for web access. They can use the toolkit to adapt an existing site in the best way they chose to represent. The toolkit will provide all the functionalities to produce wirelessly accessible websites using a graphical user-friendly tool set. [4] If BCL decides to host the service; end-users can directly subscribe to our system [5] A mobile workforce has to have adequate access to an information bank (IB). IB might provide price points, maintenance instructions or contact details and boost productivity. [6] The output of our system will be adapted to suit specific needs for specific cases. In this case, BCL will undertake research to produce a toolkit to allow customization. Military Applications: With the proliferation of the mobile warrior, there is need for the battlefield soldier to access information from anywhere in the battle filed. The proposed system will allow such access to documents. |
| SEMANDEX NETWORKS, INC.
201 Washington Road Princeton, NJ 08543 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 720-4913
Dr. Maximilian Ott ARMY 01-089 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Warrior-Centered Knowledge Management |
| Abstract: | Semandex Networks is developing an XML Content Routing System, called XML-CRS, that turns data into information by knowing who can make use of it and delivering it securely in real-time. XML-CRS is a network software platform for rapid deployment of real-time content delivery and semantic information services. Semandex's XML-CRS product consists of overlay semantic routers that serve as the network infrastructure, and related API's and middleware for application development. In this Small Business Innovation Research Phase I program, Semandex proposes to develop a prototype warrior-centric application (content-driven instant messaging, CIM) that will significantly enhance warrior effectiveness in battle. Broader application of the technology for a more complete warrior-centric knowledge management system will be considered in future phases of the program. XML-CRS is a dual-use technology that has immediate applications in both military and commercial sectors. The semantic routing network infrastructure we are developing permits development of a variety of applications in which time-critical data must be delivered to individuals or devices who need that information. There are needs for real-time content delivery in various vertical markets including financial, manufacturing, petroleum and corporate enterprise. In all these segments, there is a mass of data being generated but too little information arrives at the right place at the right time. The XML-CRS system has broad applicability to all the market segments mentioned above (in addition to government and military ones) since the product is architected as a generic platform that can be customized by adding middleware and application modules customized to specific needs. Current applications we are targeting include: - Real-time information services in the financial sector - Supply chain management in the manufacturing sector - Collaboration tools for the services and consulting sector - Sensor networks in remote monitoring and control applications (e.g. energy companies) In the long run, our goal is to make Semandex's XML routing a defacto networking standard which would have a mass horizontal market in the data networks and telecom equipment area. |
| INFRARED COMPONENTS CORP.
2306 Bleecker Street Utica, NY 13501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 732-5020
Mr. Jonathan Knauth ARMY 01-090 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Thin Film Resistive Bolometer Semiconductor Materials Development for Uncooled Applications |
| Abstract: | Amorphous Silicon Microbolometers show great promise as a low cost, high performance thermal imaging technology. Their commercial effectiveness can be limited by the time required to attain long term resistance stability. This SBIR is intended to develop a better understanding of the effects of processing on resistivity metastability over time. Realization of a low cost, high performance microbolometer based upon amorphous silicon will be an important factor in establishing broad applications for thermal imaging technology in a variety of market applications. Potential commercial applications of the technology include firefighting, commercial vehicle navigation aides, medical sensing, surveillance and avionics markets. |
| ITN ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC.
8130 Shaffer Pkwy Littleton, CO 80127 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 403-9679
Dr. Russell Hollingsworth ARMY 01-090 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Semiconductor Microbolometer Room Temperature Infrared Detectors |
| Abstract: | ITN Energy Systems, Inc. proposes the development of microbolometer room temperature infrared detectors using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) growth of silicon or silicon germanium alloys. This Phase I contract will see the demonstration of PECVD deposited semiconductors with improved properties for microbolometer applications, especially reduced 1/f noise. Phase I will involve a parametric study of process conditions that yield a wide range of silicon film properties ranging from amorphous to microcrystalline. Additional studies will examine silicon germanium alloys. Silicon micromachining techniques will be used in Phase II to produce sensor elements on an air bridge to enhance the sensitivity. The major goal of the proposed work is the development of room temperature detector arrays for the 3-5 and 8-12 micron wavelength bands. Affordable room temperature infrared detector arrays will have wide applicability in military night vision systems, as well as enabling wide spread civilian applications such as automotive night driving aids, security monitoring, and fire fighting. |
| ATEC, INC.
Myers Building, Suite 4107, 5000 College Avenue College Park, MD 20742 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 403-1744
Dr. John Lawler ARMY 01-091 Selected for Award |
| Title: | An Improved Heat Exchanger and An Oil Separator For CO2 Heat Pumps |
| Abstract: | The U.S. military's Environmental Control Units (ECUs) predominantly operate with halogen-containing refrigerants (CFCs or HCFCs). Since many of these units are nearing the end of their useful lives, an opportunity exits to develop more efficient, cost effective, and easily supportable systems that use natural refrigerants such as CO2. While CO2 systems possess advantages over conventional systems, they also present technical challenges that need to be solved before their wide use in military and commercial applications. Advanced Thermal and Environmental Concepts (ATEC), Inc. in collaboration with ThermaSys Inc. and the University of Maryland propose to develop highly effective oil free heat exchangers that will boost the Coefficient of Performance (COP) of CO2 systems. The proposed effort will consist of two tasks. The first task involves development of a novel, inexpensive, controllable (on-line/on-demand) oil separation unit for separation of oil from CO2. The second task will involve development of innovative micro channel heat exchangers using passive or active heat transfer enhancement techniques. The results of this research will enable the design of cost effective, oil-free heat exchangers that are lighter in weight and smaller in size than the state-of-the-art heat exchangers. Development of high efficiency, oil-free micro channel heat exchangers can substantially boost the Coefficient of Performance (COP) of CO2 systems, increasing its competitive advantage over conventional systems. The results of this research will enable the design of oil-free, cost effective high performance heat exchangers that are lighter in weight and smaller in size than the state-of-the-art heat exchangers. Smaller and lighter-weight heat exchangers not only can benefit the CO2 ECUs substantially, but also are critically needed for various other military and commercial applications, such as the Navy's Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle (AAAV), the Army's M1 battle tank, and various commercial thermal management systems including their use in automotive, refrigeration/HVAC, process, and electronic cooling applications. |
| WHITEMOSS, INC.
1912 Greenbrier Ave. West Lafayette, IN 47906 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(217) 390-1859
Dr. Rodney D. Hugelman ARMY 01-091 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Reversible Heat Pump System |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project is to design, model and demonstrate the feasibility of, a reversible CO2 heat pump system, including an advanced compressor design, which meets military requirements for a 3-ton capacity Environmental Control Unit. The CO2 system will utilize state-of-the-art system components and computer modeling plus a novel compressor, capable of both variable displacement and compression ratio, to operate more efficiently and provide a wider range of operating conditions for heating and cooling than possible with existing HCFC systems, with HFC systems of the future or with current experimental CO2 systems. Successful completion of Phase I will permit design, fabrication and testing of working component and system prototypes in Phase II. Commercial partners will be involved in the project from the beginning and have the capability and interest in producing commercial units for the military and adapting the system for consumer and industrial markets. Successful introduction of CO2 refrigerants into commercial heat pumps is expected to increase the range of operating conditions over which heat pumps will operate, greatly reduce life-cycle costs of such units and eliminate the environmental burden associated with synthetic refrigerants. |
| CUSTOM MANUFACTURING & ENGINEERING, INC.
2904 44th Avenue North St. Petersburg, FL 33714 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(727) 548-0522
Mr. Scott Eiler ARMY 01-092 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advanced Milli-Meter Wave Sensor for Multi-Function Intelligence |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this effort is to develop an unattended man-portable or light-mobile RF sensor system to provide ground forces with the capability to detect, intercept, identify, precision locate, and develop targets of both threat voice and digital communications and non-communications in the millimeter wave frequency radio spectrum. The system will be designed with a wideband scanning capability in frequencies from 20 to 90 GHz. The proliferation of MMW and digital communications and radar systems changes the threats the SIGINT systems must face now and in the future. The rapid development of new technologies requires open systems architecture, adaptable to change. The development of this RF sensor will provide a plug-n-play sensor capability for a MMW SIGINT manpack sensor suitable for SOF via connectivity and compatibility with Silent Warrior/MIRSS. During the Option, CME will develop a system design concept suitable for Prophet Block IV Ground integration and capitalize on electronic mapping, target indicator, GUI situational awareness or other capabilities already developed as part of the lower frequency SIGINT system integration. This MMW SIGINT system will provide the warfighter with a new robust capability to "own the electronic spectrum" and dominate his battle space. Our modular SIGINT system approach will provide Army and SOF with a gapfiller technology for SIGINT/DF in the millimeter wave spectrum. The sensor will significantly enhance the application of electronic warfare support (ES) for intelligence purposes. Commercialization/transition opportunities include Silent Warrior, Prophet Block IV, and FCS technology development. |
| IPITEK
2330 Faraday Avenue Carlsbad, CA 92008 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 930-2220
Dr. David Schaafsma ARMY 01-092 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Fiberoptic/Electro-optic antenna arrays with wide tuning range (PR01-486) |
| Abstract: | We propose to research, design, and develop electric field sensing and signal processing techniques based on our unique all-fiber approach to RF photonics. Previous developments in optical modulator technology (110 GHz, 106 dB electrical SNR, V ~ 8 V) will be applied to making all-fiber receiver antennas and to upgrading our optical millimeter wave synthesis technology (4-60 GHz, 10 ms setting time, 20 Hz linewidth) for use in carrier frequency and signal generation for transmit antennas. Compared with conventional RF photonics using glass or crystalline integrated optic materials, these devices have the potential for much lower excess loss, better optical performance, better power handling, and much lower cost. These systems by themselves already have a large number of commercial and military applications - both in RF photonics and telecommunications. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
655 Aspen Ridge Drive Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Dr. Narasimha Prasad ARMY 01-093 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Laser Communication System with Spatial Tracking for Moving Platforms |
| Abstract: | Coherent Technologies Inc. (CTI) proposes to develop a laser communication system (LCS) coupled with a high-speed pointing and tracking scheme for greater than 1 Gb/s data rate applications in a battlefield environment. The LCS will provide eyesafe operation with an engagement range up to 5 km between two moving platforms. The pointing and tracking unit will be designed to reduce the probability of data link breakdown due to traveling on a rough terrain. The approach will capitalize upon innovative scanner designs developed by CTI for military laser radar systems and the advancing scanning mirror technologies such as Micro-Opto-Electrical-Mechanical Systems (MOEMS). The baseline architecture uses a 1.5-mm transmitter optimally coupled to a micro-mirror assembly. Three potential configurations for tracking in a highly dynamic environment are envisaged. System-level performance analyses will assess the cost effectiveness and field worthiness of competing optical source technologies besides laser diodes. The Phase I effort will, (1) generate system level signal-to-noise ratio assessments for 1.5 micron wavelength data link, (2) establish closed-loop pointing and tracking scheme with link broadcast capability providing maximum covertness, and (3) develop a proof-of-principle prototype and execute risk reduction measurements to ensure technical and cost feasibility for field-worthy hardware implementation in Phase II. Potential applications include ground-to-ground, ground-to-air, sea-to-air mobile communication systems for video broadcast, telecommunication applications, and other data intensive applications that do not rely on two fixed locations. The proposed system is anticipated to enhance troop communications and battlefield awareness and support search and rescue operations. |
| ANCORE CORP.
2950 Patrick Henry Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 961-9708
Dr. Douglas R. Brown ARMY 01-094 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Thermal Neutron Analysis (TNA) Based Mine Detection System - Feasibility Study |
| Abstract: | Thermal Neutron Analysis (TNA) is a non-intrusive detection technique that can specifically detect landmines by measuring the high nitrogen density in the explosives. This technique is well suited for a confirmatory sensor that can work in conjunction with existing anomaly mine detection sensors, which have high false alarm rates. The proposed Phase 1 program will use an electronic neutron generator (ENG) in an experimental and engineering trade-off study to determine the best sensors for the mine detection problem. The measure of performance will be the signal-to-noise level obtainable within the time budget allotted for a confirmatory sensor that is derived from the overall US Army goals for mine clearing. High-efficiency and medium-resolution sodium iodide (NaI(Tl)) scintillators, and lower-efficiency and high-resolution hyper-pure germanium (HPGe) solid-state detectors will be compared. Measurements will be made using a laboratory "sandbox" with buried (simulated) mines of different sizes and a modified TNA measurement system. From the data taken, an extrapolation of the performance (Probability of Detection (PD)/Probability of False Alarm (PFA)) for a field system will be made. The results will be documented in a final report. If the feasibility study is successful, a Phase 2 program to build and field-test a prototype, will be proposed. The TNA based mine detection sensor has a unique ability to detect the presence of all high explosives used in present day mines. It can be used as a confirmatory sensor in conjunction with presently used primary sensors that are based on non-specific, anomaly detection. Successful demonstration of its feasibility in the Phase 1 program should lead to a Phase 2 program to build and test a field prototype. Thereafter, if adopted by the US Army, production models will be engineered to meet mission requirements. The technology has application to humanitarian demining, and UXO detection and confirmation, along with explosive detection for other security applications. |
| DYNAMICS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
21311 Hawthorne Blvd., Suite 300 Torrance, CA 90503 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 841-0990
Dr. G. Minot Clements ARMY 01-094 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Associated Particle Imaging Mine Detection System |
| Abstract: | Dynamics Technology, Inc. (DTI) and the Dept. of Energy, Special Technologies Laboratory (STL) will develop a vehicle mounted, explosives specific, mine detection system based on Associated Particle Imaging (API) technology, which can be used as a high performance confirmatory sensor with other sensors, and potentially as a stand-alone sensor for some applications. The system builds on a decade of research by STL and DTI (including explosives identification demonstration), current government-sponsored R&D for similar API applications, and key progress in commercial components that supports rugged cost-effective systems development. Associated particle imaging is a neutron imaging technique that is particularly well-suited to mine detection/identification because of its unique capability to provide: (1) high resolution 3-D imagery to greatly enhance clutter suppression and improve material identification; and (2) maximum penetration and SNR from high energy neutrons. In Phase I, DTI and STL will perform laboratory measurements and analysis to demonstrate explosive-specific detection capability at the scales of interest in representative clutter, and we will characterize key performance figures of merit needed to assess tactical utility and establish Phase II prototype development requirements. In Phase II, we will develop and demonstrate a prototype mine detection sensor. The proposed effort will resolve a current need to reduce the large false alarm rate associated with existing wide-area search sensors. In particular, the proposed API mine detection/identification system will provide a combination of penetration, spatial resolution, and material identification unmatched by other approaches. Operationally, it will provide a means for rapidly and unambiguously identifying explosives with a high Pd and low FAR. |
| HIENERGY MICRODEVICES
10 Mauchly Drive Irvine, CA 92618 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 727-3389
Dr. Bogdan C. Maglich ARMY 01-094 Selected for Award |
| Title: | SuperSensor |
| Abstract: Abstract not available... | |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 941-0495
Dr. William Schwarz ARMY 01-094 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Explosive-Specific Mine Detection Using Nuclear Technologies for Countermine Applications |
| Abstract: | Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop a real-time nuclear detection system for explosives in mines. Mounted on a vehicular platform, this mine detection sensor will be capable of supporting tactical countermine operations as a confirmatory or even primary sensor system. The advanced mine detection technique will be based on an advantageous combination of pulsed thermal neutron analysis (PTNA) and fast neutron analysis (FNA) to detect explosive-specific signatures in mines with high sensitivity and low background in real time. The development of this sensor system will employ high-resolution gamma-ray detectors and result in performance characteristics providing low false-alarm rate. In Phase I, we will demonstrate a proof-of-concept system in the laboratory, optimize the sensor operating parameters under various conditions, and determine the most suitable design configuration for the Phase II prototype. The goal for the subsequent Phase II will be to build the prototype sensor system and demonstrate its performance in field tests. Potential commercial uses of this real-time nuclear sensor technology include the improved detection of explosives and chemical warfare agents at borders, in airports, and for arms control treaty verification. Real-time screening for smuggled drugs in law enforcement operations is another potential application with a commercial market. |
| MTL SYSTEMS, INC.
3481 Dayton-Xenia Rd. Dayton, OH 45432 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 426-3111
Mr. R.K. Hill ARMY 01-095 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Position Displacement Sensor |
| Abstract: | MTL Systems, Inc. presents a unique and commercially-viable solution for a position displacement sensor. Our approach employs an innovative, new methodology which processes signals from inexpensive and rugged monochrome video cameras, and produces accurate measures of relative motion, location, and object velocity. The technique uses fast, accurate image characterization algorithms MTL has recently developed for automatic image registration and change detection, under a National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) project. The Phase I Objectives are (1) Define Requirements, to lay the groundwork for testing feasibility and to produce a preliminary requirements specification, (2) Implement, Test, and Assess position displacement sensor concepts, to evaluate, and demonstrate a prototype, and to determine functional feasibility, (3) Produce a Preliminary Design, to refine and supplement the prototype to become a preliminary design for Phase II, and (4) Assess Commercialization Potential, to determine market potential, and produce a preliminary commercialization (product) plan. The Phase I results will be (a) experimental test and analysis results forming the feasibility assessment, (b) a Phase II preliminary design, (c) an initial product plan, and (d) a prototype demonstration, to explicitly demonstrate feasibility to the Army. The ability to automatically and accurately track location, motion, and speed in a surrounding environment, independent of the particular environment features, is of great importance to government and commercial enterprises alike. Human and vehicular navigation systems can facilitate many commercial and recreational endeavors, as well as military operations. A significant opportunity is a completely passive, undetectable vehicle speed detector. which could replace expensive radar or laser speed detectors with a low-cost alternative. |
| TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
1313 A North Vinton Road Anthony, TX 79821 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(915) 886-2478
Mr. William Oseles ARMY 01-096 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Integrated Remote Battlefield Surveillance System (REMBASS) - AN/PPS-5D Man Machine Interface |
| Abstract: | The objective in Phase I will be to develop a Universal Ground Surveillance Controller (UGSC) that is in compliance with the JTA Appendix F, and the Weapon System Technical Architecture Working Group guidance. The UGSC will be fully integrated with FBCB2 to be designed such that the integration of additonal sensor suites can be performed in a cost effective and timely manner. The development of the UGSC will be based upon TSI's existing controller architecture, expended to meet UGSC specific requirements, and will leverage existing components and other ongoing programs. Military use of the application could signficantly enhance mission performance by co-locating surveillance tasks, reducing the "footprint" in the TOC, by providing a consistent "look and feel" in a control station, reduce training requiremnts, provide a system easier to upgrade and add capabilities to. Commercial application of the effort would provide a baseline system for the integration of multiple sensor suite combined with the ability to fuse information from multiple sources that will enhance situational awareness and confidence of the "correctness" of the displayed data. |
| BROADATA COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
2545 W. 237th Street, Suite K Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-1416
Dr. Freddie Lin ARMY 01-097 Selected for Award |
| Title: | StarWebT Optical Network Infrastructure |
| Abstract: | The Army needs a new generation of optical network architecture, and its associated technologies, to support its future tactical network applications. This new optical network architecture has to accommodate various transmission media such as copper (twisted pairs or coaxial cables), RF/microwave, free space optical transmission, and fiber optic networks. To address these requirements, Broadata Communications, Inc. (BCI) has been developing a patented StarWebTM optical networking architecture and its associated patented technologies. In this project, BCI proposes to develop this StarWebTM technology specifically for the Army's tactical network applications and environment. The StarWebTM creates a unified, low cost, physical optical network infrastructure that seamlessly combines campus intranet, regional access, and metropolitan backbone networks as one single integrated network for a wide variety of QoS (quality of service) multimedia data communication, processing, and service applications. In addition, the StarWebTM provides clear-channel connectivity for diverse TDM based voice and IP based data traffic, military based tactical radio equipment, as well as native, real-time, analog and digital audio/video delivery. The overall goal of this project is to demonstrate the performance and potential of the proposed StarWebTM technology for the Army's tactical network applications. In addition to the Army's tactical network applications, this technology is also applicable to many military real time sensor data collection/processing operations, Global Grid, and mission critical C3I network applications. The proposed technology is applicable to any commercial network applications including, but not limited to, metropolitan optical access networks, fiber-to-the-business networks, digital audio/video entertainment/broadcast networks, integrated enterprise campus networks, videoconferencing, real time video surveillance, multimedia data storage/distribution, and mission critical commerce transaction. |
| DIGITAL OPTICS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
500 Old West Road Randolph, MA 02368 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 344-5447
Dr. Selim M. Shahriar ARMY 01-097 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ultra High Channel Capacity Optical Network Utilizing Holographic Wave Division Multiplexing Technology |
| Abstract: | The proposed program is for the design of a comprehensive optical networking architecture, network topology, software and holographic hardware modules that can be implemented to interconnect and integrate the diverse communications networks serving the U.S. Army's Tactical operations and designated supporting DOD organizations and to develop high capacity Dense Wave Division Multiplexing system that will be the basic component of the design. We propose to develop a multi-gigabit networking architecture that will be based on optical technology utilizing holographic super dense wave division multiplexing that can be applied to fiber based cable systems as well as over-the-air optical links. We will model a high optical channel DWDM system that utilizes three cascaded stages, populated with 30 channels. Capabilities based on optical component research of holographic beam combining technologies. The design will focus on the integration of diverse communications systems that have been designed for applications that are specific to the tactical missions of the Army, as well as commercial or modified commercial systems that have been built to Army specifications. The system will also enable the Army to smoothly move from circuit based switched networks to packet based voice and data networks. The proposed high bandwidth optical network provides the ability to communicate between diverse systems at data rates not now available from commercial sources. The holographic based DWDM systems allow the development of several thousand channels of several gigabits per second each. The research will result in improving commercial networks to provide interactive video, gigabit Internet and in-the-home video conferencing. |
| MICROCOATING TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
5315 Peachtree Industrial Blvd Atlanta, GA 30341 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(678) 287-3940
Dr. Yibin Xue ARMY 01-098 Selected for Award |
| Title: | MicroTesting System for Thermal-Mechanical Properties and Interfacial Strength of Micron-Plus Scale Components in Infrared Devices |
| Abstract: | MicroCoating Technologies, in collaboration with the Georgia Institute of Technology, proposes to develop a micro-thermal-mechanical testing system to characterize the structural integrity of components in infrared imaging detectors. Properties including thin film elastic modulus and interfacial fracture toughness between the thin film and substrate will be measured with the proposed new micron scale testing system (MicroTester). In this MicroTester, loading is implemented on inch-scale specimens and deformations are measured on the regions of interests (ROI) of a micron-plus scale, which ensures high precision in loading control and high accuracy in deformation measurement. Local deformation analysis on ROI is conducted with the application of the image analysis program in microDAC, a deformation measurement method based on correlation image processing algorithm. The key feature of the MicroTester is that it enables direct observation and analysis at the evolutions of nano-scale irregular defects. This will facilitate the fundamental understanding of the mechanism of debonding, a major failure state of infrared detectors. With the introduction of Atomic Force Microscope to evaluate the vertical displacement, the MicroTester can be used to monitor the defect evolution process from the top-view of the wafer, which makes it possible to evaluate the mechanical reliability of the infrared detectors. The Phase I research will demonstrate the design and fabrication of the MicroTester. Interfacial toughness of thin film and substrate structure in infrared detectors and the interfacial crack resistant curve will be evaluated. A loading stage and loading control program, and a failure analysis program for infrared detectors will be delivered. The MicroTester is designed to study the interfacial toughness of components in infrared detectors to fulfill the demand of miniaturization on devices. As the miniaturization of devices progress in electronic and Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS), more and more components fail by irregular defects. Hence the reliability assurance will be in huge demand. In general, this MicroTester can be modified to study most of the components composed of thin film layers in electronic and optical devices and MEMS. This MicroTester will be the quality-insurance for next generation devices. |
| RESEARCH NETWORK, INC.
361 Timber Way E Marietta, GA 30066 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(678) 354-7501
Mr. James A Saffold ARMY 01-099 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Photogrammetric Camera For Rapid Prototyping |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes an Electromagnetically-Accurate Photogrammetric Camera for assimilation of structural object data from a variety of sources. The system consists of a multi-spectral data capture unit, novel artificial intelligence (AI) and sensor/data fusion processes for object geometry and materials characterization, and a standard interface for 3-D model file downloads. The sensors addressed include acoustic, seismic, radar, ladar, video, and electro-optical. This sensor technology is based on low-cost designs which are in use in today's markets for short range application. Primary anticipated benefits include: 1) minimization of development cycle and product improvement risks for commercial and defense surveillance systems. Alternate benefits include 1) Rapid Model Prototyping, 2) personnel monitoring, 3) site surveillance, 4) Target Identification, 5) Non-LOS detection, and 6) Remote sensing. |
| PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP.
8809 Sudley Road, Suite 101 Manassas, VA 20110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 368-6107
Mr. Seibert Murphy ARMY 01-100 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Acoustic Canopy MASINT System (ACMS) |
| Abstract: | Increasing performance of signal processing capabilities, sensors, communications links, and unmanned autonomous aircraft (UAVs) make possible a long range, highly accurate, expendable sensor field which allows precision targeting without risk of personnel loss.Acoustic detection in Antisubmarine Warfare (ASW) has relied on expendable directional sensors since the 1950's. This is a DIFAR (Directional Frequency Analysis and Recording ) sensor, comprises omnidirectional and orthogonal cosine acoustic sense elements. This unit is effectively a point array sensor and capable of unambiguous bearing. Progeny Systems proposes to use its unique expertise in DIFAR sensors, digital communications, and algorithms adapted from the ASW community to enhance the probability of detection, localization and classification of targets using acoustic sensors deployed in the tree canopy. This Phase I one study will investigate technologies and provide candidate solutions that address the needs of ACMS. The Phase I Option will present methods to develop a prototype proof of concepts platform. Progeny Systems is a systems integrator for the Submarine Advanced Processing Builds (APB) and the Advanced Undersea Warfare Concepts (AUSWC) that apply across all US Navy participating USW platforms. As such we anticipate to leverage expertise in systems analysis and integration with knowledge gained under this effort to develop more effective reconnaissance and monitoring systems for the joint battlefield commander and participants. Additionally Progeny will apply applicable knowledge gained under this effort to developing solutions for commercial use of spaced microphones such as in recording and sound reinforcement systems. |
| SENTECH, INC.
38 Montvale Ave, Suite G-80 Stoneham, MA 02180 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 279-9871
Dr. George P Succi ARMY 01-100 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Acoustic Canopy MASINT System (ACMS) |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a state of the art vehicle and personnel location and tracking system for operation in densely forested terrain without exposing ground troops to compromise. This goal will be accomplished with an array of miniature acoustic sensors dispersed from an unmanned aerial vehicle, which hang from the trees and use power generated from solar cell arrays embedded in the retarding parachutes to detect, classify, track and transmit this information to command centers. The objective is to develop criteria for design of a solar charging parachute, and secondarily to adapt SenTech's existing 40 mm diameter acoustic-seismic transducer to this application. This sensor is fired from a standard 40 mm grenade launcher on a ballistic trajectory of hundreds of yards, extends microphones on outrigger legs, and operates after hard impact with the ground. This sensor assembly consists of a 5 element microphone array, magnetic heading module, radio transmitter, and embedded processor employing algorithms that estimate the bearing and angular rate of moving targets as well as classifying the target type based on acoustic spectra or seismic signal characteristics. The sensor detects vehicles and personnel. Any area that must be monitored for foot and vehicle traffic benefits from use of this sensor. Possible applications include surveillance of airports and border surveillance. |
| STAR-H CORP.
1853 William Penn Way, PO Box 10368 Lancaster, PA 17605 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(717) 394-1981
Mr. G. Yale Eastman ARMY 01-101 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Low Profile Near Vertical Incident Skywave (NVIS) High Frequency (HF) Vehicle Antenna |
| Abstract: | STAR-H proposes to develop for the Army an antenna with a radiation pattern uniquely suited for NVIS operation. The proposed program consists of three tasks: Survey of Potential Antenna Designs, Modeling of Candidate Antenna Geometries and Reporting. A specific, novel antenna concept is described, which has the potential to meet the Army's requirements. As a result of pre-proposal modeling, there is a high degree of assurance that the Army's NVIS requirements can be met with a practical, highly efficient antenna. Non-military applications may include communications with helicopters and airplanes during forest fire fighting and a range of military and naval uses. |
| NANOSCIENCES CORP.
115 Hurley Road, Bldg. #3 Oxford, CT 06478 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 267-4440
Dr. Charles P. Beetz ARMY 01-102 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of Advanced Technologies for Fabrication of Microchannel Plates (MCPs) |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovative Research Phase I project aims to develop novel micromachined/microfabricated (mf) silicon based microchannel plate electron amplifiers for use in image intensification. The proposed channel plate structures are made feasible by NanoSciences high rate silicon etching process which enables a cost effective approach. Advances in MCP technology based on silicon micromachining techniques offer the opportunity for previously unreachable performance in image intensification applications, to the extent that a new generation of devices would be spawned. These performance improvements would be under all light conditions with improved visual fidelity (MTF), as well as bright light conditions by halo mitigation and at low light conditions by improvement in SNR. Devices based on this technology such as NVG, ICCD, and other sensors based on electron amplification would benefit. The Phase I project will demonstrate the feasibility of the microfabricated Si-mf-MCP. Phase II program will focus on fabrication, test and evaluation of prototype Si-mf-MCP?s in Gen 4 intensifiers. The major commercial applications for these new Si-mf-MCP?s will be in lower cost image intensifiers for law enforcement, security applications, visual aids for night blindness as well as biomedical instrumentation for imaging applications such as gene sequencing, protein analysis, and medical instrumentation such as replacements for photomultiplier tubes in gamma cameras. |
| AUTOMOTIVE RESOURCES, INC.
1926 Industrial Dr. Sandpoint, ID 83864 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(208) 265-2723
Mr. Mark A. Cherry ARMY 01-103 Selected for Award |
| Title: | 1 kW Man-portable Hybrid-Electric Power System using Catalytic Fuel Ignition Technology |
| Abstract: | Work is proposed to demonstrate the feasibility of a catalytic ignition system that can be retrofitted to a light-weight, silent-running, 1 kW generator, allowing it to be satisfactorily operated on heavy fuels such as diesel and JP-8. Genset modifications will be closely allied to catalytic igniter technology pioneered by Automotive Resources Incorporated that enables alternative fuel combustion in other small engine, vehicle, and aviation systems. The resulting product will be tested for acceptable fuel economy and noise emissions in military applications. Performance testing will include baseline testing with a 1 kW genset prior to engine conversion. A Phase I option is included to address issues of cold-start, long-term durability, and mass production. Both the military and private sector commercial market for lightweight heavy fuel engines is large and immediate. Military applications, both domestic and foreign, literally cover the entire spectrum of small engine applications. There exists a tremendous opportunity overseas for inexpensive diesel burning engines. There is a price difference paradox between diesel and gasoline fuel versus diesel and piston engines. While diesel fuel is less priced than gasoline, a diesel engine is typically higher priced as compared to a gasoline engine. The application of the SmartPlug,ú ignition system in a lightweight heavy fuel engine would solve this dilemma, providing an inexpensive engine using a lower priced and readily available fuel. In addition, the construction industry would benefit greatly from many of the advantages of a lightweight heavy fuel engine. This would be especially when working out in the field away from a readily available electrical power source. Also, there is a comercial market for multi-fueled small gensets in industries like leisure boating, hunting and fishing, emergency response centers, etc. |
| EDTEK, INC.
7082 S 220th street kent, WA 98032 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(253) 395-8084
Mr. Mark D. Morgan ARMY 01-103 Selected for Award |
| Title: | 1 kW Man-portable Hybrid-Electric Power System using Catalytic Fuel Ignition Technology |
| Abstract: | EDTEK proposes a program to develop and validate a conceptual design for a prototype, man-portable, 1 kW multi-fuel thermophotovoltaic (TPV) generator suitable for battlefield use. This program addresses both the problems of weight reduction to allow the generator to be man-portable and low thermal and RFI/EFI signatures reducing the possibility of field detection. The proposed TPV technology uses low-bandgap photovoltaic cells to convert radiant energy from relatively low temperatures heat sources to electricity. The EDTEK TPV approach uses a unique infrared bandpass filter to conserve energy in he system and allows fuel-to-electric effieiencies of >15% to be attained. The TPV generator weight can also be substantially lower than conventional generators. In 2000 EDTEK demonstated to the DARPA and U.S. Army CECOM a testbed diesel fueled TPV generator designed to produce 500W of electricity. The unoptimized testbed unit weighed 27 lbs before packaging. Based on the testbed results it appears that a 1 kW unit weighing less than 50 lbs can easily be achieved. With the successful implementation of the proposed improvements, a highly portable, ultra-lightweight 1 kW generator weighing about 20 lbs is feasible at a cost low enough to compete in commercial markets. The result of the proposed effort will be the conceptual design for a man-portable, lightweight, low detection, 1 kW generator whose cost will be competitive in commercial markets. This generator will have applications in military field operations, commercial and institutional power requirements, home and remote power needs, and power for recreational vehicles (land and marine). |
| SPECTRA RESEARCH, INC.
3085 Woodman Drive, Suite 200 Dayton, OH 45420 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 299-5999
Dr. Ronald G. Riechers, Ph.D. ARMY 01-104 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Sensor and Payload Evaluation Process |
| Abstract: | Recent developments have led the services to consider the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and/or unmanned ground systems(UGS) to perform tasks that previously performed by military personnel. Reductions in force levels have made it necessary to keep available forces, "out of harm's way" and the unmanned vehicle or unattended sensor offers the solution. Recent advances in technology have permitted size, weight, cost and volume reductions on a scale that makes the use of these devices practical. Payload assessment for cost effectiveness is critical since the likely outcome of using these devices is their ultimate destruction after relaying the collected information. Spectra Research, Inc. and Veridian Engineering propose to leverage the results of an ongoing study funded by DARPA to provide a payload analysis capability to the U.S. Army. The effort will provide an assessment of the requirements for such payloads, the threat to them, and development of a set of analytical tools to perform the trade studies needed to determine the cost effectiveness, reliability, and feasibility of a given payload. The benefit to military analysts is clear, the most effective payload for the mission. An "engineering toolbox" containing the necessary scripts to perform such trades clearly offers the ability to review many scenarios and understand the impact of a particular parameter on the outcome of a mission. An obvious commercial application is in the US Forest Service for use in detection of and fighting of forest fires. The payload will be significantly simpler than that for military application, and the technology of employing unattended ground sensors for monitoring the forest conditions will prove useful. |
| ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
9971 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 829-5864
Mr. Jordan C. Bonney ARMY 01-105 Selected for Award |
| Title: | PAHR: Power-aware Ad Hoc Routing for Microsensor Networks |
| Abstract: | This proposal suggests an ad hoc routing algorithm that minimizes power consumption due to data transmission (and reception) of the individual nodes of a microsensor network. The PAHR algorithm borrows from the existing body of research into general-purpose ad hoc routing algorithms as well as special-purpose routing algorithms designed to extend battery-powered-network longevity. During the Phase I the PAHR algorithm will evolve from its current concept stage to a formal description, and modeling and simulation will be performed to validate the algorithm's utility. The PAHR algorithm has the potential to significantly extend the lifetime of any network whose nodes are battery powered but not particularly mobile. While remote-sensing applications are the most-obvious application, any ad hoc, battery-powered enviornment where the nodes are randomly placed once, but not moved, could benefit from the technology. |
| NOVA ENGINEERING, INC.
5 Circle Freeway Drive Cincinnati, OH 45246 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(513) 642-3130
Ray O'Connell ARMY 01-105 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Sensor Networks |
| Abstract: | The U.S. Army requires a novel protocol to route data in sensor networks for the Future Combat System (FCS). Current protocols, and those in development, are either suited for Ad Hoc networks or energy efficient systems but not both. Nova's proposed protocol will combine the features of a fully distributed Ad Hoc routing algorithm with the techniques found in finite energy communications systems. The result is a networking protocol that allows the Army to reliably deploy arrays of self-organizing sensor networks in an energy efficient manner in hostile environments, thereby meeting system mission life objectives.In this Phase I effort, the energy efficient Ad Hoc routing protocols and methods most applicable to the sensor network environment will be evaluated. The routing protocol models will be adapted to contain energy monitoring metrics, applicable sensor network traffic/mobility patterns, and a deployable system configuration description. The data published in the technical reports in Phase I will allow the selection of the routing methods to be put into practice in the implementation phase. Nova's prior experience in the development of wireless mobile Ad Hoc network devices and low power RF sensor nodes will be leveraged to guarantee a successful program. Deployable sensor arrays which collect information often in areas, which are hostile to humans, and connecting that information stream to the Internet is an expanding requirement that will be satisfied via Nova's routing solution. Applications involving detection of various hazardous conditions by air-deployed sensors would immediately benefit from the network protocol developed |
| SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CORP.
2300 Windy Ridge Parkway, Suite 400 South Atlanta, GA 30339 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 989-9551
Dr. Peter Sholander ARMY 01-105 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Energy Efficient Routing and Networking in DoD Sensor Networks |
| Abstract: | The Army's Future Combat System (FCS) will include a distributed network-centric communications system that will link small-unit Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), robotic sensors, unattended ground-sensors, robotic "direct-fire" assets, robotic "indirect-fire" assets, and advanced C2-capable Troop carriers. FCS will allow U.S. soldiers to dominate a large battlespace while minimizing their causalities and collateral civilian damage. FCS will use remote unattended sensors for target identification, perimeter defense, and tele-operation of robotic fires vehicles in hostile environments. Since those sensors may be air-dropped, arm-launched or deployed via artillery, they must self organize into highly-adaptive ad hoc networks that can operate on self-contained power for up to 60 days. As such, this SBIR will focus on the development of a highly energy-efficient routing protocol that is applicable to sensor networks within FCS. However, SRC's Phase 1 effort will also consider energy-efficient networking techniques at other protocol layers such as the application and Media Access Control (MAC) layers. SRC's proposed effort will leverage our existing work on ad hoc routing for DARPA and Air Force Research Lab (AFRL) and our microsensor projects for the Office of Secretary of Defense (OSD). SRC's existing software for MANET routing and wireless networking has found extensive interest at DARPA, AFRL, the Army's Simulation, Training and Instrumentation Command (STRICOM), the Special Operations Command (SOCOM), and the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD). The additional technologies developed in Phase II and Phase III of this SBIR will target the energy-efficiency requirements of the Army's Future Combat System (FCS). However, those technologies can provide collateral benefits for other ongoing DoD projects such as DARPA's Airborne Communications Node (ACN), the Army's Multifunctional On-the-Move Secure Adaptive Integrated Communications (MOSAIC) Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration (ACTD), the Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS), and the Special Operations Command's (SOCOM's) Joint Threat Warning System (JTWS). |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Dr. R. Daniel Ferguson ARMY 01-106 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Autonomous Extended Depth of Field for Imaging Sensors |
| Abstract: | Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop a closed loop focus control system based upon interactions of the human visual system with a novel NVD optical design. The common feature of existing auto-focus systems is that they depend directly in some way on some information contained in the scene being imaged. The proposed control system uses a key parameter needed to control focus which is totally independent of the visual scene, which renders it insensitive to background clutter. In Phase I, PSI proposes to use this visual property to extract focus control commands directly from the operator's eyes themselves to produce an accommodating night vision device (ANVD). With the needed focus range and speed, the proposed focus control approach becomes a simple electro-optical extension of the human visual fixation reflex, without compromising image quality or covert operation. This capability would constitute a revolutionary advance in the man-machine interface for defense NVD systems to bring any target to focus, all the operator need do is look at it. Compact, low-cost, sensor technology will be designed and demonstrated in the proposed Phase I Program to prove feasibility. The military and civilian applications of night vision systems represent a large market. The proposed focus control approach will significantly enhance performance of man-portable binocular devices, from aviator's heads up displays to hand-held and helmet-mounted NVDs, with minimal impact upon weight and power. |
| BELTRAN, INC.
1133 EAST 35TH STREET BROOKLYN, NY 11210 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(718) 377-0227
Dr. Alexander Tishin ARMY 01-107 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advanced Magnetic Metamaterials |
| Abstract: | The essential problem that arises when developing hybrid excitation machines or alternators is the creation of advanced nanocomposite magnetic materials. The problem can be overcome by utilizing new nano-structured soft/permanent magnetic materials with the required magnetic, thermal and elastic properties. The real advance in this direction is the creation of new functional matrices and the use of novel principles for the fabrication of nano-sized incorporated elements. One of the possible ways to progress in this field is to utilize magnetic nano-particles in new matrices such as polyethylene and ceramics. The suitable properties of these materials, which would operate under such hazardous environmental conditions as high and low temperatures, mechanical shock, humidity, etc., as a result of the bonding or sintering of nano-particles will open up the possibility of using these materials as a part of the Army's hybrid excitation machines/alternators. The brittleness that limits the area of potential application of ceramics can be overcome by reducing the particle sizes to nano-meter levels. Beltran proposes to utilize magnetic materials in the form of nano-particles incorporated in thermostable polyethylene or ceramic matrices. The proposed concept should improve active control, increase the operating temperature and prevent aging. The main technical objectives of the Phase I effort are to develop a new approach to improve the magnetic, thermal, elastic and aging properties of permanent magnets. New methods of introducing nano-sized particles of magnetic materials into thermally stable matrices will be created. Advanced magnetic and thermal properties will be demonstrated utilizing prototypes of the magnetic material. The anticipated benefits are: The creation of a novel technology that provides rather large versatility (variations in chemical procedure, nano-particle control, tailored size control, narrow size distribution, variation in processing, sequential routes). The anticipated benefits of the high performance magnets will include: power density, efficiency, compactness, reduced complexity/higher reliability, reduced costs. Other possible benefits are: improved rotor system stability, lowering of total weight of ground and air/space platforms, new nano-scaled magnetic material; improved aging properties and minimal electrical loss; possibility to machine without cracking or breaking; possibility to use special coatings in order to prevent corrosion and improve durability; possibility to develop this technology approach for other technical needs; Potential commercial applications are the fabrication of, for example, magnet bearing systems, brushless dc motors and actuators, cordless tools for powerful robots, turbo-vacuum pumps, novel nano-particle-based magnetic materials for microelectronics, an artificial heart and magneto-electronics components. Potential DOD applications of improved permanent magnets are also ship propulsion motors 10-50 kHp, HEV wheel motors 50-500 Hp, UUV propulsion, torpedo propulsion, auxiliary motors, levitated trains, aircraft carrier catapult and arresting gear, magnetic bearings and magnetic refrigerators |
| HITTITE MICROWAVE CORP.
12 Elizabeth Drive Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-3343
Mr. Michael Koechlin ARMY 01-108 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Miniaturized Multi-channel Tuners/Receivers for Tactical Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (TUAV) Applications |
| Abstract: | Proposed here is a synthesizer for a wide bandwidth 0.02 to 40 GHz Receiver capable of converting the 40 GHz spectrum to baseband in one GHz increments. This novel architecture requires a minimum number of synthesized frequencies to accomplish the conversion. The architecture also minimizes internally generated spurious and spurious resulting from image band interfering signals. Two alternate synthesizer architectures will be evaluated as part of this phase one contract, direct and indirect. A selection will be made based on relative performance compared with requirements. The direct synthesizer approach offers the ultimate in speed and phase noise performance but comes at the expense of power consumption and size. The indirect approach compromises speed and noise performance for much smaller size and power consumption. Another factor, which will be investigated, is the best choice for the Master Oscillator. This is another area where power consumption, size and complexity can be traded for performance. Components developed on a Phase II follow on program would be various components for commercial and military synthesizer applications such as: Low Noise MMIC VCOs, Phase-Frequency Detectors, Phase Locked Loop ICs, Low noise Prescalers, Phase Locked Oscillators |
| Q-DOT, INC.
1069 Elkton Drive Colorado Springs, CO 80907 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 590-1112
Mr. Michael E. Harrell ARMY 01-108 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Multi-Channel, Wideband, 4-40 GHz Tuner for TUAV SIGINT in SiGe (9603) |
| Abstract: | Q-DOT proposes to develop a Multi-channel, wideband, 4-40 GHz tuner for TUAV SIGINT Payload in advanced, 210 GHz SiGe. The TUAV platform demands small size and low power consumption. IBM's 8T SiGe BiCMOS process has been developed around its recently demonstrated 210 GHz HBT. The 8T BiCMOS process enables the integration of the multi-channel receiver on a single, silicon chip at low cost and with low power consumption. Heretofore, 4-40 GHz circuitry required expensive, high-power, hybrid circuits comprised of discrete GaAs chips. Phase I will result in a preliminary design of a highly integrated, multi-channel 4-40 GHz Tuner. Under the option, one (or more), of the critical subcircuits will be conceptually designed in the 8T BiCMOS process to assess its performance. Key subcircuits will be built in Phase II leading to the development of the complete Tuner under Phase III. Cost, size and power will all be reduced by realizing the 4-40 GHz multi-channel Tuner in advanced SiGe BiCMOS technology in place of hybrid circuit built with GaAs chips. Commercial markets include broadband communications, satellite communications and broadband, wireless networks. |
| SHARED SPECTRUM CO.
8012 Birnam Wood Drive McLean, VA 22102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 761-2818
Dr. Mark McHenry ARMY 01-108 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A High Dynamic Range Tuner for Tactical Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (TUAV) |
| Abstract: | Shared Spectrum Company and Synergy Microwave Company propose to design a low power, low cost tuner with very high dynamic range and low noise figure for small tactical UAV SIGINT applications. The focus of the project is the design of an innovative high intercept point mixer and a preamplifier with very low noise and high dynamic range. Both will cover the frequency range of HF to 6 GHz. The tuner will have a very high input third order intercept point and a low noise figure from HF to 6 GHz, that will provide an 85 dB spurious free dynamic range (10 MHz bandwidth), which is at least 10 dB better than any receiver in the world covering this frequency range. By using a modular down converter, the tuner's range will be extended to 18 GHz, but with reduced performance. The prime power requirements for a four-channel system will be approximately 60 W. Because the design will use high-volume design practices and highly integrated circuits, the tuner production cost will be low (< $20 k). The mixer and amplifier developed in this project will be widely applicable to commercial and military applications, such as cellular phone base stations, advanced multi-band transceivers, and the DoD's JTRS radio. During Phase I, extensive simulations using advanced non-linear simulation tools will be used to verify the tuner performance and the initial design layouts will be made. Assisting in this program is Dr. Ulrich Rohde, a world-renowned receiver designer and technical author. High-dynamic range, multi-band tuners are applicable to cellular base stations and would enable economical multi-band operation. |
| APPCOM, INC.
11315 Chestnut Ridge Ct. Fort Wayne, IN 46814 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(219) 625-5672
Dr. Jamshid Nazari ARMY 01-109 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Extended Range, All Weather, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) for Dismounted Applications |
| Abstract: | Implementing a wireless LAN system for dismounted soldiers presents a number of problems that distinguish it from a commercial LAN system. Some of these unique, difficult problems include the lack of any in-place network support system, severe multi-path and fading conditions, and mobility requirements that need extended ranges of coverage. In addition to communication performance, the LAN units must be small, light weight, battery operated, and easily carried by the dismounted soldier. Perhaps the biggest challenge is getting adequate communication range in a severe channel environment. Although network relaying of data packets can solve this problem to some extent, it inherently relies on a density of nodes and/or the availability of access points. Neither of these conditions can be counted on in a tactical environment. Thus extending range point-to-point must be addressed. Range extension of a point-to-point link in a multi-path and fading environment can be achieved by adding diversity to the communication waveform. Current research in this area is focused on the use of antennas to obtain spatial diversity. Because of the mobility of the dismounted soldier, additional diversity techniques must be used in combination with the spatial diversity to achieve operational reliability. For this study we propose multiple antenna inputs in combination with a frequency hopping waveform to achieve viable range extension in a foliage environment. The range performance is maximized with respect to the operational environment by the adaptive selection of signal combining and forward error correction coding. In this proposal we outline a study to show the benefits of this approach. The communication waveform developed in this study will provide an adaptable solution to achieving range extension for a dismounted soldier LAN in a severe environment. The waveform design will make use of COTS circuits and facilitate a low cost solution. Potential commercial applications that could benefit from a LAN with extended point-to-point range include police, fire, and search and rescue. |
| CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP.
727 Airport Boulevard Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 668-2567
Mr. Merrill D. Squiers ARMY 01-109 Selected for Award |
| Title: | An Instant Communications Network for Dismounted Applications |
| Abstract: | In order to facilitate all weather communications in areas with dense foliage, we propose to develop an "instant" wireless local area network (WLAN). The WLAN will be deployed into the area where the dismounted team will operate. Nodes combine as relays in a communications network. Each node is an independent transceiver, able to receive and send data to neighboring nodes. Physically, the nodes are very small and housed in a variety of packages (depending on environment). Some packaging allows the node to intentionally be snagged in foliage. Other packaging can be camouflaged. Upon deployment, each node will activate, find neighborhood nodes (the so-called network discovery process) and relay information to other neighborhood nodes. Dismounted soldiers could also scatter additional nodes when entering an area, throwing them into trees or onto bushes - the node would be snagged in the branches and an aerial relay node is quickly established. Establishing a network is very simple and quick, hence our description that the WLAN is "instant". Poor weather or dense foliage will not degrade network performance since network node density is proportional to the degree of environmental loss. Commercial applications include natural disaster recovery infrastructure and temporary building sites. |
| OPTOELECTRONICS SYSTEMS CONSULTING, INC.
P.O. Box 158, 23 Fellen Road Storrs, CT 06268 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 429-3592
Dr. Thomas Phely-Bobin ARMY 01-110 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Transparent, Conformable Miniature Displays |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes a novel approach, integrating high performance transistors for active matrix addressing with organic light-emitting diode (OLED) technology, to fabricate transparent and conformable miniature displays. Using standard low-power complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) processing, we propose to utilize high-mobility silicon thin films to realize high-speed driver electronics. This coupled with the growth of long-lived Alq3-based OLED structures on insulating substrates, provides a viable methodology in realizing transparent miniature displays. Additional features include: radiation hardening properties, higher mobility in strained Si layers, and the ability to integrate other sensors and image processing modules in a monolithic processing needed to develop night vision goggles (NVGs) for defense and consumer applications. In Phase-I, a prototype active matrix addressed micro-array consisting of 4 x 4 pixels and driver electronics will be fabricated using MOSIS foundry according to our initial test chip design. Subsequently, monochrome OLED structures with brightness exceeding 100 cd/m2 will be grown and characterized. In Phase-II, a prototype chip (1" diagonal) consisting an array of 320x240 monochrome pixels integrated with addressing CMOS circuitry will be constructed using MOSIS foundry. In addition to DOD-directed applications such as helmet mounted displays, night vision goggles, and radiation hardened units, we foresee an array of civilian products such as real-time display-equipped eyeglasses, virtual reality spectales, and aids to vision impaired and elderly persons. |
| UNIVERSAL DISPLAY CORP.
375 Phillips Blvd Ewing, NJ 08618 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 671-0980
Dr. Michael Hack ARMY 01-110 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Transparent, Conformable Miniature Displays |
| Abstract: | The goal of this U.S. Army SBIR Program is to develop conformable, transparent, low power displays for Helmet Mounted Display (HMD) systems. Universal Display Corporation (UDC) and its partners at Princeton University and the University of Southern California are developing advanced organic light emitting diode (OLED) technology based on high-efficiency phosphorescent dopants. This team was the first to report phosphorescent OLEDs in 1998, representing a major breakthrough in OLED efficiency. OLEDs are solid-state, thin-film, emissive devices that have demonstrated bright, full-color performance for high-resolution, active matrix displays. For HMDs, OLEDs can simplify the optical design and number of elements, reducing weight, size and cost for better human factors and user acceptance. UDC has also developed expertise in the design, development and fabrication of proprietary, transparent OLEDs (TOLEDTM), and flexible OLEDs (FOLEDTM). Combining these elements, OLEDs are well suited for use in transparent, conformable, miniature displays for HMDs. In Phase I, we propose developing and delivering a transparent, conformable, monochrome backlight that demonstrates the feasibility of TOLED, FOLED and PH-OLED technologies for HMDs. Upon successful Phase I completion, we propose in Phase II to develop a transparent, conformable, miniature, active-matrix OLED display for evaluation in a U.S. Army HMD system. The successful outcome of this Program will create myriad benefits in a variety of potential military and commercial applications. It will provide the U.S Army with a clearly demonstrated technology path for transparent, conformable displays for HMD applications. Beyond current U.S. Army application, HMDs are increasingly being designed into industrial, medical and, even, consumer applications where conformable, transparent displays offer desirable features. Additionally, transparency and conformability have the potential to create a host of novel display products and market opportunities beyond those currently envisioned for existing display markets. For example, these include avionic and automotive applications for conformed instrument panel displays and windscreen-integrated head-up displays. Moreover, replacing glass with plastic substrates improves safety and reduces weight, both extremely attractive features in these applications. Transparency enables overlay displays to be incorporated into cockpits and automobile windshields. Display Search now projects a $3.6 billion market for OLEDs in 2005. By developing all the key technology components necessary to fabricate these displays, the UDC team through the work under this Program, expects to commercialize these technologies for military and commercial applications through joint ventures and licensing partnerships with established flat panel display manufacturers. |
| 21ST CENTURY SYSTEMS, INC.
427 South 166th Street Omaha, NE 68118 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(775) 832-4407
Mr. Richard A. Flanagan ARMY 01-111 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Eyekon: In-the-Situation Awareness for the Dismounted Warrior |
| Abstract: | The goals of an enhanced mobile infantry, a weapons system that leaves the warrior with his whole mind free to handle his weapons and notice what is going on around him, as expressed in Heinlein's timeless Starship Troopers is becoming a reality today through the innovative progress being made by the U.S. Army's 21st Century Land Warrior program. However, the current Land Warrior system does not provide a "heads up" display (HUD) like the capability that avionics provides to fighter pilots. What is lacking is a capability that, when a Soldier shoulders the weapon and looks through the aiming sights, he sees objects easily distinguishable as friendly or not, as well as enemy locations along his current heading on a basic map schematic. In other words, what's missing is intuitive situational awareness for the Soldier immersed in the situation while it is happening. Our objective is to develop software components that overlay smart icons, named Eyekon, on the dismounted soldier's individual weapon sight. Eyekon provides objects for the graphical user interface of friendly and enemy positions in the weapon sight when the dismounted Soldier employs the weapon. Eyekon is an intelligent agent-based decision support system hosted on a wearable computer. The output of Eyekon is fed directly to the soldier's display. Display examples are a hands-free device (HFD), weapon-aiming device (installed on existing M16/M4 systems or the future OICW), or a see-through helmet-mounted display (HMD). The JTA-Army requirement enhances interoperability, cost avoidance, promotes wide use. A prototype will be delivered to illustrate symbol concepts and options along with resource requirements. In addition to the delivery of the core Eyekon product, there is a very high potential for transition to commercial products. Our first commercial product with high potential is a maintenance crew working in confined spaces and need to interact with team members in different area. Examples include aerospace such as in compartments and bays on an airliner or a large rocket and utility services (power, water, gas) crew in service tunnels. Another commercial product is situational awareness for public safety such as a SWAT team on assignment and training. |
| REALITY BY DESIGN, INC.
354 West Cummings Park Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(831) 655-0440
Mr. Paul T. Barham ARMY 01-111 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Land Warrior Synthetic Environment Enhancements for Improved Targeting (LW SEE IT) |
| Abstract: | Reality by Design (RBD) proposes to research, design and develop an advanced situational awareness capability for dismounted warriors to use while aiming and sighting using the Land Warrior (LW) system. This new capability will focus on providing situational icon overlays on the video from a LW weapon sight based on the information available over the LW tactical network. RBD will use a Simulation Based Acquisition (SBA) approach during an iterative development process to arrive at an optimal solution. This approach will maximize the use of existing Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) software and leverage fully from other RBD dismounted infantry virtual simulation efforts. In Phase 1, RBD will implement prototype Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) for the purposes of demonstration, and for soliciting inputs, feedback and preferences from LW materiel and doctrinal personnel. The feedback received will to applied to refine the software design, development, integration and test plans to arrive at an end solution that matches the schedule and goals of increased lethality and survivability for LW. The system design and execution plan developed in Phase I will provide the framework and will facilitate the construction of an actual situational awareness capability for LW in Phase II. Commercial potential exists for fielding the capability within the LW program and for expansion into the law enforcement and emergency response markets as the technology develops. Adaptations of the resulting technology can be applied to the architectural and construction markets for visualizing planned or future projects by rendering the projects using computer graphics and superimposing and positioning them on real-world video using Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) data. Development of LW SEE IT will support the OSCR Program by improving the operational performance of the soldier while reducing overall training costs. |
| ARGON ENGINEERING ASSOC., INC.
12701 Fair Lakes Circle Fairfax, VA 22033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 995-4242
Mr. Robert L. Kellogg ARMY 01-112 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Synchronized RF Spectrum Search and Emitter Location |
| Abstract: | Argon Engineering proposes a synchronized mobile platform Line of Position (LOP) signal intercept and geolocation system using digital narrowband scanning of coordinated wideband receivers. This approach provides precision time and frequency locking of independent mobile units under a designated command and control node. To enhance the quality of Electronic Surveillance (ES) during times of Electronic Attack (EA), Argon Engineering proposes to introduce Advanced Event Processing (AEP) and Interference Cancellation (IC) for robust signal detection and LOP measurement. Time/Frequency Difference of Arrival (TFDOA) geolocation as well as spatial LOP geolocations will be compared for accuracy under various system scenarios. These innovative narrowband spectrum search and emitter location features will be supported by a LIGHTHOUSE Technology COTS architecture combining Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and general purpose digital signal processors using CompactPCI format to reduce size, weight and power (SWAP). A complete end-to-end simulation will be used to recommend the best system scaling as a starting point for a Phase II demonstration of synchronized mobile units for emitter geolocation. Synchronized spectrum scanning for LOP or TFDOA measurements can be accomplished in an efficient hardware environment applicable to a range of platforms including Army PROPHET, Aerial Common Sensor (ACS), Underwater Unmanned Vehicles, and other mobile platforms. This versatility increases Argon Engineering's ability to penetrate new military, government, and international markets for mobile systems that include features such as Interference Cancellation, Advanced Event Processing, and Signal of Interest classification sorting. Argon Engineering can use this SBIR to leverage LIGHTHOUSE Technology products into a new generation of Communication Electronic Support Measure (CESM) systems with reduced size, weight, and power by introducing FPGA technology and CompactPCI form factors. |
| SIGNATRON TECHNOLOGY CORP.
29 Domino Drive Concord, MA 01742 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 371-0550
Mr. James Zagami ARMY 01-112 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Synchronized RF Spectrum Search and Emitter Location |
| Abstract: | The goal of this research program is to provide an "RF emitter map" of the battlefield by assembling properly synchronized direction-finding (DF) reports from multiple sensors. The proposed system applies a new technique that determines the location of an emitter with enhanced accuracy by optimally combining the data from multiple sensors in a synchronized network. The system will enhance conventional DF-based triangulation systems, which compute a line of bearing from each sensor as an intermediate step. The proposed technique utilizes a novel approach to processing multiple channels in parallel and has the added advantage that frequency-hopping emitters are less likely to go undetected. The location data would be viewed on a digital map display locally or over a wireless virtual private network. The proposed signal-combining approach is a logical extension of the approach developed by the proposing firm for gelocation of RF signals. Experiments with known waveforms have already successfully demonstrated improved location accuracy. In Phase I the system performance using airborne sensors will be studied through analysis and simulation. Performance improvements and system cost will be investigated and compared with other techniques of comparable complexity. A prototype design utilizing extensively commercial off-the-shelf components will be developed and outlined for Phase II with a plan for implementation. The primary application is the mapping of potential emitters in military operations. The proposed geolocation technique also has many law enforcement and emergency applications for locating radio transmitters, cellular handsets, or wireless PDAs. In addition, the technology can be used for locating special tags to find children, patients, and pets, as well as for tracking parolees, cargo, and vehicles. |
| TRIDENT SYSTEMS, INC.
10201 Lee Highway, Suite 300 Fairfax, VA 22030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 847-9123
Mr. Scott Thomas ARMY 01-113 Selected for Award |
| Title: | QoS-enabled Wireless Reliable Multicast (QWiReM) |
| Abstract: | Communication and wireless network technology have advanced to the state where portable computing devices have proliferated to enable ubiquitous computing. Similarly, Internet technology has grown tremendously including popular media streaming applications that support multicast. There remain significant obstacles, however, to integrate wireless and multicast technologies. Many military applications require multicast transmission to properly and efficiently operate. Particularly, the FCS program and the MOSAIC ATD both have requirements for secure adaptive mobile wireless network communications, including multicast transport. Trident has developed a reliable multicast protocol intended for the Army's tactical networks. The Wireless Reliable Multicast (WiReM) provides reliable multicast transfer, utilizing a dynamic self-configuring routing capability that works well in ad hoc environments. Trident Systems proposes to build upon the successful implementation of WiReM to develop a scalable, mobile QoS reliable multicast protocol. The QoS-enabled WiReM (QWiReM) protocol is a logical evolution of our reliable multicast research. Trident Systems will research and develop different approaches for implementing QoS. We will investigate real-time CORBA and IETF QoS protocols and their applicability to the military tactical environment. For the Phase I Option, we propose to develop a prototype based on the WiReM implementation to validate the feasibility of the QWiReM design. A reliable multicast protocol will provide guaranteed and efficient dissemination of critical information to many users simultaneously. FCS soldiers and platforms can use this protocol for real-time tactical and strategic communications. The proposed protocol will be able to scale to large numbers of receivers. A scalable, reliable multicast protocol has commercial applications as well. Internet Service Providers and wireless communications network operators may use this protocol. Network operators can use a mobile multicasting protocol that will be able to deliver packets based on the QOS requirements. Such a protocol would dramatically increase efficiency and reliability of networks. |
| LSP TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
6145 Scherers Place Dublin, OH 43016 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(614) 718-3000
Dr. Jeff L. Dulaney ARMY 01-114 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Burst Laser System for Standoff Mine Neutralization |
| Abstract: | This Phase I program addresses a critical need for a safe and reliable means to neutralize from a distance of greater than 10 m all types of mines and munitions that might be encountered in a military mission such as route clearing or UXO disposal. In particular, the proposed innovative compact laser technology will access and neutralize buried landmines which are most troublesome. Current mine clearing laser systems such as the 0.5 -1.0 kW ZEUS system work effectively against surface laid mines but are under-powered to penetrate soils. The proposed burst laser system (BLS) will deliver over 10 kW for the duration of a mine neutralization sequence permitting drilling through soil and rapid mine neutralization of the buried mine. The higher laser power in a compact mobile package will be achieved through use of innovative Nd:glass laser technology wherein large aperture glass rods are used in a power oscillator configuration. Burst operation allows the overall package size of the system to be considerably smaller than a continuous laser of the same output power. The Phase I effort will provide laser demonstrations of soil penetration for reaching and neutralizing a buried mine and a preliminary design of a vehicle-mounted BLS. The burst laser system (BLS) will provide a greatly enhanced capability for military services to implement rapid and safe mine clearing operations. The BLS will be cost-effective and will be made available for humanitarian mine neutralization activity as well. In addition to these missions, the BLS technology will find application in industrial materials processing such as intermittent deep-penetration welding. |
| AERODYNE RESEARCH, INC.
45 Manning Road Billerica, MA 01821 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 663-9500
Dr. Kurt D. Annen ARMY 01-115 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Lightweight Scaled-Up Linearly-Oscillating Miniature Engine for Portable Electric Power |
| Abstract: | Microscale power technologies have the potential to fill an emerging military need for portable power generation at the 500 W level for the Objective Force dismounted soldier. This requires, however, scale-up of these technologies to the 500 W level and the ability of the technologies to use logistics fuels. Aerodyne Research, Inc. has developed a linearly-oscillating miniature internal combustion engine (MICE) technology to provide electric power at the 10 W scale at very high energy densities. ARI proposes to scale up its MICE technology to generate power in a 500 W system. This linearly-oscillating engine-generator will use logistics fuels and have low noise and very high energy densities. The Phase I program will perform a detailed characterization of the performance and cost as the power output is scaled from 10 W to 500 W, investigate critical design issues including acoustic suppression and fuel metering, and perform a detailed design of the basic linearly-oscillating internal combustion engine-generator and a conceptual design of the full power system. A lightweight, compact electric generator at the 500 W scale has wide ranging commercial applications. This generator can provide portable power at construction sites, for recreational uses at campsites, picnic grounds, and on boats and larger marine vehicles. |
| LF, INC.
3201 Elliott Street Baltimore, MD 21224 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 327-4828
Mr. Robert S. Littlepage, Sr. ARMY 01-116 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Expendable Radar Countermeausure Modules |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes a parametric approach for optimizing a deception (decoy) and jamming addition to the Network Centric Warfare (NCW) system. This provides to the NCW a response (active) fuction, designed to protect the warfighter from: RF targeting systems, intelligence and reconnaissance systems, and other horizon extending (UAV) RF enabled systems. These new modules are designed to be either self-actuating, or keyed by the sensor suite in the NCW. The proposal also describes a family of low prime power, low cost jammers that are appropriate to the jammer mission. An ACT based target signature emulator handles the deception mission. Novel methods for deployment are described which optimize the jammer's geometry in order to minimize the output power required for victory. This lowers cost, extends liftime, etc. The proposed system is expected to substantially advance the state-of-the-art in low power, stand-in jamming. This will have a very broad application base across all of the military components. The circuit designs are appropriate to micro-UAV payloads, active chaff, and active near-space aerosols. |
| POLATIN CORP.
57 Janet Terrace New Hartford, NY 13413 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 731-9433
Dr. Paul F. Polatin ARMY 01-117 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Interference Filters for Robust VHF/UHF Communications in Densely Foliated Regions |
| Abstract: | The work described in this proposal is intended to lay a foundation for the development of filtering technology that would be used in VHF and UHF tactical radios and which would greatly improve the reliability of communications in densely foliated regions. It is intended that these software filters would mitigate the effects of multipath scattering from foliage. The filters would be implemented as part of an external modification package (applique), would cost about $200 per unit, and would improve signal-to-noise performance by better than 20 dB. Therefore, for a relatively low price, and with an additional weight of around 2 lb, reliable VHF/UHF fixed and mobile communications could be established over 10 to 15 km distances through heavily forested areas and in areas where path loss makes communications marginal. The commercial applications of this technology are manifold. Commercial wireless companies would benefit from the availability of an inexpensive method for increasing the range and reliability of their equipment in heavily foliated regions. Mobile, aeronautical and maritime VHF and UHF radio manufacturers would also benefit from the technology that is the intended product of this research and development effort. The ability to provide enhanced reliability and extended range in commercial transceivers would clearly be an advantage to all companies in the RF communications business. |
| SY TECHNOLOGY, INC.
5170 N. Sepulveda Blvd., Suite 240 Sherman Oaks, CA 91403 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 705-5900
Dr. Michael W. Jones ARMY 01-118 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Spectral/Polarimetric Sensors |
| Abstract: | Applications of IR imaging polarimetry include detection of military targets in clutter, de-mining missions, ice detection on aircraft, roads and bridges, crop monitoring and remote sensing. Key technologies are now sufficiently mature to consider a real-time (video frame rates) integrated imaging polarimeter. Under a separate Phase I SBIR, SY Technology is developing a micro-polarizer array architecture that will allow simultaneous collection of four polarization measurements. The micro-polarizer array consists of four polarization filters that are mounted to a focal plane array (FPA). The completed device will be capable of measuring the full Stokes vector. There is inherently spatial mis-registration between the four channels with such an interlacing scheme. The mis-registration can be accounted for through digital re-sampling of the four images or minimized through additional optical elements such as a micro-lens array. In this Phase I SBIR, SY Technology proposes to develop a micro-lens array design to facilitate spatial registration of the four polarization channels. Refractive and diffractive lens designs will be developed. Chromatic dispersion and off-axis performance will be evaluated through simulation and analysis to determine the optimum solution. During Phase II, the micro-optic design will be integrated with a micro-polarizer array, fabricated, and mounted to a LWIR FPA. It is anticipated that an IR imaging polarimeter will significantly enhance target detection on a wide variety of military seekers. Ice detection, humanitarian de-mining, remote sensing, product inspection/quality assurance, and medical imaging applications are all potential commercial applications of real-time imaging polarimetry. |
| GOLETA ENGINEERING
P O Box 6208 Santa Barbara, CA 93111 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 967-0600
John Kirk ARMY 01-119 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Lightweight mm-Wave Synthetic Aperture Radar/Moving Target Indicator (SAR/MTI) Sensor for Small Unit UAV |
| Abstract: | Goleta Engineering (GE) and MMCOMM with support from Northrop-Grumman will design and develop a lightweight MMW SAR/MTI system in the 10 to 20 pound range for installation on a small UAV to support small unit operations. Many key enabling technologies need to be matured to facilitate the timely development and fielding of a lightweight SAR/MTI system. We will leverage off of existing and emerging technologies such as a 7 pound dual-mode seeker to evolve thru extensive tradeoffs a family of alternate designs in the 10 to 20 pound range. One of these designs will then be down selected for further development in the Option phase and demonstration in Phase II. The baseline design employs an FMCW waveform, MMIC hardware including a GAAS FET power amplifier and efficient signal processing. One of the key enabling technologies for implementing the liteweight SAR is signal based motion compensation (SBMC) to reduce the dependence on a motion measurement sensor (MMS). This capability has been developed and demonstrated on prior efforts by GE. MMCOMM, a MMW hardware company, provides the capability to develop and produce the lightweight MMW MMIC componentry. Northrop-Grumman provides expertise in UAV SAR applications and a path to Phase III Commercialization. The U S Army will mature lightweight MMW SAR/MTI technology and develop a system for installation on a small UAV that can be used to support small unit operations. In Phase I, the US Army will obtain detailed information on the design options available and obtain performance tradeoff data that can be used to define other related SAR/MTI systems. In the Option Phase and Phase II, they will design and demonstrate a system with the key enabling technologies. |
| IMAGING MICROSENSORS, INC.
300 West Route 38, Suite 201 Moorestown, NJ 08057 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(856) 273-8200
Dr. Hesham Attia ARMY 01-119 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Lightweight mm-Wave SAR/MTI Sensor for Small Unit UAV |
| Abstract: | A lightweight mm-wave SAR/MTI sensor of small size and low power is proposed for small UAVs such as those being developed under the US Army/DARPA FCS OAV Program, or those anticipated in response to the Small Unit UAV ORD. The sensor is based on an innovative radar configuration made possible by the advanced data-adaptive motion compensation techniques developed by Imaging Microsensors Inc. The proposed sensor offers a low-cost, all-weather, high-resolution SAR imaging and MTI capability from such a small UAV for surveillance, reconnaissance, and targeting. In a particular implementation, the resulting sensor offers 0.1 m image resolution, at a range of 10 km in clear weather (with graceful degradation in rain), and provides an MTI mode with 360 degree coverage. Approximately, the sensor of the above example weighs 4.5 kg, occupies 0.25 cubic feet, and consumes 50 W of dc power with further weight, size, and power reductions possible through design optimization. Phase I will develop the lightweight mm-wave SAR/MTI sensor concept and show its feasibility through the design of a flyable prototype. The design will be supported with detailed radar system analysis and computer simulation. In Phase II, the prototype will be built and demonstrated through a flight test. The proposed lightweight SAR/MTI sensor provides all-weather imaging from a small UAV where tactical targets are naturally highlighted and precisely located in range and azimuth. A similar sensor onboard a low-cost UAV can be used by rescue squads in search and rescue missions under poor visibility conditions, and by law enforcement agencies for drug interdiction and patrolling the borders of the USA. Other applications include spotting disabled vehicles on long stretches of the highway and terrain mapping. |
| RDAS, INC.
11003 E.Bradford Circle Cerritos, CA 90703 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 379-4802
Mr. Augustus H. Gree ARMY 01-119 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Lightweight mm-Wave Synthetic Aperture Radar/Moving Target Indicator (SAR/MTI) Sensor for Small Unit UAV |
| Abstract: | This topic is concerned with the development of a concept for an advanced MMW SAR/MTI sensor for UAV applications that will support future battlefield requirements that are beyond those currently available. This advanced sensor includes an antenna, transmitter, receiver, and signal preprocessor. Radar techniques that are to be considered will be compatible with various operational modes of a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) system and a Moving Target Indicator (MTI) system. Challenges that are to be addressed in this concept definition are: 1) Determining the most productive and cost effective way to produce the transmit power required for the sensor to meet the ten (10) kilometer range capability. 2) Formulating signal preprocessing techniques that will provide increased gains to the system to minimize the peak and average transmit power requirements. 3) Packaging the sensor in the volume constraints that will meet the power and thermal requirements. 4) Development of an antenna that will meet the requirements defined by the sensors specifications and the packaging constraints imposed by the available "real estate" on the UAV. 5) Integrating both a SAR mode and a MTI mode into a single sensor. The development of this product will lead to the development of a compact sensor that may be used for military and commercial applications. Other uses for the sensor would include terrain mapping for changes in enviromental conditions, medical imaging application, and commercial aircraft landing systems under adverse weather conditions. |
| ANNTRON, INC.
1315 S. Allen St., Suite 405 State College, PA 16801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 867-2312
Mr. Scott Thompson ARMY 01-120 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) Repeater for Personal Communications Systems (PCS) |
| Abstract: | The Personal Communications Systems (PCS) Base-station Transceiver Systems (BTS) area of coverage is physically near (within a few km) of the BTS. It is desirable to provide range extension for the BTS, perhaps to 10 km or more. It is also desirable to quickly deploy range extension of the BTS, thereby filling gaps in mobile communications around the Tactical Operations Center (TOC). A solution is proposed for evaluation, comprised of Hub (or TOC) BTS and Data Link equipment, and remote station data link and PCS CDMA equipment. The enabling technology is a Hub and Remote Data Link unit developed by Anntron for rapidly deployed data communications networks. At the Hub, a multi-beam antenna, also developed by Anntron for rapidly deployed data links, is the only means to provide versatile, highly directive links to remote stations. The BTS PCS Converter Unit and Remote PCS Converter Unit may be comprised of commercially available PCS market components. Analysis of existing approaches, repeater design trade-offs, simulation of coverage, interference to/from the BTS, terrain profiling, data link frequency, software control, laboratory demonstration, and ultimately field demonstrations using existing Anntron outdoor facilities shall be performed to determine the optimum solution. CDMA PCS provides mobile communications, but only to the extent that the BTS infrastructure is "built out". Total coverage, using a complete BTS, is highly unlikely in a tactical environment. The repeater proposed permits rapidly deployed coverage where required in the mobile tactical environment, expanding the network infrastructure dynamically. Other applications include coverage of "dead spots" and customized cell shaping along highways and other high use areas. |
| IRVINE SENSORS CORP.
3001 Redhill Avenue, Building #4 Costa Mesa, CA 92626 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 444-8730
Mr. David Ludwig ARMY 01-121 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Readout Integrated Circuits (ROIC) Development for High Performance, Uncooled Imaging Applications |
| Abstract: | ISC proposes to utilize its 3D Stacking technology to reduce the volume of a LADAR receiver system. THe use of stacking technology allows the additional real estate associated with each unit cell to be increased by 3-4 orders of magnitude over conventional designs. This feature opens up the possibility to use inductive components in the readout design. These devices can be used to improve the signal to noise ratio of the InGaAs PIN detectors. This represents a second approach to achieving the required performance in high speed 3D active imaging without the need for tube or avalanche photo diode technology. The reduction in receiver electronics can greatly improve the marketability of commercial 3D imaging systems. The areas of most significant growth would be in the industrial applications associated with civil and mechanical engineering. A similar reduction in the volume of the transmitter would complete the tranformation from a moderate to a miniature imaging system. ISC would team with an industrial 3D LADAR manufacturer as part of its commercialization plan. |
| Y MEDIA CORP.
5141 California Avenue, Suite 250 Irvine, CA 92612 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 593-9501
Dr. Stephen Gaalema ARMY 01-121 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Density High Performance Readout Intregrated Circuit Development for Uncooled Imaging Applications |
| Abstract: | We will design a CMOS ROIC optimized for high resistivity bolometer detectors operating in continuous or close to continuous bias condition. The ROIC design will be optimized for low detector input noise, low read noise, high charge handling capacity, high density, and large dynamic range and linearity. Detailed noise modeling of the proposed ROIC design will be performed. The commercialization of this technology is expected to provide low cost, reliable, high performance uncooled imagers for potential uses in a variety of commercial applications including transportation, security/law enforcement, medical imaging, fire as well as military applications such as night vision, missile seeker sensors, guide munitions, surveillance and target acquisition missions. |
| QRDC, INC.
Box 562 Excelsior, MN 55331 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 556-5205
Dr. Daryoush Allaei ARMY 01-122 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Acoustically Intelligent Surfaces for C2 Communication Shelters |
| Abstract: | Noisy enclosures present a problem of great importance to the Army's Command and Control Operations On-the-Move for Future Combat Systems. Examples of these noisy enclosures are Command and Control communications shelters and Vehicles. Fully equipped communication shelters are extremely noisy. A unique and effective solution to the noise problem in both fixed and mobile shelters is offered. The solution is based on the development of Acoustically Intelligent Surfaces using our Smart Skin technology. This solution is energy and space efficient. By adapting a state-of the-art, proactive sound and vibration management technology into the walls of the shelters, the sound energy is diverted and otherwise moved to regions where it does not hinder the mission. The focus of this SBIR is to apply the Energy Flow Control technology to the walls and ceiling of an Army Command and Control communications shelter to maintain noise levels below 65dBA. This will be accomplished via our Energy Flow Control design and control methodology in conjunction with sensor/actuator arrays attached to the walls and ceiling that will channel and shovel the noise to regions where it does not interfere with the operations in a shelter. Acoustically Intelligent Surfaces have application in military and commercial segments of the aerospace and automobile industries. Commercially, Acoustically Intelligent Surfaces have applications in existing noise sensitive environments such as aircraft, automobile, truck, farm equipment, rail, space and industrial operations. |
| ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
9971 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 829-5864
Dr. John Wu ARMY 01-124 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Agent-based Active Networks for Automated Network Aware Services |
| Abstract: | To support today's warfighters critical decision making process at all echelons, battle command systems must deliver mission critical information to the right person at the right place and at the right time. Quality information must flow seamlessly across both wired and wireless networks under different network conditions. It is a challenge to seamlessly integrate various mobile wireless devices into a variety of information systems so as to more effectively aggregate and distribute real-time information to empower today's soldiers with a new warfighting capability. The presentation of the mission critical information must also be tailored to meet the specific requirements of the individual soldier. The narrow bandwidth characteristics of the wireless network and the limited capabilities of the wireless devices coupled with the fact that each user has different requirements demand the most intelligent delivery and presentation of time critical information for enhanced battlefield awareness. Building upon Architecture Technology Corporation's Active Network Architecture and Agent-Based Technology, this SBIR research proposes an innovative technology which will enable an intelligent and timely delivery of quality information (e.g. voice, data and video) to a wide variety of mobile wireless devices used by today's warfighters, under varying network conditions. Based on the existing information technology standards and infrastructure, the proposed Agent-Based Active Network Architecture will also provide effortless integration of new types of advanced wireless devices that may be developed in the future for both civilian and battlefield use, allowing rapid deployment of new wireless network services. The military and commercial application for this research is an Agent-Based Active Network software product aimed at enabling the smart delivery and presentation of time critical information for mobile wireless users. Potential customers of the commercial product from this research include the military, federal, state and local governments and wireless service providers. In the military sector, this technology will improve battlefield awareness for today's warfighters. It will also provide the foundation for warfighters in the field to more effectively communicate with each other. This technology will also improve the situational awareness and communication capabilities for the civilian disaster responders. |
| SYSTRAN FEDERAL CORP.
4027 Colonel Glenn Highway, Suite 210 Dayton, OH 45431 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 429-9008
Dr. V. ("Nagu") Nagarajan ARMY 01-124 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Hardware System for Automated Network Aware Applications |
| Abstract: | Systran Federal Corporation (SFC), the sister-company of Systran Corporation, which is a Products Development Company specializing in real-time and high-speed networking, is proposing to develop a "G4 PowerPC" microprocessor based system (Compact PCI card with PMC slots) that can deliver extremely time-sensitive information (e.g., voice, video, etc.) at the right time and at the right place to the Commander. SFC envisions the use of ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) protocol and MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching) protocol on the same network fiber to deliver time-critical information and thus meet the commander's critical information requirements (CCIR). SFC has already developed an ATM network interface card (NIC) containing a microprocessor on a previously funded Army Phase II SBIR (Contract DAAB07-98-C-B305). SFC has also proposed the development of two sets of NICs that will perform "on-card" video compression for the US Army on SBIR Contract DAAB07-01-C-K607. On set of the NICs will be based on a "Compact PCI card" containing a G4 PowerPC microprocessor and two PMC daughter card slots. The other set will be based on a modified version of the ATM NIC developed in Contract DAAB07-98-C-B305. Hence, SFC has the required expertise to conduct this SBIR. The proposed state-of-the-art microprocessor-based system will deliver extremely time-sensitive information (e.g., voice, video, etc.) to the Commander at the right place and at the right time. |
| DATA FUSION CORP.
10190 Bannock Street, Suite 246 Northglenn, CO 80260 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(720) 872-2145
Dr. W. Kober ARMY 01-125 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Template Generation From A Small Number of Views |
| Abstract: | Data Fusion Corporation (DFC), along with Lockheed Martin Missiles and Space Co. (LMSC), propose the development of a system for synthesizing alternate viewpoint images of an object which has been previously sensed via a short series of images. This system will be used to support model-based object recognition and cataloguing of unknown objects. DFC's approach will be to: enhance LMSC's previously developed system for feature-based matching in image sequences via the incorporation of anisotropic diffusion and morphological operators, and extend DFC's and LMSC's previously developed point-transfer via geometric invariants software for producing novel views using trinocular invariants. DFC's long-term goal is to produce a real-time version of this system. A real-time version is one that produces 3-D models as the images come in (with processing delays of a fraction of a second). This will require a high level of automation and powerful processing resources. Potential benefactors are in the domains of virtual reality, robotics, industrial inspection, autonomous vehicles, military reconnaissance, etc. |
| IMAGECORP, INC.
6411 Ivy Lane #106 Greenbelt, MD 20770 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 220-2123
Dr. Qinfen Zheng ARMY 01-125 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Template Generation From A Small Number of Views |
| Abstract: | The amount and diversity of data required for meaningful evaluation of automatic target recognition (ATR) systems under extended operating conditions makes data collection efforts prohibitively expensive and time consuming. Generating novel views of targets from a video segment, or several still images acquired from different viewpoints, will significantly reduce the data collection complexity in evaluation and validation of ATR algorithms. Technical challenges include feature correspondence, target model construction, camera calibration, target model update, and scene synthesis. Promising solutions are based on structure from motion (SfM) and view synthesis using tensor analysis. In Phase I, we propose to investigate and enhance state-of-the-art algorithms for generating novel views from a video segment or multiple still images. Novel solutions for recovery of relative structure from video and subsequent novel view synthesis, and direct novel views synthesis from still images using trilinear tensor approaches will be developed. Emphasis will be on the utility in the design, experimentation and validation of ATR algorithms. During Phase II, a prototype system will be built by integrating the most promising approaches and sensor models. The primary military applications for the proposed work are in generating novel data sets for validating ATR systems and building models of targets and scenes for simulation of battlefields. Commercial applications are in 3-D model building for facial animation, real estate walkthroughs and virtual reality applications. |
| RF MONOLITHICS, INC.
4347 Sigma Rd. Dallas, TX 75244 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(972) 789-3896
Robert J. Kansy ARMY 01-126 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Miniaturized Low Jitter Clock for Digital Receivers |
| Abstract: | RF Monolithics proposes to investigate means to reduce the vibration sensitivity of the low-noise, miniature oscillator (MINO) presently being developed for use in advanced communications and radar systems by Q-DOT, Inc. RF Monolithics is providing the STW resonators and the final packaging configuration for this advanced oscillator. The MINO packaging architecture and the STW resonator are both candidates for optimization to reduce vibration sensitivity. Variations in electronic signal path lengths and parasitic capacitance in the hybrid package caused by mechanical deforma- tions can cause loop phase variations that frequency modulate the carrier. Critical nodes in the MINO will be identified and their vibration sensitivity calculated in order to identify and solve potential problems. Similarly, the architecture, mater- ial and acoustic mode of the resonator will be investigated to identify opportunities for reducing vibration sensitivity. In particular, the impact of new acoustic mater- ials such as langasite and its isomorphs will be assessed. Additionally, subsystem level approaches will be investigated that independently measure vibration and provide electronic feedback to the oscillator circuit to compen- sate for arbitrary vibration-induced frequency variations. Specific recommendations for enhancements to the MINO will be developed for a Phase II proposal, and will be described in a Final Report. The ruggedized MINO is essential to maintaining the performance of software radios on portable platforms. It is expected to be valuable commercially in ruggedized, en- hanced precision GPS receivers as well as in precision instrumentation where vibra- tions from cooling fans, etc. can degrade noise performance of internal oscillators. |
| CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP.
727 Airport Boulevard Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 668-2567
Mr. Joseph Tesar ARMY 01-129 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Telemaintenance of Future Combat System (FCS) Semi-Autonomous Platforms and Equipment |
| Abstract: | Our proposal is to develop a nearly autonomous control methodology for telemaintenance of robotic platforms. At the core of our approach is an expert decision software module that can combine status (or diagnostic) information with possible maintenance remedies. The expert system executes actions via a vehicular command and control network that can efficiently convey information across the platform as well as communicate with remote operators. This network, referred to as the Local Vehicle Network (LVN), combines sensors, control actions and a high level decision module. Critical vehicle components are connected to nodes on the network, enabling bi-directional communications between the component and the network. Because telemaintenance is a very broad topic, we will focus our efforts on a system architecture that is modular and open source. The LVN will also be very generic in nature, either leveraged from existing automobile networks or based on our own Linux based network server product. Essentially, we will define the foundation and architecture for a maintenance system that can be tailored to any particular FCS platform. This approach is not only widely applicable to the FCS program, but is also the best approach for future commercialization efforts. Commercial applications include the auto and trucking industry, material handling, and artificial intelligence software. |
| L. C. PEGASUS CORP.
10 Bedford Drive Basking Ridge, NJ 07920 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(908) 781-0167
Dr. Hong-Liang Cui ARMY 01-130 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Fiber Optic Dynamic Strain Sensors for Seismic Monitoring |
| Abstract: | This project is focus on the development of a new technology for seismic sensors that are very small, highly sensitive and immune to electromagnetic interference (EMI), along with a sophisticated computer based real time data acquisition, processing and analysis system. The detection system is based on optical fiber Bragg grating sensors for dynamic strain and acoustic emissions. In phase I of this project a single sensor is developed, while in phase II a multiple sensor network covering a wide area will be developed. The detection sensitivity will be high enough so that the sensors will be able to monitor seismic activitis induced by troop and/or vehicle movement in the vicinity of the sensors. The sensors developed under this program will be ideal for troop/vehicle movement monitoring and information gethering in the battle field. These can all accomplished remotely and automatically with the fiber optic sensors proporsed here. Commercial applications are equally promising, since the sensos can be used for highway and bridge monitoring, down hole sensing and monitoring for oil/gas exploration. |
| OPTIPHASE, INC.
7652 HASKELL AVE VAN NUYS, CA 91406 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 782-0997
Mr. Ira Jeffrey Bush ARMY 01-130 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Fiber Optic Dynamic Strain Sensors for Seismic Monitoring |
| Abstract: | Optiphase, Inc. proposes the development of a fiber optic seismic sensing system suitable to enhance Army INSCOM capabilities. This system will utilize EMI immune "all-fiber" sensor array elements configurable for both TDM and WDM multiplexing capable of the required high-speed data acquisition rates. The fiber seismic sensor design will utilize interferometric transduction methods to assure the highest possible sensitivity. The system design implements DSP control of sensor array interrogation processes to assure real-time acquisition and a fast data port to a standard host computer. Phase I involves the development of a suitable seismic sensor. The design focus involves use of Fiber Bragg Gratings (for efficient array architecture), and a mechanically efficient fiber transducer design to assure high sensitivity and bandwidth. Sensor designs will be evaluated for performance and capabilities for integration into a multi-channel array (design). Phase II will involve the development and field testing of a real-time multi-channel seismic sensor system, suited to Army requirements. This seismic sensor system will be developed for and have direct application to the Army's Prophet Block IV program. The design evolved however can be generalized as a high performance, multi-channel dynamic sensing system. Such designs have numerous "outside" applications, such as general surveillance, industrial process control, geophysical sensing, power grid monitoring, and pipeline monitoring. If the designs developed in this SBIR program demonstrate high performance and are cost effective, they will also be applicable in these other markets. |
| REMCOM, INC.
315 S. Allen St., Suite 222 State College, PA 16801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 861-1299
Mr. Joseph Schuster ARMY 01-131 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Wireless Communications-Coverage Software (WC2S) for PCS Network Planning Involving Hills, Foliage, Urban, and Mixed Propagation Paths |
| Abstract: | Predicting the signal level and coverage area of WIN-T radio frequency communication channels between base stations, vehicles and warfighters is a challenging problem. The channel may involve radio frequency interactions with hills, foliage, and buildings. The paths may involve long distances over hilly terrain or shorter distances involving interaction with urban building features. Some propagation paths may simultaneously involve hills, foliage, and urban areas. For example, a warfighter in an urban area may need to communicate with a command station located outside of the city. These mixed path links involving both urban and rural terrain are beyond the capability of any existing physics-based propagation model. Currently available models, including those developed by Remcom Inc., are applicable to paths where both the transmitting and receiving antennas are located in an outdoor urban environment, or indoors, or in rural areas. Development of fast and reliable mixed-path models will be an important part of the overall SBIR effort for development of the Wireless Communication Coverage Software (WC2S). Also important will be the design and implementation of a computer graphical user interface (GUI) that allows for efficient user-control of input of important data affecting network planning. Remcom has already developed a commercial quality radio propagation model called Wireless InSite. Future plans include extending the capabilities of Wireless InSite include propagation prediction over irregular terrain including area coverage, and to mixed paths. At present there is no commercial network planning software product that will predict radio propagation over paths that simultaneously involve irregular terrain and urban features, or urban features and indoor locations, or any combination of these. The market for such a network planning software tool is large, including both commercial and DoD applications. |
| OPTO-KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS, INC.
4030 Spencer St, Suite 108 Torrance, CA 90503 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 371-4445
Dr. Nahum Gat ARMY 01-132 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Continuously variable aperture cold stop |
| Abstract: | We propose to build a continuously variable size cold stop that is mounted in a dewar and operates at LN2 temperatures. A fully functional dewar system will be demonstrated during phase I, using manual micrometer via a feedthrough. Under the proposed option the variable cold stop will be motorized. A simple scheme, that monitors signal level in selected FPA regions, can be used then in a manner equivalent to auto exposure control to control the cold stop aperture for optimal camera dynamic range. A variable cold stop can optimize operations of all cooled (as well as uncooled) IR cameras. The technology can be made a standard feature in most commercial camera types to improve performance by adjusting the f/# to match the incoming radiance just like conventional lenses are used in common photography. |
| AUSTIN INFO SYSTEMS, INC.
301 Camp Craft Road, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78746 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 329-6661
Dr. Mike West ARMY 01-133 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Stability And Support Operations (SASO) Game Theoretic Knowledge Acquisition Tool |
| Abstract: | AIS proposes to investigate a COA Knowledge Acquisition (KA) tool that blends a new AI calculus with a developing visualization technology to extend a promising prototype (FOX-GA) to the SASO/ABCS environment. The proposed Course of Action Evaluation System (CACES) enables a domain expert to readily encapsulate the SASO environment and create effective COAs for an arbitrarily collection of missions and doctrine. An initial approach, using Fuzzy Logic (FL), extends the evolutionary computational structure of FOX-GA to accommodate a fitness function that embraces SASO missions and doctrine. By coupling newly developing visualization technology from the University of Arizona with this augmented decision support product, AIS prototypes a system with innovative capabilities. Supplementing this solution, AIS proposes a second investigation of the utility of multi-agent-based simulation in approximating a complex systems theory solution to COA analysis. The underlying technology for the COA Knowledge Acquisition(KA)tool is applicable to the commercial environment as well. It requires a differing set of variables, but the process remains the same. The benefit to the military planning process is most significant. Planners will now have at their disposal a planning aid that allows them to readily approximate the environment in which stability and support operations will be conducted and to create effective COAs for anticipated missions/requirements. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
1660 So. Amphlett Blvd., Suite 350 San Mateo, CA 94402 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 655-7242
Mr. Richard H. Stottler ARMY 01-133 Selected for Award |
| Title: | An Intelligent Tool for SASO Knowledge Acquisition Without Knowledge Engineers |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop an innovative software tool that will permit military analysts to rapidly create SASO gaming systems customized for specific missions without the assistance of a knowledge engineer or programmer. Developing such a tool represents a significant challenge; thus, we suggest an integrated approach drawing upon a broad range of AI techniques. An intelligent visual knowledge editor will guide the user through the knowledge acquisition process. Automated planning techniques will allow the system to collaborate with the user, drawing upon its built-in knowledge engineering expertise to help extract the relevant information from the user. To leverage the experience of past planners, a case-based reasoner will maintain a case-base of previously encoded domain knowledge from which it can dynamically retrieve and adapt elements to fit the current mission context. In addition, a model validation module will constantly check the acquired knowledge for incomplete or inconsistent areas, and a collection of rule-based "smart wizards" will proactively aid the user with difficult tasks. The system will also include a scenario generator that can automatically translate mission domain knowledge into wargaming scenarios. We will absolutely demonstrate the feasibility of our ideas through the development of a Phase I prototype. The proposed system can be marketed as a tool for building entity-based simulations for non-scientific domains that involve analysis of complex systems, such as consumer trends analysis. |
| APPCOM, INC.
11315 Chestnut Ridge Ct. Fort Wayne, IN 46814 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(219) 625-5672
Dr. Jamshid Nazari ARMY 01-134 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Spectrally Efficient High Data Rate Robust Network Waveforms |
| Abstract: | Increased demands for data capacity, combined with increasingly limited spectral resources, are rapidly exceeding the capabilities of current communications systems in the battlefield. As in the commercial sector, the nature of the data demand is increasingly multimedia, with a variety of quality-of-service (QoS) requirements imposed on a shared spectrum. The communications infrastructure for the modern battlefield is the tactical internet, where data traffic is routed through a network of internet protocol (IP) based radios. Ultimate spectral efficiency is not determined on individual links, but by the spectral efficiency of the overall network. The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of an innovative spectrally efficient high data rate waveform for the 21st century digitized battlefield. Our multimedia waveform enhances total network spectral efficiency by comprehensively addressing all applicable protocol layers - physical, link and networking. The waveform is power efficient and adaptive at all protocol layers to respond to rapidly changing channel environments. Phase I feasibility is demonstrated by computer simulation, with a potential Phase II feasibility demonstration in a network of JTRS-compliant SUO/SAS radios. If successful, our proposed research and development will provide the Army with individual, innovative, spectrally efficient, high-data-rate waveform technologies that are multimedia, adaptive, robust, power-efficient and JTRS-compliant. But more importantly, this effort will provide the Army with a comprehensive multi-layer waveform, which coherently and synergistically combines these innovations to provide a total system performance not otherwise achievable. This waveform will also contribute directly to research and development for the military's future WNW for JTRS. |
| RADIX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
329 North Bernardo Avenue Mountain View, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 988-4723
Dr. Steve Bruzzone ARMY 01-134 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Spectrally Efficient High Data Rate Robust Network Waveforms |
| Abstract: | This Phase 1 SBIR proposal addresses a new waveform for wireless communications for the US Army's Tactical Radio Communications Systems (TRCS). The evolving digital battlefield will require significantly higher communication data rates to support transmission of voice, video and data. New, spectrally efficient waveforms will be needed to accomplish this in the presence of existing communications systems and radios. With increasing demands on limited RF spectrum, more spectrally efficient waveforms that can withstand in-channel and adjacent channel interference and jamming are required to allow the Army to fully perform its mission on today's digitized battlefield. These waveforms will need to be compatible with the Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) platforms being developed and as such will need to implemented in software. The waveform proposed herein is an advanced technology that has been matured under commercial development, and which has proved its capability to provide robust, high-efficiency communications in heavy interference and multipath environments. The waveform accomplishes this by a synergistic combination of several enabling technologies, namely packetized time-division duplex (TDD) networking protocols, stacked carrier spread spectrum (SCSS) modulation formats, fast Fourier transform (FFT) based discrete multitone (DMT/OFDM) modulation formats, adaptive antenna arrays, blind adaptive spatial and spectral despreading (receive combining) and spreading (transmit combining) algorithms, and trellis and turbo coding algorithms. The results of this Phase I program can provide a very high spectral efficiency, covert and jam-resistant waveform for hosting on the JTRS family of radios. The basic tech-nique can also be used to greatly enhance the capacity of commercial wireless voice and data commu-nications networks, cellular overlay networks, and burst-ori-ented wireless local-area networks and pri-vate branch exchanges, PCS/PCNs, and packet-data networks, where it can provide as much as 30-fold capacity over the existing GSM, D-AMPS (IS-54), CDMA (IS-95), and Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD) networks. |
| EDAPTIVE COMPUTING, INC.
1107-C Lyons Road Dayton, OH 45458 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 433-0477
Dr. John L. Bellando ARMY 01-135 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Rapid Eye-Tracking Integrated Application (RETINA-II) |
| Abstract: | EDAptive Computing, Inc. (EDAptive) presents a unique and commercially viable solution to the problem of incorporating a minimally-intrusive eye gaze monitoring system with a helmet mounted virtual display to provide improved human-machine interaction, localized display optimization and display image stabilization. Our RETINA-II (Rapid Eye-Tracking Integrated Application) program will investigate and evaluate a variety of techniques to integrate an eye gaze monitoring system with existing helmet-mounted displays (HMD). Specifically, we propose to leverage the features of our RETINAT system, a proven non-intrusive, rapid eye-tracking system developed by EDAptive, including 1) automatic, resolution-dependant accuracy scaling, 2) real-time processing, and 3) efficient and robust performance. By utilizing our existing RETINA technology, we are able bypass many development costs and focus our Phase I effort on the important integration issues, including camera choice, hardware acceleration and various communication interfaces. Our Phase I focus on feasibility assures that we provide a solution that addresses the concerns and meets the requirements set forth in the solicitation. In this proposal we present a focused approach to assess the feasibility of integration in Phase I, and prove the concept and prepare for technology transition in the form of a prototype in Phase II. This technology provides groundbreaking opportunities for the Army. The integration of a minimally intrusive eye-tracking system with a helmet-mounted display will greatly affect the Army's desire for soldier modernization. The increased efficiency of the human-machine interface and display localization based on eye gaze angle are technologies that will benefit not only the Army's immediate needs but also provide a solution to other areas of the military that utilize HMD's, such as the Air Force and Navy. In addition, this integrated technology would provide solutions in several commercial applications in medicine (endoscopic surgery and ultrasound), manufacturing (prototype 3D displays and walkthroughs) and robotics (remote guidance). |
| IRVINE SENSORS CORP.
3001 Redhill Avenue, Building #4 Costa Mesa, CA 92626 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 444-8833
Mr. Charles S Kaufman ARMY 01-136 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Miniaturized Fused Reflected/Emitted Light Camera |
| Abstract: | Irvine-Sensors Corporation (ISC) has developed a variety of technologies and advanced sensor systems that now make it practical to develop an advanced small, light weight Miniaturized Fused Reflected/Emitted Camera system. This multi-spectral camera system is based on fusing of digitized reflected image intensifier (I2) imagery with emitted long wave infrared (LWIR) thermal imagery. The I2 imagery provides high spatial resolution over a wide variety of ambient lighting conditions while the LWIR thermal imaging provides full day/night capability with the integration of emitted thermal imagery. This system collects the dual band imagery using 2 individual apertures and provides a single digital video output. The imagery will be combined at the pixel level. The LWIR imagery will be collected using a 320x240 uncooled micro-bolometer and the I2 imagery will be collected using a miniture 16mm Gen IV I2 with a 1.3 Mega-pixel CMOS imager. A high degree of miniaturization is achieved through the use of ISC's novel LWIR imaging temperature compensation approach, and using ISC's NeoChip heterogeneous 3D chip stacking technology to integrate multiple electronics functions into a single monolithic structure. This effort will result in the develop of the design of miniaturized fused multispectral camera system. This single system would be used in place multiple existing systems. This will significantly reduce operational encumbrance, simplify logistic support and enhance performance by fusing multiple camera systems into a single system. |
| PHOENIX ANALYSIS & DESIGN TECHNOLOGIES
1465 N. Fiesta Blvd., Suite # 107 Gilbert, AZ 85233 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(480) 813-4884
Mr. Michael R. McNamee ARMY 01-137 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Aerosol Collection Technology |
| Abstract: | Phoenix Analysis and Design Technologies (PADT) proposes to develop two particle collection and concentration devices, one designed for 100 LPM and another for the 600 LPM flow rate. Both configurations will be optimized for collection efficiency, power consumption, size, cost, and weight. The proposed solution is comprised of a custom inlet, a novel collection chamber, and a continuous gas-to-liquid concentration mechanism. An autonomous, `point-into-the-wind', iso-kinetic inlet is planned to maximize the inlet collection efficiency for difficult sampling conditions, such as shipboard sampling. A collection mechanism is proposed that relies upon well-understood physics and will exhibit the combined behavior of an impactor, cyclone, and centrifuge, all in one system, with minimal additional pressure loss. The gas-to-liquid concentrator will consist of a liquid injection and recovery system. Both designs will also require a preconditioning stage to remove large particles (i.e., insect, crustal matter, etc.). To meet these objectives, PADT will draw upon recent successes in system-level modeling, and a historical expertise in applying Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to critical components. Leveraging PADT's experience and current leading-edge position in rapid prototyping technologies should allow for a single, representative, `proof-of-physics' prototype near the end of Phase I. The proposed designs could have immediate application in Army and other Joint Services activities if all project targets are achieved. Other government agencies, such as the EPA, may also have need for similar devices. Additionally, civilian applications exist in areas such as pollution monitoring, environmental monitoring, hazard detection, and, particularly, in medical and virology settings. Interest has already been expressed concerning coupling the smaller device with a biosensor application for airborne particulate toxicity detection. |
| OBSERVERA, INC.
4451 Brookfield Corp. Dr., Suite 107 Chantilly, VA 20151 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(800) 444-6905
Mr. Todd Jamison ARMY 01-138 Awarded: 20DEC01 |
| Title: | Using High Resolution Multispectral and/or Hyperspectral Imagery to Improve Digital Land Cover Classification From Low Resolution Multispectral Imager |
| Abstract: | Observera proposes to integrate several innovative fusion concepts (resolution enhancement technology, high resolution signature data, and spatial texture) into the Army's process of Land Cover / Land Use (LCLU) classification from LANDSAT. This integration will result in substantially improved classification over current techniques. Specific focus will be on automating as much of these techniques as possible in order to maximize their utility for quick response missions. In addition, we will also develop the collection strategies necessary for cost-effective collection of the high-resolution imagery needed to support these new concepts. Demonstrating these capabilities lays an effective foundation for the development of an integrated classification process in Phase II, which will consist of the development of a prototype LCLU system. The Phase II effort will use rapid prototyping methodologies in order to develop a series of incrementally more capable prototype systems. Commercialization of the integrated system is one possible avenue, either as an add-on to a commercial image processing package or bundled with a commercial package as a complete system. Additionally, several of the individual components have independent commercial viability. In the larger context, the concepts developed here also enhance our ability to provide customized feature extraction capabilities to government and commercial customers worldwide. |
| ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
9971 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 829-5864
Mr. Sid Kudige ARMY 01-139 Awarded: 21DEC01 |
| Title: | Integrated Network Architecture for Information Dissemination to Mobile Subscibers (INAIM) |
| Abstract: | US warfighting strategy envisions the use of lighter, rapidly deployable, highly versatile forces that disperse widely into hostile territory. To ensure high mobility and flexibility of the forces, intelligence and tactical data must be exploited to provide customized, mission specific information to the force. The widespread availability of low-cost PDA's (Personal Digital Assistant's) equipped with wireless WAN/LAN and GPS cards facilitates customized communication and intelligence dissemination among on-the-field commanders and soldiers. Architecture Technology Corporation (ATC) proposes to design a novel architecture called Integrated Network Architecture for Information dissemination to Mobile subscribers (INAIM) that will provide communication services for mobile warfighters. INAIM services will address the problems associated with low bandwidth wireless networks and small screen mobile clients by including mechanisms for bandwidth management and dynamic content adaptation. To preserve information confidentiality and prevent Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, INAIM will provide services for secure transmissions and stealth communication. Seamless wireless communication is achieved by INAIM services utilizing link layer mechanisms and TCP/HTTP protocol optimizations. In short, INAIM services will lead to the design of a system that provides secure and seamless wireless network services for the army. The end product resulting from this research is a wireless WAN/LAN and GPS enabled PDA, CDMA/wireless LAN enabled mobile base station, with software running on mobile base stations and PDA's that enables the implementation of INAIM services. Military applications include emerging communication systems for small unit operations, emergency warning/response systems and communication systems for mobile warfighters. Civilian applications include seamless wireless access to the world wide web using handheld devices. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Dr. Susan T. Pasco ARMY 01-140 Awarded: 21DEC01 |
| Title: | Rapid Detection and Mapping of UXOs and Munitions Contaminants |
| Abstract: | Unexploded ordnance (UXO) such as TNT, HMX and RDX from buried landmines and waste munitions are a threat to both military and civilian populations. Detection of UXO can be accomplished by using a highly luminescent material whose luminescent properties change upon interaction with a target explosive compound. Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop a polymeric detection system which will safely, inexpensively and accurately identify trace amounts of UXO's and map a munitions field with <= 1 m^2 resolution. The UXO detection formulation will be optically excited by a UV laser source and the signal will be collected by an integrated detection system. The basic concept of this two-component detection system is that the polymer's fluorescence will be quenched when exposed to a target compound and a tracer component will remain fluorescent as long as the material is on the field. The detection system will consist of a spray-on luminescent detection material and an optical detection system that can be operated from a flight vehicle. In Phase I, we will develop a polymeric detection system that will identify the location of UXO at a distance of up to 500 m. The proposed polymeric detection system will provide a powerful and versatile technology that can be applied to sensitive detection of a variety of signature compounds. The underlying technology can be applied to the detection of a range of commercially important species. Particularly important dual use applications include clinical diagnostics. |
| CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP.
727 Airport Boulevard Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 668-2567
Mr. Joseph Tesar ARMY 01-141 Awarded: 17DEC01 |
| Title: | Techniques for Viewing Terrain Data on Handheld Displays |
| Abstract: | While the technology is now available to deliver complex graphics files (such as terrain maps) to field-based users using handheld computers, it is difficult to view and navigate a large graphics file through a small viewing screen. The option of increasing the size of the display to give greater resolution (and comprehension) is not practical since field based personnel need portability and small size. One way to improve graphics comprehension with limited resolution is to impart the illusion of a depth perception on a flat screen by modifying the image with techniques such as rendering, perspective, shading, and distance hazing. We will use our experience with computer game development (which frequently uses such techniques) to develop the best method for viewing terrain data on a handheld display. These techniques will help the soldier to better interpret the terrain data while in the field.. Auxiliary viewers or viewing techniques will also be evaluated, especially those techniques that can be implemented with handheld devices in the field. Commercial applications include: Surveyors, engineers, and field-based personnel. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Information Technologies Div., 20600 Gramercy Plac Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Shengji Peng ARMY 01-141 Awarded: 21DEC01 |
| Title: | A Real 3-Dimensional Digital Terrain Map System |
| Abstract: | A soldier's ability to get a feel for terrain from maps before or even while he walks over it can be critical to the success of a mission. A virtual three-dimensional view of the terrain is a dream of every warfighter. To address this Army need, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new 3-Dimensional Map System (3DIMAS). POC's approach is to store geographic data independently in a separate database imported from other applications or through the Internet. This ensures that the data to be processed is on the server, and transfers maps directly to the warfighter's portable map device, which displays real-time/static geographic data from multiple sources. This will be the first real three-dimensional map viewer application in the world. This dual mode capabilities of the proposed DIMAS provides the user with a flexible user-friendly environment. It combines portability with full client-server capability in a single application. In Phase I, POC will complete a feasibility prototype 3DIMAS. Adding a third dimension to standard 2-D displays enhances the viewer's awareness, providing better visualization of data, events, and messages. Commercial benefits in the areas of TV, medical education, and computer aided design fields will be huge. |
| CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP.
727 Airport Boulevard Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 668-2567
Mr. Joseph Tesar ARMY 01-143 Awarded: 20DEC01 |
| Title: | Pin Array Approach to the Dynamic Sand Table |
| Abstract: | Cybernet plans to provide a solution to the dynamic sand table problem by employing an array of pins driven by an arm equipped with a vector of actuators. The pins shall lie at rest upon a board filled with holes for the pins. The array board will be similar to an optical breadboard with one major exception; the holes will be as close together as the hardware allows. The pins will be placed such that they can be pushed up to protrude past the surface of the array board. This is how the device will display elevation data. Each pin's hole will have a clamping mechanism that will engage when the pin has reached the height it is supposed to represent. The pins will be pushed by a moving arm carrying a row of actuators. The entire device will be controlled by an implementation of stepped motors utilizing a simple open-looped control scheme. There are a few possible markets for a device such as the one proposed. First of all the military wishes to have such a device for use in tactical planning. This corresponds with the contractual goals of this proposal. Secondly, Construction companies who build large commercial buildings or complexes, such as theme parks or major shopping centers, may wish to have such a device for use in the planning stages of their work. They could get a physical feel for several different plans of what they plan to build, without having to build several models. Thirdly, the oil and precious materials industry may be interested in such a device for use when prospecting. The device could be used to give a field agent a feel for the area when a site visit is unwarranted. It could also be used in the planning stages of material extraction (mining and drilling). |
| XENOTRAN LLC
898 Airport Park Road, Suite 205 Glen Burnie, MD 21061 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 761-2445
Dr. Derrick J. Page ARMY 01-143 Awarded: 20DEC01 |
| Title: | Dynamic Sand Table |
| Abstract: | Xenotran proposes to conduct a program of research and development that will result in a physical terrain model with a surface that can be reconfigured based on digital terrain information. Currently, the U. S. Army produces 3-D solid terrain models using stereo lithography or CNC mills. Current modeling methods take many hours to complete and result a solid product which must be stored. The Army wishes to have equipment that can be rapidly configured as one terrain model after another. Xenotran proposes to develop, during Phase I, a rapidly adjustable sand table system that can configure a terrain model in under 3 minutes, is low-cost, and solves the storage problem. During Phase II, the resolution will be increased and the reconfiguration time will be reduced to under one minute. For displaying the digital terrain information, an overhead projector will be used to project images onto a terrain model surface. In addition to the sand table, Xenotran also proposes a projection system that will include imaging correction software. The purpose of the sand table, as opposed to a map, is to readily demonstrate the topology or elevation of a given geographic region. It is important that this be accomplished in a fast manner so that when emergency issues arise, such as emergency briefings or disaster relief, information can be relayed quickly and accurately. Having the ability to quickly produce accurate topography models will also be beneficial to a variety of other disciplines, such as resource planning and/or local and state government planning. In the private sector, there will be a large number of applications for this technology. The 3D map producing equipment will find applications in real estate planning and marketing, as well as in sports such as golf and skiing. The ability to rapidly create a 3D surface will find many applications in rapid prototyping, such as using the surface as a mold for objects like automobile body panels. Also, the entertainment and advertising industries could use this equipment for dynamic murals and advertising signs. |
| NVE CORP. (FORMERLY NONVOLATILE ELECTRON
11409 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 829-9217
Mr. Robert Sinclair ARMY 01-144 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Miniaturized, Synchronized, Data Acquisition System |
| Abstract: | A miniature distributed data acquisition system with it's own wireless local area network (LAN), based on the IEEE 802.11b specification will be developed for airblast and explosion property measurements. This system LAN will operate at up to 11 Mbps and have the added features of a synchronized clock controlling all of the remote data acquisition recorders. Since all of the recorders are connected to the central computer by the LAN, synchronizing the timing functions becomes a straight forward task. The data acquisition modules feature a dual LAN interface allowing either RF connection and/or a 2 wire cable connection for applications out side the targeted 1K meter RF range. Up to 30 recorders can be configured on the LAN with a mix of RF and cable. Up to 8 megabytes of nonvolatile storage will be available in each recorder with a conversion speed of 1 megahertz and a resolution of 12 bits. An assortment of front ends will be available on each recorder to service all of the sensors required for this program. Technogy from 100K g shock recorders developed for Eglin and Kirtland AFB will be used as a basis for this program. Both the Military and commercial industry will benefit from this product by being able to measure events in harsh environments. Synchronized measurements of events will allow distributed measurements over a wide area . The aerospace, utilities, telecommunications, petrochemical, NRC, EPA, and NASA organizations will benefit from this technology as well as automobile and aircraft impact characteristics, vehicle safety improvements, and cargo impact monitoring. |
| TRAUTWEIN SOIL TESTING EQUIPMENT CO.
6909 Ashcroft, Suite 104 Houston, TX 77081 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(713) 596-9662
Mr. Stephen Trautwein ARMY 01-145 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Rapid Determination of Field Density and Moisture Content |
| Abstract: | The broad objective of this proposal is to develop an apparatus that is capable of measuring the in-situ density and moisture content of pavement bases, embankments, and other construction sites. The PI's propose an approach based on combined measurement techniques that include time domain reflectometry, P-wave propagation, and in-situ saturation process. Phase I includes evaluation of the proposed methodology and the most appropriate technology to measure such properties. The research team envisions that the proposed approach will yield robust and accurate assessment of field density and moisture content. The proposed research has wide range of applications. The field density and moisture content measurements are required as a quality control/ quality assurance criterion in highway construction, construction of earth dams, and other earthwork projects. This research will lead to the development of a new field density/moisture content apparatus/gauge that has a major impact on the civil and construction engineering areas. Providing accurate and robust measurements results combined with no regulatory/safety restrictions will result in reducing labor time to conduct the field measurements, which means huge savings for the army and the construction engineering industry. |
| CARLYLE CONSULTING
1009 Buckingham Way Yardley, PA 19067 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 428-4556
Dr. John M. Carlyle ARMY 01-146 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Nondestructive Testing for Service Life Prediction of Reinforced Concrete Structures |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a nondestructive testing instrument with an algorithm that implements a structural life prediction model, which can be used in the field to predict the "remaining life" for concrete structures such as bridges and dams. Our approach rests firmly upon physical principles, and draws heavily upon past successful acoustic NDT projects. This minimizes the risk that the Army will obtain a method that works in theory but which will not work in real-world situations. Our project team has extensive real-world acoustic experience (with a solid background in designing acoustic NDT instruments and their software), and offers world-wide recognized expertise in the fracture and durability of concrete. We have built management controls and risk mitigation into our work plan, and have defined a project scope that fits within the Phase I budget. The results of this project will form a solid foundation for a successful Phase II project that will not only prove our approach in the field but will also produce a new, effective acoustic NDT instrument for the life prediction of engineered concrete structures. The Phase I project will demonstrate the technical feasibility of an NDT instrument that will enable owners of large concrete structures to efficiently schedule maintenance efforts towards structures that truly require repair, including bridges, dams, nuclear reactor confinement housings, parking garages, jetties and foundations. |
| KRONOS AIR TECHNOLOIGIES
8551 154th AVE NE Redmond, WA 98052 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 885-9739
Dr. Igor Kirchtafovitch ARMY 01-147 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Electrostatic Dehumidification Technology |
| Abstract: | This study will determine the feasibility and effectiveness of the motion and collection of water molecules and droplets when influenced by a strong electric field and corona discharge. An innovative way of developing a high electric field with air moving past the field will be examined and tested. The key parameters will be identified and incorporated in an improved theoretical model. The model will describe electric field and corona behavior, energy consumption, ionic charging processes, kinematics, and state transitions of water molecules and droplets in a strong electric field gradient. The model will account for interaction of these key parameters with electrode configurations, voltage and current waveforms and ions density. Comparison of relative strength of coulombic, dielectrophoretic, and Biot-Savart forces in space-charged moving media under a range of experimental conditions typical for dehumidification processes will be examined. A bench-scale system of a dehumidification apparatus will be demonstrated and its performance and efficacy will be compared to best available practices in the field. Finally, a qualitative relationship between the energy and space requirements for dehumidification and the mass of water collected and removed in different conditions and humidity rates will be formulated. In an environment where space and energy are scarce commodities, separate traditional dehumidification technology is not viable. This results in an over-spec of the air conditioning system to attempt to control the overall humidity. The result is wasted energy and poor humidity control leading to increased corrosion. An energy efficient, space-saving electrostatic dehumidification device solves many significant DoD and private industry concerns. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-7892
Dr. Michael Resnikov ARMY 01-147 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Vapor Electrostatic Condensator System (VELCOS) |
| Abstract: | A critical need for Army storage facilities is a new technology for humidity control that has very low requirements for maintenance and energy. Conventional dehumidification technologies use either the condensation of moisture below the saturation temperature of air or direct absorption of water molecules by a desiccant material. Both technologies are energy consuming because they use a difference of chemical potentials that is produced by cooling the air or heating the desiccant material (regeneration). To meet Army's need, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop an innovative new technology for humidity control, the Vapor Electrostatic Condensation System (VELCOS). The VELCOS will use the motion of dipoles in the gradient of an electric field (dielectrophoresis) and the spatial distribution of electric potential in heterogeneous media. In Phase I, POC will develop a theoretical model of the VELCOS, identify the governing parameters for the motion of water molecules, formulate the qualitative relationship between needed energy and the mass of removed water, develop and bench-scale test system, and use test results for evaluation and revision of the theoretical model. In Phase II, POC will develop and demonstrate a VELCOS prototype and test it under field conditions. The VELCOS technology can be incorporated by a variety of military applications, including field storage facilities, command facilities, and battle vehicles. Such an energy saving dehumidification unit can be a part of field air conditioning systems and closed protective suites. In addition, the VELCOS will have a wide range of commercial applications, especially in homes and medium- to small businesses in which integration of isothermal drying with an independent thermal conditioning technique will significant reduce energy consumption and provide a more comfortable and healthy environment. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-7892
Dr. Alfred Goldsmith ARMY 01-148 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Laser Opacity Retroreflector System (LORS) |
| Abstract: | During Army training or other activities, particulate matter plumes are generated that cause air quality degradation. To comply with regulatory requirements, the Army is required to measure the opacity of these plumes. The EPA method for assessing opacity requires an observer to judge opacity against the sky's background. These human observations are subjective and therefore disputable. To meet the Army's need for an objective opacity measurement of particulate matter plumes, POC proposes to develop a novel Laser Opacity Retroreflector System (LORS) that uses a low-cost, eye-safe solid-state laser diode. LORS will operate with a scanned laser and sensitive photodetector/amplifier coupled with retroreflectors placed radially in roughly a semicircle approximately two kilometers away to ensure a strong, dependable return signal. LORS will be portable, and may be hand-held, attached to a vehicle, placed in a tower, or carried aloft by an aircraft or balloon. The inexpensive retroreflectors can be permanently installed or quickly placed for one-time events. They will have hemispherical fields of view, returning all signals to the receiver regardless of angle of incidence. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate a proof-of-concept prototype; in Phase II, POC will develop a production-scale prototype LORS for field-testing. The Army, Navy, or Air Force can use the LORS system during training activities, including bombing exercises and explosive detonations that generate large plumes. LORS can also be used in connection with fires, explosions, or other accidents when large quantities of pollutant(s) are released into the atmosphere. LORS will help assess possible environmental damage, and it can also be used to monitor potential pollution (smog generation) or as an indicator of air quality. Oil refineries could use LORS either as a portable or stationary indicator of excess particulate matter or other pollutants. |
| WAVEBAND CORP.
375 Van Ness Ave, Suite 1105 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 212-7808
Vladimir Manasson ARMY 01-149 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Direct Detection Polarimetric Radiometer |
| Abstract: | The major problem in microwave radiometry is weakness of the signal. This causes a low signal to noise ratio. To attain the required temperature sensitivity it is necessary to integrate the signal for a long time. It has been shown that for icing condition detection the required integration time can be as long as several tens of seconds. Most radiometers are built as heterodyne receivers. They suffer from relatively narrow bandwidth (typically 0.5 GHz). Direct detection receivers can operate in a much wider spectrum (10 GHz and wider) and thus have better sensitivity. In recent years, with advances in HEMT MMIC technology, implementation of MMIC radiometers for MMW spectrum became a reality. A new design of a dual-frequency polarimetric radiometer is proposed. The use of direct detection MMIC receivers will make it possible to improve sensitivity and achieve compactness and cost effectiveness. The area of application of the new radiometer is detection of icing conditions in-flight for small aircraft. |
| AMERICAN GNC CORP.
888 Easy Street Simi Valley, CA 93065 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 582-0582
Dr. Ching-Fang Lin ARMY 01-150 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Coordinates Determination System Based on GPS/IMU Positioning and Acoustic Ranging |
| Abstract: | The objective of this project is to design a Coordinates Determination System Based on GPS/IMU Positioning and Acoustic Ranging. This system will provide accurate coordinates of the unexploded ordnance (UXO) in rough terrain where the GPS signals are blocked. AGNC's product, the AGNCT-2000CMIMU/GPS Palm NavigatorTM is used to provide accurate position reference at three or more points where GPS signals are available. Acoustic ranging is used to transfer the accurate positions to the handheld sensor unit that is used to detect the UXO. The accurate coordinates of the UXO are thus determined by the Palm NavigatorTM provided positions and acoustically determined ranges. In the Phase I of this project, we first perform the task of system configuration design for acoustic ranging. A correlator is used to estimate the time delay of an echoed acoustic signal. A set of orthogonal pseudo random codes are used to identify echoed signals from different transponders. Then the signal modulation scheme is designed. Next, acoustic channel circuit design is performed and implementation methods are investigated. The integration of the transponder based on the embedded GPS receiver and GPS/IMU integration is carried out. Finally the Coordinates Determination System is tested and evaluated through simulation and laboratory testing. The Coordinates Determination System Based on GPS/IMU Positioning and Acoustic Ranging developed in this project finds wide applications in the commercial sector. The typical applications include acoustic navigation of the robots, small unmanned vehicle guidance and collision avoidance, automobile collision avoidance, personal tracking etc. |
| MENZIE-CURA & ASSOC., INC.
1 Courthouse Lane, Suite 2 Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 322-2864
Ms. Katherine von Stackelberg ARMY 01-151 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of Statistical Approaches to Provide Toxicity Estimates from Exposure Data to Support Risk Assessments |
| Abstract: | The technical objective in Phase I is to review and identify potential statistical approaches for obtaining probabilistic concentration and exposure threshold values for screening contaminants of military interest (military unique compounds, or MUCs) based on existing laboratory-based toxicity and bioaccumulation data. The goal is to develop validated statistical approaches to determine the uncertainty, or confidence limits, surrounding exposure-based (e.g., bioaccumulation) toxicity estimates for use in ecological risk assessments. These tools and approaches will enhance and further develop current ecological risk assessment techniques, which tend to focus on single threshold values derived deterministically, and typically do not provide confidence intervals even in the case of probabilistic assessments. Following the identification, review, and application of potential statistical approaches that may be used to estimate concentration-based toxicity thresholds from existing toxicity and bioaccumulation data sets, we will evaluate the selected approaches. This will be done using chemical data sets that can support development of body-residue toxicity threshold and confidence intervals. We will compare the results of applications of the statistical approaches for the selected contaminants with the goal of developing an approach that combines the best features of existing methods. We anticipate developing an integrated framework to evaluate bioaccumulation and potential toxicity using sophisticated statistical techniques that quantitatively characterize uncertainty. Particular emphasis will be placed on applications of these models in cases with limited toxicity and bioaccumulation data. The statistical models developed here will be valuable for application at U.S. Army installations and training ranges as well as for civilian uses such as environmental evaluations required under the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) dredging program. This work will support environmental decisionmaking at every level and inform the regulatory process by providing quantitative uncertainty information for available toxicity and bioaccumulation data. Models and statistical approaches to developing screening levels and guidelines are in great demand by risk assessors, regulators, and the regulated community. Many users of these values are unaware of the inherent uncertainty in the calculations. This product will provide a method for obtaining threshold concentrations and associated confidence levels to characterize uncertainty in support of ecological risk assessments. |
| INTERSCIENCE, INC.
105 Jordan Road Troy, NY 12180 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 283-7500
Dr. James T. Woo ARMY 01-152 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Transportable Waste Management System for Rapid Deployment |
| Abstract: | The development of a transportable waste management suitable for rapid deployment is proposed. The system shall be based on the optimum integration of a commercial wastewater treatment system with a state-of-the-art plasma pyrolysis system. Because of the very high temperature generated by the plasma torch, the system is capable of decomposing virtually all types of materials into their elemental form, rendering them inert. Integration with a wastewater treatment system would improve the energy efficiency of the system by eliminating the need to vaporize large quantities of water which can be safely discharged after treatment, leaving only small amounts of residue which can be destroyed by the plasma pyrolysis system with other solid waste. The design of a fully self-contained, transportable system shall be based entirely on demonstrated technology. The Phase I effort is to evaluate the design options to arrive at an optimum top level design with projections of system size, weight, processing capacity, capital and operating cost, and operation and maintenance requirements. The Phase I Option shall be to initiate the detailed design for an operational prototype demonstration system to be completed under Phase II. Development of the proposed system would allow the military to resolve the various sanitary environmental safeguard and securities concerns associated with rapid deployment. The system would also find civilian and commercial applications such as for disaster relief, for installation at construction sites and transient large venues. |
| FARADAY TECHNOLOGY, INC.
315 Huls Drive Clayton, OH 45315 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 836-7749
Dr. Maria Inman ARMY 01-153 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Frequency Pulse/Pulse Reverse Processes for Water Intrusion Control in Containment Sites |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR program addresses the need for containment of hazardous species in landfills and hazardous waste sites, by preventing groundwater from leaching contaminants from the soil. The proposed approach, based on electro-osmotic methods, will use 1) pulse/pulse reverse processes to prevent water seepage through the soil, 2) pulse/pulse reverse processes to enhance mass transport rates and eliminate pH excursions, which would result in increased power consumption, and 3) integrated ion exchange electrodes to remove hazardous species from the soil, for recovery/recycle. In the Phase I program, a theoretical model will be developed to explain the effect of pulse/pulse reverse process parameters on the containment process. Small and large scale laboratory testing will validate the model, and demonstrate feasibility of the technology. In the Phase I Option period, the design of three full-scale field test systems, to be demonstrated in Phase II, will be completed, as well as further testing. Faraday will be assisted by Terran Corporation, an environmental engineering firm specializing in field installation and monitoring of DC electrochemical processes for soil remediation. The anticipated benefits of the proposed pulse/pulse reverse processes are a significant reduction in the cost of maintaining landfills and hazardous waste sites at DoD and commercial facilities, compared to current baseline technologies. Commercial applications include brownfield sites. |
| LYNNTECH, INC.
7610 Eastmark Drive College Station, TX 77840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(979) 693-0017
Dr. G. Duncan Hitchens ARMY 01-153 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative Electro-Osmotic Pulse Process for Electrokinetic Remediation |
| Abstract: | There are over 100,000 sites in the United States that are contaminated with hazardous wastes. Conventional technologies are expensive to operate (remediation costs in 1996 were estimated at 187 billion dollars) however, the beginning of this new century has seen electrokinetic site remediation and electrokinetic site preservation emerging as one of the leading site decontamination and restoration technologies. Electrokinetic soil processing is an in situ technique and contaminants are removed by utilization of an electric field applied between strategically placed electrode wells. However, without the correct fluid handling systems and electrode placement physical and chemical changes within the soil can lead to a severe drop in the effectiveness of the treatment and thus increase the cost. Lynntech Inc., has developed and patented a unique electrokinetic field deployable technology that includes all necessary fluid handling and collection systems, optimum electrode spacing, and a remote monitoring station that allows off site operation. . During Phase I Lynntech Inc., will design and build a series of bench scale electrokinetic soil test beds to simulate a landfill site, a hazardous waste site, and remediation barrier formation. In Phase II Lynntech will install and demonstrate a full scale prototype system. The technology described in this proposal will be of considerable use to the Federal Government and civilian users as a cost effective, environmentally benign, in situ method for the treatment of contaminated soils. This multi-billion dollar market can also be extended to construction and building preservation and restoration. |
| ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
9971 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 829-5864
Mr. Jordan C. Bonney ARMY 01-154 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Virtual Network Monitor (VNM) |
| Abstract: | US warfighting strategy envisions Army and Joint Interoperability focused on system-centric technology to support the information needed to sustain command and control. A key obstacle to interoperability is the development of systems from the unique perspective of each individual system. Architecture Technology Corporation proposes to develop a Virtual Network Monitor (VNM) to allow the warfighter or operator to customize the network view to ensure timely exploitation of the growing Network Information Grid. To optimize the network-centric paradigm, the VNM concept will apply proven network monitoring technologies with specific features of object oriented systems to enable symbiotic battlefield interoperability of Army and Joint systems functioning at near optimal performance and warfighting capability. The Virtual Network Monitor (VNM) is a network monitoring/management tool that will allow dynamic network changes (either preplanned or real-time) that increase communications reliability and bandwidth utilization, ensure timely delivery of critical data/information, and reduce data latency. As a product, the Virtual Network Monitor will provide a virtual view of the physical network information grid that can the customized to allow different users to tailor their field of interest to a specific subset of the grid. VNM will also provide the facilities to manage the resources of the grid as the situation changes, supporting real-time reaction to the network dynamics. This will be applicable to the many future network-centric information services being developed for business transactions, medical systems, etc. |
| BROADATA COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
2545 W. 237th Street, Suite K Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-1416
Dr. Freddie Lin ARMY 01-154 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Application Specific for Network Centric Data Processing Technology |
| Abstract: | Army AMCOM is developing network centric interoperability (NCI) technologies that can provide reduced data latency, increase processing efficiencies, improve bandwidth utilization, and enhance technical performance measures to the Army's and Joint Interoperability's network centric warfare operations. This implies that NCI based network systems have to be able to perform beyond just efficient on-time data delivery, and further include versatile autonomous data processing functions for many applications, e.g., sensor fusion. This essentially calls for an entirely new network data communication and processing system that can fully support real time BM/C3I integration in one single network platform. To address this NCI demand, Broadata Communications, Inc. (BCI) proposes to develop an Application Specific Computing Router or Application Specific CompuRouter (ASCoR) technology. The ASCoR will not only be an advanced switching router (e.g., today's switching routers that handle quality-of-service (QoS) IP/TDM/ATM data delivery), but it will also handle powerful application specific computer processing. ASCoR will identify and process a specific set of data packets for a designated application and deliver processed/analyzed data packets to pre-specified locations (e.g., command centers) in real time or on a user-on-demand basis. In Phase I, the concept and feasibility of this proposed ASCoR network system will be developed. In addition to the Army's NCI applications, this technology is also applicable to many military real time sensor data collection/processing operations and mission critical C3I network applications. The proposed technology is also applicable to commercial network, including, but are not limited to, business-to-business commerce, collaborative security networks, mission critical real time network operations (such as air traffic control and navigation), and crisis management networks. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Mr. William R. Baschnagel ARMY 01-154 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ring Buffered Network Bus (RBNB) Core Technology for Implementing Network-Centric Interoperability |
| Abstract: | In order to realize the potential of Network-Centric Warfare through Network-Centric Interoperability (NCI), a high performance information grid is essential. We propose to demonstrate that our patented Ring Buffered Network Bus (RBNBr) technology, as implemented in the commercial Java based DataTurbiner data server, is uniquely well suited to hosting this information grid and enabling true NCI in the tactical arena. Our innovative architecture uses portable Java code and standard networking protocols for deployment on most modern computers, including cost-effective PCs. It provides multi-input multi-output "ring" buffer(s) between data sources and destinations. This decouples connected applications, enabling time-synchronization of multiple real-time data sources, with simultaneous asynchronous data access from multiple on-line display and analysis stations. Merging time-synchronized data from multiple sources can occur in real-time or after the fact. Attached to an RBNB backbone, tactical sensors, command and control systems and processing applications collaborate to provide a high-performance integrated system. This network of data servers and clients creates a robust, reliable, accessible extended virtual network. Enabling the interconnection of reusable, modular legacy and custom components, our innovation greatly enhances the efficiency and performance of large-scale data distribution systems. In addition to addressing current Army interoperability requirements, we see opportunities both in other service environments as well as in industrial and manufacturing settings. The development of enterprise level business and facility management and operation practices are critical on the ability to make existing and future systems interoperable on a real-time basis. The techniques and applications developed under this effort have clear application in those environments. |
| MITECH, INC.
8484 Georgia Avenue, Suite 950 Silver Spring, MD 20910 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(970) 282-8642
Dr. Klaus Schug ARMY 01-154 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Network Centric Interoperability |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to further refine, develop and provide a proof of principal demonstration of MiTech's INCAPatPend network I/O performance enhancing technology reducing data latency, increasing processing efficiencies and improving bandwidth utilization by nearly two orders of magnitude, making possible the addition of Network Centric Interoperability (NCI) functionality to future and existing BM/C3I TAMD systems. Test results of a software implementation of INCA on actual systems and networks show almost two orders of magnitude increase in application level throughput of network data with complete interoperability with the significant investment in present and near term technologies. Retaining existing INCA interoperability with all AMCOM programs, computers, operating systems (OSs), communication protocols, network interface units and networks, will remain an objective for all Phases of the effort. The interoperability of the proposed final product will allow the application of the technology to existing systems, extending their life cycles by squashing NCI communications overhead. These top level objectives will assure timely, highly reliable, and secure interoperability for BM/C3I TAMD. The additional overhead from secure communications is also directly addressed and reduced by the same factor of 250-750 % by the proposed development of MiTech's INCA I/O processing software architecture. The anticipated result, an interoperable, able to be retrofitted, portable software library product that reduces data latency, increases processing efficiencies and improves bandwidth utilization by up to two orders of magnitude will be very attractive to military and commercial communication systems, network components and applications. The final product would provide the necessary network I/O throughput and processing performance improvements needed for implementing all anticipated real-time AMCOM system network centric interoperability communications functions. The approach of applying the resulting INCA architecture protocol library to network communications for all types of network communications and distributed systems could lead to numerous products and commercial endeavors. If added to applications, as opposed to host computers, the architecture can be used to offer high performance versions of existing and future network communicating applications such as Internet World Wide Web (WWW) browsers. Server class machines, network routers and network gateways could all make use of the technology for performance improvements. As a result, not only the multi-billion dollar simulation industry, but also almost every other telecommunications and information management system and application is a potential market for the product. |
| FASTVIDEO LLC
5565 Sterrett Pl., #322 Columbia, MD 21044 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 730-9191
Dr. Pankaj Topiwala ARMY 01-155 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Digital Television Exploitation |
| Abstract: | By 2006, all television programs in the US will be broadcasted in the new Digital Television (DTV) standard format. Digital video signals of typical sizes (SDTV 480p/i: 704x480, progressive/interlaced, 60fps; HDTV 720p: 1280x720, progressive, 60fps; HDTV 1080i: 1920x1080, interlaced, 30fps) represent a staggering raw data rates. Even with compression, the bit rate range is still overwhelming (3-19.3 Mbps). Transmitting such video over channels orders of magnitude lower in data rate requires the latest advances in compression technology as a fundamental enabler. This is especially true for communications over wireless links that often support data rates of maximum 16 kbps "C one needs more than 50,000:1 compression! While it is desirable to use standards-based solutions and commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, as we will demonstrate, no existing video coding standard can adequately meet the needs of this program. To apply the DTV technology to the more limited environments of missiles, Unmanned Ariel Vehicles (UAVs), manpackable systems, unmanned sensors, etc, we concentrate on two related solutions: 1. Optimizing and upgrading current DTV components to meet the performance, size, weight, and power constraints. Try to employ as many COTS components as possible with minimal software/hardware upgrades. 2. Exploit the most forward-looking compression technology in the market within the next five years, preferably in a form factor that can be integrated into legacy systems. While the hardware integration aspect is an important consideration, we view the most critical factor as the compression technology itself. FastVDO, in partnership with Sharp Labs of America, plans to integrate the emerging ITU-T H.26L Standard for this application, which offers proven coding efficiencies beyond all prior standards and existing technologies. Commercial applications include videophones, video for PDAs, wireless video, video streaming over the Internet, for which the standard is designed. Significantly improved sensor data transfer for the military, high-performance low-cost components for advanced digital television |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Information Technologies Div., 20600 Gramercy Plac Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Andrew Kostrzewski ARMY 01-155 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Universal Compression and Communication System |
| Abstract: | The challenge of this project is to take advantage of existing digital television (DTV) developments and apply them to missiles, unmanned vehicles, manpack systems, and unmanned sensors. The unique capabilities that Physical Optics Corporation (POC) brings to this problem are nearly lossless extreme compression techniques implemented within military size/weight/power constraints. Based on these techniques, POC proposes to develop a novel universal compression (UC) system compatible with all present and future DTV and compression standards. The proposed system hardware will have ultra-high processing power, over 30 billion operations per second, to execute even the most demanding compression algorithms for all current and emerging Advanced Television System Committee formats. Some of the advantages of UC technology include: compatibility with all current and emerging DTV standards through digital cosine transform (DCT), motion estimation, and wavelet compression; ultrahigh processing power, over 30 billion operations per second; ultralow latency of wavelet-based compression (less than 15 ms), and low latency for MPEG compression (less than 150 ms); remote selection of compression ratio from 10:1 to 4000:1. The proposed concept will find a wide range of applications in target confirmation and battle damage indication and assessment. Small volume and low weight will make the proposed system easier to integrate on munitions and small UAVs and UGVs. |
| POTOMAC ELECTRIC CORP.
One Westinghouse Plaza Boston, MA 02136 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 364-0400
Mr. Eugene Gevorgyan ARMY 01-156 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Small, Light, Inexpensive Control Valves for Fuel and Oxidizer Gels for Use in Gelled Bipropulsion Systems |
| Abstract: | A new high pressure Gel Propellant Valve is presented. Valve is completely electrical and operates at high pressures. Valve is designed for a tactical missiles but will also applicable for commercial applications. The new valve has smaller size and lower cost than currently available hydraulic valves. It will not have leaks and does not require seals. PWM control will regulate the flow of material. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4150
Mr. Brian Farrell ARMY 01-157 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Polymer Microfabrication Techniques for Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) |
| Abstract: | In this proposed Phase I effort, Foster-Miller will develop and demonstrate microfabrication and 3D packaging techniques for a new class of electronic substrate materials known as liquid crystal polymers (LCPs). Foster-Miller has been developing an electronic packaging technology based on these innovative LCPs for microwave multichip modules, advanced surface mount printed wiring boards and optoelectronic applications. We believe that LCPs have several advantages for use as MEMS substrates, including: Low substrate cost. Large substrate area. Demonstrated compatibility with microfabrication processes. Flexibility of LCP materials will allow designers to consider flexible and bendable MEMS structure. While the basic focus of this program is to develop microfabrication processes and demonstrate the ability to form microstructures in LCPs, consideration must also be given to the eventual packaging and integration of the MEMS system. In fact, many MEMS experts will tell you that packaging and interconnection is one of the biggest issues facing MEMS today. Bearing this in mind, our ultimate aim, by the end of a Phase II program, is to develop a 3D integration of the MEMS structures, associated components and the system packaging and interconnection. We believe that LCPs offer the best approach to achieving this ultimate goal. (P-0200012) This program will develop and demonstrate a low-cost MEMS device technology based on LCP substrates. This technology will allow for lower cost sensors and actuators for a host of applications ranging from photonics, biosensing, inertial and vibration sensing, to mention but a few. The need for MEMS-based devices is fueled by ever-shrinking consumer and telecommunications products and this technology will provide a low-cost solution to these markets. |
| MICROSOUND SYSTEMS
34935 SE Douglas St., Suite 200 Snoqualmie, WA 98065 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 396-5707
Mr. Joe Ketterl ARMY 01-157 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Polymer Microfabrication Techniques for Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) |
| Abstract: | Industry and the military have strong unmet needs for greater miniaturization and efficiency of device functions including sensing, switching, robotics, microfluidics, optics, and power generation. Micromachining of polymers and other materials besides silicon, when combined with technologies such as flexible high density interconnects, could provide economical solutions. Development of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) has traditionally borrowed or adapted processing technology used for silicon-based integrated circuit manufacturing. This approach has serious limitations impeding widespread implementation of MEMS. A polymer-based microfabrication technology could provide functionality far beyond that of silicon-based MEMS devices and at much lower cost. Polymers could be used with microstereolithography to fabricate very large arrays of many different three-dimensional structures or devices, whereas the silicon-based technology is restricted to planar two-dimensional devices consisting of at most several layers, with arrays being limited by wafer size. In this Phase I SBIR program, MicroSound Systems proposes to investigate the use of polymers for fabricating MEMS sensors. Processing polymers for MEMS will be demonstrated by making a small set of different types of sensors in Phase I, and processes for fabricating large arrays of a variety of such devices will be developed in Phase II. Microfabrication of MEMS and sensors from new electronic and optical polymers could perform a much greater variety of sensing functions than silicon, and this would allow the manufacture of affordable sensors useful for monitoring warfighters and eaquipment, and detecting biohazards and mines. |
| CARCO ELECTRONICS
104 Beta Drive Pittsburgh, PA 15238 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(412) 408-6404
Mr. Kenneth Willis ARMY 01-158 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Compact Range Implementation of RF Target Glint Signatures for Multi-mode Hardware-in-the-loop Simulations |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes a hardware-in-the-loop (HWIL) system for testing millimeter wave radio frequency (RF), multi-mode missile seekers. The system consists of a unique five-axis (three seeker axes plus two target axes) flight motion table (FMT), an off-axis parabolic RF reflector, RF feeds, and an electronics box for the control of RF phase plane. RF energy of a given target signature is fed into the reflector from a antenna feeds assembly mounted on the inner target axis, at the focal point area of the parabolic reflector. The parabolic reflector, together with the three RF antenna feeds (the Compact Range), effectively produces a far-field image of the RF target. Both FMT target axis motion and electronic control of the RF beams (deflection) modify the simulated line-of-sight target angles. Multiple (multiplexing) targets, glint, multi-path, and ECM, can be introduced electronically. To evaluate multi-mode seekers, the center section of the parabolic reflector is replaced with an IR-transparent, but RF-reflective section. An IR scene projector or Semi-Active Laser (SAL) return generator mounts to the FMT target axes, with its image focused on the intersection of the FMT seeker axes. The system eliminates the need for a large anechoic chamber and "Target Wall" or target motion system used with conventional HWIL systems. The compact range is less expensive to procure and operate than alternative HWIL systems that require an anechoic chamber. Multi-mode missile simulation can achieve perfect registration of both the RF and IR target systems and provides precise control over seeker/target geometry. Many foreign and domestic prime missile development contractors are potential customers for commercial applications. |
| WAVEBAND CORP.
375 Van Ness Ave, Suite 1105 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 212-7808
Lev Sadovnik ARMY 01-158 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Compact Optimized Multimode Simulator Utilizing a Novel Electronically Steerable Antenna |
| Abstract: | WaveBand's solution for RF target glint signature generation as it applies to a compact range multi-mode hardware-in-the-loop (HWIL) simulator is based on the following three innovations: a phase/amplitude controlled electronically steerable module (ESM); wide angular view adjustable MMW optics; and a trichroic beamcombiner, for the alternative geometry of RF folding/IR transparent window. The combination of these novel, but verified, techniques allows WaveBand to optimize the compact range design and fabrication, both in terms of the overall range footprint and of its cost and complexity. WaveBand's solution overcomes inherent compact range limitations caused by the fact that the far-field antenna requirements cannot be satisfied. The application of the proposed innovations will enable: 10 MHz angle of arrival update rate for the composite signal synchronized with the seeker waveform; multiple target simulation; 1.0 GHz instantaneous bandwidth; +/- 1.5 mrad accuracy of beam pointing; dynamically adjustable beamwidth compatible with the seeker under the test (SUT); multi-mode operation by combining IR and SAL signals with MMW on SUT. Phase I will demonstrate experimentally 1-D functionality of the proposed compact simulator using WaveBand's scanning antenna as SUT. The proposed range will benefit MMW radar development for automotive, aviation, security, railroads and marine markets as a compact and affordable test bed. |
| ZONA TECHNOLOGY, INC.
7430 E. Stetson Drive, Suite 205 Scottsdale, AZ 85251 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(480) 945-9988
Mr. Ping Chih Chen ARMY 01-159 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Body-Flexure Control with Smart Actuation for Hypervelocity Missiles |
| Abstract: | We take advantage of the flexibility of slender missiles, rather than treating it as an undesirable feature, by using smart structure (PZT) to actuate the CKEM center-body in achieving instant bending through aeroelastic amplification. Thus, the CKEM can be controlled effectively in hypersonic/supersonic flight without any control canards. Nor would it require mechanical actuation for hinged bent-nose control. Hence, the merit of the body-flexure PZT control CKEM design lies in its being a simpler system but with reduced weight and enhanced maneuverability. The proof-of-concept study is overwhelmingly positive in favor of PZT-actuated body flexure control design concept. A low-power PZT control system is proven feasible for trim, and high-G maneuver control of hypervelocity CKEM configurations. While maintaining stability, the CKEM smart-actuation control forces and moments can be amplified by the aeroelastic effects of an optimum aeroelastically-tailored composite structure using ASTROS* optimization. ASTROS* can also optimize sensor and PZT locations which are necessary to achieve an ultimately effective control system design. ZONA intends to work closely with the MRDEC R&D personnel and system developers for the continuing staged-CKEM development. The phase I outcome will be a minimum weight structure and a minimum-power integrated control system design that satisfies given performance requirements. ZONA envisions that ASTROS* and its presently developed modules in aerodynamics/aerothermoelasticity/ASE/sensor-PZT optimization for hypervelocity CKEM can become a powerful extended MDO engineering tool for design/analysis of modern aerospace vehicles. (1) With a CRDA approved, ZONA will market the extended ASTROS* to the aerospace industry worldwide through its 15-year software licensing network; (2) Potential applications include next-generation missiles/projectiles, TAV/RLVs, modern fighters, UAV/UCAVs , etc.; (3) Potential customers include DoD, NASA and aerospace/defense industry. |
| EERGC CORP.
18A Mason Irvine, CA 92618 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 768-3756
Mr. Mark Sheldon ARMY 01-160 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Novel Gellants for Optimized Fuel Gels |
| Abstract: | Gelled propellants are generally safer to handle, have reduced flammability and detonability, and lower spill susceptibility compared to traditional liquid fuels. However, they are more difficult to atomize and combust, and the presence of the gelling agent can cause a loss of specific impulse. EERGC Corporation in cooperation with subcontractor TRW, a leader in gel propellant technology, proposes an SBIR project to identify promising particulate gellants for use in MHZ and DMAZ bipropellant fuels and to optimize them with respect to chemical stability, gel stability and properties, rheology, combustion performance and cost. Models, calculations, and engineering judgement will be used to evaluate and screen a number of potential gelling agents based on their theoretical ability to form gels with MHZ and DMAZ, to react with the oxidant but not the fuel, and to burn quickly leaving minimal visible signature. The more promising ones will be selected for limited testing for chemical and short-term gel stability, density, centrifuge stability, and yield point; and the most promising ones will be selected for more detailed testing including long term stability and high-shear rheology tests. An optional bridge to Phase II is proposed to examine variations of the best gels to optimize gel properties. The gel fuels to be developed in this proposed SBIR project will be suitable for integration into Common Missile and modernized Hellfire program applications. This is applicable to a number of missile systems such as TOW, Javelin, Hellfire, and potentially Stinger-type systems. In addition, gel propellants' potential for enhanced safety and control make them appealing for NASA launch vehicles, spacecraft, and satellites as well as future commercial spaceflight applications. |
| ACTA, INC.
2790 Skypark Drive, Suite 310 Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-1008
Dr. Timothy K. Hasselman ARMY 01-161 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Stochastic Neural Network Model for Missile Reliability Prognostics |
| Abstract: | The proposed project will demonstrate the feasibility of developing a Stochastic Neural Network for Missile Reliability Prognostics. A neural network model will be developed to predict missile reliability based on the environmental history of particular missiles. Prediction training will be employed to predict missile reliability at future times, based only on training data available at the current time. Principal components metrics will be used to quantify generic modeling uncertainty based on past experience, for purposes of evaluating the predictive accuracy of future reliability estimates. The innovation proposed here will combine the benefits of prediction training and generic uncertainty modeling to quantify the accuracy of reliability predictions based on a statistical comparison of earlier predictions with subsequent observations. Both will be correlated with measurements of the ambient environment recorded by a data logger. Statistical analyses of the environmental data will be performed to coincide with the update of reliability information, reducing the environmental data to time dependent statistical parameters. In addition to providing the Army with a tool for missile reliability prognostics, an immediate spin-off might very well be the application to Sandia's maintenance of the Nation's nuclear weapons stockpile, where radiation is an important environmental factor. Other potential applications involve various types of mission-critical equipment used by all branches of the armed services, as well as both military and commercial aircraft. ACTA has taken the first steps in developing a fiber-optic structural health monitoring system for aerospace vehicles under a SBIR project funded by NASA. This system will record stress cycle histories throughout an aircraft for purposes of monitoring its structural health. The use of a reliability prognostics tool in conjunction with stress cycle monitoring could significantly improve the operational safety of military and commercial aviation. |
| COMBUSTION RESEARCH & FLOW TECHNOLOGY, I
174 North Main Street, P.O. Box 1150 Dublin, PA 18917 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 249-9780
Mr. Brian J. York ARMY 01-162 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Extended, Transient, Rocket Exhaust Plume Modeling |
| Abstract: | The extended transient exhaust plume from hypervelocity tactical missiles contains particulates which degrade EM waves used for guidance and/or tracking. Our proposed Phase I effort initiates the development of an efficient parallel architecture framework to analyze the complete transient plume, from launch to target, using specialized Navier-Stokes methodology in a dynamic and expanding grid system. A multiple time-scale formulation is used to treat the disparate scales in the plume nearfield, farfield, and atmospheric dispersion domains. Efficiency strategies will be examined using a sequence of quasi-steady solutions. A key element of our Phase I work entails the inclusion of RANS particle dispersion methodology which utilizes a Lagrangian particle solver and implements stochastic methods to emulate the turbulent eddy structure. The eddy structure for high speed plumes differs substantially from that in lower speed laboratory jets and we will use LES simulations with particles to provide data at higher speeds. An optional task entails use of our dynamic grid, incompressible unstructured code to simulate atmospheric dispersion over an ever expanding and moving domain using Lagrangian methodology within an LES framework. A demo calculation will be performed for a CKEM type missile over a complete trajectory. The ability to deal with the extended transient plume problem has significant commercial potential as related to a variety of dispersion problems which include: (1) dispersion of noxious elements from rocket boosters during launch; (2) vented exhaust plume products from Naval launchers as related to IR and ship component interaction problems: (3) Varied commercial smokestack dispersion problems; and, (4) Chem/Bio bunker venting and threat missile post-hit cloud dispersion scenarios. This effort will expand the types of problems we can support and will enhance the commercialization of specialized codes we now license. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
655 Aspen Ridge Drive Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Dr. Iain Mckinnie ARMY 01-163 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Novel Compact Short-Pulse Eyesafe Transmitter |
| Abstract: | Compact, rugged and efficient imaging ladar transceivers are required for future autonomous navigation and missile guidance systems. Current systems do not simultaneously satisfy requirements for transceiver size, weight, prime power, robustness and high range resolution. This is particularly true of the most expensive and complex transceiver subsystem - the ladar transmitter - which must provide 1 nanosecond class pulses to resolve <20-cm depth for typical target features. Currently available transmitters cannot address all of the operating requirements: Q-switched lasers based on Erbium do not meet the pulse width requirements due to the low gain; mode-locked lasers do not provide a robust solution and excessive PRFs lead to range ambiguity; in OPOs, sensitivity to phase-mismatch, pump parameters, and build-up inhibit efficient sub-nanosecond pulse generation; and bulk Raman lasers are inefficient under low energy, high PRF operation. CTI proposes a breakthrough miniature, short-pulse (< 1-nanosecond) eyesafe transmitter to meet the requirements for a scanning ladar system. The transmitter combines two proprietary technologies for pulse compression, high efficiency and high beam quality. Together with a novel approach to rugged optical component mounting, this provides a robust and compact transmitter architecture. Phase I will validate the novel transmitter and mount concepts. Phase II will develop and test prototype transceiver components. Anticipated applications include (1) laser range finding for military and commercial markets, (2) eye-safe laser remote sensing transmitters, (3) a new line of compact diode-pumped eye-safe lasers for industrial, medical, and scientific applications. |
| IRVINE SENSORS CORP.
3001 Redhill Avenue, Building #4 Costa Mesa, CA 92626 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 444-8730
Mr. David Ludwig ARMY 01-163 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative Technology Development for Lasar Radar (LADAR) |
| Abstract: | ISC plans to utilize its packaging expertise to design a miniature LADAR receiver system for 1Km active imaging applications. The receiver will contain custom designed readout electronics in a stacked silicon module configuration. The custom ICs will contain signal processing electronics to determine the time of arrival of laser pulse echoes. The system will also employ a stack of off-the-shelf digital electronics taht will make up the image processing section of the receiver. The receiver electronics will be made up of three boards each 2.5 x 2.5 inches. The digital processor stack is based on the Intel StrongArm processor and will be able to run Windows NT or Linux operating system. The reduction in receiver electronics can greatly improve the marketability of commervial 3D imaging systems. The areas of most significant growth would be in the industrial applications of civil and mechanical engineering. A similar reduction in the volume of the transmitter electronics would complete the tranformation. ISC will team with an established industrial LADAR company for commercialization. |
| QUANTERION SOLUTIONS
811 Court St. Utica, NY 13502 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 732-0097
Mr. Preston MacDiarmid ARMY 01-164 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Reliability Analysis and Project Tracking Environment (RAPTRE) Tool |
| Abstract: | Military program offices are challenged to make effective reliability decisions throughout development and acquisition programs. The decisions range from determining what reliability requirements to specify to assure that the system users' mission needs are met to selecting the most effective means of assessing whether the system reliability is adequate to pass through various program decision "gates." These challenges are often faced by personnel with varying reliability-specific experience and training who have multiple program responsibilities and, therefore, need the benefit of the accumulated knowledge and expertise that a tool like RAPTRE offers. The proposed RAPTRE tool will bring together the types of decision rules, analysis tools, checklists, as well as other forms of reliability knowledge, information and data to facilitate the decision making process. The tool's project tracking capability will provide a mechanism for measuring the effectiveness of reliability approaches in the form of lessons learned and metrics tracking allowing it to "learn" from continued use. Although the RAPTRE tool will be developed for the military, it has tremendous long term commercial potential as well. The development of RAPTRE will greatly facilitate the reliability decision making process for military programs but it will also be very useful outside the military. Other government organizations like NASA, the FAA and NOAA face many of the same reliability decisions as the military; the same is true for non-government organizations like the International Atomic Energy Agency, the Electric Power Research Institute, the Gas Research Institute as well as the utility industry in general. In this era of Defense Acquisition Reform with "performance based requirements" RAPTRE can be very effective in helping prime contractors structure their reliability approaches that will successfully meet the government's needs. Also, because reliability and quality have become discriminating product attributes in the marketplace, commercial manufacturers can benefit from use of the tool as well. Benefits of using RAPTRE for organizations buying and using systems and products are more effective reliability decisions, and therefore lower risk and lower cost in meeting the users' needs as well as in fielding more supportable systems. To the developers and manufacturers of products and systems the benefits are more success in the marketplace, whether competing for government systems or selling commercial products, lower warranty costs and reduced manufacturing costs. |
| SIMULATION TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3307 BOB WALLACE AVENUE,, Suite 3 HUNTSVILLE, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 955-7288
Dr. Annie V. Saylor ARMY 01-165 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Common High Resolution Modularized Millimeter Wave (MMW) Scene Generator |
| Abstract: | A radar scene generator meeting the requirements of both digital and hardware-in-the-loop (HWIL) simulations for modern millimeter wave (MMW) systems is proposed. The scene generator will meet the level of fidelity expectations of digital simulations, with adaptability to real-time HWIL applications. The simulation will be modularized so that it can be adapted to varying waveform parameters, while retaining computational efficiencies necessary to real-time updates. Simulation Technologies, Inc. (SimTech) proposes to approach this problem using real-time radar scene generation computers and software tools. The scene generator will be targeted to two markets, the first of which are the DoD and contractors who develop radar seeker systems. The second market is to signal and image analysis medical applications using the specialized math libraries developed as part of the scene generator. |
| BLUE ROAD RESEARCH
Clear Creek Business Park, 376 NE 219th Ave Gresham, OR 97030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(503) 667-7772
Mr. Whitten Schulz ARMY 01-166 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Embedded Sensor Technology for Solid Rocket Motor Health Monitoring |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR will study the potential of a multi-axis fiber grating strain sensor system that is capable of monitoring strain internal to a solid rocket motor bondline. This multi-axis technology would allow unique multidimensional strain field analysis via a non-intrusive, embedded optical sensor. This technology could not only be used to monitor solid rocket motors, but has a wide range of aerospace platform applications, both military and commercial that employ bonded structures. It is also possible that this technology could be used on ships, briges, and other large structures where bonded materials are playing an ever more important role. |
| MICRON INSTRUMENTS
4509 Runway St. Simi Valley, CA 93063 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 522-4676
Mr. Herbert Chelner ARMY 01-166 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Embedded Sensor Technology for Solid Rocket Motor Health Monitoring |
| Abstract: | One of the important parameters required for solid grain motor health montitoring is case bond stress. It is also the most difficult parameter to measure. To be a health monitor, these sensors must be small so as not effect the performance of the motor. They must have very low thermal hysteresis and long term stability. Service life determination requires the monitoring of additional prameters such as temperature, humidity, shock and vibration. Phase 1 is to improve a currently available bond stress sensor to make it more accurate and stable. Sensors and loggers will be fabricated and used in support of the customer defined sample testing program. Phase 2 will continue with anologue motor trials and work to improve logger capability. During Phase 3, the Phase 2 logger will be developed which will provide real time data and location via a satellite com link. Digagnostics within the logger permits fault danger detection warnings, complete measurement data and useful life computation. The system will be self powered, light and versitile. It will accomodate any sensor and communicate via parallel BCD, RS485, optical or transmit to a satellite. Real time detection of damage to strategic missiles in silo's or during shipment permits avoidance of explosions and malfunctions. It also eliminates the need for expensive removal from silos or storage for X-ray and other non destructive and destructive testing. This saves on test facilities, eliminates potential damage during shipping and the cost of testing and extends the useful life. The system is capable of health detection and sending real time warning of critical faults when and where they occur via satellite or other detectors. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Dr. George P. Hansen ARMY 01-167 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Assessing the Impact of Lead-free Solders on the Long-term Reliability of Weapon System Electronics. |
| Abstract: | Lead based solders have been used for decades to make conductive and structural connections in electronic assemblies. Whole manufacturing technologies are based on the melt, flow and wetting characteristics of these materials and establishing new solder platforms requires substantial and pervasive changes in the industry. As industry moves away from the use of lead in electronic assemblies, the development of qualification standards for lead free solders and conductive adhesives is needed to ensure continued performance reliability. In the proposed work, TRI/Austin will develop procedures that can be used as a "standard of evaluation" for lead free solders, making it possible to compare them with each other and with well established lead/tin solders. During Phase I, leading lead free solder alloys and conductive adhesives suitable for military applications will be cataloged. Standardized models to predict thermal-mechanical failure will be developed, given a formulation and a specified geometry. A standardized stress test will be designed to validate the above model and enhance failure prediction. TRI's expertise in accelerated life testing will provide the basis for evaluating lead free solders using thermal models and in the simulation of actual exposures to various "real world" environmental conditions. The proposed technology will be enhance the reliability of future missile and other weapons systems, and is applicable to National Missile Defense initiatives. It will also provide the commercial electronics industry with tools to increase the reliability of future consumer electronic components that will use lead free solder interconnects. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-7892
Dr. Paul Shnitser ARMY 01-168 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Multiwavelengths Laser Blood-Flowmetry/Oximerty for Monitoring of Angiogenesis |
| Abstract: | Neoangiogenesis, the formation of new capillaries, is critical for normal healing of various injuries. The cross-sectional dimensions of the newly developed blood vessels range from one micron to tens of microns. Therefore, a technology with a very high spatial resolution is needed for angiogenesis monitoring. Current imaging technologies such as MRI and Doppler sonography provide spatial resolution just down to a few millimeters. To overcome these drawbacks, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to design and develop a novel Multiwavelength Laser Confocal Doppler Microscope (MLCDM). The MLCDM will be capable of performing simultaneous measurements of both blood flow velocity and blood oxygenation -- rapidly and with a spatial resolution down to 20 microns. The combined measurement of both parameters will create an opportunity for a reliable monitoring of neovascularisation. POC's proposed MLCDM integrates laser Doppler flowmetry with oximetry and is designed on the basis of optical coherence tomography/confocal microscopy with an electronically tunable liquid crystal lens. The MLCDM prototype developed for superficial operation in Phase I will be adapted in Phase II for endoscopic applications. The proposed MLCDM will be at the forefront of optical diagnostic technologies that by mapping simultaneously blood flow velocity and oxygen concentration providing an indicative tool for neovascularization monitoring and hence, early evaluation of the process of wound healing. This instrument may be used for diagnostics and monitoring of numerous diseases such as diabetes, mellitus and atherosclerosis, Raynaud's phenomenon and different vasculitieses. Potential spin-off products and applications for this technology include diagnostic endoscopy and colposcopy. |
| DIMENSIONAL MEDIA
22 W 19th Street New York, NY 10011 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(212) 620-4100
Dr. Alan Sullivan ARMY 01-169 Awarded: 14DEC01 |
| Title: | Surgical Simulation Workstation based on the DepthCube 3D Display |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a general purpose PC based surgical simulation workstation utilizing our new DepthCube 3D DisplayO technology combined with Sensible Technologies' PhantomO haptic interface. The DepthCube display creates full color true 3D volumetric images that float in space where they can be touched and felt through an appropriately calibrated and aligned haptic interface. The workstation will integrate the DepthCube display and haptic interfaces into a single hardware assembly. We will also develop and integrate a simulation workstation application programming interface (SWAPI) that will allow simulator developers to define the visual and tactile characteristics of their simulated anatomy through a haptic extended version of OpenGL. The API will manage all of the visual and tactile resources of the workstation leaving the developer free to concentrate on the challenges of simulating anatomy and developing surgical training methodology. By building their software around our simulation workstation and API the simulator developers are guaranteed a set of reliable and integrated visual and tactile resources. They also obtain flexibility by being able to run a range of simulation applications on a single platform. The proposed system will also provide portability by being what we hope is a commonly available simulation resource. Surgical simulation systems for training, pre-operative planning, and the development of new surgical procedures are expected to play a valuable role in the improvement of patient outcomes through the reduction in the duration of procedures and the rate of mistakes. However, current mannequin-based simulators, such as MedSim's PeopleSim Simulator, deal only with a very narrow range of procedures and severely limit student throughput. What is needed is a general-purpose PC-based surgical simulation platform on which an unlimited range of surgical simulation software applications can be run. This approach would allow a single system to simulate any part of the body for training and allow multiple systems to simulate the same or different procedures as determined by the instructor. The simulation workstation developed under this proposal has additional applications that extend well beyond medicine. Indeed the system can be used for training any tactile task that can fit within the display volume of the workstation. Additionally, the same platform can also serve as the control console for a wide range of telepresence tasks included telepresence surgery, remote surveillance, hazardous waste manipulation, undersea and outer space robots, and micro and nano manipulation. |
| PROCELL CORP.
2190 Fox Mill Road, Suite 200 Herndon, VA 20171 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(202) 745-2491
Dr. Yvonne Rosenberg ARMY 01-170 Awarded: 14DEC01 |
| Title: | Preparation and Testing of Human Compatible Serum Butyrylcholinesterase |
| Abstract: | Exposure to organophosphates (OPs), in the form of nerve gas and insecticides poses an ever increasing military and civilian threat. In recent years exogenous administration of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) have been successfully used as safe and efficacious prophylactic treatments due to their capacity to scavenge OPs in the blood before inhibition of the targeted endogenous AChE can occur. Importantly BChE has also been used for treating cocaine-overdosed individuals and alleviating succinylcholine-induced apnea. However, while the currently used methods of native enzyme isolation from frozen plasma are effective on a laboratory scale, they are time consuming and expensive. These factors, coupled with potential safety issues associated with the purification of proteins from human blood (i.e. hepatitis, HIV, prion contamination), highlight the importance of developing recombinant BChE technology as an alternate and parallel strategy for the commercial production. This Phase I application proposes to produce highly purified recombinant rhesus macaque BChE (rMaBChE) that exhibits chemical and functional properties similar to the native enzyme i.e. circulatory stability and no immunogenicity when injected into an homologous host. Administration of native Ma BChE into macaques results in long circulatory times and serves as an excellent system for elucidating rBChE expression technology and for comparing homologous native plasma-derived and recombinant forms for use as OP scavengers. The study involves three specific aims (i) To clone and express two different MaBChE cDNA clones in CHO cells and to further sialylate the protein in vitro in order to mimic glycosylation pattern similar to the native form (ii) To test the stability of each purified products in vivo following injection of mice and (iii) to examine the pharmacokinetics of the most stable sialylated rBChE (both fresh and frozen) in homologous macaques. In phase II, through collaborative efforts or partnerships, scaled-up production of a highly effective human rBChE scavenger will be done under GMP conditions in order to conduct human trials. Commercial applications include situations where delivery of `self" protein based drugs are life saving e.g. 1) for the rapid treatment of inhaled toxins eg nerve gas 2) for increased quality of life for patients requiring chronic i.m. or i.v. administration of protein/peptides (i.e. diabetics) 3) alleviating life threatening condition(s) e.g. apnea in BChE atypical people 4) for delivery safer and more efficacious vaccines human studies |
| PMI, INC.
5951 Halpine Road Rockville, MD 20851 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 816-9212
Mr. Edwin R. Hotchkiss ARMY 01-171 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of a Mobile, Miniaturized, Field Deployable Pupillometer to Assess Fitness for Duty |
| Abstract: | DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT RESEARCH This project will take the commercially available FIT 2000 pupillometer and make it smaller, lighter, and more resistant to environmental extremes for use by a wider commercial and military population. Prior research has validated the present FIT pupillometer as a rapid, noninvasive, self-administered test for sleep deprivation related impairment as well as impairment from drugs and alcohol. This project proposes to redesign the present FIT pupillometer, which is currently restricted to indoor use under constant light conditions, to achieve a new mobile version that can be used in varying weather and ambient light conditions. Performance variation due to impairment from sleep deprivation and other causes is a very common problem in the military as well as in commercial operations. With this simple and fast technology, management can evaluate the readiness of troops or employees and therefore assess the risk of accidents in safety sensitive tasks versus continuing operations. Phase I will complete the overall design of the "mobile" FIT including both the technical design and packaging concept. In addition, Phase I will design and execute a study to determine the effect of ambient light differences on Saccadic Velocity, Pupil Diameter, Constriction Latency and Constriction Amplitude. Phase II will be to implement the design into a full development project and build 6 prototypes to use for measuring and compensating for ambient light effects on normal and sleep deprived subjects. Phase III will be to build production models for both military and commercial applications. The current FIT 2000 design has already shown that there is market demand for a fast, non-invasive test that can show the presence of risk factors associated with both overt and covert performance deficits. The current design will only operate under very mild environmental conditions including constant ambient light which severely limits the utilization of the current device. Once the new mobile design has been completed as part of Phase II with full validation, the market potential within military and commercial applications is huge. The military and many commercial applications have become extremely concerned with sleep deprivation and is actively looking for ways to better manage this issue. The new design impairment screener can be used for sleep deprivation only or as a full fitness-for-duty screener in safety critical industries such as mining and transportation. The Phase I benefit will be the completion of all of the feasibility testing addressing the open issues that exist today along with a complete plan to bring this technology to its full potential. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4157
Mr. Malcolm Taylor ARMY 01-172 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Field Portable Blood Collection and Separation Device |
| Abstract: | A military version of Haemonetics Corporation's Chairside Separatorr will be developed which meets or exceeds all of the U.S. Army requirements for blood collection and separation. The Chairside Separatorr is based on Haemonetics' Dynamic DiskT technology, which allows rapid collection and processing of blood in a very small package. In addition, faster and simpler methods of leukocyte reduction will be investigated to advance the state of the art in this area. The small, lightweight, and highly automated Chairside Separatorr being developed for the civilian market already meets most of the requirements for use in a military environment. In the Phase I project, a simplified concept for leukocyte reduction will be defined and demonstrated on a "breadboard" set-up. An overall concept design for a military version of the Chairside Separatorr will be defined, incorporating the new leuko-reduction technology if appropriate. The optional effort, if approved, will define data transmission methods and protocols for military use of the device. The concept design and technology demonstration done during Phase I will be the basis of prototype device development and submission for FDA approval in Phase II. (P-020017) Successful development of a military version of the Chairside Separatorr and simpler means of leukocyte reduction, will allow blood to be collected and processed more conveniently in a military environment. Meeting the U.S. Army development objectives will result in significant cost savings as well. If appropriate, technology developed for the military version of the device may be applied the civilian version, which is already nearing commercialization. |
| 3RD MILLENNIUM, INC.
125 Cambridge Park Drive Cambridge, MA 02140 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 441-3030
Dr. Jack Pollard ARMY 01-173 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of Web-driven Bioinformatic Platform for Microarrays |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to create an innovative bioinformatics system for the management and analysis of microarray data. It will be a new generation of informatics system that goes well beyond any system presently available. The system will not only allow users to track the generation of data with a flexible laboratory information management system (LIMS), but it will also allow users to track and manage the analysis of the data automatically with a pioneering analysis information management system (AIMS). The AIMS portion of the system interfaces with external bioinformatics tools and databases to allow users to process and interpret their data. The integration of LIMS and AIMS will produce dramatic new benefits to researchers in terms of improved research quality and decreased time to biological discovery. Existing microarray informatics systems are very incomplete solutions because they fail to address the entire process and fail to track and integrate critical experimental and analysis information. No existing solution provides as complete or as integrated a solution as system proposed here. Technologies developed for this proposal will also be extremely effective for the management and analysis of other biological, high throughput functional data besides microarrays. Benefits: Significant cost reductions for conducting and analyzing microarray experiments. Dramatic improvements in the speed for conducting microarray experiments and for analyzing and appropriately documenting results. Substantial new functionality to support collaboration and sharing of data and knowledge resulting from varied uses of microarray technologies. Potential Commerical Applications: New class of LIMS, AIMS, and LIMS-AIMS combination products for microarray, protein-protein interactions, and metobolic research markets. |
| KUMETRIX, INC.
29524 Union City Blvd. Union City, CA 94587 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 476-0950
Dr. Robert Jones ARMY 01-174 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Aptamer Array Microsampler for Detection of Cancer Markers |
| Abstract: | There is an acute need to rapidly detect cancer markers and help diagnose cancer at the earliest stage possible. The objective of this Phase I proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of developing a simple point-of-care diagnostic tool for the detection of cancer markers. Early diagnosis of prostate, ovarian, breast and other cancers will allow the physician to intervene earlier in the cancer progression, with greatly improved outcomes. Rapid monitoring of cancer markers will also allow evaluation of a cancer patient's response to therapy and to check for recurrence or metastatic spread. We propose a revolutionary new device for the detection of cancer markers via the synergy of two emerging technologies, the silicon microsampler that was pioneered at Kumetrix for painless blood sampling combined with rapidly developing aptamer technology. The proposed diagnostic device will enable the user to quickly and accurately identify cancer markers. Early identification of cancer will lead to immediate treatment and thus a much greater chance of recovery. This small device will painlessly draw a blood sample and quickly determine the presence of cancer markers. Identification of cancer at a very early stage will permit timely intervention, thus greatly enhancing recovery rates. This device has applications for both military and civilian care. |
| PARAVANT, INC.
3520 U.S. Highway 1 Palm Bay, FL 32905 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(321) 727-3672
Mr. Lary Beaulieu ARMY 01-175 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ruggedized Medic |
| Abstract: | The Army medical community needs a small ruggedized computer for use in combat casualty care and field health support operations. This device must meet the functional needs and requirements of the field medical first responder and be of a rugged nature sufficiently robust to withstand and operate in the severe environmental conditions operationaly encountered. In response to this requirement, Paravant proposes a coordinated modification and redevelopment effort to provide an operating Rugged Medic handheld computer, using Paravant's existing RHC-1000 (Windows CE/Linux) and RHC-500 (Palm OS) rugged handheld computer designs as a baseline. The resulting Rugged Medic computer will provide a unique environmentally sealed implementation of the (PIC) read and write system, as well as a user available PCMCIA interface card slot to facilitate such functionality as high speed wireless LAN, FDA certified diagnostic modules such as the QRS EKG, commercial and military SASM equipped GPS, and other type II PCMCIA based custom and commercial peripherals. Paravant expects a significant commercial market to exist for this effort both with the DOD and in the private sector marketplace. Within the DOD, it is noted that there are close to ten thousand US Army first responder medics that could utilize this advanced technology to better perform their jobs of saving and prolonging life until primary care can be reached. The Marines and Special Forces medics are an additional market able to benefit, adding several thousand more possible systems. The same need exists within the private sector. Harsh environmental conditions require a first responder computer system to meet many of the same environmental requirements as for military use. This market is estimated to much larger than the DOD market. Paravant expects to utilize distribution channels and Representative Organizations within the Public Health and Safety community to serve this marketplace. In summary, there is a tremendous unfilled need in both the DOD and Private Sector markets for such a device, and Paravant is well positioned to successfully serve both. |
| KUMETRIX, INC.
29524 Union City Blvd. Union City, CA 94587 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 476-0950
Dr. Wilson Smart ARMY 01-176 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Automatic Assay of Blood Cholinesterase in the Field |
| Abstract: | A unique minimally invasive system for painless blood testing, now being commercialized for diabetic blood glucose monitoring, can be adapted to measure blood cholinesterase activity. The consumable, the key novel system component, consists of a hollow silicon microneedle comparable in cross-section to a human hair integrated with lab-on-a-chip microfluidics. This device is made by silicon microfabrication technology developed for the manufacture of electronic integrated circuits, and can be produced in high volume at low unit cost. In use, the microneedle punctures the skin and draws a 10 to 60 nanoliter blood sample into the chip, where the assay is performed automatically. On-chip microfluidics under microprocessor control mix the blood sample with a buffered solution of a selected cholinesterase substrate, and an integrated electrochemical biosensor measures the rate of choline (or thiocholine) production. The strength of this new approach lies in the combination of biosensors and our unique silicon microneedles, which possess high strength, flexibility, and fracture toughness resulting from extensive MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) R&D in the proposer's laboratory. By rendering use easy and painless and sharply reducing cost, disposable chips for field measurement of the activities of specific enzymes in blood, such as the cholinesterases, become practical. Assay methods for true and pseudo cholinesterases, and for genetic variants, can be adapted to this innovative sub-microliter blood testing system. Using an identical silicon consumable, either a small hand-held field instrument or a clinical laboratory bench-top instrument calculates and displays the assay result, compares it with the baseline for the specific individual, holds it in memory for recall, and interfaces with data collection systems. The Phase I Basic Program will show feasibility by integrating choline biosensors into silicon, demonstrating a technique for stable long-term on-chip storage of acetylcholine, and fabricating silicon chips with microfluidics for cholinesterase assays. The Option proposes microfluidics optimization calculations, and improved cholinesterase chip fabrication based thereon. This unique one-step automatic painless blood testing system will enable rapid and accurate measurement of cholinesterase activity in the field for evaluation of exposure to nerve agents in both military and terrorism contexts. It is also applicable for easily and reliably monitoring chemical and agricultural workers handling pesticides for toxic exposure. Addition of other analytes will extend this technology to an ever increasing portion of the blood testing market. |
| MESOSYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
1021 N. Kellogg St. Kennewick, WA 99336 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 272-7505
Mr. Ezra Merrill ARMY 01-177 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Technologies to Reduce Water Requirements of Soldiers in the Field |
| Abstract: | The U.S. military has a pressing need for technologies that are capable of reducing the logistical burden of supplying water to soldiers deployed in the field. We will demonstrate the feasibility of rapid swing isothermal adsorption/desorption combined with a mesochannel heat exchanger to eliminate water loss from a soldier's body due to respiration. The mesochannel adsorption water-recovery device will utilize a state-of-the-art, high-capacity adsorbent to separate water vapor from the soldier's exhaled air. The water vapor will then be desorbed into the airflow as the soldier inhales. This cycle repeats, thus nearly eliminating water loss from the soldier's body through respiration. Recent advances in adsorbent-film-deposition techniques on mesochannel banks and microchannel heat-exchanger designs make this a viable approach. Adsorbent film deposition techniques developed by NanoPore Inc. and MesoSystems Technology Inc., allow the independent and precise control of film thickness, composition, diffusion-pathway dimensions, and pore-throat diameter of high capacity adsorbents. The film will be deposited on the surfaces of a mesochannel adsorbent bank. A mesochannel heat exchanger will be developed that will efficiently extract and store heat from the exhaled air and transfer it to inhaled air. The system will not require an energy source. It functions fully on differences in partial pressures of water vapor in the inhaled/exhaled air and on heat that is extracted, stored, and released. Lightweight and highly effective aerogel insulation developed by NanoPore, Inc. will be used to insulate the device. The final system mass will be less than 40 grams. The mesochannel adsorption water-recovery device will greatly reduce water loss due to respiration. This will reduce the military's logistical burden of supplying water to deployed troops. With a mass of less than 40 grams, the device will recycle up to 100 grams of water per hour. |
| LYNNTECH, INC.
7610 Eastmark Drive College Station, TX 77840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(979) 693-0017
Dr. Craig C. Andrews ARMY 01-178 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Novel Device for Wound Irrigation and Debridement |
| Abstract: | A significant number of bone and tissue combat injuries require surgical debridement, usually accompanied by irrigation with sterile water with simultaneous suction. While this approach to removal of devitalized tissue has been quite successful, a debrided wound often becomes infected due to insufficient irrigation (volume) or direct contact with pathogens via the irrigation water or surgical materials. This problem is further complicated in battlefield scenarios where supply and casualty care logistics and availability of sterile water are insufficient for adequate care. To overcome these obstacles faced by far-forward and rear support units, Lynntech will develop a rugged, lightweight debridement irrigation and suction device incorporating two electrochemical technologies in tandem. This new device will allow for the in-line sterilization of any external source of potable water while providing a small amount of short-lived, safe, residual disinfectant to deter infectious microorganisms. In Phase I, Lynntech will design, fabricate, and test the irrigation water system, focusing on durability, weight, source water effect on sterilization, energy (battery) requirements, integration of subsystems, and sterilization efficiency against pathogenic and biofilm-forming bacteria. Phase II will focus on construction, testing and delivery of wound irrigation/suction device to be further tested in vivo for proof of performance and safety. Manufacture of sterile water at the point-of-use is attractive for uses within the medical/surgical areas and in general water treatment. A direct avenue to commercialization is evident for military field hospitals, civilian emergency response (natural disasters), industrial first aid, rural and developing country medical treatment, and mobile veterinary care. A similar interation of the device could also be used to treat drinking water in remote locations where pathogens are endemic or in areas that have had water quality compromised by microorganisms. A personal disinfection device, which uses similar technology, is already being launched into the home healthcare market by a commercial partner and thereby will facilitate commercialization of this electrochemical water treatment approach. |
| VASMO, INC.
4101 E. 30th St. Indianapolis, IN 46218 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(317) 549-3764
Dr. S. "Mohan" Mohanraj ARMY 01-179 Awarded: 15DEC01 |
| Title: | Development of Two-stage Multivaccine Delivery System with Protective and Bioadhesive Properties for Oral Immunization |
| Abstract: | There is an ever increasing danger of biological warfare and bioterrorism. Among many agents, anthrax has been of prominence. The objective of this proposal is to develop Microsphere-based Delivery Systems ("MDS") for controlled and pulsed-release delivery of anthrax vaccine via single-dose oral immunization. The MDS will be designed and developed as follows: 1. The recombinant protective antigen will be incorporated into biodegradable polymer microspheres to provide controlled and pulsed-release delivery of the anthrax vaccine equivalent to multiple immunizations. 2. The antigen-encapsulated microspheres will be further coated with a bioadhesive polymer to promote the adhesion of the microparticles on to the mucosal membranes of the intestine. 3. The above microspheres will be further coated with an enteric polymer to increase the protection of the antigen against the acidic pH of the stomach. 4. A mucosal adjuvant will be incorporated into MDS to provide further potentiation of the immune system. The MDS products will be characterized and In Vitro release studies will be performed. Selected MDS products will be tested for their efficacy to induce antibody response in mice. In Option B, we will develop optimized MDS for immunization of rabbits which will be monitored for antibody response and shipped to USAMRIID for challenge with anthrax spores. The MDS is convenient, single-dose oral administration, and offers long-term protection without multiple boosters. The preparation can be packaged in a stable form and carried by individual soldiers in the field of action. MDS protects antigens against the acidic pH of the stomach, and presents antigen in its native conformation to the various cells of the immune system, inducing both mucosal and systemic immune responses. |
| IMMERSION MEDICAL, INC.
55 West Watkins Mill Road Gaithersburg, MD 20878 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 984-3706
Dr. Joseph L. Tasto, MD, MS ARMY 01-180 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Needle Thoracentesis Simulation Workstation for Medical Training |
| Abstract: | Immersion Medical aims to establish the feasibility of a medical training simulator for needle thoracentesis. The proposed project involves several technical advances to Immersion's pre-existing simulator for needlestick procedures. We propose a haptic computer touchpad as an innovative solution to three tactile techniques used in thoracentesis: palpation of anatomical landmarks, percussion, and fremitus. Active force feedback will be developed as well as controlled passive haptics to provide realistic procedural feel in the manipulation of needles, catheters and syringes. Planned software advances include refinements in computer modeling for surface deformation and for the interaction of rigid needles and catheters with body tissues that are pliant (e.g., pleura) and rigid (e.g., bone). Six external experts will evaluate the completed prototype for perceptual realism. In success, the completed simulator will be a real-time training device that integrates visual, haptic and audio features and will be operable on a laptop computer for enhanced portability. Needle thoracentesis is a procedure for which advanced training has important implications in both military and civilian medicine. By creating a simulator for thoracentesis, we can transcend problems with traditional training methods (human patients, mannequins, animals). Simulation has numerous advantages for the trainee, including: no risk to patients, no risk to trainees (e.g., no exposure to patient blood-borne pathogens), familiarity and comfort with the procedure through repetition, exposure to various cases, and built-in competence assessment through longitudinal data tracking of trainee performance. In success, implementation of the proposed technology will enable the DoD to provide improved medical rehearsal and treatment, which can improve military readiness through shortened recovery times. The proposed research will lead to the production of commercially viable products with educational and training benefits for U.S. hospitals and medical schools. Laptop portability will allow training in field situations currently inaccessible for thoracentesis training. The proposed simulator builds on Immersion's pre-existing CathSim platform for needlestick procedures. The proposed technical advances could be applied in future to other medically and commercially important medical procedures that present similar challenges, such as amniocentesis, pericardiocentesis, diagnostic peritoneal lavage, and bronchoalveolar lavage. |
| GUILD ASSOC., INC.
5750 Shier Rings Rd Dublin, OH 43016 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(843) 364-5059
Dr. Gus DiNovo ARMY 01-182 Awarded: 14DEC01 |
| Title: | New Biosensors for Real-Time Aquatic Toxicity Monitoring |
| Abstract: | Water is essential to our lives. We need it for consumption, cleansing and cooling. We must ensure that the water we use is safe. We must be able to continuously detect the level of toxic materials found in our water supply, whether the toxics are of natural, industrial or sinister origin. In most of the US, we are blessed with alternative supplies and our industrial infrastructure is broadly capable of dealing with many extreme demands as long as they know quickly that a water source is uncertain. Guild plans to develop a biologically-based sensor for monitoring water-borne military and anthropogenic contaminants present in natural and artificial bodies of water. Both continuous and discrete versions of the technology are anticipated. The biosensor capable of detecting multiple toxins is based on a unique combination of cellular and molecular biology that represents a significant advance beyond conventional biomarker systems. In Phase I, Guild plans to initiate the development of this sensor by building a prototype sensor that responds to selected water-borne heavy metals chosen from the Army's priority list. In Phase II Guild plans to prototype the entire field-ready system and extend the technique to include other key contaminants. Clearly, providing a means to continuously and accurately monitor the status of water supplies has a host of military benefits, both in the context of battlefield and home defense water quality/potability issues. Beyond these key needs are important environmental and ecological issues that beg for interpretation in a biological framework. The proposed device should make significant impact in these areas as well as in broader areas of cellular and molecular biology and the engineering disciplines dedicated to harnessing these powerful ideas for human progress. |
| ASH MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.
2700 Kent Avenue West Lafayette, IN 47906 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(765) 463-9540
Stephen R. Ash, MD ARMY 01-183 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Waterless Dialysis System |
| Abstract: | Early and effective hemodialysis can decrease mortality of trauma patients with acute renal failure, but current technology is not easily deployed in the field or during transit of patients. The "Redy" machine using the Sorb column was portable and utilized only 6 liters of water but did not make dialysis more automated or intrinsically safer. The SHD now being developed by Ash Medical utilizes the Sorb column and includes pressure-actuated blood pumping, single- or dual-lumen operation, an automatic sorbent saturation monitor and completely automated fluid management to make dialysis simpler and safer. In this project we will modify the SHD to meet requirements of a field-deployable and portable dialysis machine (the WDS) by including: one liter of tap water as dialysate, volumetric ultrafiltration insensitive to machine motion, visual/automatic saturation monitor, and variable bicarbonate buffering. In Phase I we will construct a prototype WDS and demonstrate that hydraulic and chemical function are suitable for rapid treatment of acute renal failure patients. In Phase II we will finalize the design of a sturdy, lightweight and small WDS machine and demonstrate that the system can also be utilized for CRRT. The WDS could be life-saving in treatment of trauma causalities with renal failure. Potential commercial application include military and natural disaster trauma victims. WDS (Waterless Dialysis System) concepts may improve the current SHD (Sorbent Hemodialysis) System for home and acute hemodialysis. |
| IROBOT CORP.
22 McGrath Hwy, Suite 6 Somerville, MA 02143 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 629-0055
Polly Pook ARMY 01-184 Awarded: 14DEC01 |
| Title: | Robotic Medic Assistant |
| Abstract: | iRobot Corp. proposes to develop a battlefield medical robot, Bloodhound, that will be able to navigate autonomously to wounded soldiers and provide telepresence for remote medics. Bloodhound will be built on the iRobot Urban Robot/PackBot platform. PackBot is an extremely robust tracked robot with all-weather and all-terrain capabilities. PackBot can drive in both wilderness and urban environments, outdoors and indoors. PackBot can drive through fields and woods, over rocks, sand, and gravel, and through water, mud, and snow. Bloodhound will combine PackBot's mobility with the iRobot-LE's telepresence capabilities. The iRobot-LE's camera, microphone, and speakers provide real-time video and audio interaction between the people near the robot and remote users. Medics at remote locations will use this capability to examine and diagnose patients on the battlefield. Bloodhound will leverage the technology of Personal Status Monitors to determine the patient's location, and use a GPS system to determine its own location. Bloodhound will navigate autonomously to the patient across unknown terrain using directed frontier-based exploration. Using this technique, Bloodhound will build a map as it navigates to the patient, and use this map to navigate around any obstacles or impassable terrain that it encounters. This project will have both direct and indirect commercial benefits for iRobot Corporation. This effort will help iRobot broaden its newly developed market for the Packbot and the iRobot-LE. We anticipate that Bloodhound itself can be developed into a product with both military and civilian applications. We expect to sell Bloodhounds to the military to locate wounded soldiers on the battlefield and allow remote medics to examine those soldiers. We also expect to sell Bloodhounds to paramedics who need to perform search-and-rescue missions in hazardous environments. For example, skiers and hikers could carry civilian versions of Personal Status Monitors that automatically notify a rescue service if the individual is injured. Bloodhounds could then be sent out to find the injured person in the wilderness, and once found, enable remote medical personnel to evaluate their condition and determine the best course of action. In addition to the direct applications of Bloodhounds, the technology developed in this project can be leveraged by other projects at iRobot. In particular, directed frontier-based exploration will provide a general capability for goal-directed navigation in unknown terrain. This capability can then be applied to a wide range of outdoor mobile robots, for both military and civilian applications. |
| OMNISITE BIODIAGNOSTICS, INC.
101 West Sixth Street, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 479-7732
Dr. John G. Bruno ARMY 01-185 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Fluoresent Signaling Aptamers for Rodent B&T Cell Analysis |
| Abstract: | OmniSite BioDiagnostics proposes to demonstrate and develop artificial receptors composed of DNA called "aptamers" to replace anti-B and T lymphocyte and cytokine antibodies for rabbit and guinea pig immunologic analyses. DNA aptamers will be generated by the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX) combinatorial chemistry technique. The anti-rodent B and T cell DNA aptamers will be engineered with intrachain fluorochrome and quencher pairs that will cause a change in fluorescence intensity upon binding to target lymphocyte subpopulations or cytokines. Hence, such aptamers will be useful in fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometric, and spectrofluorometric analyses. SELEX aptamers offer several major advantages over antibody technology; most notably obviating the use of animal hosts and taking advantage of tremendous sequence diversity to select very high affinity specific binding DNA molecules developed against any target molecule. SELEX DNA aptamers can be rapidly and inexpensively mass produced with relative ease compared to antibody production and purification. In Phase I, OmniSite proposes to develop a set of specific DNA aptamers to characterize rabbit and guinea pig memory B and T cells as well as key cytokines. In Phase II, the anti-cellular and anti-cytokine aptamers will be cloned and sequenced and their fluorescence properties will be optimized for use in flow cytometry. There is a worldwide need for a simple and cost-effective method of developing diagnostic or prognostic tests. SELEX is a combinatorial chemistry technology that meets this need. SELEX has tremendous potential in the areas of drug discovery, screening assays, detection and monitoring of the environment, and medical diagnostics. This project may identify previously unknown markers for memory B and T cells that could be very commercially viable. |
| PRECISION CONTROL DESIGN, INC.
135 Eglin Parkway, S.E. Fort Walton Beach, FL 32548 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(850) 244-1923
Mr. Robert W. Conlan ARMY 01-186 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Dedicated Computational Microsystems for Biomedical Sensors |
| Abstract: | Human activity monitoring with a wrist worn instrument, the actigraph, has successfully been used to quantify bulk human activity, and predict macro-quantities such as hr:min of sleep. These devices do not yield information about the underlying movement physiology because the simple detection methods ignore important signal characteristics. Recently it was demonstrated heart and lung ballistic activity are measurable from the wrist with a wireless device the size of a wristwatch. These conclusions derived from extensive bench top data processing and sophisticated tools like the wavelet transform. This SBIR seeks to build the next generation actigraph, one that can predict heart rate and breath rate from a sleeping or ambulatory individual "in situ", and expand this technique to other physiological processes. The device will use a custom built analog integrated circuit (from a related SBIR), coprocessor, adaptive digital filtering and 'non-stationary spectrum' processing techniques. Phase I will concentrate on building the Digital Signal Processing (DSP) actigraph, and testing it worn on sleeping subjects. One goal of the DSP actigraph is produce a stream of estimates for heart and breath rate over the duration of a sleep period. Phase II will extend the technique to ambulatory subjects, and improve hardware producibility. The ambulatory wrist worn DSP actigraph will able to measure ballistic cardiac and breath rates "in situ" in near real time, which is expected to have military and civilian clinical applications. Such a device will simplify long term monitoring on adults, children and neonates. When fully developed, it will combine physiological data with conventional sleep scoring and performance modeling. Techniques developed have wide application to other ambulatory instruments and sensor types. |
| ACTIVE SIGNAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
13027A Beaver Dam Road Cockeysville, MD 21030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 527-2031
Mr. John M. Sewell ARMY 01-187 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Electronic Stethoscope for Use in Helicopter Noise Environment |
| Abstract: | Active Signal Technologies proposes to develop an active noise reduction (ANR) stethoscope that will enable detection and discrimination of heart and breathing sounds in the high noise environment of a UH-60 BlackHawk helicopter. We will enhance our direct contact sensor technology, which already provides state-of-the-art physiological signal detection and passive noise rejection, to better match the mechanical impedance of soft tissue and electrical impedance of the headphone/earplugs. Our current system has no air cavities or acoustic tubes and discriminates against all airborne noise leakage. Its effectiveness against all disturbances coupled through the body, whether airborne or structure borne, will be enhanced through frequency-domain digital-filtering ANR algorithms similar to those used in speech recognition. Since Active Signal's passive noise reduction stethoscope already exhibits excellent performance and the ANR approach does not require any additional sensors or actuators, our program starts with established hardware and can move forward aggressively on the ANR implementation. In Phase I we will deliver an enhanced passive noise reduction stethoscope and will demonstrate the ANR on a workstation simulation using prerecorded data. In the Option we will interface the stethoscope to the workstation and conduct a real-time ANR demonstration in the most challenging noise environment. Noise immune auscultation is a pivotal technology required throughout the prehospital emergency medical field. Commercial adoption would be anticipated across ambulance fleets, medevac helicopters and throughout the military medical community. |
| POLIUM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
2155 Stonington Ave., Suite119 Hoffman Estates, IL 60195 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(847) 310-8725
Dr. Michael Gololobov ARMY 01-188 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of Thermally and Photochemically Stable Anesthetic Components |
| Abstract: | Low photo- and thermal stability of (R)-epinephrine (vasoconstrictor) in local anesthetic formulations compromises their anesthetic afficacy in field austere environments. The overall objective of this proposal (Phase I and Phase II combined) is to synthesize potentially stable vasoconstrictors, study their stability, and prove their anesthetic efficacy. Toward this end, Phase I focuses on the synthesis of ring-fluorinated analogs of (R)-epinephrine and (R)-phenylephrine using Polium Technologies proprietary biocatalyst, Finezyme-H1. Synthesis of chiral fluorinated derivatives of (R)-phenylephrine by any methods has not been described. Published methods of the synthesis of chiral fluorinated epinephrine derivatives use harsh conditions that are difficult for the scale-up. Contrary to this, Finezyme-H1 catalyzed reactions use mild conditions and the method is easily scaleable. The literature data suggest that these fluorinated analogs may possess required biological properties. Phase I focuses on the synthesis of these compounds using proprietary technology and stability studies of fluorinated analogs. If candidate compounds synthesized during Phase I show higher stability than existing vasoconstrictors, during Phase II we will test these compounds in local anesthetic formulations, perform biological affinity receptor assays and perform toxicology studies. Successful candidates will be commercialized in DOD and private sector Many third world countries do not have climate-controlled environments to safely store pharmaceuticals. Transport and storage of anesthetic to these regions, especially in hot climates, may compromise the efficacy of the drug. Development of new anesthetic components would be of great benefit to the oral care of many civilians in these nations, as well as military personnel deployed in austere environments |
| MORGAN RESEARCH CORP.
4811A Bradford Drive Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 533-3233
Dr. Wayne Long ARMY 01-189 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Glare and Haze Operational Simulation and Testing (GHOST) System R&D |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR proposal is for the initial development of an ophthalmologic Glare and Haze Operational Simulation and Testing (GHOST) system for generating, quantifying and assessing the impact of scattered light under normal operational environments and visual duties. The proposed concept employs scattered light glare and haze generating light sources, projection of visual targets onto normal visual scenes using a projected scene generator or heads-up display, measurement of light scattered and reflected from specific parts of the eye, determination of eye characteristics (such as light adaptation) during testing, as well as documentation of relative geometries and other test conditions by a computer control, data acquisition, and signal processing system. The optimum configuration, optical brassboard design, packaging and computer requirements will be addressed in the Phase I effort. A Phase I Option effort is also proposed that includes the fabrication, assembly and laboratory performance testing of optical brassboard components. The proposed GHOST system offers the potential for improved evaluations of the effect of glare and haze on visual performance. It represents enhanced instrumentation for investigations into the contributions to scattered light by natural causes, disease or due to eye surgery. It further represents advances in investigative tools for developing improvements in eye surgery procedures or implants, accident investigation diagnostics and it can be used as ophthalmologic instrumentation for assessing and documenting the visual capabilities of critical mission personnel such as aviation pilots. The fully developed GHOST system has immediate application and benefits to many ongoing and planned DoD and civilian activities as well as vendors and users of glare and haze related ophthalmologic instrumentation and surgical procedures. |
| IMMERSION MEDICAL, INC.
55 West Watkins Mill Road Gaithersburg, MD 20878 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 984-3706
Dr. Joseph L. Tasto, MD, MS ARMY 01-190 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Catheter Insertion Simulation for Epidural Anesthesia and Spinal Tap |
| Abstract: | Immersion Medical aims to establish the feasibility of a medical training simulator for epidural anesthesia and spinal tap. The proposed project involves several technical advances to Immersion's pre-existing simulator for needlestick procedures. We propose a haptic computer touchpad as an innovative solution to the palpation of anatomical landmarks. Active force feedback will be developed as well as controlled passive haptics to provide realistic procedural feel in the manipulation of needles, catheters and syringes. Planned software advances include refinements in computer modeling for surface deformation and for the interaction of rigid needles and catheters with body tissues that are pliant (e.g., dura mater) and rigid (e.g., bone). Six external experts will evaluate the completed prototype for perceptual realism. In success, the completed simulator will be a real-time training device that integrates visual, haptic and audio features and will be operable on a laptop computer for enhanced portability. Epidural anesthesia and lumbar puncture are procedures for which advanced training has important implications in both military and civilian medicine. Creating a simulator for these procedures has numerous advantages for the trainee, including: no risk to patients, no risk to trainees (e.g., no exposure to patient blood-borne pathogens), familiarity and comfort with the procedure through repetition, exposure to various cases, and built-in competence assessment through longitudinal data tracking of trainee performance. In success, implementation of the proposed technology will enable the DoD to provide improved medical rehearsal and treatment, which can improve military readiness through shortened recovery times. The proposed research will also lead to the production of commercially viable products with educational and training benefits for U.S. hospitals and medical schools. Laptop portability will allow training in field situations currently inaccessible for thoracentesis training. The proposed simulator builds on Immersion's pre-existing CathSim platform for needlestick procedures. The proposed technical advances could be applied in future to other medically and commercially important medical procedures that present similar challenges, such as amniocentesis, pericardiocentesis, diagnostic peritoneal lavage, and bronchoalveolar lavage. |
| LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC.
2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(434) 972-9954
Keith Furrow ARMY 01-191 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Condition Assessment of Personal Ballistic Armor Using Fiber Bragg Gratings |
| Abstract: | The primary ballistic protection against small arms is based on ceramic with fiber-reinforced composite backing. During normal use, ballistic armor inserts (BAI) made with this material can be damaged. This proposal describes a simple, inexpensive, nondestructive technique to assess the ballistic integrity of the armor system in the field. BAIs instrumented with optical fiber Bragg grating strain sensors will be loaded in bending. A single fiber is capable of carrying hundreds of strain sensors providing a nearly continuous visualization of the strain field. The strain field, continuity in the fiber and the grating birefringent response will determine the location, extent and type of damage in the insert. Strain measurement with surface mounted and imbedded fibers will be demonstrated for damaged and undamaged BAIs. Comparing X-rays and measured strain fields of damaged panels will generate qualitative relationships between damage and strain response. The type and extent of damage is then correlated to ballistic performance. Finally, fiber egress techniques will be developed. Robust fiber egress is important because the personal ballistic protective vest is handled continuously resulting in the potential to break sensor leads. Limited ballistic tests will be conducted to determine the influence of imbedded optical fibers on ballistic performance. The commercial nonmilitary market for ballistic protection inserts is primarily law enforcement agencies. The fiber optic monitoring system could be supplied to individual municipalities or the system's capabilities could be sold as an inspection service. Additional applications of the technique include evaluation of lightweight armor for vehicles and structural monitoring of aircraft and civil structures. |
| PHYSICAL ACOUSTICS CORP.
195 Clarksville Road Princeton Jct., NJ 08550 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 716-4000
Dr. Valery Godinez ARMY 01-191 Selected for Award |
| Title: | In-service Technique for Assessing Conditions of Ballistic Protective Inserts in Personnel Armor |
| Abstract: | Primary ballistic protection offered against small arms rounds is mostly based on ceramic with fiber reinforced backing. Due to its complex structure and, in general, anisotropic material properties, ballistic personnel armor is very difficult to inspect using conventional Non Destructive Evaluation/Inspection (NDE/I) methods and instruments, such as ultrasonics. Moreover, methods such as x-rays or CT scan are too complicated to use in the fielded units for economic and logistical reasons. Thus, there is great need for the development of new NDE technologies that can address these complicated assessment issues. Physical Acoustics Corporation (PAC) has developed a unique Guided Wave Acousto-Ultrasonic (AU) technology, which is designed for the inspection of thick multi-layered, multi-functional composites. This Guided Wave Acousto-Ultrasonic method will provide the basis for designing a completely portable system capable of assessing the ballistic integrity of personnel armor both in the field or directly after manufacturing. It is anticipated that the results of this program will lead to the development of a portable personnel armor Ballistic Protective Insert(s) (BPI) inspection system that can be used to assess the condition of ballistic protective composite. The developed system will have applications for many industries beyond the government and could be applied to a broad range of commercial applications. Body Armor vests with BPI are useful for combat missions, Law Enforcement, security patrols, and Protective Services (Army version of Secret Service). In both the military and commercial industry, there are many benefits to be derived from developing a system that is capable of inspecting personnel armor BPI for damage or degradation. Regardless of the situation, Body Armor with BPI can function as an effective protection against fragmentation and small arms, but only if the BPI is in good condition and has not suffered any loss in performance. Presently there are no reliable systems available to inspect these inserts to determine damage or degradation and, without this determination, unreliable vests and BPI could be worn by personnel in critical missions. The system Physical Acoustics Corporation (PAC) will develop will be able to assess the condition of the BPI to ensure that only structurally sound BPI is used to protect personnel. In addition, the developed system could easily be adapted to inspect any number of composite structures in military and civilian applications to determine structural integrity. |
| VERTIGO, INC.
29885 2nd Street, Suite N, P. O. Box 117 Lake Elsinore, CA 92531 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(831) 425-5147
Mr. Glen Brown ARMY 01-192 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Low Cost Actuators for Precision Guided Steerable Parachutes/Parafoils |
| Abstract: | A number of precision-guided aerial delivery systems are in development or advanced prototype stages, in accordance with Army Science and Technology (S&T) objectives. The actuator subsystems are a major cost element in each of these systems, in some cases, the largest cost element. The actuator subsystem, consisting of an energy source, controlling elements (e.g. switches, valves), and the actuators, is also a major fraction of the suspended weight, reducing payload fraction. Improvements are needed in weight and cost for both types of aerial delivery systems: medium-glide, such as GPADS-L, which use trailing edge control lines for steering and flare; and low-glide, such as AGAS, which use riser slip control to glide on command. The proposed research will investigate two innovative concepts: high energy-density pneumatic sources to pair with existing high power/weight pneumatic actuators, and an innovative zero-or low-power actuator for low-glide systems and for parafoil flare. (Separating the flare function from parafoil steering actuators greatly reduces their power requirement, which reduces weight and cost.) In each case, the weight, performance and cost of the innovative designs will be compared with high-performance electro-mechanical devices as a measure of benefit, and, therefore, system level feasibility. Precision-guided aerial delivery systems are available, but are not affordable for most cargo delivery applications. They also, for the most part, do not have the payload capacity needed by military users. Larger systems are expected to be even less affordable. Low cost actuators will make a significant impact on the cost of these systems. The market for actuator systems includes both Government users and contractors offering integrated systems to the Government. |
| FEDERAL FABRICS-FIBERS
45 W. Adams St Lowell, MA 01851 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 441-3037
Dr. Fred Geurts ARMY 01-194 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Non-powered Condensation Control Mechanisms for Shelters |
| Abstract: | Federal Fabrics-Fibers (FFF) proposes a double walled shelter with a moisture permeable inner layer and a vented outer shell. The differential temperature between the inside and the outside will create a natural convection driven air flow between the two layers. This air flow will be used to carry away evaporating moisture from the inner shelter skin. Un-coated fabric woven from fibers with known moisture transport capabilities such as micro-capillary polyester will be used as the inner skin layer on the roof section of a two skinned shelter. The outer coated fabric needs a controlled window/vent that can be open when desired to allow the convective air to be circulated next to the un-coated fabric, and exhaust the moisture to the atmosphere. FFF will Identify and test un-coated fabrics with moisture transport capabilities suitable as an inner shelter skin. Develop and mature a controlled vent that will allow high rates of natural convection airflow between the moisture transport skin and a weather proof skin. The vents will be constructed in such a manner as to prevent rain from coming in between the two skins without mechanically weakening the shelter. Test the idea using a double walled, vented shelter to determine under what conditions it will and will not function adequately. There are several commercial applications for this type of product outside of the obvious military applications. Including backpacking and expedition tents. |
| FULFILL AMERICA, INC.
8748 E. Valley Bl., Suite L Rosemead, CA 91770 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(562) 225-0671
Mr. Ben H Wu ARMY 01-195 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Dual-use Durable Water Repellent and Anti-chemical/biological Agent Treatments |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of our invented durable water repellent and oil loving materials for (1) anti-chemical and biological agent treatment on textiles and (2) durable usage to washing and dry cleaning and (3) low temperature cured application. Our invented materials were originally developed to satisfy textile mills for lower cost alternative wherein only durable water repellency is needed without oil repellency properties. It is important to understand the value of our invented materials for anti-chemical and biological defense textile system. Our invented water repellent product concept is "the lowest cost and the most durable water repellent treatment for textiles". Our selling point is lower cost and more durable water repellent treatment than commercial fluoroalkyl acrylate based materials. The success of the SBIR solicitation could certainly expand our current market effort to chemical and biological agent protection market. Nevertheless, our current marketing effort for general textile industry is going forward without the bonus from the SBIR solicitation. |
| DIVERSIFIED MARKETING GROUP
109 Forrest Avenue Narberth, PA 19072 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 667-5589
Mr. David M. Goodman ARMY 01-196 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of Enhanced Chemical Biological (CB) Closure |
| Abstract: | The CB uniform program requires a state-of-the-art closure system for the next generation of protective clothing. Advances in fabrics, design and technology must integrate with the closures in order to achieve the best possible synthesis and computability. To date, no closure system or fastening products available have been designed with air/water tight CB protection as the priority. Until it is, the scope of the CB uniform program will be limited as existing CB air/water tight fasteners are presently too stiff, hard starting, bulky, difficult to fold, uncomfortable to wear, permeable and/or expensive. Lightweight CB liquid, vapor and aerosol-tight suits that are also flexible, easily packable, launderable, durable, cost efficient and lend themselves to mass production have been created and must be built. Diversified Marketing Group is an agile, free-thinking company and will research the technology, produce prototypes, formulate cost-effective manufacturing bringing the CBD closures up to the state-of-the-art. We are the only company that has already researched this topic extensively, assembled a team of proven experts that can be relied upon to actually deliver an outstanding solution to the military, commercial and civilian market. Phase I requires 6 months and the Phase I Option will require an additional 4 months to complete. In addition to the benefit the results of this SBIR topic will directly serve the CB uniforms, this technology will be applicable and easily adaptable in items such as Sleeping Bags, Personal Shelters, Diving (Wet & Dry) Suits, Waterproof Storage Containers & Underwater Equipment, Toxicological & Chemical Protective Clothing, Boat Covers, Recreational Outdoor Clothing, Hostile Environment CB Protective Gear |
| TECHNOVA CORP.
1232 Mizzen Drive Okemos, MI 48864 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(517) 485-9583
Dr. Zahir Shah ARMY 01-197 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Reliable, lightweight and convenient multi-helix soil anchors for deployable structures and shelters |
| Abstract: | A refined helical screw configuration is proposed as an efficient, versatile and economical anchor for deployable structures and shelters; the system design allows for convenient and rapid driving into soil through rotation. The refined helical screw configuration complements high frictional resistance with added bearing capacity. The proposed Phase I research will: (1) quantify the design parameters of anchor system; (2) fabricate prototypes and validate their technical features and ease of use; and (3) identify and test chemical stabilizers that enhance performance of the system in weak, saturated soils. The Phase I Option will: (1) develop and verify optimum system designs; and (2) assess competitive position of the technology in different applciations. The efficient anchor design proposed here maximizes load-carrying capacity, minimizes weight, and allows for rapid and convenient installation. The system is simple and amenable to low-cost manufacturing. The new design is versatile and suits diverse site conditions. Major applications of the anchor system include deployable structures and shelters, slope stabilization, retaining wall stabilization, and foundations for small structures in difficult soils. Technova Corporation has formed an alliance with a major anchor/fastener manufacturer (Hilti Inc.) and a leading academic institution in the field (The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor) towards development and broad commercial implementation of the new anchor system. |
| ADVANCED MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC.
176 Waltham Street Watertown, MA 02472 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 926-6700
Mr. Charles Hannon ARMY 01-198 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Distillation System for Recycling Greywater Generated by Field Feeding Operations |
| Abstract: | Military field feeding operations require an easily transportable and energy-efficient system to recycle the greywater produced in ware washing. A multiple-effect evaporator is proposed that will distill the greywater, heated by a diesel/JP-8 powered oil burner or other available liquid/vapor heating medium. It is designed to recover at least 90% of the greywater as potable hot water or steam to be used for warewashing, using as little as 0.02 lb of fuel per pound of greywater. The Phase I project will evaluate the feasibility of an innovative compact multi-effect evaporator module that facilitates accessibility for cleaning and can be adapted to a wide range of heat sources. The proposed multi-effect evaporator module can process greywater generated by field laundries and showers, in addition to field feeding operations, and can be used to purify brackish water. It could find many non-military applications, such as in disaster relief where potable water supplies have been disrupted, or in arid regions where greywater recycling and brackish water purification would increase the net supply of potable water. |
| GSE, INC.
219 East Enterprise St., P.O. Box 7743 Incline Village, NV 89450 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(775) 831-3917
Mr. Greg Stevenson ARMY 01-199 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Common Fuel Engines for Powered Parafoils and other Airborne Systems |
| Abstract: | The military "Single Fuel Forward" policy under DOD Directive 4140.25 has placed high priority on the implementation of heavy fuel engines (HFE) capable of operating on logistically available kerosene based fuels. (ie: JP-5, JP-8, DF-2) Subsonic airborne applications defined by maximum endurance and payload capacity require the HFE to have outstanding specific weight ratios below 1.5 lbs/hp as well as excellent fuel economy under .5 lbs/hp-hr. The air dropped mission scenario of the Powered Parafoil further complicates the HFE requirement of having to predictably start in-flight during the chute deployment at high altitude. This unattended cold start requirement is unique to the project and is the main focus of this phase I feasibility study/demonstration. The proposed high-speed multi-cylinder compression ignition (CI) diesel relies on cylinder pressure/temperature to self-ignite the fuel. High altitude starting is by an innovative low cost and robust variable compression mechanism with the assistance of conventional cold start aids. Current logistically available fuels have variable viscosity, lubricity, and cetane values that are critical factors to engine start up, peak performance, and endurance. The proposed approach incorporates an innovative high-speed diesel injection and combustion system that is specifically designed for multi-fuel operation. The proposed effort matures a much-needed high speed, multi-fuel diesel engine technology with high power density particularly well suited for airborne applications requiring specific weights of 1.5lbs/hp or better. The future of both military UAV and commercial GA aircraft propulsion require this technology to operate on near term logistically available fuels. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4368
Dr. Peter Warren ARMY 01-200 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Deployable Rigid Parawings for High-Altitude Aerial Delivery |
| Abstract: | The Objective Force Army requires low-cost, accurate aerial logistical supply. Traditional, low altitude methods expose aircraft and crews to dangerous ground fire. Existing high-altitude technologies are too expensive and have limited payload mass and glide ratio performance. Foster-Miller has teamed with Irvin Aerospace to provide an innovative, low-cost, high performance airdrop system, enabling the future Army to safely deliver large payloads over great distances. The innovation combines Irvin's expertise in recovery systems with Foster-Miller's Integral Folding Hinge (IFH) structures. Use of the IFH will enable the deployment of a high performance Deployable Rigid Parawing (DRoP). The DRoP uses a monolithic rigid frame that stretches a single fabric skin into an airfoil. The rigid frame improves lift and reduces drag by controlling the leading edge and reducing the line count. This high performance airdrop system can be manufactured at lower cost than competing technologies because of the single skin fabric construction and use of commercially available reinforced thermoplastic composites. Phase I will focus on the design, construction and flight test of a 500 lb "door bundle" DRoP system. The Phase II program will integrate the required control systems and scale the approach up to a 2,000 lb A-4 pallet. (P-010615) The proposed technology will positively impact US Army airlift capabilities by enabling high-altitude airdrop of cargo, equipment and troops. The advanced structural design of the deployable, rigid parawing (DRoP) combines the maneuverability and glide ratio of a hang glider with the in-flight deployability of a parachute. Off-the-shelf guidance, navigation and control systems will be used to deliver payloads safely and accurately, even across large lateral offsets. The resulting system will allow pinpoint aerial delivery of heavy (10,000 lb) cargo and equipment from high altitudes (17,000 to 25,000 ft), minimizing the risk to aircraft and their crews. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4171
Dr. Patricia Wilson ARMY 01-201 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Thermally Adjusting Regulating Panels for Internal Thaw (TARP-IT) for Safely Thawing Frozen Food |
| Abstract: | Foster-Miller proposes to develop Thermally Adjusting Regulating Panels for Internal Thaw (TARP-IT) to safely thaw frozen foods without the use of electricity. The TARP-IT kit will be designed in a modular fashion such that the panels can be easily transported and stored. The panels can be quickly assembled to fit any size of frozen food pallet from the US Army's Unitized Group Ration (UGR), up to a maximum of about 80 square feet of surface area. Foster-Miller will explore several design concepts, including the use of novel phase change materials (PCMs) to regulate the temperature near the food surface to a constant 45F. A thermal model of the system will be used to predict effects of insulation, reflective materials, and phase change materials on the thermal regulating capabilities of various blanket designs. Small-scale test articles will be fabricated and tested under simulated environmental conditions. Prototype panels will be fabricated in the Phase I option. An alternative option plan, incorporating novel liquid-vapor Phase Change Materials, is proposed in the event that greater thermal capacity than originally anticipated is required in the panel design. The Phase I program will focus on manufacturability and cost considerations in addition to system performance. (P-010694) The TARP-IT system is an enabling technology for the US Army's logistics strategy to supply increased quantities of fresh food to field units via the UGR concept. Commercial applications of the TARP-IT include use by disaster aid organizations, food vendors at outdoor events, caterers, and outdoor recreational enthusiasts. |
| HY-TECH RESEARCH CORP.
104 Centre Ct. Radford, VA 24141 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 639-4019
Dr. C.Christopher Klepper ARMY 01-202 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Non-stick Coating for Field Cookware |
| Abstract: | In collaboration with the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge Facilities, HY-Tech Research has developed a unique technology for the deposition of thin films of boron, a high-temperature material with excellent hardness and lubricity properties. Since the potential for economically depositing pure boron films did not previously exist, HY-Tech has undertaking the mission to promote the benefits of this product to various applications. This solicitation provides an ideal application for boron films, because it would benefit from the metallurgical properties as well as from the chemical inertness of these coatings. The deposition technique developed by HY-Tech is based on the vacuum arc concept, which is the basis for the most economical deposition systems for metallurgical coatings. The vacuum arc generates its material from a solid source. This is important in the case of boron, since most gaseous precursors are biologically hazardous. All the material is deposited in an ionized form, which allows for good control of the energies, which leads to good film adherence to the substrate. A preliminary calculation shows that the injestion limit for boron exceeds the total material that would be found in the coating. Therefore, no problems are anticipated in this area. Good adherence to aluminum alloys has already been seen for thin (<1micron) coatings. The goal of Phase I will be to demonstrate thick (1-2micron) coatings on 6061 Al which will withstand the rigors of field testing as specified in the solicitation. HY-Tech's access to a national laboratory facility for materials characterization will greatly enhance chances of success. The unique combination of properties make boron ideal for numerous advanced technology applications. In particular, compatibility with high- temperature and combustion environments make it ideal for advance automotive applications. For instance, it could be used in fuel-injection plungers as an alternative to the present carbon based coatings. Biocompatibility of the material also suggests applications in biomedical implants, such as used in knee and hip replacements. Preliminary studies indicate that boron may have better adherence to biomedical alloys, thus eliminating one of the largest causes of failure for such implants. |
| LYNNTECH, INC.
7610 Eastmark Drive College Station, TX 77840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(979) 693-0017
Dr. Zoran Minevski ARMY 01-202 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Electrochemically Co-Deposited Quasicrystaline Non-Stick Coating for Field Cookware |
| Abstract: | This Phase I project is concerned with the design and development of a novel single-step manufacturing method for non-stick quasicrystalline coatings that will be a "drop-in" technology for currently used industrial cookware production lines. The new proposed technology involves a novel method of electrochemical codeposition of non-stick quasicrystalline coatings from low cost, commercially available quasicrystalline powders (Al65-Cu23-Fe12) suspended in a copper-plating bath. Preliminary results performed by Lynntech Inc. confirm the feasibility of the electrochemically codeposited quasicrystalline coatings and establish the scientific basis for Phase I experiments to qualify this new surface treatment for aluminum cookware applications. Lynntech has shown electrochemically codeposited quasicrystalline coatings subjected to low cycle multi-pass scratch tests had a coefficient of friction as low as m = 0.09 which is comparable to PTFE coated samples, as well as, the coating thickness can varied by directly controlling codeposition time. The proposed coating will be easily applicable to commercially available aluminum cookware and will provide the following advantages: (i.) non-stick characteristics, similar to commercially available PTFE, (ii.) resistance to wear, (iii.) corrosion protection, as well as, (iv.) good adhesion to substrate with the ability to withstand rapid temperature fluctuations. Briefly, in Phase I, research will be carried out to investigate critical issues related to the electrochemical codeposition of non-stick quasicrystalline coatings, and to evaluate their performance on commercially available aluminum cookware. Cost effective non-stick quasicrystalline cookware coatings with excellent wear and corrosion properties that can be applied easily to a variety of cookware designs will have an enormous potential in the military and civilian cookware industry. |
| SOAR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
3600 Green Court, Suite 600 Ann Arbor, MI 48105 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 207-2237
Dr. Amy Henninger ARMY 01-203 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Weapon Firing Algorithm for Simulated Individual Combatants |
| Abstract: | This effort proposes a study for the development of an individual combatant weapon systems firing algorithm to be used in the Integrated Unit Simulation System (IUSS). The IUSS is a force-on-force model used by analysts to support acquisition and materiel design considerations affecting individual combatants and small units in high-resolution combat and operations other than war. To improve the fidelity of simulation and better support the decision-making needs of analysts, improved behavioral representations are required. A number of techniques for representing human decision-making have been reviewed by researchers in the military simulation human behavior representation (HBR) community. However, no studies have focused specifically on which techniques would be best suited to modeling Individual Combatant (IC) weapons firing tasks. We propose a methodical approach to identifying which HBR techniques would best serve this need. Included in this approach are a review of existing production level and research level algorithms, a technique for defining model requirements and collecting supporting data, and an HBR framework within which to consider the alternative techniques. It is anticipated that the execution of this approach will result in an effective and efficient plan for developing an IC weapon systems firing algorithm for the IUSS. Creating realistic, real-time virtual humans is an ambitious goal being pursued by a variety of communities: military simulation & training organizations, computer science and psychology researchers, and the entertainment/computer game industry. The results of this work should be of interest to military simulation developers (e.g., assessing the impact of new infantry weapons against realistic adversaries), the research community (understanding information processing requirements and parsimonious representations for real-time spatial reasoning), police and other law enforcement agencies (for training applications) and the entertainment industry (populating computer games with teams of intelligent opponents). |
| RINI TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
7319 Sands Cove Court, Suite 2 Winter Park, FL 32792 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 681-2080
Daniel P. Rini ARMY 01-204 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Increased Performance of GCSEL Arrays by Improved Thermal Management |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR effort will demonstrate the feasibility of using RTI's patent pending cooling technology, Evaporative Spray Cooling (ESC), to enable a revolutionary GCSEL diode laser technology to be scaled to high power. The GCSEL array has the ability to cut any material in a rapid and precise fashion with low beam divergence diodes; and by adding the advanced heat removal capacity of ESC the GCSEL array can be scaled to higher average powers. RTI is working closely with this GCSEL laser company; they are supplying matching funds on this SBIR effort. The ESC technique offers high-heat-flux heat removal from the GCSEL array, as well as reduced overall size and mass of the thermal management system. This combination enables an increase in laser power and a reduction in subsystem support. Both are vital for HEL applications on tactical platforms. The proposed technology combination will result in a revolutionary laser cutting abilities, with increased power density and reduced system size. |
| MISSION RESEARCH CORP.
735 State Street Santa Barbara, CA 93101 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 339-6500
Dr. Robert F. Gray ARMY 01-205 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of Advanced Algorithms to Mitigate Radio Frequency Interference in Missile Defense BMC4I Electronics |
| Abstract: | The proposed effort will develop and demonstrate advanced algorithms for the protection of sensitive electronics against electromagnetic interference. The algorithm-based protection technique will be applicable to both of military systems and COTS equipment. The proposed algorithm-based protection technique will focus on circuitry which employ state estimators as part of the control process. Under Phase I, the theoretical foundation for the new hardening technique will be thoroughly developed. This theoretical effort will leverage off of MRC's recent studies of chaos effects in electronic circuits due to high frequency electromagnetic fields. The resulting theory will be applied to circuits representative of missile defense electronics. The hardening technique will effectively increase the immunity of the electronic unit through the application of algorithms designed to compensate for the effects of the interfering electromagnetic environment. Key elements of the theory will be verified experimentally. The theory will then be applied in the Phase II demonstration effort where full scale imbedded protection devices will be produced and tested. The anticipated result of the proposed approach is the development of a new protection technique which will improve the immunity of the electronic unit through the application of advanced control algorithms. If completely successful, the new protection technique will allow the protection to adapt to new environments without hardware modifications such as increased shielding and non-linear limiters. |
| RADIANCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
500 Wynn Drive, Suite 504 Huntsville, AL 35816 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 704-3642
Dr. M. Franklin Rose ARMY 01-206 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Enhanced Munitions |
| Abstract: | In this work, we will build and demonstrate a Spiral-Line Vector Inversion Generator that can take electrostatically stored energy and convert it to high power, high frequency electromagnetic energy in essentially a one-component, one-step process. We will develop a theoretical description of the Vector Inversion Generator, extract design guidelines from the theory and establish a relevant switch and materials database for applications. Further, we will demonstrate that the device can operate, depending on the initial voltage, at power levels ranging from kilowatts to gigawatts. We will, however, concentrate on minimal size with maximum generated power in both single pulse and repetitive operation. This device will greatly simplify power conditioning for some directed energy weapons concept since it effectively combines the basic energy storage media with the power conditioning in one dynamic element. It allows a well-defined and repeatable high power pulse at high repetition rates. It may enable some directed energy weapons concepts ranging from "jamming through the wall" to direct burnout of sensitive solid state components. It is directly related to Sub-topic A012-206, Enhanced Munitions. A low cost reliable high power pulser offers a wide array of commercial product potential. Commercial markets exist to varying degrees, from laboratory impulse generators to commercial airport X-ray facilities for security purposes. There is a market for this technology in the propulsion systems for advanced civil, military, and NASA spacecraft. There is a market for civil law enforcement in the field of portable X-ray facilities critical to the examination and evaluation of a potential bomb or other terrorist device. Similarly, impulse radar is a standard military technique to "look several feet below the ground" in order to find subterranean tunnels, land mines, etc. There is an emerging market for impulse radar capable of imaging "through the wall" making it possible to see inside structures with surprising resolution. Impulse radar is being considered for automotive applications to both "look behind and forward" for collision avoidance. The inherent simplicity and low cost of Vector Inversion Generators make them ideal for insertion into the technologies that drive these markets. |
| 21ST CENTURY SYSTEMS, INC.
427 South 166th Street Omaha, NE 68118 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(720) 981-8731
Mr. Stuart L. Aldridge ARMY 01-207 Selected for Award |
| Title: | SituSpace - Space battlespace awareness application |
| Abstract: | In response to Small Business Innovative Research solicitation A01-207, 21CSI is pleased to propose the development of a proof-of-concept software decision aid that aggregates space objects into a single, integrated space picture. Our decision aid, SituSpace, will be built from the bottom up to support the theater commander and his staff with a visual depiction of the space portion of the battlespace. It will employ intelligent agent technology to generate a three dimensional view of objects on orbit above a theater. This project will also use XML objects as the medium of information distribution and storage. We propose to focus our research and development activity on the visualization needs of the Army theater commander and his staff. There are multiple databases of objects in space (i.e., NORAD), as well as deep space tracking units, and we propose to aggregate their data into a composite visual picture of the space battlespace. This SBIR will culminate in an integrated SituSpace software package that will assist the theater commander and his staff in visualizing the upper battlespace arena and the disposition of friendly and unfriendly forces. Conceivably this application, given an ASAT capability, could assist in the future space control activity. This will be a unique product. Many commercial applications, which require their own aggregated picture of objects on orbit, would benefit strongly from the SituSpace concept: commercial satellite launch companies, NASA, air traffic control, and others. The SituSpace product will be delivered through 21CSI's open architecture AEDGETM environment. Beyond the SituSpace core product, transition of the decision support system (DSS) technology itself also will have very significant potential. DSS agents have wide potential applicability to just about every industry involving humans in the loop (including the consumer sector). Our first commercial, non-military product incorporating SituSpace technology will likely be part of a decision support tool for risk assessment of financial, credit, and insurance transactions. That tool will plug into the existing online resources, including trading systems, credit bureau databases, stock monitoring systems, and others. The tool will be used both in support of decision-making and for distributed training. |
| FGM, INC.
45245 Business Court, Suite 400 Dulles, VA 20166 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 266-8993
Mr. Paul Scott Lewis ARMY 01-207 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Aggregated SPace Object (ASPO) Definition for Single Integrated Space Picture (SISP) |
| Abstract: | SISP SBIR (A01-207): Space Control is a key component of the Army's capability to deploy major forces globally within hours. Rapid deployment supported by Space Control, promotes and sustains operational and tactical dominance. FGM will model an Aggregated SPace Object (ASPO), which supports an integrated space control mission display at the Battalion Commander's level and among designated C4I nodes. It is defined by standard XML meta-language, DTD and data schema, and aggregates space satellite, surveillance and related data from various sources for intuitive visual presentation. The ASPO acquires a structured data representation using XML and XSL that can be used to represent object schemas and actual object instances. The ASPO construct enables user access and integrates information from multiple domains for unified space control mission presentation. To support new evolving classes of interoperable/platform independent applications, a "data strategy" needs to be defined. The key component of this "strategy" is data aggregation, the collection, and organization of data from disparate sources into a common representation that is efficient, and is easily exploited by mission applications. The ASPO is a scalable data object in a component-based architecture, which can evolve in order to integrate and be interoperable with other mission objects. The intended benefit of the Aggregated SPace Object (ASPO) is a mobile, platform-independent capability which enables operators to: access and aggregate unclassified space object and order-of-battle information; to refine it with organic sensor data; to consolidate the information into a single inexpensive display; and, to enhance space control mission planning and execution by implementing more intuitive visualization aids and through interoperability with other mission information objects. One of FGM's ongoing and related primary tasks is the development of a dynamic data fusion environment for data visualization and rapid information integration in the GCSS program for DISA, and for the Marine Corps, tools which bring battlespace visualization to the PDA environment. This technology is highly applicable to the SISP effort. The ASPO technology could easily become the cornerstone for database modeling and data mediation. Therefore, the data modeling technology can be applied in the commercial market as well, not just for space-related displays, but as a tool to further the evolution in e-business interoperability. |
| SURFACE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
P.O. Box 1027 Glen Burnie, MD 21060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 332-0633
Mr. Michael A. Riley ARMY 01-208 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Scaleable Process Technology for Nanostructured Materials |
| Abstract: | Surface Treatment Technologies, Inc. (ST2) proposes the application of advanced electron-beam (e-beam materials processing for the formation of novel nano-structural materials for Missile Defense Systems. Specifically we will focus on developing both non-reactive and reactive structures to function as non-parasitic warhead materials for ballistic missile kill-vehicles. These reactive structures can be used either as kill-vehicles against incoming threat systems, or an payloads for "bunker-buster" defeat approaches to chemical/biological stockpiles. Non-reactive structures can serve a number of structural roles, as well as being developed as advanced penetrators. Current missiles employ the hit-to-kill defeat concept, which may prove insufficient for chemical/biological threat systems. The proposed approach would use rapid e-beam processing to form full nano-structural bodies that would also provide flame/incendiary capabilities upon impact. E-beam processing has demonstrated the ability to form large structures (1 meter diameter) with thickness of 5-10 millimeters in a period of less than 3 hours. The process can be adapted for single metal materials, multi-layered functionally gradient, or thermally reactive structures. The Phase I effort will select materials systems with potentially unique properties and verify thermal and mechanical properties of the candidates. Phase II will select nanostructural materials and scale up to e-beam deposition process. E-beam formed nano-phase reactive structures will provide both structural and thermal properties to missile systems for anti-missile interceptors as well as "bunker-buster" technologies. In addition, nano-structural materials fabricated using the e-beam deposition process have a number of potential commercial applications, including electronic materials, shape-memory alloys, and medical hardware. |
| SAN DIEGO RESEARCH CENTER, INC.
12162 SE 14th Street Bellevue, WA 98005 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 761-2818
Dr. Mark McHenry ARMY 01-209 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Spectral Efficicent Range Communications System |
| Abstract: | The San Diego Research Center (SDRC) and Cubic Defense Systems offers a visionary communication system that addresses the needs of the Army's test and training ranges to ultimately achieve interoperability, compatibility and commonality while accommodating the specific requirements that the ranges be ready to participate in the Army's Transformation through testing the weapons of the Future Combat System and the Objective Force. In the proposed work, SDRC and Cubic will identify all of the functions required at the test and training ranges for evaluating the weapon systems of the FCS and the Objective Force, determine the feasibility of combining these functions into multifunctional systems, explore the latest and emerging technologies to improve spectral efficiency and complete an initial system design. This technology once matured, would have potentional commercial applications, such as wireless internet, wireless local area network (LAN), millimeter-wave LANS, intelligent transport systems (ITS), cellular radio and broadband access. |
| SIMWRIGHT, INC.
7552 Navarre Parkway, Suite 2B Navarre, FL 32566 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(850) 939-8707
Mr. Kerry D. Christopher ARMY 01-210 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Synthetic Natural Environment (SNE) Development & Interoperability |
| Abstract: | Despite recent advances in hardware and software tools for modeling and simulation, significant limitations still exist in the ability to quickly create and render geospecific visual terrain databases (TDB's). Existing capabilities to generate terrain databases are often tied to classified databases that cannot be used for many general-purpose applications. Worldwide coverage can only be provided if commercial and unclassified imagery sources can be exploited: 3) Improve the ability to provide geodetic accuracy. Currently the tools capable of providing geodetic accuracy require the use of classified databases. Improvement in this area requires the ability to exploit commercial imagery to provide terrain databases with geodetic accuracy; 4) Improve the real-time display utility of high definition terrain databases. Existing terrain database formats and rendering methodologies often require high-end image generation equipment to realize the full benefit of the available data in a real-time rendering environment. This SBIR proposal proposes to address these technology limitations and proposes technology advances that would significantly speed the process by which visual terrain databases are created. Integral to advances in the rapid scene generation capability is the implementation of a database framework that enhances the ability to render these databases in a real-time mission environment. This effort will benefit CGF users by increasing the resolution and fidelity of the synthetic environment used by these simulations. The development of a plug-in environment query engine will reduce the time and cost required to develop a new CGF database. With the increase in database resolution and interoperability offered by this task CGF systems will be able to be used with more simulations with less effort. |
| TRIDENT SYSTEMS, INC.
10201 Lee Highway, Suite 300 Fairfax, VA 22030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 267-6754
Mr. Levent Yilmaz ARMY 01-210 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Synthetic Natural Environment (SNE) Development & Interoperability |
| Abstract: | Prompted by the needs of joint training, mission planning, and C2 systems interoperability evaluation, the modeling and simulation community realized that the efficient use of simulation requires rapid generation of Synthetic Natural Environment (SNE) data. It has been further recognized that the synthetic representation for modeling and simulation facilitates three critical needs of the battle staff/decision makers by providing: (1) a common view of the battlespace, (2) real-time support for collaborative action planning, and (3) distributed mission training/planning (DMTP). Trident proposes an advanced Environmental Ground Truth Generator/Certifier methodology and associated reference tool infrastructure that would facilitate: (1) semi-automated terrain database generation and integration (with inter-source and intra-source correlation) and (2) advanced checking and verification of both the SNE terrain data as well as associated ground truth SNE HLA models that effect generated SNE data. The internal dynamics models in the generation and certification process is congruent with the SNE Conceptual Reference Model developed by STRICOM. The proposed terrain data generator method uses category-partition based testing for terrain database generation and deploys the DARPA XML Agent Markup Language (DAML) and ontology inference layer (OIL) to capture the meta-data to facilitate compositional consistency (inter/intra-correlation) analysis of generated and reused SNE data. The major programs that will be supported by effective synthetic natural environment representation are: (1) advance concept development and defense planning, (2) R&D, acquisition, and military doctrine development, and (3) training, exercise, and military operations user domains (DMTP). Although DMTP as a concept has originated from the training needs of the military, it has far-reaching implications to team training in numerous other fields as well. The training of commercial pilots, air traffic controllers, and navigators requires synthetic representation of the domain in which they function. The proposed rapid SNE generator and certifier technology will provide a powerful framework to enable systematic derivation |
| 21ST CENTURY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
8716 North Mopac Expressway, Suite 310 Austin, TX 78759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 342-0010
Dr. Darrin Taylor ARMY 01-211 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Two Way Integration of HLA and Cougaar Technologies |
| Abstract: | We propose a two way integration of logistics and simulation technologies incorporating Cougaar and HLA technologies. At one end of the integration, we propose to exploit simulation technologies to drive the major inputs of the logistics and the distribution pipeline. At the other end, the logistics software can provide opportunities to drive parts of the simulation by making all or a portion of the logistics state available to the simulation network at a high level of detail. To achieve a two way integration, our effort involves integration of the Cougaar logistics architecture into HLA. Cougaar contains that technology to provide a high level of detail that can support a robust simulation effort. Therefore, the major goal of this effort is an integrated logistics capability within the combat simulation context through the exploitation of Cougaar software. The logistics computations are available at multiple fidelities that can provide integration into training platforms at multiple fidelities (different granularities of detail). A marriage between HLA and Cougaar technologies can add value to both the simulation and logistics communities. Value to the simulation community includes total asset visibility during simulations in addition to more realistic simulations. Value to the logistics community is an understanding of the supply chain through simulations |
| GNOSYS, INC.
92 Poplar St. Watertown,, MA 02472 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 924-8342
James Panagos ARMY 01-212 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Simulation Toolkit for Multiple Forces and Sides |
| Abstract: | Today's constructive simulations do not possess the ability to represent multiple Forces and Sides with the flexibility required for today's threat and coalition forces. Gnosys, with SAIC as a team partner will leverage its over 10 years of experience in constructive simulations to develop a toolkit for Multiple Forces and Sides that offers users the option of combining new characteristics which until now, only programmers could accomplish. The Gnosys team will design and build a Java/C++ Windows-based prototype simulation toolkit in support of WARSIM and embedded in OneSAF that allows novel configurations of Forces and Sides. By using a Graphical User Interface (GUI), the non-programmer user can specify combinations of tactics techniques and procedures, task organizations and weapons platforms. The anticipated results of the proposed approach are: 1)Greatly improve the ability to represent multiple Forces and Sides not only for WARSIM but also for many other simulations. 2)The creation of new Tactics, Techniques and Procedures, Task Organizations and Platforms rapidly by state of the art graphical user interfaces (GUIs) at the appropriate level of detail for the echelon by non-programmers. 3)Reduction in labor for encoding required to provide simulations with multiple Forces and Sides. 4)Reuse of legacy code in expanding Forces and Sides representations. 5)Reduce the technical risks, costs and time associated with Computer Generated Forces development The potential commercial applications of the toolkit are: 1)It could be used as a commercial off the shelf component in larger mission systems. 2)It could be used as a scenario setup tool in commercial board-style wargame programs |
| REALITY BY DESIGN, INC.
354 West Cummings Park Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 736-0066
Mr. Nabil Rami ARMY 01-213 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Virtual Environments for Medical Simulation |
| Abstract: | Reality by Design (RBD), an Advanced Interactive Systems (AIS) Company, proposes to research, design and develop a system capable of generating meaningful casualties from events occurring in a popular computer game, and communicating them to the Combat Trauma Patient Simulator (CTPS), a cutting-edge military medical simulator, to train military clinicians. RBD will use DoD's High Level Architecture (HLA) protocol to develop a gateway for the computer game in order to communicate with the CTPS. RBD will also research, design and develop a system that will allow for natural and realistic treatment of the patient to include manipulation of the virtual patient and equipments. This system will be integrated into a suitable existing medical simulator. Collaboration with key companies in the game and the medical simulation market will utilize leading game and medical simulation technology. Using PC technology, our solution will be low cost, easy to maintain, and will allow for rapid, modular expansion in the future. A variety of commercial markets exist for the developed technology. New products can be used as an initial entry training in medical schools for Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) as well as combat medics, national guards, and any other personnel classified as first responder. It can also be used as a refresher and sustainment training in hospitals to keep its medical personnel ready for emergency situations. These tools will allow for a more effective medical training at low cost. |
| RGB DISPLAY CORP.
22525 Kingston Lane Grass Valley, CA 95949 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(530) 268-2222
Mr. William J. McLaughlin ARMY 01-214 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advanced Display Technology for Virtual Simulation |
| Abstract: | RGB proposes to develop solutions to improve virtual simulation requirements such as low light level visualization, high speed apparent motion, and low cost through various uses of and improvements to Active Matrix Liquid Crystal Display (AMLCD) Flat Panel Displays (FPD). AMLCD FPD's have many advantages, including improved contrast ratio and response time, high resolution, minimal maintenance requirements, and a 20 year service life. One such use is a 360øH x 28øV Visual Display Ring for popped hatch tank simulators, made from five dual FPD sectors. The system includes a unique arrangement of adjacent panel interfaces that creates virtually seamless visuals due to the minimal spacing (0.25") between panels. We will develop a visual system for aircraft Collimating Lens Simulators that creates an image mimicking a 25" Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) with an infinite field of view as observed from the pilot and co-pilot positions. This visual system uses a special 28.1" AMLCD FPD which includes a special lens creating a curvature of radius that compensates for the image originating from a flat screen as opposed to a curved screen. Other useful commercial products will be developed using single, dual or triple unit variations of the FPD's described above. The proposed solutions will be less costly than current systems in use and will address problems encountered with other systems such as poor resolution, inability to produce low light scenes, color and luminance balance difficulties, slow response times, soft pictures, poor flatness of field, costly and recurring maintenance requirements, and limitations in rebuilding Cathode Ray Tubes currently in use but no longer available new. These solutions are proposed to be used for military or commercial simulation of aircraft, helicopters, and ground vehicles, in addition to commercial applications such as Computer Aided Design, graphic design, high density media, stock exchanges, and broadcast video. |
| INNOVATIVE TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
NovaSol, 2800 Woodlawn Drive #192 Honolulu, HI 96822 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(808) 539-3651
Dr. John Sender ARMY 01-215 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Geometric Pairing |
| Abstract: | NovaSol is pleased to propose a feasibility and conceptual design study for the development of a compact, rugged Geometric Pairing appliance. The proposed system, called GeoSight, enables realtime scoring for indirect fire weapons in training engagements. GeoSight does this by instrumenting the weapon platform to maintain an accurate knowledge of its location and bearing. When a simulated round is "fired," GeoSight uses this information to calculate a trajectory and determine the location and time of the munitions hit. The essential innovation in GeoSight is a novel combination of sets of small positioning and pointing sensors with sophisticated algorithms for internal calibration, all within a scalable architecture. By maximizing the performance and stability of the sensor suite, GeoSight delivers optimal pointing performance while minimizing the weight/size/cost burden. The GeoSight project will extend NovaSol's capabilities in the area of high-accuracy geolocation, pointing and stabilization systems. In particular, GeoSight will push this technology in the direction of small, lightweight, rugged, inexpensive systems. These will have important commercial applications for image stabilization, such as stabilized hand-held cameras and scanning instruments. At the high-precision end, GeoSight technology could find applications in target monitoring systems for police helicopter surveillance, precision emplacement of air-delivered sensor packages, improvements in geolocation for advanced geophysical surveying, and space-based earth monitoring telescopes. |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC.
725 Concord Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Ms. Karen A. Harper ARMY 01-216 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Genetic Programming-based Agent Training System (GPATS) |
| Abstract: | Increasingly sophisticated models and simulations developed by DoD to support a range of analysis and training functions have triggered a strong demand for realistic representation of the key human decision makers that populate the battlespace. Developing adaptive and robust human behavior representations (HBRs) has not been a trivial exercise, however, especially given the dependence of most state-of-the-art HBR approaches on intensive domain-specific knowledge acquisition (KA) and manually-mediated knowledge representation (KR) efforts. To address these problems, we propose to develop a Genetic Programming-based Agent Training System (GPATS) that will employ an evolutionary computation approach that will train agents to combine basic skills in an optimal fashion, thus generating more complex individual skills and emergent group behaviors that will prove effective in military operations. Our approach includes three primary components: 1) a set of "seed functions" that describe simple behaviors that our agents possess a priori (e.g., walking, carrying a weapon, communicating); 2) a Genetic Programming (GP) engine that employs an evolutionary strategy to combine these seed functions into more complex functions (e.g., detect and shoot target); and 3) a simulation-based "fitness function" that quantitatively measures the capability of a given agent to perform within a simulated combat scenario. The focus of our product development effort will be the enhancement of our Intelligent Agent Toolkit product, via the incorporation of the genetic programming engine proposed under this effort. We also intend to explore opportunities in the commercial gaming arena, via the injection of optimized "smart" synthetic adversaries and virtual teammates. |
| MAK TECHNOLOGIES
185 Alewife Brook Parkway Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 876-8085
Mr. John Morrison ARMY 01-216 Selected for Award |
| Title: | C2I Surrogate Behaviors |
| Abstract: | Warfighter decision-making is increasingly being pushed down to lower-levels of command in search of better and more rapid response. This increases requirements for simulation-based assessment, training, and mission rehearsal. Unfortunately, the C2I modeling of both adversary and friendly forces in simulation is poor, requiring too much labor to set up and run simulations. Process-based AI approaches are both labor- intensive and can produce unrealistic models. Improved cognitive modeling, especially when capable of learning, holds promise to address the C2I modeling problem, enabling better simulation-based assessment, training, and mission rehearsal, without prohibitively high labor costs. The combined Phase I/II approach builds upon previous SBIR-funded R&D integrating Behavior-Based Robotics (BBR) technology with emerging 4th generation CGF systems, and it proposes to leverage emerging BBR learning techniques to produce believable, unpredictable, adaptable C2I surrogates. This provides a combination of leading-edge BBR technology integrated with commercial-grade CGF technology. In this effort, we will produce a Functional Analysis of the Proposed System, providing a distillation of functional requirements. We will survey the emerging techniques for learning in BBR systems and evaluate each against our design goals and functional requirements. Finally, we will produce a Comprehensive Systems Description to include a system design. The proposed approach builds upon a previous successful integration of MIT developed Behavior Based Robotics technology with an HLA-compliant CGF. In addition to achieving believable, unpredictable, adaptable C2I surrogates, the proposed approach lays a foundation for Phase II development by producing a software design. It enables future standards development and advanced research in CGF-based human behavioral modeling. MŽK is uniquely qualified to commercialize the proposed work. MŽK's VR-Forces CGF product will directly benefit from the work, and it will provide a direct outlet for immediate commercialization of the work. This will increase sales and provide wide dissemination of technology to developers. MŽK's Low-Cost Training Game applications are based upon VR-Forces, and would also provide a direct outlet to getting the proposed technology into DoD end-user's hands as soon as possible. MŽK will use its position as the leading supplier of distributed simulation tools to ensure successful penetration into the DoD and commercial markets. |
| SATCON TECHNOLOGY CORP.
161 First Street Cambridge, MA 02142 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 349-0819
Mr. Mark Harris ARMY 01-217 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Power Modules for Military Hybrid Electric Vehicles and Other Applications |
| Abstract: | SatCon will investigate materials and and innovative designs to increase the power density and high temperature reliability of power electronics in Military Hybrid Electric Vehicles. We will focus on switch modules for DC/DC conversion that can serve numerous applications as well as motor drives. Advanced engineered materials will be investigated for application in integrally cooled power modules. An approach to double side cooling will be investigated as well. The improvements developed in Phase I will be the basis for a compact, modular DC/DC converter design for Military Hybrid Vehicles in Phase II. Commercial applicatons will benefit by adopting these advances by in such applications such as automotive electric vehicles and soid state uninterruptible power systems (UPS). Converters capable of running at higher power density will run cooler and more reliably when implemented into those applications where the same volume is allocated for converter design based on present technology. |
| SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
13766 S. Hawthorne Blvd. Hawthorne, CA 90250 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 679-2281
Mr. R. Wade Allen ARMY 01-218 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Road and Terrain Characterization for Vehicle Dynamics and Mobility Analysis |
| Abstract: | Ground vehicle dynamics analysis on off-road terrain is a classic and difficult problem. Vehicle suspension and structural dynamics are well understood, so given a well-characterized set of forcing functions, modern computer tools can be used to assess the impact of terrain on vehicle components. The problem therefore is to develop terrain models for vehicle simulation and analysis. Systems Technology, Inc. proposes to develop the Road and Terrain Characterization Toolbox (RTCT). This software tool will create a layered map built up from a selection of elevation profiles, terrain patches, roads, and non-random features. Each terrain patch will be modeled with a combination of deterministic, periodic and stochastic functions. A library of roads and terrain patches will be available, and a procedure for adding and developing new items for this library will be a part of the package including estimation of terrain model parameters from site-specific measurements. The non-random features of the map include everything else, from trees to houses. The location of these so-called non-random features can be deterministic or random. Creating forcing function inputs for vehicle simulations will be the main use of the RTCT. Visualization and aggregate terrain classification will also be important parts of the software package. The RTCT software toolbox will provide models for a wide variety of terrain elevation profiles with the most direct application of these profiles being real-time vehicle simulations for the US military. The larger market for the RTCT, however, resides in commercial vehicle manufacturing where the commercial benefits include better assessment techniques for vehicle component fatigue and driver/passenger comfort. The RTCT can also be applied to commercial driving simulators such as currently produced by STI. |
| ADIABATICS, INC.
3385 Commerce Drive Columbus, IN 47201 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(812) 372-5052
Dr. Philipe Saad ARMY 01-219 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Tribological Phenomenon for Advanced Diesel Engines - Engine Modeling |
| Abstract: | This proposal comprises research efforts to study a dynamic non-stationary friction regime with a variable range of external factors or parameters. This research method considers the development of special non-linear mathematical models for engine tribology including the lubricating oil film thickness as a function of a series of independent parameters in extreme working conditons. These models are proposed to be used collectively to model an advanced military diesel engine. This "whole" engine model will be flexible enough to allow incorporation of other bearing, ring pack, parasitic component or other tribology phenomenon source. Each individual tribo-phenomenon source will be varified by laboratory bench test rig and in a future effort, on a full scale advanced military diesel engine. The Phase I effort serves to verify this modeling concept. The Phase I Option serves to optimize and examine methods of incorporating these model into a "whole" complete engine model. This in turn will serve as an analytical tool not only to assess tribological phenomenon, but also to predict or project their effects on powerplant performance. Future work would incorporate this model into an easy to use 3-dimensional user interactive interface model. Prediction of the effect tribological events place on overall engine performance have been an area of interest for virtually all operational powerplants. The effect of friction and wear is critical to the optimization of engine performance and life expectancy. The development of an engine model in a user friendly 3-D interactive PC based model would be a great asset to any engine manufacturer or performance minded engine builder. In addition to developing a commercial engine based tribology model, this would provide the opportunity to expand our computer modeling capabilities in other design and developmental hardware areas. These areas would not necessarily have to be in the internal combustion engine field as tribology is a phenomenon incurred in virtually any machine design applications. |
| C-K TECHNOLOGIES L.L.C.
116 Holloway Road Ballwin, MO 63011 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(636) 394-3331
Mr. Harold McCormick ARMY 01-219 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Tribological Phenomena for Advanced Diesel Engines |
| Abstract: | Proposed work utilizes three existing fourth-generation modules of the cylinder kit model which applied to improving oil consumption, blowby and general engine life in gasoline and diesel engines for over thirty years. When completed, the proposed Phase 1 work will: ,h Link the three independent modules: - Ring motion, gas flow, oil film thickness, and friction - Calculation of void areas between ring face and non-round cylinder - Piston motion including resultant contact forces between skirt, lands, cylinder wall, oil film formation between skirt/cylinder bore, and total friction loss ,h Develop and integrate the following modules into the above program: - Ring conformability and twist created by ring design/operating forces - Oil transport/movement as influenced by cylinder bore surface character/values - Initial wear module ring/liner surfaces The above integrated modules will permit: - Calculation of oil film between ring face and cylinder bore in three dimensions - Predicted values for blow-by, positive and reverse flows - Friction loss caused by piston ring/piston - Wear of ring face and cylinder bore considering piston, ring, bore geometry/finish and engine operating conditions. Substantial reduction in cost of commercial or military diesel engines |
| MID MICHIGAN RESEARCH
2170 Long Leaf Okemos, MI 48864 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(517) 347-3091
Harold Schock ARMY 01-219 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Tribological Phenomena for Advanced Diesel Engines |
| Abstract: | Military and commercial applications of future diesel engines will require a reduction in the time consuming and costly experimental research, testing, and development currently being used. One component of this resolution will depend on using a numerical model of cylinder-kit dynamics, leading to reductions in engine friction and oil consumption. Understanding the design factors, which must be balanced to provide the good sealing of piston rings required for optimum performance, along with maintaining low friction, low wear, and high reliability, requires utilization of a state of the art numerical model of cylinder-kit dynamics. The Cylinder Kit Analysis System for Engines (CASE System) is based on mathematical models developed for cylinder-kit design studies. A complete 3-D finite element model would offer the potential of modeling all of the dynamics and tribological factors of interest. However, the high number of computer run times necessary to solve the thousands of equations utilized by such a model would make it useless as a design tool. The primary objective of the Phase I project will be to integrate the newly develop oil-film, wear and oil-consumption models (all 3-D) and determine the feasibility of using this new set of models as a design tool. The CASE System (Cylinder Kit Analysis System for Engines) is a computerized system of models that formalizes a structured approach for the analysis and design of pistons, piston rings and other cylinder kit components. At this point in time, only a few modelers actually understand the complex tribological/dynamic interactions that occur within the cylinder kit. The proposed strategy for commercializing the CASE System encompasses the preparation of a book that would describe and explain the models and sub-models that have been implemented within the CASE System. This will be published and commercially available to students and engineers. As part of the purchase price of the book, a copy of the executable version of the program will be supplied. The increase in sales and usage of the book, by a worldwide group of engineers, will stimulate further software developments and therefore make the simulations more realistic. For those that want to write their own submodels, the necessary outputs of CASE will allow them to do this without paying a royalty fee. Individually developed new modules, to be integrated within the CASE System, would require that a license be negotiated with Mid Michigan Research. This combined effort will make the CASE System available to a wider array of students and engineers, whose visionary enthusiasm and intensity would improve the piston engine cylinder kit simulations and the concurrent development of new engines. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Ms. Karen D. Jayne ARMY 01-220 Selected for Award |
| Title: | New Electrode Materials for Batteries and Fuel Cells |
| Abstract: | Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop a novel process to making proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) electrodes using carbon nanofibers. The innovation put forth in this proposal is the use of electrospinning to fabricate a nanoscale fiber network with both the interconnectivity and the surface area properties of ultrahigh aspect ratio fiber networks. Electrodes fabricated from nanoscale fiber networks will have higher internal electrode surface area for electrocatalytic reaction and greater electronic connectivity for more complete electrode utilization at lower mass loadings than currently used carbon microparticle (1 to 5 microns) electrodes. Because of the low percolation thresholds of nanoscale fiber networks, carbon mass loadings can be reduced allowing the fabrication of electrodes with higher ionic conductivity and gas diffusion. This Phase I program will demonstrate enhanced performance of the carbon nanofiber electrodes. The success of this Phase I program will result in a high performance electrod for PEM fuel cells which have both mobile and stationary power applications in industrial and military sectors. |
| AVEKA, INC.
2045 Wooddale Drive Woodbury, MN 55125 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(651) 714-4293
Dr. Gary Pozarnsky ARMY 01-221 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Hybrid Electric Vehicle Storage Battery Based on Nanophase V2O5 Xerogel |
| Abstract: | New materials and processing techniques are needed to provide a high power storage device for usage in a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). AVEKA has developed a unique nanophase V205 material that is capable of storing and delivering large amounts of energy in a short period of time. AVEKA will utilize its proprietary coating technology to form a nanocomposite laminate from this material which can be utilized as a high energy density battery cathode. This prototype battery will not need external cooling and will be able to withstand wide extremes in operating environments. Rechargeable batteries, such as will be developed in this work, have several uses in commercial electronics and in electric vehicles. |
| QUALMAG, INC.
10547 Viper Way San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 334-2246
Mr. Joseph Farahmandi ARMY 01-221 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Low Cost, High Power Electrochemical Capacitor |
| Abstract: | A high power electrochemical capacitor is proposed based on low cost carbon materials. Currently, most commercial electrochemical capacitors use synthetic polymer precursors in the fabrication of activated carbon used in the electrode structures. These materials offer superior performance over the life of the capacitor. The synthetic materials have high carbon purity, which leads to long life characteristics in the capacitor. Lower cost non-synthetic precursors are considerably less expensive but typically do not exhibit stable performance over the life of the device. New and innovative manufacturing techniques for low cost precursors will be investigated that improve carbon purity. Currently, carbon constitutes 45% of the material costs in electrochemical capacitors. The proposed improvements will reduce material cost by a factor of two. This dramatic reduction in material expense will improve the competitiveness of this technology in relation to rechargeable batteries. The developed materials will be integrated into high power electrode designs that will increase peak power performance by at least a factor of two. There is growing interest in the use of electrochemical energy storage systems during short-term power pulses. Commercial applications include: regenerative braking in hybrid and electric vehicles, digital wireless telecommunication systems, and combustion engine starting applications. The short output characteristics of these applications differ from the duty cycles than are typically seen for conventional battery systems. Electrochemical capacitor technology offers distinct advantages for these short pulse applications. They offer excellent reliability, cycle performance, and low temperature discharge characteristics. For many applications ranging from a faction of a second to 6 second pulses, an electrochemical capacitor offers a reduction in overall system size. Currently, because of the high cost of materials used in these capacitors they do not offer an advantage in cost in comparison to other technologies. The proposed development program will help alleviate this issue by reducing carbon cost by a factor of two. |
| REALTIME TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
100 N. Crooks Rd., Suite 114 Clawson, MI 48017 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(248) 705-0705
Dr. Richard Romano ARMY 01-222 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Simulator Monitor and Control (SMAC) System |
| Abstract: | With the reduction in cost of computers, and computer-generated imagery, the number of research driving simulators is rapidly increasing. Driving simulators used for research, such as vehicle design, safety and comfort, present additional challenges compared to typical training simulators. The simulator itself must frequently be modified to support the evaluation of in-vehicle hardware systems. In addition the routes that the driver in the simulator follows and the vehicles and events that they encounter are dependent on the research being performed. Finally, automotive research simulators typically have small research staffs to handle the development and performance of human factors research protocols and the related simulator modifications. The Phase I objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of a simulator monitor and control system (SMAC) workstation that would give simulation centers a means to safely and effectively run laboratory-based simulations in a cost-effective fashion. During Phase I, a SMAC system will be designed and a preliminary proof of concept developed. At the end of Phase I a clear approach for attaining the complete SMAC functionality will be developed. Successful development and deployment of an SMAC system will reduce costs and increase agility of ground vehicle research simulation centers. Using the SMAC system, new vehicle designs can be rapidly integrated into the simulator and assessed using easily developed experimental and test protocols. With the growing number of ground vehicle research simulators in the automotive sector, there is a number of potential commercial customers. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-5537
Mr. Uday Kashalikar ARMY 01-223 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Lightweight, Blast-Resistant Metal Matrix Track |
| Abstract: | Air transportability, buoyancy and acoustic signature of future Army tracked vehicles such as the Crusader will be greatly enhanced if lightweight yet blast-resistant track components are developed to replace the existing forged, surface-hardened steel components. Foster-Miller proposes to demonstrate an innovative tailored metal matrix composite (MMC) track component concept that uses materials with high energy absorption capability. Our track concept can match the wear and strength performance of the current steel components at less than half their weight. Further, our MMC fabrication method (pressure casting) uses low-cost, nonstructural tooling, achieves net shape parts and is scaleable, which will produce high performance and cost-effective track components. The Foster-Miller team will include an Army vehicle prime contractor, track manufacturer, and a targeted component producer (beyond Phase II). In Phase I, Foster-Miller will produce MMC specimens for blast and mechanical testing and a scaled "show and tell" demonstration article to prove the shape capability. Foster-Miller will also conduct blast modeling based on specimen level results. In Phase II, Foster-Miller will optimize materials and processes involved, prove repeatability and consistency in track component performance, and demonstrate cost, weight and performance benefits over the baseline components. (P-010792) Phase I will provide material property data and project the performance, weight and cost benefits for the MMC track components. The Phase I team also provides a good foundation for eventual technology insertion to benefit the Army vehicle system. After initial development for the military, the lightweight, "quiet" track components will find applications in commercial tracked vehicles. Other commercial uses for blast-resistant MMCs include: mine shaft lines, explosive containment shields and aircraft cargo containment vessels or liners. Lightweight, crash energy absorbing materials have applications in many transportation systems. |
| SHAPE CHANGE TECHNOLOGIES
1731 Hendrix Ave. Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 312-5665
Dr. Peter Jardine ARMY 01-223 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Porous TiNi Metal Shock Resistant Track Shoes |
| Abstract: | Shape Change Technologies LLC is proposing to develop a Superelastic TiNi based porous metals and foams as a shock damping mechanism in tanks. Experiments in Cavitation-erosion have similar shock characteristics to the signature for 1/2 lb of C4 detonating under a tank track. TiNi has demonstrated superior damping in Cavitation-Erosion experiments. SCT will develop techniques to manufacture TiNi in a variety of porosities with a near-net shape of a tank track shoe, in order to verify optimal damping and structural properties of the shoe. Primary attritubutes of the new tank shoe would be a light weight, quickly resettable, non-magnetic, non-corroding armor which is relatively fascile to manufacture. Light weight armoring is key to a variety of commericial marketplaces, including aviation cargo containers, oil and gas isolation tanks, protective architectural panels for buildings (embassies, military and federal installations etc.) In addition porous materials are being similarily developed as bio-medicla implant materials by SCT and others, although there are key differences with repect to processing, annd material related issues such as pore size, and probably manufacturing technique. However, it is likely that strong alternative markets will be available for this material technology. |
| SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS & RESEARCH ASSOC
15261 Connector Lane Huntington Beach, CA 92649 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 903-1000
Mr. John Dering ARMY 01-224 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Potable Water Generation |
| Abstract: | Supplying potable water for the Army and other DoD field operations is challenging in many environments. Water supplies may be unreliable or simply unavailable in the conventional sense of access to a stream, lake, ditch, sea or ocean. Water is an essential for troop survival and func-tional operations. It either must be found locally at the field environment or transported logisti-cally at high impact cost to operations and troop mobility. Direct extraction from unconventional water sources that are inherently and always available as part of the ambient/background environ-ment would alleviate the problem. SARA, Inc. proposes a highly innovative method for generating potable water from air using commercial-off-the-shelf components coupled with technologies developed under US Army and Air Force funding. This method will meet the Army identified required features for field operable water systems; modular, versatile, deployable, mobile, and expansible. A process to provide potable water has many commercial applications, both at home and abroad. Along will military applications, the system can be used to supply additional sources of water in drought stricken countries, humanitarian efforts, agricultural, and architectural uses (landscaping, golf courses, fountains, ponds). |
| EIC LABORATORIES, INC.
111 Downey Street Norwood, MA 02062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 769-9450
Dr. Andrew A. Guzelian ARMY 01-225 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Optical Limiting with Nanocrystalline Materials |
| Abstract: | Broadband visible optical limiting filters will be an essential element for soldier protection in the future battlefield environment. New materials are required that provide protection for the eye for pulses >0.5 mJ, so that the threshold at which they become absorbing or scattering through damage is <0.5 J/cm2 at an intermediate focal plane. We propose to use suspensions of unaggregated absorbing nanoparticles for optical limiting. Such nanoparticles can exhibit optical limiting by several mechanisims, including charge trapping inducing plasmon and donor/acceptor absorption, and local heating leading to formation of light scattering plasmas, shock waves and bubbles. In Phase I, using new synthetic methods for semiconductor nanoparticles ("quantum dots"), we will prepare broad band absorbing monodisperse (1-10 nm diameter) particles of several candidate semiconductors and evaluate their optical limiting behavior in comparison to polydisperse C suspensions. These will provide highly reproducible filters with a low damage threshold due to their small size and also due to charge trapping effects. Phase Ia and II will entail additions of donor/acceptor nanoparticle surface complexing moieties to enhance the charge separation mechanism, and the development of solid matrices for creating stable dispersions and high optical quality filter elements. The new filters have government markets for eye protection of military personnel and for sensor protection in terrestrial and satellites imaging systems. Commercial markets include laser safety eyewear and as protection for cameras and optical instruments. |
| AMERICAN SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
888 West Big Beaver Road, Suite #420 Troy, MI 48084 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(248) 362-4100
Mr. Joseph Huang ARMY 01-226 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Micromachine Robot for Automotive Diagnostics, Visualization & Sensing |
| Abstract: | Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) may play a significant role in adapting new sensors for use in currently deployed vehicle fleets. We anticipate that miniaturized fluid pumps and metering devices that are integrated into "lab-on-a-chip" systems will allow unprecendented on-board diagnostic capabilities for critical vehicle fluids, such as powertrain lubricants and hydraulic fluids. Through SBIR activitiy, ASTI proposes to design and prototype a "micromachine robot" called the On-Board Fluid Quality Laboratory with a supporting system of on-board and off-board user-interfaces, communication busses, data acquisition and analysis, and logistics planning tools. The significance of an On-Board Fluid Quality Laboratory and its supporting systems is three-fold: (1) The innovation will nearly eliminate the per-vehicle labor time now required to manually sample vehicle fluids and package them to delivery to analysis laboratories. Assume 1 hour of labor per vehicle per sample; at four samples per year with a pool of 10,000 vehicles. Based on these assumptions, this represents a potential savings of 20,000 labor hours per year. Further assumptions based upon an average labor rate of $50.00 per hour can be used to derive a cost savings of $1,000,000. (2) The innovation will also dramatically reduce laboratory analysis expenses. Assuming the fleet size and sampling noted above and an added expense of $25.00 per sample in laboratory analysis expense, and additional $1,000,000 in savings could be realized. (3) The innovation will substantially increase the speed of fluid quality analysis (from days or weeks to minutes) and frequency of analysis (from a few times per year to every cold start), which will improve vehicle fleet readiness and reduce costs from equipment failure and fluid usage caused by operating vehicles with unsafe fluids between laboratory tests. |
| THERMOANALYTICS, INC.
23440 Airpark Blvd, P.O. Box 66 Calumet, MI 49913 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(906) 482-9568
Dr. David M. Less ARMY 01-227 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Exhaust Impingement Effects Predictive Capability for Future Combat Systems (FCS) and the 21st Century Truck |
| Abstract: | The survivability of Army vehicles depends upon proper thermal management. The control of exhaust gases is critical to thermal management, particularly for lightweight vehicles, such as Future Combat Systems (FCS), whose survivability relies on signature control. If not managed skillfully, exhaust gases can be a large signature cue - leading to the detection and targeting of assets. Equally disastrous to vehicle survivability is the impingement of exhaust on vehicle parts and on surrounding terrain. Materials exposed to exhaust gas impingement will heat up, thus becoming signature cues. Exhaust impingement is a safety hazard for military/commercial applications, affecting both crew well-being and vehicle integrity. Another safety concern is the danger resulting from an exhaust system leak. A predictive tool, suited for design and rapid prototyping applications, is needed to address these concerns. Currently, no such tool exists. ThermoAnalytics proposes to build upon the RadTherm thermal analysis code, currently in use at Ford, GM, and DaimlerChrysler, and part of the Army's Multi Services Electro-optics Signature (MuSES) suite, to create an exhaust impingement prediction tool. The tool would both yield feedback during vehicle design as well as produce realistic, detailed synthetic natural environments (SNE) for detection and sensor simulation of prototype vehicle designs. 1. Signature management - Exhaust impingement on vehicle parts and terrain can be a significant cue for threat sensors. Predicting the performance of exhaust systems during the design process can dramatically reduce the signature and detection of Army systems.2. Thermal management - Impingement of the exhaust on vehicle parts can greatly increase the thermal load and stress that a vehicle will be subjected to. Crew health and alertness may also be impacted. Addressing the impingement issue is best done during the design process.3. Safety - Exhaust system leaks can lead to catastrophic failure of the vehicle. This design tool would allow safety engineers to analyze the effect of exhaust leaks.4. Impingement mitigation - The exhaust from vehicles - both ground and air - as well as from APUs can be directed downward. Impingement of hot exhaust gases can destroy concrete and melt asphalt. With this tool, these impingement effects can be anticipated and prepared for.5. Sensor and detector simulation - This tool allows the generation of realistic imagery of the vehicle embedded and interacting with the environment. Such imagery is vital for detection, targeting, and survivability assessment of Army designs. |
| NEWAZ TECHNOLOGIES
3725 Tremont Lane Ann Arbor, MI 48105 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 669-0503
Dr. Golam Newaz ARMY 01-228 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Inducing Retained Compressive Stresses for the Design of Lightweight Tough Composite Material Structures |
| Abstract: | The SMA reinforced aluminum composites show self-strengthening by compressive stresses in Al matrix due to shape memory shrinkages of the embedded TiNi fibers (Furuya, 1996). The increases in tensile properties such as yield stress as well as fatigue resistance (crack growth retardation) at higher temperature were experimentally confirmed by Furuya (1996). Based on the new requirements for Future Combat Systems (FCS), there is a great need to develop MMCs with (1) minimal machining and joining requirements (near net-shape capability), (2) complex shape manufacturability, (3) improved fracture toughness (KIC) and impact toughness (Charpy)over 75% that of hardened 4340 steel, and (4) a density that is 25% lighter than steel. In Phase I of this SBIR program, our team will investigate the feasibility of using SMAs to make Al MMC with SiC particulates and/or whiskers to develop tough and durable MMCs with a manufacturing process that is capable of making complex structural parts for application in FCS. SMA based aluminum MMC offer self-induced compressive residual stresses which will increase the durability and damage telerance of MMC for application in demanding Army vehicle applications such as in Future Combat Systems (FCS). Processing routes proposed can be used to develop materials in various forms allowing maximum flexibility and increasing the possibility of applications of SMA based MMCs in various structural parts. The process technology can be applied to produce tough composite parts in commercial automotive applications as well. |
| JONATHAN AEROSPACE MATERIALS CORP.
JAMCORP, 17 Jonspin Rd. Wilmington, MA 01887 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 988-0050
Mr. Jonathan Priluck ARMY 01-229 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Lattice Block Material Components and Structures in Future Army Vehicles |
| Abstract: | JAMCORP produces structural and component parts using Lattice Block Material (LBM) for use in the aerospace, shipbuilding, and precision measurement industries. Current production volumes range from 10 to 300 parts per year using off the shelf sand casting techniques and JAMCORP's patented coring system. For this solicitation JAMCORP proposes to: 1) Use current production processes and migrate them to the automotive industry by producing a prototype A-Arm, B-Pillar, and an optional LBM part in a configuration similar to that currently used by automotive manufacturers. 2) Provide prototype parts to the US Army and an auto manufacturer designated by the Program Manager for evaluation for suitability in the Future Army Ground Vehicle program. 3) Perform preliminary work to increase production capacity to several hundred parts per month in Phase 2. JAMCORP will accomplish this by re-engineering current processes to focus on the tooling level vice the product level for dual use items. 4) Conclusively demonstrate that all the production tooling costs can be absorbed in the application development stage In order to reduce total life cycle costs at a base material level, JAMCORP has developed Lattice Block Material (LBM). LBM is a new structural material system that uses the properties of a space frame to achieve strength, stiffness and low mass. LBM reduces a systems total life cycle costs due to several factors. Some of these factors come from reduced mass and some come from the use of innovative manufacturing methods. These factors are: 1) All the production tooling costs are absorbed in the application development stage 2) Less base material is needed for a given part and because less base material is used and discarded in the fabrication process used to produce that part. 3) A high percentage of system production cost is due to direct touch labor engaged in shaping and removing metal from bar stock and flat sheet. The LBM fabrication technique is sand casting, one of the most least labor intensive fabrication methods available. 4) Current techniques rely on shop floor assemblers to attach numerous pieces together other using various fastening methods and hardware. LBM reduces these assembly costs by casting structural pieces as one component with an integrally cast skin over the lattice substrate. Since the space frame is composed of a one piece casting instead of mechanically fastened struts, much less assembly time is required to complete the structural part of the system. 5) The operating cost portion of LCC is reduced with LBM because there is less structural mass in the system and therefore less energy (and fuel) expended for transportation over the course of the system's life cycle. 6) Operating costs are also reduced by selecting materials that are inherently maintenance free such as Iconel or stainless steel. |
| MKP STRUCTURAL DESIGN ASSOC., INC.
4992 S. Ridgeside Circle Ann Arbor, MI 48105 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 668-7919
Dr. Zheng-Dong Ma ARMY 01-229 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Optimal Design of Lightweight Metal Structures for Future Fuel-Efficient Army Ground Vehicles |
| Abstract: | The objective of the proposed research is to develop an advanced methodology for designing and manufacturing lightweight metal structures for future fuel-efficient Army ground vehicles. Emerging engineered materials will be considered as key applications of the approach to be developed. These new materials include lattice block materials (LBM), sandwich structures with metallic foams, and functionally gradient materials (FGM). The proposed new methodology, referred to as function-oriented material design (FOMD), is based on the topology optimization method developed at the University of Michigan since 1988 and known throughout the world as the homogenization design method. The proposed methodology is believed to be essential to the development of future Army ground vehicles for the following two reasons: First, it will be critical to the material selection process, allowing one to determine which new materials have greatest potential in terms of lightweight and high performance; Second, it will provide an effective tool for the design, in an optimal way, of new materials such as the engineered materials mentioned above. With the design tool developed in this program, new materials will be optimally designed to meet directly the requirements for advanced structural performance. Hence optimal design will then be achieved in terms of both structural performance and material standards. The methodology developed in this program will lead to significant weight reductions, with a goal of 40 to 50%, for Army future combat systems. It will also enhance the structures performance, including vibration characteristics, crash energy absorption capabilities, and high-speed impact resistance. This program will also result in fuel-efficient and high performance ground vehicles for the commercial sector. Dual use technique developed in this program will further increase the opportunity for affordable implementation of this technique, thus enabling the Army to meet the goals for future fuel-efficient and high performance ground vehicles. |
| DAVIS TECHNOLOGIES INTL., INC.
4501 Ratliff Lane Addison, TX 75001 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(972) 732-7020
Mr. Leo Davis ARMY 01-230 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Compressible Fluid Variable Suspension for Simplified Maintenance of Band Track Vehicles |
| Abstract: | Recent tests of experimental band tracks applied to the M-113 and Bradley M2A2 indicate significant gains in weight reduction, mobility and cost effectiveness. However, these gains in efficiency are temporarily overshadowed by the logistical concerns over difficult track maintenance as indicated by this solicitation. What is needed to solve the problem is a suspension system that can be collectively and individually controlled to facilitate service and/or replacement of band tracks, road wheels and other wear components. DTI previously designed a compressible fluid track suspension for the PSD, the progenitor to the AAAV. This system featured individual/collective strut control, full strut and track retraction that provided high mobility on land and water. This Phase One effort will demonstrate through design that further simplification of the DTI system elements and integration of DTI's latest technological improvements such as dynamic track tensioning and utilization of advanced vehicle height and attitude control system will yield a lighter, more durable, higher performance alternative to other variable systems. It is further anticipated this design will demonstrate the significant potential to reduce the maintenance/logistics footprint and introduce a unique method of servicing track systems to compliment the band track when compared to more complex variable systems. The anticipated benefits of this technology, is a simplified system that would reduce the maintenance and personnel hours needed to change vehicle track and accomplish it more safely. It will not only eliminate the need to manually elevate the vehicle, but also would not require other equipment which may not available in a combat situration. Personnel necessary to change track would be reduced from 2-3 to 1-2 and it could be done in a fraction of the time. This system could be utilized in a variety of military and commercial tracked vehicles. . |
| MAGNOLIA OPTICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
6D,Gill Street Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 376-1505
Mr. Robert A. Bell ARMY 01-231 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Low Power Highly Integrated Packaging Schemes for High-Speed Transceiver Modules |
| Abstract: | Magnolia will develop an ultra high-speed, two-dimensional parallel optical modules with 10 x 10 up to 32 x 32 matrix arrays to transmit and receive information over distances up to one kilometer for multimode and single mode fiber. The design of these will be based on an improved understanding of the dynamic spatial modal content of the VCSELs and emphasis will be placed on low-cost, misalignment tolerant solutions. In addition, arrays of ultra low power driver and receivers with speeds in excess of 10 Gigabit per second per channel will be designed, simulated, and fabricated. Innovative methods of conserving power will be explored. The modules will incorporate backend electronics using new circuit topologies to perform testing prior to heterogeneous integration of the active component onto the driver or receiver substrate. Innovative low noise, high frequency packaging schemes will be developed for integration into a module. Magnolia Optical Technologies, Inc. is using emerging advanced optoelectronic devices, packaging, and systems integration expertise is developing modules on the cutting edge of ultra wide bandwidth secure communications technology. These technologies will enable transceiver modules that transmit and receive information at speeds equal to or greater than one terabit per second. These ultra high-speed transceivers are required to meet the rigorous demands of tomorrow's real time information needs in cockpits, tactical command posts, and national command centers. These transceivers will play a central role in information processing requirements in DoD command-control systems for ultra high speed optical signal, data, and image processing. They will support information transfer requirements of applications that gather data from a variety of sensors including space assets for intelligence gathering sources and the need to transfer this information at ultra high speeds to the defense systems for real-time processing and defensive response. We will utilize the emerging photonic and electronic technology to develop improved terabit and higher transmitter and transceiver modules utilizing unique electro-optical packaging techniques for high density fiber bundles for ultra wide bandwidth parallel optical transceiver modules. These technologies will also find use in a variety of commercial applications by enabling increased speed, higher throughput, and low power requirements of public networks. |
| VISTA CONTROLS CORP.
27825 Fremont Court Santa Clarita, CA 91355 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(661) 257-4430
Mr. Gorky Chin ARMY 01-231 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High-Speed Data Communications (Integrated Solutions) |
| Abstract: | For the past 20+ years today's Military air platform inventory have utilized Mil-Std1553 for data communications on all mission critical electronic systems. The maximum data transmission speed for these 1553 systems is 1 Megabit per Second (Mbps) on a wiring infrastructure comprised of Mil-Std C-17 Twinax (Shielded Twisted Pair) copper cabling with transformer coupling at each node. Although the standard is in current use, the data speeds have limited it to mission critical systems use exclusively. Ever since the inception of Mil-Std 1553 in the 1970s, these existing platforms have undergone sub-system upgrades and or sub-system expansion in an effort to extend lethality and performance. The addition of legacy and new sub-systems through the years has pushed bus loading to 90+%, which is beyond the safe loading limit of 50% to 60%. Operating in this unsafe zone has resulted in mission critical failures and has also halted further upgrades. Potential high speed data bus candidates for future upgrades of existing platforms require the same robustness and determinism as Mil-Std 1553 while achieving substantially higher data rates (100Mbps and above). In addition to increasing data rates, other important factors are maintaining current cable plants and their couplers, supporting existing protocols to reduce software impacts and incorporating digital voice and video on the same networks thus reducing costs, footprint, power and noise of analog voice and video The opportunity is to further develop a technology that is more commensurate with the performance seen in today's mainstream commercial applications, while developed from a military supplier base that still values military business and will maintain lifecycles for benefit of its customers that are more in line with the lifecyles of the platforms in which they will be deployed. As an added bonus, military platforms will get a lifecycle extension on the widely deployed Mil-Std-1553 bus infrastructure currently in place and platforms will get a 100 fold increase in bus bandwidth with the same absolute determinism and safety as today's Mil-Std-1553 technology. Sapphire Systems Inc. (SSI) is the Sister Company to MDI and exclusively markets the shared technology to all commercial sectors. SSI will deploy the first 100Mbps chipset for use in Home Phone Networking and is working in conjunction with a major data communications company for deployment. This chipset operates on house telephone wires and uses an Ethernet protocol. MDI uses the core technology with modifications to support all SAE requirements and more. |
| SURFACE OPTICS CORP.
11555 Rancho Bernardo Road San Diego, CA 92127 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 675-7404
Dr. James C. Jafolla ARMY 01-232 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Simplified Radar Configuration Evaluation Tool |
| Abstract: | The development of future combat systems will have signature control as one of the requirements that needs to be considered. The designer needs to trade vehicle shape and material treatments to minimize the total RCS of the vehicle. The current government standard model for performing this task, Xpatch, requires a complicated process to transfer the geometry and set up the run, and takes many hours to days to perform the calculation. This limits its usefulness as an aid to the design process. The RadBase code, developed by Surface Optics Corporation, uses a different analytical approach and performs the same calculation in a fraction of the time on a PC Based platform. This proposal is to integrate the RadBase code with a commercial CAD tool (ProE) to provide a fast and efficient RCS calculator to the design engineer. In Phase I a partial integration is planned with RadBase run outside the ProE environment, which in Phase II will be implemented as a ProE plug-in. In addition, SOC will integrate a database of material optical properties (dielectric permittivity and permeability) into the CAD data structure, and as an optional task design a laboratory/field instrument, which will be produced in Phase II. The benefits of this effort would be a significantly enhanced capability for the design of vehicles with low RCS requirements. The development of a portable instrument for measuring material RF optical properties will provide greater accuracy in the analysis and the capability to assess the vehicles RCS performance in the field after damage/repair incidents. |
| COMPOSITES RESEARCH & ADVANCED MATERIALS
4712 St. Andrews Drive College Station, TX 77845 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(979) 690-7153
Dr. J. N. Reddy ARMY 01-233 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Damage Models and Computational Tools for Health Monitoring of Smart Composite Structures |
| Abstract: | Formulation of physically based damage models and computational approaches, and the development of a finite element computer program for the analysis of thin and thick laminated composite structures with embedded senors/actuators are proposed. In particular, the present research is aimed at carrying out the following tasks: (1) development of theoretical models to assess damage and predict failures based on multi-scale, global-local analyses; (2) development of theoretical models for reduction of structural stiffness due to damage and failure based on the mode of failure; (3) development of global-local computational procedures for micro-scale and macro-scale damage models and their interactions; (4) incremental finite element procedures based on variable kinematic models that include both single-layer shear deformation plate theories as well a layer-wise theory for the determination damage and its evolution in laminated composite structures, and (5) development of a computer program based on the concepts and procedures developed herein and validation through a number of examples to determine parametric effects of geometry, material properties, lamination schemes, loading, and number and location of sensors and actuators. The theories and computational tools developed herein can be used to determine 3D stress fields and study damage growth and failures in composite structures. The results of this research will contribute to a fundamental understanding of the non-linear behavior and damage progression in thick composite and sandwich structures with embedded sensors and actuators. The results will also have a significant impact on the design of composite structures used in lightweight composite, sandwich army and marine structures. It is believed that the computational technology developed herein may be utilized by researchers and engineers in DoD laboratories, as well as commercial agencies (especially with the Phase III effort), in the analysis and design of reliable composite structures. |
| OPTOMEC DESIGN CO.
3911 Singer NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 761-8250
Mr. David Keicher ARMY 01-235 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Benchmark Part for Form, Fit and Functional Testing for the Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) Process |
| Abstract: | During this Phase I effort Optomec will demonstrate that the Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) process provides a viable means for both repair and fabrication of functional prototype components for the MPH needs. This work will serve to establish a benchmark part that can be used for calibration and set up of the LENS equipment, as well as other commercially available RP equipment. The goal of the benchmark part is to provide a standard test geometry that considers all of the critical aspects facing the RP industry and also a means to measure continued process improvements expected to occur in the Phase II effort. A unique aspect of the benchmark part to be defined during this project is that it will provide a means to means to measure fit, form and function for newly emerging RP methods such as the LENS process where functionality is now provided. The work proposed in this project will rely on input from an array of RP users such that a standardized benchmark can be developed that provides a standard that is readily accepted in the RP industry. The anticiapted benefits to be derived through this SBIR work include: demonstration that functionality can be achieved in rapid protoypes, demonstrate that the LENS process provides a viable means for repair and fabrication of metal perts, provide a standardized benchmark part for testing form, fit and function that serves as a standard for the RP industry. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-7892
Dr. Alfred Goldsmith ARMY 01-236 Selected for Award |
| Title: | M1 Abrams/Crusader Engine Dust Detector |
| Abstract: | Experience in the Gulf War demonstrated the threat to military vehicles and aircraft from blowing dust and sand. Heavy particulate contamination has proven to be a significant problem not just in terms of increased maintenance requirements, but also in the potential for major engine damage. Operations in such environments require a robust inline particle sensor capable of real-time monitoring of contamination that could potentially harm the vehicle's engine. To support the new M1 Abrams/Crusader project, POC proposes to develop a new Size and Number Dust (SAND) Detector that utilizes the scattering of pulsed ultrasonic waves by particles with sizes comparable to the acoustic wavelength. Using acoustical waves instead of optical waves eliminates the light blockage problems and optical damage due to particle impacts while maintaining the selectivity of an optical system. The SAND Detector utilizes a transducer frequency in the regime where scattering is a function of the ratio of particle size to wavelength. In this regime, there is a clear correlation between the strength of the scattering signal, the concentration of scattering particles, and the particulate size. In Phase I, POC will complete the SAND Detector feasibility prototype leading to Phase II development of the field deployable prototype. The SAND Detector design that will be applicable to the M1 Abrams/Crusader Common Engine Program can be directly applicable to the growing off-road vehicle market and construction and farm vehicles. With large-scale production, costs could easily be reduced to a few hundred dollars per vehicle, and, compared to the cost of a new engine, the price of the SAND Detector system would be a bargain. The optimized and miniaturized version of the SAND Detector system can also be attached to off-road motorcycles, which are often used on dirt roads and in the desert. The other potential application for SAND Detector technology would be in industrial pollution monitoring. Being based on acousto-optics, the SAND Detector is not impacted by dust contamination in contrast to optical systems, which can be easily contaminated, scratched or damaged by dust. |
| SURFACE OPTICS CORP.
11555 Rancho Bernardo Road San Diego, CA 92127 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 675-7404
Mr. Mark S. Dombrowski ARMY 01-237 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Macro Scale Portable Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) Instrumentation |
| Abstract: | The Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) is a far more accurate description of the way real surfaces reflect light than is the Hemispherical Directional Reflectance (HDR), which is a global average. Use of the BRDF to describe the reflectance of objects therefore results in a very significant increase in realism when used for rendered objects. Traditionally, however, instruments that measure the BRDF use small aperature illumination, usually much less than one inch. These instruments therefore measure only the small scale BRDF characteristics of surfaces. Many natural and man-made objects, however (such as tree bark, rocks, and 3-D surface treatments), have surface features larger than can be handled using small spot size illumination. The military, therefore, has a need for a field portable instrument with a much larger illumination size than is currently available. The objective of this project is to develop a bi-directional reflectometer capable of measuring these large scale vehicle and background terrain reflectances for use in combat vehicle signature analysis. Such an instrument would have great value not only for the Army in characterizing the signature of military vehicles and natural backgrounds but also for any commerical application requiring realistic renderings of objects or surfaces with large surface features. The objective of Phase I is to develop a methodology and hardware concept for a field portable instrument capable of measuring the BRDF of large scale surface structures with at least a 6-inch measurement spot size. Methods for providing variable spot size measurements will also be examined. These design concepts will be traded off in terms of performance and complexity. This phase will include selection of possible object illumination concepts for the device and reflectance sensor components. Overall technical feasibility of the BRDF sensor design concept will be determined. The need for the instrument to operate in the thermal IR region is implied in the solicitation so optical elements that cannot operate over that full spectrum will be avoided to the extent possible. Based on a preliminary analysis, it appears that an instrument based on the optical concept that the Surface Optics hand-held SOC 600 (HHDR) is based on could be developed that would provide the performance required. The requirements are not trivial however, and significantly exceed what is available now. The feasibility of the concept proposed, whether based on the SOC 600 or not, will be established in Phase I of this program. In Phase II an engineering prototype will be developed which demonstrates the capabilities of the Phase I concept. Validation of the performance of the prototype will be done using surfaces which have well characterized BRDF values. After initial validation, the prototype will be validated against well characterized small scale structures. Field tests against more complex natural and man-made objects will be made in order to demonstrate the field utility of the prototype. An important factor in this demonstration will be the time required to measure anisotropic surfaces in a field environment. In Phase III the commercial applications and utilization of a large illumination area instrument will be investigated. In the area of optical properties, Surface Optics has provided a seamless transfer from our automated measurement devices to the database for generation of signatures of military ground vehicles, missiles and spacecraft. Often these signature codes have been used to advantage in detailing an encounter through a series of images of the target vehicles in background. Because BRDF information about vehicles and backgrounds enhances the realism and accuracy of such simulations there is a considerable benefit to the military if better representation of large scale BRDF of complex anisotropic surfaces can be measured, which is the purpose of this program. In the commercial world of animation there is also a desire for more and better realism. To the extent that computer generated images of complex surfaces such as bark or other building materials with large scale features are used in animation, possessing the large scale BRDF of these materials will be of great value. An instrument of the type being developed under this program should therefore have significant value in that world. |
| LYNNTECH, INC.
7610 Eastmark Drive College Station, TX 77840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(979) 693-0017
Dr. Don B. Elrod ARMY 01-238 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Dual-Stage Filtration System for the Removal of Nuclear and Chemical Agents from Water |
| Abstract: | Water may be the most important necessity for survival on the battlefield. Therefore, the military must be capable of treating any water source in the world. These sources include fresh and brackish water, seawater, and water contaminated with nuclear, biological, and chemical warfare agents. The current technology used for water purification in the military is reverse osmosis (RO). The RO membranes, however, are not able to produce water that meets the current respective military drinking water standards for each chemical agent. Therefore, the Army has added a polishing step to reduce the amount of each contaminant below the maximum permissible level. The Army is, however, interested in alternative polishing treatments that have advantages over the current technology. The aim of this Phase I proposal is to construct and test an alternative water polishing unit in the form of a dual-stage water purification system that will produce water to meet the current military drinking water standards for removal of various contaminants. The Phase I Option will position the technology closer to the building and testing of a prototype device. Work could then begin on a scaled-up version of the water purification system at the start of the Phase II research. The water filtration technology will have a large capacity to remove nuclear, chemical, and biological agents from water. It will be made to be compact, light, and energy efficient. A portion of the system can even be regenerated after it has reached its maximum capacity for the inactivation of chemical and biological contaminants. The technology could also be adapted for industrial as well as consumer use. |
| ENGINEERED MACHINED PRODUCTS, INC.
3111 N. 28th Street, P.O. Box 1246 Escanaba, MI 49829 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(906) 789-7497
Mr. David Allen ARMY 01-239 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Thermal Management for the 21st Century |
| Abstract: | Today's coolant system consists mainly of mechanically driven pumps, fans, thermostats, and a copper fined radiator with ethylene glycol coolant. These technologies have remained virtually unchanged for over 75 years, yet a considerable amount of the horsepower goes into this antiquated and inefficient thermal system. Controlling components such as thermostats, water pumps and fans, has demonstrated efficiency and emission improvements. Also, advances in coolant and heat exchanger technology can allow for improved heat transfer. However, these technologies have yet to be integrated together and made commercially available. Properly implemented, fuel savings improvements can be achieved. Along with this could be improvements in packaging and flexibility, which could decrease inventories, improve serviceability and allow for task specific control. Various technologies will be evaluated for use in this system including Engineered Machined Product's advanced controlled pumps and valves, along with the latest in heat exchangers, fans and coolant. The goal of this project is to define, develop and demonstrate such an advanced thermal management system for use on both military and commercial vehicles, offering a unique approach to thermal management. Properly implemented, this advanced thermal management system will offer fuel savings of up to 10%. Along with this could be improvements in packaging and flexibility, which could decrease inventories, improve serviceability and allow for task specific control. The goal of this project is to define, develop and demonstrate an advanced thermal management system for use on both military and commercial vehicles. This system will be modular, scalable and adaptable so that it could be used on many vehicles including military vehicles such as the M113, LAVIII, FMTV, heavy truck along with on and off-highway commercial vehicles. |
| EUREKA AEROSPACE, LLC
400 Continental Blvd, 6th Floo El Segundo, CA 90245 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 426-2160
Dr. James Z. Tatoian NAVY 01-108 Awarded: 19NOV00 |
| Title: | Through the Wall Sensor |
| Abstract: | This innovative approach uses a non-conventional imaging radar system, an Impulse SAR (ImpSAR). When placed in a moving platform, such as a truck or airborne platform, at 100 meters or more from a wall, it can detect and localize (1) people and materiel on the "other" side of the wall and (2) underground structures, including caves, tunnels and bunkers. The ImpSAR operates in a transient mode where extremely short (picoseconds) pulses yield ultra wide bandwidth (many Gigahertz), having frequencies capable of penetration through the wall and the ground. Moreover, ultra-wide bandwidth implies extremely high (few centimeters) resolution that is necessary for localization and identification of targets on the other side of the wall. Limited experiments using a stationary brassboard impulse radar system, concrete "test wall" with multiple rebar layers and canonical targets will be carried out. The proposed ImpSAR system has great potential for miniaturization and adaptability to variety of host moving platforms. Commercial applications include law enforcement, fire and rescue and military. Potential benefits include localization of suspects inside the building by law enforcement officers, localization of people trapped inside the building by fire and rescue operations. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
7519 Standish Place, Suite 200 Rockville, MD 20855 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 222-0444
Dr. Leonard Haynes NAVY 01-108 Awarded: 09NOV01 |
| Title: | Ultra-Wideband Through the Wall Imaging Sensor |
| Abstract: | The focus of the work herein proposed will be to exploit what is often called Impulse Radar to implement a through the wall imaging capability. This proposal identifies approaches to significantly improve the performance of current system for through the wall imaging. The key goal is to improve the resolution of the resulting images so that the image will be able to show if a moving person is carrying a weapon, and if so to allow the class of weapon to be identified. This proposal is very specific as to how this will be achieved. Other improvements over the-state-of-the-art will also be made in range and standoff distance. The basic technology is based on the availability of very low cost ultra-high precision delays. Using these delay circuits, Impulse Radar systems, which have no carrier frequency, can be built. The only signals transmitted are single impulses, which have very wide bandwidth and can be generated by a single transistor which is either on or off. The advantages of this paradigm include robustness to multipath, low probability of detection, low power, trivial implementation of true time delay for electronically steerable phased arrays and enhanced SAR imaging capability. Our partner company, Time Domain Corporation (TDC) has invested $100 million in private funds to commercialize this technology. A set of custom ASICS have reduced the electronics down to three chips. Our work will be synergistic with TDC's commercial development, using the ASIC chips as the implementation kernel, and developing the theory and practice to improve on the current through the wall imaging hardware. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Information Technologies Div., 20600 Gramercy Plac Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Keehoon Kim NAVY 01-108 Awarded: 05NOV01 |
| Title: | Active/Passive Pulsed Infrasonic Through-Wall Sensor System |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new clandestine Active/Passive Pulsed Infrasonic Through-the-Wall Sensor (APITS) system, consisting of an infrasonic sensor suite plus 2-D image reconstruction, to meet the Marine Corps need for situation awareness and tactical information acquisition through a wall from a remote location. The APITS will have the unique advantages of infrasonic image profiling, passive human detection, and 2-D image display. These advantages arise from specific innovations: actively pulsed modulation, passive human target detection, and neural network image reconstruction. In Phase I, POC will optimize the system configuration and methodology and design software algorithms and hardware specifications for APITS. Using the developed technology, POC will demonstrate the Active/Passive Infrasonic Through-the-wall Sensor and automatic image reconstruction. APITS technology will have widespread applications in both the government and commercial sectors. It will be a valuable tool for locating people and materials in a variety of situations. Potential users of this technology include the military, fire departments, rescue teams, law enforcement agencies, and commercial security firms. |
| SENSIS CORP.
5793 Widewaters Parkway DeWitt, NY 13214 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 445-5064
Mr. Dan Colasanti NAVY 01-108 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Through the Wall Sensor |
| Abstract: | Many military and civilian groups need a capability to sense/determine the location, armament, and other status information on personnel and equipment/materiel through a structure from a remote safe location. It is desireable that the remote sensors work at ranges greater than 100 feet and through as many construction materials as possible including caves, tunnels, and /or underground bunkers. Sensis proposes in Phase I to conduct a very thorough trade study of technologies capable of clandestine operation for seeing through ground, walls, foliage, debris and/or structure surfaces from the outside surface in real-time to locate persons/items and to track their movements. The study shall determine insofar as possible the scientific, technical, and commercial merit and feasibility of a system or "system of systems" to meet the needs of the potential military and civilian markets. Some of the technologies that will be considered in this study include Ultra Wideband (UWB), Milli-meter Wave (mmW), Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), Infrared (IR), X-Ray, Laser, and Magnetics. Sensis will determine the best-valued alternative for satisfying the technical requirements considering cost, schedule, technical performance, and risk. Sensis will also develop and demonstrate the performance of brassboard models of the critical components of the selected candidate. Defense related applications may include: 1) detecting the presence, occupancy, and actions/activities/status of enemy personnel /captured soldiers in underground tunnels, buildings, or caves; 2) characterization of anti-personnel landmines and Unexploded Ordnance (UXO), etc. Commercial applications may include: 1) locating people trapped in rubble or buried in avalanches, 2) detecting buried or hidden objects (not human) prior to drilling, 3) locating stow-a-ways in packing crates, 4) detecting the presence of underground facilities used for drug trafficking, etc. |
| STARMARK, INC.
P. O. Box 270710 San Diego, CA 92198 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 676-0055
Dr. Franklin S. Felber NAVY 01-108 Awarded: 05NOV01 |
| Title: | High-Power Stealthy Acoustic Through-the-Wall Sensor |
| Abstract: | We have demonstrated a capability with ultrasound to detect and locate even stationary persons through certain interior walls at ranges up to about 8'. The Phase I program objective is to develop and demonstrate a proprietary high-power upgrade to this capability. Starmark's novel system concept should increase the power of the recently developed through-the-wall sensor by up to a factor of 100,000 in the Phase I breadboard and 900,000 in the Phase II prototype. The upgrade will make possible surveillance of persons through many more types of exterior building walls, including metallic walls, and over much greater ranges. In Phase I, we will design, build, test, and demonstrate a high-power, high-frequency monotone transmitter optimized for a through-the-wall sensor. In the Phase I Option, we will test and demonstrate the transmitter operating through a variety of realistic external walls, and we will produce a conceptual design of a Phase II system. In Phase II, we will integrate an array of the new high-power transmitters with the by-then completed acoustic through-the-wall sensor from the ongoing Air Force/NIJ program, and demonstrate the performance of prototypes in stealthily detecting multiple persons through exterior walls and displaying their locations. This proprietary development will extend by orders of magnitude in power the capabilities of the recently developed acoustic sensor to locate stationary and moving persons through walls. The low cost of the through-the-wall sensor, projected under $1000, will allow these greatly enhanced capabilities to benefit a wide range of law enforcement and fire and rescue organizations, as well as military personnel in operations in urban terrain. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
655 Aspen Ridge Drive Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Dr. Iain T. McKinnie NAVY 01-109 Awarded: 05NOV01 |
| Title: | High-energy, multi-spectral laser for surf-zone mine countermeasures |
| Abstract: | CTI proposes a high efficiency, extremely compact, multi-band laser source suitable for use in a beach and surf-zone imaging system. The transmitter will utilize low-risk laser components in a novel device geometry that permits the development of very high wall plug efficiency transmitters with minimal cooling requirements. Additionally, the multi-band imager can be configured for polarization discrimination allowing more detector degrees of freedom. This feature enables the development of a multi-discriminant sensor for improved mine countermeasures. The proposed device is based on demonstrated CTI achievements in the area of solid-state lasers resulting in a low-risk Phase I/II program with a clear path to future production of minimal cost, turn-key, military hardware. At the end of Phase II a useful, multi-band device will be delivered to the Navy. This work will also fund development of an enabling technology that can impact a variety of fields including remote sensing, science and medicine. High electrical efficiency, visible and short-wave infrared, pulsed laser sources are needed for a variety of applications including: detection and imaging, altimetry and ranging, terrain mapping, designation, search and rescue beacons, surgery, photodynamic therapy and cosmetic skin repair. |
| XYBION CORP.
8380 Miralani Drive San Diego, CA 92126 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 566-7850
Dr. James Pierre Hauck, PhD NAVY 01-109 Awarded: 26OCT01 |
| Title: | Diode Pumped Ti:Sapphire Hybrid Laser |
| Abstract: | This project will be devoted to the development of an illuminator technology suitable for use in underwater and on-shore imaging applications. This illuminator will be capable of generating at least 5 different wavelengths across the Short-wave IR, Near IR, Visible and Near UV Spectrum. Wavelengths of particular interest include a pair, one on each side of the NIR rise in the 600 to 950 nm range, a pair in the Short-wave IR between 1000 and 1340 nm, and another pair in the visible that is transmitted through coastal seawater between 400 and 600 nm. We have identified the technologies to generate these wavelengths, and will provide a conceptual design of a system that produces adequate energy and power for coastal imaging missions. The major advantage of this approach is to be able to illuminate both on-shore and underwater objects from aerial platforms. A secondary advantage is that the illuminator will provide superior capability when used with a suitable camera to identify mines, and other obstacles in the coastal environment. A tertiary advantage is that the beam could be zoomable, allowing adaptation of the illumination to allow deeper water penetration, and more clear imagery, leading to a higher probability of detection, and a lower incidence of false alarms. Thus applications such as search and rescue, airborne reconnaissance, imaging for surveillance and security, (coastal through fog), and many others would be feasible. |
| FRACTAL ANTENNA SYSTEMS
300 Commercial St, Suite 27 Malden, MA 02148 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 381-9595
Dr. Robert Hohlfeld NAVY 01-110 Awarded: 16NOV01 |
| Title: | Non-Intrusive, Window Mounted, Conformal Antennas |
| Abstract: | We propose to undertake a design study on conformal antennas for USMC Radio Battalions. The Phase I study will identify and optimize wideband fractal element antennas (FEA) for this application through computer (NEC and FEM-based) modeling, guided by our firm's genetic optimization using efficient and proprietary hardware and software. The resultant optimized fractal elements fall within the firm's existing patents and pending patents, thus combining a successful design solution with the rights to implementation. Both the approach and technology access are unique to our firm in this task. In addition to providing a design solution, the firm will also undertake proof of concept fabrication of wideband fractal element candidates on transparent substrates in preparation for Phase II prototype fabrication and testing. Wideband conformal antennas from fractal designs provide unique opportunities for application in vehicular, aviation, amateur radio, consumer electronic markets. Convergence towards multiple frequency use in wireless and telecom also requires a 'one size fits all' antenna approach easily met by the technology. |
| WAVEBAND CORP.
375 Van Ness Ave, Suite 1105 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 212-7808
Dr. Vladimir Litvinov NAVY 01-110 Awarded: 15NOV01 |
| Title: | Transparent Conformal Antenna |
| Abstract: | WaveBand Corporation (WaveBand) proposes to develop an entirely new type of antenna: optically transparent fractal antenna that will be operating in the 0.5 GHz to 2 GHz frequency band, transparent to light, therefore ideal for window mounting, easy to manufacture, therefore low in cost. The key to the proposed design is that the fractal shapes will be formed by use of a transparent (non-metal) conductive coating deposited onto a dielectric substrate, which can be either flexible or rigid. Since fractal antennas have high-gain and multiple-band capabilities, and also can be made much smaller than the conventional antennas, the proposed antennas can be applied to a huge broadband communications market. |
| TIME DOMAIN CORP.
7057 Old Madison Pike Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 922-9229
Mr. Larry Fullerton NAVY 01-111 Awarded: 09NOV01 |
| Title: | Wireless Radio Frequency Communication Link for Small Unmanned Ground Vehicles |
| Abstract: | Reconnaissance of tunnels, buildings, or other enclosed spaces is extremely dangerous for the modern warfighter. Small Unmanned Ground Vechicles (UGVs) are ideal for this mission. Unfortunately, convential RF communications links do not function well in these enclosures due to multi-path effects, and tethered links are impractical due to tangling and susceptibility to cutting. Time Domain Corporation has developed patented ultra wideband (UWB) technology, that can overcome these problems. Previous experiments have shown that TDC UWB technology actuall exhibits enhanced performance in enclosed enviornments. In this proposal, TDC presents an approach, based on sound engineering principles, that lead to a prototype wireless RF communications link for UGVs, based on TDC patented PulsON Application Demonstrators and our own prototype UGV in real world environments and from this testing, develop a prototype RF design for Phase II implementation. The result will be a well developed design that will enable the use of UGVs in enclosed enviornments. |
| LSA
1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1300 Arlington, VA 22202 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 363-5808
Mr. Alvin B. Cabato NAVY 01-112 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Internal Periscope Displays for Embedded Training |
| Abstract: | LSA proposes to develop a visual display monitor that can be permanently built into the periscopes on the AAAV to provide embedded training capabilities. Our novel approach provides three modes of operation. The system can be switched ON so that the display becomes opaque for presenting the simulated out-the-window (OTW) view provided by the on-board embedded training simulator server. The display can be switched OFF so that the synthetic imagery display is transparent and the vehicle operator can view outside of the vehicle in a normal fashion through the periscope. A third state is added to further enhance the functionality of the internal display by allowing the system to superimpose synthetic imagery over the OTW view. In training, this capability allows synthesized targets to be overlayed on the real- world view. On the battlefield, navigation status and reconnaissance data can be incorporated in the OTW view, augmenting situational awareness without obscuring important details. Allowing the operator to maintain focus on the periscope view port and stay aware of crucial status information will enhance battlefield effectiveness. This proposal specifically aims to outfit the AAAV with ruggedized periscope displays as part of the embedded training system, but the technologies presented here can be applied to other vehicles as well. Military applications will include integration of high-resolution displays into other armored vehicles and periscopes for embedded training and wartime use. The techniques developed in this program can be modified for other situations where it would be beneficial to have an overlaid image. The microdisplay is an alternative rugged information display that allows a virtual large screen and high resolution in a confined space while using little power. Commercial applications include head-mounted displays for video gaming, maintenance technicians, and other equipment for service and manufacturing users that need to be able to switch between fields of view. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Electro-Optic & Holography Div, 20600 Gramercy Pla Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Mr. Kevin Yu NAVY 01-112 Awarded: 05NOV01 |
| Title: | Periscope Integrated Collimating Display |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop and demonstrate a novel periscope integrated collimating display (PICOD) for out-the-window embedded training, which can be integrated into the AAAV periscope system and can be switched ON to display a simulated out-the-window scene, and OFF to view through the visual path of the periscope. This collimating simulator system combining POC's unique holographic technology with a COTS miniature image source, can be integrated with POC enhanced Bluetooth wireless technology. Efficient narrowband three-color (RGB) multiplexed reflective holographic optical elements function as a head-up display combiner in the collimating simulator geometry. Because of the HOEs' unique wavelength and angle selectivity, they selectively display the collimated imagery only when the narrowband three color (RGB) light from the miniature display is turned on, whereas they are transparent to the outside light of periscope real imagery. In Phase I, POC will design and analyze the performance of the proposed system and demonstrate feasibility by means of an experimental prototype system. Compact high quality switchable miniature collimating displays will benefit many commercial applications, including video games, head mounted displays, automotive displays, and virtual environments for medical and other training. |
| KAZAK COMPOSITES, INC.
32 Cummings Park Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 932-5668
Mr. James Gorman NAVY 01-113 Awarded: 20DEC01 |
| Title: | Composite and Metallic Solutions for Shipboard SMART Foundation Adapter |
| Abstract: | KaZaK Composites Incorporated (KCI) proposes to develop and demonstrate a modular adapter system for connecting COTS equipment to the SMART track foundation. This adapter system is comprised of channel-like extruded or pultruded beam segments that may be easily assembled to a COTS equipment base by cutting to length and fastening with standardized connecters. The assembled base contains provisions for SMART compatible fasteners to slide along its lower channel edges, the fasteners dropping into the foundation tracks at locations providing the most robust load capacity possible within the COTS equipment footprint and floor plan. The SMART fasteners connecting the adapter channel segments to the foundation tracks are then secured by a wedge mechanism contained within the adapter channel, thus tying the COTS equipment to the foundation tracks without the necessity of turning individual fasteners in awkward locations. A key element of the developed adapter system will be the formulation of an installation manual that provides charts and instructions guiding the installer as to the number and location of fasteners required to secure the equipment as a function of weight, footprint, and C.G. height. The Phase I project will develop and validate the strength requirements for this system in standardized shock environments. The principal expected commercial benefit of this Phase I development will be an efficient low cost system for fastening COTS equipment to the SMART foundation system. The basic concept may in addition be easily adapted to other modular construction systems (e.g. Unistrut), providing secure connections without the necessity of manipulating individual fasteners. In collaboration with our Bath Iron Works partner, KCI will adapt the developed connector/adapter system to equipment installations aboard CG-47, LPD-17, DDG-51, CVN-X, and other platforms. With the likely extensive use of service life extension programs, the need for such a modular and adaptable attachment system will be extensive. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Mr. Brian Muskopf NAVY 01-113 Awarded: 20DEC01 |
| Title: | Shipboard SMART Foundation Adapter |
| Abstract: | The Shipboard Modular Arrangement Reconfiguration Technology (SMART) track system is being adopted as the standard shipboard equipment mounting system. SMART track installations provide a cost effective system for installing equipment aboard ships by simplifying the structural work involved in reconfigurations. However, current installations require individually constructed intermediate foundation adapters to mount equipment to the SMART interface, resulting in increased costs and creating potential ergonomic problems due to the increased height of the foundation adapter. A cost effective, lightweight, low profile, reconfigurable foundation adapter family is required that can serve as the interface between various equipment types and mounting orientations, and the SMART track foundation interface. Texas Research Institute Austin, Inc. proposes to develop a cost effective, lightweight, fire resistant, damage tolerant polymer composite foundation adapter. The composite material will provide substantial weight savings while having comparable strength and stiffness to a metal. The composite will not corrode and will not require a corrosion resistant surface treatment that can be damaged or scratched off. This means that the composite will not require periodic cleaning and repainting reducing life cycle costs. The composite adapter will utilize materials that meet MIL-STD-2031 fire, smoke and toxicity requirements. In addition to immediate U.S. Navy surface ship applications, the composite SMART track equipment foundation adapter has commercial applications in the commercial shipbuilding, offshore oil and gas, and military and commercial aircraft industries where lightweight, corrosion resistant, cost effective, low maintenance foundation adapters are required. |
| THE S. MAIN CO. L. L. C.
50489 West Pontiac Trail Wixom, MI 48393 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(248) 960-1540
Mr. Mark Mosher NAVY 01-113 Awarded: 20DEC01 |
| Title: | Universal SMART Track Adapter |
| Abstract: | The S. Main Company proposes to study, design, and analyze a family of universal fittings for use with SMART Track that will increase modularity from the current grid of 12" in the X direction by 1" in the Y direction to a more useful grid of 1/8" in both directions. This must be done without a degradation in performance of the existing medium and heavy duty fittings. Additional concerns are to minimize height of the fittings (and therefore minimize loss of headroom for mounted equipment), to minimize or eliminate tripping hazards, to minimize the number of parts and to simplify installation. Our approach for increasing modularity to a 1/8" grid will be to incorporate slotted holes whereby the underside of the fitting and the nut will have mating linear threads (used extensively in the metal working industry for modularity in clamping of parts to milling machines). The threads prevent slippage in the direction of the slot. Much of the work involves solving some very complex engineering stress analysis problems related to predicting slippage of threads. Additionally, it will be necessary to destructively test samples to verify computational models. The commerical shipping industry increasingly relies upon changing computer, communications, and navigational equipment. Any system that decreases the time required and the effort expended to change this equipment has the potential of commercial sales. While commercial ships do not utilize similar Navy shock requirements, the potential for a reduced weight system is well within the capabilities and expertise developed from work performed in this SBIR solicitation. Additionally, several non-shipping uses of this modular equipment include automotive robotic welders and assemblers, which must be reconfigured upon each automotive design change, and microwave relay towers, which must be loaded with new antennas on a periodic basis. Essentially, any industry that would benefit from a modular, quick-disconnect system that holds equipment in place in rugged environments is a potential commercial application. |
| ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH CORP.
15210 Dino Drive Burtonsville, MD 20866 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 989-8016
Mr. C. Mark Klemick NAVY 01-114 Awarded: 19DEC01 |
| Title: | Automated Shipboard Food Service |
| Abstract: | An automated material handling system combined with a high-level system control will be designed for the DD-21 class ships. The system will allow for automated material handling technology to induct food commodities into a storage system, to retrieve on-demand items, to automatically move the items to the galley, to automatically prepare the items for serving, and to automate the handling and processing of utensils through the cleaning process in the scullery. When combined with the use of advanced food preparation and packaging technology, this system will use automated material handling and robotic elements to move food items through the complete induction to usage cycle with minimal human intervention, and it will allow for real time inventory status and control status of each system element. The system will be designed not only for efficient operation, but also for robust operation considering not only the rigors of normal at-sea motion and environments, and also the need to function in stressful combat and casualty modes that allow for continued galley operations under degraded situations. Such a system could be modeled for translation into existing ship classes, their upgrades, and for ashore facility designs where automated galley efficiencies are desirable. Automating shipboard galleys in conjunction with the utilization of advanced food preparation technology will result in reduced labor for food service duty aboard ship, more accurate control of stores inventory, safer handling and preparation operations, and improved menu consistency and quality aboard ship. Such a system concept and design could be translated into other ship classes for similar savings of labor and improved quality of life, as well as introduced ashore in the military and/or commercial market where central food preparation and distributed preparation sites would benefit from labor saving, operational safety, process control, and real time inventory information. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4096
Mr. William Leary NAVY 01-114 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of an Automated Shipboard Food Service System |
| Abstract: | Foster-Miller proposes to develop a plan for an automated shipboard food preparation and scullery operation through a Systems Engineering Process (SEP) development program. Food service and scullery operations are complex systems that require a carefully executed plan that only this type of an approach can fulfill. Foster-Miller will use its experience in food cooking and processing systems, along with our experience with the application of a SEP based program to present a logical development plan for Phase II. The key to this Phase I effort will be the utilization of simulation and animation modeling to verify the system engineering process. Foster-Miller proposes using simulation and animation to verify the requirements and physical functions of this complex system. The product of this effort will include a process flow model for both the Food Item Preparation System (FIPS) and Scullery Management System (SMS), through simulation, to properly integrate all operations based on capacity and demand. A 3-D animation based on the simulation model to establish the physical parameters of the FIPS and SMS and demonstrate a "working system". All major components will be specified in terms of commercial availability or need for further development. An automated solution is presented. (P-010754) Automation of the shipboard food service systems will reduce the highly intensive manpower operations currently in place. Workload reductions in food preparation will decrease menial labor jobs and provide more time for sailors to accomplish other work with greater professional/growth opportunities. Potential opportunities exist in the commercial fast food area and small industrial, commercial, and institutional cafeterias. |
| CARLOW INTERNATIONAL, INC.
20856 Waterbeach Pl. Potomac Falls, VA 20165 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 444-4666
Mrs. Thomas B. Malone NAVY 01-115 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Human System Integration Rapid Analysis Tool for Evaluation of System Concepts Early in Development |
| Abstract: | Carlow and Trident are pleased to submit this proposal to develop a rapid analysis tool to reduce time and effort in conducting human systems integration (HSI) analyses in the early stages of Navy system acquisition. The need for the rapid analysis tool stems from the fact that, in early stages of system acquisition, there is typically not sufficient time and/or funding to support a complete top down requirements analysis for each of several competing concepts. The rapid analysis tool should support the application of HSI to assessment of alternative concepts as part of the AoA in the areas of (a) conduct of quick-look workload and manpower assessments; (b) analysis of task sequences, dependencies and performance requirements; (c) identification of human performance issues and concerns with alternative concepts, and (d) assessment of the expected human performance interoperability of concepts. The rapid analysis tool developed in this project will be designated the Rapid Personnel Options Requirements Tool (RAPPORT) tool. RAPPORT will support the computation of average workload for an alternate concept performing a mission scenario. The tool will also support the analysis of tasks and the identification of human performance issues and human performance interoperability requirements with alternative concepts. This tool will support early HSI analysis to assess workloads, manning and human performance of commercial as well as military systems with significantly reduced time, effort and cost of the analysis. Potential commercial applications include commercial shipping, maritime and offshore systems, manufacturing plants, electrical power plants, chemical and pharmaceutical plants, and any other commercial enterprise where manpower reduction and human performance improvement is a priority. |
| MICRO ANALYSIS & DESIGN, INC.
4900 Pearl East Circle, Suite 201E Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 442-6947
Ms. Beth Plott NAVY 01-115 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Human System Integration Rapid Analysis Tool for Evaluation of System Concepts Early in Development |
| Abstract: | This project will result in the design and prototype of a performance evaluation, workload assessment, and decision support tool for assessing human systems integration (HSI) aspects of US Navy and commercial ship designs. The designed tool will help analysts evaluate different manning concepts in terms of system performance, operator workload and cost. The tool will contain situational awareness, human error, and visualization components. The tool will support a flexible analysis approach through which system designers can apply varying levels of fidelity to the analysis of manning and automation alternatives. The tool will include a large database of predecessor system maintenance, equipment and job data. The tool will also include a database of scenarios, events, and watchstander and maintainer tasks that the user can utilize and/or modify for a new analysis. The tool will be able to help designers assess the impact of reduced manning levels on performance in various dimensions of the systems (e.g., levels of automation required, allocation of tasks to human operators, workload of the reduced crew, subsequent risk associated with degraded performance due to excessive workload, etc.). Tool users will evaluate and trade-off these factors to determine the ultimate success of the system in terms of human performance, cost and safety risk. The issues that are currently driving the acquisition of military and commercial hardware systems are those that revolve around personnel costs, system performance, and safety. Designers and manufactures of advanced commercial systems must respond to the pressure to be more cost effective without sacrificing safety. The proposed software tool will leverage existing HSI analysis tools and will advance the state of the art in human systems integration technology so that the ability of sailors to operate, maintain and support a system will be used to impact system design. It will be able to help analysts evaluate shipboard reduced manning and automation concepts for safety and affordability impacts prior to building the ship. This will result in an effective force under today's reality of smaller crew sizes. |
| CHI SYSTEMS, INC.
Gwynedd Office Park, 716 N. Bethlehem Pike, Ste 30 Lower Gwynedd, PA 19002 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 542-1400
Mr. James Hicinbothom NAVY 01-116 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Embedded Training in an Optimized Manning Environment |
| Abstract: | The demands upon Naval training systems, organizations, and staff will only increase as the 21st Century unfolds. Significant strides have been made not only in demonstrating feasibility (e.g., AETS) of advanced embedded training systems, but also in deploying embedded simulation/stimulation and training systems (e.g., BFTT, ATEAMS). Unfortunately, many advanced training systems under development focus quite narrowly on what happens during a given full-up training exercise, and far too little on what happens between training exercises. The notebook computer-based PSYNTHIA (Personal SYNTHetic Instructional Agent) is intended to fill those gaps while also helping supervisory personnel and training staff manage the "big picture" for each warfighter's advancement to competence and cognitive readiness. PSYNTHIA will observe warfighter performance via middleware communication with BFTT, contribute to and collect After Action Review (AAR) results from warfighters and instructors, and maintain confidential "student" records. Furthermore, Phase II development will create a novel capability enabling PSYNTHIA to interact with each warfighter between exercises, analogous to the way a Marine instructor might use a sandbox to lay out a situation for a trainee - explaining, quizzing, and probing the student's understanding of the underlying processes, potential courses of action, and myriad other factors affecting the outcome of the situation. The proposed technological innovations brought together to create PSYNTHIA are very marketable for transition to the commercial sector, as well as many other potential uses by DoD and foreign military organizations. The innovative 24x7x365 "anytime" advanced tutoring, and the more common student record keeping, capabilities which PSYNTHIA will provide can be applied to a wide range of jobs where individual job competence also requires competence at being a good team member. Potential applications abound in operation and supervision of control systems, production systems, and many other work environments. Typical industries in which applications might be found include aviation, defense, chemical processing and production, power production and distribution, transportation of hazardous waste, and many others. Furthermore, the key underlying technological innovation in PSYNTHIA, the ability for a cognitive agent to dynamically construct display contents to carry out interaction with a human, could lead to a revolution in human-computer interaction, finally fulfilling many of the dreams held by researchers of intelligent user interfaces and adaptive interfaces in the past two decades. |
| SONALYSTS, INC.
215 Parkway North, P.O. Box 280 Waterford, CT 06385 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 326-3760
Mr. John L. Wayne NAVY 01-116 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Embedded Training in an Optimized Manning Environment |
| Abstract: | The Phase I effort will include a detailed methodology for conducting training in the anticipated manning environment for new and evolving 21st century ship classes (DD 21, CVNX, LPD-17, etc.). A training infrastructure will be defined that will accommodate individual and team training requirements within a closed-loop adaptive training system employing a seamless combination of adaptive IMI- and simulation-based tutoring. Sonalysts will examine several technologies during the Phase I study for potential leverage into the Phase II prototype system. These include: Afloat Training and Exercise Management System (ATEAMS), ExpertTrainTM (simulation-based intelligent tutoring technology), InTrainTM (adaptive interactive multimedia instruction), Variable Virtual Combat Mockup (VVCM), Advanced Embedded Training (AET) system, and the Synthetic Cognition for Operational Team Training (SCOTT). Phase II will include development of a small-scale closed-loop system focused on a shipboard Combat Information Center (CIC). This research will significantly contribute to development of a fully functional closed-loop training system that will support individual and team training within a total-ship environment. We anticipate that the technology developed under this SBIR topic will be employed in future naval ships (DD 21, CVNX, etc.), and within the Navy's shore-based training infrastructure. |
| CONTINENTAL CONTROLS & DESIGN, INC.
1921 N. Gaffey Suite J San Pedro, CA 90731 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 831-8669
Mr. James P. Hynes Jr. NAVY 01-117 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Non-Lethal Ship Defense Response Systems (Anti-surface) |
| Abstract: | asdStopping persons in their tracks without risking injury is a tough assignment. We don't have the ultimate answer. Instead, we propose to build an inexpensive delivery vehicle that can carry a TBD small payload, or non-lethal warhead out beyond 500 meters with pinpoint (2 meter CEP) accuracy. This delivery vehicle is essentially a miniature inertially guided Non-Lethal Cruise Missile (NLCM), made possible and affordable by new MEMS sensors. Fired from a handheld 40mm grenade launcher, it reaches out 500 meters in under 6 seconds, cruising with non-lethal kinetic energy at 300 fps (paintball speed). The `warhead' can be a rubber nose, noise/flash maker, sticky goo, tear gas, fireworks, or any future combination of non-lethal deterrent. Built entirely with COTS components (and a MEMS IMU we are completing in an independent project), we can demonstrate this miniature munition with full range flight tests next year in Phase 2. Benefits: This technology has wide application in both government and commercial security business (high value site protection) and in law enforcement (non-lethal weapons/crowd control). |
| LE SYSTEMS, INC.
91 Prestige Park Circle, Suite 5 East Hartford, CT 06108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 633-0459
Mr. Richard J. Nelson NAVY 01-117 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Non-Lethal Ship Defense Response Systems (Anti-surface) |
| Abstract: | The technology that will be delivered in Phase III, is an integrated 5 watt 532 nanometer ruggedized, fieldable green, Laser Dazzler system. The heart of the system is the compact 532nm laser, currently being developed by LE Systems Inc. The laser will be integrated with a tunable power supply, a reflective beam expander, and interlocked to a rangefinder sized to provide an eye-safe beam. The system will be able to operate from either battery power or a power source of opportunity. The deliverable 5-watt system will provide a unique testbed for demonstrating a number of applications of the technology for Military and Law Enforcement communities. The LE Systems Inc. Laser Dazzler baseline system, developed in conjunction with a joint NIJ, DARPA and USAF Phillips Laboratory contract, has been scaled to the 0.5-watt level, and will be used in the Phase I program, and provide a baseline for the Phase II design effort. The proposed effort extends the 532nm technology to a level that will supply test data for a number of longer range Military and Law Enforcement requirements. For a number of years, we have been able to locate targets, intruders, and etc. in all types of environments and at various ranges. The issue always has been, how do you deter and/or stop the aggressor, and how do you distinguish between friend or foe. Adding to the problem is that in many cases the target maybe an innocent person or persons who has just happened to wander into a restricted area. With the increase of threats to both civilian and military targets throughout the world, and the political ramifications of the use of force, methods to defuse situations in a true non-lethal fashion needed to be developed and tested. The proposed program will deliver a higher power Laser Dazzler system with tunable output intensity to provide the necessary level of output light for long range and wide-angle applications. The non-lethal laser light incapacitates the target by providing a temporary "optical wall" between the target and the source. The current handheld Laser Dazzler has been designed to be eye-safe at the aperture to all current FDA and ANSI standards, by limiting the power to 2.55 milliwatts/cm2. Since an area defense platform will allow for a larger aperture system and minimum engagement ranges can be preset, eye-safe at the aperture is not an issue. The Phase III 5-watt laser demonstration system will provide the platform to obtain test data for all government agencies on the "optical wall" effect. Based on the interest to protect not only our naval ships in port, but also all assets of our government, LE Systems Inc. believes that the development of a smaller, higher power and more efficient 532nm Laser Dazzler will be of interest not only to the Navy, but all branches of the services and other Government agencies, as well as security agencies in the private sector. |
| SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS & RESEARCH ASSOC
15261 Connector Lane Huntington Beach, CA 92649 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 903-1000
Mr. Jay Cleckler NAVY 01-117 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Non-Lethal Ship Defense Response Systems (Anti-surface) |
| Abstract: | A variety of vessels may threaten a U.S. Navy ship. Accidental intruders may include fishing boats or tugboats that inadvertently get close enough to the ship to pose a threat. Non-dedicated harassers include protestors who want to contest the Navy's presence but are not committed to violent actions. Committed terrorist category would include the crew that attacked the USS Cole nearly a year ago. Non-lethal deterrent must not incapacitate the intruding vessel crew or engine. Doing so could force the vessel to continue drifting toward the Navy ship regardless of the vessel's intentions. Thus non-lethal technology that incapacitates would not allow the skipper to fully assess intent before lethal force would be required. SARA's proposed acoustic perimeter defense concept relies on the natural 1/ r2 fall-off of acoustic intensity to provide a scalable effect. The device uses a newly developed and tested, proprietary acoustic device with no moving parts, coupled to a beamforming antenna. The compact device is rugged, uses little fuel, is easy to setup and stow, and can withstand the deleterious effects of the ocean environment. Other applications, for this easy to use, no moving parts, technology include Coast Guard interdictions, a crowd control device for law enforcement, and a possible delaying "fence" at border crossings. |
| DIGITAL SYSTEM RESOURCES, INC.
12450 Fair Lakes Circle, Suite 625 Fairfax, VA 22033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 279-3054
Mr. Ronald Borrell NAVY 01-118 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Surveillance of Ship Security Perimeter While in Port |
| Abstract: | This SBIR is concerned with using remote sensors to enhance the performance of security forces protecting Navy ships while docked in port. The use of remote sensing systems for area surveillance can greatly complement the performance of human sentries. Current remote systems rely primarily on video and infrared sensors. Specific weaknesses of these systems include high false alarm rates, limited detection ranges (especially for stealthy intruders), and a lack of automatic threat localization and tracking. We propose the introduction of acoustic sensing to these systems with the goal of having the additional sensor type improve detection performance and provide additional information that contributes to the reduction of false alarms. The thrust of this proposal is to study, evaluate, and demonstrate the performance that can be provided by using acoustic sensors as part of an area surveillance system. This innovation will provide significant improvement in the detection and localization of stealthy intruders from both dock-side and water-side, as well as provide a dramatic reduction in the number of false contacts that need to be investigated. Effective ship security while in-port can be applied not only to military ships but also to commercial ships containing flammable or explosive cargo (e.g., liquefied natural gas, crude oil). Effective perimeter security is also applicable to buildings, military installations and manufacturing facilities. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
7519 Standish Place, Suite 200 Rockville, MD 20855 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 222-0444
Dr. Leonard Haynes NAVY 01-118 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Ultra-Wide Band Ship Security Perimeter |
| Abstract: | IAI and a partner company, Time Domain Corporation (TDC), are developing a new type of radio called Time-Modulated Ultra-Wideband (TM-UWB) radio. Within the last few years, low cost ultra-high precision time delays have become available, and these now make it possible to build UWB communication and radar systems which have no carrier frequency. The only signals transmitted are pulses. The Fourier transform of a perfect impulse is constant at all frequencies. For the pulses we are currently using (1/2 ns), the energy extends approximately from .5 to 4 Gigahertz, and the energy content in any conventional frequency band is below the noise. Because all that is transmitted is binary pulses, implementation of electronically steerable phased array systems is easy and effective. Similarly, SAR processing is relatively simple and effective. These two features of TM-UWB are exploited to yield an effective ship perimeter security system which will work in all weather, and may even be able to detect intruders through non-metal obstacles such as dock decking. The same basic electronics can also be used to provide communication with sailors, and another unique feature of this technology is that the location of anyone carrying one of our UWB radios can be tracked. Our partner company, Time Domain Corporation (TDC) has invested $100 million in private funds to commercialize this technology. A set of custom ASICS have reduced the electronics down to three chips. Time Domain's business model is to be a chip supplier ("Time Domain Inside"). Our work will be synergistic with TDC's commercial development, using the ASIC chips as the implementation kernel, and developing the theory and practice to apply this new technology to ship surveillance and other security perimeter applications. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Shengji Peng NAVY 01-118 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Surveillance System for Automatic Object Discrimination and Tracking |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation proposes to develop a new automatic object discrimination and tracking surveillance system for Naval ship security. In Phase I, we will develop a Surveillance System for Automatic Object Discrimination and Tracking (Dis/Track) employing multiple highly efficient real-time noise-reducing and camouflage penetration technologies. Because targets move in complex backgrounds, traditional ATR systems, which rely on a fixed number of templates and movement tracking, fail to identify them. The proposed dynamic template real-time updating technology is specially designed to solve these problems. Successful completion of Phase I will demonstrate the feasibility of the Dis/Track surveillance system and lead to complete system development and testing under field conditions. Commercial applications include security systems and intruder detection systems based on video and infrared cameras for building surveillance. |
| WAVEBAND CORP.
375 Van Ness Ave, Suite 1105 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 212-7808
Dr. Lev Sadovnik NAVY 01-118 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Perimeter Security Monitoring Using a Novel 360 degree Scanning Antenna |
| Abstract: | To overcome deficiencies inherent in perimeter security systems (PSS) that depend solely on FLIR and/or Low-Light TV, WaveBand Corporation, with the support from Ingalls Shipyard, proposes to develop and demonstrate a millimeter wave (MMW) perimeter monitoring sensor. A low-cost, truly affordable sensor becomes possible due to the proposed novel all-around scanning MMW antenna with no moving RF parts, combined with a PC-based radar signal processor (RSP). Phase I will establish the feasibility of the MMW perimeter security monitor (MPSM) will provide: all weather, day/night, perimeter monitoring that features high number (up to 60) full scans per second; 360§ field of view (FOV); high resolution enabling boat (on the water) or human (on the pier) detection; motion and intelligent object discrimination for autonomous operation; automatic alarm and video/FLIR camera queuing due to automatic target detection and tracking; ease of installation and maintenance due to the combined (transceiver + antenna) front end and low-frequency cable connector to the RSP. The proposed MPSM extends its usefulness to civilian applications as an intrusion warning system to protect national assets and limited access areas and as a fire detection system for national parks, nature preserves and urban/wildland interface. It also addresses a large railroad grade crossing monitoring market. |
| DIGITAL SYSTEM RESOURCES, INC.
12450 Fair Lakes Circle, Suite 625 Fairfax, VA 22033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 683-3472
Mr. Willis Rowe NAVY 01-119 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Simulation Environment in Support of Non-Cooperative Target Recognition (NCTR) Algorithm Development |
| Abstract: | Development of a simulation environment concept for stimulation of developmental Non-Cooperative Target Recognition (NCTR) algorithms is proposed. The proposed concept is based on a distributed architecture simulation, interconnected via a LAN using standard network protocols. This simulation is envisioned to initially include a 3-degree of motion model of a surface surveillance platform equipped with a modern volume search radar, a multi-function radar and IRST. The simulation will also include a database of menu selectable target signatures that model an array of friendly, hostile, and neutral air and space borne targets, with a capability to add surface targets if desired. Target characteristics include all aspect signature profiles with nominal value ranges for measurable features and attributes consistent with the modeled sensors capabilities. Also included will be a propagation environment phenomenology model with a database of attenuation and degradation effects of weather, multi-path, sea state and scenario induced effects such as smoke and dust. The simulation scenario will be overlaid on menu selectable DMA maps using a WGS-84 based reference grid over an elliptical earth profile. Surveillance platform and 3DOF target maneuver and motion profiles will be scenario programmable based on selectable waypoint navigation, altitude and velocity profiles. The proposed simulation will provide a means to reliable evaluation of NCTR algorithm performance under a wide variety of scenarios and sensor performance and configuration profiles. Use of this high fidelity simulation will preclude the expense and complexity of performing equivalent evaluation via field-testing on instrumented ranges using real sensors, surveillance platforms, targets and precision ground truth geometries. The transportability and networking compatibility of the simulation also makes it easily adaptable to training and joint service requirement applications. The simulation technology is also adaptable to non-military applications of air traffic control, search and rescue, law enforcement, and commercial vehicle tracking and location. |
| TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP.
11400 West Olympic Blvd., Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90064 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 663-9227
Mr. George LeFurjah NAVY 01-119 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Simulation Environment in Support of Non-Cooperative Target Recognition (NCTR) Algorithm Development |
| Abstract: | Navy operational emphasis continues to shift to the complex littoral scenarios associated with expeditionary warfare, strike operations, and coastal TBMD. Rapid and accurate target classification and identification become crucial to maintaining effective ship self-defense posture in the presence of greater diversity of threats and higher density non-military targets. The larger the number of features that can be compared with the stored threat library, the higher the level of confidence with which a given track can be associated with a specific threat. Therefore, data from multiple sensors with complementary characteristics, such as radar and IR, affords greater potential for improved NCTR than data from either sensor alone. Because live target testing is prohibitively expensive, offers little control, and is not reproducible, most of the algorithm development will have to be done using simulation. The focus of the proposed effort is to design and develop a laboratory/workstation that combines detailed radar and IRST models, consistent radar and IR target characteristics and propagation and clutter environments, a six degrees of freedom target trajectory model, and a user-friendly graphical user interface. With this tool NCTR algorithm development based upon IR, radar, and fused IR/radar sensor data can proceed in a cost-effective and efficient manner This research and development effort could lead to a dual IR/Radar sensor NCTR development tool capable of modeling simultaneous radar and IR signature generation on a common moving target in common meteorological conditions. Such a tool provides a unique capability for the design and development of NCTR methods and algorithms, as well as much needed predictive analysis for Navy testing. |
| NAVSYS CORP.
14960 Woodcarver Road Colorado Springs, CO 80921 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 481-4877
Dr. Alison Brown NAVY 01-120 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Global Positioning System (GPS) Jamming Situational Awareness for Naval Surface Fire Support (NSFS) |
| Abstract: | The objective of this Phase I SBIR is to produce an architectural design for a system of GPS jammer geolocation collectors. The proposed system is called the Situational Awareness of GPS Environment (SAGE) system and is designed to operate using a network of small UAVs, such as the Smart Warfighting Array of Reconfigurable Modules (SWARM) UAVs, as each jammer location sensor platforms. The SAGE system consists of a jammer location (JLOC) sensor on each UAV, and a shipboard master station that processes the JLOC sensor data to compute the jammer location and provides jammer situational awareness to the Naval Fires Control System (NFCS) using a Weapons Effectiveness Prediction Model (WEPM). The SAGE system provides a mission support capability to assess jammer effects on GPS-guided, precision strike weapons. The system leverages the proven NAVSYS Jammer Location capability previously developed under an Air Force SBIR. Under Phase I we will develop a design for a JLOC sensor payload suitable for installation on a small UAV and develop a design to upgrade our JLOC master station to include the WEPM capability to provide GPS situational awareness. As an option, we also propose to support a demonstration of a prototype SAGE system using in-house test equipment. Because of the susceptibility of GPS to interference there is a growing need for civil and Government agencies to be able to quickly locate sources of interference to GPS. The SAGE system will provide such a capability to the FAA, FCC, and other government users reliant on GPS to support critical infrastructure. |
| TOYON RESEARCH CORP.
Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 968-6787
Dr. Kenan O. Ezal NAVY 01-120 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Global Positioning System (GPS) Jamming Situational Awareness for Naval Surface Fire Support (NSFS) |
| Abstract: | Toyon Research Corporation proposes to research and to develop a low-cost, jammer localization and characterization network, as well as the analysis tools necessary to ensure that the system provides valuable assistance in battlefield awareness and mission planning. The system will consist of a single control station and two or more remote stations that can be ground-based or UAV based. The primary focus of this effort will be to locate sources of GPS interference, such as jammers. In order to achieve the highest localization accuracy possible, while keeping costs low, the proposed system will be a hybrid implementation of a bearings-only measurement system and a time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) system. Each remote station will synchronously sample and store the monopulse direction-finding (DF) RF information and compute a bearing measurement. These bearing measurements, along with power measurements, will then be transmitted to the control station and be used to determine whether or not any of the measurements are potentially from the same emitter. In addition, the control station will periodically request that the remote stations transmit the stored samples, which correspond to the previously submitted bearing measurements, for further processing. At this point, both TDOA and differential-Doppler (DD) techniques can be utilized to further improve the initial bearings-only emitter location estimates. The loss of GPS signal lock due to intentional and unintentional interference signals is a real threat to military and civilian positioning and navigation systems which cannot always be avoided. Hence, this threat location estimation and characterization network can be used to potentially find and eliminate sources of GPS jamming signals as well as for improved battlefield awareness and mission planning. In addition, the threat localization concept is applicable for any commercial or military wireless system that is subjected to electromagnetic interference such as GPS aided aircraft navigation systems, wireless communications, wireless local-area-networks, and wireless personal-area-networks such as Bluetooth. Because of the immense popularity of these systems, there is a growing need, and a large commercial market, for systems that can locate and track unintentional emissions, as well as RF jammers. The emitter localization and characterization network concept proposed by Toyon Research Corporation satisfies that need. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. Robert J. Kline-Schoder NAVY 01-121 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Passive Inertial Navigation System |
| Abstract: | GPS-based inertial navigation systems provide a very accurate and cost-effective means of augmenting traditional inertial measurement units. However, the GPS signal is subject to jamming which can render the navigation system useless. The objective of this project is to design, fabricate, and test a navigation system for guided projectiles that does not rely on GPS. This system will provide accurate navigation data with minimum mass and cost. We will achieve this objective by combining inertial measurement unit and altimeter data with magnetometer measurements and a magnetic field map of the earth. The innovative sensor fusion algorithm is based on advanced optimal estimation techniques that will result in highly accurate navigation data. These data will then be provided to the missile control system for projectile guidance. During the Phase I project, we will prove the feasibility of our innovation by performing a complete system study using computer simulation. During Phase II, we will design, fabricate, evaluate, and deliver a fully functional prototype passive inertial navigation system. This technology will have application to both military and commercial aerospace vehicles. An accurate, inexpensive, and low mass passive navigation system has the potential to provide accurate navigation data to vehicles when GPS is not available (such as in canyons, urban areas, mountainous terrain, or when the GPS system is not functioning properly). |
| MULTISPECTRAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
20300 Century Blvd., Suite 175 Germantown, MD 20874 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 528-1745
Dr. Robert J. Fontana NAVY 01-121 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Non-GPS Projectile Navigation via Ultra Wideband Signals |
| Abstract: | Multispectral Solutions, Inc. (MSSI) proposes to develop the Ultra WideBand (UWB) Radio Frequency (RF) components of a non-GPS navigation system. The complete non-GPS navigation system solution requires an integration of multiple technologies, ranging from small aircraft to real-time video/map correlation. Here, the scope is limited to propagation and timing of MSSI's UWB waveforms. The beneficial characteristics of MSSI's UWB nanosecond pulse waveforms are that they are spectrally confined, transmit data and allow for precision time of flight to measure distances between transmitters and receivers. Spectrally confined waveforms allow multiple RF systems to occupy the same platform without interference. Additionally, UWB waveforms offer a low probability of interception and detection (LPI/D), hence increasing survivability. Finally, the nearly all-digital nature of UWB hardware allows for microminiaturization via ASIC and RF hybrid technology. These features make the non-GPS navigation UWB system applicable to many US Navy and Marine Corps geo-location applications. Under Phase I, two major objectives are proposed. The first objective will develop geo-location transmitters and receiver hardware in S-band (2-4 GHz). The second objective will support systems studies for non-GPS navigation. The proposed Phase I option will demonstrate the performance of differential time of arrival UWB geo-location hardware. Navigation with the accuracy of GPS or better, without any reliance upon GPS for operation. The system is scalable to any operational area. |
| NAVSYS CORP.
14960 Woodcarver Road Colorado Springs, CO 80921 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 481-4877
Dr. Alison Brown NAVY 01-121 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Non-GPS Projectile Navigation |
| Abstract: | The objective of this Phase I SBIR is to provide an alternative approach for guided projectiles to continue navigation in situations where the GPS signal is unusable because of enemy jamming. Our proposed navigation solution is to modify the guided projectiles' existing GPS receiver to allow it to use the jammer signals themselves as a source of navigation information to update the on-board inertial navigation system once the J/S level exceeds the ability of the GPS receiver to maintain lock. The system relies on a network of small UAVs, such as the Smart Warfighting Array of Reconfigurable Modules (SWARM) UAVs. These provide jammer location sensor data to a shipboard master station which precisely geolocates the jammer sources. This information is passed to the GPS-guided weapon prior to launch. The SWARM UAVs then provide data directly to the projectile in flight to support this back-up navigation mode. In phase I we will demonstrate the feasibility of this concept through a combination of simulation and testing. In Phase II we propose to deliver a prototype navigation system that can be used to demonstrate the system performance during field tests. Because of the susceptibility of GPS to interference there is a growing need for civil and Government agencies to be able to have a back-up capability to operate in the presence of GPS interference. The proposed navigation solution has application to all GPS precision-guided weapons and also as a source of back-up navigation to allow GPS operation in areas not covered by GPS, such as robotic vehicles operating in open-pit mines. |
| SOFTWARE & ENGINEERING ASSOC., INC.
1802 N. Carson Street, Suite 200 Carson City, NV 89701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(775) 882-1966
Mr. Stuart S. Dunn NAVY 01-122 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Modeling High-Temperature Erosive Gas Flow to Support Barrel Erosion Reduction Concept Modeling for Fire Support Gun Application |
| Abstract: | New requirements for modern gun systems have greatly increased the propellant flame temperature and reactivity of the combustion products. As a result, thermochemical erosion can greatly reduced the service life of the gun tubes in these systems. Coatings and liners have been used to mitigate erosion, with mixed results. In order to design a new gun tube which resists excessive wear, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms contributing to thermochemical erosion is necessary. Although most of the tools required to calculate thermochemical erosion exist as individual programs, the actual analysis procedure is quite cumbersome, labor intensive and error prone. These individual physical models need to be extended to increase their applicability for new gun systems and the results merged into a Unified Thermochemical Erosion Program. This new program development will result in a single computer code that melds modern computational modeling with all the prior knowledge of thermochemical erosion. The new code will allow designers to parametrically evaluate and compare erosion performance resulting from various combinations of propellant, materials, and wear-reduction technologies. This screening tool will allow the designer to concentrate on the most promising wear resistant technology, rather than waste time on a hit and miss approach. The benefits of the development of the Phase II product, the Unified Thermochemical Erosion computer code, are that it will allow the gun system designer to quickly and accurately evaluate the relative merits of new gun systems design changes without costly test programs. The user-friendly software will allow the designer to parametrically evaluate a large variety of designs quickly and economically. This software can be extended to the automotive, rocket and jet propulsion, aerospace, petroleum, and chemical industry. Advanced thermochemical modeling in high temperature, high pressure, high carbon/ hydrogen environment as exist in gun tubes is directly applicable to thermal erosion problems in most internal combustion and jet engines utilizing hydrocarbon fuels. The higher operating temperatures and pressures of guns represent the range of operation that higher efficiency engines are already moving toward. Special coatings and shapes such as are being modeled here will be directly applicable to next generation, hotter, high efficiency engines. |
| NOMADICS, INC.
1024 S. Innovation Way Stillwater, OK 74074 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(405) 372-9535
Mr. Art Crotzer NAVY 01-123 Selected for Award |
| Title: | HYDRA Wireless Audio/Video Heaset Feasibility Study |
| Abstract: | Nomadics will conduct a study to determine the feasibility and best approach of implementing a system of shipboard data networking that would be built on the HYDRA system and support audio and video transmission. Nomadics is well positioned to complete the study and to implement systems that support the likely findings of such a study conducted by us or others. We are not only experts in wireless systems and networking, but further we have solid strategic alliances with M/A COM, the licensees of the EDACS technology on which HYDRA is based. While the practical transmission of audio and video using the HYDRA radiating transmission line approach poses significant challenges, we have already conceptualized solutions to many of those obstacles. Further, we believe that our proposed approach of working closely with Navy personnel and with realistic scenarios will go a long way in ensuring the success of the proposed project. While the proposed study is directed at a very specific application in a limited environment, the methods of solving some of the shipboard problems that are likely to evolve from the study will have application in many other settings in which wireless communications and wireless networking are employed, especially where video is involved. The template device for the study is a wireless headset, which will be useful wherever wireless communications in a noisy or noise-restricted environment is required. |
| DIVERSIFIED TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
35 Wiggins Ave. Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-9444
Dr. Ian Roth NAVY 01-124 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advanced Power Distribution Systems |
| Abstract: | Present circuit breakers, in conjunction with UPSs, decrease power reliability with respect to load faults. To eliminate this drawback, DTI will develop an advanced power-distribution system for shipboard use, with a nominal rating of 50 A in each circuit. The switching will be done by IGBTs, which have a switching time less than two microseconds. This is more than three orders of magnitude faster than requested in the solicitation. This fast power-distribution system will further increase the reliability of Navy shipboard power, crucial for computer-based controls. The system design will reduce the required current by a factor of 2.5 or more, depending on the load, correspondingly reducing the cost and size of the power distribution panel. In the commercial sector, a circuit topology similar to that in use on Navy ships is employed by computer intensive internet service providers and server farms to ensure isolation from grid disruptions. As this topology becomes more widespread, the circuit breaker developed under this SBIR will be ideally suited to protect these systems. |
| IAP RESEARCH, INC.
2763 Culver Avenue Dayton, OH 45429 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 296-1806
Mr. Antonios Challita NAVY 01-124 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advanced Power Distribution Systems |
| Abstract: | We propose to extend our Power Node Control Center (PNCC) technology effort to develop advanced power distribution systems for the 120 VAC ship distribution system. The PNCC effort, a program sponsored by ONR, has concentrated on 450 VAC distribution systems with loads under 300 kW. The 120 VAC distribution is a natural extension to the work already done. In our proposed concept, we propose to use MCTs as the solid state switches in AC switch topology to perform the switching and protection function listed in the proposal, while maintaining all the features of the PNCC. These features are modularity, more survivable systems, and continuous high power quality to the laod. In Phase 1 of this effort, we propose to design, build and test an all solid state, 120 VAC power panel which demonstrates the switching and protection functions required in this solicitation. The successful completion of the proposed research effort will lead to a ship power distribution system that is more reliable, more survivable, and more affordable than today's systesm. A PNCC at the low voltage level will definitely have application in the industrial and aerospace markets as well as Naval and commerical ships. |
| INTEK MARINE TECHNOLOGY, LLC
2231 Crystal Park Drive, Suite 500 Arlington, VA 22202 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 233-1795
Mr. Tom D' Muhala NAVY 01-125 Awarded: 10NOV01 |
| Title: | Scale Prevention in Seawater and Freshwater Flushed Shipboard Sanitary Waste Systems |
| Abstract: | In the research proposed, INTEK Marine Technology, LLC. proposes to modify and extend its current anti-scale product line (currently in use in the cruise line industry) to both freshwater and saltwater application, by investigating the blending and testing of two separate, but simultaneously usable, scale defeating systems: 1) A set of threshold effect scale-inhibitors that absorb on calcium carbonate crystal growth sites, altering growth patterns such that any crystals form more slowly and will be highly distorted...thus rendering them "non-adhering" to surfaces and, 2) A set of scale-inhibitor compatible, low molecular weight sequestrants having the ability to seek out and "tie-up" calcium ions (at the exclusion of other competing metal ions) in both seawater and freshwater...thus removing their availability to form scale. As part of this work, INTEK also proposes to develop a low maintenance, automated chemical delivery system for use on a wide variety of naval vessels. The use of calcium carbonate scale inhibitors and removers for freshwater flushed shipboard vacuum sanitary waste systems is steadily growing in the cruise line industry. The availability of an enhanced calcium carbonate scale inhibitor and remover for both seawater and freshwater flushed shipboard sanitary waste systems will be of substantial benefit to not only the U.S. Navy, but also the entire commercial and pleasure marine industries. Successful application of an enhanced calcium carbonate inhibitor and remover will eliminate problems associated with calcium carbonate deposit accumulation in seawater and freshwater flushed shipboard sanitary waste systems and periodic dock-side cleaning. This will result in the saving of thousands of dollars in repair and maintenance cost per year for each vessel in the United States Navy. The same order of magnitude in savings can be achieved in commercial shipping as well. As a result of this research INTEK proposes to market this technology to the Navy, Commercial Marine, and Pleasure Craft markets. |
| SELECTIVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
132 W. First St. Flint, MI 48502 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(810) 767-7530
Dr. Glenn B. Martin NAVY 01-125 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Induced Nuclei Formation of Calcium and Magnesium Carbonate for Scale Control |
| Abstract: | The ability of three scale control technologies; a copper/zinc bimetallic redox alloy, a magnetic and an electrochemical system, to reduce scale formation in the sanitary collection piping of ships is to be determined. All three of these scale control technologies rely upon inducing nuclei formation in the treated water prior to the water being subjected to conditions that induce scale formation. Thus, it is envisioned these three methods can by implemented by treating the flushing water (seawater and freshwater) prior to use in urinals and water closets. Each of these scale control technologies is environmentally friendly as they do not significantly change the character of the water being treated and should be compatible with the sanitary waste piping systems. A practical, low maintenance scale control free technology has wide application in the military and private sector. Military and private sector uses of this technology are numerous since essentially all water systems where heating and evaporation occur suffer from scale problems. These applications include condensers, firetube boilers, heat exchangers, hot water heaters, cooling towers, chillers, and evaporators. Scale has a significant economic impact due to its insulative properties, which causes decreased efficiency in any heat transfer process, thus increasing energy use. |
| LYNNTECH, INC.
7610 Eastmark Drive College Station, TX 77840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(979) 693-0017
Dr. Ian J. Brown NAVY 01-126 Selected for Award |
| Title: | An Integrated Bioreactor and Advanced Oxidation Process for the Treatment of Shipboard Non-oily Wastewater |
| Abstract: | U.S. Armed Forces vessels generate substantial quantities of non-oily wastewater (sewage and graywater) from toilet, shower, and galley facilities. Anticipated tightening of regulations will prevent discharge of graywater from Armed Forces vessels within 12 n.m. from the coastline of the U.S. and its territories. The 12 n.m. no-discharge zone will require that graywater generated onboard be treated or held when the ship is in this zone. The holding capacity of existing ships is insufficient to meet the anticipated regulations without wastewater treatment. Current membrane technologies for treating shipboard non-oily wastewater have limitations including foam control, long-term membrane fouling, and the sensitivity of the biomass to chemical shocks that can occur in graywater drains. The proposed non-oily wastewater treatment process utilizes an activated sludge bioreactor that separates the sludge from the effluent without the use of membranes or gravity settling. An advanced oxidation process will subsequently disinfect the effluent so that it will be suitable for unrestricted discharge or re-use. The advantages of the proposed method are its small size, low maintenance, lack of membranes and associated fouling and ability to meet discharge criteria for coastal wasters of the U.S. Rising costs for waste handling on ships and in ports is a major driving force for the development of cost effective treatment solutions for both military and commercial vessels. The Navy spends $5 million annually in Mediterranean ports alone for discharging non-oily wastewater to handling facilities. By installing waste treatment processes onboard, vessels with benefit by minimizing or eliminating the cost of discharging non-oily wastewater to port handling facilities and fines for noncompliance of discharge regulations. The proposed system will be applicable to U.S. Navy ships, U.S. Army ships, commercial vessels, and offshore platforms and as a mobile waste treatment plant for Army and Marine ground operations. |
| SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS & RESEARCH ASSOC
15261 Connector Lane Huntington Beach, CA 92649 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 903-1000
Mr. John Dering NAVY 01-126 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Shipboard Cleanup of Non-Oily Wastewater |
| Abstract: | SARA, Inc. proposes the use of high intensity acoustic energy to generate sonochemical effects for cleanup and treatment of wastewater onboard ships. The proposed technique can dramatically reduce the need to store and trans-fer non-oily wastewater and greatly reduce the volume of any water that must be discharged into the marine environment. Application of this technology would simplify and expedite Naval opera-tions in foreign waters and eliminate much of the volume of stored water that must be retained for eventual transfer to other holding systems. Overall this would enhance the efficiency of shipboard operations, reduce the volume of waste storage facilities onboard ship and regenerate usable non-potable water. The proposed technique is compatible with existing pipe layouts, plumbing and transfer systems, and existing treatment methodologies including permeable membranes. This technique has applications in many areas including the Cruise Industry, shipping industry, at sewage treatment plants, potentially onboard submarines, and for agricultural to cleanup effluent generated by large scale cattle, pig, fish and chicken producers and the meat processing industries. |
| APPLIED HYDRO-ACOUSTICS RESEARCH, INC.
15825 Shady Grove Rd., Suite 135 Rockville, MD 20850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 840-9722
Mr. Walter Allensworth NAVY 01-127 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Tactical Sonar Data Fusion |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposed research is to define a USW tactical data fusion architecture and develop a fusion algorithm baseline that can continue to mature through an incremental technology and software build process. Phase 1 program emphasis will be placed on data fusion algorithm assessments and architecture definition for the USW combat system application. AHA will develop an overall data fusion concept that includes raw data fusion, feature-fusion, and track fusion, in a high-level structure that incorporates consolidation of signal-processing & information-processing displays for all USW combat system functions segments, and leverages the infrastructure of existing information processing databases. Candidate algorithms to be defined and evaluated will include commensurate sensor data correlation, non-linear adaptive detector/estimator, and belief theory (fuzzy logic) methods. The research will assess the performance of candidate algorithms and the characteristics of USW tactical sensor feature estimate sources that will provide inputs to the tactical data fusion function. A system design task will define an approach for efficient integration of promising data fusion algorithms into the baseline AN/SQQ-89A(V)15 USW system architecture. We will define an integrated display concept that augments existing sonar geo-situation and sensor displays with intuitive overlays to depict data fusion results and confidence levels. The anticipated benefits of this technology are increased sonar analyst productivity and improved USW combat system detection, classification, and localization performance. Additional investment in the technology will improve robustness and increase the scope of sensors and feature measurements to be associated. Potential DoD applications include the AN/SQQ-89(V) tactical surface ship sonar, multi-static active sonar, and air-deployed sonobuoy field processors. Potential non-DoD applications include environmental/weather monitoring, multi-sensor imaging, and medical diagnosis systems. |
| IPEAKSDATA CORP.
2530 Woodstock Place Boulder, CO 80305 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 494-2053
Dr. Robert L Welch NAVY 01-127 Awarded: 19NOV01 |
| Title: | Adapting Distributed Graphical Modeling for Tactical Sonar Data Fusion |
| Abstract: | In this SBIR proposal, iPeaksData Corporation proposes to adapt its Distributed Graphical Modeling (DGM) technology to collecting and integrating sensor data from multiple sonar sources into an intelligent operator display and analysis tool. DGM provides infrastructure for a system of Bayesian agents that provide distributed monitoring and fusion models supporting intelligent operator displays. Geo-spatial mapping methods are used to visualize the situation analysis resulting from this system. Bayesian inference and estimation methods may be employed by the agents for multi-target multi-sensor tracking and fusion or for integration of specialized legacy fusion and tracking software. Operator drilldown will use Bayesian methods for viewing predicted values of missing data and hidden entities, analyzing hypotheses, and viewing sensor health and consistency with the rest of the sensor system. During this Phase I project, iPeaksData Corporation proposes to work with operator trainers to understand operator tasks and the mix of sonars. The objective is a design of a prototype system to built in phase I. A inital capabilities demonstration is the goal of the phase I Option. The sensor fusion and operator display software can be directly applied to real time monitoring of sensor networks and remote sensing in many applications such as network security, pipeline management, mineral exploration and disease control. |
| CHAOTIC.COM (FORMERLY RANDLE, INC.
P.O. Box 1010 Great Falls, VA 22066 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 759-5257
Mr. Rick Holland NAVY 01-128 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Active Sonar Target Classification in Littoral Waters |
| Abstract: | Attempts to design target classifiers for active sonar have failed to identify reliable features for separating targets and clutter, causing performance in littoral waters to be severely degraded by clutter induced false alarms. The proximate cause of failure is the large number of possible return waveforms that correspond to a target at different possible aspects in complex, multi-path acoustic channels. Further, conventional matched filter techniques cannot distinguish between channel-induced and target-related features in the received signal. By introducing a new and unique replica set to properly decompose the return waveforms, we have solved these problems without recourse to matched-field processing. The resulting time-eigenvalue displays provide between 10 to 20 dB separation between targets and selected clutter. False alarms can be suppressed by several orders of magnitude for a given probability of detection. We have already achieved the Phase I objectives, including making the test statistics robust against non-stationary contamination. The algorithms can run on existing and planned hardware, they are robust to environmental and channel changes, and require no operator intervention. We can now proceed to a demonstration of the time-eigenvalue displays using mid-frequency, broadband waveforms. A 10 to 20 dB improvement in target-clutter separation with the ability to classify targets. The techniques translate directly to radar, cellular telephone, medical sensing, and RF tag identification (RFID). |
| ORINCON CORP.
9363 Towne Centre Drive San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 351-4440
Dr. Henry Cox NAVY 01-128 Awarded: 28NOV01 |
| Title: | Novel Approaches for Automated Information Processing of Active Sonar Data |
| Abstract: | A crucial problem for tactical active sonars operating in littoral regions is discrimination between returns from targets of interest and those from clutter. A high probability of detection at low false alarm rates is important. Successful development of new active information processing methods will greatly improve the U.S. Navy's ability to detect and track quiet diesel-electric submarines in shallow water. ORINCON's proposed approach uses Doppler as the primary discrimination clue. During Phase I, we will develop new algorithms for space-time processing and adaptive pre-whitening that will significantly suppress reverberation effects and facilitate automation of the detection process. This effort will build on current work for ONR and NAWC on autonomous active sensors. In Phase II, we will develop additional algorithms that focus on automation, demonstrate a limited real-time processing capability in a lab system, and compute sonar performance metrics for the implemented algorithms. A real-time prototype system on a Navy-specified platform will be implemented during Phase III and tested at sea. Many current and planned Navy towed array processing systems are transition candidates, via the Advanced Processor Build (APB) program, for our proposed automated active sonar signal and information processing technology. The automated signal and information processing algorithms for Navy active sonar systems developed for this SBIR effort will provide improved detection performance, greater clutter rejection, and reduced false alarms against diesel-electric submarines in shallow-water areas. A significant number of current and future Navy sonar systems are transition candidates for our technology. We also plan to investigate civilian application of this technology to fish-finding sonar through license agreements with current suppliers. |
| MATERIALS SYSTEMS, INC.
521 Great Road Littleton, MA 01460 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 486-0404
Mr. Patrick McGuire NAVY 01-129 Awarded: 14DEC01 |
| Title: | Actively Cooled Sapphire Windows |
| Abstract: | MSI will design and fabricate actively-cooled sapphire windows containing internal channels for a cooling fluid. The windows will be fabricated from two sapphire plates bonded together with an already-demonstrated index-matching glass. In Phase I, MSI will (1) develop a preliminary flat sapphire window design based on an analysis of the thermal environment, heat extraction using a cooling fluid (e.g., water), and optical requirements, (2) fabricate a subscale demonstration sapphire window, and (3) develop concepts for integrating the window into a frame that interfaces with the cooling system. In the Phase I Option, MSI will (1) refine concepts for integrating the actively-cooled window into the missile system and (2) initiate the detailed design of the window itself. In Phase II, MSI will design, build, and test a prototype system to demonstrate its efficacy at air speeds up to Mach 3 and altitudes as low as 1000 ft. The applicability of the actively-cooled window system to non-planar window geometries will also be demonstrated. This program will provide new actively-cooled sapphire IR windows capable of full optical performance during hypersonic flight conditions, thereby enhancing the performance and reliability of surface-to-air interceptor missiles and tactical aircraft. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Dr. Hartmut H. Legner NAVY 01-129 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Thermal Stress Management of Infrared (IR) Windows |
| Abstract: | One of the major challenges in the development of high velocity interceptor missiles is the need to provide a method of keeping the infrared window cool enough to allow target tracking. Several active window cooling techniques are under investigation, however, these must address the twin challenges of increased weight and added system failure mechanisms. We have recently invented a technique for passive cooling of interceptor windows. Our modeling has shown that this innovative approach can satisfy system needs without adding any moving parts or significant mass to the system. The passive cooling material can also be employed as a window frame material mitigating thermal stress effects for standard IR windows. The material is effective under supersonic and hypersonic heating conditions. In Phase I we propose to experimentally demonstrate the cooling capacity of our window concept under moderate heating conditions. In Phase II we will design, develop, and evaluate a prototype window. A new passive-cooling IR sensor window material is directly applicable to missile defense interceptor programs sponsored by the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization, the U.S. Army, and U.S. Navy. It is particularly relevant to the atmospheric interceptor programs being conducted by the Navy. The commercial benefits of these concepts are to organizations involved in the design and fabrication of vehicles performing sensing and tracking operations at high aerodynamic heating rates. |
| SY TECHNOLOGY, INC.
5170 N. Sepulveda Blvd., Suite 240 Sherman Oaks, CA 91403 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 705-5900
Mr. Robert Cayse NAVY 01-129 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of a Wavefront Sensing Window for Severe Aerothermal Environments |
| Abstract: | To improve the performance and affordability of infrared-guided missiles, we propose to develop a mosaic window concept that would be assembled from many window elements, with each element serving as an optical tilt sensor to detect line of sight to the target. Each single-piece element would consist of three components: a micro-optic for focusing and filtering; an X-Y detector to sense vertical and horizontal line of sight to the target; and an onboard signal processing chip. If needed, each element would be individually cooled by a tangential jet of helium. The array of window elements would form a Wavefront Sensing Window (WSW). The WSW would have several advantages over a conventional window/seeker combination, including reduced total costs, no moving parts, improved resistance to aerothermal environments, reduced sensitivity to aero-optic blur, greater flexibility in external shape (e.g. cone, cylinder, ogive, flat, etc.), and increased temporal bandwidth. The Phase 1 investigation will define WSW functional requirements and then perform analyses and trade studies in optics, thermostructures, and electronics. Phase 1 results will include element materials, element size and count, micro-optic design parameters, detector design parameters, and signal processing architecture. A prototype would be fabricated and tested in Phase 2. Successful development of the Wavefront Sensing Window should improve the performance and affordability of infrared-guided missiles, should reduce the cost of commercial wavefront sensors, and could facilitate real-time aberations corrections in severe aerothermal environments. |
| BIOSONICS, INC.
4027 Leary Way NW Seattle, WA 98107 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 782-2211
Mr. Janusz Burczynski NAVY 01-130 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Integrated Underwater Sensing System for Platform Safety & Threat Alertment |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of an underwater ship perimeter security monitoring system based on the application and modification of commercially produced hydroacoustic systems and software. The existing hydroacoustic systems are based on SONAR technology common to many navigation and ranging systems but the BioSonics digital sonar equipment and software have been developed and enhanced for scientific detection and monitoring of plankton, fish, marine mammals, plants, sediments, and physical characteristics of marine and aquatic environments. This proposal will explore the adaptation of this COTS technology to the security applications defined in the RFP. The system resulting from this project will be self-contained, portable, simple to set up and operate, PC-based, and usable on virtually any vessel or platform regardless of size or configuration. PC-based software will control the echosounder configuration and operation, collect and record acoustic data, and screen and analyze acoustic signals. Target signature databases will be developed to enable characterization of targets and identification of potential threats. Underwater detection and target analysis currently used for many purposes. However, these systems normally require a high degree of operator intervention and interaction and rely heavily on post processing for analysis of acoustic signal data. A system which could be programmed to perform initial analysis of targets and assign targets to categories for classification and/or response could extend the use of low-cost hydroacoustics to many new areas. Activities in marinas, at ships locks, at aquaculture facilities, in canals and riverine waterways, and in nearshore environments are increasingly in need of monitoring for activity below the surface. The need to start, stop, or modify activities (such as at hydroelectric facilities, locks, water intakes) could be enhanced or simplified by incorporating such a system. |
| WESTERN MARINE ELECTRONICS (WESMAR)
BOX 7201, 14120 NE 200TH ST WOODINVILLE, WA 98072 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 481-2296
Mr. Richard D. Williams NAVY 01-130 Awarded: 25JUL01 |
| Title: | Integrated Underwater Sensing System for Platform Safety & Threat Alertment |
| Abstract: | Increased operations by U.S. Navy ships in the near shore and inport environments have increased desire for improved navigational safety and improved self protection from underwater threats. Commercial technologies exist or are under development which could form the basis for shipboard sensors to detect, provide alertment, and, in some cases, indentify underwater natural, manmade, or human threats to ships. Phase I of this project will prove this concept by developing an innovative engineering design for a prototype underwater sensing system that provides hazard and security alertment for U. S. Navy ships. In Phase II the prototype will be built, tested, and readied for fleet introduction. This project streamlines and compresses exploratory, advanced, and engineering developments by leaveraging COTS technologies and commercial processes to provide a system to address needs identified in today's news headlines. This system will have wide applicability across many ship types for improved navigational safety and improved self protection from underwater threats. The system will have similar applicability to allied naval craft and high value commercial vessels. |
| CALABAZAS CREEK RESEARCH, INC.
20937 Comer Drive Saratoga, CA 95070 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 741-8680
Dr. R. Lawrence Ives NAVY 01-131 Awarded: 28NOV01 |
| Title: | Multiple-Beam Electron Gun for High Power Amplifiers |
| Abstract: | Multiple beam devices are capable of producing RF power at lower voltages than conventional single beam devices. To date, efforts to extend this technology to high powers (greater than 1 MW) have been unsuccessful due to problems implementing confined flow focusing. This program will develop techniques for designing and constructing multiple beam devices at power levels significantly greater than 1 MW at S-Band using confined flow focusing. The program will develop a doubly convergent multiple beam gun using a minimum of seven cathodes and producing beam power in excess of 3 MW. Successful development of this technology will allow significant voltage reduction in a new generation of high power RF devices used for critical defense systems, such as radar, communications, electronic counter measures and offensive and defensive weapons. Reduction in voltage will dramatically lower the system cost and provide improved performance from the RF device. |
| MISSION RESEARCH CORP.
735 State Street Santa Barbara, CA 93101 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 339-6500
Dr. John A. Pasour NAVY 01-131 Awarded: 03DEC01 |
| Title: | Multiple-Beam Electron Gun for High Power Amplifiers |
| Abstract: | The goal of this program is to develop a multiple beam electron gun that can be used to power a new class of multiple beam klystron amplifiers. This gun will be designed specifically to meet the stringent requirements of these amplifiers, which will enable them to achieve the increased bandwidth, higher power, and lower phase noise demanded of future radar and communications systems. Particular emphasis will be placed on reducing the cathode loading (emission current density) below ten amperes per square centimeter, which is important for long operational lifetime. The Phase I effort will make extensive use of state-of-the-art electromagnetic design codes, including the 3-D electron gun code, MICHELLE, to develop a detailed design of the gun. The gun will be fabricated and tested during Phase II. The multiple beam gun is the key enabling technology for a new class of powerful microwave amplifiers that are needed for next generation radar and communications systems. These amplifiers will provide improved target discrimination, greater engagement ranges, improved bad-weather performance, higher data rates, and a more compact package for integration on smaller platforms. Thus, these amplifiers will find extensive use for both military and civilian applications. |
| AGILTRON CORP.
20 Arbor Lane Winchester, MA 01890 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 933-0513
Dr. Lei Zhang NAVY 01-132 Awarded: 28NOV01 |
| Title: | Low Cost Lead Salt Mid-IR Imager |
| Abstract: | Agiltron proposes a revolutionary approach to Mid-IR imager intrinsically having advantages in sensitivity, energy efficiency, reliability, and cost as compared with the competitive approaches. The innovation is based on pixel-level integration of micro-machined PbSe-Au interferometer that directly converts IR image into visible image providing unprecedented opportunity to produce affordable Mid-IR imager of drastically reduced cost. The design incorporates optical read-out, which eliminates the drawback of electronic means that inevitably introduce additional signal loss due to thermal contact made to the detector element. Moreover, the design is simple, compact, lightweight, low power consumption, rugged, and long operating life. Prototype device will be fabricated to demonstrate functionality in Phase I. We anticipate demonstrating leading edge performance in this program. Success in the Phase I effort will identify a viable manufacturing route for low cost solid-state imagers. These devices have a wide range of "dual use" applications, from various DoD's battlefield applications to commercial applications of fire fighting, law enforcement, industrial control, and driver's aid. |
| FERMIONICS CORP.
4555 Runway St Simi Valley, CA 93063 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 582-0155
Dr. Muren Chu NAVY 01-132 Awarded: 28NOV01 |
| Title: | Low-cost, Lightweight, Mid-Wave InfraRed (MWIR) Sensors |
| Abstract: | In Phase I of this proposed program, an innovative high yield technology will be developed to produce MWIR HgCdTe arrays operating at TE-cooled temperatures. This technology has been successfully used at Fermionics Corporation to develop shortwave and longwave HgCdTe arrays. By the end of the Phase I program, a camera, using the TE-cooled MWIR HgCdTe focal plane array as the sensing device will be delivered to the Navy for evaluation. The readout circuit used for operating the HgCdTe array will be Circuit ISC9809, a standard product of Indigo Systems. In Phase II, the development efforts will be directed to reducing weight, cost, and dimension of the integrated cameras. Companies with related specialties will be invited to join the development team. Finally, in Phase III, a large-scale production line will be established. The lightweight, low cost, TE-cooled HgCdTe MWIR cameras will be commercialized for both military and civilian applications. The manned land/sea/air vehicle, UAV, and infantry military market for such sensors could be in excess of 1000 cameras per year. Additional applications such as spectroscopy, remote sensing, medical imaging, firefighting, police/border patrol, and other government/commercial/scientific applications could have a market of tens of thousands/year. As the camera costs drop, the market for such devices is likely to expand rapidly. |
| SENSARRAY CORP.
3 Ray Avenue Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-7373
Mr. Paul F. Murphy NAVY 01-132 Awarded: 03DEC01 |
| Title: | Low-cost. Lightweight, Mid-Wave InfraRed (MWIR) Sensors |
| Abstract: | The successful demonstration of staring lead salt based focal plane technology has been impeded by one, the inability of previously existing ROIC technology to integrate the substantial dark currents associated with near foom temperature operation of photoconductive detectors and two, the limitations of surface morphology of lead salt substrate materials. To address these technical challenges, we have developed an ROIC which operates very well with the high dark current of these devices and have developed a concept for detector pixel integration called balanced differential input (BDI). The BDI concept effectively nulls out a significant portion of the dark current before the ROIC input stage. With the develop[ment of the BDI device we have successfully addressed the issue of ROIC dynamic rannge. The BDI detector is comprised of two elements within a single unit cell. One cell is, in effect, "blind" and the other an active cell. the biasing scheme allows for equal and opposite dark currents. By combiming the currents at the input circuit, the integrating capacitor will need to store the difference between the light and dark currents. Besides the advantage of significantly lowering the milirtary system cost for MWIR sensors the commercial benefits are substantial. The concept should reduuce, for example, the cost of a MWIR camera for firefighter protection by a factor of two to under $10K. The potential for spectroscopy and remote sensing applications are boudless. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
50 Mall Road Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-3388
Mr. Herbert Landau NAVY 01-133 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Maritime Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR) and Space Exploitation |
| Abstract: | Maritime Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) has been proven critical to national defense. Currently, E-2C, S-3B, P-3C and EP-3 aircraft are used to support the Navy's ISR primary missions. Desires to utilize UAVs have significantly enabled platform advances, but still demand the development of small low cost, lower power ISR payloads. ALPHATECH and NAVSYS propose to integrate ALPHATECH's Tracking Technology Product (TTP) with NAVSYS' GPS-based Bistatic Sensor, resulting in a Maritime target detection and tracking capability. This system exploits the signal environment originating from the existing spaced based GPS constellation and can directly take advantage of anticipated GPS upgrades. The system offers a low cost, low power and inconspicuous ISR solution for Maritime applications. The proposed architecture leverages advances in NAVSYS GPS electronics and ALPHATECH multiple hypothesis tracking (MHT) technology. ALPHATECH and NAVSYS will evolve the NAVSYS High Gain Advanced GPS Receiver (HAGR) into a Maritime Detection, Tracking and Classification system by designing scanning strategies / RADAR modes, a Sensor Report Generator and a target tracker / classifier. The combined system provides maximal processing gains that are both coherent and incoherent via the track before detect algorithms. These processing gains extend the system range and the detectable target set. The proposed technology will help provide USN surface situation awareness and support tracking and engagement of surface targets in the littoral region. Commercial and military applications include maritime surveillance and reconnaissance, law enforcement for smuggling or illegal fishing activities, passive monitoring from UAVs or unattended ground sensors and collecting data for oceanography and digital mapping. |
| ARETE ASSOC.
P.O. Box 6024 Sherman Oaks, CA 91413 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 413-0290
Dr. Charles Forsyth NAVY 01-133 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Maritime Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR) and Space Exploitation |
| Abstract: | The goal of this Phase I SBIR is to define a unified Maritime ISR processor suitable for use on the GLOBAL HAWK platform. The Phase I effort will adapt and integrate algorithms developed under a variety of Navy programs, that are suitable for using with an imaging EO sensor on a long-duration platform for this mission. These algorithms rely extensively on space-time processing to detect, enhance and/or characterize the individual elements that make up the complex scene, with which the Maritime ISR processor must contend. This notional processor will be evaluated with the existing GLOBAL HAWK EO package. If found to be inadequate due to sensor limitations, an upgrade to the EO package will be defined and the resultant improvements to the Maritime ISR mission with this upgraded package will be evaluated. If succesul, this Phase I SBIR will provide a roadmap for the use of GLOBAL HAWK in performing the Navy's ISR mission. |
| DANIEL H. WAGNER, ASSOC., INC.
40 Lloyd Avenue, Suite 200 Malvern, PA 19355 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 727-7700
Dr. W. Reynolds Monach NAVY 01-133 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Maritime Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR) and Space Exploitation |
| Abstract: | Daniel H. Wagner Associates, Inc. will develop a prototype Non-Gaussian Data Fusion System (NGDFS) that will accurately fuse all of the information available from large numbers of sensors using non-Gaussian and multiple hypothesis techniques along with computer resource optimization algorithms and high-performance, inexpensive, hardware to allow this computationally intensive data fusion process to take place in near-real-time. NGDFS will utilize the non-Gaussian tracking information when determining the likelihood that a contact is associated with a particular target, and will also produce target tracks that are as high quality as possible given the available data. NGDFS will process data from passive and active acoustic systems used in both traditional monostatic and bistatic modes. It will also process data from traditional non-acoustic systems such as radar as well as emerging non-acoustic systems such as wake detectors. We will quantitatively analyze the performance of NGDFS in our Decision Support System Testbed (DSST), using hundreds of simulated targets and hundreds of simulated acoustic and non-acoustic sensors. This analysis will measure the distance between the NGDFS Situation Awareness (SA) picture and ground truth, using operationally oriented and honesty inducing metrics and measure the improvement in data fusion performance as a function of computer resources. The prototype NGDFS will allow us to demonstrate how advanced data fusion techniques can significantly improve the ability of United States forces to conduct surveillance against threat submarines, surface ships, and aircraft. Improved correlation and tracking technologies such as these are particularly necessary at a time when the United States is facing sophisticated submarine, surface, and air threats in the much more difficult littoral environment with reduced resources. |
| ORINCON CORP.
9363 Towne Centre Drive San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 455-5530
Mr. Eric J. Tollefson NAVY 01-133 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Integrated Multiple Hypothesis Nonlinear Tracking |
| Abstract: | This proposal focuses on bringing together the NodeStar tracker (developed by METRON) and the Adaptive Sensor Fusion Multihypothesis Tracker (ASF-MHT) (developed by ORINCON) in a way that takes advantage of the best features of each to produce the most effective and practical system for data fusion and tracking. Significant research issues must be addressed to accomplish this goal. We will address these issues during the Phase I effort by developing an integrated MHT, Gaussian sum EKF, and Monte Carlo particle tracker that will serve as a testbed for research and development. We will develop and evaluate multiple approaches to approximating nonlinear likelihood functions with Gaussian sums. We will develop Gaussian sum conversion techniques that determine the number of terms in the Gaussian sum, the location of the means, and the covariances, and using the integrated testbed, we will compare the accuracy and speed of the Gaussian sum conversion techniques with the accuracy and speed of the Monte Carlo particle tracker. We will compare Gaussian sum extended Kalman filtering results to Monte Carlo particle filter results over an initial set of scenarios. We will compare the accuracy of posterior distributions and computation time. We expect that this effort will result in practical implementation of a superior data fusion and tracking system that will be the standard against which other such systems will be compared. It will provide the speed and accuracy required to significantly improve the Fleet's capability to solve difficult problems in C4ISR, including close encounter, log likelihood tracking, and a broad approach to track-before-detect capabilities. While the immediate application is to provide the highest quality data fusion and tracking system to the Navy for tactical use, the techniques developed will be applicable to a wide range of data fusion and tracking problems both in the military and civilian markets, including Integrated ASW, the Advanced Rapid COTS Insertion (ARCI) program, and the Advanced Processor Build-Tactical (APB-T). |
| ADEPT SYSTEMS, INC.
21271 Waycross Drive Boca Raton, FL 33428 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(561) 487-6894
Dr. Samuel Smith NAVY 01-134 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Component Level, Multimedia communication technology for survivability |
| Abstract: | A detailed feasibility study of the most viable options for RF dual mode communications for enhanced survivability will be conducted. Three major configurations will be investigated and compared. Adept has developed a network analysis tool for survivable topologies that will be used to perform a survivability-cost-performance tradeoff between the different configurations. The feasibility of the best approach will be demonstrated. Existing capability in will be highly leveraged. Enhanced survivability for component level automation infrastructure. Enhanced reliability for commercial applications. |
| ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
9971 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 829-5864
Mr. Jordan C. Bonney NAVY 01-134 Awarded: 28NOV01 |
| Title: | WIRL: Wireless Integrated Routing Link |
| Abstract: | This proposal suggests a fault-tolerant communication that uses a wired primary network and a wireless backup network. The Wireless Integrated Routing Link, or WIRL, is independent of specific hardware and can be applied to a number of environments. WIRL provides fault detection on the primary network, switchover to the wireless backup network, multi-hop routing through the wireless network, and wireless-route optimization. WIRL is initially designed for Ethernet/IP environments where no modification of application source code or the network device drivers is necessary, i.e., WIRL is a transparent fault-tolerance module. Extensions for ANSI/EIA 709.x LonTalk networks are provided. In Phase I, a detailed WIRL design will be developed, modeling and simulation will be performed to determine feasibility, and a demonstration of the fault-detection mechanism will be provided. WIRL can be applied to numerous high-availability environments including Navy ships, general maritime applications, nuclear-power generation, and air-traffic control applications. Since WIRL is a transparent fault-tolerance module, it can be easily integrated into existing systems to provide communications fault tolerance. Commercial applications include direct integration into Navy command and control environments as well as any civilian application where a transparent fault-tolerance module is needed. |
| VAXIN, INC.
500 Beacon Parkway West Birmingham, AL 35209 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(205) 934-6979
Dr. Felix Siegel NAVY 01-135 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Boost-Phase Sub-Unit Vaccine Development for Binary Vaccines Against Infectious Diseases and Biological Warfare Agents |
| Abstract: | Malaria is a serious threat to people including military personal in endemic areas. So far no prophylactic vaccine is available. The aim of this study is to develop a powerful prime/boost vaccination protocol against malaria using DNA vaccines to prime the immune system and recombinant adenovirus vectors to boost it. The hypothesis is that topical application of adenovirus vectors will strengthen the cellular and humoral immune responses induced by DNA vaccines. The intranasal inoculation of adenovirus is supposed to specifically boost the humoral immune response primed by DNA vaccines. Adenovirus vectors have a good safety record. Adenovirus itself is ubiquitous without causing serious health problems. Adenovirus has also been used in extensive vaccination programs without problems. The vectors are replication incompetent and the amount of vector introduced is far below the toxic level. In these studies, we will evaluate prime/boost protocols using adenovirus vectors to develop a prophylactic vaccine against malaria. We will also compare the protocols developed in this proposal to their counterparts using intramuscular injected DNA vaccines. The line of investigation proposed herein may allow the development of efficacious and safe vaccination protocols against malaria infection and may serve as a useful platform technology for other infectious diseases. The DNA-based prime/boost vaccine as proposed in these studies could arrive as the first prophylactic vaccine against malaria infection if its efficacy and safety should appear superior to other methods. People living in endemic areas, military personal deployed to the tropics and subtropics and travelers would greatly benefit from an effective malaria vaccine. The platform technology may be used against other infectious diseases as well. |
| TRIDENT SYSTEMS, INC.
10201 Lee Highway, Suite 300 Fairfax, VA 22030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 267-2313
Mr. Charles Hsu NAVY 01-136 Awarded: 03DEC01 |
| Title: | Digital Cellular-Phone Transceiver-based Foliage Penetration Interferometric SAR for EO/IR Sensor Fusion ATR |
| Abstract: | In order to develop a cost-effective Foliage Penetration Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (FOPEN IFSAR) system for terrain map navigation and ATR UAV applications using dual-frequency digital cellular-phone transceiver COTS components, this project requires a thorough background in the state-of-the-art approaches to the FOPEN SAR process and a deep understanding of FOPEN IFSAR operations including transmission range, processing speed, power consumption and imagery resolution. Of special note, a highly efficient one-path-fly, bi-static IFSAR algorithm with Stokes polarization vector information is very significant in providing RF signatures and terrain height for location IDs (knowing terrain contour map info stored in the flight data basis). The design of the efficient FOPEN IFSAR algorithm includes integration with a pipelined digital FOPEN SAR processor, a FOPEN SAR array architecture, and development of a digital beam former. Trident will leverage our extensive development experience with FOPEN SAR digital processors, as well as in systems integration and design, to develop an innovative, yet practical, FOPEN IFSAR system solution. Our approach will provide system and component design of digital FOPEN IFSAR at UHF & VHF dual frequencies in order to meet the requirements of a low-cost device capable of UAV targeting and navigation. The successful completion of this project will have a number of potential commercial applications. Law enforcement agencies require high dynamic range and inexpensive FOPEN radar for ground surveillance. Trident also has transition plans for the NAVY UAV project, police enforcement, drug enforcement agencies, NASA resource management, and forest fire fighting. |
| 21ST CENTURY SYSTEMS, INC.
427 South 166th Street Omaha, NE 68118 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(402) 384-9893
Dr. Plamen V. Petrov NAVY 01-137 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Expeditionary Logistics |
| Abstract: | 21st Century Systems, Inc. proposes to research and realize an agent-based decision support system for logistics and maintenance operations. We will use a highly innovative hybrid Bayesian/differential game modeling approach to tackle this problem. The resulting theory and technology will facilitate logistics and maintenance operations by addressing such practical problems as tradeoff evaluation for onboard sparing and prepostioned replenishments, predictive failure analysis for corrective maintenance actions, and real-time reevaluation and adjustment of logistics planning packages. 21st Century Systems, Inc. fully expects this effort to culminate in both substantial new applied theory and in a revolutionary advancement in the way computers are used to solve shipboard logistic support planning. We plan to transition this work through incorporating the resulting decision support under uncertainty into our Advanced Battlestation/Decision Support System (ABS/DSS) work under PEO Carriers and ONR funding in collaboration with NSWCPHDDN and NUSC-Keyport, and transitioning aboard the USS LINCOLN (CVN-72). Decision support under uncertainty will also be of significant utility in our work for the USAF Space Missile Center (decision support for SBIRS-LOW surveillance satellite operators) and other USN, USAF and DOD projects. Many commercial applications would benefit strongly from the use of agent-based decisions support under uncertainty and the Bayesian-differential game theory modeling approach: power plants, automated, flexible manufacturing factories, intelligent transportation and communications, air traffic control, space exploration, financial trading (traditional and online) and others. Beyond the command and control applications, transition of the agent and decision support under uncertainty too will be of a very significant potential. Agents in particular have wide potential applicability to just about every industry, which involves humans in the loop (including the consumer sector). 21st Century Systems, Inc. is very well qualified to pursue this work. The proposed 21st Century Systems, Inc.-CALTECH-UNO-USSTRATCOM team includes experts in software, agents and systems (Drs. Petrov and Stoyen), large project integration and military systems (Mr. Flanagan, Drs. Petrov and Stoyen), Bayesian probability, game theory and applied mathematical software (Drs. Asparouhov and Zhu) and an active duty submariner pursuing a Ph.D. in CS with specialization in Decision Support Systems (LCDR Hicks, working for 21st Century Systems, Inc. under permission from the USN and USSTRATCOM). 21st Century Systems, Inc. and its personnel have a strong record in Navy- and DOD-pertinent R&D. In addition to the delivery of the core Logistics DSS product, there is a very high potential for transition to commercial products. Our first commercial product with high potential is an application of the Logistics DSS technology to airline operations and scheduling. Another potential commercial product is a logistics tool for public safety teams such as a SWAT on assignment and training. The problem of processing, analyzing, scheduling large amounts of data and events is common to many industries, such as transpotation, financial, manufacturing, etc. Thus our core DSS technologies can be successfully applied to those problems, resulting in numerous commercial applications. |
| SONOMA DESIGN GROUP
400 Breezewood Dr. Geyserville, CA 95441 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(707) 857-2010
Mr. Allan Voigt NAVY 01-138 Awarded: 03DEC01 |
| Title: | A Self-Contained Solar Radiation Measurement Package for an Aircraft |
| Abstract: | Sonoma Design Group proposes to design a rugged, highly stable, stand-alone instrument package for measuring solar fluxes and optical depth from an airborne platform. This system will consist of a highly stabilized platform using a fiber optic gyro (FOG)-based inertial navigation system (INS). This platform houses sensors such as photometers and radiometers and includes mounting hardware. To reduce design and recurring production costs, we will integrate commercial products into the design where appropriate. The result will be a very capable, reusable platform that will significantly reduce the cost of payload experiments. This self-contained system will also increase aerial platform flexibility, making the instrument package applicable to aircraft with indicated airspeeds as high as 450 knots. During the course of the Phase I effort we will be working with industry experts to verify sensor selection and applicability. The work will culminate with a concept design and preliminary layout for a complete, stand-alone integrated data collection system This stand-alone instrumentation package fills a general need for atmospheric research and monitoring programs. This system uses an elegant and robust design to achieve gimbal stability, hence enhanced sensor performance. It provides a stabilized housing that readily accepts varied sensors and instruments. Stabilizing aircraft jitter from the sensors enables focused data reduction effort, thus reducing time, aircraft and manpower requirements. This system will be useful on a variety of UAVs and manned aircraft with different indicated air speeds of up to 450 knots and altitudes of over 65,000. It will have growth for future ultra high altitude aircraft. Substantial cost savings will be realized from fielding these systems by focusing manpower efforts and increasing sensor and aircraft flexibility. |
| CONTINENTAL CONTROLS & DESIGN, INC.
1921 N. Gaffey Suite J San Pedro, CA 90731 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 831-8669
Mr. James P. Hynes Jr. NAVY 01-139 Awarded: 28NOV01 |
| Title: | Smart Low Altitude Platform for Atmospheric Measurements from a Research Aircraft |
| Abstract: | asdIn this project we develop a smart platform which can be towed behind a variety of aircraft. This platform system automatically flies at any commanded height above the sea surface, down to a few meters, over a wide range of tow speeds. A stabilized smart instrument package opens up a number of possibilities to answer fundamental operational and research questions about the surface flow over the ocean. Instead of reinventing the wheel, we will start with a proven tow platform, the Meggit Southwest Aerospace TLX sea skimming towed target and launch system. With Meggit's help we will convert it from its design role as a 200 to 300 knot, signature enhanced target into a low speed atmospheric instrument carrier by increasing the wingspan, enhancing the altitude hold autopilot, and redesigning the communication and power systems for shorter trailback and increased bandwidth. Benefits to researchers and to research monitoring programs are inherent in the objective of the proposed effort. Commercial applications include oil spill assessment and mineralogical assessment. |
| ZIVKO AERONAUTICS, INC.
502 Airport Road, Hangar 11 Guthrie, OK 73044 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(405) 282-1330
Mr. Christopher Todd Morse NAVY 01-139 Awarded: 03DEC01 |
| Title: | Smart Low Altitude Platform for Atmospheric Measurements from a Research Aircraft |
| Abstract: | Low altitude air sampling is of critical importance to oceanographic and atmospheric research. Most current research aircraft are unable to fly as low as desired (below 30 meters) due to safety concerns. Those aircraft capable of flying at very low altitudes are typically smaller and unable to provide real-time display of the sampled data, or carry multiple scientists capable of interpreting that data and adjusting flight plans accordingly. Additionally, it would be advantageous to be able to simultaneously sample air conditions at multiple altitudes. This Project will develop a tow-behind platform capable of housing atmospheric sampling instrumentation and maintaining an accurate altitude below 30 meters. The data from the instrumentation will be sent real-time to the host aircraft and displayed/stored on a computer system. Additional instrumentation on the host vehicle will allow for simultaneous multiple altitude sampling. Full control of the tow-behind platform will be available from within the host airframe. In Phase I the complete system will be designed including the towed vehicle structure, reeling system, instrumentation package, data transmission system and active altitude control system. Phase I Option would see the fabrication of all master plugs and molds required for the construction of the composite towed vehicle body. Numerous military and scientific aircraft are currently performing atmospheric sampling and are incapable of extremely low level flight. The functionality of these aircraft could be greatly expanded with the addition of a smart, low altitude, tow-behind vehicle equipped with atmospheric sampling instrumentation. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4118
Mr. Thomas Tiano NAVY 01-140 Awarded: 18JAN02 |
| Title: | Advanced Processing Techniques for Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes for EMI Shielding of Naval Aviation Optical Materials |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to prove the feasibility of developing electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding based on single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) for naval aviation optical materials. While SWNTs have excellent electrical and mechanical properties, it is only through specialized processing techniques that viable EMI shielding can be made for aviation optical materials. Foster-Miller will utilize novel dispersion and alignment techniques to construct arrays of very fine lines of aligned SWNTs. Utilizing SWNT arrays allows the manufacture of very small lines of SWNT ropes with diameters of 10 to 100 nanometers. These thin line sizes would be much smaller than typical conventional screen wires and therefore have higher transparency in the optical and infrared pass bands. They will provide extremely low obscuration while being very easy to incorporate into a multi-layer window structure and the spacing in the array can be easily tailored. The novel alignment technique overcomes typical geometry problems, such as those encountered with grid appliques, by allowing deposition in varying shapes and curvatures. The process is readily scaleable and has the highest probability for manufacturing very high transmission materials whose properties can be tailored for the specific application. (P-010746) Development of EMI shielding for aviation optical materials utilizing carbon nanotubes will increase optical/IR transmission while at the same time increasing microwave reflection. This technology will benefit both military and commercial aircraft by increasing both the effectiveness and safety of these systems while allowing the EMI shielding to be incorporated into presently used optical materials. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Mr. Bob Mojazza NAVY 01-140 Awarded: 18JAN02 |
| Title: | CNT Polymer Composites for Optical & IR Transparent |
| Abstract: | Triton team is responding to the Navy need for EMI shielding of both optical and IR transmitting transparencies, by proposing to develop carbon nanotubes (CNT) polymer composite coatings. For IR transparent EMI shielding we will disperse CNTs in sol-gel derived conducting inorganic polymers; for optically transparent EMI shielding we propose to disperse functionalized CNTs into conductive organic polymers, in both cases to achieve low electrical resistance (10 ohm/sq) with ~ 90 % transmissions. We base this Proposal on Triton's successful experience in coating Navy polycarbonate windshields for anti-abrasion and anti-reflection, and in coating IR transmissive ALON flats with index matching polymers, combined with Triton team member nationally recognized leadership in the development of functionalized CNTs, dispersed in both inorganic and organic conductive layers. In Phase I we will demonstrate transmissive CNT conductive layers for both windshields and IR windows. In Phase II, we will work with the Navy on specific optical or IR transmissive sub-systems and will fabricate coupons and/or subsystem components that will be tested for viability as new-generation transmissive EMI shielding materials. Triton is intending to develop innovative coatings that are readily deployable onto a variety of substrate materials, which can be used for EMI shielding of canopies and IR windows. The innovation discussed in this proposal will allow for coatings that can be coated onto substrate without any impedance to the operation of the aircraft. The coatings can also be incorporated onto other armed forces aviation optical materials. Combing all of the armed forces aviation optical materials, there is a large potential market for the innovative EMI shielding coatings. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Shui Lin Chao NAVY 01-141 Awarded: 18JAN02 |
| Title: | Hand-Held Hemispherical-Dome Emissivity and Reflectance Sensor |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new hand held Hemispherical-dome Emissivity And Reflectance (HEAR) sensor to measure both integrated and bi-directional angular reflectance of installed materials on curved and flat surfaces. HEAR continuously maps reflectance in terms of both direction and spectrum. It is a new design with unique integration of several commercially available components: a fiber-delivered portable broadband radiation source, a miniature hemispherical dome with distributed multi-channel hollow fiber detector outlets, a new compact stacked Rowland spectrometer with multiple layers of hollow waveguides to generate spectrally resolvable reflectance, an uncooled detector array to detect the IR spectrum for each angle, and new software to transform the linear detector array signals to 3-D hemispherical plots and compute the surface emissivity and reflectivity. This accurate, compact, portable, lightweight measurement device will lead to a new generation of miniaturized reflectance/emissivity sensors. It can be operated with a PC in the field, and will detect reflectance/emissivity on curved surfaces in the naval environment. In Phase I, we will develop the concept of this miniaturized reflectance/emissivity sensor for field use without surface curvature limitations. In Phase II we will fully develop the sensor and build an adaptable, portable model. The portable HEAR sensor for measuring infrared properties will find many commercial applications, including industrial furnace maintenance and manufacturing, where it is important to monitor durability at high temperature; thermal control for the aerospace industry, supersonic and hypersonic aircrafts and spacecraft development, where efficient radiation is necessary for cooling at large Mach numbers and high altitudes; vehicle, ship, and target signature analysis for laser radar; surface quality control for finished products - toys, foods, and other goods; coating/paint durability prediction for the paint industry; development of low or high emissivity paints/coatings; image recognition for robots; signature simulation of artificial targets; and evaluation of biological tissues for diagnosis under selected spectral radiation. |
| SURFACE OPTICS CORP.
11555 Rancho Bernardo Road San Diego, CA 92127 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 675-7404
Dr. M. Martin Szczesniak NAVY 01-141 Awarded: 18JAN02 |
| Title: | Portable Emissivity / Reflectometer for Measurements on Curved Surfaces |
| Abstract: | This effort will first recognize the broad requirements based on the physical and optical properties of objects identified by the Navy. The design of the instrument requires full understanding of the shapes of the objects, optical and spectroscopic properties of the coating materials, and their sensitivity to heat. This part will be conducted in close collaboration with the Navy. The next step will be to apply the knowledge gained to evaluate the reflectometers currently available from Surface Optics Corporation. Surface Optics developed two portable instruments which measure reflectance: the SOC 600, which measures BRDF and the SOC 400T, which measures directional reflectance. The SOC 400T is a prototype, which was built for and delivered to NASA. For reasons discussed further we believe that the SOC 400T can become a starting point for the development of the desired instrument. The development will be done in close collaboration with the Navy and will strictly implement the conclusions of the established comprehensive Navy requirements. If the general concept of measuring directional reflectance applied in the SOC 400T is acceptable, then it can be implemented in two possible ways. It can be developed into another accessory for the SOC 400 FTIR reflectometer, or as an accessory for possibly a more rugged and smaller spectrometer with compromised spectral resolution and sensitivity. The emissivity measurement tool has a broad potential commercial market value. Development of a commercial directional reflectance measurement and emissivity prodiction device will provide a tool for field assessment of optical properties of paints and coatings. This universal tool will work on flat and curved surfaces. Further commercialized devices will be directly applicable in the field of energy conservation, radiative process optimization, and for corrections in spectral imaging related to remote sensing in military, geological and environmental work. |
| EIC LABORATORIES, INC.
111 Downey Street Norwood, MA 02062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 769-9450
Dr. Stuart F. Cogan NAVY 01-142 Awarded: 18JAN02 |
| Title: | High-Speed RF Switch for EMI Shielding |
| Abstract: | The development of fast-switching coatings and devices for broadband (2-18 GHz) transmission modulation of RF radiation is proposed. The modulation is obtained with intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) that are switched between microwave transmitting and opaque states by controlling the oxidation state of the ICP. The primary RF switching elements will be thin-films of conductive polymers formed by electrochemical deposition on patterned, metallized substrates. The switches will be fabricated in device structures that employ polymeric ion conductors and highly reversible charge-balancing counterelectrodes that are essential for reliable, multicycle performance. The Phase I program will demonstrate the fabrication of small devices suitable for characterization of RF transmission modulation in waveguide instrumentation. Optimization of device performance and durability through control of morphology, density, and composition of the conductive polymer film will be demonstrated. Devices will be challenged by thermal cycling, thermal shock, mechanical stress, and salt spray (ASTM B117) exposure. The Phase II effort would focus on transition of the coatings to substrate materials and geometries suitable for the subsystems relevant to the Navy. Methods for fabricating the devices on substrates with compound curvature and strategies for obtaining rapid switching in large-area applications are proposed. Conductive polymer switches have applications in current and emerging weapons systems for EMI shielding of antennas, communications devices, and power storage devices. Conductive polymer switches have significant private sector potential in commercial aviation, in shielding for consumer electronics, and in communications devices. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Dr. John D. Lennhoff NAVY 01-142 Awarded: 18JAN02 |
| Title: | Rapid RF Switching Conducting Polymers |
| Abstract: | Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to further develop its conductive polymer (CP) ink jet printing technology for application to microwave shutter construction. The working electrode switchable polymer element of microwave shutters is typically deposited using electrochemical techniques which produces a coating that has poor uniformity resulting in less than optimum transmission loss, contrast and switching speed. Using PSI technology developed for the fabrication of chemical sensors, an inkjet printed interdigital deposition of CP can be produced with exceptional uniformity and edge definition. The counter electrode and polymer electrolyte can also be applied using the ink jet technology, providing a complete, scalable manufacturing solution to the current microwave shutter construction difficulties. Additionally, PSI's experience with high performance materials will result in a package with environmentally stable construction. On the proposed Phase I program, PSI will demonstrate enhanced single electrode performance. On a Phase I Option, PSI will construct a solid state RF shutter using the material developed on Phase I. The ink jet printing of CP has been extensively described as an emerging method for fabricating circuit boards, inexpensive electronic circuits, and flat panel displays. This program would further develop both the ink jet printing technology and the CP materials required for advanced applications. |
| IPITEK
2330 Faraday Avenue Carlsbad, CA 92008 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 930-2220
Dr. David Schaafsma NAVY 01-143 Awarded: 18JAN02 |
| Title: | IR Signature Measurement Using Neural Spectroscopy (PR01-480) |
| Abstract: | This proposal addresses the need for fast, rugged, portable, and highly automated coating assessment for military and aerospace vehicles. Spectroscopic identification and quantification of emissivity variations induced by coating degradation is perhaps the most versatile and unambiguous method to achieve this goal, but these systems are often plagued by complex data interpretation requirements. One solution which has not been implemented for this type of work in the mid-IR is neural spectroscopy, where component features in aggregate spectra can be isolated and identified using properly trained neural nets. The proposed development will result in a very flexible automated analysis tool for chemical processes which exhibit spectral features in the mid-IR, which encompasses an extraordinarily broad class of applications. We envision applications of this product development in the materials, pharmaceutical, semiconductor, and petrochemical industries and currently do business with several potential customers. The proposed product will complement our existing line of temperature measurement equipment quite well. |
| MILLENNIUM ENGINEERING & INTEGRATION CO.
2231 Crystal Dr., Suite 711 Arlington, VA 22202 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 927-8305
Dr. E. James Bevan NAVY 01-143 Awarded: 18JAN02 |
| Title: | Compact, Digital Man-Portable Infrared (IR) Measurement Device |
| Abstract: | This proposal presents an opportunity to develop a compact, hand-held radiometric measurement device that is capable of measuring the InfraRed (IR) Signatures of military vehicles in terms of their surface temperature and emissivity distributions, based upon 2-color radiometric and supporting measurements. Current IR imaging devices are not capable of characterizing the intrinsic radiometric properties of vehicles that are needed to understand the root causes of IR signature degradation. IR stealth is achieved by a complex combination of measures that range from insulation to low-emissivity coatings, so the IR signature of an integrated vehicle must be measured in operational circumstances for purposes of verification and continued monitoring as the vehicle ages. If signature anomalies are detected, insight into the degradation mechanisms is required to support identification and implementation of remedial action. The proposed 2-color IR measurement device provides such insight by providing the distributions of surface temperature and emissivity over target vehicles, thereby isolating the root causes of signature degradation or anomalies. The proposed Phase 1 effort will define the device requirements and CONOPS (Concept of Operations), as well as the design to be prototyped in Phase II. The primary benefit of the proposed effort will be development of a hand-held device the Navy can use to quantitatively measure the IR signatures of its own aircraft and surface vehicles as well as uncooperative airborne or surface vehicles. Since the proposed device will provide the temperature and emissivity distributions of observed vehicles, insight is provided as to the primary contributors to overall signature. The hand-held 2-color IR Measurement Device will certainly be of interest to the other military services as well. Potential commercial applications include non-intrusive measurement of semiconductor wafer temperature distributions during rapid thermal processing, accurate measurement of melt temperatures in the presence of emissivity-altering slag, and measurement of billet temperatures in the presence of emissivity-altering nonuniform oxidation. Many other manufacturing process applications can be identified wherein accurate temperature measurement is a prerequisite for high-yield process control. |
| ADIABATICS, INC.
3385 Commerce Drive Columbus, IN 47201 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(812) 372-5052
Mr. Melvin Woods NAVY 01-144 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Small Diesel Engines, JP5 / JP8 Fueled |
| Abstract: | A small engine concept is being proposed for a 0.25 cid two-stroke commercially available engine that will allow the elimination of volatile fuel additives and lubricating oil. The concept will lead to fuel consumption improvements and increases in power density in heavy-fueled small bore homogeneous compression ignited engines. The concept includes the use of solid lubrication coatings and thermal barrier coatings applied to a engine. Thermal barrier coating applicable to Aluminum surfaces have been developed by Adiabatics, Inc. and will be applied to the combustion chamber surfaces to retain heat of compression. The use of increased compression ratio, thermal insulation and a glow plug will provide the conditions for compression ignition and combustion. Coating technology that is low-cost and conducive to high volume production has been identified for applications to the critical components such as the main bearings, piston skirt, crankshaft rod pin, piston wrist pin and the cylinder liner bore. In addition, the use of technologies such as exhaust port tuning, exhaust gas recirculation and fuel pre-heating are expected to complement combustion improvements. The Phase I option will investigate a low cost lightweight fuel injection system and optimize hot combustion chamber design. Upon completion of this project a small high speed 2-stroke model aircraft engine will be available that will be capable of running on fuels such as JP5/JP8 and not require addition of volatile ethers or lubricating oils that cause emissions problems. This project will also lay the grounds for further identified advances in improving combustion efficiency and power density. |
| ADVANCED CERAMICS RESEARCH, INC.
3292 E. Hemisphere Loop Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 573-6300
Mr. Anthony Mulligan NAVY 01-144 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Small Diesel Engines, JP5 / JP8 Fueled |
| Abstract: | The goal of this proposed Navy SBIR project is to optimize, analyze, design, build and test a high efficiency 2 cycle ceramic engine that will run on JP-5 fuel and weigh less than 10 ounces while burning less than 1.0 lbs of fuel per hour. The engine will incorporate a ceramic piston, cylinder, and head to permit high temperature operation without cooling to effectively burn this heavy fuel. In addition the ceramics will virtually eliminate the need for lubricants to be mixed in the fuel as is typical with commercially available 2 cycle motors. Commercial markets include application in SWARM UAV's, small gas powered landscaping tools, model airplane industry, go-carts and mini-bikes. |
| ADVANCED CERAMICS RESEARCH, INC.
3292 E. Hemisphere Loop Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 573-6300
Mr. Anthony Mulligan NAVY 01-144 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Small Diesel Engines, JP5 / JP8 Fueled |
| Abstract: | The goal of this proposed Navy SBIR project is to optimize, analyze, design, build and test a novel 0.5 horsepower engine that will run on JP-5 fuel and weigh less than 10 ounces while burning less than 0.5 lbs of fuel per hour. The proposed engine is a four-stroke cycle Rand Cam Diesel engine utilizing continuous injection and combustion in a single combustion chamber. The engine will be of all ceramic construction to permit high temperature operation without cooling to effectively burn this heavy fuel. This new Rand Cam Diesel engine will be used for powering the Navy's new low cost SWARM Unmanned Ariel Vehicle. Phase II will continue the development of the engine to demonstrate a specifice fuel consumption of less than 0.8 lbs/hp-hr (at sea level) at a specific output of >1.8 hp/cid. Phase II will also demonstrate uninterrupted endurance to 48 hours. Phase II will also develop a larger engine design based on Phase I work. Phase III will set up manufacturing operations on a Native American Reservation located in southern Arizona. Commercial markets include application in SWARM UAV's, small gas powered landscaping tools, model airplane industry, go-carts and mini-bikes. |
| D-STAR ENGINEERING CORP.
4 Armstrong Rd. Shelton, CT 06484 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 925-7630
Mr. S. Paul Dev NAVY 01-144 Selected for Award |
| Title: | 0.25 cu. in. / 0.5 hp Micro-Diesel Engine using technologies demonstrated on 0.050 cu. in. / 0.1 hp micro-diesel engine |
| Abstract: | D-STAR will develop a 0.250 cu. in. displacement Micro-Diesel Engine to make 0.5 hp using JP-8 fuel. It is based on a 0.050 cu. in. engine recently demonstrated by D-STAR under a DARPA program with additional support from Army and Navy OST. The 0.050 engines have been run for 60+ hours, and have produced 0.1 hp at 15,000 rpm on JP-8 fuel. The engines use no volatile additives (such as ether or amyl nitrate), and use only 0.5% oil (compared to 15+% oil on COTS model airplane engines). The 0.050 micro-diesels also make more power and have 6 to 12 dB lower noise than COTS engines. The proposed 0.250 cu. in. engine will use technologies from the 0.050 engine (discussed later in this proposal), but will be a clean-sheet-of-paper design to ensure success and achieve optimum performance by the end of Phase II. The proposed Phase I objectives are discussions with Navy sponsors, preliminary experiments with COTS engines, modifications to COTS engines and exploratory operation with JP-8 fuel, development of a cold-starting system, and definition of Phase II plans for a clean-sheet-of-paper JP-8 fueled engine. A Phase I Option is to engage in risk reduction efforts for Phase II. The mini-diesel engine would be an ideal power source for UAVs. Potential commercial applications include use by hobbyists, sports equipment, micro-generator sets to charge batteries for laptops and other small equipment, and as the power source for small, personal hybrid-electric vehicles such as intra-city mopeds / scooters. |
| DAVIS DIESEL DEVELOPMENT CORP.
132 Pepe's Farm Road Milford, CT 06460 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 877-1670
Mr. Robert Davis NAVY 01-144 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Small Diesel Engines, JP5 / JP8 Fueled |
| Abstract: | For brevity, Davis Diesel Development will be referred to as DDD. DDD was incorporated in 1975. DDD has operated as a commercial enterprise designing, manufacturing, and marketing its many products, chief of which is the miniature hybrid diesel converter for model engines since 1975. DDD's objective is to provide a small heavy fuel capable diesel engine. The performance of which must meet the requirements as outlined in the mission statement. DDD's record of accomplishment and commercial achievement as had a major impact in the field of small hybrid diesel development over these past 26 years. It is reasonable to accept the premise, that if provided adequate funding, as in this SBIR program, a reliable heavy fueled diesel power system would be produced to meet, or even exceed the Navy requirements as stated in the mission statement above. As we have learned, the military and in particular the Navy, has wanted all flammable fuels off of their surface ships for obvious reasons. This in fact was prompted since the gasoline engine powered Pioneer RPV's were first deployed on surface ships many years ago. When the Pioneer aircraft missed the onboard capture net during retrieval, and crashed into the ships superstructure, they sometimes burst into flame. This of course created an intolerable hazard to shipboard personnel and equipment. The Navy has been forced to tolerate this condition all these years due to the lack of work done to convert these gasoline-powered aircraft to heavy fuel. The Army, on the other hand, has wanted a commonality of fuels such as heavy type. Our diesel system when applied to this particular vehicle, or any other like vehicle, would in fact eliminate that hazard while improving performance of the vehicle, in both power, and economy. Another case in point, no pun intended, is the Army Pointer RPV. This simple, reliable, electric aircraft has the typical shortcomings of all battery-powered aircraft, a short time aloft. Dieselize the Pointer, and the flight time would go up five-fold, minimum. Many branches of government need reconnaissance vehicles that can stay aloft for longer periods. The DDD's diesel system as outlined in the proposal can provide this. There is another application for a small heavy fueled diesel that came to our attention years ago, the small generator and battery charger. This would be used to recharge the Army's Abrams tank batteries in the field. There are of course, many applications for small heavy fuel diesel generators for a myriad of applications, too numerous to list here. |
| ENGINE RESEARCH ASSOC., INC.
12108 Burning Tree Rd. Fort Wayne, IN 46845 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(219) 338-1010
Mr. Frederick L. Erickson NAVY 01-144 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Small Diesel Engines, JP5 / JP8 Fueled |
| Abstract: | The objective of this program is to establish a spark ignited engine that will run on heavy fuel (JP-5, JP-8) without the need for volatile additives. This internal combustion engine will demonstrate a high power-to-weight ratio, high fuel efficiency, good durability, cold starting capability and low manufacturing cost. The proposed approach will identify required modifications to the commercial Migrating Combustion Chamber (MCC) full expansion engine for heavy fuel operation. This engine uses only three moving parts, operates on a unique, highly efficient, operating cycle and has a zero pressure, quiet and cool exhaust (without a muffler). This type of engine has already demonstrated excellent performance on zero octane fuel (N-Heptane) and has operated on diesel and JP-8 fuels, under a stabilized operating temperature. The proposed configuration for the Phase I Program will be an MCC SIDE full expansion or PISE self-supercharged version. Offering operation on low octane heavy fuels due to its combustion chamber's unique highly turbulent fast burn characteristics. Computer layout and modeling will supplement the analysis. A base line engine design will be completed, fabricated and tested. Five engine prototypes will be delivered. The successful completion of the program will lead to the evolution of innovative, compact, lightweight, powerful, heavy fuel internal combustion engines that will have the attributes of fuel efficiency, smooth operation and good durability. Applications include model aircraft engines, generators, unmanned vehicles, marine vehicles and numerous other commercial vehicles and equipment. |
| AVIR, L.L.C.
1616 King Mountain Road, P.O.Box 6634 Charlottesville, VA 22906 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(804) 962-7055
Dr. Gabriel Laufer NAVY 01-145 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Passive, Very Low Cost, Light Weight Remote Detector of Chemicals for Expendable Unmanned Air Vehicles |
| Abstract: | A new compact, lightweight, low-cost, modular, infrared remote sensor of chemical weapon agents will be developed for deployment on expandable UAVs. The sensor will depend on new differential absorption radiometer (DAR) technology that will enable detection of multiple species, while nearly perfectly correcting for interferences by atmospheric gases (such as water vapor) and various sources of clutter, including aerosol scattering and variations in source emissivity. A hard-wired signal processing circuitry will provide these corrections by subtraction and normalization at exceptionally low uncertainty of the signals detected by detector pairs. The sensor is projected to achieve sensitivities matching or exceeding existing passive sensors while using low-energy, low cost, uncooled detectors. The simple design and user-friendly output will allow easy telemetry (low data rate requirements). These features will also allow implementation of the sensor for use by untrained personnel in domestic and military applications. When using natural IR emission, the detector will lend itself for packaging as a remote passive sensor or, when combined with an artificial source, as an in-situ sensor (e.g., for protection of public buildings). Unique technology licensed exclusively to Avir will permit the extension of the sensor for imaging and for downwind hazard assessment. The sensor will be first designed for deployment on expandable UAVs. However, its versatility, low cost, simplicity and robustness will allow it to be quickly modified for security applications such as: 1) handheld sensors for military personnel or domestic first responders; 2) stationary sensors for public facilities such as subway stations, airports, or government buildings; 3) airborne applications such as forward looking helicopter avionics; 4) hybridization with existing equipment such as DIAL and Fourier transform spectrometers for large field-of-view and rapid sensing; and more. The sensor can also be packaged for non-security applications such as detection of natural gas leaks, alcohol sensors for law enforcement applications, or electrical fire detection. |
| GRAVITON, INC.
11025 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 200 La Jolla, CA 92037 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 909-2103
Dr. David Baselt NAVY 01-145 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Very Low Cost, Lightweight Detector Technologies for Small, Expendable Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) |
| Abstract: | Graviton proposes to fabricate a Miniaturized Chemical Agent Detector (MCAD) for deployment on UAVs using a microcantilever MEMS based sensor array. The proposed detector could be dramatically smaller, lighter, and less expensive than conventional chemical agent detectors, readily meeting the size, power and cost constraints imposed on payloads for UAVs. The detector utilizes an array of surface micromachined cantilevers, coated with chemoselective coatings optimized for the detection of chemical warfare agents. The Phase I effort will also provide a side-by-side comparison of the Graviton detector system with Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) sensor platforms, coated with the same chemoselective coatings. The MEMS-based microcantilever chemical sensor system proposed here for chemical warfare agent detection on UAVs has very broad relevance in a number of commercial applications. When combined with Graviton's wireless communication technology, these sensors are ideal for monitoring a variety of chemical and physical targets in a distributed system where a premium is placed on early detection of problems. The low cost, low power consumption, small size, and wireless connectivity of this technology is expected to enable penetration of marketspace previously inaccessible to sensor systems. |
| ACCURATE AUTOMATION CORP.
7001 Shallowford Road Chattanooga, TN 37421 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(423) 894-4646
Mr. Aaron Harcrow NAVY 01-146 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Airframe Construction for Small, Expendable Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) |
| Abstract: | Accurate Automation Corporation (AAC) proposes to develop a Precision Molded Foam (PMF) method that combines features of precision molding, foam injection and vacuum bagging. This method promises to be low cost, to be scalable to high production rate, to require very little touch labor for finished parts and to provide a high degree of dimensional precision. With this method, small (<20 pound, 4 foot wingspan), low cost, expendable, Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAV) may be produced to meet the ever increasing need for war fighting operations. This proposed PMF project will result in a military UAV product line, while simultaneously laying the foundations for commercial UAV products. The military product will be directly applicable to the Navy and Marine requirements for small low cost UAVs, with spin-offs to other DoD agencies. The commercial product will be marketed to civilian government agencies; for drug enforcement, border patrol, and police work; and the private security industry. Finally, the PMF technique itself can be used to manufacture structural components for larger aircraft and ground based systems. Given current low cost manufacturing technology, this project is feasible. AAC will leverage its expertise in the design and fabrication of UAVs, and Navy needs to produce a product that will deliver as promised. |
| BRANDEBURY TOOL CO., INC.
4232 Stafford Road Olney, MD 20832 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 774-3059
Mr. William Harvey NAVY 01-146 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Airframe Construction for Small, Expendable Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) |
| Abstract: | In this SBIR effort Brandebury Tool Company,Inc. proposes a method of manufacturing low cost dimensionally accurate airframes. A variety of methods will be used to form thermoplastic materials into expendable UAV components. Tooling design will be directed towards monocoque construction with many subcomponents such as moving surfaces and hinge supports molded in place. The resultant airframes will exhibit high strength to weight ratios and be mass produceable by mechanized means. The base effort will result in four prototype vehicles, the phase 1 option will equip two of the planes with powerplants, radio control gear and test fly. The production method proposed will allow for mass production of UAVs at low unit cost. This type of vehicle will be valuable to the military for training and other missions. The commercial applications for a low cost UAV include law enforcement, marine observation such as fish spotting and commercial media use. |
| ATHENA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
9950 Wakeman Drive Manassas, VA 20110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 331-1051
Dr. Ben Motazed NAVY 01-147 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Very Low Cost Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) Avionics |
| Abstract: | Athena Technologies Inc. (Athena) proposes to develop an affordable, lighweight, and low power INS/GPS integrated flight control system (FCS), hereafter referred to as micro-FCS, capable of guidance, navigation, and control of expendable unmanned air vehicles (UAVs). The proposed approach leverages Athena's expertise in design, fabrication, and operational qualification of our miniaturized GuideStar flight control hardware and our patented and flight-demonstrated Feedback LTI'zation control algorithms. Unlike conventional gain scheduling techniques that require design and testing of tens or hundreds of control design points and switching among each, Feedback LTI'zation uniquely achieves this with the design of only a few design points, valid and stable over the entire flight envelope. This design formulation elegantly produces robust and very small footprint control algorithms, resulting in efficient software maintenance, moderate computational requirements, and overall reduction in software life cycle costs. We believe Athena's expertise in highly-integrated hardware design, combined with the elegance of our flight control algorithms, affords a powerful and innovative solution in producing a new generation of miniaturized and very affordable advanced avionics applicable to a myriad of expendable UAV systems. The future global commerical potential for the micro-FCS in the model airplane market will be enormous, and will allow a larger group of people, with little or no training, the ability to fly hard to fly airplanes and helicopters. Further, small, man-portable, and expendable air vehicles will have a significant role in future reconanaissance operations for military and many law enforcement agencies. |
| CLOUD CAP TECHNOLOGY
PO Box 1500, 8 Fourth Street Hood River, OR 97031 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(541) 387-2120
Mr. Bill Vaglienti NAVY 01-147 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Sophisticated Low Cost Avionics for Expendable Unmanned Aircraft |
| Abstract: | For years Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have failed to deliver on their promise to revolutionize the remote-sensing industry. Their potential for small size and low cost has been offset by the lack of sufficient avionics hardware and software integration resulting in expensive vehicles that are difficult to maintain, and suffer from high rates of attrition. The recent introduction of the Motorola MPC555 automotive processor, with its integrated memory and extensive onboard peripherals, coupled with the latest GPS technology provides the opportunity to finally realize powerful yet inexpensive UAV avionics systems in very small footprints. Cloud Cap Technology has capitalized on these advances with the development of Piccolo, a full-featured yet affordable end user programmable avionics development platform. The next step, the PiccoloLT, is a low cost derivative that trades hardware flexibility and expandability for further reductions in size and cost. PiccoloLT will provide UAV developers with a highly integrated development platform that is small, reliable and inexpensive enough to use on an expendable airplane. Phase I and II development will result in an extremely inexpensive avionics system which is software compatible with our more sophisticated Piccolo system. The primary market niche for PiccoloLT is developers of expendable small unmanned aircraft; in particular the Navy to whom we hope to sell thousands of systems. However PiccoloLT also has application in other markets: 1) Research institutions that need a low cost yet flexible platform for developing research vehicles. Cloud Cap has been in contact with engineers from NASA Dryden Flight Research Center who have a need for low power avionics for small lightweight research UAVs. Their primary requirements are: low cost, high-speed performance, and rapid development tools. 2) Universities with aeronautical and astronautical programs which need development tools and implementation platforms for graduate and senior design courses: The Aeronautics and Astronautics department of the University of Washington has invested a large part of its capstone senior design course in unmanned aircraft development. Their primary requirement is a low cost, flexible avionics solution that can be used by students to develop unmanned aircraft technologies. |
| CONTINENTAL CONTROLS & DESIGN, INC.
1921 N. Gaffey Suite J San Pedro, CA 90731 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 831-8669
Mr. James P. Hynes Jr. NAVY 01-147 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Very Low Cost Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) Avionics |
| Abstract: | asdIn this project we develop an extremely lightweight and inexpensive avionics package for small expendable UAVs. Starting with a proven COTS UAV autopilot, the Micropilot 2000, we squeeze most of its functionality into a lower cost, lower power, more highly integrated microcontroller, the new TI430F149. In another project we are developing a robust 1 cu inch Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) for guided munitions using this controller and a suite of MEMS inertial gyros and accelerometers by Analog Devices. A Honeywell MEMS strapdown magnetometer and pressure sensor are added here to help coast through signal outages due to jamming of the tiny GPS receiver. The desired time of arrival at up to hundreds of waypoints can be loaded into the aircraft before or during flight. We develop an innovative Kalman filter to minimize position drift during GPS outages by exploiting the unique characteristics of a stable UAV that are not available in typical munition based GPS/INS guidance applications. asdThe cost target of this system will put it into a cost area that is viable for model airplane enthusiasts. |
| NAVSYS CORP.
14960 Woodcarver Road Colorado Springs, CO 80921 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 481-4877
Dr. Alison Brown NAVY 01-147 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Very Low Cost Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) Avionics |
| Abstract: | Under this proposed SBIR effort, NAVSYS will develop a miniature, low-cost avionics system suitable for employment in a small, disposable UAV. Leveraging our expertise in GPS/INS integration, this system will enable robust navigation even in a GPS-degraded environment by employing tight coupling of the GPS receiver with the onboard navigation sensors, allowing a low-cost inertial sensor package to be used and still meeting the navigation requirements. We will first perform an analysis to determine the achievable performance of the system with different grades of onboard instrumentation and under varying degrees of GPS degradation. Then, in cooperation with the US Air Force Academy (AFA) under a CRADA (See Attachment 1 in Section M), we will develop and demonstrate a breadboard avionics system using COTS components that closely approaches the stringent power and size requirements of the production concept. As an option, we will be able to demonstrate the operation and real-world performance of the miniature avionics system in-flight on an AFA-supplied kit airframe. In a Phase II activity, we will create a tightly-integrated, miniaturized system that will further reduce size and weight while meeting the aggressive cost target needed for a production UAV system. The low cost low cost UAV avionics package will provide a cost effective avionics alternative for military UAV applications. As the military moves towards cheaper, `disposable' UAVs, which can be deployed in large numbers, there will be a corresponding need for low cost components, including avionics. Other applications include UAV commercial uses in numerous applications, including law enforcement, weather and atmospheric monitoring, aerial survey, and emergency communications relay. |
| CEREBRAL DEVELOPMENTS, INC.
3909 Airport Road, S-579 Ogden, UT 84405 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 392-4392
Mr. James H. Mahon NAVY 01-148 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Very Low Cost, Lightweight IridiumTM / GlobalstarTM Communications Modules |
| Abstract: | Traditionally, Command and Control (C2) of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) has been accomplished by an Operator using a Remote Control Station (RCS) interfaced to a direct, two-way RF communications link. These direct C2 links suffer from range limitations, multipath and terrain interference. These problems force RCS assets to be on high ground, near the operational area, and require unmanned platform staging (launch and recovery) to be within line-of-sight (LOS) of the RCS. A wide-area/over-the-horizon C2 Data Link has been needed for some time to physically de-couple the UAVs from their RCSs. Fortunately, commercial systems that may solve the limitations of direct C2 links are now deployed. Based upon constellations of Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO) satellites, these new voice/data telecommunication systems hold promise to provide reliable, worldwide remote control of UAVs 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Equipping UAVs and their control assets with satellite transceivers will allow simultaneous OTH, wide-area control of multiple platforms. Building and analyzing such a C2 data link and pursuing further miniaturization of the airborne satellite transceivers forms the basis of this proposal. The proposed program will integrate CDI's technology with the IRIDIUM satellites to create an efficient worldwide Over The Horizon Command & Control system for unmanned vehicles. The hardware and software assets developed under this program will handle Tactical and Target Aerial Vehicles as well as unmanned surface vehicles (on terrain and ocean surface. Commercial operators could use the assets to manage unattended sensors and devices worldwide. |
| NAL RESEARCH CORP.
8708 Sudley Road Manassas, VA 20110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 392-5676
Dr. Ngoc Hoang NAVY 01-148 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Very Low Cost, Lightweight IridiumTM / GlobalstarTM Communications Modules |
| Abstract: | Increased demands for land mobile and personal communications services have changed approaches to satellite design. Satellite providers are moving away from deploying a few large geosynchronous satellites to deploying tens, even hundreds, of smaller satellites at low-Earth orbit and medium-Earth orbit where the orbital altitudes are ranging from 500km to 14,000km. This new generation of LEO and MEO satellites offers a considerable opportunity for the ONR UAV program. They are much closer to the Earth; therefore, low-power hardware, omni-directional antennas can often be used. Moreover, with a large number of satellites available for a given coverage area, a single satellite failure will not result in loss of communications, contrary to the geosynchronous systems. As a result, NAL Research Corporation proposes to develop a satellite data link system using the Iridium LEO satellites that will provide low-operating and hardware costs, low-power consumption and rugged hardware, secured two-way communications, relatively high bandwidth and continuous and truly global coverage in real-time. Satellite data link system can be extremely useful in many applications. Ships, airplanes and trucks have relied on geostationary satellites to provide mobile satellite services for years. Now, LEO satellite data link system will soon make mobile satellite services available for individuals. Any type of transmission, internet connection, voice, fax, data or paging, will soon be able to reach its destination anywhere on the planet. The system will simplify communications for business professionals such as salespeople, field producers and reporters for television networks, construction engineers sending plan revisions, oil-company geologists uploading test results, just to name a few. People who live in thinly populated areas that will never be covered by regular cellular phone service, travelers, private pilots, yachtsmen and disaster relief teams will benefit from the LEO satellite-based data link system as well. |
| EDAPTIVE COMPUTING, INC.
1107-C Lyons Road Dayton, OH 45458 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 433-0477
Dr. Praveen Chawla NAVY 01-150 Selected for Award |
| Title: | System Management for Advanced & Replacement Technology (SMART) |
| Abstract: | EDAptive Computing, Inc. (EDAptive), and Dr. Perry Alexander of the University of Kansas present a unique and commercially viable solution to the problem of verifying and validating a replacement/upgrade of an obsolete mixed-technology system that includes digital, analog and mechanical subsystems. Our System Management for Advanced & Replacement Technology (SMART) program will apply an emerging formal specification language standard, and an innovative test generation tool to the problem of verifying and validating replacement/upgrade of a mixed-technology system. Specifically, we propose to research and develop a solution, which will employ two key emerging and innovative technologies for automation in the future, namely (1) the industry-, academia-, and government-sponsored Rosetta, an emerging standard System Level Design Language (SLDL) for characterization of the hardware Input/Output (I/O) interface, and (2) the Air Force (AF) and Navy-sponsored VectorGenT tool to generate tests, expected outputs and the associated test harness to validate and verify a replacement/upgrade of an obsolete mixed-technology system. We have discussed our approach with potential customers and partners such as TRW, Northrop Grumman and Lockheed Martin, and found a need and desire for the proposed solution among potential customers. Maturation and integration of tools and languages proposed under this effort will alleviate the electronics parts obsolescence problem and reduce the cost of addressing it by at least an order of magnitude, especially for avionics system upgrades/replacement. In addition to DoD applications, the proposed system could be used for commercial mixed-technology systems such as wireless systems to identify potential problems when upgrading or replacing for obsolescence or performance needs. |
| THE CONSULTING NETWORK, INC.
209 Washington Street Middletown, MD 21769 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 765-2183
Mr. Andre J. Pruitt NAVY 01-150 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Technology for Logistics Productivity |
| Abstract: | Any Total Ownership Cost (TOC) reduction initiative requires completion of a cost/benefit analysis, including the detailed preparation of a Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis. LCC models are often very labor intensive to complete with inputs that are typically derived from various engineering disciplines and/or existing databases. The proposed SBIR development will provide an Internet accessible LCC model for rapid completion of Navy related cost/benefit analyses in a collaborative environment. Application-specific schemas will be developed to link existing Navy and commercial databases for "auto-completion" of LCC model inputs. An Application Programming Interface (API) will also be developed to facilitate interfacing with other Navy applications. The output format of the cost/benefit analysis will use a standard Navy TOC reduction format. An Internet accessible LCC model would provide a collaborative environment for rapid cost/benefit analysis of commercial products. Since model inputs are typically derived from various engineering disciplines and/or existing databases, an Internet accessible LCC model would expedite completion of a cost/benefit analysis by supporting input from diverse locations. Application-specific interfaces would support linking existing commercial databases for "auto-completion" of model inputs. In addition, an Internet accessible LCC model will support rapid revision of an existing cost/benefit analysis based upon updated model inputs. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. James J. Barry NAVY 01-151 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Model-Based Design of a Steam/Heat Fabric Test Apparatus |
| Abstract: | Conditions of convective heat and steam pose serious threats to Navy fire fighting and damage control personnel, but the only test environments available for testing of protective clothing for such conditions are large and very costly to use. The proposed convective heat and steam test apparatus will enable rapid and low-cost evaluation of candidate fabric samples in the laboratory. The apparatus will be designed using unique computational models for fluid flow and heat and mass transfer through textiles. The resulting equipment will be compact, accurate, repeatable, easy to use, and include its own data acquisition system. During Phase I, a comprehensive design for the complete test apparatus will be developed. In Phase II, a prototype apparatus will be constructed and tested. The proposed test apparatus will enable the Navy, other military services, and others in government and industry to quickly and inexpensively evaluate the protective characteristics of candidate textiles for fire fighting and steam-protective ensembles. The result will be lower development costs and improved protective clothing that better protects wearer against burns while reducing development and acquisition cost. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Dr. George P. Hansen NAVY 01-151 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Laboratory Convective / Steam Heat Test Apparatus |
| Abstract: Abstract not available... | |
| TDA RESEARCH, INC.
12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 940-2339
Dr. Andrew W. Myers NAVY 01-152 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Biodegradable Nanocomposite Films |
| Abstract: | The disposal of ship-generated waste remains a problem for the Navy as it struggles with the issue of storing food-contaminated plastic waste for long periods at sea while maintaining necessary sanitary conditions. Plastics are currently prohibited from disposal at sea; however, if the plastic is quickly degraded in the ocean, overboard disposal would have little or no deleterious effect on the marine environment. Several biodegradable plastics are now commercially available. Unfortunately, these biodegradable plastics often do not have the necessary physical and barrier properties to make them useful as a food packaging material. TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) proposes to use our proprietary inorganic/organic hybrid nanoparticles to improve the barrier properties of polycaprolactone, an already biodegradable polymer. We have developed nanoparticles that when added to polymers, improve their barrier properties and toughness while maintaining other necessary properties. Our nanoparticles can be incorporated into current PCL formulations, allowing minimal changes to existing processing methods. The material developed from the Phase I project will be a biodegradable nanocomposite with improved barrier properties against water vapor and oxygen. Biodegradable nanocomposites would answer a military need by developing food packaging materials that degrade in the marine environment, thus allowing the potential for overboard disposal. Biodegradable plastics with good barrier properties would find commercial markets in grocery stores and food supply and delivery services. Biodegradable plastics would also address the problems of solid waste generation and disposal. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Dr. Bryan Koene NAVY 01-152 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Biodegradable Nanocomposite Polymers for Food Packaging |
| Abstract: | Triton Systems responds to the Navy need to produce new and unique biodegradable food packaging. Our technology is based upon the use of known marine biodegradable polymers based on polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) for thin films fabrication that can be disposed overboard. Triton's collaboration with the Biodegradable Polymer Research Center at the University of Massachusetts Lowell will utilize their world-renowned expertise in biopolymer synthesis and processing. The use of Triton's nanocomposite technology will result in the improvement of film strength and oxygen barrier for food preservation. The incorporation of nanoscale silicates with high aspect ratio platelet morphology has demonstrated increased strength and gas barrier in a number of other thermoplastic resins. On this program we will develop the relationships between polymer structure, morphology, properties, and degradability as required for the Navy's needs. The Phase I will demonstrate the proof of principle through the synthesis and evaluation of these biodegradable nanocomposites with respect to their biodegradability, oxygen barrier, and film forming ability. For Phase II we will optimize these properties, and scale up the synthesis to field test large-scale prototypes. This successful program will develop an enabling technology that will benefit many areas where biodegradability of plastics is required. This includes disposable fast food packaging and medical wound dressings. |
| TDA RESEARCH, INC.
12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 940-2302
Dr. Ronald L. Cook NAVY 01-153 Awarded: 18OCT01 |
| Title: | Low VOC Nanocomposite Lubricant Coating |
| Abstract: | Solid-film lubricants are materials with inherent lubricating properties, which are firmly bonded to the surface of a substrate. Solid-film lubricants can be used where conventional wet lubricants are ineffective (e.g. in space or high vacuum) or where the lubricant cannot be reapplied. They offer advantages other lubricants such as greases and liquids don't, including, effective lubrication over temperature ranges where greases and oils are ineffective, the ability to withstand higher loads (e.g. in excess of 250,000 psi), and typically they exhibit a lower coefficient of friction as the load increases. Polymer resin solid lubricants have the most commercial significance. However, many resin- bonded solid lubricant coatings release large amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOC) during application and curing. TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) has developed surface modified nanoplatelets with lubricious surfaces that can be applied using a waterborne epoxy formulation. The nanoparticles can be readily dispersed in the air-dried epoxy coatings and will therefore offer a low VOC coating material. Previous at TDA has shown that the nanoplatelet epoxy coatings have good wear properties and excellent corrosion resistance. Solid lubricants significantly extend the lifetime of mechanical devices. The proposed work will demonstrate the effectiveness of organic monolayer nanoplatelets as low-cost base lubricants for a low-VOC coating. The resulting solid nanocomposite lubricant will also have good wear and corrosion resistance. This technology will find widespread use in civil aviation, transportation and space applications. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Dr. George P. Hansen NAVY 01-153 Awarded: 15OCT01 |
| Title: | Low Volatile Organic Content (VOC) Solid Film Lubricant |
| Abstract: | Dry film lubricants are used extensively in military and commercial aircraft engines to prevent galling, fretting and seizing and to aid in maintenance disassembly and re-assembly. Most dry film lubricants contain volatile organic compounds as carrier solvents. Many also contain lead compounds for added endurance life and antimony oxide as a corrosion inhibitor. Graphite is often used as a lubricant by itself or with other solid lubricants. Each of these components poses an environmental hazard and their use must be discontinued. TRI/Austin proposes to develop a water-based system containing alternative lubricants and additives that will be environmentally and toxicologically benign, meets the requirements of MIL-L-23398 and MIL-L-46147, and can be applied using standard procedures with minimal impact to the Navy. The technical challenge to be faced in this development involves obtaining an adequate dispersion of the lubricant in the water-binder solution so that coating segregation does not occur during binder cure. The proposed new dry film lubricant will be environmentally and toxicologically benign without deleterious impact to existing Navy field practices. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION CORP.
13029 Danielson Street, Suite 200 Poway, CA 92064 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 679-4140
Dr. Thomas Brotherton NAVY 01-154 Awarded: 15OCT01 |
| Title: | A Testbed for Probabilistic Mission Engine Usage Analysis |
| Abstract: | Engine component fatigue life prediction is based upon material conditions such as temperature, stress and exposure time, all of which are induced by system and flight cycle usage. With weapon systems being called on to perform a greater variety of missions like those envisioned for JSF and UAVs/UCAVs, asset usage and mission tracking are becoming crucial for life assessment. Concurrent pressure for system reliability and readiness further accentuates this requirement, not only from a deterministic, but a probabilistic basis as dictated for overall fleet management. The capability to reduce raw fleet duty cycle data into information usable to both designers and maintenance planners is essential. Proposed here is the development of a testbed to perform probabilistic analysis of mission / engine duty cycle data to aid in diagnostics, prognostics and condition based maintenance of gas turbine engines. The testbed will include data collection, analysis, visualization, signal processing and probabilistic analysis and system development tools for engine usage cycle analysis for component and system life modeling. Pratt & Whitney, world leaders in the design and production of gas turbine engines, will support IAC in all phases of the SBIR by supplying expertise and real engine data The potential commercial applications for the technology, techniques, and systems to ultimately come out of this SBIR are significant. Pratt & Whitney, a partner on Phase I, is interested in applying the technology developed here to its engines. If Phase I is successful, Pratt & Whitney will also participate on Phase 2 and will be a potential Phase 3 transition / commercialization partner. The technology to be developed here can be applied to significantly improve automated monitoring and condition-based maintenance of all military and commercial aircraft gas turbine engines |
| STI TECHNOLOGIES
1800 Brighton-Henrietta Townli Rochester, NY 14623 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(716) 424-2010
Dr. Dan Ghiocel NAVY 01-154 Awarded: 15OCT01 |
| Title: | Probabilistic Mission/Engine Duty Cycle Analysis |
| Abstract: | The proposed project will address the engine mission statistical modeling at the needed level of detail. Special attention will be given to the key mission aspects that influence the vibratory stresses in engine components and may produce their HCF failure. The proposed research will provide the following key capabilities: (i) a complete handbook on the statistical description of engine missions based on the available information from the Navy databases and (ii) an integrated software with tool boxes to compute the engine mission characteristics, to simulate random missions and to determine "representative" missions for life assessment analyses. The user-friendly software that will be developed will enable the engine design and/or maintenance engineer to visualize mission profiles, statistics, simulated mission sequences, and "representative" deterministic missions calibrated based on probabilistic life analyses. The proposed "representative" deterministic missions will be established for five different severity levels (extreme, very high, high, moderate and average) which will correspond to five non-exceedance probability levels in the probabilistic HCF/LCF life distribution. To compute "representative" missions for a given engine component the user has to input the steady and resonant stresses at critical locations for different speeds and strain-life and damage curve parameters. The software product developed by this effort can be directly used by the commercial engine manufactures to improve their engine design and reduce maintenance costs. With minimum adaptation the software can be applied to life assessment of any system, machinery or component that is subjected to random variable loading including aerospace, power and automotive industries. |
| CFD RESEARCH CORP.
215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 726-4806
Dr. James A. Keenan NAVY 01-155 Awarded: 23OCT01 |
| Title: | Coupled VSTOL and Ship Air Wake Turbulent Flow Simulation Model |
| Abstract: | A computational approach, utilizing a polyhedral unstructured Navier-Stokes flow solver with a Cartesian and chimera/overset grid technology, is proposed for solving ship airwake and VSTOL ground effect flows. The unstructured flow solver allows for any mesh topology around complex aircraft and ship geometries. The chimera capability allows flexibility in using separate grid systems on the aircraft and ship and re-using these grids for modeling different aircraft landing locations. The adaptive Cartesian capabilities can efficiently generate background grids that overlap both the aircraft and ship grids. Advanced higher order time marching schemes and turbulence models will be developed to solve the unsteady turbulent flow of the ship air wake and the turbulent transonic/supersonic VSTOL aircraft flow field. In Phase I, a computational approach will be developed and validated for the prediction of VSTOL-ground effect and ship air-wake flows. The most suitable grid topology will be separately selected for each aircraft and ship. A higher order time marching scheme will be developed and implemented into existing CFD software for time accurate ship airwake predictions. A computational approach for coupling of the VSTOL and ship flow field predictions will be conceptually developed. This approach will be implemented and validated in Phase II. The technology developed for the coupled flow of VSTOL and ship will have direct commercial applications for helicopters landing on ships and other non-moving structures in order to enhance Dynamic Interface performance. Direct applications include coast guard, police and medical operations. The unstructured chimera and adaptive Cartesian technologies will be implemented into the commercial CFD-FASTRAN flow solver and will be immediately available to all users. These techniques will be very useful for solving complex geometry problems such as store separation, missile staging, missile fin/canard/shroud cover and other complex multi-body applications. |
| COMBUSTION RESEARCH & FLOW TECHNOLOGY, I
174 North Main Street, P.O. Box 1150 Dublin, PA 18917 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 249-9780
Mr. Neeraj Sinha NAVY 01-155 Awarded: 24OCT01 |
| Title: | Coupled Vertical/Short Takeoff and Landing (VSTOL) Down Wash-Ground Effect and Ship Air Wake Turbulent Flow Simulation Model |
| Abstract: | Integration of aviation units with air capable Navy ships has always been a challenge. V/STOL aircraft, e.g. AV-8B, JSF, etc. encounter unique challenges in performing takeoff and landing during the course of shipboard operations due to the interaction of the propulsion-generated jet downwash with the unsteady air wake generated by the ship superstructure & deck. Operational envelopes must be developed through extremely expensive, time-consuming and demanding at-sea trials. Additionally, the powerful V/STOL jet outwash is a major safety hazard for ship deck personnel. The proposed effort will lead to the development and validation of a physics-based, high fidelity Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model for predicting dynamic interface (DI) performance. Complexity of the geometry, magnitude of the domains entailed, and presence of a very broad range of physical phenomena make this into a challenging proposition. A novel unstructured CFD method is proposed which brings together: 1) innovations in CFD numerical algorithm; 2) resource efficient hybrid RANS-LES turbulence modeling; 3) turbulent flowfield reconstruction using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD); and 4) an advanced parallel architecture framework. A zonal simulation strategy has been formulated which provides optimum utilization of computational resources for simulating DI performance of realistic ship-aircraft at true conditions. The technology development proposed is directly applicable to JSF. The technology developments proposed are also of extreme relevance to commercial aviation, especially with regards to commercial aviation and safety guidelines under high-wind conditions, etc. The modeling tools developed are also of direct relevance to Coast Guard operations and local law-enforcement. |
| SUKRA HELITEK, INC.
3146, Greenwood road Ames, IA 50014 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(515) 292-8918
Dr. Saeid Niazi NAVY 01-155 Awarded: 24OCT01 |
| Title: | Coupled Vertical/Short Takeoff and Landing (VSTOL) Down Wash-Ground Effect and Ship Air Wake Turbulent Flow Simulation Model |
| Abstract: | Shipboard landings of JSF, AV-8B and Bell-Boeing's V22 have identified unique dynamic interface issues and the critical need for an accurate and efficient technique for simulating wind-over-deck situations. In this research, a novel approach is proposed wherein the flowfield of the ship, its superstructure and the complete aircraft are solved using a coupled viscous flow solver for various relative wind speeds and directions. The engine of the innovation, RotUNS, is a comprehensive CFD tool for multi-body-rotor flow simulation. It consists of a cartesian, unstructured, viscous, unsteady solver for the flow and a momentum source representation for the rotors. RotUNS generates the cartesian unstructured grid efficiently from the geometry definition and will be suitable for dynamic adaption to the turbulent flow field. The entire computational domain will be solved simultaneously to yield the interacting flow field and the loads on the body. The simulation tool developed under this initiative will find wide usage in the Navy reserach organizations and rotorcraft industry. The proposal offers to develop a tool that will lay the foundations for true coupled flow field and load calculation of a complete configuration such as JSF, AV-8B and V-22 in a multi-body interfering environment as would be on an aircraft carrier. Sukra Helitek's software, RotUNS, is currently used for shipboard simulation of V-22. The proposed research has resulted from the direct knowledge of the needs of the industry and the government. RotUNS is an extension to the well tested Rot3DC (a rotor simulation package offered by Sukra Helitek, Inc.) and the enhanced capabilities will further increase RotUNS's marketability and usefullness. |
| SOFTWARE & ENGINEERING ASSOC., INC.
1802 N. Carson Street, Suite 200 Carson City, NV 89701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(775) 882-1966
Dr. Jonathan C. French NAVY 01-156 Awarded: 02NOV02 |
| Title: | Nonlinear Combustion Stability Prediction of Solid Rocket Motors |
| Abstract: | Software & Engineering Associates, Inc., proposes to develop a new tool to analyze solid rocket motor combustion stability which will predict for an unstable motor the combustion chamber's maximum over-pressurization. When a rocket motor experiences combustion instability, it often does not experience a catastrophic failure, but a temporary amplitude limited pressure fluctuation. If the magnitude of the fluctuation can be predicted, one can then determine if it is sufficiently low as to be ignored, or if it will damage the payload or cause unacceptable flight variations. The current stability analysis code examines each of the combustion chamber's acoustic modes separately. As such, it cannot model the transfer of energy between unstable and stable acoustic modes, transfers which can act to dampen the unstable mode, resulting in an amplitude limited pressure fluctuation (limit cycle). A new non-linear analysis technique developed at Cal Tech compares a given unstable acoustic mode with the other modes in the system, and from that predicts the maximum amplitude of the over-pressurization. The focus of this Phase I SBIR will be to identify the algorithms and inputs required to implement a non-linear stability analysis into the current solid rocket motor combustion stability code. This research will result in an innovative design tool to predict combustion instability amplitudes of an unstable solid rocket motor during the design phase. This new tool will take advantage of the multi-dimensional stability analysis code currently being implemented. This product will bridge the gap between university (MURI) research and the solid rocket motor community. |
| CAPE COD RESEARCH, INC.
19 Research Road East Falmouth, MA 02536 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 540-4400
Dr. John P. Campbell NAVY 01-157 Awarded: 24OCT01 |
| Title: | Transparent Conducting Oxides for Forward-Looking IR (FLIR) Sensors |
| Abstract: | Current transparent conductors have insufficient transparency in the infrared to be useful for shielding infrared sensors against electromagnetic inteference. This project investigates the feasibility of developing the next generation of transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) via a novel approach. The result will be a series of both p-type and n-type materials with high conductivity and transparency through the visible into the mid infrared. This is expected to benefit the United States with applications from electromagnetic shielding of infrared sensors, to transparent electronic p-n junctions and circuitry. The proposed effort would lead to a new family of high-conductivity, wide bandwith transparent conducting oxides (TCO)s. The potential commercial applications include 'smart' thermal control windows, substrates for photovoltaic cells, and transparent electronic circuits. |
| EIKOS, INC.
2 Master Drive Franklin, MA 02038 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 528-0300
Mr. Paul Glatkowski NAVY 01-157 Awarded: 24OCT01 |
| Title: | Infrared Transparent Electromagnetic Shielding Utilizing Carbon Nanotubes |
| Abstract: | Eikos Inc. proposes to develop transparent EMI shielding materials to meet the design objectives of Naval IR transparent optics. In the proposed Phase I program, single walled carbon nanotubes (SWnT) will be incorporated into inorganic polymers to impart EMI shielding while maintaining optical transparency across several infrared bands in the EM spectrum. This novel material is based on NanoshieldT EMI shielding technology already demonstrated and patented at Eikos Inc. It represents a new class of nanocomposite polymers utilizing the extraordinary properties of carbon nanotubes. Eikos will compound nanotubes into inorganic polymers and organic polymers to form nanocomposites, fabricate films/coatings, measure the electrical, optical, and EMI shielding properties. The development of these nanocomposite materials is crucial to overcoming the current plateau in materials development which is constraining the development of new multispectral and low cost sensor systems. This material will replace metal grids currently in use and allow new electrically insulting IR optical materials to be utilized. This technology lends itself to application and enhancement of existing IR sensor optics in night vision goggles, missile seekers, cameras and windows. The development of an EMI shielding transparent material will have immediate application in meeting the needs for military and commercial transparences. EMI shielding products are experiencing rapid grown due to ever increasing use if wireless devices at increasingly higher operational frequencies. This need for new optically transparent EMI shielding materials will draw a premium value in the marketplace. The current EMI market exceeds 500M$/yr with the IR optical components market is dominated by DoD applications with >150M$/Yr in sales. Eikos will enter several sectors of these markets, by solving existing problems and permitting application of next generation devices, across all these markets. |
| SIENNA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
19501 144th Avenue NE, Suite F-500 Woodinville, WA 98072 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 485-7272
Dr. Ender Savrun NAVY 01-157 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Novel Transparent Conductors for EMI Shielding of Sensor Windows |
| Abstract: | This project will investigate a novel family of infrared transparent thin film materials having high electrical conductivity for electromagnetic interference shielding of IR sensor windows. High purity powders of bulk materials will be synthesized. Sputtering targets from the powders will be fabricated via pressureless sintering. Thin films will be deposited by rf magnetron sputtering. Electrical conductivity, optical IR transmission and microwave attenuation of the films will be determined. The microstructure-property relationship will be established. Potential commercial applications include architectural shielding in industrial environments, view windows on magnetic resonance imaging systems, windows in embassy buildings and other government installations, view IR windows on all types of electronic equipment and instrumentation, and transparent electrodes in display devices. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. Joel L. Berg NAVY 01-158 Awarded: 06DEC01 |
| Title: | A Tactile-Based Alert Device to Improve Safety Around High-Risk Areas |
| Abstract: | Aircraft carrier personnel are exposed to additional risks when working around propeller-driven aircraft such as the E-2C and C-2A. To avoid injury from rotating propeller blades, an alert system is needed that performs even under conditions of poor visibility or high noise. Creare proposes a proximity-based, tactile alert device that can be worn as a wristband to alert the wearer when (s)he penetrates a region that is established as high-risk. The components of the system are inexpensive enough so that the device can be standard issue to all deck personnel. Creare will demonstrate the feasibility of our innovation during Phase I through bench-top tests. During Phase II, we will develop and field-test a prototype system. Because the proposed alert system provides proximity-based tactile feedback, these devices could be used for personnel guidance as well as personnel safety. For instance, the device could be used by the visually impaired to locate particular zones or objects (e.g., the telephone or doorknob). |
| NOESIS, INC.
10530 Linden Lake Plaza, Suite Manassas, VA 20109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 349-4001
Mr. Thomas Buckingham NAVY 01-158 Awarded: 27NOV01 |
| Title: | Enhanced Propeller Visibility |
| Abstract: | High tempo 24 hour day and night flight operations on a U.S. Navy aircraft carrier create a hazardous environment that taxes even the best safety procedures and programs. As the only propeller driven aircraft deployed on carriers, the E-2C and C-2A present a unique problem. Their rotating propellers create a serious threat to the safety of maintenance and flight crews working in close proximity to the aircraft, particularly in low light/low visibility conditions. Understanding the nature of the problem, this proposal addresses a visual warning system that will incorporate a Low Light Level Illumination appliqu‚ on the propeller. The appliqu‚ will combine the attributes of two materials: a powerful and revolutionary photoluminescent compound and retro-reflective sheeting. In so doing, we will maximize visual awareness in both low light and no light situations. Contingent upon successful shipboard evaluation, it is reasonable to assume that the solution developed in the proposed effort for the E-2C and C-2A application could readily transferred to other propeller aircraft in the Navy and commercial inventory including: the helicopter fleet, the P-3 land-based aircraft and the V-22 tilt-rotor. Operations involving those aircraft are also conducted in all types of lighting conditions during high tempo operations either onboard ship or at land-based sites presenting similar safety concerns to the support crews. The commercial opportunities for this product are extensive and include: the small, private aircraft industry; the commercial airline fleet of propeller-driven commuter planes; and the commercial helicopter industry. Only recently there was a fatality at a major Washington, D.C. airport in which a maintenance worker was fatally struck by an aircraft propeller, bringing home the fact that safety remains an important consideration in commercial airport and aircraft operations. In fact, Bell Helicopter Textron has indicated significant interest in our technical approach to enhancing propeller visibility. Not only does their interest validate the serious safety hazard operating tail rotors pose to maintenance crews in the commercial industry, Bell Helicopter believes our LLLI material shows great promise as the solution. |
| QUANTUM TECHNOLOGY SERVICES, INC.
1980 North Atlantic Avenue, Suite 707 Cocoa Beach, FL 32931 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(321) 868-0288
Dr. Jeffrey R. Cavins NAVY 01-158 Awarded: 06DEC01 |
| Title: | Enhanced Propeller Visibility |
| Abstract: | The Navy has identified a requirement for enhancing propeller visibility for personnel safety on carrier-based aircraft such as the E-2C and C-2A aircraft under nighttime or inclement weather conditions. After careful consideration QTSI has developed an approach based on using scanning laser diodes to paint an image on the rotating propeller. Such a device would be low cost, lightweight and low power. Placement of the device could be mounted either on the aircraft on the carrier deck, or in some remove before flight equipment such as wheel chocks. We believe such a design can be implemented cheaply and with a minimum of modification to the aircraft. Clearly this sensor has significant commercial applications. Commercial commuter aircraft have the same issues regarding propeller safety as military aircraft, and the number of small 2 and 4 engine propeller driven commuter aircraft has exploded over the last ten years. We would expect the opportunity to refit all propeller driven military aircraft over a period of time, plus incorporate the scanners in all new production aircraft for the civilian market. |
| CG2, INC.
6000 Technology Drive,, Bldg. 1, Suite A Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 217-2703
Mr. Mark Bowden NAVY 01-159 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Material Encoded Textures with Computer Generated Forces (CGF) |
| Abstract: | Historically, Human-In-The-Loop (HITL) simulators have utilized battle space models designed to present a view of the battle space to a human. The view could be a typical "out-the-window" view or a view produced by a sensor, such as an infrared navigation pod or a night vision device. Thus, a battle space model for each type of view would have to be constructed from imagery appropriate to the sensor type. This arrangement presents difficulties in correlation between the models and is time consuming because of the duplication of the battle space. Furthermore, the models consist of radiometric response images that are of little use to a CGF simulation. In recent years, the Navy developed a method whereby a single battle space model could be used for all the views presented by a HITL simulation. Rather than build a battle space model based on the optical response of materials, which results in a waveband-dependent model, the model is constructed of material-encoded imagery. CGF simulations stand to benefit greatly from the advent of material-encoded imagery digital battle space models. The overall objective of this proposal is to identify hardware and software approaches for the design and development of a Computer Generated Forces/Semi-Automated Forces (SAF) System that is not constrained by current polygon/vector based methods of scene rendering, but takes advantage of material-encoded imagery digital battle space models. The commercial potential will be a run-time license of the modified CGF software to use this capability as part of a delivered training system. The software capability lends itself to the next generation of game engine in the commercial market. |
| MAK TECHNOLOGIES
185 Alewife Brook Parkway Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 876-8085
Dr. James English NAVY 01-159 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Material Encoded Textures in Computer Generated Forces (CGF) |
| Abstract: | Current Computer Generated Forces (CGF) systems use polygonal representations of the terrain, augmented with vector data, for terrain reasoning. Algorithms such as vehicle movement and line-of-sight use this data to determine vehicle speed and orientation, as well as for targeting and navigation. 3-D visualization systems, used in human-in-the- loop simulations, provide additional data in the form of geo-specific texture information, however. Humans can interpret this additional data and make decisions based on it. Current CGF systems cannot represent or reason on this texture data, leading to interoperability and correlation issues between human-in-the-loop simulations and CGF systems. MŽK Technologies, along with Terrain Experts (TERREX), Inc., propose to develop a CGF terrain representation that supports the incorporation of pixel-level data that augments the current polygon and vector representation. We will demonstrate this terrain representation in MŽK's VR-Forces commercial-off-the-shelf CGF system. The results of this research will increase the fidelity of CGF terrain representations, allowing higher fidelity modeling of terrain reasoning and sensor simulations. It will also improve correlation between CGF and man-in-the-loop simulations, since texture data is currently not used by CGF reasoning algorithms, but is used by humans. This research has high commercialization potential. At the end of Phase II, this research will have been integrated into MAK's commercial CGF product, VR-Forces, and will also be available for other government CGF projects, such as OneSAF. |
| AURORA FLIGHT SCIENCES OF WEST VIRGINIA,
3000 East Benedum Industrial Bridgeport, WV 26330 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 369-3633
Dr. John Langford NAVY 01-160 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Improved Lifetime Performance of Nonmetallic Honeycomb Cored and Modified Aluminum Cored Honeycomb Structures |
| Abstract: | Aurora Flight Sciences of West Virginia (AWV) is small business offering a complete range of aerospace structural manufacturing capabilities in both metals and composites. Our largest customer is Northrop Grumman, for whom we manufacture flight-rated production parts for such aircraft as the E8 JSTARS, E2C HawkEye, and RQ4A Global Hawk. We are ISO-9000 registered and we hold materiel review board (MRB) authority on JSTARS. Many of our staff of almost 100 are former Grumman employees, and have extensive experience with the F14, A6, and other aircraft We are developing new sealing techniques to improve the resistance of aluminum cored sandwich structures to moisture penetration, which is a major cause of delaminating and life shortening. In this SBIR, we have teamed with Northrop-Grumman ISA to offer a complete design solution that can rapidly transfer the resulting technology into production. In Phase I we propose to conduct preliminary evaluations of new nonmetallic core materials which could replace aluminum honeycomb core and accelerated life testing of our sealing techniques. In Phase II we will demonstrate production versions of our processes. As a major supplier to the OEM on the F-14 and other subject aircraft, Aurora West Virginia is well positioned to quickly transition the technology from this project into production and into the fleet. Aurora has teamed with Northrop Grumman, and together we offer a complete understanding of the problem and a complete capability to implement the solution. |
| AZTEX, INC.
360 Second Avenue Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 622-5529
Mr. John Harris NAVY 01-160 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Truss Reinforced Foam Cores for Replacement of Aluminum Honeycomb Structures |
| Abstract: | Sandwich core structures represent a lightweight and structurally efficient approach for composite airframe fabrication. However, the use of sandwich core structures has also presented many challenges, particularly for Navy aircraft that tend to see extensive exposure to salt spray and high humidity environments. In these environments, any defect or damage to the sandwich facesheets allows moisture intrusion into the cells of the honeycomb. Once this process has begun, the result is almost inevitable - corrosion of the metallic components and delamination of the facesheets from the core. Aztex has developed a technology that utilizes a lightweight, closed cell foam as a base. The foam is then reinforced with very small diameter pultruded rods. This technology provides a means to utilize a closed cell foam core with relatively poor mechanical properties and by the addition of Z-FiberT rods, create a high strength, damage tolerant core structure with the potential for strengths comparable to aluminum honeycomb. In this program, Aztex proposes to utilize our K-CorT product as a basis to develop a replacement core material for aircraft control surfaces, focusing on the F-14. This technology would be applicable to other existing or future aircraft applications. Aztex has developed a technology that utilizes a lightweight, closed cell foam as a base. The foam is then reinforced with very small diameter pultruded rods. This technology provides a means to utilize a closed cell foam core with relatively poor mechanical properties and by the addition of Z-FiberT rods, create a high strength, damage tolerant core structure with the potential for strengths comparable to aluminum honeycomb, excellent damage tolerance and resistance to moisture intrusion. An alternative to conventional honeycomb materials without the inherent problems associated with honeycomb cores has potential applications in both military and commercial aerospace applications. In addition, there are many non-aerospace uses such as railway floor panels, truck bodies, Formula 1 cars, etc. Our research indicates that the market potential for commercial applications for this technology (both aerospace and non-aerospace) exceeds $50M/year. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. Anthony J. Dietz NAVY 01-161 Awarded: 23OCT01 |
| Title: | Active and Passive Reduction of Noise Caused by Bone Conduction to the Head of U.S. Navy Deck Crew Personnel with Helmets |
| Abstract: | The goal of this project is to characterize the magnitude and transmission paths of bone-conducted noise, and then to use this information to design an effective Noise Reduction System (NRS) for use in crew helmets. US Navy personnel working on the decks of aircraft carriers operate in a very high noise environment and are at considerable risk for hearing damage. There is no technology available to reduce engine noise levels without significant performance penalties. Further, noise levels will not improve with the next generation of aircraft, where noise levels for deck crews will exceed 150 dB. At these levels, sound conducted to the cochlea via bone and tissue conduction may inflict damage despite complete attenuation of air-conducted sound in the ear canal. The phenomenon of bone conduction is not well understood. During the Phase I project, we plan to use two new innovative audiometry techniques, supplemented by laboratory tests, to characterize this phenomenon. We will then use these data to model the noise conduction mechanism in order to design an effective countermeasure. During the Phase II project, we will fabricate and test prototypes of the NRS. The results of our unique tests on bone/tissue conduction to the cochlea will be of benefit to those setting hearing protection guidelines as well as to designers of hearing protection systems. The Creare Noise Reduction System (NRS) will reduce the effects of this potentially harmful source of noise, allowing longer durations of exposure to high-noise-level environments. The system will be of use to military and civilian aircraft operations and maintenance personnel as well as to workers in construction and manufacturing industries. |
| SYTRONICS, INC.
4433 Dayton-Xenia Road, Building 1 Dayton, OH 45432 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 431-6112
Dr. William P. Marshak NAVY 01-161 Awarded: 24OCT01 |
| Title: | Active and Passive Reduction of Noise Caused by Bone Conduction to the Head of US Navy Deck Crew Personnel with Helmets |
| Abstract: | SYTRONICS proposes Bone Conducted Noise Reduction (BCNR) research to accomplish Phase I objectives, establish a foundation for further research and product prototyping in Phase II, and product testing and development in Phase III. The Phase I objectives are: propose new design approaches to protect Naval deck crew personnel from bone conducted sound to the inner ear; establish a protocol for determining the path(s) of bone conducted noise to the inner ear; and develop a preliminary conceptual design for a solution to the problem. Proposed work includes: assessing current approaches to measuring bone conducted noise using distortion product oto-acoustic emissions (DPOAEs) technology; determining new methods for measuring bone conducted noise by generating DPOAEs in a novel way to study the cancellation of bone conducted noise in the cochlea; performing a series of preliminary bone-conduction studies designed to explore the effect of level changes in air-conducted and bone conducted stimuli, examine cancellation of the bone-conducted tone, compare the sensitivity of DPOAE measures with conventional behavioral measures, and make a preliminary determination of bone conduction pathways to the inner ear; providing a concept demonstration of a potential bone conducted noise reduction. We anticipate the benefits of this research to include (1) a better understanding of the pathways and practical effect of bone conducted sound to the inner ear; (2) determination of an effective way to reduce the level of bone conducted sound to the inner ear; and (3) preliminary design of a protective system that effectively reduces the level of bone conducted noise to the inner ear and is feasible for use in the Navy aircraft carrier and "L" class ship deck environment. If successful, this technology application will benefit workers operating in any high noise military and industrial environment. |
| ADAPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1700 Kraft Drive, Suite 2350 Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 951-1284
Dr. Michael A. Vaudrey NAVY 01-162 Awarded: 05OCT01 |
| Title: | A Personal Active Communication System For Use in Extreme Noise Environments |
| Abstract: | The extreme noise fields encountered by U.S. Navy flight deck and cockpit crewmen interfere with speech intelligibility and cause hearing loss to warfighter personnel, even with the currently-fielded communication systems. This Phase I program will develop new active noise reduction (ANR) technologies and improve existing passive technologies for incorporation into a prototype double hearing protection, helmet-integrated communication system. The advanced system will target up to 50 dB of noise reduction on the flight deck and 40 dB of noise reduction in the cockpit. Feasibility studies will first investigate: enhanced performance of earcup materials and seals in extreme noise, improvements to the noise reducing microphone, ANR designs that are compatible with prototype communication earplugs, and novel component configurations that optimize simultaneous noise suppression and speech intelligibility. Attenuation and intelligibility data for a Phase I prototype system will be measured during the Phase I option project. A unique team of small businesses has been assembled to ensure a successful Phase I solution to this extremely challenging and multidisciplinary design problem. The corporate team members will extend their cooperative efforts after Phase I to address any further development issues, leading to a manufacturable prototype at the conclusion of Phase II. The benefits of the extreme-noise, personal active communication system for U.S. Navy personnel include significantly reduced occurrences of hearing loss and improved battle situation readiness through improved speech intelligibility between tower, cockpit, and flight deck personnel. Additional DOD applications include tank pilots, crewmen in the U.S. Marine's AAAV, and shipboard engine room crew. Commercialization of the advanced ANR earplug and noise-reduction microphone will be applicable in a variety of industrial, marine, and vehicle racing environments. |
| MICRO OPTICS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
8608 University Green #5, PO Box 620377 Middleton, WI 53562 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(608) 831-0655
Dr. Jeffrey Buchholz NAVY 01-162 Awarded: 15OCT01 |
| Title: | Helmet Integrated Communication System with Optically Driven Earplug |
| Abstract: | A helmet based crew communication system is designed incorporating an optically driven earplug as well as active noise reduction signal processing at the crew station. The optically driven earplug is added to the helmet communication system to both increase the passive noise rejection through use of an earplug as well as well as to improve intelligibility through use of an active earplug speaker. The earplug is optically driven through free space to eliminate the wire connection of conventional active earplugs to ease helmet don and doff limitations. The earplug small size and freedom from helmet connections also allows the helmet to continue to have conventional ear cup speakers for redundancy and use in active noise cancellation. Sensing microphones of either a conventional or fiber optic type are also included for use with digital signal processing using compact low power DSP chips. Active earplugs for improved communication in noisy environments including industrial, medical and law enforcement environments. |
| SYTRONICS, INC.
4433 Dayton-Xenia Road, Building 1 Dayton, OH 45432 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 431-6112
Dr. William P. Marshak NAVY 01-162 Awarded: 17OCT01 |
| Title: | Active Noise Reduction Earplug and Improved Speech Intelligibility for Aircrew and Deck Crew Personnel with Helmet Integrated Communication Systems |
| Abstract: | SYTRONICS proposes Noise Reduction and Improved Speech (NORIS) research to accomplish Phase I objectives, establish a foundation for further research and prototyping in Phase II, and product testing and development in Phase III. Phase I objectives are: propose new design approaches using existing technology for hearing protection of personnel using communication systems; identify performance differences between custom-fit and foam earplugs; compare new materials available; include data on new speech intelligibility technologies; and develop a conceptual design. The proposed work includes: Assessing currently used passive systems, performing comparative analyses and identifying differences in performance with foam earplugs; Performing preliminary studies to determine passive attenuation requirements by (1) replicating a 1981 Shanks and Lilly study to determine the most sensitive measure of ear canal residual volume; and (2) identifying and verifying the most effective method for estimating residual ear canal volume when using deep-seated earplugs; Determining active noise reduction (ANR) requirements using deep-seated ear plugs and a noise sensing microphone; Investigating ANR, Communications Earplug (CEP) and other techniques that hold promise for reducing noise at the inner ear and improving speech communications; Providing a concept demonstration of a preliminary noise reduction system for deck crew with communications. We anticipate the benefits of this research to include (1) a better understanding of the technologies and applications that are most effective in reducing noise levels at the inner ear; (2) realization of effective techniques and applications for improving speech intelligibility in high noise environments; and (3) preliminary concept design and demonstration of a more effective passive and active noise reduction hearing protection system with improved speech intelligibility capabilities, that is feasible for use by aircrew and deck crew personnel operating in Navy aircraft carrier and "L" class ship deck environments. If successful, this technology application will benefit workers operating in any high noise military and industrial environment. |
| ONTARIO ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL
3333 Harrision Street, Unit #6 Riverside, CA 92503 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(909) 283-5971
Mr. Russell Abbott NAVY 01-163 Awarded: 27NOV01 |
| Title: | High-Voltage Cables and Connector |
| Abstract: | In Phase 1, Ontario Engineering International will perform a feasibility study to develop a high voltage cable and connector system for the ALE-55 FOTD that will significantly improve MTBF at the magazine/cartridge interface and extend the cables mission life. The current system will be analyzed and documented by generating a Failure Modes Effects Analysis based on failure and maintenance reports. From this analysis several innovative designs will be developed. These designs will then undergo a trade off analysis to determine the most viable design to meet the requirements of the ALE-55 FOTD. The product of this effort is to develop a specification that will be used in the development of an engineering design model in Phase 2. Included in the Phase 1 effort will be the fabrication of a cable capable of supporting the expected loads while being exposed to a simulated jet exhaust. Also provided will be a blind mate connector design showing a self-wiping capability. The result of this effort will be the development of a specification for use in a Phase II effort. This technology development will enable provide miniature high temperature cable and connectors for industrial and hostile environments found in process industries. |
| CERAMATEC, INC.
2425 South 900 West Salt Lake City, UT 84119 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 956-1000
Dr. Balakrishnan Nair NAVY 01-164 Awarded: 15NOV01 |
| Title: | MICRO-FABRICATED CERAMIC COMPONENTS FOR OPTICAL FIBER CONNECTORS IN HARSH OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project is designed to develop and characterize a novel ceramic material and microcomponent fabrication technique for application as optic fiber connectors in harsh operational environments experienced by the Integrated Defense Electronics Countermeasures (IDECM) ALE-55 Fiber Optic Towed Decoy (FOTD). Current fiber-optic connectors do not possess the desired mechanical performance and high-temperature performance for FOTD applications, and often have a high failure rate during operational conditions. The objective of the proposed research project is to utilize an innovative, cost-effective technique for microfabrication of ceramic components, developed at Ceramatec Inc., to fabricate optical fiber connectors with mechanical and thermomechaniccal properties superior to current silicon technology. The proposed process is a low-temperature, net-shape fabrication technique that is expected to be efficient, cost-effective, scalable and environmentally friendly (no-byproducts). The proposed material is a nanophase ceramic whose composition and microstructure can be tailored, depending on the specific requirements of the application, by simple changes in the processing technique. Our research will involve materials processing optimization and characterization of material properties including mechanical properties and thermal shock performance as a function of material composition and microstructure. Successful completion of Phase I and Phase II of the proposed research project will result in an alternative to silicon processing technology that would be attractive for a very large industrial sector, namely the fiber optic communications industry. The high production capacity and tight dimensional tolerances for components fabricated using this material/technique makes it an attractive option for optic fiber component manufacturers, who are interested in faster techniques to process components with dimensional tolerances similar to that achieved by silicon technology. Further, the fabrication technique also has direct relevance to other products like micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), packaging for electronic components and microchannel devices. |
| FIBER MATERIALS, INC.
5 Morin Street Biddeford, ME 04005 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(207) 282-5911
Mr. Brock Gilbertson NAVY 01-164 Awarded: 21NOV01 |
| Title: | Fiber Optic Cables and Connectors |
| Abstract: | Burn-through of the cables used in the Integrated Defense Electronics Countermeasures (IDECM) ALE-55 Fiber Optic Towed Decoy (FOTD) system as installed on the F/A-18E/F precludes successful operation of the FOTD. The currently used organic fibers do not retain their strength when exposed to the extremely high temperatures of the aircraft exhaust. Fiber Materials, Inc. proposes an innovative solution to the burn-through problem by utilizing a high strength, commmercially available fiber with a higher maximum use temperature. FMI will also utilize ablative materials to keep the temperature of the cable below its failure temperature. In Phase I, FMI will perform elevated temperature tensile strength testing (up to 1000§C in air) of the proposed towlines. The benefit of this SBIR project will be candidate material systems for high temperature, high strength towlines for Fiber Optic Towed Decoys (FOTD). The successful conclusion of this research will allow reliable deployment and use of the FOTD system to protect US military aircraft from enemy missiles. Approximately 20,000 disposable towline units are planned for the F/A18, F-15, and various other platforms. Industrial applications that will benefit from this research include space tethers, high temperature seals, and high temperature cables for the geothermal and mining industries. |
| AMERICAS PHENIX
121 Tennessee Avenue, N.E. Washington, DC 20002 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(202) 546-7442
Mr. Marcio Duffles NAVY 01-165 Awarded: 28DEC01 |
| Title: | Corrosion/Erosion Resistant Coatings for Turbine Compression Systems |
| Abstract: | The proposed Corrosion/Erosion Resistant (C/ER) coating is a multi-layered "Titanium-Nitride" coating that is applied to different compressor airfoils via a Cathodic-Arc Physical Vapor Deposition process. The C/ER coating has been applied to over 2000 Russian manufactured TV2-117 turboshaft engines and demonstrated significant operational savings due to decreased rejection of compressor airfoils, decreased fuel consumption and increased operational hours before engine overhaul. In addition, the C/ER coating recently completed a successful Foreign Comparative Test (FCT) test & evaluation program for application on a GE T64-419 turboshaft engine. The C/ER Coating process and composition can be optimized for different gas turbine engine compressor systems and subsystems. For example, the coating composition can be enhanced to provide greater corrosion protection and maintain erosion protection, and the coating application can be optimized for application on single compressor airfoils, vane segments, blisk rotors and centrifugal compressors. The anticipated benefits of the C/ER Caoting includes decreased total ownership cost to the operator via: a reduced number of compressor airfoil subsystems rejected due to corrosion or erosion; increased engine performance due to decreased compressor degradation, increased mean-time between engine repair and increased engine time-on-wing. These anticipated benefits can be realized for gas turbine compression systems and subsystems on military and commercial air, ground and marine vehicles. |
| SURMET CORP.
33 B Street Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 272-3250
Dr. Suri A. Sastri NAVY 01-165 Awarded: 23DEC01 |
| Title: | Dense, Hard Tough Coatings for Corrosion and Erosion Resistance Applications |
| Abstract: | Engine corrosion and erosion of compressor blades and vanes has been a critical degrader of gas turbine engine fleet for naval applications. Corrosion of compressor airfoils has also been found to be a major problem causing high compressor airfoil scrap rate, more frequent engine overhauls and an appreciable engine performance reduction with operational time. Protection of these systems involves coating the gas turbine compression system parts with an erosion/corrosion resistant coating. Surmet proposes an innovative coating structure that will combat the naval environment involving corrosion and erosion (salt, air steam sand and dust ingestion). The structure provides high toughness, high strength and very low coefficient of friction. Preliminary erosion tests indicate high potential of these coatings for providing erosion resistance. In Phase I, Surmet will demonstrate feasibility of achieving high erosion resistance via fabrication of coated coupons and extensive microstructural, mechanical and erosion characterization. Surmet has teamed up with a major aircraft manufacturer to demonstrate applicability of the coating to a prototype component in Phase I Option. In Phase II, the coating technology will be optimized through coating and system level characterization of a large number of components. A Phase III commercialization plan will be developed for rapid insertion of the technology in operating aircraft. Gas turbine engines (SDCs) are used in a variety of military and commercial aircraft. Development of corrosion and erosion resistant coatings will prevent rapid erosion and catastrophic system failure in dusty and naval environments, prolonging component life and reducing life cycle costs. Erosion resistant coatings will also have application in commercial equipment such as pumps, compressors, energy generation equipment (erosive effluents), mining equipment, etc. |
| UES, INC.
4401 Dayton-Xenia Road Dayton, OH 45432 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 426-6900
Dr. Amarendra K. Rai NAVY 01-165 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of Corrosion/Erosion Resistant Coatings for Turbine Compression Systems |
| Abstract: | Erosion and corrosion of compressor blades and vanes have been critical degraders to the life of the gas turbine engine fleet for naval applications. Similar problems also exist for civilian aircraft engines. Protection of turbine compression systems has historically consisted of coating airfoil surfaces. New and advanced base material systems and advanced engine configurations are under development. Thus, new coating deposition techniques which can be applied without degrading advanced material systems and engine configuration are required. UES, Inc. proposes to utilize a patented vacuum filtered arc based technology for coating application. The coating systems will be characterized in terms of their composition and corrosion/erosion performance. Based upon their performance ranking, coating(s) and coating process(s) will be identified for further development in Phase II. Successful completion of the project will provide demonstrated knowledge about the coatings and deposition technology for mitigating corrosion/erosion of advanced turbine compression systems of military as well as civilian aircraft. There is application potential of coatings to a broad range of air, ship , automotive vehicles and in metal machining. |
| TREX ENTERPRISES CORP.
10455 Pacific Center Court San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(808) 245-6465
Dr. Clifford T. Tanaka NAVY 01-166 Awarded: 22OCT01 |
| Title: | Multi-Channel Electronic Scanning Module for an Ultrahigh Frequency (UHF) Circular Array |
| Abstract: | The objective of this project is the development of a control module capable of providing the excitation for the Navy's UHF electronically scanned array radar currently under development. This radar will enable enhanced beam agility and scan rates over present radar systems. The Navy has identified a need for a scanning module able to direct a tapered excitation to a subset of a fifty-four element array. The solution Trex Enterprises proposes is a module which integrates basic branchline couplers with advanced, high-power ferroelectric phase shifters. Branchline couplers are commonly used as beam splitters or combiners in microwave electronics. The novel design proposed utilizes the phase shifting capability of ferroelectrics to achieve independent control over the phase and output power to each of the array elements. This enables a tapered excitation to the array with enhanced gain and maximum power efficiency in a compact, lightweight package. In Phase I of this project, Trex shall develop a detailed design of the control module, including the device layout, dimensional, thermal and electrical specifications. 1. Military airborne radar with superior beam agility. 2. Wireless data transmission. 3. Cellular base stations. |
| AFR/APSI - JOINT VENTURE
87 Church Street East Hartford, CT 06108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 528-9806
Mr. James R. Markham NAVY 01-167 Awarded: 05NOV01 |
| Title: | Emissions Reduction by Catalytic Reformulation of Jet Fuel |
| Abstract: | Many of the naval bases proposed to accept deployment of the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) are in non-attainment of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for the emissions of ozone precursors: oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and reactive volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The emissions of particulate matter including soot are also a concern. The Navy would benefit from a cleaner fuel so that high performance engines can run cleaner and criteria pollutants in the exhaust, regulated by the Clean Air Act, will be reduced. This proposal addresses contaminant reduction by catalytic reformulation of the jet fuel. The Phase I project will demonstrate the feasibility of a novel, innovative fuel catalyst that will significantly lower the pollution emissions from engines fired with jet fuel. It will be demonstrated that treated fuel will exhibit an improvement in thermal stability and meet other chemical and physical requirements for jet fuel. The project will then proceed with combustion testing with emissions monitoring to verify the emissions reduction needed by the Navy. In addition to emissions reduction, the product could also improve the quality of jet fuels subjected to long term storage, and in foreign source locations where quality control may not be as stringent. The success of this project will provide significant benefit to the Navy's deployment of the JSF and to key air platform technology areas of the DoD that rely on jet fuels. However, engine emissions are a problem both in the private sector and DoD. Currently, the DoD has in service 63,000 turbine engines, and commercial and general aviation aircraft rely on 65,000 turbine engines. Consumption of fuel is on the order of 70+ million barrels per year of JP-8 by the DoD and 300+ million barrels per year of commercial jet fuel by domestic airlines. Large growth of these markets is to happen over the next several years. A federal objective is to double the capacity of the U.S. aviation system within 10 years and triple it within 25 years in anticipation of commercial and general aviation growth. The DoD projects more than 3,000 advanced turbine engines will be needed for JSF military aircraft in the next 15 years. The jet fuel market for the catalyst is already substantial, and sustainable for years to come. |
| DIRECTED VAPOR TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONA
P.O. Box 329 Free Union, VA 22940 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(804) 825-1345
Dr. Douglas T. Queheillalt NAVY 01-168 Awarded: 03DEC01 |
| Title: | Thin Layered Damping Treatments for Turbo Machinery |
| Abstract: | Rotors, such as for gas turbine engines and the like, are typically subjected to high stresses and high temperatures. Extensive efforts have been made over the years to develop new alloys, new fabrication techniques, and new component designs which permit operation of these rotors at higher operating temperatures and/or which lead to lighter weight, longer lived components. State-of-the-art designs of compressor and turbine rotors for aircraft gas turbine engines are using integrally bladed rotor (IBR) technologies (rotor and blades are one piece - continuous structure). The advantage of this one-piece construction is weight savings and reduced losses from cavity flows inherent with a bladed disk. The disadvantage comes from the reduction of overall damping provided by the friction interface at the blade/disk attachment. The first approach we will pursue using the DVD process will make use of a porous columnar Ni- or Ti- alloy to perform the bulk of the energy conversion. Another approach will pursue using the DVD process will make use of a cellular NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) to perform the bulk of the energy conversion. The coatings will consist of a compliant bondcoat, porous columnar or cellular SMA and constraining layer. Development of a cost effective vapor deposition method for the production of multi-layered damping structures. |
| FORTIS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
P.O. Box 66618 Los Angeles, CA 90066 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 429-3609
Dr. Wade Pulliam NAVY 01-168 Awarded: 13NOV01 |
| Title: | Thin-Layer Magnetostrictive Damping for Compressor Blade Damping |
| Abstract: | Fortis Technology proposes to use their novel manufacturing technique based on magnetic fields to distribute nano-particulate in a polymer resin and apply it in thin-layer on turbomachinery blades for vibration damping. These magnetostrictive particulates, to be included in the resin, provide damping through domain wall switching, a non-conservative action which provides a high loss factor. These nanocomposites can be easily fabricated into thin films, provide stiffness and strength while also incorporating novel damping capabilities which exceed in performance and temperature range viscoelastic materials, the current state of the art for blisk damping. The objective of this program is to demonstrate that magnetic fields can be used to effectively distribute the nano-particles throughout the thin film and produce a composite with properties superior to conventional polymer systems. Once demonstrated, we believe this economical process can easily be scaled up to large structures and commercially implemental for a variety of applications. The passive damping technology provides extremely large damping losses in a structurally stiff polymer and carbon fiber composites. Currently damping is either active (expensive and complex) or uses viscoelastic materials (poor structural coupling and temperature range). The magnetostrictive particulate composite technology, patent applied and licensed by Fortis Technologies, provides a simple, large temperature range, high stiffness materials to be used in many applications where the current technologies fall short. Fortis sees application of this technology for improvements in sporting goods, power/hand tools, space launch and satellite design, noise abatement and vibration isolation. |
| AGILTRON CORP.
20 Arbor Lane Winchester, MA 01890 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 933-0513
Dr. Jing Zhao NAVY 01-169 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Novel Beam Steering for Infrared Countermeasure |
| Abstract: | The traditional way of steering light is using turnable mirrors, prisms or other optical components by mechanical actuators. These are usually large, heavy and consume relatively high powers. Moreover, the rate/speed at which light can be modulated is slow compared with today's demand on switching speeds and modulation frequencies. There is considerable value of adding non-mechanical steering of laser beams. Many military and civilian applications would benefit from the proposed devices to electronically control and switch light. Based on innovative material engineering, Agiltron Corporation proposes to develop a novel solid-state beam steering technology. Our approach has leading edge performance attributes which include large dynamic angular range of +-45o, high speed operation of sub-microsecond, little beam distortion and loss, high optical power handling, low power consumption, rugged to withstanding, and long operating life. Moreover, the design is simple, compact, light weight, and low cost. It is anticipated that state-of-the-art performance in several key specifications can be achieved through this program. Prototype device will be fabricated to demonstrate functionality in Phase I. Applications for optical scanning products include laser imaging, DNA biochip analysis, laser vision correction, direct to plate printing and virtually hundreds of laser-based material processing applications (cutting, coding, drilling, marking, welding, heat treatment, etc.) used in the manufacturing of semiconductor, electronic, telecommunication optics and automotive products. |
| OPTRA, INC.
461 Boston Street Topsfield, MA 01983 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 887-6600
Dr. Michael Hercher NAVY 01-169 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Compact and Robust Beam Steering for IRCM Applications |
| Abstract: | A technique based on a pair of in-line cesium bromide prisms is proposed for the rapid and reliable steering of a 5-watt laser beam as part of an Infra-Red Counter-Measure system for use in naval aircraft. To steer the beam, both prisms are rotated about an axis coincident with the incoming laser beam axis. By using prisms with a 24ø angle, laser beams with a wavelength between 0.5 micron and 5.0 microns can be steered in any direction up to 45ø from the incoming beam axis. This range can easily be increased by adding a reverse telescope immediately following the prism pair. The beam steering angle is to first order insensitive to tilts and displacements of the prism pair, and the prism/motor structure is compact and has a high mechanical resonant frequency. These factors work to minimize the systems sensitivity to vibrations. The approach is based on mature technologies and should lead to a robust, reliable, accurate, and economical solution to the Navy's beam-steering problem. Static in-line beam-steering, continuous spiral laser beam scans, high-speed and high-resolution random access beam-steering with very high optical efficiency. |
| ELECTRODYNAMICS ASSOC., INC.
409 Eastbridge Drive Oviedo, FL 32765 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 977-1825
Mr. Jay Vaidya NAVY 01-170 Awarded: 05NOV01 |
| Title: | New Cooling Technology to Increase Aircraft Generators Power Rating |
| Abstract: | A number of Navy aircraft including P-3, E-2C, and C-130 have electric power systems that use Honeywell generator type 28B95. This generator was rated at 60-kVA per military standard Mil-G-21480A and is capable of providing up to 90-kVA output during flight. Due to the growth in Avionics, it is desirable to increase the power by 30 to 50%. This must be accomplished within the existing constraints of size, thermal management, and control system to the extent possible. Electrodynamics Associates, Inc. has set up working relationship with Honeywell to obtain the essential technical data for the current design from which the enhancements will be made. Improving the electromagnetic capability through use of better magnetic materials, and using cooling techniques suggested in Eddie Sines' innovation are the 2 main approaches to increased power capability. Mechanical and structural design, and control and protection circuit compatibility with the existing power will be also considered. A team of experts is assembled to address all these issues. During the Phase I program, a preliminary generator design layout showing the enhanced design will be prepared. Experimental verification of the cooling scheme and final layout and bill of materials will be done in Phase I Option. This will form the basis of fabrication, and demonstration of the generator during the potential Phase II contract. Most aircraft have 400 Hz. ac elctric power systems. The proposed air cooled generator will be applicable to many existing aircraft systems where large power capability is required without change of other interfacing mechanical and control system components in a cost effective manner. |
| INNOVATIVE POWER SOLUTIONS, LLC
22 Meridian Road, Suite 3 Eatontown, NJ 07724 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 544-1075
Mr. Scott Jacobs NAVY 01-170 Awarded: 07NOV01 |
| Title: | New Cooling Technology to Increase Aircraft Generators Power Rating |
| Abstract: | Commercial and military aircrafts are kept in service for longer periods than originally intended, and many aircrafts designed and built in the 60's and 70's (e.g., CH-46, 737), are still in service with no immediate replacement plan. At the same time, avionic equipment and advanced weapon systems were developed, which require much more electric power than was originally perceived when the aircrafts were designed. Installing new generators, which provide additional electric power is limited by the available space and existing aircraft interfaces that cannot be changed, since it will have a significant effect on engine and accessory gearbox design and other aircraft systems. It would be very beneficial if a new generator with 30% to 50% more power, with same envelope and installation interfaces, could replace the existing aircraft generator without changing any aircraft systems/interfaces. A way to increase power output and maintain weight and size is to improve the cooling system, so that higher power densities could be accomplished without effecting generator life and reliability. This proposal, geared for the P-3 aircraft, is for a generator with an improved air cooled design, which provides at least 33% more power output, in the same envelope without requiring any aircraft changes. The cooling technology developed under this effort will have widespresd application in generators and transformers. Improved heat removal will allow for an increase the power density of electromagnetic devices, which will result in smaller size and weight or increased power output. The results of this effort will benefit the airlicraft industry, both military and commercial, that is constantly looking for more electrical power at a lower power to weight ratio. The results of this program will also be beneficial to consumer products and industrial applications because of improvements in thermal efficiency and reliability. |
| AEROARTS LLC
4611 Rockbluff Drive Rolling Hills Estate, CA 90274 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 548-0927
Mr. Brooke Smith NAVY 01-171 Awarded: 13NOV01 |
| Title: | Quantified Unsteady Flow |
| Abstract: | AeroArts, a small Limited Liability Company, proposes to develop an experimental test method to improve data accuracy for simulation and prediction of unsteady aerodynamics. The method will capitalize on the advantages of testing in water utilizing our new model support and balance system. Accurate force and moment data and flow visualization records of models undergoing motions in up to six degrees of freedom will be collected simultaneously. Effects of time delays, hysteresis and other unsteady and nonlinear phenomena will be included. These effects will be examined using parameter identification methods, both in the time and frequency domains. The method with its hardware and software will have application to markets for both military and commercial aircraft development and to education and research facilities. A significant number of other aircraft manufacturers, along with research and educational institutions around the world, have active water tunnels from different manufacturers, and this represents the marketplace for the AeroArts Scorpio system. Following thorough validation of the concept in Phase II, a significant percentage of these facilities would benefit from the capability to correlate video capture with dynamic force and moment measurement |
| BIHRLE APPLIED RESEARCH, INC.
400 Jericho Turnpike Jericho, NY 11753 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 766-2416
Mr. David Gingras NAVY 01-171 Awarded: 05NOV01 |
| Title: | Visualization and Quantification System for Modeling Unsteady Aerodynamics for Aircraft Simulations |
| Abstract: | Novel approaches in the real-time synchronization and reduction of surface pressure data, flow flied velocities, and force and moment measurements will provide the experimental tools necessary to advance the state of the art in unsteady aerodynamics testing, modeling, and analysis. Using these tools during dynamic wind-tunnel tests, data will be collected and applied to extensions of unsteady aerodynamic response models based on nonlinear indicial response and internal state methods. Phase I efforts will focus on the analysis of timing, and frequency response of key components in the wind-tunnel test set-up. A limited experiment will be used to verify data synchronization algorithms and related software. Also during phase I, an investigation of the formulation of functional components of nonlinear indicial response and internal state approaches to unsteady modeling. With this information, further investigation into appropriate test motions and reduction techniques will also be performed. Software tools for real time flow visualization and data reduction will become a commercial product. Interest is anticipated in the aircraft industry as well as the automotive and motor sports industries. BAR will also provide addition testing, analysis, and modeling capabilities as a result of this effort that will be offered to both commercial and civil aviation industries. |
| EIDETICS CORP.
3425 Lomita Blvd. Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 326-8228
Dr. Michael Kerho NAVY 01-171 Awarded: 13NOV01 |
| Title: | Flowfield Tool For Enhanced Modeling of Unsteady Aerodyanmics in Aircraft Simulation |
| Abstract: | It is proposed to setup a full volume 3D particle tracking velocimetry system and expand on an existing particle tracking code to obtain quantitative flow visualization of the entire flow field around an airplane model in a low speed water tunnel. The off-body flowfield data will be used to describe and model the unsteady velocity field by a finite number of elementary Rankine-vortices, which will also demonstrate vortex breakdown. It is postulated that surface pressures on the model can be derived with sufficient accuracy from the energy equation by estimating the vortex-induced pressures on the model surface. Simultaneous measurements of the global forces and moments using a classical sting balance coupled with the quantitative flow visualization will be used to create a physically representative nonlinear aerodynamic model. The ultimate goal of this program is to provide a time accurate math model for the high fidelity simulation of aircraft. It is anticipated that the model will be real time capable upon sufficient optimization of the vortex model. The proposed invention has considerable commercial sales potential in the fluid mechanics research community and also for industrial aerodynamic design. The combination of real time quantitative flow visualization and integral aerodynamic force and moment measurements is unique and will stir interest in the product in sales and in service. This measurement tool will help to optimize preliminary design study and also help understand the nonlinear behavior of forces and moments in the high AOA regime of modern fighter aircraft. |
| EIC LABORATORIES, INC.
111 Downey Street Norwood, MA 02062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 769-9450
Dr. Krishna C. Mandal NAVY 01-172 Awarded: 28SEP01 |
| Title: | Crystal Growth and Characterization of High-Quality Erbium-Doped KPb2Cl5:A Novel Mid-Infrared Laser Material |
| Abstract: | This Phase 1 project will investigate the crystal growth aspects and optoelectronic characterization of a new ternary alkali lead chloride material, Er-doped KPb2Cl5, which recently showed high promise in mid-infrared (3-4.5 um) laser applications. In particular, it has an excellent potential as a mid-infrared laser because of two factors: 1) the high concentration of erbium ions (2 x 10^20 ions/cm^3) with its large cross section provides excellent energy storage lifetimes (~ms), and 2) the crystals are hard and very stable at or above room temperature, enabling practical large scale laser sources. The goals of the Phase I project are to identify and select optimum growth conditions for ultrapure high quality erbium (Er)-doped KPb2Cl5 large single crystals in a cost-effective way, to develop new post-growth treatments to improve the quality of the grown crystals, and to characterize various optoelectronic properties in order to demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating mid-infrared lasers from these crystals. The proposed material would be used to fabricate compact, highly efficient mid-infrared (IR) laser, which would find application in remote sensing instrumentation, IR countermeasures, molecular spectroscopic studies, and in environmental monitoring. |
| SENSARRAY CORP.
3 Ray Avenue Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-7373
Mr. David R. Gabbe NAVY 01-172 Awarded: 28SEP01 |
| Title: | New Mid-Infrared (IR) Laser Materials |
| Abstract: | A new low photon energy host, which is much more stable than the lanthanide trichlorides is of current interest for direct mid-infrared rate earth lasers that operate at room temperature. Applications are in pollution control, ground vehicle protection, spectroscopy, remote sensing, countermeasures and imaging. Crystals currently grown by the Bridgman method in sealed silica ampoules are not widely available. Growth of crystals heavily doped with Er3+ of interest to this program still requires process improvement and advancement in materials chemistry. SensArray will develop the Czochralski method for growth of KPb2Cl5 from a stoichiometric melt with emphasis on Er3+ doping. A system of demountable fused silica furnaces and supporting purification equipment to facilitate processing in a chlorinating atmosphere will be developed to prevent oxidation and hydrolysis. The process and equipment will be suited to scale-up and transition to commercialization. Development of a crystal growth process that will lead to higher quality materials than one currently available. |
| ADVANCED POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1250 24th Street, NW, Suite 850 Washington, DC 20037 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 549-2412
Dr. James Galambos NAVY 01-173 Awarded: 23OCT01 |
| Title: | Non-Explosive Broadband Acoustic Source for Multi-Static Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) |
| Abstract: | The U.S. Navy has developed an important ASW capability using impulsive sources to provide broadband spectral illumination for submarine detection. Present sonobuoy sources use high explosives to achieve the required source levels. Explosives present serious safety hazards and subsequently incur significant operational and manufacturing costs. Additionally, explosives produce inherently short (<100 micro-second) high intensity pulses, which are not efficient for creating low frequency acoustic energy. Advanced Power Technologies, Inc. (APTI) proposes to develop a non-explosive source by electrically initiating combustion of aluminum with water to create a long (milli-seconds) high-energy acoustic pulse. The aluminum/water reaction is highly energetic (15 kj/g aluminum) and affords the opportunity to use surrounding seawater as the oxidizer such that the energy output exceeds present explosive driven buoy systems. APTI has significant experience combusting aluminum and water and has demonstrated this combustion technique using solid aluminum wire, water, and battery to generate pressures in excess of 50 kpsi to accelerate projectiles. The immediate benefit of this program is to provide the Navy with a substantially safer and less expensive inventory of anti-submarine warfare sono-buoys. Present systems contain high-explosives that require special handling and care to both manufacture and deploy. The proposed concept will eliminate those explosives and lower overall lifecycle costs by eliminating the need to handle explosive materials. Commercially, an immediate market for several thousand buoys exists to upgrade and replace the present systems both in the US and abroad. The long term benefit of this program is to eliminate the use of highly toxic and expensive underwater propellants with a safe environmentally friendly energy source for underwater vehicles, both commercial and defense related. Developing the proposed impulsive source is the first step leading to steady state combustion of aluminum and seawater. The commercial potential for an efficient, safe, underwater energy source is tremendous. |
| INOVATI
PO Box 60007 Santa Barbara, CA 93160 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 571-8384
Dr. Ralph M. Tapphorn NAVY 01-173 Awarded: 05NOV01 |
| Title: | Solid-state Spray Forming of Thermite and Porous Aluminum for Aluminum-Water Acoustic Sources |
| Abstract: | Development of broadband acoustic sources using an aluminum-water reaction can now be attained using a solid-state spray forming technology to consolidate aluminum powders into porous foam structures and thermite composite igniters. The Navy is currently seeking a non-explosive command activated broadband acoustic source for multi-static anti-submarine warfare. Key attributes for attaining a stoichiometric yield of an aluminum-water explosion depend on ignition-threshold temperature, heat rates, particle size, seawater infiltration, and sustaining transportation of seawater steam into the aluminum matrix during the confined reaction. Thermite composite igniters are the only low power (electrical) candidates for providing a sufficiently uniform heat impulse with a threshold temperature >1170 K for the confined mixture. The object of the Phase I research is to investigate parametric configurations for an aluminum-water acoustic source consolidated with aluminum powders using the solid-state spray forming technology. The intended application is a low cost and safe replacement for the high-energy explosive capsules currently used on the SSQ-110 sonobuoys. The object of the Phase I "fast track" option is to begin initial Phase II activities with detailed design of housings, deployment mechanisms, the ignition and control systems necessary to deploy and direct a broadband acoustic pulse. Development of a high-energy underwater acoustic source has excellent dual use applications. Military acquisition of thermite materials includes underwater acoustic sources, miniature interceptor components, initiators, rocket igniters, IR decoys, time delay elements, incendiary ammunition, and destruct systems. Commercial applications in the oil exploration industry include the use of thermite igniters in aluminum-water activated detonators for sounding rockets, land and underwater devices and borehole-coring guns. The basic technology also permits rapid prototyping and near-net-shape fabrication of particle reinforced metal matrix composites. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
7519 Standish Place, Suite 200 Rockville, MD 20855 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 222-0444
Dr. Chiman Kwan NAVY 01-174 Awarded: 13NOV01 |
| Title: | A Novel Wireless System for Structural Integrity Monitoring of Aircraft |
| Abstract: | Intelligent Automation, Incorporated (IAI) and its subcontractor, Penn State U., propose a novel system to detect damage in aircraft structures. The system combines a novel wireless sensor for signal acquisition and a robust software for fault prognosis. The sensor is known as SAW-IDT (Surface Acoustic Wave Interdigital Transducer). It is low cost, passive, compact, and can be operated in a wireless manner. The sensor has been proven to be useful for sensing cracks in rivet holes. Other structural defects such as corrosion, delamination, fatigue cracking can also be detected. The second element of the system is an automatic fault prognosis tool, which consists of Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ), and Hidden Markov Model (HMM). PCA is a popular neural network tool for extracting useful features. LVQ is used to generate the code sequence. HMM has been proven to be extremely useful in several applications, including some use for equipment diagnostics. However, unlike conventional usage of HMM for fault isolation, HMM is used here to perform both fault prognosis and diagnosis. Our proposed system can perform continuous monitoring of aircraft structures in both ground and in-flight situations, and the sensors can be easily embedded into the structure. The ability to predict the onset of structural failures is critical for reducing cost and improving safety in aircraft. At the end of Phase 2, we will have a system with both hardware and software for structural failure prognosis and diagnosis. The system will perform continuous monitoring of aircraft structures in both ground and in-flight situations. We expect the market for this system to be at least 10 million dollars. |
| JENTEK SENSORS, INC.
110-1 Clematis Avenue Waltham, MA 02453 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 642-9666
Dr. Neil Goldfine NAVY 01-174 Awarded: 13NOV01 |
| Title: | Wireless Communications with Electromagnetic Sensor Networks for Nondestructive Evaluation |
| Abstract: | Many aircraft components that were originally designed to last the design life of aircraft without experiencing cracking are now failing in service as a result of corrosion and fatigue damage. These components are often in difficult-to-access locations. This proposal addresses the need for wireless communication with networks of leave-in-place nondestructive evaluation sensors for inspection of such locations. Eddy current sensors, in particular, have proven most sensitive and reliable for many aircraft NDE requirements. Surface mountable, conformable eddy current sensors, called MWM-Arrays, have been successfully demonstrated for detection of early stage cracking and monitoring of fatigue cracks in fatigue tests. This has been demonstrated both on external surfaces and between metal layers. These sensors are also suitable for monitoring of corrosion fatigue. This Phase I will include detailed design of a wireless eddy current sensor network and assessment of the feasibility of implementing such a network on Navy aircraft. In Phase II, a prototype system including miniaturized sensor electronics and wireless communication will be fabricated and tested. This system will reduce the costs of labor intensive inspections of difficult-to-access locations by reducing or eliminating required disassembly and surface preparation. It will also provide easier access to near real-time condition assessment information. Wireless communication to and within networks of leave-in-place eddy current sensors will have substantial commercial applications, not only in aerospace, but also in energy, construction, and manufacturing. Eliminating the costs of disassembly, accessing remote locations and surface preparation will provide substantial return on investment for inspection applications on commercial aircraft and civil structures. Furthermore, wireless networks of low cost and light weight electromagnetic sensors, including eddy current sensors, can be used to reduce exposure to hazardous environments for inspectors. Finally, capability to detect hidden damage early and execute alternative actions with near real-time information can improve safety and ultimately reduce costs. |
| NASCENT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS, LLC
P. O. Box 1470 Yorktown, VA 23692 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 224-0687
Dr. Joseph S. Heyman NAVY 01-174 Awarded: 13NOV01 |
| Title: | Wireless Leave-In-Place Aircraft Structural Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Sensors |
| Abstract: | Wireless NDE is a dream ready to become a reality. The increase in capability of commercial systems for communication and computation has opened the door for many novel new NDE applications. As with any breakthrough, the first runners set the tone for acceptance for those who follow. Nascent is committed to utilize this SBIR opportunity to develop a practical NDE system to monitor selected critical parameters that assess structural integrity of aircraft systems. Embedded, wireless, multi-modal sensor modules at global and critical local sites will be the heart of our concept. The system will monitor factors such as such as strain and ultrasonic propagation, linked to structural degradation at critical sites and maintain records of global phenomena, such as vibration and temperature for integrated assessments. The measurements will be processed in situ and will communicate with the outside world via wireless interrogation. The first stage of this project is agreement on critical aircraft sensors and Naval monitoring needs to insure that our focus is on priority targets. The success of this Phase I SBIR project will drive exciting new applications for both NDE and wireless systems. Nascent believes that the future of large-area and/or limited-access NDE applications lies in cost-effective, wireless in-situ devices such as the ones proposed in this project. Success in this project will hasten the transition of advanced diagnostic measurement techniques into non-aerospace markets. Potential applications include health monitoring of storage tanks, pressure vessels, nuclear waste containers, buildings and bridges. |
| PLANNING SYSTEMS, INC.
12030 Sunrise Valley Drive, Suite 400, Reston Plaz Reston, VA 20191 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 788-7737
Mr. David Minton NAVY 01-175 Awarded: 25OCT01 |
| Title: | CODEC (Code/Decode) for Digital Buoys in a Harsh RF Environment |
| Abstract: | Recent simulator studies have concluded that significant channel interference and fallout occur when interferors occur within the uplink transmission band. Although methods involving redundancy, encryption, compression, code/decode (CODEC) can address improvements in sensitivity, each is also susceptible to interference in the RF link domain. What is proposed here is an entirely new method of implementing Forward Error Correction (FEC) which uses a feature scale forecast model. It is anticipated that this method will decrease, by an order-of-magnitude, propagation errors due to the Bit Error Rate (BER) in the RF link domain. As more and more wireless devices take advantage of connectivity in the RF domain, susceptibility to the bit error rate (BER) will remain an issue. This problem will remain for devices in the digital domain, as well as in the analog domain. Digital devices include other digital sonobuoys and other digital in-situ sensors, digital telephones and digital assistants, such as the Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). Each of these devices communicates wirelessly using various message and packet structures, each of which could benefit by a forecast method for a Forward Error Correction (FEC) method. Research into the optimum method of implementing FEC for each of the various message and data domains will have to be conducted. In certain cases, it may be necessary to implement unique algorithms for the most efficiency, whereas more general algorithms and transformations may be useful for general connectivity. |
| RDA, INC.
P.O. Box 49 Doylestown, PA 18901 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 340-9514
Mr. Malachi E. Higgins NAVY 01-175 Awarded: 20NOV01 |
| Title: | CODEC (Code/Decode) for Digital Buoys in a Harsh RF Environment |
| Abstract: | In a tactical deployment of ADAR sonobuoys, a number of VHF "wideband" channels are used for the uplink communication between each sonobuouy and a tracking aircraft. In littoral environments close to shore-based commercial and other radio frequency emissions, the uplink frequency bands are subject to in-band radio frequency interference (RFI). Such RFI can result in a significant probability of failure of an ADAR tactic requiring a certain minimum number, say 8 or 4, of clear channels. Several possible and feasible approaches have the potential of offering substantially improved performance for the uplink communications in the assigned VHF bands for ADAR tactics. Current systems for satellite data links, wireless mobile telephony, terrestrial digital TV transmission, and generally digital data links, successfully deploy a variety of more sophisticated modulation and coding strategies. Under this Phase I effort we propose to consider the applicability of some promising techniques of modulation and coding for ADAR deployment, drawing upon the developments in data communications over the last two decades. The proposed improvements can have significant performance advantages for the current ADAR system: Not only will an increase in immunity to RFI interference be possible, but the efficiency and lower BER can also allow for trade-offs in channel assignments and use of buoy power. Further, the same techniques apply to future digital sonobuoy systems such as Compact Deployable Multistatic Receiver ("Super-ADAR"), Active Capable Expendable Surveillance (ACES), and Deployable Autonomous Distributed System (DADS). These systems use In-Buoy Signal Processing to reduce the uplink data rate, but will nevertheless benefit from the efficiencies of the proposed techniques. |
| MATHTECH, INC.
6402 Arlington Blvd., Suite 1200 Falls Church, VA 22042 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 294-5821
Ms. Jo Ellen Hayden NAVY 01-176 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Fiber Optic Ethernet for Aviation Intercommunications System Voice Transmission |
| Abstract: | Mathtech has developed a digital Advanced Inter-Communications System (AICS) for the E-2C aircraft. The AICS is an Ethernet-based system with many user-friendly features, and both weight and cost savings over competing systems. This proposal describes our approach to architecture and options for converting the AICS to a fiber optic bus. There is increased interest in the use of fiber optic voice and data transmission in military aircraft. Commercial applications include all aircraft as well as other industrial applications. |
| TECHNOSYS, INC.
3209A Corporate Court Ellicott City, MD 21042 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 461-5436
Mr. I. Anthony Krauth NAVY 01-176 Awarded: 28DEC01 |
| Title: | Fiber Optic Ethernet for Aviation Intercommunications System Voice Transmission |
| Abstract: | TechnoSys, Inc., proposes to develop a unique interface and network topology that will allow the use of the standard Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet protocols to be used in a distributed network composed of point-to-point connections. A Distributed Ethernet Adapter (DEA, implemented at each network node will perform the translation between Ethernet and the distributed network. The DEAs and point-to-point connections between nodes allow the central Hub or Switch presently required for all Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet systems to be eliminated and a more aircraft-compatible cable routing to be implemented. Several candidate Ethernet Adapter approaches have been conceived and are based on Bus, Ring, and Mesh topologies, with routing variations using Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM) techniques. The Phase I effort will evaluate and compare the candidate concepts and determine feasibility, taking into account any negative effects on real-time voice transmission, relative cost, availability of components, size, power, and relative reliability. The distribution media is assumed to be implemented as point-to-point fiberoptic. The Adapter itself will be a mix of electrical and fiber optic elements, depending on the candidate approach. A significant part of the Phase I effort will be devoted to the evaluation of state-of-the art fiber components. The Gigabit Ethernet Network Interface Card (NIC) market is expected to increase from 800K units in 2000 to 11.3M in 2004. The Distributed Ethernet Adapter (DEA) will allow Ethernet systems to operate without a centralized Hub or Switch, facilitating cabling of LANs and WANs. The distributed architecture is a particular benefit in non-benign electrical environments where the inherent noise immunity of fiberoptic distribution can be exploited. The distributed Ethernet topology allows the DEA to be incorporated in existing EMI/RFI shielded station-enclosures, while communicating voice and data over an EMI/RFI immune fiberoptic network. |
| METSS CORP.
300 Westdale Avenue Westerville, OH 43082 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(614) 797-2200
Dr. Donald M. Bigg NAVY 01-177 Awarded: 28DEC01 |
| Title: | Replacement Long-life Hydraulic Seal |
| Abstract: | In military aircraft, there is a high rate of premature failures of elastomeric seals that costs over $200,000,000 in annual repair. Because all hydraulic components rely on fluids for lubrication and cooling in service, when fluid is lost these components run dry and seize. The hydraulic fluid itself is also an environmental contaminant that contributes to collateral damage. Further, the fluid used in the environmental control system has contributed to electronic component damage through corrosive attack. As such, the seals play a critical role in ensuring mission readiness and system functionality. Currently, the hydraulic seals in question are manufactured from nitrile rubber compounds that do not maintain sufficient elasticity or integrity over the full range of mission profile temperatures. As a result, leakage occurs that is not always detected in time to prevent primary system or collateral damage. METSS will demonstrate the feasibility of exploiting recent advances in elastomer chemistry and available material technologies to develop materials as direct replacements for aircraft hydraulic system seals. METSS will build on recent developments in rubber chemistry that have resulted in the extension of performance properties at both low and high temperatures, and have already demonstrated significant potential to meet the service requirements. Leaking seals are found frequently enough to constitute a major problem, leading to performance shortcomings in service, as well as increased downtime for the aircraft as they are refitted. There is also a substantial cost associated with refitting the seals and replacing the hydraulic fluid. The hydraulic fluid itself can be quite corrosive, leading to degradation and the need to replace other parts. Because this a widespread problem common to military and commercial aircraft, the development of a reliable seal will improve mission readiness, sustainability, as well as provide cost savings. |
| PHOSPHAZENE CUSTOM SYNTHESIS, INC.
2820 East College Ave., Suite N State College, PA 16801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 865-3527
Dr. H. R. Allcock NAVY 01-177 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Hydraulic Seal Replacement |
| Abstract: | Chemical processes will be developed to examine the feasibility of the production of fluoroalkoxyphosphazene elastomers for use in hydraulic seal applications. The program is a collaboration between Phosphazene Custom Synthesis (PCS) and The Pennsylvania State University to establish the chemistry and engineering needed to optimize the properties and scale-up the preparation of these elastomers. The elastomers are expected to be superior to other materials for hydraulic applications. The work should initiate the commercial develpment of these elastomers in hydraulic, aerospace, and other applications. |
| BROADATA COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
2545 W. 237th Street, Suite K Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-1416
Dr. Freddie Lin NAVY 01-178 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Stacked Planar Waveguide Switching Array Technology |
| Abstract: | The Navy requires a switched fiber optical communication technology to implement fail-safe optical interconnections and provide real-time configuration of the cable plant for in-flight diagnostics. This photonic switching implementation must be highly scalable, accommodate at least a 32x32 or higher array in a small package. Its switching parameters have to be optimized for throughput, bandwidth, switching speed, power dissipation, packing density, and fan-out. To address this need, Broadata Communications, Inc. (BCI) proposes to develop a unique stacked planar waveguide switching (SPAS) technology. The SPAS combines three unique technologies: (1) a stacked waveguide coupling (SWC) package that miniaturizes the optical switching device's volume and power dissipation for a large sized switching array used for high bandwidth (>10Gb/s) data communications; (2) a waveguide grating switching (WGS) technology that allows ultrahigh speed (in the nanosecond range) switching; and (3) a resonated grating coupling (RGC) technology that maximizes the coupling efficiency and reduces overall insertion loss (<3dB per device). In Phase I, the concept and feasibility of this proposed SPAS network system will be developed. In addition to the Navy's optical network applications, this technology is also applicable to many military real time sensor data collection/processing operations and mission critical C3I network applications. The proposed technology is applicable to any commercial network applications that can benefit from an all optical network architecture. Potential applications include, but are not limited to, terabit routing networks, optical long-haul and metropolitan area networks, mission critical real time network operations, and crisis management data networks. |
| LIGHT BYTES, INC.
3361 Rouse Road, Suite 170 Orlando, FL 32817 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 381-1663
Dr. Nabeel Riza NAVY 01-178 Awarded: 05DEC01 |
| Title: | Mult-mode Fiber-Optic Switch |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project deals with multimode fiber-optic switching based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices and low loss efficient optics for military applications. The two approaches meet the rugged fail-safe optical interconnect requirements for implementing a multi-mode NxN fiber optical switch that allows aircraft redundancy management and computer data network applications. One approach is modular and uses compact 1x2 switches to build the larger 32 x 32 network. The alternate approach is a three dimensional MEMS approach that uses 2N mirrors to make a NxN multi-mode switch. The NxN switch delivers desirable capabilities in one optically reversible unit, making a high optical isolation, broadband operation, polarization and temperature insensitive robust system. Phase I research will concentrate on the design of the basic proposed switch structures and a proof of concept experimental demonstration will be performed to study, analyze and optimize basic switch performance. A 32 x 32 multi-mode fiber switch design will be analyzed. Groundwork will be laid to indicate technical concept selection and feasibility that will lead to a Phase II plan for prototyping and development of the 32x32 multimode fiber-optic switch. The proposed high speed, high isolation multi-mode fiber-optic switch can be used in optical switching applications such as : (a) Local area network (LAN) optical fiber line protection, (b) Gigabit Ethernet, (c) Computer Interconnects, (d) industrial controls, and (e) electrical power distribution via optical fiber. |
| OPTICOMP CORP.
PO Box 10779 Zephyr Cove, NV 89448 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(775) 588-4176
Mr. Peter Guilfoyle NAVY 01-178 Awarded: 04DEC01 |
| Title: | Fault Tolerant Distributed Optoelectronic Switch |
| Abstract: | The primary goal of the proposed Phase I effort is to develop a fault tolerant distributed optoelectronic switch. The crossbar switch will utilize wavelength division multiplexing to increase the throughput and enhance the fault tolerance. In addition, the distributed nature of the switch combined with its utilization of fan-in and fan-out provide a network that is highly fail safe, low latency, and protocal independent. The distributed optoelectronic switch architecture will be implemented with the company's enabling optoelectronic integrated circuit technologies. This system architecture can be readily employed in local, storage, metro, and wide area networks that require a high speed, flexible, fault tolerant solution that can be scaled to meet future needs. The proposed program will offer a dual-use commercialization opportunity for high speed switching networks because it will provide a protocal independent, fail safe architecture which can be readily implemented into both military and commercial fiber optic networks. The program technology has significant commercial potential in the LAN, SAN, MAN, and WAN sectors with projected sales in excess of $7 billion by 2003. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Electro-Optic & Holography Div, 20600 Gramercy Pla Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Tin M. Aye NAVY 01-178 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Optical Switch Based on Electro-Holographic Liquid Crystal Polymer Bragg Grating |
| Abstract: | Today's military aircraft and aerospace systems employ optical networks for data transmission. Data is bottlenecked in switching, which is currently performed by slow, bulky, heavy optomechanical methods. Fast electro-optical switches have been suggested as replacements, but these tend to have large insertion losses and low extinction ratios. The U.S. Navy is seeking a high-speed, low-loss, high extinction ratio optical switch for its optical networks. To address this need, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a novel optical switch based on liquid crystal polymer holographic Bragg grating nanotechnology. This concept is superior to existing switches in that it can switch in under 25 microseconds, has insertion loss below 1 dB, exhibits an extinction ratio above 50 dB, is nonmechanical, and scales to large array sizes. It can be designed to be narrowband for wavelength division multiplexing or broadband for greater system compatibility. The proposed optical switch technology is commercially attractive because it is based on mature volume holographic and liquid crystal/polymer nanotechnology. In Phase I, POC will design, fabricate and test the proposed optical switch technology, and demonstrate its feasibility by analytical calculation, computer modeling, and experimental demonstration. In Phase II, an advanced prototype will be fabricated and field tested. POC expects this unique switch to open a new market for rapid optical switches. The capabilities of this switch are far beyond what is commercially available today, and it will be useful in a wide range of applications, from DOD aircraft to cable television, from space-based radar systems to industrial control centers, from military control centers to internet-based high speed switches. |
| BODKIN DESIGN ENGINEERING
P.O. Box 81176 Wellesley, MA 02481 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 235-6351
Mr. Andrew Bodkin NAVY 01-179 Awarded: 22OCT01 |
| Title: | Low-Cost Dual-Mode (Visible/Infrared) Imager |
| Abstract: | The developed dual wave-band, Visible/Long Wave Infrared camera will permit the collection of data in two widely seperate bands. Its unique miniature footprint and sturdy design will allow the system to be easily integrated into missile seekers, head mounted imagers, vehicle mounted imagers, stationary imagers, and into airborne reconnaissance systems. The developed design will benfit military users who require dual wave-band information for their detection algorithms. But equally important, it's unique optical design will permit the simplification of all uncooled microbolometer camera optics. This benifit will greatly reduce costs of long focal length uncooled IR cameras systems industry wide. |
| EQUINOX CORP.
9 West 57th Street, Suite 1650 New York, NY 10019 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(212) 421-2999
Dr. Lawrence B. Wolff NAVY 01-179 Awarded: 22OCT01 |
| Title: | Low-Cost Dual Visible/Thermal IR Camera System |
| Abstract: | A simplified optical design is presented for a dual visible/thermal IR camera system that can be cost effective through modularity. This optical design has additional performance benefits supporting accurate co-registration of both modalities and simplifying end-user operation of the camera system. A low-cost visible/thermal IR camera system combines complementary technologies that can be useful for automatic target recognition, identification friend or foe, search and rescue, and firefighting |
| ZYBRON, INC.
3915 Germany Lane Beavercreek, OH 45431 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 427-2892
Dr. Evan Zhang NAVY 01-179 Awarded: 22OCT01 |
| Title: | Low-Cost Dual-Mode (Visible/Infrared) Imager |
| Abstract: | In order to overcome the short distance (it is critical for seeker) and high cost problems of the dual-mode imager using UFPA and fully meet the task requirement, very innovative ideas and designs are proposed: 1. By using a smaller UFPA format of 240x320/25 u and adding an immersed detector lens on it, the detection distance can be increased 8 times. 2. By designing a 150-mm and F/1 objective lens with non-Ge materials and using its simple production method, the price can be reduced to 1/3 of the Ge lens. 3. By using two heads and a video switch to let the VS and IR share time alternatively on the LCD, we are able to combine the VS and IR images together without blurring the overlapped image. 4. In order to eliminate the parallax between VS and IR for pixel by pixel image fusion and autonomous target recognition, three common optical apertures: common refractive objective lens, common reflective objective lens, and common beam splitter are designed. The common refractive objective lens uses ZnSe as the common front lens then uses normal glass for VS and IR glass for IR to correct their aberrations in VS (0.5-0.9 u) and IR (8-12 u), thus we don't need to correct aberrations in the whole band from 0.5 to 12 u. Without this innovative idea, it is impossible to design a lens for both sensors. 5. All existing UFPA imagers use traditional electronic circuit design with Thermal Electrical Cooler, thus the volume is big, the power consumption is large and the cost is high. Our new design only uses one Altera chip for all digital signal processing and does not use TEC. Therefore, a 3.5 OZ Si-bolometer IR imager (excluding lens) with 240x320/25 u resolution can be produced. Two 1.2 V Lithium "AAA" batteries can power the imager for half-hour. It will be long enough for seeker during its flying. 6. By using above innovative designs, the total volume of the dual-mode imager will be less than 7-cube, the weight will be less than 1.2 Lb, the resolution will be better than 0.25 mrd, the NETD will be less than 0.9 degree C, and the price will be less than $10 k. The imager will have RS-170 output, digitized imagery, signal interface, simultaneous display/processing, and electronic zooming. 7. We will deliver a dual-mode VS/IR imager prototype for seeker to Navy and conduct the lab and field testing. We also will give detailed optic, electronic and system designs and drawings to Navy. The proposed dual-mode imager not only will give great help to Navy for the development of new seeker, but also will greatly assist government agencies to detect and identify suspicious subjects without prompting flight or confrontation in a variety of environments (darkened buildings, jails, alleys, night scenes, smoke, dust, and other adverse weather conditions). Not only fire fighting, anti-terrorist, building security, and hunting, but also most squad cars and police helicopters would require this type of system. In most applications, the visible is used for daytime or artificially lit scenes and the infrared for smoggy or nighttime conditions. Under many daytime conditions, the visible and infrared images can be correlated with each other to maximize the information gathered. Maxtech International, Inc. has predicted that the US market for this type of imaging system will exceed 1.3 billion dollars by 2003. |
| MTI-MILLIREN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Two New Pasture Road Newburyport, MA 01950 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 465-6064
Mr. John DeGenova NAVY 01-180 Awarded: 16NOV01 |
| Title: | Low-Cost Global Positioning System (GPS) Oscillator |
| Abstract: | Next generation high performance Global Positioning System (GPS) guidance, tracking and timing systems will need to be smaller lighter and less costly. The oven controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO) is a key component in determing the performance of the GPS system. Conventional OCXO's suitable for precision GPS applications are large, require substantial amounts of power and are costly to manufacture. These limiting factors play a role in determining the overall size and cost of the GPS system. MTI has developed a very small and power efficient OCXO in our standard Model 220 which is currently manufactured in high volume. In Phase 1 we will focus on reducing the warm up time of the 220 and the amount of power required during the warm up mode. Our goal is to realize a warm-up time of <30 seconds while consuming 2 watts of power maximum. With some modification it is possible that MTI can offer a compact, power efficient, economical and specification compliant OCXO. MTI has been designing frequency control products for the commercial and military wireless industry since 1989. Our experience and engineering resources make us an excellent candidate to successfully perform the required research and development in Phase I that will allow us to fabricate and test prototypes in Phase II. Phase I research will provide the initial design work needed to modify MTI's standard model 220 OCXO to meet power requirements and stability performance over an extended temperature range. If successful this OCXO will minimize power supply requirements and the amount of board space required for mounting while meeting the unit target price of $125.00 in production quantities. This OCXO can be used in commercial and industrial tracking and timing systems for public safety, marine, avionics as well as military applications. |
| VISIDYNE, INC.
10 Corporate Place, South Bedford Street Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-2820
Mr. Geert Wyntjes NAVY 01-180 Awarded: 24OCT01 |
| Title: | Low Cost Photonic GPS Oscillator |
| Abstract: | The performance of a GPS receiver is critically dependent on its internal oscillator clock's long term stability, affecting time-to-first measurement and its short term, phase noise level, since it limits the ultimate precision with which a range increment can be recovered. Visidyne proposes to demonstrate that by adding a photonic control loop to an existing low cost RF oscillator both long term drift and short term, i.e., Allan variances can be greatly improved on. The goals for ready time, size/weight and power consumption as well as cost also appear to be within reach. High performance local oscillators with less jitter, lower phase noise are a critical element at both ends of the scale, low signal-to-noise as in a GPS receiver or in the case of multiple input signals of large magnitudes to reduce the intermodulation products. DoD needs include advanced digital intercept receivers, commercial uses are in wireless, e.g., cellular phone networks. |
| BONN CORP.
1350 E. Flamingo Road, #479 Las Vegas, NV 89119 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(702) 735-5651
Mr. David Bonnesar NAVY 01-181 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Automated Strike Package Planning System |
| Abstract: | The objective of this SBIR is to define a system that fulfills the strike package planning requirements for low observable (LO) vehicles and addresses the needs of the Joint Armed Services. BONN Corporation will work with user communities from all the armed services to identify LO strike package planning requirements. Part of this effort will be to design a platform-independent, distributed architecture and define the functionality that satisfies the user community requirements. The design will take into consideration dynamic mission management; aircraft and weapons deconfliction; and battlespace characterization that addresses the special needs of the LO community in order to maximize battlespace effectiveness. BONN will explore Passive Coherent Location (PCL) technologies and will define tools to assist the mission planners with tactics and techniques to lessen the effects of these new LO countermeasures. The system architecture design will take advantage of today's technologies and will be flexible enough to accommodate the technologies of the future. The major goals of this system are to significantly reduce the strike package planning timeline, bridge the gap between unit-level mission planning and the force-level planning process, and accommodate multi-service and coalition requirements. The system architecture and some of its functionality have numerous commercial applications. The results of this SBIR have direct application to both the DoD and commercial communities. The resulting system could be incorporated into many facets of the joint armed services, from exercises such as Red Flag and supporting Navy airwing training cycles, to operational units such as JSF and other LO platforms, to joint air operational centers and carrier deployments. The capabilities of this work have civilian application as well, especially in air traffic management and harbor vessel traffic coordination. Airlines have expressed the interest to be able to determine a route on-the-fly and depend on the ground controllers when they get close to their destination. The package planning and deconfliction capability could make on-the-fly air traffic planning a reality. The combination of these capabilities, along with wireless communication technologies currently in use and under development for use on commercial airline platforms, will make the on-the-fly air traffic routing a reality, while at the same time providing a real-time picture to air traffic controllers. Another potential application is in the deconfliction and route planning of naval shipping traffic in congested commercial shipping lanes, especially in and around major harbors. |
| OR CONCEPTS APPLIED
7032 Comstock Avenue, Suite 100 Whittier, CA 90602 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(562) 907-6700
Dr. Rubin Johnson NAVY 01-181 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Automated Strike Package Planning System |
| Abstract: | Effective automated computer tools can greatly improve integrated strike package planning and contribute substantially to the operational effectiveness of both Low Observable (LO) and conventional air forces. OR Concepts Applied (ORCA) has a wealth of experience in developing route planning tools for LO aircraft, technology for inflight replanning, and decision aids for command and control applications. This experience will be put to use in providing a prototype system for the distributed planning of LO strike packages with the capability of 1) pre-mission planning, 2) dynamic mission management, 3) time critical targeting, 4) attrition analysis, 5) aircraft-aircraft and aircraft-weapons deconfliction, and 6) visualization tools. The attrition analysis tools will address not only the typical radar and shooters associated with a sophisticated integrated air defense system but also the emerging technology of passive coherent location systems. We will focus on applications of this technology for the Joint Strike Fighter. This SBIR effort will benefit the Joint Armed Services by providing advanced technology for the effective strike planning of low observable and conventional aircraft as well as analytical tools to examine deconfliction and the effects of threats employing Passive Coherent Location (PCL) technology. |
| AERA, INC.
6350 Walker Lane, Suite 100 Arlington, VA 22310 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 321-7903
Mr. Raymond Valori NAVY 01-182 Awarded: 26NOV01 |
| Title: | Advanced Modeling to Characterize Failure Progression Rates from the Incipient Stage to Component Failure |
| Abstract: | Advanced failure progression modeling will be demonstrated on selected gear and bearing components for the purpose of providing a basis for fully enabling the Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) to assess the remaining useful life of components and their risk to catastrophic failure. Fracture Mechanics methods within a framework of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) will be applied to a crack in the root of a spiral gear tooth to simulate crack growth to final failure. The gear selected for analysis will be one of those for which the Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC) has generated full scale H60 helicopter drive system testing. The data will provide a basis for validating the model. Additional fracture mechanics analysis will be developed to determine a risk factor for catastrophic bearing inner ring fracture in the presence of a fatigue spall. The risk factor will be based on sensitivity to fracture of bearing geometry, bearing/shaft interference fit, material fracture toughness and operating speed and load. The models provide benefit by more accurately predicting the remaining useful life of components. Model development will provide a basis for: (1) developing improved diagnostic algorithms for fault detection, (2) assessing the risk to catastrophic failure of detected bearing faults, (3) understanding component failure progression rates, and (4) determining more accurate inspection and maintenance intervals. Commercial applications apply to aviation and power generation rotating machinery. Industry using health monitoring systems, condition-based maintenance, diagnostic or predictive analysis for rotating machinery will benefit. |
| EXSELL, INC.
964 Autumn Oak Circle Concord, CA 94521 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 422-8224
Mr. Wayne C. Haase NAVY 01-182 Awarded: 15OCT01 |
| Title: | Advanced Modeling to Characterize Failure Progression Rates from the Incipient Stage to Component Failure |
| Abstract: | This SBIR proposes to extend crack detection technology past the detection stage, and develop a system that discriminates cracks, and also predicts the residual life left in a disk. The ultimate goal of this SBIR is to develop a test system to be used at the depot maintenance level that can run a relatively simple set of tests on a disk and determine the residual life of the disk in terms of potential cycles. This system could be used as an important element in a Retirement for Cause disk life program, and/or as a critical check for disks before re-installed in an aircraft. This program will make use of an existing model developed by ExSell that describes in detail the change in center of mass of a rotating object with a crack as a function of speed, using damping ratio, initial unbalance and crack size as parameters. This model will be extended to encompass a wide variety of disks, increased discrimination of different types of cracks, and a predictive algorithm that uses data from the test and the disk history to determine residual life. This SBIR is aimed at development of a test system to be sold to aircraft depot maintenance facilities to test disks as a part of a Retirement for Cause program. Commercial benefites include revenue to ExSell for system sales, and significant savings to the Navy and US Government through life extension of existing aircraft hardware. |
| IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
125 Tech Park Drive Rochester, NY 14623 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(716) 424-1990
Dr. Michael J. Roemer NAVY 01-182 Awarded: 05NOV01 |
| Title: | A Generic Prognostic Toolkit for Characterizing Failure Progression Rates |
| Abstract: | Impact Technologies proposes to develop and demonstrate a generic software modeling tool that integrates advanced stochastic failure mode modeling, measured failure progression rate features and inspection data, and available experience bases, to enable the predictive part of Prognostics and Health Management for critical aircraft components. The state-of-the-art structural/material level modeling technology aspect of this tool will include the utilization of a stochastic, physics-of-failure model, system level information fusion, and adaptive model updating techniques for "tuning" key failure mode variables at a local material/damage-site. The failure rate prediction strategies will be implemented within a probabilistic framework to directly identify confidence bounds associated with specific component failure mode progression. The proposed modeling scheme will minimize inherent modeling and operational uncertainties by updating local (damage site) material/fatigue properties, component loading/forcing and failure mode contribution/interaction via sensed system measurements that evolve as damage progresses. By providing continuous updates/adjustments to the critical parameters used by the probabilistic fatigue/damage models based on observing system level measurements, more accurate failure rate predictions can be made throughout the life of the component. Finally, this software tool will further aid PHM by acting as a prognostics test bench for evaluating the performance of sensors and algorithms designed for mitigating critical failure modes. Impact Technologies proposes to develop and demonstrate a generic software modeling tool that integrates advanced stochastic failure mode modeling, measured failure progression rate features and inspection data, and available experience bases, to enable the predictive part of Prognostics and Health Management for critical aircraft components. The state-of-the-art structural/material level modeling technology aspect of this tool will include the utilization of a stochastic, physics-of-failure model, system level information fusion, and adaptive model updating techniques for "tuning" key failure mode variables at a local material/damage-site. The failure rate prediction strategies will be implemented within a probabilistic framework to directly identify confidence bounds associated with specific component failure mode progression. The proposed modeling scheme will minimize inherent modeling and operational uncertainties by updating local (damage site) material/fatigue properties, component loading/forcing and failure mode contribution/interaction via sensed system measurements that evolve as damage progresses. By providing continuous updates/adjustments to the critical parameters used by the probabilistic fatigue/damage models based on observing system level measurements, more accurate failure rate predictions can be made throughout the life of the component. Finally, this software tool will further aid PHM by acting as a prognostics test bench for evaluating the performance of sensors and algorithms designed for mitigating critical failure modes. |
| RESEARCH APPLICATIONS, INC.
11772 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite 145 San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 259-7541
Dr. Jalees Ahmad NAVY 01-182 Awarded: 24SEP01 |
| Title: | Advanced Modeling to Characterize Failure Progression Rates from the Incipient Stage to Component Failure |
| Abstract: | A model and software for fretting fatigue damage is sought to complement existing life prediction technology. An innovative approach with high probability of success is proposed. The proposed modeling framework is based on a recent breakthrough approach developed by Research Applications, Inc. (RAI) that has captured the attention of several military aerospace and commercial heavy equipment manufacturers. In Phase I, RAI's mechanics based model and framework will be validated using available test data on an alloy of direct interest to the Navy. The framework will be designed for further development in Phase II as a stand-alone software product for marketing to the commercial sector. The proposed model will directly benefit prognostic and diagnostic methods developments related to Condition Based Monitoring and Structural Health Monitoring efforts of the Navy. The need for a Fretting fatigue life prediction model goes well beyond military and aerospace structures. A much broader market exists in virtually all mechanical equipment industries such as automotive, heavy equipment (e.g., Caterpillar), electronics and electrical, health (orthopedic implants) and MEMS. The proposed product will have an immediate and broad market. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4114
Dr. Robert Kovar NAVY 01-183 Awarded: 02OCT01 |
| Title: | High-Temperature/Lower Cost Appliqu‚ Material |
| Abstract: | Applique materials under development for the past seven years have demonstrated the potential to replace current spray applied polyurethane topcoats on high performance military aircraft with significant savings in initial cost and in-service supportability through elimination of hazardous materials associated with conventional paint /depaint operations. Next generation aircraft will require higher temperature appliques. These new appliques should also be self-priming to obtain maximum cost savings. Foster-Miller proposes developing a new high temperature self-priming applique topcoat system that will meet all the requirements for the JSF and other new aircraft. To accomplish this,Foster-Miller has assembled a team of the leading technical experts in aircraft applique technology including Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, a leader in aircraft applique development, PATCO, a leading speciality adhesive tape manufacturer, and CORTEC, developer of unique corrosion inhibitors . During Phase I the team will select and modify the requisite materials to demonstrate an applique that is self-priming and that can meet the high temperature operating environment as well as all other specifications for a topcoat material. Phase II will focus on optimizing the system and lab and field testing leading to early commercial deployment for military use during Phase III. (P-020018) Successful development of the proposed applique will lead to total life cycle cost savings of $817,000 for each JSF aircraft in reduced generation of hazardous materials, faster turn around times, lower fuel costs due to less weight and lower maintenance expense. Significant savings can be realized on other military aircraft as well. Potential commercial applications for this high performance applique include certain commercial aircraft and other non-aerospace applications that require a high degree of corrosion protection. |
| INTEGUMENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
70 Pearce Avenue Tonawanda, NY 14150 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(716) 873-1199
Dr. Terrence G. Vargo NAVY 01-183 Awarded: 02OCT01 |
| Title: | High-Temperature/Lower Cost Appliqu‚ Material |
| Abstract: | Current aircraft coating systems contain large amounts of VOC's, HAP's, and heavy metals, such as methylene chloride, methyl ethyl ketone, and chromium compounds. These chemicals pose a serious threat to the environment and the health of workers at aircraft maintenance depots. In order to address these problems, both Military and Commercial aircraft programs have been tasked over the last decade to investigate, fabricate, and commercialize paintless appliqu‚ systems that are environmentally friendly. In addition to addressing environmental concerns, these new appliqu‚ systems are being designed to reduce time-consuming paint application. This represents a major turning point in the way military aircraft are coated during manufacturing and maintenance cycles. This proposal will focus on the development of novel fluoropolymer appliqu‚s that offer significant advantages when compared with current commercialized appliqu‚ systems. Fluoropolymer appliqu‚s with costs between $5 and $10 per square ft will be developed. These appliqu‚s will have enhanced field operating characteristics and will exhibit thermal stability throughout a -65§ F to 350§ F range. The synthesis and formulation of a new pressure sensitive adhesive that will contain non-toxic corrosion inhibitors will also be investigated. No primer will be required for the proposed applique. The defense and commercial aviation industry will directly benefit from a one coat paint replacement, peel and stick fluoropolymer appliqu‚ that has (1) No Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC's), (2) no Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAP's), (3) superior adhesion, (4) built-in corrosion inhibition; and (5) clean removability without toxic or noxious solvents. The new appliqu‚s will support both traditional aluminum and composite substrates, and will also enable lightning strike protection appliqu‚ systems, providing superior performance and lower maintenance and initial installation costs at a better value per square foot. |
| PHOENIX INNOVATION, INC.
20 Patterson Brook Road, PO Box 550 Wareham, MA 02576 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 291-4375
Dr. Brian G. Dixon NAVY 01-183 Awarded: 02OCT01 |
| Title: | Phosphoryl-Based Nanoscale Appliques |
| Abstract: | A novel appliqu‚ formulation is described whose polymer backbone is designed to possess excellent adhesive qualities over a wide range of temperatures, at least -65 to +350oF. By design the polymer will be low cost. This polymer is derived from ongoing membrane research at Phoenix Innovation that has identified a polymer formulation that adheres tenaciously to a variety of substrates and is inherently thermally stable and retains useful physical properties at low temperatures. There are many possible Federal and commercial applications for appliqu‚s that include aircraft, as well as a range of adhesives that must perform well in many different sets of environmental conditions. |
| EMAG TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3055 Plymouth Road, Suite 205 Ann Arbor, MI 48105 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 747-6646
Dr. Kin Sze NAVY 01-184 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Simulation of Radiation Scattering and Coupling Properties of Large Phased Arrays |
| Abstract: | In this Small Business Innovation Research project, we propose to develop a software tool for the modeling of radiation, scattering and coupling of large phased arrays. The available full-wave simulation techniques require enormous computation time and memory usage when treating large finite-size arrays, while infinite periodic simulators cannot predict the coupling and edge effects accurately. For this project, the object-oriented foundation of EMPiCASSO, an existing antenna design CAD software, will be used and enhanced with a novel technique based on the scatterer and matrix decompositions methods. The proposed technique decomposes the large phased array into smaller segments including inner and outer (edge) subarrays, solves for them separately and recomposes them again for the final solution. The code implementation will further be parallelized for the DoD?s high performance computing platforms. Some validation will be conducted in Phase I on moderately large arrays, which can currently be solved by EMPiCASSO?s moment method simulator. The proposed software tool will be used for the design of phased arrays and large-scale antenna systems. These types of antennas have a variety of applications in both military and civilian communications and sensing systems. |
| RM ASSOC.
1211 Deerfield Drive State College, PA 16803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 865-1298
Dr. Raj Mittra NAVY 01-184 Awarded: 30NOV01 |
| Title: | Simulation of Radiation Scattering and Coupling Properties of Large Phased Arrays |
| Abstract: | The objective of this effort is to develop a new approach for solving large phased array problems that cannot be handled by presently available Electromagnetic Field Solvers. Previously, RM Associates has developed a code for analyzing large Frequency Selective Surface(FSS) type of radomes by using a novel version of Plane Wave Spectrum (PWS) approach, specially tailored for handling these problems. We now propose to further extend and generalize this approach to handle large phased array antenna modeling problems that can only be described by using a large number of degrees of freedom and, hence, cannot be simulated by using available computer codes. When fully developed, the PWS-based Phased array code will be useful not only for predicting the radiation and impedance characteristics of large arrays, but also the coupling ptoperties between two such array apertures. In addition, it can be interfaced with an electronics code to predict the signal spectrum and intermodulation products of the received signals. Coomercial organizations developing large antenna arrays for signal communication would greatly benefit for the availabilty of computer codes with which they can relaiably design these arrays. |
| DEVELOSOFT CORP.
1630 30th Street, Suite 121 Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 544-1978
Mr. Mark Yager NAVY 01-185 Selected for Award |
| Title: | State-of-the-art Tracking and Video Mosaic |
| Abstract: | We will demonstrate state-of-the-art techniques which meet and exceed current operational capabilities for the ILARTS island operator. Sophisticated tracking will allow automatic slewing of a pan/tilt/zoom camera during launches and recoveries to maintain an aircraft at a user specified position and size within the camera's field of view. The tracking can also follow an arresting wire and an occluded aircraft until its sidenumbers become easily visible. Our video mosaic approach will offer better capabilities than are currently possible: 010 Level cameras will be less obstructed than an 07 Level operator's view; imagery can be digitally enhanced with integration, sharpening, and de-glare algorithms; the digitally constructed panoramic view can have superimposed cueing information (movement in hard to see aircraft, possible foul deck conditions). Finally, even non-routine/emergency incidents can be tracked with minimal manual control of the pan/tilt/zoom camera; automatic tracking algorithms can follow hovering helos, aircraft with blown tires, or Tilly after being manually targeted an a particular object. Our technology provides real-time tracking and video mosaicing capabilities on inexpensive PC compatible desktop workstations. Automatic tracking has profound application in environments which require tedious manual tracking of objects (either with eyes or a mechanical device); the security industry; entertainment; sports; and traffic management. We offer a low-cost approach to performing these functions in software. Video mosaicing provides better situational awareness and detection of exceptional events - particularly in the security industry. |
| FULLVIEW, INC.
3 Field Point Drive Holmdel, NJ 07733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 275-6500
Dr. Vishvjit (Vic) S. Nalwa NAVY 01-185 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Intelligent Flight Deck Camera Control with Video Mosaic |
| Abstract: | FullViewr cameras provide high-resolution up-to-360ø video in real time without equal. This video is created by mosaicing, in real time, video from multiple cameras looking in different directions from a single location. FullViewr cameras are a natural fit for surveillance, as in views from both 180ø and 360ø such cameras, with proper positioning, objects need not abruptly go off the edge of the view, as in views from normal cameras. Such cameras can then be used to provide an overview of the scene being monitored, this overview usable both automatically and by humans to control Pan/Tilt/Zoom (PTZ) cameras. The ensuing system could be used for any monitoring and surveillance activity. |
| DANIEL H. WAGNER, ASSOC., INC.
40 Lloyd Avenue, Suite 200 Malvern, PA 19355 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 727-7700
Dr. W. Reynolds Monach NAVY 01-186 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Environmental Data Fusion for Mine Warfare |
| Abstract: | Daniel H. Wagner Associates, Inc. proposes to develop a requirements report and a detailed design for a Current, Wind, and Wave Data Fusion (CWWDF) system for Mine Countermeasures (MCM). The proposed CWWDF system will significantly improve the ability of Naval MCM forces to carry out their missions through the more effective use of available environmental data to accurately estimate the current, wind, and wave conditions in the area of interest. The system will allow MCM planners and operators to: (1) More accurately estimate the location of drifting mines at all times of interest, optimize search for them, and estimate their source, (2) Improve the placement of cleared lanes for use by landing craft such as AAAVs making it easier for the landing craft to stay in these lanes, (3) Develop more effective plans for MCM systems, such as divers, that are significantly affected by current, wind, and waves, and (4) Improve the ability to sweep pressure mines. Improved MCM technologies such as these are particularly necessary at a time when the United States is facing a sophisticated MCM threat with limited funds to procure additional MCM assets/sensors. Effective use of environmental data fusion techniques in MCM operations will produce more effective MCM operations, conducted at lower risk, which will result in fewer casualties to friendly forces and improved overall US Navy effectiveness. |
| GEOPHEX LTD.
605 Mercury Street Raleigh, NC 27603 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 839-8515
Dr. I.J. Won NAVY 01-186 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Active Broadband EM Detection and Classification of Buried Naval Mines |
| Abstract: | We propose a new active broadband electromagnetic (EM) sensor to detect and classify naval mines buried in the littoral. The sensor will work like an underwater metal detector, but it will operate at multiple programmable frequencies suitable to a given littoral environment. Once it detects a potential target, the sensor will interrogate the target and measure its spectral responses (inphase and quadrature) over the entire operating bandwidth. The sensor will then compare the measured spectrum with a library of spectra stored for mines that are known or presumed to occur in the survey area. The process will generate a rank-ordered list of spectral matches. As the sensor finds new mines at a site, it can expand its spectral library - a "learn as you go" approach. The proposed active EM sensor can be used as a "confirmation sensor" when it is integrated with other sensors such as passive magnetometers and sonars. A mathematical framework will be developed to interface this data with fusion algorithms being pursued for buried minehunting. In addition, the sensor will serve in a dual role to simultaneously measure the conductivities of the seawater and bottom sediment, which can be used to derive sediment density and porosity, providing important environmental data for mine warfare. Target classification based on the spectral fingerprints is called Electromagnetic Induction Spectroscopy or EMIS. It is known that an EMIS spectrum depends on the object's shape and metal compositions in terms of electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability. Apart from a possibility of direct detection of explosives, EMIS is the only rigorous, physics-based phenomenology for identifying buried mines. The EMIS algorithms, validated for land mines, will be modified for the classification of buried sea mines to provide computer-automated target recognition. This proposal addresses developments of both sensor hardware and EMIS-based software to solve the buried naval mine detection and classification problem. It has been well known that the high false alarm rate is the main factor that complicates naval mine warfare. Without discrimination capabilities to reduce the false alarms, good detectors alone will not be able to solve the problem. Since the majority of resources is currently wasted for dealing with benign objects, reduction in the false alarm rate would result in huge savings in cost and speed. The EMIS concept has far-reaching implications in the general target classification arena such as identifying hidden weapons at a checkpoint. |
| METRON, INC.
11911 Freedom Drive, Suite 800 Reston, VA 20190 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 437-2435
Dr. Mark Williams NAVY 01-186 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Environmental Data Fusion for Mine Warfare |
| Abstract: | Effective countermeasures against enemy mines in the littoral require comprehensive knowledge of the undersea environment. To compile an accurate and comprehensive model of the undersea environment these data must be fused effectively. There are many challenges associated with these data fusion tasks. In order to fuse images or maps the images and/or maps must be registered against each other. Without an accurate registration successful fusion cannot take place. Often the metadata may not hold all the measurements required for registration, or there may be unknown biases present in the metadata. In addition the images and maps may contain nonlinear distortions that make registration a challenging task. Our proposal is to use graph matching techniques in order to achieve the required registrations between imagery and/or maps. Graph matching has been the subject of considerable interest in the image processing literature over the last five years and has been shown to be an effective method for image registration. Graph matching techniques are unaffected by bias in position, orientation and scale. In addition the techniques are robust against non-linear bias and measurement error. The first application of graph matching would be in the registration of sea mine survey maps. Success in registration of sea mine survey maps would lead to a number of benefits that can also be generalized to success in the registration of undersea imagery. Primarily the successful registration of multiple overlapping sea mine survey maps will lead to higher quality maps in which the number of detections increases over any of the detection rates in the single maps whilst the number of false alarms will decrease and the position estimates will become more accurate. A major consequence of this technology would be that it would become meaningful to archive such maps because it would be possible to combine them with later surveys. This would allow greater benefit to be gained from the expensive process of making such surveys. The registration of maps and imagery is a topic of concern in many areas within DoD and the private sector. Metron has work with BMDO where graph matching is used to register radar and infrared images. There are many other opportunities for using graph matching to solve military problems. One example is in the registration of sensor images against map data bases so that autonomous vehicles are not wholly reliant on vulnerable GPS systems or inaccurate INS for navigation. Graph matching has wide application in the field of image registration and Metron will seek to commercialize added maturity in the technology to opportunities in emerging fields. Potential applications include face recognition and general computer vision. |
| NAVSYS CORP.
14960 Woodcarver Road Colorado Springs, CO 80921 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 481-4877
Dr. Alison Brown NAVY 01-187 Awarded: 16OCT01 |
| Title: | Optimal Diversity Reception for Ship Relative Global Positioning System (SRGPS) |
| Abstract: | A key requirement for an operational SRGPS system is to assure the continuous transmission of shipside carrier-phase and pseudo-range measurements to the approaching aircraft. The continuity and quality of these measurements are critical. Of particular concern are: (a) the robustness to signal blockages from the ship's superstructure; (b) the ability to operate in the presence of multipath and maintain the carrier-phase and pseudo-range integrity; and (c) the ability to continue operation in the presence of RF interference and jammers in a tactical environment. Previous research has investigated the use of multiple reference antennas and diversity processing for improving the signal-in-space accuracy and integrity. Under this SBIR effort, we propose to develop a SRGPS reference station capability that includes the use of multiple controlled reception pattern antennas (CRPAs) to allow both spatial and post-correlator diversity (SPCD) processing to be performed to enhance the continuity and integrity of the SRGPS carrier-phase and pseudo-range corrections. Under the Phase I effort, the NAVSYS SPCD algorithms will be further developed. Using simulated and real-world data, the algorithms will be tested to show their performance. Under the Phase II effort we propose to deliver a prototype P(Y) SRGPS reference station including the SPCD capability for field testing. Applications exist for leveraging the improved measurement accuracy, interference mitigation, and multipath mitigation techniques provided by the SRGPS reference station for both civil and military precision approach and landing systems, such as LAAS or JPALS. Other applications include high-accuracy, high-integrity reference stations for kinematic and surveying applications. |
| TRACKING & IMAGING SYSTEMS, INC.
418 N. Linden Street Bloomington, IL 61701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(309) 827-9555
Dr. James W. Sennott NAVY 01-187 Awarded: 17OCT01 |
| Title: | Optimal Post Correlator Diversity Reception with Beamforming for the Ship Relative Global Positioning System (SRGPS) |
| Abstract: | In the SRGPS landing system, phase observables are uplinked to approaching aircraft where an integer ambiguity based double difference solution is computed. The probability of successful updates is sensitive to the number and quality of carrier phase observables. SRGPS must contend with rapidly changing multipath scatter and blockages from the ship's structure. Antenna mounting limitations mandate multiple antenna diversity: System software must continuously select the best available signal path for each satellite. A post correlator diversity (PCD) approach has been developed for monitoring and weighting raw data prior to tracking loops by leveraging TISI's patented Integrated Demodulation/Navigation (IDN) processor. In contrast to conventional post loop diversity (PLD), this method responds before tracking loop damage can occur. PCD also offers J/S improvement. Phase biases induced by antenna lever errors are minimized by integrating ship flexure and IMU biases states. Beamformer diversity antenna elements are utilized for enhanced jamming margin and multipath rejection. Beamformer synthesis is based upon a proven military design. Integrity monitoring is provided over an independent ship-referenced path. In TISI's Phase I effort, both non-linear tracking simulations of the SRGPS shipside architecture and interfaces between TISI's PCD processor and Rockwell Collins beamformer are carried out. The post correlator diversity processor applies to all precise positioning and attitude determination applications subjected to blockage and multipath. Beyond aviation, construction vehicle guidance and control as well as marine docking guidance are important. Low earth orbit attitude determination and docking in space applications would benefit. PCD also applies to cellular communication station capacity improvement. |
| INTERFACE DISPLAYS & CONTROLS, INC.
4630 North Avenue Oceanside, CA 92056 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 945-0230
Mr. James V. Phillips NAVY 01-188 Awarded: 13NOV01 |
| Title: | Smart Flat Panel Multifunction Color Display (MFCD) with Positive Pilot Feedback |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to develop a multifunction flat panel display using active matrix liquid display (AMLCD) and touch screen technology that will provide both visual and biomechanical feedback to the pilot or operator. Evaluation of mechanical properties will include the investigation of three haptic design approaches, which provide positive visual and tactile feedback using a touch screen that is mounted on to a 5" x 5" AMLCD. Each approach will be assessed with regard to its practicality and utility for a cockpit environment and will be reviewed against Navy requirements for aviation display systems. Performance parameters and technology deficiencies will be identified in order to detect the most suitable approach that shall be adopted and integrated into a 5" x 5" AMLCD display for testing and evaluation. Haptic Force Feedback Display technology may be used to provide operators with both visual and tactile feedback in any environment that CRT or AMLCD display technologies are currently being used. The haptic technology will allow for increased display sizes, increased user-friendly interface, and improved performance and reliability for all applications where keyboard bezels are currently required such as; (1) military and commercial avionics; (2) industrial monitors; (3) personal computers; (4) hand-held electronic display devices; and (5) cell phones to name a few. |
| SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CORP.
2300 Windy Ridge Parkway, Suite 400 South Atlanta, GA 30339 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 989-9492
Mr. Raymond Wallenmaier NAVY 01-188 Awarded: 02NOV01 |
| Title: | Smart Flat Panel Multifunction Color Display (MFCD) with Positive Pilot Feedback |
| Abstract: | Scientific Research Corporation proposes to develop a Smart Multi-Function Color Display (SMFCD) employing a color flat panel active matrix liquid crystal display (AMLCD) and MFCD technology. This SMFCD will incorporate touch screen technology to activate sub-screens or internal systems. The activation of sub-screens or internal systems will provide the user visual and bio-mechanical feedback. The investigation into the design of the unit will select the optimum topology to incorporate positive user feedback into SMFCD with touch screens. The implementation of touch screen technology will benefit the SMFCD in two ways; replace the existing high failure rate Bezel assembly, and allow for an increased viewable area on the display. This SMFCD will be capable of displaying mission data, navigation data, and other multifunction color display information in high performance aircraft. The SMFCD will be a form, fit, and functional (F3) replacement to the targeted MFCD on the T-45. The user-interface on the SMFCD will be identical to the user-interface on the existing MFCD. The "Fast-Track" avenue will be pursued for this effort including signing Non Disclosure Agreements with Government approved AMLCD display manufacturers such as already having signed with Astronautics Corporation of America. This implementation strategy of immediately designing a F3 replacement with superior reliability and upgradeable for touch screen technology represents the optimum "Win-Win" scenario for the Government and negates the cost of major retrofits to the T-45 and the retraining of U.S. Navy personnel. The SMFCD will be designed as a scaleable form, fit, and function replacement that can be easily installed into any ground, airborne, or rotary based platform in the U.S. Armed Forces, NATO, and other foreign military platforms. This SMFCD will be low cost for commercial airlines and small to mid size aviation companies usage. By adding voice activation, the SMFCD can be used in the automotive industry. |
| PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP.
8809 Sudley Road, Suite 101 Manassas, VA 20110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 368-6107
Mr. Gary Sikora NAVY 01-189 Awarded: 20NOV01 |
| Title: | Open Architecture Software Using Middleware Isolation Layers |
| Abstract: | Today's sophisticated aircraft such as the F-22 will have expended billions of dollars on software over the life cycle, constituting a large portion of the TOC (Total Cost of Ownership). Tomorrow as seen in the JSF architecture, the hardware/software interface will move forward to the sensor level and the common avionics approach will increase the software complexity, which will impact the TOC by a surmountable amount. To combat this, the architecture must support: an open architecture concept; insertion and use of commercial and military technologies and standards; and the reuse of software. Additionally, the avionics architecture should minimize the reliance on specific technology implementations that allows interfaces, communication protocols, and software to evolve over time. To this end, we propose a unified, heterogeneous middleware solution that allows interoperability of middleware technologies such as CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture), RT (Real-Time) CORBA, P2P (Peer-to-Peer) and Client/Server. The innovated idea is to manage the middleware using the new Web Services Universal Description Discovery Integration (UDDI) technology to register the connections, to provide interoperability through startup code interface snippet distribution - bringing Web interoperability solutions to avionics. This research will produce both military and enterprise opportunities. As technology advances and military equipment become increasingly reliant on software, the need for unified, heterogeneous middleware solutions will arise. We are already experiencing this for the Navy Integrated Development Plan (IDP) sonar systems and Advanced Undersea Warfare Concepts (AUSWC), and anticipate opportunities involving the Defense Information Infrastructure Common Operating Environment (DII COE) systems such as Airborne Warning And Control System (AWACS).Web Services UDDI and companion technologies are almost a year old. Combining enterprise middleware technologies using the developed services architecture will provide many opportunities in the commercial enterprise community where Intranets and Extranets are typically made up of systems of varying bandwidth and platform requirements, demand a unified, heterogeneous middleware solution. |
| WW TECHNOLOGY GROUP
4519 Mustering Drum Ellicott City, MD 21042 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 418-4353
Dr. Chris J. Walter NAVY 01-189 Awarded: 20NOV01 |
| Title: | Middleware for Portable Avionics Software |
| Abstract: | The project goal for Phase 1 is to define an approach for a portable avionics software platform that facilitates re-use of avionics applications from platform to platform, meets stringent real-time performance requirements and incorporates standardized interfaces and services. The standardized interfaces and services to be supported will include, but will not be limited to, CORBA interfaces and services. Over the last several years CORBA and its services and facilities have evolved to the point where they have the potential to be used as a distributed object computing middleware component for avionics systems. CORBA was selected as the baseline distributed object computing standard because of its wide acceptance in both commercial and military systems and recent work performed on real-time and fault tolerant CORBA. This project focuses on methods for efficiently integrating standardized services into an avionics environment while maintaining high levels of performance and determinism and support for multi-level security. These goals will be achieved through adaptive middleware techniques that stress performance, portability, extensibility, and configurability. A multi-phased commercialization program is defined for the selection, demonstration, and transition of an approach for middleware isolation layers for open architectures for critical applications. The promise of middleware based system engineering is substantially improved reuse potential. It is estimated that the development of future large commercial avionics systems will require multi-billion dollar investments if present methodology is employed. It is estimated that middleware based system engineering can reduce the cost of critical system development by half or more. The WWTG middleware approach will provide an abstraction layer that makes it possible to move software from one platform to another in a much more interoperable fashion. With a Prime Contractor (see letter of support), an initial commercial application will be to reduce the significant cost incurred in the development of commercial avionics systems and the certification to FAA requirements through the enhanced reuse of system software. Other widespread opportunities exist for military systems and commercial applications in real-time control, banking, and telecommunications. |
| GREEN HILLS SOFTWARE
131 Avenida Victoria San Clemente, CA 92672 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 369-3950
Mr. William Hart NAVY 01-190 Awarded: 05NOV01 |
| Title: | Multi-Level Security in Real-Time Shared Memory Avionic Systems |
| Abstract: | Report upon and demonstrate the use of commercial technology, specifically RapidIO and the INTEGRITY Real-Time Operating System, for the purposes of testing this technology in a Multi-Level Secure Real-Time Shared Memory Avionic system. Greater knowledge of requirements for extending commercial products and specifications in support of a Multi-Level Secure Real-Time Shared Memory Avionic system, with potential for greater functionality and reduced costs in implementing such a system. |
| OR CONCEPTS APPLIED
7032 Comstock Avenue, Suite 100 Whittier, CA 90602 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(562) 907-6700
Dr. Rubin Johnson NAVY 01-191 Awarded: 20NOV01 |
| Title: | Autonomous Vehicle Management System |
| Abstract: | OR Concepts Applied (ORCA) will investigate requirements for an effective and vital software component called the VTUAV Intelligent Planner and Router (VIPR). VIPR is designed to provide Level IV and V levels of vehicle interaction for autonomous vehicle management capabilities that address dynamic retasking, inflight replanning and multi-vehicle coordinated operations. VIPR autonomously determines alternate routing to avoid detection, engagement, or to escape. Designed to work initially within the VTUAV's Ground Control Station's (GCS) Tactical Control System (TCS) environment, VIPR's in-flight replanning capabilities can be hosted within the VTUAV's on-board Datalink Control Module (DCM) for total autonomous vehicle operations. VIPR provides the capability to generate rapid course of action in response to dynamically changing battlefield environments. This capability utilizes Intelligent Autonomy (IA) mission planning techniques that use real-time data streams such as sensory, imagery, vehicle status queues, changing battlespace state, and preflight data such as vehicle performance data and vehicle RCS to generate vehicle retasking and survivable routes. VIPR will provide a capability for multi-vehicle cooperative planning in dynamic environments. VIPR offers to the VTUAV/MMP operator greater supportive functions that assist in executing vehicle re-planning/re-tasking efforts under uncertain and time critical conditions. VIPR can autonomously provide re-program data for the VTUAV to meet time critical RSTA objectives that enhance sensor-to-shooter capabilities and abilities to direct and coordinate fires. Integral to the VTUAV GCS/TCS, VIPR offers a means for communicating newly generated plans to complimentary forces of sea based elements, land based tactical elements, remote destinations, and C4I, thus enhancing situation awareness for all complementary force elements. In this proposal, this domain is explored and innovative concepts for this dynamic environment are presented. VIPR will benefit a host of users concerned with using software tools that incorporate autonomous operations models. This tool has applications for Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV), Unmanned Undersea Vehicles (UUV) and mission planning functions that support autonomous operations utilizing ground robots. Naval missions such as maritime reconnaissance, undersea search & survey, submarine track and trail, mine clearing operations and communications relay will also benefit from this capability. VIPR will foster opportunities within the Federal and State governments as well as private sector companies that will use this technology. Industries in traffic engineering, forestry fire operations, weather monitoring, emergency management, police surveillance and maritime patrol, Search and Air Rescue (SAR), medical rescue, FBI/CIA/ATF operations, MOOTW, and M&S, are just a few. We plan to merge our VIPR technologies with the TBMCS suite of tools and to make it part of the next generation Joint Mission Planning System (JMPS) ? a collaborative program of the US Air Force, Navy, Marines, and SOF. Leveraging off of our proven knowledge base and achievement record in in-flight replanning, autorouting, modeling and simulation, this is an opportunity to significantly advance the Navy's efforts in autonomous mission planning. The Navy will derive capabilities with lower development risk, shorter development cycle, and greater product sophistication per investment dollar. |
| SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS CO., INC.
500 West Cummings Park, Suite 3000 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 933-5355
Dr. Jovan D. Boskovic NAVY 01-191 Awarded: 03DEC01 |
| Title: | Autonomous Vehicle Management System |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a Decision Aiding Tool (DAT) for operators of multiple UAVs. The tool will consist of the following: (i) A user-friendly operator interface based on Multiple Unified Simulation Environment (MUSE); (ii) Finite-State Machine (FSM) based software for determining the status of subsystems and components in multiple UAVs; (iii) On-line trajectory generation software for trajectory reconfiguration in response to the dynamically changing environments; and (iv) Fault-tolerant control software. The main idea behind the proposed approach is to migrate a number of tasks from the operator to the intelligent DAT that will enable straightforward operation of multiple UAVs. In order to achieve these objectives, we propose to carry out the following tasks: (i) Problem formulation; (ii) System-wide health monitoring and status determination; (iii) Autonomous trajectory reconfiguration in response to pop-up threats; (iv) Develop an integrated Operator Aiding (OpAID) simulation; (v) Demonstrate the new capabilities enabled by the proposed tool. The feasibility of the proposed approach will be evaluated using a VTUAV simulation and an integrated simulation environment to be develped through a joint effort of SSCI, Altair and Draper Lab. Potential applications of the proposed OpAID system, combining effective health monitoring, status determination, and fault tolerant operation with autonomous path planning and trajectory generation, include both military and civilian missions performed using both semi- and fully-autonomous agents. The application include autonomous military UAV and spacecraft missions; autonomous "smart" missiles; autonomous underwater and ground vehicles; and commercial UAV missions such as acquisition of information following floods, fires, storms, earthquakes and other natural disasters. |
| CG2, INC.
6000 Technology Drive,, Bldg. 1, Suite A Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 271-7591
Mr. Chris Blasband NAVY 01-192 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Personal Computer (PC) Graphics Support for Texel Level Sensor Simulation |
| Abstract: | As the military relies more and more on advanced sensors to deploy its weapons and execute missions, the importance of realistically simulating these sensors in training has increased. Recognizing that trainers need to include the physics required to make the exercise and scientific data as accurate and realistic as possible, but faced with reduced budgets, the U.S. Government is looking to recent advances made in commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) graphics technology. Public demands for more realism from the gaming industry has led to low-cost COTS technology having graphics capabilities that rival those of the highest priced graphics workstations. Current COTS graphics hardware offers low-cost, yet realistic training opportunities for Government agencies. However, their inability to represent the physics of the sensors that our military is heavily dependent upon, keeps them as-is from being the solution to this training dilemma. It is the objective of this Phase I effort to investigate and formulate a plan for advancing current COTS graphics hardware to incorporate several of the most important high-end sensor graphics capabilities, while keeping the price down to a fraction of the proprietary systems cost. This Phase I effort will demonstrate the feasibility of advancing the physics implemented in real-time simulations by developing or modifying a PC video card to incorporate dynamic texture indexing and three independent spline fogging, two functions identified as key to realistic sensor simulation. There are a tremendous number of commercial opportunities for an advanced graphics chip with the capabilities described in this proposal. Besides the military and government applications, those involved in gaming, industrial design, CAD, urban simulation and 3D web design are requiring more and more realism in their applications and simulations. All disciplines involved in 3D visualization want the immersive experience to be as realistic as possible. The advanced hardware and software developed under this SBIR will be a major step toward achieving that goal. |
| SIMWRIGHT, INC.
7552 Navarre Parkway, Suite 2B Navarre, FL 32566 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(850) 939-8707
Mr. Kerry D. Christopher NAVY 01-192 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Personal Computer (PC) Graphics Support for Texel Level Sensor Simulation |
| Abstract: | This topic recognizes the limitations of the graphics hardware/software that has been produced in the past and requests the development or modification of a PC video card to allow it to more accurately simulate the performance of advanced sensors. This proposal answers that request by leveraging recent advancements in PC graphics hardware and combines that with a significant amount of research and product development in the area of sensor simulation to yield sensor simulation capabilities that are both solidly grounded in validated algorithms and accurately reflect sensor characteristics in the generated image. The latest generation of graphics cards allows the user to download custom programs into the vertex and pixel processing sections of the graphics pipeline. These custom functions are applied by the graphics hardware to each vertex and pixel being processed. This capability permits the user to get customized performance out of a graphics card without going to the expense of producing custom hardware. Multi-texturing has emerged as a powerful new feature of the new generation of graphics cards. These new graphics cards also allow the user to program their texture engines to build textures on the fly from texture components already in the texture memory. The focus of the project will be to define and produce a series of custom shaders and texture blenders that can be used with PC graphics boards to simulate material-wavelength specific propagation and other sensor-unique visual attributes while reducing the required texture memory and bandwidth requirements. This is a critical step that will allow the maximum number of users to leverage the power of the new generation of graphics boards in the shortest possible time. Our approach is focused on improving the realism and fidelity while minimizing the hardware complexity to maximize our customer's investment. Being able to utilize the current trends in commercial PC graphics hardaware leverages investments from the gaming community. |
| SURFACE OPTICS CORP.
11555 Rancho Bernardo Road San Diego, CA 92127 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 675-7404
Mr. Mark S. Dombrowski DARPA 01-001 Awarded: 24OCT01 |
| Title: | Spectral Cueing/Spatial Confirmation Targeting |
| Abstract: | The objective of the Phase I Fast Track SBIR is to develop a common optic system that will allow the capability to perform wide FOV spectral cueing and narrow FOV, spectrally enhanced, spatial confirmation on military targets of interest. Spectral resolution should be on the order of 1nm in the visible. Due to the importance of the effort, SOC has already identified a qualified Phase II partner to support our effort. The SOC team including RAI, TRA and CEB Metasystems has designed and built several common fore-optic systems under other activities (i.e., LASH and Low Cost Missile projects) which have been designed to peform wide FOV spectral cueing and narrow FOV spatial confirmation on military targets of interest, and will utilize a unique PGP spectrometer and MIDIS real-time HSI processor technology to successfully field a tower based HSI/MSI/HRI, CC&D target detection ATR experimental sensor system. To satisfy the objective of the Phase I program, the SOC team will conduct the following tasks: (1) Develop common optic system requirements; (2) Conduct a tower field sensor system tradeoff study; (3) Define the tower sensor test objectives; (4) Deliver a tower and operational sensor software testbed; (5) Conduct a tower sensor design; (6) Identify potential sources of capital for commericalization; and (7) Provide reporting. Completion of these tasks will satisfy the objective of our program, "to develop a common optic system that will allow the capability to perform wide FOV spectral cueing and narrow FOV confirmation on military target of interest", by utilizing the available SOC MIDIS and RAI PGP spectrometer technology to facilitate successful development of a common fore-optic sensor for real-time spectrally enhanced ATR demonstrations. The effort will develop the technical underpinnings for real-time HSI/MSI/HRI sensor and processing techniques for wide FOV spectral cueing and narrow FOV agile spectrally enhanced, spatial confirmation on military targets of interest with a high success rate utilizing a common fore-optics system; and by modeling a simulation with available HS/MS imagery data provide the expected performance for various applications so as to be able to define a realistic detail Phase II plan for the development and demonstration of the targeting system and for applying this to planned systems for dual-use applications. The program will provide the technology background to be able to design and develop the next generation high performance real-time HSI/MSI enhanced ATR instruments heretofore unavailable, benefiting not only the Services, but also industry. The common optical system developed under this topic could be applied to a range of planned commercial HS remote sensing systems for both commercial and military applications. Potential military applications include CC&D target detection and identification, terrain/trafficability analysis. Potential commercial applications include remote sensing for geological, land use monitoring, agricultural, and mineral exploration purposes. |
| MORGAN RESEARCH CORP.
4811A Bradford Drive Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 533-3233
Mr. Michael Kranz DARPA 01-002 Awarded: 18OCT01 |
| Title: | No-Power MEMS Trigger Sensors for Missile Health Monitoring |
| Abstract: | To reduce total life cycle costs of Army munitions, state-of-the-art health monitoring technologies are being applied in the diagnosis and prognosis of missile system health. Due to size and cost, MEMS technology has the potential to enable advanced health monitoring systems. However, energy storage is at a premium, and even though MEMS devices consume extremely small amounts of power, the power budget is still too tight to easily meet system requirements. Therefore, the use of no power sensors and limit detectors is potentially invaluable in the development of low-maintenance health monitoring. This proposed Phase I effort will determine the feasibility of a particular no-power transduction mechanism that can be applied to inertial, chemical, temperature, and humidity sensors. The approach can result in advanced functionality including device arrays, programmable limits, and settable latching modes. This first phase will develop simulations and perform proof-of-principle experiments to verify the approach. In addition, designs and process flows will be developed in anticipation of a Phase II award. Phase II will then prototype, package, and integrate a sensor array into a health monitoring system. The MEMS devices proposed in this effort have a number of military and commercial applications. As individual devices, they would find application as trigger sensors for packages in transport, food, and health monitoring systems for missiles, rotary- and fixed-wing aircraft, automobiles, and other high-value assets. When implemented as arrays, the devices could function as triggerable electronic noses and wide dynamic range discrete-value environmental sensors. |
| EMAG TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3055 Plymouth Road, Suite 205 Ann Arbor, MI 48105 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 747-6646
Dr. George Liang DARPA 01-003 Awarded: 08NOV01 |
| Title: | New Approach to Wave Oriented Radio Propagation Modeling |
| Abstract: | Wireless communication systems are normally designed and optimized for line-of-sight propagation. In reality, however, the propagation scenario may be very complex involving a multitude of terrain features and obstacles, which generate multipath reflection, diffraction and scattering. An accurate evaluation of the communication channel performance would not be possible without a detailed knowledge of the physical features of the propagation medium. This Small Business Innovation Research project proposes a physics-based approach to channel propagation modeling. The input to the model is a database that includes topographical information, terrain features, natural and man-made scatterers, etc. A user friendly software environment will be developed to interface the physical database with an advanced ray tracing code enhanced with a comprehensive library of full-wave scattering and diffraction models. Special emphasis will be placed on polarization characteristics, fading statistics and spectral and temporal decorrelation of the channel. The proposed software package will be used for evaluation of channel performance and reliability in military mobile distributed networks as well as palnning of commercial communciation system. |
| REMCOM, INC.
315 S. Allen St., Suite 222 State College, PA 16801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 861-1299
Mr. Joseph Schuster DARPA 01-003 Awarded: 24OCT01 |
| Title: | New Approach to Wave Oriented Radio Propagation Modeling Based on Extended FDTD Methods |
| Abstract: | Predicting the signal level and coverage area of radio frequency communication channels between base stations, vehicles and warfighters is a challenging problem. The channel may involve radio frequency interactions with hills, foliage, and buildings. The paths may involve long distances over hilly terrain or shorter distances involving interaction with urban building features. Some propagation paths may simultaneously involve hills, foliage, and urban areas. Existing methods for making physics-based predictions of radio propagation are limited to single classes of interactions, such as urban, terrain, or indoor. And even though physics-based, require approximations and assumptions that limit accuracy. In this effort it is proposed to extend the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method to allow full wave calculation of long distance radio propagation over irregular terrain. Remcom has already developed a commercial quality radio propagation prediction model based on high frequency ray methods. Future plans include extending the capabilities of this software to include more accurate propagation prediction over irregular terrain including area coverage, and to mixed paths. The proposed effort should result in the most accurate irregular-terrain propagation model available. At present there is no commercial software network planning tool that will accurately predict radio propagation over irregular terrain, or over paths that simultaneously involve irregular terrain and urban features, or urban features and indoor locations, or any combination of these. The market for such a software product is large, including both commercial and DoD applications. |
| DANIEL H. WAGNER, ASSOC., INC.
40 Lloyd Avenue, Suite 200 Malvern, PA 19355 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 644-3400
Dr. Scott S. Brown DARPA 01-004 Awarded: 31OCT01 |
| Title: | Tracking Dynamic Sources For Sonar Signal Processing |
| Abstract: | Sonar performance is characterized by its ability to distinguish intended targets from background noise. Background noise includes both ambient noise in the ocean and interference from non-target ships. Non-target ships present moving noise sources which are not adequately suppressed by existing techniques. This project will estimate the extent two existing technologies can suppress moving noise sources. First, methods from mathematical finance will be used to model the time varying covariance of sonar noise, which is the key element of sonar detection with moving noise sources. Second, a multi-target tracker will be integrated with the signal processing to provide an explicit model for moving noise sources. We will evaluate the improvement in signal gain and interference rejection from these techniques. The proposed project will improve the ability of Naval sonar systems to detect moving targets in the in the presence of moving acoustic interferers. Commercial applications include identification of dynamic factors for financial analysis. |
| ORINCON CORP.
9363 Towne Centre Drive San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 351-4440
Dr. Henry Cox DARPA 01-004 Awarded: 30OCT01 |
| Title: | Processing Techniques for Dynamic Sources |
| Abstract: | This research is directed toward the Navy's current ASW problem, detecting quiet diesel-electric and air independent propulsion (AIP) submarines in littoral regions where today's systems are ineffective due to interference from many loud moving surface ships. New algorithms will be developed that are effective for this nonstationary problem, rejecting multiple loud moving interferers while simultaneously improving signal matching for a quiet moving target. In addition, we will develop absolute bounds on the performance that can be achieved by any algorithm. The approach involves analysis and simulation of structured scenarios of increasing complexity to isolate specific effects and provide insight and understanding. This work builds on ORINCON's extensive experience with adaptive beamforming and leading role in recent efforts that address the nonstationary problem. It takes advantage of an existing simulation capability to permit rapid progress with limited resources. Algorithms developed in Phase I will be demonstrated on sea test data recording using a real-time implementation in Phase II. A subsequent transition to the Navy via the Advanced Process Build (APB) program is planned. The new algorithms will also be applicable to nonstationary problems in radar and wireless communication. This research will provide new adaptive algorithms that are effective in nonstationary environments. Simulation scenarios will be developed along with performance bounds that can be used as benchmarks for other algorithms. Results will be applicable to nonstationary problems in bistatic radar and wireless communications, as well as for passive sonar. |
| BELTRAN, INC.
1133 EAST 35TH STREET BROOKLYN, NY 11210 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(718) 377-0227
Dr. Yakov S. Khodorkovsky DARPA 01-005 Awarded: 23OCT01 |
| Title: | RF Polymers for Integrated Sensors |
| Abstract: | Beltran proposes to develop a new advanced technology for the fabrication of magnetic polymers. One of the possible ways to provide the values of magnetic characteristics required for electronic applications of polymer materials is to utilize polymer materials in the form of magnetic nanoparticles incorporated in easily available organic polymer matrices. The necessary magnetic and resistance properties can be controlled by the properties of the incorporated nanoparticles, the matrices and their bonding. Thus, the main technical objective of the Phase I effort is the development of a new approach for the fabrication of magnetic metamaterials with radio frequency (RF) properties suitable for application to integrated RF sensor technologies and superior to conventional ferrites by creating magnetic polymers involving nanoparticles of various magnetic materials. The advanced magnetic and resistance properties will be demonstrated by direct measurements of the materials prototypes. The anticipated benefits are: possibility of producing large quantities of bulk magnetic polymers; stability of organic polymer matrix in the most hazardous operating conditions; light weight of the materials (at least 2.5 time less than currently utilized materials); possibility of fabricating magnetic polymer materials with advanced radio frequency properties suitable for application to integrated RF sensor technologies; easily machinable; possibility of developing these technology methods for other requirements. The potential commercial applications are the fabrication of magnetic metamaterials for radio electronic components, radiation shielding, magnetic refrigeration, magneto-optical memory, polymer wave-guides and amplifiers and magneto-electronics. |
| MISSION RESEARCH CORP.
Post Office Drawer 719, 735 State Street Santa Barbara, CA 93102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 429-9261
Dr. William J. Kent DARPA 01-005 Awarded: 19OCT01 |
| Title: | RF Polymers for Integrated Sensors |
| Abstract: | Polymer composites have had an important role in radio frequency (RF), microwave, and millimeter-wave (mm-wave) engineering. These materials offer good mechanical and electrical properties. However, the excellent properties of conventional polymer composites are not ideal for use at RF frequencies. Recent innovations in polymer composite engineering has provided the possibility for engineered materials with tailored mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. The goal of this proposed research project is the investigation of potential polymer composites that exhibit magnetic properties and to find specific applications in integrated RF apertures. Computational electromagnetic tools will be adapted for this effort and exercised to determine electrical properties for an example aperture and an extensive literature search will be conducted concerning the modification of electrical and especially magnetic properties. The MRC team has expertise in all aspects of the proposed project including military RF applications, computational electromagnetics, composite polymer engineering, and microwave-grade ferromagnetic materials. In the proposed Phase I effort, the MRC team will identify optimal polymer and magnetic materials. In addition, optimal material properties will be defined, and a proof-of-concept research program including coupon fabrication, property testing, and aperture design/fabrication/testing will be proposed for Phase II. A new class of integrated apertures using ferrite loaded composite materials will have many applications in both military and commercial communications, wireless, and RF systems. Shared apertures, wideband applications, as well as new types of low cost, lightweight antennas with low physical or conformal profile have a large potential market in wireless network environment. MRC will vigorously pursue all potential applications of the antenna and systems technologies resulting from a successful result of the proposed research. |
| AZTECH ENGINEERING, LLC
71B Woodland St Manchester, CT 06040 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 533-1421
Mr. Ronald Gagnon DARPA 01-006 Awarded: 02NOV01 |
| Title: | Gun Launched Guided Projectile |
| Abstract: | Ensuring U.S. technological superiority over potential adversaries through the use of emerging technologies to improve warfighter lethality, survivability, and mobility is central in the effort to maintain effective fighting forces. Conventional medium caliber projectiles fall short of desired effectiveness due to many physical and environmental factors such as aiming inaccuracy, component manufacturing tolerances, wind effects, etc. A guided projectile that could eliminate these factors at long (or short) ranges would substantially improve hit probability, increasing effective range and lethality. Longer standoff distances also contribute to higher warfighter survivability. Further, increased lethality of smaller caliber weapons contributes to greater force mobility. The objective of this Phase I effort is to develop a technically feasible concept for a medium caliber guided projectile and its guidance and control system. Our approach exploits recent advances in 'smart' material development to provide an innovative projectile flight control mechanism driven through a very simple communications link to its weapon-based transceiver. The flight control mechanism's simplicity and robust configuration offers high survivability for the severe launch and flight conditions anticipated. We propose a 25 mm diameter projectile to highlight its simplicity and compactness, though the concept readily scales to the full range of interest (12mm to 40mm). This guided projectile will significantly increase effective range and lethality over currently available munitions, with direct application to a broad range of existing military and law enforcement weapon platforms. |
| OMNITEK PARTNERS, LLC
585 Farmdale Road Franklin Lakes, NJ 07417 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(201) 310-7666
Mr. Ernest A. Elgin DARPA 01-006 Awarded: 28NOV01 |
| Title: | Power Genaration for Gun Launched Interceptors |
| Abstract: | The project has the objective of studying the feasibility of a number of novel methods and concepts for electric power generation for high-speed guided gun-launched interceptors and other similar projectiles. A number of the electrical power generation concepts are integrated into the structure of the projectile. As the result, all or a significant portion of the space required to house an equivalent power source can be saved. In addition, the electrical power generation device and its related components are better protected against high acceleration loads, vibration, impact loading, repeated loading and acceleration and deceleration cycles that can be experienced during transportation and loading operations. The emphasis of the project is on the development of electrical power generation devices for supersonic, highly maneuverable, gun launched, guided medium caliber projectiles that are subjected to high firing acceleration loads. The advocated electrical power generation designs that are highly resistance to shock and impact loading greatly reduce the power source space requirement, thereby increasing the space available for electronic and guidance and control gear and payload. The designs would also have commercial application for all disposable electronics and communication devices, particularly those that have to be protected against possible impact and dropping of the device. |
| NATURAL INTERACTION SYSTEMS, LLC
2470 Summit Ct. Lake Oswego, OR 97034 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(503) 860-6253
Dr. Philip R. Cohen DARPA 01-007 Awarded: 31OCT01 |
| Title: | Multi-Modal Command Interaction |
| Abstract: | This project attempts to develop an architecture that will enable us to transition multimodal (speech and sketch) technologies for a variety of C3I tasks to the DoD. For example, users will be able to create courses of action, collaborate with other users, invoke simulators, etc. by speaking and sketching on tablet computers, PDAs, wearable, wall-sized, and paper-based systems. In virtue of a multiagent architecture and interoperation frameworks (e.g., the CoABS Grid), advanced interface technologies will be able to interoperate with DoD information systems. Phase I will involve analysis and extension of our multimodal architecture, particularly to support "intelligent paper." It will also involve designing experiments to assess the strengths and weaknesses of multimodal technology in the field. Phase II would then involve further development of the multimodal architecture and conduct of those experiments. If this research and development effort is successful, warfighters will be able to interact with command and control systems using speech and sketch. They will be able to do so in a variety of circumstances, and with equipment in a variety of form factors. Notable among these are tablet computers, PDA, and intelligent paper. The latter will offer ultra portability, the resolution and well understood failure modes of paper, but will also offer the benefits of digital systems. Users will be able to save substantial time in interacting with existing C3I systems, such as MCS, and will be able to transition from a method in which both paper maps and computer systems are used. Rather, employing just "intelligent paper," the user will be able to get both sets of advantages simultaneously, thereby halving the workload. Thus, we anticipate being able to overcome warfighters' resistance to adopting digital systems by providing an interface that does not fail, and engenders confidence. |
| SIGMA SYSTEMS RESEARCH, INC.
9725 Aspen Hollow Way, #210 Fairfax, VA 22032 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 864-8506
Dr. Jerzy Bala DARPA 01-007 Awarded: 22OCT01 |
| Title: | Incorporation of Commonsense Reasoning of Geographical Spaces and Advanced Computer Visualization for Voice Controlled Map Sketching |
| Abstract: | The goal of this Phase I research project is to develop an integrated system to enable multi-modal input, allowing a participant to use spoken commands to create and edit map sketches. The project will develop an architecture for multi-modal interaction, perform initial experimental validation, and develop a set of metrics and an experimental paradigm for demonstrating the strength and weaknesses of the proposed technology. The Phase I research will evaluate the performance and usability differences among the modes of input for different sketch creation tasks, with a particular focus on speech commands. The research will also explore the use of a speech recognition approach that exploits commonsense knowledge of geographical spaces for a particular set of command tasks (e.g., via incorporation of Na‹ve Geography based reasoning). The ultimate goal is to synergistically combine this spatial reasoning with sketch understanding to support course of action's planning, editing, and monitoring within a multi-modal command post. The first targeted commercialization sector for this technology is the area of multimodal command interaction in military command posts. This technology will also be extremely applicable to all other areas where instructors or knowledge workers might wish to incorporate illustrative sketches, animations and who desire a more fluid interface to their presentation creation tool. |
| MSE TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS, INC.
200 Technology Way, P. O. Box 4078 Butte, MT 59702 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(406) 586-7869
Dr. Garth James DARPA 01-008 Awarded: 05NOV01 |
| Title: | Biofilm Capture of Chemical Warfare Agents |
| Abstract: | The potential use of biological and chemical warfare agents presents a threat to both military and civilian communities. Improved methods of capturing and detecting these agents are needed to increase public safety and protect military personnel. Biofilms may be one answer to this problem. Biofilms consist of microorganisms growing on a surface and enmeshed in a polymer matrix. Observations of many biofilms in a variety of environments suggest that they have a natural ability to bind a wide range of organic and inorganic substances from their surroundings. This property of biofilms may be exploited to improve the detection of chemical and biological warfare agents. The ability of biofilms to concentrate trace quantities of hazardous substances will result in improved detection techniques. The research proposed herein will evaluate the ability of biofilms to capture and concentrate potential chemical warfare agents. Recently there has been significant research into detection of biological and chemical warfare agents. However, much less effort has been put towards collection and concentration of these agents. This is the primary benefit of biofilm technology - an inexpensive collection system that uses a natural biofilm to collect a toxin or pathogen in quantities that can be readily measured. Rather that taking samples periodically, the biofilm capture system could be "on line" at all times, continually collecting "data". Potential commercial applications for this technology include the monitoring of drinking water treatment and supply systems for both public utilities and the military. This inexpensive technique could be used to guard against pathogens and hazardous chemicals in drinking water supplies worldwide. |
| CAPE COD RESEARCH, INC.
19 Research Road East Falmouth, MA 02536 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 540-4400
Mr. Francis L. Keohan DARPA 01-009 Awarded: 23OCT01 |
| Title: | Fracture-Initiated Hybrid Adhesives for Self-Repairing Composites |
| Abstract: | Novel fracture-initiated adhesive materials are proposed for fabricating thermally stable, polymer matrix composites with the ability to repair themselves after sustaining structural damage. The proposed research explores the feasibility of modifying conventional thermoset resins with microencapsulated hybrid monomers that upon matrix fracture, spread to the damaged area and stabilize the structure through ambient temperature polymerization. The main objective is to develop an easily processed resin system with strong adhesion to reinforcing fibers, high thermal stability, robust reactivity over a wide temperature range, and the ability to recover mechanical properties after being damaged. The proposed microencapsulated hybrid monomers cure by a combination of chemical processes by contact with matrix-embedded low cost catalysts. The resulting repair resins will exhibit equivalent thermal stability to the original matrix resin system. In the proposed study, the candidate materials for these resin repair additives will be identified, a new type of inorganic-organic hybrid monomer synthesized, structure-property profiles determined and the ability to cure into useful materials by fracture-induced initiation demonstrated. Mechanical properties of candidate composite specimens and controls with glass and graphite fiber-reinforcements will be measured before and after impact-induced damage and compared. Procedures for applying this technology to aerospace-grade composites will be prepared. The benefits of an easy-to-process, impact resistant composite having the ability to repair itself after sustaining damage include higher survivability, excellent environmental durability, improved mission readiness and lower maintenance costs. Potential commercial applications lie in the manufacture of structural aerospace components for both military and civilian markets as well as for automotive applications. |
| QUOIN, INC.
1331 N. Inyo Ridgecrest, CA 93555 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 446-4052
Mr. Michael D. Jacobson DARPA 01-010 Awarded: 03DEC01 |
| Title: | Lightweight Man-Portable Winch |
| Abstract: | Urban warfare tactics call for clearing buildings from the top down. Roof access is greatly improved by a lightweight, efficient winch. The devise generates 1-2 hp, lifting soldiers with fighting load (~ 100 kg) at a rate of 1 meter per second. Radiated noise is less than 50 db. It will be as efficient as possible to minimize the fuel consumption and thermal signature. We will conduct an engineering feasibility investigation for the lifting system with the use of computer analysis of system elements. Trade studies will evaluate three system approaches to the portable lift. The preferred approach for the power supply is Quoin's PowerQuickTM free-piston-based micro-engine; currently under development as a primary power source for DARPA. The high-pressure gas from the power source drives a small turbine internal to a winch. Studies will focus on the design and integration of the winch along with implementation of the operator interfaces. A preliminary concept for a small 3-pound device clamps on a mountaineer's climbing rope. It has an integral power, turbine drive, operator control interfaces. This device is to be demonstrated in Phase I. An interesting variation of the concept features a belt mounted power supply that can power many tools. Quoin has teamed with commercial manufacturers to design versions of the power supply for use in portable nailers and firefighting equipment. Work will expand to include additional civilian and military applications. |
| ACCULASER, INC.
12526 High Bluff Dr suite 260 San Diego, CA 92130 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 314-2358
Dr. Sandra Almeida DARPA 01-011 Awarded: 18OCT01 |
| Title: | Use of Light Emitting Diodes (LED) in Pathogen Elimination, Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration |
| Abstract: | In the published scientific literature, various articles have described the process of "photobiostimulation". This process involves the irradiation of tissue with infrared light sources resulting in the improvement in such conditions as wounds and arthritis. Some authors have described the improved healing of wounds and arthritis not only at the irradiated sight but also on contralateral limbs. These findings suggest the presence of a humoral substance which may be formed as the result of tissue irradiation by infrared light. This experiment will use an animal model to identify the presence of such a humoral substance. At baseline a blood mass spectography will be measured then subjects will be irradiated with infrared light and repeat mass spectographic measurements will be taken and compared to baseline. Several different infrared wavelengths and power densities will be compared. Bilateral wounds will be created on each subject and on control group. Comparison will be made on wound healing times between the groups and between the contralateral wounds. Also, the presence of wound infection will be noted, if it occurs, and compared between groups. The identification of the formation of a substance with tissue healing effects due to the application of infrared light is a groundbreaking discovery. The further elucidation of the substance could have profound therapeutic benefits in a wide variety of potential applications such as wounds, burns, degenerative musculoskeletal disorders and cancer. In burn injuries for instance, light therapy (or the substance) may prove far superior to conventional treatments and skin grafting. Also, in a military setting combat personnel in the field could possibly benefit from the immediate application of light therapy to wounds or burn injuries. This equipment could be designed to be portable, lightweight and capable of withstanding the rigors of the operational environment. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-7892
Dr. Gregory Zeltser DARPA 01-011 Awarded: 26OCT01 |
| Title: | Photodynamic Decontamination and Biostimulation System |
| Abstract: | In response to DARPA's request for a new technology that provides: 1) rapid detection and elimination of pathogens in contaminated traumatic skin wounds (including thermal, radiation and chemical burns) and 2) accelerates wound healing in a sterile environment using light emitting diodes (LED), Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a unique Photodynamic Decontamination and Biostimulation (PDB) system. The system is based on the topical application of lipid-coated microbubbles (LCM) enclosing Methylene blue as a photosensitizer and illumination of the wound with two NASA light-emitting diode (LED) arrays. One of the LED arrays is used for photosensitizer excitation and generation of antimicrobial reactive chemical species. The second array will produce a powerful biostimulating effect on wound healing. LCM formulation of the Methylene blue allows eradicating both extra-and intra-cellular pathogens. Decoloration of a small portion of the dye (released from the LCM during light irradiation) will indicate the presence of a pathogen and/or an active inflammation. The PDB system integrates three major components: an LCM generating subsystem, an LED array subsystem, and a transparent wound bandage. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the PDB system's ability to eliminate pathogens and stimulate wound healing within vitro experiments. The successful completion of this project will result in a reliable, portable, and cost-efficient device using a novel technology for open wound decontamination and treatment, which's also suitable for a wide range of commercial applications, notably treatment of serious burns, crush injuries, traumatic ischemic wounds, radiation tissue damage, compromised skin grafts, and hospital infection. |
| QUANTUM DEVICES, INC.
112 Orbison Street, P.O. Box 100 Barneveld, WI 53507 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(608) 924-3000
Mr. Ronald W. Ignaitus DARPA 01-011 Awarded: 08NOV01 |
| Title: | Use of Light Emitting Diodes (LED) in Pathogen Elimination, Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration |
| Abstract: | Enhancing the soldier's tissue responses to injury may lead to battlefield resilience and medical independence. Counter-measures to chemical, biological and radioactive weapons exposures, which are based on biostimulation of natural tissue regeneration mechanisms, could be more universally safe and effective than conventional drugs and surgical modalities. Regeneration of wounded organs and limbs may also be possible if biostimulation could reawaken molecular events leading to re-growth of tissue. We are now investigating applications of LED wound healing technology for self-care of the soldier. Several uniquely military situations and indications could be addressed, optimizing near-IR parameters for wound healing via LED's during extended missions, under conditions in which the soldier is separated from medical personnel. This DARPA funded SBIR will begin work to dramatically enhance biostimulation using this LED-technology with a project focused on rapid healing of retinal laser-injury. There is no doubt that this type biostimulatory enhancement, once demonstrated, can be immediately applied to military applications and will have profound economic implications for the health care industry. With the development of a low cost LED source, this technology will no doubt find its way into rural area medical facilities thereby making the technology readily available to everyone. The world wide commercial implications for this device technology are enormous. |
| RAINBOW COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
2362 Qume Drive, Suite F San Jose, CA 95131 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 577-0109
Dr. Sean Zhang DARPA 01-011 Awarded: 21NOV01 |
| Title: | Gallium Nitride Based Light-Emitting Diodes (LED) for Pathogen Elimination, Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration |
| Abstract: | Rainbow Communications proposes to investigate a compact, high-output-power, cost efficient, light-emitting diodes (LED) based on III-V nitride materials, quantum-well, and a tapered-optical-amplifier structure for applications in pathogen eliminations, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. The LED will be capable of producing more than 50-mW output power in the UV and/or visible wavelength region. Several unique features distinguish it. First, Rainbow will monolithically integrate a light emitting waveguide, and a tapered optical amplifier into a INGaN/AlGaN quantum well substrate. Second, a tapered waveguide structure will increase the coupling efficiency between the LED section and the optical amplifier section, and improve the optical amplifier efficiency. Third, by providing different wavelengths and broad-beam characteristics, the LED source will be a superior method for wound healing and tissue regeneration comparing to traditional suturing or lasers. Forth, the LED source can be used to excite visible fluorescence from the light sensitive detergent, thus providing the residual distribution of pathogens. In Phase I, Rainbow will demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed Gallium Nitride (GaN) LED source for medical usage. In Phase II, a LED source based sensing, decontaminating, and regenerating system will be developed and demonstrated under in vivo stimulation of tissue growth condition. This project will enable development of a compact, low-cost, reliable, highly efficient, high-power LED source for use in pathogen eliminations, wound healing, and tissue regeneration for wounded soldiers caused by chemical, biological, thermal, and radiation burns. The resulted products can be used in effective sterilization of contacted surfaces in a medical treatment facility without any residual chemical by-products. |
| NEOTERIC TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3077 Leeman Ferry Road, P.O. Box 4709 Huntsville, AL 35815 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 650-4601
Mr. James W. Neiers DARPA 01-012 Awarded: 10OCT01 |
| Title: | Prediction Markets as a Decision Support Tool |
| Abstract: | A project to explore extending electronic prediction markets for use as a decision aid tool. Investigation focuses on issues of a military interest but has broader implications. Issues explored include methods to identify suitable issues, relevant events, screen events for suitability for electronic markets, identification of market participants, and identification of appropriate incentives. Related issues of legality, acceptance, regulatory restrictions, and adjunct decision making benefits are also explored. Test markets are designed and demonstrations planned. Improved accuracy of predictions resulting from aggregation of individual knowledgeable inputs, even when knowledge is of limited scope. Responsive nature of predictions offered to users with minimum intrusion on responding individuals. Anonymity and potential for personal reward provides envrionment for honest response. Methodology offers improvements over surveys. |
| NET EXCHANGE
12625 High Bluff Drive, Suite 316 San Diego, CA 92130 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 793-9630
Dr. Charles W. Polk DARPA 01-012 Awarded: 12OCT01 |
| Title: | Electronic Market-Based Decision Support |
| Abstract: | Net Exchange proposes a Phase I DARPA SBIR study into the use of combinatorial information markets as decision support tools. The specific application studied will be the estimation of international military instability. The efficiency of U.S. troop deployment can be significantly improved if better estimates of international stability can be made. We will test whether information markets can do this. International stability, as well as many other military and commercial applications, involves the estimation of separate events that are, none the less, complexly inter-related. To provide probability estimates of interrelated events, an information market must be able to handle conditional probabilities. Simple information markets, exemplified by the Iowa Political Stock Exchange, do not and cannot deal with conditional probabilities. A combinatorial market can. In the case of an information market, this functionality is precisely what is needed to handle conditional probabilities among future events. The founders of Net Exchange, while still at Caltech, designed, built, and operated their first combinatorial market in 1992 to assist NASA in R&D resource allocation for its Cassini Saturn mission. The firm was spun out of Caltech in 1994 and has since been a pioneer in the development and commercial use of combinatorial markets. Information markets based on combinatorial processes offer promising solutions for problems and concerns within the DoD and the private sector. Within the DoD, information markets can augment the extensive wargaming activities undertaken by the various services and other DoD functions. In this role, the information market pools the opinions of a broad array of spectators and can be used to compare the actions taken by the wargame participants with the predictions formed from the aggregation of spectator opinions. An information market that can handle conditional probabilities among interrelated and contingent actions provides the level of detail needed in this sort of wargaming application - such functionality is exactly what combinatorial processes bring to an information market. Also within the DoD, but directly affecting actual military operations, is the potential to apply information markets to allocating operational resources. An operational extension of the international military instability application proposed in this proposal could be used to help direct the strategic positioning of resources. More sophisticated and dynamic combinatorial information markets could be used for increasingly fine tactical situations, including, in the extreme, battlefield management functions. Within the private sector, combinatorial information markets offer great potential for improving the management of certain key business processes. The management of a portfolio of internal research and development (R&D) efforts would be a high-valued and rather straightforward application of a combinatorial information market. As the critical information required to make the portfolio decisions is held by the researchers involved with each effort while the portfolio decisions must be made by levels of management above these researchers, an information market is motivated. Many industries have similar R&D structures and many business processes in addition to R&D can benefit from combinatorial information markets. |
| IROBOT CORP.
22 McGrath Hwy, Suite 6 Somerville, MA 02143 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 629-0055
Mr. Ben Wirz DARPA 01-013 Awarded: 04OCT01 |
| Title: | Robot Beacon Module for Minimum-Resource |
| Abstract: | iRobot Corp. has already developed an infrared communication, robot location, and obstacle detection system called ISIS and incorporated it into a swarm of robots. ISIS provides two degrees of angular resolution, a communication range of up to eight meters, and a 125 kbits/sec data rate. It has a total cost of approximately $150, and measures 3.5" x 3.5" x 1". The proposed design will miniaturize ISIS to 1/50 the current volume (the size of a checker piece). It will reduce the cost to be on the order of $10 in large quantities. It will extend ISIS' capabilities to have one degree angular resolution (using eight detectors), and will be modulated for better noise rejection and greater dynamic range (up to fifteen meters). We expect to provide a low-cost, complete infrared communication, robot location, and obstacle detection system on a single chip. This will enable mass producible swarms of robots for use in research, toys, home and industrial applications. It is a key for future research in swarm technology and will allow development of highly-scalable homogeneous and heterogeneous distributed robotic systems. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-7892
Dr. Ilya Agurok DARPA 01-013 Awarded: 16OCT01 |
| Title: | Omnidirectional Robotic Beacon-eye |
| Abstract: | DARPA is seeking to develop an advanced omnidirectional beacon-eye for robotic applications. Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new compact Omnidirectional Robotic Beacon-eye (ORB) based on a solid panoramic head, which will transfer an input area of ñ7ø in elevation and 360ø horizontal to a conventional conical input field where it can be imaged to the receiver. In the reverse path, the receiving beacon-eye can be used as a beacon. The special orthogonal grooved structure can provide retroreflection of incoming beams. This allows members of the robotic team to use another robot for triangulation even if the other robot is disabled and without power. The proposed ORB offers several advantages including compact design involving eye, beacon and retroreflection in one device modular design easily mountable on the robot and low cost. In Phase I POC will design, fabricate and evaluate the prototype of the proposed ORB. In Phase II the beacon-eye will be integrated and tested in an actual multicommunication scheme. The proposed robotic beacon-eye can be used in the commercial sector in a variety of multicommunication schemes including security systems, law enforcement and many other current and future potential applications. |
| GROUPSYSTEMS.COM
1430 E. Ft. Lowell, Suite 301 Tucson, AZ 85719 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 322-7179
Dr. Robert O. Briggs DARPA 01-014 Awarded: 17OCT01 |
| Title: | Interaction with Experiences |
| Abstract: | DARPA recognizes the need to capture and transform human experience and, based on those experiences and incoming information, develop a schedule of actions to augment the cognitive abilities of humans. One reason for capturing human experience is to alleviate the increasing number of demands on the warfighter who has a limited cognitive capacity. Another reason for capturing human experience is to allow knowbots to perform the work of the warfighter on the battlefield. GroupSystems.com proposes to conduct a feasibility analysis for an integrated online open-architecture software environment that will augment the cognitive abilities of warfighters as they work individually or together, assisted by knowbots, to make sense of circumstances and control events on the distant battlefield. We believe that by doing so, we can better prepare the warfighter so that he can take a proactive rather than reactive role on the battlefield, improving his chances of survival. Any industry that can benefit from improved group dynamics, can benefit from BattleSpace. This is because the product suite will be flexible and scalable, making it ideal to develop customized products. One can add domain specific behavioral knowledge through unique authoring tools, ensuring a tailored environment to support group work. |
| INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT SERVICES, INC.
2101 Wilson Blvd., Suite 916 Arlington, VA 22201 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 528-0334
Mr. Evan Fraser DARPA 01-014 Awarded: 30OCT01 |
| Title: | Interaction with Experiences |
| Abstract: | This project proposes to transform studied brain wave patterns into experiential criteria for interpretation and understanding of human interactions with and by computer systems. The study aims to simulate the steps of interpreting pre-existing brain wave patterns, for various AI techniques to interpret and store maps of experience. Interpretation will be made by human monitors to facilitate the transitions from brave wave pattern to each stage in the computer system. The inevitable progression, in later research, will be to remove the human monitors, required in this study, from the system and replace them with autonomous monitors and interpreters. The result of this feasibility study will therefore be a set of tests using predefined components to illustrate that interpretation of centralized or distributed experience can produce a useful and sensible plan of action. This initial research will identify the ability to interpret and human behaviors making it immediately appealing to disabled people to use as a prototype interpretation system of their needs and wants. |
| KNOWLEDGE ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC.
4940 Pearl East Circle, Suite 200 Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 545-9092
Dr. Karen Lochbaum DARPA 01-015 Awarded: 21NOV01 |
| Title: | New Event Detection |
| Abstract: | Intelligence organizations want to know when an unprecedented event or new information is reported. While there is good technology for searching, tracking, and filtering on known topics, current methods do poorly at detecting something new. The chief mechanism of search and topic tracking, spotting important words, is innapropriate-new stories are not ones with no important words. Because the degree of difference of new and old is different for different topics, uniform thresholds for overlap, as used in current filtering technologies, are also inapproriate. This project approaches the problem in three new ways. First, it applies Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA), a machine-learning technology that simulates human understanding of discourse. After automatic training on a large body of representative text, LSA accurately measures amount of meaning similarity between two passages using all the words in both. Texts with a few words in common are not judged similar if their meaning is different, but are, even if they use entirely different terminology, if their meaning is the same. Second, the system interacts with human users to adapt its criteria to their interests and the characteristics of the data. Third, it uses novel LSA-based storage and retrieval techniques to increase efficiency and capacity. The target innovative new event and new information technology will be of benefit to intelligence agencies and government and private organizations needing to keep abreast of news and developments in commerce, science, and world affairs. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
1660 So. Amphlett Blvd., Suite 350 San Mateo, CA 94402 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 545-1478
Mr. Ronald Braun DARPA 01-015 Awarded: 21NOV01 |
| Title: | Modeling Topic Pragmatics for Improved First Story Detection |
| Abstract: | We propose an innovative combination of machine learning techniques and pragmatics modeling in pursuit of high accuracy, domain- and language-independent First Story Detection. Our Topic-Oriented Pragmatics and Invariant Chaining (TOPIC) system will automatically construct topic category models that explicitly capture the pragmatics of how topic cohesion is maintained across the stories that constitute a news topic. These models will be used to generate predictions about the types of stories expected on diverse news channels, providing a hitherto untapped source of novelty discrimination. Central to our pragmatics-based approach is the idea that the invariant entities and events that constitute a topic are better determinants of topicality than full-text similarity measures. Our model-based techniques combine with statistical text-similarity algorithms to provide independent perspectives on story topicality. Committee-based methods arbitrate these multiple classification viewpoints. TOPIC also exploits redundancy in pragmatics expression across news channels and source languages. Phase I research and development of a proof-of-concept limited prototype will demonstrate the feasibility and utility of TOPIC's First Story Detection capability and will lay the groundwork for its Phase II implementation and eventual commercialization. Besides being an important tool for intelligence analysis, TOPIC would also prove useful in numerous commercial domains (e.g., competitive market analysis and epidemiology) where the identification and monitoring of topical news articles is a requirement. Another exciting application is in the creation of individually customized news reports. |
| AGAVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC.
P.O. Box 80010 Austin, TX 78708 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 671-1369
Dr. Joel Tabb DARPA 01-016 Awarded: 03DEC01 |
| Title: | Biomolecular Optical Nanostructures |
| Abstract: | Biology provides a vast number of examples of nanostructures produced at a level of precision that is superior to those that we can produce in the laboratory. The diversity of naturally occurring S-layers suggests that the nature of these self-assembled structures is genetically controlled and can therefore be manipulated through recombinant processes. In this Phase I research plan, Agave BioSystems proposes to combine S-layers, a self-organizing component of bacterial cell walls, with newly described luminescent nanoparticles to generate novel structures containing regular arrays of photoactivatable fluorescent materials. This approach can yield complex optical nanostructures much faster and much cheaper than by other nanofabrication techniques. Of particular interest is the use of these optical nanoarrays for high-density data storage. Data storage using this technology would not only yield significantly greater capacity, but would also increase access speeds, improve reliability and reduce manufacturing costs. Revolutionary new electronic and optical devices could be made possible with the ability to reliably create large arrays of nanoparticulate systems. Possible applications include optical data storage devices, deep UV and x-ray diffraction devices and optical components, and novel biomedical fluorescent detection devices. Once the technology is fully developed, these nanostructures could have a significant impact on the multi-billion dollar computer, optoelectronics, and communications markets. |
| BIOELASTICS RESEARCH, LTD.
2800 MILAN COURT, SUITE 386 BIRMINGHAM, AL 35211 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(205) 943-6590
Dr. Dan W. Urry DARPA 01-016 Awarded: 15NOV01 |
| Title: | TRANSDUCTIONAL ELASTIC PROTEIN-BASED POLYMERS AS NANOSENSORS BY AFM/DFSBY AFM/DFS |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR to DARPA brings together five remarkable elements relevant to elastic protein-based polymers for the development of diverse nanosensors: i. the incomparable protein compositional control of biology, ii. a consilient mechanism of energy conversion utilizing inverse temperature transitions capable of eighteen classes of pair-wise energy conversions, iii. polymers that develop the highest known acoustic absorption on undergoing the transition, iv. polymers with perfectly reversible elasticity for efficient mechanics-based transduction, and v. adding dynamic force spectroscopy capacity to atomic force microscopy for monitor the free energy transduction. The technical objectives are: (1) To design, prepare and verify a specific elastic protein-based polymer composition for development as nanoscale chemo-mechanical and electro-mechanical transducers, (2) To assemble polymer chains into multi-stranded twisted nanofilaments capable of chemo-mechanical transduction using the COOH/COO- chemical couple and of electro-mechanical transduction using the NAD+/NADH redox couple. (3) To develop the capacity of Dynamic Force Spectroscopy to measure changes in the acoustic absorption of twisted bioelastic nanofilaments suspended between cantilever tip and substrate surface of an AFM apparatus, and (4) To detect free energy transduction at the nanoscale due to the chemical and electrochemical potential changes noted above in (2), that is, to develop these specific nanosensors. The anticipated benefits flow from the extreme versatility of the nanosensor design that employs elastic protein-based (bioelastic) polymers and their inverse temperature transitions capable of eighteen classes of pair-wise energy conversions involving the intensive variables of mechanical force, temperature, pressure, chemical potential, electrochemical potential and electromagnetic radiation. As a protein-based nanosensor, it promises the famed selectivity and efficiency of protein-based machines. When combined with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and dynamic force spectroscopy (DFS), there is potential for the ultimate in sensitivity, i.e., single molecule detection. Design of the device removes the repeated requirement to scan in the z-direction using a piezo with strain gauge, but rather allows for the more robust circumstance of a fixed z setting and detects changes in the acoustic absorption attending the transductional event. While the number of applications appears to be limitless with this design of nanosensor, we might note detection of nerve gases, explosives (DNT, TNT), assay of kinase activities for medical diagnostics, etc. |
| SOLUS, INC.
6555 Fort Myer Dr., Suite 700 Arlington, VA 22209 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(202) 333-3175
Dr. Roger von Hanwehr DARPA 01-016 Awarded: 03DEC01 |
| Title: | Organic Semiconductor DiazoBioPolymers as Energy-Transducing Nano-Assemblies |
| Abstract: | SOLUS Inc. proposes to develop novel organic biopolymer nano-assemblies based on diazotized melanoid building blocks. Peroxidated and nitroperoxidated non-metallated and metallated versions of these unique organic polymers, which demonstrate semiconductor-type energy transduction properties, will be synthesized. Additionally, novel bioenergetic polymer-silk hybrid nanoassembled materials will be prepared by recombinant fermentation techniques. Using proprietary methodology, polymer reactive derivatization sites will be coupled to julolidine molecular rotor moieties in order to achieve enhanced modulation of energy transduction. The effects of metallation with different rare earth species, and the effects of molecular rotor coupling, on energy transduction semiconductor behavior of the polymer nanoassemblies will be assessed utilizing dynamic fluorescence, ECL, and rf-excitation modalities. Particular focus will be devoted toward exploring the photovoltaic properties of these bio-organic polymer and polymer-silk hybrid nanoassemblies, as well as their Phase II and III development potential for integration as energetic nanodevices across a range of innovative nanoengineering product applications within the areas of biomedical instrumentation, implantable biomimetic materials and devices, photovoltaic solar cell films, and solid state biosensors. The commercially-exploitable opportunities for these polymer and polymer-silk hybrid nanoassembled bioenergetic device materials are formidable. Four major market segments for commercialization of this technology have been identified: 1) solid state surface imprints for diverse biosensing applications, 2) organic polymer photovoltaic materials for solar cell technology, 3) rf-activatable liquid phase energy transduction-driven biosensor designs for remote sensing applications in biodefense and geoplanetary science and agriculture, as well as 4) energetic materials and device technology for implantable bionics, other biomaterials, interventional biomedical devices and biomedical instrumentation. Particularly in the case of the biosensor and solar cell market domains, the commercial potential is extensive. |
| MOLECULAR IMPRINTS, INC.
1406 Camp Craft Rd. Austin, TX 78746 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 899-8539
Dr. Byung-Jin Choi DARPA 01-017 Awarded: 24OCT01 |
| Title: | Innovative Nanoimprint Tools for Optoelectronic Applications |
| Abstract: | Molecular Imprints, Inc. (MII) is a startup company in Austin, Texas, set up to develop and manufacture a unique line of nano-resolution lithography and associated semiconductor equipment based on a proprietary new technology developed at the University of Texas at Austin. MII has acquired exclusive rights to the intellectual property associated with Step and Flash Imprint Lithography (S-FIL) technology. S-FIL technology has the potential for being a low-cost, sub-50 nm, high-throughput process that has been carefully designed to substantially exploit the existing infrastructure in the semiconductor industry. MII would like to investigate the extension of S-FIL technology to the area of compound semiconductor substrates. These materials are known to be fragile, and have significant material compatibility issues at high temperatures. This proposed effort will explore the development of novel nanoimprint tools for processing compound semiconductor wafers without the use of high pressures and temperatures. The proposed research will lead to nano-lithography tools that can reliably and repeatably allow patterning of compound semiconductor devices with high process yields. |
| NANONEX CORP.
7 FOULET DRIVE PRINCETON, NJ 08540 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 683-3973
Dr. Linshu Kong DARPA 01-017 Awarded: 31OCT01 |
| Title: | Innovative, High-Throughput, Large-Area, Versatile Nanoimprint Tools |
| Abstract: | Based on the previous extensive work on NIL in Prof. Chou's group and at Nanonex Corporation, the objective of the project is to further develop a promising innovative nanoimprint lithography (NIL) machine design. The design, using a new principle, offers not only excellent uniformity of nanostructures over large areas, high-throughput (<60 sec per wafer), and scalable to 12" diameter wafers, but also it eliminates the relative lateral shifts and rotation between the mask and the wafer during the imprint (crucial to the alignments) and it provides the versatility that one machine can perform different imprint methods: from deep 3-dimentionlal imprint in a thermal plastic material to imprint in a UV (or thermal) curable polymers. The key personnel of Nanonex include former Post-docs and graduate students of Prof. Chou's group, and are experts in NIL. Nanonex has the exclusive rights on the NIL principal patent as well as other intellectual properties related NIL (including those obtained from the University of Minnesota and Princeton University), therefore having a unique position in commercialization of NIL. The commercialization of such unique NIL machine will significantly advance NIL applications. The success of the proposed project will provide DoD a revolutionary manufacturing tool that can significantly impact many areas in the military and civilian hardware, such as high speed wireless and optical communication, displays, data storage, integrated circuits (ICs), pharmaceutics, biotech, chemical synthesis, to name just a few. |
| SENSANT CORP.
14470 Doolittle Drive San Leandro, CA 94577 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 346-8166
Dr. Igal Ladabaum DARPA 01-018 Awarded: 29OCT01 |
| Title: | Virtual Ultrasound Transducer Control for Telemedicine, An Application of Flexible MEMS Arrays |
| Abstract: | Sensant Corp intends to investigate the use of microfabricated ultrasonic transducers to enhance paramedical triage. Sensant Corp believes that recent improvements in transducer technology now enable the realization of a flexible patch composed of a 2 dimensional matrix of ultrasonic elements. Such a patch, when combined with the appropriate processing hardware and algorithms, would allow remotely located specialists to arrive at diagnoses and recommended courses of action for injured soldiers on far forward echelons. The recent application of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) technology to ultrasonic devices has created an advanced ultrasonic sensor with significant advantages over conventional piezoelectric transducers. These new ultrasonic transducers are fabricated in the same manner as a silicon chip using a technique known as micromachining. In many cases, these devices can be monolithically integrated with conditioning electronics, and/or made to be flexible. Such flexible transducer patches would allow the remote specialist to virtually manipulate the transducer, and possibly even collect a volumetric data set. For this research, Sensant will perform a detailed feasibility study culminating in the design of a flexible ultrasonic transducer patch and corresponding beam-forming and signal processing algorithms. Tangible deliverables would include a detailed performance requirement specification for both the transducer array and the processing system and simulations demonstrating that such requirements indeed generate a useful diagnostic imaging capability. Sensant would also deliver process flows of viable fabrication schemes for both transducer and packaging. Sensant may also deliver first silicon of a simple 2-D transducer matrix, though this part of the effort would be financed with Sensant's own funds. Should the research prove successful, immediate opportunities for commercialization in civilian pramedical triage would materialize. Priceless value would be realized in the form of fewer combat fatalities and fewer civilian trauma fatalities. Furthermore, great cost savings would be achieved in both military and civilian healthcare expenditures because appropriate triage reduces the number of complications that require heroic medical efforts to overcome. If extremely successful, this effort would also improve conventional medical ultrasound even in non-triage applications. |
| TETRAD CORP.
357 Inverness Dr. South, Suite A Englewood, CO 80112 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 754-2309
Dr. Michael J. Zipparo DARPA 01-018 Awarded: 07NOV01 |
| Title: | A study on the feasability of designing, fabricating, and operating a virtual ultrasound array |
| Abstract: | This proposal presents a practical study of the issues and tradeoffs involved in making an ultrasound array which is capable of being operated from a remote location. The classic performance vs complexity tradeoffs are presented. The parameters which can be adjusted are listed, along with the performance variables which they affect. The number of elements and the form in which they are addressed is shown to affect the overall coverage and the flexibility that the physician has in selecting an active aperture and beam direction. After determination of the imaging applications which the array will be used in, a thorough analysis of these variables is proposed, from which the feasability will be determined and the specifications set for hardware development under a Phase II program. Remote operation of an ultrasound array is expected to have far reaching applications in both the civilian and defense sectors, including front line, triage, and trauma operations. Tie-in to a rapid diagnosis and treatment program is possible. Development of this system could also enable ultrasound specialists to perform examinations from remote sites, and in an interactive manner be able to gain the same clinical insight as if they were present at the patient location. Commercialization of direct and spinoff technology developed under this program is expected to be significant. |
| NVE CORP. (FORMERLY NONVOLATILE ELECTRON
11409 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 996-1615
Dr. Mark Tondra DARPA 01-019 Awarded: 17OCT01 |
| Title: | Spin Dependent Tunneling Magnetic Field Sensors for Clutter-Limited Detection |
| Abstract: | Highly sensitive, low power, rugged, and compact sensors are required for many military applications. Spin Dependent Tunneling (SDT) devices have been fabricated into magnetic field sensors that perform well, and have the lowest effective noise floor of any magnetoresistive sensor at high frequencies. Next generation devices, whose noise floor should approach 1 picoTesla / root Hz at 1 Hz, have the potential to meet all of the requirements for the application specified in this solicitation. Additional work is required beyond achieving basic sensitivity levels. In particular, algorithms and devices must be developed to permit several of these devices to function as a set of long-baseline gradiometers in a remote setting. This proposed Phase I SBIR effort will address these requirements. A matched field processing approach will be examined as a mode of operating in the field. Several techniques for magnetic f |