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DoD SBIR FY03.2 - SOLICITATION SELECTIONS w/ ABSTRACTS Army - Navy - DARPA - OSD - SOCOM |
| INFORMATION SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
5412 Hilldale Court Fort Collins, CO 80526 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(970) 226-6706
Dr. M.R. Azimi-Sadjadi Army 03-001 Awarded: 15JAN04 |
| Title: | A joint Feature Extraction and Data Compression Method For Low Bit Rate Transmission In Distributed Acoustic Sensor Environments |
| Abstract: | Unattended passive acoustic sensors are among the widely used sensors for remote battlefield surveillance, situation awareness and monitoring applications. These small and cost effective sensors can provide real-time information about different types of ground and airborne targets. They are rugged and reliable and can be left in the field for a long period of time after deployment. To improve the spatial resolution for separating multiple closely spaced targets that move in tight formations while reducing the on-board computational requirements, a modest quantity of single microphones could be deployed in a surveillance area of interest. These microphones are considerably less expensive, small sized and contain generic DSP boards capable of performing simple detection, feature extraction and data compression tasks. They are also equipped with basic communication systems to transmit essential compressed target information to a master station which has more sophisticated computational power to carry out high-level operations for sensor array processing and target detection, tracking, and classification. This Phase I research involves development of a joint feature extraction-data compression/encoding method for low bit rate transmission of essential target information to a master computer. The extracted subband features would allow for detection and preliminary classification of the targets in time-frequency as well as data compression and encoding. In this framework, only essential frequency and tonal target features that are needed for accurate target localization and classification will be encoded and transmitted, thus yielding a low bit rate without incurring degradation in the overall detection, tracking and classification performance. This study will also propose new methods to adaptively form sensory arrays based upon coherence information. The effectiveness of the developed schemes will be demonstrated on real and synthesized data sets. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Information Technologies Division, 20600 Gramercy Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Stephen Kupiec Army 03-001 Awarded: 15JAN04 |
| Title: | Generic Miniature Acoustic Processor for Distributed Beamforming |
| Abstract: | The U.S. Army is seeking an innovative low-cost generic sensor information transmitter with the capability to compress input acoustic signals at a ratio of 100:1 to transmit essential acoustic signatures to a remote master computer, and to execute high-performance beamforming. In response to this Army need, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to design and develop an innovative, programmable, generic miniature acoustic processor, called the Adaptive Information Remote Tactical Acoustic Processor (AIRTAP). The AIRTAP is a miniature electronics package with an innovative architecture based on unique integration of commercial off-the-shelf hardware, including generic miniature digital signal processing, SRAM and an FPGA controller, performing two-step compression: acoustic wavelet maxima analysis, reducing data by 25:1, and compression optimal vector entropy processing for an additional 4:1. In this way AIRTAP can achieve the 100:1 compression ratio Army is seeking without any loss of essential acoustic signatures. The generic AIRTAP can be customized to particular applications of the Army's choosing. The AIRTAP will cost around $105 per unit in mass production. In Phase I, a preliminary AIRTAP prototype will be developed to demonstrate its capabilities: acoustic signal processing and compression for high-performance beamforming with minimum microphone arrays. |
| KAZAK COMPOSITES, INC.
32 Cummings Park Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 932-5667
Dr. Pavel Bystricky Army 03-002 Awarded: 05JAN04 |
| Title: | Harvesting of Recoil Energy from Shock Loading |
| Abstract: | KaZaK Composites, Inc. (Woburn, MA) proposes to design and implement a system for energy harvesting of the G-force recoil energy imparted to projectiles during launch. The innovative device will use piezoelectric actuators coupled with a load transfer mechanism to convert the launch shock load into electrical energy which will replace existing battery power sources onboard projectiles. The device will be compact enough to fit into the space available inside each projectile, with no modification required to its external geometry. It will have the potential to generate the power required to operate sensors, seekers, directional devices, and other control systems embedded in the projectile. Being robust and self-contained, the device will be easy to incorporate into new munitions and retrofit into existing ones. The added capabilities afforded by the proposed system will improve range and targeting accuracy and offer potential weight and cost savings. Perhaps the most attractive feature of the system is the fact it eliminates the need to rely on batteries for powered projectiles, thereby allowing potentially unlimited shelf life. Multiple applications are anticipated for this type of system in any industry where shock loading is present and can be used as a free energy source. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
7519 Standish Place, Suite 200 Rockville, MD 20855 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 294-5250
Dr. Leonard Haynes Army 03-003 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Piezoelectric Actuation system for Small Arms Gun Barrel Stabilization |
| Abstract: | The innovation of this proposal is a configuration to achieve an active barrel stabilization system which: . uses piezoelectric components as the core of the actuation mechanism, which provide high bandwidth, backlash free motion, . uses electronic compensation to cancel piezoelectric element hysteresis and creep, . minimizes the size and weight of the piezoelectric actuators by using single crystal relaxor based piezoelectric components and by incorporating mechanical amplification, . is configured to allow the piezoelectric crystal to be mounted close to the shooter (minimizing aligned with the barrel of the gun, . decouples the shock of the weapon firing from damaging the crystal by using mechanical amplification, and by creating motion at 90 degrees from the motion of the piezoelectric component, . uses accelerometers to sense barrel motion and closed loop motion compensation to eliminate the motion in the compensation system pass-band. This approach eliminates the need for signal integration (eliminating drift problems), and small errors are inconsequential. Intelligent Automation Inc. has built systems which use this exact method of motion compensation and has eliminated random external vibration by 20 dbs and predictable motion by 40 dbs. In these systems sensor and actuator drift were irrelevant. |
| TECHNO-SCIENCES, INC.
10001 Derekwood Lane, Suite 204 Lanham, MD 20706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 577-6000
Mr. Christopher LaVigna Army 03-003 Awarded: 05JAN04 |
| Title: | Small Arms Gun Barrel Stabilization Using High Energy Density, Rugged, and Low Creep Actuators |
| Abstract: | Reducing or eliminating shooter induced disturbances, especially in combat situations, can have a substantial impact on the accuracy of fire, especially in combat situations. Under this effort, an INertially STAbilized Rifle (INSTAR) system prototype employing active stabilization will be developed and tested. A major focus of this effort is the development of novel low creep, highly rugged, precision actuators. Of relevance to this work will be issues relating to actuator displacement, force, bandwidth, packaging, mass, powering, and control. The research team will use its considerable expertise, which is based on previous INSTAR development and other smart structures work, to address these issues. |
| KAZAK COMPOSITES, INC.
32 Cummings Park Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 932-5667
Mr. Robert DaSilva Army 03-004 Awarded: 18DEC03 |
| Title: | Low Cost, Composite Modular Packaging with Biodegradability for Military Supplies |
| Abstract: | KaZaK Composites Incorporated (KCI), with assistance from the University of Massachusetts at Lowell, proposes to develop and produce an innovative modular packaging system for use in the transport and delivery of military supplies. The motivation for such future packaging systems is driven by the current need to enhance operational efficiency of soldiers in the battlefield through swift and accurate provision of supplies. In addition to the low cost, modular, and lightweight construction inherent to providing such efficacy, modular packaging will incorporate features of biodegradability, fire resistance, and favorable munitions stabilization under mechanical impact and excessive thermal loading. KCI development efforts will focus on the production of novel, low cost, and lightweight packaging systems for delivering both solid and liquid contents through the application of advanced fiber reinforced composite materials, along with the appropriate use of metal / composite hybridization. Composite materials offer enormous flexibility in constituency, allowing precise tailoring to mechanical, electrical, and chemical performance requirements. Processes such as pultrusion, filament winding, and injection molding will be employed to produce large quantities of packaging at competitively low costs. KCI has considerable experience in novel munitions packaging and has demonstrated a 60% weight reduction over comparable metal designs. |
| PHYSICS, MATERIALS & APPLIED MATH RESEARCH, L.L.C.
1333 N. Tyndall Ave. suite 212 Tucson, AZ 85719 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 882-7349
Dr. Kevin Kremeyer Army 03-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Energy Transmission, Using Self-Channeling Short-Pulse Lasers. |
| Abstract: | Ionized laser filaments can be generated with very small amounts of energy, as long as the energy density in the laser pulse is sufficiently high. The effect has been demonstrated over meters, without suffering the defocusing effects of diffraction, and it has shown remarkable immunity to turbulence, density gradients, and combustion and combustion products. Filaments carry lethal energy densities, capable of destroying any material in their path, and they have been demonstrated to scale over an order of magnitude. Current models predict the effect to scale over at least three further orders of magnitude, generating ionized paths of kilometers in length. An ionized path can serve not only as an electrical conduit, but also as an optical waveguide. As a result, this project will investigate the use of these long ionized paths (filaments) to channel large amounts of electrical and/or laser energy on target. |
| PIEZOTHERMX CORP.
30 Gravel Hill Road Kinnelon, NJ 07405 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(973) 838-8098
Mr. Bruce Haura Army 03-006 Awarded: 05JAN04 |
| Title: | Innovative Long Life Power System/Battery Recharge System for Munitions |
| Abstract: | The proposed effort is expected to result in a device that will maintain the charge on batteries that will be used in remote isolated munitions storage areas. The device will use the direct piezoelectric effect as actuated by fluctuations in the environment of the storage area. A NiTiNol actuator will be used to suplement the piezo actuator. The Phase I work will result in an early design and will demonstrate proof of principle. Phase II will result in an advanced prototype design that will be thoroughly tested in environmentally controlled laboratory conditions. The applicability to other military needs will also be investigated. |
| PHYSICS, MATERIALS & APPLIED MATH RESEARCH, L.L.C.
1333 N. Tyndall Ave. suite 212 Tucson, AZ 85719 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 882-7349
Dr. Kevin Kremeyer Army 03-007 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Flexible Detonation Chamber and Calorimeter to Release and Quantify Surface Energy |
| Abstract: | A flexible detonation chamber will be constructed within a calorimeter to measure the contribution to overall energy-release by the surface energy of nanophase metal particles. The chamber will ultimately be modified to allow various diagnostics to allow the exploration of the kinetic foundation of the increased impulsive energy release of such small particles. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Electro-Optics & Holography Division, 20600 Gramer Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Tin Aye Army 03-008 Awarded: 15JAN04 |
| Title: | Micro-Optomechanical Orientation Sensor |
| Abstract: | The U.S. Army is seeking innovative autonomous onboard orientation sensors for munitions and other orientation measurement applications as alternatives to rate gyros and GPS. Conventional rotating wheel accelerometers lack long-term reliability, and are limited in accuracy and resolution. Precision fiber optic and ring laser gyroscopes are too expensive and too large for use in most munitions. MEMS accelerometers fabricated by surface micromachining are too thin to be sufficiently accurate. To address this need, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new cost-effective Micro-OptoMechanical Orientation Sensor (MOMOS) based on a grating and an integrated optical chip, capable of measuring angles less than 0.05 mrad. MOMOS is a novel design and integration of commercially available microelements, diode lasers, microlenses, and photodetectors in a waveguide or free-space configuration, with a Bragg grating element mounted on a bulk micromachined torsion base. This new design overcomes the limitations of bulk (3D) MEMS, increasing angular sensitivity and accuracy by orders of magnitude. In Phase I, POC will design, fabricate, and test the proposed angular orientation sensor technology, and demonstrate its feasibility by analytical calculation, computer modeling, and experiment. In Phase II an advanced MOMOS prototype will be fabricated and field tested. |
| MICROASSEMBLY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3065 Richmond Parkway, Suite 109 Richmond, CA 94806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 758-2600
Dr. Michael Cohn Army 03-009 Awarded: 07JAN04 |
| Title: | Mass Fabrication of MEMS-based Micro Detonator Technology |
| Abstract: | Potential applications of micro-explosives range from munitions, anti-tamper devices and automotive airbags, to spacecraft components and fire suppression. By applying IC manufacturing methods to explosives devices, MEMS technology enables miniaturization, cost savings, and more intelligent systems. A less obvious feature of this technology is its reliability: ultra-pure materials and statistical process controls make IC techniques ideal for producing devices with consistent behavior. A key barrier to applying this new technology has been packaging. With few exceptions, MEMS require hermetic packaging. This is true of chemical systems such as explosives, as well as most other types of MEMS. In the special case of an explosive device, the processing temperature is also a consideration. Hermetic packages usually require temperatures in excess of 300§C during the sealing step, which exceeds the safe handling temperature of many explosives. To meet the packaging requirements of MEMS - i.e. reduced cost, temperature, and size - work was begun by the MicroAssembly team ten years ago, to develop a new type of hermetic package. In this approach, IC manufacturing techniques were employed in the package itself. Reduction of the seal contact area allowed application of extremely high pressures. This allowed a uniform seal to be accomplished at room temperature. |
| TANNER RESEARCH, INC.
2650 East Foothill Boulevard Pasadena, CA 91107 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 792-3000
Dr. Amish Desai Army 03-009 Awarded: 12JAN04 |
| Title: | Mass Fabrication of MEMS-based Micro Detonator Technology |
| Abstract: | Tanner Research proposes to leverage an ongoing four-year development effort, supporting ARDEC Warhead and Energetic Directorate in part, to implement low-cost micro- energetics devices for use as `nano-scale' initiators and detonators. Tanner's micro-energetics devices are currently 2.5mm and mass fabricated in silicon and glass with the energetics applied during a post-processing procedure. The complete detonator device requires about 50 æjoules at 3vDC for initiation. Tanner will develop two MEMS-based mass fabrication techniques to demonstrate processes for single-point and multi-point precision-application detonators. For example, high volume, high throughput manufacturing and loading is facilitated by fabricating the initiator/energetics on a cost effective substrate. Tanner contends that detonators can be mass-produced at approximately 20-cents per device with this fully integrated process. During Phase I, Tanner will also study the efficacy of applying a pioneering technique for mass loading of energetics into micro and nano-scale cavities, called READ. This technique, although more costly, will ensure multipoint initiators (MPI) have absolute simultaneity through an identical, controlled fabrication process. |
| VISTA CLARA
8849 47th Place W Mukilteo, WA 98275 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 353-8494
Dr. David Walsh Army 03-010 Awarded: 12JAN04 |
| Title: | Advanced Multi-Sensor Array System (AMAS) |
| Abstract: | In this Phase I SBIR, Vista Clara and Quantum Magnetics propose to demonstrate the feasibility of detecting and tracking military vehicles at very long ranges using a long-baseline array of magnetic and acoustic sensors. Our AMAS system concept is based on a novel multi-sensor acquisition device, and advanced magnetic/acoustic data fusion techniques. The Phase I work plan will establish the technical feasibility of this concept by accomplishing the following tasks: 1) assemble and test 4 copies of the prototype data acquisition device; 2) develop and evaluate magnetic noise mitigation algorithms and long-baseline magnetic/acoustic tracking algorithms; 3) demonstrate prototype hardware and tracking algorithm performance through Phase I field experiments at Picatinny Arsenal. The proposed work builds directly upon Vista Clara's recent advances in magnetic array processing and magnetic/acoustic sensor fusion techniques, and QM's unparalleled expertise in the design and fabrication of inexpensive magneto-resistive magnetometers. As a Phase I Option, Vista Clara and QM will design, assemble, test and deliver a universal magnetometer calibration instrument, and investigate the feasibility of magnetic/acoustic data fusion for ground vehicle classification. |
| SENSORMETRIX
4271 Corte Favor San Diego, CA 92130 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 442-2626
Dr. Anthony Starr Army 03-011 Awarded: 15JAN04 |
| Title: | Ruggedized Solar Charging System for Remote Operation |
| Abstract: | Unattended ground munitions, sensors, and communications systems delivered by air, missile, or rocket face formidable challenges. High deceleration impact during delivery places severe demands on the mechanical strength, while long term continuous operation in a wide variety of environments requires rugged components and a renewable energy source. Additionally, the unit must remain covert requiring low profile and low reflective surfaces. SensorMetrix proposes an impact hardened, environmentally rugged solar power unit for charging onboard secondary batteries. An innovative approach to handling unpredictable lighting situations, such as local solar obstructions, oblique solar incidence and indirect lighting, is proposed to optimize solar power collection. The unit is designed to be operational in a full range of environmental conditions. A smart power management system makes the unit expandable and adaptable to other applications, including multiple battery chemistries, while being compliant to standardized sensor/transducer network protocols. A focused impact testing program using large state-of-the-art gas guns will be undertaken to understand and control damage, and to insure impact resistant designs. |
| QUANTUM APPLIED SCIENCE & RESEARCH, INC.
5764 Pacific Center Blvd, Suite 107 San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 373-0232
Dr. Andrew Hibbs Army 03-012 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Remote Sensing of the Electro-Magnetic Potential of the Human Heart |
| Abstract: | In 2002, QUASAR demonstrated clear detection of the electric potential produced by the heart at a distance from the subject of order 1 m. Measured data and preliminary calculations show that detection at 5 m should be possible with existing sensor hardware, and that stand-offs greater than 10 m might be achievable with improved sensors presently in development. In Phase I we will develop an accurate electric (E-) field model of the heart/body system in order to project the potential produced by the heart out to arbitrary distances. We will also determine the effective system measurement noise floor to be expected when filtering and signal averaging are included. A breadboard prototype heart potential sensor system, comprised of a pair of existing QUASAR electric potential sensors about the size of a dime (10› coin), and a laptop computer for data acquisition and storage will be demonstrated in a shielded room, and in a normal outdoor urban environment. In Phase II a complete man-portable or gun mountable system that detects and locates personnel via the electric potential produced by the heart will be developed and demonstrated. |
| INFRAMAT CORP.
74 Batterson Park Road Farmington, CT 06032 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 678-7561
Dr. Danny Xiao Army 03-013 Awarded: 16DEC03 |
| Title: | Tungsten Carbide Nanoparticle Strengthened Tantalum Nanocoating for Engineered Gun Barrel Surfaces |
| Abstract: | US Army seeks innovative coating technologies for gun barrel surface applications to replace currently available highly toxic electroplated hard chrome. Cylindrical magnetron sputtered tantalum (Ta) coatings developed by US Army labs revealed some success in explosive bonding experiments, however, issues include cost and softness of the unalloyed Ta. Inframat proposes to fabricate a novel tungsten carbide (WC) nanoparticle strengthened Ta nanocoating via an environmentally benign co-electrodeposition process, where WC nanoparticles are co-deposited in a Ta matrix. The proposed program involves (1) preparing a colloidal bath composition containing WC nanoparticles in Ta solution, (2) depositing Ta-WC nanocoatings via IMC's proprietary co-electroplating process, and (3) evaluating coating properties. From our previous experience in electroplated WC/Co-Ni nanocoatings, we expect that the Ta-WC nanocoating will have significantly increased coating to substrate adhesion strength when compared with electroplated microsized hard chrome. The program is aimed to engineer the alloy hardness to a range compatible to hard chrome (850-1000 VHN). Since Ta and WC are high temperature materials, having melting points >3000oC, thermal mechanical fatigue and erosion wear properties are expected to outperform hard chrome coatings. The substitution of Ta with commercially available WC nanoparticles is expected to reduce cost of the alloyed Ta by 40%. |
| POWDERMET, INC.
24112 Rockwell Drive Euclid, OH 44117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(216) 404-0053
Mr. Andrew Sherman Army 03-013 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Medium Caliber Gun Barrel Bore Coatings |
| Abstract: | The proposed Phase I SBIR program will develop a metalorganic CVD coating process to apply refractory metal coatings to rifled gun barrel tubes. This environmentally friendly, conformal coating system is ideally suited to medium caliber weapon systems and offers a cost effective method to coat and potentially rebuild gun barrels. Specifically, alloys of tungsten, chromium, and rhenium will be applied as 10-60 mil coatings using MOCVD and supplied for vented bomb erosion testing. |
| LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC.
2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 557-5899
Dr. Daniel Klemmer Army 03-014 Awarded: 23DEC03 |
| Title: | Fiber Optic-Based Electronic Pointing Device for Indirect Fire Weapons |
| Abstract: | The overall objective for this project is to develop and advanced electronic pointing device (EPD) for indirect fire weapons, specifically the M224, M252, M120 and M121 series mortars and M119, M198 towed howitzers. During Phase I, Luna Innovations will evaluate novel approaches to fiber optic gyroscopes for use as an EPD. During Phase II, prototypes will be constructed and field tested. During Phase III, the system developed will be integrated into existing mortar and artillery systems. Experimental data and modeling of fiber optic gyroscope designs based on systems developed and produced by Luna Innovations show the potential for extremely high-accuracy and low drift measurements. Additionally, wireless technology will be implemented to enable improved battlefield awareness. While the focus of this project is indirect fire weapon pointing, a larger market exists in inertial navigation systems for weapons, aircraft, and the automotive industry. Luna Innovations will collaborate closely with the U.S. Army and other DOD branches to ensure that the EPD developed here will integrate seamlessly with existing and emerging systems. With over 13 years of experience in a wide range of fiber optic instrumentation systems, Luna Innovations is uniquely positioned to apply advanced fiber optic technology to address this opportunity. |
| ALAMEDA APPLIED SCIENCES CORP.
2235 Polvorosa Avenue, Suite 230 San Leandro, CA 94577 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 483-4156
Dr. Mahadevan Krishnan Army 03-015 Awarded: 05JAN04 |
| Title: | Advanced Neutron Source for Radiography & Tomography |
| Abstract: | Alameda Applied Sciences Corporation proposes to design in Phase I a pulsed neutron source based on dense plasma focus (DPF) technology that is practical for thermal neutron radiography. A fully operational source will be fabricated in Phase II. The neutron production/pulse by available sources and the resultant thermal flux on target are estimated to be about five orders of magnitude below what is required for radiography at practical source-to-sample distances. This proposal is to demonstrate that we can reduce the gap between requirement and present capability by several orders of magnitude, by exploiting the strong (I10) scaling of neutron output with pulsed DPF current in the range 300-500 kA. Since the neutron yield of DT is about 100 times that of DD, a practical source for thermal neutron radiography would be within reach, if not through the DD reaction, then through the DT reaction. We envisage a 1.5 m3 DPF source that can be carried around on a flat-bed truck and operates with two different moderators: a thermal neutron source to fit the Army's radiography needs and a ~250 keV homeland security source, for high sensitivity detection of fissile materials in improvised targets that use larger quantities of masking materials. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71, 16 Great Hollow Road Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. Robert Kline-Schoder Army 03-016 Awarded: 13JAN04 |
| Title: | Real-Time Robotic Control System for Titanium Gas Metal Arc Welding |
| Abstract: | The Army is working to satisfy the demands of a future force that will be organized, manned, equipped, and trained to be strategically responsive, deployable, agile, versatile, lethal, survivable, and sustainable. Titanium addresses the Army's need for high strength-to-weight characteristics and can meet the performance and transportability requirements of lightweight systems. Welding and joining technologies enable improved manufactured components by reducing the weight, production time, and cost of jointing parts. Improved welding technology increases product lifetimes and makes possible the fabrication of large structures. Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) has the potential to improve the quality, speed, and penetration depth of titanium welds significantly, without increasing the cost per part. However, this result can only be achieved if proper shielding is provided and proper weld parameters selected. The goal of this project is to develop a Real-Time Robotic Control System for Titanium GMAW for current and future Army and commercial applications. Our real-time weld control system will integrate: (1) feedback sensors that measure weld characteristics; (2) a method of adjusting the welding parameters; and (3) real-time adaptive control algorithms to make critical changes to the weld parameters during welding to achieve high-quality welds. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Mr. Paul Rolincik Army 03-016 Awarded: 13JAN04 |
| Title: | Real - Time Robotic Titanium Welding (1000-311) |
| Abstract: | Triton Systems, Inc. proposes to develop a robotic gas metal arc welding (GMAW) capability using a real-time integrated titanium welding monitoring and control (Ti-WMAC) system, which will use images in both visible and infrared spectra to sense the arc length and weld pool (respectively) generated in the welding process. GMAW is commonly employed for structural steel and aluminum applications, but the state of the art for this technology in titanium is in its infancy, certainly where real-time quality monitoring and control in a robotic welding system is concerned. Real-time data on weld pool and arc column length parameters coupled with nominal welding parameters, such as current and torch speed, will allow the robotic system to monitor the welding process and make critical modifications to continually maximize weld quality. Triton's innovative Ti-WMAC system, will enable the Army to replace their current steel parts with lighter fabricated titanium parts. Lighter-weight structural components are critical to the Future Combat System (FCS) initiative applications, such as lightweight howitzers and machine guns. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
6 New England Executive Park Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 284-8465
Dr. Larry Roszman Army 03-017 Awarded: 19DEC03 |
| Title: | Ovates: Predictive Agents for Homeland Defense |
| Abstract: | ALPHATECH proposes to design and develop an approach to the identification and prediction of events from the semi-automated fusion and evaluation of information from multiple disparate data sources. The core of this proposal is the semi-automatic, ad hoc, and intelligent assembly of fragments of Bayesian networks to form adaptive belief networks that contain hypotheses about current and future events. The occurrence of events recorded by the data sources initiate the assembly of the belief networks, and additional data resident in the data sources are used by Ovates to evaluate the hypotheses and prune those with low likelihood of occurrence until only the most likely hypotheses about future events remain. The Ovates Bayesian blackboard, which supports the inferential predictive reasoning, is based on the classic blackboard architecture, extended for Bayesian inferential computations, agent-oriented knowledge sources, and a multi-agent architecture that provides access to the data sources. Problem and data source descriptions are based on semantics encoded in ontologies based on the DARPA Agent Markup Language (DAML) and the Ontology Web Language (OWL). Ovates is intended to predict the potential occurrence of terrorist threats within a community based upon local data sources such as emergency room, police, and first responder reports, traffic and police surveillance, and harbor activity reports. |
| BRANDES ASSOC., INC.
1417 Crestline Drive Santa Barbara, CA 93105 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(217) 529-8235
Mr. Don Griffin Army 03-017 Awarded: 16DEC03 |
| Title: | Intelligent Agent Technologies for Homeland Defense |
| Abstract: | This effort proposes a solution for Intelligent Homeland Defense Software Agents (IHDSA) that will autonomously retrieve, filter, fuse, and make predictions using relevant Homeland Defense data. The suite of intelligent software processes will gather data from distributed heterogeneous networks, extract relationships between the data, display and forward the relevant product, and then execute predictive analysis to extrapolate the relationships among data and environments to formulate situation and threat assessments. Intelligent software retrieval processes (`agents`) will retrieve relevant data from heterogeneous sources and translate it into a common email-like format. The retrieval `agent` will subscribe or poll the external network of systems for relevant information, filter the results, and then apply further processing and routing to them. The software `agents` will incorporate necessary processes to access, retrieve, and deliver data from each network. The accumulated data may then be processed in a machine-to-machine (M2M) interface without having to await manual screening and association. Returned data will be displayed in an intuitive interface depicting the current operational environment and its associations with the incoming data. A software model for predictive analysis will explore the relationships between events, topics, individuals, locations and time to express a situation or threat assessment. |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC.
625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Dr. Subrata Das Army 03-017 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Agent-based Terrorist Attack Prediction (ATAP) |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a prototype for Agent-based Terrorist Attack Prediction (ATAP) for Homeland Defense. ATAP will employ mobile agents to retrieve on demand relevant data distributed across various services, multi-national forces, and intelligence agencies, while maintaining the autonomy of individual data sources. ATAP will use ontology-based data modeling for integrating heterogeneous, distributed data sources. ATAP will incorporate Bayesian Belief Network (BN) technology for building models representing interrelationships among various domain concepts such as terrorist activities and observable events, thus allowing models to predict potential attacks based on those observable events. Finally, ATAP will incorporate a simulation environment supporting speculative analysis and exploration of model-generated hypotheses, via realistic simulated terrorist attack events that are based on input such as the attack location, environmental factors, social networks, etc. The Phase I effort will focus primarily on bioterrorism, and ATAP will help predict both bio-attacks and early detection of disease outbreaks due to such attacks. We intend to rapidly develop a prototype based on: 1) our in-house agent-based information retrieval engine ACQUIRE; 2) a domain ontology encoded with Prot‚g‚ 2000 from Stanford; 3) our in-house BN engine BNET 2000; and 4) Carnegie Mellon's simulation environment BioWar. |
| CHI SYSTEMS, INC.
1035 Virginia Drive, Suite 300 Fort Washington, PA 19034 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 542-1400
Dr. James Eilbert Army 03-017 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Threat Assessment and Prediction System (TAPS) |
| Abstract: | The intelligence community as a whole has suffered from information overload due to a glut of information and a dearth of analysis. With the restructuring of the intelligence community, and the redirection of information flow to widen dissemination, the amount of information that must be analyzed is increasing rapidly. Analysts in support of Homeland Security must mine not just the usual information sources such as the FBI, CIA, NSA, and State Department, but the ever increasing number of new and important sources like the Immigration and Naturalization Service, all levels of law enforcement agencies, and various transportation and communications sources. Even with better training in detecting patterns and indicators across the expanding universe of information and a greater depth of information management experience, analyst will still require new and innovative, user friendly, data mining, and pattern recognition analytic tools to effectively and efficiently sort through and analyze this enormous volume of data. CHI Systems has developed a software infrastructure from current project efforts for a system that uses intelligent agents to assist in processing intelligence data and predicting threats for Homeland Defense. This infrastructure will serve as the basis of the proposed Threat Assessment and Prediction System (TAPS). |
| PROTEUS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
25 Gassaway Lane, Suite 201 Edgewater, MD 21037 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 798-0101
Dr. Steven Bradtke Army 03-017 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Collaborative Peer-to-Peer Approach to Multi-Source Threat Assessment and Prediction |
| Abstract: | The proposed innovation, entitled CiTAPS (Collaborative Intelligent Threat Assessment & Prediction System) combines collaborative software agents, intelligent machine and peer-to-peer technologies to support extensible, interoperable, and fully automated real time indications and warning extraction and dissemination. It provides users with on-demand multi-source data retrieval and fusion, overt threat notification for terrorist activities, and covert threat detection and notification through remote data source monitoring and analysis. Using multiple intelligent software agents deployed to a variety of data sources within a specific domain, CiTAPS is capable of retrieving, fusing, analyzing, and extracting anomalies from multiple sources of heterogeneous data for integration into a Common Relevant Operational Picture (CROP). These agents are able to collaborate within their own domain using standards-based communications for agent frameworks. Our team's approach is to build upon previous research findings on peer-to-peer technologies, leverage those against the Homeland Defense's Intelligent Agent problem, and create a formal standards-based architectural design and an interactive visualization tool outlining the major concepts of the proposed system. |
| TOYON RESEARCH CORP.
Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 968-6787
Mr. Nabil Alshurafa Army 03-017 Awarded: 05JAN04 |
| Title: | Intelligent Agent Technologies for Homeland Defense |
| Abstract: | In future military operations, intelligence analysts will have access to unprecedented quantities of surveillance data. Toyon proposes to develop an architecture that employs "intelligent software agents" to reduce information overload for the operator by automating many of the intelligence processes. This architecture will also be robust with respect to changing network conditions. The architecture consists of three categories of intelligent software agents: User-Interface Agents, Task Agents, and Information Agents. The User-Interface Agents translate user commands into requests for the Task and Information Agents. The Task Agents automate many intelligence-analyst tasks by using data synthesis algorithms. The Information Agents respond to requests for data by searching the data sources at their network location, and fusing the accumulated information. The intelligent agent architecture will be developed using a simulated intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance sensor network. Toyon will demonstrate the system architecture using various formats of data sources produced by simulations which enable tracking with ground-moving-target-indicator (GMTI) radar, track-level fusion between multiple track databases, and multi-sensor data fusion. At the conclusion of Phase I, Toyon will demonstrate the system architecture using a simplified user interface and a small set of rules to govern the behavior of the Task Agents. |
| APPLIED SCIENCE INNOVATIONS, INC.
307 Ridgewood Cir. Albany, NY 12203 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 542-6922
Dr. Mikhail Gutin Army 03-018 Awarded: 18DEC03 |
| Title: | Integrated High Resolution Thermal Imager with Small Optics |
| Abstract: | Intelligent networks of distributed, unattended sensors of many modalities serve for increased situational awareness in all echelons of the Army. Applied Science Innovations (ASI) proposes Automated Panoramic Thermal Imaging Sensor (APTIS) with 360ø field of view optics to provide instantaneous full horizon detection, location and tracking of multiple targets. These functions of the integrated sensor will be enabled and enhanced by the new high-resolution panoramic imager. In existing panoramic cameras, the inherent aberrations of the reflector result in smaller effective apertures and larger optics. New optical designs with aberration correction are proposed as part of the Phase I development. The proposed approach will combine the new, low-cost panoramic optics with the implementation of algorithms for target detection, location, and tracking, as well as power management and wakeup capability. GPS navigation and interface for communication with a distributed network of intelligent sensors will be provided. Phase I project will prove the feasibility of the concept, while Phase II will produce a viable, first generation prototype system. In Phase III, commercial applications of APTIS will serve the needs of the Army and other branches of the Armed Services, as well as civilian applications such as security and law enforcement. |
| JDLL, INC.
7302 S. 300 W. #305 Midvale, UT 84047 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 568-3600
Dr. James Youngberg Army 03-019 Awarded: 05JAN04 |
| Title: | Artifact Reduced Tomographic Algorithms |
| Abstract: | JDLL will experimentally rank the four most troublesome causes of artifacts in 2D and 3D industrial computed tomography (CT), including imprecise geometry, beam-hardening, scatter, and partial volume effect. We will then demonstrate artifact reduction algorithms corresponding to the most critical. We propose six promising candidate algorithms. Four of these are original. We also propose two promising algorithms developed for medical CT but not yet applied to industrial CT. In Phase I we will evaluate and deliver demonstrations of the most promising algorithms. In Phase II we will complete all demonstrations and deliver a prototype reduced-artifact CT reconstructor. This reconstructor, which incorporates each successful algorithm, will be productized for two markets: new turnkey CT systems and retrofitting of existing JDLL systems. With over 100 man-years of CT experience, members of the JDLL team have designed and built production industrial CT systems and implemented hardware and software solutions for yielding exactly the data required at the expense of low-priority data. Our most successful programs have always been by involving likely end-users done from the get-go: United Technologies and Alliant Techsystems, who already possess JDLL's production UCT and HECT2 systems, have already expressed enthusiasm for this proposal's Phase III. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4640
Dr. Aniruddha Weling Army 03-020 Awarded: 07JAN04 |
| Title: | Innovative 3D Microbolometer Arrays for Hyperspectral Infrared Imaging |
| Abstract: | Although uncooled infrared (IR) imaging technology has made remarkable progress in the last two decades, a major limitation of 2-D IR focal plane arrays is the lack of real-time spectral discrimination. Multi-spectral detection capabilities are highly desirable for advanced IR imaging systems and can be especially beneficial for early threat warning applications in missile defense since they enable rapid, efficient and multi-dimensional scene interpretation. Systems that gather data in multiple IR spectral bands in real time can discriminate both absolute temperature and unique spectral signatures of objects in the scene. Furthermore, they can effectively reject spurious information, such as background clutter and sun glint from an IR image, leaving only the objects of interest for rapid threat identification. Foster-Miller proposes to design and develop an innovative 3-D micromachined array of bolometric detectors using standard semiconductor micro-fabrication technology capable of hyperspectral imaging in the mid-IR region. The 3-D microbolometer structure will measure simultaneously the entire hyperspectral data cube, i.e., the intensity of the infrared energy in narrow spectral bands for each picture element in the scene. The proposed effort targets its application to missile seeker IR optics where benefits in space, weight and complexity will have a significant impact. (P-030678) |
| DE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3620 Horizon Drive King of Prussia, PA 19406 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 270-9700
Dr. William Flis Army 03-021 Awarded: 13JAN04 |
| Title: | Automatic Optimization of Warhead Performance Measures |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop an improved system for optimizing the design of explosive warheads. Current warhead optimization technique will be advanced on several fronts. The optimization strategy will be modified to take advantage of an abundance of computer power: in each optimization step, "extra" simultaneous warhead-performance computations will be performed to: 1) explore a larger domain of the design space; 2) reduce the effects of numerical noise; and 3) compute higher-order derivatives of the objective function. This will allow more rapid achievement of design goals. For each type of warhead, we will establish a set of intermediate warhead-performance quality measures that are specific to that warhead's ultimate performance goals; special post-processing software will be developed to evaluate these objective functions from hydrocode output. This will ensure that an optimization successfully results in optimal performance of the warhead against its intended targets. |
| BROOKHAVEN TECHNOLOGY GROUP, INC.
12-12 Technology Drive Setauket, NY 11733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(631) 941-9177
Dr. Marina Murzina Army 03-022 Awarded: 19DEC03 |
| Title: | HyperSpectral Data Cube Processor |
| Abstract: | We propose to implement a Hyperspectral Cube Processor by prototyping it on a set of innovative proprietary FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) boards which will lead to a highly compact, maximally parallel design. The proven design will be transferred to ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits) in the Phase II program. Along with compactness and parallelization, we will be working toward maximal scalability e.g. the ability to expand for higher data traffic and for more complex operations by just adding more of similar modules, without major reorganization. In the FPGA prototype, we will use a mesh architecture (i.e. with all chips or boards inter-connected in a complete graph) with a serial, 10 Giga-bit/sec mesh backplane. The processor will employ our proprietary technology of massively parallel algorithms in hardware programming. The ultimate goal of the design is to distribute the Hyperspectral Image Processing between the inter-connected ASICs of the Processor in the most efficient way, thus providing the most compact device given the data traffic volume. |
| COHERENT LOGIX, INC.
101 West 6th Street, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 479-7732
Mr. Michael Doerr Army 03-022 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Hyperspectral Image Processing Platform (HIPP) |
| Abstract: | Coherent Logix, Incorporated proposes to develop a Hyperspectral Image Processing Platform (HIPP) that will be able process 30 hyperspectral cubes per second, where a hypercube is approximately 100 MegaByte (MB) in size. The platform will be reprogrammable and dynamically reconfigurable to support static and dynamic application requirements and support lifetime field upgrades. Additionally, the HIPP will based on a "hardware under software control" architecture that provides an open [hardware and software] architecture supporting integration for embedded system applications. This computation intensive HIPP system will be enabled by Coherent Logix's HyperX processor technology currently supported by U.S. Army TACOM-ARDEC and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. The HyperX technology is a revolutionary breakthrough in signal processor design that provides more than ten times the processing capability at less than one thirtieth the power of current state-of-the-art digital signal processors that result in critical weight, size, and power reductions. In the Phase I program, Coherent Logix will work with the Government to further define the HIPP requirements and identify optimizations off the base HyperX design that will facilitate more efficient hyperspectral image processing. In Phase II, Coherent Logix will develop a prototype HIPP system. |
| APTIMA, INC.
12 Gill Street, Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(778) 496-2419
Dr. Kathleen Hess Army 03-023 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Measurement of Career Leadership Performance |
| Abstract: | In June of 2000, as part of the Army's Transformation Campaign Plan, the Chief of Staff, Army, (CSA) chartered a panel of both military and civilian experts to look at training and leader development within the Army. This panel of experts surveyed over ten thousand soldiers in the field; it concluded that current Army training and development programs do not successfully develop the self-aware and adaptive leaders necessary to execute the full spectrum operations of the Objective Force. We propose to design a web-based tool that will lay out a "map" of the career path that will produce the leaders needed for tomorrow's Army. The Leadership Measurement and Assessment Program (Leadership-MAP) will link measurable, validated leadership competencies to the career experiences (training, assignments, activities, accomplishments) that are associated with the acquisition of those competencies. At the end of Phase I, we will develop a proof-of-concept for the Leadership-MAP tool, with specifications for how the final tool will be developed in Phase II. The Leadership-MAP will provide guidance to individuals who are developing their leadership skills, to Army personnel managers and commanders providing guidance to developing leaders, and to the institutions responsible for creating opportunities for leadership training. |
| KNOWLEDGE ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC.
4940 Pearl East Circle, Suite 200 Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 545-9092
Dr. Lynn Streeter Army 03-024 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Question Asking and Answering for ADL |
| Abstract: | There is a pressing need for networked intelligent Question Asking and Answering (QAA) systems capable of interacting with soldiers and DoD civilians anywhere/anytime. These users may have training needs, on-the-job questions, or be deployed in the field. While SMEs could answer many questions, they are often unavailable, and if available, not able to respond instantly. Fortunately, QAA systems are maturing. Recent advances in automatic text understanding (Latent Semantic Analysis) coupled with deeper computational linguistic analyses, such as understanding how language is used to form requests or questions (speech acts) and relating speech acts to responses users are seeking, may allow us to semi automatically construct mature QAA systems whose performance is indistinguishable from knowledgeable human intermediaries. In Phase I we propose constructing a SCORM conformant QAA system that uses LSA as a cornerstone, augmented with paragraph retrieval, relevance feedback, and automated summaries. We add to this syntactic parsing and speech act classification to answer queries about material in distributed learning courseware and other DoD information repositories. While LSA tools give broad brush answers, for finding text containing the answer, the other computational linguistic tools will be used to construct more refined answers for the user. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
951 Mariner''''s Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 643-1444
Dr. Eric Domeshek Army 03-024 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Question Accumulation and Response Tool for Education and Training |
| Abstract: | Students in distance learning classes have at least as much need to ask questions of their instructors as students in more conventional settings. However, distance instructors are not always available when students need help. Across a course and its repeat offerings, many questions recur frequently. This provides possible leverage for incrementally constructing custom question-answering systems for particular distance learning courses, as a way of making better use of available instructor time. Stottler Henke proposes to apply its extensive experience with intelligent instructional systems, language and knowledge processing, plus its evolving in-house tool-base to build an innovative tool to lower the cost of creating, administering, and maintaining a high precision question-answering system for instructional applications. In this Phase I project, we will (1) explore major technical challenges in areas such as semi-automated learning of questions and answers, and incremental refinement of questions and answers through dialog, (2) design an overall system that uses a diverse set of language processing and machine learning techniques to support storage, retrieval, and construction of accurate question answers, and (3) build a limited proof-of-concept prototype that illustrates the utility of our proposed approach to constructing a QUestion Accumlation and Response Tool for Education and Training (QuARTET). |
| THE WEXFORD GROUP INTERNATIONAL, INC.
8381 Old Courthouse Road, Suite 300 Vienna, VA 22182 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(706) 256-0020
Mr. Henry Kinnison Army 03-025 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Enhancing Warrior Ethos in Initial Entry Soldiers |
| Abstract: | Warrior Ethos is an important concept particularly for the Armed Forces. Senior leaders within the Armed Forces are seeking ways to inculcate the Warrior Ethos into each soldier, sailor, marine and airman. The Warrior Ethos SBIR project is targeted to initial entry soldiers but does have applicability across all Armed Forces. As the Objective Force exploits advances in information technology, the battlefield will grow more dispersed and the attributes of Warrior Ethos will become even more important for leaders and soldiers. General Richard B. Myers, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, defines the baseline attributes of Warrior Ethos as cohesion, commitment, self sacrifice, courage and leadership (Myers, 2002). As research provides a better understanding of these attributes, it will become possible to examine the feasibility of developing programs to train and sustain Warrior Ethos by providing an environment in which to foster its development.] Our Phase I objectives are as described: Objective 1: Review and analysis of warrior ethos. Perform a literature review and discussions with soldiers. Perform analysis of several types of soldiers including combat arms, combat support and combat service support across several type units. Objective 2: Identify training techniques, systems, vignettes and metrics. Explore available training techniques and systems including simulations and distance training to determine if and how warrior ethos attributes can be imparted on soldiers through self-study and pre-commission. Develop training vignettes that are exemplars of the attributes of warrior ethos to use in various training programs tailored to the target audiences of soldiers in initial entry training, soldiers in units, non-commissioned officers and officers. Propose metrics by which progress can be measured. Objective 3: Feasible plan for development of product in Phase II. A plan will be produced for development of a warrior ethos training package which is technically feasible and commercially viable. Objective 4 (option): Concept Demonstration. The concept demonstration will show the art of the possible in a way that is as tangible and operationally relevant as possible. It will increase the quality of our collaboration and increase confidence about our Phase II plan. |
| WILFRED BAKER ENGINEERING, INC.
3330 Oakwell Court, Suite 100 San Antonio, TX 78218 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(210) 824-5960
Mr. Adrian Pierorazio Army 03-026 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Ascertaining Bio-Mechanical Response of Armor Materials |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes a project to develop an integrated system to measure the energy and impulse transferred through a piece of body armor material subjected to ballistic and non-ballistic loads. The proposed system is independent of the target and body armor material and can be applied to any combination of materials deemed relevant in the future. As part of this effort, a signal conditioning and data acquisition system will be developed that will report pressure, impulse, displacement, and energy transferred to the target as a function of both time and location. In Phase I, a system will be designed, physically modeled, and tested to demonstrate the operation of the system under dynamic loading. The initial use for this system will be to test body armor systems and, using a biomechanical model currently under development, predict the injuries likely to be sustained by the wearer under a variety of attack scenarios. The final system will be commercialized for application to protective garment testing of all kinds including bulletproof vests and sports equipment, testing the response of the human body to impacts for safety and forensic projects, and characterizing the response of malleable materials to static or dynamic loads. |
| ROD MILLEN SPECIAL VEHICLES
7575 Reynolds Circle Huntington Beach, CA 92647 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 594-2229
Dr. Eric Anderfaas Army 03-027 Awarded: 23DEC03 |
| Title: | Actively Controlled Rotary Actuator For Vehicle Suspensions |
| Abstract: | For a new paradigm in mobility, future military ground vehicles may look to animals for the added benefits of walking or crawling motion to supplement advanced wheel drive systems. Such hybrid mobility approaches show promise towards overcoming tradeoffs associated with a dedicated wheel or track-based system. A critical requirement for wheel placement in a walking or crawling motion the elimination of packaging and performance constraints imposed by the use of strut-type suspension. RMSV's rotary actuator package represents an innovative approach to replacing a passive, semi-active, or fully active linear suspension used in a leading or trailing arm configuration. The result is an actuator system that combines the functions of a spring and an active damper, allowing efficient, wide bandwidth operation over both traditional and previously impassable terrain. Our concept supports high force, high speed suspension articulation in an extremely compact package that supports the benefits of new technologies such as in-hub motors. RMSV's concept leverages the existing hybrid-electric power system of future tactical vehicles to achieve compact size, light weight and high efficiency unattainable with a hydraulic or pneumatic-based solution. |
| ALTEX TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
650 Nuttman Road, Suite 114 Santa Clara, CA 95054 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 982-2303
Dr. Mehdi Namazian Army 03-028 Awarded: 04DEC03 |
| Title: | Compact and Efficient Logistic Fuel (CELF) Reformer |
| Abstract: | To effectively use fuel cells in military and commercial applications, diesel fuel and JP-8 need to be reformed in a compact, reliable and highly efficient reformer. Altex Technologies Corporation (Altex) and Pennsylvania State University (PSU) have identified the Compact and Efficient Logistic Fuel (CELF) Reformer that overcomes the fuel sulfur and carbon formation tendencies of logistic fuels and transforms them into a reformate suitable for SOFCs. This is achieved with a reformer that is projected to have 80-90% efficiency. The base technology for this reformer is being developed under DARPA support for a 20 watts SOFC operating on JP-8. Under the proposed Phase I program, the technology will be scaled up to a 2 KW system and the components that require testing with diesel fuel will be tested to show the feasibility of CELF to meet the DoD and the commercial market goals. This system design and testing and performance and cost evaluations will be the basis for the Phase II effort to fabricate, demonstrate and deliver a CELF/SOFC prototype system. |
| ASPEN PRODUCTS GROUP, INC.
186 CEDAR HILL STREET MARLBOROUGH, MA 01752 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 481-5058
Dr. Zhijiang Li Army 03-028 Awarded: 18NOV03 |
| Title: | Compact Fuel Processor for 2 kW Solid Oxide Fuel Cell |
| Abstract: | The U.S. Army has the need for small and efficient fuel cell power generation systems (0.5-2 kW) that can operate on diesel and logistics fuels. The advantages of employing these fuels for "in-the-field" power generation in military deployment include high energy density and wide availability. However, one problem with these fuels is that they all contain high concentration sulfur, which is extremely poisoning to most reforming catalysts and fuel cell anodes currently available. Presently, efficient, compact, and reliable fuel processors that are capable of converting diesel and logistics fuels to contaminant-free reformate are not commercially available. The objective of the proposed program is to develop an efficient, compact, and robust fuel processor to reform diesel into contaminant-free H2 and CO, as the fuel for SOFC. The proposed fuel processor will consist of a sulfur-tolerant partial oxidation reformer and a post-reforming desulfurizer as its key components. In Phase I, Aspen will prepare and evaluate a series of candidate materials to identify a highly active, coke- and sulfur-tolerant partial oxidation catalyst and a regenerable sorbent for H2S removal. Preliminary diesel reforming tests in an integrated fuel processor will also be carried out to demonstrate the proposed concept and identify critical technical issues that would need to be addressed in Phase II for prototype fuel processor construction and demonstration. |
| MESOSCOPIC DEVICES, LLC
510 Compton Street, Suite 106 Broomfield, CO 80020 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 466-6968
Dr. Joseph Poshusta Army 03-028 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Ultra-compact steam reforming reactor for SOFC |
| Abstract: | The military is aggressively pursuing fuel cells for forward deployed logistic fuel powered generators. Partial oxidation and steam reforming technologies have not been able to provide systems that are both compact and efficient, however. A fundamentally new reactor geometry under development by Mesoscopic Devices promises to allow compact, fast response, and efficient steam reforming of logistic fuels. The new reactor achieves highly effective heat transfer and catalytic conversion in an extremely compact and simple design. In this Phase I program, Mesoscopic Devices will build the reactor and demonstrate steam reforming of logistic fuels. Detailed system-level modeling will show that the new steam reformer used in a solid oxide fuel cell system with integrated water recovery will have a higher energy density that other generators and will not require an external source of water for steam reforming. |
| MICROCOATING TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
5315 Peachtree Industrial Blvd. Atlanta, GA 30341 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(678) 287-2486
Dr. Richard Breitkopf Army 03-028 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Hydrogen Generation and Storage for Fuel Cell Systems |
| Abstract: | The aim is to develop new/improved nano-materials to remove sulfur containing compounds in reformate gas for use with hydrogen/proton exchange membrane (PEM) or solid oxide fuel cell systems. Small and efficient hydrogen/PEM or solid oxide fuel cell systems are in development to meet the power needs for vehicle-borne battery chargers, vehicle silent watch and field headquarters. The power range of interest is approximately 500 to 2000 Watts. The main difficulty that remains to be overcome for such applications is the development of compact fuel reformers that produce hydrogen gas on demand. Reformate purity is often an issue and processed fuels routinely contain refractory sulfur compounds such as thiophenes and alkyl substituted thiophenes. We propose here to use nano-adsorbents/oxidizers for reformate fuel desulfurization in fuel cell application with a novel carbon and ceramic supported materials structure that maximizes active material surface area and minimizes agglomeration that can occur over high temperature sorption and regeneration cycles. The optimum materials composition and nanostructure will be indentified and further process optimization and incorporation into 0.1-2 kW fuel cell systems will pave the way for future work. |
| PRECISION COMBUSTION, INC.
410 Sackett Point Road North Haven, CT 06473 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 287-3700
Dr. Maxim Lyubovsky Army 03-028 Awarded: 07NOV03 |
| Title: | Logistic Fuel Micro-Reformer |
| Abstract: | Precision Combustion, Inc. (PCI) proposes to develop a compact catalytic reactor based on the proprietary Microlithr catalytic substrate technology for autothermal reforming (ATR) of JP-8 and diesel fuel at the 0.5 - 2 kWe scale. The size of the catalytic reactor is expected to be about 6 in3 (2 D-cell batteries) and weigh < 100 grams. The reformate mixture exiting the reactor will have temperature of about 700 C such that it can be directly feed into a downstream SOFC resulting in a compact and efficient power system. The operating conditions for the ATR reactor operation will be optimized to provide complete conversion of the fuel with thermal efficiency above 70%. The amount of steam required by the ATR will be minimized to operate on water recycled from the downstream SOFC. In this program the ATR reactor performance will be demonstrated and the requirements for the integrated system will be analyzed. |
| INNOVATIVE WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1047 Vista Park Drive, Suite A Forest, VA 24551 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(434) 316-5230
Mr. Jim Silverstrim Army 03-029 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | Innovative Methods for Geolocation and Communication with Ultra-Wideband Mobile Radio Networks |
| Abstract: | Geolocation capability is a critical component of wireless systems for public safety, military, and homeland security. Traditional geolocation systems based on GPS and narrowband modulations work well in areas where a direct line of sight (DLOS) path from multiple sources exist. However, these systems become unreliabile for indoor and urban environments that are characterized by low signal level and severe multipath conditions. This inhibits the ability to accurately detect the time of arrival (TOA) of the DLOS path between transceivers. For TOA measurements, an error in the detection of the DLOS path results in error of the position estimate. These position errors prevent traditional geolocation systems from achieving the location accuracy and system reliability required for military and homeland security applications. Innovative Wireless Technologies (IWT) is proposing an ultra-wideband (UWB) system. The project will combine IWT's existing knowledge in ad-hoc UWB communications networks and hardware prototyping with industry leading research in indoor positioning to develop innovative geolocation algorithms that take advantage of the multipath-resistant characteristics of pulse-based UWB. System requirements and architecture will be evaluated and innovative geolocation algorithms developed. Tradeoffs between the number of nodes in a network and location accuracy will be determined through propagation channel measurement and characterization. |
| MULTISPECTRAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
20300 Century Blvd. Germantown, MD 20874 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 528-1745
Dr. Lester Foster Army 03-029 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Innovative Methods for Geolocation and Communication with Ultra-Wideband Mobile Radio Networks |
| Abstract: | Multispectral Solutions, Inc. (MSSI) proposes to develop a frequency agile Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Radio Frequency (RF) front end for an integrated geolocation and communication network. UWB receivers have extremely wideband RF front ends that are vulnerable in hostile electromagnetic threat environments. A frequency agile UWB RF front end will enhance the Low Probability of Interception and Detection (LPI/D) and anti-jam (A/J) capabilities of advanced communications networks. MSSI will develop requirements and architectures based upon approved scenarios and will examine different frequency agile filter requirements and will develop an appropriate design. The design will consider several potential architectures and the front end will ultimately be integrated into MSSI's geolocation and communication network system. MSSI will demonstrate the ability to operate a dual function simultaneous digital ranging and communication device. The device will provide inter-node ranging while broadcasting voice packets over the same physical layer. Based upon the results of the systems study, and demonstration, MSSI will summarize the results with in a final report. Under the Phase I option and Phase II the resulting hardware will be transitioned into field demonstrable systems. |
| SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING CORP.(SPEC)
101 West Sixth Street, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 479-7732
Dr. William Hallidy Army 03-030 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | WIDE BAND HIGH FIDELITY DRFM (HIFID) |
| Abstract: | SPEC will develop a Wide Band High Fidelity Digital RF Memory designated the HiFiD. HiFiD supports generation of multiple high fidelity simulated targets for long range radar sensors and is innovative for future airborne target simulator applications. System provides high fidelity generation of multiple simultaneously delayed replicas of arbitrarily complex radar waveforms with very large instantaneous bandwidths (1-2 GHz). HiFiD will have 4 channels expandable to 16, each having an independently dynamic time delay and Doppler frequency offset. SPEC will develop the HiFiD prototype design favoring proven commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technologies to minimize technical risk and achieve cost savings. Using existing SPEC DRFM technology, as a baseline, ensures cost effective, reduced risk HiFiD development. HiFiD development program uses existing process and analysis protocols to identify system components, develop technical specifications, and model/predict performance of the system identifying constraints/critical components. Existing computer/laboratory models support theoretical investigations to assess feasibility and practicality of the proposed system design. Leveraging existing DRFM technology significantly reduces HiFiD development technical risk and cost. Although this proposal leverages other DRFM technology, many differences in details of the HiFiD system as bandwidth, number of channels, maximum delay time, Doppler resolution and attenuation require significant innovation. |
| APTIMA, INC.
12 Gill Street, Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(202) 842-1548
Dr. Michael Paley Army 03-031 Awarded: 08DEC03 |
| Title: | Advancing the Objective Force Through Mulitnational Coalitions and Interagency Task Forces |
| Abstract: | The proposed effort aims to develop a system that is responsive to the military's needs to develop high performing multinational teams. The goal of the project is to develop a theoretically grounded, computer-based, multination team preparation system. We envision four interrelated components forming the basis of a multinational coalition team preparation system. This system will support both individual and team training methods through use of asynchronous (individual) and synchronous (team) interaction modes. Multicultural and multinational team familiarization will be based on current team theory and is a method to educate team members about the nature of multination teamwork. A warfighting-peacekeeping continuum awareness section will apply lessons learned from recent military activity and the project team's own experiences in Bosnia to prepare soldiers for the information, resources, situations, and decisions they will face and develop appropriate adaptation mechanisms. Teamwork skill development will enhance individuals' ability to perform in a team setting. Finally, collaborative scenario based team preparation is a team-in-the-loop environment that will develop high performance multinational coalition teams. In Phase II, we will operationalize system requirements and develop a system to enhance multinational team performance in military and commercial environments. |
| MERIDIAN RESOURCES ASSOC.
1741 Buchanan Street San Francisco, CA 94115 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 712-0837
Dr. Ernest Gundling Army 03-031 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Increasing the Effectiveness of Multinational Peacekeeping Teams through Web-Based Assessment Technology |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes an innovative online set of tools that the U.S. Army can utilize in its effort to understand how cultural differences impact the effectiveness of its multinational peacekeeping teams. In this proposal Meridian Resources Associates proposes to assist the U.S. Army in leveraging the diversity of its multinational peacekeeping teams around the world through the use of two research-based web assessment tools. Meridian's approach in Phase I would be to adapt our Global Teams Online assessment tool to the unique aspects of the U.S. Army teams. This would be accomplished through the implementation of the existing survey with a limited number of teams and a series of interviews with experienced peacekeepers from a wide range of countries. In addition, Meridian would survey a broader set of global team members using an online Self-Assessment Profile. This tool is designed to measure differences in work style preferences between people from different countries. The data collected here will help raise awareness regarding cultural differences and prepare team leaders and members working on multinational teams in the future. |
| FIBER MATERIALS, INC.
5 Morin Street Biddeford, ME 04005 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(207) 282-5911
Mr. Stephen Michaud Army 03-032 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Advanced Composites for Ammunition Protection and Crew Survivability |
| Abstract: | Battlefield vehicles such as the Interim Armored Vehicle (IAV) and Future Combat Systems (FCS) carry high energy, large caliber munitions into combat. The munitions are stowed in a rack within the vehicle and are susceptible to burning, detonation, and explosion when impacted by spall fragments occurring when the vehicle wall is penetrated by small arms and medium caliber projectiles. A need exists to protect the munitions from these effects, reduce the probability of detonation and explosion, and increase crew survivability. Fiber reinforced composite materials have been used successfully for both ballistic armor and thermal protection systems. With nearly 35 years of composite experience for both applications, Fiber Materials, Inc. proposes an engineering design and modeling effort to determine the feasibility of combining fiber reinforced, fire retardant composites to provide ballistic impact and fire thermal protection in a single material. The study will include S2r-Glass and/or Kevlarr fabric in a matrix of FTR 402 fire retardant resin. The design options include separate structures to provide protection for the munitions rack and for individual munitions casings. The ballistic/thermal protection designs will be submitted for ballistic impact modeling and the predicted thermal response of each design. |
| TIAX LLC
Acorn Park Cambridge, MA 02140 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 498-5818
Mr. John Dieckmann Army 03-032 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Crew Survivability Inside Future Combat Systems (FCS) -Type Vehicle: Techniques for Ammunition Protection from Fragments, Shock, and Fire |
| Abstract: | TIAX LLC proposes to develop a multi-layer kinetic energy and thermal shielding system to protect ordnance in the munitions rack of combat vehicles. Functional layers include high performance insulation, flame arrester material, thermal storage to absorb the heat that is conducted through the insulation, and a ballistic protection layer. In Phase I, we will identify a range of configurations using alternative materials and select the best configuration for a proof of concept test. |
| SYSTEMS & MATERIALS RESERACH CONSULTANCY
19300 Crosswind Circle Spicewood, TX 78669 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-0822
Dr. Alan Bray Army 03-033 Awarded: 17DEC03 |
| Title: | A Nanocomposite that Can Best Lexan in Tranparent Armor Properties |
| Abstract: | In 1996 Shell Chemical discovered a set of tough copolymers of CBDO monomer. These materials have Tgs to 205›XC and notched Izod impact strengths over 1000 Joules/meter (Lexan: 128 J/m). CBDO copolymers are optically transparent, with a yellowing index less than Lexan. It is the impact strength of these materials that make them uniquely suited to use in transparent armor, and that will allow for reductions in thickness and weight. Using molecular modeling CBDO copolymer nanocomposites will be designed and subsequently fabricated in the laboratory. By forming nanocomposites of CBDO copolymers and tailoring the CBDO:PDO ratio, ballistic resistant sheet will be produced. The sheet will be formed into laminates containing an EMI resistant layer with 30V80 dB spectral attenuation. Base Phase I laminates will withstand National Institute of Justice (NIJ) level IIA firings, and achieve level IIIA (most powerful 9 mm weapons) in the Option period. Phase I culminates with certified NIJ IIIA testing at H.P. White Labs. A transparent armor company is teamed to provide test services, laminate design assistance, marketing input, and a potential commercial buyer of sheet format transparent CBDO copolymer nanocomposites. During the patent transfer to SMRC subcontractor SWT, Shell estimated CBDO copolymer cost $1/lb. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Mr. Apoorva Shah Army 03-033 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Novel Hierarchical Multilayer Laminated Plastic Structures (1000-332) |
| Abstract: | In light of recent terrorist activities, there is a need for new materials/process technologies that can provide not only armor enhancements for military vehicles, helicopter and aircraft canopies, improved personal protective equipment for US marines and improved shipboard damage control, but also fire protection and EMI shielding. The use of polymer based materials in several of these applications has increased over the years, driven mainly by desirable properties, ease of processing, light weight and low cost. Triton Systems Inc proposes an innovative strengthened lightweight transparent multi-layer (hard/ductile) laminated plastic structure for enhanced ballistic resistance, with highly conductive coatings (organic and inorganic) for added EMI shielding capabilities. A single structure with all the above properties is lacking in current systems. These unique nanocomposite materials will serve numerous applications, military and commercial markets, viz., aircraft windows, helicopter and aircraft canopies, impact resistant building windows, safety goggles, face shields for soldiers, and public transit windows. |
| MCQ ASSOC., INC.
1551 Forbes St. Fredericksburg, VA 22405 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 373-2374
Mr. Barry Jones Army 03-034 Awarded: 20NOV03 |
| Title: | Non-Imaging Disposable Sensor System |
| Abstract: | The proposed SBIR will develop a Disposable Unattended Ground Sensor System that has the performance characteristics of much costlier systems. McQ has defined a design approach which can meet the small size and ten dollar cost goals needed to consider the sensors as disposable. McQ has over ten years of experience in designing state of the art remote sensor systems and successfully commercializing them for a variety of applications. McQ will apply this experience to tradeoff performance and cost issues needed to realize a disposable sensor system that effectively detects targets while keeping the cost at a level the individual sensors can be used as disposable units. McQ will develop a disposable sensor system design in the Phase I effort and evaluate the performance versus the cost to produce in quantity. McQ will provide a Phase I design presentation after four months. McQ will provide a formal Preliminary Design Review in a proposed SBIR Option Phase after an additional two month effort to bridge the work leading toward a Phase II SBIR contract. McQ will develop and demonstrate the disposable sensor system in a Phase II effort. |
| CRITICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Suite 400 Technology Center, 4th Floor 1001 Broad Utica, NY 13501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 793-0248
Mr. Doug Owen Army 03-035 Awarded: 02DEC03 |
| Title: | Cross-Layer Designs for Energy-Efficient Sensor Networking |
| Abstract: | We propose a novel architecture for large-scale, low power sensor networks, referred to as Sensor Networks with Mobile Agents (SENMA) utilizing an Ultra Wide Band physical (PHY) layer. SENMA is designed to exploit node redundancies by introducing mobile agents that communicate opportunistically with a large field of sensors. The addition of mobile agents shifts computationally intensive tasks away from primitive sensors to more powerful mobile agents, which enables energy efficient operations under severely limited power constraints. Additionally, we select the Ultra Wide Band PHY layer to exploit mutual non-interfering operation and its natural by-product of range information. We further propose a cross-layer approach of PHY and MAC layers to provide power efficiency and operation effectiveness over SENMA architecture, referred as an Opportunistic ALOHA. Finally, using randomly selected CDMA codes from a large table of orthogonal codes will further reduce the complexity associated with collision mitigation. A comparison and analysis of SENMA with a flat ad-hoc sensor network architecture will be comprehensively conducted regarding the energy efficiency. |
| MICRO ANALYSIS & DESIGN, INC.
4949 Pearl East Circle, Suite 300 Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 442-6947
Mr. Rick Archer Army 03-036 Awarded: 08DEC03 |
| Title: | Human Behavior Architecture Interface for Integrated Cognitive and Task Performance Model Development |
| Abstract: | As the Army transforms itself into an organization of the future, emphasis on acquiring new military systems and training soldiers to use those new systems is a primary challenge. These transformation programs are also counting heavily on simulation-based acquisition and training as a means through which risk can be minimized and total ownership cost can be reduced. To truly evaluate aspects of human behavior that impacts system performance, we need to model how soldiers will perform the perceptual, cognitive, and physical tasks required. However, a human behavior modeling environment that includes both procedural and cognitive aspects of human behavior does not currently exist. In addition, the available cognitive modeling architectures are difficult to use and require expertise in programming, modeling, and cognitive science. This proposal outlines a work plan for developing a modeling environment that consists of task network discrete event simulation and a cognitive architecture in a unified and integrated package. The unified architecture is designed to be used by systems engineers, analysts, and human factors professionals without backgrounds in programming or cognitive science to evaluate proposed new systems and to provide realistic training experiences through development of semi automated forces that behave more realistically. |
| CFD RESEARCH CORP.
215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 726-4800
Dr. Roberto Salvo Army 03-037 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | Compact Absorption Cooling Cycle Apparatus for Exhaust Gas Water Recovery |
| Abstract: | Supplying potable water to troops in the field is a significant hurdle requiring complex logistics and specialized equipment. Operational units already have an untapped source of water in the exhaust from their engines. The challenge is to efficiently cool the exhaust below the dew point and condense the water vapor. CFDRC proposes the development of the absorption cooling Diesel Exhaust-Water Recovery System (DEWRS). The system utilizes rejected heat in the exhaust gas stream to drive a thermodynamic cycle that cools the exhaust gas and condenses the water vapor. The cycle circulates liquid refrigerant, which provides the advantages of using a small pump, and offers flexibility in system arrangement. Parametric thermodynamic system analysis will examine the applicability of both LiBr/H2O and H2O/NH3 absorption cycles. A 1-D system model will be developed to simulate the engine-DEWRS integrated system operating under a variety of duty cycles. Additional detailed analyses will be performed to support the design of system components, including the use of Genetic Algorithms for optimization. During Phase 1, our efforts will focus on developing a prototype system compatible with the single cylinder Caterpillar (3400 Series) diesel test engine at the University of Alabama IC Engine Test Center. |
| TRIAD RESEARCH CORP.
2825 NW 23rd Drive Gainesville, FL 32605 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(352) 475-5035
Mr. John Crittenden Army 03-037 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | Novel Combined-Cycle Turbine Engine with Water Harvesting |
| Abstract: | A novel combined-cycle turbine engine with water harvesting capability is proposed for development into a commercialy viable product. The semi-closed engine and combined absorption refrigeration cycle is ideally suited to water extraction from the exhaust. Water extraction occurs in a portion of the cycle that has high pressure, low temperature and a near-stoichiometric exhaust stream, all of the conditions neccessary for optimum water yield. In addition, the proposed engine cycle has a low thermal signature due to low temperature exhaust and ultra-low emission of NOx and CO. The cycle has high efficiency and high power density. The proposed Phase I effort features analysis, design, and experimental testing to determine the viability of the combined cycle. An existing analysis code of the combined cycle will be modified to accomodate the water extraction bookkeeping. An existing test engine with exhaust recirculation will be used to demonstrate water extraction at atmospheric pressure. Additional work will include a component matching analysis and a water extraction hardware design component. Testing will be performed at an existing facility at the University of Florida. Analytical and design support will be provided by Concepts NREC. |
| ANSOFT CORP.
4 station square, suite 200 pittsburgh, PA 15219 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(412) 261-3200
Dr. John Silvestro Army 03-038 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | True Time Delay Multiple Beam Antenna System Design Tool |
| Abstract: | The current generation of field simulation codes are powerful design tools that are highly accurate and can solve small to moderately sized problems. For multi-wavelength structures the options are limited. Examples of application areas where one would find such structures include Rotman lens design, IC package design, and electromagnetic compatibility simulation. As the demand for higher performance designs increases in these industries the need for a CAD software package that can analyze these geometries also increases. In addition to being able to simulate larger geometries it is also important that such a tool be easy to use with a user friendly GUI and have robust model translation. We purpose to extend the analysis capabilities of Ansoft HFSS to be able to simulate large multiple wavelength structures. HFSS has a user friendly interface and accurate simulation engine. We purpose to enhance that engine to allow it to efficiently simulate both electrically large and small geometries and to implement further improvements to the user interface and model translation tool. |
| REMCOM, INC.
315 S. Allen St. , Suite 222 State College, PA 16801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(636) 536-4008
Dr. Christopher Penney Army 03-038 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | True Time Delay Multiple Beam Antenna System Design Tool |
| Abstract: | Accurate analysis of multiple wavelength structures which contain regions with fine details is a challenging problem. A full wave method such as the Finite Difference Time Domain method can be used to analyze large structures as long as enough computer memory. High frequencies ray methods are often used for cases where the structure is very large in terms of wavelengths. In the case of an antenna system that includes transmission lines, a beamforming element such as a Rotman Lens, and an array of antennas, a hybrid approach allows a full wave method to be used to solve the complex field interactions on the feed section of the beamformer and around the antenna array while a high frequency method could be applied to the lens section to accurately simulate the field interaction with the complex surface. Even more useful would be an approach that incorporates CAD design elements and some form of optimization as well to allow the best system to be configured and saved in an appropriate format for fabricating a the actual components. The development of this fully hybrid solver with CAD editing capabilities and some form of design optimization will be the main focus of the proposed effort. |
| PHOENIX SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
27 Industrial Avenue Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 367-0232
Dr. Raymond Schaefer Army 03-039 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | High Energy Density, Fast-Rise Film Capacitors |
| Abstract: | The object of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of two new film capacitor approaches to meet Army high-energy capacitor requirements. One is a new type of metallized polypropylene capacitor that already exceeds the Army energy density goal. The other is a new metallized polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) capacitor technology that has the potential to increase energy density by another factor of three. Phase I includes experiments with both types of capacitors to evaluate their capability to meet Army capacitor requirements for energy density, rise-time, pulse repetition rate and lifetime. Based on the test results, and working in collaboration with a capacitor manufacturer and a film manufacturer, we will develop a plan to produce full-scale capacitors for the Army and make specific recommendations for development in Phase II. |
| TRS CERAMICS, INC.
2820 East College Avenue State College, PA 16801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 238-7485
Dr. Wesley Hackenberger Army 03-039 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | High Energy Density Relaxor Ferroelectric Terpolymer Capacitors |
| Abstract: | Relaxor terpolymers (PVDF-TrFe-CTFE) exhibit dielectric constants > 60, 20 to 30 times the value of conventional film dielectrics such as polypropylene and polyester. As a result the new terpolymer has an energy density of over 10 J/cc at half the electric field of conventional polymer film. For the proposed effort TRS and Prof. Qiming Zhang of Penn State will fabricate wound prototype capacitors from terpolymer film and test them for energy density, equivalent series resistance, insulation resistance, and charge/discharge speed. The goal for this program will be to demonstrate a 0.1 to 1 microFarad, 5 J/cc wound capacitor with a discharge speed faster than 10 microseconds. |
| AMTEC CORP.
500 Wynn Dr. Suite 314 Huntsville, AL 35816 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 722-7200
Mr. Bill Fieselman Army 03-040 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Mixed Signal MMIC for 10GHz Multifunction Frequency Syntheses and Modulations |
| Abstract: | This proposal presents an innovative, affordable, and feasible architecture of frequency synthesis and modulation based on SiGe high-speed MMIC designs. The architecture includes an ultrahigh-speed direct digital synthesizer (DDS) with a maximum clock frequency of 10GHz to synthesize and modulate the intermediate frequency (IF) of 1GHz and above. It uses a low-noise phase lock loop (PLL) to generate both the DDS clock and the carrier frequency of 10GHz and above. The PLL synthesizer includes a quadrature voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) to generate the quadrature carriers without using a high loss and narrow-band poly-phase network. The high-speed DDS includes a patent pending high-order delta-sigma noise shaper and a sinusoidal weighted digital-to-analog converter (DAC) with 15-bit resolution to achieve better than -60dB spectral purity. The cosine weighted DAC eliminates the sine and cosine look-up table, which is a speed and area bottleneck for high-speed DDS implementations. The DDS modulation waveform configurations include chirp, step frequency, FM, MSK, PM, AM, QAM, and other hybrid modulations. The modulated IF frequency is mixed with the carrier frequency using quadrature mixers with image rejection. The proposed architecture can be implemented in high-speed SiGe processing. Some critical blocks have been implemented and fabricated using IBM 5HP SiGe. |
| TELASIC COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
1940 East Mariposa Ave., Suite 100 El Segundo, CA 90245 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 955-3719
Mr. Ken Essenwanger Army 03-040 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Mixed Signal for Multifunction RF (Radio Frequency) Sensor |
| Abstract: | TelASIC Communications is pleased to submit an SBIR proposal for the Mixed Signal for Multifunction RF (Radio Frequency) Sensor. This proposal includes the investigative study of the development of a flexible and affordable digital synthesis approach capable of generating waveforms for high range radars and low probability of intercept communication applications. TelASIC is proposing to investigate the highest level of integration on a single chip. TelASIC is proposing to explore the feasibility of a novel RAM/ROM hybrid delta-sigma DDS (Direct Digital Synthesis) with multi-bit DAC on a single chip. Two versions will be considered: The first will clock a multi-bit DAC at greater than 20 GHz for a Nyquist of greater than 10GHz, and the second version will have a higher resolution DAC upconverted to greater than 10 GHz. The feasibility of the multiplexed DAC clocked at greater than 20 GHz and capable of synthesis at carrier frequencies over 10 GHz with 1 GHz of instantaneous modulation bandwidth, using the IBM SiGe 7HP or 8HP BiCMOS processes, will be investigated. In addition to the ultra high speed bipolar capability, special considerations will be given to maximize the utilization of the advanced CMOS in the SiGe BiCMOS, DRAM and SRAM for a low power and low cost monolithic solution. |
| CFD RESEARCH CORP.
215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 726-4800
Dr. Sandip Mazumder Army 03-041 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | An Efficient and Accurate Calculation Procedure for Atmospheric Radiation Transport |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR project is aimed toward the development of a novel computational procedure that will allow accurate and fast prediction of radiative fluxes and transmission losses within the earth's atmosphere. The proposed calculation procedure is expected to be several orders of magnitude faster than the currently used very-narrow-band models in MODTRAN (or MODR), with accuracy comparable to that of line-by-line (LBL) calculations. The calculation procedure will be based on the recently developed (Michael Modest, Penn State University) full spectrum correlated-k distribution (FSCK) model, which allows accurate and superfast prediction of radiative fluxes in a medium comprising of participating molecular gases. This novel method is exact for homogeneous paths and its accuracy for inhomogeneous paths depends on the scaling technique (similar to the Curtis-Godson approximation) used for the absorption coefficient. The model has already been implemented in the commercial code CFD-ACE+ for combustion applications and validated extensively. In this project, we propose to demonstrate the feasibility of using this state-of-the-art model for atmospheric radiation calculations, pending required modifications and enhancements. To prove the feasibility, comparisons will be performed against LBL calculations to judge accuracy, and against MODTRAN and other narrow-band-model codes to judge speed. |
| SPECTRAL SCIENCES, INC.
99 South Bedford Street, Suite 7 Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-4770
Dr. Prabhat Acharya Army 03-041 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | kURT, k-distribution based Ultra-fast Radiation Transport |
| Abstract: | Design of electro-optical sensors for military and commercial use increasingly relies on scenario simulation models. It is critical these models yield accurate transmittances and at-sensor radiances, and be extremely computationally fast to allow robust sampling of the multi-dimensional design parameter space. Spectral Sciences, Inc. proposes to develop a sensor bandpass tailored RT model, dubbed kURT (k-distribution based Ultra-fast Radiative-Transfer). kURT features a new and innovative method for combining fine spectrally gridded MODTRAN4 k-distributions into a compact and accurate k-distribution for an entire and spectrally-broad sensor bandpass. This provides bandpass transmittance and radiance calculations that are faster by a factor of 100 or greater than MODTRAN4. In Phase I, MODTRAN-generated k-distribution databases will be created for 3-5 micron and kURT modules developed for generation of sensor band k-distributions and prediction of ultra-fast transmittances. These results will be compared to integrated 1 cm-1 MODTRAN4 predictions to determine if kURT meets the requirement for agreement to within 2% in transmittance. In Phase II, the kURT spectral range will be extended for UV through LWIR applications, and the kURT approach generalized for calculation of thermal and solar radiances. |
| DECISIVE ANALYTICS CORP.
1235 Jefferson Davis Highway , Suite 400 Arlington, VA 22202 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 414-5001
Dr. Jim Nolan Army 03-042 Awarded: 03DEC03 |
| Title: | Agent-Based Knowledge Enablers for the Unit of Action |
| Abstract: | The Army's Unit of Action (UA) is part of a joint team that is decisive in any operation, against any level threat, in any environment. This team must be strategically and operationally responsive, and be able to change patterns of operations faster than the enemy can respond. To meet these goals, it relies on the fusion of information from the Battlefield Functional Areas (BFAs), as well as disparate data from joint partners. In this research, the DAC Team will design and implement an intelligent agent toolkit for Network Centric Warfare that enables data from disparate information sources to be translated, coordinated, and fused in such a way that commanders can better respond to the Commander's Critical Information Requirements associated with a UA. This objective will be realized through three major activities: 1) developing techniques that overcome the heterogeneity of different data sources and represent them in a common ontology, 2) designing and implementing the collaborative agent architecture, and 3) specifying and implementing the interactions between agents in a way that enables critical information to be fused and subsequently presented to the commander. |
| SOAR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
3600 Green Court, Suite 600 Ann Arbor, MI 48105 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 327-8000
Dr. Scott Wood Army 03-042 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Agent-Based Knowledge Enablers for the Unit of Action |
| Abstract: | As the vision of Network Centric Warfare (NCW) becomes reality in the Future Force, it is clear that trading steel (platform survivability) for information represents a true revolution in military affairs. A principal set of goals is to eliminate archaic information stovepipes, speed the flow of information to the end user, and rapidly increase the rate at which data is transformed into militarily significant and decision-centered information. Improving a commander's ability to collect, process, manage and answer the critical information requirements (CCIRs) associated with a Unit of Action (UA) provides a uniquely challenging opportunity. Given the risks of information overload and high workload, the goal of this system is to assist the commander in a commander-driven, purpose-oriented, knowledge-based fashion. This capability will allow for a continuous, evolving, and collaborative process that will reduce information and cognitive overload, increase the number of options considered, and reduce the time and effort spent planning while simultaneously improving decisions. We propose to combine state of the art techniques in multi-agent service-based cognitive architectures, knowledge abstraction layers semantically organized into ontologies, and intelligent user interfaces to create a system that will demonstrate how information age transformation can enable fundamental improvements to CCIR monitoring in NCW. |
| TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP.
1900 S. Sepulveda Blvd., Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90025 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 797-0613
Mr. Mark Cammarere Army 03-042 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Agent-Based Knowledge Enablers for the Unit of Action |
| Abstract: | Unlike the past, modern conflicts are increasingly regional and asymmetric. This has prompted the Army to transform to Future Combat Systems (FCS) via an Objective Force - responsive, deployable, agile, versatile, lethal, survivable and sustainable. Strategic Manuever is key to this force - the rapid projection of military power. Given the available airlift and sealift, this requires the Army to "trade ... steel for ... information:" the lethality and survivability of current platforms is replaced by integration where interoperability ensures component lethality and survivability. Key enablers supporting this shift are Information Dominance via Network Centric Warfare (NCW). However, NCW advantages are often negated by Information Overload - an inability to separate the useful information from the mass of available data. Evolving Army doctrine includes techniques to help mitigate this overload. Among them are the Commander's Critical Information Requirements (CCIR), defined by the Commander as a decision-making aid. Useful CCIR overcomes overload by identifying what is most mission-critical. In a NCW environment, aids implemented via software agents are desired for their mobility and potential for intelligent action. Technology Service Corporation (TSC) will apply mobile software agent technology to the generation of CCIR within the organizational structure of an objective force Unit of Action (UA). |
| ADAPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1700 Kraft Drive, Suite 2350 Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 951-1284
Mr. Andre Goldstein Army 03-043 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | REAL-TIME NATURAL HEARING DEVICE FOR ENCAPSULATING HEADGEAR |
| Abstract: | Protective helmets anticipated for the next generation Army soldier (Objective Force Warrior) will provide superior ballistic and biological protection by encapsulating the entire head. However, such an encapsulating design will limit the soldier's ability to effectively hear the surrounding acoustic environment, limiting the soldier's effectiveness. The design and development of a fully encapsulating ballistic helmet with real-time acoustic field monitoring is proposed. The primary goal of the Phase I effort is to demonstrate the proof of concept of accurate hearing and localization through development of an encapsulating helmet prototype. The technical objectives and work tasks focus on intensive data collection followed by an exhaustive mathematical investigation of the optimal sensor/transducer placements to provide the most realistic hearing capabilities. Finally, the optimal compensation solution will be implemented and tested during the Phase I effort for both quantitative and qualitative performance verification. The multi-disciplinary approach required by the proposed design is facilitated by a strong technical team. Together ATI and Virginia Tech possess all of the expertise, hardware, and facilities required to effectively investigate this problem. The team assembled for Phase I, and anticipated for Phase II, includes experts in human perception of audio, mechatronics, digital audio design, controls, and signal processing. |
| LINDEN PHOTONICS, INC.
270 Littleton Road, Unit #29 Westford, MA 01886 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 392-7985
Dr. Amaresh Mahapatra Army 03-044 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Polymers for Lightweight Small Arms Cartridge Cases |
| Abstract: | Currently, small caliber cartridge cases are manufactured from brass. Because brass is a critical material, spent cartridge cases must be retrieved from firing ranges, which is time consuming and costly. The motivation to develop a polymer cartridge case is therefore primarily cost based, as it will remove the need for salvage, and will also reduce the cost of manufacture, by employing standard plastic molding techniques. It has also been demonstrated1 that polymer based casings will offer the following advantages: Increased Energy Transfer to the Projectile; Reduce Heat Transfer to Chamber; Reduced Muzzle Flash; Improved weapon feeding; Easier removal of ruptured casing; Reduced weight load for soldiers. The objective of this proposal is to investigate the use of certain some novel thermoplastic cartridge shell casings for small caliber ammunition. These chosen termoplastics have glass transition temperature in excess of 1500 C, moisture intake at saturation of less than 3% and tensile modulus variation of less than 15% over the temperature range from -550 C to 650 C. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Mr. Brian Muskopf Army 03-044 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Polymers for Lightweight Small Arms Cartridge Cases |
| Abstract: | The modern U.S. Army warfighter is being tasked to carry additional gear into the field to enhance combat effectiveness with the penalty of an increased weight burden. Recent improvements in polymer material technology and manufacturing processes that would allow a lightweight polymer to be used as a cartridge case material would help alleviate a portion of this weight burden. Polymer materials are 5 to 7 times lighter than steel or brass and half the weight of aluminum. Polymer materials have additional benefits compared to metals such as long storage life with no corrosion, potentially lower material and fabrication costs, and potential improvement in insensitive munitions performance. Texas Research Institute Austin, Inc. proposes to develop a lightweight, low cost, corrosion free polymer cartridge for small caliber ammunition that will function reliably in existing weapon systems and be capable of surviving the loads, pressures and temperatures experienced during the ballistic cycle. A polymer 5.56mm cartridge case will save over 1 lb of weight for every 100 rounds of ammunition compared to an equivalent brass cartridge case. This reduction in weight will allow U.S. Army soldiers to carry additional ammunition, or other equipment and supplies onto the field. |
| 2PHASE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
P.O. Box 730, 33 River Vista Drive Dayton, NV 89403 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 450-7900
Mr. Theodore Jacobson Army 03-045 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Field-deployable, Reformable Tooling System for Repair, Replacement or Prototyping of Composite Structures |
| Abstract: | The use of reformable, reusable tooling can greatly reduce the time, cost and skills required for conventional tooling production, and no waste products are generated since the tooling materials themselves can be rapidly cycled from a hard tooling-capable state to a liquid-like state and back to the tool-capable state. We are proposing to create a new, lightweight, rapid tooling system for prototyping, field repair and depot-level manufacture / re-manufacture of composite components and structures. The proposed fieldable system will be based on a new class of low density state-change materials and on the development of a robust lightweight system that operates a new type of single-faced reformable "toolbed." The new materials, toolbed design and activating system will be mounted in a field-transportable tooling package proposed for development through this program. In the program's Phase III stage and beyond, the system will be further developed into a fieldable "manufacturing cell" for composites fabrication through the incorporation of features for vacuum debulking and vacuum bagged, temperature-regulated cure of parts. |
| LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC.
2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 953-4280
Dr. Martin Rogers Army 03-046 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Breathable, Chemically Resistant Materials for Protective Clothing |
| Abstract: | Luna Innovations proposes to develop a cost effective, elastomeric material for lightweight breathable chemical protective clothing. Materials currently used for chemical protective clothing are either impermeable, leading to heat exhaustion, or based upon a permeable, absorptive technology, which is expensive and heavy. The proposed program involves 1) producing block copolymers based on poly(isobutylene) and an ionic segment 2) converting the block copolymers into an aqueous dispersion 3) casting films to demonstrate sufficient water permeation for breath-ability, resistance to chemical agents and mechanical properties necessary for use with flexible textile materials. The proposed elastomer is based on chemistries that can be readily scaled to produce large quantities for field testing and eventual commercialization. In addition, Luna has identified methods of making films from environmentally sound aqueous dispersions saving on the cost of handling, processing and waste disposal. This development will contribute to the Army's goal of producing clothing to protect personnel from lethal chemical agents while maintaining the comfort of the wearer. |
| NOVACOMP, INC.
3028 Welsh Road Mohnton, PA 19540 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 219-0668
Mr. Jim Kaufmann Army 03-046 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Breathable, Chemical Resistant, Elastomeric Protective Clothing Material |
| Abstract: | The objective of our research proposal is to design, synthesize, fabricate and evaluate economical and lightweight breathable, chemical resistant, elastomeric protective composite fabrics suitable for use in chemical agent protective garment applications. Our primary focus will be on developing breathable membranes that allow for water vapor to be transported away from the body, while simultaneously blocking penetration of harmful substances in liquid and vapor form. New fabric technologies suitable for military combat will also be evaluated in parallel along with the most effective methodologies for combining the breathable membranes with these fabrics to create a composite fabric system suitable for use in chemical and biological protective materials applications. These materials and methodologies will be identified, defined and evaluated during our Phase 1 efforts. Phase 2 efforts will involve making pilot and pre-production quantities of selected composite fabrics for testing and evaluation as chemical and biological defense garments. |
| BRIMROSE CORP.OF AMERICA
5024 Campbell Blvd.,, Suite E Baltimore, MD 21236 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 668-5800
Dr. Sudhir Trivedi Army 03-047 Awarded: 04DEC03 |
| Title: | Long Wave Infrared Acousto-Optic Materials:Development of Novel Materials for the Fabrication of LWIR (8-12 micron)Acousto-optic Tunable Filters for I |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop novel anisotropic materials that can be used to fabricate acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF)-based spectral imaging systems in the LWIR (8 to 12 micron) spectral region. AOTF's are very attractive for multispectral and hyperspectral applications such as the detection of targets, backgrounds, and stand-off chemical and biological agents. Tellurium dioxide (TeO2) is the most commonly used AOTF material, and it has a spectral transmission range of 0.35-5.0 micron. However, chemical agent infrared absorption/emission primarily occurs in the 8-12 micron wavelength region. Currently, there is no technologically matured material for AOTF imaging in this wavelength range. Thus, we propose to investigate the mercurous halides (Hg2Cl2 and Hg2Br2) and tellurium (Te) for this purpose. These materials can be processed at relatively low temperatures, are nonhygroscopic, have high acousto-optic figure of merit (M2), high birefringence and relatively high transmission in the 8-12 micron spectral range. This long wave infrared (LWIR) region technology is relevant to the detection of buried mines and is an essential part of achieving the goals set forth in the Army's Third Generation Science and Technology Objective (STO). |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
135 S. Taylor Avenue Louisville, CO 80027 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Mr. Gerard Pelk Army 03-048 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | Ultra-Compact Doppler LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) for Unmanned Aerial/Ground Vehicles |
| Abstract: | The rapid development UAVs and UGVs for the Future Combat System is producing requirements for remote sensing of volumetric winds and wind hazards such as wind shear, gusts, and clear air turbulence for safe and efficient vehicle operation. Mission specific parameters such as aerosol plume detection and tracking, terrain mapping, and helicopter rotor turbulence detection must also be measured. The UAV/UGV operating environment requires any operational sensor to be optimally compact, light-weight, and have low power consumption. In Phase I, CTI will develop requirements, specifications, and a system design for a UAV/UGV coherent Doppler Lidar system, focusing on modularity, compact size, and low power consumption. CTI will then leverage from previous work to demonstrate a novel agile-pulse laser technology, with electronic switching between a short-pulse mode for high-resolution terrain mapping with a 10-ns pulsewidth, to a long-pulse mode for wind sensing with pulsewidth electronically adjustable in the range 100 to 400 ns. This agile-pulse capability will allow a single laser to be electronically configured for optimal measurement of a parameter. In Phase I, CTI will also demonstrate a unique proprietary lidar cavity, which will allow small, light-weight, reliable, and rugged transceivers to be built. The agile-pulse laser and the cavity architecture will form the foundation for the ultra-compact Doppler lidar for UAV/UGV. In Phase II, the design for a prototype sensor will be completed. The prototype sensor will then be fabricated, tested, and a performance analysis conducted. |
| FIBERTEK, INC.
510 Herndon Parkway Herndon, VA 20170 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 471-7671
Dr. William Torruellas Army 03-048 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | Ultra-Compact Doppler LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) for Unmanned Aerial/Ground Vehicles |
| Abstract: | The availability of moderate power fiber lasers and amplifiers has made possible the demonstration of compact Laser Radar systems in the eye safe spectral region. These systems benefit primarily from the high repetition rates afforded by the ideal thermal management in optical fibers allowing very good optical beam and pulse fidelities. For un-manned airborne vehicles to become cost effective and have reliable performance they will require avionic systems for landing and take-off that will be insensitive to sudden weather changes. As a result a compact and rugged solution with a low entry cost is required to limit the number of crashes at landing and take off of UAVs. Under this SBIR we propose to demonstrate a multi-purpose (Doppler-DIAL-DAS), compact coherent detection system that will eventually be tunable in the important eye safe spectral range. This range is relevant for both air and ground vehicles since it affords relative eye safety. In particular we will demonstrate the feasibility of detecting wind-shears and simultaneously perform differential absorption measurements with an all-fiber based transmitter-receiver system. This approach will result in a compact, cost competitive Doppler Lidar system. |
| GCAS, INC.
1531 Grand Avenue, Suite A San Marcos, CA 92069 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 591-4227
Mr. Leland Smith Army 03-049 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Blast and Shock Damage Analysis |
| Abstract: | This proposal presents a program for the development of a system that will characterize vehicle blast response in terms of vehicle equipment fragility. This system will interface to the MUVES-S2 modeling suite. Integration of this system will involve several specific tasks. A hardware system will be defined to measure and capture blast response. A transducer location and data analysis strategy will be identified to best relate measured acceleration data to equipment fragility. A strategy for defining equipment fragility will be identified. Utilizing these tools software will be developed to interface the data into the MUVES-S2 suite so as to provide blast definition in terms of equipment fragility thresholds. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
7519 Standish Place, Suite 200 Rockville, MD 20855 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 294-5238
Dr. Chiman Kwan Army 03-050 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | A Novel Heavy Traffic Approach to Stochastic Optimal Control of Mobile Communications |
| Abstract: | Balancing high throughput with head-of-the-line wait time for queued data requires explicit stochastic process modeling of the time variations of the channel and the complex queuing process. However, such process models are too complicated for a direct solution. In this proposal, Intelligent Automation, Inc. (IAI) and its subcontractor, Prof. Robert Buche of the North Carolina State University, propose a novel heavy traffic approach to optimal stochastic control of mobile communications. Under the heavy traffic assumption and scaling, one can arrive at a limit system described by a stochastic differential equation (with reflection and/or jumps), which approximates the actual system. Based on the limit system, we can obtain the control by using the powerful novel numerical methods originally proposed by Kushner and Dupuis. Some other advantages of the proposed stochastic control design approach include: First, the controls obtained from the heavy traffic analysis are effective in the practical system, even operating far from the heavy traffic regime. Second, the heavy traffic modeling is general enough to handle a variety of configurations including TDMA, channel estimation, etc. Third, the proposed admission control design is independent of power control. Fourth, the proposed numerical methods sound and it has been theoretically justified by the convergence proofs. |
| SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS CO., INC.
500 West Cummings Park - Ste 3000 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 933-5355
Dr. R. Prasanth Army 03-050 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | Research and Development of Stochastic Optimal Control Algorithms for Mobile Communications Systems |
| Abstract: | The overall objective of the effort (Phase I and Phase II) is to utilize Stochastic Optimal Control (SOC) techniques to derive and evaluate scheduling algorithms for Mobile Communication Systems. SOC techniques were recently employed to establish the optimality of the widely used Proportional Fair Sharing (PFS) scheduling algorithm under idealized conditions -- one single base station, unique service class and heavy traffic in all transmitters. This result provides an important link between well established SOC methods at one side and the practice of Mobile Communication Systems at the other side. We will use these developments as our starting point in Phase I, and investigate the possibility of extending these results when one or more of these assumptions are not met. Phase I will be focused in the scheduling problem only, using analytical techniques to: (1) investigate the performance of PFS under more general conditions, and (2) modifying PFS for improved performance. Limited numerical experiments will be performed to validate the theoretical developments. The most promising physical layer schemes derived in Phase I will be combined into a full protocol stack for High Rate Packet Data Systems in Phase II. We will focus our developments in the IS-856/CDMA2000 protocols, seeking the development of algorithms compatible with the emerging Third Generation Wireless Technologies. Northrop-Grumman Information Technology will be a subcontractor in the effort, providing expertise in the tactical operation of mobile networks. Professors Harold Kushner (Brown University), John Tsitsiklis (MIT) and Sanjoy Mitter (MIT) will serve as consultants, working with SSCI in the development of control theoretic methods for scheduler analysis and design. |
| GIBBARD RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CORP.
P. O. Box 6191 Haverhill, MA 01831 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(973) 325-1504
Dr. Arthur Kaufman Army 03-051 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Mixed-Feed Direct Methanol Fuel Cell |
| Abstract: | The Army's need for high energy-density, lightweight power sources gives incentive to the search for creative fuel cell concepts and approaches that can potentially reduce size, weight, and complexity. Success in such efforts would certainly have significant spin-off opportunities in the commercial sector, such as in medical devices, computer hardware, and recreational needs. The mixed reactant feed approach in direct-methanol fuel cells has attractive potential in light of the fact that it could reduce size and weight associated with fluid delivery devices, manifolding, and sealing. The proposed project is intended to explore the cell/stack and system design opportunities associated with mixed-feed, with the objective of laying the groundwork for substantial improvement in size and weight parameters for the system power and energy required. The overall technical goal is to meet the Army's size and weight requirements for a 20-watt, 1-kWh power source during Phase II. The objectives of the project are: a) to identify and deploy selective cathode catalysts/electrodes that demonstrate enhanced activity/performance in methanol-air mixed-feed fuel cell stacks and b) to investigate, optimize, and implement a novel stack design concept that yields substantially reduced size and weight in relation to those of conventional DMFC stacks |
| MESOSCOPIC DEVICES, LLC
510 Compton Street, Suite 106 Broomfield, CO 80020 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 466-6968
Dr. Jerry Martin Army 03-051 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | Portable DMFC using mixed-reactants |
| Abstract: | Mesoscopic Devices proposes to develop an advanced direct methanol fuel cell generator using mixed reactant technology. Our approach combines an advanced compact mixed-reactant stack with a tightly integrated balance of plant specifically configured to take advantage of the unique characteristics of mixed-reactant DMFC stacks. The combination of the mixed-reactant stack with the innovative BOP design will allow simultaneous increases in the power density and reductions in cost. The proposed design is significantly simpler and more compact than conventional DMFC designs. In Phase I, the feasibility of the innovative approach will be demonstrated through fabrication of mixed-reactant stacks and design of a complete power generator including all components of the unique balance of plant. |
| TDA RESEARCH, INC.
12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 940-2355
Dr. William Bell Army 03-052 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | Catalytic Coatings for Chemical Protection |
| Abstract: | The U.S. military must be prepared to operate in an environment contaminated by chemical warfare (CW) or biological warfare (BW) agents. Currently, chemically contaminated hardware is decontaminated either with the highly caustic and corrosive DS2 or with peroxide foam decontaminants. Either approach necessitates carrying sufficient decontaminant to forward bases, and therefore presents an additional logistics burden. Furthermore, even decontaminated items may retain some agent especially around seams, and in time the trapped agent may diffuse out of the coating (desorb), exposing soldiers to additional hazards and activating alarm systems. An ideal protective system would modify the surface of critical materials so that they offer protection from CW and BW agents at all times, with no additional operational or logistics burden. TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) proposes to develop a reactive coating to spontaneously detoxify chemical weapons under ambient conditions, focusing in Phase I on developing a robust catalyst for the hydrolytic detoxification of nerve agents, particularly agent VX. In Phase I we will synthesize new catalytic materials capable of detoxifying agent VX. We will then demonstrate that these new catalysts, and oxidative catalysts for detoxification of agent HD, can be incorporated into coatings as required for military vehicles. |
| SEACOAST SCIENCE, INC.
2410 La Macarena Carlsbad, CA 92009 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 473-8602
Dr. Todd Mlsna Army 03-053 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Detection of Drugs/Narcotics and Processing Components Using |
| Abstract: | Seacoast Science proposes to fabricate a detector that meets all the requirements to serve as a system for sniffing out illicit drug processing laboratories. The system includes a chemical sensor array selective and sensitive to the volatile chemicals commonly used in drug synthesis, a radio for wireless communication and a small, rugged, lightweight, low-power system designed for long-term battery operation. Our MEMS chemicapacitor technology utilizes an array of surface micromachined capacitors, coated with chemoselective polymer coatings optimized for volatile chemicals such as ketones, alcohols and hydrocarbons. These and similar chemicals are commonly used in drug processing. Its exceptionally low power consumption, inexpensive production cost and robustness allow our detector to operate under battery power for up to 6 months. In Phase I we will test our sensors by exposing them to common drug processing chemicals at appropriate concentrations under a range of environmental conditions. This 6 month Phase will result in a demonstration of a detector package consisting of three sensor units that will be able to transmit concentration levels of chemicals wirelessly. Operationally these detector systems will be small enough to be used clandestinely at suspected lab locations and cheap enough for widespread distribution. |
| CERES, INC.
3007 Malibu Canyon Road Malibu, CA 90265 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 317-8961
Dr. Chuan-Yin Wu Army 03-054 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Large Scale Biomaterial Production |
| Abstract: | The engineering of food crops such as corn or rice to produce proteins has significant commercial potential. Very high levels of protein can be produced at a relatively low cost with a relatively long shelf life. In addition, for medical applications the use of cereal grains such as corn or rice as a source is deemed safe. Ceres has developed a system to enhance the production efficacy of proteins in cereal grain. Included in the system are expression amplification, pollen and progeny control systems and detection systems for rapid testing to verify the genotype. The system consists of two genetic components or lines, a target line and an activation line. The target line is male sterile, i.e. it cannot produce pollen. It will function as the female in a cross. The activation line is male fertile and expresses a transcription factor targeted to the desired cells, but no other foreign genes. It functions as the male in a cross. The target line contains the gene(s) of interest, a Ceres proprietary plant gene to make the progeny nonviable and a marker gene. Target genes are expressed, and target proteins are produced, only in the grain. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4174
Dr. Vladimir Guilmanov Army 03-054 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | Large Scale Production of Spider Silk by Immortalized Spider Cells |
| Abstract: | Despite a decade of active research into cloning and expression of spider silk, no adequate solution has been found to the production of significant quantities of these proteins, especially for broader markets and materials applications. Two options that address the need for increased spider silk production, namely overcoming production limitations in engineered cells and scaling up production of low producing systems, do not offer sufficient advantages for further development. Foster-Miller, in collaboration with Tufts University, proposes an alternative approach that is based on generating stable cell lines that originate from silk producing spider glands via a spontaneous mutation process during continuous culture, viral transfection, and by telomerase immortalization. Retention of natural silk productivity in immortalized cells will be targeted. The proposed work for the Phase I base program involves generating and characterizing immortalized spider silk producing cells, producing a representative batch of silk protein solution, and evaluating properties of the protein excreted by spider cell lines. The technological parameters of silk protein production will be optimized in the option program. Nexia Biotechnologies, Inc., a world leader in the manufacture of recombinant silk proteins, has agreed to assist the proposing team in the commercialization of the proposed process. (P-030567) |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
6 New England Executive Park Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-3388
Dr. Brian DeCleene Army 03-055 Awarded: 04DEC03 |
| Title: | Cross-Layer Protocols for Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networking (CrossNet) |
| Abstract: | The goal of this Phase 1 SBIR is to refine and evaluate an integrated cross-layer wireless networking protocol suite that spans OSI layers 2 (link) through 4 (transport) and reduces energy consumption in sensor networks. Early analysis suggests that an order of magnitude reduction in energy consumption over traditional approaches is achievable for typical UGS scenarios by combining services across layers. Our innovation combines novel extensions in link-layer MAC scheduling and hop-by-hop repair services with recent network layer research in minimum energy diversity routing. The link-layer services may also be used to control power modes of emerging radios for further cross-layer performance gains. In all, the combination promises to eliminate major sources of energy consumption including idle listening, control signaling, congestion hot-spots, and packet retransmissions due to channel errors. The approach leverages our existing sensor network simulation testbed developed under NSF funding to evaluate the energy, throughput, and latency performance against alternative solutions. The technology developed under this SBIR is anticipated to have broad application to army sensor networks as well as public commercial wireless systems and plant automation. |
| TIME DOMAIN CORP.
7057 Old Madison Pike Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 428-6495
Mr. Larry Fullerton Army 03-056 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Man Portable Personnel Detection Device for MOUT |
| Abstract: | This project demonstrates the feasibility of fusing ultra wideband (UWB) radar and acoustic sensors to produce a high performing man portable personnel detection device for MOUT. Time Domain Corporation (TDC) has developed RadarVisionƒ, a commercially available, handheld, battery-operated, synthetic aperture UWB through-wall motion imaging device. This device rapidly indicates and displays sources of motion behind walls. An ongoing Air Force contract will deliver enhanced features needed for MOUT applications. UWB penetrates concrete, sheetrock, wood, plaster, tile and fiberglass, but it is blocked by solid metal and metal coated objects. Since acoustic energy does travel through metal, fusing a sonic sensor with RadarVision would provide additional capability to sense through metallic barriers. In this project, TDC will investigate how UWB-enabled radars and sonic devices operate independently in similar motion-detection scenarios. The company will fabricate, test and demonstrate an acoustic sensor testbed, define a prototype radar-sonic fused system, and predict fused sensor performance. If Phase I results show sufficient improvements in performance, in Phase II TDC will assemble and test an integrated, dual-sensor system for evaluation by DoD in MOUT scenarios. The sonic enhancement could also be incorporated into TDC's commercial product for use by law enforcement and search and rescue teams. |
| NLIGHT PHOTONICS
5408 NE 88th Street, Bldg E Vancouver, WA 98665 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(360) 566-4466
Mr. Zack Huang Army 03-057 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | High Power, High Efficiency Diode Sources for Pumping Eye-Safe Solid State Lasers |
| Abstract: | High power eyesafe lasers are crucial for many military and industrial applications. Erbium doped lasers offer the potential for direct laser operation at 1.5 microns thereby reduces the size and cost and improving the efficiency of today' frequency converted one-micron lasers. Diode pumped Erbium lasers are typically pumped at 980-nm. The large quantum defect between the lasing wavelength and the pump wavelength leaves roughly 30% of the deposited energy as heat. For example, a 1-kW Erbium laser would require at least 500 Watts of heat to be removed. This amount of heat not only effects laser performance, it also requires a large thermal management system that adds size, weight, and cost to the system. A similar laser that was pumped at 1470-nm would require a factor of ten less heat to be removed. Unfortunately, today's high power InP diode lasers operating at 1470-nm produce less power and are less efficient 980-nm laser diodes. This is primarily a result of a dramatically lower differential quantum efficiency that results from both lower injection efficiency and higher optical losses. With a novel epitaxial structure we propose to improve the overall efficiency of high power 1470-nm InP based laser diodes to over 40%. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
7519 Standish Place, Suite 200 Rockville, MD 20855 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 294-5229
Dr. Eric Doorn Army 03-058 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | Flexible UHF Chaotic Devices for Radar Applications |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop ultra-high-frequency optical and electronic chaotic devices that offer great flexibility. In Phase I, we will design one optical and one electronic chaotic device whose central frequency can be adjusted in the range from 1- 50 GHz and the dimensionality can be adjusted from low (~3) to high (>50) values. We will develop mathematical models that incorporate the detailed characteristics of the device components that are crucial in understanding the high-frequency characteristics of the devices, delineate the nature of the chaotic behavior and how it depends on the device's characteristics, and specify manufacturing parameters. A unique aspect of the proposed devices is that the time scale and "complexity" of the chaotic waveforms can be adjusted over a wide range so their performance can be matched to a variety of applications. Recent progress at Duke University demonstrates the feasibility of controlling chaos in high-bandwidth systems even when the latency is comparable to the characteristic time scales of the chaotic device. Adjustments to our controller allows for controlling different UPOs embedded in the chaotic system, which could be used for symbolic-dynamic-based communication schemes. Such communication schemes possess inherent advantages for efficient use of bandwidth, and feasibility of robust encryption. |
| PHASEBRIDGE, INC.
859 S. Raymond Avenue Pasadena, CA 91105 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 304-7610
Dr. Kunal Kishore Army 03-059 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Compact Submillimeter-Wave Sources and Detectors for Biological and Chemical Spectroscopy |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I project addresses the challenge of minimizing the size, weight and power consumption of a frequency domain THz spectrometer operating in the 0.3THz to 3THz range. Traditional solutions are larger and heavier than necessary since they rely on assembling optical sub-systems by using separately packaged commercial components, or by using general-purpose commercial grade optical mounts. Reducing the size and weight of a THz spectrometer will require advanced assembly techniques that are currently under development at Phasebridge and a small handful of other companies and research groups. This proposal makes the case that the design of the THz spectrometer should be relatively straightforward and can be accomplished in Phase I, and the advanced manufacturing techniques can be introduced in subsequent phases. The challenges in Phase I involve defining the system architecture and identifying the optical and signal processing components that would be part of the compact THz spectrometer system. A successful Phase I will fully establish feasibility of achieving these goals using Phasebridge's hybrid packaging technology. Owing to the mature state of the packaging technology at Phasebridge the prototype for Phase II can be built directly after the successful completion of Phase I. |
| VIRGINIA DIODES, INC.
321 West Main Street Charlottesville, VA 22903 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(434) 297-3257
Dr. David Porterfield Army 03-059 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Compact Submillimeter-Wave Spectrometers for Biological and Chemical Sensing |
| Abstract: | The goal of this proposal is to develop frequency domain terahertz spectrometers for chemical and biological sensing based on compact and reliable all-solid-state components. VDI's novel integration technology allows full waveguide band performance without mechanical tuners as well as unprecedented source power and detector sensivity for room temperature operation. A prototype spectrometer will be developed and tested with precalibrated samples. The spectrometer technology will be shown to be highly compact and portable. |
| SAFETY DYNAMICS
701 Harger Road, First Floor Oak Brook, IL 60523 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(630) 240-1804
Mr. Sandy Biggam Army 03-060 Awarded: 29DEC03 |
| Title: | Personnel Detection and Warning Systems for Perimeter, Ambush, and Casualty Detection. |
| Abstract: | Each sound and odor has a distinct signature which when detected amidst high noise conditions can offer a superior level of protection and knowledge. Over the last six years, the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and DARPA have funded research at University of Southern California and Tufts University Medical School on advanced neural networking algorithms (Dynamic Synapse Neural Network - DSNN) to discriminate voice amid high noise environments; and on detection of buried landmines based upon their vapor phase chemical signature respectively. CogniScent and Safety Dynamics are commercializing the results of the research, and under this SBIR will focus on two major achievements. The first is to identify and design a smart detection around one each representative sound and smell in a battlefield environment; and second, design a mobile, light weight, networked version of the "ears" and "nose" that can be carried into battle by soldiers. |
| KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS RESEARCH, LLC
3857 Birch Street, #618 Newport Beach, CA 92660 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 302-7888
Dr. Zhidong Han Army 03-061 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | INTEGRATED COMPUTATIONAL ALGORITHMS TO TREAT FRACTURE AND FRAGMENTATION: Development of Software, Based on the Truly Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin (M |
| Abstract: | The objective of the proposed research and development is to develop integrated computational algorithms, and attendant software, to treat fracture and fragmentation of brittle as well as ductile materials, using the Meshless Local Petrov Galerkin nmethod, which is a new pardigm in computational mechanics. The object of Phase I is to develop a three-dimensional code based on the MLPG method. The code will be thoroughly validated through simulations of static and dynamic problems for which analytical and other numerical solutions exist. These problems include: The Boussinesq problem; The Eshelby problem; The problem of non-planar three-dimensional fatigue crack growth in an elastic-plastic solid; and The dynamic Hertzian contact problem |
| ADVANCED ELECTROMAGNETICS
4516 Stockbridge Ave NW Albuquerque, NM 87120 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 897-4741
Dr. Edgar Coffey Army 03-062 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Integrated Information Interface for Electromagnetic Modeling and Simulation Tools |
| Abstract: | This work will extend and revise the design of the Computational Electromagnetic Framework to provide graphical user interface and pre- and post-processing capabilities to a variety of computational electromagnetic (CEM) software products for accurate and rapid design and prototyping for a variety of practical real-world DoD electromagnetic problems. Five Framework components are proposed: a model builder in which users describe the geometrical structure and have it translated into EM models; an application builder, in which users construct the "scene" to be simulated, complete with environment, sources, observables, geometries, etc.; a post-processor by which users format, manipulate, and visualize electromagnetic and engineering results, a database into which all models and results are restored and from which they are retrieved; and a Remote Software Management Console, from which a suite of CEM codes - perhaps residing on different computers - can be programmed, executed, and result retrieved. |
| ENTHOUGHT, INC.
515 Congress Avenue, Suite 1614 Austin, TX 78701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 536-1057
Dr. Eric Jones Army 03-062 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Integrated Information Interface for Electromagnetic Modeling and Simulation Tools |
| Abstract: | Recent advances in electromagnetic algorithms such as the Multi-level Fast Multipole Algorithm (MLFMA) provide rigorous and efficient full-wave analysis of arbitrary PEC and dielectric structures with principle dimensions many wavelengths in length. This proposal is to take a suite of such algorithms developed under 6.1 ARO support at Duke University and wrap them in a common user interface that simplifies their use and provides a means for end users to script the user interface as well as underlying algorithms. The scripting interface is a key element that provides a capability sorely lacking in most Graphical User Interface (GUI) based scientific software built today - the ability for end users to extend an application's functionality beyond the features that were embedded by the original developers. This scripting capability will be integrated into an intuitive user interface designed by a team including electromagnetic experts, human-computer interface (HCI) specialists, technical writers, and experienced computer scientists. Together they will integrate state-of-the-art 2d and 3d visualization techniques with the best practices in UI design to deliver an application that supports the aggressive schedule for technology insertion into the Future Combat Systems for the Objective Force. |
| QUANTUM APPLIED SCIENCE & RESEARCH, INC.
5764 Pacific Center Blvd, Suite 107 San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 373-0832
Dr. Robert Matthews Army 03-063 Awarded: 03DEC03 |
| Title: | Remote Neurological Measurement and Sensing |
| Abstract: | This program combines state-of-the-art research into the determination of cognitive state and autonomic arousal with a recent breakthrough in electrophysiologic sensors. The sensor breakthrough enables accurate measurement of bioelectric signals without close contact to the skin, and opens up the possibility of a wearable (e.g. through clothing) sensor suite for operational environments. Additional data from respiration obtained via the Vivometrics "Lifeshirt" system, and conventional galvanic skin response, will be included. The goal of Phase I is to identify sensors combinations that can be used as inputs to algorithms (gauges) to assess cognitive state and cognitive capacity under high stress conditions. In Phase I we will project how well existing methods for determining cognitive state can be expected to work under conditions of high mental and physical stress. We will also measure the level of noise and artifacts when the candidate sensors are used on subjects undergoing high physical stress. In Phase II, a functional prototype including the sensor array and all algorithms will be demonstrated. The target configuration for the Phase II system is a small array of the new bioelectrodes mounted on the inside of a helmet with additional respiration and skin sensors as needed... |
| TIAX LLC
Acorn Park Cambridge, MA 02140 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 498-5773
Mr. Ned Sahin Army 03-063 Awarded: 03DEC03 |
| Title: | SENSORS: System for Evaluating Neurological Stress with Objective and Remote Sensors |
| Abstract: | The primary goal of this work is to develop an objective, wearable and robust medical data sensing and processing system, to remotely assess warfighter stress level and cognitive state. The experience of United States Army and much medical research show that types of neurological stress can greatly impede human performance, thus the Army seeks ways of reducing the cognitive workload on warfighters. During Research Development, Test and Evaluation (RDT&E) exercises, candidate military equipment and systems must be evaluated for how well they inform and facilitate warfighter decision-making during combat situations, and reduce stress and cognitive workload. Currently there is no objective means to evaluate cognitive state, nor therefore a human-machine interface. TIAX, in collaboration with Harvard Medical School and MIT researchers, proposes to research and build a medical sensor array worn by the warfighter during battle or simulation, to broadcast neurological data. Phase I will involve an interactive feasibility study of neurological measures and their supporting methods, followed by a Phase I option for systems integration and data reduction algorithms, leading to a Phase II construction of a system for warfighter use, and spawning Phase III commercialization of derivative products for critical staff monitoring, trucker alertness and lie detection. |
| BOULDER NONLINEAR SYSTEMS, INC.
450 Courtney Way, Unit 107 Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-0077
Mr. Steve Serati Army 03-064 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Liquid-Crystal on Silicon Infrared Scene Projector |
| Abstract: | This proposal outlines the research and development of a novel infrared scene projection system based on Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS) technology. This technology combines the light modulating capabilities of liquid crystal with the compact, active electronics of VLSI circuitry. The result is a mass-producible, inexpensive, compact, low-power, high frame rate device. This proposal addresses the limitations of current visible LCoS-SLM technology in meeting the needs of an IR scene projector, and proposes an approach for the development of a multi-purpose VLSI backplane that is suitable for use in both the visible and IR. When combined with IR appropriate materials, the result is an inexpensive device that is reconfigurable. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Electro-Optics & Holography Division, 20600 Gramer Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Tin Aye Army 03-064 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advanced Visible-to-Infrared Dynamic Projector for Testing Imaging Sensors |
| Abstract: | The Army is seeking development of an electro-optical/infrared projector for simultaneous testing of multiband suites of sensors - - visible, MWIR, FLIR, and LWIR. To meet this Army need, POC proposes to develop a new Advanced Visible-to-Infrared Dynamic (AVID) projector based on deformable surface elements placed over a MEMS chip. This device will project high-spatial-resolution dynamic scenes spanning the spectral range from visible to long wave infrared. The proposed AVID projector will have spatial resolution of 1240 x 1820, spectral bandwidth of 0.4-14 microns and amplitude resolution of 14 bits with variable dynamic range control. It will be flicker free, and sufficiently portable to operate on a mobile platform. The Phase I feasibility of the approach will be proven by simulation, followed by fabrication and testing of a working model. The Phase II prototype will have full functionality. This prototype will be the basis for several products and applications. |
| OPTO-KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS, INC.
4030 Spencer St, Suite 108 Torrance, CA 90503 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 371-4445
Dr. Nahum Gat Army 03-065 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Variable Aperture Cold-Stop for Multiple f-number Optics |
| Abstract: | We propose to implement a simple continuously variable iris mechanism for operation at cryogenic temperatures. The iris is designed to function as a variable cold stop on an existing camera system in use by the Army Test and Evaluation Center (ATEC). The proposed device is based on a similar variable cold stops for SADA and pour-fill dewars that is under development by Opto-Knowledge Systems Inc. (OKSI) (this technology currently has patent pending status). OKSI's has the experience and ability to quickly move beyond the Phase I objectives, as defined by the ATEC solicitation, and begin addressing Phase-II goals in a relatively short amount of time. Under Phase-I we will develop and demonstrate a variable cold-stop for use with an existing camera in use by ATEC. During the Phase-I Option we will implement the variable cold stop in the same camera, and support the Army during a field test use of the new system. Under Phase-II we will address issues such as data collection and transfer rates, as well as, fine tune hardware items such as the optical train. |
| IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
125 Tech Park Drive Rochester, NY 14623 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(585) 424-1990
Dr. Michael Roemer Army 03-066 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Software Agents for Airspace Management and Deconfliction of Networked UAVs |
| Abstract: | Impact Technologies, in collaboration with the Georgia Institute of Technology and Boeing Phantom Works, proposes the development of an agent-based software for airspace management and deconfliction of networked unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) to optimize UAV performance while still assuring stability and robustness concerns. Specifically, this project will consist of 1) Trade studies to identify best methods and technologies for SUAV airspace management and deconfliction using Quality Function Deployment (QFD), Morphological Matrix, Pugh Concept Selection Matrix, and Multi-Attribute Decision Matrix (MADM) techniques; 2) Development of a novel architecture and algorithms for the coordinated control of multiple UAVs whose primary task is to execute critical missions faithfully and reliably while satisfying local survivability conditions; 3) Specification of an integrated software architecture for networked UAV modeling, flight control, contingency management, and mission management design; 4) Integration of intelligent agents and distributed object-based computing using GA Tech's Open Control Platform (OCP) for optimization of the entire networked UAV's operation; and 5) Software demonstration of the developed technology on a UAV swarm under various mission scenarios and with the occurrence of un-planned events. |
| ISX CORP.
760 Paseo Camarillo, Ste. 401 Camarillo, CA 93010 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(678) 581-2000
Mr. David Brackle Army 03-066 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Airspace Management and Deconfliction of Networked UAV |
| Abstract: | ISX Corporation, in cooperation with SRI International, proposes a research effort to develop a UAV Airspace Management System (UAMS). UAMS will use advanced artificial intelligence techniques for airspace plan generation and repair in a network aware communications framework. UAMS will consist of 2 major components. One component, the UAMS Planner, will handle plan generation and monitoring. The other component, the UAMS Information Dissemination Layer (UIDL), will handle coordinating communications necessary for airspace control. The UAMS Planner will implement AI reasoning procedures for Airspace plan generation, monitoring and repair. The UIDL will implement an agent-based framework for intelligent information dissemination based on the DAIDS effort. The UIDL will have the following functions: . Dynamic team formation . Dissemination policy generation. . Communications adaptation. UAMS will use the most advanced AI techniques available in generating, monitoring, and repairing UAV airspace management plans. The quality of the generated plans and the ability to rapidly detect and fix conflicts will allow the highest degree of flexibility in UAV operations possible. It will use a software agent-based intelligent information exchange framework to minimize the amount of bandwidth required for airspace coordination, and will be adaptable to support centralized, distributed, or hybrid control protocols |
| MIDE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
200 Boston Avenue Suite 1000 Medford, MA 02155 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 306-0609
Dr. Carl Blaurock Army 03-067 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | SMA Active Rotor Trim Tab |
| Abstract: | Mid‚ proposes to build an on-blade active trim tab using Shape Memory Alloys. SMAs are active materials that undergo a phase change from martensitic to austenitic form when heated. The materials can be trained to a specific shape in the austenitic phase. When heated, the material will recover the trained shape. Since the modulus in the austenitic phase is relatively high, the force exerted is large. The specific energy in the device is very high, and the form factor is small, since the actuator consists in essence of a wire bundle. The proposed actuator is a self-locking device so that no power is required to hold a trim tab set point, and the failure modes are benign. A fixed-frame control system is used to set tab position, so that the system requires no fixed/rotating frame data transfer. |
| ISX CORP.
760 Paseo Camarillo, Ste. 401 Camarillo, CA 93010 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(678) 581-2000
Mr. David Brackle Army 03-068 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Dismounted Small Unmanned Air Vehicle (SUAV) Associate |
| Abstract: | GUAVA will provide a PDA-based associate system for the dismounted soldier operating a small UAV. This system will augment the soldier in the field to realize a force multiplier benefit through assistance with effective UAV employment. As an associate system for the dismounted soldier, GUAVA will be cognizant of the operator's plans, goals, and situation. In particular, GUAVA will interpret a set of succinct commands such as "cover me" or "search along my route" and translate them into commands for the UAV. GUAVA will also be aware of what kind of tactical data is of the greatest interest to the soldier and will alert him appropriately when it is received. GUAVA will include a suite of agents based on ATL's Autonomy software. These agents will increase the autonomy level of the UAV/PDA GUAVA pair by providing system monitoring, analysis, diagnosis, capability assessment, and mission impact capability. GUAVA will use the Distributed Agent-Based Information Dissemination System (DAIDS) developed by ISX and ATL for AATD. GUAVA will use dissemination policies to determine the priority of tactical data, status messages, and control commands for exchange using the tactical data link. |
| KUTTA CONSULTING, INC.
2525 W. Greenway Road, Suite 332 Phoenix, AZ 85023 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(602) 896-1976
Mr. Douglas Limbaugh Army 03-068 Awarded: 09DEC03 |
| Title: | Dismounted Small Unmanned Air Vehicle (SUAV) Associate |
| Abstract: | Kutta will use a proven methodology, input form an impressive list of partners, and its internal avionics software expertise to define the functions and determine the specifications for an SUAV dismounted associate. The company's iterative rational unified process identifies, rationalizes and details the system's functions. In the first stages of this process, partners' (including the developer of the Rotorcraft Pilots Associate and FCS integrator, The Boeing Company, Army Aviation, Department of Homeland Defense, and local law enforcement) will identify and prioritize potential associate functions. In the second stage, Kutta will rationalize the identified functions using its partners feedback and a risk / benefit analysis. In the third stage, Kutta will detail the selected functions and develop software specifications using its expertise in developing high-reliability certifiable avionics software. In the final stage, Kutta will produce a dismounted associate Software Requirements Specification (SRS) that includes optimum set of "standard" functions, such as waypoint entry, and "novel" functions, such as a real-time video annotation system that stores information about any identified enemy assets on a situational map. The SRS captures design information and lays the groundwork for the UML modeling, software development, and prototype testing needed in Fast Track or Phase 2 efforts. |
| ADVANCED PROJECTS RESEARCH, INC.
1925 McKinley Avenue, Suite B La Verne, CA 91750 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(909) 392-3155
Dr. Thomas Sobota Army 03-069 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Inter-Turbine Burners for Improved Part Power Performance of Turboshaft Engines. |
| Abstract: | he use of an inter-turbine burner for improving the part power performance of small turboshaft engines in proposed. An inter-turbine burner is a second combustor placed between the gas generator exit and the power turbine to "reheat" the engine gas stream before it enters the power turbine. The inter-turbine burner is used to increase engine power at the maximum power setting permitting the core engine to be run closer to its design condition at part power settings. Cycle analysis shows significant improvement in engine power with an accompanying increase in specific fuel consumption at the full power condition. The part power specific fuel consumption improves by significant at power levels below half of the maximum power. This improve specific fuel consumption at part power settings will reduce fuel consumption during the cruise/loiter segments of the UAV mission. Thus there is a net benefit to time-on-station, provided that the cruise/loiter segment is long compared to the take-off and climb segments. The increased specific thrust of the turboshaft engine with an inter-turbine burner results in a lighter engine for the same maximum power. |
| CANDENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
8725 Sturgeon Bay Ln. Indianapolis, IN 46036 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(317) 514-5571
Mr. Emanuel Papandreas Army 03-069 Awarded: 08DEC03 |
| Title: | Advanced High Pressure Ratio Low Cost Turbine Engine |
| Abstract: | Candent Technologies has proposed a high performance small turbine engine capable of achieving significant improvements in specific fuel consumption. By means of a unique configuration, the engine is able to attain improved fuel consumption at part power conditions. The unique configuration, along with an optimized thermodynamic cycle, also promises to reduce the cost, overall weight and size of the engine. The ratings, performance characteristics, and physical size of the engine make it ideally suited for a wide range of both military and commercial applications. The Phase I program performs the preliminary design of a demonstrator engine, with the Phase II program producing a concept demonstrator prototype. |
| MONTEREY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
24600 Silver Cloud Court, Suite 103 Monterey, CA 93940 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 697-7930
Mr. Thomas Sharkey Army 03-070 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Merging Sensor and Stored Terrain Database Data for Rotorcraft Poor Visibility Weather Operations |
| Abstract: | A joint venture team consisting of three small businesses, Monterey Technologies, Inc. (MTI), Nav3D, and AIREYES, will perform this work. The ultimate goal of the team is to produce a functional, Integrated Multi-sensor Synthetic Imagery System (IMSIS) that merges information from radar, IR, and other sensors and a terrain data base to produce a synthetic image of the scene on a panel-mounted display. The inclusion of real-time radar and other sensor information in the IMSIS display compensates for the inability of a Synthetic Vision Systems (SVS) to display detailed, current obstacle information relevant to Army helicopter operations, e.g., trees and wires, recent battle debris. The Phase I work will produce one or more animated displays illustrating the IMSIS display design to demonstrate the capability to present, and the effectiveness of, imagery from merged sensor and terrain database information. The design goal is a rotorcraft display to allow the pilot to easily interpret and avoid flight path obstacles while maintaining overall awareness of the aircraft and the environment in currently unflyable visibility conditions. Avoiding SVS perceptual capture is another design goal. The team has already produced displays that combine fuse sensor information and synthetic terrain imagery for fixed wing operations. |
| ACELLENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
155C-3 Moffett Park Drive Sunnyvale, CA 94089 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 745-1188
Dr. Shawn Beard Army 03-071 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Fatigue crack detection using built-in Sensor Cluster Network |
| Abstract: | The performance and behavior characteristics of nearly all in-service structures can be affected by degradation resulting from sustained use as well as from exposure to severe environmental conditions. Condition awareness of structures in (near) real-time is therefore an important factor that can limit or extend their service life. Acellent Technologies proposes to develop an innovative one-of-a-kind system that will combine Acellent's current single-element SMART Layer actuator/sensor network together with multi-element phased arrays to produce a Sensor Cluster Network that has been geometrically optimized to (a) Quantitatively assess structural damage such as cracks due to fatigue, (b) Identify damage in inaccessible areas of rotorcraft structures, (c) Characterize damage growth, and (d) Provide an image of the damage size and orientation. The basis for the development will be Acellent's SMART Layer technology that utilizes a network of distributed transducers that are integrated with the structure itself and serve as sources for acousto-ultrasonic structural data. The technology in its current form can be used to identify damage location and extent and the utilization of geometrically optimized sensor/actuator clusters can further enhance the use of the methodology and improve the resolution of damage detection such that small linear fatigue cracks can be easily detected. |
| GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY CONNECTION, INC.
2839 Paces Ferry Rd. Suite 1160 Atlanta, GA 30339 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 803-3001
Dr. Ash Thakker Army 03-072 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Self-Healing Composite Structures |
| Abstract: | An innovative approach to self-healing composite fabrication is proposed by Global Technology Connection along with its project team from Georgia Tech, Texas A & M and industrial partners Bell Helicopters, Boeing Rocketdyne, Goodyear. The approach addresses the short-comings of current approaches namely low strength of the healed material especially following any impact damage and fatigue-induced damage. Achieving this objective will enhance Army readiness, increase safety, and reduce maintenance labor, time, and cost. In Phase I, concept for developing a new composite with self-healing capability will be demonstrated in concert with US Army Aviation. The feasibility of such an approach will be demonstrated with suitable coupon and sub-element test specimens. The transition plan for the prototype development along with scale up issues will be fully addressed. In phase II, more extensive testing of sub-element and component testing representative of actual rotorcraft part/environment will be undertaken by partnering with US Army rotorcraft prime contractor. This testing would validate the methodology, developed in the previous phase. The demonstrated technology will meet Rotary Wing Vehicle Technology Development Approach (RWV TDA) Phase 3 Technology Objectives for improved structural efficiency and affordability |
| TECHNOVA CORP.
1232 Mizzen Drive Okemos, MI 48864 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(517) 485-9583
Dr. Habibur Chowdhury Army 03-072 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Self-Healing Composite Structures |
| Abstract: | The main thrust of the proposed research is to develop a novel fiber coating system which builds self-healing attributes into fiber reinforced composites. The new fiber coating is a layered composite of piezoelectric and solid electrolyte constituents. The piezoelectric layer generates electric potential in response to fiber stress rise in damaged areas. This potential drives electrochemical processes in the context of the solid electrolyte layer, which transport structural substance towards highly stressed (damaged) areas where they would be electrodeposited to render self-healing effects. The structural substance rendering self-healing effects comprises metallic nanoparticles dispersed within the solid electrolyte layer. The system essentially converts the mechanical energy input of service environment (which concentrates in damaged areas) to electrical energy for driving the self-healing process. Self-healing is an intrinsic attribute of this system, with piezoelectricity providing for both sensing and actuation effects, and concentration of stresses in damaged areas yielding an inherent control of the self-healing phenomenon. We have conducted fundamental theoretical studies to validate the following key hypotheses of our approach: (1) piezoelectricity can generate the potential needed to drive electrolysis phenomena within solid electrolytes; (2) conversion of mechanical to electrical energy by piezoelectric effect can generate the charge needed to transfer structural substance at viable rates; and (3) increased concentration of metal nanoparticles within polymer-based coatings can make meaningful contributions to the mechanical performance of fibers, thereby strengthening damaged areas of fiber composites. Our approach focuses on enhancing the mechanical performance of fibers (in lieu of the matrix) in damaged areas, recognizing the critical contributions of fibers to mechanical performance of composites. The proposed Phase I (and Phase I Option) research will establish an analytical framework for design of self-healing composites, and will experimentally validate the fundamental principles of the approach through establishment of processing methodologies, and design, fabrication and experimental verification of basic self-healing composites embodying our principles. A multi-disciplinary team of top industrial and university researchers with specialties in the fields of composites, piezoelectricity and solid electrolytes has been assembled to conduct the proposed research. |
| MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
57 MARYANNE DRIVE MONROE, CT 06468 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 874-3100
Dr. Yogesh Mehrotra Army 03-073 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | SMART SNUBBER/DAMPER FOR FIVE FOLD INCREASE IN DAMPING OF BEARINGLESS MAIN ROTOR BLADES |
| Abstract: | Snubber/damper damping performance is severely limited by component size and load constraints yielding insufficient RLM damping. Solutions using existing technology lead to excessive snubber damper size and weight to accommodate all operating conditions. Also, current snubber/damper designs are not sufficiently reliable and have limited life. High damping is required for stabilizing ground and air-resonance (rotating frequency of interest typically 0.3-0.7P). However, simply increasing the damping of snubber/dampers designs will also increases the 1P lead-lag associated loads and reduce related component lives One solution to the above problem would be to design a .smart" snubber-damper that takes advantage of the superimposed 1P motions by producing damping forces that oppose Ÿ‡lag motions but produce zero or low force when the net damper loads are not favorable for suppressing Ÿ‡lag motions. This is not possible using conventional passive dampers because passive elements like relief valves, orifices, produce forces that oppose the net velocity even if the resulting force excites the regressive lag mode! The new active concept arises from the recognition that the net damper force, i.e. from the combined Ÿ‡lag and 1P motions, often produces forces that can be advantageously used to suppress Ÿ‡lag response, thus converting a chronic difficulty in damper technology, unwanted 1P motions, into a benefit. The proposed concept relies upon two actions: 1) Minimizing the net damper force when it is in the same direction as the Ÿ‡lag velocity. This avoids adding energy to the Ÿ‡lag mode. This would be done by selectively opening a controlled valve to equalize the pressure in the damper chambers thus not allowing pressures to build. 2) Maximizing the net damper force when it opposes the Ÿ‡lag velocity. This would extract energy from the Ÿ‡lag mode. This would be done by selectively closing a controlled valve to maximize the damper load. |
| TECHNO-SCIENCES, INC.
10001 Derekwood Lane, Suite 204 Lanham, MD 20706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 577-6000
Dr. Peter Chen Army 03-073 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Advanced Snubber/Damper for Bearingless Helicopter Main Rotor Blades |
| Abstract: | Techno-Sciences, Inc. (TSi), in collaboration with the Smart Structures Laboratory of the Alfred Gessow Rotorcraft Center at the University of Maryland, propose to develop a semi-active Magnetorheological Fluid-Elastic (MRFE) snubber damper utilizing a low-cost, fully controllable magnetorheological damper in an existing elastomeric snubber/damper. The MRFE snubber/damper will increase flexbeam life, extend the stability envelope for air resonance, and extend damper life. The MRFE snubber/damper system will augment damping inflight only when required as commanded by the controller. To enable retro-fit to existing rotor systems, the electrical power required to operate the actuator will be drawn from the DC power bus supplying the main rotor de-icing system. |
| IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
125 Tech Park Drive Rochester, NY 14623 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(585) 424-1990
Dr. Michael Roemer Army 03-074 Awarded: 04DEC03 |
| Title: | An Affordable Health and Usage Monitoring System (HUMS) for UAVs |
| Abstract: | Impact Technologies, in collaboration with Lord Corporation and the Georgia Institute of Technology, propose to develop an affordable/miniaturized health and usage monitoring system (HUMS) for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Based upon the unique requirements of UAVs, an innovative hardware/software solution will be developed and demonstrated that includes embedding advanced vehicle health management algorithms for anomaly detection, fault classification and prediction into a low-cost, aerospace-certified digital signal processing (DSP) based hardware platform. All critical parameters related to UAV performance and mechanical health will be monitored including aero-thermal flight parameters, propulsion system information, structural/vibrations and vehicle subsystem performance data to address condition-based maintenance activities that are required to ensure UAV mission success. Key UAV subsystems including the gas turbine engine, drive train (shaft/clutch), fan, louvers, actuators (fight control) and avionics will be monitored by the proposed system. The proposed UAV-HUMS will continuously assess and track the health of all critical UAV subsystems using a combination of anomaly detection and diagnostic reasoning software that can communicate the health status of the vehicle through a low-bandwidth air-to-ground link. The anomaly detection software will implement proven signal processing and automatic signal feature extraction techniques that are capable of identifying abnormal system behavior and reporting it to the diagnostic reasoning software. The diagnostic reasoning modules will utilize a combination of fuzzy reasoning and robust fault classifiers such as neural networks and support vector machines to obtain the fault diagnosis of the UAV. The development and integration of advanced diagnostic and prognostic algorithms into a real-time health monitoring system is expected to improve UAV mission success rates and positively impact total ownership costs. The proposed Phase I development includes a hardware/software demonstration of the next generation UAV-HUMS including embedded anomaly detection and diagnostic reasoning algorithms, DSP hardware specification and an on-board/off-board design trade study. This work will leverage Impact's existing expertise in air vehicle prognostic health management systems, Lord's expertise in flight-qualified electronics hardware and Georgia Tech's helicopter UAV test bed. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Dr. Michael Dingus Army 03-075 Awarded: 03DEC03 |
| Title: | Composite Fastener Development |
| Abstract: | Composite materials offer excellent specific strength and specific stiffness advantages over metals for flat panels such as aircraft control surfaces and aerostructure that are stressed in two dimensions only. Fastener materials, however, typically are stressed in three dimensions, so isotropic metal fasteners are universally better structurally than composite fasteners. Unfortunately, metal fasteners are incompatible with composite aerostructure in terms of conductivity, hardness, strength, radar signature, and density. TRI/Austin proposes to incorporate state-of-the-art composite fastener technology into addressing the needs of the Army's Comanche program to capitalize on the compatibility of composite fasteners with composite aerostructure while ensuring the lack of high isotropic material strength is addressed through novel design. TRI/Austin has expertise in the areas of testing, materials research and development, tooling, and manufacturing to develop fully functional composite fasteners. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Dr. Dave Marchant Army 03-075 Awarded: 03DEC03 |
| Title: | Hybrid Composite Fasteners for Aviation and Vehicle Use (1000-350) |
| Abstract: | Triton Systems Inc. (TSI) proposes a revolutionary combination of material, process and configuration innovations enabling a new generation of composite fasteners having the tensile and shear capability today's UNJF-3A titanium fasteners yet meeting critical LO, clamping force, durability and weight reduction needs specific to Army needs. TSI fasteners can be made using composite engineered materials such as reinforced polymer matrix composites (PMC) or as ceramic matrix (CMC) or metal matrix (MMC) composite. TSI's hybrid materials also allow fastener design as functionally graded polymer / metal and metal / ceramic composites (PMMC and MCMCT). These engineered materials use similar low cost forming and processing technologies. In design discussions with aircraft and vehicle team integrators, Army systems such as the RAH-66 Comanche and family of FCS land & aero vehicles require fasteners allowing connection of composite parts to other structure elements. TSI's innovative approach(s) will reduce un-wanted effects with metallic fasteners including galvanic corrosion, damage to composite materials during assembly (excessive clamping forces) and during dis-assembly and fastener loosing under high vibration and cyclic usage. Finally, by design TSI's fasteners can reduce parasitic weight by replacing heavier metallics with lightweight composites yielding structural weight reduction while providing enhance survivability from radar detection. |
| FLOW ANALYSIS, INC.
256 93rd Street Brooklyn, NY 11209 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(931) 649-5684
Mr. William Dietz Army 03-077 Awarded: 08DEC03 |
| Title: | Analysis, Design & Test of Low Reynolds Number Rotors and Propellers |
| Abstract: | The successful development of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) has allowed aeronautical design to proceed without the limitations that are inherent to manned vehicles. As a result, extremely small UAVs are currently under development, including both aircraft and rotorcraft. Also, UAVs are being designed to work at extremely high altitudes, or in extraterrestrial environments with extremely thin atmospheres, such as Mars. UAVs that are small in size or operate in extremely low-density environments experience much lower Reynolds numbers than do conventional aircraft. Since aeronautical CFD has been mostly concentrated on high-Reynolds-number flows, the aerodynamics and computational simulation at low Reynolds numbers are poorly understood. These flows may exhibit combinations of laminar, transitioning, and fully turbulent flows (and may include compressibility effects) that present challenges to both experimental and computational disciplines. A practical analysis and design tool is proposed for three-dimensional low-Reynolds-number flows. The approach is based on vorticity confinement, a CFD approach that allows viscous effects to be modeled with relatively coarse grids and low computational requirements. Vorticity confinement allows vortical structures, such as separating boundary layers, to persist and be convected in a physically consistent manner. This effort extends the vorticity confinement approach to the low-Reynolds-number flow regime. |
| DEFORMATION CONTROL TECHNOLOGY, INC.
7261 Engle Road, Suite 105 Cleveland, OH 44130 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(440) 234-8477
Dr. B. Ferguson Army 03-078 Awarded: 09DEC03 |
| Title: | High Strength, Affordable Helicopter Gears |
| Abstract: | The Army's Rotorcraft Force Modernization Fleet requires a substantial increase in main gearbox power density, with minimal impact on the gearbox interface. Instead of increasing gearbox size and transmission weight, this project seeks to accommodate the higher power density requirements through designed material processing techniques, integrating several state-of-the-art manufacturing processes to specifically improve the gear material contact and bending fatigue strengths. In Phase I, a novel heat treating method called "Intensive Quenching", as well as superfinishing will be investigated to determine the feasibility of improving the bending fatigue life of the Pyrowear 53 steel by at least 25% over conventional processing. |
| QUESTEK INNOVATIONS LLC
1820 Ridge Avenue Evanston, IL 60201 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(847) 425-8214
Dr. Frode Stavehaug Army 03-078 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | High Strength, Affordable Helicopter Gears |
| Abstract: | The Army's SBIR Phase I solicitation seeks to demonstrate the potential for improved bending and contact fatigue strength of gear alloys for increasing the power density of main helicopter gearboxes. QuesTek Innovations proposes to utilize advances in gear steel technology and surface treatment processes to address these objectives. It is possible to improve gear performance through both advanced materials and surface treatments. QuesTek will evaluate laser shock peening as an improvement to traditional shot peening to increase bending and contact fatigue strength for test coupons of conventional Pyrowear 53. Additionally, advanced gear steel test coupons of GearMetO C61 and GearMetO C69 will be evaluated as superior alternatives to Pyrowear 53. Material improvement and an optimal surface treatment will allow for an increase in fatigue strength and a subsequent increase in gearbox power density. QuesTek will team with Bell Helicopter to evaluate the potential benefits of incorporating laser peening of Pyrowear 53 and to additionally evaluate GearMet C61 and C69 for both military and commercial helicopter gear systems. Results of Phase I coupon tests will be used to establish the feasibility that Phase II gearbox testing has a significant probability of achieving a 25% improvement in bending and contact fatigue. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
7519 Standish Place, Suite 200 Rockville, MD 20855 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 294-5235
Dr. Donald Myers Army 03-079 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | LED-based Inertial Reference System for Aviator Helmets |
| Abstract: | Intelligent Automation, Inc. (IAI) propose to develop a robust, high-speed, high-accuracy helmet-tracking system for use in the Comanche helicopter. Current systems have numerous problems, such as requiring recalibration whenever the cockpit environment changes, time-consuming mapping of the cockpit, and the inability to process data in real-time. Our proposed system uses a number of photosensitive detectors (PSDs) to look at a known pattern of dots on the helmet to determine position and orientation of the helmet in all six degrees of freedom. Using an algorithm we have developed that is capable of calculating absolute position from the image of the dots, we can build a robust system with accuracy and refresh rates that are over two orders of magnitude better than the requirements. We have extended the algorithm so that any given PSD does not have to see all of the LEDs. This redundancy enhances the robustness and accuracy of the system. During Phase I, we will demonstrate the feasibility of using PSDs and LEDs for helmet tracking through high-level design, simulation, and experiments. As a Phase I Option, we propose to conduct initial testing in a cockpit using an actual helmet to verify system performance. |
| INTERSENSE, INC.
1 North Avenue Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 270-0090
Mr. Eric Foxlin Army 03-079 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Cockpit Helmet Tracking System Using Miniature Inertial Reference Sensors |
| Abstract: | InterSense has previously developed ultra-miniature (0.6 in.3) MEMS-based InertiaCubeT inertial measurement units for human motion tracking. In this SBIR, we will further miniaturize and apply them to cockpit helmet-tracking by developing integration and Kalman filtering algorithms for differential inertial tracking between helmet-mounted and aircraft-mounted inertial sensors, and novel optical drift correction techniques. By fusing low-rate inside-out and outside-in optical measurements with high-rate inertial data, we will achieve sub-millimeter position accuracy and sub-milliradian angular accuracy, low-latency and high robustness using small and inexpensive sensors. During Phase 1 we will produce a prototype tracking system suitable for flight testing and explore four innovative techniques to produce a revolutionary advance in cockpit helmet tracking. We will prove the differential inertial tracking approach with a working prototype, evaluate the relative benefits and trade-offs of inside-outside-in v. outside-in optical aiding approaches, define powerful estimation-theoretic auto-calibration and auto-boresight procedures to achieve quick and accurate cockpit installation and pre-flight alignment, explore using direct high-bandwidth feedback from the inertial sensors to image-shifting optics to cancel display vibration, identify suitable optical wavelengths for covert operation, and develop a plan to miniaturize and harden the inertial and vision sensors in Phase 2. |
| FIRST RF CORP.
1200 28th Street, Suite 302 Boulder, CO 80303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 449-5211
Mr. Farzin Lalezari Army 03-080 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | Small Multi-decade Communications and Electronic Warfare (EW) Antenna |
| Abstract: | The RF bandwidth from 20 MHz to 2000 MHz is of particular interest to the US Army as it encompasses various communications, sensors, and electronic countermeasure systems. Developing a small antenna with 100:1 bandwidth would resolve many problems associated with multiple individual antennas including co-site interference, blockage, and overall real estate availability. The proposed baseline antenna design will provide improvement in size and performance well beyond the stated goals of this solicitation. The baseline approach will provide a lightweight passive antenna that is broadband and non-tunable and will cover frequencies from approximately 20 MHz to 2000 MHz. Reactive tuning techniques will significantly reduce the size of the antenna and innovative antenna apertures will minimize the interaction with vehicle mounts to improve low angle performance. Overall, FIRST RF has an in-depth understanding of the problem and its application. The proposed approach will directly meet the intended requirements of the SBIR program, as well, as being directly applicable to solving current problems in communications and EW antennas. We intend to model and prototype several antenna candidates as part of Phase I, thereby, enabling US Army and contractors to perform evaluation on early units. |
| ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
9971 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 829-5864
Dr. Maher Kaddoura Army 03-081 Awarded: 18DEC03 |
| Title: | Scalable and Robust Blockage Mitigation Techniques for On-the-Move Satellite Communications |
| Abstract: | Satellite communications (SATCOM) are integral part of both military and civilian communication infrastructures. Applications are being developed that require satellite communications support for mobile satellite terminals. However, both urban and rural terrain present many obstacles that block satellite signals and interrupt voice, video and data transmissions for moving military tactical vehicles and civilian vehicles. To address this real barrier to effective communication, military and civilian satellite terminals need scalable and robust mechanisms to ensure that voice, video and data communications are received correctly and in their entirety despite interruptions during transmission due to blockage caused by obstacles. This needs to be accomplished without using excessive amounts of limited SATCOM bandwidth. Leveraging extensive experience in wireless network technology, Architecture Technology Corp (ATC) will develop a system that provides blockage mitigation techniques for networks of on-the-move satellite terminals. The system will maintain the QoS requirements of multimedia flows despite satellite signal blockages. |
| FANTASTIC DATA LLC
207 Prospect Avenue San Francisco, CA 94110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(415) 643-9555
Mr. Thomas Hammel Army 03-081 Awarded: 08JAN04 |
| Title: | Blockage Mitigation Techniques for On-the-Move Satellite Communications |
| Abstract: | The primary objective of Phase 1 of the proposed project is to design a ground-based protocol to provide reliable and efficient communication services by overcoming the problems associated with fading and blockage by terrain obstacles. The protocol will address both voice and data communication. In particular, the protocol must overcome the low and variable quality of service offered on mobile satellite links and provide reliable and timely indicators of link availability and quality to the users. Seamless communication service is desired as the users move through varied terrain. The protocol will use techniques such as data compression, forward error correction, acknowledgement and retransmission protocol, instantaneous rerouting, caching, and proxies to achieve this goal. |
| ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
9971 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 829-5864
Mr. Jason Judt Army 03-082 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | CompreX - XML Compression Utility |
| Abstract: | Architecture Technology Corporation (ATC) will design, develop, and demonstrate an application-independent XML compression/decompression service to be known as CompreX (pronounced "com - prex"). CompreX will efficiently compress and decompress XML documents and data, in"near real-time", allowing these documents and data to be more efficiently transmitted over a network. |
| UTOPIACOMPRESSION, CORP.
11150 Olympic Blvd., Suite 1020 Los Angeles, CA 90064 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 473-1500
Dr. Michael Baer Army 03-082 Awarded: 25NOV03 |
| Title: | Extensible Markup Language (XML) Compression Tool |
| Abstract: | XML is becoming the dominant means of universally communicating data designed to be processed by machines in networks, much the same way as HTML has become the dominant means of communicating data designed to be processed by human beings. However, like HTML, the human-readable source format of XML leads to large files with many redundancies. Therefore, although universal, XML documents are not the most efficient way to transmit and store data. In the field, such efficient transmission and storage is vital to the data-gathering effectiveness of a unit. Because the XML format is universal, it cannot be abandoned, thus making XML compression necessary. This project consists of the following objectives designed to achieve efficient XML compression. Firstly, design and develop a novel and efficient XML compressor (and decoder) based on context analysis and machine learning. Secondly, design and develop a preliminary codec using this compressor/decoder that will in addition compress any still or video imagery that might be included in the XML data stream. The anticipated result of this Phase I research is (1) the design of a superior intelligence-based, adaptive XML compression method and associated algorithms (2) the development of a preliminary XML compression tool based on the algorithms designed. The feasibility of this nascent compressor will be demonstrated and performance will be scientifically extrapolated in order predict the efficiency of the compressor to be developed in Phase II. |
| APPLIED VISIONS, INC.
6 Bayview Avenue Northport, NY 11768 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(631) 754-4920
Mr. Ken Doris Army 03-083 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Applying Gaming Technology to Military Visualization - Games where You Only Live Once! |
| Abstract: | Applied Visions, Inc.(AVI) proposes to design a flexible, extensible application program inter-face (API) to commercial game engines that will provide Military Commanders, in a collaborative environment, with high-quality 3D visualization of the outputs of current and emerging C2 applications. Our approach is to attack the problem from two aspects: a) to harness the power of the gaming engine without invoking features, which while vital to success in game products, result in false or misleading information in a C2 environment, and b) to extend the game engines abilities to in-clude more accurate physical modeling, including elements of the non-visual spectrum (e.g. IR & RF) which are an integral part of the FCS (Future Combat Systems) architecture and will add vital, mission-related information to the Commander's visualizations Combining AVI's extensive experience in 3D visualization and military simulation with the Gaming Engine expertise of our consultant, Dr. David Sturman, our Phase I effort will be de-voted to defining the key requirements of the systems architecture, designing the API and imple-menting an early prototype to demonstrate core features of the full system. Our Phase II effort will refine the architecture, upgrade the prototype and integrate it with emerging Future Combat Systems (FCS) C2 applications. |
| CG2, INC.
1525 Perimeter Parkway, Suite 325 Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 842-9567
Mr. Dennis Bunfield Army 03-083 Awarded: 23DEC03 |
| Title: | Military 3-D Visualization Utilizing Gaming Technology |
| Abstract: | In support of Future Combat Systems (FCS), the U.S. Army is seeking to develop a solution that will allow the state-of-the-art in gaming technology to be integrated seamlessly into a planned military Command and control (C2) facility. This initiative will support C2 applications such as the Commander's support Environment, Combined Arms Planning and Execution Systems and the DaVinci Toolkit. In an effort to present a visual representation of the current simulation state of the C2 applications, a standard application programming interface (API) to the visualization component is necessary. However, existing applications provide data in various formats each unique to the application. CG2 proposes to develop the "Constructive Game Engine Abstraction Library" (conGEAL) API. This standardized API will work with C2 data models, XML Schema and DTD, as well as support NIMA maps and imagery and take live feeds from FCS military planning tools, in a networked environment. Work performed during this Phase I effort will include the investigation of existing game engine technologies and explore the integration of the game engines into the C2 environment via the conGEAL API. All aspects of the proposed conGEAL API will be investigated and recommendations made to ensure a successful completion of a prototype API in Phase II. |
| LITHIUM TECHNOLOGY CORP.
5115 Campus Drive Plymouth Meeting, PA 19462 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 940-6090
Mr. Ron Turi Army 03-084 Awarded: 31DEC03 |
| Title: | Ultrafast Charging of Smart Lithium Ion Rechargeable Battery Hybrid Power Sources |
| Abstract: | To meet ultrafast charging requirements for the LI7 land warrior battery, we propose building a large format, high power lithium ion battery using the high rate technology that already exists and is available from Lithium Technology Corporation. This battery will not only discharge quickly to provide the rapid recharge of the LI7 units, but will itself be capable of recharging quickly from another power supply. Initially, we will quantify energy storage and heat generation for a variety of charging and discharging protocols at the single cell level - both 9Ah and 27Ah - all within 30 minute duration. From these tests, we will select protocols that offer the highest specific energy actually stored in the LI7 units in 30 minutes and test them using full scale 4S large batteries and 4S4P arrays of 18650s. Last, we will recommend power electronics to condition the voltage and current output based on the outcome of the full battery tests. Also, a Phase I Option is recommended to scale-up the best effort results from Phase I. A portion of this work will be subcontracted to PennState Future Truck group. Lithium Technology Corporation will perform over 67% of this work in its Plymouth Meeting, PA facility. |
| MATERIALS & ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH (MER) CORP.
7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 574-1980
Dr. Sohrab Hossain Army 03-084 Awarded: 03DEC03 |
| Title: | Developement of a lithium-ion battery that can function as an ultra fast charger to recharge L17 land warior battery |
| Abstract: | The need for a safe, portable battery that can be used as a charger to recharge small lithium-ion batteries such as L17 land warrior battery is recognized. The proposed project addresses to investigate the feasibility of defining the design and dimension of such charger battery A novel electrochemical couple is proposed for the development of a safe high specific energy lithium-ion battery system, which provides enhanced safety and can function as a charger. The proposed anode material, which delivers 50% higher practical capacity than the state-of-the-art carbon anode materials, will be used to address the safety issues. A single cell of the proposed charger battery will be developed and evaluated the performance demonstrate the proof-of-concept. |
| EIC LABORATORIES, INC.
111 Downey Street Norwood, MA 02062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 769-9450
Dr. Dharmasena Peramunage Army 03-085 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Lithium-Air Battery Technology |
| Abstract: | The Li-air polymer battery offers the potential of extremely high specific energy of greater than 500 Wh/kg. Cell performance is determined primarily by the cathode, which controls the capacity and to a large degree also cell polarization. Therefore, the development and characterization of improved, efficient cathode structures and polymer electrolytes is proposed. The performance of the new components will be demonstrated in complete thin layer pouch cells. |
| YARDNEY TECHNICAL PRODUCTS, INC.
82 Mechanic Street Pawcatuck, CT 06379 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 599-1100
Dr. Arthur Dobley Army 03-085 Awarded: 16DEC04 |
| Title: | Lithium-Air Technology |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will advance the lithium air battery with improved rate of discharge, capacity, and water repulsion. Specifically the project advances lithium air batteries by focusing on increased oxygen diffusion in the porous carbon electrode by the use of oxygen transport molecules in the electrolyte. Typical problems of metal air batteries are low oxygen diffusion rates and water contamination. By enhancing the electrolyte with oxygen transport molecules and using a non-aqueous proprietary thin film composite polymer electrolyte, the battery system will greatly improve in both of these aspects. The oxygen transport molecules will increase the amount of dissolved oxygen carried by the electrolyte in the porous air cathode. This will increase the rate of discharge and the capacity by distributing the oxygen throughout the pores of the cathode. We propose to increase the oxygen diffusion rate of the cathode structure by investigating different oxygen transport molecules in combination with several electrolyte compositions. Yardney's experience and technologies in the metal-air power sources will be adopted in the design of the new advanced Li-Air battery. Advantages of the proposed lithium air battery include a high energy density, safe design, environmentally friendly components, and increased oxygen diffusion. |
| COUGAAR SOFTWARE, INC.
9401 Mathy Drive, Suite 360 Fairfax, VA 22031 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 764-7000
Dr. Todd Carrico Army 03-086 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Agent-based Commanders Portal Technology |
| Abstract: | The Agent-based Commander's Portal Technology (CPT) concept is to provide an environment for the operational commander or action officer to manage their activities and mission information while maintaining a shared situational understanding. This is achieved by building application components on top of an agent-based workspace technology actively under development by Cougaar Software. This technology is based on the Cognitive Agent Architecture (Cougaar), the result of a $100M DARPA program. The core concept of CPT is to have panel agents behind each application component, and another agent responsible for the overall task-oriented application. These application agents coordinate over shared workflows and shared representations of the relevant situation. Other agents are responsible for interfacing with external data sources and collaborating with other agent-based interface environments. Together, all the agent environments share and maintain a common operational picture, even though each agent community supporting an operator's interface environment is only responsible for pieces of the larger situation. An Agent-based Commander's Portal would provide the commander or operator with dynamic information management, task-centric information display, intelligent automation, workflow-based collaboration and innovative agent-based application components. |
| COGNISPHERE, INC.
P.O. Box 2591 West Chester, PA 19380 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 895-2220
Dr. Alexander Meystel Army 03-087 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Using Cognitive Systems in Generation of Course of Action |
| Abstract: | This proposal will increase the efficiency of knowledge processing and decision making by the Objective Force by providing the warfighter with the software for supporting the process of developing the Course of Action (COA). The processing time will be reduced by more than an order of magnitude and the quality of the results will satisfy the highest standards of the quality achievable in automated decision making processes. Automated processing of data referenced in multiple documents is required for the Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield process. The decision aids based upon COA are required for mission planning, activities simulation, and plan execution in the battlefield. COA combines geographic data with detailed descriptions that should be processed automatically. As a result of this research new technologies will be developed reducing required computations resources and efficiently utilizing knowledge of natural and man-made features. COA-based decision aids should be developed for multiple DOD elements with the goal to improve their integration and consistency of functioning. We employ new tools that allow for supporting nested and visualization tools helping to integrate descriptive, topographical and pictorial elevation information into a multiresolutional knowledge and data representation, thus forming a knowledge repository. |
| STILMAN ADVANCED STRATEGIES
1623 Blake Street, #200 Denver, CO 80202 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 490-2701
Dr. Vlad Yakhnis Army 03-087 Awarded: 25NOV03 |
| Title: | Linguistic Geometry Intelligent Nodes for COA Generation and Analysis |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop and demonstrate a new approach to rapidly conceptualize and prioritize information vital to Objective Warrior (OW). The approach is based on Linguistic Geometry (LG), a mathematical theory for strategic superiority discovery. The most significant advantages of the LG approach are modeling of the intelligent enemy and extraordinarily fast automatic generation of best strategies, tactics and COA for all the sides of a conflict. We will also develop LG based semantics for BML as well as LG based architecture for intelligent nodes (IN) to generate and analyze COA options. Utilizing these semantics and architecture, we will develop operational specs for a software prototype of LG-CHALLENGER representing the COA generating and analyzing engine of the IN capable to understand and assign semantics to BML sentences. In addition, utilizing our proprietary software LG-FRAMEWORK as well as our existing prototypes for IAD (integrated Air defenses), SEAD missions, and effect-based operations (EBO), we will develop experiments illustrating feasibility of LG-CHALLENGER. With LG-CHALLENGER, an OW will be able, using convenient LG templates, to map the entire operational battlespaces into LG hypergames providing intuitively clear common operational picture (COP). The OW will employ LG-CHALLENGER to obtain COA options that will allow the OW to plan and execute future warfare missions including IAD, EBO, Joint, asymmetric, and humanitarian relief operations. The LG-CHALLENGER engine will communicate with the information carrying cells via BML, and with the OW via BML and human-centric GUI. |
| LANGUAGE WEAVER, INC.
4640 Admiralty Way, Suite 423 Marina del Rey, CA 90292 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 437-7300
Mr. Alex Fraser Army 03-088 Awarded: 02DEC03 |
| Title: | Near-Real Time Tactical Automated Machine Translation Technology(N-TAMTT) |
| Abstract: | Recent DARPA-sponsored MT evaluations showed that phrase-based statistical MT systems derived through automatic training on very large corpora achieve the highest translation quality for both generalized and specialized texts. Intuitively, syntax, morphology, and semantics should help; however, rule-based systems that incorporate such knowledge are not yet able to beat the best statistical systems. We propose the following plan for incorporating richer linguistic knowledge into the translation process: . Start from a good baseline: the best A2E machine translation system in the world (as evaluated by NIST). . Devise experiments to determine major sources of error in the system (E.g.: verb agreement; morphological errors; contextual errors) . Assess the impact that solving these problems may have on translation quality. This is done by measuring the increase in BLEU score when a problem is fixed. Assess how our current system should be enriched to deal with each of these problems. . Rank-list the problems in order of impact on translation quality and feasibility of addressing them using richer linguistic knowledge (morphology, syntax, semantics, context). . Devise solutions for solving these problems in turn and incorporate the solutions into an end-to-end system |
| STREAMSAGE
1202 Delafield Place, NW Washington, DC 20011 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(202) 722-2440
Ms. Evelyne Tzoukermann Army 03-088 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Near-Real Time Arabic/English Machine Translation by Integrated Statistical and Linguistic Learning Methods |
| Abstract: | StreamSage proposes an approach to the automatic translation of Arabic and Arabic dialect texts to and from English that significantly extends the state-of-the-art in regards to the integration of statistical and traditional machine translation techniques. This research will greatly increase translation accuracy while decreasing the need for domain-specific training. The proposed near real time translation system will use automatically induced transfer rules between English and Arabic syntactic structures that have been statistically trained on a feature set that is of unprecedented sophistication. This feature set will be automatically generated through the use of tools that have not before been applied to Arabic machine translation, such as language-wide noun and verb sense disambiguation, a TAG-Based Stochastic Parser, and a hierarchical representation of Arabic dialect morphology, lexical features, and syntactic structures. Additional innovations include the application of state-of-the-art Arabic morphological analysis throughout the translation process, from word sense disambiguation to transfer rule induction to generation, and the automatic induction of syntactic-structure to target language generation rules. This research will make use of past work in machine tranlation, Arabic parsing, Arabic dialect analysis, and word sense disambiguation by StreamSage, Columbia University, and CoGenTex. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
951 Mariner''''s Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 545-1478
Mr. Matt Broadhead Army 03-089 Awarded: 19DEC03 |
| Title: | An Adaptive and Distributed Approach to Developing and Maintaining an Integrated Search and Discovery Portal |
| Abstract: | We propose an innovative approach to supporting the Army's Homeland Security (HLS) mission that turns the diversity of perspectives that exist amongst largely autonomous HLS communities in DoD and non-DoD organizations into an exploitable strength. In particular, we propose to develop an approach to the development and maintenance of a search and discovery portal that exploits an eclectic set of techniques in order to achieve functional and semantic interoperability amongst these communities without forcing participants to conform to the type of oppressive monolithic semantic schema that has led to the demise of so many corporate knowledge management efforts over the past decade. Rather, the proposed system, Vista, will employ an adaptive distributed paradigm where individuals and groups can manage their local information in a manner that fits their respective workflow patterns and Vista will exploit this diversity in a machine learning based bootstrapping approach to meaning negotiation. The resulting system will be capable of delivering personalized and context-aware information access and awareness in support of the Army's information superiority needs. Phase I research and the development and evaluation of a limited prototype will provide a solid foundation for the complete implementation of Vista in Phase II and its commercialization. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Photonic Systems Division, 20600 Gramercy Place, B Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Ilya Agurok Army 03-090 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Absolute Distance Hemispherical Rangefinder |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new absolute distance hemispherical rangefinder (ADHER) for 3D rendering of large rooms and cavities for combat operations of Objective Force Warriors. The proposed ADHER is a nonscanning, compact device for stealthy robotic platforms. The ADHER design is based on an innovative optical fish-eye lens with telecentric arrangement, a smart pixel array, and unique software implementing the Chinese Remainder Theorem for distance retrieval and the DaVinci visualization infrastructure. The ADHER optical system to be developed in Phase I is extremely compact -- 30 mm in length and 10 mm in diameter. ADHER will enable instant 3D hemispheric rendering of objects of interest with several millimeters distance resolution and one degree scene resolution. It will be mass producible, reliable, low in cost, and specifically suited to future urban combat and antiterrorist operations. In Phase I, POC will develop a complete computer simulation for system modeling and a preliminary ADHER model prototype to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach. In Phase II an engineering prototype ADHER will be developed and integrated with a stealthy robotic platform and advanced 3D rendering software. |
| APTIMA, INC.
12 Gill Street, Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 496-2412
Dr. Jean MacMillan Army 03-091 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | C2-MATE: Command and Control Model-based Architecture Tool for Evaluation |
| Abstract: | Rapidly evolving technology and network connectivity are enabling innovative command and control systems, concepts, and strategies, yet no accepted measures exist for assessing the effectiveness of those innovations. Because effective C2 outcomes are difficult to define, and the contribution of individual behaviors to those outcomes is rarely clear, a model or framework is needed to guide measure development. We propose to develop the C2-MATE-a C2 Model-based Architecture Tool for Evaluation. This tool will provide users with the capability to: (1) develop a model of the C4ISR architecture for the C2 unit or component being assessed (e.g., a command post or Tactical Operations Center); (2) use the model output to identify the most important factors to be measured; and (3) generate examples of data collection strategies for obtaining empirical data on the desired measures. The final product (in Phase II) will be a C2-MATE tool that identifies appropriate measures based on an architecture model and draws on a library of operational measures and data collection methods and instruments to make recommendations for C2 assessment. Although the initial focus will be on the Army C2 TOC, the tool will be designed to support C2 measurement in a variety of environments. |
| TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP.
1900 S. Sepulveda Blvd., Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90025 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 268-1249
Mr. Richard DiDomizio Army 03-092 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Advanced Azimuth Estimation Techniques |
| Abstract: | The short radar sensor baseline and low RF frequencies required to penetrate foliage on typical UHF GMTI radars cause the azimuth extent of the main beam to be quite large, producing large azimuth error ellipses that limit the target location accuracies that these systems can achieve. Since accurate target location in both the range and azimuth dimensions is desired to support precision location, targeting, and tracking of enemy targets utilizing camouflage and concealment tactics, future UHF GMTI systems need to devise innovative ways to limit these large azimuth errors. This Phase I SBIR will investigate, analyze, and present various innovative approaches to achieving improved azimuth angle estimation from UHF GMTI radar systems onboard rotorcraft air vehicles by using a combination of monostatic, bistatic, and multilateration techniques. Computer simulations will be used to evaluate the performance of the various azimuth estimation techniques, which will employ adaptive and superresolution methods. The effectiveness of monostatic, bistatic, and multilateration techniques will be compared, and the most promising techniques will be identified. Radar measurements of the moving targets including range, Doppler, and angle of arrival will be exploited to improve the azimuth angle estimates for these UHF GMTI radars. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
6 New England Executive Park Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-3388
Mr. Jonathan Krant Army 03-093 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Video-Moving Target Indicator (MTI) Trackers for Multiple Targets |
| Abstract: | Motion imagery comprises an information-rich data source complementary to radar and other sensors. Video cameras can operate in various frequency bands, including infrared (IR) and visible spectrum electro-optical (EO), and provide multi-dimensional measurements across both spatial and temporal domains. Except for simple functions, however, human operators are required to scan the area of regard, designate objects of interest, and track single targets. The objective of this effort is to automate the use of video/imagery for the detection and tracking of multiple movers to provide reduced operator workload, enhanced situational awareness, and support follow-on intelligence and targeting. ALPHATECH proposes to modify and extend our multiple target tracking architecture, currently being developed for the DARPA Video Verification of Identity (VIVID) program, to conform to Army CECOM objectives and to rapidly achieve desired performance levels. We will focus on specific needs of the Army, such as the accurate absolute location of targets on a topographic coordinate frame, and will develop technology that enables detection and tracking of move-stop-move objects, exploiting the wealth of information provided by video. We will assemble a custom testbed from existing components to demonstrate tracking performance in scenarios agreed upon by the Army CECOM technical monitor. |
| GENEX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
10605 Concord Street, #500 Kensington, MD 20895 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 962-6565
Dr. Jinglu Qiao Army 03-093 Awarded: 03DEC03 |
| Title: | A Novel Motion Tracking Indicator Algorithm for Multiple Target Tracking |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase 1 project investigates algorithms and methodologies necessary to extract multiple moving objects/targets out of video/imagery data, establish individual tracks for each and maintain those tracks over multiple image frames Genex Technologies, Inc. proposes in this SBIR effort to develop and test the feasibility of a novel Motion Tracking Indicator (MTI) algorithm that reliably detects, extracts, and tracks the location and history of the movement of multiple targets in real-time within any imagery data (i.e. Visible, near-infra-red, infra-red, image intensified (I2), UHF ground-based radar, or any imagery yielding movement of multiple targets within a stationary or moving background). We propose a unique design for a MTI algorithm that provides a unique approach to making detecting and subsequent target tracking both reliable in terms of False Acceptance Rate (FAR) and False Rejection Rate (FRR). Genex will use a variety of mathematical models in a unique design that considers the "state" of the object to improve tracking reliability. |
| CYCORP, INC.
3721 Executive Center Drive, Suite 100 Austin, TX 78731 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 514-2951
Dr. Michael Witbrock Army 03-094 Awarded: 09DEC03 |
| Title: | Knowledge Engineering Environment for Army Intelligence Analysis and Interpretation |
| Abstract: | Traditional methods for constructing knowledge-intensive systems have relied heavily on intervention from artificial intelligence specialists. The first step in this intervention is typically either: extensive human-directed interviews of subject-matter experts so that the knowledge can then be laboriously hand-encoded; or the training of SMEs in some highly-restricted intermediate representation. Such systems have been costly to produce, and have typically failed to model expert knowledge to any degree of complexity outside of very narrow domains. This failure has been a major obstacle to the development of systems that harness human reasoning with a computer's tireless attention to detail. We propose to investigate why knowledge engineers need to be in the loop, and provide requirements and high-level design to addresses many of these problems. Our focus will be on interfaces that operate in the SME's domain of discourse. As a concrete example, we will be looking at a mixed graphical/textual representation of the intelligence analysis process whereby complex rules can be expressed as simple questions in a context inherited from the workflow. Our experimentation to date has found that this representation is not only very intuitive for SMEs, but is also highly productive in comparison to more conventional rule-construction methods. |
| TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, INC.
429 West Airline Highway, Suite S LaPlace, LA 70068 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(985) 652-1127
Mr. Richard Jarka Army 03-095 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | See Thru the Wall Technologies |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR project addresses the development and feasibility evaluation of handheld and vehicle-mounted see-thru-the-wall (STTW) capability combined with non-lethal weapon (NLW) through the use of infrasound technology that meet the Army needs and as a key element for the Future Combat System (FCS) and is spelled out in the FCS Operational Requirements Document (ORD). The work involves investigation of underlying infrasound technology as applied to STTW applications (STTW-ISCAP) and NLW applications (NLISW). The STTW-ISCAP and NLISW are combined in a Infrasound Standoff Combat Capability (ISTACC) wherein they share a single platform with displays and controls and possibly other components. This allows for combined combat operations as well as activation of one or the other dependent on the situation. The Phase I will determine the size, weight, power, component technology, and standoff capability achievable based on the limiting physics. Components-off-the-shelf (COTS) will be utilized as much as possible in the implementation. Use will be made of the ground work that has been done by Department of Energy in the area of location of objects and faults in the earth as well as the work performed in the medical field research on the effect of infrasound on human. |
| KIARA NETWORKS
6620 Gulton Ct. NE, Suite C Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 268-3600
Dr. Shantanu Gupta Army 03-096 Awarded: 08DEC03 |
| Title: | ULTRASENSITIVE SCALABLE PERIMETER DETECTION SYSTEM WITH DIRECTION FINDING CAPABILITY |
| Abstract: | A novel technique for perimeter detection (PD) system is proposed here for the first time, which is passive and undetectable (buried in ground), very sensitive (can measure sub-micron strain), fast (> 40 Hz), scalable to large encampments (> 2 km), low-cost and rugged, and has direction-finding capabilities (including a potential for finding angular direction and movement towards or away from camp). This technique promises a new generation of PD system, which has high sensitivity, large bandwidth, environmentally rugged, immune to electromagnetic interference (EMI), lightweight, small size, easy to install, and high scalability. This novel technique is insensitive to temperature effects, and can senses precise location of the intrusion within a few meters. The precise location and direction sensing, and undetectability of this technique would provide early warning without its knowledge to the intruder, and would increase the effectiveness to tackle the intruder by increasing the reaction time. This PD system can be strategic to the military for the protection of military encampments especially in foreign land, and for homeland defense applications such as for protecting nuclear plants, high-security buildings, airports and other key structures. |
| SPECTRA RESEARCH, INC.
3085 Woodman Drive, Suite 200 Dayton, OH 45420 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 299-5999
Mr. John Sellers, Army 03-097 Awarded: 17DEC03 |
| Title: | All Terrain Combat Identification |
| Abstract: | The S*R FCS Advanced RF Tag design utilizes covert, passive RF Tags, operating in conjunction with surveillance, and tactical based SAR/GMTI radars, to meet joint service and Coalition ID requirements and other operational needs. The flight tested, proven tag employs S*R's patented van Atta array repeater, the electronic equivalent to a corner reflector, but capable of modulating the RCS at high (KHz) frequencies. By operating at X-Band or other suitable RF frequencies, the RF Tag offers the additional capability of adverse weather penetration, covertness, and identification i.e. the equivalent to an electronic RF "barcode". |
| INFORMATION SYSTEMS LABORATORIES, INC.
8130 Boone Blvd., Suite 500 Vienna, VA 22182 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 448-1116
Mr. Jameson Bergin Army 03-098 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Wind-Blown Clutter Mitigation to Improve Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Moving Target Indicator (MTI) Performance |
| Abstract: | For stationary ground moving target indication (GMTI) radars, targets are generally isolated from clutter under the assumption that the clutter background is non-moving and therefore exists only at zero Doppler while moving targets will appear at non-zero Doppler shifts. In reality the background clutter will often have a non-zero bandwidth due to the presence of wind-blown foliage such as trees and shrubs and thus occupy Doppler filters other than the zero-Doppler filter. This results in degradation of the detection performance for slow moving targets resulting in minimum detectable velocity (MDV) performance of a radar system that varies as wind conditions change. For example, when the wind is blowing the clutter will occupy additional Doppler filters resulting in the obscuration of some moving targets that would otherwise be detectable under calmer wind conditions. The main goal of the proposed research is to develop techniques to enhance system performance by estimating clutter Doppler spread directly from the radar data in "real-time" and apply that knowledge in detection and tracking filters to reduce false alarms while maintaining system sensitivity. It is anticipated that the algorithms developed under the proposed effort will improve system performance by applying real-time characterization of the clutter Doppler spread due to wind-blown clutter during a given coherent processing interval (CPI). |
| ENGENEX TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
10725 126th PL NE Kirkland, WA 98033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 605-3547
Dr. Michael Mathews Army 03-099 Awarded: 23DEC03 |
| Title: | Selective Localized Global Positioning System (GPS) Denial |
| Abstract: | The proposed Phase I research will define and evaluate the technical feasibility of a novel concept for selectively denying the use of GPS by adversaries. The goal is to provide mobile military units a flexible GPS denial system that can operate both autonomously and in a coordinated, network-centric, manner. Termed the GPS Selective Denial System (SDS), the proposed concept will equip mobile units with the capability to target specific regions and/or adversaries, denying them the use of GPS while still enabling our own forces continued service. The SDS is a fully programmable, beam steerable, jamming system that utilizes a high-quality frequency reference and monitoring of the GPS to produce a variety of jamming signals designed to disrupt an adversary's GPS service. At the same time, receivers equipped with the appropriate anti-jam components (termed the SDS Decoder) and apriori knowledge of the jamming scenario can effectively eliminate the jam, enabling normal operation without major degradation. The proposed research will develop this concept in accordance with known requirements in preparation for a Phase II implementation. Research will consist of theoretical analysis, requirements analysis, systems design, and simulation testing. Feasibility will be assessed by analyzing expected performance, complexity, production costs and anticipated benefits. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Photonic Systems Division, 20600 Gramercy Place, B Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Paul Shnitser Army 03-100 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Silicon Light-Controlled Passive Elements for High Speed, High Power Electronics |
| Abstract: | The U.S. Army needs new tunable electronic components for high-frequency high-power devices such as RF power amplifiers and other devices and subsystems in the Future Combat System. These components must have extended tuning range and fast response to control signals. To meet this Army need, Physical Optics Corporation proposes to develop a new Silicon Light Controlled (SiLC) switching technology, in which several passive elements can be combined either in parallel or in series with low induced losses for high-frequency signals. The induced losses will be reduced by fully separating the high-power circuits from the control signal circuit. Light-induced conductive bridges between passive elements will be created in specially formed charge-confining area on silicon wafer by highly efficient vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs). The proposed technology will bring great flexibility to circuit design for both existing and future passive electronic components. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate a fully operational SiLC switch model; Phase II will be devoted to technology optimization and to fabrication of tunable elements for immediate integration into Future Combat System devices. |
| TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP.
1900 S. Sepulveda Blvd., Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90025 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 954-2200
Mr. Joseph Salzman Army 03-101 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Low Probability of Intercept/Low Probability of Detection (LPI/LPD) and Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) Mitigation Techniques |
| Abstract: | RFI and signal security are indelibly intertwined in military FOPEN radar systems. RFI is a dual problem for FOPEN radars: on transmit, the radar signal interferes with other friendly systems operating in the same band; on receive, these systems' signals interfere with radar operations. A common solution to dealing with both RFI manifestations is to notch the RFI signal. However, a piori knowledge of the spectral characteristics of the friendlies in the region, which is acquired by a "sniff" mode or is available before radar operations, is crucial. Furthermore, notching distorts the received signal, degrading the performance of the radar, if not corrected for. TSC proposes an LPI/LPD waveform design to alleviate the RFI problem with minimal distortion when RFI information is available, while providing signal security. When information is unavailable, RFI is detected, notched, and autoregressive filtering applied to recover the target signals. TSC has investigated and developed a variety of LPI/LPD waveforms in the past, and applied AR techniques to recover corrupted SAR and other radar signals. During Phase I, TSC will investigate the feasibility of these RFI mitigation techniques, and develop tools and plans for Phase II demonstration tests utilizing a GeoSAR UHF transmitter in TSC's possession. |
| APPLIED SIGNAL & IMAGE TECHNOLOGY, INC.
7763 Old Telegraph Road, Suite 7 Severn, MD 21144 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 969-7044
Mr. Kirk Griffin Army 03-102 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Global Positioning System (GPS) Interference Electronic Support Measure (ESM) Payload for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) |
| Abstract: | The availability of low cost global positioning system (GPS) jammer systems provides the potential for an adversary to severely limit the utility of one of the United States' most important navigation and timing resources. During the recent conflict in Iraq, GPS jammer systems developed by the Russian Aviaconversia Company were believed to have been used by the Iraqi Defense Forces. A system that provides accurate GPS jammer geolocation in an affordable, small size, weight, and power package will allow US forces to quickly relay information to decision makers so that an appropriate response can be formulated to eliminate or mitigate the source of the jamming signal. To meet the needs of the Army a GPS Jammer Geolocation Payload for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) that provides high accuracy geolocation of the GPS direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) signal while to continuing to provide navigation information in the presence of GPS jamming will be designed and prototyped. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
6 New England Executive Park Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-3388
Dr. Clyde Hardin Army 03-103 Awarded: 16DEC04 |
| Title: | Low-Loss Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Data CompressionComplex SAR Image Compression for Automatic Exploitation |
| Abstract: | SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) systems have proved to be invaluable for many applications, both military and commercial, including automatic target detection and recognition (ATD/R), terrain mapping, change detection, battle damage assessment, and moving target refocusing and detection. The proliferation of SAR systems, along with the dramatic increase in on-board data gathering and processing rates, places an onerous burden on the communication links that transmit SAR data to groundstations for analysis. SAR-specific data compression may alleviate this problem, but compression must not adversely affect downstream automatic exploitation applications (e.g., ATR) that must mine the data for information. These applications require not just the viewable SAR magnitude image, but the full complex image. Previous SAR compression work is lacking in that it deals only with magnitude imagery, and does not measure the effect of compression-induced degradation on downstream applications. ALPHATECH proposes to use innovative approaches to complex SAR compression to develop real-time capable, deeply-compressing algorithms tuned to SAR exploitation applications. Key to algorithm design is an upfront analysis of exploitation application sensitivity to compression-induced degradation, where we quantitatively measure sensitivities by playing degraded imagery through ALPHATECH-owned exploitation applications, including ATD/R, registration, coherent and non-coherent change detection, super-resolution and moving target focusing. |
| ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS, INC.
2020 Alameda Padre Serra, Suite 123 Santa Barbara, CA 93103 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 966-3331
Dr. Roger Stettner Army 03-104 Awarded: 18DEC03 |
| Title: | Low Cost Three Dimensional Laser Radar Receiver |
| Abstract: | In Phase I the ROIC Unit Cell for an advanced but optimized 3-D ladar receiver is designed, simulated and laid out. The optimized design is the output of a system performance model and trade study whose input is the intended Army application. The unit cell is fabricated and tested in the optional task. In Phase II lessons learned from Phase I unit cell testing will be incorporated into a full-scale ROIC and this ROIC, together with the Phase I system analysis, will be the basis for fabrication and testing of a LOCA-3D receiver for delivery to the Army. |
| CDM OPTICS, INC.
4001 Discovery Drive, Suite 130 Boulder, CO 80303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 449-5593
Dr. Kenneth Kubala Army 03-105 Awarded: 02JAN04 |
| Title: | Optical Components to Reduce Retroreflection from Uncooled Infrared Focal Plane Array |
| Abstract: | The use of long wave infrared (LWIR) sensors is limited in many covert environments by their unacceptably high reflectivity. The high reflectivity makes them susceptible to detection by search CW laser systems. There are many traditional methods for the reduction of optical signature, but most adversely affect the final system image quality and are not cost effective for large volume applications. CDM Optics has an innovative method for redistributing the reflected intensity while retaining high image quality with reflectivity reductions of 4 orders of magnitude being possible. The technique called Wavefront Coding has previously been used to realize other system benefits such as a reduction in system complexity, a reduction in system size, cost and weight, passive athermalization with a simple housing and an increase in imaging volume where the user can clearly see targets simultaneously over a large range of object distances. The Wavefront Coding low-reflectivity concept can be fused with these other benefits to realize a system with superior performance and a favorable benefit to cost ratio. Additionally, the methodology and the specific optical design can be applied across any platforms that use a sensor with the same geometry and can be cost effective through the utilization of moldable IR materials. |
| TELIC OPTICS, INC.
152 Rangeway Road N. Billerica, MA 01862 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 667-4350
Mr. James Howard Army 03-105 Awarded: 19DEC03 |
| Title: | Optical Components to Reduce Retroreflection from Uncooled Infrared Focal Plane Array |
| Abstract: | Telic Optics proposes to develop optical components for use in reducing retro-reflections from uncooled focal-plane arrays in the low-reflectivity uncooled camera systems. Specifically, Telic proposes to design and manufacture prism systems that can be used in conjunction with lens systems and uncooled FPAs in a low-reflectivity camera-system design. The prisms operate by deviating the line of sight so that chief rays strike the FPA surface at an angle, and light reflected off the FPA does not exit the optical system. Telic will design prism systems based on the optical parameters presented in the solicitation. Telic will manufacture prototypes of one or more promising prism designs to demonstrate image quality and beam deviation angle. The anticipated outcome is the identification and feasibility demonstration of one or more prism systems that will greatly reduce the retro-reflection from uncooled FPAs while having minimal effect on basic system performance. Telic Optics has already performed significant research in this field. We have previously designed retro-reflection-reducing prisms systems for common-module and SADA detector arrays. We have also previously designed and manufactured retro-reflection-reducing devices for cooled MWIR FPAs. This prior experience provides a high level of confidence in the success of this proposed Phase I project as well as the anticipated Phase II and Phase III successor projects. |
| IRVINE SENSORS CORP.
3001 Redhill Avenue, Building #3 Costa Mesa, CA 92626 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 444-8755
Mr. Bert Hornback Army 03-106 Awarded: 19DEC03 |
| Title: | Uncooled Infrared (IR) Camera with High Resolution Zoom |
| Abstract: | ISC has successfully developed algorithms that utilize micro scan techniques for a variety of applications. The first of these required a large computing system to convert real-time FLIR imagery for stabilization in an air platform. The technology was further developed to do non-real-time resolution enhancement to evaluate surveillance video. A commercial product was developed known as "Redhawk"T that provides high-resolution still images from video data streams. Processing technology has advanced to the point that full-rate video can be processed to achieve resolution enhancements in real-time using the ISC-developed algorithms for micro scan. While most of the effort has focused on RS-170 type analog video streams, the process works better with digitized data that can be made available from the more customized processing of thermal cameras. The proposed program will adapt the prior algorithms to the digital video stream of thermal imaging microbolometers to convert 320x240 data into the equivalent of 640x480 or higher without the loss of sensitivity. ISC intends to update the key algorithms and verify them on an existing 320x240 camera. With that success, a study will be made of how newer generation 640x480 cameras could be further enhanced for the longer-range weapon environments. |
| ARTANN LABORATORIES, INC.
1753 Linvale-Harbourton Road Lambertville, NJ 08530 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(201) 216-5339
Dr. Alexander Sutin Army 03-107 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Land Mine Detection by Time Reversal Acousto-seismic Method |
| Abstract: | The objective of the proposed research is to develop new technologies based on principles of Time Reversal Acoustics (TRA) that will provide highly sensitive land mine detection. We suggest applying the Time Reversal Acousto-seismic method in combination with a nonlinear acousto-seismic mine detection technique. The TRA focused system provides a high concentration of seismic wave energy at any desired point (e.g., on a land mine) and can detect it due to the high nonlinearity the mine produces. It is the only system that is capable of focusing seismic waves in time and space, which highly increases the detection abilities of linear and nonlinear acousto-seismic methods. Several systems based on TRA focusing (with speakers and small seismic vibrators) for laboratory and small-scale field tests will be developed and tested. Measurements of the surface vibration will be conducted by a scanning laser vibrometer and contact sensor. TRA spatial and temporal field structure, its dependencies on the frequency of radiated waves, distance from radiators, and the number of radiators will be investigated. High harmonic generation, due to nonlinear contact between the mine and the surrounding sand/soil, will be used for mine detection. Feasibility tests will demonstrate the abilities of TRA for land mine detection. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
135 S. Taylor Avenue Louisville, CO 80027 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Dr. Philip Gatt Army 03-107 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Landmine Detection |
| Abstract: | Buried landmines produce distinct seismic surface vibrations when excited by acoustic or pressure energy. Many approaches to this problem are being investigated. To date the biggest problem is the slow demining rate due to dwell time requirements. The platform speed is governed by the necessary dwell time (100 ms for 10 Hz resolution) and the number of simultaneous measurements. To support a 1 m/s platform velocity with a 3 m wide swath and 2 cm resolution, a total of 5x150 beams (pixels) is required. Faster platform velocities are conceivable through a larger array. In principle a 25x150 array would support a 5 m/s platform velocity. CTI proposes to develop a novel scannerless acoustic landmine detection system using a coherent detection receiver to detect these minute surface vibrations on a moving platform. At present CTI is carrying two conceptual designs to be down-selected in Phase I. The first concept is a multi-channel conventional bistatic CW laser vibrometer. This multi-channel/beam lidar increases the demining rate through parallel beams. The second and more novel concept is a baseband imaging interferometer, which utilizes a low-noise high-speed CCD camera to image an interfereogram, thereby significantly reducing hardware complexity. Speckle mitigation is achieved through the a series of diversity techniques, which include some combination of the following : dual polarization receiver, multiple receive apertures for each transmit beam, multiple wavelengths, and temporal averaging. The sensor also employs platform motion sensors and advanced signal processing algorithms to optimally process the speckle diversity and mitigate platform motion induced noise. A post processor filters the data using knowledge of the mine-signatures to produce the mine detection signal. |
| AKELA, INC.
5276 Hollister Avenue, Suite 263 Santa Barbara, CA 93111 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 683-6414
Mr. Allan Hunt Army 03-108 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Off-Route Mine Detection |
| Abstract: | This proposal seeks to gather a set of data and develop processing and classification algorithms that can be used to detect and identify side attack mines at standoff distances. Data will be collected with a distributed network of wideband radar sensors which is currently in development. Algorithm development will focus on detecting the material composition and resonant response of side attack mines. |
| MALIBU RESEARCH ASSOC., INC.
3760-A Calle Tecate Camarillo, CA 93012 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 383-1829
Dr. Dan Gonzalez Army 03-108 Awarded: 18DEC03 |
| Title: | Off-Route Mine Detection |
| Abstract: | There is a growing threat of side-attack mines that attack vehicles and personal from the side as the target passes by. The ability to detect mines that are concealed by camouflage or foliage at distances of 200 meters with a high probability of detection, high clutter discrimination, and low false alarm rate and at rates that a convoy travels is essential to the systems success. This proposal entails the development of state of the art off-route mine detection technology capable of detecting existing and next generation off-route and side-attack land mines. The proposed solution uses commercial automobile collision warning radar equipped with a fixed monopulse antenna to search the roadsides for potential targets. By measuring the difference between the Radar signal level returned or reflected from a side-attack mine and or explosive and the expected signal level returned or reflected from the roadside, it is possible to exploit that difference to determine normal environment from potential threatening environment. The proposed solution efforts will address one or more of the following: detection of the threat, self-calibration, no requirement to re-trained system for each new weapon or configuration, low cost, light weight and simplicity of operation. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
7519 Standish Place, Suite 200 Rockville, MD 20855 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 294-5242
Dr. Roger Xu Army 03-109 Awarded: 19DEC03 |
| Title: | A High Performance, Low Cost, Compact, and Wireless E-nose System for Explosives Detection |
| Abstract: | Detection of non-buried explosives is of great significance to both military and homeland security. Although many existing sniffing devices may be used for explosives detection, the size, cost, weight, and portability are primary concern in the development of a field deployable sniffing devices. Herein we propose to build high performance, low cost, compact, and wireless e-nose devices for explosives detection. The system has three key features. First, we have identified an e-nose chip family, developed by Cyrano Sciences, Inc. In addition to small size and low cost, the chip has a wireless capability, which makes the wireless data retrieval possible. Second, we propose to use Support Vector Machines (SVM) to improve the accuracy of explosives classification and nonlinear unmixing for accurate explosive concentration estimation in a mixture. SVM has several attractive advantages and better classification performance than most other classifiers. Most existing unmixing methods are linear in nature. However, our proposed unmixing is a nonlinear approach, which addresses the nonlinear relationship between e-nose responses and different explosive compounds. Finally, we will use a PDA to wirelessly collect the e-nose sensor reading and analyze the data. We believe that our proposed system can find many applications. |
| NANOENGINEERING CORP.
12230 Forest Hill Blvd, Suite 310 Wellington, FL 33414 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(561) 515-0831
Mr. Jerome Schmitt Army 03-109 Awarded: 17DEC03 |
| Title: | Super-Sensitive Explosives Detector |
| Abstract: | Ion Mobility Spectrometers (IMS) are sensors used
extensively to detect trace volatiles of
explosives and chemical weapons. Developed in the
1970s, IMS has become a mainstay of explosives
detection technology due to its low cost, rapid
response and high sensitivity (parts per billion).
Nonetheless, there is compelling need to develop
more sensitive sensors that are field-deployable
to meet the challenges of countermine and
anti-terror defense. Greater sensitivity will
enhance ability to detect explosive volatiles at
greater distance from the source of emanation and
will also enable detection of advanced explosives
having low vapor pressure. We propose to develop
a new form of IMS instrument based on Differential
Mobility Analysis (DMA) to meet these challenges.
Whereas IMS separates ions in time, the DMA
separates them in space. This fundamentally new
approach offers important advantages including
potential for significantly enhanced sensitivity
( |
| ACULIGHT CORP.
11805 North Creek Parkway S., Suite 113 Bothell, WA 98011 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 482-1100
Dr. Dave Shannon Army 03-110 Awarded: 24DEC03 |
| Title: | Lightweight Laser Designator |
| Abstract: | This Phase I project proposes an improved laser designator module. This improved module combines diode-pumping with a unique ceramic laser medium and innovative thermal management to provide a system that is small, lightweight, and able to be fully-operational in less than 30 seconds. This design is potentially 5x lighter than current designators, with equivalent optical performance. |
| ARETE ASSOC.
P.O. Box 6024 Sherman Oaks, CA 91413 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 571-8660
Dr. Gregory Fetzer Army 03-111 Awarded: 22DEC03 |
| Title: | Near Infrared Streak Tube Development |
| Abstract: | The Streak Tube Imaging LIDAR (STIL) combines streak tube and CCD imaging technology to yield high-resolution 3D imaging systems. The technology was developed primarily for ocean imaging and the operational wavelength is around the blue green portion of the visible spectrum. However, laser eye safety requirements and the need for covert operation preclude operation at a visible wavelength. Arete proposes to join emerging transferred electron (TE) photocathode technology with a high temporal resolution streak tube design to extend the STIL operating range into the near infrared. The near infrared streak tube design relies on the use of high quantum efficiency InGaAs/InP photocathodes. The proposed development effort will produce an integrated design of a near infrared STIL receiver capable of operating near the eye-safe wavelength of 1.55 microns. The result of the combined Phase I and Phase II efforts will produce a component that allows STIL technology to be applied to military and commercial laser radar problems where operation in the NIR is essential. |
| ARETE ASSOC.
P.O. Box 6024 Sherman Oaks, CA 91413 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 571-8660
Dr. Gregory Fetzer Army 03-111 Awarded: 16DEC03 |
| Title: | Near infrared streak tube imaging lidar receiver |
| Abstract: | The Streak Tube Imaging LIDAR (STIL) combines streak tube and CCD imaging technology to yield high-resolution 3D imaging systems. The technology was developed primarily for ocean imaging and the operational wavelength is blue green. However, STIL and STIL derivatives have been demonstrated to be a powerful technique for generating high resolution 3D imagery in littoral, terrestrial and atmospheric applications but eye safety requirements and the need for covert operation preclude operation in the visible. Arete proposes to develop an advanced wavelength converter to extend the STIL operating range into the near infrared. The converter relies on the use of high quantum efficiency detectors (e.g., InGaAs arrays), VLSI analog electronics and Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers to accomplish the conversion. A proof of concept experiment demonstrated high bandwidth range resolved measurements in the laboratory. The proposed development effort will build and test a prototype converter system that will elucidate design issues in a risk-controlled manner, yielding a high probability of success in Phase II. The result of the combined Phase I and Phase II efforts will produce a component that allows STIL technology to be applied to military and commercial laser radar problems where operation in the NIR is essential. |
| DIGITAL AUTHENTICATION TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
PO Box 811564 Boca Raton, FL 33481 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(561) 392-7404
Dr. Roger Dube Army 03-112 Awarded: 16DEC03 |
| Title: | Security for Wireless Handheld Devices |
| Abstract: | DAT, Inc. has invented and developed an authentication technology that employs as the source of a shared secret a source of dynamic entropy whose origins lie within chaotic, natural physical processes. By using a secret whose value is based on location and must be measured at that location, DAT has been able to add new layers of control to the authentication process. These new layers of control effectively add two new access control credentials: - where have you been - where are you now The DAT technology can be employed to provide a location-based authentication system that cannot be spoofed, predicted or otherwise subverted. The technology combines this powerful, location-specific random entropy (noise) with known technologies in a unique way to provide a powerful new method of user and data packet authentication that is based on location. DAT proposes to study the uniqueness of these signatures in a wireless environment in order to discriminate between approved and unapproved users for granting access to a LAN. Issues such as building construction, activity within the RF spectrum, spatial granularity and temporal stability will all be examined. |
| XPRT SOLUTIONS, INC.
615 HOPE ROAD, BUILDING 3B EATONTOWN, NJ 07724 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 460-9001
Dr. Jose Ucles Army 03-112 Awarded: 23DEC03 |
| Title: | Security for Wireless Handheld Devices |
| Abstract: | The XPRT Solutions,Inc./New Jersey Institute of Technology /Network Security Solutions, Inc. (XNN) team proposes to prototype the Locally Enforced Global Trust (LEGT) strong authentication technique for handheld wireless devices in a Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) or in a Future Combat System (FCS) environment. MANET/FCS nodes can operate in a decentralized "trust no peer" mode that complicates and inhibits security services. Phase I is used to refine the design of LEGT, whereas Phase II will develop a prototype, then test and evaluate its performance against realistic red-team scenarios using our laboratory testbed that also emulates Future Combat Systems (FCS) scenarios among others. The XNN team has constructed and tested successfully a solution architecture to the provision of security in MANETs that is based on a "neighborhood watch" concept. LEGT utilizes this architectural approach, along with known successful principles of authentication that include self-organized PKI with certificate chains over clusters, threshold cryptography with localized trust, distributed trust, and cluster based key management, thus building a fully decentralized scalable strong authentication policy. |
| OPNET TECHNOLOGIES
7255 Woodmont Avenue Bethesda, MD 20814 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(240) 497-3000
Mr. Paul Janes Army 03-113 Awarded: 19DEC03 |
| Title: | Terrain Aware Network Planning Tools |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to research, develop, and prototype a lightweight network planning tool with an embedded modeling and simulation capability to support future Army tactical communications networks. This new lightweight tool will be notebook computer-based, allowing soldiers on the battlefield to quickly analyze the combined effects of network topology, terrain, propagation, and node mobility to perform dynamic network planning and course of action studies. The Army's Objective Force (OF) and Future Combat Systems (FCS) Programs will enable the Warfighter to conduct network-centric warfare with multiple communications assets to achieve information superiority and mission success. A lightweight, simple to use, network planning tool will enable the Warfigther to design and provision tactical mobile ad hoc networks, rapidly validate and verify networks on the move, and study alternative courses of action based on the battle plan, node mobility, situational awareness, RF propagation, and terrain data. Modeling and simulation (M&S) offers many benefits to the DoD including the ability to evaluate and optimize C4ISR systems in a variety of pre- and post-deployment scenarios. Currently, there is no available COTS M&S software that can effectively utilize terrain, propagation, node mobility, weather, network topology, and traffic data to support the Army's requirements for rapid network planning using a lightweight, field deployable PC. OPNET's proposal focuses on approaches to solve this problem (based on simulation techniques and non-simulation based "point" tools) and also describes key attributes of the prototype Terrain Aware Network Planning Tool that will result from this Phase I SBIR program. |
| STRATOGIS NETWORKS LLC
9001 Belmart Road Potomac, MD 20854 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 983-6279
Mr. Tony Modelfino Army 03-114 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Network Protocols for Onboard Satellite Packet Routing |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to develop packet switching protocols capable of providing efficient network access to satellite resources with the intention of passing IP traffic across onboard satellite routers and switches. Stratogis propose to use existing software capabilities to quantitatively assess the impact of design decisions on analytic performance parameters and perform system engineering trades to assess the impact on qualitative performance parameters. After defining key design trades, typical performance parameter requirements, sample network requirements scenarios and a baseline reference architecture, Stratogis will parametrically analyze performance of key design trade parameters such as Layer 2 vs. Layer 3 onboard switching/routing and INTSERV vs. DIFFSERV QoS protocols using existing OPNET-based simulation tools. The performance for each option will be compared with target requirements. In addition, Stratogis will evaluate TCP accelerator and bandwidth-on-demand DAMA protocols. Performance metrics will include quantitative parameters such as latency, packet loss, and throughput as well as qualitative metrics such as manageability, ease of integration and scalability. The results will be documented in a forward looking architecture document describing operational and technical requirements for both space and ground components of network architecture. |
| ETHERWARE, LLC
5250 South Virginia Street, Suite 340 Reno, NV 89502 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(775) 825-1922
Mr. Joseph Tavormina Army 03-115 Awarded: 22DEC03 |
| Title: | High Efficiency Waveform for Small-Aperture, Mobile, Satellite Communication Networks |
| Abstract: | The proposed research is to develop an overall system design for a power- and bandwidth efficient satellite communication modem, a communication waveform and an associated Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol to realize efficiency improvements. In currently deployed networks a single modulation scheme is typically used to communicate with all the users in the network, thus requiring a communication waveform designed to serve the most disadvantaged user. Given a typical mix of locations within a Ka-Band spot beam (e.g. at the center of the coverage area vs. the edge of the coverage area), local propagation conditions (e.g. local rain fade), and antenna sizes, current system designs typically result in allocation of 5-9 dB of excess link margin to the vast majority of users. Implementing the proposed waveform and modem that support dynamic, variable resource allocation can improve network capacity by a conservative factor of 3 to 5. Currently deployed networks typically base the return link on a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) waveform, which requires tight synchronization of terminals and a transmitter with high RF output power. The proposed implementation employs a spread spectrum return link that mitigates synchronization requirements and reduces the required RF output power, resulting in a more economical terminal design. |
| NOVA ENGINEERING, INC.
5 Circle Freeway Drive Cincinnati, OH 45246 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(513) 554-2047
Mr. Michael Geile Army 03-116 Awarded: 17DEC03 |
| Title: | Ground-Air-Space (GAS) Router |
| Abstract: | The Ground-Air-Space (GAS) Router program will specify, design and demonstrate a UAV communications payload allowing for ground-air-ground relay, as well as satellite communication access without the need for a satellite ground terminal. The program objective is to demonstrate a low-cost, airborne satellite relay functionality in advance of JTRS Cluster 5 and WIN-T availability. The prototype system utilizes COTS components to prove the concept of applying the AODV wireless routing protocol to the airborne SATCOM relay platform. The target payload routes traffic intelligently among ground-to-UAV, UAV-to-UAV and UAV-to-satellite hops to minimize an overall route cost function. |
| Q-DOT, INC.
1069 Elkton Drive Colorado Springs, CO 80907 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 590-1112
Mr. Michael Harrell Army 03-117 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Sensor Node Radio (SNRadio) for Ad Hoc Sensor and Munitions Networks (9640) |
| Abstract: | Q-DOT proposes to develop a low-cost, low-power, Sensor Node Radio (SNRadio) specifically designed to support ad hoc sensor and miniature networks for FCS and OFW. It supports ad hoc sensor and munitions network protocols. The SNRadio provides the first link in communication paths between the Sensor Node and the User. The SNRadio maximizes sensor time-on-station by minimizing network communications power requirements. Its DSSS waveform facilitates LPI, LPD, jam-resistant communication at 1 Mchip/second. The proposed SNRadio is realized completely with COTS components built around R.F. Monolithics' (RFM) ASH 3 Transceiver. RFM claims that the ASH 3 receiver consumes less power than any other receiver in the world at any given bit rate. Q-DOT will conceptually design network protocols and a secure waveform in Phase I to project SNRadio size, cost, power consumption, and performance. (Separately, Q-DOT proposes to develop the next generation ASH 4 transceiver (under Topic A03-121) which is specifically tailored to support ad hoc sensor networks.) A network of SNRadios coupled with a COTS sensor package will be designed, built, and demonstrated in Phase II. |
| HYPRES., INC.
175 Clearbrook Road Elmsford, NY 10523 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(914) 592-1190
Dr. Deepnarayan Gupta Army 03-118 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Digital Predistortion at RF using Superconductor Electronics |
| Abstract: | HYPRES proposes to develop an RF-in-RF-out linearizer module that can be easily incorporated into existing radio systems for direct predistortion linearization of broadband (>100MHz), multi-carrier power amplifiers, over the 2MHz-2GHz range for the Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS). This module will enable the use of higher-efficiency, but strongly non-linear, power amplifiers, as well as improve the spectral purity of the broadband transmit waveform. HYPRES will exploit fast (20-40GHz), high-linearity superconductor analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters and ultrafast digital logic circuits on an integrated multi-chip module to perform digital predistortion correction directly on the RF waveform. In Phase I, we propose to develop a new digital-RF predistorter that uses proportional, integral, and differential (PID) correction to compensate for rapid (10 GHz bandwidth) signal-dependent variations of the amplifier's non-linear transfer function, to achieve maximum suppression of intermodulation distortion. Neither narrowband analog RF electronics, nor slower semiconductor digital electronics, can achieve the necessary suppression. In Phase II, starting with a Phase I Option, we will design and demonstrate the PID digital-RF predistorter on a superconductor multi-chip module (MCM). |
| TREX ENTERPRISES CORP.
10455 Pacific Center Court San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 646-5479
Dr. Mikhail Belenkii Army 03-119 Selected for Award |
| Title: | PAMELA: Propagation Analysis and Modeling Experiments for Laser Applications |
| Abstract: | Laser communication has enormous potential to provide a secure, jam-resistant, low detection probability and high-bandwidth means to support multimedia, imagery, video, mapping and other command and control functions in battlefield environments. We propose to develop a complete numerical model for lasercom links, which will predict the performance and evaluate tactical feasibility of lasercom links, guide link design, evaluate the efficiency of scintillation mitigation techniques, and identify areas where further research is required. During the Phase I program we will evaluate jointly with researchers from ARL/NRL an approach for estimating the vertical profile of the structure parameter based on its values predicted by the turbulence model in the surface layer. We will develop a model for a closed-loop optical tracker, total link budget analysis, and aero-optics effects in the lasercom link. We will integrate this model with the wave-optics code for propagation through turbulence, and evaluate the performance of the Tera Hertz Operational Reachback (THOR) communication links. In addition, we will validate the efficiency of the mitigation techniques to reduce turbulence-induced signal fading in the communication links and develop a top level software architecture to provide a complete model of military laser communication. |
| WANG ELECTRO-OPTO CORP.
2140 Newmarket Parkway, Suite 110 Marietta, GA 30067 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 955-9311
Dr. Johnson Wang Army 03-120 Awarded: 23DEC03 |
| Title: | Smart Single or Multiple Beam Forming Antennas in the 1 to 2 GHz Range |
| Abstract: | The Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) needs multi-band airborne and ground vehicular antennas that can cover all JTRS bands over 1-2.5 GHz and have steerable beams. The difficulties in developing these antennas are due to the requirements of not only multi-band/broadband to cover 1-2.5 GHz, but also low-profile and conformability suitable for mounting on a military airborne and/or ground platform, as well as an affordable cost for inherently expensive beam steering. Fortunately, Wang Electro-Opto Corporation (WEO) has recently developed an airborne multiband/broadband array antenna having performance and features generally similar to the requirements of this Army SBIR program, Topic A03-120, as well as affordable costs. The main differences are the wider operating frequency range and the specific JTRS bands in this SBIR program. Based on this new technology, Wang Electro-Opto Corporation (WEO) proposes to develop a smart beam-forming antenna operating throughout the 1-2.5 GHz JTRS bands. The initial design is for single-beam with multiple-beam features to be added later if desired. |
| Q-DOT, INC.
1069 Elkton Drive Colorado Springs, CO 80907 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 590-1112
Mr. Michael Harrell Army 03-121 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Networked System-on-a-Chip for C4ISR (9643) |
| Abstract: | Q-DOT proposes to investigate the feasibility of developing a fully integrated system-on-a-chip for sensor-based C4ISR networks. In Phase I, a prototype Sensor Node Radio (SNRadio) will be conceptually designed based upon the commercially off-the-shelf (COTS) ASH 3 Transceiver produced by RF Monolithics, Inc., in Dallas, Texas. The ASH will provide the small, ultra-low power, RF communications link between various sensor nodes. The SNRadio maximizes sensor time-on-station by minimizing network communications power requirements. RFM claims that the ASH 3 receiver consumes less power than any other receiver in the world at any given bit rate. Under software-control, a DSP and a micro controller will enable the SNRadio to participate in ad hoc sensor and munitions networks. (Under a separate proposal submitted under Topic A03-117, Q-DOT proposes to investigate the waveforms and protocols required to create ad hoc networks using the SNRadio.) Link analyses will be performed for potential operating environments to help select an optimal operating frequency and to predict the achievable link distances. In Phase II, the detailed design of the prototype SNRadio will be completed. Upon successful demonstration of the prototype early in Phase II, the design of the next generation ASH Transceiver (ASH 4) will begin in order to enhance performance and integrate as much of the SNRadio functionality onto a single SiGe BiCMOS chip as possible. The ASH 4 development will be completed and demonstrated in the next-generation SNRadio during Phase III. |
| WILLIAMS-PYRO, INC.
200 Greenleaf St. Fort Worth, TX 76107 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(817) 872-1500
Mr. Corey Clark Army 03-121 Awarded: 10DEC02 |
| Title: | Networked System on a Chip for C4ISR |
| Abstract: | The overall goal of the Reconfigurable Networked Smart System on Chip (ReNSS) is to provide a network-oriented C4ISR chip. This will include designing (1) energy-efficient, intelligent sensor processing and fusion modules, (2) reconfigurable hardware for reliable communication and processing capabilities, (3) routing algorithms for a self-organizing network, and (4) an innovative fabrication method to combine these technologies onto a single energy-conservative VLSI chip. To advance the networking and C4ISR system capabilities further, this innovation can provide self-configuring, self-healing, fault-tolerant communications that also communicate with the fixed, wired network infrastructure. This hybrid network architecture enables sensors or C2 reporting and messaging functions to collect and process data both independently and cooperatively, as opposed to the centralized HOST data processing approach. The proposed solution focuses on reducing the latency of Network Reconfiguration in a distributed control infrastructure for component-level-based automation systems. It also will allow the creation of self-forming networks that can expand and contract on demand, extend into damaged areas with unknown infrastructures, and communicate between ad hoc elements as needed. Finally, the proposed effort will consider emerging automated tools for specification, design, implementation, testing, and verification for the chip design and development process. |
| FREEDOM VERTICAL TECHNOLOGIES
30 Memorial Parkway Long Branch, NJ 07740 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 822-3144
Mr. Steve Carbone Army 03-122 Awarded: 17DEC03 |
| Title: | Orthogonal Coding for Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop and assess an Orthogonal CDMA cellular communications system that capitalizes on the advantages associated with a unique pseudonoise (PN) code class identified as "Multiplexed Noise" (MN) codes. Employing MN codes for CDMA eliminates all of the major disadvantages of present CDMA systems that employ Maximal Length Sequence (MLS) codes. Those systems are forced to be non-orthogonal and process only a short segment of the MLS code. Obtaining orthogonal operation eliminates the near-far ratio problem and need for power control. This provides the maximum attainable capacity of n (n = the code length) users per cell or sector with no interference between any of the users. Optimum AJ and LPI/LPD is provided with a guaranteed processing gain performance improvement of n for every processed code. We will identify and develop proprietary concepts that can accommodate multiple data rates for spread spectrum systems such as used in LANs and in Future Combat Systems. This provides significant processing gain even for the high data rates associated with video. Using MN codes is still optimum here and several proprietary concepts we have enable combining inputs at different rates and maximizing the code lengths to obtain optimum AJ and LPI/LPD performance. |
| GENEX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
10605 Concord Street, #500 Kensington, MD 20895 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 962-6565
Mr. David Tunnell Army 03-123 Awarded: 16DEC03 |
| Title: | Disposable Small Tactical Ubiquitous Detection Sensors (STUDS) |
| Abstract: | This SBIR effort is to develop and test the feasibility of novel miniature disposable omnidirectional imaging sensors, dubbed as the "STUDS (Small Tactical Ubiquitous Detection Sensors)", that are able to provide day/night all weather 360-degree video surveillance and target detection/tracking capability with compact package size and adhoc wireless network communication channels for remote threat alarming. These novel sensors can detect targets at close to medium range distances to accurately recognize the target and determine its intent. |
| TANNER RESEARCH, INC.
2650 East Foothill Boulevard Pasadena, CA 91107 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 792-3000
Dr. Michael Emerling Army 03-123 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Low-Cost Disposable Imaging Sensors |
| Abstract: | Tanner Research is experienced in the development of sophisticated imaging devices and sensor systems. In the proposed effort, a low-cost, disposable visible color / NIR sensor node will be realized using a rapid-prototyping approach. Commercial technologies and software development approaches will be combined with compact packaging and highly integrated components to create a low-cost yet highly flexible and powerful imaging sensor node. Integrated imaging devices and illumination sources with sophisticated image processing capabilities will allow substantial reductions in required communications bandwidth and increased operator efficiencies. User interface software for sensor node control will provide increased visual awareness and intuitive methods for directing on-board image processing activities. Software programming interfaces for both on-board sensor control and user interface tools will be provided to ease development, customization, extension and on-going support. Design for manufacturability will be a key element of the design process, and will result in a highly affordable, even disposable imaging device. |
| EPIR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
590 Territorial Drive, Suite B Bolingbrook, IL 60440 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(630) 771-0203
Mr. Rasdip Singh Army 03-124 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Automated Wafer Polishing for Epi-ready CdZnTe Substrates |
| Abstract: | MCT grown on CdZnTe substrates is the dominant material for infrared photon detectors. However, the technology for polishing CdZnTe substrates to the quality demanded by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) does not currently exist in the United States. EPIR Technologies proposes to develop a technology for substrate polishing by (1) creating an advanced chemical polishing procedure for CdZnTe (2) creating a post-polish annealing procedure, and (3) growing MCT by MBE and fabricating photovoltaic devices. CdZnTe substrates that were previously used for MCT growth by MBE will be stripped of their MCT layers and polished (i.e. substrate reclamation or reclaiming). The reclaimed substrates will be characterized by atomic force microscopy, etch-pit density, profilometry, Hall, FTIR, and x-ray diffraction in the base period. In the option period, transmission electron microscopy will be employed to evaluate the atomic structure of the reclaimed substrates, and MCT heterostructures will be grown on the substrates. The development of this reclaiming technology will greatly reduce the cost of MBE-quality CdZnTe substrates and increase the yield of good MCT layers grown on CdZnTe by MBE. EPIR is committed to the development of MCT MBE technology and is the only commercial vendor of MCT by MBE in the United States. |
| MATERIALS & TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
64 1Sheafe Rd., Suite A Poughkeepsie, NY 12601 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(845) 463-2799
Dr. Ricardo Fuentes Army 03-124 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Development of Automated Batch Polishing and Reclaiming System for Epi-ready CdZnTe |
| Abstract: | MATECH will demonstrate, during Phase I, the capability to polish CdZnTe substrates to state-of-the-art EPI-ready quality. MATECH has already demonstrated a preliminary capability to produce EPI-ready material of superior quality. Phase II will automate and deliver a system capable of automated simultaneous polishing and reclaiming multiple substrates of sizes up to, at least, 70x70mm. MATECH will demonstrate that the polished CdZnTe substrates have a rocking curve virtually undistinguishable from the bulk material, as well as suitable topography as determined by AFM. At the core of the proposed effort is a novel, modified, non-contact chemical polishing process capable of producing consistent EPI quality CdZnTe substrates from ground material. This is a very important advance because, since the polishing is done purely by the chemistry and no abrasives are involved, mechanical subsurface damage and other structural defects caused by the polishing media and mechanical process are entirely avoided. MATECH has developed other materials, processes and systems for the Government before, and has successfully introduced most of them into commercial manufacture. MATECH has been featured in the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) 2002 Antiterrorism Technologies Report, on the cover of its 2003 Technology Applications Report, and in its Summer 2003 No.46 MDA Update. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4118
Dr. Patrick Henning Army 03-125 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Improved Infrared Screening Smoke Particles Using Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes |
| Abstract: | There is a continuing need for effective obscurants at infrared frequencies and below. In particular, the infrared screening effectiveness of current smoke materials needs to be improved by an order of magnitude based on the extinction cross section per volume of material. Foster-Miller, Inc., proposes overcome these deficiencies by developing improved infrared screening smokes using single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Foster-Miller will use its proprietary methods for dispersing and forming SWNT ropes that will meet the performance objectives for infrared screening smokes. During this Phase I program, Foster-Miller will produce grams of modified SWNTs and disperse these into a liquid media for infrared spectroscopic cell analysis of the extinction coefficient to demonstrate the technical feasibility of its approach. It will also demonstrate that during the time frame of the Phase II program, its teaming partner, Carbon Nanotechnologies, Inc. (CNI) will be in a position to provide high quality SWNTs at quantities and prices required for this application. (P-030597) |
| CALIBRANT BIOSYSTEMS
7507 Standish Place Rockville, MD 20855 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 424-2320
Dr. Jesse Buch Army 03-126 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Multidimensional Microfluidics for Mapping Post-Translational Modifications |
| Abstract: | This proposal aims to develop and validate a multidimensional protein separation platform based on polymer microfluidics technology which will be capable of mapping a wide range of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in complex protein samples. The proposed system employs three separation dimensions, namely: IEF, SDS gel electrophoresis, and MALDI-MS. The platform will combine IEF and SDS gel electrophoresis on a single microfluidic chip, with chip-level laser-induced fluorescence detection to record the separated protein positions, and an integrated electrospray tip array to elute separated protein bands from the chip onto a MALDI target plate for MALDI-MS analysis. On-target proteolytic digestion will be performed using two different enzymes to ensure a high degree of peptide coverage during MS analysis. This detection platform will eliminate the manually-intensive process of running standard 2-D gels, while also eliminating the sample dilution associated with traditional 2-D PAGE / MALDI-MS interfacing. Furthermore, the system is expected to provide complete 3-D separations in ~1 hour, approximately an order of magnitude faster than traditional 2-D PAGE / MALDI-MS, with greatly improved PTM analysis capabilities in a miniaturized format. |
| LYNNTECH, INC.
7607 Eastmark Drive, Suite 102 College Station, TX 77840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(979) 693-0017
Dr. Anthony Giletto Army 03-126 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Separation Technology for Glycoproteins |
| Abstract: | The successful identification, production, and purification of useful proteins (e.g., organophosphorous hydrolase) would allow for its incorporation into sensors, armor and equipment for soldiers, helping to improve soldier health and performance. Large portions of proteins undergo post-translational modification, resulting in a varying degree of protein function. The range of modifications that glycoproteins may undergo is vast due to the number of potential carbohydrate moieties that a protein could accept. Current separation and detection technologies have proven insufficient for dealing with glycoproteins; therefore, there is a great need for developing new separation techniques and/or technologies that can add a third dimension of separation for glycosylated proteins and other modified proteins. Lynntech proposes to develop a novel system capable of separating various levels of glycosylation within a targeted protein family, through the use of a novel carbohydrate affinity separation system. In the Phase I project, Lynntech will prove the feasibility of the novel separation system for isolating varying degrees of glycosylation that have occurred in a protein sample. In the Phase II project, Lynntech will build a prototype separation system that can be integrated with current commercially available two-dimensional separation systems to create a multi-dimensional separation system for glycoproteins. |
| SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS CO., INC.
500 West Cummings Park - Ste 3000 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 933-5355
Dr. Ssu-Hsin Yu Army 03-127 Awarded: 20NOV03 |
| Title: | A System Dynamics Approach to Buried Mine/Unexploded (UXO) Detection and Identification |
| Abstract: | Current landmine detection approaches use very little object specific information from the sensor signal. A drawback is high false alarm rates due to large overlaps of the limited feature sets used to distinguish mines from clutter. In this project, we will focus on a model-based approach to feature extraction and pattern recognition for the acoustic-seismic mine detection platform built by University of Mississippi. The acoustic-seismic mine detection approach has shown a lot of promise in detecting low-metallic (plastic) mines that are considered hard to detect by conventional metal detectors and GPR. The motivation of our approach is that by imposing mine/soil model under acoustic-seismic excitation we can perform more robust system identification. This, in turn, will help us extract physically meaningful features for statistical learning and target recognition under limited but noisy data. The main objective of the proposed effort is to investigate candidates of ISSD model that is most suitable for use of mine detection. The requirements for such models are not only accuracy of the models but also identifiability of the models given inquiry signal and sensor data. Our second objective is to develop a parameter estimation method, in parallel with the ISSD model selection. The method is to be used to determine from the collected inquiry signal and detector data any model coefficients that are not known during mine detection operations. The project team consists of Scientific Systems Company, Inc. (SSCI) as the prime contractor, and the University of Mississippi as the sub-contractor. |
| KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS, INC.
1408 University Drive East College Station, TX 77840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(979) 260-5274
Dr. Richard Mayer Army 03-128 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | 3D Topology-based GIS Model (TGIS) |
| Abstract: | We propose to research, design, and develop a boundary representation based topological representation model for 3D GIS. The representation model provides a theoretically sound foundation for intra-relation 3D GIS query. The intra-relation includes all encoded topological relationships except disjoint. Also, Octree-based spatial index, Polyhedron approximation based inter-relation GIS query filtering will be integrated with the proposed topological representation. The spatial index uses a 3D space partition concept to scope down a disjoint topological relationship or unencoded intra-relation. Polyhedron approximation for inter-relation query filtering helps reduce frequency of precise 3D computation and improve overall system performance. The rationale is that 3D computation for providing a topological relation sometimes is expensive and unnecessary. Most importantly, we are adopting a 3D topological representation that can incorporate current 2D GIS representations as a subset. Therefore, a majority of current 2D GIS functionalities can be reused in the proposed 3D GIS model. Based on our design, we will take advantage of characteristics of boundary representation and use them to bridge with existing 2D GIS layer schemas. We envision the approach will smooth the migration from 2D GIS to 3D GIS without jeopardizing performance of the proposed solution. |
| LASER-SCAN, INC.
45635 Willow Pond Plaza Sterling, VA 20164 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 435-2589
Mr. Jerry Lenczowski Army 03-128 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Implementation of a Geospatial 3-Dimensional Topology Model |
| Abstract: | The development of a conceptual design that demonstrates the feasibility for creating, storing, and exploiting 3-D topology in a commercial geographic information system will establish a new standard for the industry. Founding the design on the ISO 19107 Spatial schema standard, issued in 2003, and the Open GIS Consortium's Web Services standards will solidify the development and enable federal and civil organizations to procure standards based architecture. More importantly, the instantiation of a 3D Topology standard in commercial DBMS will provide the enabling tools for software based automated data maintenance in a real 3D world. |
| ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
9971 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 829-5864
Mr. Sid Kudige Army 03-129 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Spatial Data Mining Toolkit for Generating Mission Specific Data Sets (MSDS) |
| Abstract: | The Army today must be prepared to embark on contingency and emergency operations with very little advance notice in distant parts of the world. In such an environment, the geospatial information requirements to support operations cannot be accurately or adequately specified until close to the commencement of the mission. To be responsive to the needs of such missions, it is imperative to have a process for the rapid and timely production of Mission Specific Data Sets (MSDS). The traditional manual process for MSDS production is extremely labor intensive and time consuming. There is a need therefore for an automated tool to support rapid generation of MSDS with the required degree of fidelity from lower fidelity data sources. Spatial data mining techniques that have been developed in the recent past represent a key enabling technology for building tools to assist a topographer in rapidly generating MSDS feature data. Leveraging a number of novel spatial data mining techniques, Architecture Technology Corporation will develop an automation tool called TopoAssistant (Topographer's Assistant) to assist Army topographers in building "just-in-time" MSDS. The proposed Phase I effort will develop the architecture and design of the TopoAssistant software tool and establish its implementation feasibility through a rapid prototype. |
| NIELSEN ENGINEERING & RESEARCH, INC.
605 Ellis Street, Suite 200 Mountain View, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 968-9457
Dr. Laura Rodman Army 03-129 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Clustering and Overlay Analysis for Discovering Spatial Association Rules |
| Abstract: | An explosion of geographic data sets and related processing has occurred in recent years. Spatial data mining techniques are of interest to handle these large volumes of data and to identify relationships between features in a data set. Data mining holds the promise of being able to discover and validate association rules, to quickly determine whether a feature of interest is present, and to predict the existence of missing features. A spatial data mining technique is proposed which can work with data from multiple sources, can handle both numeric and categorical data, and can account for spatial neighborhood effects. This technique uses clustering, overlay, and statistical analyses to determine whether a group of features or attribute values are likely to appear together in a data set, and if so, whether an association rule can be validated between these features. The method will create a representational format for the data, identify both vertical and horizontal relationship types and determine their probability, and test and validate the specific relationships found. The Phase I project will demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, with the purpose of predicting missing features or rapidly identifying significant features in a large data set. |
| NOVAWAVE TECHNOLOGIES
230A Twin Dolphin Drive Redwood City, CA 94065 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 610-0956
Dr. Stephen Holler Army 03-130 Awarded: 02DEC03 |
| Title: | Real-time, Ultrasensitive Water Supply System Biosensor |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovative Research Phase I proposal seeks to develop an ultra-sensitive, low-cost, highly-redundant biowarfare (BW) agent sensor for the in-line monitoring of water supply networks. The compact microphotonic sensor will be capable of rapidly (<1 s) detecting multiple BW agents and pathogens via highly-selective DNA and protein-specific interactions. The sensor will provide real-time screening of water distribution systems for numerous targets, providing an on-site, highly-parallel sensor platform that outperforms existing sensor technologies for both small-scale and large-scale water networks. The Phase I research comprises demonstrating the core technology on pathogen simulants, and identifying fabrication formats that are suitable for large-scale manufacturing. The ability to detect waterborne pathogens rapidly with high selectivity will be demonstrated, and embodiments for the Phase II prototypes that are configured for DoD priority targets will be determined. The water screening biosensor will be installed, tested, and qualified at a DoD facility on priority targets during Phase II. During Phase III, the sensor will be adapted for commercial applications comprising military and domestic water quality monitoring systems and portable clinical diagnostic systems for first responders. The proposed real-time sensor system is an ideal trigger technology for proven, yet time consuming diagnostic methods such as PCR. |
| SVT ASSOC., INC.
7620 Executive Drive Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 934-2100
Dr. Andrew Wowchak Army 03-130 Awarded: 09DEC03 |
| Title: | Sensitive GaN-based Chemical and Biological Detectors for Monitoring of Water Supplies |
| Abstract: | Effective monitoring is critical in protecting populations against the dangers of accidental or intentional contamination of water supplies. For both civilian and military operations, fast-acting remote sensors are needed that can detect a range of possible biological and chemical substances, below toxicity levels in water supplies, and report the results to central computers. Additionally, for troops these sensors should be portable, easy to install, and low-maintenance for long-time continuous operation. In this Phase I project, SVT Associates in collaboration with the University of Florida will demonstrate the feasibility of chemical and biological sensors based on III-nitride optical and electrical devices for fast, reliable and automated monitoring of hazardous materials in water supplies. |
| SPORIAN MICROSYSTEMS, INC.
4699 Nautilus Court, Suite 201 Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 516-9075
Dr. Kevin Harsh Army 03-131 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Highly Selective, Low Power, Wireless, Immunoassay Based Optical Sensor for Detection of Water-born Pathogens. |
| Abstract: | There exists a need for near-real time detection and location of small quantities of waterborne biological agents by the warfighter. Since surface water is the primary water source for field soldiers, there is a critical need to determine the extent of potability. The objective of the proposed work is to design and build a small, low cost, highly selective, immunoassay based optical sensor/communication module that can be taken into the field by soldiers to wirelessly monitor streams and effluents for the detection of biological agents. This (Module) will include signal-conditioning circuitry and a radio frequency (RF) transmitter subsection. The signal conditioning subsection will process the raw signals from the sensor subsection and the RF section will transmit a device ID number together with an alarm indication. A soldier, using a handheld reader developed for the purpose, will be able to determine if modules are within communication range and whether any indicate an alarm condition. Work will concentrate on defining: application requirements, optimum target proteins, antibodies, and probes, the support/antibody preparation (membrane) techniques, the optimum packaging/integration strategy, and the means of signal dispersal, communication, and recognition. The work will be performed through a partnership between Sporian Microsystems and Phase IV Engineering. |
| BLAZETECH CORP.
24 Thorndike St. Cambridge, MA 02141 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 661-0700
Dr. Venkat Devarakonda Army 03-132 Awarded: 02DEC03 |
| Title: | Modeling and Simulation of Chemical and Biological Agents in Potable Water Systems |
| Abstract: | Modeling the fate and transport of CBR agents introduced into water is crucial to predict the vulnerability of current water distribution systems. Current hydraulics models such as EPANet do a reasonably good job of modeling the transport of pollutants in water. Such codes can be used to model the transport of CBR agents in water distribution systems, provided the material properties and degradation kinetics of these agents are integrated into the code and databases. The degradation mechanisms of interest include agent neutralization due to disinfectants in bulk water and interactions with rough pipe walls. In this study, we propose to carry out lab scale experiments on select simulants for anthrax, a biological agent and VX, a chemical agent to characterize the degradation kinetics due to exposure to chlorine, a common disinfectant in water. We will integrate the decay kinetics into EPANet and carry out code verification. The key deliverable at the end of this project is the EPANet model containing agent degradation databases for simulants of one chemical and one biological agent. |
| MILCORD LLC
1050 Winter Street , Suite 1000 #10008 Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 698-0440
Dr. Peggy Agouris Army 03-133 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Geospatial Exploitation of Motion Imagery |
| Abstract: | Motion imagery is emerging as a major source for intelligence information, especially in rapidly evolving tactical deployments. Novel deployment techniques, e.g. video sensors onboard unmanned aerial vehicles, distributed sensor networks, and handheld and fixed position monitoring systems are supporting the collection of timely, geospatially-registered information, enabling the precise monitoring of time dependent activity. The transition from static to motion imagery introduces significant challenges - indexing and retrieving large amounts of data, and extracting spatiotemporal activity patterns. Here, we present an innovative spatiotemporal helix approach to deriving temporal geospatial information from motion imagery. We present our approach for the scenario of identifying and labeling of object trajectories, and discuss its generalization to other geospatial information. In contrast to earlier work, our approach is applicable to arbitrary motion trajectories, and leverages metadata imbedded in the motion imagery stream for robust recognition. Our approach is fairly robust to incomplete and noisy data as our representation performs spatiotemporal smoothing, and filtering operations. We also propose to develop uncertainty management extensions to provide motion imagery time and position error budgets. Our Phase I research will show the enhancements and expansions to existing motion imagery capabilities in Army topographic terrain units, military intelligence units, and NIMA. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Dr. Lawino Kagumba Army 03-134 Awarded: 08DEC03 |
| Title: | Dendrimers for Capture and Detection of BWAs (1000-351) |
| Abstract: | Triton Systems proposes to develop novel dendrimers for detection and neutralization of biological warfare agents that can be easily incorporated into materials currently used as liners or filters in HVAC systems. Triton's approach will be to incorporate functional moieties on the periphery of PAMAM dendrimers that can "capture" and "neutralize" biological warfare agents. Using this method, the detecting agents and the passivating agents can be effectively immobilized in ultra-thin films that can be fabricated directly onto filter/liner substrates. |
| 21ST CENTURY SYSTEMS, INC.
12152 Windsor Hall Way Herndon, VA 20170 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(402) 505-7884
Mr. David Andersen Army 03-135 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | AmmoSIM |
| Abstract: | Compared to fighting in the open field, military operations in urban terrain (i.e., man-made, built-up areas) is the greater challenge. It is riskier and costlier in manpower, resources, and time. The urban environment easily provides the in-place enemy with settings for ambush, places to hide, civilians as shields for unscrupulous use, and many escape routes - above and below ground. Warfighting in cities adds so many challenges that most commanders would prefer to bypass population centers. How can we give our soldiers the advantage to this urban warfare challenge? In a word, information. 21st Century Systems, Inc (21CSI) sees an opportunity to provide the urban commander critical information using a weapon selection decision aiding tool during military tactical operations. The tool, entitled "AmmoSIM," will be used during action in the streets of the urban area. As the name implies, it simulates the direct employment and secondary effects of a specified set of weapon system components against a given target and the target environment. The tool would be used in conjunction with other terrain analysis systems and will provide two useful modes - single shot and barrage. This SBIR will culminate in an agent-based urban weapon-pairing management tool called AmmoSIM: a unique product. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Photonic Systems Division, 20600 Gramercy Place, B Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Sergey Sandomirsky Army 03-136 Awarded: 08DEC03 |
| Title: | Optical Measurement of Penetration Resistance, and Automatic Determination of Rating Cone Index |
| Abstract: | The Department of Defense currently administers 25 million acres of land. To expedite and reliably estimate mission impacts on this huge territory, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is soliciting an innovative portable device for estimating site condition in terms of Erosion Potential/Training Capacity/Trafficability (EPTCT). All current methods are based on manual collection of cone penetrometer data, which is neither automatic nor rapid. To eliminate this bottleneck, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a novel device for optical measurement of penetration resistance (OMOPR) for automatic determination of the rating cone index in off-road soil. This device, to be installed on any driven wheeled vehicle, will measure wheel tire track depth and correlate the results with cone penetrometer data. The proposed OMOPR functions automatically to continuously generate rated cone index values for site EPTCT estimation. A minimal amount of cone penetrometer data will be required for system calibration, and the depth of a tire track will be measured optically by a system of laser triangulation sensors. In Phase I, POC will provide a feasibility demonstration of the OMOPR technology. In Phase II, a full-scale OMOPR system will be developed and tested under field conditions. |
| QUEST INTEGRATED, INC.
1012 Central Avenue South Kent, WA 98032 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(253) 872-9500
Dr. Robert McCullough Army 03-137 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | A Portable Airfield Assessment Tool for the Evaluation of Pavement Condition Including Void Detection |
| Abstract: | An airfield pavement deflection system is proposed based on the Harr technique. The proposed device will be capable of detecting voids and weaknesses in runways, taxiways and tarmacs of remote airfields. Its compact design allows easy transport in C-130 aircraft and rapid deployment and operation. |
| ZYBRON, INC.
3915 Germany Lane Beavercreek, OH 45431 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 427-2892
Dr. Evan Zhang Army 03-137 Awarded: 09DEC03 |
| Title: | Void Detection and Stiffness Measurement System for Road and Airfield Pavements |
| Abstract: | Currently, people use man-operated heavyweight deflectometer to detect the void under runway and use large cone penetrometer to measure the soil stiffness. It is expensive, slow, and destructive. During the wartime, the operator will involve the risk from enemy_s land mine, sniper, and artillery attacks. In this proposal, a very innovative remote void detection and runway condition survey system using a small robot is designed. The robot will integrate GPS navigation, motion control, visible and infrared stereo sensor fusion camera, ground penetration Radar, obstacle avoidance laser scanner, actuator-activated cone penetrometer, and digital modem 7 sensors to survey the runway with a speed of 5 miles per hour. The detection and measurement methods are quick, quite, safe, accurate, quantitative, automatic, non-destructive or minor-destructive, and without human involvement. The measured data will be wirelessly sent to the powerful computer at the remote control center for further processing and get correct conclusion. The measured stiffness will be used to: 1) locate areas with potentially hazardous voids, 2) identify weak sections of pavement that would pose a high risk for catastrophic failures, and 3) aide in the determination of the pavement load carrying capability. Although the Army does not request a prototype delivery or demonstration in phase-I, based on our rich experience in the phase-I research for SOF (we will enter phase-II soon), we have confidence to build and deliver the above survey robot and its 7 integrated sensors to the Army. A field demonstration at any site selected by the Army will be performed. |
| APPLIED POLERAMIC, INC.
6166 Egret Court Benicia, CA 94510 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(231) 843-6648
Dr. Brian Hayes Army 03-138 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | High Temperature Matrices for Filament Wound Composites |
| Abstract: | The Army desires to have a high temperature matrix for use in filament winding composites that can be easily processed at room temperature and has a minimum glass transition temperature of 260C (500F)when cured. This objective will be accomplished by developing epoxy curing agent technology based on eutectic aromatic amine and anhydride chemistries. Eutectics are defined here as combinations of solid or solid/liquid amines or anhydrides that when properly combined become a stable liquid at room temperture and may even possess lower viscosity than either component alone. The use of specific high temperature aromatic amines and anhydrides will be combined and the eutectic nature determined. These eutectics, in combination with multifunctional epoxy resins, can achieve the required processing and high temperature performance necessary for missle and rocket composite applications. API will focus only on epoxy technology due to the knowledgebase, fiber adhesion, low cure shrinkage, easy processing, and low cost in comparison to other high temperature resins, such as: BMI,cynate esters,phthalonitriles, and imides. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Mr. Rock Rushing Army 03-138 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | High Temperature Matrices for Filament Wound Composites |
| Abstract: | Despite the extensive research expended on developing high Tg resins for composite filament winding applications, these resins require heated processing which limits their general acceptance in current production facilities. Novel filament winding matrix resins are therefore proposed to overcome this limitation. TRI/Austin will develop a new class of hybrid resins that will offer the desired combination of high Tg and low viscosity. In addition, a mechanism will be investigated whereby a thermal barrier skin effect will protect the composite from extreme temperatures. This may be relevant in terms of eliminating the secondary thermal barrier coating that is sometimes necessary on rocket motor casings. Additional low viscosity high Tg candidate resins will be identified and used for comparison to the hybrid resin systems developed. TRI/Austin's team for the Phase I effort will include experts in the field of rocket motor filament winding technologies. These experts include personnel from a prominent rocket motor manufacturer that has been in business for over 50 years and has extensive experience in solid propellant rocket and gas generator development and production. Processing and performance requirements will be identified to ensure that the developed matrix resins comply with the end-use and manufacturing requirements. |
| CONTINENTAL CONTROLS & DESIGN, INC.
1921 N. Gaffey Suite J San Pedro, CA 90731 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 831-8669
Mr. James Hynes Army 03-139 Awarded: 20JAN04 |
| Title: | Robust Alignment Concepts for Precision Guided Weapons |
| Abstract: | NETFIRES is a very sophisticated future ground launched missile. It is to be deployed in a sometimes unattended pod, and intended to be launched and controlled through AFATDS. While the individual missiles have their own navigation system, it may be desirable to know the orientation and location of the launch condition. These are classic artillery and mortar questions, significantly different from the dynamic transfer alignment problem alluded to in the topic description. The vertical axis is easy using gravity, but unfortunately, azimuth is much more difficult. Our best clues are limited to 1) earth rate 2) earth magnetic field 3) celestial bodies or other landmarks and 4) GPS attitude. In this project we will explore the tradeoffs of each. If there is an opportunity to transfer an azimuth reference from another electronic source, this will also be considered. |
| RDAS, INC.
11003 E.Bradford Circle Cerritos, CA 90703 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 379-4802
Mr. Augustus Green, Army 03-139 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Robust Alignment Concepts for Precision Guided Weapons |
| Abstract: | RDAS will baseline its effort from a generic system, the elements of which could be either collocated or non-collocated, wherein the targeting sensor, weapon and fire control systems are integrated, as is the case for modern system development. From the baseline, the sub-elements of the system will be defined and the error sources identified. The errors will then be categorized as fixed, variable or random and then characterized. Concepts for determining misalignment will then be generated. At the conclusion of Phase 1, and in preparation for Phase 2, RDAS will propose for a Phase 1 option to develop the methodology and the criteria needed to select the best concept of those concepts formulated in Phase 1. |
| SURMET CORP.
33 B Street Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 272-3969
Dr. Lee Goldman Army 03-140 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Cost-Effective Fabrication of Transparent Spinel Domes |
| Abstract: | Sapphire is the state of the art material for windows and domes with requirements for transparency from the visible to the mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) region, where environmental loading is an issue. Unfortunately, sapphire is expensive and costly to fabricate due to its an-isotropic properties. Spinel combines superior MWIR transparency with isotropic properties. Consequently, it can be formed into near net shapes, and fabricated at lower costs than sapphire. The combination of improved transparency with potential for lower cost, make spinel an attractive candidate for high volume applications such as the Common Mode Missile. However, there has never been a reliable supply of optical Spinel material. One reason for this is the lack of reliable supply of Spinel powder. In Phase I Surmet will modify commercially available powder as well as synthesize its own powder. This powder will then be consolidated and heat treated to full density. Surmet's spinel process will combine the best practices of its production ALON process with lessons learned during their ongoing spinel development effort with a customer. At the end of the Phase I program, optically transparent 6" hemispherical spinel domes will be delivered to the Army for further testing and performance evaluation, to be followed by program review and Phase II consideration. |
| TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT & TRANSFER, INC.
133 Defense Highway, Suite 212 Annapolis, MD 21401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 261-8373
Dr. Patterson Army 03-140 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Enhanced Spinel Domes |
| Abstract: | The common missile is being developed for operation from a wide range of air, sea and ground platforms. Predicted production costs are driving much of the development direction at this time and spinel is the only durable, dual-band, electro-optical dome material capable of meeting these cost goals. Production approaches are therefore being pursued to establish a robust, low-cost fabrication technology to deliver spinel domes with excellent optical properties that require minimal finishing. This will be achieved by pressureless sintering near net-shape green spinel domes and careful ceramic processing. This proposal outlines the key technical hurdles to the success of this technology clearly identifying an approach to achieve technical readiness. |
| BHTECHNOLOGY, LLC
1 jodi court, suite 613 wesley hills, NY 10952 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(845) 362-3316
Dr. Aron Kain Army 03-141 Awarded: 18DEC03 |
| Title: | Thermobaric Blast Pressure Gauges |
| Abstract: | BHTechnology proposes a novel development of a thermobaric blast pressure transducer. The pressure transducer uses a combination of selected materials, novel electronic detection techniques, and pressure sensing devices. |
| M4 ENGINEERING, INC.
4201 Long Beach Blvd., Suite 303 Long Beach, CA 90807 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(562) 981-7797
Dr. Myles Baker Army 03-142 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Weapon Weight Reduction Using Genetic Algorithms |
| Abstract: | The proposed project focuses on the development for an integrated system for structural optimization of weapon system components. The system provides an integrated process for topology optimization, geometry (shape) optimization, and sizing optimization. The software is designed to use 2-D and 3-D finite element solutions from off-the-shelf FEM solvers such as NASTRAN and ABAQUS or an internal FEM solver. Design constraints supported during the optimization process include compliance (stiffness), stress, buckling, and thermal (heat transfer) requirements. In order to reduce development risks, the software will be developed by integrating existing software packages wherever possible. This includes: (1) An off-the-shelf geometry modeling package that provides CAD import/export capabilities, (2) Two optimization packages that provide user-selectable optimization techniques (genetic algorithms and gradient based methods), (3) A FEM mesh generation package, (4) A cross-platform graphical user interface package, and (5) A distributed parallel computing package allowing concurrent execution of numerous trial solutions. The use of a scripting language to integrate the various software components results in a cross-platform application with a built-in scripting interface and API. |
| NEXTGEN AERONAUTICS
2780 Skypark Drive, Suite 400 Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 891-2807
Dr. Akhilesh Jha Army 03-142 Awarded: 18DEC03 |
| Title: | Weapon Weight Reduction Using Genetic Algorithms (WREGAL) |
| Abstract: | A team comprising NextGen Aeronautics and Purdue University proposes a software design that will integrates the processes of structural design, analysis, and optimization tools. The preliminary design, optimization variables, finite element mesh, and other structural properties will be set-up in terms of B-spline parameters and a global search for the optimum design will be conducted using a genetic algorithm. The software will have the capability of automatic mesh adaptation and parallel processing. It will evaluate different design alternatives using external finite element solvers such as ABAQUS and NASTRAN through Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). Apart from ensuring the cross-platform suitability of the software, special emphasis will be placed on minimizing user intervention after initial problem set-up. Under a potential Phase II program, we will implement of the software design, and demonstrate its capability and effectiveness. The planned effort complements the current research work being done at NextGen and Purdue University. To ensure near-term technology transfer, NextGen Aeronautics plan to coordinate the Phase I efforts with major aerospace and automotive companies, and include them on the team on a Phase II program. |
| COMBUSTION RESEARCH & FLOW TECHNOLOGY, INC.
6210 Keller's Church Road Pipersville, PA 18947 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 766-1520
Mr. Brian York Army 03-143 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Rocket Exhaust Plume Secondary Smoke Formation Modeling |
| Abstract: | Our proposal addresses the inclusion of a secondary smoke model into a modern CFD code that is widely used for plume simulations. This will permit high fidelity simulations of dynamic, missile exhaust plume flowfields that, under certain conditions, produce a condensation cloud that can obscure the electromagnetic signals utilized for guidance and targeting. We will utilize a state of the art Navier-Stokes code that already contains much of the requisite physics (finite-rate chemistry, multiphase particulates, condensation/vaporization, etc.) in a dynamic grid framework that was developed to analyze extended plumes (launch to target) for tactical systems. In Phase I, we will implement and demonstrate the operation of an advanced secondary smoke model in the CRAFT CFDr code that will model the condensation of water vapor on heterogeneous nuclei in the presence of HCL. The resulting droplets will be composed of water only and droplets with variable water/acid compositions will be addressed in Phase II. We will assess the potential of the modeling approach for providing high fidelity predictions that can accurately simulate secondary smoke formation in tactical missile exhaust plumes under a broad range of conditions, and in our optional task, perform studies for a representative tactical missile system. |
| MATERIALS & ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH (MER) CORP.
7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 574-1980
Dr. Chris Chen Army 03-144 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Nanocomposite Processing for Multimode Radome Applications |
| Abstract: | Improvement in deployed missile system capabilities has been one of the essential missions for U.S. Defense. Next generation missile systems will require multi-mode seekers to improve standoff distance, provide all weather capability, and allow for some degree of target recognition or aim point selection. Therefore, there is a need for developing an advanced material for tri-mode RF seekers. Utilizing these technologies requires radomes that are compatible with IR, RF, and millimeter wavelengths. This program proposes an innovative method of processing nanocomposite powders to achieve a fully dense nanocomposite, which can be fully transparent from 1 to 7 microns. The program will investigate the effects of particle size and the heat treatment on the final structure and IR transparency. During the Phase I program, hot-pressing will be performed and pressureless sintering will be performed during the Phase II program. By combining the IR transparency and low dielectric properties, the material developed from this program can be compatible with IR, RF, and millimeter wavelengths and can survive the thermal-structural environment. |
| MATERIALS MODIFICATION, INC.
2721-D Merrilee Drive Fairfax, VA 22031 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 560-1371
Dr. T.S. Sudarshan Army 03-144 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Nanograin MgF2 for Multi-Mode Seeker Dome |
| Abstract: | Next generation missiles require multi-mode seekers that combine both infrared and millimeter wave capabilities to improve standoff distances and allow for accurate target recognition. Materials used to fabricate domes for such seekers suffer from drawbacks such as high dielectric constant and/or inferior transparency to IR. Magnesium fluoride is a candidate material for the above application since it is known to possess superior dielectric and IR transmission properties than other traditional dome materials. Despite the established promise of this material, it has not yet been successfully used, due to its inferior mechanical properties. In this Phase I Small Business Innovation Research project, Materials Modification Inc., aims to overcome the above drawback of MgF2 by fabricating nanostructured material that will exhibit good mechanical and optical properties. MgF2 nanopowders will be prepared by a proprietary process and will be compacted to high-strength, optically transparent pieces for fabrication of multi-mode seeker missile domes. Phase I will involve processing of the nanoparticles and their consolidation into near net shapes while Phase II will include scaling up the process for producing, in addition to domes, a large number of parts for use by defense organizations. |
| MILITARY SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
741 Rising Sun Road Telford, PA 18969 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 905-5896
Mr. Michael Wilson Army 03-145 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Particulate Impact/Erosion Phenomena and Materials Failure for Supersonic KVs |
| Abstract: | The development of missile technology and missile systems will benefit greatly from a capability to simulate the dynamic particulate aerodynamic environment that a supersonic missile experiences during flight. Such a capability will provide the systems design engineer the ability to assess the mechanical and optical performance of the targeting system in a solid or liquid particle environment and determine whether or not the window will fail or to what extent the missile's ability to kill the target is degraded. Currently this capability does not exist. Systems developers must rely on costly and time consuming testing that in all but a few examples do not meet the requirements or rigors of the particulate environment. This effort develop a capability to incorporate into the ATAC3D code a particulate model that can model the impact environment, statistically quantify the number of impacts, the size distribution of the impacts, the level of damage experienced by the window, probability of failure, and optical performance. |
| LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC.
2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 557-5894
Mr. Michael Vercellino Army 03-146 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Performance Assessment of Carbon Nanotube Containing Coatings and Sealants |
| Abstract: | Electromagnetic interference (EMI) has become a major concern in military applications, as EMI interference reduces the lifetime and efficiency of instrumentation and telecommunication equipment. Luna Innovations, in this Army Phase I SBIR, will assess the effectiveness of single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) additives in enhancing the EMI shielding of current military paints and coatings, while preserving or improving other coating characteristics (for example, corrosion resistance and durability). Single wall carbon nanotubes are prepared at Luna Innovations (nanomaterials division) and numerous other sources, and have properties and aspect ratios greatly influenced by the mode of preparation. In Phase I, Luna will evaluate various admixtures of single walled carbon nanotubes (functionalized and unfunctionalized) and current military coatings with respect to EMI shielding, durability, corrosion and chemical agent resistance. Carbon nanotubes of varying aspect ratios will be used, until the most promising formulations are identified for further research and commercial development. A detailed cost analysis will be completed in Phase II. Luna Innovations has assembled a dynamic team combining expertise in nanotube synthesis and functionalization/solubilization techniques, electrical engineering, corrosion science, a military coatings supplier and expert, and business/marketing specialists to ensure a successful program and transition to Phase II/Phase III optimization and commercialization. |
| ACELLENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
155C-3 Moffett Park Drive Sunnyvale, CA 94089 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 745-1188
Dr. Peter Qing Army 03-147 Awarded: 06JAN04 |
| Title: | A Novel Self-sensing Local/Global Structural Health Monitoring System |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposed project is to develop dual E/M impedance and wave propagation based innovative structural health monitoring (SHM) system for application to composite structures for Army rotorcraft and unmanned air vehicle platforms. Composites can incur invisible damage from impacts, loading abrasion, operator abuse, or neglect that if unchecked may lead to lower structural reliability, higher life-cycle costs, and loss in operational capability. This situation can be rectified by the use of a built-in inspection system that can monitor structures in real-time thereby providing for inspection and damage detection with minimal labor involvement. Acellent proposes the development of a stand-alone sensory array system containing the capabilities for local and global structural area damage detection, data evaluation, wireless data transmission and data storage and processing. The system will be developed based on Acellent's SMART Layer Technology that utilizes a built-in network of piezoelectric transducers embedded on a thin dielectric carrier film that queries, monitors and evaluates the condition of a structure. Phase I will focus on demonstrating the feasibility of development of a dual methodology E/M impedance and wave propagation system using an embedded sensor network. Architecture requirements for a diagnostic/prognostic SHM system will also be developed in conjunction. |
| ET MATERIALS LLC, FORMERLY ECOTECH
3239 MONIER CIRCLE, #4 RANCHO CORDOVA, CA 95742 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(916) 631-6310
Mr. Charles Grix Army 03-149 Awarded: 07JAN04 |
| Title: | THROTTLED PROPULSION USING AN ELECTRICALLY CONTROLLED EXTINQUISHABLE SOLID PROPELLANT DUAL STAGE MOTOR |
| Abstract: | Utilizing newly developed solid propulsion technology developed at ET MATERIALS LLC a throttable controlled solid rocket motor will be develoed that incoporates variable thrust control without moving parts or varying the nozzle area. A dual mode grain incoporating ET MATERIALS controllable extiguishable solid propellant will be used to vary the pressure in the chamber containing a conventional AN high slope propellant. Various models will be studied to establish a thrust throttable range of 15:1 and determine the capability to provide for extiguishmens and reignition of the propellant grains. In addition, the capability of the controlled solid propellant to provide thrust control during the trnansient ignition phase will be established, thus providing for total thrush control management of the motor. |
| GHKN ENGINEERING, LLC
P.O. Box 2585 Redmond, WA 98073 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 836-1390
Dr. Richard Smith Army 03-149 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Throttling Solid Propellant Rocket Motor with Adaptive Thrust Control |
| Abstract: | An innovative nozzle concept is proposed to enable variable thrust solid rocket motors to operate with minimal loss in efficiency over a wide thrust range. The proposed approach will also allow commanded near-extinguishment of the motor, and more controllable start transients. The approach will be compatiable with an adaptive control system to allow closer adherence to a specified mission profile. A Phase I program is proposed which will evaluate the concept using CFD analysis and produce an optimized approach for a development test program to be conducted in Phase II. Pintle design concepts have been applied in the past with limited success. The proposed design addresses the problem areas identified in previous solid motor variable thrust programs. By applying technologies used in other applications, the Phase I objective will be to determine the feasibility of variable thrust solid motor operations with higher performance throughout the thrust range by providing convincing evidence that the technical issues can be resolved. Phase II will demonstrate the feasibility by conducting component and engine testing, final design, and prototyping of a development system suitable for production design culminating in a demonstration test of the development hardware. |
| PROPULSION RESEARCH, INC.
651-H Southview Court Culpeper, VA 22701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 727-7980
Mr. Carl Anderson Army 03-149 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | A Throttling Solid Propellant Rocket Motor with Adaptive Thrust Control |
| Abstract: | This proposal outlines a Phase I SBIR program to define and develop a throttling solid propellant rocket motor with enhanced performance capability and minimum 15:1 turndown that provides total thrust management capability for tactical missile applications thru adaptive control and propellant extinguishment (also non-extinguishment) techniques. The adaptive control techniques to be used will interface with a variable area nozzle system to provide closed-loop control system capability with the built-in intelligence necessary to provide on-demand thrust control to the missile. Active optimal thrust control during the important ignition transient phase will be fully implemented and the overall delivered performance of the pintle motor will be maximized to the greatest extent possible. Many propellant formulations obtained from three different propulsion companies will be evaluated to ascertain the candidate providing the greatest overall motor performance capability. Insensitive munitions, aging, smoke and other important propellant performance parameters will be ranked and scored to determine this BEST available propellant candidate. As a result of PRI''s present state of pintle motor development in several key program focus areas, the Phase II program will be able to concentrate exclusively on hardware development and pintle motor testing. In addition to testing at propulsion companies, pintle motor testing at support contractor operated Government testing facilities will also be proposed with Sponsor approval. |
| HITTITE MICROWAVE CORP.
12 Elizabeth Drive Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-3343
Mr. Mitchell Shifrin Army 03-150 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | High Speed X-Band Single Pole 4 Throw Switch |
| Abstract: | This solicitation calls for the investigation and development of a specialized high performance X-band Single Pole 4 Throw (SP4T) microwave switch. This switch will be used in used at the US Army AMCOM's Hardware-in-the-Loop (HWIL) facilities. The currently used PIN switch technology has rise and fall times on the order of 200 nS, as the goal is to switch at a rate of 60 MHz switching speeds on the order of 3 nS are required. In conjunction with demanding insertion loss and isolation requirements the specification is extremely challenging. This proposal presents the methodology to be used during Phase I to develop the optimal switch. Simulations presented in the proposal include insertion loss, isolation, switching speed, video feed through and various transient simulations. In this proposal we describe several technological alternatives to PIN technology for fast switching the most promising candidates including MESFET, PHEMT and MHEMT technologies. These technologies are all depletion mode FET based technologies and while their cut-off frequency is considerably lower than that of PIN technologies their switching speed is superior. The three terminal structure of the FET devices and the fact that they do not require a DC current to sustain their ON state makes biasing them simpler in comparison to PIN devices. The Phase I option will be used to develop the interface and packaging concepts required to achieve the isolation and interface goals for the SP4T. |
| Q-DOT, INC.
1069 Elkton Drive Colorado Springs, CO 80907 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 590-1112
Mr. Michael Hoskins, Army 03-150 Awarded: 22DEC03 |
| Title: | Active RF Switch Array (9646) |
| Abstract: | Q-DOT proposes to develop an Active RF Switch Array for the Army's hardware-in-the-loop (HWIL) missile seeker test system. The switch array is designed to route 10 GHz X-band signals at low levels of approximately 0 dBm. IBM's SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) technology is used to create ultra-fast active RF switches capable of switching times of 200 ps or less. This integrated circuit technology may also be capable of integrating other functions such as gain and signal combining in order to produce a complete 4 x 4 or 4 x 8 switch matrix on a chip. The active switch approach has the potential to provide ultra-fast switching with constant port impedances while reducing the size and component count of the switch matrix. Under Phase I, Q-DOT will perform an architecture study and circuit approach evaluation to determine the feasibility of the switch array and the more complex switch matrix. A prototype switch array will be built and tested in Phase II. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
135 S. Taylor Avenue Louisville, CO 80027 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Dr. Christopher Wood Army 03-151 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Compact, Efficient, and Robust Eyesafe Ladar Transmitter |
| Abstract: | The Army has identified a need for a laser transmitter for the NetFires Loitering Attack Missile and Precision Attack Missile programs, and for similar ladar systems in expendable munitions. CTI has performed a detailed trade study which shows that current 1 or 1.5 micron laser architectures (based on bulk Ho, Er and Tm lasers, OPOs/OPAs and Raman lasers) are poorly-matched to Army requirements for transmitter cost, efficiency, footprint and performance ( 5-10W, 20-30kHz, 5-20ns, 0.3-1.0 mJ). Single-mode or large-mode-area double-clad fiber lasers are attractive for efficiency, cost and packaging, but the peak power levels required for Netfires are too close to limits set by damage and parasitic nonlinear processes. Our trade study, conducted to meet Army efficiency and packaging goals, has led us to a novel patent-pending fiber-based laser architecture that retains the advantages of single mode fiber, but enables robust scaling to peak power levels required for the Army application. The architecture provides a clear path to a simple, compact and robust system with low parts count and high wallplug efficiency. A preliminary concept for the rugged prototype transmitter has been developed, leveraging off CTI's widespread experience with rugged flight-qualified laser systems and mature optical telecom components at 1.5mm, as well as recent demonstrations and parallel programs. Phase I will conduct validation demonstrations of the ladar transmitter and develop a preliminary design for the prototype transmitter. Phase II will develop and test the prototype, and deliver it to the Army for testing. |
| SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS CO., INC.
500 West Cummings Park - Ste 3000 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 933-5355
Dr. Ssu-Hsin Yu Army 03-152 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Mixed-Effects Logistic Regression Model for Missile Reliability Prediction |
| Abstract: | In this Phase I SBIR project we propose to use a Linear Mixed Effects Logistic Regression Model for missile reliability assessment. An effective model candidate for missile reliability assessment must be flexible enough to incorporate the different nature of covariates, yet simple enough to allow practical methods for parameter estimation using a realistic amount of sample data. A Logistic Regression Model is particularly suitable for modeling dichotomous data such as pass/fail in missile tests. The main advantage of a Mixed-Effects Model is that it provides a systematic method of aggregating a large numbers of effects of different nature into a manageable number of random effect terms in the model. This in turn allows us to estimate the model parameters efficiently. By combining the desirable features of these two models, we expect the proposed model will perform favorably compared to standard linear regression models. During this Phase I project we will obtain test data, determine the appropriate model structure and estimate the model parameters, and evaluate the model prediction performance to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed model. We will also investigate the use of the Expectation-Maximization algorithm to cope with the issue of incomplete covariates data. Dr. Alyson Wilson and Dr. Nicholas Hengartner from Los Alamos Lab will provide consulting support on the choice of model structure and covariates, and parameter estimation issues during the Phase I period. |
| EERGC CORP.
18A Mason Irvine, CA 92618 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 768-3756
Mr. Mark Sheldon Army 03-153 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Novel Fuel Gel Formulations and Methods for Property Optimization |
| Abstract: | Gelled propellants are safer to handle, have reduced flammability and lower spill susceptibility compared to traditional liquid fuels. However, they are more difficult to atomize and combust, and the gelling agent can cause a loss of specific impulse. EERGC Corporation in cooperation with subcontractor NGST, a leader in gel propellant technology, proposes to develop MMH-based advanced fuel gels that provide higher volumetric specific impulse, incorporate combustible particulate gellants, and have established spray characteristics. To do this we will optimize the physical and chemical characteristics that determine the suitability of gels, including quantitative measures of: 1) The affinity of the components with one another, which affects fluid separation; 2) Physical properties, including surface tension and viscosity, which affect flow and atomization; 3) Chemical properties including energetic content which affects the specific impulse, and the resulting combustion products, which affect the plume emissions signature; 4) Evolution of gaseous products by physical or chemical means, which affects the long-term storage of the gels. This is a departure and advancement over prior work, quantitatively addressing significant issues not previously addressed, particularly the impact of interfacial interactions on heterogeneous gel ingredient interactions and on the surface tension properties and breakup behavior of the gel. |
| ORBITAL TECHNOLOGIES CORP.(ORBITEC)
Space Center, 1212 Fourier Drive Madison, WI 53717 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(608) 827-5000
Dr. Martin Chiaverini Army 03-153 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Advanced MMH-Based Gel Fuel |
| Abstract: | ORBITEC and SRI propose to develop an advanced gel propellant fuel based on monomethyl hydrazine (MMH) that provides higher volumetric specific impulse, incorporates a combustible particulate gellant, and has desirable stability and aging characteristics. To improve volumetric Isp, a performance-enhancing compound can be added in conjunction with existing polymeric gelling agents, or new high-energy gellants can be used. Various solid-fuel additives will be considered to provide additional performance benefits by increasing density specific impulse. Atomization can be improved by adding surfactants to modify the MMH surface tension. The resulting MMH-based gel fuel is expected to meet the demands of at least 25 lbf-s/in3 increase in volumetric specific impulse, minimum exhaust signature, high stability, and long life required for advanced propellant gels. |
| ARDE, INC.
500 Walnut Street Norwood, NJ 07648 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(201) 784-9880
Ms. Estelle Anselmo Army 03-154 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Advanced Gel Bipropulsion Tank System |
| Abstract: | Development of three Bipropellant Tank designs with mechanically linked pistons for Advanced Small Missile Systems. The study will consider the technical and fabrication issues associated with the design, and rate the comparative merits leading to the selection of Phase II continuation. |
| ORBITAL TECHNOLOGIES CORP.(ORBITEC)
Space Center, 1212 Fourier Drive Madison, WI 53717 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(608) 827-5000
Mr. William Knuth Army 03-154 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Constant Mixture Expulsion Tank System (COMET) |
| Abstract: | ORBITEC proposes to develop a Constant Mixture Expulsion Tank System (COMET) to meet the Army's need for advanced gel bipropulsion tank systems the guarantee a constant volumetric Oxidizer-to-Fuel ratio. The benefits of the COMET result from the innovative mechanical linkage mechanisms developed by ORBITEC for maintaining constant volumetric propellant flow. The Phase I COMET development program will produce a series of detailed design studies of potential gel bipropulsion tank system configurations, including structural analysis, materials evaluation, testing of prototype mechanical linkage mechanisms, testing of prototype tank system configurations using water-based gel propellant simulants, the design of pressure relief systems to satisfy the Insensitive Munitions requirements, the preparation of three flight-like design alternatives for evaluation by the Army in Phase II, and detailed development, fabrication, and test plans for the Phase II effort. |
| TIAX LLC
Acorn Park Cambridge, MA 02140 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 498-6230
Mr. William Murphy Army 03-155 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Development of Medic Blood Pack |
| Abstract: | TIAX LLC proposes to develop "Personal Blood Pack" that can contain a single unit of PRBCs and keep it at a desired temperature (1 to 10 C) for over 48 hours under extreme ambient conditions. The design will be met by an innovative combination of advanced thermal insulation and phase change materials. In the proposed Phase 1 of the program, we will analytically evaluate a variety of material and configuration options, fabricate, and test a proof-of-concept prototype. |
| ARTANN LABORATORIES, INC.
1753 Linvale-Harbourton Road Lambertville, NJ 08530 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 333-0710
Dr. Armen Sarvazyan Army 03-156 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Skeletal Muscle Water Content Measurement Sensor/Tool |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to develop a Muscle Water Content (MWC) sensor, an ultrasonic device for assessment of body hydration status in soldiers with accuracy better than 2% during deployment and training. The MWC assessment is based on measurement of ultrasound velocity in muscle, which is, to a good approximation, a linear function of the water content. The expected outcome will be a lightweight, compact, and simple sensor for military use as well as civilian medical use for assessment of hydration status of various institutionalized patient, athlete, and worker populations. The proposed ultrasonic sensor will advantageously differ from the existing techniques by its completely non-invasive application, higher accuracy, rapid tests and possibility of continuous monitoring MWC by a portable lightweight device in the field. The goals of Phase I and Option Effort are to build the first MWC sensor prototype and to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed technology and necessary sensitivity in the experiments on tissue models and ex vivo animal muscles. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
7519 Standish Place, Suite 200 Rockville, MD 20855 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 294-5229
Dr. Eric Doorn Army 03-156 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | UWB Muscle Water Content Sensor |
| Abstract: | During this Phase I, we intend to evaluate Ultra Wide Band (UWB) radar for use as a sensor for water content of skeletal muscle. The sensing mechanism is based on the large difference between the dielectric constant of water, and that of the host material. We have clearly demonstrated the feasibility of this approach for sensing of moisture in materials with gross dielectric properties similar to invitro muscle tissue. The sensor will be capable of generating two- and possibly three-dimensional images of water content of skeletal muscle. The sensor will be non-contact. The basic hardware (UWB chip set) is being developed for the communications market, where economies of scale will sharply drive down prices. This will allow for the development of a novel, cheap, and accurate non-contact Total Body Water (TBW) sensor. Because our hardware emits ultra-low power RF signals (45microwatt, as compared to about 2 Watt for a cellphone), there is no risk to human subjects to be subjected to the sensor. |
| BIOSCALE, INC.
8 Saint Mary''s Street, Suite 603 Boston, MA 02215 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 358-2657
Dr. Alok Srivastava Army 03-158 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Proteomic Biomarker Diagnostics for Early Detection of Cancer using MEMS Biosensor Arrays |
| Abstract: | BioScale is developing a high-throughput diagnostic tool to perform proteomic assays of multiple protein biomarkers for early detection of cancer and infectious disease. Genomic and proteomic profiling of tumors and cancer cells are enabling the new paradigm of "Proteomic Diagnostics", namely the measurement of multiple biomarkers matching the proteomic profile of specific disease states. Such tests promise to achieve the ideal of >96% sensitivity and specificity. Elucidation of specific proteomic profiles of cytokines released in response to infectious disease offers another such opportunity. Rapid and specific measurement of multiple proteins in the serum proteome can be enabled by instruments based on arrays of non-fouling biosensors capable of sensitive and quantitative detection. This Phase I proposal will demonstrate such detection capabilities in a non-optical MEMS sensor array by integrating a candidate set of biomarker assays aimed at early detection of prostate cancer. Phases II and III of this effort will focus on further clinical screening of sets of proteomic biomarkers and the development of the sensor array platform into a rapid diagnostic tool for clinical labs. Such a proteomic profile assay system will accurately detect specific disease states in individuals facilitating effective screening and therapeutic decision-making in military and civilian settings. |
| BIOTRACES, INC.
13455 Sunrise Valley Drive, Suite 200 Herndon, VA 20171 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 793-1550
Dr. Andrzej Drukier Army 03-158 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Supersensitive detection of biomarkers for Prostate Cancer |
| Abstract: | We propose to improve prostate cancer diagnosis by using a panel of multiphoton detection (MPD) enabled immunoassays for proteins associated with prostate cancer. This panel will include proven markers such as PSA, and the recently discovered markers AMACR, E-FABP, EZH2, HEPSIN, and PIM1. In Phase II, we will develop assays to members of the kallikrein family of proteases other than PSA and will convert this panel of immunoassays into a super-sensitive P-chip. Some additional markers are expected to be discovered using MPD based differential display of proteins in Phase II. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Photonic Systems Division, 20600 Gramercy Place, B Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Gregory Zeltser Army 03-158 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Microfluidic Refractometric Proteomic Array System |
| Abstract: | To address the Army's need for a high-throughput proteomics-based assay system for sensitive quantitative detection of cancer biomarker metalloproteinases and measurement of alterations in their activity, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Microfluidic Refractometric Proteomic Array (MIRPA) system. The system will perform label-free quantitative detection of the activity of the members of the family of metalloproteinases in unpurified extracts of tissue or body fluid. The MIRPA system will contribute to early and accurate diagnosis of cancer and increase caregivers' ability to adapt to a tumor's changing phenotype as a particular therapy progresses. This technology will also be very useful for generating infectious disease profiles and profiles characterizing exposure to biological and chemical warfare agents. In Phase I, POC will design and fabricate a MIRPA model and demonstrate the proof-of-concept. Phase II will culminate in a prototype that will successfully distinguish between normal and cancerous/diseased tissue using well-characterized controls as well as clinical and pathological findings. |
| AWARE, INC.
338 Conant Rd Weston, MA 02493 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 642-9622
Mr. Richard DeVaul Army 03-159 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Personal Area Network for Warfighter Physiological Status Monitoring (WPSM) |
| Abstract: | We describe an effort to design and implement a reliable, secure, medium-bandwidth wireless personal area network (WPAN) that supports routine, continuous ambulatory physiological status monitoring of physically active warfighters. This proposal primarily addresses the development of a Warfighter Physiological Monitoring System, or WPSM, wireless sensor PAN. The WPAN supports the WPSM mission of continuous physiological data acquisition and real-time health, performance, and injury classification. Enabled by the WPAN, the WPSM comprises a light-weight, robust, self-contained body-worn, or "wearable," system for monitoring such physiological parameters as heat, hydration, fatigue, and injury, Further, the WPAN enables the WPSM to provide early-warning indicators of exposure to biological/chemical weapons and pathogens. Finally, the WPAN enables the WPSM to enhance individual performance, improve planning and team-level situational awareness, and improve combat casualty care. The WPAN would be useful in general commercial environments, where team members collaborate and cooperate to accomplish a task. Furthermore, the WPAN would be useful in hazardous environments, where safety workers must operate to aid others in peril. |
| AGAVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC.
P.O. Box 80010 Austin, TX 78708 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(607) 272-0002
Dr. Theresa Curtis Army 03-160 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Respiratory Endothelial Cell Sensor for Real-Time Air Toxicity Monitoring |
| Abstract: | Because endothelial cells organize to form a tight barrier under normal conditions, several electrical devices have been used to measure the electrical resistance of endothelial cell monolayers. An Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) system can measure the electrical impedance of endothelial cell monolayers on gold electrodes in real-time. This system is extremely sensitive to any changes in the integrity of the endothelial cell barrier and therefore would make an ideal biosensor to detect changes in endothelial cell "health" after exposure to a broad range of chemical and biological warfare agents. Although this device has been used for several years to assess endothelial cell monolayer integrity after exposure to a variety of agents, to date this system has not been exploited for development as an airborne toxin biosensor. We believe such a novel system could be developed by integrating current ECIS systems with respiratory endothelial cells, microfluidics, and air sampling technology. In this Phase I, Agave BioSystems proposes to adapt ECIS technology for detection of airborne chemical and biological agents using respiratory endothelial cells as a broad and highly sensitive detector, state-of the art air samplers for monitoring the environment, and microfluidic technology for continuous delivery of samples to the biosensor. |
| BEE ALERT TECHNOLOGY, INC.
200 Rimrock Way Missoula, MT 59812 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(406) 544-9007
Dr. Jerry Bromenshenk Army 03-160 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Honey Bee Fast Response System for Broad Band Detection of Airborne Toxicants. |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovative Research Phase I project is to develop a broad band detection system for air toxicity. Our overall objective is to show that honey bee orientation and locomotor behaviors can be used as reliable and measurable indicators of certain airborne toxicants. Locomotor sufficiency and directional orientation are behaviors that should unambiguously indicate toxicant exposure. Nearly all airborne toxicants affect the sensory systems or neuromuscular coordination of honey bees, either through cuticular absorption or inhalation,. Above threshold exposures, neurological and motor impairment should progressively degrade efficiency of movement of bees toward a goal. The resulting application builds upon our proven bee colony real-time monitoring and data delivery system. The proposed project introduces new features to: (1) demonstrate that honey bee orientation and movement at the hive exhibit unique responses upon exposure to airborne toxicants, (2) quantify dose-response relationships to the tested toxicant, (3) determine lower threshold concentrations for measurable response; (4) determine whether other environmental perturbations could elicit a similar behavioral response, and (4) demonstrate that a bee colony will display measurable responses across a range of exposures in less than 30 minutes, over a two week demonstration period. These studies will facilitate construction of semi-quantitative response profiles for a hazard evaluation system, and for benchmarking bee responses to existing human exposure risk data, resulting in a report on the efficacy of using bee behaviors to monitor health hazards from airborne toxicants, as well as a plan for a hive-mounted device that can be incorporated into our existing real-time monitoring/reporting systems, leading to Phase II application, and Phase III activities and self-sufficiency. |
| 3RD MILLENNIUM, INC.
400 Totten Pond Road Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 890-4440
Dr. Jack Pollard Army 03-161 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Integrated Architecture for Functional Genomic Measurements |
| Abstract: | The integrated informatics architecture proposed here will facilitate the construction of gene regulatory and other biological pathway models from networks of molecular and phenotypic associations. Current commercial or academic solutions are mostly limited to basic analysis of array data to determine differential expression and do not practically address the advanced analysis of array data to uncover sets of regulatory associations between genes. Moreover, no commercial solutions exist to assist scientists in the critically important task of taking the results of these advanced analyses and assembling testable models from them. The work proposed here will create a next generation informatics architecture that overcomes these deficiencies by providing (1) advanced analytical methods to identify from either Affymetrix or De Novo spotted RNA array data networks of regulatory associations between genes and (2) methods to assist in the interpretation of function genomic results by providing methods to build gene-phenotype association models about which, how and where molecules associate with one another and what are the molecular and phenotypic effects of the association. The components of the architecture will be able with freely exchange information with biological databases, literature mining, analysis and visualization applications to allow better interpretation of the resulting analyses and models. |
| ENERGID TECHNOLOGIES
124 Mount Auburn Street, Suite 200 North Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(888) 547-4100
Dr. John Hu Army 03-162 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Untethered Haptics-Optional Surgical Training System |
| Abstract: | An innovative technique is needed to simulate the "look and feel" of open surgery. Current techniques are inadequate for training and measuring surgical skill. Visual feedback is especially important for open surgery, with haptic feedback secondary. Energid Technologies proposes developing an open surgery training system that uses our method of video-based tool tracking. Our approach will unintrusively capture the motions of the surgeon and accurately render the visual scene. This will allow the surgeon to use normal, untethered instruments. This will be combined with optional, untethered magnetic haptic feedback that is made possible through the video-based tool tracking. These techniques will be combined with surgical-skill metrics and training feedback to provide a complete training system. Our archetype procedure will be open splenectomy in a case of splenic trauma. |
| INTUITIVE SURGICAL, INC.
950 Kifer Road Sunnyvale, CA 94086 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 523-2416
Dr. Christopher Hasser Army 03-162 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Haptics-Optional Surgical Training System (HOSTS) |
| Abstract: | Surgical simulation has a widely recognized potential to improve the training of surgeons, yet faces many technical and market challenges. A simulation system based on an adaptation of the da Vinci surgical system already owned by the Army at Walter Reed, capable of open as well as minimally invasive surgery simulation, and developed by Intuitive Surgical, a potential user of simulation technology (not just a promoter) would address many of these challenges. Because the da Vinci system was designed to emulate open surgery, the da Vinci master has all the degrees of freedom necessary for an open surgery simulator. Intuitive will leverage synergies with millions of dollars of past R&D investment, hundreds of person-years of prior work, and a collaboration with SimSurgery AS to produce a demonstration simulator coupled with the da Vinci surgeon's console by the end of the Phase I. Intuitive will use its unique combined role as a medical device company using simulation to meet training requirements as well as a technology provider to pull simulation technology through to its surgeon customers and cut a path for other simulation applications to gain entry into hospitals. |
| SIMQUEST INTERNATIONAL LLC
8401 Colesville Road, Suite 305 Silver Spring, MD 20910 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 587-9440
Dr. Howard Champion Army 03-162 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Haptics-Optional Surgical Training System (HOSTS) |
| Abstract: | In summary, we propose to plan a prototype Basic Surgical Trainer as part of a standardized basic surgery training curriculum, which we will develop with input from world leaders in surgical education. During Phase I, the trainer will focus on one surgical procedure, i.e., sebaceous cyst excision, and its subtasks that comprise key skills for surgical training. The subtasks will be evaluated to determine which ones need haptics for effective training, and to develop performance metrics to set an objective standard for skill acquisition. During the option period, we plan to complete a design document, and develop the curriculum and performance metrics. During Phase II, we plan to build the prototype and validate the curriculum and the simulator with respect to their efficacy in providing training that translates into excellence in the operating room. In addition, we plan to use surgical trainees in a transfer of training study and to evaluate the need for haptics as part of a simulator training device. |
| TIAX LLC
Acorn Park Cambridge, MA 02140 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 498-6483
Mr. Raymond Avitable Army 03-163 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Re-Usable Intraosseous Infusion Device |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to develop an innovative solution for a durable, portable intraosseous infusion device. Utilizing TIAX?s broad range of skills and experience in developing military field equipment, medical devices and a variety of other products, we will develop a completely mechanical device. This includes the handle/driver, needles, and depth control features. This approach is being taken to simplify the design of the infusion device. The simplicity of the device is critical to its performance under the conditions it will be used. In addition, we are eliminating the need for a power supply, such as batteries. This step is being taken to minimize the logistical requirements associated with a battery-powered device. Regardless of storage time, number of uses, and energy requirements, this compact device will be ready for deployment and use. |
| DNA SOLUTIONS, INC.
840 Research Parkway, Suite 546 Oklahoma City, OK 73104 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(405) 271-1114
Dr. Tom Kupiec Army 03-164 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Diagnostic Microarray Test Based on Comparative Studies of Gene Expression in Humans with Common Inflammatory and Infectious Diseases |
| Abstract: | In order to assure accurate detection of exposure to biological warfare agents or any environmental agents, it is necessary to exclude a variety of common conditions that may confound proper diagnosis. Many groups, including ours , have found that biological warfare agents can stimulate inflammatory systems, the same systems found stimulated in common inflammatory disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease or ankylosing spondylitis. In order to create an accurate diagnostic tool, it is therefore necessary to define the changes in gene expression that are characteristic of these common inflammatory diseases in clinically accessible tissue (such as peripheral blood) and compare them with the genetic expression level changes characteristic of exposure to biological warfare agents. The database of genes that make this distinction most effectively will be used in the creation of a practical diagnostic test. The addition of the work proposed herein to our existing projects will result in complete expression databases for rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, hepatitis C and ankylosing spondylitis. This will allow for the creation of a straightforward test reflecting only the gene expression changes indicative of exposure to particular biological warfare agents or existing inflammatory conditions |
| PBL BIOMEDICAL LABORATORIES
131 Ethel Road West Suite 6 Piscataway, NJ 08854 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 777-9123
Dr. William Clark Army 03-165 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Accelerated Drug Design Through Computational Biology |
| Abstract: | Our initiative to design agents to combat Plasmodium falciparum, the most debilitating of several malaria strains, combines powerful bioinformatic techniques to develop protein target structures with a multifaceted strategy for rational drug design. Using the available x-ray crystal structure of CDK2 as a structural template, we will generate and validate three-dimensional structural models of the P. falciparum kinases using computer-based homology modeling techniques. These models, together with structures available for mammalian CDKs, will enable us to employ a battery of computer-assisted rational drug design techniques, including a proprietary tool called Shape Signatures, to accelerate the identification of drug candidates that not only are potent antimalarial agents but also selectively inhibit P. falciparum over human CDKs. The limited success of prior compounds examined under these criteria may be attributed to "off the shelf" testing rather than their rational design. This study will remedy this shortcoming by employing computer-assisted drug design approaches to exploit differences in key ligand-binding residues within Pfmrk versus mammalian CDKs. Our modeling study of PfPK5 is provided as proof-of-concept. This design strategy is further enhanced by our expertise in protein expression, assay development and execution such that lead validation provides rapid iterative feedback to the molecular design process. |
| TRANSTECH PHARMA, INC.
4170 Mendenhall Oaks Pkwy High Point, NC 27265 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(336) 841-0300
Dr. Tariq Andrea Army 03-165 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Accelerated Drug Design Through Computational Biology |
| Abstract: | New computer-based modeling and data mining tools are continuously being developed to help assess and exploit targets uncovered in genomic research. Traditional computer-aided drug design software has several serious shortcomings. Cross-vendor incompatibilities induce users to use single software exclusively. The user's ability of `Mix & Match' software, unattainable with any current offering, has been shown to enhance in silico hits discovery and enrichments and to lead to increased hit rates. Additionally, low throughput of compute-intensive jobs in commercial seriously limits `Docking-scoring-hit identification' due to its inability to partition and streamline jobs execution across a cluster of compute servers. These limitations inspired TransTech Pharma to introduce innovations to circumvent them. The proposed system features a graphical user interface, `Mixing & Matching' cross-vendor software, uses a `divide-and-conquer' strategy to increase throughput across a multi-unit/multi operating system distributed processing architecture to parallelize job execution across a cluster of compute servers. This parallelization would maximize throughput of complex and compute-intensive computational chemistry tasks. The system will be validated using structure-activity information for three cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors - PfPK5, PfPK6, and Pfmrk as targets. Initial work showed that Pfmrk has 40% sequence identity to MAP-Kinase P38 whose crystal structure would serve as threading & homology model template for Pfmrk. |
| ENDOBIOLOGICS INTERNATIONAL CORP.
7151 Kestrel Drive Missoula, MT 59808 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(406) 543-7909
Dr. Gary Gustafson Army 03-167 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Innovative Manufacturing Techniques for Polysaccharide-Protein Conjugate Vaccines |
| Abstract: | This project develops a conjugate vaccine against Shigella flexneri 2a utilizing cGMP-compatible manufacturing processes. The antigenic component of the vaccine is deacylated-polysaccharide from the bacterial LPS that has an average of one O-antigen repeat unit per polysaccharide molecule. The polysaccharide is deacylated by a biological process, and has a core structure with intact phophosphoryl groups. It is expected that phosphorylated core components will elicit antibodies that cross-react with LPS of other strains and species of Shigella that share these core epitopes. Phase I research studies will provide a cGMP-compatible method for producing the conjugate vaccine, and Phase I Option studies will evaluate the immunogenicity of the vaccine, and its potential to elicit cross-reactive antibodies against several serotypes of S. flexneri and against other Shigella species. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Mr. Edward Salley Army 03-168 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Anti-Microbial Nanoparticles Composed of a Magnetic Core and Covered with Photocatalytic TiO2 |
| Abstract: | Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to utilize reverse micelles as constrained nanoreactors for controllably fabricating magnetically extractable, anti-microbial nanoparticles. A 20 nm diameter nanoparticle composed of a magnetite core surrounded by a titanium dioxide (anatase phase) shell will be the target of this Phase I. Critical to the success of this effort is the ability to control the micelle geometry and to minimize the processing temperature necessary for crystallization of the anatase layer. PSI intends to demonstrate the ability to control the diameter of the micelle's aqueous core, forming a cage-like structure, limiting the formation of the coating to a thin, uniform, conformal layer. After the coating layer is applied, temperatures in excess of 400 C are normally required to obtain the desired crystalline form and further densify the layer. These high temperatures can lead to defects in the structure through inter-diffusion, undesirable phase changes, and the generation of electron/hole recombination centers; potentially leading to both inefficient photoactivity and poor magnetic performance. In Phase I, PSI expects to demonstrate, using a simple metal salt, the formation of the anatase phase at temperatures as low as 150 C. |
| PRECISION CONTROL DESIGN, INC.
135 Eglin Parkway, S.E. Fort Walton Beach, FL 32548 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(850) 244-1923
Mr. Robert Conlan Army 03-169 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Programmable Wrist-Worn Prediction Model and Environmental Stress Monitor |
| Abstract: | In the next few years it will be possible to build a commercially viable wristwatch sized instrument suitable for Objective Force Warrior that contains environmental sensors, motion sensing, electronics, and algorithms to predict environmental stress, sleep, performance, and life signs. The complementary sciences have been extensively developed by their respective research agencies, but have not been integrated into in a single instrument. Continuous day and night time human activity modeling and environmentally driven thermodynamic algorithms provide the basis for a physiologic model that may predict metabolic expenditures, and indirectly estimate core temperature variability for specific activities. The proposed Programmable Wrist-Worn Environmental Stress Monitor will provide the wearer with estimates of stress and strain as defined, and overall fitness for duty throughout the day. The instrument will accomplish this by: 1) Measuring the daily ambient environment and estimating work rate, 2) Continuously estimating sleep and recording sleep history, 3) Applying stress/strain and performance algorithms, and displaying the results. |
| APTIMA, INC.
12 Gill Street, Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 496-2427
Dr. Eileen Entin Army 03-170 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Perioperative Readiness Information Management Environment |
| Abstract: | Accurate patient information is perhaps the most important requirement for the delivery of safe, coordinated and comprehensive care by members of the health care system. This is especially true of the complex and high-risk perioperative process where the consequences of compromised patient safety can be severe. To help avoid errors, the entire team must share the same awareness of the situation and the information must be accessible at will in order to see trends and make predictions. There is a need for an integrated perioperative support system for delivering the best possible care to patients, thereby reducing errors and increasing patient safety. A human factors and risk analysis approach to identify safer clinical processes can inform the design of a perioperative information support system. To achieve this goal we will design and develop PRIME, a web-enabled, model-based Perioperative Readiness Information Management Environment. In the base period we will identify the normative model of information flow in the perioperative process and identify vulnerabilities in the network that would most benefit from a layer of decision support, and in the option period design the concept for the system. |
| LIVEDATA, INC.
1030 Massachusetts Avenue, Suite 350 Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 576-6900
Mr. Jeffrey Robbins Army 03-170 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Patient Safety Perioperative Readiness Support System |
| Abstract: | This Phase I Proposal aims to analyze current perioperative protocols and develop a plan for a fully integrated, patient-centered data acquisition system enabled by interactive PC-based devices. The study will include a detailed report on integration challenges present in current operating room procedures and logistics. Existing methods of obtaining patient information prior to and during surgery is redundant, inefficient and susceptible to errors. In this project, all areas of data acquisition involved in surgical procedures will be examined, from the operating room environment to hospital-wide IT systems. The solution to these present challenges will propose an innovative and unique solution of a single database that automatically records information to track the entire perioperative environment. This database will also provide an objective understanding of the nature and incidence of adverse events in operative rooms/surgical settings, and also effectively support the deployment and measurement of strategies to prevent such adverse events. LiveData, Inc. will be working directly with investigator from Massachusetts General Hospital to define, design and implement this product (in Phase I and Phase II). Long term, a complete hardware software solution will be built based on this studies finding. |
| PARALLEL SOLUTIONS, INC.
763D Concord Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 876-2178
Dr. Alexander Andrianov Army 03-171 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Polyphosphazene Presenters for the Mulitmeric Protein Malaria Vaccine |
| Abstract: | There is a critical need for the development of malaria vaccine to protect military and civilian personnel. It has been demonstrated that the PfMSP1-42 protein, a leading vaccine candidate, might require presentation in a multimeric form to achieve the optimum efficiency. Parallel Solutions Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop water-soluble polyphosphazene based carriers for the effective multimerization of the PfMSP1-42 protein. PSI has previously shown that polyphosphazene polyelectrolytes can effectively bind protein molecules in multimeric non-covalent complexes, which demonstrated superior performance in vivo when compared with alum and other adjuvants. These interactions result from the conformational adjustability of the macromolecule, the diversity of attachable ligands and the high functional density and multimeric display. The lead candidate, PCPP, has demonstrated an excellent safety profile. PSI will screen already synthesized polyphosphazene compounds for the optimal binding characteristics and refine polymer structures as necessary. In Phase I, we will identify and develop polyphosphazene-PfMSP1-42 protein complexes capable of multimeric protein presentation without affecting the conformational epitopes. |
| LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC.
2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(434) 220-0159
Dr. Michael Danilich Army 03-172 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Isolation of Focal Adhesion Kinase-specific Modulators |
| Abstract: | Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) plays an important role in transducing signals generated by cellular adhesion molecules regulating cellular migration, growth and survival. It is becoming clear that FAK also relays angiogenic signals from multiple cell surface proteins. Inhibition of FAK by expression of the noncatalytic carboxyl-terminal protein-binding domain of FAK, known as FRNK (FAK-related, non-kinase) reduces vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)- and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-induced angiogenesis, as well as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced proliferation and migration. Additionally, embryos of FAK-knockout mice demonstrate impaired blood vessel formation most likely due to migratory defects. Thus, FAK activity appears to be essential for angiogenesis. This emerging role for FAK suggests that a small-molecule inhibitor of FAK would disrupt angiogenic signaling. Additionally, the use of FRNK has demonstrated that FAK inhibition may enhance the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents on transformed cells and inhibit proliferation of tumor cells. Thus, a small-molecule, FAK-specific inhibitor would have many applications. We have developed high throughput screening assays for identification of small-molecule, kinase-specific inhibitors. We will screen an extensive natural products library derived from plants of rare genera to isolate and identify FAK-specific inhibitors. |
| EPITOMICS, INC.
1015 Grandview Drive South San Francisco, CA 94080 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 583-6688
Dr. Dongxiao Zhang Army 03-173 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Amplification of Proteins in Body Fluids for Early Detection of Biological Warfare Exposure |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I project will lead to the development of a technology to detect very low levels of multiple pathogen-specific proteins or human proteins very quickly after exposure to biological warfare (BW) agents. The technology will link several proven techniques in a unique sequence so that a mixture of biological warfare proteins can be accurately and sensitively detected in one simple procedure. First, we will generate high affinity rabbit monoclonal antibody (RabMAb) pairs for specific biomarkers, using our proprietary rabbit hybridoma technology. Second, we will develop a sensitive, multiplexed assay system that combines antibody binding, T7 RNA polymerase amplification and DNA array detection. Our technology will eliminate the requirement of sophisticated proteomic instruments, radioactive labeling and large scale automation, yet will possess the potential to detect hundreds of low level proteins in a simple assay. We have named the novel protein detection technology Multiplexed Quantification Using Antibodies and T7-amplification, or MultiQUANT. In Phase I, we will generate RabMAb pairs for 3 BW biomarkers. Concomitantly, we will validate MultiQUANT technology using anti-fibronectin RabMAb pairs that we already have in our possession. In Phase II, we will develop the MultiQUANT system for several dozen BW biomarkers. |
| UTOPIACOMPRESSION, CORP.
11150 Olympic Blvd., Suite 1020 Los Angeles, CA 90064 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 473-1500
Dr. Jacob Yadegar Army 03-174 Awarded: 02JAN04 |
| Title: | Advancing Training Techniques of Non-Invasive 3-Dimensional Ultrasound Sound Technologies for both Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications |
| Abstract: | Ultrasound is known to be an excellent imaging modality for trauma cases due to its portability and versatility. These factors allow ultrasound to be particularly suitable for battlefield imaging and diagnoses. However, the modest display technology and lack of intelligent systems do not allow battlefield ultrasound to live up to its true potential. In this work, UtopiaCompression proposes the development of a novel three-dimensional hand-held display device and analysis package that is powered by artificial intelligence and highly sophisticated adaptive models of external and internal anatomy that will dramatically increase the diagnostic power of battlefield ultrasound. Using this non-invasive diagnostice imaging technology, a medic would be able to gain and utilize information that is currently either unappreciated or simply unavailable. The power of this medical diagnostic imaging system stems from its adaptive capabilities and its intelligence in localizing anatomy of interest with respect to certain anatomic landmarks and displaying and recognizing known patterns and classifications of normal and abnormal anatomy. Furthermore, given this intelligence at display and localization and the ability of the system to guide even inexperienced users to acquire diagnostically useful views, the training times of medics performing medical ultrasound on the battlefield should be greatly reduced. Overall, this system should allow a low cost, highly efficient, and well integrated diagnostic ultrasound system whereby the user is more efficiently engaged with the scanning hardware and imaging tasks. The anticipated result of this research is to produce a user friendly intelligent visual anatomic guidance/decision support system/device backed by an effective 3D modeling and visualization technology that can significantly assist army medics in their ultrasound training and decision making. |
| WAVEBAND CORP.
17152 Armstrong Ave Irvine, CA 92614 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 253-4019
Dr. Barnabas Takacs Army 03-174 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Portable Visual Anatomic Guidance System for Diagnostic Ultrasound Applications |
| Abstract: | Waveband Corporation offers to develop a portable 3D visual anatomical guidance solution to support medical ultrasound devices in order to provide military personnel expert assistance in performing diagnostic and therapeutic ultrasound on the battlefield. The proposed solution will be a rugged and easily deployable visual interface to examine and treat the injured or sick in far-forward conditions in which lower-skilled medics would have to acquire and transmit these scans to higher-skilled clinicians working at a remote telemedicine facility. The system, called 3D Anatomically Guided Ultrasound Device will use a state-of-the art portable real-time animation solution to display a high fidelity model of the human body and provide active computer assistance to the medic performing the examination by visually displaying how the image plane of the ultrasound probe moves toward the specified anatomic location as she or he manipulates the ultrasound probe over the combatant's body. Our innovative approach employs Digital Human Technology (DHT) and image guided external registration techniques to measure the 3D motion of the probe and register its location to the precise features of the combatant's body. Therefore, our 3D visualization interface will be easily integratable with any existing ultrasound device used in clinical practice today. |
| VECTOR TEST SYSTEMS
2033 Yellowthroat Place Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 499-5053
Dr. Kirti Dave Army 03-175 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Portable Test for Detection of Viruses in Arthropod Vectors |
| Abstract: | VecTOR Test Systems proposes to produce the Dengue Panel antigen assay, the Japanese Encephalitis (JE) antigen assay, the Ross River Virus antigen assay and the Rift Valley Virus antigen assay. The proposed assays will be performed in a rapid, one-step immuno-chromatographic process for identification of Dengue serotype-1, -2, -3 and -4 viruses, JE, Ross River or the Rift valley viruses in vectoring mosquitoes. The technology is based on the simple and reliable wicking immuno-chromatographic detection.method by which sensitive test-strip based panel assays provide results in less than 30 minutes. The proposed dipstick assays will be stable at ambient storage conditions. During Phase I, a sufficient number of tests will be produced for laboratory and preliminary field evaluation. The proposed VecTOR Antigen assays will complement the commercially available VecTestTM (VecTest is a trademark of Medical Anlaysis Sytems, Inc) panel or individual rapid assay for detection of mosquito-borne pathogens such as Malaria (Plasmodium falciparum and vivax CS Panel assays), Encephalitis (SLE, WEE, EEE) and West Nile virus antigen assays. __________________________________________________ ___________________ |
| ASPEN AEROGELS, INC.
184 CEDAR HILL STREET MARLBOROUGH, MA 01752 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 481-5058
Dr. Roxana Trifu Army 03-176 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Aerogel Composite Pack for Transportation and Storage of Single PRBC Unit |
| Abstract: | The transfusion of red cells far forward from the FSTs will enhance medical treatment and increase the survivability of wounded soldiers before evacuation. The use of a lighter and more efficient container than the currently approved Collins box will enable soldiers to carry one PRBC unit and store the blood pack for over 48 hours under extreme conditions. Novel lightweight materials and concepts are required to provide durable, low cost thermal protection for temperature sensitive medical supply. The conformable aerogel materials developed by Aspen Aerogels Inc. have already demonstrated excellent insulation performance at both ambient and low pressures. Aspen Aerogels proposes to utilize this novel aerogel technology in combination with integral phase change materials to demonstrate a superior individual PRBC transport package. The 1lb pouch-in-bag container proposed by Aspen Aerogels, Inc. is reusable, easy to use and has superior thermal management capabilities than the current technology used by military for transport and storage of PRBC units. |
| ISCA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
P.O. Box 5266 Riverside, CA 92517 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(909) 686-5008
Dr. Agenor Mafra-Neto Army 03-177 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Development of a Field Portable Mosquito Monitoring System with Attractant |
| Abstract: | To increase the ratio of combat to support personnel and to preserve the health of combat personnel. Accurate surveillance of disease carrying mosquitoes provides risk assessment for some of the most important military infectious diseases including malaria, leishmaniasis, dengue, and West Nile virus. Current methods only approximately measure the risk, unless dangerous human-bait collections are performed. Better methods would reduce the number of vector control personnel required because their efforts could be targeted to the most problematic locations. Improved vector control would reduce the number of cases of disease among combat personnel. Development of a field portable mosquito monitoring system to identify the true disease risk (from disease vectors) in an operational environment is therefore a high priority for the Department of Defense; a portable device ready to use anywhere that electronically scores the number of disease carrying insects. We envisage a field portable, durable, light, remote mosquito monitoring system that incorporates observational software with more robust algorithms to handle lower contrast settings with higher background noise levels, into a small "data logger" type device used in conjunction with a miniature camera(s)/ imagery device to accurately record both visual and time duration data of mosquitoes landing on an artificial attractant surface. This system would be used in combination with an attractant-monitoring surface. |
| ADVANCED CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS, INC.
7615 Golden Triangle Drive Suite A Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(612) 986-3917
Dr. Keith Lurie Army 03-178 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Noninvasive Treatment of Hemorrhagic Shock |
| Abstract: | Hemorrhagic shock is the leading cause of death in combat injuries. This application focuses on a novel way to treat hemorrhagic shock using a new device called the inspiratory impedance threshold device (ITD). The ITD increases blood pressure and survival rates in animals in hemorrhagic shock. Phase I studies in human volunteers are intended to demonstrate proof of concept that use of the ITD is a) feasible, b) tolerable, and c) will increase cardiac stroke volume and stabilize blood pressure in normotensive and hypotensive subjects. In spontaneously breathing subjects the ITD creates a small vacuum within the chest, forcing more blood from the extra-thoracic veins into the heart with each inspiration. This results in an increase in blood pressure, without an immediate need for intravenous fluids or surgical intervention. Phase II studies will focus on use of the ITD in volunteers subjected to hypotension simulating battlefield shock in a lower body negative pressure chamber and in hypotensive patients in the emergency room. The studies are designed to demonstrate that the ITD can "buy time", until more definitive care is available. The studies will shed new light on the mechanisms and treatment of hemorrhagic shock, with important military and civilian applications. |
| ARMORWORKS, INC.
7306 S. Harl Avenue Tempe, AZ 85283 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(480) 517-1150
Mr. William Perciballi Army 03-179 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Composite SAPI Body Armor |
| Abstract: | Composite armor technology program to develop an all-composite armor system that meets protection requirements for U.S. Army Small Arms Protective Insert (SAPI) body armor plates. This technology uses unique composite materials and processes to replace the ceramic elements of the current SAPI system, thereby reducing cost and solving a raw materials scarcity problem associated with current ceramic armor systems. Ballistic testing on actual SAPI plates is used to demonstrate feasibility. Armor development and test activities are conducted on SAPI size medium armor plates. |
| M CUBED TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
921 Main St Monroe, CT 06468 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(302) 454-8600
Mr. Michael Aghajanian Army 03-179 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | High Toughness, Hard Faced Metal Matrix Composite SAPI Plates |
| Abstract: | An extremely capable team of M Cubed Technologies and Simula is proposing to replace existing ceramic-based small arms protective insert (SAPI) personnel armor plates with hard-faced metal matrix composite (MMC)-based products. This new product will offer much greater durability due to the relatively high fracture toughness of MMCs relative to ceramics. In short, the program will produce MMC tiles, examine hard facing of the tiles via traditional thermal spray processes, and characterize the products for physical and ballistic properties. Variables to be studied will include the MMC composition, the type and thickness of hard facing, and the hard coating process. Finally, an economic analysis of the most promising system(s) will be made, with a comparison to the current ceramic-based systems. The strengths of the team members will be utilized, such as M Cubed's expertise in developing, characterizing and commercializing advanced materials; and Simula's expertise in designing, testing, manufacturing and fielding advanced armor systems. |
| TEN BAR RANCH MFG. LLC
11893 Hillcrest Rd. Golden, CO 80403 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 642-0299
Mr. Craig Neff Army 03-180 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Development of Stitchless Seaming Equipment |
| Abstract: | A technology has been developed whereby a polymer (plastic) is delivered through a nozzle onto an area to be seamed causing the polymer to bond to the substrates to which it has been applied. This is accomplished by coaxially delivering laser energy in the plastic as it is being applied. The laser energy coaxially delivered in this way is referred to as Laser Enhanced Bonding (LEB). This process is patented (Patent #5348604). The name of the technology is copyrighted and is referred to in the textile industry as LightSeam. The resulting seam is impermeable, flexible, environmentally safe, long lasting, and aesthetically pleasing. Butt seams generated utilizing LEB demonstrate impermeability approaching or exceeding parent material strengths. This impermeability extends from helium and other gasses to blood pathogens, chemicals, water, and any other characteristics the parent material has been engineered to achieve. The technology allows for the use of virtually any polymer, to be used in conjunction with virtually any complex substrate construct. LEB allows common off-the-shelf polymers to be used in applications previously reserved exclusively for solvent based technologies (neoprenes, rubbers, leather, etc.). This is an incredibly significant environment opportunity. No comparable seaming technologies exist today! |
| VENTANA RESEARCH
831 North Camino Miramonte Tucson, AZ 85716 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 325-0440
Dr. John Lombardi Army 03-181 Awarded: 09DEC03 |
| Title: | Self-Decontaminating Barrier Material Incorporating Catalytically Reactive Membranes for Individual and Collective Protection on a Chemically/Biologic |
| Abstract: | A new class of visible light activated photocatalysts will be developed, characterized, and treated upon various CB barrier polymer materials. The performance of these LADM treated films will be determined for compositions where the LADMs are present both as a surface coating as well as a filler within the polymer barrier coating matrix. The self -decontamination kinetics of these LADM treated films will be fitted to a variety of reactive filled polymer transport models. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71, 16 Great Hollow Road Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. Michael Izenson Army 03-182 Awarded: 09DEC03 |
| Title: | Portable, Re-Usable, Non-Electric Beverage Chiller |
| Abstract: | Soldiers must drink over a gallon of water a day to operate safely and effectively in hot climates. We propose to develop an individual cooling element that can cool an individual soldier's drinking water to boost consumption. The unit is portable, re-usable, requires no electric power, and can meet the Army's specifications for cooling capability and light weight. In Phase I, we will prove the feasibility of our approach by demonstrating the cooling process in the laboratory and showing that the Phase II prototype can meet the Army's specifications. In Phase II, we will build prototype coolers and demonstrate them under realistic conditions. |
| DIVERSIFIED MARKETING GROUP
109 Forrest Avenue Narberth, PA 19072 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 667-5589
Mr. David Goodman Army 03-183 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Development of Silent Hook and Loop Closure System |
| Abstract: | Current hook and loop products bear the producing of noise burden which is of increasing concern to the military community and is an irritation in some commercial applications. Similar to zippers, which have a "zipping noise, snap fasteners and plastic buckles which have a "clicking" noise when either engaged or disengaged, the "ripping" noise generated by hook and loop has become a product standard. The SBIR seeks to enhance technology by collaborating with industry and academia, harnessing these talents with the development of a silent hook and loop (touch fastener) closure system where currently available products are extensively used and is at its loudest. A silent closure system will offer stealth field operation for the individual soldier, especially on reconnaissance mission, and battalion levels where soldiers are gathered and noise must be kept to a minimum. Combat based uniforms that require stealth attributes, will be quieter in varying climatic conditions, resistant to mud and lint pickup in laundering. Opportunities to revolutionize the hook and loop fastener market exist through the purview of this SBIR, developing a lighter weight, more flexible without loss of holding strength product that offers characteristics that counter detrimental qualities in current technology. |
| FOX PARACHUTE SERVICES
Rt. 1, Box 32A Belleville, WV 26133 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(928) 782-2068
Mr. Roy Fox Army 03-184 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Modular Parachute Concepts |
| Abstract: | Modular concepts will be applied to round parachutes and parafoil parachutes for the purpose of improving utility and reducing cost. Round parachute designs will be formed from the alteration of uniform fabric panels and limited sewing operations. Fabric panels of round parachutes will be connected with structurally suitable cordage ties to facilitate rapid fabrication and maintenance repairs. Parachute geometry, aerodynamic performance, and reefing capability for designs employing the modular concepts will be demonstrated. Parafoil parachute designs will be formed by lacing the canopy sections or cells together for allowing dissection and piece part recovery as desired. The lacing technique used to connect the parafoil cells will employ processes like those used for the mid-span reefing opening load management method. The canopy geometry and aerodynamic performance that results from application of the modular concept will be similar to traditional parafoils. Release of the parafoil modular sections will also be demonstrated during flight as a method for transitioning the gliding system to a vertical trajectory for landing. |
| CASCADE DESIGNS
4000 1st Ave S Seattle, WA 98134 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 676-6032
Mr. Mike Andrie Army 03-185 Awarded: 04DEC03 |
| Title: | Micro-Atomizing Logistic-Fuel Delivery System |
| Abstract: | Given the high pressures required to micro-atomize logistics fuels, we believe the smallest and safest Micro-Atomizing Logistic-Fuel Delivery System can be achieved by using a pre-combustion vaporization strategy. State-of-the-art capillary pumps can gasify high-viscosity liquid fuels with sufficient velocity to design a passive air-entrainment system. A device based on capillary pump technology can meet the target 300 watts, "deck of cards" size requirement with a relatively small amount of startup thermal energy. An on-board battery-powered heater will be used for start-up in cold conditions. An MSR capillary pump micro-atomizer can be adapted to power a wide range of combustion driven, man-portable applications for the Objective Force Warrior. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71, 16 Great Hollow Road Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. James Barry Army 03-185 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | A Low-Power Micro-Atomizer for Logistics Fuels |
| Abstract: | Soldiers in the field require compact portable combustion-fired devices for cooking and heating, but existing hardware is not capable of using the heavy logistics fuels (JP-8 and diesel) that are most readily available in forward locations due to their atomization and evaporation characteristics. An innovative micro-atomizing device is proposed that will generate fine aerosols of logistics fuels to promote rapid vaporization. The device will be compact and consume only limited electric power, making long-term battery operation practical. The technology behind the device has been demonstrated for other aerosol generation applications and can be readily integrated with a wide range of combustion devices. Phase I will demonstrate feasibility by building and testing a proof-of-principle device. Phase II will involve fabrication and testing of prototype micro-atomizer devices culminating in the delivery of hardware for initial field-testing and demonstration. |
| WESTFORD MICROCELLS
67 Sleigh Road Westford, MA 01886 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 692-2613
Dr. Michael Kimble Army 03-186 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Hydrogen Capture or Utilization in Mg/Fe Based Chemical Heaters |
| Abstract: | An inline method is proposed by Westford MicroCells to capture and use the hydrogen released from flameless ration heaters. Our proposed approach electrochemically reacts the hydrogen to form electricity, heat, and water such that no hydrogen is released to the environment. The electricity generated by the electrochemical reaction may be used to operate external electronic conveyances such as digital equipment, radios, computers, and battery chargers or the electricity may be used with integrated electrical heaters within the ration or heater unit. During the Phase I program, we will demonstrate the electrochemical reaction process culminating in a heater unit that readily integrates with the flameless ration heater. The Phase I program will result in an alpha-prototype unit along with a preliminary design of the complete unit. During the Phase II program, we will develop, demonstrate, and deliver a beta-prototype of the proposed electrochemical hydrogen reactor. |
| LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC.
2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(434) 220-0159
Dr. Michael Danilich Army 03-187 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Antimicrobial and Hemostatic Wound Dressings |
| Abstract: | Hemorrhage, infection, and infection-induced sepsis are leading causes of death after trauma on the battlefield and in the civilian community. Both problems are being exacerbated by the increasing frequency of rapid deployment and intense conflict followed by delayed troop evacuation times. Most current efforts to develop advanced wound dressings have focused either on infection or hemorrhage, but not both, and have generally resulted in complicated and expensive solutions. Luna Innovations proposes to develop low-cost antimicrobial and hemostatic wound dressings via topical treatment of conventional textile-based wound dressing materials in a project that combines technologies from textile science, polymer science, biomaterials science, and biochemistry. A naturally occurring and abundant polymeric compound that is biodegradable and possesses both antimicrobial and hemostatic properties will be covalently bound to and/or crosslinked within the woven textile structure of current wound dressing materials on a molecular level. The resulting material will combine the look and feel of current dressings with an enhanced ability to stave off infection and stop blood loss by promoting coagulation. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Dr. Arthur Gavrin Army 03-187 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Medical Textiles for Battlefield Wound Infection Mitigation Proposal (1000-347) |
| Abstract: | Under this Phase I effort Triton Systems will develop a novel material that will incorporate advanced bio-textile technologies to provide advanced skin and/or wound infection barrier to the war fighter in combat operations. Utilizing Triton's proprietary fiber treatment and coating processes, fibers will be produced with broad-spectrum anti-microbial properties. These fibers will be able to be incorporated into textiles for uniforms using all conventional techniques- nonwoven, woven and knit- which can then be used for treatment of wounds and abrasions quickly, therefore avoiding more debilitating infection brought on by delays in treating wounds resulting from waiting to seek medical attention. This novel material will allow the soldier in a battlefield situation to easily treat injuries, as the antimicrobial capability is an inherent part of the fabric. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. Anthony Dietz Army 03-188 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | A Precision Height and Velocity Sensor for Airdrop Applications |
| Abstract: | Accurate estimations of the height and velocity of airdrop payloads are required to trigger soft-landing systems. These systems have a limited deceleration window, so robust and reliable estimations are required. Current systems rely on a 24-foot stick to trigger the deceleration. This approach is not ideal, and an electronic sensor would be preferable. Radar, sodar, and lidar sensors have been evaluated for this role with varying degrees of success. Foliage and vegetation prove troubling for many of the sensors. However, sodar has been shown to successfully penetrate ground vegetation at certain frequencies. Creare proposes to develop a lightweight low-cost sodar sensor. In addition, we will investigate the value of fusing sodar data with data from other sensors in an optimal estimation algorithm to provide increased accuracy and reliability. In Phase I, we will select an optimum sensor suite based on a careful trade study of the cost and accuracy associated with different sensor component configurations. We will design a prototype height and velocity sensor incorporating the selected component set and prove its feasibility through a simulation based on measured component performance. In Phase II, we will build and test the prototype HVS at Creare and also in the field. |
| NANOHMICS, INC.
6201 East Oltorf St., Suite 100 Austin, TX 78741 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 389-9990
Dr. mike durrett Army 03-189 Awarded: 09DEC03 |
| Title: | Military Parachutist Tactical Guidance System |
| Abstract: | Nanohmics and Mr. Jerry Plaszoweiki of Sierra Skyware will team to provide the military with an extremely flexible system aimed at providing the military parachutist with immediate updates relating to current conditions and possible drop zone alternatives. The system is based on a ruggedized PDA which incorporates integral GPS, wireless and a head's up display (HUD). All proposed hardware components consist of COTS devices. Much of the required functionality of the software has been rigorously tested in Sierra Skywares WinPilot system, a popular PDA based software used extensively by glider pilots for cross country and racing applications. This software determines altitude required to reach various designated locations based on input regarding users airframe or parachutes performance (polar curve), current altitude, winds aloft data and altitude of designated DZ's. All data can be displayed in a digital or graphical format which can be changed or customized by simple commands. Nanohmics and Mr. Plaszoweiki will customize the software based on parachutists experience and integrate suitable hardware components to complete the system. |
| ASPEN AEROGELS, INC.
184 CEDAR HILL STREET MARLBOROUGH, MA 01752 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 481-5058
Ms. Sara Rosenberg Army 03-190 Awarded: 02DEC03 |
| Title: | Flexible Aerogel Insulation System for Rapidly Deployable Army Shelters |
| Abstract: | Aspen Aerogels, Inc. (AAI) proposes the development of silica aerogel-based, flexible, insulation systems for Army shelters as a direct replacement for the current multi-layer, cloth-based insulation blankets. The superior thermal resistance of aerogel materials will provide an insulation system with excellent thermal resistance compared to current shelter insulation solutions with an 8x reduction in thickness and total volume. AAI's unique flexible aerogel insulation blankets will allow these high performance insulation materials to be packed efficiently for storage and shipment and will maintain thermal properties through multiple strike and erect cycles. In addition, the inherently low flammability of the silica matrix of the aerogel will reduce the flammability of the overall system and reduce the thermal signature of soldiers using the tent. On the proposed effort, AAI will team with Johnson Outdoors to develop the insulation for shelters such as their Modular General Purpose Tent System (MGPTS). The new insulation materials developed on this program will improve the mobility and sustainability of ground forces and improve the effectiveness, safety, and comfort of soldiers in extreme hot and cold environments. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4110
Ms. Justyna Teverovsky Army 03-191 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Body Conformal Cables and Connectors |
| Abstract: | Current military cables and connectors tend to be heavy, bulky and are not conducive to comfortable body contact, particularly when worn for extended periods of time. They are stiff and have round profiles that cause excessive pressure on the body. They also tend to have insufficient bend relief, and mate with system components at odd angles resulting in lengths of the cable not contacting the body which is a snag hazard. Foster Miller proposes developing a stretchable body conformal integrated personal area network capable of transmitting power and data, and supporting electronic subsystems such as personal wearable computers, communications, sensors and GPS. The proposed network will take the form of narrow appliqu‚d elastic textile cables and an associated set of low profile connectors. Technologies to be investigated in Phase I could easily be leveraged to implement broadloom woven or knit conformal electrotextile garments if desired. Electrical performance, durability, design for wearability, and connection convenience will be addressed by the Foster-Miller team. Building on substantial experience of the team-members and their ongoing joint work, initial prototype elastic cables and CAD drawings of proposed connector designs will be evaluated and delivered within the Phase I program. (P-030566) |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Kang Lee Army 03-191 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Modular Enhanced Systemic Hardware Network |
| Abstract: | The U.S. Army is seeking a wearable, ergonomically-designed wearable electronic network to be integrated into military protective clothing. To meet this Army need, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Modular Enhanced Systemic Hardware Network (MESHNet) to be integrated into an existing MOLLE (Modular Lightweight Load-Carrying Equipment) vest. The MESHNet will comprise wearable connectors, embedded cables, a wearable internal antenna, and a tactile sense subsystem. MESHNet will be fully compatible with existing military hardware, and will reduce procurement and logistics costs. MESHNet will integrate body-conformable optical/electrical connectors with the POC developed WITS (wired integrated textile seams) and embedded fiber routing system, wires and optical fibers in the fabric seams along the natural contours of the body. The wearable snap-fastener will interconnect POC's universal sensor interface module (USIM) with the MESHNet system at any access point within the system without any manual configuration so the dismounted soldier can affix any type of sensor that has been USIM-enabled to any part of the MESHNet system. |
| TIAX LLC
Acorn Park Cambridge, MA 02140 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 498-6070
Mr. Robert Rancatore Army 03-193 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Rigidification of Flexible, Inflatable Composite Structures |
| Abstract: | Highly-mobile military missions have a need for lightweight, rapidly deployable structures. Advances in inflatable airbeam technology has allowed the rapid deployment of lightweight structures. However, inflatable airbeam technology may not be the optimum solution for long-term facilities, where high durability and low maintenance are extremely important characteristics. Meeting these characteristics will ensure that the structure will not collapse due to inadvertent loss of air pressure. These characteristics are best met with an inflatable structure that remains structurally sound when deflated. A rigidizable inflatable airbeam similar to structures used by NASA in space can provide the desired durability and maintenance levels. The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the technical feasibility of field rigidization of rapidly deployable inflatable beams. The state-of-the-art for lightweight inflatable rigidizable beams has been advancing for the past several years, primarily for space applications. These beams offer unique advantages for achieving reduced overall mass and packaging volume while providing high structural efficiency. Ultimately, these beams will be used as frames for fabric-skinned structures to provide enhanced durability for long-term deployments. |
| VERTIGO, INC.
20590 Cereal Street, P. O. Box 117 Lake Elsinore, CA 92530 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(831) 425-5147
Mr. Glen Brown Army 03-193 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Rigidification of Flexible, Inflatable Composite Structures |
| Abstract: | Airbeam shelters are used for military deployments, disaster relief, and commercial shelters. The advantages of airbeam shelters include lightweight, low pack volume and rapid deployment and strike. When a shelter is deployed for an anticipated long duration at a given site, it would be advantageous to rigidize the airbeams to eliminate the need to maintain inflation pressure. A number of rigidizing materials and technologies are known. These include thermosetting resins whose cure is triggered by a variety of methods, thermoplastic composites, foam-filling, and water or solvent evaporation-hardening materials. Vertigo will employ a systems engineering approach to rigidizing airbeams which will address material compatibility, application methods, packaging materials, storage methods, rigidizing after deployment, and will work toward the objective that no hazardous or polluting emissions or byproducts are generated. The major steps in the systems approach will include a requirements analysis to establish the operational need. Vertigo will then identify and evaluate candidate solutions including pre-impregnated structures, post-infused structures, foam filling, foam sandwiches, concrete pre-preg and shotcrete. Vertigo will fabricate and test samples of airbeam materials with candidate solutions. Vertigo will document the results in a technical report. A Phase I option will fabricate a prototype rigidized airbeam with the leading solution. |
| GENERAL SCIENCES, INC.
205 Schoolhouse Road Souderton, PA 18964 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 723-8588
Dr. Peter Zavitsanos Army 03-194 Awarded: 14JAN04 |
| Title: | Enhanced Lethality Munitions for Army Applications |
| Abstract: | In order to destroy ballistic and cruise missile threats with chemical, biological, HE or nuclear warheads in hit-to-kill or shoot-to-kill scenarios by PAC-3 or THAAD like systems (under the realities of limited targeting accuracy) lethality enhancement is needed. Discrimination of balloons and the potential RV kill in the exo can also benefit from more lethal warheads. Highly energetic-reactive composites of several densities have been shown to increase damage to simulated RV targets and balloons by at least a factor of ten at velocities close to 5 km/sec. The proposed program describes several formulation approaches, which will improve material properties and reduce production costs accelerate technology insertion and transition the technology into a stage where missile designers can identify uses as reactive projectiles or reactive missile structure members functioning non-parasitically prior to impact. Several synthesis concepts will be evaluated and all pertinent measurements will be made to establish acceptable physical and reactive properties. As an optional task, ballistic evaluation is proposed against a realistic target set. |
| FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY, INC.
6785 Hollister Avenue Goleta, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(321) 277-8396
Mr. Gary Key Army 03-195 Awarded: 05JAN04 |
| Title: | Advanced Algorithms for Tomographic Imgaging |
| Abstract: | Current LIDAR-based ATR systems generally fail to exploit orientation information preserved in multi-view image datastreams. We propose to transition and adapt a novel technique that FTI developed in 1998 for Air Force high-range-resolution (HRR) radar signature classification to the LIDAR ATR problem. The approach is based on comparative analysis of the temporal LIDAR (or HRR) signatures obtained from multiple target views and on exploitation/fusion of target-related signature redundancies. We have demonstrated that the accuracy and fidelity of the associated algorithm approaches 100% Pd with 0% RFA as the number of independent profiles is increased. However, in the HRR application, the number of available source pulses was constrained severely by hardware limitations. Within the currently considered LIDAR applications, we expect to see considerably more independent LIDAR return profiles for each target; and thus we expect to be able to exhibit superior classifier performance. In Phase I, we will design and develop a software solution to optimally exploit multi-view LIDAR signatures; and adapt our algorithms for demonstration using GFI or in-house data. Phase II will develop advanced LIDAR ATR software to run on low-volume, low-power hardware (COTS components) that can support embedded real-time computation. |
| SPECTRAL SCIENCES, INC.
99 South Bedford Street, Suite 7 Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-4770
Dr. Robert Levine Army 03-195 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | Iterative Tomographic Algorithm for Laser Radar Imaging of Unmanned-Aerial Vehicles |
| Abstract: | As unmanned-aerial vehicles (UAVs) become more prevalent, they represent a unique threat to deployed ground forces overseas and population centers in the US. The development of a robust imaging and surveillance capability targeting these aircraft is critical. A new tomographic reconstruction algorithm, Tomographic Reconstruction of Active Imaging Ladar Signals (TRAILS), is proposed for ground based laser radar imaging of unmanned-aerial vehicles (UAVs). TRAILS iteratively corrects for inaccurate UAV motion estimates and unavoidable limited-angle distortion. Limited-angle distortion is expected due to the short sweep angle over which the target motion is determined. The degree of limited-angle distortion is characterized for a UAV, including determination of observable features and specification of target trajectories for which the reconstruction is optimum. The proposed algorithm is benchmarked for real-time parallel implementation using a Beowulf cluster. The radar signal is simulated using a facet-based UAV QUick Image Display (QUID) model that includes the effects of oblique angle scattering and shadowing. Iterative reconstruction is applied to these higher order models to determine limited-angle distortion, motion solutions, and algorithm run times. The fidelity of the image reconstruction is verified by overlaying QUID wireframes projected into the image plane. |
| LOKI, INC.
1006 Kingshighway Rolla, MO 65409 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(806) 742-3974
Dr. Sergey Shkuratov Army 03-196 Awarded: 14JAN04 |
| Title: | Explosive Pulsed Power |
| Abstract: | The main objective of the proposed research and development work is to create three new types of compact autonomous explosive-driven high-power microwave sources. These systems are to be used to construct small to medium caliber munitions (40-mm to 155-mm) capable of producing effects in addition to blast and fragmentation. At present, the authors are aware of no compact, autonomous, gigawatt-power microwave systems that will fit into a 40-150 mm diameter, 250-450 mm length envelope. |
| RHAMM TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
332 Skyland Drive Bellbrook, OH 45305 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 554-5400
Dr. Ronald Hinrichsen Army 03-197 Awarded: 16DEC03 |
| Title: | Engineering Models for Reactive Munitions |
| Abstract: | RHAMM Technologies, LLC has teamed with General Sciences Inc. and proposes to develop a predictive computer model to analytically treat the observed lethality enhancements of reactive materials. The team will incorporate chemical terms and their effects on several specific target elements, evaluate energy release rates, pressure gradients, and resulting forces as a means of enhancing the kill volume by shredding a target as observed in ground experiments, and improve upon model(s) that are currently in use or proposed for use in existing hydrocodes such as CTH, LSDYNA3D, DYNA3D, SHAMRC, etc. |
| ASTRON ANTENNA CO.
22560 Glenn Drive, Suite 114 Sterling, VA 20164 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 450-5517
Mr. Joseph Jahoda Army 03-198 Awarded: 31DEC03 |
| Title: | Compact, Rugged Ultra Wideband Antennas |
| Abstract: | The objective of the phase I and II SBIR Topic A03-198, "COMPACT, RUGGED ULTRA WIDEBAND ANTENNA PROGRAM" is to develop compact, rugged ultra-wideband antenna technology that can be used in the D.O.D. environment to produce small to medium caliber munitions (40 mm. to 155 mm.), see Figure 3.0-1, capable of producing directed energy effects in addition to blast and fragmentation, as well as non-weaponized commercial ruggedized systems. This will require, under one version of a multi-function warhead the use of high power microwave (several gigawatts for up to 50 nanoseconds at a repetition rate of 100 Hz) ultra-wideband (typically 100 MHz to 10 GHz) signals to attack sensitive electronics. One of the most critical technologies required to achieve these capabilities are antennas which are compact, radiate energy over a very broad frequency band, and can survive high g-force launches. |
| MATERIALS & ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH (MER) CORP.
7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 574-1980
Dr. Witold Kowbel Army 03-199 Awarded: 15DEC03 |
| Title: | FMG Cryolite/Composite Structure for Improved Hazardous Chemical Handling |
| Abstract: | High power chemical laser systems have to potential to provide precise strike capability. The current shortcomings in their chemical handling system greatly limit their applications. This proposal addresses the intrinsic problem of the NF3 handling system. A highly innovative, original approach is proposed based upon the use of functionally graded matrix (FGM) ceramic composite structures. The ceramic outer layer will provide superior resistance to fluorine, while the composite structure will provide the robustness. The FGM approach will address the intrinsic CTE mismatch problem. |
| CHI SYSTEMS, INC.
1035 Virginia Drive, Suite 300 Fort Washington, PA 19034 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 277-9288
Dr. Jennifer Fowlkes Army 03-200 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Advanced Virtual Environment Haptic Simulation |
| Abstract: | Virtual training environments are becoming increasingly important to the U.S. Army for training warfighters as the Army transitions to Objective Force. Training systems are providing more realistic battlefield contexts for the dismounted soldier, increasing soldier immersion and providing a better basis for transfer to operational systems. However, in support of better simulation, the incorporation of haptics has lagged behind the simulation of visual and auditory cues. Reasons for this include the difficulty of simulating tactile information, limitations in hardware and software supporting haptic systems (e.g. restricting movement of users), and the lack of research on how best to utilize haptics. The proposed work is intended to advance the utilization of haptic technologies in virtual training environments. Specifically, CHI Systems, Inc. proposes to team with the University of Central Florida's Institute for Simulation and Training (IST) to (a) provide recommendations for haptic technologies that can be used to support training in virtual environment (VE) training systems, and (b) provide a haptics system design. In Phase I we propose to analyze three high payoff training applications and identify haptics technologies that can be used to support training in these areas. The product will be a set of recommendations to be published as well as a haptic system design tailored to a specific training application and VE. In Phase II we propose to implement and evaluate the haptic system. |
| CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP.
727 Airport Boulevard Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 668-2567
Mr. Glenn Beach Army 03-200 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Full-Body Haptic Simulation |
| Abstract: | Current immersive virtual environments provide the participant with realistic representations of many of the senses, including sight, sound, and even smell. However, they do not provide the ability for the participant to feel the environment. There are existing haptic-based products that can solve part of this problem (such as force feedback joysticks), but no product meets the diverse needs of adding the complete ability to feel to a simulator. In order to accommodate a realistic sense of touch, the system must provide tactile information (such as textures), thermal information (hot/cold), and applied forces. In order to be operationally compatible with training simulators, the system must be unobtrusive and untethered. Finally, in order to provide for the most usability, the system must be capable of supplying this sense of touch over the participant's entire body. Currently, no system exists that can meet all of these requirements. Cybernet has extensive experience in the development of haptic systems and PC-based simulations (including training simulations that integrate force feedback). Cybernet proposes to leverage our experience in these areas to create a design for a system capable of producing the required sense of touch. |
| INNALABS, INC.
47337 Middle Bluff Place Potomac Falls, VA 20165 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 981-6779
Mr. Dmitri Simonenko Army 03-202 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | High-Precision, Expendable, Six Degree-of-Freedom Sensor |
| Abstract: | Innalabs, Inc. has developed a concept based on ferromagnetic fluids that has the potential to serve as an alternative to MEMS based inertial measurement units (IMUs). It has the capability to precisely measure linear and angular acceleration in all three axes (six degrees-of-freedom). When the sensor detects position change in x, y, and z axis (movement along an axis) and orientation change in pitch, roll and yaw (movement about an axis), the sensor reports that movement from an initial position. The sensor, once "initialized" would be used to track movement and orientation, such as exactly where an individual weapon is and where it is pointed. The fundamental concept is to place a nonmagnetic object in a magnetic fluid inside of a container. Then, using DC currents on coils to create small electromagnetic fields, any displacement of the object will cause a change in relative distances between base points of the container and nonmagnetic object, and trigger a resultant change in the electromagnetic fields. Sensor can measure amount, rate, and ultimately acceleration of the displacement using the coils as transducers. This displacement can be along or around any axis, in other words, six degrees of freedom. |
| NVE CORP. (FORMERLY NONVOLATILE ELECTRONICS, INC.
11409 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 996-1629
Dr. Catherine Nordman Army 03-202 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Magnetic Sensors for Inertial Measurement |
| Abstract: | The Phase I effort is to determine the feasibility of a novel micro-magnetofluidic multi-axis inertial measurement device for sensitive measurement of linear and angular acceleration. The proposed device uses on-chip micro-magnetofluidic channels with integrated giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors. The channels can be precisely patterned using standard microelectronics technology. The GMR sensors have advantages of high-resolution, small dimensions, low cost, low power, temperature compensation, and intrinsic shock resistance. Different sensing modes and ranges of measurements are possible with the proper choice of magnetic particles and suspension fluids. The proximity of the sensor to the magnetically-tagged inertial mass, and the ability to densely pattern GMR sensors, should be ideal for achieving high sensitivity. The inertial sensor proposed here may be more shock resistant and thermally stable than the micro-electromechanical (MEMS) suspended structures used in commercially available accelerometers. |
| PERCEPTRONICS SOLUTIONS, INC.
3527 Beverly Glen Blvd. Sherman Oaks, CA 91423 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 439-6500
Dr. Amos Freedy Army 03-203 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | A Mixed Initiative Team Performance Assessment System (MITPAS) For Use in Training and Operational Environments |
| Abstract: | Military forces of the future will use mixed manned /unmanned forces for a broad variety of functions. Measurement of overall effectiveness in these mixed initiative systems will be essential in order to achieve optimal system performance levels. Behavioral measures of both human and unmanned performance obtained in system simulations or in live exercises will be used to continuously diagnose performance and identify required areas of training requirements. Likewise, specialized training will be necessary in order to leverage the complementary cognitive functions of human and machine to forge fighting entities and units with capabilities superior to those of humans or machines in isolation. This proposal describes an innovative approach to developing a Mixed Initiative Team Performance Assessment System (MITPAS). The MITPAS consists of a methodology, tools and procedures to measure the performance of mixed manned and unmanned teams in both training and real world operational environments. Our objective is to provide a turnkey MITPAS software system running in the OneSAF-OTB environment, integrated with automated data collection functions and containing protocols for evaluation of various manned/unmanned team configurations in selected event-based scenarios. As an option we propose to develop and demonstrate a specific application within a realistic FCS battlefield scenario. |
| APTIMA, INC.
12 Gill Street, Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 496-2421
Dr. Frederich Diedrich Army 03-204 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Adapting Intelligent Tutoring System for Assessing Collaborative Skills |
| Abstract: | Effective team training is at the heart of enhanced mission effectiveness for military operations now and into the foreseeable future. However, despite numerous advances in intelligent tutoring system (ITS) technologies for individual skills, these systems have yet to fully address the "coach-less" instruction of teamwork skills. Accordingly, in this project we propose to build a prototype Intelligent Teamwork Tutoring System (ITTS) that is targeted at supporting Army team training. More specifically, our primary objectives for Phase I include: 1) The identification of critical teamwork skills relevant to training Army teams; 2) The creation of a high-level framework for an ITTS; 3) The specification of a high level design for a simulation-based testbed; and 4) The development of a proof of concept demonstration. In Phase II, we will build on this work by developing a prototype version of this system for an Army team, by testing and evaluating its effectiveness, and by engineering the necessary extensions for application to larger scale teams. In Phase III, we will transition and market the eventual product, the Intelligent Tutoring System for Adaptive Team Training. |
| SONALYSTS, INC.
215 Parkway North, P.O. Box 280 Waterford, CT 06385 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 380-5212
Dr. Elizabeth Biddle Army 03-204 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Adapting Intelligent Tutoring System for Assessing Collaborative Skills |
| Abstract: | The Army's vision of the future included an Objective Force, a highly-mobile and lethal organization of warriors, which will be supported by the Future Combat Systems, consisting of a systems infrastructure that will integrate training, operations, and maintenance. The Objective Force will be required to rapidly assemble and deploy units in response to the dynamic environment such as the recent war in Iraq. The ability to coordinate these operations successfully will hinge upon the team performance skills of these distributed units. Consequently, team performance training is a necessity in achieving the vision of the Objective Force. Due to the distributed nature and rapid response of the Objective Force, training will need to be conducted in the field or remote locations. Technology innovations have resulted in intelligent tutoring systems to provide instructor-less training on a PC or other mobile computing device. However, intelligent tutoring technology has thus far focused on individual training. This Phase I effort will build upon the current intelligent tutoring technologies to extend their applicability to design a collaborative training intelligent tutoring architecture. In Phase II, this architecture will be implemented as a collaborative intelligent tutoring prototype. |
| TERRASIM, INC.
One Gateway Center, Suite 2050, 420 Ft. Duquesne B Pittsburgh, PA 15222 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(412) 232-3646
Dr. Jefferey Shufelt Army 03-205 Awarded: 09DEC03 |
| Title: | Software Tools for Modeling Urban Details |
| Abstract: | The ability to represent and model buildings, interiors, and subterranean areas for simulation has become increasingly important for a number of disparate markets, including government applications in simulation of military operations in urban terrain, chem/bio flow analysis, and first responder and anti-terrorist training, as well as commercial applications in real-time visualization of planned developments, traffic and transportation flow analysis, and viewshed inspection. However, current tools do not address the automated generation of building interiors and critical underground structures, let alone the integration of these generated models into a consistent three dimensional representation suitable for supporting modeling and simulation activities. CAD tools provide capabilities well suited for geometric modeling, but not the attribution or topology necessary to drive constructive simulation; consumer products lack representations for attribution, topology, and rigorous geographic coordinates. This Phase I effort will produce a detailed design of an efficient, flexible, and powerful urban authoring tool that would serve as an enabling technology for numerous government and commercial interior and subterranean urban modeling applications. Such a tool will enable users to easily and accurately construct realistic geospecific and geotypical interiors and subterranean structures in well-populated urban contexts, exportable with full attribution to current simulation formats. |
| VEXCEL CORP.
4909 Nautilus Court Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 583-0204
Dr. Robert Wilson Army 03-205 Awarded: 09DEC03 |
| Title: | Software Tools for Modeling Urban Details |
| Abstract: | Vexcel proposes to build an urban modeling system by combining the SketchUp 3D CAD tool with the photogrammetry based as-built modeling tool Foto-G. These tools represent the state of the art in both, intuitive 3D modeling user interface, and automation supported 3D feature extraction. The final result of this effort will allow the Army to create large simulation databases almost fully automatically from spaceborne, aerial, or handheld still images or video sequences. Full comliance with all relevant database standards will be provided. Automated attribution with non-visual characteristics will be supported. The cost of urban models and the time to create them will be reduced by an order of magnitude compared to the current manual approach. |
| SIMVENTIONS, INC.
3330 Bourbon Street, Suite 129 Fredericksburg, VA 22408 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 372-7727
Mr. Paul Gustavson Army 03-206 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Base Object Model (BOM) Aggregation Framework |
| Abstract: | The aggregation of entities is considered a practical approach for managing large-scale simulation exercises and improving performance. The key for aggregation to work is to reduce independent high fidelity models to more efficient, lower resolution models that can then be grouped together to create combined model sets. While practical, aggregation is not easy to implement and universally apply by the players within a federation. Furthermore, models used to represent entities and interactions are not typically built with aggregation in mind. Aggregation capable models are instead needed, which would allow differing levels of detail or resolution to be dialed up or down for any one model. A promising technology that encourages the representation of multi-resolution models and combined model sets are Base Object Models (BOMs). Based on the potential BOMs provide, SimVentions proposes to design and develop a BOM Aggregation Framework that encourages multi-resolution models and facilitates aggregation and de-aggregation. |
| COLLIDE, INC.
104 Orchard Lane Carrboro, NC 27510 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 942-0356
Dr. Dinesh Manocha Army 03-207 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Multi-Resolution Representations and Interactive Visualization of Large Terrain Models |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop multiresolution representations and algorithms for synthetic terrain environments. They will be used for representing large terrain models as well dynamic and atmospheric simulations. Our ultimate goal is to increase the validity of the simulation by incorporating the multiple models at varying resolutions. We will use the OneSAF simulation Product Line Architecture Framework (PLAF) as a reference, and evaluate the use of static and dynamically generated multiresolution models within that framework. Moreover, we will develop novel multiresolution reprsentations of large scattered datasets and use them for interactive display as part of Phase I. We also propose a Phase I option to develop efficient line-of-sight (LOS) computations algorithms based on the multiresolution representations for large terrain environments. If successful, the proposed representations and algorithms can significantly improve the performance of OneSAF simulation framework. |
| SIMVENTIONS, INC.
3330 Bourbon Street, Suite 129 Fredericksburg, VA 22408 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 372-7727
Mr. Stephen Goss Army 03-207 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Base Object Model Multi-Resolution Terrain Representations |
| Abstract: | With the advent and implementation of faster computers and peripherals in simulations came the realization that models must have varying degrees of complexity depending on their use within a specific simulation. Terrain representations, for instance, have many physical models which include mobility, thermal, seismic, buildings, flooding and acoustic to name a few. Depending on the application of the model, different fidelities are necessary. With increased demands and diversity in simulation models comes an opportunity to provide methods to store and distribute models at various resolutions with specific attribution and specified formats; to provide methods for the incorporation of multi-resolution models into dynamic simulations; and, to provide methods to link real-time data, live and constructive entities and simulations together through a collaborative capability/mechanism. SimVentions recognizes the opportunity exists with the use of Base Object Models. SimVentions proposes research into methodologies, processes, tools, and algorithms needed to produce and/or represent these multi-resolution models. SimVentions will also research concepts for interfacing and interoperating between simulation, architectures, frameworks and collaborative / enterprise environments that will support informational flow, communications, situational awareness, weapons and survivability and that will integrate with new systems such as FCS and MATREX for sharing multi-resolution models in a collaborative way |
| ADHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
9621 Camino del Sol NE Albuquerque, NM 87111 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 346-1685
Dr. Jan Gosau Army 03-208 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Increased Plastic Oxygen/Water Barriers |
| Abstract: | The reduction of the weight of individual equipment components is one of the main objectives in the Army's quest for a lighter, more mobile force. Special attention is required for non-structural components, because the potential for weight reduction without compromising battle field survivability is greatest in this area. Optical components are usually made from glass, which has a high density and, therefore, high weight. High grade optical plastics are available, that could lead to significant weight reduction. Unfortunately today's materials do not provide the necessary non-optical properties desired for a military application, this is especially true in regards to the permeability for oxygen and water Adherent Technologies, Inc has studied the surface modification of polymeric and composite materials using plasma for over 10 years. Plasma induced surface polymerization has been shown to be a powerful tool in changing the surface properties of materials. Thin coats of hydrophobic and oxygen impermeable polymers can be covalently bound to optical materials. Surface polymerization is a fast way to modify existing polymer based optical materials in a way that makes them acceptable for use in a military environment. This technology allows the rapid acceptance of polymeric materials for optical parts at low cost. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Photonic Systems Division, 20600 Gramercy Place, B Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Paul Shnitser Army 03-209 Awarded: 16DEC03 |
| Title: | Lightweight Multifunctional Slipring |
| Abstract: | To reduce the weight and size of Future Combat System ground vehicles, Physical Optical Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Lightweight Multifunctional Slipring (LMFS) based on metal fiber-rotary band contact (RBC), active fiber optic rotary joint with time and wavelength division multiplexing (TDM and WDM) capabilities. This compact rotary joint will allow 360 degree free rotation for multiple electrical (DC and AC) circuits, will transmit wideband optical signals in both directions and will pass hydraulics/pneumatics such as air, water, and lubricants. LMFS will be highly reliable, maintenance free because of its metal fiber rotary-band contacts, contactless magnetic slipring for AC electrical signals, and WDM/TDM signal conversion for single mode fibers with extended beam optical transmission. In Phase I POC will demonstrate a working model of the proposed slipring with all required functions. In Phase II, POC will fabricate and test a full-scale engineering prototype slipring assembled in accordance with the TACOM specifications. |
| METAMATERIA PARTNERS LLC
1275 Kinnear Rd. Columbus, OH 43212 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(614) 340-1690
Dr. Suvankar Sengupta Army 03-211 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Low Cost Materials, Designs, and Manufacturing Processes for Robust Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) |
| Abstract: | A low cost method for manufacturing cathode SOFC tubes is proposed. This method provides more uniform properties, is easily scaled to high volume production, and is less expensive than more conventional ceramic processing methods, such as extrusion or isostatic processing. It involves preparation of a colloidal suspension of particles containing a small amount of organics, low pressure injection into a die, solidification by a temperature change, removal of tube(s) from the die, drying and firing to a temperature that provides desired properties of permeability, mechanical strength and electrical conductivity. Both short and long cathode tubes (30 inch) have been made using this process; however, neither the process nor the composition are optimized and significant improvement can be expected through the successful completion of this program |
| NEXTECH MATERIALS, LTD.
404 Enterprise Dr. Lewis Center, OH 43035 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(614) 842-6606
Dr. Edward Sabolsky Army 03-211 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Low Cost Materials, Designs, and Manufacturing Processes for Robust Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) |
| Abstract: | New power systems are needed for U.S. Army vehicles, to enhance fuel efficiency and reduce reliance on the fuel supply train. Solid-oxide fuel cell systems provide compelling advantages in fuel efficiency, fuel flexibility, and fuel impurity tolerance. The same fuel efficiency advantages provided to military applications, when extended to commercial vehicles, would have an enormous impact on fossil fuel consumption, pollution emissions, and transportation costs for the next century. Developmental programs are in place, but require new materials and new processing routes to achieve manufacturing cost and performance targets. The objective of this Phase I SBIR project is to develop low-cost materials and fabrication methods for producing tubular SOFCs while maintaining high mechanical strength, toughness, and electrochemical performance. The successful completion of this program will significantly improve tube manufacture for the Turbo Fuel Cell Engine. By tailoring the manufacturing process to provide consistent extrusion, drying and sintering performance, the resulting improvement in cell reproducibility and enhanced manufacturability will enable larger scale demonstration of the design. In addition, by focusing materials enhancement on the development of interchangeable interfacial layers, a compromise of demonstrated performance and design flexibility will be achieved. |
| ROD MILLEN SPECIAL VEHICLES
7575 Reynolds Circle Huntington Beach, CA 92647 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 594-2229
Dr. Eric Anderfaas Army 03-212 Awarded: 08JAN04 |
| Title: | Hydraulic Actuated Roll Inhibited Active Suspension for the Army |
| Abstract: | Vehicle stability is typically compromised when the high mobility, payload and transportability requirements placed on military tactical vehicles are dependent on conventional passive suspension technologies. Rod Millen Special Vehicles (RMSV) is confident that with the proper selection and development of an advanced suspension system for military tactical vehicles, improved stability, safety and performance can be realized. Electronically controlled suspension systems allow the integration of the suspension into vehicle area networks, supporting prognostics and embedded diagnostics. For this effort, RMSV will update its internal database of advanced suspension technologies and perform a systematic high fidelity dynamic analysis to evaluate the relative performance of each candidate technology. The performance of RMSV's prior bolt-on active/semi-active suspension systems will also be assessed in the context of this evaluation. Using HMMWV as a common platform for evaluation allows real-world test data to be used to assess the performance of many candidate suspension systems. A comprehensive trade study, based on dynamic analysis and field test results, will support the identification and development of an optimal suspension technology which will result in improved safety, performance, mobility, driver control and passenger isolation at minimal cost for the Army's fleet of future tactical vehicles. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Mr. John Bulluck Army 03-213 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Biofiber-Reinforced Structural Composites for Use in Matting/Temporary Roadway Panels |
| Abstract: | The Army's goal of deploying faster and farther can potentially be met using biofiber reinforced degradable composites. Fully degradable structural composites require the use of high strength natural fibers, a degradable polymer matrix material compatible with the fibers, and excellent bond strength between the two. In this case, the application for the degradable composite is to assist military vehicles in climbing muddy inclines adjacent water crossings. This challenge requires knowledge and experience in 3 unique areas for a total solution to come to fruition: subgrade reinforcement for roadways, engineering using composite materials, and degradable polymer chemistry. TRI/Austin is unique in that all these areas of expertise can be found under one roof. TRI will use the expertise of its environmental division, which houses the world's first accredited geosynthetic testing facility, to develop the overall strategy required to provide roadway reinforcement functionality through the use of geosynthetics/organic erosion control product hybrids. TRI's mechanical engineering division will develop the composite material structure required to make up the selected reinforcement system. Finally, TRI's polymer materials science division will build on previous research to develop the best biofiber/matrix material system. |
| JADI, INC.
3632 Charlwood Drive Rochester Hills, MI 48306 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(248) 377-2179
Dr. Ka Cheok Army 03-214 Awarded: 18DEC03 |
| Title: | Portable Highly Mobile Autonomous Robot for Mine Detection |
| Abstract: | In this proposal, we identify dual-use applications of self-guided navigation and systems, initially developed for commercial purposes, that can be applied to unmanned minesweeping operations. Several position sensor-aided inertial navigation systems including GPS+INS, laser+INS, RF+INS and RF/AF+INS schemes will be investigated. A combined suite of navigation systems will be designed to provide robust and accurate guidance of a high mobility unmanned ground robotic vehicle in mine detection and sweeping scenarios. The portable lightweight robotic system for mine detection operations would be capable of maneuvering itself in a rapid controlled pattern to sweep for mines in a field and recording the area that it has swept. |
| AUTONOMOUS SOLUTIONS, INC.
1946 South 1600 West Young Ward, UT 84339 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(435) 755-2980
Mr. Mel Torrie Army 03-215 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Enhanced Mobility for Small Vehicle Platforms |
| Abstract: | The requirements currently being specified for man-packable robots far exceed the capabilities of any robots currently available. The major challenges is to satisfy both the need for all terrain mobility and long mission durations (3-6 hours) in a package between 20 and 30 lbs. Autonomous Solutions Inc. proposes to solve this dilemma through the use of a shape-shifting track that effectively provides a two speed transmission. The shape-shifting track is shaped conventionally for rough terrain traversal and then transforms into the shape of a wheel for high speed efficient travel over smooth surfaces. |
| IROBOT CORP.
63 South Avenue Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 345-0200
Dr. Brian Yamauchi Army 03-216 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Sentinel: A System for Command and Control of Small Teleoperated Robots |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop Sentinel, an integrated system for command and control of teams of small teleoperated/autonomous robots. Sentinel will integrate technologies for dynamic camera selection, variable autonomy levels, variable-bandwidth communication, and Monte Carlo Localization using GPS, INS, and manual landmark recognition. The Sentinel localization system will enable operators to increase localization accuracy by identifying landmarks visible through robot cameras. This system will also enable robots to use other robots as landmarks, providing increased localization accuracy for all robots and providing fault-tolerance when GPS is unavailable. During Phase I, we will design the integrated Sentinel teleoperation/autonomy system. We will design this system to enable the operator to dynamically change robot autonomy levels based on the current situational demands. We will also characterize the bandwidth requirements for command and control of multiple robots, including the bandwidth-vs-video-quality tradeoffs involved in simultaneously receiving multiple video streams. Also during Phase I, we will design the Sentinel localization system, including the system architecture, user interface, and Bayesian sensor models. We will implement and demonstrate an initial version of this localization system using GPS and manual landmark recognition on a PackBot UGV. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Information Technologies Division, 20600 Gramercy Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Andrew Kostrzewski Army 03-216 Awarded: 04DEC03 |
| Title: | Advanced Robot Vision and Communication System |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Active Robot Vision and Communication System (ARVACS) that incorporates active lighting with fully automatic image enhancement, multichannel digital wireless communication, and real-time video compression. This system will be low-power-optimized for battery operation. ARVACS will be based on POC's advanced technologies and existing commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware and software. POC's technologies will include real-time video compression by an embedded system that can produce 1 kbps to 20 Mbps compressed video (MPEG1-4, DivX, and Wavelet) with less than 15 ms latency, and enhanced wireless communication hardware that is compatible with industry standards such as IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, and HiperLAN2. The Phase I ARVACS model will utilize a leading image enhancement processor such as the NuCORE SiP-1270 and will provide fully automatic image enhancement functions such as noise reduction, white balance, edge enhancement, error correction, and gamma correction. The major innovation of ARVACS will be fully automatic active lighting with an adapting active lighting controller. In Phase I, an ARVACS feasibility demonstration prototype will be fabricated, which will be further optimized in Phase II for power efficiency on a battery-operated UGV target system. |
| TRANSLUME
755 Phoenix Drive Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 528-6330
Dr. Philippe Bado Army 03-218 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Smart Optical Sensor Array for Hydraulic Fluidic Analysis |
| Abstract: | The overall objective of our program is to develop in-line/on-line systems for hydraulic fluid contamination monitoring. These systems will be based around an array of inexpensive, robust optical sensors, which may be complemented with other commercial sensors. During this Phase I our technical objective is to demonstrate our sensor array ability to detect solid (metal) particulates in hydraulic fluid. During the Phase I option period our technical objective is to demonstrate a correlation between the sensor array response and the contamination level of the hydraulic fluid. Water contamination detection will be addressed during the Phase II. |
| ATC - NY
33 Thornwood Drive, Suite 500 Ithaca, NY 14850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(607) 257-1975
Dr. Frank Adelstein Army 03-219 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Intra Vehicle Adaptive Computing with SQUAWB (Secure QoS-enchanced UltrA Wide Band) |
| Abstract: | Ultra Wideband (UWB) technology provides high-speed, low-power wireless networks with a low probability of detection and interception, and is resistant to jamming. This promising technology lacks support above the physical layer to provide capabilities that the Army requires for intra-vehicle communication for real-time, multimedia data streams. ATC-NY proposes to create the SQUAWB (Secure QoS-enhanced UltrA WideBand) protocol to support the efficient use of the frequency spectrum among multiple simultaneous users. SQUAWB will support QoS guarantees and provide security in a dynamic environment in which the underlying capabilities of the physical layer, such as bandwidth, change due to the environment and adversaries. SQUAWB will be developed as a MAC-layer protocol to interface with the physical layer and a middleware layer protocol to interface with the application layer. The middleware layer will use adaptive, reflective techniques to let it adapt to the changes at the lower levels. In addition, the middleware layer handles the security and QoS details that most application programs currently do not handle. In Phase I, we will create the MAC and middleware layer protocols and perform simulations to demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of SQUAWB. |
| TIME DOMAIN CORP.
7057 Old Madison Pike Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 428-6416
Dr. Donald Kelly Army 03-219 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Vehicle Networking using Ultra Wideband (UWB) Technology |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this program is to define and demonstrate the potential for ultra wideband (UWB) technology to address the emerging command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR) support requirements of Army vehicles. TDC will develop requirements, performance metrics, capabilities, and a development path for UWB system implementation inside military vehicle platforms. TDC will demonstrate its UWB communication, positioning, and radar capabilities in a laboratory setting. An optional task will integrate and demonstrate UWB functionality on a customer selected vehicle platform. A successful program will lead to a fully integrated set of features that address central information systems challenges of Future Combat Systems (FCS). Among those are intra-vehicle data networking, voice intercom, dismounted crew location, terrain navigation / obstacle avoidance, through-foliage sensing, and in-motion perimeter surveillance systems. These solutions will take advantage of UWB's low probability of detection, low probability of interception, anti jam architecture. |
| ACTUALITY SYSTEMS, INC.
164 Middlesex Turnpike Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 229-7812
Mr. Gregg Favalora Army 03-220 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Highly Multi-Perspective Autostereoscopic Display |
| Abstract: | The objective of this Phase I effort is to design and simulate an innovative optical architecture for true, interactive-rate holographic video. Our novel technique takes a contrarian approach to existing multi-view and holographic video systems, which are typically crippled by "jailbar" dark regions, limited viewing zones, and image distortions arising from rendering techniques not intended for multi-perspective displays. The proposed multi-view holovideo system is a highly multi-perspective autostereoscopic display, capable of generating three-dimensional Spatial imagery visible across a 30-degree viewing zone, comprised of 100+ XGA-resolution views. This represents an order-of-magnitude leap in performance over previous approaches. Actuality Systems is a recognized leader in the commercialization of Spatial 3-D visualization systems; construction of a prototype in Phase II will be simplified by the reuse of certain core technologies. The resulting display is amenable to cost- and size-reduction, and will be suitable for use on the desktop, in the cockpit, and eventually in handheld devices. |
| SENSYTECH, INC.
8419 Terminal Road Newington, VA 22122 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 769-5649
Dr. David Dilworth Army 03-220 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Multiperspective Autostereoscopic Imagers and Viewer |
| Abstract: | A real-time color 3D imaging and viewing system is proposed. Imagery from a live scene is acquired using multiple overlapping cameras. The imagery is resolved into range pixels and color pixels. The range pixels are used to create a 3D wireframe model of the scene. The color pixels are then superimposed onto the wireframe and create a color 3D scene model. This 3D model is then rendered from nine different perspectives and viewed on a multiperspective autostereoscopic display. The real-time processing is performed using a combination of CPU and FPGA technologies. |
| MICROVISION, INC.
19910 North Creek Parkway Bothell, WA 98011 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 415-6842
Dr. Martin Kykta Army 03-221 Awarded: 31DEC03 |
| Title: | Replacement of CRT-Based Displays |
| Abstract: | Microvision, Inc. will develop a CRT replacement platform using its MEMS-based scanned beam display technology. Microvision's effort will leverage the knowledge gained in internally funded monochrome feasibility demonstrator and existing MEMS products to jumpstart an effort aimed at developing a fieldable full color display that eliminates many of the disadvantages of current CRTs. The effort will begin by examining and analyzing three candidate architectures that convert non-visible light to visible light to determine the best match to the military's requirements and to provide a platform that can be most readily manufactured and commercialized. After selecting a single architecture, Microvision will then develop a more complete system model of a display according to the selected architecture to predict achievable performance and manufacturability. The model will incorporate Microvision's expertise in MEMS scanning, the limitations of currently available wavelength converting materials, an analysis of color masking techniques, and Microvision's extensive optical and system modeling capabilities. The analysis will inform Microvision's development of a next-stage plan to produce a full-color prototype system. Accordingly, additional deliverables include, a roadmap leading to a Phase II prototype and a realistic commercialization plan for both civil and military Phase III products. |
| TERABURST NETWORKS, INC.
1289 Anvilwood Avenue Sunnyvale, CA 94089 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 400-4214
Mr. Tom Holden Army 03-222 Awarded: 17DEC03 |
| Title: | Integrated High-Performance Remote Visualization Capability |
| Abstract: | Digital transmission schemes have the potential to become extremely effective in enabling remote broadband visualization and graphics resource sharing in the LAN and WAN. Intrinsically flexible deployment, low fiber count, global collaboration distances and low image latency are among the many advantages offered by digital technology. Given the ubiquity of transmission in the WAN - whether circuit or packet based- new technologies that take advantage of this infrastructure will be able to expand the reach of high-resolution graphics for visualization applications. For this Project, we will explore architectures that integrate transport and switching in a flexible, cost-effective, remote visualization solution that allows users to extend, switch and remotely collaborate on high-resolution graphics. During this examination, we will look at minimizing the graphics transmission costs through the use of novel compression techniques that reduce bandwidth connectivity requirements. Transmission components will be chosen that take best advantage of both multimode and single mode fiber infrastructures. A modular, scalable graphics switching architecture will be proposed consistent with the "pay as you grow" model encountered in telecommunications. Network management and control software requirements will also be examined. |
| REALTIME TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1517 N. Main Street Royal Oak, MI 48067 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(248) 705-0705
Dr. Richard Romano Army 03-223 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Integration of Vehicle Models and Analytical Simulations |
| Abstract: | Offline vehicle dynamics simulation software is used to predict the performance of new vehicles as well as to predict the performance of modifications to existing vehicles. By developing software that integrates vehicle models and analytical simulations with virtual immersive environments to allow inspection and collaboration, greater insight and understanding of the performance of the vehicle can be achieved. The objective of this proposal is to develop immersive vehicle dynamics visualization software (IVDYN). This software will import results generated in LMS Virtual Lab, CADSI DADS, McNeil Schwendler's ADAMS, and Realtime Technologies, Inc. (RTI)'s SimCreator. It will also import CAD models from standard environments such as Virtual Lab, ADAMS, CATIA, DADS, PTC ProE and Unigraphics and allow connection of vehicle dynamics results with specific CAD bodies and degrees of freedom. The software will also allow the definition or import of the virtual terrain on which the vehicle was driven. Finally the software will project the resulting simulation in a variety of immersive systems including: CAVE, PowerWalls, and ImmersaDesk settings. |
| REALTIME TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1517 N. Main Street Royal Oak, MI 48067 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(970) 377-1567
Mr. Michael Morrison Army 03-224 Awarded: 16DEC03 |
| Title: | Development of High-Resolution Virtual Terrain for Use in a Motion-Based Simulator with an Image Generator |
| Abstract: | Visual Simulation, training, and virtual prototyping platforms demand ever increasing fidelity. Visual cues such as specular highlights and distinguishable surface contour must be presented to offer a sense of realism in the environment. Use of the visual database for a "glass smooth" terrain database does not provide adequate high frequency queues in motion and haptic feedback subsystems. Realistic surface roughness characteristics must be captured and used throughout the simulation system. This proposal will demonstrate the feasibility of generating, integrating, and overlaying high-frequency roughness characteristics onto both the visual database and in the terrain database. The use of bump mapping and Phong illumination will be investigated as methods of increasing scene realism. |
| COMPOSITES RESEARCH & ADVANCED MATERIALS, INC.
4712 St. Andrews Drive College Station, TX 77845 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(979) 690-7153
Dr. J. Reddy Army 03-225 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Computational Modeling of Nanocomposite Structures |
| Abstract: | The overall goal of the project is to provide a computational based multi-scale approach to realize the projected extra-ordinary properties of the nanotube-reinforced composites in structural applications of interest to the United States Army. To achieve this goal it is proposed to develop and demonstrate methods that can link atomic scale variations within a meso or macroscopic domain with a strong two-way coupling. The proposed study seeks to develop computational methods based on sound physics and theoretical underpinnings to effectively model the structure-property-processing relationships in nanoscale systems that are inherently separated by scales of many orders of magnitude. The proposed methods account for the effect of nanotube length, diameter, chirality, and orientation distribution on the thermal, mechanical and impact properties of the carbon nanotube-reinforced polymeric composites. During Phase I of the proposed research, the theoretical models and computational approaches will be investigated, and the feasibility of the developed models will be assessed in light of existing numerical and experimental data. In Phase II of this research, numerical implementation of the computational models developed in Phase I will be carried out and the utility of the developed software in the analysis of nanocomposites and nanomaterials of different kinds will be demonstrated. |
| KRYONYX
P.O. Box 261237 Plano, TX 75026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(972) 839-3130
Mr. Pat Curran Army 03-225 Awarded: 09JAN04 |
| Title: | Modeling of Nanostructures |
| Abstract: | A dynamical derivation of the Dirac wave equation is developed by unifying the torsion and curvature of spacetime in a six-dimensional hyperspacetime supporting closed-circuit affine geodesics that form stable atomic orbitals of a spinning electron. The physical basis of spin is mechanically established. Causality is restored to atomistic phenomena by providing a spatiotemporal basis of Heisenberg's uncertainty by unifying spacelike spacetime with timelike spacetime. The discrete singularities of quantum theory are reconciled with the continua of relativity theory by unifying discrete line-continua in spacelike spacetime with the space-continuum of timelike spacetime. Spacelike and timelike spatiotemporal manifolds are established as being physically coupled by an exchange force that results from a self-generated electromotive force due to the path-dependent parallel-transport of momentum along a closed-circuit affine geodesic in flat spacelike spacetime. The self-generated electromotive force in flat spacelike spacetime accounts for the stability of a spinning electron by compensating the dissipative radiation of the rotating charge. |
| GHIOCEL PREDICTIVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
38 Harper Drive Pittsford, NY 14634 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(585) 248-3726
Dr. Dan Ghiocel Army 03-226 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Integrating Stochastic Engineering Models in a Distributed Environment |
| Abstract: | The main objective of this project is to develop an efficient stochastic-optimization approach that can be applied to large-scale high-complexity Army military vehicle applications in a high-speed distributed computer hardware environment. Specifically, the proposed work will integrate the refined stochastic response models (stochastic field expansion approximations) developed by GP Technologies Inc. with the RBDO Probabilistic Measure Approach (PMA) developed by the University of Iowa. The research project team will explore and refine the stochastic response analysis part of the UOI RBDO approach based on state-of-the-art stochastic field/network modeling and artificial intelligence concepts. The proposed development will also include fast Dynamic Monte Carlo simulation algorithms, plus Bayesian inference for optimal model fitting and selection. Phase I will also provide a probabilistic-design methodology for incorporating the data and modeling uncertainties in the RBDO problem and will explore the application of other non-deterministic approaches to RBDO including multi-objective problems. In Phase I the proposed RBDO methodology will be applied to the Army M1A1 tank road arm component via ANSYS FEA code. The RBDO approach will operate in the distributed environment of hardware available at the U.S. Army. The parallel programming task will be conceptually initiated in Phase I and completed in Phase II. |
| ADRENALINE RESEARCH, INC.
3 Brent Drive Hudson, MA 01749 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(248) 446-0513
Mr. Phil Berger Army 03-227 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Exploratory Development for A Controllable Combustion Process for Improved Power-Density and Fuel Economy within Multi-Fueled, Low Heat Rejection Comp |
| Abstract: | The goal of this proposal is to develop a feed back controlled combustion process for high power density, near stoichiometric air/fuel ratio diesel engines, capable of running on multi-fuels, with superior cold start capability. The company, its advisors and suppliers will introduce new innovative concepts to achieve the goal of delivering power greater than 1 hp/lb. Adrenaline Research has developed technology known as the "SMARTFIREr" Plasma Ignition, which will enable an engine to achieve all of the Army's major objectives. SmartFire's high intensity in-cylinder plasma energy will deliver reliable cold starting and good low load operation of a low compression diesel engine, without the need for any external cold start aid. With SmartFire's combustion feedback to the engine management system, the combustion process will be tightly controlled to allow the engine to switch to different fuels on the fly, without engine modification. To achieve the goal of greater than 4 atmospheres of boost; two properly sized turbochargers will be used in series, each one with its own compact intercooler. Selective cooling, in addition to in-cylinder and exhaust port surface treatment will reduce the thermal load, and increase thermal energy delivered to the turbochargers. |
| BAKER ENGINEERING, INC.
17165 Power Dr. Nunica, MI 49448 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(616) 837-8975
Mr. Jack Jerovsek Army 03-227 Awarded: 17DEC03 |
| Title: | 4.5 Liter Opposed-piston engine development for improved power density |
| Abstract: | Baker Engineering Inc. proposes a 4.5 liter opposed-piston, 3-cylinder, 2-cycle diesel engine with a target of 500 hp, weighing less than 900 lbs. to fulfill the Army's quest for an improved power density, multi-fuel capable and low heat rejection compression engine. This 4.5 liter engine offers an opportunity to further advance the opposed-piston combustion technology by building upon the successes proven through previous opposed-piston engine development and testing efforts (prototype engines ranging from 4.1 liter to 8.3 liter). The proposed new 4.5 liter engine design will advance the design of pistons, rods, cranks and other core opposed-piston engine components with the primary emphasis on improving the fuel delivery system and controls, adding a self-sustained turbo charger system, reducing weight, and improving packaging. |
| ADVANCED COOLING TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1046 New Holland Avenue Lancaster, PA 17601 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(717) 295-6058
Dr. Jon Zuo Army 03-228 Awarded: 13JAN04 |
| Title: | Thermal Bus Technology for Next Generation Vehicles |
| Abstract: | The proposed SBIR program will develop a thermal bus technology for cooling of the next generation vehicles. The Phase I effort will demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of full or partial insertion of the technology into an Army vehicle platform. Trade studies and conceptual designs will be conducted to quantify the technology benefits. Subscale, proof-of-concept components testing will be conducted to demonstrate the thermal performance. In Phase II, a full-scale thermal bus will be designed, constructed and tested in a wind tunnel under simulated operating conditions. Phase III will identify and develop military and commercial applications for the thermal bus technology. |
| THERMOANALYTICS, INC.
23440 Airpark Blvd, P.O. Box 66 Calumet, MI 49913 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(906) 482-9560
Mr. Scott Peck Army 03-228 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Passive Thermal Management for Advanced Vehicles |
| Abstract: | The use of advanced technologies is proliferating on board military and commercial ground vehicles. New power sources such as fuel cells and batteries create unique cooling requirements. The use of electronics for power conditioning, diagnostics and control, and military applications (command and control, weapons systems) leads to ever increasing heat loads which must be rejected from the vehicle. With limited on-board weight and power budgets, an innovative, passive, highly efficient thermal management system is needed. The development of a multi-evaporator, looped heat pipe thermal bus system is proposed to meet such a need. This technology provides the capability to collect heat from disparate sources and reject it from a central location, simplifying the management of the on-board thermal systems. A program is proposed to demonstrate this technology with a proof-of-principle test, and to sufficiently develop a conceptual design to address how a thermal bus would be integrated with a vehicle and show the vehicle level benefits (reduced weight, improved thermal control, increased device reliability and life expectancy). Issues of modularity, control, and adaptability to changing environmental conditions will be resolved. |
| P.C. KRAUSE & ASSOC., INC.
3016 Covington Street West Lafayette, IN 47906 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(765) 464-8997
Dr. Charles Lucas Army 03-229 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Virtual Prototyping Vehicle Electrical System Management Design Tool |
| Abstract: | Complex engineered systems such as tactical vehicles and advanced weapon systems involve a broad spectrum of technologies and interactive subsystems that must work synergistically in order to achieve mission goals. Due to the interdependencies between subsystems that comprise the overall system, it is becoming increasingly important to establish a flexible virtual prototyping design and analysis infrastructure that empowers program engineers, managers and/or system integrators to rapidly evaluate design alternatives and competitive technologies and architectures, and to optimize the overall system design. The primary objective of the Phase I effort is to establish the viability of such an infrastructure for electric power/propulsion systems in hybrid-electric vehicles. It is envisioned that a successful virtual prototyping environment will include an extensive heterogeneous models/methods library and a flexible easy-to-use interface that allows rapid configuration of component models, which could be implemented using different simulation languages on a distributed computer network. If the Phase I effort is successful, the Phase II will focus upon the development of this infrastructure and, ultimately, its implementation at TACOM. Although this research will focus on electric power and propulsion systems for tactical vehicles, this prototyping environment will have widespread applications including commercial and/or military terrestrial vehicles, ships, and aircraft. |
| GS ENGINEERING, INC.
101 West Lakeshore Drive Houghton, MI 49931 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(906) 482-1235
Dr. Glen Simula Army 03-230 Awarded: 25NOV03 |
| Title: | Transmission and Driveline Development and Their Components |
| Abstract: | This proposal is directed at a fundamental change in military trucks by designing driveline systems as a complete lightweight module manufactured from selectively chosen lightweight components. Current driveshafts, differentials, transfer cases, axles, and brake systems are typically bolted together of cast iron and steel components. If a lightweight aluminum part is included, it is typically substituted for an iron component. The identical mating shape is required for bolting, so the lightweight part is not truly optimized. Therefore, designing an entire module of the best lightweight materials is the only way to truly optimize the system. This allows optimized designs, multi functional shapes, and advanced materials to integrate for a lightweight system. The proposal will design a complete driveline module of advanced materials to demonstrate the weight reduction of this concept. To limit the size of a program for a Phase I SBIR, GS Engineering will design a side plate, axle structure and differential housing as a module. Advanced lightweight materials including magnesium, magnesium metal matrix composites, and aluminum metal matrix composites will be used to optimize the weight of the entire system. This concept can be applied to any military truck, from the FTTS to retrofitting existing HEMTTs and FMTVs. GSE has chosen to design a system for the HEMTT A3 as the platform as it has a current weight reduction program. Oshkosh Truck Corporation will cooperate on this program by providing design information, loading conditions, and engineering support for the HEMTT A3 upgrade. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Mr. Brian Muskopf Army 03-230 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Transmission and Driveline Development and Their Components |
| Abstract: | U.S. Army ground vehicles such as the Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles (FMTV) use a driveline system to transfer power from the engine to the vehicle's wheels. Modern driveline systems make up a significant amount of a ground vehicle's empty weight. Driveline system components are fabricated from relatively heavy metals that are subject to corrosion damage, and are expensive to manufacture due to the fabrication processes required to form the complexly shaped parts. Innovative driveline system designs that utilize low cost, lightweight, durable materials are required to reduce the weight of the driveline system, while reducing part procurement costs and maintenance costs by eliminating corrosion damage. Texas Research Institute Austin, Inc. and subcontractor Stewart & Stevenson Tactical Vehicle Systems, LP propose to develop cost effective, lightweight, damage tolerant, polymer composite driveline system component designs to replace currently used metallic components in the FMTV tactical vehicles. The use of composite materials will reduce the cost and weight of the driveline system while providing a reliable, corrosion free service life with little or no maintenance costs. The use of lighter weight, polymer composite driveline components will increase the power-to-weight ratio of the vehicle and allow for increased performance or payload. |
| FILTRATION SOLUTIONS, INC.
432 Sand Shore Road, Unit 8 Hackettstown, NJ 07840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(908) 684-4000
Mr. Guanghua Yu Army 03-231 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Develop New Innovative Filtration Designs and Components for Improved Service Life, Performance and Durability |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of an innovative engine fuel filter design that utilizes water-selective membrane technology to separate water and debris from the diesel fuel. This advanced design combines a cross-flow membrane element, a fuel by-pass valve, water detection sensor, and an automatic filter service life monitor into one fuel filter unit, which is designed to replace the water separator and the particulate filter currently used in the M998 trucks. The combination of these design features forms a compact, high efficient, rugged, and continuously operable fuel filter that is suitable for the military's vehicles deployed in field environments. |
| MILOW LTD.
174 East Bay Street Charleston, SC 29401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(843) 727-6526
Dr. Gideon Rosenberg Army 03-231 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Develop New Innovative Filtration Designs and Components for Improved Service Life, Performance and Durability |
| Abstract: | A concept is presented for improving the service-life, performance and durability of air filters. This concept proposes to replace disposable fiber air filters with permanently installed self-cleaning filters that can be cleaned by air blast in the opposite direction, without removing the filter from its canister. The proposed self-cleaning filter is made from plastic discs and contains micro-passageways for the airflow. The disc material is robust, allowing it to withstand the intense air blast The proposed study will demonstrate the feasibility of our technology for applications in military vehicles and will carry out a system analysis that supports the goal of eliminating filter replacement. The main tasks will focus on an analysis of military vehicles and their filtration systems, modeling the fluid dynamics of air flow in the complex pattern of micro-passageways and creating an engineering database that will enable design of prototypes. The final Phase I report will clearly show the improved service life of our proposed self-cleaning filter, as well as the efficiency of its operation and its cost savings. A successful implementation in military vehicles will result with applications for commercial heavy- duty trucks and other machinery. |
| AMERICAN SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
888 West Big Beaver Road, Suite #420 Troy, MI 48084 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(248) 362-4100
Mr. Michael Losh Army 03-232 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Point of Use Oil Quality Analysis |
| Abstract: | ASTI proposes to identify and evaluate the most promising new oil condition measurement techniques and develop sensor device concepts that can be used in point of use on-board and/or hand-held oil condition analyzers. ASTI now believes the best options for new oil condition sensors are mid-infrared optical methods and chemically selective binding agents on micro-electromechanical detectors. Technical objectives include: * Assess and analyze the gap between the capabilities of current state of the art sensor devices and the expectations of the US Army * Identify novel sensing methods that have not been integrated into on-board or hand-held systems before * Assess the sensing capability of the proposed methods against AOAP capabilities * Eliminate from consideration methods that do not advance the state of the art for on-board and hand-held systems * Define likely embeddable device concepts that utilize the best sensing methods * Rank the devices on overall estimated performance and feasibility * List areas of significant predicted impact on AOAP and logistics operations by the proposed sensors and propose communications protocols |
| CYRANO SCIENCES, INC.
73 N. Vinedo Avenue Pasadena, CA 91107 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 240-4226
Dr. Steven Sunshine Army 03-232 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Point of Use Oil Quality Analysis |
| Abstract: | Cyrano Sciences will apply their commercial hand held point detector to provide a direct and simple measurement of oil quality. This device uses an array of chemically sensitive resistors to measure the chemical profile of a sample, thereby giving a complete picture of a given sample in one measurement with little or no sample preparation. This device is in current use in the industrial environment to provide information about product quality in the chemical, petrochemical and food industries and has been shown to be very sensitive to chemical changes in fuels and lubricants. |
| MAKEL ENGINEERING, INC.
1585 Marauder St. Chico, CA 95973 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(216) 587-4750
Dr. Ben Ward Army 03-232 Awarded: 10DEC04 |
| Title: | Point of Use Oil Quality Analysis |
| Abstract: | The maintenance of vehicle and support systems is of key importance in Army operations. However, determination of the correct time to perform changes of hydraulic fluids is currently inexact and can be expensive. If fluids are changed too late, significant damage to equipment can occur while if fluids are changed too early, wasted effort a disposal costs are incurred. Determination of fluid health and remaining useful life presently depends on labor intensive, protocol dependent techniques. Makel Engineering, Inc. proposes the development of a microsensor based system to provide continuous in-situ monitoring of hydraulic fluids and automated book keeping by way of bar code scanning of vehicle hood numbers or wireless telemetry and the storage of vehicle and fluid data in a suitable database. The envisioned system will incorporate sensors produced using MEMS and thick film processing techniques and these sensors will be robust, low cost units capable of directly monitoring fluid parameters of interest such as viscosity, conductivity, TAN/TBN, various contaminants, pressure, and temperature. The sensors would be mounted on a dipstick or drain plug and interface with engine control electronics or portable monitoring equipment to improve maintenance procedures. In the case of a portable diagnostic system, the sensors would be incorporated onto a "smart dipstick" and vehicle information would be obtained by a simple bar code scanner incorporated into a handheld computer. In the case of a monitoring system integrated with vehicle control systems, data could be logged continuously and uploaded wirelessly to a main database of vehicle information. |
| HANSEN ENGINE CORP.
12920 Highway 55 Plymouth, MN 55441 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(763) 551-0430
Mr. Craig Hansen Army 03-233 Awarded: 18DEC03 |
| Title: | Advanced Military Diesel Engine Technologies |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to improve Army logistics by permitting the use of diesel engines capable of operation on heavy-hydrocarbon fuels including DF-2 and JP-8, instead of gasoline engines, for small mobile generators and other small motor applications (e.g. utility pumps), thus reducing Army fuel/ fuel distribution costs. Normally, diesel engines do not have sufficient power density when compared to gasoline engines for these applications. A recent University of Wisconsin study identified a significant opportunity for the Army to use durable, reliable, and relatively lightweight diesel engines equipped with superchargers to replace gasoline-fueled engines in mobile generators and other small motor applications. Assuming success, this proposal will satisfy the objectives of the A03-233 program to increase fuel economy, increase power density, and reduce specific heat rejection for small diesel engines. The supercharger will be designed and developed to meet or exceed the engine RAM-D goal of 1000-hour life expectancy. |
| STURMAN INDUSTRIES, INC.
One Innovation Way Woodland Park, CO 80863 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 686-6196
Mr. Marc Wolverton Army 03-233 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Advanced Military Diesel Engine Technologies |
| Abstract: | Sturman Industries has designed a new family of high-pressure diesel fuel injectors using Direct Flow Control (DFC). These injectors are capable of a reliable, safe, and robust combination of higher injection pressures, a broader range of controllable injection shapes, and multiple events than existing HEUI or high-pressure common-rail diesel fuel injectors. |
| COGNITEK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, INC.
One Northfield Plaza, Suite 300 Northfield, IL 60093 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(847) 962-6180
Mr. Michael Gurin Army 03-234 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Efiiciency, Compact Heat Exchanger for Mobile Equipment Applications |
| Abstract: | This project leads the efforts of advance heat exchanger technology through the integration and convergence of the best emerging methods and materials for increased heat transfer and efficiency. Achieving high efficiency, beyond the present art, involves an in-depth analysis of present heat exchanger designs, by gaining an understanding of application specific demands within mobile equipment such as fuel cells and batteries, to implement new design flexibility, which cycles from new materials impacting new manufacturing methods and vice versa. A plethora of energy generators and consumers both yielding heat sources from power inefficiencies exists in the next generation of vehicles. The requirement to dissipate heat ranges from air-to-air, liquid-to-air, and liquid-to-liquid heat exchangers that are both single phase and multi-phase systems. These processes will perform in the future by taking advantage of new materials, specifically nanotechnology, in order to realize significant gains in performance with new heat transfer methods that potentially have the means to accelerate heat transfer using non-linear design and quantum tunneling. Lastly, new materials utilized for sensors coupled with increasingly powerful control systems will achieve the highest energy efficiency by enabling the entire heat transfer system, including the heat exchangers, to operate at their optimal levels. |
| IJ RESEARCH, INC.
1965 Blair Avenue Santa Ana, CA 92705 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 253-8522
Dr. Rick Yoon Army 03-234 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Efiiciency, Compact Heat Exchanger for Mobile Equipment Applications |
| Abstract: | Thermal management by heat exchangers is an essential part of various advanced vehicle, providing the necessary thermal environment for the crew and equipment to operate efficiently during the mission. Future army vehicles will require increasingly sophisticated thermal management technologies from tighter temperature control for various sensor and higher heat flux levels from various power devices. This research effort will develop a compact, cost effective, and highly efficient heat exchanger for small and confined space applications from vehicle cooling to cabin HVAC or accessory and electronics cooling. The program will take advantage of the emerging technologies in heat exchanger development including materials, configurations, and construction techniques. In this Phase I, IJ Research will develop an innovative carbon foam heat exchangers that are predicted to weigh 50% less and be twice as efficient as existing metallic heat exchanger, by utilizing a novel, structurally-tailored foam processes and associated architectures design. |
| INTACT SOLUTIONS, LLC
2025 Chadbourne Avenue Madison, WI 53726 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(608) 233-9110
Mr. Michael Freytag Army 03-235 Awarded: 09DEC03 |
| Title: | Meshless Thermal Analysis of Vehicles Using Distance Fields |
| Abstract: | Computational thermal analysis of vehicles is dominated by model preparation time, typically in the development of surface meshes for import into analysis software. This preparation requires time-consuming creation of new geometry (a mesh) that only approximates the original model. Despite the presence of automeshing capabilities, human intervention is often required to prevent poor quality meshes. We propose to solve thermal analysis problems using native CAD geometry in a system that employs distance-based parameterization of the temperatures. The supporting technology does not rely on a mesh discretization of the geometry and will work with virtually all mesh-based and meshless solution techniques while all boundary conditions are exactly satisfied. With successful commercialization of this technology, the product development process will be revolutionized by removing the meshing bottleneck and substantially automating a significant portion of the design-analysis cycle. The feasibility of the proposed approach has already been demonstrated for a variety of analysis problems; please visit the home page of Intact Solutions at www.meshfree.com to download prototype 2D thermal solver software and to experiment with fully automated Internet analysis service. |
| THERMOANALYTICS, INC.
23440 Airpark Blvd, P.O. Box 66 Calumet, MI 49913 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(906) 482-9560
Dr. Allen Curran Army 03-235 Awarded: 04DEC03 |
| Title: | Rapid Thermal Modeling |
| Abstract: | ThermoAnalytics proposes to create a streamlined process from CAD-to-thermal-model suitable for rapid prototyping and for virtual field-testing in synthetic natural environments. The use of thermal predictions in such applications has been restricted by the time required to build thermal models. Creating a mesh from geometry, adjusting the mesh to support thermal modeling, and model preprocessing can be painstaking and time-consuming. To achieve its goal, ThermoAnalytics will investigate innovative techniques to accelerate the thermal modeling process, and build a suite of tools to automate the most time-consuming modeling tasks. These tools address specific needs of designers and analysts: automated construction of meshes given CAD geometry, innovative "meshless" thermal solutions, and diagnostic and quick fix tools to repair meshes and models. ThermoAnalytics will also upgrade MuSES so that it is more tolerant of modeling defects, and to reduce model pre-processing time - specifically - the computation of radiation view factors. These improvements will alleviate user burden and reduce computational time. The resulting acceleration of the thermal modeling process will increase the size of the design space that can be explored during rapid design processes as well as permitting the introduction of new designs rapidly into real-time scene simulations. |
| MICRON CORP.
158 Orchard Ln Winchester, TN 37398 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(931) 461-7003
Dr. Dieter Nowak Army 03-236 Awarded: 12JAN04 |
| Title: | A MEMS Smart Battery Monitoring and Hybrid Power System |
| Abstract: | A hybrid power system for military vehicles, consisting of a battery/capacitor hybrid and a MEMS based integrated smart controller with wireless communication to the dashboard and to maintenance personnel is proposed. The hybrid increases available cranking capacity by utilizing the low current capacity of an automotive battery to charge a double layer capacitor bank which in turn is used to start the engine at the required high currents. The smart controller is based on Microns smart battery controller, which provides cell monitoring and status information of each cell inside a 12V automotive battery. The proposed technology includes a novel method for corrosion proof cell voltage access, the Micron OneWire system for a drastic reduction of the wire harness inside the battery, a novel charge algorithm to reduce gassing and a low temperature control system to prevent low temperature extremes. The control system is designed for integration in off-the-shelf automotive batteries and requires no changes to the battery case design of conventional batteries. |
| GLOBAL EMBEDDED TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
21421 Hilltop St., Suite 3 Southfield, MI 48034 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(248) 350-3884
Mr. Peter Fellman Army 03-237 Awarded: 13JAN04 |
| Title: | Heavy Duty Vehicles Cold Starting System |
| Abstract: | With the integration of new technologies and advanced electronics into military vehicles, there grows an increasing demand on electrical systems to sustain adequate energy during extended "silent watch" periods. Meanwhile, on-board storage systems must be capable of delivering sufficient electrical power to start heavy-duty engines under extreme cold temperatures. Conventional storage systems, including military lead-acid batteries, represent a compromise that is neither optimized for prolonged energy nor instantaneous power delivery. As a result, many heavy-duty vehicles in their present configurations will be unable to meet future silent watch and cold engine starting requirements. However, through the use of a dual-power distribution system, it is possible to optimize for both of these performance criteria simultaneously. Potential innovations include the integration of ultracapacitors to deliver maximum power during engine starting in conjunction with deep-cycle batteries that maximize the delivery of stored energy over extended periods of time. The objective of the proposed Phase I program is to demonstrate the feasibility of developing a dual-power distribution system for a heavy-duty military vehicle platform that outperforms convention implementations. |
| MAINSTREAM ENGINEERING CORP.
200 Yellow Place, Pines Industrial Center Rockledge, FL 32955 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(321) 631-3550
Mr. Russell Davis Army 03-237 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Dual Electric Starting System fo Heavy Duty Vehicles Cold |
| Abstract: | The advent of advanced electrical generation technologies has finally led to the development of novel devices that meet mission target goals for the next generation of high power and high energy density applications. Current battery systems in military vehicles are becoming increasingly unable to adequately support the full array of onboard electrical sensors as well as all weather vehicle operation. In response to this need, Mainstream proposes a dual electrical system comprised of Absorbed Glass Mat (AGM) batteries for maximum energy and ultracapacitors for maximum power. For a given DoD heavy duty vehicle, this Phase I effort will include (1) the investigation of key battery chemistries, ultracapacitor configurations, and fuel cell technologies and (2) the design of a complete dual electrical cold starting system for the given vehicle that maximizes both power and energy. In view of Mainstream's long-term commitment to the design and development of improved power production and conversion technologies and our past record of successful performance, we believe funding of this Phase I is warranted. The significant improvements in performance combined with the commercial potential and Mainstream's previous experience lead us to believe this Phase I effort will be highly successful. |
| EERGC CORP.
18A Mason Irvine, CA 92618 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 768-3756
Dr. Lakshman Benedict Army 03-238 Awarded: 17DEC03 |
| Title: | Use of Unmixed Combustion for Catalytic Cracking |
| Abstract: | Highly compact lightweight autothermal reformers have been developed by several research groups which will allow the conversion of gasoline into hydrogen for use in portable fuel cell power systems. Excessive coke formation prevents these reformers from being used with logistics fuel. This problem would be solved by developing a portable catalytic cracker to convert logistics fuel into a fuel that resembled gasoline. Previous efforts to develop such a catalytic cracker have failed because 1) coke formation in the cracking process causes problems; 2) packed bed reactors conduct heat poorly, making it difficult to get enough heat into the reactor to supply the endothermic cracking reaction. Dr Lyon of EERGC has invented a new combustion technology called Unmixed Combustion. In application to Steam Reforming this technology has been shown to solve both the coking and heat input problems. EERGC Corporation proposes to use a combination of experimental and engineering design studies to develop an Unmixed Combustor/Catalytic Cracker; demonstrate that it converts logistics fuel into a cracked fuel with chemical composition and combustion properties similar to gasoline; identify the autothermal reformer most suitable for interfacing with the Unmixed Catalytic Cracker; and find the most thermally efficient way of doing so. |
| PRECISION COMBUSTION, INC.
410 Sackett Point Road North Haven, CT 06473 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 287-3700
Dr. Subir Roychoudhury Army 03-238 Awarded: 19DEC03 |
| Title: | JP-8 Gasifier and Pre-Reformer |
| Abstract: | Precision Combustion, Inc. (PCI) proposes to develop a compact multi-fuel catalytic reactor based on the proprietary Microlithr technology for gasification and pre-reforming of up to 6 lb/hr (i.e. ~ 40 kWt) of liquid hydrocarbon logistic fuels, such as JP-8, diesel or Jet-A, without the need for external pre-heat or pre-vaporization. The size of the catalytic reactor is expected to be less than 30 in3 (0.5 liter) and weigh < 1 kg. The hydrogen rich gasified fuel mixture exiting the reactor can then be utilized in a downstream fuel cell or combustion device for clean and efficient energy generation. The pre-reformer will be capable of operating in either catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX) or autothermal reforming (ATR) mode. For the CPOX mode only fuel and air are supplied to the reactor, yet partial fuel conversion can be achieved. For the ATR mode small amounts of water will be recycled to the reformer, allowing achieving complete conversion of the fuel and higher efficiency of the reforming process. Therefore, the performance of the pre-reformer can be adjusted depending on the particular application. In this program the pre-reformer performance will be demonstrated and the requirements for the integrated system will be analyzed. |
| BSST LLC
5462 Irwindale Avenue Irwindale, CA 91706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 815-7400
Dr. Lon Bell Army 03-239 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of An Underarmor 10 Kilowatt Thermoelectric Generator Waste Heat Recovery System for Military Vehicles |
| Abstract: | The development of a 10 kilowatt thermoelectric generator (TEG) waste heat recovery system has been identified as an approach to meet growing demand for on-board power combined with the requirement to reduce the thermal and noise signatures for emerging and future military vehicle platforms. Four elements are critical to the successful development of the TEG system: (1) increased efficiency of thermoelectric power generation systems, (2) increased power density, and (3) reduced cost, size and weight of resultant power generators. The last element is (4) a well-reasoned path forward, based on developmental experience and technical knowledge. BSST will develop the specified TEG system, using its advanced TE thermodynamic cycles in combination with high power density state-of-the-art thermoelectric materials to achieve the required efficiencies, size, weight and reduced cost. In its fundamental thermoelectrics R&D, BSST has demonstrated increases in power conversion efficiency of 2X compared to that of present high wattage systems, and size reduction in power generators of 4 - 6X using high power density state-of-the-art TE materials. Adding an APU function to this system is a task of only moderate difficulty, building on the basic elements of the TEG as discussed. |
| HI-Z TECHNOLOGY, INC.
Suite 7400, 7606 Miramar Road San Diego, CA 92126 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 695-6660
Mr. John Bass Army 03-239 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of An Underarmor 10 Kilowatt Thermoelectric Generator Waste Heat Recovery System for Military Vehicles |
| Abstract: | The proposed program will provide the preliminary design of a 10 kilowatt thermoelectric generator that can be used on the Army's Stryker and other similar vehicles. the proposed generator will directly convert energy in the exhaust of the Stryker's engine to electricity using advanced quantum well thermoelectric materials. It will also investigate the use of this generator as a separate APU by the addition of a logistic fuel burner and control system. The program will also investigate the applicability of this generator to other vehicles such as the FCS, Future Scout and LAV as well as the feasability of using a similar system on the exhaust of the Abrams Tank's gas turbine engine. The preliminary design of a quantum well based thermoelectric module for the 10 kW generator will be completed during Phase I. the eggcrate, element contacts, the necessary tooling, and film production for a prototype quantum well module for the 10 kW generator is proposed during the Phase I Option. |
| OMEGA PIEZO TECHNOLOGIES
470 Upper Georges Valley Road Spring Mills, PA 16875 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 359-4127
Dr. David Pickrell Army 03-239 Awarded: 31DEC03 |
| Title: | Compact 10 kW TEG APU Using Exhausted Gas |
| Abstract: | In this Phase I program, an innovative concept for a 10 kW thermoelectric generator (TEG) using high temperature exhaust gas will be developed. Analysis shows that more than 90 % of the total heat transfer resistance is at the gas heat exchangers attached to the hot and cold junctions of the TEG modules. The major innovation offered in this program is to use an innovative method to stack thermoelectric modules between layers of high performance heat transfer surfaces resulting in a highly compact design that meets the specified size requirements. Also, the enhanced heat transfer surface will reduce the aerodynamic noise and weight of the system. To achieve the desired power generation rate, a number of TEG modules and heat exchangers will be stacked. This requires efficient flow distribution of the exhaust gas and the ambient air through the stacks. This program will also study an innovative concept of the header to obtain a counter flow configuration. In Phase I, a high performance heat transfer surface geometry and header will be designed, and a sub-scaled system will be built and tested. The test results will include estimation of noise, size, weight, and the temperature of the exiting exhaust gas. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71, 16 Great Hollow Road Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. James Barry Army 03-240 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | An Advanced Water Filter for the Soldier |
| Abstract: | Provision of clean drinking water poses a significant challenge to Army units in the field. Due to the quantity of water required and its substantial weight, soldiers can only carry a limited supply, and sustainment of soldiers through centralized resupply poses major logistical hurdles in many situations. Existing portable water filters do not meet the need to treat locally available water supplies for safe consumption. The proposed water filtration unit addresses the limitations in current filters. It will be lightweight and compact so that it can be carried by soldiers to purify water in the field and will meet the challenging EPA standards for microbiological purification. During Phase I, proof-of-principle filter hardware including housing, pump, and filtration media will be tested. Phase II will involve development of full prototype filter systems and extensive testing. |
| WATERVISIONS INTERNATIONAL
110 Industrial Drive, Suite A2 Cumming, GA 30040 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 888-6353
Dr. Kenneth Hughes Army 03-240 Awarded: 18DEC03 |
| Title: | Water Production for Tactical Systems |
| Abstract: | Transforming the military into a sophisticated, lighter force able to mobilize quickly in response to crises around the world requires technological advancement in the production and distribution of drinking water. Recent Operation evaluations for both bottled water and bulk water use indicates that significant improvements in safety, cost, taste, distribution, and security are required to meet the transformation goal. WaterVisions International has developed improved drinking water purification technology which utilizes advanced composite materials. These materials incorporate only food-grade components (no pesticides), are inexpensive to manufacture, and highly scalable. System purification performance has been independently verified and meets EPA regulations. The technology can be embedded in soldier and vehicle systems, used to improve bulk water production, and can improve the taste of bulk stored water. Phase I objectives include evaluating microbiological and chemical purification efficiencies for prototype components designed to be embedded into tactile systems including the soldier system. Lightweight devices will be fabricated which provide 6-log reductions in bacteria, 4-log reductions in viruses, and 3-log reductions in cysts. Strong interest from commercialization partners who are currently evaluating composites for use in residential water purification applications guarantees that this effort will impact both military and civilian organizations. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Mr. Vladimir Shkolnikov Army 03-241 Awarded: 23DEC03 |
| Title: | Innovative Wet Gap Crossing Technologies for the Future Combat System/Objective Force (1000-327) |
| Abstract: | Triton proposes a system concept for innovative wet gap crossing technology to provide the FCS/OF a tool to maintain its operational mobility and combat effectiveness across wet gaps. The modular structures being developed are lightweight, mobile, and deployable into a bridge/raft capable to carry MLC 30 loads for normal crossing and MLC 40 loads for caution crossing. A modular pontoon can be packaged into a unit transportable in C-130 aircraft, by CH47 helicopter, and by new family vehicles pertinent to the FCS/OF. Triton employs a range of advanced composite materials, structures, and processes to minimize structure weight and package dimensions to provide a great level of structural optimization and efficiency. Trade-off studies on packaging arrangements, structural performance, and applied material processes will be performed. |
| APPLIED MINDS
1209 Grand Central Ave Glendale, CA 91201 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 545-1401
Dr. William Hillis Army 03-242 Awarded: 23DEC03 |
| Title: | Robotic Mules Using Leg Pairs as Virtual Wheels |
| Abstract: | Applied Minds, Inc. (AMI) will build a legged robotic vehicle by replacing the four wheels of a conventional vehicle with four leg pairs (such as those in bipedal walkers), effectively providing a set of very large diameter virtual wheels, resulting in a family of robotic legged mules with high ground clearance, high maneuverability, enhanced stability, and the ability to navigate very uneven terrain as well as narrow trails. Legged robots provide a practical solution for navigation on narrow trails but raise design and engineering challenges such as balance, stability, speed, and payload capacity. At the same time, when navigating uneven terrain, there are advantages to having wheels of very large diameter, both for rolling over surface irregularities, as well as to obtain a high clearance between the axle and the ground, but large wheels involve greater cost, greater weight, and greater power and mechanical demands on the vehicle, as well as decreased maneuverability. AMI have identified a solution to this problem by using leg pairs as virtual wheels in the design of a vehicle. By using leg pairs as a substitute for wheels in vehicle design, AMI's solution combines the advantages of legs and large wheels. |
| BOSTON DYNAMICS
515 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge, MA 02139 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 868-5600
Dr. Marc Raibert Army 03-242 Awarded: 23DEC03 |
| Title: | The Robotic Mule |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop Legged Robot Mule, a new kind of robot that helps dismounted soldiers by carrying part of their load. Legged Robot Mule will travel on operationally-relevant terrain, such as narrow mountain trails and densely wooded jungles. It will use dynamic balance to support its payload while maintaining a narrow base, enhancing its mobility. It will use computer vision to follow a human soldier who acts as its guide. It will be powered by a gasoline engine that operates for several hours without refueling. Phase I of Legged Robot Mule development will focus on establishing the feasibility of the concept. We will develop requirements for the sensing, mechanical design, locomotion control algorithms and energetics of the robot. In Phase II we will build, test and demonstrate two Legged Robot Mules in the field. |
| HUNTER MANUFACTURING CO.
30525 AURORA ROAD SOLON, OH 44139 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(440) 248-6111
Mr. Ray Hopkins Army 03-243 Awarded: 17DEC03 |
| Title: | Development of 15,000/30,000 BTU Multi-Fuel Fired Forced Air Heating System |
| Abstract: | A work plan is presented to perform surveys of components, manufacturing processes required and technologies anticipated for use in providing a preliminary design for a 4.4/8.8 kW (15,000/30,000 BTU/HR) multi-fuel fired forced air heating system. Existing products do not meet the requirements detailed in MIL-PRF-62550D. The work plan will outline the first phase of a program meant to culminate in a heating system that provides crew cab heat at low arctic temperatures for military tactical and commercial vehicles utilized in extreme environmental and rugged conditions. The proposed heating system that is developed from this proposal will contain self diagnostics, operating mode codes, component failure codes, system faults, error codes and data codes which are conspicuously displayed to assist in troubleshooting and repair. Furthermore, an analysis of candidate vehicle requirements and existing system capabilities will be investigated and documented. Finally, the proposed program will allow a fresh prospective to be taken concerning the potential for a Dual Air system to be compatible with current NBC protection considerations in over-pressurization of crew cabs. |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Mr. Brian Muskopf NAVY 03-156 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Lightweight Materials for the Expeditionary Fuel System (EFS) |
| Abstract: | The Expeditiary Fuel System (EFS) concept was designed to be a modular fuel tank system capable of deployment aboard a multitude of ships, ground vehicles and aircraft. The EFS is comprised of individual tank modules mounted to a unique transport pallet. While the concept was successfully demonstrated in FY 2001, the prototype tanks were too heavy to meet requirements for production. The Marine Corps needs a system comprised of individual tank modules that can break down for transport aboard amphibious ships. The fuel tank modules must be affordable, lighter and more robust than the current aluminum EFS tank modules. Texas Research Institute Austin, Inc. proposes to develop a cost effective, lightweight, durable, modular, composite EFS fuel tank that will be man portable, easy to assemble and disassemble, and corrosion resistant, significantly reducing maintenance and repair costs. The composite EFS tank module will be constructed from composite materials that will meet all U.S. Navy shipboard requirements, operational loads and environmental exposures. The use of composite materials will provide a low cost, lightweight EFS tank module that will have a long, corrosion free, damage tolerant service life. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Mr. Jacob Alexander NAVY 03-156 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Affordable Lightweight "Integral" Composite Material Design for The EFS Module (1000-305) |
| Abstract: | Triton Systems Inc. proposes a lightweight, low-cost, composite material design to replace the current heavy aluminum system for the expeditionary fuel system (EFS) module. The composite EFS will be fire- retardant, corrosion resistant, and environmentally friendly. Triton will engineer and optimize the advanced thermoplastic or thermoset polymer matrix composite (PMC) material design for lightweight, rendering the EFS module man-portable. The lightweight EFS module will provide the Marine Corps with capability to efficiently conduct bulk liquid throughput and distribution on the battlefield. With its high strength-to-weight ratio, comparable stiffness, and energy absorption properties, engineered PMC offers significant potential for weight savings (>35%), over the current aluminum design. The composite EFS module will be fabricated using Triton's Controlled Resin Injection Molding Process (CRIMP), a modified version of Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion Molding (VARIM) process, which is the most cost-effective integral manufacturing process. The process uses closed molds and is thereby environmentally friendly. |
| ADVANCED CERAMICS RESEARCH, INC.
3292 E. Hemisphere Loop Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 434-6392
Dr. Ranji Vaidyanathan NAVY 03-157 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Lightweight sandwich composites for improved thermal and acoustic performance |
| Abstract: | In this phase I SBIR program, Advanced Ceramics Research, Inc. (ACR) proposes the development of an innovative, one-step co-curing fabrication process for sandwich composite structures with a flexible insulating material encapsulated by an fiberglass/epoxy face sheet for thermal and acoustic barrier applications. The flexible insulating material has excellent thermal and acoustic properties, is commercially available but its use has been limited due to the lack of structural integrity. The advantage of the proposed method is that in a stitched sandwich construction it can provide exceptional thermal and acoustic properties at half the thickness of current fiberglass/epoxy composites. ACR's patented water soluble tooling material will be used in the fabrication of sandwich panels with complex geometry. This provides the opportunity to make sandwich panels to fit any given profile further reducing size and weight. The composite panels can also be fabricated for modular construction to provide high repair/replaceablity at low cost. |
| MATERIALS SCIENCES CORP.
500 Office Center Drive, Suite 250 Fort Washington, PA 19034 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 542-8400
Dr. Anthony A. Caiazzo NAVY 03-157 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Attenuation Thermal Barriers for the AAAV (MSC P1B16-327) |
| Abstract: | Structural vibrations and heat produced by high output turbo-machinery can adversely impact the performance of nearby personnel and contribute to costly and premature failure of equipment within the AAAV. The product of the SBIR program outlined in this proposal is a lightweight composite structural enclosure designed to provide maximum acoustic attenuation and thermal shielding. The design concept proposed by Materials Sciences Corporation integrates two synergistic noise control technologies into a sandwich construction in which constituent materials, layering sequences, fiber architectures, and a structural geometry are tailored to maximize thermal shielding and transmission losses at a minimum weight. The feasibility of our integral acoustic attenuation concepts into low thermal conductivity panels will be demonstrated by designing, fabricating and testing five panel configurations to assess their performance relative to the AAAV performance goals. |
| TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS, INC.
5445 Conestoga Court, #2A Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 443-2262
Mr. Mark Allen NAVY 03-157 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Passive Acoustic-Thermal Vacuum Insulation System (PATVIS) |
| Abstract: | Performance requirements of the Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle (AAAV) have resulted in hot and/or noisy equipment inside the AAAV with sound levels over 120 dBA. Current methods are inadequate to allay these extreme conditions that present physical and operational hazards to Marines engaged in combat maneuvers. TAI is proposing a highly innovative concept to provide a new level of performance in combined thermal insulation and acoustic attenuation. Advances in the areas of thermal insulation and noise suppression are available through the use of vacuum insulation panel (VIP) technology. VIP has exceptionally low thermal conductivity resulting in thermal performance that exceeds AAAV requirements by as much as an order of magnitude. Because vacuum is the ultimate attenuator for sound, VIP provides a great potential for noise reduction. However, no study has been conducted to determine the effectiveness of VIP with respect to passive acoustic attenuation. TAI proposes to conduct such a study in this Phase I effort. Additionally, state-of-the-art viscoelastic materials can be packaged with VIP providing a synergistic combination of properties to achieve a solution for the AAAV. |
| GMA INDUSTRIES, INC.
20 Ridgely Avenue, Suite 301 Annapolis, MD 21401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 267-6600
Mr. R. G. Wright NAVY 03-158 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Holistic Circuit Card Testing using Nanoscale Sensors |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes work efforts culminating in the design and eventual (Phase II) development of a prototype circuit card tester utilizing nanoscale sensors combined with laser and optical techniques to analyze circuit cards as an entire, complete system of components, circuit paths, and connectors rather than the sum of its individual parts. This revolutionary new approach has been made possible through the development of nanotechnology-based devices that can sense characteristics and changes at the molecular level, lending itself to the detection of entire classes of anomalies and failures that are not detectable using currently available automatic or other test equipment currently performing end-to-end diagnostic testing of individual signal parameters. These characteristics include degraded operational performance resulting from the aging of components as well as from corrosion, wear, stress, and other effects that may accumulate in the field. Our approach focuses on the development of a small footprint, man-portable lightweight system capable of being deployed via Humvee or remotely controlled ground or air vehicle to remote locations. |
| RADIATION MONITORING DEVICES, INC.
44 Hunt Street Watertown, MA 02472 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 926-1167
Mr. Timothy C. Tiernan NAVY 03-158 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Microscopic Damage Detection and Remaining Life Assessment of Printed Circuit Boards |
| Abstract: | Field inspection of printed circuit boards (PCB), and assessment of their condition is critical for the readiness of military equipment. A new technology is needed that is portable and able to inspect PCBs, yet can perform sophisticated characterization of defects, and predict the remaining life of the electronics. The technology proposed by RMD could revolutionize the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of PCBs and circuit components using inspection at the microscopic level to predict aging effects in PCBs. The technology is based on the use of a two-dimensional, high density array of microscopic MR (magnetoresistance) sensors for detection and mapping of both induced magnetic fields, and electric currents in PCBs and components. Analysis of the magnetic fields allows detection and imaging, at the microscopic level, of parameters such as electrical continuity, trace thinning, short circuits, and aging effects. The defects will be mapped and imaged in three-dimensional space so that the localized electrical parameters can be correlated with the nature and severity of the defect. RMD has assembled a team with the technical expertise, and experience to successfully develop the proposed technology. When fully realized, the new technology will detect defective circuitry, and analyze the reliability of critical DoD systems. |
| MAINSTREAM ENGINEERING CORP.
200 Yellow Place, Pines Industrial Center Rockledge, FL 32955 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(321) 631-3550
Dr. Robert P. Scaringe NAVY 03-159 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Demonstration of a Portable Water Purification Device for the USMC |
| Abstract: | A lightweight portable water purification device has been long sought by the US military. Mainstream has been hard at developing such a lightweight purification device since 1989, and has finally developed the configuration for a small portable device that will meet or exceed all the performance requirements of this USMC solicitation. This device, which uses a unique and patent-pending configuration, has already been designed by Mainstream and is discussed in this proposal. At 24 ounces dry-weight, this device can produce 1.5 liters of purified water in as little as 45 seconds. Cleaning is simple and straightforward. Phase I includes the fabrication and demonstration testing of this lightweight water purification device, which includes a 1.5 liter water storage capacity. Mainstream has been developing this technology for many years and we will continue to put our own Internal Research and Development funds into this project, because of the tremendous commercial potential for this technology. Phase I will allow a full demonstration of the concept's feasibility, and provide performance comparisons to alternative approaches. The Phase II effort will address DoD field testing, and prototype refinements for an actual USMC application. |
| MIOX CORP.
5500 Midway Park Place NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 938-1013
Mr. Rodney Herrington NAVY 03-159 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Light-weight Individual Comprehensive Hydration System |
| Abstract: | This system consists of several components including filtration, storage, disinfection, desalination, water quality analysis, and drinking tube systems. The system will be operational in a nuclear, chemical, and biological (NBC) environment, and will be able to remove/destroy NBC contaminants. The system will be sized for the individual user/soldier and will have separable components to fit the mission. |
| TDA RESEARCH, INC.
12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 940-2312
Dr. Steven D. Dietz NAVY 03-159 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Man Portable Water Purification System |
| Abstract: | In today's military, Marines must be highly mobile and carry all necessary equipment and supplies with them. A major limitation to mobility is the need to carry fresh water. An individual Marine must carry 12 to 24 pounds of water for each day they will be in the field without re-supply. It would be far better to be able to purify locally-available water, but no technology exists that will allow Marines on the battlefield to purify water in every environment. Existing, commercially-available water purification devices can readily handle large particles, bacteria, protozoan cysts and viruses, but currently there are no man portable systems for purifying brackish or salt water. In this proposal TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) will build a portable water purification system that includes desalination. The overall Phase I work plan is to build a prototype system, and then test its desalination capacity. From this prototype system we will be able to identify the advantage of desalination process and address the problems. We will do an engineering analysis to analyze the cost and performance of the system and allow us to design and build improved systems in Phase II. |
| NANOHMICS, INC.
6201 East Oltorf St., Suite 100 Austin, TX 78741 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 389-9990
Dr. Keith Jamison NAVY 03-160 Awarded: 24NOV03 |
| Title: | Arrayed, Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Based High Intensity LED for Area Denial |
| Abstract: | Nanohmics proposes to develop a compact, efficient, high luminous intensity strobe light that emits in the 520 to 550 nm spectral range using gallium nitride (GaN) emitters. The design will be developed around an array of GaN surface mount chips for a 180 degree illumination pattern of light luminous intensities capable of temporarily disabling or disorienting potential adversaries (i.e. flashblinding). Nanohmics will also investigate the use of broad area emission from optically doped aluminum nitride as a down converter to optimize the emission wavelength for optimal eye sensitivity. The system will operate from rechargeable batteries, contain embedded circuits for variable frequency pulse generation, and an integrated radio-frequency link for remote programming and reporting of individual strobe systems. All strobe systems could then be operated from a single control unit for wide area coverage. Systems can be strategically placed to maximize probability of disabling the target(s). In Phase I, Nanohmics will determine optimal device properties and configurations. Based on this study, a prototype design of the system will be generated. During the Phase II, Nanohmics will take the most promising materials system and construct a prototype device optimized for Navy area denial requirements. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Photonic Division, 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Ilya Agurok NAVY 03-160 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Adaptive Noncoherent Dazzler Floodlight |
| Abstract: | A noncoherent source of light is needed as a nonlethal weapon to disable opposing forces with minimal casualties. To address this need, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Adaptive Dazzler Floodlight (ADF), based on a noncoherent compact source and a dazzler. ADF will deter opposing forces at controllable levels varying from repel to incapacitate. Its noncoherent eye-safe illumination will cause no permanent injury to personnel. In the ADF approach, the output power is controlled by switching on a variable number of light emitting diodes (LEDs), the outputs of which are collimated by nonimaging solid collimators. The ADF also includes a xenon arc lamp as a conventional floodlight whose output is collimated by an innovative POC omnidirectional collimator and directed by a conical mirror. The xenon lamp outputs the floodlight beam through the ring-shaped outer area of the ADF aperture, whose central area is occupied by the LED dazzler assembly. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the ADF technology. In Phase II, an engineering prototype will be developed and tested. |
| TROUT GREEN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
4411 Spicewood Springs Rd #109 Austin, TX 78759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 418-1776
Dr. Gary Marsden NAVY 03-160 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Non-Lethal Light Grenade |
| Abstract: | Trout Green Technologies proposes to develop a non-lethal light grenade and related weapon systems which utilize a debilitating strobe effect to temporarily render opposing and innocent forces helpless. A unique feature of the approach prevents this debilitating strobe from reaching friendly forces. The approach utilizes conventional technologies in a novel manner to provide low-cost, lightweight devices. |
| LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC.
2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(434) 220-0148
Dr. Fritz Friedersdorf NAVY 03-161 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Chromate-Free, Zero Volatile Organic Compound Primer for Amphibious Vehicles |
| Abstract: | The objective of the program is to demonstrate through resin synthesis and system formulation a chromate-free, zero volatile organic compound (VOC) primer that meets the corrosion, physical and environmental resistance performance requirements for the exterior surfaces of amphibious assault vehicles. Luna Innovations, Inc. will develop a novel VOC-free binder system consisting of a water-dispersible glycidyl carbamate functional epoxy resin. The crosslink-functional coating will have the excellent physical and barrier properties of a two-component epoxy resin combined with the durability and flexibility of polyurethane. Incorporation of low-cost, environmentally acceptable plant-based extracts that exhibit remarkable corrosion inhibition into the primer system will provide the required corrosion protection. Luna will demonstrate the performance properties of the coating system through the appropriate standardized military tests and in direct comparison to existing chromate-bearing military qualified products. Substantial cost and performance benefits with concomitant decreased environmental impact will be realized from the novel high performance system formulated to conform to existing logistical and operational requirements. |
| PHOENIX INNOVATION, INC.
20 Patterson Brook Road, PO Box 550 Wareham, MA 02576 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 291-4375
Dr. Brian G. Dixon NAVY 03-161 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Improved Hexavalent Chromium-Free Primer, with Reduced Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) |
| Abstract: | Scouting experiments have demonstrated our ability to prevent the corrosion of aluminum substrates through the use of extremely small quantities of carbon nanotubes dispersed within an advanced coating matrix. The results of a comparison with state of the art mil-spec coatings is presented. The final formulation will cure rapidly at ambient temperatures, and have no VOCs. |
| TDA RESEARCH, INC.
12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 940-2302
Dr. Ronald L. Cook NAVY 03-161 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Low-VOC Chromate-Free Primer |
| Abstract: | The Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle (AAAV) is the United States Marine Corps' newest weapon system that moves three times faster and carries greater firepower than the current amphibian vehicle. The spectacular performance of the AAAV is due in part to the structural use of Aluminum alloy 2519-T87. Aluminum alloy 2519 is an Al-Cu alloy developed as a weldable material, and has ballistic penetration resistance superior to the previously used Al-Mg 5xxx series armor alloys, such as 5083. Unfortunately like other Al-Cu alloys (e.g. Al2024-T3 used in aircraft), alloy-2519 is highly susceptible to corrosion. Thus, high levels of corrosion protection are needed in order to minimize general corrosion, largely in the form of pitting and filliform corrosion and thereby minimize the AAAV's operating and support costs. TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) has developed a novel releasable corrosion inhibitor that offers exceptional protection for high strength Al-Cu alloys. TDA will incorporate these new corrosion inhibitors into a low-VOC epoxy and combine their use with the Navy's hexavalent-chromate-free trivalent chromium conversion coating to make a highly effective corrosion protection system. |
| NANOSYNTEX
448 North Cedar Bluff Road, Suite 222 Knoxville, TN 37923 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(423) 586-1101
Dr. Vasanthakumar Narayanan NAVY 03-162 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Non-Woven Textile Technologies |
| Abstract: | The main objective of this proposal is to investigate the use of nonwoven textile composite fabrics in military applications such as battledress uniforms (BDU), chemical and biological agents protective uniforms (CBPU), tents, tarps, coverings, bags and other miscellaneous items where conventional woven and knitted fabrics are currently used. The opportunity is to create innovative and lightweight nonwoven composites that will enhance the functional performance of current military uniforms and other textile applications while retaining properties of wear, durability and printability at improved life cycle cost. The possibility of improving the current design of BDU to incorporate additional protection against chemical and biological agents while reducing the heat stress will also be explored. This phase I proposal will investigate the potential uses of various nonwoven textile technologies such as spunlace, spunbond, melt blown, ultrasonic-bonded and needle-punched for use in the US military. The nonwoven composite fabrics will be tested for functional properties such as durability, air permeability, printability and launderability. |
| INVOCON, INC.
19221 IH-45 South; Ste. 530 Conroe, TX 77385 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(281) 292-9903
Mr. Kevin Champaigne NAVY 03-163 Awarded: 21NOV03 |
| Title: | EPIC (Electromagnetic Personnel Interdiction Control) |
| Abstract: | The Marine Corps has a requirement for a non-destructive stun weapon that would render a hostile war fighter ineffective for a period of time. There is significant political and military interest in such a capability. In addition, the ability to remotely incapacitate a human being without permanent damage would be a landmark event in the field of civil law enforcement. The desirability of waging bloodless war to counter threats to national security is virtually limitless since both military and civil authority could determine a priori when and if loss of human life is necessary. IVC proposes to investigate the use of beamed RF energy to excite and interrupt the normal process of human hearing and equilibrium. The focus will be in two areas. (1) Interruption of the mechanical transduction process by which sound and position (relative to gravity) are converted to messages that are processed by the brain. (2) Interruption of the chemical engine which sustains the proper operation of the nerve cells that respond to the mechanical transduction mechanisms referenced in item (1). Interruption of either or both of these processes has been clinically shown to produce complete disorientation and confusion. Second order effects would be extreme motion sickness. |
| WAVEBAND CORP.
17152 Armstrong Ave Irvine, CA 92614 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 253-4019
Dr. Lev Sadovnik NAVY 03-163 Awarded: 19NOV03 |
| Title: | Remote Personnel Incapacitation System |
| Abstract: | WaveBand Corporation proposes to develop a new class of remote Temporary Incapacitating Systems (TIS) particularly suitable for area denial to unfriendly crowds. The approach is based on a known phenomenon whose physical and physiological principles have been experimentally established. The proposed TIS has the advantages of: - Compact packaging. - Full perimeter coverage with dynamically controllable radius of the protected area. - Relatively low power consumption permitting autonomous battery powered operation. - Low probability of fatalities or permanent injuries. In the Phase I of this project WaveBand will demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach and will design its hardware implementation. |
| RST SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, INC.
2331 W. Lincoln Ave, Suite 300 Anaheim, CA 92801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 772-8274
Mr. R. S. Tahim NAVY 03-164 Awarded: 12NOV03 |
| Title: | Multi-Band Air Defense/Air Search Radar |
| Abstract: | Multi-band phased array radar systems that contain solid-state transmitter sources and low-noise preamplifiers for transmission and reception are preferred over the conventional airborne radar antennas. The active array radar offers the advantages in the areas of power management and efficiency, reliability, signal reception, beam steering target detection and system performance. The current phased array radar design is narrow-band, very complex, expensive and less efficient. In addition, the size, power dissipation and the weight problems have inhibited the development of multi-band phased array antenna systems so far. This proposal describes the development of multi-band active radar system based on wide-band multi-functional antenna elements and very low loss, wide-band, and high power handling phase control circuits for beam scan. The new phase shifter design is based on micro-strip feed lines perturbed by the proximity of voltage controlled piezoelectric transducer (PET). The insertion loss of phase shifter is less than 1dB up to 20 GHz. The new active array radar design will have significant improvement in performance, size and efficiency. |
| SENSIS CORP.
5793 Widewaters Parkway DeWitt, NY 13214 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 234-3754
Mr. Brian Edward NAVY 03-164 Awarded: 12NOV03 |
| Title: | Multi-Band Air Defense/Air Search Radar |
| Abstract: | Next generation radar systems will be required to perform multiple missions. For example tactical ground based systems will be called upon for supporting air defense with target identification and for air traffic control. Additionally the same system will be required to perform hostile weapons locating together with cueing of friendly weapons. It is essential that all of these missions be accomplished effectively with a high degree of performance and readiness. Providing the ability for the radar system to operate in more than a single frequency band enables realizing optimum multi-mission performance. Lower frequencies generally provide superior long range surveillance capabilities while higher frequencies excel for angular accuracy and target discrimination. Novel implementations for multi-band radar are essential to support system performance growth and system readiness, and to realize attractive total ownership costs. Sensis Corporation proposes to develop the technologies for realizing multi-band active phased array antennas for high mobility multi-mission radar systems. For Phase I of the proposed program, Sensis will leverage our expertise to formulate the dual-band radar system operational concept, architect the active phased array, establish key Transmit/Receive channel requirements, and derive an active array T/R building block concept. |
| CFD RESEARCH CORP.
215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 726-4800
Mr. Alton J. Reich NAVY 03-165 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Enhancement and Optimization of a Lobed Mixer for AAAV |
| Abstract: | CFDRC proposes to reduce the thermal and acoustic signatures of the AAAV engine exhaust with a minimal loss in installed engine performance by designing, optimizing and testing a passive, lobed mixer/ejector system. A design, analysis and test cycle based upon accurate and validated Computational Fluid Dynamics analyses, parametric design optimizations and detailed testing is proposed to reduce the detectable thermal and acoustic signatures. During Phase I our efforts will focus on isolated ejector analyses and tests that will be used to assess enhancements to the lobed mixer. This will be expanded during Phase II by optimization of the installed mixer system performance and signature reduction via consideration of flow features upstream and downstream of the mixer for various engine operating conditions and environments. The AAAV design currently incorporates an untested and uncharacterized, passive, lobed mixing device that conditions engine exhaust flow to reduce the thermal and acoustic signatures. The proposed work will characterize the existing system, and at completion of Phase II, result in an optimized design that reduces the thermal and acoustic signatures without significant impact on space, weight and power. CFDRC has applicable experience assisting GDLS in the design and analysis of such systems for other combat vehicles. |
| TOUCHSTONE RESEARCH LABORATORY, LTD.
The Millennium Centre, R.R. 1, Box 100B Triadelphia, WV 26059 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(304) 547-5800
Mr. Matthew M. Rowe NAVY 03-165 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Reduction of Ground Vehicle Observables Through Carbon Foam-Based Exhaust Treatment |
| Abstract: | This project addresses the topic of Reduction of Ground Vehicle Observables. The use of carbon foam to reduce engine-related observables will be investigated. Carbon foam offers high specific thermal conductivity while providing better structural properties at elevated temperatures than traditional heat exchanger materials. Carbon foams also resist chemical and environmental corrosion without the need for additional coatings or treatments, making them well suited to abusive environments. Because of the foam's open-celled structure CFOAMr also has the potential to act as a filter for particulate matter. This study will address the reduction of three observables: heat, noise and particulate matter and the impact on cost, weight and performance. The Phase I effort will review design options and analyze their impact on observables, vehicle functionality and performance. Phase II work will construct a prototype to demonstrate the reduction of observables and will address future technological hurdles. |
| INTEVAC, INC.
Commercial Imaging Division, 3560 Bassett Street Santa Clara, CA 95054 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 496-2804
Mr. David Brown NAVY 03-166 Awarded: 24NOV03 |
| Title: | Remote Perimeter Security System |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes the development of an intrusion detection system based on the use of two camera subsystems. The first subsystem, used for basic detection of intruders, is a long wavelength (~8-12um) thermal camera. This camera detects warm objects of any kind, day or night, and constantly monitors a wide field of view (FOV). The second subsystem is automatically activated in response to potential intruders detected by the thermal camera. It consists of two telephoto video cameras capable of imaging detail at large distances to classify the intruder. One camera is primarily for daytime color imaging of the potential intruder. The second camera is Intevac's NightVista intensified low light camera for nighttime classification. An eyesafe parabolic infrared illuminator is used with the NightVista to project focused IR light out to large distances to improve the nighttime image. This system will provide sufficently detailed images such that the software will be able to classify objects as either human or animal. |
| REMOTEREALITY CORP.
4 Technology Dr Westborough, MA 01581 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 898-8613
Dr. Raghu Menon NAVY 03-166 Awarded: 24NOV03 |
| Title: | Remote Perimeter Security System |
| Abstract: | Perimeter surveillance and monitoring is an integral and important aspect of anti-terrorism and force protection. The addition of a large number of sensors to cover the area under surveillance increases the risk of operator inattention and makes cost prohibitive. Current cameras have limited range for object detection or are extremely expensive. Coverage of large areas needs automation to detect intrusions with alarm actions on events.The goal of the proposed work is to build an advanced video imaging based omni-directional perimeter security system. The system will comprise omni-directional cameras and integrated tracking technologies and other sensors, such as slaved Pan/tilt/zoom cameras for target identification. Omni-directional optics to achieve the desired range of detection will also be designed. |
| NAVMAR APPLIED SCIENCES CORP.
65 West Street Road, Suite B-104 Warminster, PA 18974 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 675-4900
Dr. Jeffrey Waldman NAVY 03-167 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Low Cost High Strength High Toughness Corrosion Resistant Materials for Marine Corps Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle (AAAV) |
| Abstract: | The Marine Corps Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle (AAAV) has a need for low cost titanium alloys for use in major components such as the Hydro-pneumatic Suspension Unit (HSU) and for low cost, high strength, high toughness, corrosion resistant materials for use in other critical components. The Phase I effort will involve trade-off studies on commercial alloys/processes (Ti-6Al-4V investment castings and Custom 465, MP35N, IN718), on near term commercial materials (Ferrium S53) and on far term materials (nanomaterials) to evaluate their applicability for use in selected components for the AAAV. Phase I will also involve testing of the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the Ti-6Al-4V castings and the Custom 465 and MP35N and developing preliminary design concepts for the use of these materials in the AAAV. Phase I will provide recommendations of specific materials and/or process substitutions which will achieve cost reduction with equivalent or improved performance over the currently used titanium alloy and steel components. An Option Phase will involve (1) designing the titanium casting process to produce AAAV components and (2) laboratory testing of selected near term commercial materials. |
| QUESTEK INNOVATIONS LLC
1820 Ridge Avenue Evanston, IL 60201 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(847) 328-5800
Dr. James A. Wright NAVY 03-167 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Low Cost High Strength High Toughness Corrosion Resistant Materials for Marine Corps Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle (AAAV) |
| Abstract: | QuesTek Innovations LLC proposes to demonstrate the feasibility for the rapid development of a low-cost, nanostructured high-strength, high-toughness stainless steel for components of the Marine Corps Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle (AAAV), which experience severe corrosive and abrasive environments, including seawater and sand. To perform successfully, the material from which these structural components are fabricated must have a balance of properties, including high-strength, high-toughness, good wear resistance, and good corrosion resistance. The best material solutions currently available are either Ti alloys, such as Ti-6-4, or proprietary stainless steel alloys. Ti-6-4 is an expensive material, and a significant goal of this project is the reduction of material and machining costs without sacrificing performance. A well-developed set of computational design tools has already been applied to the design of new stainless steels for aerospace landing gear applications. Under this proposed Phase I SBIR, a series of microstructural toughening strategies will be theoretically assessed to devise stainless steel compositions matching the more rigid corrosion resistance, strength, and toughness properties needed for structural components of the AAAV. A new high strength, high toughness stainless alloy would have dual-use application potential for commercial aircraft and other commercial markets such as marine equipment. |
| OPTOMEC DESIGN CO.
3911 Singer NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 761-8250
Dr. Richard Grylls NAVY 03-168 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Laser Deposition for Manufacture of Titanium Cast Parts |
| Abstract: | Optomec proposes to develop the capability to use the laser deposition process to provide an alternative for investment casting for aerospace-grade Ti-6-4 components. Previous data suggests that laser deposition can be a viable manufacturing route for these components. We will investigate the mechanical properties of laser-deposited material in thick sections, to determine whether laser deposition can be used for large components. We will use the feedback control sensors of the process to understand defect formation, and determine whether real-time process checks can be used to eliminate defects. We will evaluate the microstructural and chemical properties to ensure compliance with the relevant standards, and we will evaluate non-destructive testing techniques to determine whether they can adequately screen laser-deposited material. The outcome will be an assessment of the process relative to casting, and an identification of components and methods to successfully develop and introduce the technology to the Navy. |
| TITECH INTERNATIONAL, INC.
4000 West Valley Boulevard, P.O. Box 3060 Pomona, CA 91769 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(909) 595-7455
Dr. Edward Chen NAVY 03-168 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Affordable Titanium Structures Using Innovative Casting Technologies |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I effort proposes to develop an innovative, more affordable titanium casting technology based on rammed graphite and hybrid molding technologies. Rammed graphite molding is a lower-cost casting process not traditionally used to manufacture aerospace titanium components, while hybrid molds are a combination of two or more non-traditional molding technologies. This processing approach consists of casting technique of using rammed graphite mold combined with other molding materials to achieve near net shape titanium structures at a lower cost than by conventional investment casting for certain classes of aerospace components. The new process is expected to yield sufficient microstructure, mechanical properties as compared with the current investment casting method, with sufficient part geometrical complexity capability and surface finish when supplemented with added-value fabrication methods. |
| ENGINEERING SOFTWARE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, INC.
10845 Olive Blvd., Suite 170 St. Louis, MO 63141 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(314) 983-0649
Mr. J. R. Dennison NAVY 03-169 Awarded: 12SEP03 |
| Title: | Incorporation of Analysis Enhancements of a p-Element Analysis Code Required for Implementing the Strain Invariant Failure Theory |
| Abstract: | Historically, the correlation between predicted failure and actual failure of composite aircraft structures has left much to be desired. Current analytical prediction methods often over estimate or under estimate the failure load by 25% or more. Compounding the problem is that the failure location is not consistently identified by the analytical method. The inability to accurately model and predict failure of composite structure has led to a lengthy and costly, test-based certification process. A relatively new failure theory for composites, the Strain Invariant Failure Theory (SIFT), is proving to be far more accurate at predicting failure. SIFT in conjunction with a robust finite element analysis (FEA) tool offer an efficient method aimed at streamlining the design certification process for laminated composite structures. Phase I activities address the necessary enhancements to StressCheckr, a parametric p-version FEA tool, to facilitate the use of SIFT methodology during post-processing. Enhancements include: 1) Add a General Shell element and a Transition element that will enable the connection of a shell to a 3D solid element. 2) Add laminated orthotropic material properties that follow the general curvature of a shell or solid element. 3) Add a Contact element and 3D Fastener element with clamp-up simulation. |
| CAPE COD RESEARCH, INC.
19 Research Road East Falmouth, MA 02536 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 540-4400
Mr. Francis L. Keohan NAVY 03-170 Awarded: 16OCT03 |
| Title: | Low-VOC, Self-Priming Conformal Coatings |
| Abstract: | Electrically insulating conformal coatings are used to protect electronic components including antennas from corrosion. A low VOC, non-chromated flexible coating is proposed for protecting aircraft antenna components in the corrosive marine environment. Novel elastomeric resins having inherent corrosion inhibiting qualities will be formulated with non-metallic anticorrosive agents to yield self-priming coatings with excellent adhesion to antenna structures, flexibility and high durability. The proposed research seeks to apply a proprietary chemical technology to the formulation of low VOC, non-chromate conformal coating systems that meet the current MIL-I-46058C specification. The proposed anticorrosion formulations will readily form low permeability, conformal films that adhere strongly without the need for priming. The development of new multi-function polymeric additives should significantly improve the formulation properties and allow conventional spray application of the primerless coatings. The new conformal coatings will be tested against conventional solventborne systems for adhesion, electrical insulation and corrosion inhibition. The ability to form adherent, highly flexible and durable barrier coatings over non-ferrous metals and cross polarizer materials without primers would represent a significant advancement in corrosion engineering and aerospace maintenance technology. The new coatings will be thoroughly screened for corrosion prevention, electrical insulation properties, and adhesion according to standard methods. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71, 16 Great Hollow Road Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. Nabil A. Elkouh NAVY 03-170 Awarded: 16OCT03 |
| Title: | Environmentally Benign Polymer Coatings for Enhanced Corrosion Protection |
| Abstract: | Aircraft radar antenna systems pose unique challenges to protective coatings. Coatings must not interfere with radar operation, must provide a high level of corrosion protection, and not adversely affect the environment. We propose to develop a novel polymer coating system that simultaneously satisfies these requirements and also provides improved convenience for the application process. The coating will provide additional benefits in corrosion protection of marine equipment, bridges, automobiles, and industrial chemical processing equipment and storage tanks. In Phase I, we will demonstrate the feasibility of the polymer coating system by developing a preliminary coating formulation and demonstrating its ability to provide improved corrosion protection, in addition to its suitability for radar antenna applications. In Phase II, we will optimize the coating formulation and perform field testing. |
| LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC.
2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 953-4280
Dr. Martin Rogers NAVY 03-170 Awarded: 16OCT03 |
| Title: | Chrome-Free, Zero VOC Coating for Aircraft Radar |
| Abstract: | The objective of the program is to demonstrate through resin synthesis and system formulation a single-coat, chromate-free, low or zero volatile organic compound (ZVOC) conformal coating that meets the performance requirements for radar antenna systems. Luna Innovations, Inc. will synthesis novel autoxidative water-based polyurethane dispersions that will facilitate formulation of an air-cured single-component, ZVOC primer. Incorporation of low-cost, environmentally acceptable plant-based extracts that exhibit remarkable corrosion inhibition into the coating system will provide enhanced corrosion protection to facilitate elimination of the primer thus achieving the desired single coat system. Luna will demonstrate the required performance properties of the coating system through the appropriate standardized military tests and in direct comparison to existing military specified products. Particular emphasis will be given to the dielectric properties and corrosion performance of the coating. Substantial cost and performance benefits with concomitant decreased environmental impact will be realized from the novel high performance system formulated to conform to existing logistical and operational requirements. |
| EN URGA, INC.
1291-A Cumberland Avenue West Lafayette, IN 47906 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(765) 497-3269
Dr. Yudaya Sivathanu NAVY 03-171 Awarded: 30SEP03 |
| Title: | Very Low Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Spray Application Process for Iron Filled Elastomeric (IFE) Coatings |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovation Research Phase 1 project will demonstrate the feasibility of a new method for spraying high viscosity IFE MagRAM coatings. This new method of forming sprays uses very little VOC solvents (estimated to be 5% by weight or less), and has two distinguishing features: (1) The application of effervescent atomization for producing droplets independent of the fluid viscosity, and (2) a perforated aerator tube insert to control both the Sauter mean diameter (SMD, or D32) and the distribution of drop sizes. These features allow for the reduction (elimination in certain applications) of VOC carrier liquids that are required with current conventional spray nozzles. The three key tasks of the Phase I project are: (1) to design and fabricate an effervescent atomizer to spray solids filled polymeric liquids with viscosities ranging up to 120 KU, (2) to evaluate the effervescent atomizer with coatings having a range of VOCs to assure that acceptable drop size and distribution performance is achieved with low concentrations of VOCs, and (3) to evaluate the spray performance and coating characteristics at low VOC concentrations. The anticipated primary result of the Phase I project is the demonstration of successfully spraying high viscosity coatings using effervescent atomization. |
| METSS CORP.
300 Westdale Avenue Westerville, OH 43082 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(614) 797-2200
Dr. Gideon Salee NAVY 03-172 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Quick Cure Long-Shelf-Life Liquid Shim |
| Abstract: | The Navy and the Air Force currently use epoxy liquid shim materials for aircraft assembly. The two-part epoxy is mixed just prior to the application on airframe components during assembly. However this method is time consuming as excessive labor is required to support mixing, application and cleanup of the excess liquid shim material. This particular process has historically been a schedule driver in the F/A-18 E/F as two part liquid shim materials typically require eight hours or more prior to being able to perform the next assembly process. With the aggressive production rates proposed for the JSF program, optimizing manufacturing throughput is of paramount concern, which means reworking liquid shim practices. In support of this, the Navy is looking for innovative material approaches creating a quick cure (less than two hours), long working life (greater than one hour), and a room temperature shelf life exceeding one year. New shim materials should also remove the liquid shim process from the critical assembly path. Under the proposed program METSS will evaluate single-component anaerobic-curing liquid shim compositions that will eliminate the need for mixing components, provide the required working time for parts assembly, and fully cure within two hours or less. The proposed technology can be rapidly commercialized, thereby offering the Navy potential for a near-term solution to this critical production problem. |
| TDA RESEARCH, INC.
12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 940-2331
Dr. Bryan M. Smith NAVY 03-172 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Rapid-Cure Liquid Shim |
| Abstract: | The U.S. DoD and several of our allies have designed and developed an advanced military fighter aircraft, the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF). During assembly, a liquid shim epoxy paste is applied before joints are mechanically fastened to make the joined surfaces fit tightly, thereby strengthening the joints and making them more durable. The current liquid shims provide excellent physical properties (particularly adhesive and compressive strength) but typically require 24 hours to develop a suitable handling strength and up to 5-7 days for full cure at ambient temperature. Unfortunately, this long cure time results in a bottleneck for JSF manufacture. To remove the bottleneck, the JSF program requires a new liquid shim material that maintains the excellent properties of the current materials but cures in less than two hours. TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) proposes to adapt our novel epoxy curatives to develop a high-strength, rapid-cure liquid shim. In this project, we will demonstrate feasibility by preparing curatives, formulating them into rapid curing epoxy liquid shim pastes, and testing the shims' mechanical properties in accordance with Aerospace Material Specification 3726. |
| INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF VIRTUAL ORG., INC.
1010 Gloria Ave. Durham, NC 27701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 688-8212
Dr. Matthew Heric NAVY 03-174 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Multi-Sensor Terrain Fusion |
| Abstract: | The Navy is seeking improved capabilities to generate automatically elevation data products and have updatable and retrievable output via an automated advanced tactical terrain database system, supporting the Tomahawk Cruise Missile Program. The envisioned end-to-end solution must be able to process, manage, and/or fuse a variety of inputs, and these include multi-source imagery as well as existing, new, and non-standard elevation data. Named OmniDEM, we propose the innovative research and development of this new system accordingly. Specifically, highly accurate and robust digital elevation matrices (DEMs) are required to generate reference maps for the Precision Terrain Aided Navigation system. Of prime importance herein are: - A capability to detect change from multiple coincident DEMs; - A capability to determine if additional imagery (e.g., tactical) or data (e.g., updated control) will improve DEM(s) created previously; - A capability to combine or "fuse" surfaces from multiple DEMs; - A method for registering and validating source data; and - Heavy emphasis on leveraging and integrating existing capabilities from GOTS and COTS packages. DEMs are critical for missile navigation. In addition, the commercial and defense mapping marketplaces are demanding solutions of this type as well, which suggests an eventual commercial solution should do well. |
| TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP.
1900 S. Sepulveda Blvd., Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90025 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(203) 268-1249
Mr. Steven Jaroszewski NAVY 03-174 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Multi-Sensor Terrain Fusion |
| Abstract: | TSC will develop rigorous mathematical techniques to combine digital terrain elevation data from diverse multi-sensor sources to automatically generate a composite Digital Elevation Map (DEM). Sensor sources to be included for Phase I algorithm development and evaluation include existing DEMs, stereo photogrammetry, LIDAR, IFSAR, and stereo SAR. Quality metrics and error models will be developed for input to advanced regridding techniques which are now being used for IFSAR ground processing. These techniques will be modified to fuse diverse sources of terrain height measurements into an optimal composite DEM. TSC will also investigate co-kriging and novel belief propagation techniques, and investigate methods to detect and remove systematic errors, including tilts, shifts and biases which plague many sensor data sources. TSC will then design a preliminary full-scale software architecture that is compatible with both Navy and commercial operations. During Phase I, TSC will utilize GFE or in-house multi-sensor terrain data including aerial photos, X/P-band IFSAR and UHF/VHF stereo SAR to demonstrate the feasibility of these techniques. In Phase II, TSC will extend the most promising techniques to process data from additional sensors, of interest to the Navy, and will develop software algorithms that can be integrated with existing Navy and NIMA DEM generation tools. |
| VEXCEL CORP.
4909 Nautilus Court Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 583-0273
Dr. Carolyn Johnston NAVY 03-174 Awarded: 25NOV03 |
| Title: | Multi-Sensor Terrain Fusion |
| Abstract: | Vexcel is proposing to develop algorithms for digital elevation model fusion that utilize sensor models, sensor characteristics, and auxiliary platform information to improve the quality of fused digital elevation models. We will utilize our existing, non-sensor-specific DEM fusion prototype as a framework in which to prototype sensor-aware fusion capabilities. Our main thrust will be to develop quality metrics based on innate properties of the DEM production method, that can be used to guide DEM fusion by serving as an indicator of the relative quality of the DEM sources at a post. Our focus of study during the Phase 1 shall be the derivation of quality information for SAR stereo and interferometric SAR. We shall also study, as time permits, the derivation of quality metrics for the newer pushbroom optical sensors, such as Ikonos and Quickbird, which have more complicated sensor models than the traditionally used frame-based airborne EO cameras. |
| ACULIGHT CORP.
11805 North Creek Parkway S., Suite 113 Bothell, WA 98011 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 482-1100
Mr. Chuck Miyake NAVY 03-175 Awarded: 05NOV03 |
| Title: | Integrated Laser Electronics |
| Abstract: | Significant cost reductions are needed in the cost of IRCM laser transmitters to improve their affordability and adoption. A COTS based laser electronics module that can be tightly integrated with a low cost mid-infrared laser will be developed and environmentally tested in the Phase I effort. In addition, capability for advanced waveform generation will be incorporated into the electronics providing capability for future system upgrades. |
| FIBERTEK, INC.
510 Herndon Parkway Herndon, VA 20170 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 471-7671
Mr. Khoa Le NAVY 03-175 Awarded: 05NOV03 |
| Title: | Integrated Laser Electronics |
| Abstract: | We will develop the next generation drive and control electronics for diode-pumped military lasers. New approaches to switching power supplies, energy storage and magnetics will enable the size and weight of drive and control electronics to be lowered while increasing the power output and efficiency over the current generation of electronics for active military EO systems. Phase I will demonstrate the operation of the new circuitry into diode-pumped laser loads. In Phase II production prototypes will be developed that take advantage of hybrid ICs to further reduce size and weight. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
6 New England Executive Park Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 284-8440
Dr. Craig Lawrence NAVY 03-176 Awarded: 04NOV03 |
| Title: | Optimized and Rapid Employment of Loitering Weapons in Response to Fires |
| Abstract: | ALPHATECH proposes to develop a tool addressing the unique planning needs of the tactical Tomahawk weapon system. Using an innovative combination of optimization techniques, this tool will generate cruise missile strike plans - missile trajectories and target coverage schedules - and generate new plans in response to in-flight retargeting needs. We will accomplish this by formulating the flight path construction problem as an approximate dynamic program, incrementally building missile trajectories. The use of a single, global optimization will produce synchronized strike plans which provide maximal target coverage - coverage which is shared across the set of missiles. This initial strike plan will include (1) missile routes, and (2) target feasibility schedules which describe (for each missile) those targets to which a missile may be diverted, and the associated timing constraints. From this plan foundation, we will develop weapon assignment algorithms that optimize the allocation of missiles to targets following a time-critical call for fire, or other retargeting event. Upon the solution of this weapon-target pairing sub-problem, we will re-optimize remaining missile trajectories to reallocate our coverage of any outstanding targets. Implementation of this methodology will provide strike planners with a robust planning and re-planning tool for the tactical Tomahawk weapon system. |
| DATA FUSION CORP.
10190 Bannock Street, Suite 246 Northglenn, CO 80260 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(720) 872-2145
Dr. Wolfgang Kober NAVY 03-176 Awarded: 06NOV03 |
| Title: | Optimized and Rapid Employment of Loitering Weapons in Response to Calls for Fire |
| Abstract: | Data Fusion Corporation (DFC) proposes the development of algorithms and an interactive software system that optimizes the planning for and near real-time employment of loitering weapons, maintains situational awareness, and supports critical user decisions. |
| NASCENT TECHNOLOGY CORP.
37 Liberty Avenue Lexington, MA 02420 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 968-4552
Dr. James D. Paduano NAVY 03-176 Awarded: 21NOV03 |
| Title: | Real Time, Neurodynamic Programming Optimization For the Planning of Multi-Missile/Multi-Target Loiter Patterns |
| Abstract: | In support of the Navy's Tactical Tomahawk efforts, a tool is to be designed which will generate optimal missile loiter plans, expediently and autonomously, for examination and utilization by field commanders and operators. The plans will incorporate any known constraints such as no-fly zones, communication coverage zones and mandatory targets as well as preferences such as minimizing time-to-targets, GPS coverage zones and loiter time. The Phase I task will employ simulation and classic Dynamic Programming (DP) to solve a simplified version of the general loiter problem, restricting the number of missiles, targets and constraints. Phase II will build directly on the approach developed and validated in Phase I, employing a Neurodynamic Programming (NDP)/Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) algorithm to allow for generalized scenarios involving multiple missiles and targets and providing a convenient and computationally realizable solution. The resulting loiter plans could be displayed on a geo-spatial map with color-coding representing good-better-best preferred loiter patterns. The field commander/user could then be provided with an interactive device that would allow for easy adjustment of these patterns for constraints that are not known in time to be accounted for during the automated process or which are not formulated in the NDP/MILP algorithm. |
| CONTINUUM DYNAMICS, INC.
34 Lexington Avenue Ewing, NJ 08618 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 538-0444
Dr. Robert M. McKillip, NAVY 03-177 Awarded: 23SEP03 |
| Title: | A Novel Visual Landing Aid Toolkit using VRML |
| Abstract: | A software toolkit is to be developed to support Visual Landing Aid (VLA) design and development on the PC platform using Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) constructs. The tools leverage considerable corporate experience at Continuum Dynamics in the application of VRML 3D modeling for a variety of engineering applications, including previous work on dynamic interface (DI) modeling and simulation. The proposed software contains features that allow for calibration of photometric characteristics on a given computer, and include the capability to interactively select aircraft approach positions for user evaluation of VLA lighting concepts. Software components are also included to allow the toolkit to support manned flight simulation trials in real-time, using Ethernet network protocols and data packet transfer. The toolkit promises to save considerable costs in evaluating VLA systems in a flight test environment, through the transfer of many evaluation exercises to the PC environment. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
951 Mariner''''s Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 931-2700
Dr. Robert Richards NAVY 03-177 Awarded: 22SEP03 |
| Title: | VLA Experimental Resource for Testing Innovative Configurations And Lightings (VERTICAL) |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop VERTICAL, (VLA Experimental Resource for Testing Innovative Configurations And Lightings), an innovative analytic test tool that can be used to support vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL)/rotorcraft ship VLA analysis and testing at the test team member's work area. This will be accomplished by utilizing our expertise and experience developing many other rotorcraft-based and landing assistance systems for the Navy, other military organizations and for commercial clients. By combining Stottler Henke's systems integration capabilities with a COTS computer-generated visual environment, a means will be provided for analysis and testing via a simulation-based virtual reality environment with the ability to adjust ship VLA components and environment lighting easily. We have already proven many aspects of this highly innovative approach through past and present aviation projects including a training system deployed at HC-3 for the MH-60S helicopter. In Phase I, we will prove the feasibility of the proposed analytic test tool to perform VLA analysis and testing. We will design the system architecture. Finally, we will absolutely demonstrate the feasibility of our ideas through the development of a Phase I, proof-of-concept prototype. |
| AGILITY COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
475 Pine Ave. Santa Barbara, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 690-1721
Dr. Christopher Coldren NAVY 03-178 Awarded: 24OCT03 |
| Title: | Built-In-Test (BIT) for Avionic Multi-Mode and Single Mode Fiber Optic Networks |
| Abstract: | Optical networks that operate in harsh environments such as those on military aircraft can benefit from networking equipment having Built-In-Test (BIT) functionality to assist in determining potential network failure points. A BIT functionality is generally not present in commercially available components. By adding a small number of high reliability low cost components in a novel manner to available or in development fiber optic transceivers, the ability to test transceiver functionality and fiber cable plant integrity can be achieved. This BIT approach is applicable to both multi-mode and single mode fiber optic networks. The following proposal will detail such an approach towards a BIT functionality and present a plan to demonstrate the technical feasibility of the approach. |
| OPTICOMP CORP.
PO Box 10779 Zephyr Cove, NV 89448 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(775) 588-4176
Mr. Peter S. Guilfoyle NAVY 03-178 Awarded: 24OCT03 |
| Title: | Built-In-Test (BIT) Fiber-Optic Transceiver Circuit |
| Abstract: | The primary goal of the proposed Phase I SBIR effort is to investigate various schemes for implementing a built-in test circuit using integrated optoelectronic modules. The circuit will be implemented using OptiComp's (OCC) advanced optoelectronic modules which monolithically integrate VCSELs, detectors, and interconnecting waveguides. Using these unique optoelectronic circuits, advanced built-in test capabilities are enabled which could significantly enhance optical networks used in military/aerospace applications. The built-in test capabilities will detect transmitter, receiver, and cable failures in the high-performance networks implemented with these modules. OCC occupies a 7,000 square foot facility which includes a full service, backend semiconductor fabrication fabrication cleanroom and optoelectronic device integration laboratory, an optoelectronic testing area, and an MBE based crystal growth facility. OCC's design center includes optoelectronic based modeling software for VCSELs and waveguide structures, as well as full EDA schematic capture and mask layout. |
| PEREGRINE SEMICONDUCTOR CORP.
6175 Nancy Ridge Drive San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 455-0660
Dr. Charlie Kuznia NAVY 03-178 Awarded: 05NOV03 |
| Title: | Built-In-Test (BIT) Components for Fiber Link Monitoring |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes integrated circuit techniques to perform built-in-test (BIT) on general fiber links (single-mode, multi-mode and at any wavelength). These circuits are packaged alongside already available transceiver component to add BIT functionality. This proposal also describes the integration of these techniques into an 850 nm VCSEL array parallel transceiver module. The overall goal of Phase I is to investigate BIT test methods, BIT circuit functions and the integration of these circuits into components suitable for avionic applications. |
| IPITEK
2330 Faraday Avenue Carlsbad, CA 92008 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 438-1010
Mr. Bob Skolnick NAVY 03-179 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Fiberoptic Component Failure Prediction System |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a sensing system to monitor continuously the health status of aircraft critical mechanical components, including the software necessary for failure diagnosis, and prognosis of the components' remaining life. In order to achieve a low cost, rugged and reliable system, fiberoptic sensors embedded on the critical components are proposed. The fiberoptic solution meets the stated requirements of small size and weight, and particularly extreme reliability because of freedom from electromagnetic interference. The sensors are passive, require no electrical power and are affixed to the exterior of the mechanical components, thus creating negligible interference to the surrounding equipment. The fiberoptic sensors monitor continuously vibration and temperature, and the collected data are then sent to a processing unit on the aircraft that does the diagnosis and the prognosis. The small size of the fibers allows penetration of the bulkhead between the engine nacelle and the cockpit without any weakening of the structure. A unique feature of the proposed fiberoptic sensing system is the elimination of costly electronic switches, scalability, adaptation to a variety of aircraft, and the ability to mesh in directly with both, current copper avionic buses, and future fiberoptic versions.. |
| LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC.
2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 961-4507
Ms. Dawn Gifford NAVY 03-179 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Fiber Optic, On-Board Generator Health Management System |
| Abstract: | Luna Innovations proposes to develop a comprehensive fiber-optic on-board generator health monitoring system for the E-2C generator. Luna will apply its extensive experience in fiber-optic sensing to design and develop state-of-the-art fiber-optic sensors and demodulation systems for measuring critical parameters that indicate common generator failures specific to the E-2C. Luna's team member, Impact Technologies, will leverage its expertise in health management design and development to create the diagnostic/prognostic software for the system. This system will fuse fiber-optic sensory inputs with supplemental data in order to analyze generator performance, identify faults, and predict future problems and remaining useful life. Together, Luna's sensing components and Impact's software and expertise will produce a comprehensive generator health management system. This system is anticipated to have significant return on investment by enabling streamlined maintenance procedures, extending generator life, reducing failures, and limiting mission aborts. |
| PRIME RESEARCH, LC
1750 Kraft Dr Ste 1000-B Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 961-2200
Dr. Russel G. May NAVY 03-179 Awarded: 25NOV03 |
| Title: | On-Board Real-Time Generator Component Failure Diagnostics |
| Abstract: | The advent of prognostic health management (PHM) philosophies in condition-based maintenance (CBM) has clear benefits in cost savings and improved readiness. Generator failures in the E2C fleet have been a continuing problem, and this component would benefit from a CBM-PHM approach to maintenance. Since real-time data is needed for PHM models, fiber optic sensors could be used to eliminate the noise associated with electrical sensors inside an electrical generator. Prime Research is working with a major US research university to develop a novel PHM system which incorporates both fiber optic sensors and neural networks to prognosticate reliability and potential failures. The novel predictive system incorporates constantly updated data from design, manufacturing, quality control, and recent operational events into a model with a neural network component that can be `trained' to adjust to current events in any particular generator, and feed that data back into a fleetwide database to immediately update the prediction system of the entire inventory. The proposed Phase I program will demonstrate the feasibility of incorporating fiber optic sensor data into a PHM system for E2C generators, drastically improving remaining life predictions. |
| LAKOTA TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
PO Box 2378 Ellicott City, MD 21041 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 725-2727
Mr. J. R. Pence NAVY 03-181 Awarded: 17OCT03 |
| Title: | Global Information Grid (GIG)-Enabling Middleware (MW) Portals |
| Abstract: | This research is focused on defining the requirements for developing a middleware portal that will enable Network Centric Warfare (NCW) applications to seamlessly access the Global Information Grid (GIG). A generic middleware portal would need services to provide the following functionality: Discovery, Management, Mediation, Messaging, Security and Storage. However, within the context of the Phase I activity, Lakota will focus on defining the requirements to enable information exchange between applications developed using different middleware products without the need to redesign entire applications. To define these requirements, Lakota will examine the services and attributes of current military and commercial middleware products, enterprise and Internet services currently in use within the commercial sector, as well as the design of various NCW applications currently deployed or in development for use aboard the E-2C aircraft. |
| PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP.
8809 Sudley Road, Suite 101 Manassas, VA 20110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 368-6107
Mr. Michael MacKay NAVY 03-181 Awarded: 22OCT03 |
| Title: | Global Information Grid (GIG)-Enabling Middleware (MW) Portals |
| Abstract: | To allow affordable technology infusion into the E-2C a GIG middleware portal is required to adapt information semantic meaning and syntactical structure across information producers and consumers. The portal must interface to both commercial and militarized middleware products. Once established, the portal will be used to rapidly increasing operational capability and Fleet deliveries into an E-2C Global Information Grid (GIG)-enabled architecture.Our approach to this problem will provide the ability for new applications to automatically identify and receive the GIG-wide data that they require, to exchange the data that they produce to the rest of the GIG, and be portable to any hardware or operating system, using an innovated application based commercial Web Services, Global Grid Forum and Semantic Web technologies, and the GIG and Joint Battlespace Infosphere (JBI) initiatives within the services. Our proposed research and development effort focuses on solving the root of the problem - exchanging information that is semantically defined different, and structurally incompatible. For the Middleware Portal to be affective, two applications must be able to exchange information about "target tracks", where one calls it a "contact" and the other a "track", where one is a Java object and the other a XML structure. |
| AMERICAN GNC CORP.
888 Easy Street Simi Valley, CA 93065 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 582-0582
Dr. Tasso Politopoulos NAVY 03-182 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Communication Link Enhanced GPS/MEMS IMU Navigation System |
| Abstract: | The objective of this SBIR Phase I project is to investigate and demonstrate the feasibility of a Communication Link Enhanced GPS/MEMS IMU Navigation System for low cost and precision guidance for military and commercial platforms, which are currently envisioned as solely relying on GPS for geopositioning. Since GPS signals are transmitted by GPS satellites operating at well-known frequencies with well-defined modulation characteristics and low signal-to-noise ratios, the possibility of enemy Electronic Counter Measures (ECM) attempting to deny reception of GPS satellite signals could be a potential problem for precision guidance. Low cost, miniaturized, reliable MEMS (MicroElectronicMechanicalSystem) inertial sensors and reduced size, weight, and cost communication link (such as Link-16) terminals offer an attractive opportunity to complement those GPS-reliant capabilities to provide full-range navigation information for precision guidance. In this Phase I, an innovative architecture, algorithms, and software to integrate the information from a communication link terminal, GPS chipset, and a MEMS IMU, are developed, analyzed, simulated, and evaluated to demonstrate and quantify the benefit of the proposed approach and algorithms. |
| NAVSYS CORP.
14960 Woodcarver Road Colorado Springs, CO 80921 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 481-4877
Dr. Alison Brown NAVY 03-182 Awarded: 03NOV03 |
| Title: | Integrated Communication Link and Global Positioning System (GPS) for Enhanced, Robust Position Information |
| Abstract: | Air platform and weapon navigation systems encounter situations where GPS signal reception is deteriorated, making the position and time information less reliable or unavailable. In the event of jamming, GPS can even be totally denied under some conditions which prohibits access to precision positioning data for navigation, guidance or targeting. Future air platforms and weapons will carry next generation communications links designed to provide sensor-to-platform-to-weapon connectivity. The objective of this effort is to develop and demonstrate the ability to augment the GPS-derived navigation solution through "Network-Assistance" from the communication link to enhance the precision and robustness of the positioning information. Under this Phase I effort we will develop a system design for a GPS Network-Assisted Positioning (GPS-NAP) software application that can be transitioned into the Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS). This will provide precise network time and TDOA observations to an integrated GPS/inertial Kalman Filter for enhanced, robust, position information. We will also investigate alternative JTRS waveforms which could be used for this purpose. Under Phase II, the GPS-NAP test-bed will be used to demonstrate the improved performance of the GPS-NAP solution using a JTRS test-bed, a SAASM GPS and an inertial navigation system to generate an integrated positioning solution. |
| EFFICIENT CHANNEL CODING
600 Safeguard Plaza, Suite 100 Brookyln Hts, OH 44131 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(216) 635-1610
Dr. Mark Dale NAVY 03-183 Awarded: 12NOV03 |
| Title: | Miniature Low-Cost Bandwidth Efficient Advanced Modulation (BEAM) Transceiver for Small Uninhabited Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) |
| Abstract: | In this Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project, Efficient Channel Coding (ECC) will validate Hi-BEAM (Highly Integrated Bandwidth Efficient Advanced Modulation), our novel, miniature, low power, and low-cost Bandwidth Efficient Advanced Modulation (BEAM) transceiver designed for integration in Small Uninhabited Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). In addition to exploiting Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) implementation methods, ECC's approach also exploits link power control. The current BEAM implementation in an ARC-210 radio uses multiple devices to enable the maximum flexibility. ECC asserts that most of the transceiver can be implemented in a custom Hi-BEAM ASIC. This level of integration has dramatic size and power consumption reductions. It is expected that Hi-BEAM ASIC will consume less than 2W of DC power. Thus, with the Hi-BEAM ASIC, the overall Hi-BEAM transceiver can be implemented in a small form factor (less than 50 in2), allowing for flexibility in mounting and integration with the small UA. ECC estimates the Hi-BEAM transceiver will use less than 25 watts of DC power while transmitting at 10 watts. The products developed under this project have a wide range of applications in UAV networks, and low-cost satellite terminals for a range of monitoring, tracking, and control applications. |
| NOVA ENGINEERING, INC.
5 Circle Freeway Drive Cincinnati, OH 45246 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(513) 642-3157
Mr. Mark Geoghegan NAVY 03-183 Awarded: 18DEC03 |
| Title: | Miniature Low-Cost Bandwidth Efficient Advanced Modulation (BEAM) Transceiver for Small Uninhabited Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) |
| Abstract: | Recent advancements in modulation and coding have produced waveforms that are not only both power and bandwidth efficient, but are also well suited for operation with small, highly efficient, non-linear power amplifiers. These new techniques can significantly improve the current throughput of standard 25 KHz UHF channels, thereby enabling a single channel to simultaneously carry digital data, imagery, and control. One attractive application for this technology is to transmit, receive, and relay digital data and imagery to and from uninhabited aerial vehicles (UAV's). The bandwidth efficient advanced modulation (BEAM) developed by Rockwell Collins, has demonstrated 100 Kbps throughput over a standard UHF 25-KHz channel. This program will be to design a miniature low-cost UHF transceiver suitable for use on a UAV that uses the BEAM waveform to efficiently transmit, receive, and relay digital data and images. |
| TESSERA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3099 Orchard Drive San Jose, CA 95134 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 952-4361
Mr. Stuart Wilson NAVY 03-183 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Miniature Low-Cost Bandwidth Efficient Advanced Modulation (BEAM) Transceiver for Small Uninhabited Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) |
| Abstract: | Tessera proposes to repackage an existing BEAM radio in a miniature, lightweight form factor. Tessera would use state of the art advanced semiconductor packaging techniques developed by Tessera. A partner with an existing radio design would be selected and advanced 3D packaging technology would be applied to reduce the size and weight to approximately 20% of the existing radio while increasing the reliability and reducing cost. Tessera has contacted a BEAM radio maker about repackaging their existing radio. While an agreement has not been signed, both companies agree in principle on the benefit of such collaboration. The advantage to the Government would be to have a known working radio reduced in size, weight and cost with minimum schedule and minimum risk. Tessera proposes to analyze the radio and partition the functional sections such that miniaturized modules can be designed for each section. The modules will be combined to form the working radio. Tessera proposes to perform the mechanical, thermal, and electrical analysis on the modules. Phase I will result in a design, analysis and report on work completed. Should the Phase I option be granted, the additional funding would be used to complete the detailed design of integrated passive components. |
| ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC.
P.O. Box 442 Stuart, FL 34995 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(772) 283-0253
Mr. John Justak NAVY 03-184 Awarded: 08OCT03 |
| Title: | Solid-state, Lightweight, Active-balance-system, Powered-by-light, (SLAP) |
| Abstract: | Advanced Technologies Group, Inc. proposes a Solid-state, Lightweight, Active-balance-system, Powered-by-light, (SLAP). The SLAP balancer will reduce or eliminate drive shaft vibrations caused by rotational dynamics of the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) lift fan drive shaft. Reduced shaft vibration will prevent drive shaft maintenance and improve support bearing life while reducing lift fan clutch wear. The innovative SLAP will not produce Electromagnetic interference, has low power consumption and is capable of millisecond response time. During phase I of this effort, Advanced Technologies Group, (ATG) will demonstrate the concept feasibility by performing bench-top rotational dynamics testing. Several applications have been identified for the new technology including commercial aircraft utilizing variable pitch propellers. |
| FOSTER-MILLER TECHNOLOGIES DIVOF FOSTER-MILLER INC
431 New Karner Road Albany, NY 12205 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 456-9919
Dr. Hsiang M. Chen NAVY 03-184 Awarded: 22OCT03 |
| Title: | Active Balancing for Lift Fan Drive Shaft |
| Abstract: | The F-35 VSTOL configuration includes a lift fan driven by a long, slender hollow shaft that operates at high speeds. The shaft spins whenever the aircraft's engine runs, and transmits considerable horsepower when the lift fan is activated. In addition to being a key element in the aircraft's drive train, shaft maintenance will require engine removal. A device that observes and automatically adjusts imbalance in this shaft to eliminate its vibration would result in significant O&M savings. To address this need, an on-the-fly, self-adjusting balancing device is proposed that utilizes measured vibration to position shaft-mounted balancing disks to minimize shaft imbalance. This active balancing system will reduce or eliminate drive shaft vibrations caused by rotational dynamics to preclude undue maintenance of shaft system components. Based on influence coefficient (IC) methods, feasibility of the rotating balance disk concept will be demonstrated in Phase I by experiment. A system will be designed to perform multiplane balancing on a spinning shaft by properly positioning shaft-mounted adjustable weights. A test rig will be built to demonstrate the system in a single balance plane, and initial on-board mechanical and electronic hardware capable of withstanding the centrifugal loads without contributing to imbalance will be implemented. Performance of a single-plane balance on the test rig will demonstrate feasibility of the proposed approach. |
| IMLACH CONSULTING ENGINEERING
2142 Tributary Circle Anchorage, AK 99516 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(907) 337-8954
Dr. Joe Imlach NAVY 03-184 Awarded: 24OCT03 |
| Title: | Active Balancing for Lift Fan Drive Shaft |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR Project will develop an Advanced Unbalance Control (AUC) system based on active magnetic bearing (AMB) technology and advanced feedforward control algorithms. The AUC system will offer at least an order of magnitude increase in both response speed and unbalance response reduction as compared to the best available mechanical unbalance cancellation methods. This will be accomplished by developing several key technologies: 1) high specific force AMB actuators; 2) advanced feed-forward controllers; and 3) an optimization procedure to ensure maximum effectiveness of the system in this and other applications. The AUC system will include both the method and hardware for reducing/eliminating unbalance response in many applications. This will be accomplished by using AMB technology in parallel with the current support bearings on the transmission shaft. The AMB will be utilized only as an actuator to apply rotating forces to the shaft for active unbalance force cancellation. The current configuration of support bearings remains the same. A complete test rig design, including design and analysis of the new actuators, and rotordynamics analysis, will be completed in Phase I. The Phase I Option will involve construction and testing of a laboratory scaled version of the F-35 lift fan drive shaft. |
| METSS CORP.
300 Westdale Avenue Westerville, OH 43082 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(614) 797-2200
Dr. Richard S. Sapienza NAVY 03-185 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High-Temperature Lubricant |
| Abstract: | The Short Take-Off Vertical Landing (STOVL) version of Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) employs a unique propulsion system utilizing a three bearing swivel duct (3BSD) to direct the thrust of the engine exhaust. The 3BSD operates at high temperatures and incorporates large moving parts. The life cycle of the 3BSD depends directly upon the reliability of the lubricant used in the mechanical components. This lubricant will greatly affect how well the 3BSD will be able to perform during operation. The 3BSD requires a lubricant that can endure extreme temperatures and remain chemically stable with no performance degradation for the life of the three-bearing swivel duct, approximately 4,000 hours. The lubricant must also allow easy movement of the 3BSD throughout its full temperature operating range of roughly -40øF to +625øF. Current lubricants being considered for use in the 3BSD mechanical components can not maintain viscosity throughout the entire range of operation. Under the proposed SBIR program, METSS will develop an advanced lubricant capable of maintaining its properties throughout the wide range of operating temperatures through which the 3BSD is required to operate, thus lengthening the life of the 3BSD and its mechanical components significantly. To meet the performance requirements, METSS will focus on combining thermo-oxidatively stable lubricant basestocks, high temperature thickeners, solid lubricants and other necessary additives to develop a suitable formulation. This proposal clearly defines the tiered testing approach needed to identify the best candidates for subsequent testing and optimization in a subsequent Phase II effort. |
| NANOTEX CORP.
9402 Alberene Dr. Houston, TX 77074 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(713) 777-6266
Dr. L. P. Chibante NAVY 03-185 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High-Temperature Lubricant |
| Abstract: Abstract not available... | |
| POWDERMET, INC.
24112 Rockwell drive Euclid, OH 44117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 255-3331
Mr. Stan Hemstad NAVY 03-185 Selected for Award |
| Title: | "Development of a 4000 Hour Bearing for the F-35B Three Bearing Swivel Duct" |
| Abstract: | This proposal by Powdermet is offered in tandem with a separate proposal by a Wedeven Associates, Powdermet and DuPont Team targeted at developing a lubricated bearing system, incorporating improvements in the friction and wear material as well as the grease. The Tandem Wedeven primed proposal will evaluate improvements to the system including grease improvements, modifications to the surface of the bearing ball and race surfaces and with substitutions in the bearing and race materials. This Phase I SBIR proposal is focused on developing corrosion resistant nickel based thermal spray hardfacing of the bearing ball and race materials, including developing Powdermet nickel coated hardfacing powders, and a High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) thermal spray process for depositing the coatings. The anticipated results of this program will be demonstrating improved wear life of the lubricated bearing system using a corrosion resistant nickel/titanium nitride or nickel/silicon nitride thermal spray material that has demonstrated very low wear and friction in other high temperature lubricated / lubrication loss applications being evaluated. The proposal also offers modification to the system including chrome addition to the nickel matrix for increased hardness and corrosion resistance, and solid lubricants to extend life especially the wear after grease lubricant loss. |
| HYPER-THERM HIGH-TEMPERATURE COMPOSITES, INC.
18411 Gothard Street, Unit B Huntington Beach, CA 92648 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 375-4085
Dr. Robert J. Shinavski NAVY 03-186 Awarded: 18NOV03 |
| Title: | Ceramic Composite Lift Fan Clutch Plates with Improved Tribological Behavior |
| Abstract: | The STOVL version of the Joint Strike Fighter utilizes a clutch to engage the lift fan. The clutch plates must dissipate large amounts of frictional energy introduced at a very high rate during engagement. Current carbon/carbon clutch plate materials do not possess the desired range of static and dynamic friction coefficients, and require more frequent servicing than other lift fan clutch components. The utilization of a ceramic-carbon hybrid matrix, where the ceramic is selected for improved heat capacity and reduced wear and the carbon constituent is optimized for thermal conductivity utilizes the strengths of all of the constituent materials. The hybrid ceramic-carbon matrix composite is anticipated to have a higher heat capacity, higher thermal conductivity, and result in a lower wear rate and more stable friction coefficient as compared to current materials. Both silicon carbide and boron carbide hybrid matrix composites will be fabricated and their mechanical, thermal, and high energy tribological behavior will be evaluated with respect to the requirements of the JSF lift fan clutch. |
| REFRACTORY COMPOSITES, INC.
107 N. Langley Rd. Glen Burnie, MD 21060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 768-2490
Mr. Edward L. Paquette NAVY 03-186 Awarded: 21NOV03 |
| Title: | Lift Fan Clutch Plate Material |
| Abstract: | RCI has already developed developed friction materials that exhibit superior wear properties relative to the baseline JSF C/C clutch. Further improvements in wear, coefficient of friction and related properties are proposed. An advanced CMC clutch has the potential of reducing wear by 50% or greater relative to the baseline C/C clutch. Improved JSF clutch materials have the potential to save the fleet over $70M on a net present value basis as well as improve JSF reliability and vehicle availability during intense combat operations. |
| STARFIRE SYSTEMS, INC.
10 Hermes Road Malta, NY 12020 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 899-9336
Mr. Peter Ellenwood NAVY 03-186 Awarded: 14NOV03 |
| Title: | Durable, Low-Cost, SiC-Based Ceramic Matrix Composite Lift Fan Clutch Plate |
| Abstract: | Starfire Systems, a developer and supplier of silicon carbide (SiC) pre-ceramic polymer technology, and Goodrich Corporation, a recognized leader in the development and manufacture of friction materials and ceramic composites, will leverage the results of recent ceramic matrix composite (CMC) friction material development programs to support the development of a low cost SiC based CMC friction material for the JSF lift fan clutch plate. The program goal is to develop an SiC clutch plate capable of 4500 engagements (3X improvement) in the JSF lift fan application. The team will leverage experience from aircraft (CCAB) and auto racing programs (Formula 1) to select a minimum of three candidate SiC CMC friction couples for feasibility testing on a screening dynamometer for direct comparison to a carbon-carbon baseline. A base set of CMC friction formulas including modified carbon-carbon, fabric and felt preforms will be evaluated. The SiC matrix will be tailored to achieve maximum durability through variations in processing conditions and the addition of stabilizing elements such as zirconium. To support broader commercialization by accelerating the prototyping process, the team will review historical CMC friction data to create a methodology for rapidly selecting friction material formulas for any generic friction application. |
| CASCADE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
812 Esplanada Way Stanford, CA 94305 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 224-4882
Dr. Parviz Moin NAVY 03-187 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Fuel-to-Air Ratio (FAR) Development Tool |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to develop a simulation tool capable of accurate predictions of the complex mixing process in gas turbine engine combustors, applicable to complex geometry, multi-physics problems, and combustion in lean and high FAR regions. Because of the importance of the mixing process, the simulation tool will be based on the large-eddy simulation technique. The code will be based on our unstructured LES code CDP, which is a highly specialized and optimized for LES and uses appropriate LES filters and numerical methods. A state-of-the-art combustion model using detailed chemical kinetics for JP-8 fuel will be developed and employed to describe turbulence/chemistry interactions. It is also proposed here to use the simulation tool to gain a better understanding of the interaction of combustion and the mixing process and to enable better control of the burnout of high FAR regions. |
| CFD RESEARCH CORP.
215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 726-4800
Dr. David L. Black NAVY 03-187 Awarded: 08OCT03 |
| Title: | Advanced CFD Software for Improving Durability of Turbine Inlet Guide Vanes |
| Abstract: | In high F/A military gas turbine combustors such as JSF, localized pockets of carbon monoxide (and perhaps hydrogen) can exit the combustor, causing severe cooling challenges for designers of turbine inlet guide vanes. Instead of cooling the vane, cooling air can actually interact with the hotpath flow to release heat near the vane surface, resulting in catastrophic damage. In this SBIR, we propose to develop innovative 3D CFD software that accurately predicts the effects of heat release and heat transfer into the vane. Current CFD codes are not capable of such analysis. Our software will utilize combustion Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) methods. In Phase I, the overall feasibility of this approach will be demonstrated. Initial work will focus on implementing/validating near wall turbulence models that accurately predict boundary layers in LES calculations without fully resolving the boundary layer. We will then analyze flow past a single vane that mimics the physics seen in the actual JSF application. Our selected subcontractor, University of Cincinnati, will provide test data from a cooled generic vane under fuel-rich conditions. CFD predictions will be compared to measurements of surface temperature and heat flux at the vane surface to assess the analysis capability. In Phase II, model improvements identified in Phase I will be implemented and validated, followed by analysis of JSF vanes and potential design improvements. |
| PHOENIX SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
27 Industrial Avenue Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 367-0232
Dr. Raymond B. Schaefer NAVY 03-188 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative High-Energy Denisty Capacitors for Navy Application |
| Abstract: | This proposal is to develop very high energy density capacitors in order to increase the sound source level of sparker modules, in support of the Tactical Acoustic Measurement (TAM) program. The two materials, polyvinyledene difluoride (PVDF) polymer film and antiferroelectric lanthanum doped lead zirconate titanate (Pb(La,Zr,)TiO3, or PLZT) ceramic, have the potential to increase the energy density by up to a factor of four higher than current high energy density capacitors. In Phase I, we will demonstrate the capability of each capacitor type by measuring their electrical circuit properties and testing their performance in a sparker system. In collaboration with capacitor manufacturers, we will estimate production costs for each capacitor type. Based on test results and cost estimates, we will recommend further capacitor development and incoration into TAM sparkers in Phase II. |
| BINGHAMTON SIMULATOR CO., INC.
151 COURT STREET BINGHAMTON, NY 13901 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(607) 722-6177
Mr. Mark Peterson NAVY 03-190 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Helicopter Operations Aircrew/Crew Chief Trainer |
| Abstract: | Helicopter crew chiefs primarily receive advanced skills training during in-flight training missions. This training methodology is expensive and potentially dangerous. A simulator designed, developed, and produced based on derived skill-based requirements employing innovative virtual technology with tactile interactions would be an excellent training tool. The question remains: Can such a simulator that enables maximum flexibility for varied task training be affordably produced? Helicopter crew chiefs throughout the military perform varied but similar tasks. These tasks principally consist of door gunner engagements, search and rescue (SAR), vertical replenishment (VERTREP), interactions with flight and ground/sea crews, hover control, swimmer deployment/recovery, hoist operations, night searches, mine/Doppler operations, and emergency procedures. The proposed SBIR study will analyze the tasks of the H-60 crew chief, develop training requirements based on those tasks, and present trade-off analysis of technologies that meet those training requirements in a simulator environment. At the completion of Phase I, Binghamton Simulator Company will provide recommendations on the feasibility of developing affordable and effective crew chief training in a simulation environment. |
| PATHFINDER SYSTEMS, INC.
200 Union Blvd., Suite 300 Lakewood, CO 80228 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 763-8660
Mr. Ivan Jaszlics NAVY 03-190 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Helicopter Operations Aircrew/Crew Chief Trainer |
| Abstract: | An innovative combination of low-cost desktop simulator technology, display and motion platform technology provides a training simulator for aircrew and crew chiefs for the MH-60S Multi-Mission Helicopter. The approach proposed is extensible and modular, and is modifiable for other rotorcraft aircrews and crew chiefs with similar mission requirements. The system provides training for all crewmen in various operations, including door gunner target engagement, SAR operations including swimmer deployment and recovery, hoist operations and malfunctions, night search aided and unaided, mine and Doppler operations, as well as aircraft emergencies such as fires and hydraulic leaks. It provides interactions with pilots with computer-generated flight crew audio communications, and a computer-generated visual environment compatible with out-of-door views of the various operations. |
| SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
13766 S. Hawthorne Blvd. Hawthorne, CA 90250 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 679-2281
Mr. Edward Bachelder NAVY 03-190 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Helicopter Operations Aircrew/Crew Chief Trainer |
| Abstract: | The effectiveness and safety of complex, multi-role helicopter platforms such as the Pave Hawk and Seahawk require that the cabin crew interact seamlessly with the flight crew and a dynamic external environment. Due to physical constraints and fidelity limitations, however, current simulation designs fail to accommodate a wide range of training. The proposal herein introduces a novel and elegant approach to this challenge by employing three proven technologies - live video capture, real-time video editing (blue screen imaging), and virtual environment simulation - thus offering a quantum jump in training realism and capability. Video from the trainee's perspective is sent to a processor that preserves near-space (cabin environment) pixels and makes transparent the far-space (out-the-cabin) pixels using blue screen imaging techniques. This bitmap is overlaid on a virtual environment, and sent to the trainee's helmet mounted display. Thus the user directly views the physical cabin environment, while the simulated outside world serves as a backdrop. Using this technique, a litter that is physically pushed out and lowered from the cabin can be replaced by a virtual surrogate, which proceeds to be lowered into the simulated environment. A motion platform, cabin mock-up, and a speech analyzer comprise the remainder of the trainer. |
| CAPE COD RESEARCH, INC.
19 Research Road East Falmouth, MA 02536 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 540-4400
Mr. Francis L. Keohan NAVY 03-193 Awarded: 12NOV03 |
| Title: | VOC-Free, Waterborne Flexible Primers for Aircraft Maintenance |
| Abstract: | A VOC-free, non-chromated flexible primer is proposed for protecting highly flexed aluminum aircraft components in the corrosive marine environment. Aqueous dispersions of elastomeric resins stabilized with novel modifiers and pigmented with non-toxic anticorrosive agents will be used to formulate primers with excellent adhesion to aircraft structures, low temperature flexibility and exceptional corrosion inhibition. The proposed research seeks to further develop and refine a novel coating binder technology developed in our laboratory for a VOC-free, non-chromate flexible primer system that meets the current TT-P-2760 specification. The proposed anticorrosion formulations, although waterborne, will readily form low permeability films and adhere strongly without the need for pre-coat priming. The new flexible primers will be designed to allow application with conventional paint spraying equipment. The development of new multi-function polymeric additives should significantly improve the formulation stability and reduce water sensitivity of the resulting primer coatings. The VOC-free coatings will be tested against conventional solventborne flexible primers for adhesion and corrosion inhibition in accordance with TT-P-2760. The ability to form adherent, highly flexible and durable barrier coatings over non-ferrous metals without the need for volatile organic solvent dilution would represent a significant advancement in corrosion engineering and aerospace maintenance technology. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4114
Dr. Robert Kovar NAVY 03-193 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of a Novel Flexible VOC-Free Chromate-Free Primer for Navy Aircraft |
| Abstract: | The military currently uses a flexible primer (TT-P-2760) as part of their coating system for many types of aircraft. This primer prevents film cracking and subsequent corrosion, especially at high flexing components and fastener patterns. However, it contains organic solvents (VOCs) and chromate corrosion inhibitors that are now restricted for environmental reasons. Consequently, the Navy is seeking a replacement primer that meets or exceeds the existing primer specifications, but that does not contain chromium or organic solvents. The novel coating system proposed here is comprised primarily of three low-cost, commercially available ingredients selected to provide low-temperature flexibility, excellent substrate and topcoat bonding, and the required mechanical strength. The formulation also includes corrosion inhibitors and minor functional additives. Chromate inhibitors will be replaced by a package of inorganic and organic inhibitors that demonstrate comparable corrosion inhibition of Al 2024-T3 and Al 7075-T6. Inhibitor leaching will be enabled by elevated pH conditions to provide "inhibition-on-demand." In Phase I, primer formulations that exhibit the necessary flexural and corrosion resistant properties will be developed and characterized for flexibility, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties. Phase II will involve refinement of the primer formulation to meet all relevant Military Specifications, and field-testing. (P-030580) |
| TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC.
9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 263-2101
Mr. John B. Thornton NAVY 03-193 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Non-Chromated Flexible Aircraft Primer Containing Zero Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) |
| Abstract: | A 100% solids, corrosion-inhibiting, flexible, and sprayable primer that is free of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is proposed that will replace the current chromated primers currently in use by the Navy. This unique system differs from others on the market in that it does not require the addition of corrosion inhibitors to perform its task. The resin system itself is inherently corrosion-inhibiting, and onsite corrosion studies at Texas Research Institute Austin have shown excellent results in using these primers on steel and aluminum in a salt-fog chamber. The manufacturer of the base component has logged over 2000 hours of corrosion-free exposure on aluminum panels in a salt fog chamber. This new primer will be tested against federal specification TT-P-2760A to ensure that it meets the performance requirements of the Navy. TRI/Austin will be teaming with the manufacturer of the primer's base component as well as a respected marine coating manufacturer for marketplace transition. A new corrosion-inhibiting primer will have utility outside of naval applications in commercial marine and automobile applications. |
| INTEVAC, INC.
Photonics Technology Division, 3560 Bassett Street Santa Clara, CA 95054 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 496-2863
Dr. Gary Davis NAVY 03-194 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High-Bandwidth Photodetector for Missile Applications |
| Abstract: | This program will develop a self-contained large optical active area high-gain sensor appropriate for LADAR and range finding applications. Intevac's existing technology for IPD sensors meets the performance requirements for such applications. The proposed sensor optimizes packaging by integrating the high-voltage power supply and output amplification stages into a single compact and rugged sensor unit targeted for 532nm wavelength applications. Program tasks include (i) redesign of the sensor tube component to reduce its size while providing an 8mm diameter optical active area; (ii) integration of an appropriate high-voltage bias supply so that only 24VDC power is required to operate the sensor; and (iii) integration of an appropriate amplification circuit to provide a properly conditioned high-gain low-noise sensor output. |
| LIGHTSPIN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
P.O. Box 30198 Bethesda, MD 20824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 809-9052
Dr. Eric S. Harmon NAVY 03-194 Selected for Award |
| Title: | 8 mm Diameter Solid State Photodetector at 532 nm |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a high performance, solid state photodetector with 8 mm diameter. It will use a novel solid state microchannel plate incorporating a proprietary avalanche gain structure. In Phase I, the design concept will be validated experimentally to prove feasibility and scalability. The Phase II activity will build, demonstrate and deliver the photodetector and transimpedance amplifier in a module occupying less than 1 cubic inch. The module at 0 degrees C will simultaneously achieve single-photon sensitivity at 532 nm, 10 bits of dynamic range, GHz bandwidth & pulse-pair resolution, 100% (ungated) duty cycle, and less than fW/Hz^1/2 noise-equivalent power at 40 dB of detector current gain. A typical TIA provides another 20 to 40 dB of current gain at 5 pA/Hz^1/2 (0.5 fA/Hz^1/2 equivalent input noise). The system NEP at 74 degrees C, operating uncooled, is projected to be below 1 fW/Hz^1/2. The proposed solid state detector technology is low voltage, rugged, and cannot be blinded. |
| IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
125 Tech Park Drive Rochester, NY 14623 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 861-6273
Mr. Carl S. Byington NAVY 03-195 Awarded: 20NOV03 |
| Title: | Prognostic Health Assessment System for Aircraft Engine Nozzles |
| Abstract: | Impact Technologies, in collaboration with Luna Innovations, proposes to develop and demonstrate a prognostic health assessment system for aircraft engine nozzles and their associated actuation components. Modern aircraft deployed in limited runway situations have specific requirements for Short Takeoff and Vertical Landing capability. The Joint Strike Fighter has an adjustable three-bearing swiveled nozzle at the back end of the engine to generate downward thrust and increasingly forward thrust in flight. The development includes the necessary sensing, incipient fault detection algorithms, fault classification techniques, and advanced prognostic, useful life remaining algorithms. Luna will provide the necessary high-temperature, robust sensing and some signal processing components, and Impact will apply feature-based diagnostics, suitable wear and fatigue failure mode progression algorithms, and advanced knowledge fusion within the nozzle actuation health assessment system. Moreover, Impact will implement its proven probabilistic fusion process to update useful remaining life predictions from the failure progression model with observable diagnostic indicators and material inspections. A verification plan with consideration to the JSF engine and nozzle actuation development and testing programs at Pratt & Whitney and Smiths will also be developed during this effort. |
| QUALTECH SYSTEMS, INC.
100 Great Meadow Rd., Suite 501 Wethersfield, CT 06109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 257-8013
Dr. Somnath Deb NAVY 03-195 Awarded: 18DEC03 |
| Title: | Diagnostic and Health Monitoring Techniques for Engine Nozzle Actuation Hardware |
| Abstract: | The proposed effort emphasizes a systematic process for adding diagnostic and prognostic coverage for monitoring the health of the JSF short takeoff/vertical landing (STOVL) engine exhaust nozzle hardware with the goal of improving reliability and aircraft availability. The process involves the identification of the most significant failures, trading off different prognostic techniques to achieve a cost-effective balance between the cost versus benefit gained, and then developing new sensors and tests and evaluating them in simulation, test stand, and actual flight conditions. The end product of this effort is not just a collection of new tests for early detection of failures in a few degraded components; it is a complete diagnostic and prognostic solution utilizing the sensors and capabilities that already exist to the greatest extent, while identifying new capabilities that can easily be embedded or provided in ground support equipment, to achieve maximum mission reliability within a reasonable cost. On this effort, Qualtech Systems, Inc. will collaborate with HR Textron for design and test data for actuators, for simulation and test-stand facilities, and for commercialization efforts in Phase III. Consultation and cooperation with Pratt & Whitney are also anticipated, particularly in Phases II and III. |
| COMPUTER OPTICS, INC.
120 Derry Road, P.O.Box 7 Hudson, NH 03051 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 889-2116
Dr. Jonathan S. Kane NAVY 03-198 Awarded: 07NOV03 |
| Title: | Dual-Band Electro-Optic (EO)/Infrared (IR) Multifunctional Pod Windows |
| Abstract: | Increasingly missions are turning to EO/IR operation requiring windows with large spectral bandpass. This large bandpass coupled with the size of the required window substrates has necessarily limited the choice of materials. Calcium Flouride is generally chosen, however it has the undesirable property that it tends to scratch quite easily. In this proposal we will discuss a proprietary method of manufacturing large POD windows made from Sapphire Substrates which are much harder while simultaneously offering equivalent or better optical performance. The result of the research discussed here will be the routine production of far superior windows leading to much longer field lifetimes and lower program cost. |
| QED TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1040 University Ave. Rochester, NY 14607 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(585) 256-6540
Mr. James T. Mooney NAVY 03-198 Awarded: 07NOV03 |
| Title: | Dual-Band Electro-Optic (EO)/Infrared (IR) Multifunctional Pod Windows |
| Abstract: | Aluminum Oxide (sapphire) windows are a critical element Electro Optical (EO) and infrared (IR) imaging systems. As the demand for an increase in the performance of these optical systems rises, so must the quality of the sapphire windows. One of the most technically challenging aspects of producing high quality sapphire optics is achieving the required surface figure while maintaining a stress free optical surface with good surface finish (or micro-roughness). The desired surface figure error is now < 0.03 waves rms as tested at 632.8 nm for a 22" diagonal sapphire window. Even with extremely skilled opticians, the conventional fabrication process to achieve this surface figure on sapphire optics while maintaining tight wedge specifications and high surface quality can be very slow and costly with the quality of the results being unpredictable. The purpose of the research proposed here is to develop a complete fabrication process (from blank to final shape) that will produce high quality sapphire windows by incorporating magnetorheological finishing (MRF) as the final step of the process. The research will show that by combining the MRF process with the proper CNC grinding and pre-polishing processes, low-cost, high-quality sapphire windows can be deterministically fabricated to repeatedly meet the desired specifications. Phase I of the research will include demonstrating the ability of the deterministic MRF process to meet and exceed the surface figure requirement of 0.03 waves rms. Furthermore, MRF may be used to optimize transmitted wavefront of the window, thereby correcting for both surface and substrate errors. The surface quality (micro-roughness and subsurface damage) from different grinding and pre-polishing processes performed by Saint Gobain Abrasives will also be evaluated after final finishing with MRF. Phase II will optimize and scale the fabrication process to produce a 22" diagonal sapphire window to meet the desired specifications. |
| TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT & TRANSFER, INC.
133 Defense Highway, Suite 212 Annapolis, MD 21401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 261-8373
Dr. Mark Patterson NAVY 03-198 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Low-Cost, Multi-Spectral Windows For Tactical Reconnaissance |
| Abstract: | boron nitride, clutch plates, C/C, composite, joint strike fighter, STOVL, lift fan, COF |
| APPLIED EM, INC.
24 Research Drive Hampton, VA 23666 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 224-2035
Dr. C. J. Reddy NAVY 03-201 Awarded: 24OCT03 |
| Title: | An Integrated Antenna Set for Software Radios |
| Abstract: | Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) is a software radio capable of tuning from 2MHz to 2000MHz. A wideband antenna or a set of antennas are needed to support operation across the entire frequency spectrum of JTRS. To meet this need, Applied EM is proposing an innovative conformal design, which addresses the issues of ultra wide bandwidth, and conformality. The proposed design employs a novel material design to increase the bandwidth of conformal antennas. A set of two antennas, one for the HF band (2-20MHz) and the other for the VHF/UHF bands and above (20-2000MHz) is proposed. For this adaptation, traditional broadband antennas will be optimized using emerging materials and scaling for a design which satisfies the required size restrictions and satisfies gain, pattern, and return loss requirements. Under the proposed effort, we will develop engineering prototype antennas and validate the design through measurements. Development of these ultra wideband antenna designs will provide for robust antenna systems capable of providing interface not only to JTRS, but also to a wide variety of broadband communication equipment. |
| HALEAKALA RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, INC.
7 Martin Road Brookfield, MA 01506 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 867-3918
Dr. Ted Anderson NAVY 03-201 Awarded: 24OCT03 |
| Title: | Reconfigurable Nested Plasma Antennas and Reconfigurable Stacked Plasma Antenna Arrays as Wideband Apertures and Uses in the JTRS |
| Abstract: | In this Phase I SBIR project for the US Navy integrated antenna set for software radios, Haleakala Research and Development, Inc., proposes to analyze, perform experiments on, and build prototypes of a set of wideband apertures that covers 2 to 2000 MHz such that these airworthy apertures can be used in conjunction with the JTRS with applicability. This problem is worth working on because current airborne and ground vehicular antennas do not provide adequate gain to the links provided by the JTRS. Plasma (ionized gas) conducts current like a metal and one can create an antenna from plasma. The advantage of the plasma is that it can be created on demand and one plasma antenna can be reconfigured in time or space to a variety of beam widths, bandwidths, directivities, and radiation patterns. Furthermore plasma antennas and plasma arrays can transmit through one another whereas metal antennas cannot. We will meet the technical challenge by theoretically predicting and experimentally building wideband plasma antennas In Phase II, Haleakala will implement the complete design package produced in Phase I. Our goal in Phase III is develop to provide a flexible single or multi-beam forming plasma antenna for both military and civilian use. |
| PHARAD LLC
413 Grinstead Road Severna Park, MD 21146 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(443) 562-5253
Dr. Rod Waterhouse NAVY 03-201 Awarded: 24OCT03 |
| Title: | An Integrated Ultra-Wideband Antenna for Software Radios |
| Abstract: | Pharad proposes the design of low profile, conformal, efficient, ultra-wideband antenna platforms that can operate over the entire 2 MHz to 2 GHz frequency band. Such an antenna will be an integral part of the Joint Tactical Radio System. Our innovative approach to achieving such a large operating bandwidth encompasses two key aspects: (i) the implementation of a series of wideband printed diplexers that split this multi-decade bandwidth into more manageable frequency blocks and (ii) our selection of optimal radiating elements, namely Aperture Stacked Patches (ASPs) for frequencies greater than 250 MHz and for the lower frequency range, the use of either existing low frequency aircraft antennas or our proposed novel printed multi-layered spiral antenna. Our proposed ultra-wideband antenna incorporates all the salient attributes of printed circuit technology (low profile, lightweight and low cost). Another feature of our antenna platform is the relative ease with which it can be upgraded to operate at frequencies well beyond 2 GHz, as a result of the low component count. Since our ultra-wideband antenna system is based upon printed circuit technology, we will also conduct material, thermal, vibration, and reliability analyses to ensure it can tolerate the strenuous environmental conditions encountered on an aircraft. |
| KLEIN ASSOC., INC.
1750 Commerce Center Blvd. North Fairborn, OH 45324 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 873-8166
Dr. Gary Klein NAVY 03-202 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Sensemaking in the Battlespace: An Innovative Human-System Paradigm for Combat Systems |
| Abstract: | The Navy is taking revolutionary actions to redesign itself to take advantage of developments in information technology, such as automated systems. This project will explore the feasibility of developing a tool for enhancing operators' situation assessment in an environment characterized by increased use of automation and reduced manning. Our Phase I effort will provide the functional architecture and initial proof of concept for the design of a management tool that is based on the requirements for a human-machine team player paradigm and the methodology for enhancing operators' situation assessment. Utilizing the Data/Frame model of sensemaking, Klein Associates will design a methodology that formalizes the process by which operators make sense of situations and how they develop situation awareness over time in an SMC environment. Once we have achieved those objectives, we will be ready to iteratively design, develop, and test an interface prototype using our decision-centered design strategy. The outcomes of this project will serve as an exemplar of how to design combat systems on future Navy ships. |
| BLUE ROAD RESEARCH
Clear Creek Business Park, 376 NE 219th Ave Gresham, OR 97030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(503) 667-7772
Mr. Eric Udd NAVY 03-214 Awarded: 07NOV03 |
| Title: | Multi-Axis Fiber Optic Strain Sensor and High-Speed Multiplexing System. |
| Abstract: | Multi-axis fiber grating strain sensors have the ability to measure three dimensional strain and may be wavelength division multiplexed. This proposal describes means to multiplex a 6 by 8 array of multi-axis fiber grating strain sensors using a high speed tunable system that allows measurements of shock and vibration to be made to support health monitoring of missiles. The passive dielectric nature of this system avoids electrical hazards that could cause inadvertant ignition of propellant or explosives. |
| SYSTEMS PLANNING & ANALYSIS, INC.
2000 N. Beauregard St, Suite 400 Alexandria, VA 22311 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 474-1310
Dr. Jason S. Kiddy NAVY 03-214 Awarded: 14NOV03 |
| Title: | Multi-Axis Fiber Optic Strain Sensor and High-Speed Multiplexing System. |
| Abstract: | SPA proposes to develop a real-time vertical launch system environmental monitoring system (VLS-EMS). This open-architecture system will accommodate 48 fiber-Bragg-grating-based tri-axial accelerometers (8 optical channels with 6 accelerometers per channel) to monitor shock and vibration on VLS canisters at speeds of at least 5 kHz. The VLS-EMS also has the ability to expand to include additional sensors, including temperature and humidity sensors, to make it a more comprehensive monitoring system. The Phase I effort involves upgrading our current patented High Speed - Fiber Optic Interrogation System (HS-FOIS). The HS-FOIS already comprises of 8 optical channels that are capable of monitoring 20 sensors each at speeds up to 2 kHz. To increase the speed of the system to 5 kHz per channel, a new CMOS camera will be purchased, the data protocol will be changed from frame grabber to Firewire 800, and a 64-bit data bus will be procured. The other main objective of the Phase I effort involves developing a tri-axial accelerometer from our existing single axial accelerometer design. SPA will manufacture and test several prototype tri-axial accelerometers. The ultimate goal of the Phase I effort is to demonstrate the tri-axial accelerometer design on the newly upgraded, faster HS-FOIS. |
| RADIX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
329 North Bernardo Avenue Mountain View, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 988-4723
Dr. Steve Bruzzone NAVY 03-215 Awarded: 17NOV03 |
| Title: | Wideband Digital Beamforming and Direction Finding |
| Abstract: | Recent advances in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA's) and Digital Signal Processing (DSP) devices are providing a means for the development and fielding of wideband digital receiver suites for Electronic Support (ES). Digital processing of these signals can result in significant improvements in parameter measurements such as Direction of Arrival (DOA), frequency measurement, time of arrival and signal amplitude as well as improved envelope and modulation estimation. Use of advanced digital processing also allows for the implementation of modern interference cancellation algorithms to allow processing of today's high density signal environments containing many overlapping signals. The proposed research will study the feasibility and effectiveness of a novel wideband interference cancellation technique for separating overlapped signals. The technique is based on an extension of existing IFM techniques. It makes use of a series of co-variance matrices from which a set of eigenvectors can be found. These eigenvectors are used for signal detection, time up, frequency and angle of arrival measurements. These parameters are then used as components of typical pulse descriptor words that can be fed into existing pulse separation and association processors for further downstream processing. Use of FPGA and high speed DSP chips allows these algorithms to be implemented in real time and in a fieldable form factor and in fact, can be readily inserted into existing systems. |
| TECHNOVATIVE APPLICATIONS
3160 - A Enterprise Street Brea, CA 92821 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 996-0104
Mr. Don Charlton NAVY 03-217 Awarded: 07NOV03 |
| Title: | Conformal X-Bank Seeker for Semiactivee Guided Projectile |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I proposal is for the development of a conformal X-band antenna for an interferometric semi-active seeker for a 5 inch projectile. A seeker design based on interferometry is proposed because conventional seekers are difficult to implement on projectiles where high g forces at launch and body shape constraints make gimbals and radomes impractical. Conventional conformal antenna accuracies are susceptible to degradation when the target is off-axis. Interferometry offers more consistent off-axis performance and less sensitivity to antenna variations. The interferometric seeker can be implemented on both spinning and non-spinning projectiles and imposes no timing or special antenna requirements on the illuminator. Interferometry allows a variety of configurations and projectile installation options. The objectives of the proposed effort are to evaluate alternative interferometric antenna configurations,select that with the best performance/cost benefit and to validate its predicted performance by constructing and testing a laboratory prototype. Several configurations are discussed and described including conformal "patch" arrays, waveguide and minimally sized nose cone installed forward looking arrays. A plan is proposed that results in a prototype seeker antenna. An option is proposed that validates interferometric accuracy in a static projectile configuration. |
| BEAM-WAVE RESEARCH, INC.
703 Firestone Drive Silver Spring, MD 20905 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(240) 535-2162
Dr. Khanh T. Nguyen NAVY 03-222 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Multiple-Beam Electron Gun for Radar Applications |
| Abstract: | The objective of this program is to develop a multiple electron gun capable of high-repetition rate operation to be employed in high-power broadband multiple beam amplifiers for future radar and communications applications. The performance of these amplifiers depends critically on the quality of the electron beam produced by the electron gun, and thus, the proposed research program is structured to ensure the successful development of a key enabling technology. A particular emphasis of this program will be the design of the gun's beam modulation electrodes to be compatible with existing and planned pulsed power technology. A secondary emphasis will also be placed on the cathode current density to ensure long operational lifetime. State-of-the-art 3-D gun code, MICHELLE, and magnetic code, MAXWELL-3D, will be employed for the gun design in the Phase-I program. The resulting electron gun will be developed and tested in collaboration with our industrial partners during the Phase-II program. |
| SUBCHEM SYSTEMS, INC.
665 North Main Road Jamestown, RI 02835 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(401) 874-6179
Mr. Eugene Morin NAVY 03-223 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A COMPACT, LOW-POWER SUBMERSIBLE CHEMICAL ANALYZER PAYLOAD FOR AUTONOMOUS UNDERWATER VEHICLES |
| Abstract: | SubChem Systems proposes to design and develop a compact, low power submersible chemical analyzer payload for deployment on autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV). The primary objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of developing a Micro AUV Ready Chemical (MARCHEM) Analyzer. This device will be capable of performing real-time, rapid response measurements of trace chemicals in marine waters. This sensor will use specialized low-power, miniature, electro-fluidic and optical detection devices to accomplish the chemical analysis. The objective of the Phase I effort is to produce a system design and to investigate the feasibility for the development of a MARCHEM analyzer for ammonia as a payload for two types of AUVs: micro-sized propeller-driven vehicles and coastal gliders. SubChem Systems is working closely with the Navy to ensure that the technologies meet service needs and will be adopted by end-users. Further, we are working with the manufacturers of AUVs to ensure a pathway to commercialization and marketing. |
| WESTERN ENVIRONMENTAL TECH. LABORATORIES, INC.
620 Applegate St., PO Box 518 Philomath, OR 97370 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(541) 929-5650
Dr. Andrew Barnard NAVY 03-223 Selected for Award |
| Title: | The Miniaturized Autonomous Moored Profiler (Mini AMP) |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of developing a compact, low power, autonomous, scalable, bottom-up profiling system for long-term (up to 6 months) deployments. This Miniaturized, Autononomous, Moored Profiler (Mini AMP) will contain a suite of environmental sensors, an integrated data control system, and a telemetry unit as a part of a modular, winch-driven profiling platform. The compact, hydrodynamic, low power design of the Mini AMP system will support a variety of long-term applications, where real-time, high vertical resolution physical and bio-optical data are required. The overall goal of this research will be to design a MINI AMP system that offers the consumer a high level of flexibility in sensing parameters, data telemetry and data control, while maintaining a high level of performance, reliability, accuracy, and ease of use thereby making the system inherently scalable. The prototype design to be developed in this Phase I research will be based on a multi-parameter sensor suite including an optical scattering detector, chlorophyll and colored DOM fluorometers, a spectral attenuation meter, a spectral irradiance sensor, and a CTD. The telemetry unit, an Iridium-based communication link, will provide bi-directional communications for profile scheduling and data retrieval capabilities from remote locations. |
| BENTHOS, INC.
49 Edgerton Drive North Falmouth, MA 02556 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 563-1000
Mr. Dale Green NAVY 03-224 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Communication Links for Spatially Distributed ASW Sensor Systems |
| Abstract: | The Navy intends to develop distributed fields of underwater sensors devoted primarily to ASW, but possibly having extensions to a variety of disparate applications, such as environmental sampling. These fields may include stationary nodes, mobile nodes, or combinations of the two. The two features common to all are the need to move data among the nodes of the field, and to autonomously reconfigure the (ASW) focus of the system to respond to an evolving threat situation. It is anticipated that the ability of an individual sensor to perform the mission will be extremely limited, thus necessitating cooperative interactions among multiple sensors, and information fusing across the field. This, in turn, suggests that the sensors may have to be physically close, implying that large numbers of sensors will be required. There are instances in which the requisite network connectivity can be accomplished with hard-wired links, but in the majority of cases, acoustic communications (acomms) will be the preferred method. Although the acoustic channel is in a medium that often does not support rapid data transfers without excessive transmitter power, or which limits signaling to very short ranges, in this instance the acomms channel appears well matched to the short range separation among sensors. The Navy has, over many years, investigated the utility of many types of sensors for ASW purposes, including passive and active sonar, magnetics, and optics, among others. The Navy has also investigated many techniques for signal and data processing and analysis. Most have shown value under some circumstances, but not in others. Probably the most reliable, certainly the least difficult to use, is passive acoustics. This is also an undetectable approach which advances consideration of covert operation of the network. The preferred approach, however, is to develop both nodes and networks capable of supporting a variety of sensor and processing types. The problem we wish to address with this proposal is the development of low cost sensor nodes, each providing modest ASW performance within a limited physical range, with reliance on the network to refine the performance. We will describe a system in which the nodes may contain a variety of sensor types, with the nodes linked together by robust, clandestine acoustic communications supporting directed response to potential targets, with network-wide data fusion and transmission to an end-user. We anticipate that some portion of the work will be classified. |
| FUSION NUMERICS, INC.
1320 Pearl St., Suite 108 Boulder, CO 80302 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 449-4129
Dr. Michael Murphy NAVY 03-224 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Sensor/Sensor - Sensor/Weapon Connectivity Technology |
| Abstract: | Sensor networks need to be designed carefully because power and communications bandwidth are a scare resource. Attention to routing protocols, compression algorithms, and query schedules must be given. Because of the rich design space for sensor networks, Fusion Numerics proposes to build TransSensor. TransSensor will provide a platform for sensor-network design and simulation using state-of-the-art algorithms developed and/or implemented by Fusion Numerics. TransSensor will include new algorithms for network topology detection, sensor query optimization, health monitoring, routing protocols, and data compression. With these techniques, a sensor network designer will be able to create the best architecture for a particular application. TransSensor will also serve as a simulation test-bed for new sensor-network management techniques. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
7519 Standish Place, Suite 200 Rockville, MD 20855 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 294-5269
Dr. Xiaodong Zhang NAVY 03-224 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A New Computing Paradigm for Energy-Efficient Collaboration in Underwater Sensor Networks |
| Abstract: | In this proposal, Intelligent Automation, Inc. (IAI) and its subtractor, Prof. Hairong Qi of the University of Tennessee at Knoxville, propose a novel mobile-agent-based computing paradigm for collaborative information exchange among distributed sensor nodes. Unlike the traditional client/server-based method, the proposed mobile-agent-based approach transfers the partially integrated results and executable code from one node to another and the processing can be done locally on the sensor nodes. The proposed approach consists of two levels: (1) mobile-agent-based computing for collaborative processing among multiple sensor nodes and (2) data processing and fusion at the local nodes. The proposed mobile-agent-based computing model provides a nice balance between energy efficiency and fault tolerance. It presents a framework for efficient usage of energy and bandwidth, scalable computing, reliable and fault-tolerant decision making, as well as supports intermediate results with progressive accuracy. The collaborative data processing and fusion algorithms use the information from multiple sensors. We develop both simulators to study the performance between the mobile-agent-based collaborative processing and the client/server-based centralized processing based on compression algorithms providing a compression ratio. |
| NOMADICS, INC.
1024 S. Innovation Way Stillwater, OK 74074 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(405) 372-9535
Mr. Matt Dock NAVY 03-225 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Autonomous Underwater X-ray (AUXRAY) |
| Abstract: | Nomadics proposes the development of an x-ray system for use underwater. The proposed sensor is similar to a raster or "flying spot" backscatter imager. These systems operate by scanning an x-ray beam across a surface and monitoring the backscattered energy. There are two significant challenges to this process, first the system has to operate in an incredibly attenuating environment; second, that environment scatters a large portion of the incident energy before it ever reaches the target. With these two design limitations, Nomadics' believes that the key to building a successful Autonomous Underwater X-Ray system (AUXRAY) is to have a large detector area for sensitivity and separation between the source and detector to reject signal from the transiting x-ray beam. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Photonic Division, 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Michael Gertsenshteyn NAVY 03-225 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Lobster Eye X-Ray Imaging Underwater Scatterometer |
| Abstract: | The Office of Naval Research (ONR) needs an underwater x-ray imager/scatterometer system for high-quality imaging of mines and other objects buried in sediment, and to analyze the porosity and structure of the sediment itself. The system is to be based on backscattering x-ray technology and be mounted on small underwater vehicles, including remotely operated vehicles and autonomous underwater vehicles. Sonar detectors can sense underwater mines even in dark, opaque water, but cannot detect buried mines. To meet the Navy need, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Lobster Eye X-Ray Imaging Underwater Scatterometer (LEXIUS) that enables focusing hard x-rays and discriminating mines from similar objects. Another advantage of LEXIUS is that it can collect vital information on buried mines in real time. The proposed LEXIUS images mines and other buried objects by means of Compton backscattering. It will operate in the x-ray energy range 40 to 60 keV, at a rate of at least thirty frames per second. LEXIUS provides enhancements in both resolution and signal-to-noise ratio due to the use of true focusing capabilities of POC's proprietary Lobster Eye x-ray optics. |
| DANIEL H. WAGNER, ASSOC., INC.
40 Lloyd Avenue, Suite 200 Malvern, PA 19355 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 727-7700
Dr. W. R. Monach NAVY 03-226 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Anti-Torpedo Data Fusion and Optimization System (ATDOS) |
| Abstract: | Daniel H. Wagner Associates, Inc. will develop an Anti-Torpedo Data Fusion and Optimization System (ATDOS) which will fuse all available data using multiple hypothesis association, Gaussian sum and non-Gaussian tracking, and Bayesian inferential reasoning techniques to produce a torpedo defense Tactical Picture (TP). Given this TP, ATDOS will optimize the utilization of all available anti-torpedo sensors, especially any active sensors, using non-Gaussian optimization algorithms. Although our initial focus will be on generating the torpedo defense TP and optimizing sensor utilization, in Phase III we may potentially optimize weapon employment as well. This use of advanced data fusion and optimization algorithms is critical for the success of an anti-torpedo system, since even the new passive and active sensors and their associated signal processing algorithms that are currently being developed will produce large numbers of both persistent false contacts (primarily from contacts on surface ships, although air and land targets will also be detected) and non-persistent false contacts. Thus it is critical to develop a sophisticated data fusion system that can process all of the available information concerning targets of interest, taking advantage of all of the detection and non-detection information produced by passive acoustic, active acoustic, and non-acoustic sensors. |
| METRON, INC.
11911 Freedom Drive, Suite 800 Reston, VA 20190 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 787-8700
Dr. Lawrence D. Stone NAVY 03-226 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Environmentally Robust Likelihood Ratio Tracker |
| Abstract: | Under the IASW program Metron has developed a version of the Likelihood Ratio Tracker (LRT) for Distant Thunder and EER multistatic active systems which integrates contacts over time and space to reduce false alarms and increase detection probability. It appears that LRT is a promising method of addressing the false alarm problem, but efforts to use LRT have been hampered by our inability to obtain accurate predictions of sensor performance, particularly probability of detection as a function of target state. Using an inaccurate prediction of sensor performance in the likelihood functions employed by LRT can provide misleading results and degrade the performance of LRT. Metron proposes to extend the state space of LRT to include a random variable that represents the prediction error in mean signal excess so that we can incorporate performance prediction into LRT in a way that accounts for the uncertainties in the predictions. This will allow us to improve its detection and false alarm rejection capabilities for multistatic active systems such as EER, IEER, and Distant Thunder. In doing this Metron will be assisted by Signal Systems Incorporated (SSC) who will help to develop the detection models used in this extension of LRT. |
| SIGNAL SYSTEMS CORP.
P.O. Box 787 Severna Park, MD 21146 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 431-7148
Mr. Laurence Riddle NAVY 03-226 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Coherent Multi-Static Active Sonar LRT |
| Abstract: | Multistatic sonar technologies are emerging as an important strategy for addressing passive ASW sonar-performance shortfalls. Multistatic operations can potentially improve ASW effectiveness in challenging shallow-water environments while allowing critical assets to remain acoustically covert or at a safe standoff distance. The Navy uses multistatic acoustic sensor systems with aircraft and surface ships, in a networked-centric ASW search and surveillance missions. Current incoherent systems suffer from high false alarm rates when operating in shallow water and potentially alert the target by using explosive sources. A method of reducing false alarms and not unnecessarily alerting our adversaries is needed. Coherent active sonar systems offer greater duty cycles, are not confused with weapons deployment when transmitting, and enable Doppler processing. The combination of higher duty cycles and controllable waveforms hold the potential for reducing false alarms. SSC and its teammate, Metron Inc., proposes to utilize Likelihood Ratio Tracking (LRT) to optimally combine multiple echoes, detect and track multiple targets using low signal to noise (SNR) threshold detections to form consistent target tracks over space and time. Extensions to LRT using Doppler information will be developed. This technique has been used successfully in incoherent multistatic active sonar systems and in passive sonar. |
| AERODYNE RESEARCH, INC.
45 Manning Road Billerica, MA 01821 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 663-9500
Dr. John T. Jayne NAVY 03-227 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Aerosol Mass Spectrometer for Aircraft Sampling using Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry |
| Abstract: | Aerosol particles play an important role in visibility, acid deposition, climate, and human health, although large uncertainties remain in quantifying their impacts which depend on their chemical composition and atmospheric transformations. An innovative aerosol mass spectrometer has been recently designed to fill a critical need for size-resolved, quantitative chemical composition data on aerosol particles. An aircraft version of this instrument that meets the size, weight, ruggedness, and time resolution requirements for aircraft operation has been deployed aboard ONR's CIRPAS Twin Otter research aircraft. We propose to upgrade this instrument in order to improve detection sensitivity which is critical for aircraft measurements in clean environments. This includes hardware and software developments to improve autonomous aircraft operation. The ultimate goal is to incorporate a time of flight mass spectrometer which will dramatically improve the detection and characterization of specific chemical species, and will enable chemical composition measurements on an individual particle by particle basis. |
| VI MANUFACTURING, INC.
6368 Dean Parkway Ontario, NY 14580 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(585) 265-0160
Mr. Michael Bechtold DARPA 03-026 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Finishing of Conformal Optics in Hard Materials |
| Abstract: | Conformal optics is becoming increasingly important for military and commercial applications. New manufacturing methods are being developed through university, government and industry efforts. Unique finishing approaches are being investigated, some with more success than others, and each with specific limitations to overcome. Advancements in CNC motion control and multi-axis CAM Software, have greatly improved the deterministic micro grinding of atypical conformal optics. These new technologies allow once impossible shapes to be designed and transformed into machine tool code for the fine grinding process. After fine grinding, these conformal surfaces need to be highly finished while maintaining a precision surface figure. Materials such as AlON (Aluminum Oxynitride)with large grain structures, Sapphire,Spinel,deep concave surfaces, and mid spatial frequencies,render the existing finishing processes inadequate. There is a great need for a cost-effective optical finishing system for these problematic atypical conformal parts. This proposal will present the feasibility of applying a unique process for the ultra finishing of optics referred to herein as UFO. Research in the area of new compliant finishing tools utilizing a pressurized bladder concept in conjunction with removal functions, machine configuration, and optimized tool paths will be the key task areas of investigation. |
| MICROASSEMBLY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3065 Richmond Parkway, Suite 109 Richmond, CA 94806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 758-2600
Dr. Michael Cohn DARPA 03-027 Awarded: 03NOV03 |
| Title: | Microsystems Vacuum Packaging |
| Abstract: | Resonant MEMS sensors offer high sensitivity for military applications, and their development will address billion dollar markets for automotive, aerospace, robotics and condition-based maintenance applications. However, high-performance resonant MEMS require expensive vacuum packaging for high-Q and intimate electrical integration although MEMS and CMOS processes are quite incompatible. The proposed project addresses the largest cost component for resonant MEMS, often >95% of costs. MicroAssembly's vacuum packaging capability has demonstrated high yields on wafer and die scale. This bonding process has been successfully used to seal MEMS in vacuum. The Phase I work will focus on achieving long vacuum lifetimes on a chip-level. |
| SAN DIEGO RESEARCH CENTER, INC.
2831 Camino del Rio South, Suite 301 San Diego, CA 92108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 294-7372
Dr. Harry B. Lee DARPA 03-028 Awarded: 25NOV03 |
| Title: | Next-Generation Modem Technology for High Threat Environments |
| Abstract: | The San Diego Research Center, Inc. (SDRC) addresses the proliferated EW threat by means of a modem with 30 to 40 dB of degrees of freedom (DOF) that can support multiple antennas. The large number of DOF can be deployed to thwart proliferated EW threats, while enabling robust, high data rate, mobile tactical communications. It is now practical to build such modems leveraging the hardware breakthroughs referenced in the solicitation. Additionally high-DOF modems can provide capacity-enhancement and diversity benefits analogous to those offered by Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) signal processing architectures for commercial wireless applications. An ideal modem would support a full range of capability from comprehensive beamforming and nulling in multipath-poor scenarios, to MIMO performance in multipath-rich scenarios. The proposed work will formulate a high-DOF modem architecture that addresses the military objective of providing high data rate, LPD/AJ, MANET communications. The architecture will support an adaptive MIMO solution that readily can be specialized for best performance in diverse tactical scenarios. The SDRC also will formulate a baseline modem design, including an estimate of hardware requirements in terms of COTS digital signal processing devices and I/O bandwidths. |
| SICOMM
3862 Kim Lane Encino, CA 91436 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 210-6888
Mr. Ahmed M. ElTawil DARPA 03-028 Awarded: 08DEC03 |
| Title: | 3-D Spread Spectrum Communication for High Threat Environments |
| Abstract: | Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems have attracted a large amount of research since their introduction in the mid 1990s by Gans and Foschini, boasting several orders of magnitude improvement in capacity relative to current technologies. However, the ongoing research focuses on the application of MIMO to data communications. The creative research space of applying MIMO architectures to achieve high bit rate, anti-jamming, low probability of detection/interception (AJ/LPI/LPD) systems suitable for military applications has been largely ignored. We strongly believe that an architecture combining a MIMO structure with direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) techniques is the best architecture to provide sufficient flexibility and robustness to meet the demands of modern military systems. LPI/LPD communication is enhanced due to the three dimensional randomization process in the MIMO-OFDM-DSSS algorithm. Data randomization occurs in space, frequency and time via MIMO, OFDM and DSSS, respectively. Furthermore, MIMO provides interference suppression capabilities for additional AJ protection and increases the data throughput by several orders of magnitude, which will prove invaluable in the field. SiComm is uniquely poised to leverage the extensive MIMO experience existing within its staff to develop a next generation modem for high threat environments. |
| CERMET, INC.
1019 Collier Road, Suite C1 Atlanta, GA 30318 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(404) 351-0005
Mr. Jeff Nause DARPA 03-029 Awarded: 17NOV03 |
| Title: | High Efficiency Green Emitter |
| Abstract: | Cermet and researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology propose a high efficiency green emitter with significantly lower defect densities compared to current state of the art. This low defect density approach will reduce non-radiative recombination centers in the emitter, enhancing brightness at the target wavelength range of 555-585 nm. |
| CRYSTAL IS, INC.
877 25th Street Watervliet, NY 12189 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 276-3324
Dr. Keith Evans DARPA 03-029 Awarded: 17NOV03 |
| Title: | Ultra-High-Efficiency Deep-Green LEDs Based on Quantum-Dots on Native AlN Substrates |
| Abstract: | The proposed effort addresses the important need to develop an efficient direct emission source in the 555-585 nm (deep-green) wavelength range, corresponding to the peak photopic response of the human eye. Current limitations in extending the operating wavelengths of III-N devices beyond the blue-green region of the spectrum are overcome by combining the quantum dot approach, in which a red shift is achieved by increasing the amount of indium in the active region, and epitaxial growth on native AlN substrates, which provide for greatly reduced dislocation densities and the opportunity to utilize non-polar substrate orientations, which, in turn, may provide additional device operation efficiencies due to increase electron-hole overlap in the active region. |
| DOT METRICS TECHNOLOGIES
9005 Pleasant Ridge Rd Charlotte, NC 28215 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(704) 604-0653
Ms. Rosanna Stokes DARPA 03-029 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Nanostructured active layers for deep-green light emitting diodes (LED) |
| Abstract: | Dot Metrics Technologies' ultimate goal is to manufacture LED heterostructures using commercial luminescent quantum dots. This SBIR will develop deep-green LEDs to support full spectrum direct-emission illumination for spectroscopy, displays, and general illumination, on military platforms and for commercial applications. Commercial high-efficiency LEDs are typically fabricated from two classes of III-V semiconductor heterostructures. III-nitride (III-N) is used for the color range from ultraviolet to blue-green, and III-arsenide-phosphide (III-AsP) for yellow to near-infrared. The human eye response peak is between III-N and III-AsP, in the "deep-green" wavelength range 555 to 585 nm, where neither material has high-efficiency emission entitlement. Thus the efficiency of white lights based on mixing colors from red, green, and blue LED sources is limited by the low efficiency of the green component. Since deep-green luminescence can be attained from commercially available quantum dots, Dot Metrics will incorporate them into novel LED heterostructures. This SBIR is focused on (1) determining optimum conditions for incorporating luminescent quantum dots into LED heterostructures, and (2) demonstrating resulting prototype green LED devices. |
| ICONTROL, INC.
1299 Parkmoor Ave San Jose, CA 95126 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 282-3544
Mr. Earl F. Tubb DARPA 03-030 Awarded: 03DEC03 |
| Title: | Application of Inexpensive Microsensors in the Battlefield |
| Abstract: | To support system level analysis and optimization for micro-sensor networks, this project will identify commercial components suitable for battlefield sensors and produce a Battlefield Sensor Network Simulation. First principal models of micro-sensors, communication algorithms, and representative threat scenarios will be developed using advanced dynamic simulation tools. Models of physical systems (i.e. threats) and micro-sensors are generated using MATRIXx simulation tools. Algorithms representing AD-Hoc network algorithms will utilize either TinyOS or an iControl protocol simulator developed for network simulations. The integrated environment will allow parametric studies of sensor distribution density, sensor communication range, threat sensor sensitivity and message passing protocol performance. Three representative sensors will be simulated for Phase I. A US Marines Tactical Remote Sensor System (TRSS) UGS, an iControl micro-sensor, and a hypothetical mid-range micro-sensor. |
| ORBITAL RESEARCH, INC.
673G, Alpha Drive Cleveland, OH 44143 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(440) 449-5785
Dr. Rich Kolacinski DARPA 03-030 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Design of Unattended Ground Sensors Based upon Biologically Inspired Wireless Networking and Data Fusion Algorithms |
| Abstract: | As recent experience has taught us, superior technology and sophistication is insufficient to protect our military forces from the attacks of individuals and small groups who can easily conceal themselves and deceive standard detection techniques. The danger that these attacks pose drives the need for novel approaches for their detection and identification. One approach that possesses great potential is the use of small, low power Unattended Ground Sensors (USG) networked together and cooperating with one another. This concept demands sensor and networking strategies that possess a level of flexibility, robustness and efficiency that far outstrip the capabilities of traditional techniques. In order to construct networking algorithms possessing the necessary attributes, decentralized algorithms that also address the sensor constraints are required. Nature provides numerous examples of distributed algorithms, which hold great promise for communications networking applications. Orbital Research proposes the development of a novel Intelligent Communications Architecture for a suite of networking protocols based upon group intelligence control algorithms and networking strategies for sensor networks. The proposed work will demonstrate the feasibility of an efficient and robust, spatially distributed wireless networking architecture imbued with the ability to achieve self-configuration and adaption in response to dynamically changing communications requirements and resources. |
| WAVETEK ENGINEERING, INC.
2465 Centreville Road, J17 Ste. 208 Herndon, VA 20171 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 871-3908
Mr. Richard Krinsky DARPA 03-030 Awarded: 18DEC03 |
| Title: | Application of Inexpensive Microsensors in the Battlefield |
| Abstract: | As sensor technology advances to where sensor system size has shrunk and cost has lowered, it becomes apparent that these systems can be applied in many more military situations, including attacks by individuals from hostile forces. The proliferation of sensor systems, however, calls for more discriminatory and specific evaluation of these systems. A useful tool in the evaluation of sensor systems lies in the computerized modeling of these systems, and input/output simulation by introduction of key parameters. Another tool is the empirical assessment of these systems under field-test conditions. This proposal will define and describe some battlefield modeling/simulation techniques that would appraise sensor systems that include acoustic, magnetic, seismic, thermal, chemical, radiation and others. Methods of sensor deployment such as by air drop, projectile, vehicle and human would also be explored. Sensor specifications such as range, power requirements, communication modes and protocols will be analyzed for optimum values. Low false alarm rate of the sensors would be a key objective of these simulations. The modeling and simulation techniques, as well as subsequent empirical validation, would likely produce valuable information on sensor system groups, resulting in improved system design and deployment, and therefore more effective human and asset protection. |
| BUSEK CO., INC.
11 Tech Circle Natick, MA 01760 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 655-5565
Mr. Thomas R. Brogan DARPA 03-031 Awarded: 17DEC03 |
| Title: | The RVMHD-A Re-entry Air Driven MHD Power Supply |
| Abstract: | In SBIR Topic SB032-031, DARPA has identified its interest in power generation on a re-entry vehicle using the air encountered by the vehicle as the working fluid for the generator. In response, this Proposal, based on an extensive 1964-1968 USAF program to develop a high power Electronic Countermeasures (ECM) re-entry vehicle using a 450 kilowatt MHD generator driven by the re-entry heated air is submitted. Busek staff served as Principal Investigator for most of this USAF program. Detailed Technical Reports from this program were declassified in late 2002. The proposed Phase I is a logical continuation of the USAF program which achieved significant progress toward the goal of using MHD to generate high levels of power on a re-entry vehicle. In Phase I, analytical techniques will be updated and three different re-entry scenarios employing MHD will be studied. US test facilities capable of supporting a Phase II RV MHD prototype test program will be identified and characterized. The Proof of Concept (POC) RV MHD demonstrator will be designed, and the Phase II Test Plan and POC Performance estimates will be prepared. Phase II should lead directly to a RV MHD prototype. MIT Fusion Center will be our subcontractor for the development of the appropriate magnet. |
| CELLULAR MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL, INC.
2015 Ivy Road, Suite 6 Charlottesville, VA 22903 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(434) 977-1405
Dr. Yellapu V. Murty DARPA 03-031 Awarded: 30DEC03 |
| Title: | Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Multifunctional Structures for Space Re-entry Vehicles |
| Abstract: | Cellular Materials International, Inc. (CMI) proposes to develop and manufacture a prototype structural panel for testing and further optimization incorporating multifunctional features with structural stability at elevated temperature, thermal protection, and addressable magnetic elements. Local magnetic fields can be tailored to control the flow in the conductive boundary layer; control may be used to delay the transition from laminar to turbulent flow and prevent excessive premature heating of the vehicle surface. Similar concepts can later be used to design larger MHD devices for power generation or virtual control surfaces. CMI's proprietary designs and manufacturing know how will be incorporated in designing these MHD Tiles. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 580-0080
Mr. John F. Kline DARPA 03-031 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A "Smart Skin" Array for Reconfigurable Hypersonic MHD Effects |
| Abstract: | Research Support Instruments, Inc. (RSI), with the aid of Princeton University, proposes to use an innovative sensor/actuator package to provide a critical component for multifunctional hypersonic vehicle structures. An integrated array of microfabricated pressure sensors and ionizers will provide a "smart skin" atop a reconfigurable magnetic array. The high-bandwidth sensors will detect development of instabilities or other changes in the flow, and the ionizers will compensate by increasing the local conductivity, and thereby the MHD-generated body force. The sensor/actuator array will use an elegant approach: the same membranes and same transmission structures will be used for pressure sensing, electron beam windows, fiber optics, high voltage lines, and pumping. This will keep the system completely integrated: sensors and actuators will be interchangeable in arrays that will provide precision flow control. The MEMS-based "smart skin" arrays will be of great interest in next-generation hypersonic and space access strike craft. These arrays will allow vehicle designs to be optimized for criteria other than aerodynamic performance while maintaining extremely rapid response times. This investigation will demonstrate the "smart skin" concept and develop the knowledge and technologies needed for Phase II experiments. This will allow for Phase II experiments with large scale arrays. |
| CFD RESEARCH CORP.
215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 726-4800
Dr. Andrzej J. Przekwas DARPA 03-032 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Multiscale Model of Lung Injury and Personnel Protection from Blast Overpressures in Confined Areas |
| Abstract: | A high fidelity multiscale computational biophysics toolset will be developed to simulate the blast wave propagation throughout a fully defined model of the human thorax and lung alveoli. Medical imagery data, such as MRI and CT, will be used to create a 3D geometry and computational mesh model of the thorax. A Hierarchical Adaptive Mesh Refinement (HAMR) approach, developed to model the blast wave propagation within urban environments, will be modified to account for the thorax/lung tissue material properties and wave propagation physics. The displacement and shear work performed by the wave on alveolar and vascular capillary bed will be used to derive a first-principles based lung injury model, which will be correlated with experimental data. The model will be validated against experimental animal data of blast wave injury. Several new concepts of chest protective composites will be investigated and optimized. The effectiveness of protective measures will be evaluated within the fully defined thorax/confined space model framework. Phase II will; extend the model to other organs via dynamic structural mechanics models, investigate physiologically based sub-models, including multi-scale models of vasculature and pulmonary structure, validate the models to a series of experiments, and develop a virtual prototyping framework of blast injury protection armor. |
| MD BIOTECH, INC.
511 Burrough St. Morgantown, WV 26505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(304) 598-1101
Dr. Lance Molnar DARPA 03-032 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ocular Scanning Instrumentation Diagnosis of Induced Trauma from Thermobaric Weapon Detonation |
| Abstract: | US military warfighters are in critical need of technologies/equipment which provide expedient, reliable and non-invasive diagnostic capabilities to aid in the evaluation and treatment of battlefield trauma. By providing quick and accurate diagnosis of the type and extent of trauma, such equipment would allow warfighters to more rapidly assess and implement the most effective course of action. Of particular concern are soldiers exposed to thermobaric blasts or other factors that may cause internal trauma within the theater of operation. Early diagnosis of internal trauma induced by a primary blast wave via a field-deployable, rapid, and non-invasive technique will provide an invaluable tool in the subsequent success of treating such conditions. The current Phase I proposal seeks to establish and validate the feasibility of using ocular biomarkers for the diagnosis/detection of specific, unapparent internal traumas resulting from overpressure exposure. Eventually, algorithms which quantitatively evaluate the determined biomarkers may be incorporated into our Ocular Scanning Instrumentation (OSI) technology. The OSI technology has thus far been developed around the capability of diagnosing exposure to chemical and biological threat agents. The resulting system will serve as an early-diagnostic system for theater of operation casualty assessment based upon generalized information obtained from ocular biomarkers. |
| SCIPERIO, INC.
5202 N. Richmond Hill Rd. Stillwater, OK 74075 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(405) 624-5751
Dr. Anatoly M. Kachurin DARPA 03-032 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Surrogate Lung Tissue as a Platform to Test TBX Weapons |
| Abstract: | The goal of this proposal is the production of a designer engineered tissue construct (ETC), a surrogate lung patch-like structure, which will be used to assess the damage induced by thermobaric (TBX) weapons. The information garnered from surrogate-lung-patch tests will be used to help devise effective countermeasures against TBX weapons as well as to reduce the need for costly and often controversial animal studies. The result of this work will be the development of an enabling technology platform that will create new material "patches" not only as surrogate constructs to test TBX blasts, but also as regenerative constructs for a variety of lung damages that may result from TBX blasts. |
| ACTIVE SIGNAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
13027A Beaver Dam Road Cockeysville, MD 21030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(202) 547-0293
Dr. Keith Bridger DARPA 03-033 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Pulse width modulated servo valve enabled by single crystal piezoelectric |
| Abstract: | Active Signal Technologies and Moog propose to demonstrate a solid state pulse width modulated pilot stage for a servo valve enabled by single crystal PMN-PT. The basic mechanism and labor intensive fabrication processes used to build conventional servo valves remain largely unchanged since the device was launched in 1951, resulting in high cost and limited bandwidth. A digitally controlled valve has been long sought but has not materialized because of the limitations of available drivers -- low frequency capability of magnetic torque motors and solenoids, and stroke limitations of "high strain" solid state materials such as Terfenol and PMN. However, the advent of single crystal PMN-PT with over 2 times the strain of conventional solid state materials and low hysteresis can supply the 10X bandwidth improvement needed to realize a truly digital valve. The new servo valve will not only be smaller and low cost, but will be more readily integrated with digital control, especially for adaptive structural control using distributed actuation. In Phase I we will build a working pilot stage valve and demonstrate its switching speed capability, and in Phase II we will develop a fully integrated high speed servo valve using this technology. |
| CSA ENGINEERING, INC.
2565 Leghorn Street Mountain View, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 210-9000
Dr. Sean O. Fahey DARPA 03-033 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Piezoelectric Single Crystal Hybrid Actuators |
| Abstract: | The feasibility of a device that exploits the key properties of piezoelectric single crystals will be demonstrated. The device is a power-by-wire hybrid actuator incorporating a piezoelectric pump. The actuator will be effective in shipboard applications and in UUVs or UAVs that use conventional control surfaces or more exotic morphing control. The actuator will benefit directly from high strains, high electromechanical coupling and high energy density typical of single crystal materials. The single crystals will contribute to significantly increased efficiency and power density in the core piezoelectric pump, resulting in an actuator that exceeds the power density of electric motors. By leveraging ongoing developments in DARPA's Compact Hybrid Actuator Program, this research will make a directly relevant comparison with devices that use conventional smart materials. It will also use hardware, analyses and test techniques already developed to accelerate progress. A single pump-based hybrid actuator will be designed and tested against mechanical loads representative of control surfaces. The benefits of the single crystal material will be quantified in terms of increased power output per unit mass and volume. In Phase 2, CSA and its large shipbuilding industrial partner, will develop the actuation further and test it in a full scale system. |
| TRS CERAMICS, INC.
2820 East College Avenue State College, PA 16801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 238-7485
Dr. Paul W. Rehrig DARPA 03-033 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Single Crystal Piezoelectric Actuators for Adaptive Structures |
| Abstract: | Single crystal piezoelectric actuators are proposed as a means of significantly increasing the stroke of a smart actuator to control the trailing edge flap of a helicopter rotor for vibration control and noise suppression. Conventional piezoelectric ceramic actuators have exhibited inadequate levels of stroke and/or force required to produce an angle of rotation of ñ8ø at 40 Hz. Single crystals based on (1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PMN-PT) represent a revolutionary advance in piezoelectric actuator technology. These materials exhibit 5 to 10 times the strain of conventional ceramic piezoelectrics with equivalent deliverable force. Therefore, they offer a much broader design space for adaptive systems than is currently available with ceramic actuators, active fiber composites, electric motors or magnetic devices. The objectives of this project are: 1) to fabricate complete actuators of three leading actuator types using new single crystal piezoceramic material technology. Specifically, a d33 stack, and d32 bender, and a d15 induced shear tube will be addressed, 2) to measure and characterize piezo-coupling coefficients under electromechanical conditions representative of smart rotor and airframe applications, 3) to conduct a performance analysis quantifying the projected gains in actuation capability given the measured single crystal element characteristics. |
| ATC - NY
33 Thornwood Drive, Suite 500 Ithaca, NY 14850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(607) 257-1975
Dr. David Guaspari DARPA 03-035 Awarded: 08JAN04 |
| Title: | SPRINT: Secure Programming Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques |
| Abstract: | To meet the demand for more "intelligent" applications-in web services, enterprise software, network management, etc.-developers are turning to the AI technique of rule-based programming. But the very things that make rule-based programming attractive-its flexibility, its introduction of complex and dynamically changing control structures-raise serious security concerns. ATC-NY, in collaboration with Architecture Technology Corporation (ATC), will develop SPRINT, a tool to support secure programming in the rule-based language CLIPS. SPRINT can be thought of as a sophisticated type-checker for a modest extension of CLIPS. The extensions, which take the form of structured comments, provide a way for programmers to indicate more precise constraints on intended execution, and thereby provide "checkable hints" to SPRINT. A program that passes SPRINT type checks will have eliminated many potential security flaws. Since CLIPS is broadly similar to many other rule-based languages, we expect that the techniques and principles developed in this work will be generally applicable. |
| COVERITY
3723 Haven Avenue, Suite 113 Menlo Park, CA 94025 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 980-3408
Dr. Andy Chou DARPA 03-035 Awarded: 15JAN04 |
| Title: | Secure Programming Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques |
| Abstract: | Through this project, Coverity will demonstrate the effectiveness of automated source code analyses in improving the security and reliability of critical software. Coverity will develop and apply source code analysis checks that will automatically detect common causes of security vulnerabilities, such as buffer overflows, as well as application-specific security problems in various critical code bases. Coverity will also detect other types of software defects, including memory and resource leaks, which affect overall reliability. Although the idea of source code analysis is not new, the tools that have come to market are prohibitively difficult to use or fail to scale to the size of commercial applications. Coverity's solutions successfully overcome these barriers with novel, state-of-the-art technology. The prototype for Coverity's patent-pending source code analysis technology was originally developed by a team of researchers in the Computer Systems Lab at Stanford University. Initial applications of this technology in the research setting resulted in the successful detection of over 2000 defects and hundreds of exploitable security holes in the Linux and OpenBSD operating systems. Coverity's current analysis engine uses interprocedural data-flow analyses coupled with sophisticated abstraction techniques that may be used to uncover a wide range of software defects including ú Security holes ú Buffer overruns ú Memory corruption ú Memory/Resource leaks ú Deadlocks and race conditions ú API misuse ú Violations of coding standards Unlike other tools that have surfaced over the years, Coverity's solution scales to millions of lines of code, achieves 100% path coverage, and requires no manual modifications or testing. Coverity's technology can pinpoint hundreds to thousands of critical defects out of the box with orders of magnitude less noise than other source code analysis tools. A unique feature of Coverity's tool is its extensibility. Company specific rules, custom security policies, or errors detected by QA can be easily turned into checks that can be plugged into the analysis platform. Furthermore, statistical learning and data mining techniques can be used to automatically retarget the tool to different code bases with differing coding conventions, styles and idioms. |
| GRAMMATECH, INC.
317 N. Aurora Street Ithaca, NY 14850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(607) 273-7340
Dr. Paul Anderson DARPA 03-035 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Static Analysis of AI Systems |
| Abstract: | Toolkits for Artificial Intelligence (AI) are increasingly being used in government and industry. If such systems have access to sensitive information, it is important to know their security properties. A toolkit may contain low-level flaws, such as buffer-overrun errors that allow an attacker to gain control of the host system. Or, there may be flaws in the rule base of a system implemented with the toolkit that allow unauthorized access to sensitive information. We propose the detailed study of the security properties of CLIPS, a widely used expert-system shell in two parts. The first part will be a detailed analysis of the source code of the system using static analysis tools and other methods to find low-level flaws. The second part will be a study of the CLIPS language and the exploration of static and dynamic approaches to create secure CLIPS programs. A promising approach is to model the CLIPS system as a weighted push down system, and to use model-checking techniques to implement a range of security analyses, including termination analysis and information flow. The results will include a design for a tool to be prototyped in Phase II, and guidelines on how to write a secure CLIPS specification. |
| FETCH TECHNOLOGIES
4676 Admiralty Way, 10th floor Marina del Rey, CA 90292 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 448-9148
Dr. Greg Barish DARPA 03-037 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advisable Web Assistant for Extraction of Time-Critical Information |
| Abstract: | We will develop an advisable, self-learning "assistant" capable of monitoring, extracting and assessing data from multiple heterogeneous sources. The system, called InTIME (Intelligent Trainable Information Monitoring and Extraction system) will be built on top of the Fetch Agent Platform, a commercial system for building and executing software agents that extract and integrate data from Web sites. Through the use of machine learning, users can train the system to extract data from Web sites "by example." We plan to extend our existing machine learning approach so that a user can train the system to learn what information is valuable, why it is valuable, and how and when to notify the user when new information is available. |
| REALTIME METHODS
NASA Ames Research Center , MS 566-108 Moffett Field, CA 94035 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 944-7594
Mr. Kevin Yurica DARPA 03-037 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advisable Information Agent for Real-time Data Monitoring |
| Abstract: | This research is focused on the development of an advisable agent platform that performs real-time information monitoring using machine learning techniques. This advisable agent is based on an approach which combines reinforcement learning with data flow-based analysis methods. The machine learning model proposed relies on prior knowledge, reinforcement learning and vector-based data analysis techniques. Relying on advice, a knowledge-based application is easily configured with an initial knowledge set which is then incrementally improved using rules, advice and induction. These machine learning capabilities are integrated with a real-time data analysis model which supports data filtering, extraction and monitoring for items of interest. This foundation for time-critical event processing and time series data analysis is derived from a data stream perspective that abstracts a series of discovery, delivery or learning events as a data flow. This data flow processing model may ultimately result in a number of potential benefits including; efficiency, scalability, and ease of deployment. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
951 Mariner''''s Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 545-1478
Mr. Terrance Goan DARPA 03-037 Awarded: 05JAN04 |
| Title: | Exploiting Diverse Forms of Advice to Guide the Discovery and Extraction of Time-Critical Information |
| Abstract: | We propose to address the primary challenges to the timely distillation of time-critical data into actionable information by exploiting the synergies amongst information discovery, extraction, and fusion processes. The proposed advisable assistant concept, Sentinel, will be comprised of three primary elements: (1) a user centered approach to context modeling and agent guidance; (2) a unified probabilistic model of information discovery/retrieval, extraction, and fusion; and (3) a predictive model of "interestingness", including representations of time criticality that will effect if, when, and how the user should be alerted. The resulting system will reduce existing barriers to the tasking of an agent through user interfaces that integrate into existing problem solving workflows and through the exploitation of active learning techniques that can make optimal use of any (potentially imperfect) guidance provided by the user. Further, the use of tightly intertwined probabilistic models in which discovery, extraction, and fusion decisions are made with a common pool of evidence and inference procedures will allow much richer forms of inference than possible with the current state of the art. Phase I research and development of a limited prototype will provide a solid foundation for the complete implementation of Sentinel in Phase II and its commercialization. |
| ADVANCED INTERFACES, INC.
403 S. Allen Street, Suite 104 State College, PA 16801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 867-8977
Dr. Rajeev Sharma DARPA 03-038 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Non-intrusive Multimodal Emotional State Monitoring |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I proposal will conduct an exploratory study to establish the feasibility of a multimodal framework for monitoring the emotion of a person using an non-intrusive sensor suite that includes video, audio, and thermal sensing. This will lead to the development of a portable gauge for robustly monitoring the emotional state of people in operational environments. The following five dynamic features will be considered in the multimodal framework: (a) facial expression, (b) facial temperature distribution, (c) facial perspiration pattern, (c) head movement, (d) hand gesture, and (e) speech prosody. It is expected that the multimodal features will give greater visibility and a more accurate estimate of the emotional state than the observation of any one feature, especially in situations involving suppression of expression. The proposed research will be carried out by a multidisciplinary team from Advanced Interfaces, Inc., Artis, LLC, and the University of Pittsburgh. |
| GENEX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
10605 Concord Street, #500 Kensington, MD 20895 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 962-6565
Dr. Jason Geng DARPA 03-038 Awarded: 16DEC03 |
| Title: | A Novel Integrated Emotional State Recognition System Using 3D Imaging and Thermal Analysis |
| Abstract: | A critical drawback of existing automatic facial expression classification, gesture analysis, and emotional state recognition technology is the lack of integrated and complimentary measurement modalities to perform reliable cognitive and emotional state assessment in operational environment. The purpose of this SBIR is to develop a novel, integrated sensor that incorporates three sensing modalities for the human face and body. This unprecedented capability adds one more dimension, literally and figuratively, to state-of-the-art emotional state recognition technology. To the best of our knowledge, there is no research effort or commercial product available today that is able to achieve this capability, at any cost. |
| LI CREATIVE TECHNOLOGIES
225 Runnymede Parkway New Providence, NJ 07974 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(908) 508-0239
Dr. Qi (. Li DARPA 03-038 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Robust and Sequential Recognition of Emotional States Using Hidden Markov Models and Integrated Speech, Video, and Thermal Features |
| Abstract: | This proposal defines unique and promising solutions for robust and sequential emotional and stress state recognition in military operational environments. The solutions are non-invasive, multi-modality approaches, including speech, video, and thermal images. The feature sets are selected automatically based on the operational environments. For example, when the environment is too noisy, the system focuses on image features; when the lighting condition is too bad, it focuses on speech features; when both acoustic and lighting conditions are good, the system uses both speech and image features. This will provide the military with a degree of system versatility and allow broad applications to many operational scenarios. Multi-layer hidden Markov models are defined as the statistical models to characterize the emotional states. The recently developed sequential detection algorithm is proposed to detect the changes from one emotional state to another. Furthermore, a multi-modality database will be collected to study the feasibility of detecting at least the following emotional states in this project: anger, drowsiness, anxiety, fear, confusion, disorientation, and frustration. The new feature extraction and recognition algorithms will be developed and implemented through this project to discriminatively recognize those states. The developed system will be portable and can be operated in military environments automatically and continuously. |
| ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS, INC.
2020 Alameda Padre Serra, Suite 123 Santa Barbara, CA 93103 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 966-3331
Dr. Roger Stettner DARPA 03-039 Awarded: 05JAN04 |
| Title: | Ultra-Compact, High Range-Resolution LADAR for the Individual Soldier |
| Abstract: | Using ASC's current 128 x 128 3-D imaging system, off-the-shelf optics and in-house compact laser designs a demonstration LS3DIS will be configured and tested. Practical issues will be addressed, and data will be used to tune a system performance model. System trade studies will be made using this model. The LS3DIS ReadOut Integrated Circuit will be a 320 x 320 to 400 x 400 unit cell array and the associated unit cell will be designed, simulated and laid out in Phase I. In Phase II a full-scale or nearly full-scale ROIC will be fabricated and this ROIC, together with the Phase I system analysis, will be the basis for fabrication and testing of a LS3DIS compact system for delivery to DARPA. |
| SENSORS UNLIMITED, INC.
3490 U.S. Route 1, Building 12 Princeton, NJ 08540 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 524-0257
Dr. J. C. Dries DARPA 03-039 Selected for Award |
| Title: | An Ultra-Compact, Man-Portable FLASH Laser Radar system |
| Abstract: | Sensors Unlimited will develop and deliver a portable flash laser radar system in the eye-safe 1.54 micron wavelength band. The system will consist of an InGaAs avalanche photodiode based focal plane array with a novel in-pixel digitized architecture. The system will display range and return intensity data for 320x256 pixels across a 40 degree field of view. The maximum number of laser shots required to image a 40 degree field of view for all 320x256 pixels using a compact 4 mJ 1.54 micron laser source will be four. During Phase I we will develop the single pixel readout integrated circuit architecture to accommodate both the range resolution and intensity goals. The pixel will be modeled and fabricated using the MOSIS prototyping service in Phase I. During Phase II, the fabricated pixel will be evaluated, and spun into a full 320x256 or scanned 320x64 focal plane array as dictated by the modeling in Phase I. We will field test the camera in a "flash LADAR" system that is man portable with a minimum 4 mJ, < 5 ns pulse eye-safe laser that is suitable for transport by a single soldier. |
| SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING CORP.(SPEC)
101 West Sixth Street, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 479-7732
Mr. Brad Sallee DARPA 03-039 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Individual Soldier LADAR (ISL) |
| Abstract: | The Systems and Process Engineering Corporation (SPEC) will develop the Individual Soldier LADAR (ISL) which will use a proven high accuracy phase detected range circuit to determine range profiling to 1/8-inch accuracy. This circuit allows the ISL to operate as a Class I eye-safe device and still achieve the needed range. The ISL also utilizes ultra short pulse lengths, allowing improved signal to noise level, while still maintaining eye safety and low power dissipation. By carefully choosing the operating frequency of the ISL with respect to the other sensor suite frequencies of the Multispectral Adaptive Networked Tactical Imaging Sensor (MANTIS) system, the ISL output can be fused with the MANTIS sensors to provide sharp discrimination of plants, rocks, painted objects, and advanced camouflaged targets. A display of the three dimensional shape, not distorted by perceived shadows or patterns, allows targets to be easily interpreted. The ISL concept is based on the L-VAS (LADAR Vehicle Alignment System), which uses low cost thumb size LADARÝs with 3mm range resolution yielding the ILS for individual soldier use with up to 3mm range resolution, .5km range, and a field of view up to 90,a at video imaging rates (30Hz). |
| BRAIM IMAGE TECH, INC.
9700 Dixie HWY, Suite 1030 Miami, FL 33156 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(305) 361-5459
Mr. Craig M. Snoeyink DARPA 03-040 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Novel Airborne Video Sensors |
| Abstract: | Current generation of panoramic imaging systems are based on three types of technologies: 1) Catadioptric sensors, as in omni-directional cameras, using combination of lenses and mirrors in a carefully arranged configuration relative to a standard camera; 2) Alignment of single-line scans or strips as a single camera rotates; 3) Alignment of images from multiple cameras with negligible baselines relative to scene distance, each camera covering a small section of the entire view. This project explores the multi-camera design to achieve super-resolution panoramic motion imagery for UAV deployment. Among several attractive advantages, including simplicity, flexibility, reconfigurability, and robustness of the design, this is a solution based on a low-cost technology. A detailed investigation of various design parameters and how they impact system performance (accuracy, resolution, and achievable frame rate) for target detection and tracking, visually-guided positioning, and terrain mapping from UAVs are investigated. The deliverables comprise performance graphs and charts where critical system parameters can be identified, configurations most suitable for targeted applications at multitude of operational altitudes can be chosen based on quantitative measures, and guidelines are established for system design and construction in the 2nd phase, which also involves the deployment for collecting real data (onboard suitable UAVs). |
| VEXCEL CORP.
4909 Nautilus Court Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 583-0228
Dr. Jeffery D. Collins DARPA 03-041 Awarded: 17DEC03 |
| Title: | Bistatic Target and Clutter Characterization for ISR Radar Systems |
| Abstract: | Vexcel proposes to make measurements and perform analysis regarding monostatic-bistatic equivalence phenomenology using a unique data set that has not been considered in the past for this purpose. Almost simultaneously acquired bistatic and monostatic imagery along the bistatic bisector direction will be compared. Comparison results will be analyzed so as to understand the implication of the monostatic/bistatic equivalence theorem on using "virtual phase centers" as components in clutter-cancellation moving target detectors. A new means of target detection through the exploitation of the breakdown of monostatic-bistatic equivalence will be investigated. |
| AETC, INC.
8910 University Center Lane, Suite 900 San Diego, CA 92122 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 450-1211
Dr. Donald Miklovic DARPA 03-042 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Passive Broadband Acoustic Imaging Network for Urban Warfare |
| Abstract: | The current situation in Iraq is making it extremely clear that the urban environment is a chaotic and dangerous battlespace. Currently available technology cannot provide the level of real-time situational awareness needed by each individual soldier. DARPA has determined that Sparse Conformal Acoustic Network (SCAN) technology, or soldier-worn acoustic-array "vests," is a potential solution to this problem. AETC proposes to utilize its expertise in this area to demonstrate the utility, practicality, and affordability of the SCAN concept. The proposed work focuses on the development of a low-cost, high-gain acoustic array and associated algorithms that will improve the ability to hear and recognize distant sounds by an order-of-magnitude. This will be an important advance over today's state-of-the-art that is limited to small microphone arrays of only a few sensors, and processing designed for sound-quality enhancement and automatic speech recognition. Our approach emphasizes experimental measurements of the critical unknowns effecting design and performance of SCAN, and on actual demonstration of limited capability, low-cost prototypes. The final product will be a preliminary system design and experimental demonstration of feasibility and performance. |
| CARDINAL RESEARCH LLC
860 Lathrop Dr Stanford, CA 94305 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 857-9151
Dr. Bernard Widrow DARPA 03-042 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Wearable Sparse-Conformal-Acoustic-Networks for Tracking & ID of Urban Targets |
| Abstract: | The objective of the proposed research is to develop wearable acoustic array technology to enable a wirelessly connected squad of soldiers in an urban battlefield to detect, localize, track, and categorize acoustic target signals. The goal is to give foot soldiers real-time situation awareness, thereby assisting them in attacking enemy targets while avoiding ambush, unintentional civilian casualties, and friendly-fire accidents. Each soldier will be equipped with a conformal acoustic array connected to an adaptive filtering network for localization and enhancement of speech and other acoustic signatures buried in noise. Each soldier will thus become a ``node'' in a wireless smart sensor network. The acoustic information will be shared among neighboring nodes of the network. Each soldier will wear a fast computer to process his or her acoustic data, to supply processed data for wireless transmission to neighboring nodes, and to generate a display showing the location and identification (friend or foe) of surrounding acoustic targets. The research proposed for Phase I consists of seven tasks whose objectives are to develop and demonstrate a single SCAN node, to conceptualize an eight-node SCAN system for development under Phase II, and to provide written monthly progress reports and a final report. |
| CODETRONIX LLC
5940 Buena Vista Avenue Oakland, CA 94618 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 282-1108
Dr. Per Ljung DARPA 03-043 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Handshake Circuits for RHBD Systems |
| Abstract: | Fault-tolerant synchronous handshaking circuits are synthesized that avoid, detect and recover from radiation induced faults. This approach is suitable for commercial deepsubmicron CMOS processes. Every computation uses error detecting codes. If a computation output shows no errors, then handshaking signals are asserted allowing data and control information in preceding and following nodes to propagate. If an error is detected, then recovery is attempted by re-trying the computation. If the fault was a glitch, then the re-try is successful. If a re-try is unsuccessful, then a permanent fault is assumed and the computation is re-tried on a redundant hardware module(s). Once the computation shows no errors, then the handshaking signals are asserted as in normal operation. Since all circuits use delay insensitive handshaking circuits, no other circuits are effected by the extra time required to recover from the fault. No checkpoints or rollback re-initialization are needed since handshaking is utilized. As a result, the use of handshake circuits provides an efficient low-cost error recovery mechanism for CMOS circuits. |
| MIXED TECHNOLOGY ASSOC., LLC
2600 El Camino Real Palo Alto, CA 94306 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 493-6729
Dr. Klas Lilja DARPA 03-043 Awarded: 14JAN04 |
| Title: | Hierarchical CAD Tools for Radiation Hardened Mixed Signal Electronic Circuits |
| Abstract: | Mixed Technology Associates propose a Phase I project to explore a new method of automating the synthesis of rad-hard-by-design analog circuits. A powerful new technique for the automatic optimization of analog circuits, maximizing a number of simultaneous goals under a variety of simultaneous constraints, has recently been developed. Optimal ADCs, DACs, OpAmps, and PLLs have been synthesized using the method and the technique has been commercialized. The key to the new method is the formulation of objective functions and constraint functions in a particular mathematical formulation suitable for geometric programming. MTA believes that the constraints imposed by radiation hardness can be introduced into this framework, and can become an integral part of the design process. This phase I proposal would develop the formulation of goal functions and constraint functions for radiation sensitivity of MOSFETs and CMOS analog circuits. The methodology for fitting such functions to the technology will also be developed. If the procedure is successful, it will be extended to a range of analog components, including PLLs, VCOs and ADCs, in a phase II proposal, and circuit designs optimized for radiation hardness will be demonstrated using the new technique. |
| ORORA DESIGN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
17371 NE 67th Court, Suite 205 Redmond, WA 98052 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 702-9196
Mr. Monte Mar DARPA 03-043 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Hierarchical CAD Tools for Radiation Hardened Mixed Signal Electronic Circuits |
| Abstract: | Orora Design Technologies proposes to develop and demonstrate a behavioral-modeling-centric design flow and supporting CAD tools for the automated analysis, synthesis and migration of radiation-hardened mixed-signal integrated circuits and systems, based on IEEE standard VHDL-AMS. Parasitic-aware behavioral modeling methods and models will be developed to characterize radiation effects on circuit blocks, interconnect and layout structures. Orora will develop tools for encapsulating and quantifying known techniques for rad-hard circuit layout and architecture, as well as tools to predict routing sizing adjustments needed for radiation induced events. The existing Orora Arsyn tool suite will be extended to support hierarchical synthesis through topology selection under radiation, physical, and electrical constraints through parameterized VHDL-AMS netlists. VHDL-AMS facilitates simultaneous simulation and evaluation of electrical, thermal, and radiation effects, and encapsulation of design knowledge for rad-hard process migration. Teaming up Boeing Solid State Electronics, the proposed design flow and tools will be validated and demonstrated on some military electronic designs. |
| RIDGETOP GROUP, INC.
7070 North Oracle Road, Suite 120 Tucson, AZ 85704 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 742-3300
Mr. Mark Rencher DARPA 03-043 Awarded: 17NOV03 |
| Title: | Hierarchical CAD Tools for Radiation Hardened Mixed Signal Electronic Circuits |
| Abstract: | Currently available RF/Mixed Signal design kits and tools do not provide the necessary precision to accurately predict integrated circuit performance when exposed to total ionization dose (TID), single event effects (SEE) and prompt dose (PD) environments. Specifically, the parametric variation of key performance indicators (KPI) is not accounted for at the device modeling, circuit and system levels. Current engineering practices use adhoc and unpredictable methods to converge on a product KPIÝs. This adhoc method is generally referred to as .silicon bread boarding". The results is multiple design/manufacturing/test passes to converge on the KPI satisfaction with process distributions and environmental (Voltage, Temp, TID, SEE, PD) distributions. Financially, the current adhoc method produces up to fifteen million dollars ($15M) in cost over runs, loss profits and delayed projects. To rectify the current adhoc approach, a precision, robust modeling and characterization methodology based on statistical methods is proposed. This statistical Rad Hard by Design solution provides the necessary accuracy to predict KPI parametric performance with in the process distributions and environmental (Voltage, Temp, TID, SEE, PD) specifications. The two principle methodologies [1] employed in the Rad Hard by Design kit are ,h Correct by design ,h Correct by construction Correct by design are the techniques where electrical characteristics are described by geometric and statistical process parameter relationships. Correct by construction is the techniques where the geometric relationships defined in the correct by design methodology are used to create the physical descriptions. |
| SILVACO DATA SYSTEMS, INC.
4701 Patrick Henry Drive, Building 2 Santa Clara, CA 95054 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 654-4362
Dr. Christopher Nicklaw DARPA 03-043 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Hierarchical CAD Tools for Radiation Hardened Mixed Signal Electronic Circuits |
| Abstract: | Development of an integrated radiation capable design environment for mixed signal applications. Incorporating transistor level simulations (TCAD), compact and behavorial modeling using Verilog-A, circuit simulation (SPICE and Verilog), and the creation of radiation enhanced models for circuit design. |
| CANYON SEMICONDUCTOR
3925 W. Braker Lane Austin, TX 78759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 305-0970
Dr. Craig W. Farley DARPA 03-044 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Materials and Devices |
| Abstract: | The research project proposed to DARPA in this document will investigate novel device structures for maximizing the linear power density of microwave and mmwave GaN HFET transistors by examining innovative device structures to improve thermal management. These innovative structures will include device layouts, epitaxial layer structures, and device fabrication processes. This investigation will involve theoretical evaluation of thermal and EM characteristics of innovative structures using state-of-the-art simulation tools. Innovative device structures, including both one- and two-dimensional arrays will be investigated to determine the most effective in minimizing the operating temperature differences of transistor elements in these arrays. EM simulations will be carried out on the device structures to assess limitations on operating frequency. After a clear assessment of the thermal management and operating frequency capability, innovative approaches to minimizing any limitations on operation at mmwave frequencies will be investigated, including novel biasing schemes. The primary objective of this Phase I proposal is to define device structures which afford the maximum linear power density at both microwave and mmwave frequencies for GaN HFET device technology. Phase I activities will be followed by experimental evaluation of the most promising approaches at L-, X-, and V-band for GaN HFET power transistors. |
| CRYSTAL IS, INC.
877 25th Street Watervliet, NY 12189 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 276-3325
Dr. Jon Whitlock DARPA 03-044 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Preparation of ultra-low defect AlN surfaces for OMVPE |
| Abstract: | Now that very low defect density (<1,000 dislocations per sq. cm.) native AlN substrates are available from Crystal IS, it may be possible to realize nitride device applications with high Al content where low defect densities are critical.. However, to realize this potential, a systematic effort to provide improved and reliable surface preparation of aluminum nitride substrates prior to the OMVPE growth of nitride epitaxial layers is needed. This need will be addressed by the proposed effort. |
| INTRINSIC SEMICONDUCTOR CORP.
22660 Executive Drive, Suite 101 Sterling, VA 20166 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 437-4000
Dr. Cengiz Balkas DARPA 03-044 Awarded: 09DEC03 |
| Title: | Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Materials and Devices |
| Abstract: | Development of ultra pure silicon carbide (SiC) substrates that are electrically insulating will be pursued under the SBIR Phase I program. The Company has developed a unique and proprietary technique for making such substrates. A number of characterization tasks will also be performed on the wafers produced under to proposed effort. |
| INTRINSIC SEMICONDUCTOR CORP.
22660 Executive Drive, Suite 101 Sterling, VA 20166 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 437-4000
Dr. Nikolay Yushin DARPA 03-044 Awarded: 09DEC03 |
| Title: | Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Materials and Devices |
| Abstract: | Development of high quality 4H silicon carbide (SiC) substrates will be pursued under the SBIR Phase I program. The Company has developed a unique and proprietary technique for making such substrates. A number of characterization tasks will also be performed on the wafers produced under to proposed effort |
| MAGELLUS CORP.
c/o For-e-tel, 1406 Camp Craft Road, Suite 800 Austin, TX 78746 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 947-4623
Dr. Russell D. Dupuis DARPA 03-044 Selected for Award |
| Title: | ADVANCED HFET DEVICES AND CIRCUITS FOR HIGH-PERFORMANCE, HIGH-RELIABILITY RF ELECTRONICS |
| Abstract: | In this program, Magellus will employ metalorganic chemical vapor deposition and novel device processing technologies to develop large-area III-nitride HFET devices and RF circuits that are capable of operation at high frequencies (above 20GHz), high powers and power densities (above 10W total power and 10W/mm power density), and high temperatures (above 300C). Magellus has developed several unique nitride HFET device structures that will be employed in this program. One important application for these devices will be the realization of high-performance transmit/receive RF circuits for high-efficiency radar systems. The theoretical performance of the novel Magellus HFET device structures is estimated to be at least a factor of three above the best values for nitride HFETs currently reported in the literature. By using novel AlGaN/GaN HFET device designs (developed in an MDA-sponsored Phase I STTR program recently completed by Magellus) combined with the use of proprietary novel device passivation procedures (initial work performed under a second MDA Phase I SBIR which Magellus has recently completed) and Ohmic contact designs, we will develop high-performance RF power devices, which will be incorporated into high-power RF circuits in Phase II of this SBIR. |
| SEMISOUTH LABORATORIES
One Research Blvd., Suite 201B Starkville, MS 39759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(662) 324-7607
Dr. Jie Zhang DARPA 03-044 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Thick SiC Epitaxy Development for MegaWatt Switching Applications |
| Abstract: | In this proposed work, methods to increase the growth rate for thick, low-doped drift region epilayers required for MW power switch devices are examined. Changing the process parameters (carrier and feed gas ratios, gas flow rates, pressure, temperature) to increase the growth rate are balanced with keeping process parameters such that surface morphology is not compromised is the primary goal of this work. Additionally, maintaining dopant control, low background impurity, and the possibility of closing micropipe defects are examined to maintain the quality of the thick epitaxy layers. This work is done in a horizontal configuration reactor, designed for SiC epitaxy growth. |
| TECHNOLOGIES & DEVICES INTERNATIONAL, INC.
12214 Plum Orchard Dr Silver Spring, MD 20904 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 572-7834
Dr. Vladimir Dmitriev DARPA 03-044 Awarded: 14JAN04 |
| Title: | Novel low-cost technology for UV LEDs based on HVPE grown AlGaN structures |
| Abstract: | Historically, hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) was the first technique to produce high quality thick GaN epitaxial layers. Resent progress in growing of multi-layer structure by HVPE in TDI make it possible to develop this technique to fabricate multi-layer GaN- AlxGa1-xN and AlxGa1-xN -AlyGa1-yN heterostructures for light emitting diodes (LEDs) in UV spectral range with operating wavelength up to 280 nm. Additionally, TDI is going to clarify possibility to growth AlGaN-based structure capable of 230 nm light emission. Currently, only metal organic vapor phase deposition is employed to III-V nitride devices production including light emitters and high-power microwave devices. HVPE is another epitaxial method known to deposit high quality GaN layers and AlGaN-GaN heterostructures. Recently, we demonstrated multilayer AlGaN/GaN/AlGaN p-n structures grown by this method on SiC substrates. Operated wavelength under current injection was varied from 340 to 350 nm. The results obtained give us opportunity to develop a new method of the AlGaN materials growth on sapphire substrates based on HVPE technology. Phase I objective is to prove the concept and demonstrate GaN-AlGaN structures grown on 2 inch sapphire by HVPE and suitable for UV LEDs fabrication. In the Phase II TDI will focus on the development of manufacturing technology for UV LED's. |
| ANVIK CORP.
6 Skyline Drive Hawthorne, NY 10532 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(914) 345-2442
Dr. Marc Klosner DARPA 03-045 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Maskless Nanolithography with Sub-Pixel Resolution for Microelectronics and Biomolecular Devices |
| Abstract: | Maskless technology capable of sub-100 nm patterning is attractive for manufacturing of many microelectronic and biomolecular devices. In numerous military applications, the number of different types of electronic modules required is large, whereas the quantities needed of each type of module are small, making the mask costs prohibitive. Previous maskless lithography approaches of imaging a spatial light modulator array by a reduction lens are fundamentally limited in resolution by an individual micromodulator size and put great demands on the projection lens. Thus, a maskless technology would be highly desirable that overcomes the basic limitation of the micromodulator pixel size (14-16 æm) and the projection lens reduction ratio (100-200), and is configurable as a massively parallel scanning system, thereby delivering moderate throughputs (2-10 wafers (200 mm) per hour) at very high resolutions (50-100 nm). This proposal presents such a technology: a novel sub-pixel maskless nanolithography system that provides the capability to pattern very high-resolution features without using a physical mask; enables rapid programmability of the patterns to be imaged for quick prototyping and moderate-volume production; and provides high-throughput imaging on large areas. This system will be attractive for numerous military as well as commercial applications in microelectronics and biotechnology. |
| LUMARRAY LLC
60 Vassar Street, Bldg. 39, Room 427 Cambridge, MA 02139 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 253-6865
Dr. Henry I. Smith DARPA 03-045 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Maskless Lithography for Fabrication of Microelectronics with 100 nm Features |
| Abstract: | We propose to investigate the feasibility of achieving a throughput of at least one 200 mm diameter wafer per hour, while incorporating a sub-200nm wavelength source into a maskless lithography system of the Zone-Plate-Array Lithography architecture. We will evaluate sources at 193, 157, 121, 13 and 4.5 nm, as well as a variety of sub-200 nm lamp sources. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Electro-Optics & Holography Division, 20600 Gramer Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Tin M. Aye DARPA 03-045 Awarded: 23DEC03 |
| Title: | Subwavelength Maskless All-Light Lithographic System |
| Abstract: | DARPA is seeking tools to fabricate advanced semiconductor devices with 100 nm features without the need for masks, avoiding the high front-end fixed costs associated with photomask fabrication. Current processes for producing features smaller than the wavelength of the light require complex mask structures anad phase shift masks, and have low yield. To overcome these limitations and meet the DARPA requirements, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new and cost-effective Subwavelength Maskless All-Light Lithographic (SMALL) system based on near-field nanobeam array direct-writing, capable of writing beyond the diffraction limit at 100 nm or less, at a rate of several wafers per hour. In Phase I POC will fabricate a SMALL system to demonstrate feasibility of maskless lithography for subwavelength resolution without bulky vacuum charged-particle systems. In Phase II POC will develop a prototype that shows the feasibility of writing features 100 nm and smaller at a rate of several wafers per hour. |
| AGILITY COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
475 Pine Ave. Santa Barbara, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 690-1762
Dr. Michael Larson DARPA 03-046 Awarded: 24NOV03 |
| Title: | Adaptive Self-Monitoring of Widely-Tunable Universal WDM Transmitter |
| Abstract: | A widely tunable universal wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) transmitter will be a key technology for advanced battlespace platforms requiring the interconnection of a large number of sensors, data processors, and data storage equipment. In such a dynamic WDM network, wavelengths are allocated to carry specific signals, adapting continuously to the information traffic conditions and the status of each piece of equipment. Semiconductor laser sources, capable of rapid and accurate programmable wavelength switching or sweeping functionality independent of a fixed frequency grid, address both the communications needs of dynamic WDM networks as well as the optical sensor units themselves and their transparent integration into the network. Requirements of sub-picometer absolute wavelength accuracy and low noise over harsh ambient conditions place stringent demands on transmitter performance that can be guaranteed only with extensive self-monitoring and feedback control within the transmitter module itself. We propose a complementary suite of self-monitoring technologies for widely tunable transmitters that targets three key areas: laser wavelength, laser noise, and transmitter noise. These self-monitoring techniques allow robust dynamic networks to be deployed in which digital signals, analog signals, and optically interrogated analog signals can be transmitted simultaneously to interconnect heterogeneous network elements. |
| INFINERA CORP.
1322 Bordeaux Drive Sunnyvale, CA 94089 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 572-5433
Dr. Radha Nagarajan DARPA 03-046 Awarded: 6JAN04 |
| Title: | Uncooled, Full C-Band, Multi-Wavelength DWDM Transmitter enabled by Adaptive Self-Monitoring |
| Abstract: | This project uses adaptive self-monitoring to enable uncooled operation in a harsh environment of a full C-band, wavelength selectable, multi-wavelength DWDM transmitter. The program will utilize novel sensors integrated into the transmitter module to intelligently monitor and provide feedback to adaptively and independently control the key parameters of the transmitter array. The design will operate over a wide temperature range (0 to 70C) without the use of a thermo-electric cooler (TEC). Phase I will research the feasibility of the approach, including design of sensing elements and appropriate algorithms, experimental verification of sensor concepts and temperature effects on device performance and reliability, and initial design and modeling to create the uncooled Photonic Integrated Circuit (PIC). Phase II will include detailed design and fabrication of the sensors and uncooled PIC, packaging of these devices, and adaptive algorithm development to ensure optimum transmitter performance over the full temperature range. |
| AGAVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC.
P.O. Box 80010 Austin, TX 78708 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(607) 272-0002
Dr. Mehran Pazirandeh DARPA 03-047 Awarded: 03NOV03 |
| Title: | Biological Degradation of Chemical Agents |
| Abstract: | Current methods used for the destruction of CW agents are cumbersome, require extensive capital equipment such as incinerators and water reactors and pose potential environmental problems themselves. A novel approach for the destruction of CW agents involves genetically engineering microorganisms to produce recombinant enzymes that can efficiently degrade CW agents. Such a system would allow these toxic compounds to be efficiently degraded to harmless products. There are a number of advantages to a biological based system for degrading CW agents. First, a properly designed biological system would be easy to use by non-science personnel, such as Special Operation units of the armed forces. Also, a biological-based system would be cost effective because it would be self-generating, and due to their catalytic nature, each enzyme molecule can degrade many molecules of a CW agent. Agave BioSystems proposes to develop a biologically based system for the efficient and safe destruction of CW agents, particularly the non-volatile persistent substances such as VX. This effort involves the development of a genetically engineered microbial system based on the efficient CW degrading enzyme organophosphate hydrolase (OPH). |
| TRANSMEMBRANE BIOSCIENCES
145 North Sierra Madre Blvd., Suite #5 Pasadena, CA 91107 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 791-1774
Dr. Hiep-Hoa T. Nguyen DARPA 03-047 Awarded: 01DEC03 |
| Title: | Biological Degradation of Nerve Gas Agents |
| Abstract: | The broad spectrum organophosphorous hydrolase (OPH) from Pseudomonas diminuta MG and Flavobacterium sp. ATCC 27551 is a leading bioremediation candidate for large-scale detoxification of insecticides and nerve gas agents including sarin, soman and VX. However large scale applications of the enzyme depend on our ability to utilize the protein in efficient and convenient formulations. Recombinant bacterial strains overexpressing different hydrolase versions (a native membrane-bound form, soluble N-terminus deletion and fusion proteins) will be created and examined for organophosphorous compound degradation ability. Preliminary experiments to create fieldable and ready-to-use formulations will also be investigated. |
| BEACON POWER CORP.
234 Ballardvale Street Wilmington, MA 01887 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 661-2065
Mr. Ward Spears DARPA 03-048 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Optimization of Flywheel Energy Density Utilizing a Composite Hub |
| Abstract: | The proposal objective is to develop a flywheel energy storage system capable of achieving its maximum theoretical specific energy density, while being capable of repeated high peak-power demands. The key to achieving this objective is the development of a composite hub capable of supporting an optimized high-speed composite rim. A flywheel offers significant advantages for short duration peak loads, multiple cycles, deep discharges and rapid recharges. Under these conditions, the batteries energy/weight ratio will be significantly less, possibly less than half of the 130 watt-hr/kg, where as the flywheel's energy to weight capacity would remain constant under these same conditions. Initial calculations indicate the maximum theoretical specific energy density that the proposed flywheel could obtain is approximately 110 watt-h/kg using a high modulus carbon fiber for the composite rim in conjunction with a composite hub instead of our standard commercial grade carbon fiber rim and metallic hub currently design, which is purely cost driven. |
| NPL ASSOC., INC.
912 W. Armory Ave. Champaign, IL 61821 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(217) 356-5402
Dr. Nie Luo DARPA 03-048 Awarded: 29DEC03 |
| Title: | Hydrogen Peroxide Based Fuel Cell for High Energy Density Space application |
| Abstract: | The objective of this research is to study the feasibility of a unique high energy-density space power system based on a direct hydrogen peroxide fuel cell. Such a power system has an energy density 10 times higher than that available from the most advanced battery systems today and meets the requirements for Unconventional Space Power set forth in DARPA SB032-048. Unlike conventional fuel cells that employ oxygen, this radical new type of hydrogen peroxide fuel cell uses H2O2 directly in the cathode. This direct process eradicates the energy loss and weight penalty associated with prior attempts to develop H2O2 fuel cells where oxygen was generated via the catalytic decomposition of H2O2. The result is a highly efficient, high power density unit that is ideally suited for a variety of demanding space applications. The proposed study would demonstrate operation of such a small prototype cell and characterize its operational performance and efficiency. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Dr. Jeffrey L. Boehme DARPA 03-048 Awarded: 03DEC03 |
| Title: | Unconventional Space Power |
| Abstract: | Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop new electrochemical supercapacitor materials for high power space applications that will complement current photovoltaic/battery space power systems. PI will synthesize polymeric supercapacitor materials that will provide double the energy density of current state-of-the-art supercapacitors by incorporating electron withdrawing substituents along the polymer backbone. Through proper choice of substituents, the operating voltage of the supercapacitor is increased, and the resultant the power density will exceed 14 kW/kg. Furthermore, the substituents will expand the charging/discharging lifetime with out loss in peak power performance. PSI will synthesize the new polymer-based materials, evaluate their electrochemical performance, build supercapacitor tee-cells for testing, and design a space power system concept capable of delivering > 30 kW of power. During the Phase II program, coin cell devices will be fabricated and tested. |
| SURFACE OPTICS CORP.
11555 Rancho Bernardo Road San Diego, CA 92127 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 675-7404
Dr. David Cavanaugh DARPA 03-048 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Unconventional Space Power Using Gas Turbine Systems |
| Abstract: | Developing a long endurance, high energy power supply for space based systems that is reliable, capable of high voltage generation, and with significantly better weight to performance characteristics than current photovoltaic systems is the goal of this effort. Surface Optics Corporation proposes development of a novel gas turbine system based on an innovative thermal energy source, the Greenhouse Balloon (GHB). In addition to offering superior weight-to-performance characteristics, a GHB based system will offer the advantages of high reliability, high power density and excellent compatibility with high voltage systems. One of the principal design issues in any space-based turbine power system is the thermal energy source. Nuclear thermal energy sources have safety concerns associated with them. Focused solar collection systems are excellent energy sources, but require accurate pointing and tracking and may not work under certain conditions. The GHB, a solar collection system using spherical collectors, removes the need for accurate tracking and pointing, and provides the necessary thermal energy to drive the turbine. In this effort SOC will evaluate the GHB concept relative to focused solar and nuclear sources, and present a preliminary system design with trade matrices based on the GHB concept. |
| ASPEN AEROGELS, INC.
184 CEDAR HILL STREET MARLBOROUGH, MA 01752 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 481-5058
Dr. Je K. Lee DARPA 03-049 Awarded: 13JAN04 |
| Title: | Nanostructured Poly-DCPD Based Aerogels as Low Cost Thermal and Acoustic Insulation for Aerospace Applications |
| Abstract: | Aspen Aerogels (AAI) proposes to develop low-cost, lightweight nanostructured poly-DCPD based aerogel composites for aerospace, military, and commercial insulation applications. Alone, the poly-dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) exhibits exceptional properties, including room temperature curable fast processing, good mechanical and physical properties, low cost, and durability. Similarly, the nanopore structure of aerogels presents several unique properties, including low density, and highly effective thermal insulation and acoustic attenuation. Combining Aspens' novel aerogel nanotechnologies with the excellent properties of poly-DCPD will generate low cost and lightweight nanostructured poly-DCPD based aerogel composite materials that have the benefits of both the base polymer and aerogel nanostructure. On Phase I, nanostructured poly-DCPD aerogels will be produced via sol-gel processing followed by either supercritical drying or the chemically induced phase separation (CIPS). Facile ring opening metathesis polymerization reaction of cyclic unsaturated structure of DCPD monomers will be applied to gel monomer within a suitable solvent. The pendant double bonds in poly-DCPD will readily allow for surface modification to augment the capabilities of the new materials. Phase II will scale up development and demonstrate the performance in aerospace and transportation insulation application conditions. The final poly-DCPD aerogel product can be transitioned to production through Aspens' current manufacturing facility. |
| CYMETECH, LLC
7629 S.H. 75 South Huntsville, TX 77340 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(936) 295-4040
Mr. James O. Frost DARPA 03-049 Awarded: 25NOV03 |
| Title: | Adhesive Formulation for Poly-Dicyclopentadiene Components |
| Abstract: | Poly-Dicyclopentadiene (Poly-DCPD) is a polymer that offers potential as a material of construction for defense and non-defense items. An adhesive system that would have similar or greater strength than the poly-DCPD polymer substrate would enable the construction of complex items from simple low cost shapes. Currently, only conventional mechanical means such as fasteners may be employed for such application. Tanks, for example, often require internal and external components. The use of conventional fasteners would penetrate the tank shell or would produce areas of high stress concentration. An adhesive would allow attachment without penetrating the shell or creating unnecessarily high stress concentrations on the vessel wall. An adhesive offers a safe and effective manner in which to make repairs or to reinforce areas where failure might occur. The greatest benefit of an adhesive system is that it allows the fabrication of complex objects from simple components. This is important for production of small volume parts where mold cost to produce the finished item would otherwise be prohibitive. Using an adhesive, it would be possible to join sheets with structural shapes for production of high strength, low volume materials. These shapes can be molded in low cost, significantly reducing market entry barriers. |
| RENEW POWER
60 Hazelwood DR Champaign, IL 61820 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(217) 328-9850
Mr. Brian Adams DARPA 03-050 Awarded: 12NOV03 |
| Title: | Micro Fuel Cells Based Meso-Sensor Power Supplies |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I project will entail critical
research to enable meso-scale fuel cells being
developed at the University of Illnois Urbana
Champaign(UIUC) and Renew Power Incorporated (RPI)
to be used in military meso sensor packages. Our
existing prototype pumpless, room temperature,
meso-scale fuel cells already generate enough net
average power, but not enough peak power to meet
the goals in the request for proposals (RFP). We
believe that with modification, our existing
devices can meet all of the size and power goals
outlined in the RFP and have a lifetime 5 times
longer than batteries.
The Objective of the proposed Phase I will be to do the critical studies to determine how to best meet the goals: In particular, we will: (i) Modify the existing devices to determine how various design changes affect the peak power and to determine the power limits that can be practically obtained. (ii) Test the existing devices with a series of alternate "designer fuels" to see if any of them give improved performance in the existing devices. (iii) Explore energy storage technologies to identify practical alternatives that have the capability to improve the peak power with consuming too much space. (iv) Explore power harvesting opportunities. |
| TPL, INC.
3921 Academy Parkway North, NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 342-4427
Mr. Charles D. Ph.D DARPA 03-050 Awarded: 12NOV03 |
| Title: | Power Supply for Meso-Sensors |
| Abstract: | Wireless sensors and active r.f. ID tags have a critical need for small power supplies. TPL proposes to develop a meso-scale power system that exploits volumetric microbatteries and micro-supercapacitors to maximize energy and power densities. These three-dimensional microdevices are a unique feature of our approach, and deliver superior performance compared with conventional thin film batteries. The proposed effort will evaluate a limited lifetime device that uses a high energy density zinc-air primary microbattery combined with micro-supercapacitors; and a rechargeable system consisting of micro-supercapacitors and a solar cell. In both cases, the primary energy storage and power delivery device is the micro-supercapacitor. These rechargeable devices with high energy density, high specific power, low equivalent series resistance, ESR, and low cost are uniquely capable of meeting the power needs of meso-scale sensors. Our volumetric micro-devices have capacitance densities an order of magnitude higher than macro-scale COTS devices. By exploiting the properties of carbon nanotubes a further 50% increase in capacitance, a decrease in the ESR by a factor of 1000, and a four-fold increase in power density will realize the necessary power delivery capabilities. This approach will deliver a unique minimum footprint, minimum volume solution for integration with meso-scale sensors. |
| AEROASTRO, INC.
20145 Ashbrook Place Ashburn, VA 20147 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 723-9800
Mr. Zeno Wahl DARPA 03-051 Awarded: 18NOV03 |
| Title: | Modular S-Band Radios |
| Abstract: | Radios are required for every spacecraft mission, yet spacecraft radios truly suited for nanosatellites currently do no exist. AeroAstro's proposed Modular S-Band Radio Suite (MSBRS) will solve this problem and make inexpensive spacecraft in the 1 to 30kg class feasible. In this SBIR program AeroAstro will develop a set of miniature radio modules specifically intended to allow the spacecraft developer the flexibility to tailor the radio system to their specific mission requirements. The radio system assembly will be on the order of 3" x 2" x 1" in size, mass 0.2 kg or less, and will support industry standard interfaces such as RS-422. To achieve a small size and mass, and high power efficiency the MSBRS will incorporate several radio architecture innovations such as the elimination of the antenna-diplexer. AeroAstro's modular approach, use of COTS technologies, and a careful eye towards the space environment will make possible nanosatellites radios that are both robust and low cost. Leveraging its extensive experience in spacecraft radio technology, AeroAstro will design, breadboard and demonstrate, in Phase I, a prototype MSBRS. This will lay the foundation for the development of flight hardware in the Phase II program. |
| BUSEK CO., INC.
11 Tech Circle Natick, MA 01760 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 655-5565
Dr. Charles Gasdaska DARPA 03-051 Awarded: 17DEC03 |
| Title: | Autonomous Field Emission Cathodes for Electrically Propelled Nanosats |
| Abstract: | The objective for this Phase I program is to lay the foundation for the development of an autonomous electron source for use with electrically propelled nanosats. Electric propulsion offers high specific impulse, and in the case of electrodynamic tethers, "propellant-less" operation. The electron source will be based upon field emission from C-nanotubes. It will function as a "drop-in" component with simplified interface to nanosat power supply and controls. The project will develop a low-cost fabrication technique for field emitter arrays and integrate the array in a small package that combines power and control electronics. Cost will be as important a benchmark as performance. Current capabilities are expected to range up to 1 mA and operating voltages should be < 100 volts, depending on the electrical current requirements. For nanosat applications, where currents in the microamp range will be needed, operating voltages < 50 volts should be obtained. The unit will be capable of operating from a low voltage spacecraft power supply. |
| COMPOSITEX, INC.
11815 Littler Road Sandy, UT 84092 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 501-0562
Mr. Daniel J. Moser DARPA 03-051 Awarded: 17NOV03 |
| Title: | High-Performance Chemical Propulsion Technology for Nanosatellites |
| Abstract: | Compositex proposes to develop and demonstrate of a simple, low cost, high-performance chemical propulsion system for very small spacecraft sizes of 1 to 10 kilograms (nanosatellites). This system combines the ISP performance of a bipropellant system with the simplicity and ease of operation of a monopropellant system. When compared to today's operational vehicle propulsion systems, it offers improvements in safety, reliability, performance, and cost effectiveness. Both the fuel and oxidizer are storable, non-toxic, non-hypergolic, low-freezing point liquids. The high-density propellants can be contained within a single, lightweight filament-wound composite tank, enabling propellant mass fractions of over 90%. The propulsion system retains high ISP and high propellant mass fraction performance characteristics across a very wide range of sizes. This system can effectively provides both main propulsion and attitude control system (ACS) functions. The proposed effort includes a prototype system design, fabrication and static testing of two rocket engines, 20 Newton and 2 Newton thrust levels. |
| EMAG TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1340 Eisenhower Place Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 973-6600
Dr. Alex Margomenos DARPA 03-051 Awarded: 17NOV03 |
| Title: | Components for High Performance Nanosatellites |
| Abstract: | The overall goal of the proposed two-phase SBIR project is to develop a low-cost, reliable, miniaturized RF component suitable for nanosatellites, in order for them to achieve functionality similar to larger spacecrafts. EMAG Technologies proposes to develop a novel multi-chip module (MCM) technology based on revolutionary concepts in packaging and integration that will reduce the RF communication package size and volume by two orders of magnitude. We will demonstrate these new technologies by building and characterizing a Ka-band steerable sub-array. The proposed transmit module will be fabricated on high resistivity silicon wafers using mature micromachining technologies which can produce: multilayer interconnects, on-wafer packaged RF MEMS, phase shifters, monolithically integrated passive elements, cavity filters, and photonic band-gap substrates for parasitic resonance reduction. All these architectures can be integrated on a single chip thus forming miniaturized multi-chip modules with high performance and functionality. The proposed work will be based on our extensive completed work on three-dimensional integration and silicon micromachining for RF applications which resulted in 3D RF transitions, filters, low-loss interconnects, distribution networks for arrays, on-wafer packaged RF MEMS and photonic band-gap silicon substrates for operation up to W-band. |
| FACE ELECTRONICS, LC
427 WEST 35TH STREET NORFOLK, VA 23508 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(757) 624-2121
Dr. ALFREDO V. CARAZO DARPA 03-051 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Power Density DC-DC Piezo-Converter module for Small Satellites |
| Abstract: | Face Electronics, LC proposes to design an innovative high power density, radiation-resistant, space-qualified, DC-DC converter module using Face's proprietary technology. This technology includes a new high power density piezoelectric transformer, Transoner?, which is designed to replace the conventional magnetic technology. Transoner is smaller, weighs less and significantly reduces magnetic interferences, as is required for small satellite applications. The novel DC-DC Piezo-Converter is proposed as an alternative to the current DC-DC converter modules used to drive satellite payloads. In order to demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of this innovation, Phase I will be focused on the preparation of two DC-DC converter modules to demonstrate the step-up and step-down capabilities and thus the potential standardization of the technology. The step-down demonstrator will be a 15W DC-DC converter from 28V input to 5V output. The step-up demonstrator will be a 15W DC-DC converter from 28V to 100V output. Results of the Phase I will quantitatively validate the design feasibility, and provide the basis for refinement, miniaturization and packaging in Phase II to standardize the novel DC-DC concept to the requirements of nanosatellites. |
| INTELLITECH MICROSYSTEMS, INC.
2009 Huntcliff Drive Gambrills, MD 21054 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 362-3187
Mr. Doug Freesland DARPA 03-051 Awarded: 29DEC03 |
| Title: | Miniature Reaction Wheels an Enabling Technology for High Performance Nanosatellites |
| Abstract: | Current nanosatellite designs are limited by the lack of small, low cost attitude sensing and control components. Although activities are underway to develop sensor technologies, precision pointing and agility also requires miniature reaction wheels. Presently no such wheels exist. We propose to develop a wheel that fills this void, enabling nanosatellites to perform an array of missions requiring precision attitude control (0.01 deg) including: on-orbit rendezvous, docking, servicing, formation flying, inspection, imaging, remote sensing and communications. Our target is an order of magnitude reduction in momentum storage capacity (< 0.1 Nms) and a factor of 5 reduction in cost (< $20,000 per wheel). During Phase I we will develop and deliver the requirements for a miniature low cost reaction wheel, scalable to support a range of nanosatellite masses (1-10 kg). A conceptual design of the wheel and associated drive electronics will be developed and delivered. We will procure and begin preliminary testing of motor and bearing assemblies as a risk reduction effort. We will also validate and deliver our cost model as part of our Phase I final report. During Phase II we will complete the design, build, test and deliver an engineering model wheel and drive electronics. |
| MEVICON, INC.
2534 W. Middlefield Rd Mountain View, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 969-2675
Mr. Eric M. Flint DARPA 03-051 Awarded: 17NOV03 |
| Title: | Geometrically Shape Stiffened Thin Film Shells: An Approach to Enable Nanosatellite Subsystem that Require Large Surface Areas |
| Abstract: | A family of geometrically shape stiffened thin film shells that will enable large deployable surface areas components for nanosatellite applications is proposed. These thin film shell substrates, based on space rated polyimide materials, offer the ability to enable large surface area systems that are extremely light weight, stow compactly, deterministically and passively self deploy upon release, and self rigidize in the desired shape. These structures will enable many common satellite functions on nanosatellites that 1) rely on surface area and/or diameter for improved performance, and 2) would otherwise be infeasible (due to cost, volume, or mass constraints) to implement. Some examples that could be enabled include deployable thin-film solar arrays, parabolic communication apertures, sun shields, thermal radiative cooling surface, etc. In Phase I we will review the possible applications, downselect to one to focus upon, establish the feasibility of the design through computer simulation, engineering analysis, and simple testing. In Phase II, we will demonstrate a brassboard test item using non-flight hardware and conduct testing in a simulated space environment (microgravity and in vacuum deployment, thermal-vac, etc.). This activity will prepare the way for flight demos and Phase III transition to DoD and commercialization opportunities. |
| MICROCOSM, INC.
401 Coral Circle El Segundo, CA 90245 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 726-4100
Dr. James Wertz DARPA 03-051 Awarded: 20NOV03 |
| Title: | Miniature Star Sensor Using "Camera-On-A-Chip" CMOS Arrays |
| Abstract: | Microcosm, with Michigan Aerospace Corporation (MAC), proposes to design a new, high-precision, very compact star sensor weighing less than 100 grams, with 3 independent 4-degree-square fields-of-view. Advanced processing capabilities of complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) "camera-on-a-chip" arrays allow the sensor to consist of an optical head and 3 arrays feeding star data directly to the spacecraft processor for star identification and attitude determination. A prototype sensor head has been designed and built by Microcosm. Several commercially available CMOS arrays will be evaluated for applicability to star sensing in space. MAC will perform image chain analysis to determine the required optical system design parameters. Advanced array on-chip functions will provide key lower-level functions, such as analog-to-digital conversion, windowing, velocity and spatial filtering, multi-frame averaging, star centroiding, high dynamic range, and individually addressable pixels. The system will dramatically reduce the mass and parts count of the sensor and uses the high-level processing capability of modern spacecraft computers and CMOS arrays. Phase I will yield the overall system design, define essential signal processing functions, and determine the radiation tolerance of the sensor. Phase II will result in the fabrication of a prototype sensor that will be bench tested in a laboratory. |
| NELSON ENGINEERING CO.
3655 Belle Arbor Titusville, FL 32780 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(321) 269-1113
Mr. David Ratliff DARPA 03-051 Awarded: 17NOV03 |
| Title: | Components for High Performance Nanosatellites |
| Abstract: | This proposal outlines the research and development of a Command and Data Handling (CDH) subsystem for a nano-satellite platform. The general strategy proposed in this document is to develop a cheap, reliable, and effective nano-satellite CDH subsystem that can be standardized to meet a wide variety of future missions. The CDH architecture must use state of the art technology, be scalable and expandable, be open to future developments, have wide availability of capabilities, conform to existing software and hardware standards, and have a proven reliability record. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Dr. Prakash B. Joshi DARPA 03-051 Awarded: 17NOV03 |
| Title: | Self-Regulating, Variable Area, Passive Radiator for Nanospacecraft Thermal Control |
| Abstract: | Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) and MicroSat Systems Inc. (MSI) propose a heat dissipation radiator suitable for a nanosatellite thermal control system. This unique approach utilizes a variable area bellows that can be self-regulated depending on internal (electronic components) heat generation and external (solar and earth radiation) heat input to the spacecraft. This device can be fabricated from extremely lightweight materials and controlled without external power sources. In addition, variable area radiators can be distributed on the spacecraft to reject locally generated heat efficiently. In the Phase I program, we will demonstrate the feasibility of the concept and fabricate a pre-prototype radiator. This radiator will be tested in vacuum and will include the key elements of the design. In Phase II, we plan to build a functioning prototype radiator. Such a system could be tested in space as a Phase III activity. |
| SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING CORP.(SPEC)
101 West Sixth Street, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 479-7732
Mr. Brad Sallee DARPA 03-051 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Nanosatellite Sensor Suite |
| Abstract: | A full 6 Degree of Freedom (D0F) control system for Nanosatellites would expand the functionality and potential uses of these small vehicles. This same technology can be used in the controlled deployment of targets and countermeasures for the MDA programs. The key component in a Nanosatellite 6 DOF control system is an earth referenced 6 DOF sensor suite. This allows long term, accurate pointing in addition to short-term high-speed maneuver sensing capability. Systems & Processes Engineering Corporation (SPEC) proposes to demonstrate an earth referenced 6 DOF sensor suite, combining their existing miniature 6 DOF high-speed data acquisition sensor system with a sensor concept developed for use on station keeping Satellite countermeasures. The result is a 3.75 cubic inch, low power dissipation, suite of sensors capable of short term, high speed lock down, inertial space positioning accuracy within 1 meter, and long term, zero drift, angular orientation to .3 degrees. The package uses MEMS accelerometers and a digital compass combined with GPS and uncooled 4Ÿ… earth horizon sensing. |
| TESSERA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3099 Orchard Drive San Jose, CA 95134 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 952-4361
Mr. Stuart Wilson DARPA 03-051 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Miniature Command and Data Handling Digital Subsystem Module for High Performance NanoSatellites |
| Abstract: | Tessera, Inc. will design a miniature Command and Data Handling (C&DH) subsystem module for use in nanosatellites. Working with requirements information supplied by nanosatellite systems experts, Tessera will apply stacked chip scale package (CSP) and system-in-a-package (SiP) designs to C&DH digital components to produce a module design for a very small, very dense C&DH digital subsystem building block that is flexible to be deployed to support a range of nanosatellite configurations. The module will significantly reduce complexity of the CD&H system, and hence demonstrate a highly effective approach to making nanosatellites more productive and cost-efficient. Package substrate designs for chip scale packages for the core subsystem components will be detailed. A SiP module substrate will be designed to accept and connect the component chip scale packages and provide interconnect to nanosatellite systems. The designs will be optimized using physical, electrical and thermal performance simulation modeling software. Tessera will develop cost estimates for the module using substrate and chip cost quotes from suppliers based on the package and module designs and manufacturing costs using an industry verified cost model. |
| TOWNSEND SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
1 Oak Hill Road Fitchburg, MA 01420 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 345-9090
Mr. Harry Clark DARPA 03-051 Awarded: 09DEC03 |
| Title: | Components for High Performance Nanosatellites |
| Abstract: | In this program we will mate the recent advances in thin film solar energy technology with state of the art, thin film capacitor technology to produce a monolithically integrated thin film solar rechargeable ultracapacitor. Our program will result in a device that will store large quantities of energy that will be recharged by the sun. We will succeed by monolithically fabricating dye sensitized solar cells with thin film ultracapacitor technology. To the best of our knowledge no other group in the world is working on this concept. This program will result in a commercial product that will have wide appeal for military, civilian and non-military government projects. Townsend Science & Engineering has reduced this technology to practice on Lexan thin film plastics. Even at modest efficiencies up to 1 kilowatt per kilogram charging capacity is possible in the near future |
| AEROASTRO, INC.
20145 Ashbrook Place Ashburn, VA 20147 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 723-9800
Mr. Scott McDermott DARPA 03-052 Awarded: 23DEC03 |
| Title: | Self-Contained Deorbit Package for Spacecraft |
| Abstract: | There was a time when the calculated probability that a Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) spacecraft might be struck by space debris was relatively small. Today that is not the case. With the quantity of debris presently in orbit, a spacecraft remaining in LEO for any appreciable length of time will be struck by space debris, most likely several times. At best the impact will simply puncture a non-essential piece of structure or perhaps degrade a solar array slightly; at worst it will cause a catastrophic failure of the spacecraft and generate additional debris. AeroAstro's solution is a robust, self-contained deorbiting aerobrake which will retire a space asset at the end of its useful lifetime. The Aerobrake Deorbiting System (ADS) would be attached before launch or on orbit to decommission a target spacecraft. In this Phase I effort, AeroAstro proposes to develop a conceptual design for a complete ADS including the aerobrake and other requisite systems. |
| INFORMATION SYSTEMS LABORATORIES, INC.
8130 Boone Blvd., Suite 500 Vienna, VA 22182 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 448-1116
Mr. David Kirk DARPA 03-092 Awarded: 15JAN04 |
| Title: | Advanced Monostatic and Bistatic Target Location Estimation Techniques |
| Abstract: | GMTI radar systems have long been plagued by poor cross range (azimuthal) resolution due to the long standoff range of the sensors and the limitations of aperture size and beamwidth. This problem is especially true at UHF frequencies due to the large physical aperture required to achieve reasonable beamwidths. ISL proposes a coherent sparse sensor network that will vastly improve both angle and range resolution of GMTI systems while limiting the required system bandwidth. In fact, a key advantage of the proposed technique is that the target localization achievable, both in range and cross range, is not limited by the bandwidth or aperture of the individual receiver systems employed in the sensor network. The objective of this program is to develop and demonstrate improved target location estimation based on coherent sparse aperture techniques for UHF GMTI radar. This will include an analysis of the expected system performance and the impact of system errors and real-world propagation and scattering on this performance. Phase I will conclude with a proof-of-principle demonstration of the concept based on site-specific simulations. |
| EDAPTIVE COMPUTING, INC.
1245 Lyons Road, Building G Dayton, OH 45458 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 433-0477
Mr. David L. Barton OSD 03-021 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Specification and Test Based Reverse Engineering of Low Level Code System (EDAMarksman) |
| Abstract: | There is an urgent need in the military to upgrade and re-implement low-level software embedded in operational weapon systems, despite the millions of lines of often undocumented code. EDAptive Computing, Inc. (ECI) presents an innovative solution to the problem of creating specifications from low level code, such as assembly and CMS-2. Our Specification and Test Based Reverse Engineering of Low Level Code System (EDAMarksman) program will apply a combination of formal specification, reverse engineering (compilation), and test generation to provide a specification-based system for testing. Specifically, we propose to utilize an iterative approach to 1) derive specifications from existing code using formal reverse engineering techniques, 2) derive tests from the specifications, 3) apply the tests to the original code and receive feedback, and 4) update the specifications based on test results. Tests produced from specifications will be used to validate the specifications, indicating where tests fail on the actual system, and guide the production of new specifications. The result of this solution will be a specification creation process that will be verified by the actual execution of the system, as guided by the generated specification. We will use a real-life Navy/DoD system as a candidate Phase I demonstration vehicle. |
| GRAMMATECH, INC.
317 N. Aurora Street Ithaca, NY 14850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(607) 273-7340
Dr. David Melski OSD 03-021 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Modernization of Legacy Software: Re-engineering Low-Level Code |
| Abstract: | As hardware platforms age, manufacturers are less willing to support them and related technologies. Legacy weapons systems must eventually be modernized. Re-implementation of the legacy software by hand is prohibitively expensive. A system is needed for automatically translating software written in obsolete languages like CMS-2 or assembly to a modern language like C. Previous attempts at translation have amounted to transliteration: the produced "high-level" code closely mimicks the low-level code, even using global variables for registers. Translators that do more than this often assume that the low-level code was generated by a compiler, and hence adheres to certain conventions; such assumptions do not hold for legacy code. GrammaTech is a leader in developing technology for the static analysis of software binaries. Furthermore, we are collaborating with leading researchers at the University of Wisconsin for in developing analyses for discovering malicious and/or buggy code in binaries. We will leverage this background to create breakthrough translation technology that: (1) produces high quality code; and (2) succeeds at translation where others fail. Our translator will be integrated with Northrop Grumman's state-of-the-art emulation technology, for those cases where translation is not possible. |
| INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, INC.
356 Storke Rd. Goleta, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 685-1006
Mr. Emmanuel Stapf OSD 03-021 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Extracting contracts for the safe reengineering of legacy software |
| Abstract: | Work on reengineering existing software has largely consisted of parsing existing code (machine of assembly), reconstructing the control flow and data flow, and providing hopefully equivalent behavior in a modern language. We propose a development complementing current approaches by focusing on the high-level picture: the *contracts* behind software elements, expressing their specifications, according to the widely influential methodology of Design by Contract developed by our company. The approach, applied to legacy software units, will yield: . Key abstractions of the software, leading to a modular structure conforming to modern views of modularity, in particular data abstraction and object technology. . For each software element, contracts expressing the purpose behind the implementation. Such a form of reengineering is intended to yield a form of the software that has strong modularity and precise specifications, and so is ready for further evolution and reuse, on a par with more recently written program elements benefitting from the full power of modern programming techniques. |
| MODELLION SYSTEMS, INC.
1335 Woodcliffe Dr Monroeville, PA 15146 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(412) 372-6933
Dr. Raj Rajkumar OSD 03-021 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Modernization of Legacy Software: Re-engineering Low-Level Code |
| Abstract: | We will design and prototype a tool to translate legacy real-time programs to modern languages running on modern real-time operating systems. Our technology will convert multi-tasking languages such as Ada 83 and Ada 95, high-level programming languages such as Jovial, and low-level assembly languages such as CMS-2. Legacy software will be first translated into a common intermediate format and then be translated into desired target languages such as C, C++ or Java, and even into reusable component models. Our tool shall automatically extract and model the concurrency and timing characteristics of legacy software. Converted software can therefore be directly subject to schedulability analysis and extensibility. Companion tools will enable independent functional and timing validation of the translated software. |
| SEMANTIC DESIGNS
12636 Research Blvd #C214 Austin, TX 78759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 250-1018
Dr. Michael Mehlich OSD 03-021 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Modernization of Legacy Software: Re-engineering Low-Level Code |
| Abstract: | The proposal describes a semi-automatic tool translating source code implemented in mixed low-level programming languages for obsolete hardware platforms into more easily understandable source code implemented in modern high-level programming languages for modern hardware platforms by (1) parsing the textual representation of the source code into a syntax tree, (2) translating the syntax tree into a control- and data-flow graph, (3) removing accidential implementation details from the control- and data-flow representation, (4) recognizing concepts, which are defined by software engineers using the notations of the involved programming languages, in the resulting control- and data-flow graph by performing graph matching, (5) translating the source syntax tree into a target syntax tree by abstracting the recognized concepts, reimplementing them in the target language, and translating the remainder of the source code using straightforward syntactic transformation rules, and (6) formatting the target syntax tree into a textural reprentation. The proposed phase I work consists of initial research laying the foundations to develop such an automated translation tool. It will build upon an existing program analysis and transformation system infrastructure. |
| CODESOURCERY, LLC
9978 Granite Point Ct. Granite Bay, CA 95746 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(916) 791-8304
Mr. Mark Mitchell OSD 03-022 Awarded: 04DEC03 |
| Title: | High Performance Object Oriented Software for Parallel Embedded Systems |
| Abstract: | The hardware used to perform vector, signal, and image-processing computations is becoming increasing parallel. This parallelism is present both at the low level (in the form of Single Instruction Multiple Data instructions in the microprocessors) and at the high level (in the form of multiple processors in a single machine.) We suggest making modifications and enhancements to VSIPL++ (a highly abstract C++ library being developed by the DoD) to take advantage of both forms of parallelism. Our objective is to demonstrate that VSIPL++ can run as fast as VSIPL, despite its heavy use of high-level abstractions and object-oriented technologies. |
| COHERENT LOGIX, INC.
101 West 6th Street, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 479-7732
Mr. Jan Garmany OSD 03-022 Awarded: 04DEC03 |
| Title: | Self-Optimizing Parallel Implementation of the VSIPL++ Standard (SOI) |
| Abstract: | Coherent Logix, Incorporated (CLX) proposes to develop a self-optimizing parallel implementation of the VSIPL++ specification. This implementation will include a configuration tool that automatically extracts critical performance parameters from the target system and a template-metaprogrammed C++ implementation that automatically tunes the VSIPL++ software based upon the values of these parameters. This combination will enable both highly-efficient and highly-portable implementations of VSIPL++. During Phase I of the program, CLX will target a subset of the standard, provide a prototype implementation for this subset and will evaluate the appropriate parallel performance models and metrics to be used in a complete implementation. Phase II will include a full implementation and supplemental tools to further enhance the performance of Signal and Image Processing (SIP) applications. |
| MPI SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY, INC.
101 S. Lafayette #33 Starkville, MS 39759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(662) 320-4300
Mr. Brian Chase OSD 03-022 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | High Performance Object Oriented Software for Parallel Embedded Systems |
| Abstract: | This Phase 1 SBIR Proposal entitled "Object Oriented Techniques for Parallel Embedded Computing" offers an examination of the problems associated with Object Oriented Technology and High Performance libraries or frameworks. An attempt is made to show that object oriented technologies need not be discounted when developers look for tools to solve problems requiring high levels of performance with low resource utilization overheads. Under this solicitation, Proposer will examine existing facilities such as POOMA, PETE and related technologies and the methods by which they work around performance problems that are inherent in C++. Proposer will identify techniques that yield the desired outcomes of both elegant expression and efficient performance of object oriented code. Proposer will obtain libraries such as PETE, POOMA, BLITZ, and FACT! for the purpose of evaluating their effectiveness in the distributed, embedded arena. Proposer will study and contrast the design of these tools in comparison to Proposer's own C++ VSIPL engine. Consultations with customers such as Lockheed Martin will yield test cases that can be used to make an appraisal of the various technologies. In conclusion, Proposer will make recommendations regarding which sets of tools and methodologies will best optimize VSIPL functionality and provide performance predictive capabilities for embedded systems. |
| PENTUM GROUP, INC.
846 Hollenbeck Ave. Sunnyvale, CA 94087 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 502-4712
Dr. Henk Spaanenburg OSD 03-022 Awarded: 04DEC03 |
| Title: | SystemVSIPL: Optimized Object Oriented Software Technology for Heterogeneous Computing |
| Abstract: | Pentum Group, Inc. proposes to implement SystemVSIPL by writing the VSIPL/VSIPL++ libraries and templates in the SystemC system development language. SystemC has been developed for complex electronic and real-time systems design, implementation, and verification. As an extension of C++, SystemC has all the benefits of Object-Oriented programming for efficient software development productivity, while its key features to support event synchronization and parallelism allow for the creation of very efficient and high performance parallel applications. SystemVSIPL will result in better optimizations and greater efficiency for modern multi-threaded COTS processors and complex heterogeneous systems. Since SystemC is a also used commercially for high-level firmware and hardware design, a SystemC approach will result in tighter integration across the whole design space from chip to software application. Most of all, SystemVSIPL should result in code that meets the needs for real-time response. |
| EDAPTIVE COMPUTING, INC.
1245 Lyons Road, Building G Dayton, OH 45458 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 433-0477
Mr. David L. Barton OSD 03-023 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Design for Error Management (ErrorX) |
| Abstract: | EDAptive Computing, Inc. (ECI) and Lockheed Martin Missile and Fire Control Group (Lockheed) present a proposal to design and implement robust error handling techniques in aircraft, shipboard, and other complex mission-critical systems. Our Design for Error Management (ErrorX) program provides a new design paradigm allowing the user to unambiguously describe correct system behavior at a high level of abstraction; model error conditions; specify possible repair strategies; generate tests to detect when error conditions occur; and correct those error conditions whenever possible. Specifically, ErrorX leverages a standards-based System Level Design Language (SLDL) called Rosetta, ECI's system design/block diagram editor called SyscapeT, ECI's VectorGenT - automated test vector generation tool, a system-monitoring engine for test application and error detection, and our team's significant experience with military, aerospace, and commercial engineering system management and development. The ErrorX approach will provide significant time and cost savings to the DoD, and increase the safety and reliability of complex software systems. The resultant gains in the quality of software error handling will make a direct contribution to the robustness of mission-critical DoD applications. Our Phase I solution will provide an easy transition to full-scale functionality in Phase II and will generate a product with significant commercial potential. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
7519 Standish Place, Suite 200 Rockville, MD 20855 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 294-5250
Dr. Leonard Haynes OSD 03-023 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Error Handling Based on Software Agent Technology |
| Abstract: | In order to build complex software systems that are highly reliable, it is essential that the software conform to a rigid structure that bounds the types of errors that can occur at each point in the software. IAI has spent nearly a decade developing complex software systems based on autonomous software agents. In these systems, each agent has its own thread of control, and interacts with other agents via message passing. This structure is particularly well suited to advanced error detecting and error handling methods because errors associated with the interaction between agents can be separated from the errors related to each individual agent. Additionally, any errors caused by side effects or by data intended to be used by more than one agent must occur through the content of explicit messages. We have developed a rigid structure for these agents and within that structure, have developed a tool that proves the correctness of the design against a set of important errors. However, at this point the tool has no services to assist in debugging, and no services to support run time error checking or error handling. The work herein proposed will develop these features for our agent-based software CASE tool. |
| KESTREL TECHNOLOGY LLC
3260 Hillview Ave. Palo Alto, CA 94304 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 320-8888
Dr. Douglas Smith OSD 03-023 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Error Handling Techniques for Robust Mission Critical Software |
| Abstract: | We will study the feasibility to build a tool, called HandlErr, which automatically enhances readable but non-robust programs with code to handle unhandled errors, according to user-specified error handling policies, thus making the programs robust. HandlErr performs a static analysis of the given program via data flow analysis, complemented by automated reasoning tools, to detect potentially unhandled errors. HandlErr reads declarative error handling policies that are specified by the user using a domain-specific language to be developed as part of HandlErr. HandlErr automatically enhances the program with error handling code to handle unhandled errors according to the user-specified policies. If the input program includes annotations like loop invariants and pre/post-conditions (e.g. as resulting from a formal refinement process of the program from high-level specifications), HandlErr performs a more accurate analysis of unhandled errors; however, annotations are not required. |
| SOHAR, INC.
5731 W. Slauson Ave., , Suite 175 Culver City, CA 90230 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 338-0990
Dr. Herb Hecht OSD 03-023 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Error Handling Techniques for Robust Mission Critical Software |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a method and tool that will formalize and streamline error handling already at the very earliest stages of software design. We propose to tackle this problem at the level of object oriented design in a commonly used modeling language, the Unified Modeling Language, UML. Our scheme includes the development of formal error handling notation as an extension to UML (Robust UML) and interpreting error handling models with the use of a Timed Petri Net simulation. The tool we will develop: Robust UML Simulation tool (RUSim) will formalize & streamline the approach to error handling on the one hand, while also improving coverage of exceptional condition identification on the other. The pillars include: 1. Error handling notations: notations will be defined as extensions to UML that will include error condition identification, error handling roles and error coverage. 2. Automated translation of a UML design, including the exception handling aspects, to a Timed Petri Net (TPN) model for full and complete analysis of "unsafe markings" in the net. 3. Online Petri Net Analysis resulting in translation of "unsafe markings" in the net to error conditions that can occur to the software as is implemented in the design model. |
| WW TECHNOLOGY GROUP
4519 Mustering Drum Ellicott City, MD 21042 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 418-4353
Dr. Chris J. Walter OSD 03-023 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Error Handling for Large-Scale Software Systems |
| Abstract: | Our proposed Phase I effort is to characterize, in a formal framework, the enabling methods and technologies required for error handling operations. The theoretical base offered in our approach provides a rich framework and comprehensive design and analysis space encompassing the range of fault/error models. A set of fault detection and isolation principles will be established and notation with an associated group of approaches developed for extending, modifying, augmenting or interfacing to various system elements techniques in large-scale software architectures. The concept of error containment regions enables specification and analysis properties to be put in place which can be evaluated and measured. The approach develops a framework that can be communicated to designers and users to make the error handling process more efficient and improve policy decisions. With these concepts in place, it is possible to construct fault tolerant systems from intolerant components. The approach is consistent with the use of custom designs or integrated COTS products and software repositories. |
| 0 DB CODING, INC.
3 Annette Drive Athens, OH 45701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(740) 594-2308
Dr. Jeffrey C. Dill OSD 03-025 Awarded: 03DEC03 |
| Title: | Fast, Flexible, Adaptive Channel Coding with Near-Shannon-Limit Performance |
| Abstract: | The work proposed here presents a novel approach to channel coding which will provide flexibility and robustness which are necessary to alleviate many significant limitations in current RF communication systems. The proposed approach is entitled Tail-Biting Circular-Trellis Block Coding (TBC2). This family of coding methods provides unique advantages in the tactical military communication environment and in fact achieves the required fast, flexible, adaptive channel coding with near-Shannon limit performance. In particular, the coding approach presented here provides the following key advantages over other approaches: 1. Near-Shannon Limit bit error performance 2. Low latency, achieved by using very short codewords 3. High adaptivity in the dynamic selection of codeword size and code rate 4. Efficient decoding, using a highly parallel decoding algorithm and few iterations Taken together, the features of this code will provide a new level of agility and robustness for future battlefield communication systems, allowing the system to adapt to the highly dynamic nature of channel characteristics, quality of service requirements, latency requirements, and available frequency bands. |
| EFFICIENT CHANNEL CODING
600 Safeguard Plaza, Suite 100 Brookyln Hts, OH 44131 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(216) 635-1610
Dr. Fan Mo OSD 03-025 Awarded: 03DEC03 |
| Title: | Fast, Flexible, Adaptive Channel Coding with Near-Shannon-Limit Performance |
| Abstract: | For Phase I, ECC proposes to design a new type of LDPC codes optimized for the unique requirements of adaptive systems. The new set of adaptive codes will be designed with a common, parent-type of code that will comprise the core of our unique, highly efficient and low complexity encoder and decoder. The design will make it possible for fast on-the-fly switching while providing a set of codes that offers the performance characteristics required for varying practical channel conditions. We will also research the code designs and select codes required to accommodate other advanced techniques used in advanced communication systems, such as high order modulation, Space Time Coding (STC) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). |
| XENOTRAN LLC
898 Airport Park Road, Suite 205 Glen Burnie, MD 21061 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 761-2445
Dr. Kevin J. Page OSD 03-025 Awarded: 03DEC03 |
| Title: | Fast, Flexible, Adaptive Channel Coding with Near-Shannon-Limit Performance |
| Abstract: | Xenotran proposes to design a Forward Error Correction (FEC) device that is flexible and adaptive to changing communications needs. The FEC is based upon High-Dimensional Circular Trellis Coded Modulation (HDCTCM) and takes advantage of recent developments in iterative coding techniques. The underlying HDCTCM allows for dynamic trade-offs in latency, bandwidth, and spreading codes. A highly flexible FEC device, as proposed herein, will be paramount for the development of future communication systems. The implications to RF spectrum management are significant. The RF spectrum, which is currently partitioned according to frequency in a one-dimensional manner, could be managed dynamically as a multidimensional object of frequency, time, spreading code, and space. |
| ANDRO COMPUTATIONAL SOLUTIONS, LLC
Beeches Technical Campus, Bldg. 3, Ste. 4, 7902 Tu Rome, NY 13440 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 334-1163
Mr. Andrew L. Drozd OSD 03-026 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | BEYOND SPECTRUM: Multiobjective Joint Optimization for Efficient Utilization of the Radio Frequency Transmission Hypercube |
| Abstract: | Electromagnetic (EM) propagation at RF frequencies is currently governed by a one-dimensional "real estate" approach to allocation of frequency bands, where the licensee has specific legal right to transmit within a band. The entire spectrum from 3 kHz to 30 GHz is currently allocated in this fashion. Unfortunately, this "set-it-and-forget-it" management scheme is straining under the immense pressure of exponentially increasing demand by burgeoning numbers of various types of wireless devices, spanning commercial and military applications all the way from short range home networks and cordless phones to the global information grid. Given the finite nature of the RF frequency spectrum and the fact that it is fully allocated, it is desired that alternative approaches to management of the resource be developed. This proposed effort is to develop innovative concepts for spectrum management that enables the effective and efficient joint utilization of all orthogonal EM transmission resources, including, but not limited to, time, frequency, geographic space, modulation/code, and polarization. This multi-dimensional environment is hereafter referred to as the Transmission Hypercube (TH), a term intended to convey the notion of a multi-dimensional resource space (with n "degrees of freedom" expressed as an n-tuple) in which each dimension allows orthogonality amongst users. Since there are multiple "dimensions" available in the RF transmission "space" and since these dimensions (RF resources) number greater than three, the term Hypercube is invoked. Currently, there are no known technological approaches to RF transmission in spectrum management that consider all five of these dimensions jointly, and certainly none that consider them in the context of a system optimization problem. This research project is aimed at developing approaches that consider the multi-dimensional nature of the transmission space, the results of which are expected to garner several orders of magnitude improvement in RF resource utilization and therefore, aggregate information throughput. The research will investigate the exploitation of optimization and orthogonality schemes that allow for multiple users to operate without interference. These include considerations for time slicing, frequency division multiplexing, directional antenna arrays, spread spectrum codes, and polarization. Conceivable approaches to a system for joint optimization of the multiple orthogonalizing transmission parameters will show that no two users are transmitting at the same time, even though they may be using the same frequency in the same space with the same exact spread spectrum code. Similar illustrations can be given in the case of a spatially orthogonalized system in terms of transmit beam patterns that do not overlap and cross-polarized waves in ideal cases. The innovation research will center on the application of multiobjective joint optimization and control system algorithms assisted by knowledge base technologies, novel frequency/time-domain interference rejection models, and waveform diversity techniques to study dimensional "synergy" and "prioritize" the TH cell dimensions. Also, joint time-frequency transforms will be considered. These approaches will encompass existing policies and ideas being pursued in Government, academia, and industry, the subset of which includes the obvious solutions such as: a single centralized global broker of TH cells, multiple distributed and coordinated local brokers of TH cells for local users, d-hoc "mesh" networking, fixed assignment, and hybrid approaches. This research supports the advancement and application of Information Systems Technology for decision-making, modeling and simulation technology, information management assurance and distribution; seamless communication; and computing and software technology. The motivation for this research has been the FCC's thrusts to reform current national spectrum policy, spearheaded by the President's Spectrum Policy Initiative and the formation of the Spectrum Policy Task Force. |
| ENGENIUM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
4220 Eagles Wing Ct. Ellicott City, MD 21042 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 908-8003
Dr. Mike Pascale OSD 03-026 Awarded: 02DEC03 |
| Title: | BEYOND SPECTRUM: Multiobjective Joint Optimization for Efficient Utilization of the Radio Frequency Transmission Hypercube |
| Abstract: | Current generation communications systems already support multiple channel operation, store and forward relay functionality, and variable data rate features. What is lacking is a robust ad-hoc networking protocol that efficiently utilizes the multiple channels over time and over spatially distributed nodes to effectively communicate. The protocol should embrace the ability of nodes to bridge from one to another so that nodes that are not within direct communication range of each other can communicate. It will be shown in the sections that follow that the physical, data link, and networking layers in inextricably joined if maximum network utilization is sought. The objective of this proposal is to initiate the development of an approach and a practical implementation to the efficient use of resources among a network of RF communication systems. |
| ROCKFISH RESEACH
10210 Pepperhill Lane Richmond, VA 23233 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(804) 740-8287
Mr. Chris Argenta OSD 03-026 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | An Intelligent and Flexible Transmission Hypercube Information Model |
| Abstract: | This Phase I project investigates the dual use potential of advanced information modeling technology in supporting distributed management of the Transmission Hypercube (TH) resources. Rockfish Research specializes in innovative technologies for the modeling, simulation, visualization, and automation of complex system dynamics. We intend to investigate and evaluate innovative methods of distributing, visualizing, and automating aspects of the TH. Our approach is based on developing a component-oriented TH Information Model (THIM) that can easily be supplemented, in a plug-n-play manner, as new model elements, rules, and capabilities are developed to manage the TH. By separating engine and model, we believe that this underlying modeling system can be commercialized to support a wide variety of modeled system domains. |
| THE RIGHT STUFF OF TAHOE, INC.
The Right Place, 3341 Adler Court Reno, NV 89503 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(775) 322-5186
Dr. Laurence E. LaForge OSD 03-026 Awarded: 04DEC03 |
| Title: | Voronoi-Hamming Algorithms for Optimizing Channel Selection From the Radio Frequency Transmission Hypercube |
| Abstract: | Advancing and applying our recent NASA-sponsored research for deep space avionics, we propose to develop new algorithms which - provably, autonomously, and in the presence of faults i) optimize the selection of channels from the radio frequency Transmission Hypercube, as it is termed in the OSD03-026 solicitation, in order to ii) connect healthy nodes into a working network quorum, and iii) keep them connected. To this end, we crystallize objectives for channel capacity (throughput) and latency (packet delay) in the language of optimization. Maximizing aggregate Shannon capacity (Eqns (11), (12)), our scalable algorithms will adaptively activate and deactivate channels, subject to constraints on channel bandwidth, number of channels, and per-band limits on signal power and noise. Similarly, and in the presence of faulty nodes and channels, our distributed algorithms will minimize latency (network radius or diameter, Eqn (1)). Where throughput and latency can be viewed as constraints, our algorithms will also solve dual problems whose objective is to minimize consumption of channel resources, such as power (Eqn (13)). Our approach blends information theory with breakthroughs in the mathematics of connectivity, especially 1.2.6) optimal routing enabled by Hamming graphs and 1.2.7) Voronoi algorithms from computational geometry. |
| TOYON RESEARCH CORP.
Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 968-6787
Dr. Richard E. Cagley OSD 03-026 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | BEYOND SPECTRUM: Multiobjective Joint Optimization for Efficient Utilization of the Radio Frequency Transmission Hypercube |
| Abstract: | The wireless spectrum is a limited natural resource that is extensively used by a large number of users with diverse interests. Currently, this spectrum is allocated on a "set and forget" methodology whereby users or institutions are given exclusive rights to specific slices of this resource. It is desired that alternative management schemes be put into place that more efficiently utilize the wireless spectrum whereby it is treated as a multi-dimensional resource. This hypercube strategy will build upon the current one dimensional frequency separation to include time, space, modulation/coding, and polarization. Toyon proposes to provide an overview of how the spectrum is currently accessed, general strategies for increasing the efficiency of spectrum use, technical means of achieving these gains, and measures for quantifying whether one strategy should be used over another. This work will focus on general strategies for how radar and communications systems jointly optimize their use of the different dimensions of the transmission hypercube. In many cases, such systems will be able to sense available resources and be robust against interference. A Phase II effort will involve indepth analysis and simulation, with possible prototype deployment, of a select set of systems proposed in Phase I. |
| 21ST CENTURY SYSTEMS, INC.
12152 Windsor Hall Way Herndon, VA 20170 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(402) 505-7883
Mr. Jeffrey D. Hicks OSD 03-027 Awarded: 30DEC03 |
| Title: | Webster |
| Abstract: | In response to SBIR solicitation OSD03-027, 21st Century Systems, Inc. (21CSI) is pleased to propose investigating and developing a software agent system organized in a hierarchically networked architecture that incorporates use of multiple existing systems into a high-level information fusion system, entitled "Webster." Webster combines multidisciplinary expertise for the integration and inference of information products with quantification of data certainty and source reliability. As an agent-based information service enabler, special attention will be given to functionalities that retrieve, filter, analysis, and fuse information that are time sensitive and critical to counter-terrorist operations from accessing and sharing intelligence-based secure sources, web-based open sources, and field sources. Webster will employ two major technologies initiated at 21CSI namely, a Hierarchical Collective Agent Network (HCAN) architecture and a Hybrid Intrinsic Cellular Inference Network (HICIN) paradigm. HCAN Agents are responsible for overall supervision, scheduling, coordination, and execution of information retrieving, filtering, analysis, and fusion tasks. HICIN is an information integration engine embedded with advanced reasoning and uncertainty handling mechanisms. It takes a strong, multidisciplinary team to cover such a diverse problem domain as homeland defense. 21CSI has brought together the best in computing, cultural modeling, operations, and algorithms to meet the challenge. |
| 21ST CENTURY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
11675 Jollyville Road, Suite 300 Austin, TX 78759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 342-0010
Dr. Sherry Marcus OSD 03-027 Awarded: 08JAN04 |
| Title: | Information Fusion System for Counter-Terrorism Operations |
| Abstract: | In this Phase I SBIR , we shall demonstrate, the Integrated Fusion Dashboard, a system that can fuse uncertainties from multi-source data sets using two distinct detection mechanisms. To ensure that the fused product makes sense to the counter-terrorism analyst, we are pleased to have Mr. Craig Robinson, a decorated and retired 30 year veteran of the DIA to evaluate the results 21st Century Technologies has developed two detection methods to detect possible terrorist activity. TMODS, Terrorist Modus Operandi detection system, contains graph pattern matching and social network analysis detection capabilities that has been developed on multiple projects for DARPA (EELD, Genoa II, TIA programs), and Rome Laboratories and inserted into operational facilities at the DIA, Terrorist Information Awareness Center (TIA), and NYPD Counter Terrorism Division. In this Phase I effort, we shall compute and fuse uncertainties from these detection mechanisms. In the Phase I effort, we shall focus on open source data as a proof of concept with later extensions to multi-source data sets. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
6 New England Executive Park Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 284-8444
Dr. William H. Bennett OSD 03-027 Awarded: 21JAN04 |
| Title: | Confident Declaration Fusion Methods for Intelligence Processing of Relational Evidence |
| Abstract: | Developing confident fused estimates derived by combining multi-source data (e.g. sensor data, human intelligence reports and open-source data) is a challenge for intelligence analysts. Data that can provide evidence about terrorist network operations are sparse, uncertain, disparate, and can include both misinformation and disinformation. In particular, open source data is often uncorroborated and has incomplete or unknown pedigree. Intelligence analysts need improved information fusion capabilities that can 1) detect/recognize patterns that indicate operations of terrorist networks while 2) characterizing the uncertainty of pattern recognition consistent with the uncertainty of the evidence. This effort will develop a consistent confidence assessment capability based on analytical methods that are independent of the cognitive assessments of human intelligence analysts. Our Phase I effort will lead to improved models of terrorist networks that characterize uncertainty, enabling improved fusion of uncertain information for counter-terrorist operations. ALPHATECH proposes an innovative approach in developing a confidence assessment capability for information fusion of evidence on terrorist operations by applying the theory of complex networks to model the uncertainty in information sources and pedigree. To facilitate this effort, we will leverage an existing ALPHATECH prototype system for fusing relational evidence to establish link detection for counter-terrorist operations. |
| APTIMA, INC.
12 Gill Street, Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 763-1284
Dr. Kari Chopra OSD 03-027 Awarded: 21JAN04 |
| Title: | Infusiun: A Decision Support System for Intelligence Fusion and Uncertainty Analysis |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop the Infusiun decision support tool to provide quantitative support to counter-terrorism analysts performing Level 3 information fusion (Threat Assessment) from open-source and human intelligence. The focus of our effort is on providing intelligence analysts with methods to manage uncertainty of information and generate quantitative measures of the validity of their assessments. We represent each intelligence source as providing evidence from which the analyst will, in combination with evidence drawn from other sources, seek to draw conclusions about the status and intent of a terrorist organization. Our method will provide the analyst with a multi-dimensional measure of the confidence level of these conclusions based on the following three properties: ú Robustness: the extent to which the conclusions are based on multiple independent sources of information; ú Reliability: the extent to which the conclusions are based on intelligence determined to be accurate and reliable; ú Strength: the extent to which the conclusions are supported by the evidence reported in the intelligence sources. We propose an innovative approach that draws upon techniques from social network theory, reliability theory, fuzzy logic, and belief theory to integrate empirical measures of validity with the judgment and expertise of the analyst. |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC.
625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Dr. Subrata K. Das OSD 03-027 Awarded: 16JAN04 |
| Title: | Decision Aid for Counter-Terrorist Analysts (DACTA) |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop and demonstrate a Decision Aid for Counter-Terrorist Analysts (DACTA) by fusing and aggregating information from distributed sources. The DACTA architecture integrates a key decision aiding module with two supporting modules for information visualization and scenario simulation. The decision-aiding module provides the key decision-support functionalities at multiple levels: 1) low-level fusion of data into task-relevant information, supporting skill-based processing; 2) aggregation of information providing high-level abstraction of task-relevant knowledge, supporting rule-based processing; and 3) response recommendations based on the current context and prior knowledge, supporting knowledge-based processing. Robust performance is assured through the use of complementary artificial intelligence (AI) techniques (e.g., fuzzy logic, belief networks, probabilistic argumentation), thus providing strong foundations for quantifying uncertainty associated with terrorist threat assessment results from DACTA. The visualization module displays the information produced by the decision-aiding module in a format best suited to the current task, and the analyst's decision-making style and training. DACTA will incorporate a simulation environment supporting speculative analysis and exploration of model-generated hypotheses, via realistic simulated terrorist attack events. We intend to rapidly develop a prototype based on our in-house fusion and belief network engines, and demonstrate its validity in the context of a bioterrorism scenario. |
| SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS CO., INC.
500 West Cummings Park - Ste 3000 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 933-5355
Dr. Adel El-Fallah OSD 03-027 Awarded: 08JAN04 |
| Title: | Unified Robust-Bayes Multisource Counter-Terrorism Fusion |
| Abstract: | If the states and information sources for counter-terrorism problems were like those associated with conventional sensor/target problems, then they could be solved using a systematic and proven mathematical methodology---the Bayes filter. This filter provides an explicit methodology for modeling uncertainties, propagating these uncertainties through time, and extracting estimates of desired quantities (as well as measures of reliability of those estimates) that correctly reflect the influence of system uncertainties. The ambiguousness of human intelligence information sources and of A PRIORI human cultural context would seem to automatically preclude the feasibility of the Bayes filter in counter-terrorism applications. Scientific Systems Company, Inc. (SSCI) and its subcontractor Lockheed Martin Tactical Systems (LMTS) believe that this may not be the case. Certain more conventional DoD problems---force structure analysis and single-target filtering using unconventional information (natural language, inference rules)---can be addressed using Bayes filter methods, and these problems bear a family resemblance to counter-terrorism applications. Consequently, we propose the investigation of a novel Bayes-filter information-fusion approach to counter-terrorism applications that both hedges against, and accounts for, inherent uncertainties. Specific Phase I tasks are: (1) develop a theoretical/mathematical/algorithmic foundation; (2) design high-level techniques for modeling states and measurements; (3) develop high-level designs for mathematical algorithms, including uncertainty assessment; (4) design potential test simulations; (5) develop implementation, simulation, and test plan; (6) develop a detailed plan for further analysis and implementation in a Phase II effort. The project team includes Dr. Ronald Mahler of Lockheed Martin. Lockheed Martin will provide both technical and commercialization support in the application of counter-terrorism technologies. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
951 Mariner's Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 545-3533
Mr. Matt Broadhead OSD 03-027 Awarded: 30DEC03 |
| Title: | Improving Information Fusion Capabilities through the Explicit and Pervasive Consideration of Uncertainty |
| Abstract: | A variety of forces have led to decreases in the average experience of intelligence analysts. This shift is an incredibly important development since a lack of experience has been strongly linked to: failures in locating key information sources; the incorporation of faulty information in reports; and the premature closing of investigations. To help mitigate these impacts and generally improve intelligence analysis capabilities we propose an approach to information fusion that employs an integrated probabilistic framework in order to explicitly account for disparate indicators of uncertainty and thereby improve human decision making. The use of this integrated framework, in which information extraction and fusion decisions are made with a common pool of evidence and inference procedures, will also allow much richer forms of inference than possible with the current state of the art technologies. To further extend the reach of the proposed system, Assure, to higher level fusion tasks, we will employ a mixed-initiative interaction paradigm that will enable a form of cooperative information fusion and uncertainty analysis. Phase I research and development of a limited prototype will provide a solid foundation for the complete implementation of Assure in Phase II and its eventual commercialization. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
6 New England Executive Park Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-3388
Dr. Gregory S. Lauer OSD 03-028 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Information Uncertainty Portrayal |
| Abstract: | The information age has produced a flood of information to system operators and decision-makers in a multitude of application domains. Each piece of data that feeds a system can produce complex interactions with other data in the scenario. This project will examine the uncertainty associated with data that describes a battlefield awareness scenario and will determine techniques for visualizing these uncertainties with the goal of aiding in the decisions that a commander must make. This work will draw upon previous ALPHATECH work, including the outputs of tracking, automatic target recognition, and information fusion software algorithms, for the generation of data and uncertainty information. A scientific experimental procedure will be used to guide a group of mock decision-makers through a series of experiments. Results of the experiments will be analyzed, with the goal of extracting those visualization techniques that work across the information domains tested. We will also extrapolate of the results of the experiments to non-military domains. Universal concepts for visualizing uncertainty will complete domain specific concepts, resulting in a demonstration of the most promising visualization techniques identified. |
| ATC - NY
33 Thornwood Drive, Suite 500 Ithaca, NY 14850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(607) 257-1975
Dr. Robert Joyce OSD 03-028 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Interactive Display of Probabilistic Geo-Spatial Information |
| Abstract: | Systems that integrate and present data from multiple sources often ignore the probabilistic uncertain nature of the information they are handling. Such systems are often designed with pre-determined thresholds or other algorithms to make binary go/no-go decisions, rather than presenting the entire picture and all data sources. Indeed, simply displaying all information sources and uncertainties used in making a calculation can be unwieldy and confusing to decision makers. ATC-NY, in collaboration with Architecture Technology Corporation, will design and build uVIZ, an intuitive, interactive visualization system to display uncertain information associated with both raw data sources and derived information. uVIZ will provide a layered view, where users can select the level of detail displayed about any particular piece of information: single values that are the result of estimation algorithms, modeling error distributions, and so forth, all the way down to raw sensor error information and human observations. As information uncertainty generally increases as observations age, existing probabilistic models that incorporate time can also be employed, allowing visualization of past or future scenarios as well as time-lapse animations. |
| BMA ENGINEERING, INC.
11429 Palatine Drive Potomac, MD 20854 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 299-9375
Dr. Bilal M. Ayyub OSD 03-028 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Information Uncertainty Portrayal |
| Abstract: | The objective of Phase I: identify and develop innovative methods for portraying information for decision makers so that data uncertainty and content are readily understood. The specific objectives of the proposed effort are: 1. Review the present practice of visualizing uncertainty in battlefield data; 2. Examine the use of various visualization methods, as discussed in Section 1, for various uncertainty and ignorance types as defined in Figure 2; 3. Develop methods for visualizing uncertainty based on our ignorance hierarchy; 4. Incorporate our risk management process in the development of these methods; 5. Define, format, and collect the data needed to support these methods; 6. Demonstrate the effectiveness of the methods, especially concerning improvement in the ability to make more appropriate (right or correct) decisions; 7. Develop a plan for Phase II of the SBIR effort in the form of prototype products with a high potential for successful commercialization. We will develop innovative methods for portraying information for decision makers, so that data uncertainty and content are readily understood, based on our unique hierarchy of ignorance. The visualization developed visualization methods will satisfy the following principles: (1) apprehension, (2) clarity, (3) consistency, (4) efficiency, (5) necessity, and (6) truthfulness. The following icon attributes can be used to communicate information about uncertainty and ignorance: (1) form, (2) orientation, (3) color, (4) texture, (5) value, (6) size, (7) position, (8) motion, (9) intensity, (10) shading, and (11) special effects, such blinking, animation, etc. We will further develop our unique Ignoriconsc, and perform the following tasks: (1) Define the types of ignorance and uncertainty; (2) Identify visualization requirements for battlefields; (3) Develop visualization methods; (4) Incorporate our risk mitigation tools in developing the methods; (5) Development a variety of Ignoriconsc; (6) Define data needed to select and format Ignoricons; (7) Demonstrate models; and (8) Develop a plan for Phase II of the SBIR. |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC.
625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Dr. Jonathan Pfautz OSD 03-028 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Acquiring representations of Meta-information to Enhance Battlespace Awareness (AMEBA) |
| Abstract: | Modern battlespaces are characterized by large amounts of complex information that must be rapidly processed by the decision-maker. Part of this complexity is due to meta-information, or, characteristics of information such as uncertainty, staleness, etc. that add to the decision-making burden. Knowledge regarding this meta-information, and methods for effectively portraying it, have the potential of not only relieving the decision-maker's workload, but also encouraging more battlespace-aware decisions. To support meta-information visualization, we propose to design and prototype a system for Acquiring representations of Meta-information to Enhance Battlespace Awareness (AMEBA). Three core components characterize the proposed process. First, we will perform a cognitive task analysis of a selected set of case studies to develop a principled categorization of the key types and sources of information and meta-information, to identify the meta-information required by the decision-maker, and to identify display elements in existing military systems. Second, we will design and prototype a toolkit for augmenting incoming data with the identified meta-information types and rapidly creating new meta-information visualization methods and interfaces. This toolkit will support integration of prototype visualization methods with existing DoD display systems. Third, we will develop an evaluation methodology, including metrics of the utility of each meta-information visualization technique. |
| SA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
4731 East Forest Peak Marietta, GA 30066 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(601) 898-9053
Dr. Jennifer Riley OSD 03-028 Awarded: 08DEC03 |
| Title: | Information Uncertainty Portrayal |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop novel representations of uncertain command and control (C2) data that will be semantically rich and support quick, accurate mental visualizations of battle states. We will analyze current information visualization methods and human-centered design principles to support situation awareness and decision making of intelligence officers for providing the commander with a complete and timely understanding of the opposition force. Information visualization and graphical methods will be evaluated to assess their utility for application or adaptability to various types of C2 data. We will also describe approaches for heuristically and empirically investigating the usability and usefulness of information portrayals developed as part of the Phase I research. Metrics for assessing the quality of the portrayals will be developed. Phase II work will involve development of a prototype of an information visualization system that can provide the user (intelligence officer and commander) with a customizable operating picture of the battlespace and the ability to easily locate, integrate, and comprehend information from distributed sources of varying reliability. Work from Phase I will also provide initial support for the development of a domain and task specific ontology and user guide for the conceptual system. |
| SECURBORATION, INC.
695 Sanderling Dr Indialantic, FL 32903 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(321) 591-9836
Mr. Lee Krause OSD 03-028 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Information Uncertainty Portrayal |
| Abstract: | Securboration Inc., teaming with Dr. Eugene Santos of the University of Connecticut, is pleased to propose our innovative approach for visualizing and assessing uncertainty entitled, Uncertainty Prediction System (UPSYS). During the phase one effort we plan to demonstrate how the innovative UPSYS technology can be applied to supports visualization and assessment of event uncertainty within the context of Predictive Battlespace Awareness (PBA) as shown in figure 1. UPSYS consist of four main components: 1) an ontology that specifies PBA classes and relationships 2) an Uncertainty Layer that uses the ontology to automatically generate Bayesian Networks for event uncertainty calculations, 3) a Casual Analysis Engine that reasons over the ontology to infer cause and effect, 4) visualizations that provide information of all aspects of an event and its uncertainty in relation to other events and PBA workproducts. |
| VISINTUIT
280 Shuman Blvd., Suite 115 Naperville, IL 60563 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(630) 428-0910
Dr. T. A. Keahey OSD 03-028 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Uncertainty Awareness for Battle Space Visualization Systems |
| Abstract: | A critical problem for military commanders and decision makers is to understand all of the relevant factors that must go into the assessment of a battle field situation. This problem is made exponentially more difficult by the fact that so many of those factors have an associated uncertainty level, which may or may not be known a priori. Creating effective visual tools for intuitively conveying this information along with its certainties to the battle field commander has a tremendous potential for increasing the accuracy and outcome of military operations. Over the past decade there has been a massive increase in computer graphics capability, driven largely by the economics of the computer game industry. This increase in graphics processing power has also been accompanied by the new generation of real-time graphics tools for generating Hollywood-style visual effects that can greatly enrich the display of information. Together, these have opened up new opportunities for another generation of visualization tools in general, and battle space visualization systems in particular. This research project proposes advanced visualization techniques that leverage modern graphics processing power; moving beyond simple polygons, texture mapping, and 3D to create a new class of visualization tools aimed at accurately conveying the certainty of information in a battle space overview tool. Our ideas exploit animation, shading, illumination, and new visual techniques to overcome inherent human perceptual limitations. Although relatively new to battle space visualization, these approaches have shown great progress in other domains. Taken together, our approach and the vastly more powerful graphics capabilities have great potential for dramatically improving our ability to understand information in the presence of uncertainty. |
| APTIMA, INC.
12 Gill Street, Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 496-2428
Dr. Gavan Lintern OSD 03-029 Awarded: 25NOV03 |
| Title: | Portraying Uncertainty in Battlefield Weather Situational Awareness |
| Abstract: | Military planning and logistics must account for weather effects on both a strategic and tactical level. There is, however, uncertainty associated with any forecast that confounds planning and decision-making in relation to anticipated weather effects and their impacts on equipment and personnel. The Aptima team proposes to develop visualizations of weather uncertainty from forecast data to present information about weather uncertainty to warfighters in a format that can support their decision processes. This decision aid will be designed to help warfighters anticipate the functional effects of weather on their operations so that they can exploit weather-related opportunities and avoid weather-related disruptions. Within this project we will employ methods of cognitive task analysis to identify decision processes and strategies and the information used in those decision processes as warfighters deal with weather uncertainty. We will also document the informational properties available from current weather forecasting systems, the nature and sources of uncertainty, and the nature of weather impacts on selected operational systems. We will integrate the products of these analyses into a representation of essential weather information in a manner that supports the typical decision processes and strategies of users. We will then develop a visualization prototype for portraying that representational concept. |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC.
625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Dr. Jonathan Pfautz OSD 03-029 Awarded: 02DEC03 |
| Title: | Weather Prediction Uncertainty Management And Representation (PUMAR) |
| Abstract: | Strategic weather centers run numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, but military operators do not often have the time or capability to analyze the NWP information -- warfighters must rely on decision aids to succinctly translate the NWP information into battlefield intelligence. Since NWP models are not perfect, methods are needed to determine and display the meta-information (e.g., uncertainty, resolution, timeliness) about a forecast to assess mission impact. To help address this need, we propose a Phase I SBIR program to prototype and demonstrate a system for weather Prediction Uncertainty Management And Representation (PUMAR). Four core components characterize our approach. First, we will perform a cognitive task analysis of a weather-influenced decision-making scenario, followed by a principled categorization of the types and sources of uncertainty influencing the decision-maker. Second, we will identify and develop methods to manage the key types of uncertainty in NWP forecasts (e.g., ensemble forecasting, Bayesian hierarchical methods). Third, we will prototype several meta-information visualization techniques and user interfaces in the context of a decision aid that uses weather information to determine weapon capabilities. Fourth, we will integrate these concepts and methods into a computerized system designed to interface with existing DoD meteorological systems. |
| NEXT CENTURY CORP.
8101 Sandy Spring Road Laurel, MD 20707 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 939-2600
Mr. Clark Dorman OSD 03-029 Awarded: 13NOV03 |
| Title: | Portraying Uncertainty in Battlefield Weather Situational Awareness |
| Abstract: | The proposed initiative will yield a working prototype of our innovative Weather Risk Analysis and Portrayal (WRAP) system that helps quantify uncertainty in disparate weather forecasts and presents this information to users in highly intuitive ways that facilitate at-a-glance analysis and rapid decision making. Next Century Corporation has teamed with Marcus Weather Inc. to build the WRAP system based on our combined expertise in developing solutions for customers in weather-sensitive businesses as well as designing highly intuitive, easy-to-use graphical user interfaces and decision aids for a wide array of application domains. Some key innovations proposed are: 1) enabling the user to interactively adjust the minimum certainty threshold that must be satisfied for those weather conditions being forecast; 2) providing a temporal slider that enables users to interactively view battlespace conditions over time, either by going forward in time based on forecasts and predictions or by going backward in time to view historical data including actual, predictive, and certainty model overlays; and, 3) allowing users to perform an interactive review and comparison of predicted vs. actual weather conditions to aid in hotwash/training activities and to aid analysts in tuning of predictive models, rule sets, and uncertainty thresholds. |
| SONALYSTS, INC.
215 Parkway North, P.O. Box 280 Waterford, CT 06385 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 326-3635
Mr. Cranston R. Coleman, OSD 03-029 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Portraying Uncertainty in Battlefield Weather Situational Awareness |
| Abstract: | Current automated weather forecast models and associated tactical decision aids often produce information that is insufficient or misleading because they do not adequately reveal the accuracy of the forecast. Users of these decision aids need a way to understand the reliability of the forecast. Tacticians make decisions semantically, reasoning in terms of qualitative values and the underlying meaning of data. This process can be reinforced through an effective visualization method that reflects the way a user thinks about weather data. This Phase I effort will investigate the feasibility of a method that provides a semantic mapping of data to quantifiable terms. Using this method, Sonalysts will develop and demonstrate an approach for more effective processing and visualization of weather forecast data. This effort will demonstrate the ability to use weather prediction terms in tactical decision-support applications, while the visualization effort will address the underlying uncertainty of weather forecast data. |
| WEATHER VENTURES LTD.
240 Mt. Pleasant Drive Boalsburg, PA 16827 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 466-2231
Dr. John A. Dutton OSD 03-029 Awarded: 28NOV03 |
| Title: | Battlefield Weather Probabilities |
| Abstract: | Effective management of battlefield weather risk requires a clear understanding of the likelihood of weather events critical to military operations. By combining contemporary capabilities in meteorological observations, atmospheric science, computer prediction, and communications, we will design a multiscale ensemble prediction system (MEPS) for predicting battlefield weather probabilities. This system will involve readily available large-scale ensemble forecasts, ensembles of MM5 forecasts at high resolution, and a forecast calibration process. Key design issues will be resolved by Weather Ventures in collaboration with the Penn State MM5 group using results from a remarkable high-resolution forecast experiment performed in the summer of 2003 by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). This data set, including some 1500 mesoscale forecasts in a virtual ensemble of 32 members, provides a rich and unprecedented source of information for designing a MEPS for battlefield weather probabilities. The data will help us explore the balance between forecast skill, reliability, and cost. To best serve commanders and soldiers, battlefield probabilistic forecasts must be visualized and summarized in decision aids. Work in progress on visualizing probabilistic forecasts and constructing decision aids will be extended to the battlefield case, in preparation for a more concentrated effort in Phase II. |
| CYCORP, INC.
3721 Executive Center Drive, Suite 100 Austin, TX 78731 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 514-2951
Dr. Michael Witbrock OSD 03-030 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Leadership Agent for Multi-source Information Fusion in Counter-Terrorism |
| Abstract: | Current document search techniques are inadequate to handle queries whose answer requires establishing links among a number of (potentially obscure) facts. We propose to remedy this situation with a prototype system that applies statistical and knowledge-based methods to the problem of identifying chains of connections between terms and entities. We will extend existing predictive annotation methods for indexing entities by tagging them with Cyc concepts. In addition, our system will be capable of indexing entire facts, by applying Cyc's parsers to text sentences. Parsing a sentence into the CycL representation language results in a full semantic translation, so links among entities mentioned in a sentence will be transparent in the CycL representation. We propose also to demonstrate the discovery of "anonymous" links, by using technology we developed during the ARDA AQUAINT project. This module, the Holistic Query Expansion Algorithm (HQEA), is designed to process a textual query and produce a set of pairwise highly-correlated terms that connect all the terms within the original query into a coherent topic. Finally, a user-feedback mechanism will be developed to refine the performance of the Cyc-based semantic annotators. |
| INSIGHTFUL, INC.
1700 Westlake Ave N, Suite 500 Seattle, WA 98109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 283-8802
Dr. Giovanni Marchisio OSD 03-030 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Leadership Agent for Multi-source Information Fusion in Counter-Terrorism |
| Abstract: | We have a proprietary algorithm for Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) called Latent Semantic Regression (LSR). We will demonstrate our unique ability to establish semantic networks that follow latent links across large collections of documents. We will extend applications of LSR to more complex indices than the classical term-document matrix. In particular, we will demonstrate our ability to perform latent semantic retrieval not only on indices that measure keyword frequencies, but on more complex linguistic attributes or structures. These experiments will include demonstrations of latent semantic retrieval on entity-entity matrices, and action-entity or "event" matrices produced by our proprietary technology for deep parsing and information extraction. |
| IXMATCH, INC.
5555 West 78th. Street, Suite E, Dewey Hill Busine Edina, MN 55439 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 842-7500
Dr. Eui-Hong (. Han OSD 03-030 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Concept-based Information Retrieval and Fusion Engine |
| Abstract: | Existing search technology is inadequate for addressing the information retrieval requirements of today's complex tasks that require the integration of information from multiple and heterogeneous sources, the discovery of arbitrary and non-obvious relations between the documents, and the uncovering of information that is intentionally trying to hide. The goal of this project is to advance the state-of-the-art in text-based search technology by developing an experimental prototype that combines best-of-bread technologies to address these problems. Our concept-based information retrieval system combines background knowledge with knowledge discovered dynamically by globally analyzing the target collection(s) and locally analyzing the retrieved documents to identify the appropriate concept space(s) for each query and progressively follow all the clues that are present in them. Our information fusion system takes advantage of alternate representations of the underlying collection and information retrieval approaches to identify the documents that are the most relevant to the desired concepts. |
| KNOWLEDGE ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC.
4940 Pearl East Circle, Suite 200 Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 545-9092
Dr. Karen Lochbaum OSD 03-030 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Knowledge Triage for Military Leadership |
| Abstract: | Intelligence for combating terrorism is made difficult by the hundreds of minor languages and dialects potentially spoken by terrorists. There is a pressing need for automated methods that greatly reduce reliance on scarce bilingual analysts and automatic translation systems. The project objective is to develop a computer-based tool that will allow military leaders and intelligence analysts to quickly and accurately select only important documents for translation and/or analysis. An important aspect of the problem is known as Knowledge Triage. For example, in Iraq, over one million pages of paper documents, the majority in poorly handwritten Arabic script, have been collected, Most of this is almost certainly of no intelligence value, while some may contains hints, and a very small number "smoking gun" information. An existing cross language retrieval technique based on Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) is capable of performing the triage, but only if given text in electronic form. In the proposed system a target language speaker would read paper documents into a speech recognizer, and the system would assess their possible relevance and summarizes their contents in English keywords. The system is robust to speech recognition errors and can be adapted to a new language in a few weeks. |
| SEHDA, INC.
465 Fairchild Dr.,, Suite 123 Mountain View, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 864-9900
Mr. Farzad Ehsani OSD 03-030 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Massive Scale Text Processing Using Phrases |
| Abstract: | Sehda plans to separate relevant data from the irrelevant through a technique in which every document being processed would be marked automatically with contextual meta-data to characterize the genre, author, and information in the article. Application of Sehda's technology to the results of this categorization scheme should permit the automatic extraction of information responsive to any inquiry in a natural, flexible, manner far more effective than current key word searches at identifying and grading relevant responsive material. Sehda will also build a browser which will allow the user to navigate this data seamlessly, by examining different cuts through the data in order to narrow in on relevant associations the viewer wishes to focus on. Finally, we have devised potential ways to do "Rare Event Detection" using statistical analysis of the content of unusual responses, communications or word associations, although this idea is only at the formative stage, and would require additional research and testing. |
| HI-Z TECHNOLOGY, INC.
Suite 7400, 7606 Miramar Road San Diego, CA 92126 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 695-6660
Dr. Aleksandr S. Kushch OSD 03-H01 Awarded: 31DEC03 |
| Title: | Optimized Off-the-shelf Self-Powered Portable Trap for Haematophagous Arthropods |
| Abstract: | An optimized off-the-shelf self-powered trap for haematophagous arthropods with an enhanced mosquito capturing efficiency will be designed, fabricated and tested by Hi-Z Technology and the John W. Hock Company. The self-powered feature will be realized by using a fossil fuel (Diesel/JP-8/Propane) driven burner coupled with a thermoelectric power generating section. Electric power that is generating by the thermoelectric section will drive the existing Model 1012 mosquito trap components, such as fan, light bulb and circuit board. The burner exhaust will supply CO2, H2O vapor and heat to the trap entrance in order to attract mosquitoes. This proposed effort will make extensive use of Hi-Z's expertise in the field of thermoelectric power supplies and self-powered appliances development and the John W. Hock Company's experience in the insects sampling devices and techniqe development. The fossil fuel power supply will have dual-use applications. Simple, rugged and driven by a logistic or propane fuel the power supply can be employed in the both, military and civilian markets as a battery charger or direct power source for some electronic devices, such as radios, cell phones, lighting, etc. |
| LYNNTECH, INC.
7607 Eastmark Drive, Suite 102 College Station, TX 77840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(979) 693-0017
Dr. Craig C. Andrews OSD 03-H01 Awarded: 01JAN04 |
| Title: | Optimized Off-the-shelf Portable Trap for Haematophagous Arthropods |
| Abstract: | There is a definite need for the development of an efficient portable device that can reliably be used to survey a broad range of disease carrying mosquito populations in the military field to assess health risk prior to service members' deployment in the region. Limited to requiring CO2 supplies from dry ice, CO2 gas cylinder, and propane gas, commercially available light traps can not be properly operated in regions where these supplies do not exist. Supply can be transported to the mission field at the expense of cost, time, and extra risk exposure to service member through handling these material (propane gas cylinders has a potential to explode when handled inappropriately). Lynntech's innovative CO2 generation technology overcomes these limitations by incorporating a miniature liquid fuel (JP-8, diesel, kerosene, etc.) CO2 generator to the existing miniature light trap. The add on module is compacted into smaller than a gallon jar package, including all control peripherals, attractant delivery devices, system monitoring equipment, and batteries, at the price of less than $400. In addition, this innovative technology can be applied to larger traps and any type of CO2 baited traps coupled with other chemical attractants. CO2 generator allows the use of CO2 baited trap in more remote regions, making them an attractive option for low cost trap add on module for disease carrying mosquito detection or population management in military operations, as well as civilian applications. |
| RADIATION MONITORING DEVICES, INC.
44 Hunt Street Watertown, MA 02472 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 926-1167
Mr. Stuart Miller OSD 03-H01 Awarded: 30DEC03 |
| Title: | Portable and Environmentally Friendly Trap for Haematophagous Arthropods |
| Abstract: | Haematophagous arthropods including ticks and mosquitoes spread many deadly diseases and pose serious threats to people throughout the world. Current measures only mediate the problem, and no solution exists to stop the spread of disease by these vectors. Trapping these arthropods can be a significant component in controlling and monitoring their populations, yet current trapping devices are either ineffective, or impractical for widespread use. To address this problem we propose to develop a trap that will be more effective in attracting a wide variety of these haematophagous arthropods. The new trap design will require little power, will be lightweight, and will be portable and environmentally friendly. The basic approach of our trap is to simulate the human host in terms of the important components that make humans attractive to these arthropods. We will use new methods to mimic both the heat and the carbon dioxide produced by humans. This new design is expected to outperform current traps in terms of their ability to attract a wide variety of important haematophagous species. |
| TDA RESEARCH, INC.
12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 940-2355
Dr. William L. Bell OSD 03-H01 Awarded: 31DEC03 |
| Title: | Improved Arthropod Trap System |
| Abstract: | Biting insects and ticks represent a very substantial threat to human health. U.S. military personnel may be at greatly increased risk from insect-borne disease as they operate at locations around the world. Any program to evaluate health risks and control disease-carrying arthropods relies on a system to trap the arthropods for evaluation. Improvements to the current arthropod capture technology are required to improve its efficiency and make it more readily transportable. In this project TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) proposes to develop an improved system to trap dangerous arthropods. In Phase I we will focus on an improved mosquito trap, because mosquitoes represent both a serious threat and a challenge to trapping technology. We will first identify specific methods and formulations to increase the capture effectiveness of standard traps. We will test the units in enclosures, modifying as necessary to improve performance. We will conduct a field test to compare our improved unit with standard technology. We will conduct an engineering analysis to assess the cost of the improved system in production and assure that it can be safely manufactured, transported used and disposed of after use. In Phase II we will complete development with additional field testing. |
| UTD, INC.
8350 Alban Road, Suite 700 Springfield, VA 22150 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 440-8834
Dr. Charles A. Bass OSD 03-H01 Awarded: 01JAN04 |
| Title: | Optimized Off-the-shelf Portable Trap for Haematophagous Arthropods |
| Abstract: | Blood-sucking or haematophagous arthropods such as mosquitoes, ticks, and sandflies act as vectors of some extremely deadly and debilitating diseases such as malaria, dengue, yellow fever, sandfly fever, Japanese encephalitis, Q-fever, and tularemia. The current kit used by preventative medical teams contains a light trap based on design developed in 1962. Many mosquito species cannot be monitored by light traps. Samples collected are frequently inadequate to assess human health risk. While light traps show more success when supplemented with carbon dioxide, usual methods for CO2 baiting - bottled gas or dry ice - lack of universal availability and create heavy logistical demands. UTD proposes a design concept that emphasizes portability, storability, and ease of use. It will use a combination of attractants including CO2, heat, moisture, UV and white light, and selected synthetic scents. The trap will require no batteries, and will function on a variety of logistic fuels including JP8. UTD brings a wealth of experience in the application of design analysis, simulation, and innovative engineering prototyping to this problem. We have assembled a talented development team and have secured the services of a medial entomologist who is experienced in both academic research and military applications of vector surveillance. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
6 New England Executive Park Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 812-2994
Dr. Gary L. Jahns OSD 03-H02 Awarded: 22DEC03 |
| Title: | Encapsulating Generalized Principal Components and Support Vector Machines in a Nonlinear Statistical Pattern Recognition Toxicology Tool |
| Abstract: | Identifying toxic-substance exposure at low, subtoxic concentrations requires interpretation of complex, time-related changes in gene, protein, and metabolite expression patterns. We propose a statistical pattern recognition software tool based on flexible and adaptable modules. In Phase I, we will produce the tool framework and Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) modules. The tool framework preprocesses genomic, proteomic, and metabonomic data sets from clinical sources. PCA linearly transforms each type of data to an orthogonal space of significantly reduced dimension in which expression of like toxins are clustered. Through Statistical Learning Theory, the SVM adapts and estimates a nonlinear mapping function from the expression-data input space to a decision feature space using data for which ground truth has been independently established. A similarity kernel in feature space induces a metric on the input space by selecting key feature components and produces a nonlinear decision boundary. Selection of the kernel can range from a simple distance metric to neural networks (multi-layer perceptrons, radial/elliptical basis function networks, etc) to fuzzy membership functions. By changing the kernel, the performance of the SVM decision boundaries can be optimized over a range of kernel similarity metrics, feature mappings, and feature selection. Other modules may be added in the future to implement a wider suite of solutions in a user-friendly analysis environment. |
| DELTA SEARCH LABS, INC.
400 Technology Square Cambridge, MA 02139 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 551-4603
Dr. John Zhang OSD 03-H02 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | An Expert System for the Pattern Recognition of Biological Effects |
| Abstract: | The objective of this project is to develop an expert system capable of measuring and interpreting complex, time-related, global changes in gene, protein expression, and metabolite pattern profiles. The expert system will identify toxic substances exposure at very low, sub-symptomatic concentrations to military personnel. The project will meet three challenges to the development of the system: (a) identify the toxic substances and quantify the low exposure level with estimated probabilistic confidence; (b) predict the future evolution of the biological effects utilizing available time-dependent measurement records of pattern profiles; and (c) integrate the usage of all available pattern profiles and optimize the synergized capability of interpreting and predicting the biological effects. In Phase I, we will develop a system concept by applying proven multivariate statistical methods for signal processing widely used in electrical engineering and geophysical sciences. The feasibility and extendibility of the concept in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and applicability will be demonstrated with a few practical examples. |
| GENOMATICA, INC.
5405 Morehouse Drive, Suite 210 San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 362-8550
Dr. Tom Fahland OSD 03-H02 Awarded: 09DEC03 |
| Title: | Biological Effects Pattern Recognition Tool Using Multivariate Statistical Data Reduction |
| Abstract: | The application of modern high throughput genomic, proteomic, and metabonomic technologies to the field of toxicology will provide significant breakthroughs and advances. By simultaneously looking at data on the gene, protein, and metabolite concentrations, a more complete picture of cellular behavior can be determined. Using statistical and mathematical algorithms applied to high throughput data, patterns consistent with low level toxic exposure can be determined. In the current proposal, we intend to apply multivariate linear and non-linear statistical and mathematical techniques to find complex patterns in the data that are consistent with validated samples of low-level toxic exposure. By using supervised machine learning techniques, training data with solid cross-validated measurements will be used to distinguish between different levels of toxic exposure. By seamlessly applying these techniques to all the different data types, small correlations and patterns can be best measured and identified. Upon completion of this SBIR project, we expect to have developed a prototype software tool that integrates the multivariate supervised methods into a useable software package. |
| INSIGHTFUL, INC.
1700 Westlake Ave N, Suite 500 Seattle, WA 98109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 283-8802
Dr. Giovanni Marchisio OSD 03-H02 Awarded: 08DEC03 |
| Title: | Biological Effects Pattern Recognition Tool Using Multivariate Statistical Data Reduction |
| Abstract: | We propose multivariate data reduction, interpretation and pattern matching techniques for classifying and testing genomic, proteomic, and metabonomic profiles against patterns of toxicity. For each type of toxic exposure, these analyses will perform: 1) data normalization and validation; 2) data reduction; 4) class discovery; 5) class prediction. The innovation is in the application of hierarchical clustering and classification methodologies that can produce a list of most diagnostic genes, proteins or biomarkers for each class or type of exposure. We employ powerful literature mining techniques to relate these diagnostic entities to actual networks and mechanisms of action. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION CORP.
13029 Danielson Street, Suite 200 Poway, CA 92064 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 679-4140
Dr. Dariusz Wroblewski OSD 03-H02 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Toolbox for Analysis of Molecular Expression Data |
| Abstract: | Exposure to toxic chemicals and pathogens, and disease process cause sequential changes in gene and protein expression patterns, and in the metabolic state of the affected cells and tissues. Detection of changes in molecular expressions patterns in the blood or, other easily accessible tissue, should provide means for early identification of the chemical hazards and application of preventive measures. This long-term goal must be supported by development of analysis tools for evaluation and mining of large data sets produced by the molecular expression studies. IAC proposes to develop a comprehensive set of numerical tools for early identification of disease induced by exposure to toxic chemicals, with special emphasis on chemicals producing long-term adverse effects. In Phase I feasibility study, we will address the analysis of relevant gene expression data. The standard methods for biomarker identification in micro-array data will be employed and their performance compared with a number of newly proposed approaches. The molecular expression analysis toolbox will be implemented in the later phases of the proposed development and will also address the needs of proteomic and metabonomic studies. The toolbox will be implemented within open, Web enabled, collaborative environment based on Web services technology |
| INTELLIGENT OPTICAL SYSTEMS, INC.
2520 W. 237th Street Torrance, CA 90505 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 530-7130
Dr. Roland Suri OSD 03-H02 Awarded: 08DEC03 |
| Title: | Bioinformatic Tool for Assessing Low-Level Toxicity |
| Abstract: | Toxic contaminants are a serious danger to military personnel, with effects that may only appear after weeks, or months. Traditional diagnostic tools focus on levels of specific markers for certain diseases or toxins. When these specific markers do not show high levels, it is difficult to identify exposure to several toxins, each of which may not be toxic alone, but in combination may be extremely dangerous, to genetically predisposed people. Several biotechnology techniques are being developed that gather huge amounts of data in a single measurement, such as genomics (DNA microarrays), proteomics, and metabonomics. Analysis of whole-system data with bioinformatic tools ("systeomics") will provide early warnings of the exposure of personnel to a variety of conditions that may pose future health risks. Intelligent Optical Systems, Inc. (IOS) proposes to develop bioinformatics software that will immediately detect influences of low-level toxicity on soldiers from such data. These bioinformatic methods will provide immediate warnings when personnel have been exposed to low-level toxins, before they experience any symptoms, enabling immediate countermeasures. In addition to military applications, this software will have civilian applications for the early detection of exposure to low-level toxicity, and the detection of drug side effects. |
| SILICO INSIGHTS, INC.
400 West Cummings Park, Suite 2850 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 938-3829
Dr. Christos Hatzis OSD 03-H02 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Biological Effects Pattern Recognition Tool Using Multivariate Statistical Data Reduction |
| Abstract: | Application of advanced technologies to facilitate the investigation of mechanisms and pathways associated with toxicant action has recently defined the new discipline of toxicogenomics. The main premise of toxicogenomics is that each class of toxicants elicits a specific and sufficiently distinct and reproducible pattern of global transcriptional response, which corresponds to a specific mechanism of action. Therefore, such a "genetic fingerprint" can be used to discriminate between different classes of toxicants or to predict the toxicity profiles of new suspected toxicants or drug candidates. Protein-level measurements can provide additional information on the toxic response - the term `toxicoproteomics' has been coined to describe this discipline. Furthermore, metabonomic profiling has emerged as a powerful technology to provide time-related quantitative behavior of key cellular pathways. Systems biology provides a comprehensive approach to combining experimental research with a strong computational focus based on network circuitry. Several groups have presented multivariate techniques to delineate a time-dependent physiological response. These analytical techniques can be difficult to interpret and to apply in real-time. Current literature emphasizes the challenge of data compilation into a manageable framework and the need for effective analytical techniques that allow normalization of the multitude of physiological responses. |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC.
625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Mr. Paul G. Gonsalves OSD 03-H03 Awarded: 08DEC03 |
| Title: | Automated Toxicity Hazard Assessment Decision-aiding System (ATHADS) |
| Abstract: | A key stage in military planning is the intelligence preparation of the battlespace (IPB). IPB is a continuous process that defines the battlespace environment and its effects and determines and evaluates likely enemy actions. Typically, characterization of the battlespace and its effects has focused on performing terrain and spatial analysis (delineation of areas of operation and interest, avenues of approach, cover and concealment, etc.), determining effects of weather on military operations (e.g. on mobility), and use of demographic information (population, cultural effects) to guide rules of engagement. However, a critical need exists to integrate the potential effects hazardous chemicals and material may have on mission plans. The presence of industrial toxic chemicals and materials can have a dramatic impact on mission success and is seen as a key impediment to force protection. Here we propose an Automated Toxicity Hazard Assessment Decision-aiding System (ATHADS) to support enhanced mission planning. Our approach leverages three synergistic technologies: intelligent agent-based information retrieval of toxicology data; a rule-based mechanism for event and alert generation based on retrieved information; and a Bayesian belief network approach to environmental hazard assessment and prediction. We see considerable potential for this approach in enhancing mission planning systems for operational forces. |
| ENTERPRISE WEB MACHINES CORP.
1400 Main Street, Suite 1206 Columbia, SC 29201 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(888) 737-1752
Dr. John C. Blackburn OSD 03-H03 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Advanced Force Protection Tools (AFPROT) for Integrated Mission Planning |
| Abstract: | The goal of this project is to develop an XML-driven platform that will rapidly determine the hazards associated with a collection of chemicals at a given location. Beginning with a query consisting of location, date, and time, the CHAIN (Chemical Hazard Assessment Information Network) system will prioritize the materials at the location to provide a ranked list by hazard along with recommended protective measures. This will allow mission planners or emergency response personnel to make decisions based on current materials knowledge and provide an estimate of the associated hazards and priority of those hazards. The system will access site-specific inventory data and individual material hazard information to develop the hazard assessment. In addition, access to GIS and weather data will allow for further modelling of site-site interactions and atmospheric transport of hazardous materials. The system will be developed using using XML to allow ready interchange of data into and out of the model. The formatting of the CHAIN system output will be selectable by the user to provide needed level of material detail, recommended response, and speed in sorting through complicated collections of hazardous materials. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION CORP.
13029 Danielson Street, Suite 200 Poway, CA 92064 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 679-4140
Dr. Dariuz Wroblewski OSD 03-H03 Awarded: 05DEC03 |
| Title: | Advanced Force Protection Tools |
| Abstract: | Modern battleground includes heavily industrialized areas with heavy concentrations of chemical substances that may potentially be detrimental to the health of military personnel. Currently, only rough evaluations of the health risks can be made and a computerized, near real-time system for risk assessment is needed for advanced and contingency planning of the military operations. The system should have the ability to produce an expert assessment of the health risks to the military personnel based on sound toxicological data and models, and up-to-date operational and environmental information. IAC proposes to develop the Advanced Force Protection Tools (AFPROT) system that uses modular, distributed design based on Web services technology, with standardized (XML-based) data interfaces. The system will integrate toxicological data and models with chemical hazard intelligence, and operational data. Additionally, it will provide the required flexibility in the system configuration, means for integration of legacy software and models, and means for integration with control and command systems employed by the military. In Phase I, we will provide an initial demonstration of the AFPROT platform, which will include prototypes of essential computational modules and integration with existing databases of toxicological data. |
| BEVILACQUA RESEARCH CORP.
4040 South Memorial Parkway, Suite B2 Huntsville, AL 35802 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 882-6229
Dr. David Skipper OSD 03-H04 Awarded: 31DEC03 |
| Title: | Deployable Simulation Training for Operational Medical Personnel & Emergency Responders |
| Abstract: | The goals of this Phase I program will be to investigate the issues associated with the development of a cognitive reasoning system that allows the rapid development and modification of NBC-related medical training scenarios and computer-based simulations support for NBC threat assessments, predictive analysis, and decision-making in both training and operational environments. The heart of the teams approach is the use of an advanced conceptual modeling approach for development of human reasoning software called a Bounded Neural Network (BNN). This specialized intelligent agent architecture and its associated research-level toolset/editor, called CORE, were created by Bevilacqua Research Corporation (BRC), as a quick and efficient way to add complex cognitive processing capabilities to software systems. The team proposes to use Conceptual Graphs as the storage mechanism for the scenario knowledge necessary to create a reasoning and learning environment for medical personnel. The team will define requirements, research issues and prepare a demonstration in Phase I that can be used as the basis of a go-ahead decision for Phase II. |
| DIAMOND VISIONICS LLC
400 Plaza Drive, Suite-A, PO Box 1276 Vestal, NY 13851 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(607) 729-8526
Dr. James P. Pendrys OSD 03-H04 Awarded: 29DEC03 |
| Title: | Deployable Simulation Training for Operational Medical Personnel & Emergency Responders |
| Abstract: | Large numbers of nurses, emergency medical technicians, emergency physicians, Army medics, and medical personnel from different backgrounds need to be trained quickly for chemical , biological and radiological threat detection, assessment and response . The solution to such a complex training problem lies in deploying high-technology based training solutions. A high fidelity intelligent simulation system is proposed here, which will take advantage of the limited amount of expertise existing in the field of CBR threat detection, assessment and management. High cognitive-fidelity realistic simulations will provide realistic trauma training to medical personnel. Simulated case scenarios will train medical trainees at different levels of beginning knowledge to become proficient in CBR threat management. The proposed intelligent simulation system could be rapidly deployed to provide just-in-time training. This unique system will be scalable to allow various types of deployable medical training. |
| JXT APPLICATIONS, INC.
2673 Commons Blvd, Suite 20 Dayton, OH 45431 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 306-5003
Ms. Roberta S. Gearhardt OSD 03-H04 Awarded: 01JAN04 |
| Title: | Deployable Simulation Training for Operational Medical Personnel & Emergency Responders |
| Abstract: | Currently, almost all training for deployable medical personnel occurs in the field through on-the-job training and focuses on the acquisition of procedural knowledge. This severely limits the capability of training organizations to rapidly produce "mission ready" personnel for the field, and hinders mission performance for deploying forces, both ground based medical personnel and air evacuation medical personnel. Medical professionals need a means of accelerating the acquisition of expertise in decision-making and team coordination that underlies responses to chemical, biological and radiological (CBR) threats. This Phase I effort involves the use of cognitive approaches to conduct analyses of current and potential future threat environments where ground based medical crews and aerospace medical personnel are expected to operate. The use of simulation-based training will provide medical personnel with realistic, high fidelity, mission-oriented training in critical medical skills, decision-making and team coordination for emergency response and rapid deployment. The simulations developed will be hosted in multiple delivery media to facilitate their use at the home duty station, on transport aircraft en route to deployment, at ground bases, and in theater. A conceptual high-level design will be presented in a proof-of-concept demonstration of proposed training technologies and simulation content for Phase II development. |
| MDINFORMATICS, LLC
629 Aloha Rd. Salt Lake City, UT 84103 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 718-4181
Dr. Gregory Thompson OSD 03-H04 Awarded: 29DEC03 |
| Title: | Deployable Simulation Training for Operational Medical Personnel & Emergency Responders |
| Abstract: | Military and civilian medicine currently lack a capability to develop and deploy realistic, mission-oriented training to personnel. Non-physician medical personnel are at increased risk of unpreparedness due to abbreviated training for similar mission-oriented responsibilities as physicians. In this Phase I effort MDInformatics (MDI) proposes to design a Disaster Medicine Core Curriculum (DMCC), a customized dual-pedagogy (didactic presentations + case-based instruction) e-learning platform, and a course content development process to be used in Phase II in order to complete development of the full Disaster Medicine courseware. This project is targeting the > 8 million U.S. medical first responders with a new Web-based instructional platform designed to promote long-term knowledge retention and richer clinical thought processes through the incorporation of analogic case simulations and basic science learning surround. The e-learning platform will include a customized learning management system (LMS) to track user performance. Deliverables for Phase I will include fully detailed investigational study designs to measure the impact of the new system on learner knowledge retention and ability to relate clinical problems to the pathophysiological basis of disease. The new system will represent a major step forward in e-learning technology incorporating important instructional psychological principles and a powerful "learn-and-practice" approach. |
| ONTAR CORP.
9 Village Way North Andover, MA 01845 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-9622
Dr. John Schroeder OSD 03-H04 Awarded: 07JAN04 |
| Title: | Deployable Simulation Training for Operational Medical Personnel & Emergency Responders |
| Abstract: | There is a need in the modern military to train medical personnel rapidly and efficiently to respond to new challenges. The SBIR solicitation noted the need for "advanced simulation capability for use in training the high level decision-making associated with assessment and response to CBR [chemical, biological and radiological] threats" with the goal of providing "medical forces with a deployable capability that can be used at the home duty station, on transport aircraft in route to deployment, for ground bases, and within theater." Our goals are twofold. First, we will develop further technology already produced by Ontar so it can be used as a more effective training tool. Second, we will investigate a specific use of this tool, namely Mental Imagery Simulation-and-Correction (MISC) method. The MISC approach is based on research in cognitive science, and has its roots in the classic TOTE theory of Miller, Galanter and Pribram. Specifically, the system we will develop has the following components: At the conclusion of Phase I we will deliver to OSD a prototype Phase I local wireless ethernet hardware/software system to demonstrate the team training approach. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
951 Mariner''''s Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 643-1444
Dr. Eric A. Domeshek OSD 03-H04 Awarded: 01JAN04 |
| Title: | Medical Emergency Team Tutored Learning Environment |
| Abstract: | The U.S. military and civil society both face the increasing prospect that enemies will employ horrific weapons to cause mass casualties. Any effective response to large-scale medical emergencies will hinge on the decision-making and teamwork of medical and emergency professionals, which in turn is tied to the quality of the training those professionals have received. However, beyond relatively low frequency live exercises, this community-including the military medical community-has little effective training for the professional judgement and coordination required in such circumstances. Deployable computer-based simulations with embedded intelligent tutors can address this gap in emergency preparedness. In this Phase I project, Stottler Henke will work with experts on medical emergency response to combine, adapt, and extend selected simulation and Intelligent Tutoring System technologies to develop and prove feasibility for a Medical Emergency Team Tutored Learning Environment (METTLE). METTLE will simulate large-scale medical emergencies-e.g. Chemical, Biological, or Radiological incidents-and tutor individual professionals on the decisions and team interactions appropriate to their roles. To enable easy deployment, standalone operation, and focus on the individual student, METTLE will simulate other team members, team dialogs, and necessary supporting tools. To emphasize professional-level decision-making, METTLE will exploit Socratic-style dialogs with the tutor. |
| ONTAR CORP.
9 Village Way North Andover, MA 01845 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-9622
Dr. John Schroeder OSD 03-H05 Awarded: 11DEC03 |
| Title: | Training Military Medical Personnel for Respond for Directed Energy Weapons and Technology Casualties on Humanitarian Missions |
| Abstract: | Directed energy devices on the battlefield and on humanitarian missions create an increasingly important hazard for our war fighters and for non-combatants. The appropriate education of our war fighters will include the pathophysiology of the effects of directed energy sources with tissue, the sources of exposure (both intentional and accidental) the methods for evaluating injuries, and their medical management. The goal of medical management will be to provide combat medics with the knowledge to rapidly diagnose and treat laser eye injuries on the battlefield to minimize vision loss, to recognize and treat corneal burns, and to treat skin burns due to directed energy sources. The proposed program centers around developing a centralized Directed Energy Combat Casualty Care training program and information process. The training itself will enable casualty care personnel to identify hazards; assess health and psychological effects of directed energy devices; know and be able to use appropriate triage and treatment protocols; be able to apply appropriate treatment (including acute care management and psychological care); and ensure standardization and interoperability of Combat Casualty Care training readiness programs. |
| SAPIEN SYSTEMS
3510 Ingraham Street Suite 200 San Diego, CA 92109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 775-9755
Ms. Jessica Baldis OSD 03-H05 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Electronic Directed Energy Training System (EDETS) |
| Abstract: | Directed Energy (DE) refers to a wide range of technologies involving concentrated electromagnetic energy or atomic or subatomic particles. DE technologies are rapidly advancing, and practical application of DE technologies is resulting in Directed Energy Weapons (DEWs) and other DE devices (radar, range finders, laser designators, etc.) for military use. As military use of DE technologies increases the likelihood of DE related injuries increases, and combat casualty care (CCC) providers need to be trained effectively. Because the usage of DE technologies is rapidly changing, the amount and availability of medical information and treatment protocols widely differs for different DE injuries. Currently, CCC providers receive minimal, if any, medical training on DE related injuries. This creates a unique challenge for training CCC providers. Sapien Systems proposes to develop a proof-of-concept Electronic Directed Energy Training System (EDETS) for combat casualty care. The EDETS will be an innovative, distributed Computer Based Training (CBT) system which provides DE CCC training through the integration of conceptual, procedural, and case-based learning techniques. EDETS will include a comprehensive DE training curriculum and will be accessible to a wide (Tri-Service) audience with varying levels of expertise. Additionally, EDETS training will be easily modifiable and updatable. |
| STS INTERNATIONAL
204 Sand Mine Road, PO Box 10 Berkeley Springs, WV 25411 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 575-5180
Dr. Charles Stewart OSD 03-H05 Awarded: 12DEC03 |
| Title: | Training Military Medical Personnel for Respond for Directed Energy Weapons and Technology Casualties on Humanitarian Missions |
| Abstract: | STS International proposes to develop combat casualty standards of care for assessing injuries, identifying treatment protocols, and developing triage and care processes related to exposure to Directed Energy (DE) weapons for the purpose of reducing casualties and enhancing unit combat enhancements. STS will also demonstrate the feasibility of converting the training doctrine into high fidelity, mission oriented, multi-media based training simulations for response to Directed Energy Weapon threats. The primary objective of these training simulations will be to teach medical care providers the critical decision making skills needed to effectively detect the threat, assess the situation, and treat casualties injured in a DE event. . In order to properly respond to a DE threat, medical professionals must possess an array of knowledge, skills and experience such that the proper critical decisions can be made when faced with varying risks and courses of action. This situational awareness is a complex cognitive activity that cannot be acquired through training that focuses on the acquisition of procedural knowledge. Simulation training allows students to be engaged in situations that challenge their cognitive, psychomotor and affective domains thus facilitating the development of both experience and judgment. |
| BARRON ASSOC., INC.
1160 Pepsi Place, Suite 300 Charlottesville, VA 22901 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(434) 973-1215
Dr. B. E. Parker, OSD 03-H06 Awarded: 31DEC03 |
| Title: | Predicting the Cognitive Performance of Individuals and Teams |
| Abstract: | The objectives of this SBIR Phase I research program are to design and implement an unobtrusive methodology that can be used to rapidly and easily predict individual and team cognitive readiness to perform critical missions. The methodology proposed herein provides a rich decisional framework for cognitive readiness assessment in complex environments. Among the attributes offered by the approach are design flexibility (e.g., in choosing the measures that correlate with cognitive performance), dynamic updating, automatic and proper handling of inconsistency and uncertainty, and the ability to facilitate team decision making and understanding. As part of the Phase I effort, a prototype Self Team Assessment Tool (STAT) for assessing individual and team cognitive readiness will be developed and tested. In conducting the R&D program, Barron Associates, Inc., a company with a strong track record in the proposed decisional methodology, will collaborate with Dr. Stephanie Guerlain of the University of Virginia (UVA), an expert in cognitive engineering and team evaluation methodology. Testing of the Phase I prototype STAT tool will be conducted on teams of UVA Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps (NROTC) midshipmen as subjects. |
| JXT APPLICATIONS, INC.
2673 Commons Blvd, Suite 20 Dayton, OH 45431 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 306-5003
Mr. Terrell W. Fulbright OSD 03-H06 Awarded: 01JAN04 |
| Title: | Predicting Cognitive Performance of Deploying Health Teams |
| Abstract: | The deployment of geographically dispersed military medical teams requires personnel to be prepared to manage all threats and employ all contingencies. Currently, these medical teams and their missions are comprised of individuals who differ in competency skill levels within the field of medicine as well as allied fields of intelligence, communication, and security across domains of air, land, sea and space. These rapidly generated teams may originate from different geographical locations and varied operational missions. Further, individual team members are likely unfamiliar with each other, have limited knowledge of the deployment location, and are not trained in the specifics of the tasks to be performed. It is essential that cognitive assessment of mission readiness begin at initiation of the assignment and continue through arrival in the theater of operation. This effort is to design and develop unobtrusive techniques and methodologies to predict individual and team readiness to deploy and perform critical mission objectives. We will investigate methodologies and techniques that hold promise to non-invasively measure the cognitive capability of an individual to comprehend and carry out medical mission requirements under varying threats and contingencies, and use these measures to predict the cognitive readiness of individuals and teams for deployment. |
| ONTAR CORP.
9 Village Way North Andover, MA 01845 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-9622
Dr. John Schroeder OSD 03-H06 Awarded: 07JAN04 |
| Title: | Predicting Cognitive Performance of Deploying Health Teams |
| Abstract: | The goal of the proposed research is precisely as
described in the SBIR solicitation, namely to
develop "methodologies and techniques to
non-invasively measure the cognitive capability of
an individual to comprehend and carry out medical
mission requirements under varying threats and
contingencies and use these measures to predict
cognitive readiness of individuals and teams for
medical readiness." Such methodologies and
techniques are increasingly needed in the
military, as well as many other walks of life.
Human error cuts across multiple domains and
results in an incalculable loss of productivity
and even human life every year. A recent article
by Sandra I. Erwin (National Defense, October
2002) estimates the financial cost of aviation
mishaps in the Navy at $4.3 billion over five
years, with an additional $20 to $30 billion in
indirect costs such as litigation, investigation
and program delays. According to Circadian
Technologies, Inc. (Lexington, MA), the total cost
of human performance decline due to shiftwork
fatigue in the U.S. is $77 billion (2001
estimate). This breaks down to $64.5 billion in
lost productivity and $12.5 billion in
health-related costs (see
|
| SA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
4731 East Forest Peak Marietta, GA 30066 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 838-3748
Dr. Cheryl Bolstad OSD 03-H06 Awarded: 31DEC03 |
| Title: | Predicting Cognitive Performance of Deploying Health Teams |
| Abstract: | Determining if a soldier is cognitively ready to perform his or her job poses a considerable challenge to the research community. This need is especially apparent in the military medical community where soldiers must be ready and able to handle a multitude of conditions and problems at any one moment. This SBIR seeks to employ state of the art techniques in Cognitive Task Analysis, Situation Awareness and Instructional Design to identify and eventually develop comprehensive cognitive readiness measures for military medical teams. These measures will have far reaching implications and can ultimately be used to not only evaluate cognitive readiness, but can also provide comprehensive diagnostic information and structured feedback to the soldiers and their superiors. This structured feedback can be used in training applications or can be used to determine when personnel rotation is called for. |
| CLINICALTOOLS, INC.
431 W. Franklin St. #24 Chapel Hill, NC 27516 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 960-8118
Dr. T. B. Tanner OSD 03-H07 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Distributed Medical Training for Force Mobilization and Disaster Response |
| Abstract: | This SBIR application proposes to develop, evaluate, and implement Internet-based continuing education in trauma care to train physicians and other health professionals without specific trauma expertise. The courses will be available via the Internet and will utilize interactive clinical scenarios to disseminate knowledge. Online information resources and discussion capability will accompany each course. The curriculum development will be based on reviews of existing trauma care curriculum guidelines, surveys of the skills and needs of physicians in non-trauma specialties, and revised by trauma specialists and military physicians. This curriculum will provide physicians and other health professionals with training that will enable them to transfer the skills and knowledge they acquire from our interactive training scenarios to new situations. The course design will support this goal by applying the principles of cognitive flexibility theory, which seeks to address issues of advanced knowledge acquisition. Cognitive flexibility theory is especially useful when the knowledge to be acquired is nonlinear, complex, and integrated, such as medical training. |
| SAPIEN SYSTEMS
3510 Ingraham Street Suite 200 San Diego, CA 92109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 775-9755
Ms. Jessica Baldis OSD 03-H07 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Interactive Integrated Training System (IITS) |
| Abstract: | Mobilization of physicians and other medical personnel for military missions and operations creates a substantial training challenge. Large numbers of medical personnel with varying specialties are rapidly mobilized. These personnel often encounter medical problems outside their area of expertise with which they have little experience. This gap in existing knowledge and skills and the knowledge and skills demanded can result in inappropriate or inadequate medical care. A training system needs to be developed that can be rapidly deployed to a large number of users to augment their existing medical knowledge and skills allowing them to successfully complete their jobs once mobilized for missions and operations. Sapien Systems proposes to develop a proof-of-concept Interactive Integrated Training System (IITS). IITS will be an innovative, distributed Computer Based Training system to augment existing medical knowledge and skills through the integration of conceptual, procedural, and case-based instruction. An innovative approach will be applied to the case-based instruction through the addition of "simulation elements" and interactive problem solving designed to pinpoint and address flaws in the student's knowledge or decision-making. |
| SONALYSTS, INC.
215 Parkway North, P.O. Box 280 Waterford, CT 06385 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 326-3621
Ms. Margaret Bailey OSD 03-H07 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Distributed Medical Training for Force Mobilization and Disaster Response |
| Abstract: | Training is critically needed to prepare physicians of various specialties to perform trauma care when mobilized on military missions or operations. The goal of Sonalysts' and the University of Maryland's Medical Center is to design a scenario-driven, real-time, simulation-based training system to close the gap between prior experience and likely future demands on physicians' skills. Our research will focus specifically on training rapid evaluation of potential abdominal trauma by conducting a Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) examination. We will examine the feasibility of integrating ultrasound simulations with existing medical, case-based, electronic tutoring software. We will conduct a task analysis of FAST medical diagnosis and design a training system that incorporates the latest in instructional methods. We will foster apprenticeship learning through a learn-by-doing approach, with training scenarios presented in a narrative format to provide engaging and authentic context. An online coach will provide analogical comparisons, automatically generated hints and immediate remedial feedback. Identifiable features on the ultrasound images will contain active links, and normal and abnormal patient ultrasounds will be viewable for comparison. Students may select virtual patient views from any of the predetermined FAST viewpoints. Self critiques may be compared with computer-generated intelligent critiques during opportunities for reflection. |
| THINKSHARP, INC.
539 Rock Spring Road Bel Air, MD 21014 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 893-5338
Mr. William Sacco OSD 03-H07 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Distributed Medical Training for Force Mobilization and Disaster Response |
| Abstract: | Non trauma surgeons mobilized to support military operations are often ill-prepared for the challenges of trauma surgery. Training to date has not bridged the gap between their experience and abilities and the rigor of their assignment. The objective of this research is to develop a training system that utilizes best known instructional practices and exploits advanced, distributed training technology to deliver comprehensive trauma surgery preparation. The components of this system are in place, and this research will focus on their integration. A comprehensive set of almost 200 trauma decision trees, developed for the Navy (Contract N66001-85-C-0297), will provide the foundation for the training content. An existing, robust online training delivery system that imbeds best teaching practices will provide the technology for delivery. The research will result in a case study based, online learning system that provides experiential learning to mobilized non trauma surgeons. Case studies will simulate combat trauma and disaster scenarios. Interactive and self paced instruction will provide challenges to surgeon trainees to make medical treatment decisions and to react to nuances in treatment response. Implementation would cost effectively prepare mobilized non trauma surgeons to face trauma scenarios, and to utilize proper treatment decision making. |
| ONTAR CORP.
9 Village Way North Andover, MA 01845 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-9622
Dr. John Schroeder OSD 03-H08 Awarded: 07JAN04 |
| Title: | Facilitating Post-Deployment Data Mining to Evaluate War-Related |
| Abstract: | There is a need in the modern military to optimize the post-deployment evaluation of war-related illness of unclear etiology. The phenomenon of war-related "medically unexplained symptoms" (MUS, ICD-9 code 799.6) has been a persistent problem throughout the history of combat. Elucidation of the time course (onset, changes over time) and etiology (cause/effect) in these cases has been hampered by the lack of a longitudinal patient record spanning the pre-, during, and post-deployment continuum. Retrospective analysis should rely on real longitude medical data. The military healthcare administration also needs to determine the required fields in military electronic Data Theater in order to force input of those data to benefit the evaluation and also to update the Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS) database. MUS modeling will contain three types of information: patient medical history, physical and psychosocial information. The patient medical history should only contain information related to diagnosis of MUS; physical information should include epidemiology, immunization information about the soldier; and as well as patient psychosocial information should have psychosocial evaluation results of the soldier. Combination of three areas data together will help to evaluate MUS. We will have a spreadsheet of minimal required MUS data elements by the end of Phase I. In order to collect those data, two interfaces have to be developed to retrieve data from CHCS II and DMSS (Defense Medial Surveillance System). We are going to build a prototype of web service interfaces to access those two data repositories to demonstrate the proposed program on Phase I. The combination of telemedicine and medical data mining technology will be a powerful tool for evaluation of MUS. We will accomplish this by utilizing two technologies that we have in place at Ontar. The first is called IMD2S (Cognitive Integrated Medical Data Display System) which is a data mining software built on top of EMRs. The second system is called ComPResS (Computerized Patient Records System). ComPResS assists physician by providing EMRs on handheld devices in a wireless environment. |
| SILICO INSIGHTS, INC.
400 West Cummings Park, Suite 2850 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 938-3844
Dr. Christos Hatzis OSD 03-H08 Awarded: 15JAN04 |
| Title: | Data Mining Infrastructure to Characterize Medically Unexplained Symptoms |
| Abstract: | War-related syndromes have existed throughout modern wars; however, studies to-date have not provided evidence to point to a specific group of symptoms and their causes. Nevertheless, these studies have confirmed increased rates of reported symptoms and general deterioration of perceived health by war veterans. Military health care systems today offer unique opportunities in monitoring and predicting health-related events of military personnel. A closer investigation of war-related symptoms is warranted to evaluate the adequacy of the information collected and the analytical approaches employed. A data mining infrastructure can facilitate (i) collection of specific fields not previously gathered, and (ii) avoid forced entry of data fields from field personnel that are not relevant. Existing biosurveillance systems are well suited for counts-based analyses and efficient data collection. They do not offer analytical techniques to visualize dependencies between known and unexplained symptoms. New approaches in assessing information content will allow examination of syndromes and their associations with medical and non-medical inputs. Further efforts can then refine the architecture and apply a suite of analyses to provide decision management tools. The availability of such a system can not only leverage health care data for disease modeling but also enable timely response management. |
| INHAND ELECTRONICS, INC.
30 W. Gude Drive, Suite 100 Rockville, MD 20850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(240) 558-2014
Mr. Boris Donskoy OSD 03-H09 Awarded: 29DEC03 |
| Title: | A Modular, Battery-Free, Wireless Information Carrier for Storing Long-Term Medical Records |
| Abstract: | InHand Electronics (Rockville, MD) proposes the development of a state-of-the-art wireless information carrier, a so-called Medical Dogtag or MTAG. The MTAG will meld a combination of technologies - a passive radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and a bus-powered Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, to create a battery-free flexible storage device capable of storing up to 20 years of textual and graphical medical record data. InHand Electronics will leverage its expertise in developing extremely small, low-power, low-cost electronics platforms in the development of the MTAG. The key features of the MTAG are its low production cost, its ability to derive all required power for basic functions from outside sources and thus avoid the need for batteries, and its modular architecture which facilitates upgrades and improvements as technology advances occur. InHand will perform a complete system, hardware, and packaging design of the MTAG in Phase I, and will perform detailed manufacturability analyses, including cost estimates in low- and high-volume production. The Phase I design will form the launching point for Phase II prototyping and design refinement. |
| IRVINE SENSORS CORP.
3001 Redhill Avenue, Building #3 Costa Mesa, CA 92626 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 435-8920
Mr. John Leon OSD 03-H09 Awarded: 31DEC03 |
| Title: | Development of Wireless Electronic Information Carrier |
| Abstract: | The objective of the Office Of The Secretary Of Defense OSD-DH09 SBIR effort is to develop a secure, encrypted, wirelessly enabled, high capacity electronic information carrier. Trauma care provisioning either in the battlefield or in residential neighborhoods is a time critical process. Multiple personnel may evaluate the same patient giving different prognosis based on the patient's current state and evaluator's point of view. Newer drugs being introduced into the market increases an individual's chance of survival, but an individual may have allergic reactions to these new drugs, which may not be understood by an evaluators general examine. An individual longitudinal medical record, which stores years of an individuals medical history is required. The initial point of such record for an individual is their personal identification card (PIC). Our approach is to incorporate the needed functionality (wireless and security) needed for evaluators (such as a medic in the battlefield) to be incorporated in the size look and field of a "dog tag" by evaluating existing current devices and deriving a solution that grows and scales as technology evolves. Our investigation will lead to the development and implementation of a prototype in Phase II called Irvine Sensor Longitudinal Medical Record (ISCLMR). |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Information Technologies Division, 20600 Gramercy Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Andrew Kostrzewski OSD 03-H09 Awarded: 31DEC03 |
| Title: | Wireless Personal Information Carrier System |
| Abstract: | The Office of the Secretary of Defense is seeking to develop a new type of personal identification card (PIC) for the patientcentric data network and database, containing a complete longitudinal patient record up to 20 years long. Coupled with the Battlefield Medical Information System Tactical (BMIST), individual medical data often needs to be accessed and updated by medical personnel even when real-time connectivity to a database is unavailable. To meet thisthese requirements Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Wireless Personal Information Carrier (WPIC) than will exceed these requirements by introducing innovative hybrid power supplies, including both passive (inductive power transfer), and active (efficient battery) systems with minimal data transfer times. The proposed WPIC will have an ultrahigh effective data communication rate, achieved by modifying Bluetooth technology to exceed 10 Mbps. It is based on POC's unique lossless and perceptually lossless data/voice/image compression, which reduces data transfer time by a factor of five compared to existing systems and will support expansion of the WPIC to include high-quality audio, high-resolution images, and video sequences. With efficient power management of hybrid inductive and battery-based power supplies, WPIC can operate for over five years operation without battery change. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Mr. Bill Bergeron OSD 03-H09 Awarded: 31DEC03 |
| Title: | Development of Wireless Electronic Information Carrier (1000-309) |
| Abstract: | Triton Systems, in partnership with a leading edge information security firm, proposes to develop a small, lightweight, robust, durable, and encrypted wireless Electronic Information Carrier (EIC). In Phase I, Triton proposes to design and test a system. During Phase II, we will produce prototypes for the US military. We anticipate that, prior to the end of the Phase II effort, we will be in commercial production supply for non-military applications. The manufacturing scale-up will allow experience-curve based cost reduction and prototype refinement specific to the needs of the US military during the Phase III effort. This dual-use device will have a similar size and weight of traditional military "Dog Tag", and have capability of securely storing a full 20-year longitudinal medical history including high-resolution graphical images. This write-able system will allow the combat medic or military medical personnel to update the medical history, record current assessment of patient condition, recent care provided, and evacuation information. Additionally the device will allow for patient tracking, and current location information, throughout the evacuation chain, in order to provide continuity of care for the patient. |
| CONCEPTUAL HEALTH SOLUTIONS
6951 Forest Glade Cr. Dallas, TX 75230 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(507) 284-1551
Dr. Peter L. Elkin OSD 03-H10 Awarded: 31DEC03 |
| Title: | Data Mining Longitudinal Clinical Data to Detect Adverse Drug Events |
| Abstract: | Conceptual Health Solutions (CHS) technology specializes in the conversion of free-text to structured data for medical data mining and automated processing. CHS will adapt its existing technology to develop a core data infrastructure for the automation of the evaluation of longitudinal clinical data from dynamic DoD health information systems to detect adverse events after use of drugs, vaccine, or other medication. The technology involves medical concept-based indexing, "natural language processing" and controlled medical vocabularies including SNOMED-CT, MedDRA and ICD to normalize data in medical records for data mining of ADE indicators. Automated analysis tools will process potential ADEs and compare results with other ADE monitoring sources such as the FDA. CHS will combine its medical practice specific data management technology with Mayo Clinic''''''''''''''''s medical research and ADE subject matter expertise. The resulting data infrastructure will allow DoD to determine which adverse events put patients at significant risk or increased healthcare expenditure and enable DoD to take evidence-based, targeted risk mitigation steps. |
| LINCOLN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
40 Washington Street, Suite 220 Wellesley, MA 02481 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 237-8722
Mr. David Fram OSD 03-H10 Awarded: 01JAN04 |
| Title: | Mining Longitudinal Data for Known and Unknown Adverse Events |
| Abstract: | Longitudinal clinical data resources (e.g., the Composite Health Care System) are important large-scale repositories of data from real-world medical practice that can provide significant new insights regarding the safety of approved drugs and vaccines, through the application of automated data mining. Such "secondary" use depends, however, on overcoming substantial information-handling obstacles: the original data, collected primarily for patient care and administration, are highly complex and fine-grained and unsuitable for direct analysis. The project objective is to develop innovative software capable of (1) extracting and standardizing relevant information from medical records in military health systems, (2) utilizing temporal abstraction and pattern matching to identify medical record segments that correspond to potential drug-related adverse events, (3) providing alerts to physicians when "labeled" adverse reactions are so identified, and (4) performing aggregate analyses to detect drug-event associations with greater-than-expected frequencies that may signal previously uncharacterized adverse reactions. Phase I focuses on developing temporal abstraction, pattern matching, and disproportionality analysis technologies that show promise in identifying adverse drug events when applied to moderate-scale test data. Phase II focuses on prototype completion, scale-up, and validation, on automating data extraction and on comparing results with those from other data sources (clinical trials, post-marketing surveillance, chart review). |
| ONTAR CORP.
9 Village Way North Andover, MA 01845 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-9622
Dr. John Schroeder OSD 03-H10 Awarded: 07JAN04 |
| Title: | Data Mining Longitudinal Clinical Data to Detect Adverse Drug Events |
| Abstract: | The proposed program will develop a data mining tool to detect both known and unknown safety signals in the CHCS databases. The proposed program will accomplish this through careful, innovative data preparation (code mapping, redundancy removal), advanced screening algorithms, user-friendly interface and cognitive report displays. The overall goal is to provide an active surveillance system that can detect unknown adverse events, monitor known adverse events and report ADEs in a timely fashion so that the physicians can rapidly access information which serves as an alert or reminder in their practice so the soldiers using drugs or vaccines can receive the appropriate risk management and care. At the conclusion of Phase I we will deliver to OSD a prototype system (ADE-Discovery) that demonstrates the feasibility of detecting both known and unknown safety signals in the CHCS database. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
951 Mariner''''s Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 545-1478
Ms. Laurie Spencer OSD 03-H10 Awarded: 01JAN04 |
| Title: | Incremental Online Data Mining for Adverse Drug Events |
| Abstract: | Patients are at risk of adverse reactions to and interactions between medical drugs. Though databases exist for reporting of adverse drug events (ADEs), more must be done to speed the discovery of "safety signals" and protect patients and physicians alike. Stottler Henke has devised a novel approach for learning safety signals directly from longitudinal patient data, such as that in the military's Composite Health Care System. Using rules, heuristics, and machine learning techniques, patient data will be cleaned and transformed into ADE-like sequences. Higher than expected associations between drugs and adverse events will be discovered using MGPS, a data mining tool whose development was sponsored by the FDA. Stottler Henke's Safety Signal Miner will extend the MGPS algorithm to work in "online" fashion so that it can process new data as it arrives, saving computing resources and speeding discovery. Preprocessing and safety signal detection will pass several automated, self-validation checkpoints; moreover, Safety Signal Miner will provide validation assistance to the operator via interactive exploration, record drill-down, and summarization by strata and ICD9 codes. Safety signal miner should have broad commercial appeal to hospitals, clinics, and research institutions. |
| APPLIED SCIENCES LABORATORY, INC.
P.O. Box 21158 Albuquerque, NM 87154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 828-1848
Ms. Wendy Shaneyfelt SOCOM 03-007 Awarded: 10DEC03 |
| Title: | Emerging Weapons Technology Evaluation Model |
| Abstract: | Accelerated development of directed energy technologies has presented new problems to mission planners and weapon operators regarding the capabilities, lethality and performance of weapon systems. The Emerging Weapons Technology Evaluation Model will address these shortcomings by providing users of varying technical expertise 1) the ability to model a variety of weapons in various mission scenarios and determine their effects on targets, and 2) the ability to specify the damage on targets and determine which weapon systems are capable. The flexibility of this modeling software allows for future growth as new weapons, targets, and platforms are introduced. Expert guidance will be built into the software and intuitive analysis tools available to assist analyses. Applied Sciences Laboratory, Inc. (ASL) has developed a software architecture for the modeling and analysis of specific types of directed energy systems that can be rapidly modified to meet the USSOCOM requirements. This architecture is modular and easily adaptable to accommodate growth for future requirements. Its structure has been optimized through years of development and use and has proven to adapt to a variety of directed energy modeling uses. Leveraging this existing architecture, ASL can quickly create a powerful modeling tool avoiding the risk and cost of new development. |
| SCHAFER CORP.
321 Billerica Road Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 338-2890
Dr. Dunning I. 5th SOCOM 03-007 Awarded: 19DEC03 |
| Title: | Advanced Tactical Laser Adaptive Simulator-Visualization, Operations, Training, Engineering, and Rehearsal Toolkit (ATLAS - VOTER) |
| Abstract: | The ATLAS-VOTER Toolkit is physics based with detailed aircraft models, environmental effects, operator, instructor, and analyst work stations, High Energy Laser (HEL) modeling, and graphic user interfaces. Because of the maturity of its component software modules, this SBIR effort could deliver a value added tool suite by the end of Phase I. We will combine the Schafer simulation products Integrated Systems Architecture and Analysis Code (ISAACr) and AirBorne Laser Engagement simulator (ABLEr) with the SDS AAcuityr products LiteFliter, Gateway Mission Function Server, and PC Image Generator. All five products are mature, formally validated and verified, and have a legacy of US DoD support. Their synergistic integration via Distributed Interactive Simulation protocols, and augmentation with Advanced Tactical Laser (ATL) system parameters, provides SOCOM a tool for developing ATL tactics and CONOPS. ISAACr will also be upgraded to generically model the entire spectrum of future HEL weapons and expected targets. The delivered tool suite will allow SOCOM to participate in distributed wargaming exercises in support of determining ATL military utility, and will provide a spectacular visualization capability for demonstrating to the chain of command how ATL and other laser weapons can be effectively integrated into future warfighting capability. |
| APPLIED SIGNAL & IMAGE TECHNOLOGY, INC.
7763 Old Telegraph Road, Suite 7 Severn, MD 21144 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 969-7044
Dr. Joseph C. Harsanyi SOCOM 03-008 Awarded: 30DEC03 |
| Title: | Direction Finding (DF) Module |
| Abstract: | The SOCOM direction finding (DF) requirement is a small, low-power package that is modular in design and capable of interoperating with a variety of receivers including the SIGINT Threat Warning receivers currently under development by Digital Receiver Technology, Inc. and Applied Signal Technology, Inc. Applied Signal and Image Technology is uniquely positioned to offer SOCOM a solution for this problem. ASIT already has a comprehensive direction finding and geolocation solution that operates with the DRT receiver systems, and we are currently working with Applied Signal Technology on a joint program to provide intercept, direction finding and geolocation of conventional and wireless (2nd and 3rd generation) signals. Our existing capabilities will be adapted and enhanced to achieve the stringent SOCOM size, weight, power, and performance requirements. The proposed solution will have an ability to connect to a variety of DF arrays such as the body worn antenna, and our approach will also provide a "leave-behind" option for a distributed, low-power geolocation module in which SOCOM has expressed interest in very recently (SOCOM SBIR 03-001) within the same package. |
| TOYON RESEARCH CORP.
Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 968-6787
Dr. Kenan O. Ezal SOCOM 03-008 Awarded: 05JAN04 |
| Title: | Miniature Direction Finding (Mini-DF) Module |
| Abstract: | Toyon Research Corporation proposes to research and develop a low-cost, miniature direction finding (Mini-DF(TM)) module and build a proof-of-concept system. The primary focus of this Phase I effort will be to locate cellular and wireless communications and RF emissions in the 2.0 MHz to 3.0 GHz frequency range. The Mini-DF module will accept input from an external receiver that is using a single DF capable antenna, multiple omni-directional antennas, or a combination thereof. When possible, time difference of arrival (TDOA) and differential-Doppler (DD) techniques will be used to augment the performance of the DF measurements and to further improve the relative bearing estimates. The system will also provide a relative range estimate provided sufficient information exists. The Mini-DF system will be designed and built using only commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) technology. The final product will feature a PDA-type interface that is simple to use and will be capable of being upgraded through software changes. |
| ALAMEDA APPLIED SCIENCES CORP.
2235 Polvorosa Avenue, Suite 230 San Leandro, CA 94577 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 483-4156
Dr. Mike McFarland SOCOM 03-009 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Service Life Extension of Machine Gun Barrels |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this Phase-I is to demonstrate the feasibility of using Alameda Applied Sciences Corporation's Coaxial Energetic Deposition (CED) process to increase the life of gun barrels, specifically the Mk-46 and Mk-48 light-weight machine guns, by depositing a protective refractory metal coating to the inside of the barrel as a replacement for the chrome coatings that are presently used. The CED process is capable of depositing virtually any metal or alloy and many types of ceramics to the inside of tubes while using no moving parts. One of the major benefits of the CED process is that the deposition ions are much more energetic than those of other deposition methods, for example sputtering or chemical vapor deposition. Because of these higher energy ions, CED deposited coatings tend to be denser, with fewer cracks and voids, and to adhere better to the substrate. Live-fire tests will be performed on coated Mk-48 gun barrels as part of this Phase-I. |
| LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC.
2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(434) 220-0148
Dr. Fritz J. Friedersdorf SOCOM 03-009 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Nano-Scale Particle Coatings for Service Life Extension of Small Arm Components |
| Abstract: | Wear and erosion limit the service life and degrade the performance of weapons used by U. S. Special Operations Forces. Gun barrel coatings to maintain barrel life, overall weapon performance and reduce sustainment costs are required. These new coatings will conform to environmental initiatives to reduce hexavalent chrome usage. Luna Innovations will develop a complete coating process and system based on novel nano-particle and thermal treatment technologies. Recent developments in nano-particle production will be exploited to formulate stable coatings that can be applied using conventional liquid coating application processes. The process includes, surface cleaning and treatment prior to coating using proven industrial methods. The freshly coated gun barrels are oven dried in a controlled atmosphere. Finally, densification of the nano-particle coating is achieved without heating the bulk gun barrel substrate beyond the tempering temperature. The resulting dense coatings will be well adhered to the gun barrel. This coating process is designed to be compatible with current gun barrel manufacturing processes. The nano-particle production and coating process is amenable to the use of powder or alloy mixtures to achieve the optimal chemical, thermal and mechanical properties for this application. |
| UCT DEFENSE, LLC
7825 SW Ellipse Way Stuart, FL 34997 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(772) 223-6699
Mr. Ed McComas SOCOM 03-009 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Renewal/Service Life Extension of Weapon (Machine Gun) Components |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this project is to save the lives of our fighting men and women. SOCOM will reach this objective by identifying a feasible process, which will demonstrate that extending the life of small arm weapons components and barrels is possible. Developing such product is vital because it will provide the war fighters with a reliable weapon on which they could depend in the most austere environments. Nothing is more important to our fighting men and women than reliable weapons. This project is also important because it will reduce the acquisition and life cycle costs of the weapon. Both of these goals are feasible by the use of UCTD's UltraCem coating on small arm components and barrels. UltraCem is a multi-functional coating that will (1) add hardness, (2) increase wear and abrasion resistance, (3) reduce friction, (4) enhance lubriciousness and (5) increase temperature tolerance to the base material. All of these functions combined will protect the components/barrels from the erosive forces and will extend the life of small arms. |
| APPLIED SIGNAL TECHNOLOGY
400 West California Ave Sunnyvale, CA 94086 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(503) 615-4616
Mr. Sean Caffee SOCOM 03-010 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Team Transportable Communications/Collection Suite |
| Abstract: | Propse a design to generate a scalable team transportable command center by integrating the JTRS communication backbone into the JTWS collection system. This system is modular in software and hardware. The object oriented, software defined radio is modeled after the OSI protocol stack to abstract applications from specific transport and physical layer instantiations. The hardware modules containing the underlying processing of the software defined radion can be cascaded to process any number of channels. |
| INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS CORP.
1875 Campus Commons Drive, Suite 300 Reston, VA 20191 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 921-4822
Mr. Michael Phipps SOCOM 03-010 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Team Transportable Communications/Collection Suite |
| Abstract: | ITAC will research the latest in communication and collection technologies, and develop a plug and play, scaleable architecture to satisfy SOF portable command center needs. At the completion of Phase I, a demonstration will be provided of a seamless communications and collection capability, which can monitor a local communications/electronic warfare environment, coordinate the collection processes of remote sensors and forward deployed field units, correlate data from the various sensors, acquire relevant National information, and provide real-time situational awareness and threat warning to users within the network on meaningful geographic displays. The network based communications infrastructure will acquire data from remote sensors; share data with U.S. and coalition forces in the field; and receive the latest map, imagery and intelligence information from National assets. The broad based analytical tools and communications infrastructure will permit forward deployed forces to take a high-fidelity look at the signals environment and send back advanced signals for analysis. The results of analysis can then be forwarded to deployed units, updating threat information in real-time on the soldiers' threat displays, providing the field units access to analysts and linguists located at a safe location. The modular system will scale to large backpacks, transportable, and rack mountable units. |
| NEXT CENTURY CORP.
8101 Sandy Spring Road Laurel, MD 20707 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 939-2550
Mr. Hyam Singer SOCOM 03-010 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Team Transportable Communications/Collection Suite |
| Abstract: | Next Century Corporation and Southwest Research Institute have teamed to design and build the Team Transportable (T2) system proposed herein. Our T2 solution is designed to provide forward-deployed ground forces and commanders with an easy-to-deploy, remote, unmanned signal collection and processing front-end from which real-time updates are supplied to forward-deployed team members and to the back-end command post. The T2 solution will need to be sufficiently flexible to be effectively deployed in a variety of mission scenarios including those where: . the risk of a forward-manned cryptologic operation is too high, or . a forward-manned cryptologic operation is inappropriate for the environment or operation, or . expanded electronic force protection capabilities are required to support the SOF commander The T2 system will also need to have the flexibility to support and interface with a variety of antennas, receivers, radios and related systems. Toward that end, a key aspect of our proposed solution is the ability to effectively collaborate with other deployed signal collection and threat warning assets, such as the bodyworn and manpack systems, thereby further enhancing the situational awareness provided to the SOF team. Next Century and SwRI are leveraging the expertise and technology jointly developed by their team for the related SBIR from USSOCOM for the bodyworn Threat Warning System (Topic Number SOCOM02-012). The Next Century / SwRI T2 solution incorporates relevant features of the bodyworn threat warning system, thus ensuring architectural compatibility and interoperability between the two solutions. Our T2 solution also benefits from SwRI's expertise in developing larger command and control SIGINT collection and analysis systems for the United States Navy. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4164
Dr. John Gannon SOCOM 03-011 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advanced Vest Designs for Special Operations Forces |
| Abstract: | Special Operations Forces have a diverse set of needs and desires because of the wide variety of mission scenarios and conditions they undertake. This presents significant challenges for the design and manufacture of soldier garments to augment the performance of SOF operators in the field. Foster-Miller and its team have proposed a lightweight, dynamic vest design that will include and/or accommodate various advanced technologies such as integrated textile cabling, power systems, communications equipment, and various sensors. The basis for this vest will be electro-textiles, i.e., textile-based systems fabricated with advanced conductive fibers, that will form an integrated electrical backbone upon which other advanced body borne technologies can be interconnected, swapped, and/or custom configured. (P-030570) |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
Information Technologies Division, 20600 Gramercy Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Mr. Kang Lee SOCOM 03-011 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Versatile, Expandable, Strategic, and Tactical Equipment Carrier |
| Abstract: | To meet SOCOM needs, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Versatile, Expandable, Strategic and Tactical Equipment Carrier (VESTEC) technology to be integrated into the MOLLE (Modular Lightweight Load Carrying Equipment). The VESTEC will make the MOLLE more dynamic and lightweight, and enhance its capability. The VESTEC will be based on modular wearable connectors, adaptable smart pouches, Wired Integrated Texile Seam (WITS) internal communication links, sensor interface, and the Tactile Early-warning Sixth Sense (TESS) subsystem. The VESTEC system will integrate a power source, body sensors, and WITS cables for communications through imbedded fibers that will follow natural fabric contours and seams of the vest. The cabling and associated electronics within the WITS will form a "vest area network" (VAN) for the VESTEC. In Phase I, POC will develop, fabricate, and test a VESTEC model to demonstrate the feasibility of the concept. In Phase II an optimized and rugged engineering prototype will be built that will be tested under laboratory test conditions. |
| CENTELLAX, INC.
451 Aviation Blvd., Ste. 101 Santa Rosa, CA 95403 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 438-7844
Mr. German Gutierrez SOCOM 03-012 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Broadband Down-converter for SOF |
| Abstract: | The proposed Phase one Project goal is to design and simulate a down converter chip utilizing SiGe that provides pre-amplification, mixing and a flexible scheme of local oscillators to allow any 3 GHz segment of the frequency range between 3 & 40 GHz to be converted to dc-3 GHz for processing with a standard SOCOM 3 GHz receiver. The system architecture utilizes a minimal set of microwave oscillators from previous Centellax designs which are multiplied, divided and switched in a unique manner to provide the required performance and excellent SWaP. The use of 120 GHz Ft BiCMOS SiGe technology provides many advantages. Power consumption is low and the chip size is minimized. Reliability of the Silicon process is well understood and documented, better than GaAs and much better than InP. The process produces 8 inch wafers which makes costs low relative to the other technologies which use 4 or 6 inch wafers. SiGe has become more and more attractive for integrating high frequency subsystems as the Ft has increased in the last three years. Once feasibility is demonstrated in Phase one, specific designs matched to antenna configurations and specific radar requirements will be explored in Phase two. |
| RDAS, INC.
11003 E.Bradford Circle Cerritos, CA 90703 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 379-4802
Mr. Augustus H. Green, SOCOM 03-012 Awarded: 22DEC03 |
| Title: | Radar Technologies for SOF |
| Abstract: | The proposed effort addresses the threat warning receiver for the SOF through prototype design, development, fabrication, and experimental testing of a miniaturized receiver that: (1) has negligible emissions over a bandwidth of 3 to 40 GHz to preclude detection by an enemy receiver, (2) requires extremely low power to operate, (3) can be easily carried or worn and used by SOF, and (4) lends itself to covert operation. In addition, the development of algorithms that can execute the detection of threat emissions with little or no effort on the part of a SOF, except to turn a TWR on, is a major objective. In addition, RDAS' proposed architecture improves the mobility of the SOF because the size and weight of the TWR is minimized as well as keeping power consumption to a low level. The design philosophy for the proposed receiver is to receive the signals and down convert these signals to a frequency that is compatible with the current digital receiver and processor. This maximizes leveraging of the subsystems that have been developed to date. Furthermore, this design will be consistent with the desired direction finding capabilities associated with other modules and for interfacing with a Body Worn Antenna. |
| POLICELL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
240 Martin Luther King Blvd Newark, NJ 07102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(973) 621-8877
Dr. Luying Sun SOCOM 03-013 Awarded: 14NOV03 |
| Title: | Battery Modulation for Communications Equipment |
| Abstract: | Policell Technologies Inc. proposes 6 month research effort to demonstrate the feasibility of replacing the lithium BA-5590 with a rechargeable battery. It is proposed to design and develop basic pouch lithium-ion cells that are suitable for assembly of BA-5590 battery and deliver some basic pouch cells to SOCOM by the end of the Phase I program. The battery system will be based on Policell Technologies Inc.'s unique heat-activatable separator membrane and advanced liquid electrolyte or gel polymer electrolyte, using conventional liquid lithium-ion battery electrodes. The research work will be divided into six tasks. By the use of PTI's proprietary heat-activatable separator and advanced electrolyte, the resulting rechargeable lithium-ion cells could offer high energy density (175 watt-hr/kg for cellular phone cell), high rate capability, long cycle life, in particular, low as well as stable impedance during charge-discharge cycling, extended temperature range for cell applications, and improved safety. This heat-activatable separator and the advanced electrolyte technologies are proprietary to Policell Technologies and do not involve any third party licenses. Policell Technologies has developed these technologies over the last two years. The research and development work will be conducted in Policell Technologies Inc.'s facility which is located in Newark, New Jersey. The estimated total cost for this program is $98,980.72. |
| ULTRALIFE BATTERIES, INC.
2000 Technology Parkway Newark, NY 14513 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 332-7100
Dr. Xulong Zhang SOCOM 03-013 Awarded: 03DEC03 |
| Title: | Battery Modulation for Communications Equipment |
| Abstract: | The proposed Phase I work is to develop soft pack lithium polymer batteries with high energy density (>175 Wh/kg) and superior temperature performance. Ultralife has been engaged in lithium polymer battery research, development and manufacturing since 1996. Ultralife has achieved several milestones in improving lithium polymer battery performance over the past year. The current Ultralife 34106102 polymer battery has an energy density of 160 Wh/kg with excellent cycling performance and high temperature storage performance (see the attached graphs). The Phase I project will incorporate high capacity cathode/anode active materials and non-flammable electrolytes to reach the capacity and performance requirements. The improved lithium polymer battery could be used in the hybrid portable power system for military and commercial applications. Ultralife will provide 20 cells for SOCOM qualification at the end of the Phase I project. |
| CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP.
727 Airport Boulevard Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 668-2567
Mr. Eric D. Lichtenstein SOCOM 03-014 Awarded: 14JAN04 |
| Title: | Reconfigurable All Terrain Vehicle |
| Abstract: | Adaptable soldiers need a highly adaptable, high performance vehicle. The most powerful solution is not to have a single all-purpose vehicle, but rather to have a set of universal modular components that can be configured into whatever vehicle is necessary for the task at hand. A single vehicle would be constructed of as many as 100 universal components, with each component weighing anywhere from 50 to 100 pounds. Each component includes universal joints for physical, stable connections, as well as power and data transfer. Much like an erector set, this modular vehicle could be carried or transported in pieces, and then placed together into any configuration as necessary. A group of 20 soldiers, each carrying a single component, can combine their components to make up four small, light dune-buggy type vehicles, a road-worthy vehicle, or a boat for crossing a river. No special engineering skills are necessary, as all the components are "plug-and-play", and based off of the principles of a children's construction toy, like LEGO or Capsella. Specialized components can be added for specific tasks - pontoons, rudders, and propellers for sea vehicles, cranes and plows for earth moving, or even wings for `ultra-light' type aircraft or gliders. |
| SABRE ENGINEERING, INC.
5748 W Ken Caryl Pl Littleton, CO 80128 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 979-8819
Mr. Robert W. Schmitz SOCOM 03-014 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of a Family of Modular Light Tactical Wheeled Vehicles (FMLTWV) |
| Abstract: | The military requires a new vehicle core concept, one that can be quickly adapted to varying roles and tactical situations. Furthermore, the design must use part communality in order to reduce the impact on logistics. This means that the vehicle will have different models filling diverse roles while sharing a majority of components. Thereby reducing the number of spares required for support. The concept submitted in this proposal not only enables different configurations at the point of manufacture but it also provides for quick and ready adaptation while in the field, with the use of simple hand tools. Furthermore, not only would the vehicles share the same modular drive train components but the essential building blocks for the chassis and bodyworks would also be the same, taking advantage of new engineered materials including extrusions and composites. This new vehicle will also be offered in hybrid and non-hybrid models being able to take advantage of either simple conventional propulsion or the new hybrid propulsion with its reduced fuel requirement, stealth operation, enhanced performance and auxiliary power capability. |
| SHADOW MOBILITY SYSTEMS
1616 Hodges Ct. Marina, CA 93933 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(831) 770-1695
Mr. Don Nichols SOCOM 03-014 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of a Family of Modular Light Tactical Wheeled Vehicles (FMLTWV) |
| Abstract: | Shadow Mobility Systems will develop concepts for a Family of Light Tactical Wheeled Vehicles that are Modular and Common in design to integrate Plug and Play Variant Kits to perform specific missions for US Special Forces Teams. |