DoD SBIR FY05.2 - SOLICITATION SELECTIONS w/ ABSTRACTS

DoD SBIR FY05.2 - SOLICITATION SELECTIONS w/ ABSTRACTS
Army - Navy - DARPA - SOCOM - OSD

---------- ARMY ----------

371 Phase I Selections from the 05.2 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

ADVANCED COMPUTATIONAL & ENGINEERING SERVICES 750 Cross Pointe Rd., Suite E Gahanna, OH 43230
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(614) 861-7015 Dr. Kyle C. Koppenhoefer ARMY 05-001 Awarded: 08DEC05
Title:	Ballistic Impact Dynamic Modeling of Fabric for New Protection Systems
Abstract:	Advanced Computation and Engineering Services proposes to develop new and innovative modeling concepts to more accurately define and predict the failure modes of various fabric materials from current and futuristic ballistic impacts, working closely with North Carolina State University and conferring with engineers at body armor manufactures. Extensive research has been conducted by various government laboratories and universities to accurately model the ballistic response of fabrics. However, these research efforts have not produced a general design tool that will assist in the design of ballistic protection systems. This proposal seeks to combine and extend the work of previous researchers to demonstrate the feasibility of a new design tool for ballistic protection systems. Instead of attempting to develop a single modeling method to address the dramatically different needs of a designer, this proposal uses a range of methods. Within this tool, the designer will be capable of conducting detailed modeling of the individual yarns and global modeling of the entire protection system. Thus, this design tool will support a wide range of needs by using different numerical methods. At the conclusion of Phase 1, feasibility of the design tools will have been demonstrated.

CAE SOLUTIONS CORP. 2000 Walnut Avenue, #P103 Fremont, CA 94538
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(510) 681-1176 Mr. Douglas Stillman ARMY 05-001 Awarded: 08DEC05
Title:	Ballistic Impact Dynamic Modeling of Fabric for New Protection Systems
Abstract:	Fabric based protection systems are critical to many kinds of safety systems. A challenge as designs are attempted is that details of failure are not well understood and are difficult to model. For projectiles, failure is dependent on many parameters ranging from the size and shape of the impact point to the velocity of impact, and the conditions of the fabric in terms of weave, support, pre-tensioning and environment. For the designer trying to reliably handle a threat, this uncertainty cannot be resolved without significant testing. We will use a multi-scale approach to develop techniques to improve the fidelity of ballistics models for fabrics. Adaptive modeling techniques permit the resolution of necessary detail in failure regions so that reliable predictions can be. Designers have a variety of fabrics to choose from, including yarn impregnation techniques such as a shear thickening fluid. This research effort emphasizes effects of weaves as well as attempts to characterize in more detail how the shear thickening fluid effects the individual yarns and relates to ballistic performance. The end result will be a tool that designers can use to make decisions in the early stages of design using fabrics for safety systems.

PARASYM 1335 La Solana Dr Altadena, CA 91001
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 230-1259 Dr. Raul Radoviztky ARMY 05-001 Selected for Award
Title:	Ballistic Impact Dynamic Modeling of Fabric for New Protection Systems
Abstract:	This SBIR proposal is concerned with the development of design and analysis tools for the assessment of new protection systems against ballistic impact utilizing novel textile materials. The approach is to develop an integrated simulation facility that incorporates the latest physics-based models for textile-based materials into the state-of-the-art computational mechanics simulation engines for describing ballistic and dynamic impact scenarios. This computational tool will allow the study, analysis and quantitative assessment of the penetration-resistance performance of different fiber/layer/inclusion configurations under a wide range of penetration conditions and projectile characteristics.

SYMPLECTIC ENGINEERING CORP. 2901 Benvenue Ave. Berkeley, CA 94705
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(510) 528-1251 Dr. Shmuel L. Weissman ARMY 05-001 Selected for Award
Title:	Ballistic Impact Dynamic Modeling of Fabric for New Protection Systems
Abstract:	Accomplishing various missions that the US armed forces are called upon to perform often puts their personnel and equipment in harm's way. A common threat is exposure to a variety of ballistic projectiles that range from high-velocity armor-penetrating projectiles to knife stabbing of soldiers. Fabrics are used in a variety of ballistic shields that range from personnel vests to vehicle protective systems. This project will develop practical software for the analysis and optimal design of fabric systems to protect against ballistic threats. The key impediment to this development is the availability of a model that allows accurate representation of the projectile-fabric impact/penetration at a reasonable computational effort. This research will overcome this difficulty through the development and use of a multi-scale constitutive law where the fabric layers will be modeled as a membrane or shell at the macro level, and the yarn-to-yarn interaction will be modeled at the micro-level. The micro-level will be addressed locally at the integration (Gauss) points within each finite element. Globally, the impact will be modeled using explicit finite element simulations. The micro-level will incorporate viscous effects to enable the modeling of fabric impregnated with shear thickening fluids.

OMNITEK PARTNERS, LLC 111 West Main Street Bay Shore, NY 11706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(631) 665-4008 Mr. Aleksandr Treyger ARMY 05-002 Selected for Award
Title:	Novel Actuation Technologies for Guided Precision Munitions
Abstract:	The primary objective of this project is to study the feasibility of a number of novel actuator technology concepts that are particularly suitable for gun-fired projectiles and mortars. These novel actuator concepts will require minimal electrical power for their operation; they are very lightweight and occupy small volume, while being capable of providing high control authority to the guidance and control system of the guided munitions. As a result, the guidance and control system of a projectile equipped with the proposed actuation devices should be capable of achieving significantly enhanced precision for both stationary and moving targets, thereby achieving significantly greater probability of hit. These actuation devices are capable of being integrated into the structure of the projectile, mostly as load bearing structural components, thereby occupying minimal and even no projectile volume. In addition, the actuation devices and their related components are better protected against high firing acceleration loads, vibration, impact loading, repeated loading and acceleration and deceleration cycles that can be experienced during transportation and loading operations. The actuation devices could be used on both subsonic and supersonic projectiles.

AMERICAN GNC CORP. 888 Easy Street Simi Valley, CA 93065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 582-0582 Dr. Ching-Fang Lin ARMY 05-003 Awarded: 28NOV05
Title:	Intelligent Mission Planner/Controller for Multiple Manned and Unmanned Autonomous Vehicles
Abstract:	The objective of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility of an innovative intelligent autonomous mission planner/controller for networked multiple manned/unmanned autonomous vehicles which is applicable to the Future Combat System (FCS), Future Force Warrior (FFW), and Future SOF systems. The intelligent multi-vehicle autonomous mission planner/controller includes navigation, obstacle detection and avoidance, waypoint tasking planner, mission trajectory planner, and vehicle formation control. The navigation subsystem is implemented by fusion of the AGNC coremicro AHRS/INS/GPS Integration Unit, monocular/stereo vision, Doppler radar, odometer, etc. Obstacle detection and avoidance is based on the object detection systems (using ultrasonic sensor, laser radar, and vision) and wireless ad hoc communication networks. A Joint Architecture for Unmanned Systems (JAUS)-compliant intelligent autonomous control system for networked robotic vehicles will be designed and demonstrated.

IROBOT CORP. 63 South Avenue Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 418-3146 Dr. Chris Jones ARMY 05-003 Selected for Award
Title:	Multi-Platform Manned/Unmanned System-Mission Planner/Controller
Abstract:	The goal of this project is to test the effectiveness of a communications, command and control tool. The iRobot automatic mission planner/controller will be used to create and maintain an inventory of available assets (manned or unmanned vehicles, or individual ground personnel) and their special abilities; receive a mission goal and any attendant requirements (i.e., covertness, speed of execution, terrain constraints); and create the specific sub-tasks and paths for the assets to follow in accomplishment of the mission goal - all with minimal intervention on the part of the operator. A simple example would be to use the tool to deploy a mixed group of robots and humans to surround a designated area in an urban setting, providing surveillance of its exit points. Robots with infrared sensing capability might be deployed to monitor traffic through a tunnel area connecting two buildings, robots carrying other specialized equipment might be sent to areas with a high probability of enemy fire, some of the stealthier ones being directed to take the most covert path possible; and the human assets might be reserved away from the line of fire, in an area where human interaction with noncombatants or human responsiveness might be crucial to the subtask at hand. Phase 1 and the Phase 1 option will assess the effectiveness of a very simple control system capable of directing a small number of human and robotic assets in a minimal, but dynamic scenario. Phase II and III will build on the basics examined in Phase I, adding mission complexity, expand the number of units under control; increasing the types and numbers of constraints placed upon the scenarios; and testing the system under field conditions specified by Special Forces or SEAL teams.

KUTTA CONSULTING, INC. 2525 W. Greenway Road, Suite 332 Phoenix, AZ 85023
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(602) 896-1976 Mr. Douglas V. Limbaugh ARMY 05-003 Awarded: 08DEC05
Title:	Multi-Platform Manned/Unmanned System-Mission Planner/Controller
Abstract:	In this proposal, Kutta capitalizes on existing DOD investments, its own hand-held UAV controller technology, and additional UGV technology developed as part of DARPA's 2004 Grand Challenge. This prior work experience and knowledge allows the team to architect a multi-mission planner and controller tool (MMPACT) that is supportive of future hardware and software upgrades. Kutta and its prestigious partners use a proven software engineering methodology to derive the set of functionality for MMPACT. Based upon a functionality assessment, Kutta leverages its experience in architecting flight certifiable software and UV related systems to design a highly-reliable, component-based, JAUS compliant system. The innovative architecture allows the operator to plan, coordinate, and re-plan a heterogeneous mix of manned and unmanned asset acting as a single unit. The phase I effort culminates in a demonstration on a hand-held platform which allows an operator to plan, control and re-plan a typical mission with multiple UAVs, UGVs and manned assets. Kutta also measures and quantifies MMPACT's CPU and memory utilization on a variety of hand-held platforms. At the end of the Phase I effort, Kutta delivers a system and software requirements document and a list of "must have" functionality for MMPACT.

MOBILE INTELLIGENCE CORP. 33150 Schoolcraft Road, Suite 108 Livonia, MI 48150
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 367-0430 Dr. Douglas C. MacKenzie ARMY 05-003 Awarded: 07DEC05
Title:	Multi-Asset Mission Planner and Controller
Abstract:	This project will develop a multi-asset Mission Planner and Controller (MPC). The MPC will decompose tasks into actions applicable to its available assets based on their platform models. The actions will be assigned to specific platforms, both manned and unmanned, in such a way as to minimize the total cost to the team while completing the tasks. Preferences and constraints from the operator will modulate the assignment process. Actions for unmanned assets will either be translated into their native language command language or executed by the controller using a Joint Architecture for Unmanned Systems (JAUS) compliant interface. Platform status information will be used to adjust existing assignments and guide new task assignments to ensure an acceptable and efficient workplan is in place at all times. Finally, this system will remain stable and robust while performing all of these operations in real-time.

ROBOTICS RESEARCH CORP. 101 Landy Lane Cincinnati, OH 45215
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(513) 831-9570 Mr. Paul H. Eismann ARMY 05-003 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Multi-Platform Manned/Unmanned System-Mission Planner/Controller
Abstract:	Compliance with the US Army directive to maximize the coordination and collective capability and effectiveness of small unmanned ground vehicles (SUGV) in reconnaissance, surveillance and combat operations will require an intelligent, netcentric Mission Planning and Control System (MPCS). A set of supporting technologies will be implemented in this program to maximize the cooperative efficacy of the SUGV's to carry out the mission plans formulated by the MPCS. First, a JAUS compliant, multi-platform mobile control agent will be developed, which decomposes MPCS strategies into individual operator and SUGV commands, relays the SUGV progress to the MPCS and assists the operators with controlling the SUGV within the operational parameters set by the MPCS. The MPCS will be able to configure and distribute the multi-platform agent to arbitrary network nodes such as the operator console unit or SUGV platform to optimize the communication and computational constraints of the field environment. Second, autonomous navigational methods will be integrated into the SUGV controller to alleviate the operator with the laborious task of remotely steering it. Third, a comprehensive man-machine interface will be developed to collaborate with the multi-platform control agent and to enable the operator to control simultaneously one or more platforms in a semiautonomous fashion.

21ST CENTURY TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 4515 Seton Center Parkway, Suite 320 Austin, TX 78759
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 342-0010 Dr. Darrin Taylor ARMY 05-004 Selected for Award
Title:	NOMAD: Advanced Algorithms for Prediction, Display, and Visualization of Moving Targets
Abstract:	In this Phase I, we shall develop NOMAD, a moving target prediction system. For each moving enemy target, NOMAD exploits (1) models describing the physical behavior of the moving target and (2) live intelligence about the target from spots reports or sensors such as UAV's. Using this as input, NOMAD's prediction algorithms compute the target's location at future time intervals along with an associated error estimate. In this Phase I NOMAD shall demonstrate a targeting capability by identifying available munitions at future time intervals and positions to kill the enemy - subject to rules of engagement. NOMAD leverages 21CT's (21st Century Technologies) sophisticated 3D visualization system that allows the operator to visualize the prediction of the location of enemy targets in the future. In this Phase I, NOMAD shall be scoped to demonstrate the prediction of ground moving enemy targets and targeting shall be restricted to CAS assets.

AMERICAN GNC CORP. 888 Easy Street Simi Valley, CA 93065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 582-0582 Dr. Xinhua Cao ARMY 05-004 Awarded: 07DEC05
Title:	4D GIS-based Virtual Reality for Moving Target Prediction
Abstract:	The objective of this project is to investigate and demonstrate the feasibility of 4D GIS Based Virtual Reality for Moving Target Prediction. The proposed algorithms are based on the geographical information system (GIS) to provide a virtual scenario of moving targets prediction and possible hitting point within the Common Operating Picture (COP). The proposed algorithms utilize new advanced technology, 4D GIS and virtual reality for 3D virtual terrain and animation simulation of moving target prediction. The project consists of two parts: (1) terrain-/ mobility-based prediction of a moving target, and (2) the motion simulation and visualization. The integrated method enables a single operator to manage the tracking and targeting of multiple moving ground, sea surface, and air targets through predicting, simulating and visualizing the possible future motion of the moving targets.

APPLIED VISIONS, INC. 6 Bayview Avenue Northport, NY 11768
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(631) 754-4920 Mr. Ken Doris ARMY 05-004 Awarded: 13DEC05
Title:	Advanced Algorithms for Prediction, Display, and Visualization of Moving Targets
Abstract:	Applied Visions, Inc.(AVI) proposes to leverage the technology of computer games to provide a powerful new method of predicting and visualizing the potential movement of time critical moving targets for operators of the FCS and FFW networked effects nodes. Our research will build upon the results of a similar SBIR project sponsored by the Navy for the Tactical Tomahawk Weapon Control System (TTWCS). That effort, currently entering Phase II, uses agent-based artificial intelligence algorithms to predict the likely destinations and paths of the targets, combined with sophisticated vehicle mobility modeling to calculate the probable locations of the vehicle at any given future time as they move towards those destinations. Our Phase I effort will be devoted to analyzing the requirements of the Army's FCS fires and effects systems and use those requirements to design and build an early prototype to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. Our Phase II effort will refine the architecture; upgrade the prototype to interface to a fire support system such as AFATDS, then field the prototype to participate in exercises and technology demonstrations.

CHI SYSTEMS, INC. 1035 Virginia Drive, Suite 300 Fort Washington, PA 19034
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 618-1060 Mr. Ken Graves ARMY 05-004 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	Advanced Algorithms for Attack of Moving Targets (A3MT)
Abstract:	In Effects Based Operations (EBO), we apply the proper joint lethal and nonlethal effects to gain a desired outcome. At the tactical level, EBO translates to time critical targeting (TCT), where joint assets must be quickly targeted to obtain effects on a fleeting or moving ground target,. The moving target problem is complex. However, it must be solved if TCT is to become viable within the EBO context. Currently, none of the major joint force targeting systems can predict the future location of a moving ground target with sufficient accuracy to target it. CHI Systems intends to solve this problem by creating a reusable software component called Advanced Algorithms for Attack of Moving Targets (A3MT). A3MT will use terrain and mobility reasoning; friendly joint weapon system characteristics; and sensor updates to accurately predict the future location of hostile targets for attack. A3MT will encapsulate the expertise currently required of forward observers for hitting moving targets, and make it available to future force and legacy targeting systems such as AFATDS. A3MT will provide the means to allow some legacy systems such as AFATDS to transition to the future force, and provide risk reduction for future force networked fires and effects systems.

SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC. 13766 S. Hawthorne Blvd. Hawthorne, CA 90250
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 679-2281 Mr. Edward Bachelder ARMY 05-004 Selected for Award
Title:	Algorithmic Display for Tracking and Predictive Targeting of Mobile Contracts
Abstract:	The battlespace is a system in which events are driven primarily by the cycle of perception, synthesis, decision-making, and action (Boyd's OODA loop). The perceptual and synthesis components of this cycle are currently the battlespace's weakest links. The proposed approach leverages key capabilities in signal processing to present battlespace dynamics in ways that capitalize on human strengths such as pattern recognition and exploratory behavior. Track prediction of targets is conducted using Focused Dynamic Programming optimization that accounts for terrain information and models, weather, vehicle performance parameters and context-dependent objectives. A novel filtering and prediction technique based on wavelets is used to estimate and project vehicle position and velocity from observation data. The processed historical, trend, statistical, and path-probable data are presented to the operator using the concepts of cognitive consolidation, mental map overlay, and information synthesis through user interaction. The operator can deploy and sequence sensors, and prioritize objectives (or authorize preset priorities) for each target. Munition and available shooter are matched to targets, presenting the operator with a targeting solution that can be revised (specific munitions selected) or accepted. A software prototype, called the Algorithmic Targeting Display System (ATDS) will demonstrate concept feasibility of using a time-critical targeting simulation.

TOYON RESEARCH CORP. Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 685-3601 Mr. Robert M. Wilkerson ARMY 05-004 Selected for Award
Title:	Advanced Algorithms for Prediction, Display, and Visualization of Moving Targets
Abstract:	Toyon Research Corporation proposes to develop an algorithm for the display and visualization of ground vehicle movement predictions based upon sequential Monte Carlo sampling techniques, or particle filters. Ground vehicle movement comprises a vast number of nonlinear elements imposed by operational factors such as terrain, weather, movement characteristics, and tactics that make the prediction problem difficult to formulate. Often such nonlinearities are discarded, but doing so limits the precision of the resulting prediction; an undesired consequence when human operators must make decisions based upon the predictions they receive. Thus, a prediction algorithm is required that provides both a coherent display of the probable movement, and incorporates nonlinear factors that affect the vehicle's motion. Particle filtering methods provide a fitting solution to such an application due to their acceptance of nonlinearities in the dynamic model of the system, and their natural ability to formulate an intuitive visual representation of the uncertainty in the prediction. At the conclusion of Phase I, Toyon will demonstrate a ground vehicle movement prediction algorithm that fuses battlespace information into a particle filter state estimator to provide accurate predicted PDFs for display.

21ST CENTURY TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 4515 Seton Center Parkway, Suite 320 Austin, TX 78759
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 342-0010 Mr. Logan Gilbert ARMY 05-005 Selected for Award
Title:	Advanced Future Fires and Effect Component Technology
Abstract:	The aim of this project is to research, develop, and validate Advanced Future Fires and Effects Component Technology (AFFECT), a system focused on significant improvement of network-centric fires management, control and execution. The proposed system would provide foundational components for the development of network fires management software. These components will provide mechanisms for resolving the complex problems involved in dynamic weapon-target pairing, route/mission planning, dynamic retargeting and dynamic de-confliction. The system would ultimately facilitate robust and efficient components for enhancing the execution of Future Combat System (FCS) fires which will greatly enhance its ability to maintain superior fires while retaining flexibility and mobility. The Phase I effort will (i) establish AFFECT specifications, hardware, and software architecture, (iii) investigate technologies used by AFFECT, and (iv) develop prototype software built on AFFECT. Key innovations include: (i) our methodologies for modeling a constraints-based environment, (ii) our strategy for generating fast and optimal solutions using genetic algorithms; and (iii) combining these for constraints-based planning and scheduling. We shall utilize years of experience in component architectures to encapsulate these innovations in a manner which is conducive to rapid reuse; and scalable and evolvable enough to meet the challenges necessitated by future network-centric fires management.

CHI SYSTEMS, INC. 1035 Virginia Drive, Suite 300 Fort Washington, PA 19034
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 618-1060 Mr. Ken Graves ARMY 05-005 Awarded: 07DEC05
Title:	CDAS Web Interface Services (CWIS)
Abstract:	In the last five years, the Joint Forces Command (JFCOM) has made Network-centric Joint Time Critical Targeting (TCT) a major focus of its annual JFCOM exercises. The current ARDEC Combat Decision Aiding System (CDAS) application, which provides an order of magnitude improvement in TCT is currently unable to interface to the JFCOM web-services environment, hence cannot provide its services to JFCOM. CDAS transition to JFCOM is a high priority. CHI Systems intends to solve this problem by creating a reusable, portable software component called CDAS Web Interface Services (CWIS). CWIS will be a plug in CDAS component which will interface to the JFCOM web-based environment via Extended Markup Language (XML). The component will perform the SOAP, UDDI, and WSDL services needed within the JFCOM environment, and serve as a translator between the JFCOM environment and the CDAS tactical targeting database. CWIS will provide the means to allow CDAS to communicate with other JFCOM TCT systems such as the Advanced Field Artillery Tactical Data System (AFATDS) and Theater Battle Management and Control System (TBMCS) in order to provide advanced CDAS TCT capabilities. This will provide a clear transition path for CDAS, whereby CDAS TCT capabilities are available to all JFCOM clients.

FD SOFTWARE ENTERPRISES, LLC. 105 Greentree Drive Bangor, PA 18013
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(570) 422-3739 Dr. Mary DeVito ARMY 05-005 Awarded: 08DEC05
Title:	Reusable Component Based Data And Response Management Decision Aid Infrastructure Technology Tool To Support Net Centric Fires
Abstract:	The proposed innovation integrates the following technologies: intelligent mobile agents, distributed computing, cognitive technologies, surveillance networks, heterogeneous relational database mapping, forward based decision making, remote information fusion, target value analytics, target/asset pairing strategies, and probability/prediction technologies to provide a reusable component based data and response management decision aid infrastructure technology tool to support Net Centric Fires. As stated in US Army military field manuals FM 3-02.12 and FM 100-12 the methodology utilized to drive the targeting process is Decide, Detect, Deliver and Assess (D3A). The tool will provide a decision aid infrastructure to support the D3A methodology. The D3A methodology is an integral part of the military decision making process from the receipt of the mission through execution. This methodology organizes the efforts of the commander and his staff to accomplish key targeting objectives. This task will be accomplished by integrating intelligent mobile agents, which will be strategically deployed. Their purpose is to gather, fuse, and extract pertinent data. The agents will then coordinate their efforts using multi-parameter target rule sets and probability/prediction technologies to determine target prioritization. The tool will determine the appropriate target/asset/protocol pairing. The approach is to integrate existing product technologies into our baseline web-based or stand-alone real-time data and response management decision aid infrastructure technology tool.

GESTALT, LLC 1040 First Avenue, Suite 302 King of Prussia, PA 19406
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(856) 614-5445 Mr. Eric Wiseblatt ARMY 05-005 Awarded: 08DEC05
Title:	Sensor-Target Pairing in a Net Centric Environment
Abstract:	The effort of this proposal will focus on creating an adaptable decision support system based on a Service Oriented Architecture for intelligent mission planning systems, and the design for an open system for sensor-target pairing based on that architecture. The architecture will support the DoD Net Centric Data strategy and will be adapted to support the distribution of metadata for non-sensor information as well

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Brian Xu ARMY 05-005 Awarded: 07DEC05
Title:	Networked Intelligent Agents and Distributed Decision Aids for Net Centric Fires
Abstract:	Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Networked Intelligent Agents and Distributed Decision Aids (NIADDA) for net centric fires. The proposed NIADDA system will consist of three major modules: real-time intelligent agents module for real time cognitive decision aids facilitating rule engines, neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, artificial intelligence and soft computing; Web-based user interface module using document automation and Web-based Internet protocols; and cross-platform API (application programming interface) module that will be coded with reusable code base, i.e. C++, which will significantly decrease development time for future Army applications. The intelligent agents module is configurable and customizable to create specialized intelligent agents to accomplish their tasks, as a key component in the NIADDA. The NIADDA capabilities can be used via both Web Services and API. In Phase I POC will demonstrate functionality and reusability through simulation and performance assessment. The innovative NIADDA applications will provide the basis for developing next generation intelligent agents for network centric fires, to support application component development in Phase II. In Phase II we will develop detailed component design and component API specifications, implement software and application scenarios, and provide complete documentation of the NIADDA techniques, analyses, and demonstration results.

STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC. 951 Mariner's Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 931-2700 Mr. Richard Stottler ARMY 05-005 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Automated Net Centric Fires Management using Artificial Intelligence Techniques
Abstract:	The major opportunity we present is our substantial intelligent planning and scheduling experience and existing customizable intelligent planning, resource selection, and scheduling architecture along with our in-depth knowledge of combined arms fires and effects planning, integration, coordination, and deconfliction and FCS capabilities. We propose, ultimately, the development of an Intelligent FCS Fires Management System (IFFMS), integrated with the FCS System-of-systems Common Operating Environment (SoSCOE) which monitors the position and status of net centric fires related weapon systems and sensors and the position and status of observed enemy units and assets, receives existing plans and requests for fire support and fire missions, generates fire plans (including routes) to best meet the requests, and performs the necessary fires integration, coordination, and deconfliction. In Phase I we will explore the net centric fires and effects planning, coordination, integration, and deconfliction process with current operational experts and those familiar with FCS, elaborate the artificial intelligence techniques useful for automating the planning/resource selection/scheduling/conflict resolution process, capture the planning, coordination, integration, and deconfliction knowledge needed to generate optimized, correct plans, investigate FCS SoSCOE integration requirements, prove the feasibility of these techniques through prototype development, and develop the Phase II system specification for IFFMS.

AGILTRON CORP. 15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Dr. Jack Salerno ARMY 05-006 Selected for Award
Title:	High Performance and Low Cost Sniper Riflescope Detection Lidar
Abstract:	Dual Source Enemy Identification and Negation Lidar (DSEINL) is a preferred method with wide field of view and high detection rate to find and identify enemy combatants and sniper rifles by receiving the co-reflected or retro-reflected light from the sighting riflescope or the enemy combatant��s eyes. The sighting scope mounted on weapons, such as sniper rifles, has a reticle plate fixed on the imaging plane of the objective lens. The reflection of the reticle plate forms a back-propagating light beam featuring very small divergent angle and very weak depolarization. Similarly the human eye also causes a strong retro-reflection. Based on these features, Agiltron Inc. proposes a low cost and reliable DSEINL technology using an imaging sensor to detect, identify, locate and deny enemy combatants. The proposed technology uses two switching light sources that are separated from each other. The separation distance is adjustable, and the received images differ under the illumination by the two light sources. By subtracting the images, single or multiple riflescopes, as well as enemy combatants looking at the system can be detected while background signals can be virtually eliminated. This system holds the promise of high sensitivity, large surveillance area, low cost, high reliability and the capability of differentiating sniper rifles and human eyes from other possible strong scattering objects. This technology can be used for both pre-searching of enemy combatants and for hand off to other lethal and non-lethal systems. The Phase I effort will conduct a proof-of-principle demonstration of this advanced detection technology and in Phase II will produce a full specification compliant working prototype.

LI CREATIVE TECHNOLOGIES 30 A Vreeland Road, Suite 130 Florham Park, NJ 07932
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(973) 822-0048 Dr. Qi (Peter) Li ARMY 05-007 Selected for Award
Title:	Smart Self-Configuring Miniature Windscreen
Abstract:	A novel and promising solution is proposed for a smart self-configuring miniature windscreen. The proposed solution includes a mechanical windscreen, MEMS microphones, and a DSP windscreen. The mechanical windscreen will be designed by numerical simulation. The finite-element method will be utilized to simulate the effect of different shapes of windscreens on the aerodynamics in the vicinity of the diaphragm. The windscreen of optimal shape and material will be tested and verified on a test bed which physically simulates the real operating environment. The DSP windscreen will be implemented by a microphone array, our unique noise-reduction algorithms, and a single DSP chip. The proposed low-cost solution can totally remove wind noise without distortion of other signals.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Information Technologies Division, 20600 Gramercy Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Keehoon Kim ARMY 05-007 Awarded: 22NOV05
Title:	Autonomous Self-Configuring/Self-Regulating Smart Sensing Windscreen
Abstract:	To address the U.S. Army need for a miniature windscreen, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new dynamic miniature windscreen, autonomous self-configuring/self-regulating smart-sensing (AS4) system based on a set of dynamic meshes and a self-sensing strip. The AS4 windscreen is integrated with a simple, no-maintenance sensor that directly neutralizes aggravating effects of wind noise in real time. The AS4's efficient self-configurable mechanism, without mechanical moving parts, dynamically regulates air turbulence and buffeting according to sensed wind parameters. Despite its extreme compactness, the AS4's active windshielding is responsive to time-variant wind noise, transients, and blowing sounds. In Phase I we will complete the design of a preliminary laboratory prototype, develop self-sensing and self-regulation, and demonstrate the functional AS4 system in a simulation testbed, in which we will simulate transient wind noise. In Phase II POC plans to develop a packaged AS4 system satisfying design configurations and critical implementation parameters, and to demonstrate the final prototype to verify key performance parameters.

CROSSFIELD TECHNOLOGY LLC 4505 Spicewood Springs Road, Suite 360 Austin, TX 78759
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 795-0220 Mr. Dennis Ferguson ARMY 05-008 Awarded: 22NOV05
Title:	Conformal Semiconductor Circuits
Abstract:	Crossfield proposes to develop a hybrid direct write technique for developing conformal circuits and semiconductors. Crossfield, together with Honeywell and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) intend to demonstrate a conformal circuit technique that enables the metal elements of the circuit (such as power and signal traces or antennas) and supporting semiconductors such as bias circuits to be directly written to the conformal surface. The remaining active devices will employ a high performance semiconductor fabrication technique based on Honeywell's Silicon on Insulator (SOI) technology. SOI is well suited to the conformal circuit fabrication process and will enable digital or millimeterwave devices to be added on the previously developed metal patterns. The finished conformal circuit will be low cost, while enjoying the high performance of existing, mature semiconductor technology.

INFORMATION SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 5412 Hilldale Court Fort Collins, CO 80526
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(970) 224-2556 Dr. M.R. Azimi-Sadjadi ARMY 05-009 Selected for Award
Title:	Collaborative Transient Event Detection, Localization and Classification in Distributed Sensor Networks
Abstract:	A critical need for distributed sensor networks employed in various military operations, e.g. in MOUT, is an innovative transient event localization and classification system that fully exploits the limited communication, processing and power resources. A system level solution is sought that can provide an accurate assessment of threat events on the battlefield. The algorithms should be able to process a wide range of transient events in real-time and without confusion for different sensor modalities. The goal of this Phase I research is to develop innovative system level solution that (a) can detect and agree on dynamically occurring transient events using simple sensor-level detection schemes, (b) perform collaborative and confusion-free transient event localization using multiple time difference of arrival (TDOA) method, (c) estimate and restore transient signals from noisy and faded signatures, (d) extract salient time-frequency features using wavelet-based analysis, (e) perform transient classification using subband fusion and mixtures of decision experts, (f) and develop an overall battlefield transient event assessment based upon the temporal-spatial history of occurrence and types of transient events detected, localized and classified. We propose to test our algorithms and demonstrate their effectiveness on multiple transient signature data sets corresponding to ground vehicles, artillery fires, mortar fires, small arms fires, etc. that will be acquired from the US Army ARDEC.

COHERENT LOGIX, INC. 101 West 6th Street, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 791-6489 Mr. David Gibson ARMY 05-010 Selected for Award
Title:	Multi-Chip Modules for Hyperspectral Image Processing (MCM-HIP)
Abstract:	Coherent Logix, Incorporated (CLX) proposes to develop a multi-chip module (MCM) system for hyperspectral image processing and other high throughput signal processing applications requiring ultra-low power, extremely-high performance, and a ultra-small form factor. Hyperspectral image processors are currently made by soldering a large number of components onto multiple printed circuit boards resulting in high power, large, heavy systems barely suitable for mounting on automotive vehicles. These systems are too heavy and bulky for a soldier to carry or to mount on micro-UAVs. With the advancement of new revolutionary signal processing technology being developed cooperatively by the US Army, DARPA, and US Air Force, a breakthrough in weight and size reduction may be obtained with multi-chip modules (MCMs) using new interconnection systems and packaging techniques. In the Phase I program, CLX will design several MCMs around its advanced digital signal processor technology. New packaging technologies, including 3-D interconnection and chip stacking will be explored. The different approaches will be compared and trade-offs made based on realistic environmental factors, ruggedization, reliability, and manufacturability. Based on trades, detailed specifications will be developed to facilitate detailed product design, development, and demonstration in Phase 2 of the program.

FRONTIER PERFORMANCE POLYMERS CORP. 26 Robert Street Parsippany, NJ 07054
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(973) 989-8463 Dr. Jerry Chung ARMY 05-011 Selected for Award
Title:	Innovative Lightweight Small-Arm Polymer Cased Ammunition
Abstract:	To ensure that America's soldiers maintain their overwhelming combat edge into 21st century, use of lightweight polymers as the cartridge case material can alleviate a significant portion of this weight burden for soldiers. The objectives of this proposal is to demonstrate Frontier's innovative design and material technologies to produce high performance, lightweight small arm polymer cased ammunition that will achieve Army's goal of reducing combat soldier's load by 30 percent and increase his mobility. Recognizing the major root causes of past failures, Frontier has developed an innovative polymer cartridge case design and two proprietary polymer materials expected to overcome many potential failure modes of existing polymer case development efforts, such as insufficient ballistic performance, cracks on case mouth, neck, body and/or base, bonding failure of the metal-plastic hybrid case, difficulty of extraction from the chamber, incompatibility with propellant. It has the potential to achieve ballistic performance, be compatible with current cartridge manufacturing and assembling process, and be capable of operating under open and close bolt operation environments, while weighing 30 percent less than current system. Moreover, the technology can be applicable to not only 5.56mm but can also be readily used for 7.62mm and .50 caliber cartridge cases.

OPTO-KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS, INC. 4030 Spencer St, Suite 108 Torrance, CA 90503
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 371-4445 Dr. Nahum Gat ARMY 05-012 Awarded: 18NOV05
Title:	Development of optimal LWIR-to-color RGB transformation mapping based on neural nets using thermal IR hyperspectral imagery of scenes
Abstract:	OKSI will use hyperspectral data cubes collected at 128 bands within the thermal infrared spectral range of 7 to 14 microns to determine the optimal combination of three or four 1 �m wide bands that produce color (RGB) imagery that is most similar to that seen by the human eye. The resulting RGB images will be created from the chosen long wave infrared bands via a nonlinear mapping transformation using a biologically inspired neural network. The transformation map will be established on the basis of existing ground truth data (i.e., conventional color imagery and/or visible spectrum hyperspectral imagery) used in conjunction with corresponding thermal infrared hyperspectral imagery. OKSI already possesses a large archive of such hyperspectral thermal IR imagery, and has access to additional data from almost every hyperspectral LWIR imager in use in the US. Additional imagery will be generated, under a subsequent phase, using a high fidelity visible to LWIR scene generator such as DIRSIG. For real-time data processing, OKSI proposes to implement the mapping transformation in an FPGA. This provides a very low power, small package that can be built as an embedded hardware and combined with existing camera electronics. This approach benefits from other OKSI legacy projects in real time video data exploitation and color night vision development.

OMNITEK PARTNERS, LLC 111 West Main Street Bay Shore, NY 11706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(631) 665-4008 Mr. Aleksandr Treyger ARMY 05-013 Awarded: 13DEC05
Title:	Hybrid Soldier Power Source
Abstract:	Currently, American troops are well equipped electronically. The soldier of the future is planned to carry even more electronic and electrically powered equipment. The electrical power requirement for soldier creates weight and logistics problems. It is therefore highly desirable to develop novel methods and devices for harvesting energy from locomotion to reduce dependence of the soldier on direct battery supplied electrical energy. The primary objective of this project is to study the feasibility of a novel method to harvest mechanical energy from a walking or running subject and transform it to electrical energy for direct use, or for storage in a storage device such as a capacitor or a rechargeable battery. The main advantage of this novel method is that the energy harvesting power sources that are developed based on this method allows the walking or running soldier to generate electrical energy, while at the same time getting less fatigued that he/she would without the device. The proposed energy harvesting devices are capable of producing over 2 Watts of power during normal walking without being cumbersome or increasing the soldier's thermal signature.

SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS & RESEARCH ASSOC., INC. 6300 Gateway Dr. Cypress, CA 90630
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 224-4410 Dr. Robert Koslover ARMY 05-014 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Disposable/Survivable Antenna Technology
Abstract:	Application of high-power RF via an antenna placed directly near a hostile target offers the advantage of delivering maximum power and energy. Since this also puts the radiating antenna directly in harm's way, it calls for a highly-deployable antenna that is either low-cost and logistically-compact enough to be disposable (if destroyed) or sufficiently robust to survive serious fragmentation/blast. A relatively high-power (Pave > 1 kW), broadband VHF/UHF (200-800 MHz) antenna with moderate gain (~ 6-12 dB), which can stow compactly, is inexpensive, and is easy to deploy would expand the Army's options for using RF directed-energy weapons. Combining classic broadband geometries with new lightweight, flexible, and low-cost materials and fabrication techniques, we propose to develop a novel self-expanding and collapsible antenna which is highly-survivable against fragmentation/blast and rapidly field-replaceable. Prototypes will be designed with compactness, simplicity, manufacturability, portability, reliability, cost, and ease of use in mind. We will pursue a multi-pronged R&D attack, applying: (1) established algorithms to bound the key RF design parameters; (2) expert selection of appropriate materials; (3) numerical models to characterize and optimize electromagnetic and structural performance; and (4) experiments to confirm the feasibility of the proposed approach. __________________________________________________ ___________________________

FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY, INC. 26 Castilian Drive, Suite B Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 277-8396 Mr. Gary Key ARMY 05-015 Awarded: 13DEC05
Title:	Target Image Transformation and Transfer
Abstract:	Frontier Technology, Inc. (FTI) and University of Florida (UF) propose to develop and analyze designs and prototype software for a system that will resize, transform, compress, and transfer target imagery and associated reference points from a Fire Control System to an autonomous small caliber projectile for storage. The proposed POSIT system would assist the LFLSP (future SSMSA) onboard target classifier in the recognition/identification of features or behaviors of targets during movement among defilade positions. We propose to analyze and enhance POSIT performance to support: (a) Target image selection by command from a fire control system at the launch point, followed by transformation and resizing to appear as to the projectile's imaging system at turn-on, (b) Image transmission and storage within the projectile's recognition and tracking system to enable target identification using conventional points of reference in the field of view. Phase-I will evaluate, extend and exploit FTI/UF's successful, NVESD-sponsored R&D for dynamic automated target recognition from spinning projectiles. Analysis will emphasize space/time complexity, cost, space/power consumption, and effect on the accuracy of the current LFLSP pattern recognition system. Phase-II will develop and test prototype hardware and software.

INTELLIGENT OPTICAL SYSTEMS, INC. 2520 W. 237th Street Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 530-7130 Dr. Igor Ternovskiy ARMY 05-015 Awarded: 07DEC05
Title:	Differential Geometry Based Image Resizing for Small Arms Targeting
Abstract:	Providing a fast and accurate way to deliver an image of the target to a small caliber autonomous projectile using a single camera remains a major challenge, particularly in applications that demand rapid response in combat environments. Intelligent Optical Systems (IOS), in collaboration with NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, proposes to develop an improved 3-D reconstruction methodology using the "3-D from shape" effect. This technique will use advanced mathematical techniques to construct dynamically changing scene representations that create pseudo 3-D models of 2-D scenes and objects, using only 2-D images as input. This approach can greatly enhance the identification of moving targets in static and cluttered backgrounds. In Phase I, IOS will develop advanced software for creating and processing 3-D models from images, and will produce a working demonstration of the system using realistic images. In Phase II, IOS will extend and improve this system, and will transmit a resized and enhanced image to a breadboard memory representative of a potential projectile-carried memory.

KALLAPAL ENGINEERING 2527 Condor Drive Audubon, PA 19403
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 539-1739 Ms. Kalla Narayan ARMY 05-016 Selected for Award
Title:	Novel Low-Cost Full Position and Angular Orientation Sensors for Guidance and Control of Precision Munitions
Abstract:	The position and orientation of smart and guided projectiles, including gun-fired munitions and missiles, must be accurately known in order for them to be able to successfully reach their targets. While various techniques are presently used, they are limited in their accuracy or require significant amounts of power. In the proposed project a novel orientation angle sensor for guided, gun-fired munitions is proposed to be developed. The system comprises a ground-based polarized RF source and waveguide sensors on board the munition. The project will be focused on optimizing the design and location of sensors on the munition to determine full 3-D spatial orientation of the munition and the development of algorithms to determine the spatial orientation of the munition based on the received power at the sensors. Additionally, a novel means of determining the position of the munition using RF source and receivers will be investigated.

CALABAZAS CREEK RESEARCH, INC. 20937 Comer Drive Saratoga, CA 95070
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 741-8680 Dr. Lawrence Ives ARMY 05-017 Awarded: 07DEC05
Title:	A 250 kW Multiple Beam Higher Order Mode Inductive Output Tube
Abstract:	We propose to use a Multiple Beam IOT approach. This configuration has several small cathodes arranged in a circular pattern. This provides a thermally and mechanically robust arrangement for supporting the modulating grids and forming the input cavity of the device. Each individual beam, or beamlet, will traverse the IOT circuit in its own individual beam tunnel. This will eliminate the possibility of coupling RF power from the output circuit toward the electron gun since the individual beam tunnels will not support the coaxial transmission line mode. This configuration will facilitate development of RF sources in the range of interest: 200 MHz to at least 1 GHz. The proposed program will investigate each of the critical issues involved in development of the 250 kW, L-Band multiple beam IOT and determine if solutions can be developed to justify construction and testing of a prototype in a Phase II program.

TDA RESEARCH, INC. 12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 940-2317 Dr. Silvia Luebben ARMY 05-018 Awarded: 22NOV05
Title:	Delivery of Nanoparticles and Microbial Reagents to Deep Soil for In-Situ Remediation of Contaminated Sites
Abstract:	Recent studies show that zero-valent metal nanoparticles, metal-oxide nanoparticles, and microbial reagents are among the most promising remediants for the detoxification of heavily contaminated sites that contain hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons and metals. Unfortunately, it is difficult to treat large volumes of soil with a single injection because nanoparticles and microbial reagents are easily filtered out by absorption and flocculation on the charged surfaces of minerals and soil. During this project, TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) proposes to develop a technology to deliver stabilized nanoparticles and microbial reagents that have improved transport properties and reduced absorption in soil and sediments. During this project TDA will apply its expertise in nanoparticle surface modification and stabilization in liquid media to specific nanoparticles that have been proven to be good environmental remediants on a laboratory scale. In Phase II TDA will demonstrate this technology in a field assessment at a pilot site. This technology will be useful for the reactive in-situ cleanup of contaminated deep soil sites.

AMBP TECH CORP. 275 Cooper Ave., Suite 112 Tonawanda, NY 14150
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(716) 447-2587 Mr. Nehal Chokshi ARMY 05-019 Awarded: 13DEC05
Title:	Dielectric Materials Enhancement via Excimer Laser Processing
Abstract:	Directed Energy Weapons of the microwave nature require high microwave power devices which employ insulators. Currently, a major limitation to the microwave power that can be generated is the limited electric field an insulator can withstand within vacuum due to the surface flashover phenomena. While the exact nature of the propagation of the surface flashover event across the insulator surface is still under debate, it is clear that charge trapping at the insulator surface plays a major facilitative role in the propagation of the flashover. AMBP Tech proposes to utilize excimer laser processing to eliminate the charge trapping centers through the annihilation of point defects, which should then eliminate the surface flashover phenomena. AMBP Tech will apply its expertise in laser processing to ceramic and polymeric materials to determine which material has the more promising path to eliminating the surface flashover and help enable higher microwave power devices.

HEM TECHNOLOGIES 3518 27th St Lubbock, TX 79410
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(806) 441-1147 Dr. David J Hemmert ARMY 05-020 Awarded: 07DEC05
Title:	Performance Enhancements for Explosively Driven Magnetic Flux Compression Generators
Abstract:	Explosively driven magnetic flux compression generators have been extensively researched for dozens of years with little change in fundamental design and overall performance. One of the best understood and commonly used MFCG is the helical generator. These devices are very inefficient (5% to 10%) at converting the chemical energy in explosive into electrical energy. One severe limitation of these devices is the physical driving of the armature to the stator to reduce the generator volume and resulting inductance. HEM Technologies proposes a novel technique to minimize the losses associated with driving an armature in an MFCG. This will allow for smaller armature diameters (larger initial inductance) and less explosives with overall higher generator gain and chemical to electrical energy efficiency. In addition to the potential applications of the technology for the defense services, the developed technology has potential as a compact explosive power source for oil and mineral exploration.

TANNER RESEARCH, INC. 2650 East Foothill Boulevard Pasadena, CA 91107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 792-3000 Dr. Michael Emerling ARMY 05-020 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Medium-Caliber Gun-Launched Explosive-Driven Magnetic Flux Compression Warhead
Abstract:	Tanner Research proposes to demonstrate how an existing one-inch diameter ferro-electric generator (FEG) device can be enhanced to develop high-powered microwaves (HPM) for use in gun-launched medium-caliber warheads. Using a linear initiator to simultaneously detonate the explosive driver over the entire armature length, in order to coincide with maximum flux density, will effectively eliminate any need to `compress' the magnetic flux to obtain HPM power output. Initiation simultaneity will significantly reduce warhead size, cost and complexity. Tanner will be teamed with Loki, Inc. and use their FEG devices as the baseline magnetic circuit hardware. Tanner will be adapting to the Loki FEG devices a battery-powered high voltage fireset (1200V) as seed power to both stimulate the magnetic flux build-up and power the linear initiator. By adding timing and switching circuitry, Tanner expects to complete a proof-of-concept device suitable for demonstration and test. The energetics and linear detonator can be added to test and evaluate the HPM power output.

INNOSYS 3622 West 1820 South Salt Lake City, UT 84104
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(801) 975-7399 Dr. Larry Sadwick ARMY 05-021 Awarded: 13DEC05
Title:	L-Band High Power Amplifiers for Directed Energy Weapons
Abstract:	This solicitation calls for research and exploration on approaches to find solutions to high power W-band amplifiers for use in directed energy (DE) weapons that are more affordable and compact and have additional desirable features including low standby power and instant-on capabilities and are, for example, HUMVEE field friendly. In addition the ability to produce such amplifiers in relatively large quantity should be of additional use and value. InnoSys intends to research and explore in an in depth, systematic manner reasonable possible solutions to achieving the objective and goal of a relatively affordable, low standby power, instant turn on, compact, high volume manufacturing capacity system solution that meets the requirements needed for active directed energy weapons.

PROFESSIONAL SERVICES GROUP PO Box 4914, 4046 Quenita Drive Winter Park, FL 32793
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 628-2530 Dr. Mark E. Koltko-Rivera ARMY 05-022 Selected for Award
Title:	Simulated Assessment for Personnel Selection
Abstract:	The ultimate SBIR product is stipulated as a standardized process and system to develop job simulations for personnel selection, with these characteristics: (a) it provides detailed information on performance aspects that contribute to overall performance; (b) it allows for the development of multiple simulations built upon a common architecture and interface; and, (c) it builds upon what is already known from the domain of job/task analysis, rather than requiring intense input from subject matter experts. To meet this need, we propose to develop the Job-Performance Assessment Simulation System (J-PASS). The J-PASS is defined in terms of three types of users: Developers (who develop the simulations), Testees (whose job performance is being evaluated), and Proctors (who administer J-PASS simulations to Testees). The J-PASS will consist of these modules: (1) the Shell, which gives access to the system for Developers and Proctors; (2) the Simulation Editor, which develops and edits MOS-specific job simulations; (3) the Component Library, which contains components for the simulation of various aspects of jobs; (4) the Performance Evaluator, which allows Developers to define performance criteria; (5) the Simulation Archive, which contains developed Job Simulations; and, (6) the Simulation Manager, which administers the Job Simulation and reports Testee performance.

JXT APPLICATIONS, INC. 2673 Commons Blvd, Suite 20 Dayton, OH 45431
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 306-5003 Mr. Mark Crabtree ARMY 05-023 Selected for Award
Title:	Establishing Selection Measures of Vigilance Performance
Abstract:	Vigilance, or the ability to maintain focus of attention and remain alert for prolonged periods of time, is a very important attribute for warfighters in today's technology-driven battlespace. Problematic is the fact that individuals vary widely in their ability to maintain vigilance performance over time. Thus, there is a need to select individuals based on their vigilance performance capability for specific job assignments. Many researchers have tried and failed in their attempt to develop tools for identifying individuals who can maintain high levels of vigilance performance. Some previous attempts did not benefit from guidance afforded by sound human performance theories, and they generally employed a singular approach toward predicting vigilance performance. Recent research indicates that vigilance is multidimensional and is correlated both with certain personality factors and the individual's response to stress and workload. Also, evidence suggests that long term vigilance performance is correlated with intense short-term performance on specific tasks. Taken together, these results suggest a multi-pronged approach to the development of a valid, inexpensive, and efficient vigilance selection battery that includes personality test elements, performance tasks, and cognitive workload/stress assessment. The primary product of Phase I is the design and demonstration of this battery.

MIRUM CORP. 805 Gibbon St. Alexandria, VA 22314
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 683-1840 Mr. Joseph Chiara ARMY 05-024 Selected for Award
Title:	Trust in Temporary Groups
Abstract:	As organizations have moved toward less centralized arrangements, interdependence of individuals and units has become more common. One of the most important determinants of performance in interdependent systems is trust (Axelrod, 1984; Kramer, 1999). Without some level of trust, transaction costs in an interdependent system become unmanageable, and the system fails. There are a variety of factors that influence the development of trust. One of the most important is experience. In particular, trust between one entity and another develops as a result of the trustor experiencing competent, reliable, well-intentioned behavior on the part of the trustee. This �?oswift trust�?? is likely to be more fragile than trust that is allowed to develop more slowly. Thus, in addition to establishing the determinants of trust in temporary work groups, it would be useful to examine the factors that allow the initial trust in temporary groups to develop into a less fickle form of trust should the group remain together for a more extended period of time

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5260 Dr. Jacqueline Haynes ARMY 05-025 Selected for Award
Title:	An IPD-based approach for Adaptable Story-based Leadership Training & Assessment
Abstract:	instructional design and SCORM-compliant web-based distance learning infrastructure to create a richer learning environment that is believable, adaptable and easily accessible. Interactive Pedagogical Drama is an instructional environment where "the learning of skills is through compelling interactive stories". In order to construct an IPD-inspired leadership training environment, we propose to create the following: intelligent agent-based infrastructure that supports modeling of believable role-playing characters; training scenario that has a good story structure focusing on developing and assessing leadership abilities, with a strong narrative drive and is believable to the learners training on it; instructional design that leverages the adaptability that IPD provides and an infrastructure that combines real-time simulations with web-based learning. We will have 4 objectives: (1) Use IAI's intelligent agent modeling infrastructure, MAGIC, for creating role-playing characters in adaptable stories. (2) Modify/adapt a crowd-behavior simulation to create leadership training scenarios that provides domain for instruction. (3) Use IAI's SITA infrastructure for integrating adaptable story-based simulations into distance learning environments. (4) Create a training /assessment module that demonstrates the effectiveness of IPD-based instructions.

PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP. 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 368-6107 Dr. Michael Hertz ARMY 05-025 Selected for Award
Title:	Adaptive Role-play Exercises for a Leader Development Center.
Abstract:	Progeny proposes to use their non-tactical application/e-learning experience from the U.S. Navy to support Army e-learning and simulation for development of leadership in stressful combat situations. Progeny intends to treat simulation components as Shareable Content Object Reuse Model (SCORM) Reusable Learning Objects (RLOs) and use the SCORM sequencing standard to deliver these simulations as part of an interactive learning scenario. This application would utilize the open source, open standard Common Technical Architecture and Service Oriented Architecture products being delivered to the DoD.

AGILE MATERIALS & TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 93 Castilian Drive Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-5159 Mr. Roger Forse ARMY 05-026 Awarded: 17NOV05
Title:	Materials Integration and Processing of Nonlinear Tunable Thin Films with Affordable Large Area Substrates to Promote Microwave Frequency (Ka band) Wafer Phased Array Antennas
Abstract:	Agile has successfully demonstrated the ability to design and manufacture high performance, voltage controllable analog millimeter wave phase shifters for use in phased array antennas using the ferroelectric material, Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) in thin film form. Agile has also performed pioneering work in the design and manufacture of phased array monolithic antennas manufactured on a single substrate. This work was performed for a commercial application, automotive anti-collision radar conformally mounted on the bumpers, but is ideally suited for the manufacture of cost-effective and scalable conformal antennas. Agile is proposing to develop a Ka band 2-D electronically scanned antennas on a single wafer containing the phase shifters, feed network and antenna radiating elements utilizing our BST technology and industry standard semiconductor manufacturing techniques. Our current substrate is 4" in diameter and less than 500 microns thick. These integrated antennas can be manufactured at a low cost. The Phase I proposal will focus on extending our work from the automotive radar effort and performing high fidelity EM simulations and produce a mask design for a 2-D monolithic scanning antenna. Phase II will involve the actual manufacture of the antenna designed in Phase I.

SVT ASSOC., INC. 7620 Executive Drive Eden Prairie, MN 55344
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 934-2100 Dr. Andrei Osinsky ARMY 05-026 Selected for Award
Title:	Phased Array Antennas on Large Area Substrates
Abstract:	In the Phase I program an inovative approach to modeling and fabrication of integrated phase array antennas is proposed. The approach uses advantages of implementing scientific modeling and simulation on EM Premier workstation which enables a full 3D FDTD algorithm.The feasibility of integration of BST with large area Si wafers will be explored using novel material growth techniques.

Q-DOT, INC. 1069 Elkton Drive Colorado Springs, CO 80907
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(719) 590-1112 Mr. Donald L. Herman, Jr. ARMY 05-027 Selected for Award
Title:	Ultra-wideband (UWB) Analog Front-End (AFE) /Analog- to-Digital Converter (ADC)(9703)
Abstract:	Q-DOT proposes an innovative analog front-end (AFE) and analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for ultra-wideband (UWB) systems. Modern communications and radar signals combine complex modulation with wide bandwidth to reduce power and lower the probability of intercept. Current digital receivers do not offer both high dynamic range and wide bandwidth needed to detect and characterize these signals. The proposed AFE includes an LNA and novel track-and-hold to facilitate direct conversion to over 10 GHz. Two ADCs are proposed: a novel parallel UWB ADC, and a Nyquist ADC with unique circuits to provide high-resolution UWB performance. Each offers > 10 times the bandwidth of present devices with comparable resolution. Rather than channelizing using filters and mixers, the parallel ADC uses frequency domain encoding to spread the UWB input among baseband ADCs. Digital processing reconstructs the entire input bandwidth with high dynamic range. The Nyquist ADC uses a novel front end to reduce complexity and power while providing UWB performance. The proposed AFE/ADC is modular, expandable, and adaptable. After conceptual design, prototype high resolution UWB AFE/ADC chips can be realized during Phase II. The UWB AFE/ADC will help realize small, low-power, high-performance digital receivers for future surveillance and instrumentation systems.

SYSTRAN FEDERAL CORP. 4027 Colonel Glenn Highway, Suite 210 Dayton, OH 45431
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 429-9008 Mr. Daniel Kien ARMY 05-027 Selected for Award
Title:	Analog Front End (AFE) and Analog-to-Digital Conversion (ADC) Design for UWB Systems
Abstract:	Ultra wide band (UWB) systems are often promoted as a method of optimizing the increasingly limited bandwidth available for information transfer. However, by virtue of their low power and wide instantaneous bandwidth, UWB systems are susceptible to jamming and aperture blinding by stronger narrowband systems licensed for use in the same band and often times co-located with the UWB system. To mitigate the potentially adverse effects of the hundreds of jammers that are possible in a dynamic, real-world environment requires a judicious selection and design of the UWB receiver system's architecture and components. SFC, along with our distinguished research partners, propose to research, design, and develop a state-of-the-art UWB receiver system integrated circuit (IC) "module" that facilitates immunity to narrow band signals when incorporated into a UWB system. To maximize the functionality of the module, it will have the coding inputs to allow the module to be used in parallel with identical (or similar) ICs so that systems can be designed for (or adapted to) as much or as little bandwidth as required for the mission of the moment.

JMARTECHNOLOGIES, RESEARCH DIVISION 3956 Sorrento Valley Boulevard San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 535-1706 Dr. Harry Rieger ARMY 05-028 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	Multipulse Agile Laser Source for Real-Time Spark Spectrochemical Hazard Analysis in the Field
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to develop a small innovative compact laser capable of providing two or more pulses in short succession for optimizing the detection of hazardous materials in the field via real time spectrochemical techniques. Lasers suitable for dual pulse LIBS operation need to have good spatial beam quality and high pulse energy to provide enough energy to ionize the material under study, especially from relatively large standoff distances. While JMAR BrightLite diode pumped Nd:YAG lasers can currently meet all of the above criteria it is desirable to put the laser building blocks in a configuration suitable for adjustable dual pulse mode operation. In this proposal we propose a modification of our diode pumped Nd:YAG laser system by designing and testing a proof of concept module built around a a dual Pockels cell geometry. By individually adjusting the turn on and turn off times of the two Pockels cells on each side of a diode pumped Nd:YAG rod, the laser can be made to emit dual pulses with variable time delay between the pulses. By varying the timing of the Pockel cells relative to each other the relative amount of energy in each pulse can be varied.

RADIATION MONITORING DEVICES, INC. 44 Hunt Street Watertown, MA 02472
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 926-1167 Mr. Arieh M. Karger ARMY 05-028 Awarded: 09DEC05
Title:	Compact, Multipulse Agile Laser for Spectrochemical Applications
Abstract:	High-energy, tunable, pulsed lasers are vital components in many state-of-the-art optical systems, including Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) for standoff spectrochemical detection and analysis of explosives and other chemicals. In order to enhance the signal and improve repeatability, it is necessary to perform LIBS measurements in dual-pulse mode, with two short high-energy pulses with a variable delay. Radiation Monitoring Devices, Inc., in collaboration with Dr. Chandra Khattak from Crystal systems, Inc., proposes to develop a novel laser system specifically suited for double-pulse LIBS experiments, based on a new gain medium and a unique Q-switched cavity to extract the pulses in the required fashion. The laser will deliver pulses of ~10 ns width and 50-200 mJ energies with pulse separation between 1 and 10 s. It will be wavelength agile and will also have the capability for wavelength tuning.

GLOBAL ASSESSMENT LLC 3372 Edgewater Drive Orlando, FL 32804
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 491-6034 Dr. Shatha Samman ARMY 05-029 Selected for Award
Title:	Hands-Free or Limited-Manipulation Language Translation Tools for Non-Linguist Soldiers
Abstract:	The overall objective of this research is to design and build a portable and hands-free multimodal Arabic-English translation system that can utilize both verbal and non-verbal information and scenarios to facilitate communication between soldiers and Arab coalition partners as well as native Arabic speaking civilians. The specific objectives of the phase I research are to (1) review all currently available and near future prototype commercial off the shelf and government off the shelf language translation tools, as well as any multimodal technology that aids in limiting the need for hands-on manipulation in computing (including interface design, speech recognition and input control ergonomics), (2) explore the possibility and feasibility of developing scenario-based picture language and animations that can be used to communicate with minimal manipulation or hands-free interfaces, and (3) develop a design specification for a set of language translation tools that will allow limited but mission critical language translation for up to 3 operational scenarios. In Phase II, the development and testing of a prototype system in a realistic simulated environment will be undertaken.

DOMINCA, INC. 12111 Ranchitos Road, NE Albuquerque, NM 87122
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 822-0005 Dr. Nancy A. Winfree ARMY 05-030 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	Blast Resistant Armor Appliqu�s
Abstract:	Armors that provide protection against blast do so through a number of mechanisms. Simple elastic mechanisms include reflection of the blast wave because of the armor's high impedance relative to air, and distribution of energy over a large area by wave propagation through the armor. Non-linear effects, such as plasticity and damage evolution, enhance the armor's effectiveness by dissipating mechanical energy. The goal of the work proposed here is to develop armor that utilizes "waiting elements," a concept that research suggests is capable of increasing the energy dissipated by plastic deformation or fracture. Waiting elements were proposed and studied by Professor Andrej Cherkaev, at the University of Utah, and his colleagues. Much of his mathematical analysis has been with lump-parameter models. The force-elongation behavior of the non-linear springs governs the dissipation of the material. Our goal is to transition the concept into practice. In Phase I we first create several armor concepts that seem feasible in terms of manufacturing. We then rely on finite-element methods and lumped-parameter models to predict the response of these concepts to blast, and to conduct parametric studies of their performance.

RKB TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 223 Main Street West Point, MS 39773
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(662) 325-7580 Dr. Randal K. Buddington ARMY 05-031 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	Development of Nutritional Supplements to Reduce the Incidence and Severity of Diarrhea
Abstract:	Despite medical advances, infectious diarrheas continue to afflict most military personnel deployed overseas, particularly to battlefield settings, and reduce force size and efficiency. Because many pathogens causing diarrhea are resistant to antibiotics, there is a need for alternative therapeutics that will reduce the incidence and severity of diarrhea. Phase 1 work by RKB Technologies will test the concept that the incidence and severity of diarrhea can be reduced by chronic consumption of a food product (nutritional supplement) that includes a combination of agents that reduce densities of pathogens and enhance host immune functions. This will be accomplished using animal models of infectious diarrhea, and will focus on a food product with probiotics and prebiotics as antidiarrheal agents. A related objective is to determine if heat-killed probiotics or soluble factors that are secreted during culture can be used instead of viable bacteria, which are not compatible with the processing and long-term storage of MREs. Phase 2 work will evaluate other probiotics and prebiotics, and determine if efficacy can be increased by including additional components that confer other functional properties. The goal is to provide the military with a food product that increases resistance to infectious agents of diarrhea and other diseases

FORTIS TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 2249 Federal Ave Los Angeles, CA 90064
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 479-7599 Dr. Ken K. Ho ARMY 05-032 Selected for Award
Title:	Damping of Micro-scale Devices Using a Hybrid Magnetostrictive/Shape Memory Thin Film
Abstract:	Future combat systems will involve "smart" munitions with MEMS inertial measurement units (IMU) to control positioning and targeting. Precision targeting is problematic with these new IMU sensors because the vibration and shock during launch and flight can cause drift in the sensors. A passive vibration module is proposed to dampen these extraneous vibrations, such that precision targeting can be achieved. The dampen module utilizes a hybrid magnetostrictive/shape memory alloy thin film to passively dampen the mechanical vibrations. The module is compact and adds minimal mass and dimension to the packaged sensor. It is integrated at the die level and fabricated using MEMS compatible processes.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5215 Dr. Yan Zhang ARMY 05-033 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	Ultrafast Detection and Tracking Using Retrodirective Random-Noise Monopulse Radar
Abstract:	We propose to build and deploy an innovative radar system combining retrodirective noise correlating (RNC) stage with random-noise monopulse tracking stage. The radar will not only detect inbound target with ultra-high speed, but also provide the angle-of-arrival (AOA) and range estimation almost simultaneously, furthermore, the technology has outstanding ECCM capability because of its wideband true random-noise waveform. The technology combines retrodirective antenna array, which provides `self-cueing' detection, and X-band coherent monopulse noise radar. The retrodirective array and first-stage correlator provide automatic beam steering and range gating, then monopulse processing generates target AOA and range estimation instantly from the second stage correlation. The entire detection/tracking time is only limited to RF propagation delay, no complicated DSP is needed.

MARK RESOURCES, INC. 3878 Carson Street, Suite 210 Torrance, CA 90503
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 543-4746 Dr. Richard L. Mitchell ARMY 05-033 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	Ultrafast Detection and Acquisition Radar for Ballistics Defense
Abstract:	MARK Resources has developed a practical radar concept to detect high-velocity projectiles at very short range in sufficient time for countermeasures. It will have a very fast reaction time, yet it will be small, lightweight, and inexpensive to develop. It is based on a non-scanning beam that continuously illuminates the entire 360� sector in azimuth, so that it can detect and track all incoming objects simultaneously, regardless of the number that happen to be in the air at any given time. The system will be designed to detect and track small bullets at the range of at least 100 meters. Not only will more countermeasures be available with the timely response, but it will also be able to use the tracks to direct accurate counterfire against the weapon.

PHYSICAL DOMAINS 3700 Cedarbend Dr. Glendale, CA 91214
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 795-3247 Ms. Elayne Brown ARMY 05-033 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	Ultrafast Detection and Acquisition Radar for Ballistics Defense
Abstract:	This project entails the design and demonstration of a X-band retrodirective noise-correlating (RNC) radar designed specifically for bullet detection and shooter geolocation. Preliminary research carried out for the DoD (U.S. Army Research Office and DARPA) of such a system has already demonstrated that ultrafast detection and tracking of a bullet is possible owing to the unique modality that the RNC radar offers. The present Phase-I research will design and optimize such a system in X band and test it on small fast moving targets. Computer simulations (ADS) will be carried out in parallel to determine how far out in range the radar will acquire bullets as a function of its electronic gain and aperture (i.e., number of channels). To leverage the previous DoD research, an existing X-band breadboard will be adapted and implemented for the proposed experiments.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Dr. Michael G. Izenson ARMY 05-034 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	Borazane Hydrogen Generator for Portable Fuel Cells
Abstract:	Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells convert hydrogen fuel directly to electric power and offer a lightweight and efficient power source for individual soldiers. However, technology for storing the hydrogen fuel is still too heavy to meet the Army's mission requirements. We propose to develop a very lightweight hydrogen generator based on borazane (H3NBH3). Our innovation is a unique packaging and thermal control system that will produce hydrogen on demand through controlled thermal decomposition of borazane. This approach can enable individual soldier power systems to meet the Army's challenging goals for energy density (1000 W-hr/kg). In Phase I we will prove feasibility through proof-of-concept testing and system design.

LYNNTECH, INC. 7607 Eastmark Drive, Suite 102 College Station, TX 77840
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(979) 693-0017 Dr. Alan Cisar ARMY 05-034 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	Lightweight High Yield Borazane-fed Hydrogen Generator
Abstract:	With 19.6 wt% hydrogen in its composition, borazane (NH3BH3), a water soluble, non-cryogenic solid, is one of the most hydrogen rich solids around, and a promising means to deliver hydrogen for use in fuel cells. The hydrogen can be liberated by either hydrolysis or pyrolysis with a throttleable hydrolysis reactor producing a higher hydrogen yield from a given mass of borazane with no need for a pressure vessel and no high temperature heat signature. In this system hydrogen is generated at near ambient temperature through the catalyzed hydrolysis of an aqueous borazane solution. Lynntech proposes to develop a lightweight generator to produce hydrogen on demand through the controlled hydrolysis of borazane using water of almost any quality. This means that a soldier requiring 20 W of continuous power will only require about 400 g of fuel with an energy density of 3.6 Wh (when the hydrogen is consumed at typical fuel cell efficiency) and produce a net system energy density of =1.5 kWh/kg (including water that can be collected locally) for a 72 hr mission. To match a variable power demand, the rate of hydrogen generation can be varied to maximize the utilization of borazane.

PROTONEX TECHNOLOGY CORP. 153 Northboro Road Southborough, MA 01772
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 490-9960 Dr. Paul Osenar ARMY 05-034 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	A Compact Borazane Hydrogen Generator for a Soldier Fuel Cell Power System
Abstract:	Lightweight and compact power sources are a critical need to a broad range of defense, homeland security and communication applications. Proton exchange membrane (PEM) hydrogen/air fuel cells coupled with chemical hydride fuels such as borazane which are gravimetrically high in extractable hydrogen content can provide quiet, lightweight solutions to the escalating energy demands of the modern soldier. Small, state-of-the-art PEM fuel cell systems have already been developed by Protonex Technology Corporation. Protonex is focused on developing a complete fuel cell based power solution (20W net electric) utilizing borazane fuel that will meet the difficult requirements for soldier power applications. The proposed system will be based on an innovative fueling design provided by snap-in borazane cartridges for prolonged mission length, maximum flexibility and high energy density.

R&D DYNAMICS CORP. 15 Barber Pond Road Bloomfield, CT 06002
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 726-1204 Dr. Giri Agrawal ARMY 05-035 Awarded: 16NOV05
Title:	Foil Face Seal For Advanced Gas Turbine Engines
Abstract:	There is a great need of gas turbine engines providing reduced specific fuel consumption (SFC), lower production and maintenance cost, and higher power to weight ratio. Innovative gas path seals are required to meet these goals and improve performance. Traditionally labyrinth seals have been used at various locations including at the hot turbine section of the engine. Significant amount of research has been done to replace these seals with brush, hydrostatic and hydrodynamic seals. None of these concepts have provided a satisfactory solution yet. Preliminary work has provided a foundation and cataylst that a foil face seal based on the theory of successful foil thrust bearings will greatly improve gas path seals required for advanced turbine engines. In Phase I, feasibility will be proven by analysis, design and limited testing. In Phase II, a full size foil face seal will be designed, built and laboratory tested in an environment similar to a gas turbine engine. In Phase III, the developed full foil face seal will be installed in an actual gas turbine engine and tested.

TPL, INC. 3921 Academy Parkway North, NE Albuquerque, NM 87109
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 342-4437 Mr. Kirk Slenes ARMY 05-036 Selected for Award
Title:	Functionally Reinforced Nanocomposite for Structural High Energy Density Capacitors
Abstract:	Future electromagnetic armor and gun systems will rely on large quantities of capacitive pulse power. At present, these capacitors represent a significant contribution to size and weight on mobile platforms, limiting their deploy-ability and strategic responsiveness. One method of minimizing mass and volume is to utilize capacitors as structural components. Significant savings could be achieved with capacitors engineered to carry structural loads so that vehicle structural components could be replaced with load-bearing, capacitive elements. Similarly, capacitive components could be used to replace a portion of vehicle armor. TPL proposes development of a structural, high energy density capacitor for electromagnetic weapons systems by applying a novel composite dielectric technology to an innovative capacitor design. TPL's high strength/stiffness nano-composite dielectric will be molded into an electrode structure (stainless steel wire mesh) that serves as structural reinforcement. The composite matrix will serve an energy storage and structural function while the electrode mesh will serve a current delivery and structural function. Laboratory and sub-scale capacitor models will be designed, fabricated and evaluated. The designs will be specific to the Army's electromagnetic weapons requirements. Evaluation will include electrical performance, structural performance and delivered energy density.

INFOSCITEX CORP. 303 Bear Hill Road Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 890-1338 Dr. Harris Gold ARMY 05-037 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	Low Parasitic Loss Solid Waste Preprocessor for Forward Waste to Energy Conversion
Abstract:	tba

TIAX LLC 15 Acorn Park Cambridge, MA 02140
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 498-5658 Mr. John Bowman ARMY 05-037 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	Solid Waste Preprocessor for Field Waste to Energy Conversion
Abstract:	TIAX and CQ Inc. propose to develop a solid waste preprocessor (SWP) system based on briquetting technology. Briquetting is a time-proven solid fuel preparation technique used widely around the world with a variety of feed stocks. This project addresses the two key challenges to developing a preprocessor system for the Army's waste to energy conversion system. The first challenge is to define the critical parameters of the required preprocessing steps that produce satisfactory briquettes. The second is to identify process equipment that can accomplish or be modified to accomplish these steps within size, weight, and performance requirements of the OFWECS. Phase I will define, through interaction with WEC developers and process testing, the critical parameters of the required preprocessing steps that produce satisfactory briquettes. An Optional Phase I will further identify process equipment manufacturers for the required components and develop plans to modify the equipment to be within the size, weight and performance requirements of the OFWECS Phase II will develop a prototype preprocessor/briquetter system based on the process parameters and preliminary design generated in Phase I that meets the requirement of and can be integrated with the WEC.

ENERGY RESEARCH CO. 2571-A Arthur Kill Road Staten Island, NY 10309
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(718) 608-0935 Dr. Arel Weisberg ARMY 05-038 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	Optical Stand-Off Detection of Explosive Residue
Abstract:	Energy Research Company (ERCo) proposes the development of a novel and highly powerful sensor technology for detecting films and residues of explosive materials. This sensor will enable the detection of improvised explosive devices (IED's), car bombs, and other weapons being used against U.S. and allied forces and local civilians in Iraq and Afghanistan. By optically scanning surfaces that the bomber has likely touched, for example, car door handles and window sills, from distances as far as 10's of meters away, the sensor will detect explosive residues in a safe and discreet fashion. Given the persistent threat of terrorism in the U.S. and abroad, ERCo sees significant commercial opportunity from the development if this sensor. Following successful development of the sensor under the SBIR program, ERCo will manufacture and market the final system to security agencies for remote detection of IED's and other explosive devices at airports, chemical plants, and other potential terrorist targets. Experimental feasibility of ERCo's concept has been proven in the lab. In Phase I, we will extend these preliminary results to accurately gauge the system's operating envelope.

INTELLIGENT OPTICAL SYSTEMS, INC. 2520 W. 237th Street Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 530-7130 Dr. Glenn Bastiaans ARMY 05-038 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	Time Correlation Enhanced Stand Off Raman Detection
Abstract:	Intelligent Optical Systems (IOS) proposes to develop a novel, highly sensitive stand-off detector for trace amounts of explosives. The most promising stand-off detection schemes for explosive residues are optical in nature but are limited in both sensitivity and range. The essential problem is in the light detection components and the signal processing algorithms, which do not allow sufficient signal to noise discrimination. Applying IOS' experience in Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (OTDR) signal processing, it will be possible to extend the sensitivity of existing stand-off Raman spectroscopy residue detection systems by two orders of magnitude, extending the stand-off detection range by as much as an order of magnitude. Principal component analysis of the spectra, which IOS is already applying to concealed explosives detection, will provide rapid and unambiguous identification of even multiple component explosives residue. What distinguishes IOS is the way that IOS processes OTDR signals. It has already been shown that stand-off Raman spectroscopy works for explosive residue detection, though it currently lacks sensitivity. OTDR signal processing is also well known. IOS will combine these two approaches, and demonstrate that, by using time-correlation spectroscopy, we can digitally extract extremely small signals from a background many orders of magnitude larger.

MATSYS, INC. 504 Shaw Road Suite 215 Sterling, VA 20166
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 964-0400 Dr. Tony F Zahrah ARMY 05-039 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Novel Manufacturing of Bulk Metallic Glasses
Abstract:	Materials and Manufacturing Systems, Inc. (MATSYS) proposes to develop a novel manufacturing technique for greatly increasing fine powder yield and improving particle size control by significantly increasing the supersonic gas jet length downstream of the nozzle tip to increase the length of the breakup region and maximize the breakup of the powder. This objective can be achieved by control of the atomizer chamber pressure. Typical controlled-atmosphere atomizers operate with chambers at or slightly above atmospheric pressure. However, if one drops the chamber pressure below atmospheric, one can effectively increase the expansion ratio of the atomizing gas, which produces slightly higher gas velocities and significantly longer supersonic gas jet lengths. The elongated jet lengths will improve atomization performance in the region well downstream of the nozzle, leading to the sought after high yields of fine particles. The ability to control the chamber pressure is the key factor that enables us to examine this previously unexplored processing space. During this program, we will atomize metallic glass compositions and demonstrate the strength of the approach to enhance fine powder yield and control particle size. Upon successful demonstration, this technique can be easily applied to different compositions and scaled for cost-effective, high volume production.

GENVAC AEROSPACE CORP. 110 Alpha Park Cleveland, OH 44143
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(440) 646-9946 Dr. James A. Dayton, Jr. ARMY 05-040 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	Combined sub mm TWT and BWO with Biplanar Interdigital Circuit
Abstract:	We propose to develop a tunable one-Watt signal source, nominally centered at 650 GHz, comprised of a backward wave oscillator (BWO) that provides a signal that is amplified by a traveling wave tube (TWT). The BWO and the TWT are fabricated as a unit on the same substrate using standard silicon lithography and processes of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of diamond that are proprietary to GENVAC. Both the BWO and the TWT utilize the novel biplanar interdigital slow wave circuit recently introduced by GENVAC. Utilizing a process discovered recently at GENVAC, widely available, cost effective silicon fabrication technology will be used to form a negative of the desired diamond structure that will serve as a mold for the deposition of the diamond. The structure will be formed in two halves and then accurately positioned and bonded using techniques routinely employed in the fabrication of liquid crystal displays. In order to provide precise alignment of the electron gun with the slow wave circuit, these elements will be formed as a single unit. A practical, credible, step-by-step process has been devised to fabricate the proposed BWO/TWT.

MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 5799L Burke Centre Parkway Burke, VA 22015
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 250-6485 Dr. Jose E. Velazco ARMY 05-040 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	Miniature Sub-millimeter Wave Magnetron Oscillator
Abstract:	We propose the development of a revolutionary miniature submillimeter-wave magnetron oscillator (SMO) that will provide multi-milliwatt terahertz radiation for applications requiring greater imaging resolution and higher communication bandwidth. The proposed SMO concept uses a cross-field arrangement wherein a rotating electron beam interacts with the fields of a multi-vane cylindrical cavity. The electron beam, produced by a micron-sized cold-cathode, is used to generate a high-power wave inside the cavity. The SMO should be easily fabricated using state-of-the-art MEMS microfabrication technology, and will be a pioneering step towards combining vacuum tube technology with solid-state microfabrication technology. Some of the applications for these new exciting devices include standoff detection of concealed weapons and biological hazards, tabletop accelerators, terahertz high-resolution radar, THz chemical and biological sensing, commercial THz line-of-sight networking and ultrahigh-speed computers. Detailed numerical and computational analysis of this concept are is proposed during Phase I in order to evaluate key issues such as stability, maximum output power and efficiency. Once successfully developed, the SMO will be the basis for a new generation of high power submillimeter-wave sources capable of producing ultrahigh frequency radiation with high efficiency in an amazingly compact and lightweight package.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Dr. Robert Kline-Schoder ARMY 05-041 Awarded: 28NOV05
Title:	Two-Way Bone Conduction Communication System for High Noise Environments
Abstract:	Bone conduction communication has the potential to offer many advantages for communication between Army personnel carrying out their missions. This will be especially important for the Future Force Warrior (FFW) where stealth operations, hearing protection, or environmental noise will make communication with acoustic conduction either impossible or not advisable. The goal of this project is to develop a two-way bone conduction communication system with high output and low leakage. Our bone conduction communication system will consist of novel micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) transducers custom designed and packaged for use in transmission and reception of bone-conducted sounds. Our bone conduction system promises to overcome the limitations of existing technology by providing high levels of directional transmittal of sound and highly sensitive directional reception of sound. We will design our bone conduction communication system to meet the guidelines detailed in MIL-STD-1472F and will verify the performance with laboratory and field tests. During the Phase I project, we will prove the feasibility of our innovation by building a scaled model of our design and comparing the performance of our design to existing technologies. During Phase II, we will design, implement, evaluate, and deliver fully functional prototypes to the Army.

SHEET DYNAMICS, LIMITED 1775 Mentor Avenue, Suite 302 Cincinnati, OH 45212
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(513) 631-0579 Mr. Stuart Shelley ARMY 05-041 Selected for Award
Title:	An ultrasonic bone conducted communication system
Abstract:	An ultrasonic based bone conduction communication system is proposed that will have negligible coupling of the exciter to the ambient acoustic environment or of the bone conduction microphone to ambient sound. This will significantly incease communication intelligibility in high noise environments and increase the stealth of communication in very quiet environments. The physics of the approach is well established and published research in the medical field provides initial exerimental verification of feasibility of the approach. In addition, appropriate coupling mechanisms are proposed that will provide efficient, robust and comfortable coupling of transducers to a wearers skull.

ULTRA COMMUNICATIONS, INC. 310 Via Vera Cruz, Suite 105 San Marcos, CA 92078
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 420-3486 Dr. Charles Kuznia ARMY 05-042 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	Alignment Tolerant Optical Connector with Active Regenerative Element
Abstract:	We investigate a method of embedding a small active optical component within a backplane connector module. The optical component is a multi-channel parallel optic transceiver that receives and regenerates multiple optical channels at data rates above 40 Gbps.

ZIVA CORP. 6160 Lusk Blvd, C-206 San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 735-2496 Dr. Anis Husain ARMY 05-042 Awarded: 10DEC05
Title:	ACTIVE ALIGNMENT CORRECTION WITH VERTICAL CAVITY SEMICONDUCTOR OPTICAL AMPLIFIER (VCSOA)
Abstract:	In this Phase I SBIR proposal, Ziva proposes to investigate the feasibility of developing an optical connector between a board and a backplane which not only provides optical regeneration but is alignment tolerant, scalable in bandwidth to >40Gbps, operates with very low interchannel crosstalk, provides high connection density as well as having layout flexibility and process and cost compatibility with mainstream electronic manufacturing. Ziva's unique solution is derived from the remarkable properties of Vertical-Cavity Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (VCSOA) to provide amplification gain of >20dB and be able to achieve >40Gbps direct modulation. This low cost optical amplifier device can be fabricated in dense arrays providing low cost high areal density solutions for amplification, while being able to provide self induced optical beam re-alignment to relax board to board optical alignment tolerances. The anticipated results of this effort are to demonstrate the basic concept of the alignment tolerant optical connector with gain in Phase I and develop this concept further into an array connector demo in Phase II.

INTER MATERIALS, LLC 623 Muirfield Court Richmond, VA 23236
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(804) 378-6034 Dr. Francisco Folgar ARMY 05-043 Awarded: 21NOV05
Title:	Low Cost Manufacturing of Ballistic Helmets
Abstract:	One of the US Army's priority R&D areas has been focused on lightening the load carried by the soldier. Much of this concentrates on personnel body armor such as ballistic vests and helmets. Recent composite material developments using aramid fabrics coated with thermoplastic resins and graphite fabric-epoxy skins demonstrate potential not only to meet/exceed all structural and ballistic requirements; but also to reduce weight of the current helmets. INTER Materials (INTER) is in a unique position to assist the US Army in developing a new manufacturing process to mold thermoplastic composite ballistic helmets with graphite-epoxy skins based on: 1) INTER has developed an innovative technology for cost-effectively molding thermoplastic matrix composite helmets that takes less time than the current compression molding process used for the PASGT helmet; 2) INTER technology would allow the US Army to incorporate the same ballistic protection with significant weight and cost reduction; and 3) the INTER process has great commercial potential because it takes advantage of 80% of the existing helmet manufacturing infrastructure and; 4)INTER has ongoing working relationships with a major US helmet manufacturer and international military markets.

TRITON SYSTEMS, INC. 200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-4200 Ms. Karin Karg ARMY 05-044 Selected for Award
Title:	Spray Formed Aluminum Armor Plate (1000-780)
Abstract:	Triton Systems Inc, Aluminum Consultants Group and, the Applied Research Laboratory at Penn State University propose to develop spray formed aluminum armor plate using their Spray Metal Forming (SMF) facility. This laboratory has produced alloys with strength in excess of 115 ksi with elongation in excess of 8%. These alloys can only be fabricated using a rapid solidification process such as the SMF process used at the Applied Research Lab at PSU. This high performance aluminum answers a need for lightweight armor. Although not a replacement for steel, the proposed high performance aluminum, for certain threat levels can be significantly lighter than a steel solution. Rapid solidification processes such as SMF offer distinct advantages over conventional ingot metallurgy processing. Due to cooling rates on the order 103 to 105 K/s, bulk material produced using the SMF process exhibits enhanced mechanical properties due to the resultant fine grain size homogeneous distribution of second phases and the absence of macro-segregation. In certain alloy systems, a high volume fraction of fine (0.05 to 0.2 mm) intermetallic dispersoids may be obtained in SMF material processed at higher cooling rates. Large plates of this high performance aluminum will be fabricated for ballistic testing.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Dr. Jay C. Rozzi ARMY 05-045 Awarded: 17NOV05
Title:	Laser-Assisted Seamless Joining of Ceramic Gun Barrels
Abstract:	Recent advances in armament munitions technology driven by increased muzzle velocity and range specifications require the consideration of silicon nitride ceramic materials for the inner bore of gun barrels. While this material is an excellent candidate, the tight dimensional tolerances required limit the ceramic tube length to 200 mm or less. Hence, innovative joining techniques are required to produce long gun barrel liners that are 1 m or greater in length. Our innovation is a novel, laser-assisted, seamless joining (LASJ) technique that enables localized, controllable, and uniform heating to create a joint that approaches the strength of the virgin material. This novel process combines recent advances in seamless joining with the flexibility of controlled laser heating. Current approaches are hampered by the need for large, inflexible facilities and elaborate control systems. In contrast to current techniques, our approach is compact, flexible, controllable, and affordable.

TRITON SYSTEMS, INC. 200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-4200 Dr. Chaolin Hu ARMY 05-045 Selected for Award
Title:	Joining of Ceramic Tubes for Gun Barrel Applications (1000-739)
Abstract:	Triton Systems, Inc. (TSI) is proposing a joining method for silicon nitride tubular sections that addresses many of the unique technical and manufacturing challenges associated with gun barrel liner fabrication. The approach involves the use of an interlocking tube-tube joint design and brazing material (plus grain refiners). Localized heating, combined with preferential pressurization, ensures adequate flow and wetting of the brazing material on the faying surfaces. A subsequent post brazing cycle further converts the brazing material within the joint to compatible nitride compound and stabilizes the joint. Compared to conventional ceramic joining techniques based on metallic brazes, we believe our approach offers the following advantages for gun barrel applications: � Brazing material readily wets silicon nitride to produce a sound, pressure-tight, pore free joint. � Subsequent conversion of the brazing material to nitride compound affords numerous performance advantages: 1) superior ability to withstand repeated exposures to high temperature, 2) elimination/mitigation of thermal expansion mismatch stresses (common in ceramics joined with metallic brazes) increases joint shock resistance. � The use of localized heating (tube furnace, induction coil, etc.) simplifies tooling design and full-scale liner assembly and, therefore, offers more options for transitioning the design and process to a production environment.

FIRST RF CORP. 4865 Sterling Drive, Suite 100 Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 449-5211 Mr. Farzin Lalezari ARMY 05-046 Awarded: 17NOV05
Title:	Distributed Antenna Applications for Body Worn Platforms
Abstract:	Wearable electronics are of significant interest in several military and commercial applications. The goal of this technology is to optimize performance over a broad bandwidth while minimizing impact on the user. FIRST RF proposes to develop and deliver field-expedient prototypes and models of at least five different technologies for wearable multi-function distributed antenna systems for Land Warrior/Ground Soldier applications, available for immediate testing and human engineering in a battalion unit for the development of network-centric Army operations. Miniaturized separate antennas are proposed for the GPS and EPLRS systems to facilitate rapid development of these products in order to test and develop field-ready hardware in the shortest possible timeframe. The proposed solutions are practical and can be readily manufactured for prompt delivery to the Army war fighter. In order to better assess the suitability of these antennas, each of the prototypes and models that has been developed for this proposal will be delivered to Army in the Phase I kickoff meeting.

POWDERMET, INC. 24112 Rockwell drive Euclid, OH 44117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(216) 404-0053 Dr. Jun Nable ARMY 05-047 Awarded: 17NOV05
Title:	Low Cost and Scalable Systems for Synthesizing Tungsten Nanopowders
Abstract:	nanocrsytalline tunbsten has the potential to meet or exceed the performance of depleted uranium. unfortunately, no current scalable, domestic source exists for the production of 10-40nm tunsten powders that can be consolidated into nanocrystalline tungsten. I this program Powdermet, a world leader in engineered refractory metal powder technology, will develop carbonyl synthesis and oxide fast reduction techniques to produce spherical, nano-sized tungsten powders.

TDA RESEARCH, INC. 12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 940-2312 Dr. Steven D. Dietz ARMY 05-047 Awarded: 17NOV05
Title:	Inexpensive Process for Tungsten Nanopowder Production
Abstract:	Nanostructured tungsten has the potential of exceeding the performance of depleted uranium in kinetic energy devices. To make full density bulk nanocrystalline tungsten, the tungsten powder needs to be less that 20 nm in size, but there currently is no inexpensive and scalable method to mass-produce nanosized tungsten powders. In this Phase I SBIR project, TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) will develop an inexpensive and scalable process for the production of tungsten nanopowders. The process will use low-cost tungsten precursors and conventional production methods. To demonstrate the process, at the end of the project we will produce 1 kg of tungsten powder and analyze the particle size and impurity content. Finally, we will evaluate the potential for process to be scaled to greater than 2 kg/hr and estimate the cost of production.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Dr. Bryan V. Bergeron ARMY 05-048 Selected for Award
Title:	New Ionic Salts for Green Insensitive Munitions Materials
Abstract:	Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI), University of Idaho Chemistry Department (U. Id.), and ATK Thiokol (ATK) propose to model, synthesize, characterize, and combust new solid ingredients as green substitutes for RDX and AP. The materials contain very high nitrogen content within the chemical structure, thereby ensuring a large energy release. Predicted energy densities from these ionic salt propellant ingredients will be higher than those obtained from purely covalent compounds. Modeling software will be used to predict chemical densities, heats of formation (Hf), and explosive properties. Two of the most promising compounds will be synthesized and their densities and Hf measured. The materials will be combusted and the pressure and temperature responses recorded. Co crystals comprised of a new ionic salt and a green oxidizer will be produced and tested. Thermochemical calculations will be performed to predict gas products, adiabatic flame temperatures, and specific impulses due to decomposition/combustion. Impact and toxicology tests will be conducted and the results compared to those of RDX and AP. In Phase II, new propellant ingredients will be modeled, synthesized, characterized, and incorporated within formulations containing co-oxidizers and/or binder to meet or exceed current IM test criteria.

ZIMMERMAN ASSOC., INC. 9302 Lee Highway, Suite 600 Fairfax, VA 22031
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 371-3584 Dr. Patrick W. Johnson ARMY 05-049 Awarded: 17NOV05
Title:	A Multifunction UWB Radar Sensor for Enhanced Helicopter Flight Safety and Minefield Detection
Abstract:	This Phase I SBIR proposal is directed at the development of the design for a helicopter radar landing aid to assist the pilot in landing in brown out or white out conditions where the helicopter is engulfed in a cloud of sand or snow as it descends. The proposed down-looking, time modulated ultra wideband (TM-UWB) radar is to be mounted on the bottom of the fuselage of the helicopter. This small and short range radar will use a dual orthogonal linear array antenna and multiple parallel and independent low power channels to form a three dimensional image of the landing area beneath the descending helicopter. The virtual image generated by the system will be displayed and will allow the pilot to observe all obstacles and gullies beneath the helicopter. The system will provide the pilot with the ability to ensure that each of the aircraft's landing gear is clear of obstacles or depressions.

UNIVERSAL DISPLAY CORP. 375 Phillips Blvd Ewing, NJ 08618
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 671-0980 Mrs. Anna Chwang ARMY 05-050 Selected for Award
Title:	Flexible and Conformal Environmental Barrier Technology for Displays
Abstract:	The goal of this U.S. Army SBIR program is to develop a novel low cost, multi-layer thin film encapsulation system to enable the in-flex use of AMOLED displays. Universal Display Corporation (UDC) is developing advanced flexible OLED (FOLEDr) technology based on its proprietary high-efficiency phosphorescent OLED (PHOLEDT) and transparent OLED (TOLEDT) technologies. The development of a low stress plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) flexible multilayer encapsulant, deposited in a single deposition chamber using a single precursor gas, in combination with UDC FOLED technology, is the best solution to meet the Army's flexible barrier requirements. These technologies should enable long lived rugged displays that can withstand repetitive flexing for a variety of mobile display applications, including truly roll-out displays, having long lifetime and low power consumption. In Phase 1 we propose to demonstrate extended lifetime PHOLED pixels on glass substrates using a multilayer PECVD grown encapsulant. In a Phase 1 option, this encapsulation process will be applied to top emission pixels. For a subsequent Phase 2 program, we will model the mechanical properties to further optimize and reduce stress in the multilayer stack, demonstrate flexible and low power consumption AMOLED displays on metal substrates, and evaluate the encapsulant flexibility.

HIGH PERFORMANCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 11955 Freedom Drive, Suite 1100 Reston, VA 20190
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 707-2700 Dr. Charles Cornwell ARMY 05-051 Selected for Award
Title:	Microstructural Reconstruction and Three-Dimensional Mesh Generation for Polycrystalline Materials
Abstract:	The Department of Defense's (DoD) Materials by Design program cannot achieve its ultimate goal of discovery, design, and optimization of materials with the novel properties needed to meet current and future needs of the DoD. Government researchers do not have the tools necessary to construct realistic material models capable of making a quantitative connection with real-world materials. High Performance Technologies, Inc. (HPTi) proposes to develop a method for constructing realistic three-dimensional (3D) material models that make a quantitative connection with real-world materials and contain all of the parameters necessary to characterize the initial state of the material. The method uses a combination of experimental and computational techniques to capture the relevant features of the microstructure. It then uses this information to guide the construction of the 3D digital model. This method provides an automated microstructure and grid-generation process that produces accurate 3D digital microstructure models validated by direct comparison to experimental data. HPTi has assembled a team of researchers with expertise in computational science, material science, and grid generation and optimization. We support this technical expertise with the necessary program management, computer science, and software design expertise.

SIMMETRIX, INC. 10 Halfmoon Executive Park Drive Clifton Park, NY 12065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 348-1639 Dr. Ottmar Klaas ARMY 05-051 Selected for Award
Title:	Polycrystalline Microstructure Reconstruction and Meshing
Abstract:	Thermo-mechanical processing of ceramics and metallic alloys, some polymers and composites comprised of a mixture of these materials exist as bulk aggregates of single crystalline lattices. Understanding the physical mechanisms responsible for the dynamic response of those materials subjected to large strain at high stress rates is very important. From experimental observations statistical data describing the newly developed materials are available. The objective of this SBIR is to define a set of interoperable software components to support the effective reconstruction and meshing of the microstructures, and tie them together through a graphical user interface. In detail, this SBIR will provide tools that (i) produce 3D microstructures for polycrystalline materials from the given statistical description of these microstructures, (ii) quantitatively gauge the accuracy of the microstructures with regards to the given statistics, (iii) create a non-manifold boundary representation appropriate for automatic mesh generation from the microstructure, (iv) mesh the non-manifold boundary models and provide adaptive control of the meshes generated, (v) allow the user to control the definition and execution of the reconstruction and meshing process through a graphical user environment.

EPIR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 590 Territorial Drive, Suite B Bolingbrook, IL 60440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(630) 771-0203 Dr. Silviu Velicu ARMY 05-052 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	Advanced High Operating Temperature Mid-Wave Infrared Sensors
Abstract:	High sensitivity HgCdTe infrared arrays operating at 77K can now be tailored in a wide range of wavelengths. However, the cooling requirements make them bulky and unsuitable for many DOD applications. We propose two novel approaches to increase their operating temperature. In the first approach, we will demonstrate p-d-n equilibrium HgCdTe detectors. Because of the lack of symmetry between the valence and conduction bands in HgCdTe, the lifetimes in d-type material are higher than those in n-type layers. The challenge of implementing a p-d-n HgCdTe detector is to obtain low p-type doping in the absorber region. Arsenic will be introduced by a novel technique based on implantation and diffusion by thermal annealing. In the second approach, p-d-n devices developed in the first approach will be operated under non-equilibrium conditions. In non-equilibrium operation the minority carriers are extracted to one side of the active area of a detector and the contact to the other side prevents their replenishment. As a consequence, the carrier concentration is decreased dramatically. This leads to increases in recombination lifetimes, dynamic impedances and detectivities. To implement these two approaches, we propose to use HgCdTe infrared materials grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) directly on large area (3-5") silicon substrates with CdTe buffer layers.

ATMOSPHERIC & ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, INC. 131 Hartwell Avenue Lexington, MA 02421
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 761-2288 Dr. Hilary Snell ARMY 05-053 Selected for Award
Title:	An Accurate, Efficient Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Algorithm for TAWS
Abstract:	A core process for sensor performance prediction is the radiative transport algorithm used to convert the scene environmental characteristics into radiance. Numeric approximations are often used to enhance execution time at the expense of overall radiometric accuracy. However, many radiative transfer approximations have limited applicability, working only for a set of atmospheric conditions, sensor configurations, or geometry. The use of approximations to the full radiative transfer solution is not always the best approach and in the ideal case the user would have the ability to tune both radiometric accuracy and the execution time to achieve the ideal balance for a particular problem. Since TAWS supports sensors in multiple wavebands, consistent physics across multiple wavebands is highly advantageous. We propose to extend our OSS radiative transfer module for TAWS to meet the radiative transfer requirements (all view angles and for a full range of scattering conditions) in an extremely computationally efficient manner without cumbersome approximations or discontinuities. Replacing the current radiative transfer model in TAWS with OSS would provide connectivity to state-of-art spectroscopic parameters for molecules, clouds, aerosols and surface properties, and would provide a straightforward path for future enhancements such as the inclusion of polarization effects within the model.

SPECTRAL SCIENCES, INC. 4 Fourth Avenue Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 273-4770 Dr. Prabhat Acharya ARMY 05-053 Selected for Award
Title:	Rapid Multiple-Scattering Radiative Transfer Algorithm for Target Acquisition Weapons Software
Abstract:	Scene simulations are increasingly used for electro-optical sensor design, performance evaluation, and data analysis over a wide range of environment and engagement conditions. For Army ground-to-ground scenarios, Target Acquisition Weapons Software (TAWS) is used to determine target-to-background contrast for optical bandpasses over many lines-of-sight (LOS's). This quantity is highly dependent on single scattering and multiple scattering (MS) of solar flux. The present delta-Eddington MS method used in TAWS is insufficiently accurate for the battlespace-critical horizontal and near-horizontal LOS's. A more accurate radiative transfer (RT) method with little or no sacrifice in computational speed is needed. Spectral Sciences, Inc. (SSI) proposes to develop a fast and highly accurate RT capability based on scattering methods used in MODTRAN(TM), together with SSI's state-of-the-art correlated-k algorithm, kURT, to compute in-band contrast radiances. The result will be a general atmospheric RT software package with unprecedented fidelity and speed. Re-use of MS calculations will provide an overall speed comparable to the current TAWS or better. Phase I will demonstrate the approach using prototype code elements. In Phase II the software package will be fully developed and integrated into TAWS.

THERMOANALYTICS, INC. 23440 Airpark Blvd, P.O. Box 66 Calumet, MI 49913
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(906) 482-9560 Dr. Larry R. Coke ARMY 05-053 Selected for Award
Title:	Integrated Horizontal Line-of-Sight TAWS Model
Abstract:	To estimate the diffuse solar radiative flux for visual wavelengths in the atmosphere, TAWS (Target Acquisition Weapons Software) currently employs a delta-Eddington method combined with a plane-parallel atmospheric model. This method and the plane-parallel atmospheric model do not provide sufficient accuracy for HLOS calculations. To handle Army HLOS scenarios, TAWS requires a new technique to compute the diffuse solar radiative flux for visual wavelengths. While exact radiative transfer techniques can calculate this flux accurately, their direct application is too computationally expensive for use in deployed target acquisition and mission planning software. ThermoAnalytics, in conjunction with Northrop Grumman, and Atmospheric Physics professor Dr. Alex Kostinski, proposes an alternative approach of combining an interpolation procedure with the newly improved MODTRAN 4v3r1-based scaled Isaac's 2-stream multiple scattering option. This recent MODTRAN improvement uses DISORT calculations performed at a few fixed spectral points with an external interpolation scheme to reduce the required number of path calculations while achieving near-DISORT accuracy in the 400-700 nanometer band. The interpolation procedure will be designed around the TAWS software architecture. This task will require tuning under various TAWS scenarios to determine optimal strategy for balancing speed and accuracy.

BONNER MOTOR CORP. 15230 Carrousel Way Rosemount, MN 55068
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(208) 267-1572 Mr. Walter Schmied ARMY 05-054 Awarded: 28NOV05
Title:	Low Fuel-Consumption, High-Altitude Capable, Heavy-Fuel Internal Combustion (IC) Engine Concepts for Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAV)
Abstract:	Internal Combustion engines (IC) are bound in their ability to create power primarily by the volume of air an engine is able to deliver to the combustion chamber. This formula has particular import at high altitude, where air pressure decreases, resulting in a correlative power loss. Traditional solutions for generating higher compensating air pressure are limited to external add-on devices such as turbochargers and superchargers. These external devices carry penalties with regard to complexity, fuel inefficiency, weight, reliability and cost. We propose a means of generating massive and variable boost to maintain engine power at high altitude. Our proposal utilizes an internal engine chamber which would automatically calibrate and compensate for lapse rate at all altitudes without added weight, complexity, size or cost. It can be expected that this approach to altitude compensation would significantly increase the payload and range of UAV's over traditional turbo and supercharged solutions. With 1D and 3D computer analysis, we expect to model the internal altitude compensation chamber to work in conjunction with an internal variable compression component. Together, they will produce the ability to supply a constantly optimal and massive boost to any aircraft without penalty as regards weight, size, cost or complexity.

KAZAK COMPOSITES, INC. 10F GIll Street Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 932-5667 Mr. Michael King ARMY 05-056 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Pultruded Lightweight Integral Rotorcraft Armor
Abstract:	Helicopters aircrews and transported troops are vulnerable to small arms fire and shrapnel. Current helicopter armor imposes severe performance penalties due to its high weight. In most cases, armor system weight limits the ability of designers to provide desired levels of personnel protection. KaZaK's proposes an integral armor solution that is cost effective, thin in profile and compatible with a myriad of environmental threats. It employs a unique composite laminate technology coupled with a novel ceramic arrangement for projectile fragmentation and deflection. KaZaK's solution will meet, and possibly even exceed, Army goals for cost effectiveness and projectile defeat. Our proposed system solution involves placement of armor in two locations. A flexible armor appliqu� will be positioned on the interior surface of the helicopter's existing outer skin. In addition, the existing helicopter floor will be replaced with a new KaZaK-designed armored composite sandwich deck. By using convenient and available space between layers of the armor system, the overall weight of the protective system can be reduced. As an additional benefit, we expect the Army will see a significant reduction in repair and maintenance cost associated with puncture and impact damage to the thin skins typical of current helicopter cargo decks.

ADVANCED OPTICAL SYSTEMS, INC. 6767 Old Madison Pike, Suite 410 Huntsville, AL 35806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 971-0036 Dr. Stephen Granade ARMY 05-057 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Helicopter Remote Manipulation of External Slingloads (HERMES)
Abstract:	Helicopter operations in low visibility conditions and sling load operations continue to add risk to aviation operations. If slingloads could be picked up without use of a ground crew, lives could be saved. In addition, a sensor that could detect obstacles as well as the load would help in low-visibility conditions. We propose to develop such a system. It will include the mechanical structures necessary for uncrewed operation and automatic electrical grounding of the helicopter, the sensors for locating the loads and surrounding obstacles, and integration in both the helicopter technical systems and the operational procedures for acquiring external loads. In this approach, the ground crew will only set the load in place and ensure that the latching mechanism is properly deployed. Our baseline approach is to modify existing technologies. For the external load hook mechanisms, use a variant of an existing automatic docking system such as Michigan Aerospace's Autonomous Microsatellite Docking System (AMDS). For sensors, use two different sensing technologies. The first locates the load's hook mechanism location with respect to the helicopter's hook. The second scans the surroundings and provide information about altitude and obstacle location. The information is given to the crew through one or more monitors.

STIRLING DYNAMICS, INC. 4030 Lake Washington Blvd NE, Suite 205 Kirkland, WA 98033
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(425) 827-7476 Dr. Robert Stirling ARMY 05-058 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Active Control Inceptors Using Smart Material Motion Control
Abstract:	Active force-feedback control inceptors are gaining acceptance for potential future use in new and retrofit Army helicopter programs. Current active inceptor types use electric motors, gearboxes and linkages in a closed loop servo system to provide the necessary feel quality and functionality. These units successfully meet the performance requirements, but are expensive and mechanically complex. Smart materials technology can be applied to the development of simpler, lighter and less expensive active inceptors that can be produced to meet the same space, performance and reliability standards. The research program will investigate the use of smart materials to provide motion control actuation for active inceptors that are suitable for both flightworthy applications and flight simulators. Various issues of design and performance need to be researched before the performance potential is established, and a realistic specification will be developed for an initial prototype demonstrator unit. All smart material types will be considered, including piezoelectric materials and shape memory alloys. Phase I is aimed at establishing basic feasibility of the concept and applying it to a specific active inceptor type selected for this project. Phase II will extend the research into a more detailed evaluation, including manufacture and test of an actual prototype unit.

APS MATERIALS, INC. 4011 Riverside Drive Dayton, OH 45405
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 278-6547 Michael Willson ARMY 05-059 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	Advanced Damping Technologies for Small Turbine Engines
Abstract:	Innovative damping methods for small turbine engines are needed by the Army and other military and commercial interests. The plasma sprayed coating process provides a method for successfully achieving the required damping for the newer high efficiency turbine engines that experience high "g " loads between 800 �F and 2000 �F. Plasma sprayed ceramic coatings have demonstrated significant damping from room temperature to 600 �F when impregnated with viscoelastic polymeric materials. The Phase I project will investigate methods of plasma spraying thin (100 to 300 mm thick) metal and/or ceramic damping coatings containing high temperature materials that exhibit viscoelastic properties (VEM) applied to super alloy test plates and simulated airfoils. The plasma spray process will be optimized to achieve maximum damping values while maintaining the required mechanical coating properties, including tensile, shear, and fatigue strength. Other coating properties of interest in the Phase I Option include erosion resistance and "creep" resistance of the VEM. The studies will include the use of high temperature materials with viscoelastic properties for use between 800 �F and 2000 �F. These VEM materials will be blended or otherwise incorporated with the ceramic plasma spray powder feedstock before plasma spraying in an effort to create unique damping coatings for small turbine engines.

HERMAN ADVANCED ENGINEERING, INC. 4337 Wyandotte Woods Blvd Dublin, OH 43016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(614) 530-4824 Dr. Herman Shen ARMY 05-059 Awarded: 10NOV05
Title:	Advanced Damping Technologies for Small Turbine Engines
Abstract:	A novel nano-technology will be developed to systematically organize and manipulate stress-induced irreversible movement of the magnetic atom domain walls of a thin magneto-mechanical foil (~0.001 inch) surface bonded on critical turbine engine components (blades, blisks/IBRs and shafts/bearings) for enhancing not only high damping and but also resistance to wear, erosion, fatigue, fracture, and corrosion. The idea is to systematically analyze, and further organize and manipulate the crystal lattice in conjunction with a surface heat treatment for achieving the low internal stresses and maximum domain wall movement for enhancing damping and surface hardness. The proposed efforts include: (1) characterization and identification of magneto-mechanical foils stress/strain dependent nature associated with the damping mechanism and capabilities to resist wear, fatigue, fracture, erosion, & corrosion at various temperature levels, (2) development of testing procedures to characterize the dynamic, fatigue, wear, and fracture properties of bonded specimens and blades, (3) an analytical framework will be developed to assess and reengineer the microstructures of the stress/strain dependent magneto-mechanical foils for enhancing high damping and surface hardness, and (4) several effective bonding procedures/processes, such as electron beam diffusion bonding and adhesive bonding, will be also developed for joining the thin foil to the surfaces of real engine components.

TECHNO-SCIENCES, INC. 10001 Derekwood Lane, Suite 204 Lanham, MD 20706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 577-6000 Dr. Peter Chen ARMY 05-061 Awarded: 20NOV05
Title:	Structural Integrity Monitoring System
Abstract:	The objective of the proposed work is to develop and fabricate a wireless, self powered smart sensor system based on an array of piezoelectric materials to measure strain in dynamic components for Army aircraft and helicopters. The main objectives of the Phase I effort are to investigate the feasibility, affordability and applicability of a class of smart sensors and advanced processing that can be: (1) powered by energy harvested from the environment of the sensor, (2) operated wirelessly as part of an open, standards based network, and (3) packaged into an affordable unit for military and commercial applications. In order to avoid the maintenance overhead of post processing the Gigabytes of data that can easily be generated by monitoring systems, our smart sensor concept includes a wireless sensor module that is capable of recording and on-board processing of the collected data to generate key usage parameters sufficient to assess the health of the vehicle.

FLYNN RESEARCH 25409 Timberlake Trail Greenwood, MO 64034
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(816) 537-5306 Mr. Charles Flynn ARMY 05-062 Awarded: 01NOV05
Title:	High Power Density Electric Generator for Army Rotorcraft
Abstract:	Parallel Path Magnetic Technology, PPMT, is a breakthrough technology that uses permanent magnets in a novel way resulting in a greatly enhanced electrical power generation system. High efficiencies and power densities are achieved by the utilization of two cooperating commutation systems, electrical and magnetic and two sources of flux electrical and permanent magnet. The electrical flux source is placed in series with the external electrical load and when controlled by the dual commutation system provides a cooperating `motor effect' that results in reduced generator `drag'. The proposed PPMT generator is a brush less hybrid generator with all of the active elements, coils and rare earth permanent magnets mounted on the stator. The rotor, composed of silicon steel, commutates the flux thru the coils in a proper sequence. The second commutation system, either optical or hall sensors, determines which coils supply power to the external load. This commutation system allows for great flexibility in controlling the quantity of the delivered electrical power, thereby reducing the component count in the power regulator. The proposed PPMT generator offers huge advantages over conventional power generation systems as will be demonstrated in the submitted technical proposal.

INNOVATIVE POWER SOLUTIONS, LLC 373 South Street Eatontown, NJ 07724
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 522-1075 Mr. Scott Jacobs ARMY 05-062 Awarded: 03NOV05
Title:	High Power Density Electric Generator for Army Rotorcraft
Abstract:	The US Army helicopter fleet consists of upgraded helicopters that were originally designed in the 70's and 80's. The more electric aircraft philosophy has put a strain on electrical systems, and has exhausted their growth potential. Replacing the generator on an existing engine/gearbox poses a challenge because of weight, overhung moment, and space limits. Therefore, most likely the only solution to these issues is to provide a generator with more power that meets the original requirements. In simpler terms a generator with higher Power Density is desirable. Improved stress, thermal and rotor dynamic software packages allow the designer to optimize the mechanical design and minimize weight with no sacrifice in component integrity. Furthermore, improvements in production equipment make thin walled housings affordable which are significantly lighter than castings with thicker walls due the inherent porosity of the cast material. IPS team members all of whom where AlliedSignal employees were involved in the design and production of both the Longbow Apache and Blackhawk helicopter generators. IPS is currently overhauling the Apache and Blackhawk generators IPS has increased the power of an oil-cooled generator by 57% and designed an air-cooled generator for the P3 aircraft with a 66% increase in power density.

ADVANCED STRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY, INC. 455 N. Jackson Ave. University City, MO 63130
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(203) 878-8327 Mr. William Fujimoto ARMY 05-063 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	A CAD Tool for Virtual Laser Shock Peening of Rotorcraft Components
Abstract:	The objective of this project is to develop a test-validated CAD tool for performing virtual laser shock peening(LSP) simulations of rotorcraft components. Virtual LSP peening can be used, in conjunction with virtual fatigue testing, to conduct simulations to assess the effects of variations in process parameters, i.e., laser beam power density and size, number of layers, and the overlay pattern, on the durability and damage tolerance of components such as gears and shafts. The foundation for the virtual LSP is a hybrid empirical/analytical process model of laser peening which allows the residual stress and plastic strain distributions throughout a member to be predicted from the process parameters and from the beam overlay pattern. The hybrid empirical/analytical process model combines parametric test data, along with the elastic strain solution for a half-space subjected to blast pressure loading, to synthesize, via the method of strain invariance, an approximate elastoplastic solution to the equations governing the propagation into the material of a shock wave formed by the laser pulse. The process model is computationally efficient, and allows estimates of the residual stress distribution, the part distortion due to the plastic strains, and the crack nucleation and crack growth lives to be obtained by straightforward CAD modeling operations. The CAD tool will also have, in addition to the virtual LSP simulation capability, a virtual shot peening capability, so that hybrid peening schemes involving LSP peening followed by a final layer of LSP peening can be evaluated. The feasibility of using such a tool to shorten the manufacturing process development time for a laser peened gear will be demonstrated and validated via testing in Phase II.

DEFORMATION CONTROL TECHNOLOGY, INC. 7261 Engle Road, Suite 105 Cleveland, OH 44130
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(440) 234-8477 Dr. B. Lynn Ferguson ARMY 05-063 Awarded: 04NOV05
Title:	Design Tool for Fatigue Sensitive Steel Rotorcraft Components
Abstract:	In modernizing its rotorcraft fleet, the US Army has identified the need to increase the horsepower of existing rotorcraft transmissions without sacrificing component life, and also the need for new transmission designs with higher power density capacity and improved durability. The concept of improving durability without enlarging the current transmission envelop or imposing changes that would require new part qualifications is attractive from standpoints of cost and time savings. The Laser shock peening (LSP) process has this potential. A non-contact method, LSP can improve the fatigue life by achieving high levels of residual compression to significant depths in a part. While LSP is used commercially for other aerospace materials and parts for life improvement, it has not been used on carburized steels. In Phase I, carburized and quench hardened Pyrowearr 53 steel test bars will be treated using LSP to determine the effects of initial stress state of the part and process parameters on residual stress. A finite element process model will be developed and validated to provide the basis of a design tool that can be used to assess potential applications of LSP for transmission components and to predict the level of fatigue life improvement that may be anticipated.

SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS & RESEARCH ASSOC., INC. 6300 Gateway Dr. Cypress, CA 90630
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 224-4410 Mr. Duane Cline ARMY 05-064 Awarded: 11NOV05
Title:	Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) See-and-Avoid Technology to Allow Unrestricted Operations in Civil and Military Low Altitude Airspace
Abstract:	The proliferation of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) designed to perform a wide range of missions in both the military and civilian markets has accelerated dramatically in recent years. Unmanned aircraft are currently limited to operation within predetermined flight corridors to minimize the potential for conflict with other aircraft. Manned and unmanned aircraft operating in civilian airspace below 10,000 feet must be able to detect and avoid other aircraft through active communications or passive observations. Before UAVs can gain unlimited access to uncontrolled civilian airspace, new sensor technologies must be developed to enable the detection and tracking of nearby aircraft under all flight conditions. SARA proposes a passive acoustic sensor system to provide air traffic alerts to the UAV operator. The sensor system builds on proven airborne acoustic sensor technology developed by SARA under Army contracts. Acoustic sensors provide a continuous spherical field of view and are unaffected by clouds, fog or darkness. The system components weigh less than one pound and require less than 5W of power, minimizing payload impacts. SARA will also adapt existing Scout UAV data display software to assess UAV and traffic flight paths to assess the possibility of airspace conflicts and provide the appropriate operator alerts.

CFD RESEARCH CORP. 215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 726-4800 Dr. Essam Sheta ARMY 05-065 Awarded: 11NOV05
Title:	Wavelet-Based Vorticity Transport Technology for Rotorcraft Flowfield Analysis
Abstract:	A hybrid Eulerian vorticity transport/Navier-Stokes methodology is proposed for the accurate prediction of unsteady rotorcraft vortical flow features with particular attention to the efficient transport of rotor wake vorticity to the farfield with minimal dissipation. High-fidelity Navier-Stokes modeling will be used for the capturing of near-body flow features, while a novel, first principles, wavelet-based multiresolution Eulerian vorticity transport model will be developed for use in the near-field, vortex-dominated region and for convecting the shed vorticity into and through the far-field region. These two flow regions will be interfaced in a unique fashion in order to capture propagation of the vorticity, entropy and acoustic waves without unphysical reflections. Wavelet technology is expected to provide an order of magnitude reduction in grid and CPU requirements. In Phase I, the wavelet-based multiresolution Eulerian vorticity transport model will be developed as a stand-alone module, while an efficient interface will be developed between the vorticity transport model and Navier-Stokes code. The feasibility of the proposed technology will be demonstrated by the prediction of three-dimensional vortex shedding relevant to Blade Vortex Interaction (BVI). In Phase II, the vorticity transport and hybrid interface modules will be generalized and integrated into modern and well-used high-fidelity rotor CFD codes and verified and validated on a range of rotorcraft datasets.

CONTINUUM DYNAMICS, INC. 34 Lexington Avenue Ewing, NJ 08618
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 538-0444 Dr. Glen R. Whitehouse ARMY 05-065 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Novel Eulerian Vorticity Transport Wake Module for Rotorcraft Flow Analysis
Abstract:	Accurate rotorcraft performance prediction is essential to both the design and development of rotorcraft, and also the support of flight testing, establishing of safe flight envelopes and analysis of flight operations. While current Lagrangian- and Eulerian-based analysis tools can, in principle, model the complete rotorcraft, in practice these implementations are severely hampered by accuracy limitations broadly attributed to modeling assumptions (for Lagrangian methods) or numerical deficiencies (e.g. excessive numerical diffusion for Eulerian CFD methods using computationally feasible grid scales). Because of these limitations, commonly used design and analysis tools fail to adequately predict the unsteady 3D wakes and load distributions of new rotor and fuselage designs. What has long been needed is an approach that retains the first-principles physical modeling capability offered by Eulerian schemes with the vortex preservation capabilities and low numerical diffusion generally enjoyed by vortex techniques. Enabled by recently developed breakthrough technologies in Eulerian rotor wake modeling that specifically address the critical numerical diffusion issue, the proposed effort will develop a first-principles based Eulerian vorticity transport wake module that when coupled to suitable CFD tools will provide an unprecedented improvement in capturing the true temporal and spatial unsteadiness of the rotor wake using readily available computational resources.

PERCEPTEK 12395 North Mead Way Littleton, CO 80125
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(720) 344-1037 Dr. Chris Debrunner ARMY 05-066 Awarded: 03NOV05
Title:	Obstacle Representation Database From Sensor Data
Abstract:	PercepTek proposes the development of a software package that will process 3D point data from a range sensors such as LADAR or stereo to produce formats more suitable for navigation algorithms. The approach is based on an octree data structure used by PercepTek on its 3D from Video project. The representation serves as an efficient access mechanism for an extensible set of model primitives ranging in complexity from the input 3D points to planar patches or to more complex structures such as buildings or trees. Because this representation is 3D, it will support 3D planners as well as the 2D and 2.5D planners in common use today. This octree data structure easily handles hierarchical descriptions of the model as well as simplified representations of objects (e.g., bounding boxes) useful for rapid intersection testing. The Phase I effort will include a study of existing planning algorithms to determine their requirements, but will focus on the development of a prototype allowing evaluation of the accuracy, memory requirements, and computational requirements of the modeling process and the query response process. Evaluation will be based on experiments using simulated and real data of the McKenna MOUT site from the ACO data collection.

TECHNO-SCIENCES, INC. 10001 Derekwood Lane, Suite 204 Lanham, MD 20706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 577-6000 Dr. Peter Chen ARMY 05-067 Awarded: 11NOV05
Title:	Dynamic Camber Control for Helicopter Rotor Blades
Abstract:	Techno-Sciences, Inc. (TSi), in collaboration with the University of Maryland, and our commercialization partner, Bell Helicopter Textron proposes to develop and prototype an innovative Active Conformal Camber Actuator (ACCA) Technology for improved rotor performance. The ACCA effectively consists of a piezohydraulic pump coupled to hydraulic artificial muscle (HAM) actuators that deform a honeycomb structure covered with a flexible skin. The result is a solid state piezoceramic actuator with both high force and high stroke capability that is ideally suited to the force and stroke requirements for adaptive camber control.

IRVINE SENSORS CORP. 3001 Redhill Avenue, Building #3-108 Costa Mesa, CA 92626
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 444-8795 Ms. Rekha Doshi ARMY 05-068 Awarded: 30NOV05
Title:	Image Intensifier Compatible Thermal Imaging System
Abstract:	The goal of the program is to develop three innovative concepts for easily adding a thermal capability to a presently fielded image intensified system. The three concepts will be modeled, and studied, in terms of cost, weight, power, range performance, human factors and compatibility with existing equipment. A figure of merit will be calculated and the approach with the highest value will be breadboard for testing and evaluation. The analysis and testing results will be evaluated to identify the most cost effective method of optically performing a simplified fusion of the thermal addition with the existing image intensifier imagery for the dismounted soldier.

KOPIN CORP. 200 John Hancock Rd Taunton, MA 02780
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(972) 980-2636 Mr. Antonio Bacarella ARMY 05-068 Awarded: 29NOV05
Title:	Image Intensifier Compatible Thermal Imaging System
Abstract:	We will evaluate at least three innovative concepts of upgrading legacy Image Intensified Night Vision Goggle (NVG) systems to optically fused I2T/LWIR systems or Thermally Upgraded Night Vision Goggles (TUNVG). Our focus will be to maximize the use of deployed hardware while integrating the thermal capability in a way which best satisfies the need of the war-fighter. A key goal in our effort will be to identify a solution which is not simply technically feasible, but is producible and can be deployed in volume rapidly and at a low cost. Each concept for retrofitting the units will be evaluated on paper based upon their individual merits. The evaluation criteria will consist of key system drivers such as cost, weight, power, fields of view, range characteristics of each sensor individually as well as overlaid (combined). We will also evaluate the logistics associated with retrofit of fielded systems, ease of reconfiguration, spares, maintainability and reliability. We will select at least one concept to be built and evaluated against key performance parameters (KPPs). We propose to prototype our concepts for upgrading NVGs using the PVS-14 monocular NVG as the experimental platform.

HYPRES., INC. 175 Clearbrook Road Elmsford, NY 10523
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(914) 592-1190 Mr. Pavel Shevchenko ARMY 05-069 Selected for Award
Title:	Digital Interface between Multigigahertz Transceivers and Room Temperature Electronics
Abstract:	HYPRES proposes to develop Multigigahertz Digital Interface between high-frequency low-power superconductor electronics such as receivers and transceivers and high-power low-frequency room-temperature electronics. It will be used in the new architecture of deserialized Digital-RF Receivers combining an extremely sensitive, ultra-linear quantizer, sampled by a low-jitter, ultra-fast clock with high-speed digital interface and low-cost room temperature electronics.

MZEAL COMMUNICATIONS 48 Cannonball Road Sharon, MA 02067
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 223-1524 Dr. Rajini Anachi ARMY 05-070 Selected for Award
Title:	Adaptive Bandwidth Service (ABS)
Abstract:	The purpose of this proposal is to research the feasibility of and describe the architecture for an Adaptive Bandwidth Service. The Adaptive Bandwidth Service (ABS) is an application level, network-monitoring and adaptation service envisioned for deployment in the NCES framework that facilitates network awareness on the part of heterogeneous applications. Use of this service is intended to provide a means for applications to adjust dynamically to fluctuating network conditions, increasing or decreasing bandwidth usage as the current network status dictates. This provides the dual benefit of enhancing the overall health of the network, while at the same time giving the application a means to "gracefully degrade" in the face of a challenging network environment.

INFORMATION EXTRACTION & TRANSPORT, INC. 1911 N. Ft. Myer Drive, Suite 600 Arlington, VA 22209
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(541) 752-7473 Dr. Francis Fung ARMY 05-071 Awarded: 30NOV05
Title:	Command and Control (C2) Database Translation Application
Abstract:	Situation awareness in network-centric warfare requires the ability to access information stored in a variety of different formats. Hence, the Army requires tools to facilitate the translation and alignment of information so that it can be transmitted between locations and understood, and so that it can be queried, displayed, and transmitted quickly and accurately to users at a variety of levels in the form that is of most use to To address this challenge, IET propose the Quik-Speak system, an online data translation utility. This portable, self-contained tool will provide a unified environment for performing translations of data between databases by supplying: . An ontology discovery tool to auto-sense disparate database structures from database schemas. . An ontology mapping learner to automatically construct candidate ontology mappings between these discovered ontologies. . A data translation generator that uses a glossary-rich foundational data schema to construct translation between different formats, measurement standards, and representational granularity levels. . A graphical tool utilizing advanced concepts in graphical representation of ontology mappings specifying, selecting, and refining ontology alignment and data translations.

INFINIA CORP. 6811 West Okanogan Place Kennewick, WA 99336
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(509) 735-4700 Dr. SONGGANG QIU ARMY 05-072 Selected for Award
Title:	Advanced Tactical 2 kW Stirling Power Sources for Cogeneration Applications
Abstract:	The U.S. military, in transitioning to a more mobile and networked Future Force, has increasing needs for small, quiet, lightweight, reliable power systems to supply energy for a variety of mission needs in the silent watch category. Currently employed Tactical Quiet Generator (TQG) sets mounted on trailers are heavy and require large footprints. A typical 10 kW generator expends a majority (60%) of its electrical capacity providing power for environmental systems, primarily, heating and cooling. By employing a cogeneration strategy, overall system size and weight can be greatly reduced. Infinia Corporation proposes to develop a 2.5 kW free-piston Stirling Tactical Cogeneration System (STaCS) to provide combined heat and power (CHP) quietly and reliably from logistics fuel.

TIAX LLC 15 Acorn Park Cambridge, MA 02140
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 498-5819 Mr. Allan Chertok ARMY 05-072 Selected for Award
Title:	Advanced Tactical 2 KW Stirling Power Sources for Co-Generation Applications
Abstract:	The Army Communications and Electronics Command (CECOM) is seeking smaller and lighter apparatus to meet the electric power and heating/cooling needs of vehicle mounted shelters. To reduce present system weight CECOM is exploring the feasibility of an external combustion Stirling engine powered generator to provide mission electrical power and capturing combustor and engine reject heat for shelter heating and thermally activated cooling. The goals of solicitation A05-072 are closely aligned with the capabilities of a TIAX Free Piston Stirling Engine power plant with integral linear alternators, power converter and digital control system-the TIAX "Micro-Power" system. The Micro-Power system is a quiet, robust, multi-fuel-capable engine-generator. Micro-Power prototypes support on-going product development activities at TIAX one of which is CECOM-sponsored investigation of JP-8 fired combustor technology to be tested with a 600 W Micro-Power system. The proposed Phase I program will scale the 600 W engine-generator and developmental JP-8 combustor to 2,000 W and will investigate means to capture and transport combustor and engine reject heat to drive TOC heating and thermally activated cooling apparatus. A proof-of-concept 2,000 W generator set incorporating reject heat capture capabilities developed in Phase I will be designed, fabricated and tested in a Phase II program.

ISX CORP. 760 Paseo Camarillo, Ste. 401 Camarillo, CA 93010
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(678) 581-2000 Mr. Mike Kopack ARMY 05-073 Selected for Award
Title:	Command & Control Tools For Air/Ground Unmanned System Collaboration
Abstract:	Unmanned system teams are quickly becoming a major player on the modern battlefield. As these systems become more prevalent and the control ratio of controllers to systems reverses to allow a single controller to operate multiple units, effective command and control systems become a paramount concern. To effectively control these systems, techniques for teaming unmanned systems to solve a problem, mechanisms to allow those units to understand the wishes and needs of the controller, and methods of communicating the status of the team to the controller must be devised. There has been a swell of research in the area of teaming and problem solving, but limited experience in heterogeneous systems, and less still in how to allow a single user to communicate effectively with that team to solve a problem. In the ACCAST system (Advanced Command and Control of Autonomous System Teams) project, ISX and it's partner CMU, will investigate potential solutions to this command and control problem, develop a series of metrics for evaluating various C&C techniques, and produce a trade study document outlining our findings and proposing the best solutions to the problem. This information will provide the US Army with a roadmap of how to proceed with integration of teamed unmanned systems command and control in future systems such as FCS.

TOYON RESEARCH CORP. Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Dr. Mark R. Meloon ARMY 05-073 Selected for Award
Title:	Graphical Techniques for Cooperative Control of Unmanned Assets
Abstract:	Toyon Research Corporation proposes to research and analyze innovative technologies for the dynamic management of Unmanned Air and Ground Vehicles (UAVs, UGVs) and Unattended Ground Sensors (UGS) with an emphasis on achieving synergy and collaboration between the assets. Algorithms for the effective use of dynamic Bayesian networks and decision theory for performing data fusion and inference in military scenarios will be researched. These graphical techniques allow for human oversight of the reasoning process. Several methods of constructing candidate routes for UAVs and UGVs to follow will be investigated and analyzed for their suitability in military intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) missions. Algorithms for allocating unmanned assets to destinations will be judged on their ability to perform effective pairings with an acceptable computational cost. We will implement the most suitable approach in our software testbed SLAMEMT and demonstrate the feasibility of the resulting system for performing ISR on an example military mission. In Phase II, we would continue to develop prototype software featuring these algorithms, address issues specific to decentralized control, and characterize the performance against a variety of scenarios requiring cooperation between the assets.

GESTALT, LLC 1040 First Avenue, Suite 302 King of Prussia, PA 19406
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(856) 614-5447 Mr. Robert Pollack ARMY 05-074 Selected for Award
Title:	Network-Aware Intelligent Overlay Network
Abstract:	The commercial web services deployment model is simply not suitable for service-based architectures (SBAs) in a tactical environment. In a commercial SBA, service providers are stable and offer near-100% availability. Moreover, their access points (URLs) do not change. In a tactical military environment, however, services are short-lived and their access points change frequently. Consider, for example, the properties that a video feed from an unmanned aircraft would have if it were implemented as a web service. One solution is to create a service broker that is responsible for tracking the location and availability of service providers. The feasibility of such a broker has been demonstrated in a J2EE environment, but the emerging Service Logic Execution Environment (SLEE) standard may offer an even better solution. This effort will study the feasibility of implementing a brokered service deployment framework in a SLEE container. It will address issues such as avoiding single points of failure and selecting services by real-time context (such as an aircraft's location). Finally, this effort will create a working prototype of such a framework and test it at a major exercise.

MAK TECHNOLOGIES 10 Fawcett Street Cambridge, MA 02318
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 876-8085 Mr. Russell Lane ARMY 05-074 Awarded: 06DEC05
Title:	Intelligent Service Coordination for Tactical, Net-centric Environments
Abstract:	MAK Technologies will develop publish-subscribe, distributed object middleware to support network-centric operations over tactical networks.

ALTEX TECHNOLOGIES CORP. 244 Sobrante Way Sunnyvale, CA 94086
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 328-8303 Dr. Mehdi Namazian ARMY 05-075 Selected for Award
Title:	JP-8 Fueled Low Temperature Pre-Reformer and SOFC System (LTPR-SOFC) For Portable Applications
Abstract:	Low temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) operating on JP-8 and other distillate fuels are the ideal power sources for all applications, especially for portable power applications. By operating at lower temperature (400-600 C) these systems have faster response, quicker startup, better longevity, less heat loss, lower thermal signature, higher system efficiency and lower cost. Altex and Evogy have teamed up to develop the portable Low Temperature Pre-Reformer and SOFC (LTPR-SOFC) that can efficiently and reliably operate on JP-8 fuel. LTPR-SOFC combines the Altex's proven distillate fuel pre-reforming technology that operates at or around 550 C with Evogy's proven low temperature SOFC technology, which also operates at or around 550 C, to reliably convert JP-8 to power. By matching the prereforming and SOFC temperatures operation, the system design is simplified and the heat loss is minimized. Also by operating at 550 C, the interconnect lifetime in improved, the system startup time is reduced and the system thermal degradation is minimized, thus enhancing the system reliability and longevity. Under the Phase I, a 1 kWe LTPR-SOFC will be designed and a subscale unit will be fabricated and tested on JP-8. These activities will provide the basis for developing, fabricating, demonstrating and delivering a 1 kWe LTPR-SOFC to the Army under Phase II.

FUNCTIONAL COATING TECHNOLOGY, LLC. 1801 Maple Ave. suite 5320 Evanston, IL 60201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 467-5376 Dr. Ilwon Kim ARMY 05-075 Selected for Award
Title:	High Performance, Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Generators Utilizing a Novel Logistic Fuel Internal Reforming Stack Design
Abstract:	The proposed project is based on two recent exciting innovations: the direct operation of low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) by direct internal reforming of liquid hydrocarbon fuels, and a novel mechanically-robust stack design that is ideally suited for small-scale (�1kW) generators. The aims of the Phase I project are to demonstrate the combination of these innovations by fabricating and testing stacks with logistic fuel, and to design a generator system based on these stack elements. The Phase I work will begin with Y-stabilized zirconia electrolyte cells, but will transition to Sc-stabilized zirconia electrolytes in order to allow reduced operating temperature. The proposed stack design provides an ideal basis for a robust kW-scale generator. The segmented-in-series cells are deposited on both sides of an insulating flattened-tube support. The tubular geometry combined with a high toughness ceramic support material, partially stabilized zirconia, provides stack elements with significantly higher mechanical strength than conventional planar SOFCs. Furthermore, it avoid significant issues with sealing and interconnection in planar designs. The stack and system design will utilize pre-Phase I and Phase I stack test results combined with state-of-the-art chemical and mass transport kinetic models. These will allow us to make key design choices along with quantifying desired system parameters, e.g. inlet and outlet temperatures, heat exchanger requirements, air cooling requirements, etc. This work will be extended in Phase II, and combined with sulfur removal from liquid hydrocarbons, new catalyst materials, new lower-temperature cell materials, and stack/system modelling to produce a prototype kW-scale solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack that is ideally suited for Army applications as well as a number of commercial applications.

ENERGY CONCEPTS CO., LLC 627 Ridgely Ave. Annapolis, MD 21401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 266-6521 Mr. Donald C. Erickson ARMY 05-076 Selected for Award
Title:	Mobile Heat Actuated Air Conditioning and Heating Unit
Abstract:	As DoD develops more complex weapons, electronics and computer platforms there is an increasing demand for both power and cooling. This highlights the urgent need for innovative designs in environmental control and electric generation. Electric generation releases waste heat. Heat-activated absorption cycles can convert exhaust heat to useful cooling. This ability gains added significance in mobile applications, in view of all the system level costs of generating motive power for electric powered chillers. This proposal focuses on the DoD requirements for mobile air conditioning, but with a clear vision of the importance to many private sector applications, such as bus air conditioning, refrigerated trucks, and refrigerated boats and ships. This Phase I effort will provide a preliminary design of a 1.5 ton environmental control unit (ECU) which can be powered by field generator exhaust. The focus is on achieving the high level of compactness and light weight appropriate for a mobile application. One critical component ?the absorber/AHX ?will be actually fabricated and tested. This work is in preparation for prototyping and testing the complete ECU in phase II. This project will demonstrate the compactness and economy achievable from a modest extrapolation from the current state-of-the-art in aqua ammonia absorption cycles.

NOREGON SYSTEMS, INC. 500 Shepherd St. Ste 300 Winston-Salem, NC 27103
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(336) 768-4337 Mr. Lee Lackey ARMY 05-077 Selected for Award
Title:	Diagnostic / Prognostic System for Tactical Power Sources
Abstract:	Maintenance on Army Tactical Power Systems (TPS's) is currently performed at regular intervals regardless of actual usage or operating conditions - wasting resources servicing systems that do not need maintenance, and missing opportunities to prevent catastrophic failures. The Army seeks to 1) improve maintenance efficiency and effectiveness by servicing systems based on actual usage and 2) implement a diagnostics and prognostics (D&P) system that will continuously monitor system health, allowing the Army to predict and prevent system failures. Noregon will use COTS technology to develop the requirements for a Realtime System Monitor, which reads parameters and operating information from the TPS, indicates System Readiness, and alerts the operator to Preventive Maintenance needs; and for the Offboard System Diagnostics PC application, which provides more detailed D&P information and data retention, aggregation, and reporting. This system will increase TPS reliability, affordability, survivability, and operational safety while reducing the maintenance ratio. Noregon will leverage its 12+ years experience in heavy-duty vehicle engine D&P and embedded systems, and its existing diagnostics PC application framework. Because commercial power generation systems are very similar to TPS's, Noregon expects this solution will be directly applicable to the commercial market, which is growing at 8% annually starting in 2005.

GLOBAL INFOTEK, INC. 1920 Association Drive, Suite 200 Reston, VA 20191
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 652-1600 Mr. Tedd W Gimber ARMY 05-078 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Intelligent Agent Research
Abstract:	Today, large amounts of critical information, scattered around the battlespace, cannot be located and processed fast enough for timely decision making. The result is poor situational awareness because commanders lack the facts they need. Intelligent software agents are now being developed that will collect, appraise, and deliver pertinent information to the right component at the right time. Yet these agents lack a common framework to interoperate in battlefield applications. The challenge is to research a common framework that permits legacy, current, and future agents to function together at the tactical battle command level, communicating across a variety of networks, to provide information to decision makers in real time. GITI will research the variety of currently available agent technologies and frameworks. We will determine their strengths and weaknesses and document the requirements of a common agent development environment. We will use those requirements with our extensive experience in agent technology to design an Agent Factory. This Factory will allow non-engineers to create agents that will interoperate with each other, other agent frameworks, and legacy systems. This will allow tactical personnel to tailor agents to react quickly to changing situations such as hostile threats, movement of coalition forces, or modified operation plans.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5229 Dr. Eric van Doorn ARMY 05-079 Selected for Award
Title:	Covert Through Wall Sensing with MEMS Radios
Abstract:	Intelligent Automation, Inc. (IAI), proposes through the wall sensing system consisting of a network of expendable local area MEMS sensors. The key innovation of our work is detection of persons moving behind walls or inside buildings using the RF communication link itself. IAI has effectively tested narrowband MEMS radios networks for intrusion detection nets that offers the following key innovation factors for a covert through-the wall-sensing-system: (1) sense through the wall, movements of human a intruder behind the wall (2) distinguish intruders movements from objects far away (2) distinguish fluctuations due to vehicular intruders, cell phones and other transmitters. (3) covertness and less sensitiveness to jamming (4) real time "distributed Intelligence" that distinguishes and reports position, velocity, direction of the moving object and resolve simultaneous detection of more than one moving intruder advancing in different directions and (5) dynamic Power management that reduces at least 50% memory usage.

OCEANIT LABORATORIES, INC. 1001 Bishop Street, ASB Tower, Suite 2970 Honolulu, HI 96813
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 531-3017 Dr. Ken Cheung ARMY 05-079 Awarded: 22NOV05
Title:	MEMS Technology for Sense Through the Wall Applications
Abstract:	The Army has developed systems for Sense-Through-The-Wall (STTW) intelligence collection, and while they are effective in many scenarios, these current technologies have capability shortcomings and characteristics that limit their usefulness in many applications. These shortcomings include encumbrance (oversized or heavy unit) and lack of portability, required man in-the-loop, and the inability to sense stationary targets. This research effort will leverage MEMS fabrication techniques, radio-frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) miniaturization methods, and Oceanit's expertise in Doppler radar sensing to develop smaller-than-handheld radar devices in adaptable, remotely operated, networked configurations that can be used to collect intelligence through walls in a variety of situations.

OCEANIT LABORATORIES, INC. 1001 Bishop Street, ASB Tower, Suite 2970 Honolulu, HI 96813
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 338-9000 Dr. Basil Scott ARMY 05-080 Awarded: 15NOV05
Title:	Hostile Fire Indicator (HFI)
Abstract:	In response to Army topic A052-080-1968, Oceanit Laboratories proposes the Hostile Fire Detection System (HFDS), which will detect attacks from close range weapons and locate enemy combatants. HFDS will utilize optical sensing techniques that combine temporal metrics with spectral intensity. A high-speed optical sensor enables rapid detection of events, including gunshot muzzle flash and distinguishes real weapons fire from false signals such as sun glint. HFDS is configurable and consists of two Line Replaceable Units (LRUs): Optical Sensor Modules (OSMs) and the Electronic Control Unit (ECU). The OSMs will be custom designed, while the ECU will utilize a commercial-off-the-shelf/non-developmental item (COTS/NDI) design approach. The system will detect hostile events in 1/10th second and locate enemy combatants in 1 second or less. The research and development will be based on successful Air Force and Missile Defense Agency programs. Phase I will demonstrate feasibility. Phase II will develop a prototype for testing. When fully developed, the system will support a range of Anti-Terrorism/Force Protection requirements including protection of troops in hostile and non-hostile areas and protection of official US facilities such as embassies. The system could also provide Homeland Security protection for commercial airports and ports.

TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP. 1900 S. Sepulveda Blvd, Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90025
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(203) 268-1249 Mr. Allan Corbeil ARMY 05-081 Awarded: 08DEC05
Title:	Anomaly Detection in Ground Moving Target Indicating (GMTI) Radar
Abstract:	UAV-based GMTI radar offers the capability to detect anomalous vehicle and personnel activity in real-time to cue narrow field of view EO/IR sensors for identifying enemy targets in the presence of normal vehicle and foot traffic. Data mining is the process of extracting useful information from large complex data sets, and is ideal for application to GMTI. TSC proposes to significantly enhance our existing GMTI Data Mining techniques, which have been successfully applied to detect convoys in dense background traffic in a classified Joint STARS GMTI database from Operation Iraqi Freedom. In Phase 1, TSC will develop innovative temporal, spatial and hybrid data mining techniques to analyze traffic patterns and detect suspicious vehicle behavior in challenging UAV surveillance scenarios of interest to the Army. We will employ extensive in-house target and background models and GMTI simulation tools to evaluate the feasibility of these algorithms on simulated data that is representative of near-term UAV systems. In Phase 2, TSC will refine the most promising techniques and develop a software architecture that will be utilized to fully test the algorithms on both simulated and collected GMTI data. TSC will also investigate methods to detect anomalous activities of personnel using GMTI measurements.

DECISIVE ANALYTICS CORP. 1235 South Clark Street, Suite 400 Arlington, VA 22202
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 414-5001 Dr. David Lee ARMY 05-082 Selected for Award
Title:	Battle Damage Assessment Information Fusion
Abstract:	The operational commander must interpret large amounts of real-time, imperfect data from multiple heterogeneous sources in order to perform Battle Damage Assessment (BDA). The challenge is to develop a semi-automated BDA system that will provide the commander with accurate, relevant and timely information allowing him/her to focus on the relevant usable action-oriented knowledge extracted from the incoming data stream. The goal of this research is to address this challenge by building on the JDL data fusion model. This innovative BDA software prototype will incorporate a suite of intelligent agents capable of performing natural language processing, ontological processing, and data mining. Our goals will be realized through two major activities: (1) researching and adapting known and novel data fusion methodologies, and (2) developing a collaborative intelligent agent BDA (IABDA) software prototype that implements the DNN architecture to control data fusion. The IABDA software will support the operational commanders in monitoring and estimating the complete battle damage picture, supplementing their creative and cognitive abilities with automated techniques. Ultimately, this will approach will lead to improved efficiency and operational effectiveness.

APPLIED EM, INC. 24 Research Drive Hampton, VA 23666
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 224-2035 Dr. C. J. Reddy ARMY 05-083 Awarded: 15NOV05
Title:	Modeling the Effect of Aircraft Rotor Blades on Airborne Direction Finding (DF) Systems
Abstract:	Direction Finding (DF) systems on rotorcrafts vehicles and more specifically rotorcraft UAVs suffer from effects on rotorcraft blade modulations. Only coarse DF on rotorcraft has been achieved during the EH-60 QuickFix program. During this effort, Applied EM is proposing to develop very accurate modeling tools to predict performance of DF systems on rotorcrafts. DF arrays are normally designed without accounting for platform effects. When mounted on a UAV, the operation of the direction-finding array is greatly affected by interactions of the antenna elements with the UAV structure. For a fixed wing UAV, these effects are mitigated by calibrating the DF array with the UAV structure. But for a rotorcraft UAV they cannot be implemented due to the inherent dynamic conditions associated with the rotating blades. Our major contribution to the current technology will be the development of cohesive modeling tools to simulate the effect of rotating blades on DF system, and to recommend mitigation techniques that concurrently address low size, weight and power (SWaP) requirements.

DIGITAL RECEIVER TECHNOLOGY, INC. 20250 Century Blvd, Suite 300 Germantown, MD 20874
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 916-5554 Mr. Joel Martin ARMY 05-084 Awarded: 15NOV05
Title:	Handheld Software Defined Radio Platform for Force Protection Operations
Abstract:	DRT will perform an investigation to identify a feasible design approach for a handheld tactical threat warning radio through the use of reconfigurable software radio techniques. Design aspects for the RF, digital, and power supply elements will undergo careful study in orer to identify suitable technology that will minimize size, weight, and power consumpion. The aspects of mechanical design will be studied to find innovative ways for reliable and durable packaging of a mixed-signal product, as well as techniques for thermal management and ergonomic concerns. The system software architecture will be closely examined to identify the required functionality for both the requirements of processing needed for a threat warning radio application, Finally, DRT plans to use the findings of this study to establish the development baseline if DRT is selected to receive the Phase II award.

OPCOAST LLC 2530 Hooper Ave Brick, NJ 08723
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 598-5342 Dr. David Rhodes ARMY 05-085 Awarded: 14DEC05
Title:	Sensor / Network Electronic Attack Kit (S/NEAK)
Abstract:	The proposed effort will focus on the disruption of networks versus particular communications links using powerful optimization and co-design approaches. A technique for assigning target value metrics will be developed an applied to `best effort' extractions of adversary network topologies proposed in this work. Adversary network usage denial is conducted in conjunction with goals that reflect minimization of adverse impact to friendly and neutral communications and networks. By adjusting objective functions, we expect the core underlying algorithms and techniques to also apply to friendly communications planning as well as enemy jamming. All planning will account for location and jammer costs in terms of mobility and availability and resource contention.

Q-TRACK CORP. 515 Sparkman Drive Huntsville, AL 35816
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 489-0075 Dr. Hans G. Schantz ARMY 05-086 Awarded: 17NOV05
Title:	Multi-Mode Combat ID
Abstract:	Q-Track Corporation (Q-Track) will design and explore the feasibility of a Location Aware Combat ID (LACID) system using a recent wireless breakthrough known as Near Field Electromagnetic Ranging (NFERT) to provide situational awareness of friendly dismounted soldiers and vehicle platforms. The NFER-enabled LACID system will operate in complicated non-line-of-sight environments such as those encountered during military operations in urban terrain (MOUT). The NFER-enabled LACID System will operate within the constraints of the battlefield environment, including challenges of radio signal propagation, Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), Low Probability of Intercept (LPI), line of sight occlusion, multipath, extreme heat and cold, and physical contact. Additionally, a study will be made to examine if production engineering is likely to craft a NFER-enabled LACID tag that would be acceptable to the Army in terms of size, weight, range, and battery life. As part of the Phase I effort, Team member SAIC will prepare a CONOPS for the NFER-enabled LACID system to assure that the design is realistic from an operational perspective.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Photonic Systems Division, 20600 Gramercy Place, B Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Marvin G. Niimura ARMY 05-087 Selected for Award
Title:	Terahertz Spectroscopic Radar Mobile System for Detection of Concealed Explosives
Abstract:	To address the U.S. Army need for new techniques for detecting concealed explosives, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes a new 100 m standoff Terahertz Spectroscopic Radar (TSR) which uses terahertz (THz) molecular spectroscopy to detect the unique THz absorption wavelength signature of an explosive's outgassed material. This design exhibits the most decisive identification pattern of explosives, whose molecular vibration modes lie in the THz region. To detect these specific explosive identifiers, TSR's innovative design analyzes the retroreflected THz signals from targets rather than the transmitted THz signals common to the conventional spectroscopy performed inside a laboratory. The TSR design combines a wideband (1-20 THz) transmitter and a receiver spectrometer, built on a mobile station. Using a high-quality submillimeter wave radar to send high rep-rate (~100 MHz) THz probing pulses, we can identify not only the explosive but also the location of the target with spatial resolution better than 0.03 mm since our radar pulsewidth is faster than 100 femtosecond (fs). The average power of our source is exceptionally high (~100 W) compared with any other THz sources. In Phase I we will build a preliminary TSR prototype, while Phase II will focus on a full engineering prototype.

TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP. 1900 S. Sepulveda Blvd, Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90025
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(203) 261-3508 Mr. Alan Pieramico ARMY 05-088 Selected for Award
Title:	Automated Feature/Anomaly Extraction from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Coherent Change Detection (CCD) Imagery
Abstract:	SAR imaging is a key capability for Army programs such as Future Combat Systems and Aerial Common Sensor. Coherent change detection (CCD) is a powerful technique to examine large SAR images and identify areas where enemy activities have occurred. However, continual changes occur in populated regions making it necessary to differentiate military and civilian activities. To address this challenge, TSC will a develop a suite of innovative real-time algorithms that can segment the terrain into homogeneous regions, identify areas in which changes have occurred, extract features such as straight line and curved vehicle tracks, classify vehicles based on the track separation, detect foot traffic, locate areas that have been used for military activity (e.g. resupply, bivouac) and locate areas being prepared for military use (e.g. revetments, launch sites). A key feature of TSC's approach is to use not only a CCD image, but also the multiple reference images that are provided by persistent surveillance. The CCD imagery will be differenced to remove areas of low correlation, eliminate persistent false alarms, and detect soil subsidence. Another key feature of TSC's approach is establishing normalcy models to help differentiate routine and anomalous activities.

TOYON RESEARCH CORP. Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Dr. Kenan O. Ezal ARMY 05-089 Awarded: 30NOV05
Title:	A Miniature Ultra-Tightly Coupled Software-Defined Navigation (SDN) System with Direction-Finding, Attitude-Determination and Anti-Jam GPS
Abstract:	Toyon Research Corporation proposes to develop a miniature ultra-tightly coupled software-defined navigation (SDN) system that can provide anti-jam (AJ) GPS capability and attitude measurements independent of an inertial measurement unit (IMU). Using a single-aperture 4-cm antenna, the system will provide angle-of-arrival (AoA) measurements for GPS jammers as well as signals outside the GPS band. These AoA measurements can assist emitter localization algorithms that use time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) and frequency-difference-of-arrival (FDOA) methods, and can be used for threat identification and elimination. The SDN system will also accept a variety of IMU measurements for optimum AJ GPS and ultra-tightly coupled GPS/inertial navigation system (INS) performance. These may include low-cost micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), magnetic compass, magnetometer, altimeter, time-of-arrival (TOA) inputs, and electro-optical (EO)/infrared (IR) sensors. The drift-free GPS-based attitude estimates will augment measurements obtained by low-cost MEMS gyros with large rate biases, thereby improving the overall system performance. Moreover, Toyon has teamed with Analytical Graphics, Inc. (AGI), the developer of the industry standard Navigation Tool Kit (NTK) and Satellite Tool Kit (STK) software to analyze and verify the accuracy of the SDN system and sensor mixture specifically for TDOA and FDOA precision geolocation applications. Furthermore, the SDN module will be developed as open-source software.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5278 Dr. Xianyang Zhu ARMY 05-090 Awarded: 21NOV05
Title:	Innovative and Efficient Design of Directional Ultra Wideband Antennas for UAV Applications
Abstract:	UAVs are widely used for both military and civilian applications for their low cost and flexibility. However, conventional antenna design options are incompatible with the size, weight, power, required RF performance, and flight characteristics of UAVs. On the other hand, the antenna performance can be improved considerably with the integration of the airframe geometries. The key to efficient design such antenna for UAVs is to find a powerful electromagnetic simulation method that can handle complicated structures and an efficient optimization algorithm. A combination of parallel Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) and genetic algorithm (GA) will be employed for this Phase I program. FDTD is most suitable for simulation of arbitrary shaped homogeneous or inhomogeneous targets, while GA can provide global optimum in a relatively short time. A cavity backed antenna integrated with the airframe geometries will be designed, and the shape, substrate distribution, and the position of the antenna will be optimized.

ADELPHI TECHNOLOGY, INC. 981-B Industrial Road San Carlos, CA 94070
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 598-9800 Dr. Jay Theodore Cremer ARMY 05-091 Awarded: 08DEC05
Title:	Detection of Improvised Explosive Devices
Abstract:	The proposed research will demonstrate the technical feasibility of fabricating an effective screening system that will detect explosive materials. The system will be single-sided exposure and detection scheme permitting standoff distances of 1 meter or more. The system will consist of a new, high-intensity, portable neutron source that exposes the subject article and a detector that analyzes the fluorescence �^-rays that are emitted. The determination of the explosives will be done with a resonant-response element-rich detector that will offer heightened sensitivity to characteristic �x-ray emission particular to each element of the explosives. A determination is made whether an explosive is present based on the concentrations of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon and other elements in the suspect space. To increase the speed of detection and maximize the standoff distance, a powerful neutron source will be developed that can be made both portable and rugged. The potential for successful development of the prototype system is very high because of our institutional partner��s prior fabrication and testing of neutron generators and our, and others, prior research in the development of resonance detector systems.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Michael Gertsenshteyn ARMY 05-091 Awarded: 08DEC05
Title:	Focusing X-ray Inspection System
Abstract:	To meet the U.S. Army need for a device to confirm the presence of improvised explosive devices (IEDs), Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Focusing X-ray Inspection (FOCXI) system based on POC's X-ray focusing optics, two COTS X-ray generators and an image processing module. FOCXI can focus below ground or behind walls and combine 2D images into a 3D image to discriminate IEDs from similar objects/cluttered background in real time. The proposed FOCXI system images IEDs and other hidden objects by means of Compton backscattering, operating in the X-ray energy range from 60 to 120 keV. The FOCXI system will have high resolution and a high signal-to-noise ratio because of its true focusing capabilities and its two X-ray sources. In Phase I POC will assemble a proof-of-concept prototype FOCXI system from X-ray focusing optics available at POC plus commercial off-the-shelf parts. In Phase II a preproduction FOCXI system will be fabricated and tested.

AGILTRON CORP. 15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Dr. Jack Salerno ARMY 05-092 Awarded: 28NOV05
Title:	Nano-Enabled Sampling for SERS-Based Trace Explosive Detection
Abstract:	We propose a new Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering sampling chip and cell design of permeable/porous polymer matrix embedded with multi-layered gold nano-particles. The approach leverages the leading-edge micro-optical component development and manufacture at Agiltron and extensive experience in nano-material engineering within the research group headed by Prof. Vladimire V. Tsukruk at Iowa State University. Our novel sampling chips feature high detection sensitivity, fast data collection, and reproducibility that are not yet attainable. The proposed sampling cell can be designed to be compatible with commercial Raman probe, enabling much higher detection speed and sensitivity than those of the state of the art Raman detection, making portable Raman trace detection of explosives a reality. This proposed Raman system is extraordinarily well suited for trace detection of explosives, and other chemical and biological agents, toxic species, and biological species as well. This Phase I will demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.

SOUTHWEST SCIENCES, INC. 1570 Pacheco Street, Suite E-11 Santa Fe, NM 87505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 984-1322 Dr. Steve Massick ARMY 05-092 Awarded: 22NOV05
Title:	Pulsed Electrospray Ionization Hadamard Transform Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Abstract:	The Phase I research will investigate the use of a piezoelectric pulsed electrospray ionization source (ESI) to implement Hadamard Transform (HT) signal multiplexing of ion mobility (IMS) instruments. The signal multiplexing advantage of the Hadamard transform method offers 50% instrument duty cycles and the pulsed ESI source enables up to 100% sample utilization. The performance improvements will be evaluated for trace explosive vapor analysis.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5268 Dr. Priya Ranjan ARMY 05-093 Awarded: 05NOV05
Title:	Computing a Semantic View of a Scene for Surveillance from Stereo and Discreet LIDAR
Abstract:	We propose an innovative semantic approach to surveillance that combines the relative strengths and weaknesses of the passive 2D (single camera), passive 3D (stereo), and active 3D (LIDAR) sensing technologies to optimize performance. Our technology uses the high accuracy of LIDAR selectively to complement a passive stereo system when the cost in computation, energy consumption, and risk of exposure can be outweighed by a significant improvement in the performance of a system operating in purely passive mode. In this combined mode of operation, the active sensor would be used only infrequently and only in a very small area, permitting a relatively fast scan of the selected area with lower risk of exposure and lower computational burden. We illustrate a scenario where a (passive) stereo vision system and an (active) LIDAR system cooperate to render a semantic view of the activities that occur in a busy street intersection with individual pedestrians and vehicles represented by icons, and labeled with markers that describe their trajectories and activities. To maximize stealth, the LIDAR is only used rarely and on small parts of the scene when a probabilistic analysis shows the benefits of the requested active sensing outweighing the expense and risk of exposure.

INTELLIGENT OPTICAL SYSTEMS, INC. 2520 W. 237th Street Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 530-7130 Dr. Igor Ternovskiy ARMY 05-094 Awarded: 30NOV05
Title:	Parametric Singularity Fusion Algorithm
Abstract:	The Army is seeking the development of an innovative image-based fusion and target detection algorithm that can collate incomplete information from multiple and disparate sensors. Intelligent Optical Systems (IOS) proposes to develop a differential mapping method that is based on a Parametric Singularity Fusion (PSF) algorithm. The PSF technology derives from IOS' proprietary developments in combined image modeling and fusion. The proposed PSF technology will use an optimal nonlinear filtering approach to implement camera position invariant primitives as building blocks in a 3-D modeling and fusion system that will quickly and accurately sense and understand objects and features in a complex environment. In Phase I, IOS will: 1) provide proof of feasibility and develop the PSF algorithm to represent the target images as a photometric polynomial model; 2) initiate development of key 3-D concepts and relationships; and 3) provide the conceptual 3-D topology multi-level fusion and algorithms. In Phase II, IOS will demonstrate verifiable prototype software.

DIGIVISION, INC. 9295 Farnham Street San Diego, CA 92123
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 571-4700 Dr. Rick Hier ARMY 05-095 Selected for Award
Title:	A Single-Chip, Zero-Latency, Deblurring Anisoplanaticism Corrector for Army Video Applications
Abstract:	We propose to develop a single-chip, zero-latency, video processor that (1) stabilizes the image and removes anisoplanaticism effects, (2) simultaneously removes blur caused by higher-order seeing effects and increases resolution by typically 1.5-2 times, (3) uses spatially adaptive smoothing to reduce noise in a single frame by up to 6 times, (4) uses spatially adaptive contrast enhancement to reveal details hidden in glare and shadow, increasing local contrast by up to 8 times, and (5) uses adaptive temporal averaging to increase SNR and separate true motion from seeing caused motion. This project will benefit from past and concurrent projects that have already solved many of the most challenging aspects of building the proposed hardware, and have produced products that our company already sells to perform functions 2, 3, and 4 above. Thus the proposed program is of unusually low risk and benefits from tremendous synergy with past and ongoing projects. Consequently we have great confidence that this project will provide the Army with a nearly complete solution to their need to cut through turbulent seeing, and provide a compact, low-power, "drop-in" video post-processing chip suitable for use in a variety of vision systems.

OPTICAL ALCHEMY, INC. 8 Clock Tower Place, Suite 140 Maynard, MA 01754
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 823-0095 Ms. Jennifer Richardson ARMY 05-096 Selected for Award
Title:	Low Cost, Light Weight IR Optical Materials
Abstract:	Optical Alchemy has invested internal research and development resources to conceive and initially reduce to practice an approach to making moldable infrared optics based on using an engineered composite material. This material may be molded from relatively inexpensive materials with mass production processes such as injection molding and variants thereof. The technology for the optical element comprises a multi-part moldable material in which one part is selected to have a relatively low absorption of radiation in the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Other parts are selected to have a relatively high transmissivity in the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The combination of the parts results in optimized optical performance. An optical element comprised of this composite material can be formed to provide whatever surface contours are needed to achieve the desired optical properties.

SILICON PHOTONICS GROUP 1489 S. Dove St. Gilbert, AZ 85233
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(480) 235-4546 Dr. John Tolle ARMY 05-097 Awarded: 21NOV05
Title:	Large-Area Hybrid Substrates for HgCdTe Infrared Detectors
Abstract:	The HgTe-CdTe system represents an excellent platform for infrared detection applications: its direct band gap E0 spans a 1.9 eV range from -0.3 eV (HgTe) to 1.6 eV (CdTe) and the nearly identical lattice constant between the two binary compounds makes it easy to grow intermediate random Hg1-xCdxTe alloys with continuously tunable optical properties between HgTe and CdTe. Unfortunately, however, HgTe-CdTe (MCT) suffers from very severe shortcomings, including use of high cost substrates and its difficult integration with Si-technology. Here we present a new approach to overcome some of these limitations and achieve direct integration of lattice mismatched HgTe-CdTe semiconductors with Si technologies. Our proposed program focuses on fabrication of lattice engineered virtual substrates and buffer layers based on the newly developed (Si)-Ge1-xSnx alloy system. These materials are grown on silicon substrates with exceptional crystallographic and morphological quality and possess random diamond cubic structures. This work has significant potential because the proposed templates can be fully integrated with silicon and their composition can be varied to cover a wide range of tunable lattice parameters (above that of Ge) and thermal expansions coefficients that approach those of HgCdTe.

STRUCTURED MATERIALS INDUSTRIES 201 Circle Drive North, Unit # 102 Piscataway, NJ 08854
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 302-9274 Dr. Catherine Rice ARMY 05-097 Awarded: 23NOV05
Title:	Large-Area Hybrid Substrates for HgCdTe Infrared Detectors
Abstract:	Mercury Cadmium Telluride, HgCdTe (MCT), is the most important material for modern infrared detectors and imaging arrays for wavelengths of strategic and tactical interest. Current substrates for HgCdTe detector deposition remain limited by high cost and severely limited available areas (CdZnTe bulk crystals), or by unacceptably large defect densities due to large material and thermal mismatch (Si wafers). New MCT substrate materials are desired with large areas (>300 cm2), low cost and good lattice and thermal match to the detector layer. In this SBIR project Structured Materials Industries, Inc. (SMI) proposes to develop a novel hybrid substrate material based on magnesium silicide (Mg2Si) layers on silicon substrates. Mg2Si has a good lattice match to MCT and has been shown in preliminary studies to have favorable thermal properties. In the proposed program SMI, working with a major manufacturer of MCT devices, will demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing Mg2Si/Si as a low cost, high-performance MCT substrate. In Phase I we will grow Mg2Si on silicon, characterize important material properties, and demonstrate single crystal deposition of MCT on the new substrates. Phase II will include optimization of the substrates, growth of MCT diode structures, and evaluation of IR detector performance. Commercial production of large area substrates and MCT devices will take place in Phase III.

DIFFRACTION, LTD. 49 Fiddler's Green Waitsfield, VT 05673
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(802) 496-6640 Mr. Bob Kogut ARMY 05-098 Awarded: 30NOV05
Title:	Multiplex Wide Field Optics (MWFO)
Abstract:	Recent studies have demonstrated that user error can be reduced when using night vision goggle if the user's field of view and resolution is increased. Efforts to provide a wide viewing field with traditional approaches have led to complex and expensive wide angle or multiple lens/tube designs making them impractical for field applications. There is a need for an approach which can provide an alternative solution to the problem. Diffraction LTD proposes an innovative approach which will use Liquid Crystal Switches (LCS) to achieve a wide angle single lens and tube night vision goggle. The proposed approach will time multiplex three views through a single imaging lens and intensifier tube. This will be achieved by using an innovative electronically addressable broad band non-polarized splitter which will be placed in front of the primary imaging lens directing three images from different viewpoints in a time sequence (on axis) through a single lens and intensifier tube. The images are sent (one at a time) through the lens and tube and re-assembled to the appropriate position to the eyepiece at a high repetition rate providing a multiplexed wide field image to the user.

GRADIENT LENS CORP. 207 Tremont Street Rochester, NY 14608
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 235-2620 Dr. Douglas S. Kindred ARMY 05-098 Awarded: 30NOV05
Title:	80-Degree Night Vision Goggle
Abstract:	GLC will perform a systematic study of the use of GRIN lenses in wide field of view night vision goggles. Gradient index optical materials have been shown to reduce the number of optical elements and the size and weight of the entire optical system for rifle scopes, camera objective lenses, binoculars and microscope objectives. Gradient index optical materials can provide power within a lens element and aberration correction similar to an aspheric surface. In addition, there is control of chromatic correction which cannot be achieved using aspheric elements. Non-rotationally symmetric and/or tapered gradients provide other unique properties which will be examined for the wide angle objective and eyepiece.

EPIR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 590 Territorial Drive, Suite B Bolingbrook, IL 60440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(630) 771-0203 Dr. Paul Boieriu ARMY 05-099 Awarded: 08DEC05
Title:	Development of Low Stress Ohmic Contacts to HgCdTe
Abstract:	The problem to be solved in the proposed work is that the deposition of the usual In and Au metal contacts on HgCdTe-based IR detectors creates additional stress in the HgCdTe immediately below the contacts, This stress has been observed to getter threading dislocations, which, in turn, creates misfit dislocation segments just below the detector surface and parallel to the surface, in the active area under and close to the contacts. The dangling bonds across these dislocations enhance random generation-recombination processes, thereby reducing quantum efficiencies and detectivities. Because of their location, these misfit dislocations act as especially efficient trapping and recombination centers and strongly degrade detector performance, especially in the long wavelength and very long wavelength ranges. They degrade the zero-bias impedance (R0A) and increase the dark current. The dangling bonds across these dislocations enhance random generation-recombination processes, thereby reducing quantum efficiencies and detectivities. We propose to eliminate or greatly reduce this gettering of threading dislocations and the resultant formation of misfit dislocations by contact deposition on HgCdTe long wavelength infrared (LWIR) detectors.

PHOTRONIX 40 Amherst Avenue Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 899-6924 Dr. Phil Lamarre ARMY 05-099 Selected for Award
Title:	Development of Low Stress Ohmic Contacts to HgCdTe
Abstract:	We will manufacture novel ohmic contacts and measure the stress in the ohmic contacts by several methods. We will thermally cycle the ohmic contacts and look for nucleated dislocations as a measure of induced stress. In addition we will evaluate an approach of using a new spectroscopy technique for measuring stress in semiconductors. We will also coordinate our work with Enrico Bellotti from Boston University who is an expert at computer modeling of physical phenomena. He will model the strain field in the crystal and will make predictions of how the strain field will interact and affect the electrical properties. We will use CTLMs to measure IVs. We will measure the ohmics at room temperature and at cryogenic temperatures. We will perform thermal cycling of the ohmic contacts to see how the ohmics behave under thermal stress. We will bump-bond the CTLM patterns to a fan-out board and make measurements in a standard dewar at cryogenic temperatures. Supporting Photronix in this effort is BAE SYSTEMS. BAE SYSTEMS has agreed to donate longwave LPE infrared double layer material as well as full use of its extensive infrared processing facility.

ARETE ASSOC. P.O. Box 6024 Sherman Oaks, CA 91413
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 571-8660 Dr. James T. Murray ARMY 05-100 Awarded: 30NOV05
Title:	Compact, Short-Pulse, SWIR Laser (1.5 micron) for Two- and Three-Dimensional Flash Imaging Sensor
Abstract:	A key near-term objective of the Mission Equipment Packages (MEP) for Class II Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) program is to develop ultra-compact eyesafe 3D ladar and active 2D sensors for deployment on organic unmanned aerial vehicles. This will enable beyond-line-of-sight reconnaissance, surveillance, and target acquisition (RSTA) in areas shadowed by terrain features. New affordable solid state eyesafe (1.5 micron) lasers capable of generating the specified energy (20 mJ), pulse width (1-2 ns), pulse repetition frequency (50Hz), and package size (< 50 cubic inches) are required for these sensors. Lasers capable of meeting all of these requirements in a robust and reliable compact package do not currently exist. Traditional military laser packages rely on a stiff optical bench to provide the mechanical stability necessary to maintain laser cavity alignment in harsh environmental conditions. This strategy lacks modularity and is difficult to scale due to restrictions arising from conflicts between the optical layout, thermal and mechanical interfaces, and support electronics. Aret� Associates' laser systems group has developed an innovative packaging strategy that circumvents these difficulties. Aret� Associates proposes a new and innovative short-pulse eyesafe laser configuration based on our proprietary packaging approach that will meet the MEP laser objectives.

EPITAXIAL TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 1450 South Rolling Road Baltimore, MD 21227
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 455-5830 Dr. Ayub Fathimulla ARMY 05-101 Selected for Award
Title:	Low cost photoreceiver for high range resolution range finder
Abstract:	The goal of this Phase I SBIR project is to develop and optimize a nanowatt range finder photoreceiver incorporating a novel 1.54-um monolithically integrated, optically preamplified photoreceiver, capable of 90% probability of detection at pulse-widths as small as 2 nsec. In Phase I, we will perform initial photoreceiver development and determine the best photoreceiver architecture to achieve the best sensitivity. We will also initiate the design of the photoreceiver and establish its feasibility by showing that it will be capable of 1.2 nW sensitivity with 90% probability of detection at 2 nsec pulse-lengths. In an array configuration, the photoreceiver will also be capable of simultaneously measuring distances in different directions without any moving parts for 3-D mapping. During Phase II we will design, fabricate and test monolithic receivers using either optically preamplified PINs or APDs integrated with TIAs, OOK circuits and discriminators to generate digital readouts at 500 MHz bandwidth. At the end of the Phase II, we will demonstrate optically preamplified ultra-sensitive photoreceivers operating at room temperatures and 1540 nm wavelength, having detection probability of 90% for single and multiple 2 nsec pulsewidth signals.

MODUS OPERANDI, INC. 122 Fourth Avenue Indialantic, FL 32903
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 984-3370 Mr. Tod Hagan ARMY 05-102 Awarded: 22NOV05
Title:	Tools for Rapid Deployment of Net-Centric Intelligence and Electronic Warfare Capabilities
Abstract:	Rapid deployment of net-centric data integration capabilities requires a fundamental shift from traditional system-of-systems approaches to Service Oriented Architectures (SOA). Modus Operandi proposes an innovative refactoring strategy and set of tools to jump start the transition to SOA, named Keystone. With Keystone methods and tools, sustainment efforts for legacy Army Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) systems can reap the benefits of SOA while accelerating readiness for integration into the Distributed Common Ground System (DGCS) backbone. With Keystone tools, a systems engineer will be able to reverse engineer a legacy system Application Programming Interface (API), i.e. the interfaces of the legacy system components, and then rapidly construct service wrappers. More sophisticated services may then be composed from base services as well as legacy API calls. Thus the legacy system can transition to a more service-oriented architecture in an evolutionary manner without wholesale reengineering.

LUMIDIGM, INC. 800 Bradbury SE, Suite 213 Albuquerque, NM 87106
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 272-7406 Dr. Rob Rowe ARMY 05-103 Selected for Award
Title:	Soldier-Borne Biometric Authentication System
Abstract:	For the past four years, Lumidigm has focused development efforts on multispectral skin analysis and multispectral fingerprint imaging in an effort to build robust, convenient, and reliable biometric sensors. This work has been funded by private investors, government intelligence agencies (CIA & NSA), the Department of Justice, the Department of Defense (currently a Fast-Track Phase II through the United States Air Force focused on "live-ness" detection), as well as numerous corporate partners. These efforts have culminated in a fingerprint sensor, with Lumidigm's anti-spoofing and image enhancement engine inside, that will be released into the AFIS-quality market by a corporate partner during the 4th quarter, 2005. Based upon this foundation, Lumidigm is proposing to produce a feasible design for a soldier-borne continuous biometric authentication system. This design would include a clear prototype development approach to incorporating a power supply, a versatile wireless (or acceptable alternative) communication platform, and a continuous biometric monitoring sensor with "live-ness" detection capability into a small, robust, ergonomic, field-wearable package. For economic practicality, the units will be built from a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) system utilizing Lumidigm's proven multispectral imaging platform.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Mr. Jonathan Graf ARMY 05-103 Selected for Award
Title:	Sub-Vocal Biometric Authentication System
Abstract:	Luna Innovations proposes to develop a method of determining a user's identity through a sub-vocal electromyogram-based biometric. Luna's method will emphasize ergonomics, enabling the dismounted warfighter to authenticate to the device without manual intervention. Minimum effort, discomfort, and distraction will be required of the warfighter, while maintaining the highest levels of security. The effectiveness of this biometric will be mathematically and experimentally established as a high-assurance means of preventing unauthorized users, such as Opposing Forces, from accessing the device. The focus of Luna's research will be on reducing false positives and false negatives to levels acceptable for deployed utilization. A "liveness" test will be an integral part of this biometric. The method will be evaluated for use with various kinds of protective gear to ensure its accuracy when the warfighter is wearing nuclear-, biological-, chemical-, or fire-protective equipment. The components, devices, and methods needed to implement this biometric as part of a soldier-borne authentication architecture will be determined.

ULTRA-SCAN CORP. 4240 Ridge Lea Rd Amherst, NY 14226
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(716) 832-6269 Dr. John Schneider ARMY 05-103 Selected for Award
Title:	Soldier-Borne Biometric Authentication System
Abstract:	This project focuses on the development of a soldier-borne biometric authentication system that facilitates sensing through ultra low cost instrumentation. The new technology will result in a disposable, physically small, low power, highly accurate and rugged "biometric assurance" sensor capable of deployment for the Army's Future Force Warrior. It will enable persistent authentication of the soldier's identity to the soldier-borne computer system, without requiring the soldier to perform unique actions outside of normal mission requirements. Real-time continuous liveness testing and operation regardless of whether the soldier is equipped with nuclear, biological, or chemical protective equipment will be part of the basic operational requirements for the system. Combining this low cost biometric technology and "enabling" it through the use of a highly accurate biometric measurement already developed by the United States Army, will result in a multimodal system with significant reductions to false match and false non-match occurrences. Laboratory experimentation associated with methods of persistent authentication and liveness testing will be conducted, along with the development of the necessary system architecture on how this technology should be integrated to prevent attacks or breaches of security to a node on the tactical Future Force network.

ALLCOMP, INC. 209 Puente Ave. City of Industry, CA 91746
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 369-1273 Mr. Wei Shih ARMY 05-104 Selected for Award
Title:	Advanced Thermal Solutions for High Power Tactical Radios
Abstract:	Allcomp proposes to develop innovative thermal solutions based on advanced carbon-based material and composite technologies that have broad-based appeal in solving a number of thermal management applications in high power and small form factor tactical radios. Comparing to metallic options, high conductivity carbon-based materials and composites are light providing passive and reliable solutions to thermal problems in microelectronics. Advances in power management are needed to offset increases in transmitted power, anticipated in future needs of the Army's Joint Tactical Radio System. Anticipated heat rejection on the order of 240W for short periods, from a confined space that possibly will lack a source of convective cooling is expected. Allcomp's approach is to apply our recent experiences in cooling high heat flux components using highly conductive carbon-based materials and composites and in direct coupling of energy storage-phase change materials to the heat source to handle power transients. This approach offers the potential to be a very lightweight, highly reliable, yet affordable concept. The proposed study will cover small and large tactical radios, land base and aircraft installation, where vibration is an issue. In remote heat sinking situations, Allcomp will also leverage our experience in high temperature radiator using heat pipes and loop-heat pipes technology for transporting heat.

METAL MATRIX CAST COMPOSITES, LLC (DBA MMCC, LLC) 101 Clematis Avenue, Unit #1 Waltham, MA 02453
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 893-4449 Dr. Yuejian Chen ARMY 05-104 Selected for Award
Title:	Thermal Pyrolytic Graphite (TPG) Embedded Copper Graphite Composite Heat Sink for High Power or Small Form Factor (SFF) Tactical Radios
Abstract:	A manufacturing technique is developed to strategically embed thermal pyrolytic graphite (TPG) insert into copper graphite composite. TPG will then be located in the critical thermal path of the power amplifier heat sink so that heat can be conducted from its edge into the radio chassis. The enhancement of thermal performance by TPG insertion allows applications where advanced wide band gap semiconductors, such as GaN and SiC, are mixing with other low temperature components. At an average heat flux of 100 W/cm2, which is assumed at the die level for SiC devices, the temperature difference along the thermal path of 1.5" long, in the case of copper graphite composite, from module mounting surface to cooling fins was estimated as only 8 �C, using a simplified one-dimensional heat transfer method. This temperature drop is adequate for total thermal management of SiC devices whose junction temperature can be as high as 300 �C.

HITTITE MICROWAVE CORP. 20 Alpha Road Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-3343 Mr. Mitchell Shifrin ARMY 05-105 Selected for Award
Title:	Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) Cluster 5 Power Amplifier
Abstract:	The solicitation details the need for a wideband, efficient, compact, thermally robust power amplifier (PA). The PA operates over the frequency range from 2-2800 MHz with a gain of 31 dB, output power of 38 dBm and 60 dB of power control. Hittite, a fabless semiconductor company, has over 20 years of experience providing state-of-the-art MMICs to both military and commercial applications with over 90 MMIC amplifiers offered in its catalog. Herein Hittite proposes both innovative technology and circuit techniques to address this amplifier specification. Possible device technologies include; LDMOS, field plate devices in PHEMT, MESFET, SiC and GaN, and high voltage HBT. A detailed analysis of important device characteristics and their impact on PA performance are reviewed. By far the most important parameter is operating voltage as this reduces matching network transformation requirements thus enabling multi decade PA design. A series combing circuit technique is also presented that enables the use of low voltage processes for high voltage amplifiers. The output stage of the PA drives the performance and two approaches for that stage are described and simulated including both a distributed and lossy match approach. During the Phase II program the PA MMIC/module will be implemented.

MAYFLOWER COMMUNICATIONS CO., INC. 20 Burlington Mall Road Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 359-9500 Dr. Triveni Upadhyay ARMY 05-106 Selected for Award
Title:	MIMO for Energy-Aware Distributed Mobile Wireless Systems (MEADoWS) for JTRS Cluster 5
Abstract:	Mayflower's MEADoWS (MIMO for Energy-Aware Distributed Mobile Wireless Systems) proposal aspires to design and build an energy-efficient MIMO-based radio. The MEADoWS program builds on Mayflower's proven technology in MIMO antenna signal processing. The Army's Future Combat System (FCS) and Future Force Warrior (FFW) programs are focusing on the soldier requirements. The soldier's requirements in future wireless mobile communication systems are very demanding on Size, Weight, and Power (SWAP); the power (energy) is the most critical of the three. The proposed MEADoWS system innovations directly address this critical need for power reduction in soldiers' radio by means of smart antenna enhancements and a cognitive MAC layer. MEADoWS targets the leading sources of energy consumption; research effort in MEADoWS will be aligned with opportunity: topics with the most energy saving potential will garner the most attention. The Phase I feasibility study will demonstrate that MEADoWS meets the Army objectives of energy-efficiency, spectral-efficiency, and applicability to JTRS Cluster 5. In the Phase II program, we will build a prototype MEADoWS and demonstrate its functionality in a test bed, with multiple MEADoWS units participating in the demonstration.

TOYON RESEARCH CORP. Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Dr. Richard E. Cagley ARMY 05-106 Selected for Award
Title:	Micro-MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) Radio Technology
Abstract:	When low-cost wireless nodes are combined with novel communication and application layers as well as sensing hardware, the resulting wireless sensor network (WSN) can provide a degree of fidelity for data collection and control not previously possible. For this reason, WSNs can be found in a tremendous range of applications from environmental monitoring to security and surveillance as well as building control and manufacturing automation. At the same time, sensor nodes must function under severe constraints, particularly in terms of power consumption. Seeking to provide further reductions in power consumption per transmitted bit, research has shown that multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology can provide an increase in spectral efficiency for a given amount of power consumed. Looking towards the practical development of such a system, we propose technical solutions for each system element. These include selection of the multiple-antenna coding method, physical layer waveform, low-power medium access control (MAC), and novel small-footprint antenna designs. In particular, these technologies are addressed in the context of power consumption per hardware element that would be used for practical implementation. For this effort, Toyon has teamed with Professor Ronald Iltis from the University of California, Santa Barbara.

AGILE MATERIALS & TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 93 Castilian Drive Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-5159 Mr. Roger Forse ARMY 05-107 Selected for Award
Title:	Reduced Size Weight and Power Consumption for SATCOM Antennas
Abstract:	Agile has successfully demonstrated the ability to design and manufacture high performance, voltage controllable analog phase shifters for use in phased array antennas using the ferroelectric material, Barium Strontium Titanate (BST). Agile has also performed pioneering work in the design of phased array monolithic antennas manufactured on a single substrate. This work was performed for a commercial application, automotive anti-collision radar conformally mounted on the bumpers, but is ideally suited for the manufacture of cost-effective and scalable conformal antennas. Agile is proposing to develop 2-D electronically scanned antennas on a single wafer containing the phase shifters, feed network and antenna radiating elements utilizing our BST technology and industry standard semiconductor manufacturing techniques. Our current substrate is 4" in diameter and less than 500 microns thick. These integrated antennas can be manufactured at a low cost. Phase I will focus on a Ku band antenna. The Phase I proposal will focus on extending our work from the automotive radar effort and performing high fidelity EM simulations and produce a mask design for a 2-D monolithic scanning antenna and include provisions for active elements. Phase II will involve the actual manufacture of the antenna designed in Phase I.

EMAG TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1340 Eisenhower Place Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 973-6600 Dr. Alex Margomenos ARMY 05-107 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Reduced Size Weight and Power Consumption for SATCOM Antennas
Abstract:	Emerging military and commercial communications systems are placing a high premium on low-cost, small, light-weight RF components, while at the same time increasing demands for higher functionality. To maximize data transfer, reduce size and minimize operation cost, communications front ends are forced to move to higher frequencies. This trend necessitates the utilization of high performance, low cost phased array antennas with reduced size, weight and power consumption (SWaP). In response to the above need, EMAG Technologies Inc., in collaboration with Purdue University, proposes to develop a Ka band wafer-scale phased array based on revolutionary concepts in packaging and three-dimensional integration. The amplifiers and wireless MEMS phase shifters will be fabricated on a single Si wafer along with the distribution network of the array. A separate wafer will carry the patch antennas, which will be backed by air-cavities for higher efficiency and gain. A third wafer will be used for packaging the MEMS phase shifters, mounting all the necessary digital circuitry for control, and providing input and output ports to the array. During this effort EMAG Technologies and Purdue will focus their effort on a novel wafer-scale phased array, a wafer-scale cooling system, and MEMS varactor-based phased shifters for providing beam steering capabilities.

HYPRES., INC. 175 Clearbrook Road Elmsford, NY 10523
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(914) 592-1190 Dr. Oleg Mukhanov ARMY 05-107 Awarded: 30NOV05
Title:	Reduced Size Weight and Power Consumption for SATCOM Antennas
Abstract:	HYPRES is pleased to propose the development of a low cost and ultra-high performance compact antenna integrated with digital receiver. We propose to achieve higher signal to noise ratios in the order of greater than 20dB via enhanced G/T. It will be done by combining superconducting quantum interference filter (SQIF) antenna and Digital-RF receiver electronics. During Phase I project, novel circuit architecture will be developed that assures the near-term demonstration of aggressive performance specifications using available superconducting electronics technology. This project complements and leverages other HYPRES development projects for DoD involving digital receivers, as well as cryogenic integration demonstration projects.

HYPRES., INC. 175 Clearbrook Road Elmsford, NY 10523
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(914) 592-1190 Dr. Deepnarayan Gupta ARMY 05-108 Selected for Award
Title:	High-speed Digital Filters for Multi-Band Digital-RF Channelizing Receivers
Abstract:	HYPRES proposes to develop an ultrafast third-order digital decimation filter for integration with second-order bandpass delta-sigma analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) that convert radio frequency (RF) signals directly to digital. The proposed filter represents a unique class of RF digital signal processors, which enable the software reconfigurable digital-RF transceiver architecture. The digital-RF transceiver permits the replacement of multiple analog mixers, filters, routers, and amplifiers with lower-noise, less expensive, and programmable digital counterparts. The proposed effort to build a higher order cascaded integrator comb (CIC) filter will allow us to fully exploit the noise-shaping properties of delta-sigma ADCs. We propose to double the complexity of RSFQ digital circuitry, which presents considerable challenge for both integrated circuit design and fabrication and will test the capabilities of our newly upgraded commercial foundry. We will investigate serial biasing of a chain of identical circuit blocks to reduce the total bias current and prevent deleterious effects of induced local magnetic fields. In Phase I, we will design filters in both first and second-generation fabrication processes, corresponding to clock speeds of 20 GHz and 40 GHz respectively. The full implementation and integration with ADC modulators will be performed in Phase II, starting with the Phase I option.

NATIVE6, INC. 811 First Ave , Suite 626 Seattle, WA 98104
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(206) 682-0275 Mr. John Spence, CISSP, CCNA ARMY 05-109 Selected for Award
Title:	IPv4-IPv6 Transition and Interoperability Using Available Transition Mechanisms
Abstract:	Army personnel need their tactical devices to work reliably in any deployment, whether IPv4 or IPv6-based devices, and whether fielded in an IPv4 or IPv6-dominant network. In addition, some of these devices use embedded systems, where it is impractical to "dual-stack" the applications or the node itself. This project will prototype a device that providesIPv4 and/or IPv6 connectivity to single or multiple devices, regardless of the upstream IP-protocol version. Nodes and applications that are capable of using either IPv4 or IPv6 (dual-stack) will be able to obtain network transport for both protocols. The project will deliver a testbed/prototype using a combination of FBCB2, Appliqu� platform, SINCGARS, and commercial equipment (or other equipment as directed by the Army). Specifically, the project will: (1) Prototype deployment of an "outboard black-box" that delivers IPv4 capability to IPv4-only applications and devices across an IPv6-dominant network environment (DSTM), and IPv6 or dual-stack support to newer applications and devices across a mixed or IPv4-dominent network. (2) Test the ability for a set of IPv4 and IPv6 nodes to use the services of a single "tunnel concentrator" to obtain the IP-protocol (or both for dual-stack nodes) version needed for operation. (3) Evaluate the effort required and functional impact of providing dual-stack support and selected transition mechanism directly on Army end-node devices.

TOYON RESEARCH CORP. Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Mr. David B. Clark ARMY 05-110 Selected for Award
Title:	Parasitically Controlled, Frequency Agile, Endfire Phased Array
Abstract:	Toyon Research Corporation has developed and patented reconfigurable antenna technology that represents a significant improvement upon traditional antennas. Toyon's approach is to use parasitic control devices to adjust the gain, frequency response, radar cross section (RCS), or polarization of an antenna element. Toyon proposes to use this technique to design and prototype a frequency-agile antenna array capable of scanning over an extremely broad range of angles. Toyon will partner with Agile Materials and Technologies, of Goleta, CA, inventors of small, low-power, ferroelectric devices. Toyon will use these devices to control the electrical properties of individual elements of an antenna array, enabling frequency agility, enhanced gain, and improved scan range in the phased array. Toyon's partnership with Agile will enable us to fully integrate the antenna systems with the control devices throughout the Phase I and Phase II contracts. Toyon intends to prototype, test, and evaluate a prototype of an electronically controlled antenna element during Phase I.

DATATEK APPLICATIONS, INC. 379 Campus Drive, Suite 100 Somerset, NJ 08873
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 667-1080 Mr. Alan Stultz ARMY 05-111 Selected for Award
Title:	Mobile IPv6 in a Low Bandwidth Tactical Environment.
Abstract:	The purpose of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasiblity of innovative extentions to the use of Mobile IPv6 to allow US Army legacy tactical devices to interoperate in the new IPv6 mobile networks being deployed. The Army is planning the migration of its core network to Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) over the next several years as part of its Global Information Grid (GIG) expansion. The Army has many legacy tactical IPv4-based mobile devices, such as radios, data and navigation units, etc. that may never be replaced or updated for many years or may be cost-prohibitive to do so. These IPv4-based tactical devices are not interoperable with the IPv6-based GIG. Our company, Datatek Applications, is developing an experimental IPv4-IPv6 Translator that shows promise in solving this interoperability problem facing the Army and DoD. Mobility is of paramount importance to the DoD. We plan on continuing to develop our Translator for use in Army Net Centric Warfare Command and Control (C2) Systems to rapidly convert these IPv4 legacy devices to Mobile IPv6 nodes with all the benefits that IPv6 brings to the mobile warfighter.

JEM ENGINEERING, LLC 8683 Cherry Lane Laurel, MD 20707
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 587-5477 Dr. Derek Linden ARMY 05-112 Selected for Award
Title:	Ballistic Radomes for SATCOM Antennas
Abstract:	Radomes mounted on tactical combat vehicles, such as the HMMWV, Stryker, and On-The-Move Future Combat Systems (FCS) platforms, must be designed to withstand ballistic impacts in the field. Current radome designs are not capable of providing ballistic protection to antenna systems, which can lead to loss of communication for the vehicle when under fire. The proposed program will develop antenna radomes that demonstrate both RF performance and ballistic protection capability for SATCOM applications. The proposed radome designs will incorporate materials with high levels of energy absorption under ballistic impact in constructions that meet the performance requirements, which are to minimize distortion of the antenna pattern at frequencies between 20 and 45.5 GHz while being as light as possible and providing sufficient ballistic protection. Simulation tools will be used to model the RF performance for a given radome construction, state-of-the-art optimization tools will be used to enhance performance, and material tests on small samples of ballistic material will be used to downselect and optimize the radome design. Selected radome designs will be fabricated for RF testing and subsequent ballistic testing in the Option phase.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5275 Dr. Hongjun (Jason) Li ARMY 05-113 Selected for Award
Title:	An Integrated Architecture for Seamless Soft Handoff in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Abstract:	We present an integrated architecture for seamless soft handoff in mobile ad hoc networks, where various managers residing on multiple layers are proposed to handle handoff issues in a cross-layer and cooperative manner. At the link adaptation layer, the virtual interface provides link transparency to the upper layers and session management is handled at the interface manager. The device and system monitor reports information about the wireless interfaces, and the policy manager incorporates various aspects of factors for comparing interfaces. The handoff is optimized to execute policy-based decisions to keep network traffic delay and traffic congestion to a minimum. At the network layer, essentially most IP-based ad hoc routing protocols can be accommodated, and the architecture can naturally host QoS protocols, like Differentiated Services with admission control. In particular, we present our hybrid Mobile Agent Routing (MAR) protocol that possesses such desirable behaviors and supports various traffic types. At the transport layer, the transport manager is instructed by the interface manager to adapt the transmission rate according to the new wireless link. Finally at the application layer, the security manager handles various aspects of security concerns, including defense against man-in-the-middle attacks.

SAN DIEGO RESEARCH CENTER, INC. 6885 Flanders Drive, Suite A San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 623-9424 Dr. Bo Ryu ARMY 05-113 Awarded: 28NOV05
Title:	Seamless soft handoff protocols
Abstract:	Service reliability is a key performance indicator for a Future Force battlefield network. In a mobile wireless ad-hoc network in support of the Future Force, frequent node movement combined with volatile RF environment often results in fluctuation in link quality and hence frequent network topology change. This can severely hamper reliable data transmission. Most existing techniques proposed in the literature on soft handoff are for commercial cellular network, and mostly for voice applications. Ad hoc networking does not have a fixed infrastructure and hence handoff protocols should not depend on fixed centralized controllers. To the best of our knowledge, there is no existing research or implementation of seamless soft handoff for mobile ad hoc networks or Future Force Networks. Therefore, San Diego Research Center (SDRC) and Telcordia Technologies, both with a proven ARMY-funded research track record, propose to develop a coordinated, seamless multi-layer soft handoff protocol suite for mobile ad hoc networks. We believe the solution proposed here, which utilizes a proactive "make before break" approach to send information over multiple paths combining with efficient coding techniques, can significantly improve service reliability and user perceived QoS, and in the meanwhile, achieve optimal network resource utilization through cross-layer interactions.

PPMA, LLC 1333 Woodgate Drive Carmel, IN 46033
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(317) 566-8969 Dr. Chaman Lall ARMY 05-114 Awarded: 16NOV05
Title:	New Technology, Non-Lubricant Bearings
Abstract:	PPMA, LLC proposes development of a unique, innovative, high speed bearing that is lubrication-free and requires no maintenance. It will rely on a lubricious material capable of operating at low component loads at high speed. We propose developing this high speed material for application at operating conditions and requirements of Tactical Vehicle steering drivelines and components, e.g. universal joints, knuckles, ball joints, tie rod ends, control arm bushings, etc. We developed an innovative universal joint bearing cup employing a patented surface design technology ("GC"-Geometrically contoured), which will be interactively integrated with the new material as a tribological system. The universal joint was proven on the HMMWV in field tests for which it received the Army 1995 Quality Award and was acclaimed at the 2004 NATO RTE Conference. A lubricious material, with superior surface characteristics, without coatings, was concurrently developed. Its development has been privately continued. This material will be the starting basis for Phase I. Bench tests will demonstrate its performance while providing data applicable to the components selected by TARDEC for operational evaluation in Phase II.

QED SERVICES, INC. 5137 Pontiac Trail, Suite A Ann Arbor, MI 48105
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 669-6132 Mr. Dennis McNeely ARMY 05-115 Selected for Award
Title:	Army Ground Vehicle Roll-Over Elimination and Stability Improvements
Abstract:	The ability to safely deploy tactical vehicles is central to the Objective Force, and a capable suspension system is critical to enhancing the troops' safety while minimizing fatigue and damage otherwise incurred while traversing rough terrain at high speed. QED Services, Inc. and its associates propose to adapt fluid spring suspension technology to address these issues. This suspension technology can be adapted to a wide variety of platforms from wheeled to tracked vehicles, providing benefits immediately for the Legacy Fleet and a development platform for Interim and Future Forces.

SOUTH BAY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CORP. 7525 W. 81st St., Playa del Rey, CA 90293
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 378-4961 Dr. David Cohn ARMY 05-116 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Wide Spectrum Transmitter For A Combined Standoff Chem-Bio Sensor
Abstract:	It is proposed to analyze and trade off alternative laser technologies for development of an integrated transmitter capable of emission in the UV for bio detection and 3-5 m and 8-12 m bands for chemical detection. Novel conceptual sensor designs for a variety of deployments will be developed as an aid in prescribing laser performance. Important laser and sensor component development will be identified and new solutions will be proposed to be carried out in the Phase II program.

NANOCOMPOSIX, INC. 4336 Proctor Pl. San Diego, CA 92116
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(619) 890-0704 Dr. Steven Oldenburg ARMY 05-117 Awarded: 17NOV05
Title:	Anisotropic Obscurant Packaging
Abstract:	Anisotropic, electrically conductive fibers and flakes have large extinction coefficients in the mid and far infrared regions of the spectrum, and have utility as constituents of high performance military obscurants. However, the high aspect ratio and small minor dimension size of the particles (100 nanometers or less) presents challenges for the packaging and dissemination of the particles. A dynamic self assembly process is proposed that will align the nanoparticles to produce high density configurations that can be efficiently aerosolized.

EIGENT TECHNOLOGIES 10 Cindy Lane Holmdel, NJ 07733
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 673-0402 Mr. Douglas Clark ARMY 05-118 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Data Rich Active Transponder Development
Abstract:	RFID tags and a wireless infrastructure for tag communication has become a key technology for providing In-Transit Visibility of the DOD logistics pipeline, and is critical technology for providing effective logistical support to DOD forces in operational theaters. This technology consists of battery powered data rich (128k) RFID tags operating at unlicensed short range (300-600 feet) commercial frequencies and a supporting infrastructure of interrogating antennas and handheld readers at hundreds of logistic nodes worldwide. The Assistant Secretary of Defense, Networks and Information Integration (ASD NII) has stated an intent to require encryption between RFID tags and reader/interrogators and possible requirements for data stored on the RFID tags to be encrypted. This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I research project will address key technical challenges of securing the data in active tags, including physical security of the tag itself which could be compromised if acquired by adversaries. In Phase I, proof-of-concept of the secure data rich tag will be demonstrated using standard COTS (Commercial Off The Shelf) components to exhibit the security potential of the concept.

WILLIAMS-PYRO, INC. 200 Greenleaf St. Fort Worth, TX 76107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(817) 872-1500 Mr. Jeff Tooley ARMY 05-118 Awarded: 10NOV05
Title:	Data Rich Active Transponder Development
Abstract:	Williams-Pyro, Inc. (WPI) proposes developing the AccuTagTM Multi-Encrypted Active RFID System (Accu-MEARS). To enable RFID encryption in widely varying applications, Accu-MEARS will include a robust, low-powered, and secure architecture flexible enough to support various encryption schemes. Reconfiguring the Accu-MEARS encryption scheme will allow power consumption to be tailored to the security and data requirements of each application. Additionally, supporting multiple encryption algorithms such as RSA, DSA, and DES will simplify future integration with RFID tags and readers that support the same encryption algorithms. Phase I work will focus on analyzing the encryption algorithms approved for the FIPS-140-2 security standard and understanding the impact of each algorithm on the requirements for the RFID system. Although we propose to design and develop custom active RFID readers and tags for Accu-MEARS, we will also investigate the feasibility of retrofitting the existing Army active RFID network with our proposed encryption algorithms and network. After selecting the most promising candidate encryption algorithms, we will simulate and calculate the performance of Accu-MEARS versus the performance of the Army's existing active RFID network. This work sets the stage for Phase II, in which we will develop a prototype of Accu-MEARS using the selected encryption schemes.

MILBERT ENGINEERING, INC. 1835 Energy Park Drive Saint Paul, MN 55108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(651) 659-6762 Mr. Randy L. Milbert ARMY 05-119 Selected for Award
Title:	Geographically-Enabled Augmented Reality System for Dismounted Soldiers
Abstract:	To maintain situational awareness during combat operations, dismounted soldiers require access to updated battlefield information. Currently, the United States Army's Land Warrior soldier system provides this information via an opaque monocular display that presents a two-dimensional moving map and battlefield messages. By placing this display over an eye, however, a soldier sacrifices his or her binocular vision, depth perception, and peripheral vision. In addition, the soldier must dedicate intellectual resources to mentally translating a two-dimensional overhead map to his or her three-dimensional surroundings. Primordial and ITT propose jointly solving these problems by designing a wearable augmented reality (AR) system that overlays visual cues derived from a Geospatial Information System (GIS) on the soldier's view of the battlefield. Our approach leverages the existing Primordial Soldier 1.4 platform that is slated for inclusion in the upcoming Future Force Warrior (FFW) Early User Evaluation (EUE) at Fort Benning. In addition, we will build on ITT's experiences in developing the $5 million Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Battlefield Augmented Reality System (BARS). We will begin by extending Primordial Soldier 1.4 to support efficient three-dimensional augmented reality rendering on a handheld. Specifically, we will develop an efficient spatial database and a real-time graphics engine. We will then evaluate existing augmented reality labeling techniques and modify them for a platform with limited processing power and memory. In addition, we will perform fightability assessments to determine the optimal design and configuration of visual cues for the warfighter. Whenever possible, we will use commercial off the shelf (COTS) hardware to support processing, tracking, and interaction.

SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING CORP.(SPEC) 101 West Sixth Street, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 479-7732 Mr. Brad Sallee ARMY 05-120 Awarded: 04NOV05
Title:	Terrain Mapping LADAR (TML)
Abstract:	The use of a miniature wide angle, video scan rate, LADAR in combination with an intuitive software display will allow vehicle operators to assess rough terrain for crossing. The Terrain Mapping LADAR (TML) is a compact LADAR unit that can be easily mounted on a vehicle or mast attached to a vehicle offering very low power draw, operation in dense foliage, and all weather operation including in all lighting conditions, bright sunshine, night time, rain, dust, and heavy fog, and is Class I eye-safe. The sensor data contains the range and local reflectivity for multiple objects in range, limiting the computational load for the image processor, but preserving the ability to see through dense foliage. The output of the image processor will be displayed on a color display with a rotatable 3D wire-frame, intuitively displaying the profile and dimensions, and a draped color contour map, displaying the local grade (slope) of the terrain so easy, quantitative, crossing decisions can be made.

VISUAL LEARNING SYSTEMS, INC. P.O. Box 8226 Missoula, MT 59807
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(406) 829-1384 Mr. Stuart Blundell ARMY 05-121 Selected for Award
Title:	Automatic Extraction of Urban Features from Terrestrial LIDAR Systems
Abstract:	The U.S. Army requires automated feature extraction (AFE) software for collecting very high-resolution 3D urban features from terrestrial LIDAR data to support the ground-based Warfighter operating in the urban battlespace. Advanced vehicle-mounted and man-portable terrestrial Light Imaging and Range Detection (LIDAR) systems capture accurate 3D measurements of the urban environment with spatial resolutions on the order of 5 centimeters or less [Blais, 2004]. The 3D imaging capability of these systems is negated, however, by a lack of commercial software tools capable of exploiting terrestrial LIDAR datasets [Shiode 2001]. Current approaches for creating high-resolution 3D urban models are expensive requiring thousands of man-hours to digitize feature geometries, assign textures to features and attribute features. The lack of robust AFE software tools for collecting geospecific urban features from terrestrial LIDAR systems directly impacts applications for facility reconnaissance, special operations planning and urban warfare decision-making. Visual Learning Systems, Inc. (VLS) has developed a LIDAR AFE system capable of extracting over 1,000 buildings per minute as 3D Shapefiles from airborne LIDAR. VLS' proven capability in developing commercial AFE software tools, and prior research experience with LIDAR, provides the Army with a proven partner for developing a 3D AFE solution for advanced terrestrial LIDAR systems.

NOMADICS, INC. 1024 S. Innovation Way Stillwater, OK 74074
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(405) 372-9535 Dr. Wei Chen ARMY 05-122 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	Nanotechnology-based System for the Detection and Photodynamic Neutralization of BW Agents
Abstract:	Our goal is to detect and eliminate BW agents rapidly. In this project, we will develop functionalized nanoparticle photodynamic agents that can be bioconjugated with monoclonal antibodies to rapidly detect and kill viral infections. During Phase I, we will concentrate on the design and fabrication of handheld prototype detector that can be used as a sentry sensor for virus, e.g. RSV, detection and elimination. The detection and elimination functions of the nanoparticles will be tested separately. In the Phase I option we will conduct some pilot studies for Brucella detection and elimination. Once the proof-of-concept is demonstrated for BW detection and elimination, in Phase II we will combine the detection and elimination functions and focus on the applications of these bi-functional nanoparticle agents for detection and elimination of Brucella that may be present following a BW agent release in open spaces. Phase I Objectives: 1) Synthesize CdTe, TiO2 and ZnO luminescent nanoparticles, 2) Bioconjugate anti-RSV F protein monoclonal antibody (clone 131-2A) to nanoparticles, 3) Design and fabricate a hand-held prototype detector for RSV and Brucella (based on two sizes of CdTe nanoparticles), 4) Test biocongugated TiO2 nanoparticles for RSV elimination.

FANTASTIC DATA LLC 207 Prospect Avenue San Francisco, CA 94110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(415) 643-9555 Mr. Mark Rich ARMY 05-123 Awarded: 10NOV05
Title:	Wireless Backbone to Monitor and Administer Large Remote DoD Acreage
Abstract:	The objective of Phase 1 is to develop and validate the requirements and design for a specialized wireless backbone data backhaul network to support a wide variety of sensors deployed across vast areas. The specialized nature of the backbone network-support for low-power sensor nodes, vast coverage areas, limited access, autonomous operation, and no grid power-sets it apart from other wireless backhaul concepts and approaches. Elements of commercial broadband wireless access (BWA) technology may be applicable but no existing equipment or approach can meet the system requirements. Validation of the requirements and design is necessary and important in advance of deployment to reduce risk. A combination of analysis, simulation, emulation, and prototyping provides the most effective risk reduction

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Mr. Barry Polakowski ARMY 05-123 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	Wireless Backbone to Monitor and Administer Large Remote DoD Acreage
Abstract:	The U.S. Army has stated a need for wirelessly monitoring large areas of remote land. The goal of this effort is to leverage Luna Innovation's existing wireless monitoring system to support the sensing elements and environmental requirements of this implementation. In Phase I of this effort we shall demo the current self-powered wireless system and develop the requirements and initial design for a modified system. The Phase II shall allow the research and development team to create functional field-ready prototypes. This effort builds on the expertise of Luna Innovations in designing self-powered wireless sensor networks and secure wireless communication devices.

SAN DIEGO RESEARCH CENTER, INC. 6885 Flanders Drive, Suite A San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 623-9424 Dr. Bo Ryu ARMY 05-123 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Self-Organizing, Energy Efficient, Scalable and Cost-Effective Wireless Backbone to Monitor and Administer Large Remote DoD Acreage
Abstract:	San Diego Research Center (SDRC) offers a team of experts in wireless sensor networks, embedded networking, mesh networking, and military communication systems to design, analyze, and prototype a MANET-based wireless backbone that not only enables remote monitoring and data acquisition from heterogeneous sensor networks over the vast remote DoD lands and facilities, but also supports cooperation between sensor networks to accomplish complex tasks and to improve energy efficiency and scalability. During Phase I, the primary focus is to develop an validate the wireless backbone architecture, adapt the connectionless network (CN) concepts and algorithms to the specific requirements of the wireless backbone, integrate environmental energy harvest-aware duty cycling, MAC and routing protocols into the CN framework, design a common software and hardware platform for the backbone nodes, and evaluate the performance of the overall system through analysis and simulations. We will leverage three bodies of prior and ongoing research to design and validate the architecture concepts and subsystem technologies: (i) the successful prior work on CN radio developed at SDRC; (ii) the large body of prior work on wireless sensor networks and related tools and technologies developed at UCLA; and (iii) optimal RF planning tools developed by SDRC.

GLOBAL CONTOUR LTD. 1145 Ridge Road West Rockwall, TX 75087
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(214) 514-4085 Dr. Jaycee Howard Chung ARMY 05-124 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	MULTIFUNCTIONAL MATERIAL PROPERTIES-BASED SMART CONCRETE STRUCTURAL SELF-SENSING (MMP-SCSS) TECHNOLOGY
Abstract:	The purpose of the proposed SBIR project is to develop an innovative real-time smart concrete structural self-sensing and self-protection system/technique utilizing the material multifunctional characteristics (electrical and piezoresistive properties) of smart concrete structural material without using third-party embedded or attached sensors. The proposed system technology can be used for building occupancy assessment, security monitoring (intrusion detection), weight assessment on concrete foundation, electromagnetic interference (EMI) protection from potential electronic signal spying or terrorism, structural health monitoring (SHM) on military and commercial infrastructures. The proposed system/technology can be applied to military and commercial concrete infrastructures (military installation concrete facilities and bunkers, concrete buildings, bridges, highways and their interchanges, dams, tunnels, etc.) for several purposes. The system technology application is simple and performance-efficient, and technology implementation/maintenance is cost-effective. Furthermore, this innovation also allows the weighing of cars and trucks crossing the concrete paved highway at national and state borders, and the technology can be used for EMI shielding, as needed for the protection of electronic signal intelligence sensitive concrete structures (military bunkers and U.S. Embassies around the world) against electromagnetic forms of spying or terrorism.

HONEYBEE ROBOTICS 460 West 34th Street New York, NY 10001
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(212) 966-0661 Mr. Kris Zacny ARMY 05-125 Awarded: 04NOV05
Title:	Near-Surface Rapid Soil Characterization System
Abstract:	The objective of the proposed effort is to prove the feasibility and develop preliminary concepts for a rugged, portable, and robust system capable of assessing in-situ soil properties. Currently a rapid soil characterization system does not exist and the proposed work is essential to the development of such a device. Honeybee Robotics has much experience and expertise in planetary drilling and sampling system mechanism and automation design and implementation. The challenging requirements of the proposed rapid soil characterization system (RSCS) is similar in many ways to the unique systems developed by Honeybee for in situ planetary exploration of Mars, comets, the Moon, etc. These requirements include low mass, low power, semi- to fully-autonomous operation, sensor integration, and precision sample acquisition and manipulation. The proposed Phase I effort will focus on concept development and breadboard testing to determine the feasibility of integrating several types of sensors into a single one- to two-person-deployed RSCS and how the system will rapidly penetrate to depth and analyze (and potentially capture samples of) the soil. Phase II will result in a fully-integrated field-deployable RSCS prototype.

HYDROGEOPHYSICS, INC. 2302 N. Forbes Blvd. Tucson, AZ 85745
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 647-3315 Dr. Dale Rucker ARMY 05-125 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	Near-Surface Rapid Soil Characterization System
Abstract:	Hydrogeophysics proposes to develop a portable soil characterization tool to obtain the soil parameters of moisture, strength, and classification. Such a system would be the first to (1) automatically classify soils in the field according to the USCS; (2) collect both torsional shear and compressive strength of soils in the same instrument. The objective of the system is to demonstrate that these quantities can be acquired with minimal effort by unspecialized personnel operating in the theater of operations. The system will be comprised of two units, including a drill/impact hammer with a 3-foot auger with an attached cone. The second unit is a detached soil separator for classification. The hammer feature of the main unit will allow an estimation of the compressive strength of the soil; the drilling capability of the system will provide an estimate of shear strength. A feasibility study will be conducted to determine if the volumetric soil moisture or gravimetric soil moisture will be measured. The volumetric soil moisture can be determined with time domain reflectometry. Alternatively a soil decimation/desiccation system could measure the gravimetric soil moisture. The soil classification unit is designed to take the cuttings of the soil through a separator for classification.

TRANSTECH SYSTEMS, INC. 1594 State Street Schenectady, NY 12304
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 370-5558 Mr. Ronald W. Gamache ARMY 05-125 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	Near-Surface Rapid Soil Characterization System
Abstract:	Soil strength, type, and moisture content are needed to properly assess the load carrying capacity of infrastructure under traffic from ground vehicles and aircraft. Soldiers, with little engineering experience, must be capable of rapidly determining these critical properties to assess the mobility characteristics of maneuver corridors within the theater of operation. Current methods are subject to many limitations, including noise signature, incomplete soil assessment, inaccuracy, and potential for injury. In the proposed work, a novel extension of proven cone penetrometer technology will be developed that brings together measurement of soil strength, moisture content, and classification in a battlespace friendly configuration. First, the labor intensive and unwieldly configuration of the cone penetrometer is replaced with a hands-off, automatic, sound-shielded design that sits on the ground and employs an automatic and adaptive force generation and transfer mechanism. Moisture and dry density profiles will be measured using TransTech's patented electrical impedance technology. Finally, soil type will be developed from a fusion of electrical impedance data, cone and sleeve friction data, pore pressure data, and processed visual imagery. The proposed technology will, for the first time, develop a man-portable instrument that provides a comprehensive field assessment of soil characteristics important for mobility operations.

RJ LEE GROUP, INC. 350 Hochberg Road Monroeville, PA 15146
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(724) 325-1776 Dr. Boyd Clark ARMY 05-126 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	Predicting the Behavior of Cracked Concrete Exposed to Contamination
Abstract:	Concrete durability and its impact on life-cycle infrastructure costs and military readiness is a major societal issue. This SBIR Phase I project focuses on the feasibility of a concrete durability software model that considers the effects of cracks on contamination in concrete. Concrete contamination may affect durability and serviceability. Cracked concrete will contaminate faster leading to potential early degradation and repairs. Most concrete structures have cracked concrete somewhere or scattered everywhere. Models are needed to assess the rate of degradation for critical military facilities so operational readiness can be maintained. Today, no model exists to consider the effect of micro or macro cracks in concrete. This SBIR Phase I program will include feasibility assessments of contamination modeling from various ionic, immiscible liquids, and biological agents. The software program will be crucial to modeling contamination levels from these agents, effectiveness of remedial treatments, and the efficiency of potential preventative treatment measures. The key deliverable under this work in Phase I would be an investigation of cracking phenomenon, preliminary elaboration of the contamination model, and initial model validation.

TRITON SYSTEMS, INC. 200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-4200 Mr. David Powell ARMY 05-127 Selected for Award
Title:	Innovative Design for Low-cost, Durable Thermoplastic Composite Sheet Piling System(1000-765)
Abstract:	Army operations require rapid deployment of waterfront construction systems including docks, wharfs and bridges. Current steel sheet piles, used for these construction purposes, are heavy and easily corrode. Phase I of the project will focus on developing a low-cost, lightweight, rapidly deployable and durable thermoplastic sheet pile system. Existing technologies, methods and issues will be reviewed. Key performance criteria will be generated and ranked. A section profile, interlocking method and anchoring method will be developed and evaluated.

GS ENGINEERING, INC. 101 West Lakeshore Drive Houghton, MI 49931
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(906) 482-1235 Mr. Glen Simula ARMY 05-128 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	High Temperature Bushings for Tracked Vehicles
Abstract:	Bushing degradation in tracked vehicles has attracted attention in the recent conflicts in hot, arid environments around the globe. Due to the increased ambient temperatures and the need for speed and agility, bushings are experiencing higher forces and higher temperatures. Due to this combined effect, bushings are deteriorating quickly, and require service too often. A solution combining advanced materials and engineering know how has GSE and its partners believing that we can come with a solution. With comprehensive knowledge of track systems and military vehicle GSE will use FE analysis to optimize the bushing design taking into account: actual track loads and temperature, material properties, coating techniques, and assembly methods to offer a solution that will significantly prolong the life of the track systems. Specifically, the track tension and rotation will be decoupled. In conjunction with the numerical analysis, optimized bushing designs will be fabricated and tested in a T158LL track bushing simulation machine at KRC. Numerical results can be matched with instrumented experimental data to gain confidence in FE predictions. The bushing designs then can be further optimized and narrowed down to offer a turn key track bushing solution.

AEROVIRONMENT, INC. 825 S. Myrtle Avenue Monrovia, CA 91016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 357-9983 Dr. Zaher Daboussi ARMY 05-129 Selected for Award
Title:	High Power Density, and Efficient on Board Auxiliary Power Generation System
Abstract:	Power generation at remote locations is increasingly important to provide support for logistic and combat operations. The traditional genset driven by a diesel engine, however, is bulky, not highly efficient, and requires non-trivial maintenance. In addition, the power quality that these traditional gensets supply is not sufficient for many field applications. Thus, a compact, yet high efficiency auxiliary power generation system integral to the tracked or wheeled military vehicle, at the 4 kW power level, is an essential new component to aid the warfighter. This advanced generator and power control unit makes use of direct cooled lamination paramagnet magnet motor technology and a proprietary interphase transformer technique using sub-phases controlled by a digital signal processor. The proposed Phase I effort will investigate the feasibility of developing such on-board auxiliary power generation system. The advanced on-board auxiliary power generation system (APGS) will have a higher efficiency, lower harmonic distortion, lower electromagnetic interference, in addition to the greatly lower volume and weight advantages. AeroVironment will overcome the many technical challenges leveraging experience from recent generator, inverter, and digital control development projects.

SATCON TECHNOLOGY CORP. 27 Drydock Avenue Boston, MA 02210
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 897-2447 Dr. Edward Lovelace ARMY 05-129 Awarded: 06DEC05
Title:	High Power Density Engine-Driven Auxiliary Power Unit
Abstract:	SatCon proposes to develop a high power density engine-drive auxiliary power unit (EDAPU) for military vehicles. Our proposed machine type is a high speed permanent magnet generator. A power conversion unit (PCU) will integrate all the functions of converting the PMG power output into 3 selectable electrical outlets: 270VDC, 28VDC, and 120VAC. We plan to develop concept sizing and performance predictions for both liquid and air cooled variations. Our PCU design is a compact topology with limited filtering requirements that will result in a solution that is superior in size, weight, and total ownership cost.

CFD RESEARCH CORP. 215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 726-4800 Dr. Jerry W. Jenkins ARMY 05-130 Awarded: 21NOV05
Title:	Development of Neural Protectants Against Organophosphorus Compound Toxicity
Abstract:	We propose to develop a novel methodology to systematically develop therapeutic compounds for treatment of organophosphate (OP) induced neurotoxicity. A core hypothesis is that combined temporal measurement and computational analysis of cellular processes is needed to understand neurotoxicity and discover novel therapeutics/protectants. We propose a combination of experiment and computation whose goal is to elucidate a detailed mechanistic description of OP neurotoxicity including signalingpathways, metabolic effects and biochemical markers. Starting from current knowledge, we will construct a map of neural signaling/activity pathways and identify reporters of modulation by OP compounds. Using a modified microphysiometer, the dynamic metabolic and signaling changes in neurotypical PC12 cell will be probed. Network analysis tools will be used to analyze the experimental data, in order to validate/modify proposed pathways. Sensitivity analyses will be performed to identify control points for efficaceous intervention. In Phase II, with the aid of expanded measurements, intervention points and candidate therapeutic compounds will be identified. A multi-disciplinary partnership with expertise in (a) dynamic measurements of cellular toxicology/metabolism and (b) in-silico modeling of cellular signaling/metabolism and (c) neurotoxicology has been assembled. The research will be leveraged on ongoing efforts related to analysis of toxin exposure effects both at Vanderbilt and CFDRC.

INFOSCITEX CORP. 303 Bear Hill Road Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 890-1338 Dr. Raman Nambudripad ARMY 05-130 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Biomarker Based Neural Protectants
Abstract:	As long as organophosphates are one of the most probable chemical warfare agents or agents of choice in a terrorist attack, protection of military personnel against these compounds is an important component of sustained troop performance, confidence, and morale. The latest advances in understanding the mechanisms involved in the toxicity of organophosphates include identification of several significant biomarkers following exposure to organophosphates. The proposed program focuses on developing methods to study the signaling pathways generated by these molecular and genetic events and to use them for the development of novel, highly effective, neural protectants against organophosphates.

INTRA-CELLULAR THERAPIES, INC. 3960 Broadway, 6th Floor New York, NY 10032
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(212) 923-3344 Dr. Gretchen L. Snyder ARMY 05-130 Awarded: 10NOV05
Title:	Development of Pre- and Post-Exposure Neural Protectants Against Organophosphorus (OP) Compounds Based on Novel and Specific Biochemical Markers of OP Exposure
Abstract:	Exposure to organophosphorous (OP) cholinesterase inhibitors, used as nerve agents for bioterrorism, results in severe physiological symptoms, including convulsions, coma, and death. Though the primary action of OP agents is well-characterized [i.e., irreversible inhibition of acetylcholine (ACh) breakdown by its primary metabolic enzyme, acetylcholinesterase (AChE)], it has been difficult to identify and implement palliative therapies that effectively block the direct effects of OPs on AChE or prevent OP-induced seizures and convulsions. In fact, the convulsions resulting from OP intoxication present a significant problem for the medical treatment of military personnel and civilian populations exposed to nerve agents since they lead to profound brain damage and long-term psychiatric, motor and cardiovascular problems. The goal of the present proposal is to use state-of-the-art biochemical methods to identify intracellular signaling effects of sarin that are critical for the induction of nerve agent-induced seizures and convulsions and to use these identified substrates as a means to screen promising anti-convulsive therapies as anti-sarin treatments.

ACCESS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. 2600 Stemmons Freeway, Suite 176 Dallas, TX 75207
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(214) 905-5100 Dr. John V. St. John ARMY 05-131 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Chemical Casualty Care: Hydrogel Nanoparticle Aggregates as Wound Dressings Following Debridement of Cutaneuous Vesicant Injuries
Abstract:	The proposed research will demonstrate the utility of hydrogel nanoparticle aggregates as bandages for post-debridement vesicant injuries. Dehydrated hydrogel nanoparticles in powder form are applied to the surface of a wound. The nanoparticles aggregate immediately and form a continuous hydrogel film that absorbs exudate and protects the wound surface. Studies show that an aggregate film controls the release of antibiotics, painkillers, protein-based growth factors, and steroids for periods ranging from weeks to months. The research will apply the wound dressing to burns in an animal model and assess the healing and local pharmacokinetics for released therpeutics.

LYNNTECH, INC. 7607 Eastmark Drive, Suite 102 College Station, TX 77840
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(979) 693-0017 Dr. Adrian Denvir ARMY 05-131 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Multifunctional Dressings for Improved Wound Healing
Abstract:	In the present political climate, there is a significantly increased risk of vesicant agent attacks against the US armed forces and the civilian population. At present vesicant injury treatment involves wound debridement, followed by skin grafting or the application of wound dressings, which are limited in the benefits that they offer, and need to be changed out frequently, thus adding to the suffering of the casualties, and logistical and cost hurdles on the armed forces. In this Phase I SBIR effort, Lynntech proposes to develop a multifunctional wound dressing which incorporates several beneficial features such as wound exudates removal, delivery of growth factor and antimicrobial agent, and a transparent design, to shorten wound healing time, decrease scarring, lengthen application time and allow easy visual determination of wound healing progress. This will significantly lower the logistical and cost burden on the medical personnel and armed forces in general, and shorten the suffering of the casualties, thereby acting as a deterrent against the use of vesicants by the enemy. During Phase II we will further optimize the design and perform limited animal testing to show the suitability of our multifunctional wound dressings for use in the treatment of vesicant and burn injuries.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Gregory Zeltser ARMY 05-131 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Wound Curing Dressing
Abstract:	To address the Army need for a dressing that combines the features of several commercial products designed to treat burns, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Wound Curing Dressing (WCD) that will contain embedded growth factors, microbicidal agents, antiproteinases, and nutrients; be capable of absorbing wound exudates; be able to remain in place for up to 7 days; and have a shelf life of 2 years at temperatures ranging from -30 to 150 degrees F. This proposed dressing combines lyophilized platelets with nanocrystalline silver. The WCD will improve treatment, with better cosmetic and functional outcome for the patient and a speedier return to duty. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the WCD by fabricating the prototype and testing its biostimulating and microbiocidal effects in vitro. In Phase II POC plans to develop and demonstrate the efficacy of a prototype wound dressing and conduct in-depth testing in an appropriate animal wound healing model, comparing the prototype dressing with a standard moisture-retentive dressing.

QUICK MED TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 3427 SW 42nd Way Gainesville, FL 32608
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(352) 379-0611 Dr. Bernd Liesenfeld ARMY 05-131 Selected for Award
Title:	Chemical Casualty Care: Wound Dressings Designed to Speed Wound Closure Following Debridement of Cutaneous Vesicant Injuries
Abstract:	QMT has technology in hand to develop a novel wound dressing that has potential to greatly enhance the rate of healing for debrided vesicant agent injuries, as well as related chronic wounds. The matrix of the dressing is based on a polyelectrolyte complex that consists of a highly absorbent anionic material (carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC) that is treated with a synthetic cationic polymer to enhance structural cohesion and to provide sustained release of a broad spectrum antibiotic (doxycycline) that also acts as an general inhibitor of metalloproteinases (MMPs and TNFa converting enzyme), which will reduce inflammation and proteases that retard wound healing. The polyelectrolyte complex matrix material is engineered to conform to the wound surface, and together with the backing layer of low moisture vapor penetration film, provide a moist wound healing environment. Further features of the dressing include controlled release of a growth factor (EGF) and antioxidants (vitamin C and E) that have been demonstrated to enhance the rate of wound healing. All ingredients are known to be robust, and the proposed dressing should have an indefinite shelf life without need for special storage conditions.

NUMERICA CORP. PO Box 271246 Ft. Collins, CO 80527
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(970) 419-8343 Dr. Aubrey Poore ARMY 05-132 Selected for Award
Title:	Advanced Air Target Track Fusion Processing of Data from Multiple Distributed Sensors
Abstract:	A key element in the mission of the United States Armed forces is the ability to identify and track multiple objects of concern and to then coordinate forces to take appropriate action. To this end, the use of multiple sensors on multiple platforms greatly enhances this tracking and identification capability. Thus, the overall goal of this program is to develop a network-centric class of multiple frame data association methods (MFA/MHT) that achieves the quality and performance of a centralized MFA/MHT tracker, that achieves a Single Integrated Air Picture (SIAP) across a network of platforms, and that manages communication loading, even in challenging and anomalous conditions. The success of this program depends on solving a host of technical problems associated with network tracking. Numerica proposes the adaptation of its Network MFA tracker to the IAMD benchmark and the use of the IAMD benchmark metrics to demonstrate its performance in challenging conditions such as communication delays and biases. Simulation studies will be performed to identify issues associated with the degradation in performance as communication delays and biases vary. Solutions to these and other issues will be proposed.

DATA RESEARCH & ANALYSIS CORP. 1555 King St., #300 Alexandria, VA 22314
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 299-0700 Mr. Leigh Yu ARMY 05-133 Selected for Award
Title:	Object Oriented Repository for Data Structures
Abstract:	The end-product of this solicitation is the development of an Object Oriented Repository; for Phase I, a requirements specification of the Repository is to be delivered. Key to this development are considerations for performance, both in inserting and retrieving information from the Repository. Secondary considerations include flexibility, security, and robustness among other qualities. Unlike relational databases which have produced query optimizations based on the underlying relational algebra implemented in the data manipulation language, Object Oriented databases have so far lacked that foundation and as a result, performance suffers. To develop the specifications for the Repository, we propose an investigation of the state of the art, including academic approaches to formalism equivalent to the relational algebra. Approaches to be considered include the Monoidal Comprehension Calculus, Encore Query Algebra, and AQUA. In addition to query optimization, different approaches to data storage models are also evaluated for improved performance. Storage models are interrelated with the query model, but operate closer to the physical storage level of the database.

TRIDENT SYSTEMS, INC. 10201 Lee Highway, Suite 300 Fairfax, VA 22030
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 267-6742 Mr. Timothy Spafford ARMY 05-133 Selected for Award
Title:	Object Oriented Repository for the Management of Systems, Software, and Modeling and Simulation Data Structures
Abstract:	As the complexity and size of technological systems grows and subsystems become more specialized, the amount of design information that needs to be captured, managed and put into use increases. No single individual can adequately comprehend the sheer magnitude of this data requiring the use of databases and automated tools within each domain of the process and stovepiped environments. An integrated approach is needed by which experts in each domain can continue to use their specialized tools but which also provides comprehensive cross-domain data sharing, inter-domain traceability, multi-domain information and asset configuration management and analysis; and which fosters collaborative development. Today, the need for an integrated approach has increased as the focus of architectures has shifted from developing each individual system to developing capabilities and the information that shapes and informs concept development and decision making. The Army is developing entirely new organizations, systems and functional architectures; converting units to new configurations; modernizing the force; developing System of Systems Architectures (SoSA) and Family of Systems Architectures (FoSA) that comprise combat systems and complimentary systems to include embedded training, personnel, medical and logistics systems. Individual architectures require collaborative development, consideration of joint interoperability requirements, and cross Service boundary vertical and horizontal integration. A common, object oriented repository and open collaboration effort are required to facilitate the development of a coherent Army-wide architecture development. The solution is the creation of a "super-context" in which all data from all tools may reside. An extensible, open super-context provides a natural means for interrelating data between architectures. In this manner, the data from various projects can become part of a larger project that has a complete scope.

CFD RESEARCH CORP. 215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 726-4800 Dr. Debasis Sengupta ARMY 05-134 Selected for Award
Title:	Development of Improved Performance, Low Toxic Hypergolic Fuel for Replacing Monomethylhydrazine
Abstract:	Monomethylhydrazine (MMH) is a widely employed fuel in hypergolic, bipropellant systems. Negative aspects of this fuel are its high toxicity and carcinogenic effects. Although gelling of fuel has solved many technical problems, its toxicity and carcinogenic nature is still a major concern. The task of developing a replacement fuel for MMH is constrained to those compounds that maintain or improve all performance characteristics, dovetail into existing infrastructure, while reducing the toxicity and health risks. The proposed work aims at modeling-guided design and development of replacements for MMH. This strategy will significantly reduce the time and cost for development of new hypergolic fuels by predicting their chemical and physical properties at the earliest stage of development. In Phase I, high fidelity molecular-modeling techniques will be applied to identify candidates for MMH replacement by computing their density, vapor pressure, heat of formation, specific and density impulse. The Phase I option program will focus on prediction of toxicity, freezing point and ignition delay time. At the end of Phase I, at least three candidate fuels will be selected for further consideration based on their chemical and physical properties. In Phase II, the selected candidates will be synthesized or purchased, if available, and tested in both liquid and gelled form to examine their performance in small-scale rocket engines under consideration at Northrop Grumman, Aerojet and Orbitec.

INFOSCITEX CORP. 303 Bear Hill Road Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 890-1338 Dr. Harris Gold ARMY 05-134 Selected for Award
Title:	Reduced Toxicity Liquid Fuel for Gel Bi-Propulsion Systems
Abstract:	Rocket propulsion systems are used by many branches throughout the Department of Defense and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Current thrusts within the United States Army have led to increased interests in the use of gel bi-propulsion systems due to the performance, safety, and logistical advantages they present over liquid and solid propellant systems. In this Phase I SBIR program, Infoscitex Corporation, in collaboration with Molecular Knowledge Systems, Inc., proposes the development of a reduced toxicity liquid fuel for gel bi-propulsion systems to address toxicity and carcinogenicity concerns with monomethyl hydrazine. The Phase I effort will focus on the use of computational methods to generate candidate fuel alternatives and predict physical properties. Based on candidate rankings, preliminary property and toxicity characterization will be performed on selected materials. As a result of the Phase I program, the United States Army will be provided with a list of candidate materials supported both by mathematical predictions and preliminary laboratory evaluations.

PROPAGATION RESEARCH ASSOC. 1220 Kennestone Circle, Suite E Marietta, GA 30066
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(770) 795-8181 Ms. Susan F. Dugas ARMY 05-135 Selected for Award
Title:	Optimized State Estimation Algorithms for Fast Hit-to-Kill Engagement
Abstract:	Propagation Research Associates, Inc., (PRA) introduces two innovative algorithms to reduce fire control and missile filter transients in short time-of-flight guided missile engagements. A class of Smoothed Iterated Filters is developed as a more efficient implementation of the forward-backward filter and is shown to significantly reduce the impact of filter transients due to initialization error. PRA proposes a Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) algorithm that is computationally efficient and minimizes filter transients. PRA also proposes to investigate the utility of other approaches such as Levinson Auto-Regression and use of external fire control radar data uplinked to the missile to provide improved filter initial states which, in combination with the Smoothed Iterated Filter and/or MLE, will achieve even more reduction in filter transient response. Basically, filter transients are a function of the accuracy of the initial parameters of a filter. For the Kalman filter, the initial parameters consist of a state vector and a covariance matrix. The Smoothed Iterated Filters and MLE provide algorithms that improve the initial state and covariance estimates using the available measurements onboard the missile interceptor. Also, using external data that can be uploaded to the missile either pre-launch or post-launch has the potential to improve filter initialization.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Mr. Jonathan Graf ARMY 05-136 Selected for Award
Title:	Amorphous Soft-Core Processor for Hardware Anti-Tamper
Abstract:	The loss of technological advantage due to the tamper and reverse engineering of digital computing hardware is a growing concern for the United States Army. Active and passive anti-tamper mechanisms, such as epoxy resins, connoisseur coating, VLSI circuit layout obfuscation, chemical-mechanical planarization, power and voltage variation detection circuits, tamper sensors, and data remanence solutions, have been employed in recent years with varied effectiveness. The static nature of the underlying hardware makes tamper attack methods quickly definable and limited only by the equipment, expertise, and time available the attacker. For the U.S. Army, the attacker might be a well-funded foreign government for whom equipment, finances, and personnel are not significantly limited. Methods need to be developed that significantly increase the cost and complexity of an effective attack. Luna Innovations will develop an amorphous soft-core processor as a hardware tamper-resistance solution for FPGAs. The focus will be on developing hardware anti-tamper protection for FPGAs because their unique run-time reconfigurable characteristics will enable novel hardware anti-tamper protections. Since FPGAs are now capable of general purpose computing, digital signal processing, high-speed encryption, and high-performance custom computing, a successful FPGA-based anti-tamper technique would have far-reaching applications to a myriad of Army computing systems.

THE ATHENA GROUP, INC. 3424 N.W. 31st Street Gainesville, FL 32605
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(352) 371-2567 Dr. Jonathon D. Mellott ARMY 05-136 Selected for Award
Title:	Hardware-Based Anti-Tamper Techniques
Abstract:	To meet the challenge of preventing or delaying the reverse engineering or compromise of U.S. developed technologies embedded in U.S. Army weapon systems, Athena proposes a comprehensive framework for the design of custom single-chip secure processors. This framework will enable designers to rapidly and cost-effectively produce secure, custom system-on-a-chip processors, as well as design collateral necessary for security certification of each custom secure processing solution. This will effectively remove the barriers to implementing secure processing for the majority of defense electronics applications. In Phase I, Athena will implement the described design framework and produce a hardware prototype of a secure processor using the framework.

QUANTERION SOLUTIONS 811 Court St. Utica, NY 13502
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(315) 732-0097 Mr. Seymour Morris ARMY 05-137 Selected for Award
Title:	Long Term Missile Aging Reliability Prediction for Lead-Free Solder Interconnects
Abstract:	Because lead is a toxic metal, uses of it that affect the environment are a health risk. Less widely known than paint, gasoline, and batteries is the significant concern associated with ground water leaching of lead-based solder from electronics disposed of in landfills. Although many states have legislation regarding becoming lead-free, the US aerospace industry is, to some extent, being swept along with the international lead-free movement. The AMRDEC is faced with the problem of reliability-over-time, because its missiles are stored for years. Its Stockpile Reliability Programs (SRP) have maintained the necessary levels of reliability at an affordable cost. Now, with the transition to lead-free connections, a whole new set of challenges arises because their reliability is unknown. AMRDEC, as part of the TCG for "Predictive Materials Aging and Reliability," is developing tools to help in the SRP process. Sandia is using finite element analysis to simulate the effects of input variables of the solder characteristics and the environmental stresses over time to identify damage to the lead-free solder joints. This Phase I effort will take the Sandia results and expand them into a reliability prediction tool that can be used in trading-off parameters in making SRP decisions for missiles.

MATERIALS SYSTEMS, INC. 543 Great Road Littleton, MA 01460
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 486-0404 Mr. Barry Robinson ARMY 05-138 Selected for Award
Title:	Near Net Shape Forming of AlON or Spinel
Abstract:	This program will establish a low-cost aluminum oxynitride (AlON) process capable of producing windows and domes for Joint Common Missile and other seeker applications. The program will achieve lower window production cost through net-shape or near-net shape forming of the ceramic window blank to reduce the time and effort required for grinding and polishing domes to the final dimensions. Using MSI's existing AlON powder production and densification processes, novel wet-forming processes that are known to be compatible with high volume manuifacturing, such as injection molding, will be evaluated for green dome forming to near net shape. Production cost savings will be confirmed by polishing Phase I dome samples and estimating full scale production costs based on MSI's established cost models.

SURMET CORP. 33 B Street Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(716) 875-4091 Mr. Thomas Mroz ARMY 05-138 Selected for Award
Title:	Near Net Shape Forming of Spinel Hemispherical Domes
Abstract:	The current method for producing dome blanks for multimode optics is to spray dry powders, followed by isopressing around metal mandrels. Yield losses during spray drying, and excess material requirements in the pressing step represent a significant portion of the final part cost. Unfortunately, few opportunities are available to minimize these losses. Slurry casting processes represent an alternative to isopressing, and in the case of hemispherical domes, are particularly well suited. Both slip casting and gel casting provide the opportunity to prepare domes at near-net shape with minimal yield loss. To date, spinel has been particularly difficult to cast, however, due to its fine particle size. Identification of a suitable dispersion system for spinel that supports casting, despite the particular issues related to the material, is the key to developing this new, more efficient processing route. We propose herein to develop a casting method suitable for producing hemispherical domes of suitable optical quality from spinel powders. Our efforts build on current capabilities for dispersing spinel in preparation for dry processing of lenses, domes and windows. Both slip and gel casting will be investigated in Phase I, with one process selected for further development in Phase II.

M4 ENGINEERING, INC. 2161 Gundry Avenue Signal Hill, CA 90755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(562) 981-7797 Dr. Myles Baker ARMY 05-139 Selected for Award
Title:	Development of a Coupled Environment Code for Design Optimization of Missile Radomes
Abstract:	todo

SATCON TECHNOLOGY CORP. 27 Drydock Avenue Boston, MA 02210
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 897-2435 Dr. Leo Casey ARMY 05-140 Selected for Award
Title:	High Temperature Packaging Technology for Semiconductors
Abstract:	SatCon proposes to develop semiconductor packaging technology for the -65/+300�C temperature range. The goal is reliable operation while permitting high device temperature and wide temperature cycles, a particular challenge for existing Power and RF packaging techniques which are suited to the -40/+150�C range. While there are many issues to study further in the Phase I portion of the program, we will build on experience we already have with Wide Band Gap devices and in hi-rel and high-temperature packaging. Our approach is based on: � Minimization of number/types of materials � Use of materials stable at high temperatures � Near-perfect matching of thermal expansions, including :metal conductor layers � Use of multiple parallel die to minimize interface stresses, relative to single large die � Complete elimination of bond wires through use of bump-bonding (flip-chip), compression packaging and other advanced techniques. SatCon has active SiC packaging and applications programs and strong working relationships with the major suppliers (Northrop, Cree & SemiSouth have all endorsed this proposal). We have the facilities, knowledge and personnel to undertake this program through the completion of Phase II and relationships in the Wide Band Gap, Defense and Hi-Rel Industries that will enable us to commercialize the results.

SIENNA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 19501 144th Avenue NE, Suite F-500 Woodinville, WA 98072
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(425) 485-7272 Dr. Ender Savrun ARMY 05-140 Selected for Award
Title:	A Reliable Aluminum Nitride High Temperature Electronic Package for High Power Devices
Abstract:	This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will develop an AlN ceramic package that will facilitate the operation of high power SiC devices at temperatures greater than 300�C. Processes to assemble the components into a hermetically sealed package will be identified and developed. We will develop a novel die attach to overcome thermal stress failures, and a robust monometallic gold wire bonding capable of reliable operation above 300�C possibly up to 600�C. Test vehicles will be fabricated and used to evaluate the high temperature stability of the material systems to be used in the package construction.

CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Dr. Scott K. Ralph ARMY 05-141 Selected for Award
Title:	Fusion Algorithm Creation for Advanced Detection via Evolution (FACADE)
Abstract:	Sensor technology has recently advanced to the point where it is has become quite feasible to use multiple sensor modalities on the same platform. However, methods for intelligently fusing the data from the disparate sensors into a more descriptive form have proven illusive. Fusion of features not requiring co-registration of the image data is obviously beneficial; however, it is still an open problem as to which features are useful for ATR tasks and also sufficiently stable to fuse across sensor modalities. We present a set of candidate features for electro optic, infrared, and LADAR images that are then fused. These features include: spin images computed at 3D feature points, vertical surface features, Gabor functions, and scale-space features. We outline a method by which an evolutionary algorithm takes ATR training data and its associated ground truth to discover an optimal fusion for a set of candidate features, given the desires set forth by the decision-maker (such as desired point on ROC curve). We discuss an evaluation plan for determining which candidate features are most suitable for fusing. Additionally, we explore an optional scale-space based image registration allowing pixel-to-pixel fusion to also be performed.

SYSTEM DYNAMICS 9116 SW 51st Road, Suite 102 Gainesville, FL 32608
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(352) 371-8035 Mr. Kevin J. Shortelle ARMY 05-141 Selected for Award
Title:	Feature Based Sensor Fusion Using Evolutionary Algorithms
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I program is directed at developing and testing a feature-based system that exploits Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) technology to fuse data for several battlefield sensors. The sensor-fused system will accept feature vectors extracted from different sensor images and output a target identification decision with a high probability of correct identification. The EA approach represents an innovative structure for both improving Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) performance and streamlining computations associated with model-based (i.e., template-based) techniques. The approach utilizes proven EA software that has been developed and successfully implemented for other ATR applications for the Air Force and Army. The research will focus on electro-optic sensors, but will also encompass relatively long wavelength sensors, such as millimeter wave (MMW) that provide a relative degree of weather penetration but at the expense of resolution in the image, as well as synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors that provide good resolution and have excellent weather penetration.

AEGIS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. 631 Discovery Drive Huntsville, AL 35806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 876-7457 Dr. Milan Buncick ARMY 05-142 Selected for Award
Title:	Development of an Ultra-Fast Optical Beam Scanner for Tactical Laser Radar (LADAR) Seeker
Abstract:	Optical scanners are used to control the position of a light beam in one or more orthogonal spatial dimensions. There is a strong need to develop seeker with increased ability to track and engage multiple fleeting targets at increased range. Optomechanical scanners and scanners based on liquid crystals (LC) can effectively scan laser beams but they have limited scanning speeds. voltage, optical beam scanner is needed for future tactical missile seekers. We propose to use the superprism effect to produce an all-electronic beam steering device. We propose that instead of changing the angle of incidence of the incident light to achieve large deflections, a change in the band structure by the electro-optic (EO) effect in a PBG structure fabricated from high-performance EO polymers can cause changes in the propagation direction of the light. Beam steering by using EO materials would be very useful, especially because the intrinsic response speed of the EO effect is know to be in the GHz range. EO steering also opens up the possibility of local control of dispersion surfaces by applying local electric fields resulting in local beam steering of parts of the beam.

GENERAL OPTO SOLUTIONS, LLC 1366 Ridge Master Drive State College, PA 16803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 238-7666 Ms. Claire (Fang) Luo ARMY 05-142 Selected for Award
Title:	Development of Ultra-Fast, Low grating lobe Optical Beam Scanners for Laser Radar (LADAR) Seeker
Abstract:	In order to track fast moving targets, increase missile cruising speed, and improve scanning resolution, higher performance (including faster scanning speed and better spatial resolution) laser radar (LADAR) seekers are critically needed. Thus, the objective of our proposed effort is to develop a next generation, high performance LADAR seeker that not only has a fast scanning speed (up to ns range), lower grating lobes, and a small footprint but also is cost effective. The unequally spaced phased array technique will be harnessed to realize this low grating lobe, fast speed optical beam scanning. Furthermore, a unique array of optical delay lines will be developed to increase the repetition rate of the laser pulses so that one can maintain the spatial resolution per scanned frame while having an increased scanning speed. This repetition rate increaser is important for reducing the cost and risk of developing and installing new laser systems. The new optical beam scanner developed under this project will significantly enhance the performance of the LADAR seeker used in tactical missiles. It will also provide an effective scanning tool for a variety of civilian applications such as large size display, free space communications et al.

ANALATOM, INC. 562 Weddell Drive, Suite 4 Sunnyvale, CA 94089
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 734-9392 Mr. Benjamin Caldwell ARMY 05-143 Selected for Award
Title:	Three Dimensional Imaging for Missile Damage Assessment
Abstract:	A three-dimensional diagnostic/prognostic imaging system that is specifically designed for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is proposed. Core to the system under development is attention to the data that is produced, and ensuring that it is optimized for the purpose of prognostics. To this aim as much attention is paid to the system that collects the data as to the algorithms that analyze the data. A family of MEMS based sensors can provide both strain and corrosion measurement in a package a few mils thick that can be embedded during the motor casing fiber winding process for missile damage assessment. The unique strain measurement sensor is capable of separately measuring pure strain as well as bending all in one sensor. This unique capability in a micro sensor allows the direct measurement of both shear faults as well as impact damage. The corrosion micro sensor is a proven design being evaluated for application on laminated structures on new weapon systems. The combination of these two measurements (strain and corrosion) can provide data during the manufacturing process to assure that the parts are free from faults.

SURMET CORP. 33 B Street Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 272-3969 Dr. Lee Goldman ARMY 05-144 Selected for Award
Title:	Application of an Infrared Transmitting Dielectric to Concave Spherical Surfaces
Abstract:	The dome for the Joint Common Missile (JCM) program is required to have a patterned metal mesh buried between inner and outer dielectric layers. Surmet has worked closely with the Army and Lockheed Martin to produce prototype domes by bonding inner and outer shells of ALON or Spinel together. The purpose of the proposed effort is to develop a more affordable dome by replacing the inner dome shell with an inexpensive dielectric layer, resulting in a more affordable dome. The dielectric layer must also be compatible with MRF, in order to achieve very tight wavefront requirements of the JCM program. Several candidate dielectric materials will be evaluated during the phase I effort. The most promising candidate will be selected to produce a prototype domelet for evaluation. Scale up to a full sized (7-in diameter, nearly hemispherical dome) would take place during the Phase II effort.

ANALATOM, INC. 562 Weddell Drive, Suite 4 Sunnyvale, CA 94089
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 734-9392 Mr. Benjamin Caldwell ARMY 05-145 Selected for Award
Title:	Data Mining for Integrated Structural Health Management of Missiles
Abstract:	In this project we propose to make a unique and complete data mining system, specifically developed for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM). Even more particular about the system is the way it is aimed at vehicles and other structures that form fleets as they are procured in the Army. In the project the integrity of the data is weighted to be as important as the algorithms that mine the data. As such the complete system will be developed and `off the shelf' analysis techniques avialble in many commercial database software will be employed. From the onset this project aims to ensure that the envisaged system addresses the real practical issues of a complete system. All aspects of detail such as format, data types and stamping are addressed. The project proposes to use a well-developed system of sensors, nodes, local and global databanks to provide the data for the analysis/mining. Data form the sensors will be analyzed on the nodes and all redundant data immediately removed. This aims to reduce bandwidth. Additionally, the nodes will be enabled to provide early warning of system failures such as leak or impact detection. This will provide on the ground staff with immediate and practical information.

CFD RESEARCH CORP. 215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 726-4800 Mr. Matthew E. Thomas ARMY 05-146 Selected for Award
Title:	Development and Validation of a Model for Gelled Hypergolic Reactions
Abstract:	A model that characterizes the flow patterns within gelled hypergolic reaction chambers, and its rigorous validation with prior and current engine development data, is proposed. Phase I modeling will leverage recent breakthroughs associated with hypergolic gel combustion stochastic turbulent dispersion, droplet breakup and a heuristic collision and evaporation methodology. During Phase I a reduced finite rate chemical reaction mechanism for MMH/IRFNA and DMAZ/IRFNA combustion will be conceived. In addition, the heuristic collision model currently in place for hypergolic gelled and ungelled combustion will be replaced with a group interaction stochastic approach. The properties of carbon-loaded MonoMethyl Hydrazine (MMH) fuel gel and Inhibited Red Fuming Nitric Acid (IRFNA) oxidizer gel associated with the Future Missile Technology Integration (FMTI) program will be used to compare the predictions of the conceptual model to experimental results. A second validation effort will be completed using liquid DiMethylAminoethylaZide (DMAZ) and liquid IRFNA data. Prediction of ignition delay time for both propellant combinations using Phase I validation will include existing Army test data. During the Option program detailed design of a test chamber capable of characterizing the spray formation and interfacial tensions associated with gelled and ungelled propellant combinations of interest to the Army will be prepared. Phase II will focus on detailed model refinement and validation using benchmark quality data from a customized test rig. The will be capable of considering both loaded and unloaded fuels.

ORBITAL TECHNOLOGIES CORP.(ORBITEC) Space Center, 1212 Fourier Drive Madison, WI 53717
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(608) 827-5000 Dr. Martin Chiaverini ARMY 05-146 Selected for Award
Title:	Hypergolic Gelled Propellant Reaction Model
Abstract:	ORBITEC and ITT/Aerotherm propose to develop an advanced model to describe the chemical reactions and ignition delay of hypergolic gelled propellants. The model consists of two primary modules: a recently developed fluid dynamic spray model, and a new chemistry module that considers the reaction kinetics of various gels. Phase I will include identification of important model parameters, conceptual model development, comparison of the model results to empirical data for MMH/IRFNA and DMAZ/IRFNA, and plans for model refinement in Phase II. Sprays of water-based gel simulates will be characterized using particle/droplet image analysis in Phase I to help validate the fluid dynamic module. The Phase I chemistry module will be developed by compiling reaction rate constants and equations for various hypergolic gelled propellants. The Phase I fluid dynamic module will consider droplet size and trajectory, surface tension, and droplet vaporization characteristics. Phase II will involve detailed model development, molecular modeling for the chemistry module, and empirical validation using hypergolic drop-on-drop testing and hot-fire testing in a liquid rocket engine.

LASERLITH CORP. 120 East Union Avenue Bound Brook, NJ 08805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 648-8039 Dr. Zhixiong Xiao ARMY 05-147 Selected for Award
Title:	Microelectromechanical Systems Packaging
Abstract:	Many standard packaging methods pose problems for high-g MEMS. Wirebonds can fail or drift electrically under high shock conditions. Wafer-level approaches may lack required strength, and impose undesirably high temperatures. The proposed project will assess failure modes for high-g MEMS devices and results will be presented in a database.

TOYON RESEARCH CORP. Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Dr. Craig S. Agate ARMY 05-148 Selected for Award
Title:	Fast Algorithms for Impact Point Prediction of Rocket, Artillery and Mortar Trajectories
Abstract:	In many security operations such as protecting a military base from guerilla warfare-type attacks, there is a limited time to assess threats and take appropriate action. For example, warning soldiers of an impending mortar attack requires an early-detection system, an estimation algorithm that receives a limited number of measurements and, finally, a prediction algorithm that rapidly and accurately predicts the point of attack. While current radar technology addresses threat detection and verification, advanced estimation algorithms are needed to rapidly and accurately estimate the state of a projectile with limited observations, rendering impact point prediction as reliable as possible. Toyon Research proposes to develop algorithms that enhance existing counter-fire radar systems with trajectory prediction of the incoming projectiles. Toyon will analyze several filtering and impact point prediction algorithms and identify those algorithms that have the potential to meet the required specifications. The algorithms will be developed and analyzed in Toyon's SLAMEM simulation environment, a simulation that has extensive models of sensors, terrain, roads, buildings, ground vehicle motion, weapon trajectories, etc. Toyon will outline and execute a development path towards a realtime operational algorithm. Finally, Toyon will develop an optimization algorithm for the placement of available sensors to maximize the system performance.

EMITECH, INC. 476 Locust St., suite 5 Fall River, MA 02720
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 324-0758 Dr. I. Levitsky ARMY 05-149 Selected for Award
Title:	Mid-IR, Uncooled Photodetectors Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Abstract:	Emitech, Inc. proposes an innovative approach aimed at the development of nanoscale infrared detectors capable of operating at room temperatures in the wavelength range of 5-15 �Ym. An active nanomaterial is composed from carbon nanotubes (CNTs) being in junction with the flat or nanoporous semiconductor surface. This new concept is based on the effect of reduced electron-phonon coupling in quasi one-dimensional CNTs, which considerably suppress the thermal noise and enables higher detector operational temperatures. Semiconducting CNTs are known to exhibit the inverse proportional dependence of the band gap on the nanotube diameter. Thus, the variation of the CNT diameter allows to control the detector operation range. This new approach is to gain an advantage over traditionally used II-VI and III-V bulk compounds and related nanostructures for IR detection. Simple and cost effective fabrication process combined with robust and easy to control electro-optical properties allow making CNT-based uncooled detectors large in size, onto a flexible substrate, with low noise and at low fabrication cost.

NANO CVD CO 12315 Glenfield Ave Tampa, FL 33626
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(813) 891-6440 Dr. Nikolai Kislov ARMY 05-149 Selected for Award
Title:	Uncooled Nanoscale Infrared High-Speed Sensors for Missile Seeker Applications
Abstract:	There is a growing need in multi-spectral focal plane array detectors for advanced missile seekers with better target discrimination and identification. Multicolor capabilities, high detectivity, and quick response are highly important for advance infrared sensor systems. However, such photodetectors require cryogenic temperature and are expensive. Less expensive uncooled bolometric detectors have no multicolor capability and are less sensitive. NanoCVD has been selecting the approach in which the incident electromagnetic radiation is detected by nanoantennas, and small nanosensors coupled with antennas transform the electromagnetic energy into useful signals. Because of directional selectivity, cooling such detector is not required. The Phase-I objective is to demonstrate nanoscale device technology through R&D of innovative nanoscale imaging infrared devices, namely, antenna-coupled and/or dielectric rod antenna (DRA) arrays for use in medium and long wavelength infrared staring missile seekers. In Phase-II, NanoCVD will further optimize fabrication process, carry out system design, and fabricate uncooled DRA-coupled infrared detector with high-speed and multicolor capability to test validity of the analysis and predictions made in Phase-I. Successful development of uncooled nanoscale infrared high-speed sensors in accordance with the proposed effort will open up a wide range of applications ranging from missile seeker to driver's night vision enhancement.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Dr. David B. Fenner ARMY 05-149 Selected for Award
Title:	Carbon Nanotube IR Detectors and Arrays
Abstract:	The Army desires MWIR and LWIR imaging sensors for missile seekers with performance emphasis on low input power, small aperture, light weight and affordability, well beyond conventional semiconductor detectors. This Phase I proposal by PSI describes a comprehensive program to develop practical IR detection by uncooled carbon nanotube (CNT) structures that can meet the Army goals. Phase II work will do characterizations, design and fabricate 2D imaging arrays of CNT, and evaluate these with customers (military and civilian). The objectives of Phase I are to characterize individual CNT photodetectors, and evaluate synthesis and fabrication by commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) materials and protocols. Phase I will determine: type of response (photoconductive, voltaic), responsivity, spectral dependence, dark noise, and speed. Designs will exploit antenna effects of CNT. Tasks are to select a suitable form of CNT material to meet the goals, design individual test structures, secure synthesis and fabrication through vendors, and evaluate IR characteristics relative to conventional detectors. Modeling development of improvements in optical and electronic device behavior is proposed as an Option Task. Phase II will fabricate IR imaging arrays, demonstrate superior performance potential, and do the engineering for that technology.

21ST CENTURY TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 4515 Seton Center Parkway, Suite 320 Austin, TX 78759
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 342-0010 Mr. Braxton Thomason ARMY 05-150 Selected for Award
Title:	Dynamically Obfuscating Virtual Execution Engine (DOVE)
Abstract:	The United States Army is increasingly dependent on weapons platforms that rely on commercial off the shelf (COTS) hardware coupled with mission critical embedded software. Autonomous weapons platforms such as unmanned aerial reconnaissance vehicles and bomb/mine defusing robots are very effective at assisting the warfighter in countering asymmetric threats. This gives U.S. forces strategic and tactical advantages. Increased autonomy increases the risk of capture and subsequent reverse-engineering. The use of COTS hardware components makes the software much more susceptible to reverse-engineering than customized hardware. Reverse engineering a weapons platform enables an adversary to compromise the platform's mission and cost soldiers' lives. Anti-tamper (AT) and anti-reverse engineering (ARE) methods focus on sufficiently delaying or making it economically infeasible for the adversary; it is well understood that is impossible to entirely prevent re-engineering. The Dynamically Obfuscating Virtual Execution Environment (DOVE) will severely inhibit the adversary's ability to reverse engineer or tamper with weapons software in a timely manner by applying dynamic obfuscation. The dynamic obfuscation in DOVE will undermine and invalidate the software cracker's most basic assumptions about code execution and make it extremely difficult to reverse engineer or tamper with code.

ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORP. 9971 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 829-5864 Mr. Eric J. Dahlman ARMY 05-150 Selected for Award
Title:	Twister: An Anti-Tamper Meta-Protection Approach
Abstract:	As warfare becomes more technology bound there is a growing threat of misappropriation of software that could disable or hinder US military activities. Twister provides a theoretically sound mechanism for combining anti-tamper technology in a manner that is resistant to both patching and analysis. This approach makes the individual elimination of applied protections significantly more expensive. Twister leverages a number of other ATC technologies most notably ATC's Tornado, an automatic source-code obfuscator.

ASE OPTICS 2489 Brighton Henrietta Town Line Rd. Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 424-0335 Dr. Damon Diehl ARMY 05-151 Selected for Award
Title:	Transmitted Wavefront Metrology of Multiple-Layer Dome Optics Using a Scanning Low-Coherence Dual Interferometer (SLCDI)
Abstract:	We propose a scanning low-coherence dual interferometery system that can accurately measure the optical thickness of hemispheric optical domes used as missile windows. The system has the unique capability to measure the optical thicknesses of individual layers within domes composed of multiple materials. The optical thickness map created during the scanning process is directly related to the wavefront transmission properties of the dome.

BREAULT RESEARCH ORGANIZATION 6400 E. Grant Road, Suite 350 Tucson, AZ 85715
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 721-0500 Dr. Matthew Dubin ARMY 05-151 Selected for Award
Title:	Transmitted Wavefront Metrology on Large Domes and Windows
Abstract:	There is a need for economical fabrication of hemispherical missile domes. An essential, and unsolved, part of the fabrication process is the fast and accurate measurement of the transmitted-wavefront error of the dome over its full aperture. In the proposal we describe in detail two different approaches to solving the transmitted-wavefront measurement problem. Key to both approaches is an innovative optical layout such that the required null optic is small and modest cost in one case and very low-cost in the other. Additionally, both approaches use variations of existing data reduction algorithms, which minimize the development risk. One approach uses interferometry to measure the entire aperture in double-pass without stitching and is configured in a manner that is relatively insensitive to alignment of the dome to the instrument. The second approach scans a small aperture of the dome using rotary motion measuring the wavefront tilt in double-pass and then integrating the data to obtain the transmitted wavefront. The goal of the proposed work is to evaluate the expected performance of the two concepts and to select the approach most likely to meet measurement performance, ease-of-use and cost requirements.

GENERAL SCIENCES, INC. 205 Schoolhouse Road Souderton, PA 18964
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 723-8588 Mr. Anthony Rozanski ARMY 05-152 Selected for Award
Title:	Frangible Penetrating Projectile Development
Abstract:	The United States is increasingly involved in conflicts occurring in urban areas, with the resultant increased possibility for unwanted collateral damage, to both civilians and infrastructure, such as buildings, by projectiles that miss their intended targets. General Sciences, Incorporated (GSI) proposes to address the need for safe, effective projectiles by designing and evaluating several versions of reactive projectiles that will have a pre-determined lifetime before self-destruct so as to prevent damage downrange given a miss on target. GSI will investigate several different approaches in the design of this type of projectile, including concepts involving high density modified metal composites and other concepts which will provide enhanced penetration of RAM cases and enhanced destruction of the target contents.

ARETE ASSOC. P.O. Box 6024 Sherman Oaks, CA 91413
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 571-8660 Dr. John Engel ARMY 05-153 Selected for Award
Title:	Battlefield Enviornment Laser Radar Modeling Tool
Abstract:	Due to advances in technology and decreasing costs, LADAR systems are becoming a more common tactical element of Future Combat Systems. This presents a need for developing approaches and processes that optimally exploit the use of LADAR sensors in the battlefield environment. Models and simulations of sensor performance in realistic scenarios are essential tools for developing these utilization processes. Aret� Associates proposes to develop a flexible, user-friendly modeling and simulation tool for high-fidelity LADAR performance assessments in a battlefield environment. This standalone software application will operate on standard PC platforms and will feature optimized C++ code designed around a modular architecture that supports high fidelity models with user-selectable fidelity/speed trade-offs. The simulation will feature realistic models of battlefield obscurants and clutter, such as fog, rain, smoke and foliage. It will provide the capability to conduct trade studies involving target acquisition performance including the effects due to weather, countermeasures, and battlefield obscurants and clutter. Performance measures such as range error and signal-to-noise ratio will be calculated. The tool will prove valuable for analyzing the effectiveness of LIDAR sensors in tactical UAV and missile systems, for example.

WAVEFRONT RESEARCH, INC. 616 West Broad Street Bethlehem, PA 18018
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 974-8977 Mr. Thomas A. Mitchell ARMY 05-154 Selected for Award
Title:	Smaller, Lighter, Cheaper: An F/0.9 Compact Un-Cooled MWIR + LWIR Dual-Band Imager
Abstract:	The primary goals of this Phase I effort are to investigate, develop, and characterize a series of compact, lightweight, MWIR + LWIR dual-band imaging sensors enabled by an optically fast innovative design form and to develop an opto-mechanical waveband selection system to allow the user the capability to select between the MWIR only, LWIR only, and full BBIR spectral wavebands. The optical and mechanical properties of these systems, including light gathering capability, spatial resolution, optical distortion, and other system parameters will be modeled and characterized. It is a further goal to identify an appropriate choice for a broadband MWIR + LWIR un-cooled detector and its accompanying electronics package for use in the feasibility demonstration system that will be fabricated and characterized in the Phase II effort.

INFOSCITEX CORP. 303 Bear Hill Road Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 890-1338 Mr. John Player ARMY 05-155 Selected for Award
Title:	Electroactive Polymer Based Strategically Tuned Absolutely Resilient Structures (STARS)
Abstract:	There is a need for a new generation of aerodynamic structures that have greater flight envelope capabilities with significantly better efficiency and damage recovery characteristics but yet are still cost effective to manufacture. Several attempts have been made to make more revolutionary advances in aerodynamic structures in the last decade. Significant funding has been made available through DARPA, NASA and the Air Force in the Smart and Morphing Wing programs leading to innovative new concepts as well as successful initial demonstrations. However, none of these programs have integrated the full range of innovative characteristics requested by the Army and MDA in this topic. Infoscitex (IST) is proposing to address this opportunity by developing a novel integrated materials system that can enable aircraft-realistic structurally tuned absolutely resilient structures (STARS). IST is developing a novel electroactive polymer resin system that will allow the incorporation of intrinsic aeroelastic and self healing properties into carbon fiber prepreg. This new material can then be actuated and shaped with modest power requirements substantially reducing the weight that would otherwise be required by conventional flight control mechanisms. Team member, Northrop Grumman Integrated Systems, will be providing guidance in the design phase of the Phase I program.

NEXTGEN AERONAUTICS 2780 Skypark Drive, Suite 400 Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 626-8636 Dr. Terrisa Duenas ARMY 05-155 Selected for Award
Title:	Next Generation of Agile Self-Healing Strategically Tuned Resilient Composites (NASSTIC)
Abstract:	NextGen Aeronautics, a company known for morphing structures development and has core competency in multifunctional structures proposes a novel combination of load carrying morphing and self-healing composite structures. For the proposed research on highly resilient, damage tolerant, fatigue resistant self-healing morphing structures, NextGen team's strength lies in the related prior work, in-depth understanding of morphing and tuned compliant structures, self-healing polymers, and advanced composites as well as an established history transferring R&D efforts into higher technology readiness levels (TRLs) for integration onto military platforms. NextGen will team with Dr. Ajit Mal of UCLA to incorporate his work on thermally re-mendable cross-linked polymer materials. We will define a morphing and self-healing structural concept with traceability to a system level application in Phase I. We will demonstrate the feasibility of concept by coupon level testing and a component level testing in Phases I and II, respectively. Feasibility of the concept including energy conversion efficiency, material and manufacturing costs, self healing requirements and reliability of the structure. We will also address technology transition issues such as cost benefit analysis, suitability of manufacturing process for production, as well as cost/yield analysis.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Tin Aye ARMY 05-156 Selected for Award
Title:	Affordable Multimode Seeker Dome Integration Technology
Abstract:	To address the Army need for technology to cost-effectively manufacture multilayer domes for multimode seeker applications, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Layered Affordable Multimode seeker Dome Assembly (LAMDA) technology. This technology includes a specially selected solventless, low-viscosity, two-component epoxy as a bonding material and a tool - Accurate Laser Dynamic Dome Integrating (ALADDIN), to be a developed implanating bonding of the two layers of the seeker dome together with using dynamic mechanical support under pressure at elevated temperature between the layers. The precision of bonding the layer is monitored in real-time with a laser sensor. The process cost-effectively integrates domes for tri-mode seekers, combining infrared imaging sensors, lasers, and millimeter-wave sensors/radar. Its advantages are low manufacturing cost, resulting from high yield and a simple process; automation of the process; and fewer steps. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the technology by assembling a batch of two-layer structures, designing the ALADDIN tool, and assembling and experimentally testing it. In Phase II POC plans to finalize development of automated tooling for spherical shapes and to demonstrate a prototype of the assembly.

SURMET CORP. 33 B Street Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(716) 875-4091 Mr. Thomas Mroz ARMY 05-156 Selected for Award
Title:	Novel, Low Cost Fabrication Method for Multiseeker Domes with Integrated Metal Grid
Abstract:	The current method used to produce domes for multimode seeker optics is to bond dome shells together with specialized adhesives following metal gridding on one inner surface. This is an expensive and time consuming process, and is not particularly suited to manufacturability. In particular, redundant machining steps are required to facilitate maximum optical transmission in this design. Additionally, the use of an organic bonding agent introduces a potential weak point in the design, because of concerns over optical, thermal cycling and/or aging issues. We propose herein a method by which a composite dome can be produced using a ceramic bonding agent. This technology would eliminate redundant machining steps and eliminate concerns related to organic bonding agents. Additionally, the envisioned process steps follow on existing ceramic production methods that are currently employed in production processes in other industries.

VISTALLER TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1231 Norman Place Los Angeles, CA 90049
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 472-0923 Ms. Margaret C. Chiang ARMY 05-157 Selected for Award
Title:	Real-Time Panoramic Viewer
Abstract:	Vistaller Technologies, Inc. proposes a Phase I project to carry out the research aimed at developing a novel real-time panoramic video viewer for live tele-immersive applications. The overall goal of this effort is to establish the feasibility of two different novel panoramic video viewers that can present panoramic videos in a real-time, live fashion. In our systems, the computational bottleneck is removed by replacing most of the computational procedures by optical procedures. This elimination of the computational bottleneck enables the viewer to be live, real-time, and low cost. Furthermore, the viewer has the same large FOV of the imager. Both the size of the viewing room and the focal point of the system can be varied without changing either the horizontal or the vertical FOV. This leads to quick and easy setup and low operating cost of the system. These advantages combined promise a simple, yet powerful, wireless real-time panoramic video imaging and viewing system that can be made at lost cost in compact sizes to allow deployment in the battle field, in addition to many other military and civilian applications.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5245 Dr. Vikram Manikonda ARMY 05-158 Selected for Award
Title:	An Integrated and Extensible Cost Evaluation and Simulation System
Abstract:	We propose an innovative cost evaluation methodology for missile development and manufacturing, based on an integrated cost model, a plug-and-play software architecture, and a distributed infrastructure of computation and simulation. Our methodology has three unique contributions. First, our integrated cost model is a systematical approach that utilizes the most-updated cost data and selects the right cost model for each individual component based on the available parameters and historical data. Second, the plug-and-play architecture provides the flexibility and extensibility for the cost model library so that the cost models developed in the future can be easily involved. Third, our distributed infrastructure will enable our system to be easily integrated with AMRDEC distributed architecture through remote interfaces, and furthermore provide a framework to conduct cost evaluation and simulation using distributed computation. The ultimate objective of this proposal is the creation of a cost evaluation system that can be placed on the web to enable wide accessibility and continuous improvement.

NEXTGEN AERONAUTICS 2780 Skypark Drive, Suite 400 Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 626-8374 Dr. Akhilesh K. Jha ARMY 05-158 Selected for Award
Title:	Cost and Weight Optimization of a Missile Using a Genetic Algorithm
Abstract:	NextGen Aeronautics and TeamVision Corporation propose developing a Cost Estimation Module in order to incorporate cost data at the design stage of a product development. The Cost Estimation Module which will have three main functionalities: 1) grouping the components of a system in the two major categories (parts made from machining process and commercially available parts), 2) Estimate the cost of milling parts based upon material, size, machining process, tolerance, surface finish, complexity of features, and tooling time, and setup time, and 3) Find the list of commercially available parts that conforms to the given specifications and present its cost, vendor list, weight, grade level, and volume. Therefore, Cost Estimation Module will be product specific because, it is impossible to conceive a list of universally applicable cost functions. For example, cost of the parts involved in building a missile would be very different from that of a refrigerator. However, the goal will be to develop a generic architecture, which can be easily adopted for different types of product with some extra investment. In Phase I and II efforts, we will focus primarily on the missile design. Further effort will be made to include the Cost Estimation Module with the ongoing structural design optimization. To this end, the Cost Estimation Module will provide the options available to the Optimization Module. Using a genetic algorithm-based search, Optimization Module will come up design alternatives that will be fed to the Analysis Module, which will find out the performance of the system. Optimization will simultaneously be performed on the performance (e.g. weight) and cost of the final product. The module developed during this work will have its functionalities exposed via Application Programming Interfaces so that it can be easily connected with other programs. We will exploit the parallel architecture of a genetic algorithm to distribute the tasks over a networked computer operating on different platforms. This will lead to making the modules platform-independent. To this end, we will use Python to develop cross-platform compatible modules.

COMBUSTION RESEARCH & FLOW TECHNOLOGY, INC. 6210 Keller's Church Road Pipersville, PA 18947
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 766-1520 Mr. Donald C. Kenzakowski, Jr. ARMY 05-159 Selected for Award
Title:	Optimized Numerics for Missile Aero-Propulsive Flow Modeling on Massive Clustered Computational Resources
Abstract:	High-fidelity flowfield simulations of US Army interest for tactical and hypersonic missile aeropropulsive applications require replacement of simplified modeling approximations with more accurate but complex formulations. These improvements have incurred significant computational cost through use of higher-order numerics, dense computational meshes, and advanced turbulent and thermochemistry models with disparate time-scales that introduce additional non-linear transport equations and numerical stiffness issues. Software-based optimizations are needed to improve simulation throughput for system design parametric studies and evaluation purposes. Use of massively parallel computer clusters can extend simulation capability to 3D flowfields but alone cannot address the performance issue; innovative algorithm improvements are needed to complement available hardware resources. The opportunity presented seeks to significantly boost simulation output, without compromising accuracy, using automated dynamic load balancing techniques for parallel systems that compensate for non-uniform computational work distributions from varying physical processes (chemistry, particulate interactions) across the domain. Additionally, improved convergence algorithms are proposed to facilitate use of advanced thermochemistry and turbulence models in an efficient manner and to exploit differing time-stepping requirements through adaptive implicit algorithm selection.

PERL RESEARCH LLC 3058 Leeman Ferry Rd., Suite B Huntsville, AL 35801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 885-0077 Mr. Paul G. Cox ARMY 05-160 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	A Continuous Intelligent Health-Status Monitoring Device
Abstract:	Real time monitoring of patients with traumatic injuries is essential for determination of triage categories, evacuation priority, and required interventions. A portable, non-invasive monitoring device can provide significant field information for first responders and significantly improve survivability by estimating a patient's real-time status and prognosis. In order to facilitate real-time assessment of traumatic injuries, PERL Research proposes the development of a noninvasive wireless portable device running an expert system for real-time, continuous estimation of a patient's health status - STAT-MON (Status Monitor). The device will be based on a configurable model of an autonomous nervous system that will be automatically configured to a given user during initial measurement, and used to track deterioration of user's state in multidimensional feature space and physiological compensation to hemorrhage. The main input to the system will be parameters of heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure, breathing, and baroreflex sensitivity. The system will be used to characterize the low-frequency oscillations (Mayer waves) of heart rate variability and blood pressure created as a result of the decreased central blood volume.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Mr. Naibing Ma ARMY 05-160 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Physiological Signal Analyzer for Continuous Monitoring of Changes in Pulse Pressure, Heart Rate Variability, and Baroreflex Sensitivity
Abstract:	To enhance the survivability of injured and wounded soldiers, the U.S. Army requires a portable, noninvasive device for continuous monitoring of changes in pulse pressure, heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity. Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Physiological Signal Analyzer (PSA) for continuous monitoring of Pulse Pressure Variation (PPV), Heart Rate Variability (HRV), and Baroreflex Sensitivity (BRS) to meet that need. Our PSA design is based on noninvasive electrocardiogram sensors and photoplethymograph, combined with wireless technology for real-time monitoring of patient status by acquiring, processing, recording, and analyzing data. With continuous real-time data provided by the PSA, the first responder will have an earlier indication of injury severity and patient status. In addition to use in prognosis and triage, the PSA generates an alarm signal if patient status begins to deteriorate and immediate life-saving intervention is necessary. Compact, lightweight, battery-powered, and easy to use, the PSA system is suitable for conditions from base hospital to remote battlefield. In Phase I POC will demonstrate PSA feasibility by developing a laboratory prototype. In Phase II POC plans to build a preproduction prototype and to test its performance in hospital trauma centers.

SARCOS RESEARCH CORP. 360 Wakara Way Salt Lake City, UT 84108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(801) 581-0155 Dr. Tomasz J. Petelenz ARMY 05-161 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Development of Advanced Military Prosthetic Shoulder System
Abstract:	Sarcos Research Corporation proposes to develop a high performance, ActiveShoulderTM military prosthetic system that will enable integration of upper extremity prostheses for performing, to the maximum extent possible, the basic functions of a natural arm. ActiveShoulderTM will be designed for an anatomical range of motions and physiological loads, permitting functional performance exceeding that of presently available devices. The prosthesis will be designed for gleno-humeral level (shoulder disarticulation) amputees and will enable a high level of physical activity and control. The system will consist of inter-compatible modules designed for attachment to the body and for achieving amputee-controlled motions of the humerus with required performance in terms of strength, speed, range of motion, endurance, fit and maneuverability as well as aesthetic appearance and grace of movements. Phase 1 will focus on the development of system specifications document and kinematic and dynamic analyses that will precede engineering design of the prosthesis. In Phase 1 Option, Sarcos will assemble and demonstrate the feasibility of key design features of the arm, and in Phase 2 the team will focus on the design, testing and regulatory approval of the proposed system.

CLEVELAND MEDICAL DEVICES, INC. 4415 Euclid Ave, 4th Floor Cleveland, OH 44103
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(216) 791-6720 Dr. Mo H. Modarres ARMY 05-162 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Ambulatory, Miniaturized, Automatic EEG Seizure Detector
Abstract:	This program will develop an ambulatory, miniaturized, EEG acquisition/analysis device that will be capable of automatic and real-time detection of seizure activity including non-convulsive status epilepticus. The miniaturized EEG device, based on CleveMed's state-of-the art ambulatory EEG technology, measures 1.3" x .9" x .3" and weighs a mere .42 oz. Convenient and fast EEG acquisition is achieved by an elastic headband with attached physiological no-preparation "dry" electrodes. The EEG analysis and automatic seizure detection algorithms will be based on a novel combination of two high-resolution and computationally efficient seizure identification/prediction techniques that are currently being finalized in our company supported by separate grants from National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). The ambulatory system will also utilize the EEG artifact removal technology that is being developed under another grant from NINDS. A computationally efficient implementation of these algorithms will be embedded in the PDA which will display the raw EEG as well as a continuously updated "Seizure Detection Index". The developed system will be evaluated at the Neurology department of the Cleveland Clinic with pre-recorded seizure data from epileptic patients (using a patient simulator) as well as with actual patients undergoing long-term term EEG monitoring.

INTRAGRAPHIX, LLC 1941 East Ramona Ave Salt Lake City, UT 84108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(801) 440-0502 Mr. Kenneth Shane Guillory ARMY 05-162 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Field Deployable Electroencephalogram (EEG) for Assessing Nonconvulsive Seizures
Abstract:	The goal of this program is to produce a small disposable forehead patch for quickly detecting non-convulsive seizures in an unconscious patient. The patch device will include a small coin battery, surface electrodes, EEG processing electronics, and LED indicators. The patch is activated by removing the adhesive backing tab, and once applied it will display seizure status for several hours as the patient is stabilized and moved to a treatment facility.

QUANTUM APPLIED SCIENCE & RESEARCH, INC. 5764 Pacific Center Blvd, Suite 107 San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 373-0832 Dr. Robert Matthews ARMY 05-163 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Wearable, Low Power Ballistic Impact Detection System
Abstract:	It is well known that quick medical response is crucial to effective treatment of trauma victims. A system that could alert medical personnel to ballistic impacts experienced by warfighters would greatly facilitate their treatment. Quantum Applied Science & Research, Inc. (QUASAR) proposes to build upon existing work done at Walter Reed Army Institute of Medicine (WRAIR) on ballistic impact detection with piezoelectric sensors to produce a Digital Wound Detection (DWD) system for integration into existing warfighter platforms. This system will feature sophisticated algorithms to provide information about the event such as discrimination between blast and impact, and determination whether bones are broken or exit wounds occurred. The system will be optimized for small size and low power consumption, and offer the flexibility to allow it to be integrated with future warfighter platforms. In Phase I, QUASAR would work with signal processing experts Pacific Development to define a system concept, develop algorithms for discrimination of impact events, establish hardware needs, assemble a system architecture and construct a prototype device. Phase II would consist of optimization of the system for size, power, output, and other parameters to be defined in consultation with the sponsor in order to best meet the military's needs.

SARCOS RESEARCH CORP. 360 Wakara Way Salt Lake City, UT 84108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(801) 581-0155 Dr. Tomasz J. Petelenz ARMY 05-163 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Digital Wound Detection System with Novel Ballistic Impact Sensor
Abstract:	Sarcos Research Corporation proposes the development of signal and data processing system for the MRMC-developed acoustic wound detector (WD) for soldiers. The data interpretation system will be capable of detecting the impact and the location of the wound and will become an integral part of a physiological monitoring system in the next generation warfighter platform. The proposed novel method of ballistic impact detection will enable an ultra-low-power, very short latency wounding detection, as well as wound location determination system. Phase 1 of the project will focus on demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed approach using a full set of available experimental data, as well as a computer based-simulation of the proposed sensor design. As the result of Phase 1 effort, initial engineering design of the proposed system will be completed. Phase 2 of the project will accomplish the full system design, prototyping, integration with the MRMC acoustic WD sensor, and testing by the Sponsor. At the conclusion of the project, the WD system will be ready for field testing and manufacturing.

NOMADICS, INC. 1024 S. Innovation Way Stillwater, OK 74074
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(405) 372-9535 Dr. Shaopeng Wang ARMY 05-164 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Rapid Cell-based Toxicity Sensor Using Intergrated Micro Ring-resonators as Signal Transducer
Abstract:	The goal of the proposed research is to develop a highly sensitive, portable, vertebrate cell-based sensor for rapid detection of toxic chemicals in water that can be used as a standalone device or can be integrated into the ESB system. The key technological innovation that will be employed is a unique photonic element called a microring resonator (MR) as signal transducer, which undergoes a measurable change in resonant wavelength when light interacts with adsorbed mass, such as a living cell. As cell volume changes rapidly upon exposure to toxic chemicals, by attaching cells to microring resonators, the volumetric change of the cells will cause refractive index changes nearby the ring resonators that can be detected very sensitively by the ring resonators. In Phase I we will construct a ring resonator testing system and conduct research on selected cell lines and monitor three different toxic chemicals in water to provide a proof of concept demonstration. This will be achieved by performing the following objectives: 1) Build a bench top microring resonator testing system, 2) Culture selected cell lines and attach these cells to the microring resonators, 3) Test the cell based microring resonator sensing system with three selected toxic chemicals

ISIS PHARMACEUTICALS 1896 Rutherford Road Carlsbad, CA 92008
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 603-2559 Dr. Ray Ranken ARMY 05-165 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	TIGER Biosensor for Broad Viral Detection and Genetically Engineered Microbes
Abstract:	We propose to adapt the TIGER universal biosensor to identify viruses present in blood samples. The advantages of the TIGER biosensor include: (1) rapid analysis of a sample; (2) a high, continuous throughput rate; (3) ability to identify and phylogenetically classify a heretofore unknown virus; (4) the power to strain-type a virus when strain specific sequence data are available for the species, and (5) ability to simultaneously identify the presence of multiple viral agents in a sample and report the quantity of each. Further, a modified TIGER protocol can also be used to detect presence of genetically modified viruses. These features make TIGER the ideal universal virus identification system for blood supply monitoring for the army. While expanding the scope of organisms routinely screened in donated blood has great value in its own right, the crucial benefit from this proposal will be to provide the army with the ability to assure the safety and security of the blood supply during rapidly developing crisis situations due to a newly emerging infectious disease or a bioterrorist attack

NOMADICS, INC. 1024 S. Innovation Way Stillwater, OK 74074
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(405) 372-9535 Dr. Akhilesh Ramachandran ARMY 05-165 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Fluorescence-based Multiplexed Universal Virus Detection Platform
Abstract:	The aim of this study is to develop a multiplexed virus detection platform capable of detecting within three hours the presence of any known virus, genetically modified virus or unidentified virus, in clinical samples like serum. A PCR based technique will be employed to identify the presence of unique viral sequences. In its ultimate form, the proposed system will encompass a simple and rapid sample preparation step followed by PCR, fluorophore tagging (using a highly stable and novel amplifying fluorescent polymer), and hybridization to a virus-specific oligonucleotide microarray printed on the cap of a PCR tube. The system will also allow for the cloning and subsequent sequencing of nucleic acids to establish the presence of unknown viruses. This diagnostic platform will find applications in screening banked blood for the presence of viruses, detecting the presence of unnatural (mutated) viruses used as bio-warfare agents, and detecting the presence of latent viruses in the human system. In Phase 1 we will perform the following objectives: 1) Standardize and optimize the PCR, 2) Test and optimize the sample preparation protocol, 3) Fabricate microarrays, 4) Optimize microarray hybridization, 5) Clone and sequence PCR products, and 6) Evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the assay.

GENACO BIOMEDICAL PRODUCTS, INC. 2707 Artie Street Building 100, Suite 20 Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 704-4874 Dr. Jian Han ARMY 05-166 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Development of a "High-Throughput Molecular Differentiation Device."
Abstract:	Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a well-established molecular diagnostic method. The use of PCR for molecular differential diagnosis, however, requires multiplex capability (i.e. the ability to amplify multiple pathogen targets in a single reaction). Genaco has developed a proprietary technology, Target enriched multiplex PCR (Tem-PCR), that allows for specific, sensitive, multiplex PCR and has combined it with the Luminex xMAP technology. The Luminex xMAP technology platform can detect and differentiate up to 100 molecular targets. With the integration of this platform and Tem-PCR, we have established a molecular differential diagnostic system that is capable of detecting multiple microorganisms in a rapid, single assay format. The Genaco Tem-PCR method is highly specific and sensitive and does not require post-PCR cleanup or post-hybridization washes. These features make it possible to fully automate the assays, resulting in a high-throughput system which can analyze hundreds of samples per day. In collaboration with the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the U.S. Military, Genaco has already successfully developed panels for respiratory infections, encephalitis, foodborne diseases, and hospital acquired infections. For Phase I of this SBIR project, we propose to develop a system that detects up to 20 pathogens that are of military significance.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Photonic Systems Division, 20600 Gramercy Place, B Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Gregory Zeltser ARMY 05-166 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Dielectrophoretic Raman Scattering Biosensor
Abstract:	To address the U.S. Army need for a diagnostic system capable of simultaneously detecting and identifying up to 100 militarily relevant pathogens/targets, including viruses, bacteria, protozoan parasites, and rickettsia, in a single process from human blood or serum samples, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop an innovative label-free and reagent-free Dielectrophoretic Raman Scattering Biosensor (DIRASBI) system. This concept is based on the integration of dielectrophoresis and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to separate, detect, and identify the SERS fingerprint of each pathogen. The reliable, single-path, DIRASBI system will return results in ~20 minutes. Clinicians can use these results to diagnose infectious agents causing human disease. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of DIRASBI by fabricating the prototype and demonstrating its capability to detect 11 pathogens selected and provided by Walter Reed Army Institute of Research with sensitivity and specificity of >95%. In Phase II POC will optimize the DIRASBI design and performance, and demonstrate its capability to simultaneously detect and identify up to 100 pathogens/targets in a whole blood sample in a single tube. Sensitivity and specificity of the assay are expected to be >98% for a panel of 500 blind samples containing known pathogens.

LYNNTECH, INC. 7607 Eastmark Drive, Suite 102 College Station, TX 77840
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(979) 693-0017 Dr. Anthony Giletto ARMY 05-167 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	A Small, Portable, and Powerless Sterilization System for Medical/Dental Instruments
Abstract:	The U.S. military has a significant need to sterilize medical and dental instruments in environments where standard non-portable, power-consuming sterilization methods are limited and/or unavailable. Lynntech proposes to develop a small, light-weight, and powerless steam sterilization system for field use. The system includes small, disposable heating/cooling cartridges that exploit well-known exothermic and endothermic reactions. Once initiated, the cartridge heats the instruments to the required sterilization temperature and after the appropriate amount of time has elapsed, an endothermic cooling reaction is automatically triggered within the cartridge to cool the instruments to a usable temperature, thus minimizing sterilization cycle time. In Phase I, we will select optimal exothermic and endothermic reactions based on the weight-energy ratio, cost, safety, and environmental considerations, as well as demonstrate the sterilization of instruments inoculated with the standard FDA test organisms, B. atrophaeus and G. stearothermophilus spores. In Phase II, we will assemble a deployable prototype sterilization system optimized for performance, size, weight, and ruggedness in accordance with feedback from the COTR. The development of the system and associated experiments will be performed in accordance with FDA's 510(k) application submission requirements which will facilitate the transition of the technology to a suitable Phase III partner.

MAINSTREAM ENGINEERING CORP. 200 Yellow Place, Pines Industrial Center Rockledge, FL 32955
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 631-3550 Dr. Dwight D Back ARMY 05-167 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Demonstration and Optimization of a Self-Contained PSS
Abstract:	The military has an on-going need to post troops for long periods of time in austere and remote world-wide where power and clean water are difficult to obtain. At these locations, there is still the need to disinfect and sterilize medical or dental instruments where autoclaves are not possible to carry or are logistically impractical. A light-weight, small volume, and portable device is needed to provide sterilization. An effective Portable Sterilization System (PSS) will allow surgical/dental procedures to be performed with as-sterilized instruments to enhance the medical care capabilities of far-forward and theater medical care units. A chemical method of creating the steam would eliminate the need for power and keep the total weight and volume of the sterilization device small. The chemical sterilization device must be safe and storable for one year, and environmentally friendly. The Phase I and Phase I Option will optimize the chemical system component based on steam generation kinetics, temperature control, and microorganism efficacy, and also deign and fabricate a passively operated PSS. Mainstream has successfully designed a related system for NASA's SCAPE suits. Phase II will optimize the PSS design and field test.

TDA RESEARCH, INC. 12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 940-2331 Dr. Bryan M. Smith ARMY 05-167 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Chemically Heated Field Autoclave
Abstract:	A portable sterilizer for medical and dental instruments is needed to enhance forward medical capabilities. Because current tabletop autoclaves draw in excess of 1000 watts of electrical power, a large and heavy supporting electrical generator is needed to power the autoclave. In designing a replacement technology for field use, light weight is desired but ruggedness and low power consumption are especially important. Furthermore, as a practical matter, the Army and other Services will only use medical sterilizers registered by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), so regulatory approval must be considered early in the analysis of potential new technologies. TDA Research, Inc. therefore proposes to develop a chemically heated field autoclave that requires no external power and that will have the maximum probability of gaining FDA approval as a sterilizer for medical instruments. In Phase I, we will design the field autoclave and it's control system, then construct and test a prototype.

CHEMIMAGE CORP. 7301 Penn Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15208
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(412) 241-7335 Dr. Charles Gardner Jr. ARMY 05-168 Awarded: 10NOV05
Title:	Raman Bio Identification (RBI) Robot
Abstract:	We propose to demonstrate the feasibility of a government-validated a Raman Bio Identification (RBI) reagentless detection system that can be mounted onto a JAUS-compliant UGV and taken directly to the incident area to evaluate soil, water and surface biowarfare agent contamination. Bringing the sensor to the sample minimizes problems associated with sampling, such as cross-contamination and potential personnel exposure to hazardous chemical or biological materials. Moreover, reagentless, multi-use, broad-spectrum Raman detection offers clear advantages over immunoassay and DNA-based biological detection strategies, especially when configured for use on an unmanned vehicle. The proposed RBI Robot effort combines the unique technology capabilities of organizations that are leaders in their respective fields. As the prime contractor and a leading innovator in the field of Raman sensing for biodetection, ChemImage Corporation brings a history of success managing teams for government-funded programs. The proposed detection system builds upon ChemImage's experience and expertise developing Raman spectroscopic detection technology, which has been validated in several US Government-sponsored test programs. Applied Perception provides the solid foundation of the integration of sensors (camera, laser, sonar, radar, GPS) with sophisticated perception, planning and control software to provide robust solutions to product-driven problems.

CONJUGON, INC. 505 S. Rosa Road, Suite 29 Madison, WI 53719
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(608) 441-2794 Dr. Hideki Suzuki ARMY 05-170 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Fundamentally New Therapeutic for the Treatment of Acinetobacter Baumannii Wound Infections
Abstract:	An increasing number of infections caused by the pathogenic and multi-drug-resistant bacterium Acinetobacter baumannii has been reported in patients at military medical facilities in which service members were injured in the Iraq/Kuwait region during Operation Iraqi Freedom and in Afghanistan during Operation Enduring Freedom. Due to their drug resistance, these infections have been difficult to treat. ConjuGon is developing a fundamentally new antibacterial technology that is able to kill virtually all Gram negative pathogens, regardless of their antibiotic resistance. We have extensive in vitro and in vivo data demonstrating the ability of this technology to effectively kill multi- and pan-resistant bacteria such as A. baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ConjuGon is developing a topical antibacterial product, based on this technology, to be used to treat large wound infections such as those affecting military personnel.

RMR TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 4207 University Drive Coral Gables, FL 33146
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(813) 974-3065 Dr. Melinda Lee Lucas ARMY 05-171 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Enhanced DNA Vaccine Delivery to Protect Against Biothreat Agents
Abstract:	The long-term goal of RMR is to develop an efficient delivery platform for DNA vaccines to confer protection against infectious agents with bioterrorism potential such as Bacillus anthracis. Safe and effective vaccines for B. anthracis are needed to prevent the mortality associated with anthrax in the absence of rapid diagnosis and treatment. We believe that genetic vaccination provides a superior and safer method for infectious disease antigen presentation than conventional antigen-based approaches. The research proposed here will examine the effectiveness of delivering plasmid DNA encoding for spore proteins and/or protective antigen to establish a vaccine that will be a valuable resource for protecting against B. anthracis infections/outbreaks. Electroporation will be the delivery platform utilized. In addition, we will evaluate a new proprietary electrode applicator developed at the University of South Florida and exclusively licensed by RMR Technologies, LLC that can efficiently deliver DNA vaccines to the skin while significantly reducing or eliminating the discomfort associated with pulse administration. The use of spore proteins as the candidate antigens is an important aspect to the protection conferred by this vaccine. Including PA with a spore protein could result in protection at different stages of infection, subsequently offering more complete protection from disease.

VITAL PROBES, INC. 1300 Old Plank Road Mayfield, PA 18433
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(570) 281-2505 Dr. Vito DelVecchio ARMY 05-171 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Enhanced DNA Vaccine Delivery to Protect Against Biothreat Agents
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing bacterial ghosts (BG) with internally immobilized DNA minicircles as an enhanced non-viral DNA vaccine and delivery system. Current methodologies for delivering DNA vaccines are either inefficient, do not target the appropriate cell types, contain unnecessary genetic elements or fail to elicit a protective immune response in the absence of a protein antigen boost. BG are non-living bacterial envelopes. BG deliver DNA constructs and/or protein antigens to a wide variety of cell types, including dendritic cells and macrophages and do not require the addition of adjuvant to induce an immune response. DNA minicircles contain only the necessary promoter and gene elements for a vaccine candidate protein and can be attached to the interior of BG. Both BG and DNA minicircles can be easily modified to include a mixture of different ORFs for use as a multi-agent or multi-lifestage vaccine. In this proposal, BG will be created containing immobilized DNA minicircles with the gene sequences for Bacillus anthracis Protective Antigen (PA) and the Yersinia pestis F1 capsule. Mice will undergo a scheduled vaccination scheme and subsequent antibody and cellular mediated immune responses as well as protein expression will be assessed.

SIMQUEST INTERNATIONAL LLC 1010 Wayne Avenue, Suite 940 Silver Spring, MD 20910
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 587-9440 Dr. Howard R. Champion ARMY 05-172 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Compartment Syndrome Simulator
Abstract:	Diagnosis and treatment of lower-extremity compartment syndrome following traumatic injury is of particular importance in battlefield situations like Operation Iraqi Freedom, in which improvised explosive devices cause frequent percussive fragment injury to the legs. This sequela of injury is a significant source of morbidity among U.S. forces, causing the Trauma Consultant to the Surgeon General of the U.S. Army to state that proper treatment of compartment syndrome is the number one trauma need for deployed surgeons. SimQuest herein proposes to build the first simulation system to teach medical personnel recognition and management of compartment syndrome using top-of-the-line military, civilian and technological experts. The goal of this Phase I proposal is to initiate the process by which analysis, design, construction, and evaluation of a desktop immersion system for the teaching of compartment syndrome diagnosis and treatment can be implemented. Phase II will entail development and testing of features and a validation study for objective determination of transfer of training. Designed to augment SimQuest's PC-based open surgical skills simulator, SimQuest's compartment syndrome simulator will teach the skills necessary to identify and relieve trauma-based compartment syndrome within the time constraints of field medicine.

SIMULUTION, INC. 16173 Main Avenue Prior Lake, MN 55372
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 447-1954 Dr. Bruce D. Anderson ARMY 05-172 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Integrated Lower Extremity Trauma Simulator
Abstract:	Simulution Inc. proposes to work with Melerit Medical AB of Sweden to expand the capabilities of TraumaVision, our fractured femur simulator, to include simulation training in the diagnosis and care of lower extremity compartment syndrome. Our goal is to develop TraumaVision into an integrated lower extremity trauma simulator that allows training in realistic scenarios where compartment syndrome is coupled with other traumatic injuries. In this Phase I Program we will demonstrate the feasibility of expanding this simulator. The expanded TraumaVision simulator will be a part-task trainer that integrates physical models and virtual reality (VR) technology. The physical model will allow the trainee to palpate the leg, bend the toe and ankle joints, and check pulses to diagnose compartment syndrome without VR headsets and data gloves. The VR simulation will allow the user to make incisions, insert catheters to measure compartment pressures, and perform fasciotomies. The simulator will also integrate new technologies for treating compartment syndrome that can alleviate the need for fasciotomy. A validation assessment of the Phase I additions to TraumaVision will be completed. A didactic educational curriculum will also be outlined.

TOUCH OF LIFE TECHNOLOGIES 12635 East Montview Boulevard, Suite 100 Aurora, CO 80010
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 724-0514 Dr. Karl D. Reinig ARMY 05-172 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Compartment Syndrome Simulator
Abstract:	ToLTech will design a realistic and adaptive, virtual reality based simulator for training diagnostic and surgical skills related to Compartment Syndrome. The simulator will use haptic and graphic display to give the student the experience of feeling and seeing the interaction of virtual tools, including scalpels, forceps, retractors, and fingers with the virtual patient. The simulated patients will be derived from the Visible Human and will present a variety of symptoms related to CS. Multiple modalities including x-ray, fluoroscopy, ultrasound and transparency will be used to interrogate the virtual patients. The simulator will be combined with a Mentor program that will guide and test the development of the student. This training tool can be used and reused in a learner-centered environment and utilized at the user's pace and time. A full curriculum for a wide variety of CS related scenarios will be provided in the Phase II portion of this grant. Milestone demonstrations of the fidelity of the virtual anatomy and virtual tools will be available during the Phase I portion of the grant as well. In addition, one full lesson related to diagnosis of CS will be demonstrated by the Mentor program during the phase I.

MICRO ANALYSIS & DESIGN, INC. 4949 Pearl East Circle, Suite 300 Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 442-6947 Ms. Angelia Sebok ARMY 05-174 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Deployment Web-Based Interface Tool
Abstract:	This proposal describes the design of a web-based system for gathering, collecting, and disseminating lessons learned. The proposed system will be built with a user-centered design approach which includes interviewing users to identify problems with the current system used by Army Medical Command and defining requirements for the new system. In addition, our approach includes usability testing and iterative prototype design, to ensure an effective solution. The new system will include web-based tools allowing users to easily and securely enter and access information. A main feature of the proposed system is the use of a fully-automated machine-learning technique called Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) to facilitate information searches. This technique allows users to find information that is related in meaning rather than keywords. Our proposed approach is divided into a set of logical, progressive steps. In Phase I we will analyze the existing system, gather user requirements, and identify the database architecture. At the end of Phase I, a demonstration prototype will be delivered. The Phase I Option will be used for further software development planning. In Phase II, the system will be developed into a working prototype, usability tests will be performed, and a final prototype will be built.

CHLOROGEN, INC. 893 N. WARSON ROAD ST. LOUIS, MO 63141
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(314) 812-8045 Dr. David Corbin ARMY 05-175 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Chloroplast production of hantaviral antigens for development of hantaviral infection diagnostic tests.
Abstract:	The purpose of this proposed research is to develop a rapid field test system for detection of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) infection in humans and rodents using a lateral-flow immunoassay. This assay will have a broad technical impact in that it can be used in animal laboratories interested in ascertaining if their mice or rats have hantavirus (validation), in clinical laboratories in outbreak areas around the globe, in military settings where soldiers are at high risk for exposure, in the evaluation of vaccines for clinical trials for human use, and finally in research laboratories focused on epidemiology or ecology of the virus in humans or rodents. In collaboration with USAMRIID, Dr. Jonsson (Southern Research Institute) has focused on producing recombinant antigens for diagnosis of HFRS-causing hantaviruses. These antigens have proven to be particularly difficult to make in traditional bacterial expression systems. Using chloroplast transformation technology, Chlorogen, Inc.will extend and complement Dr. Jonsson's efforts to develop new and improved antigens produced in plants that can be used in assays to detect HFRS and HPS-causing hantaviruses.

KUEHNLE AGROSYSTEMS CO. LLC 2800 Woodlawn Drive, Suite 281 Honolulu, HI 96822
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 753-2693 Dr. Michele Champagne ARMY 05-175 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Chloroplast Genetic Engineering to Produce Diagnostic Antigens and Vaccines
Abstract:	Plant chloroplasts are capable of producing significant quantities of high quality bioengineered proteins with biomedical applications. Improving the output of therapeutic antibodies, vaccines and diagnostic antigens through use of our pliable expression platform will provide an important technological advance compared with the current mammalian and microbial cell culture platforms. Our innovative approach combines a next-generation plant platform, for rapid line production, with established downstream processing and a novel genetic technology that permits site-directed insertion of one or more transgenes in chloroplasts. This platform advance has the potential for significant production of antigens, such as for the hantavirus, in contained, biosecure facilities under conditions of Good Manufacturing Practice. We propose in this Phase I project to develop the technical feasibility for rapid production of hantaviral gene products using our technology for chloroplast transgenesis in our target platform. Production of hantavirual proteins using the enabling strategies in Phase I is key to our Phase II goal of applying the technology collaboratively to produce sufficient quality antigens for diagnostic and immunogenicity assays.

ADVANCED MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC. 176 Waltham Street Watertown, MA 02472
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 926-6700 Mr. Forest Carignan ARMY 05-176 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Field-Expedient Combat Load Assessment Device (CLAD)
Abstract:	Field combat load assessment for combat training and combat mission personnel load management is an identified military need. The combat load assessment device or CLAD must meet several requirements not found in off-the-shelf commercial or consumer weighing devices. Weight requirements, accuracy requirements, functional requirements, and cost requirements prohibit the use of currently OTS hardware. In the subject proposal a low cost, high accuracy field weighing system is proposed. This system is extremely rugged in that all mechanical axes are inherently overload protected. Low cost sensing elements utilizing Hall effect sensor technology provide a robust electromechanical weight sensor. A tri-corner mechanical design ensures stability on uneven surfaces while integrated inclinometers provide automatic correction for incline induced error. The expected wide range thermal environment requires Hall effect sensor compensation via Hall effect gain trimming, magnet thermal compensation, or thermal sensor based signal conditioning. The relative simplicity of the electronic conditioning necessary for Hall effect measurements and simplicity of the mechanical sensing elements render this design likely to succeed from a performance perspective. AMTI's 10-year history as a manufacturer of low-cost medical force measurement and weighing technologies incorporating similar Hall effect technology ensures a high probability of success of this project.

BHTECHNOLOGY, LLC 1 jodi court, suite 613 wesley hills, NY 10952
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(845) 369-6324 Dr. aron kain ARMY 05-176 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Field-Expedient Combat Load Assessment Device (CLAD)
Abstract:	A Combat Load Assessment Device (CLAD)has been proposed based on BH Technology's Flexivibe load cell technology. The resulting weigh plate and controller are made out of high impact resistant, light weight polycarbonate material, are low cost and have an accuracy of 1 part in 10,000. The CLAD measures both height and weight of the individual warfighter. The flexivibe load cell senses the deflection of the load cell body due to applied weight rather than the induced stress/strain and therefore does not have the restrictions and engineering compromises that accompany strain gauge load cell design.

TRANSGENEX NANOBIOTECH, INC. 3802 Spectrum Blvd, Suite #123 Tampa, FL 33612
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(813) 974-8569 Dr. Weidong Xu (Wilson) ARMY 05-177 Awarded: 21NOV05
Title:	Targeted Therapy for Neoplastic Diseases
Abstract:	Ovarian cancer is a serious threat and ranks among the top leading causes of cancer deaths among women in the United States. Ovarian cancer is normally considered to be the result of genetic alterations. Therefore, gene therapy offers a promising approach for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Herein we propose to combine nanotechnology and the nonviral sleeping beauty transposon-based gene transfer system to develop safe and effective nanotransposon particles (NTPs) that could achieve targeted delivery of a DNA-based drug to cancer cells for treatment of ovarian cancer. TransGenex has developed a novel nanogene delivery approach using NG042, a novel chitosan nanoparticle, to effectively deliver DNA plasmids or peptides through intranasal or oral routes. We have also identified a novel natriuretic peptide, NP731-102, as a candidate drug for treatment of ovarian cancer. Preliminary data has shown that NP73-102 overexpression induces apoptosis and decreases the development of lung tumors in nude mice and of subcutaneous tumors in an immunocompetent syngeneic mouse model. We propose to use NTPs to induce persistent expression of NP73-102 specifically in ovarian cancer cells and thus effectively treat ovarian cancer.

SONTRA MEDICAL CORP. 10 Forge Parkway Franklin, MA 02038
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 553-8850 Dr. Shikha P Barman ARMY 05-178 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Needleless Intradermal Vaccine Delivery System Using Ultrasound
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to evaluate and optimize needlefree immunization on skin permeated with SonoPrep, an ultrasound-based skin permeation system. SonoPrep permeates the skin by creating pores in the stratum corneum, thus breaching its barrier function. This provides channels for vaccine delivery directly to the epidermis, where large populations of Langerhans cells reside. The Department of Defense has candidate vaccines against malaria, dengue, etc.in phase I or II clinical trials. Many of these vaccines though promising, lack complete protection and total immunogencity. Dendritic cells play an important role in orchestrating the host immune response. The ideal vaccine delivery system would require no needles, deliver the vaccine directly to immunomodulatory cells, be transportable, and easy to use. FDA 510K approval has been given to SonoPrep, that when delivered to the skin, creates micropores (75-100 �m) extended to the epidermis (20-35 �m deep). SonoPrep has been used effectively in humans to deliver Lidocaine topically. Due to the large population of Langerhans cells in the epidermis, it is hypothesized that immunity can be conferred if vaccines are delivered on ultrasound-permeated skin. This proposal seeks to evaluate this delivery system with the DoD vaccine candidates and evaluate the host immune response to this system as compared to conventional vaccine delivery. Phase I will compare safety and immune response of the ultrasonic delivery of a candidate vaccine as compared to conventional techniques. Phase II will consist of an expanded safety and immunogenicity study leading to phase III for vaccine efficacy and FDA 510 K approval.

BIOFACTURA, INC. 15200 Shady Grove Road, Suite 350 Rockville, MD 20850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 706-0303 Mr. Luis M. Branco ARMY 05-179 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Generation of Stable Eukaryotic Cell Lines Expressing High Yields of Therapeutic Human Antibodies Against Biowarfare Viral Threat Agents
Abstract:	The generation, characterization, and optimization of stable mammalian cell lines for large-scale antibody production comprise an intricate process that costs millions of dollars and requires nearly one year of development time. When standard methods are employed, the process of generating stable cell lines requires nearly 6 months; however, BioFactura's proven proprietary technologies can routinely reduce the cell line generation timeline to 2 - 2.5 months. In addition, the downstream cell line development process is reduced since the lines are, from the onset, adapted to serum free medium formulations. Therefore, production of clinical quality material can be achieved in less than 7 months and research material in as little as 3 months, while ensuring quality and regulatory compliance. BioFactura has established a collaboration with USAMRIID, and specifically with Dr. Guttieri, as a basis for attaining proof of concept on existing technologies that generate monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with prophylactic and therpeutic value against viral biowarfare agents, and to build a platform upon which to seek funding through the DoD's SBIR and STTR programs. In this regard, BioFactura's objectives provide a unique opportunity for Dr. Guttieri to expedite production and in vivo analyses of mAbs identified as candidates for future clinical studies that evaluation the efficacy of these antibodies against viruses with bio-weapon potential.

BARRON ASSOC., INC. 1410 Sachem Place, Suite 202 Charlottesville, VA 22901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 973-1215 Dr. Todd A. Summers ARMY 05-180 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Trauma Data Collection and Mining to Enhance Combat Triage Decisions
Abstract:	The fundamental objective of the research effort proposed herein is to provide guidance to combat medics in making field treatment and triage decisions. Combat medics must prioritize patients according to the need for: (1) immediate medical intervention, and/or (2) immediate evacuation and surgical intervention. Many life-threatening conditions -- most prominently acute hemorrhagic shock, followed by circulatory collapse -- are difficult to diagnose in the field, particularly in a timely fashion. This effort seeks to find predictive markers to enhance combat medic triage decisions and entails fulfillment of several objectives: (1) collection of a high-quality database of continuous physiologic data on trauma patients; (2) extraction of predictive features of relevant clinical outcomes from these data; and (3) development of a predictive methodology to aid in trauma triage decision making. Herein, Barron Associates, Inc. (BAI) and the University of Virginia (UVA) propose to collect continuous data on trauma patients via the Pegasus aeromedical transport service and the UVA Level 1 Trauma Center. BAI will apply sophisticated signal analysis and nonlinear dynamic pre-processing and feature extraction techniques to increase the likelihood of identifying useful predictive markers as inputs to estimation and classification neural networks, the latter of which predict relevant clinical outcomes.

INOVAMAR LLC 6006 Paxton Ct San Jose, CA 95123
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 706-3418 Mr. Peter Hu ARMY 05-180 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Pre-Hospital Trauma Data Collection and Mining
Abstract:	Traumatic injury is a major public health and military problem. However, there is a major lack of physiological information about what happens to trauma casualties during both pre-hospital (field) management and in- hospital resuscitation. The ability to continuously collect, store and retrieve medical data from patients that are transported via helicopter, fixed wing or ambulance from the scene of the trauma event to end point of care is an essential link in the data collection process, one that currently does not exist. Our solution will include two main activities, building the data collection and analysis system and executing the initial data collection and data analysis. Such an approach will support the capture and analysis of trauma casualty data, which will give insight into the development of military triage algorithms and decision support systems.

IMMUNOTOPE, INC. Jefferson Center, 700 E. Butler Avenue Doylestown, PA 18901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 489-4955 Dr. Ramila Philip ARMY 05-181 Awarded: 02JAN06
Title:	Autoantibodies as serum biomarkers for prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis
Abstract:	Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in males. A highly sensitive, selective, noninvasive screening assay is needed to diagnose prostate cancer and to monitor effectiveness of treatment or recurrence. We propose to develop a diagnostic assay based on autoantibodies as serological markers for cancer diagnosis because of the general absence of these autoantibodies in normal individuals and noncancer conditions. Key to this methodology is that the immune system creates a huge amplification of signal through the development of antibodies to cancer-associated antigens. There is a 10e7-9 increase in measurable signal caused by the production of antibodies by B cells. These assays can be diluted 1:100 and still generate a significant signal. The goal of this proposal is to identify antigens reactive to autoantibodies in patients diagnosed with primary prostate cancer for the early detection of the disease. The identification of a panel of antigens reactive to autoantibodies will pave the way to the development of sensitive and selective, prostate cancer-specific noninvasive diagnostic assays useful for rapid screening of large patient populations.

LYNNTECH, INC. 7607 Eastmark Drive, Suite 102 College Station, TX 77840
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(979) 693-0017 Dr. Jinseong Kim ARMY 05-181 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Nanopore Based Biological Sensor for Detection of Prostate Cancer
Abstract:	Prostate cancer, the second most common cancer in men, is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States. PSA is used widely as a serum marker for the early detection of prostate cancer and for monitoring disease recurrence after therapy. However, the use of the biomarker has been criticized as well and the controversy remains unresolved. The major drawback of PSA screening is its relative wide "gray zone", where PSA screening has false negative or false positive. Better screening and monitoring biomarkers are needed and extensive studies have been carried out to develop novel effective biomarkers. This proposal concerns the development of novel biomarker screening for prostate cancer diagnosis, implementing emerging nanotechnology into well established antibody-based detection method to overcome the drawback of PSA screening. This nanopore-based biological sensor consists of multiple antibodies to detect multiple biomarkers to enhance the specificity of screening for prostate cancer. Phase I effort will demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed technology by fabricating and evaluating a nanopore-based biosensor to detect new biomarker. Further development of the technology toward array structured sensor will be started in Phase I Option and Phase II effort.

SMARTWEAR, LLC 1802 Ocean Park Blvd., Suite E Santa Monica, CA 90405
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 396-1339 Dr. Michael Pottenger ARMY 05-182 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Interactive Textiles for Improved Parachute Performance
Abstract:	Parachutes are widely used in the U.S. Army for airdrop/aerial delivery of personnel and cargo. It is well known that the performance (drag, lift, stability, etc.,) of a parachute is a function of the physical properties of the canopy fabric, such as porosity, and geometry of the canopy, such as air-vent openings.

SEASHELL TECHNOLOGY LLC 3252 Holiday Court Suite 115 La Jolla, CA 92037
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 638-0315 Dr. Sheldon Schultz ARMY 05-183 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Inconspicuous Taggant for Combat Uniforms
Abstract:	Our development of inconspicuous and wavelength specific detectable taggants for combat uniforms will result in significant performance enhancement in identification of friend or foe. We propose to use novel metal nanostructures as taggants that can be readily detected using thermal imaging devices, and yet are not visible to the naked eye. These nanotaggants can be incorporated into camouflage uniform textile either by topical application or directly embedding them into textile fibers. The taggant modified materials can then be fabricated into patches or tapes for application onto military uniforms. The physical properties of the nanotaggents are controlled so that only specific wavelength bands of infrared radiation are scattered, permitting identification of prescribed patterns with infrared band matching detection equipment. During the Phase I research period we will deliver to Army personnel for testing taggant modified patches and tape materials which match standard combat camouflage uniforms.

TS&I (TECHNOLOGY SLUTIONS & INVENTION LLC) 112 Clift Street Mystic, CT 06355
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 857-2115 Mr. Bob Nilsen ARMY 05-183 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Inconspicuous Taggant for Combat Uniforms
Abstract:	This development work will explore innovative technologies to be added to textile fibers or fabrics used on the combat uniforms for the purpose of combat identification. The proprietary material will be designed to work over all frequency ranges from UV to beyond the 12 micron range. This work will investigate technologies that will allow materials to be instantly and intelligently recognized as unique or genuine and be covered/removed from use as desired by the user. The taggants will be imbedded or applied to applicable textile substrates and be invisible to the unaided eye. All materials developed for use as taggants will be nontoxic and will be designed to have no adverse affect on any of the functional properties of the current materials or garments. The taggant will be designed to have a variety of easily changed, mission unique combinations to decrease the likelihood of compromise. The taggant will be detectable by instrumentation that is currently fielded and operating in frequencies other than near infrared, such as those operating in the 3 to 5 and 8 to 12 micron range of thermal imagers, or by low-cost equipment that can be easily fielded that will recognize the desired electromagnetic frequencies. The taggants will not add significant weight to the Soldier's garment and will be completely passive, not requiring any power input. The proposed approach will yield a low cost easily fielded technology to increase Soldier survivability and decrease the threat of fratricide.

CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Ms. Karen A. Harper ARMY 05-184 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Perceptions, Inferences, and Associations Model for Infantry Soldiers (PIAMIS)
Abstract:	The US Army Natick Soldier Center develops and applies modeling and simulation (M&S) technologies to evaluate warfighter systems vis-�-vis impact on individual and small-unit effectiveness. Currently, many simulations use scripts and simple rules to produce behavior in simulated entities with ground-truth data as inputs. To be effective for simulation-based acquisition (SBA) efforts, simulations must accurately model the visual and auditory perceptual processes of warfighters and the inferences and associations they make about their environment. We propose the Perceptions, Inferences, and Associations Model of Infantry Soldiers (PIAMIS) system, which will address this problem through the development of: 1) an extensible Perception Model that takes ground-truth data from the simulation and produces realistic sensory perceptions for the combat environment; 2) an Inference and Association engine instantiated with mappings to produce real-time inferences and associations based on input from the Perception Model; and 3) a knowledge engineering (KE) tool that uses an immersive simulation environment to present SMEs a tactical situation and an automated cognitive task analysis process to derive a mapping of perceptions to inferences and associations applied to that situation. We propose to demonstrate PIAMIS with a scenario in the IWARS simulation environment.

MICRO ANALYSIS & DESIGN, INC. 4949 Pearl East Circle, Suite 300 Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 442-6947 Dr. Walter Warwick ARMY 05-184 Awarded: 10NOV05
Title:	Agent Based Modeling of Dismount Infantry Through Inclusion of Perceptions, Inferences and Associations.
Abstract:	Human perception is a subtle and complex process and increasingly is viewed as a major component of expert performance. In sharp contrast, in the representation of human behavior within a computer generated force, perception is often reduced merely to an assignment statement. Thus an enemy vehicle might be "perceived" in a constructive simulation by passing variables representing an entity-id, a vehicle-type enumeration and an x-y-z location, given to several significant figures, to a finite state machine which can then "cogitate," using those values to determine which of a known set of alternative actions should be taken (e.g., assigning a threat-level to the enemy vehicle, sorting it into a target list, choosing an action on contact etc.). In this proposal we describe research that will allow us to imbue synthetic entities with a richer sense of perception. The proposed research will revolve around two technical objectives. The first is to understand human perception in a given task domain, and to survey candidate computational mechanisms for performing analogous transformations of ground truth into "perception." The second is to explore how perception influences infantry decision making and to determine a corresponding division of labor on the computational side between the perceptual and inferential.

MIDE TECHNOLOGY CORP. 200 Boston Avenue Suite 1000 Medford, MA 02155
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 306-0609 Dr. Marthinus C. van Schoor ARMY 05-185 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Acoustic Noise Reduction Fabric
Abstract:	Mid� proposes an innovative new acoustic/thermal liner fabric for noise reduction in military shelters. The concept combines lightweight, insulating solids that do not propagate airborne sound waves with flame-resistant open cell foam. The solids are highly porous, non-hazardous silica, described as a lattice network of glass strands with very small pores. The solids content is extremely low, making it both extremely light in weight and an excellent insulating solid for both acoustic and thermal protection. The proposed liner would replace the existing thermal liner currently fielded in fabric shelters. It would provide thermal insulation, flame resistance, breathability, maximized acoustic noise reduction, and ultra low density in a package that meets the �" thickness target.

TRITON SYSTEMS, INC. 200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-4200 Mr. Eric Pennell ARMY 05-186 Selected for Award
Title:	A Rapidly Deployable, Terrain-Compensating, Modular Platform System for Soft-Shelters(1000-766)
Abstract:	Current Army soft shelters use fabric or plywood floors. Fabric floors easily rip or wear through. Plywood is heavy, splinters, is not easily cleaned and is a one-time use item. Additionally, current flooring systems do not compensate for uneven terrain. Commercial flooring systems take up too much packing volume, weigh more and take too long to install. Phase I of the project will focus on developing a cost-effective, lightweight, terrain compensating, rapidly deployable and low packing volume flooring system. A system approach will be taken. Existing technologies, methods and issues will be reviewed. Key performance criteria will be generated and ranked. Commercial off the shelf (COTS) hardware and technologies will be reviewed, and new concepts generated. Trade off studies will be conducted. Several viable concepts will be generated for further analysis and development during Phase II.

APTIMA, INC. 12 Gill Street, Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 496-2400 Dr. Kevin Gildea ARMY 05-187 Awarded: 10NOV05
Title:	Representing Entity Actions and Cue Taxonomies (REACT)
Abstract:	A major requirement for effective weapon system evaluation, construct development, and training in constructive simulations is the ability to adequately represent behaviors in response to suppressive fire during urban combat. Current simulations lack adequate representation of the behavioral effects of suppressive fire as well as methods for using available data to quickly update these representations to reflect current realities. We propose to address the need for realistic, flexible, easy-to-update representations by designing and prototyping a framework for Representing Entity Actions and Cue Taxonomies (REACT). Our human centric approach is characterized by a formal knowledge elicitation process, which will identify the requirements for modeling and simulation, including a schema for categorizing suppression cues and their associated behaviors. We will then focus on identifying candidate information sources and framework modules that will provide an enhanced representation of the role of suppression in decision making and performance. Finally, we will prototype a conceptual model, which will focus on incorporating perceptual, cognitive, and behavioral inputs, and a system for populating and including the framework in the IWARS. We will utilize experts within our team to develop the REACT framework, populate it with realistic data, and review its potential to support other DoD simulations.

NANOSYNTEX 303 North Fairmont Avenue, Suite 201 Morristown, TN 37814
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(423) 587-2555 Dr. Vasanthakumar Narayanan ARMY 05-188 Awarded: 11NOV05
Title:	Flame Resistant Material For Use in Protective Garment Applications
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to develop a lightweight, comfortable fire resistant fabric offering superior fire and thermal protection over conventional Nomexr products that can be incorporated into fire protective garments at significantly lower cost. Specific target for this proposal will be to provide a functional material that offers significant increase in personnel protection against a heat flux of up to 3.5 cal/cm2 sec (versus standard flux of 2.0 cal/cm2 sec) allowing the war-fighter greater ability to escape severe flame conditions. The principal approach will be to utilize high performance FR fibers enhanced with a durable nano-FR coating developed by Nanosyntex in a composite, hydroentangled nonwoven construction to produce superior flame and thermal resistant garments.

KITESHIP CORP. 2004 Silver Lake Way Martinez, CA 94553
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 550-6738 Mr. David Culp ARMY 05-191 Awarded: 01NOV05
Title:	Low Cost Parafoil Deceleration Canopy for One Time Use
Abstract:	There is a growing need for Army re-supply and humanitarian aid via airdrop. Dropping from safe altitudes creates more and more demand for guidable decelerator systems to ameliorate wind drift and to accommodate horizontal offset of drop zones. At the same time, the practical exigencies of re-supply and humanitarian aid airdrop demands movement towards one-time use, disposable decelerator systems. At the same time, requirements for safety to the aircraft require more and more offset ability in decelerator systems in order to reach and accurately hit deployment targets from ever-increasing altitude and offset drop zones. Thus there is a growing need for inexpensive, one-time use, high performance decelerator canopies and control systems. There are today a number of potential avenues for the development and delivery of reduced-cost high performance canopies and systems for airdrop. It is the intention of this proposal to delineate the challenge and to explore these avenues.

MILLI SENSOR SYSTEMS & ACTUATORS 93 Border Street West Newton, MA 02465
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 965-1346 Dr. Donato (Dan) Cardarelli ARMY 05-192 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	A Method of Improving Bias Stability of MEMS Inertial Instruments
Abstract:	This proposal presents a new approach to improve the bias drift of tactical-grade MEMS gyros and accelerometers by more than an order of magnitude. The overall objective of the Phase I program is to verify feasibility of the concept and to present design options for practical implementations as a small, high-performance, low-cost MEMS system. The objective of a Phase II program is to demonstrate performance levels in a candidate MEMS system which will satisfy Army mission requirements without GPS.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Dr. John M. Wilson ARMY 05-193 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Smart Snap Hook
Abstract:	U.S. Army mass tactical airborne operations occasionally experience the accidental towing of a parachutist due to improper parachute deployment and/or entanglement with the static line. This event sometimes goes undetected for long periods of time after the affected jumper has left the aircraft. This can result in serious or fatal injury of the towed parachutist or subsequent jumpers who make contact with the towed jumper. We propose development of a Smart Snap Hook that actively monitors the load on each individual static line, providing an immediate alarm to the Jumpmaster and Safety in the event of a towed parachutist condition. Our rugged, reliable, and low cost Smart Snap Hook module will attach to existing snap hooks without compromising their current load-carrying capacity, will require no external infrastructure, and need only minimal annual maintenance. Microprocessor-based digital signal processing in the Smart Snap Hook will allow a towed jumper alarm to be provided within seconds of a jumper failing to separate from the aircraft normally, while completely avoiding false alarms. This will enable the rest of the jumpers on the stick to be halted, and towed parachutist retrieval to take place immediately, dramatically reducing the risk of serious or fatal injury.

TIAX LLC 15 Acorn Park Cambridge, MA 02140
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 498-6364 John Stokes ARMY 05-194 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Automatic Body Protection for Paratrooper Landings
Abstract:	Literature indicates that ankle and lower limb injuries present the greatest opportunity for reduction, given their high frequency of occurrence. Many solutions to reduce ankle injuries have been attempted - ankle braces to support the ankle during landing, cushioning devices to help absorb some of the impact force upon landing, and riser adjustments to reduce ground impact speed. However, these devices have limitations in practical use. Typical challenges associated with ankle protection include comfort, weight, bulk, ease of don/doff, secondary injury, and mobility. The restriction offered by braces becomes problematic after landings when the paratrooper needs to regain normal range of motion for running and walking. Sole cushions, if designed poorly, can cause inversion injuries by rolling the ankle. Our solution to achieve protection combines a sole cushion and ankle brace into one while allowing more normal extension and movement of the foot and ankle. By developing a system that provides the stability of an ankle brace, without the negative effects of bulk, weight, and reduced mobility, we can increase elective use in combat. Paratroopers will be more likely to wear a protective device if it doesn't affect their fightability once they have landed.

PROCESS TECHNOLOGY OPTIMIZATION, INC. 2801 Long Road Grand Island, NY 14072
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(716) 773-8106 Dr. Tilak Bommaraju ARMY 05-195 Awarded: 10NOV05
Title:	Self-Contained Ration Heater
Abstract:	A simple, novel packaging configuration is described to activate the Flameless Ration Heater (FRH) without any addition or input by the soldier and without hydrogen generation. This design allows: i) minimal, if not negligible, changes in the existing FRH, and ii) water to be stored and released with ease to heat the standard ration of meals. The new catalyst heater chemistry proposed here is a thermodynamically sanctioned reaction based on magnesium, but will avoid the generation of hydrogen, while providing heat at the same rate as the presently used Mg + H2O system, without adding substantial burden on the total weight. Another major advantage of the concepts elaborated in this proposal is that the new FRH + water package can easily be manufactured employing the currently available technologies.

RECHARGEABLE BATTERY CORP. 809 University Drive East, Suite 100E College Station, TX 77840
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(979) 260-1120 Dr. Brendan Coffey ARMY 05-195 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Exothermic Nano Composite for Self-Contained Ration Heater
Abstract:	RBC proposes to develop a self-activating, flameless heater based on the principal of encapsulated pyrophoric aluminum in order to achieve safe, controlled reaction kinetics. The novel system offers higher specific energy (cal g-1) than the current Mg-Fe heater, Valimet, a producer of specialty aluminum powder will partner with RBC in the effort. In the Phase I SBIR program, RBC proposes to develop and demonstrate a self-contained exothermic metallic fuel composite that can be integrated into packaging configurations to provide a FRH for use with the Meal, Ready-to-Eat ration. RBC will also carry out a Design Analysis of weight, cost, size, health hazards, safety, ruggedness, shelf life, environmental impact, and stability, and prepare a Preliminary Design Package for the prototype heater.

MAINSTREAM ENGINEERING CORP. 200 Yellow Place, Pines Industrial Center Rockledge, FL 32955
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 631-3550 Dr. Robert P Scaringe ARMY 05-196 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Demonstration of a Self-Heating Self-Hydrating Combat Ration
Abstract:	A need exists to provide the individual Warfighter with hot beverages and ration components that can be heated while on the move. The current Flameless Ration Heater (FRH) provides an acceptable means for heating prepackaged shelf-stable foods that are already hydrated. However, it is inadequate for heating dehydrated rations and water for beverages. Mainstream has disclosed a unique self-heating, self-hydrating pouch that can be used to heat and hydrate beverages and dehydrated meals, such as those found in the Ration Cold Weather/Long Range Patrol. The Warfighter can heat and hydrate while on the move or in a combat vehicle since hydrogen production has also be eliminated. A self-heating, self-hydrating pouch will be demonstrated that integrates advanced membrane technology with water purification and hydrogen capture technology to provide a flameless ration heater that is safer. Phase I will demonstrate the ability to both hydrate and heat foods and beverages. The hydrogen capture chemistry proposed assures that the hydrogen is not only captured but also converted to additional water. The result of these synergistic reactions is that less heating compound and less water are necessary. This proposal contains additional details on the technology.

TDA RESEARCH, INC. 12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 940-2355 Dr. William L. Bell ARMY 05-197 Selected for Award
Title:	Self-Heating Group Ration
Abstract:	Prototypes of the Unitized Group Ration - Express (UGR-E) have demonstrated that four six-pound trays or pouches of food can be heated from 40�F to 140�F in 30 to 45 minutes. The UGR-E can provide soldiers with a hot meal when operational tempo makes the standard Unitized Group Ration impractical. The prototypes have been heated using the Flameless Ration Heater (FRH) technology; unfortunately, the FRH produces flammable hydrogen gas, and safer alternatives are desired. TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) has developed an alternative heater material that does not produce hydrogen, and proposes to apply this technology to the UGR-E. In this project we will select materials to optimize the rate of heat production for the UGR-E package. TDA and our partners will develop a package design that facilitates ease of use, minimizes user contact with the heater and heater products, and can be produced at low cost. In Phase I, TDA will design and test prototype packages. We will also conduct an engineering analysis to estimate weight, volume and cost in full-scale production. In Phase II TDA and our partners will complete development, including all necessary testing efforts and submissions to obtain required regulatory approvals.

TPL, INC. 3921 Academy Parkway North, NE Albuquerque, NM 87109
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 342-4451 Dr. Randy Johnson ARMY 05-198 Awarded: 08DEC05
Title:	Separation of Fragmented Energetic Materials via Directed Ultrasonic Energy
Abstract:	Demilitarization of unserviceable ammunition by open burning and open detonation is no longer an option. Autoclaving of low melting point materials is labor intensive, hazardous to the health of operators, and generates pinkwater which requires clean-up as hazardous waste. Other explosives such as insensitive munitions composed of polymer bonded explosives present a particularly difficult challenge for demil. They cannot be removed from the munition by autoclave techniques. TPL will demonstrate that directed ultrasonic energy can be used to fragment, remove, and separate cast-loaded energetic materials from obsolete munitions. Fragmentation of Comp B and Octol with ultrasonic energy has been demonstrated. Material removed by fragmentation will be used to develop processes and methods to recover the valuable explosive components. Methods to remove binders, waxes, plasticizers, crosslinkers, and catalysts will be determined. The most effective systems will be developed that minimize hazardous wastes and operation hazards. Process flow sheets and material balances will be developed. TPL has a highly integrated capability in the demilitarization of conventional munitions, from the conduct of research and development into uses for reclaimed energetic materials, to providing engineering services in conventional munitions demilitarization operations, and to the manufacture of commercial products from reclaimed energetic materials.

AMERICAN GNC CORP. 888 Easy Street Simi Valley, CA 93065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 582-0582 Dr. Ching-Fang Lin ARMY 05-199 Awarded: 13DEC05
Title:	Miniaturized Smart Self-calibration Electronic Pointing Device
Abstract:	The objective of this project is to investigate, evaluate, and demonstrate the feasibility of an innovative Miniaturized Smart Self-calibration Electronic Pointing Device (EPD) for Indirect Fire Weapons applications using the coremicro Palm Navigator, as the mortars azimuth/heading and elevation measurement devices. The Miniaturized Smart Self-calibration Electronic Pointing Device provides complete and accurate mortars motion measurements including: azimuth/heading and elevation angles, plus acceleration/deceleration, velocity, position, and angular velocity. In Phase I of this project, using the AGNC products, the EPD system requirements analysis will be performed. The coremicro Palm Navigator will be evaluated as the mortars azimuth/heading and elevation measurement device. Using the AGNC developed simulation test tool, the GPS/IMU REALTIME SIMULATOR, the mortars azimuth/heading and elevation measurement data can be simulated and the system is tested in the laboratory environment. Finally system demonstration and test will be performed for system verification.

KVH INDUSTRIES, INC. 50 Enterprise Center Middletown, RI 02842
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(401) 847-3327 Mr. James Rossi ARMY 05-199 Selected for Award
Title:	Light Weight Electronic Pointing Device
Abstract:	In the proposed Phase I effort, KVH Industries will develop an Electronic Pointing Device (EPD) by implementing Northfinding software in its TG6000 Inertial Measurement Unit(IMU) product that is substantially smaller than the existing solution. Specifically, KVH will build three modified coils into a standard TG6000 system, modify the existing gyro digital filter to reduce noise, implement Northfinding software for the TG6000 IMU system, measure accuracy vs. measurement time for the baseline north finding software, and investigate new methods of shock and vibration hardening of the TG6000 without the existing shock isolator. The end result of this SBIR will be an EPD design that can be readily transitioned into a commercial product during Phase II.

COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 135 S. Taylor Avenue Louisville, CO 80027
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 604-2000 Dr. Joe Marron ARMY 05-200 Selected for Award
Title:	Imaging of Space Objects
Abstract:	There is great need for small, mobile systems that enable military commanders to interrogate air-borne objects at long ranges. Radar-based systems are at a disadvantage because the large aperture sizes required limit portability. Laser based systems can be more portable, but they have challenging pointing-tracking requirements and atmospheric turbulence can limit operation modes. In Phase I CTI will demonstrate sensor feasibility through extensive modeling and analysis, produce a preliminary design, and perform risk reduction experiments to demonstrate key aspects of the novel sensor design. In the Phase I Option, CTI will perform a detailed transceiver design. In Phase II CTI will build and demonstrate the prototype transceiver/signal-processor and conduct field tests in a realistic laboratory setting. The proposed work will leverage CTI's extensive experience in developing fieldable laser radar systems. CTI has significant experience in making Lidar systems for wind velocity, target velocity, vibration sensing and imaging (including synthetic aperture approaches). The main discriminant of our systems is that we are able to make lasers with very long coherence lengths that allow us to perform coherent detection. Coherent detection enables many target interrogation methods including velocity measurement, vibration measurement and imaging. With coherent detection, imaging is not encumbered with the need for adaptive optics, or intensive algorithms; this helps make the system smaller and more portable. Note also that portability and field-robustness may limit the allowable operation modes and while CTI is able to evaluate intensive operation modes such as synthetic aperture imaging, we are also able to consider more simple modes such as imaging correlography.

3D RESEARCH CORP. 7057 Old Madison Pike, Suite 200, P.O. Box 11723 Huntsville, AL 35814
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 705-5431 Dr. James K. Woosley ARMY 05-201 Selected for Award
Title:	Insensitive Munitions Modeling and Simulation
Abstract:	3D Research Corporation and Aerojet, Incorporated, propose a novel approach to munitions modeling to assure the munitions meets Insensitive Munitions (IM) requirements of DoDD 5000.2-R and MIL-STD-2105C. IM validation of munitions requires extensive testing, and it is necessary to develop analytical approaches which accelerate the design process for IM compliance. The proposed approach evaluates all system factors which contribute to munitions susceptibility to unplanned stimuli and uses best-in-class computer modeling techniques to address each potential risk. At a time when munitions safety is becoming increasingly important, there have been no designs which have successfully bridged the gap between safety and performance; this model is necessary to close that gap. 3D Research and Aerojet together have the management skills and technical expertise to resolve this critical issue. During Phase I we will address the principal organizational and mathematical features of the model, comparing them with historical data from previous IM systems tests to assure the modeling approach provides the required fidelity and can be supported by the data. This will permit successful code development and verification for the software model during Phase II.

CORVID TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 149 Plantation Ridge Dr., Suite 170 Mooresville, NC 28117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(704) 799-6944 Dr. Robert Nance ARMY 05-201 Selected for Award
Title:	Insensitive Munitions Modeling and Simulation
Abstract:	Insensitive munitions (IM) design and testing for propulsion systems is hindered both by high test costs and the complexity of propellant responses to IM stimuli. Modeling and simulation tools for predictions of IM hazards are under development that characterize many of the pertinent phenomena, including damage sensitization to reaction and delayed-onset detonation. Such tools can provide many benefits to the development of IM propulsion systems. We will collaborate with the Thermal and Reactive Processes Department at Sandia National Laboratories, to survey these computational tools, exercise them for representative scenarios, assess their current utility for rocket and missile propulsion system IM predictions, and make recommendations for tool improvements to enhance their capabilities. Our innovation will be a streamlined process for using existing model frameworks in propulsion system IM assessments.

AGILTRON CORP. 15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Dr. Jack Salerno ARMY 05-202 Selected for Award
Title:	Lighteight and Low Cost Infrared Optics for Manportable Fire Control and Missile System
Abstract:	Agiltron proposes a new class of significantly lightweight long wave infrared (LWIR) lens system for Army manportable fire control and missile systems. Our unique afocal design uses only three thin lenses with aspherical and Fresnel surfaces, holding the promise of providing unsurpassed optical zooming performance. Leveraging on our extensive expertise in chalcogenide glass lens fabrication, we propose to produce these lens by a low-cost molding process. Chalcogenide glass is a much lightweight and inexpensive material than the present LWIR lens material of single-crystal Germanium. This program will lead to volume production of high performance LWIR complex shaped lenses without the need for polishing and with little waste. The technology potentially produces premium IR imaging optics at drastically lower cost and lightweight that are unattainable before. The program target is to realize a state-of-the-art LWIR optic system of less than 300 grams and at production cost less than $4,000.

BODKIN DESIGN & ENGINEERING, LLC P.O. Box 81386 Wellesley, MA 02481
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 795-1968 Mr. Andrew Bodkin ARMY 05-202 Selected for Award
Title:	Lightweight Infrared Optics
Abstract:	The development of an uncooled microbolometer based LWIR camera is proposed that will be a drop in replacement for the FLIR camera currently in use on the Javelin Common Launch Unit. The camera will provide dual fields of view or a continuous zoom over 2 to 6 degrees.

SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING CORP.(SPEC) 101 West Sixth Street, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 479-7732 Mr. Phil Toler ARMY 05-203 Selected for Award
Title:	Integrated Total Asset Visibility System (ITAVS)
Abstract:	Systems and Processes Engineering Corporation (SPEC) proposes an Integrated Total Asset Visibility System (ITAVS) management solution that supports the IUID and RFID Policies and is consistent with DoD's Business Enterprise Architecture. The resultant asset management system will maximize the effective utilization of a mix of Automatic Identification Technologies (AIT), in concert with the IUID Program, to support improved "ground truth" with respect to the location, value and condition of DoD's assets and, thereby, significantly enhance the ability of commanders and managers to make timely and effective decisions. The system integrates, to a large extent, elements of the current asset management architecture, saving costs by utilizing investments already made by the DoD. The solution addresses the integration of; a system for uniquely identifying assets and their valuations, mechanisms for marking and providing visibility into the location and condition of these assets (i.e. AIT), and Automated Information Systems (AISs) to support the management of assets and provide accurate and consistent information to decision makers.

WILLIAMS-PYRO, INC. 200 Greenleaf St. Fort Worth, TX 76107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(817) 872-1500 Mr. Edward Smith ARMY 05-203 Selected for Award
Title:	Unique Identification (UID)/Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Integration
Abstract:	Williams-Pyro, Inc. proposes to develop an RFID-UID Integration and Tracking System (RUITS) that integrates Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) RFID tags, readers, and handheld devices, as well as UID Data Matrix 2D barcodes, to enable accurate, real-time tracking of Army assets. Leveraging the latest RFID technology standards and implementing advanced middleware components, RUITS will seamlessly integrate RFID with UID in existing Army information systems. RUITS will operate within an open source, Java/J2EE-based architecture. This architecture will enable the widest production deployment across the Army; allow the broadest integration with existing systems and data sources; and provide a robust, secure, transactional, scalable, and reusable infrastructure for tracking Army assets. RUITS has the following three major components: (1) COTS tags, readers, and handheld devices, (2) Middleware Technology Integration Layer (MTIL), and (3) Asset Tracking System (ATS).

CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Mr. Paul G. Gonsalves ARMY 05-204 Awarded: 28NOV05
Title:	Adaptive Agent-based System for Information Filtering (AASIF)
Abstract:	The tenets of netcentric warfare (NCW) have been duly embraced by DoD. While programs like the Army Battle Command System can facilitate NCW concepts, the associated problem of information overload can arise. Information overload is already apparent in the business sector where knowledge workers spend needless extra time searching for or are unable to find needed information. One can surmise that similar issues will be faced within the NCW-based military operations environment. A concerted science and technology effort is needed to support the effective filtering and organization of information to support enhance situation awareness and effective decision-making and to fully reap the benefits of NCW. Here, we propose an Adaptive Agent-based System for Information Filtering (AASIF) to support rapid information discovery and filtering for the warfighter within a netcentric environment. The system consist of a metadata extraction component to augment existing network metadata services and data descriptions; a context analyzer component to focus user information requirements in light of the user's profile and the current situational context; an information filtering component to perform translation of the information stream into context appropriate information clusters; and a manager component to dynamically manage on-line data subscriptions within a publish and subscribe environment.

DECISIVE ANALYTICS CORP. 1235 South Clark Street, Suite 400 Arlington, VA 22202
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 414-5002 Dr. James Nolan ARMY 05-204 Selected for Award
Title:	Smart Battle Command Information Discovery and Filtering Agents
Abstract:	The GIG and other tactical networks are highly dynamic and contain an unknown number of data sources at any point in time. The number of data sources on these networks is growing at a much faster pace than our ability to discover them and process the information they provide into usable information. The challenge is to develop capabilities that leverage the GIG's Content Discovery Services to proactively seek out new data sources that are relevant and exploit them to enable the Commander to gain information superiority. The DAC Team proposes a novel combination of natural language processing, data mining, and predictive technologies to build an intelligent architecture to perform Smart Battle Command Information Discovery and Filtering. This effort will build on DAC's experience in deploying intelligent agents to perform data mining and course-of-action forecasting in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Our approach will allow the Commander to focus his attention on the problems that are of highest importance and of utmost relevance to the current mission. The results of this effort will be an intelligent agent architecture that is interoperable with Army systems such as the Army Battle Command System (ABCS) and the Command Post of the Future (CPOF).

STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC. 951 Mariner's Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(206) 545-1478 Ms. Laurie Spencer ARMY 05-204 Awarded: 18NOV05
Title:	Supporting Net-Centric Operations through Bandwidth Friendly Intelligent Information Discovery and Filtering
Abstract:	We propose to address the growing challenge of information overload in network-centric information systems through the development of an agent based framework that improves the warfighter's awareness of critical information while simultaneously preserving those aspects that make systems like the Command Post of the Future (CPOF) so useful. In particular, we propose to enable effective information discovery in two ways: (1) enhancing multimedia data indices with context derived metadata to facilitate information rediscovery/reuse; and (2) exploiting simple models of warfighter tasks to drive a "fire and forget" and potentially proactive information discovery agent. We also propose to exploit similarly context-aware data filtering and integration techniques to improve the ability of S-3 and S-2 users to understand and exploit the available information. By exploiting the unique characteristics of battle command system data and task domain knowledge, our proposed system, InfoStalker, will provide a much better fit to the capabilities and requirements of the warfighter than general purpose information retrieval technologies. The InfoStalker concept was conceived in light of Stottler Henke's ongoing effort to analyze CPOF data archives. This foundation of knowledge together with a wide breadth of related reusable software components allows us to propose an aggressive Phase I effort.

NETCENTRIC TECHNOLOGY, INC. One Merdian Road, Suite 4 Eatontown, NJ 07724
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 544-0888 Mr. Samuel Nitzberg ARMY 05-205 Awarded: 22NOV05
Title:	Policy Manager for Access Controls in a Tactical Environment
Abstract:	The objective of the this phase 1 proposal is to design and develop an access control policy framework that is a scaleable across the Army enterprise by allowing for the decentralized management and local enforcement of the access control policies, minimize impact on the network with respect to policy traffic, allow for interoperability between Community of Interests (COIs) or domains and allow for individuals to assume multiple roles as dictated on the battlefield. We propose an innovative use of the core RBAC model by extending it to include attribute based access control that will allow the capability to satisfy more complex business needs. NetCentric concept in meeting these critical requirements includes incorporating features that allow for the self-certifying delegation of roles from outside a domain's community of interest by integrating other security services with the access control policy framework.

CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Dr. Jonathan D. Pfautz ARMY 05-206 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	Data Processing and Audio/Visual Displays for Improving Situational Awareness (DAVIS)
Abstract:	Future Army missions will rely on increasingly sophisticated technologies for providing the Soldier with critical situational information. These technologies will require the concomitant development of processing techniques for synthesizing and managing an increased volume of incoming data. These technologies will also require the development of advanced information displays that address the Soldier's specific information requirements. To support the development of these techniques and displays, we propose to design and prototype a system for Data Processing and Auditory and Visual Display for Improving Situational Awareness (DAVIS). Four components characterize our approach. First, we will perform a requirements analysis to identify the operational demands on Soldiers and their situational awareness needs in the context of a realistic operational scenario. Second, we will identify and select processing methods for synthesizing incoming data and providing predictive information. Third, we will use these methods to drive the design of visual and auditory displays that intelligently address the Soldier's needs. Fourth, we will prototype an integrative information processing and display system for demonstrating our approach. We will leverage our team's expertise in display design and data processing to rapidly develop DAVIS, interface it with realistic data sets, and demonstrate its potential to support DoD applications.

NEXT CENTURY CORP. 8101 Sandy Spring Road Laurel, MD 20707
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 939-2550 Mr. Hyam Singer ARMY 05-206 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	Soldier Advanced Video/Audio Cueing System
Abstract:	Next Century Corporation proposes to develop the Integrated Situational Information and Tactical Exploitation (InSITE) system, providing actionable alerts and at-a-glance situational awareness to the warfighter in real time. Our team is augmented by the domain-relevant expertise of General Dynamics C4 Systems (GDC4S) Division, the prime contractor and systems integrator for various U.S. Army's PEO Soldier programs including Land Warrior, Air Warrior, Mounted Warrior, and the Future Force Warrior Advanced Technology demo (ATD). Our solution incorporates leading edge video image processing, data fusion, and predictive modeling techniques to detect, track, and anticipate the movements of entities of interest, seamlessly overlaying this information onto either a video data stream or geospatial display. InSITE also provides valuable analysis and review capabilities that can either be used during a mission or as part of a post-mission hotwash activity. Our key innovations for designing and building the InSITE system are focused on three areas: 1) innovative alert mechanisms and visualization techniques; 2) advanced algorithms and technologies for video image processing, data fusion, and predictive modeling; and, 3) modular, component-based, open architecture for ease of integration, interoperability, and extensibility.

NOVA ENGINEERING, INC. 5 Circle Freeway Drive Cincinnati, OH 45246
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(513) 642-3000 Mr. Greg Stegman ARMY 05-207 Awarded: 27OCT05
Title:	Handheld Emission Detector (HED)
Abstract:	Establishing and maintaining real-time situational awareness is essential for virtually every operation in which the RF environment is monitored to detect the presence of a threat. Unfortunately, the hardware capable of providing this much-needed capability has historically been designed using `stovepipe' architectures that are waveform or frequency-specific, offering no agility to accommodate emerging threats. Moreover, legacy hardware is predominantly designed for vehicular use, denying the dismounted troop the opportunity to conduct signals intelligence at a forward location. Recent advances in software defined radio (SDR) architectures for tactical transceivers provide the ultimate baseline for an extremely flexible situational awareness capability. As key, on-going developments in the area of RF miniaturization pave the way for designs that are significantly smaller/lighter than legacy equipment. The `SDR + Miniature RF' design approach fully supports the objective of a small, handheld threat warning system that satisfies all near-term frequency/signals requirements, while enabling future expansion via software upgrades. Nova Engineering, a major contributor to the JTRS SDR Community and a supplier of field-proven, miniature RF equipment, will leverage its broadband SDR hardware to architect an innovative receiving/DF system. Critical SDR and DF capabilities will be demonstrated to provide a low-risk technology transition plan into Phase II.

SCA TECHNICA, INC. 17 Port Chester Drive Nashua, NH 03062
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 321-6536 Dr. David K. Murotake ARMY 05-207 Awarded: 27OCT05
Title:	Soldier Electronic Warfare Detection Using Smart Radio
Abstract:	The SCA Technica team, with subcontractor General Dynamics C4 Systems and consultant Dr. Harvey Woodsum, propose to design and build a soldier-borne, small, lightweight, low power, LPI, wide band, quadrant and specific azimuth detector for GPS, combat net radio, and other jammers/emitters. We base our design on our SCA compatible Smart Radio, being developed under SBIR AF03-098 Phase II. We will further leverage the SCA waveform component architecture being developed under SBIR Phase I AF05-108 and NIST 9.05.3-9. As prime contractor for JTRS Cluster 5, GD C4 Systems is ideally qualified to assist us in evaluating RF front end requirements for the proposed Soldier EW Smart Radio. Our hardware and software will be ported to a hand-held computer and integrated with a Cluster 5 compatible wideband 2-channel RF receiver and wideband meander line antenna array. We demonstrate EW algorithms, such as virtual demodulation, hop and chip rate detection and cyclostationary correlation using software downloads. Virtual demodulators detect, classify, and demodulate multiple signals. Rate detectors and cyclostationary correlators detect and parametrize spread spectrum and hybrid waveforms. In combination, multiple conventional and spread spectrum waveforms can be detected, classified, dehopped/despread, and demodulated on the fly, then analyzed and displayed to the Warfighter.

RADIANCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 350 Wynn Drive Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 489-8963 Dr. Andrew Thies ARMY 05-208 Selected for Award
Title:	Agile Maneuvering Smart Projectiles for Enhanced Lethality Munitions
Abstract:	The benefits of guided munitions have been demonstrated during conflicts in recent years. It is now commonplace to see bombs and cruise missiles guide themselves for pinpoint strikes against enemy targets specified by GPS locations. Up to this point, however, self-guidance has been limited to rather expensive munitions (e.g, in the tens, to hundreds, of thousands of dollars range) deployed from large distances. There are clearly a number of benefits to applying cost-effective guidance and control (G&C) to current "dumb" rounds, such as mortars and artillery, for the purpose of providing a pinpoint strike capability to small units.

SCHAFER CORP. 321 Billerica Road Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 721-9572 Mr. Bruce Peters ARMY 05-208 Awarded: 28NOV05
Title:	Agile Maneuvering Smart Projectiles for Enhanced Lethality Munitions
Abstract:	The application of conventional artillery in urban battlefield environments is limited because of time critical mobile targets, complex cluttered scenes, and obscured or camouflaged enemy elements mixed within a civilian population. Smart Artillery will increase accuracy against enemy targets, reduce collateral damage, and improve survivability by allowing maneuvering and retargeting of the projectile in-flight to achieve improved lethality. Technological advances in solid state miniaturization, communications, materials, and structures enable smart artillery with an in-flight maneuvering capability to obtain greater accuracy against targets or engage new and/or higher value targets. Success depends on minimizing the mass, size, and shape impacts to the projectile to increase effectiveness while controlling cost of the weapon system in order to permit pervasive application. A low mass flight control subsystem is achieved by off-loading the guidance function from the projectile to a Tracking and Control Radar. The radar tracks the artillery round in flight and communicates guidance commands to the projectile which executes the commands using innovative low-mass deployable fins to adjust its trajectory. This approach simplifies the design and mass of the projectile in order to reduce recurring cost.

ARC TECHNOLOGY 12978 NW 90th St. Whitewater, KS 67154
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(316) 799-2763 Mr. William Carey ARMY 05-209 Selected for Award
Title:	Multipoint Exploding foil Initiator System
Abstract:	This proposal details the development of a multipoint exploding foil initiator trigger system that enables programmable delays between EFI detonations. The temporal jitters are less than 50 ns from the initial trigger signal to the firing of each EFI. This enables precise control of the detonation wave in an explosive from multiple initiation points. The system is comprised of a control module which generates programmable delay signals to 1.5 cm3 EFI drivers that are co-located near the EFI itself to minimize inductive and resistive losses. All components are COTS for reduced cost and quick development. Feasibility is demonstrated at the end of the Phase I OPTION by measuring the performance of a system firing 4 EFIs with independent delays for each EFI up to 5 microseconds and 50 ns jitter. Two EFI manufacturers and a commercial end user are assisting in this development to assure its success.

TRS CERAMICS, INC. 2820 East College Avenue State College, PA 16801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 238-7485 Dr. Wesley S. Hackenberger ARMY 05-209 Selected for Award
Title:	Pulsed Power for Fuzes
Abstract:	TRS Technologies, Inc. along with CalRamic, LLC, and HEM Technologies, LLC will develop and test new ferroelectric generator components and very high energy density capacitors to dramatically reduce the size of detonation systems designed around multipoint Explosive Foil Initiators (EFI). We will develop high energy, highly efficient ferroelectric discharge elements for ferroelectric explosive generators (FEG's). These units will consist of multilayer ferroelectric ceramics designed with a high remnant polarization (Pr) and high depolarization field (and pressure) for high energy density. The multilayer elements will be constructed in a multiterminal format with inherent time delays so that one FEG can drive multiple EFI's. In addition, TRS will develop antiferroelectric capacitors for capacitive discharge units (CDU's). AFE capacitors can store up to 100X the energy of mica capacitor. The nonlinear characteristics of AFE capacitors will make them safer than conventional dielectrics. The capacitors can be designed so that a threshold voltage is required for the AFE to store sufficient energy to drive a detonator. At the conclusion of the Phase I program we will have developed the components required for a compact, multipoint EFI detonation system which will be prototyped in Phase II.

TRITON SYSTEMS, INC. 200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-4200 Mr. Ron Martin ARMY 05-210 Selected for Award
Title:	Lightweight Army (LWA) High Altitude Airship (1000-743)
Abstract:	Triton Systems and Lockheed Martin ADP (Skunk Works) propose to leverage their existing work on Missile Defense Agency's HAA and DARPA's ISIS programs to develop a LightWeight Army (LWA) lighter-than-air airship that will provide the warfighter with a 50 to 100 pound payload of persistent ISR capability. The LWA will be designed to fly at 60,000 feet altitude, over military targets; it will have 48-hour minimum on-station management; and, it will have the capability of being launched, retrieved, repaired, and re-launched in the field. In the Phase I, Triton's team will design the airship's size, volume, and hull material, as well as we will identify subsystems, develop ConOps concepts - how we will launch, manage flight, retrieve, repair, store, and re-launch the airship, and we will provide the Army with parametric cost analysis to allow the trades of cost versus performance. In the Phase II, a 2007 first flight is planned to demonstrate the capability with an integrated payload - at altitude.

NAVSYS CORP. 14960 Woodcarver Road Colorado Springs, CO 80921
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(719) 481-4877 Dr. Alison K. Brown ARMY 05-211 Selected for Award
Title:	Research on the Development of a Miniature, Low Power Global Positioning System (GPS)/Inertial Registration Device For Use As A Weapon Orientation Sensor In Future Tactical Engagement Simulation Systems
Abstract:	A solution is needed to support training operations in both an outdoor and indoor environment with precise 3-D positioning and weapon orientation to allow geometric pairing. Research solutions are needed to provide a cost effective approach for dealing with this tough problem. Our proposed solution is to leverage an ultra-low power military GPS tracking capability integrated with a low power inertial sensor that can be mounted on a dismounted soldier's small arms weapon. This small, lightweight, low power sensor assembly can be used as an absolute positioning and angular reference for tactical engagement simulation systems during live training exercises and during operational and developmental testing casualty assessment events. Under the Phase I effort we will develop a design concept for the GPS/inertial sensor assembly addressing the partitioning of functionality between the different system components and the security architecture proposed to be applied to allow for P(Y) code signal processing. The final product, under the Phase I effort, will be a report including a system specification with the estimated size, weight, power and wireless interface description for the proposed Phase II prototype units, and the packaging of technologies to support the harsh environments of the military applications.

TOYON RESEARCH CORP. Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Mr. Benjamin D. Werner ARMY 05-211 Selected for Award
Title:	A Miniature, Low Power GPS/INS Device for Use as a Weapon Orientation Sensor
Abstract:	Toyon Research Corporation proposes to develop a high-accuracy, self-contained position and orientation sensor for use in soldier head and weapon tracking applications. The Hybrid Fixed Inertial (HyFIT) navigation system contains three main subsystems: an inertial measurement unit (IMU), Toyon's MIDAAST GPS antenna, and Toyon's BugEyeT ultrasonic positioning device. The synthesis of these three components provides a high-accuracy navigation unit that can be used both indoors and outdoors, and will yield high accuracy in both position and attitude with zero drift. The HyFI navigation system will be small, light, low power, and low cost.

SOVOZ, INC. 37 Station Drive, Suite A Princeton Jct., NJ 08550
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 799-8544 Dr. Stephen Lane ARMY 05-212 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Control Interface for Driving Interactive Characters in Immersive Virtual Environments
Abstract:	The effectiveness of training personnel in immersive 3D virtual environments is currently limited by control interfaces that require users to perform actions, for example moving a joystick or pressing a button, that are not present in equivalent real world tasks and situations. In Phase I of the project soVoz will determine the feasibility of developing advanced man/machine Virtual Control System (VCS) interfaces capable of providing dismounted infantry with a more natural and effective means for controlling the movement and body posture of their avatar in immersive 3D training applications. In the proposed project, a Virtual Control System interface device prototype will be developed and soVoz's component-based 3D simulation technology and authoring tools will be used to create a MOUT room clearing task scenario to evaluate the effectiveness of the approach. Successful completion of Phase I of the project will set the stage for developing a fully wearable Virtual Control System device in Phase II capable of being used with current embedded dismounted infantry training systems.

TIAX LLC 15 Acorn Park Cambridge, MA 02140
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 498-5180 Dr. Robert Fricke ARMY 05-213 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Automatic Real-Time Magnetometer Error Compensation and Calibration
Abstract:	The proposed effort in this SBIR program is to develop an auto-compensation method for field deployed, strap-down magnetometers. The solution we propose is a system solution that includes sensor design, initial calibration, use of auxiliary field sensors, and automated field compensation methods. The TIAX proposed solution considers aspects of the magnetometer, CPU, IMU, and GPS system within the player unit, to one degree or another. The principal focus of the offering is on the magnetometer and the inertial measurement unit. The output desired from an orientation measurement device is roll and pitch attitude angle with respect to the local horizontal plane, and the heading angle relative to true (geographic) North. Pitch and roll are computed from the IMU signals and are referenced to the local gravity vector. Heading angle to true North is a more complicated matter and is the principal subject of this proposed effort.

TOYON RESEARCH CORP. Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Mr. Benjamin D. Werner ARMY 05-214 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Man Wearable Virtual Movement Tracking
Abstract:	Toyon Research Corporation proposes to develop a high-accuracy, self-contained position and orientation sensor for use in soldier head and weapon tracking applications. The Hybrid Fixed Inertial (HyFIT) navigation system contains three main subsystems: an inertial measurement unit (IMU), Toyon's MIDAAST GPS antenna, and Toyon's BugEyeT ultrasonic positioning device. The synthesis of these three components provides a high-accuracy navigation unit that can be used both indoors and outdoors, and will yield high accuracy in both position and attitude with zero drift. The HyFI navigation system will be small, light, low power, and low cost.

CHI SYSTEMS, INC. 1035 Virginia Drive, Suite 300 Fort Washington, PA 19034
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 277-9288 Dr. Jennifer Fowlkes ARMY 05-215 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	HapMed: Application of Haptics for Combat Medic Training
Abstract:	Haptic interfaces are being designed to enhance immersive training opportunities in computer-based training environments. One potential application is the training of combat medics within realistic warfighting scenarios. The addition of haptic feedback can potentially enhance the perception of immersion, facilitate learning, and expand the breadth of skills that can be trained. However, while visual and auditory stimuli have long been effectively incorporated into immersive training environments, haptics stimulation has lagged behind, due in large part to factors such as cost and the immature state of haptics technologies. For this effort, CHI Systems, Inc. proposes to team with the University of Central Florida's Institute for Simulation and Training to investigate how best to use haptics to support the training of combat medic tasks. In Phase I, the project team will leverage and extend the extensive work performed by CHI Systems and IST in the areas of haptics training research and technology development to assess haptic technologies as they apply to training of 91W10 combat medic tasks. The analysis will result in the design of HapMed, an immersive computer-based training system envisioned to provide pedagogically sound training of combat medic tasks incorporating haptic feedback.

TACTICAL LANGUAGE TRAINING, LLC 13101 W. Washington Blvd #413 Los Angeles, CA 90066
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 566-7272 Dr. Andre Valente ARMY 05-216 Awarded: 10NOV05
Title:	Authoring and Personalization Technologies for Interactive Language and Culture Training
Abstract:	Tactical Language Training, LLC proposes to develop technologies for customizing computer-based language training to learner characteristics, and for authoring new training scenarios. These capabilities will be developed as extensions of the Tactical Language Training System (TLTS), an interactive speech-enabled language and culture training system, which is already in use within the US military. Trainees acquire linguistic and cultural knowledge oriented toward requirements of particular missions. They complete interactive lessons and exercises oriented toward specific mission skills, and then apply their skills in simulated missions where they much communicate with indigenous characters and develop their trust.

VCOM3D, INC. 3452 Lake Lynda Dr., Suite 260 Orlando, FL 32817
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 737-7309 Dr. Edward M. Sims ARMY 05-216 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	Enriched Cross-Cultural and Language Familiarization Training Tools
Abstract:	For this Phase I SBIR project, we will develop a design baseline for authoring tools and a run-time environment for creating and delivering vignettes for cross-cultural and foreign language training. As part of these training vignettes, the learner will be able to interact with role-playing virtual humans, representing indigenous characters, using a spoken language interface. These vignettes will place the learners in realistic situations in which they must try to elicit information from the simulated characters, or to influence their behavior. Depending on his/her spoken responses to the characters' statements or actions in various situations, the learner will receive feedback in any of three forms: by observing the reaction or response of the characters; by receiving remediation on pronunciation, intonation, or prosody; or by receiving direct feedback on the content of his/her spoken response, given the situation at hand and goal that is to be achieved. For Phase I, we will not only develop and document the design baseline, but will also implement proof-of-concept software to verify technical feasibility of selected components. For Phase II, we will develop a fully functional prototype of the Authoring Tool and run-time software, and evaluate its efficacy and efficiency by creating example learning content.

GS ENGINEERING, INC. 101 West Lakeshore Drive Houghton, MI 49931
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(906) 482-1235 Mr. Glen Simula ARMY 05-217 Selected for Award
Title:	Investigation into Novel Approaches�to Maximize the Performance of Lightweight Vehicular Mechanical Countermine Equipment
Abstract:	Due to the widespread use of landmines in past and current conflicts, effective mine-clearing systems are in ever-increasing demand in today's military and humanitarian efforts around the world. GS Engineering (GSE) has invented a unique system that will greatly advance the current state of the art in mine-clearing. Existing mine-clearing systems require significant tractive effort, thus forcing them to rely on large prime movers such as tanks, or other specialized vehicles. This new invention will allow lightweight vehicles to become mine-clearing capable, thus greatly increasing the capabilities and safety of deployed ground forces. This new device will be portable, modular, lightweight, scalable and adaptable to a wide variety of future and existing vehicle platforms. This countermine device will offer additional benefits such as reduced fuel costs, increased aircraft payload capacity, simplified logistics, reduced maintenance, and reduced shipping costs. GSE's new technology would also increase mine blast survivability and durability by increasing the stand-off distance from detonated mines. This will be achieved by innovative new techniques for mine neutralization, coupled with the use of advanced materials to provide increased durability.

TRITON SYSTEMS, INC. 200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-4200 Mr. Jim Gorman ARMY 05-218 Selected for Award
Title:	Novel Field Repair for Composite Armor (FRCA) (1000-754)
Abstract:	There is a need to develop field repair methods for Future Combat Systems (FCS) composite armor to restore ballistic threat protection until depot-level repairs can be made. Building upon the composite armor field repair database generated under the Composite Armor Vehicle and Crusader programs, Triton shall develop the Field Repair of Composite Armor (FRCA). FRCA has the potential to restore a significant portion of the as-made ballistic protection, yet repairs can be performed relatively quickly without the need for specialist skills. This is accomplished using a special repair tool that performs several critical process steps while assuring repair integrity, minimizing operator skill requirements and reducing repair time. In Phase I, materials, processes, tools and equipment used in the FRCA method shall be developed to the point of demonstration. Guided by team partner BAE Systems (was United Defense), composite armor panels representative of anticipated FCS configurations shall be produced. Ballistically damaged panels shall then be repaired using the FRCA repair method, demonstrating the applicability, final quality, skills and time required to perform the repairs. Both undamaged and damaged panels will be ballistic tested against representative FCS threats. Residual ballistic protection capability shall be measured to define the effectiveness of the repair.

MOBILE INTELLIGENCE CORP. 33150 Schoolcraft Road, Suite 108 Livonia, MI 48150
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 367-0430 Dr. Douglas C. MacKenzie ARMY 05-219 Awarded: 04NOV05
Title:	An Autonomous Control Package for UGVs
Abstract:	We propose building a bolt-on controller for teleoperated robots that provides autonomous operations in collaboration with the human operator. This will include a "follow that" capability where the robot will follow the operator or vehicle at a distance using vision, and a "go there" capability that will follow a path sketched on an image viewed from the robot's navigation camera. We will also explore the possibility of recognizing a small number of hand signals to allow controlling the robot without the screen-based interface. The operator will have full teleoperation capabilities to recover from failures. The system will use stereo vision for obstacle avoidance and visual odometry, avoiding relying on GPS and LADAR which are prone to failures. The operator control unit will be constructed from a standard hand-held computer with a wireless network to the robot. Bluetooth and 802.11 networks will be evaluated with respect to the emissions requirements and desired functionality to select the interface.

QUANTUM SIGNAL, LLC 3741 Plaza Drive, Suite 1 Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 994-0028 Dr. Mitchell M. Rohde ARMY 05-219 Awarded: 18NOV05
Title:	PointCom: Semi-Autonomous UGV Control with Intuitive Interface
Abstract:	Unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) will play an important role in the nation's next-generation ground forces. Unmanned systems will perform a wide variety of roles, including robotic mule applications, unarmed/armed reconnaissance, and EOD/IED (improvised explosive device) inspection and disposal. While the future vision for UGVs is one of fully autonomous navigation and control, current-generation UGVs are controlled manually. Manual teleoperation requires substantial attention of one or more soldiers, which is a significant burden. A desirable near-term approach to UGV control is semi-autonomy, which leverages the planning, reasoning, and situational awareness skills of a human operator while taking advantage of a UGV's ability to reliably perform low-level control tasks. Quantum Signal LLC proposes to develop PointCom (Point-and-Go Command): a semi-autonomous command system for one or multiple UGVs. The system will be easy to operate, and will enable significant reduction in operator workload by: 1) Developing an innovative, intuitive image-based control framework for UGV navigation; 2) Allowing a single operator to command formations of multiple UGVs. This system will leverage technology and expertise in robotics, signal/image processing, control, navigation, and commercial video game interfaces. Phase I will focus on research and design of the PointCom system, including tradeoff and feasibility analysis.

TURING ASSOC., INC. 1392 Honey Run Drive Ann Arbor, MI 48103
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 665-4818 Dr. Gary Witus ARMY 05-219 Awarded: 03NOV05
Title:	Supervisory Control for Unmanned Ground Vehicles
Abstract:	This project will develop interface methods, vision algorithms, and navigation behaviors for UGV supervisory control. Supervisory control reduces the operator workload while providing ease-of-use, predictability and responsiveness in unstructured, dynamic, and unpredictable real-world situations. In our concept, the operator interacts with the UGV via a touch-sensitive display showing video from an on-board navigation camera or a 3rd party camera in overwatch. The operator "clicks" on a single point to tell the UGV to "Go There!", sketches a path/waypoints, designates a lead vehicle, or assigns the UGV to follow video collected from an earlier lead vehicle. Sketched control measures direct the UGV to avoid selected types of terrain. We will develop core system functions for visual navigation, recognizing denied terrain, and visual homing. We will produce a demonstrator system, test data to assess performance and computational burden tradeoffs for alternative formulations, and a preliminary system design for Phase II implementation. Previous R&D demonstrated monocular video destination/waypoint tracking and visual terrain classification. We will investigate enhancements, including hybrid methods combining the best features of alternative algorithms. We will extend the methods to estimate distance, to incorporate data from additional sensors including stereo cameras, and to produce driving and navigation commands.

NOVELTECH, INC. 3725 Tremont Lane Ann Arbor, MI 48105
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 207-1990 Dr. Chunlei Xie ARMY 05-220 Awarded: 29NOV05
Title:	Smart Structures for MEMS Packaging and Shape Memory Alloys (SMA)
Abstract:	The overall objective of the program is to develop novel MEMS packaging concepts using SMA-based smart structures, especially to enhance sealing reliability, as well as flexibility in assembly/disassembly/packaging. The specific objectives of the program can be enumerated as follows: (1) Feasibility study on SMA micro-material system selection, Ferro-based SMA and SMA (Ferro plus NiTi) hybrid composition. (2) Investigation of micro-manufacturing processes, including micro-fabrication, thermalmechanical stabilization and shape memory training. (3) Evaluation of physical and mechanical properties, and relationship between material composition/processing condition and resulting characteristics.

APPLIED PERCEPTION, INC. 109 Gateway Avenue, Suite 201 Wexford, PA 15090
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(724) 934-8965 Dr. Patrick Rowe ARMY 05-221 Awarded: 28NOV05
Title:	A Payload, Controller and Communications Toolkit for Small Unmanned Ground Vehicles
Abstract:	The use of small unmanned ground vehicles in both military and civilian operations is rapidly growing. Unfortunately, vendors today only offer their own proprietary Operator Control Units and vehicle payloads that can only be used with their vehicle platform. The objective of this Phase I effort is to design a toolkit of common and interchangeable components for small unmanned ground vehicles to perform a variety of tasks such as grasping, carrying, digging, etc. The Small Unmanned Ground Vehicle Infrastructure Toolkit will include one or more manipulator and end-effector designs to accomplish a number of tasks, an Operator Control Unit that allows an operator to customize a controller of his choice for the manipulator device in a context sensitive fashion, and non-RF communication alternatives that the operator can select given the nature of the task. The interchangeable, plug-and-play nature of the toolkit will increase productivity by decreasing training time, improving operator skill, and simplifying logistics and maintenance. The deliverables will be prototype designs of the manipulator payloads, a prototype customizable Operator Control Unit, and a market survey of current non-RF based communication technologies.

RE2, INC. 10 Fortieth Street, Suite 222 Pittsburgh, PA 15201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(412) 681-6382 Mr. Jorgen Pedersen ARMY 05-221 Awarded: 17NOV05
Title:	Small Robot Infrastructure Toolkit
Abstract:	Military and Law Enforcement groups are increasingly relying on small robotic Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) to perform a number of tasks. Many currently fielded UGVs per-form admirably on the narrow set of tasks they were designed for, but are generally unsuitable for tasks that vary too widely from their core competencies. Our Small Robotic Infrastructure Toolkit (SRIT) - consisting of a low degree-of-freedom manipu-lator arm, interchangeable end-effectors, a complete communications package and an adaptive Operator Control Unit (OCU) - increases the capabilities of currently fielded robotic UGVs by increasing the number of tools and end effectors available to them. The "plug'n'play" style of our SRIT allows operators to choose the appropriate tool for the task, and quickly attach it to the manipulator arm. Our SRIT is designed to be generic and modular. As future tasks are identified, new end effectors can be easily designed and integrated into the existing system. The manipulator arm uses a "Black & Decker" inspired Power Take Off that provides power and control for attached end effectors. The interchangeable end effectors are designed to be easily replace-able low cost units.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Dr. William B.G. Agassounon ARMY 05-222 Selected for Award
Title:	Rapid Road Edge Detection Based on Biomimetic Image Processing
Abstract:	Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop a fast-response sensor system for road edge detection and rollover prevention, which incorporates our unique, ultra-fast image processing algorithm based on insect vision. The proposed system consists of: (1) A camera system comprising a monochrome video camera for clear daytime view and a long wavelength infrared camera for nighttime view and for detection through smoke, fog, rain, and snow; (2) A long-range, planar laser scanner for roadside terrain steepness assessment; (3) A processing module in which: (i) a biomimetic image processor detects edges present in the images in real time; (ii) a vector-based algorithm identifies the edges pertaining to the road among the detected edges; and (iii) a rollover threat algorithm detects the presence of negative terrain and warns the driver; and (4) A GUI displays the current road image, detected boundaries, and roadside terrain steepness. Phase I will: (1) Demonstrate the fast processing algorithms; (2) Demonstrate roadside terrain steepness assessment; (3) Determine optimal sensor placement using detection range and system response time as performance metrics; and (4) Develop a GUI. Phase II will develop a fully functional prototype and conduct field test.

AESOP, INC. One Merrill Crossing Bow, NH 03304
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 818-3332 Dr. James White ARMY 05-223 Awarded: 29NOV05
Title:	In-situ Measurement of Automotive Fluids Degradation by Micro-ESR Spectrometry
Abstract:	Optimized preventative maintenance schedules and in-situ monitoring of vehicle fluid conditions are essential for vehicle reliability, especially when operating in extreme conditions. In the particular case of engine oil, while many types of sensors exist, none directly measure in real time the chemical changes occurring as the oil degrades. A novel, miniature electron spin resonance oil condition sensor that electronically detects free radical concentration in engine oil is proposed. In combination with commercially-available pH, dielectric and humidity sensors adapted for automotive use, a full suite of onboard vehicle fluid diagnostic sensors can be implemented.

VISCA, LLC 2301 W. Big Beaver, Suite 950 Troy, MI 48084
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(248) 840-6575 Mr. Bill J. Harris ARMY 05-223 Awarded: 28NOV05
Title:	Multi-Tasked Microtechnology Based Sensor for Automotive Fluidic Analysis
Abstract:	The objective of this Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Program is to develop a microtechnology based inline capable multi-tasked sensor for automotive fluidic analysis. Optical spectrometer can provide signatures of fluid absorption changes associated with contamination. Raman is a powerful analysis technique that uses optical reflection and optical spectra due to molecular vibrations providing information on the composition and chemical makeup of samples. Initial work on prototype gratings (key component) shows a device with resolution exceeding that necessary for optical and Raman spectrometry. Since the fluidic sampling, light source and microspectrometer can all be integrated on chip in a sub centimeter sized package on one substrate, the device is expected to be very economical. Visca will develop ultra small microspectrometers on a chip that can be used for dual use for optical spectrometry and Raman spectrometry. Key prototype components of the system will be fabricated and tested during Phase I as a proof of concept demonstration of the technology. Visca will also design an integrated data acquisition and wireless data transmission system for the sensor. Finally, Visca will analyze the cost per unit to manufacture, cost savings to Department of Defense, and the dual use applicability of the sensing system.

WILLIAMS-PYRO, INC. 200 Greenleaf St. Fort Worth, TX 76107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(817) 872-1500 Mr. Kevin Le ARMY 05-223 Awarded: 23NOV05
Title:	Multi-Tasked Microtechnology Based Sensor for Automotive Fluidic Analysis
Abstract:	Williams-Pyro, Inc. (WPI) proposes to develop an optical MEMS multi-task fluidic analyzer (OMFA) that provides on-board diagnostic and prognostic capabilities for engine fluids. The basic function of OMFA is to automatically analyze and report the condition of engine fluids. WPI will develop a compact engine fluidic analyzing system consisting of a (1) sensor head that Senses changes in fluid's optical properties and (2) a sensor interrogator that interrogates the sensor. The interrogator contains optical elements, supporting electronics, and embedded software to process raw data into meaningful information indicating the fluid's condition. OMFA uses a MEMS Fabry-Perot optical cavity on top of the sensor head to diagnose fluid degradation. OMFA will be integrated with sophisticated electronic circuitry and embedded signal processing software algorithms that accurately interrogate the optical MEMS based fluidic sensor. Data generated from the interrogator will be sent to vehicle's data bus using a military-compatible communication protocol, which will be available to maintenance crews via the vehicle's computer interfaces.

WILLIAMS-PYRO, INC. 200 Greenleaf St. Fort Worth, TX 76107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(817) 872-1500 Mr. Kartik Moorthy ARMY 05-224 Awarded: 18NOV05
Title:	Rapidly Deployable Wireless Autonomous Surveillance & Warning System
Abstract:	Williams-Pyro, Inc. proposes to develop a network of portable, plug-and-play, distributed surveillance systems called Secure Wireless Ad-hoc Network Surveillance (SWANS) that integrates multiple disparate sensors (e.g., standard video, IR camera, seismic, chemical, acoustic sensors), automates processing, and provides key intelligence information to backend computer systems. SWANS system uses an ad hoc network of Wireless Sensor Nodes (WSN) that collects and processes data from existing mature sensors. In addition to processing visual information, the WSNs will process and transmit other sensory data such as that of intrusion detection, vibration, chemical detection, and other RF-based sensors, enabling SWANS to collaborate with existing C2 and C4ISR capabilities. As the WSNs collect data about the environment, they collaborate to assemble a comprehensive interpretation of the environment. The WSN processes all sensor data and sends it to a backend monitoring system. This backend monitoring system hosts agent-based software to perform several functions: condition monitoring; target identification, detection and classification; and geo-location. Once SWANS interprets the environment/target, it automatically updates the tasking for individual sensor systems to resolve remaining ambiguity or improve the system's ability to assess activity in the environment. Thus, SWANS provides maximum information with minimal human intervention.

LYNNTECH, INC. 7607 Eastmark Drive, Suite 102 College Station, TX 77840
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(979) 693-0017 Dr. Bikas Vaidya ARMY 05-225 Awarded: 18NOV05
Title:	A Novel Embedded Sensor Array for Corrosion Monitoring
Abstract:	Military vehicles such as trucks, tanks, aircraft, and ships are used in a variety of harsh environmental conditions such as salt water oceans, arid desserts, the humid tropics, as well as cold climates. As a result of these extreme environmental conditions, the Department of Defense spends close to $20 billion annually in corrosion-related maintenance, repair/replacement, and personnel costs. Corrosion can progress even beneath painted surfaces with no immediate visual evidence until substantial structural damage has occurred. To minimize the cost associate with extensive repairs, replacement and downtime, Lynntech proposes to develop a continuous corrosion monitoring system which will detect the rates of corrosion, allowing preventive measures to be taken prior to metal fatigue. Lynntech's approach is to use sacrificial metallic array based sensor which is placed underneath the layer of paint. The embedded corrosion sensor will detect and quantify the rate of corrosion and wirelessly transmit the information to handheld monitor. The simplicity and low costs make this technology an attractive solution to monitoring a large number of military vehicles.

EMITECH, INC. 476 Locust St., suite 5 Fall River, MA 02720
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 324-0758 Dr. I. A. levitsky ARMY 05-226 Selected for Award
Title:	Highly Sensitive and Selective Optochemical Sensors Based on Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite for Real-Time, Standoff Detection of Vehicle-Borne IEDs
Abstract:	We propose to study and develop a novel, highly sensitive and selective optochemical sensory system based on organic-inorganic nanocomposites for a real-time, standoff detection of vehicle-borne IEDs. The sensory part of the device will be composed of a mesoporous silicon microcavity (pore size of 20nm -100nm) filled with organic transducers (sensory emissive polymers or polymers blended with dyes) that are specific to analyte vapors. The unique nanodevice structure will provide a large surface interface between the sensory material and the analytes leading to the highest sensitivity, which is critical for the fast detection (dwell time is about of several tens seconds or even seconds) of low vapor pressure chemicals like many explosives. High selectivity will be provided by the precise positioning of the extremely narrow resonant peak (luminescence) and its intensity for each element of the sensor array. A sensor will be placed on the tip of the lightweight telescopic probe/console (length up to 20 m and longer) which can be mounted to HMMWV or other armor vehicles. Also, sensory head can be installed on the small robotic vehicle or mini unmanned plane (standoff distance is of 100 m) teleoperated from HMMWV. In Phase I, the proposed new concept should provide fabrication and preliminary test of novel nanocomposite sensory system with superior sensing properties to low volatility explosives. In Phase II, the system will be optimized (sensor array, MEMS format) to improve device performance and reduced its cost.

IKTARA & ASSOC. 8824 Burning Tree Road Bethesda, MD 20817
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 365-5332 Dr. Davinder K. Anand ARMY 05-227 Awarded: 10NOV05
Title:	Development of an Intelligent Design Information Management System
Abstract:	Commercially available software systems for mechanical design only store the final design, and all intermediate information generated during the design process is lost. This intermediate information, however, is quite valuable in understanding the thought process through which the initial requirements are transformed into the final design. The loss of information prevents efficient utilization of previous design information in subsequent design projects. Even if some design information is archived, existing software systems do not provide an efficient content-based search tools to search through the archived information. We propose to develop a methodology and a system that will allow designers to effectively archive and retrieve design history, specifications, requirements, function, geometry, test results, and rationale information during the design process. The proposed work consists of the following tasks: (1) development of a comprehensive design information model, (2) assessment of Feasibility of Using Standards in Information Representations, (3) development of a framework to support customizable search criteria, and (4) development of a new framework to support multi-modal search.

IMAGINESTICS, LLC 1220 Potter Drive, Suite 124 West Lafayette, IN 47906
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(765) 464-1700 Mr. Nainesh Rathod ARMY 05-227 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Development of an Intelligent Design Information Management System
Abstract:	The US Army is currently faced with a serious obstcale in its effort to undertake rapid and cost efficient upgrade of its weapons platforms due to the inability of CAD applications to archive and retrieve existing design information. This inability is mainly due to the lack of an archival system to store important design information and inadequacy of available technologies in allowing efficient access to the inventory of design data on parts, components and assemblies stored in disparate systems and formats and . Imaginestics' proposes to research and develop a Design Reuse Management System (DRMS) that will fulfill the Army's needs for Design Reuse and will deliver the following: An Archival Technology "i-Archive" which will allow the designer to archive Geometrical Design Knowledge and Function and Specification Design Knowledge using shape-based retrieval of 3D geometric data and by integrating partial NLP techniques and Ontology representations. An Integrated Design Search Technology "i-Search" using Geometric Query Processing and Function and Specification/Text Query Processing. As a part of the option, we propose to continue further development of the capability of the 3DShape Search engine to identify matching interfaces with a view to promote interchangeability of parts within a product family and across platforms.

MTS TECHNOLOGIES 2800 Shirlington Road, Suite 1000 Arlington, VA 22206
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 262-3717 Mr. Peter Knaze ARMY 05-228 Selected for Award
Title:	Novel Vehicle and Fleet Reliability & Cost Modeling Tools
Abstract:	This project will develop the methodologies and modeling tools for predicting reliability, performance, and cost as integrated functions within a system framework. The methods and tools will provide for the evaluation of reliability, performance, and costs of fleets of vehicles down to the component level. The product resulting from this research will enable managers and engineers to identify and prioritize those parameters that drive reliability, performance, and cost by providing analysis in the form of trade off models. The ultimate goal of the methodologies and tools to be developed is to achieve improved levels of reliability and performance in existing and emerging products at comparable or lower costs. With this tool, managers, engineers, designers, and others could assess the predicted effects of issues such as materials and manufacturing variability on the reliability, performance, and cost of current and emerging systems. Statistical analysis techniques and algorithms supporting the developed methodologies will be implemented and applied within the system framework. The system would also provide the capability to compare the system generated predictions with actual performance, reliability, and cost data collected on deployed systems. This will enable a closed loop performance based logistics system.

VEXTEC CORP. 750 Old Hickory Blvd, Building 2, Suite 270 Brentwood, TN 37027
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(615) 372-0299 Dr. Animesh Dey ARMY 05-228 Selected for Award
Title:	Novel Vehicle and Fleet Reliability & Cost Modeling Tools
Abstract:	OEMs have historically been forced into short term planning due to the nature of the market for their products; however they have increasingly turned to a new agile approach to planning of design and production. Tools for the development and exploitation of capabilities need to be developed to be successful in a changing, nonlinear, uncertain and unpredictable environment. Specifically simulation and analysis of possible vehicle design performance and reliability in the various operating environments while considering cost trade-offs is a paramount need. The reliability of the final system is a function of the reliability of all of the parts, including interconnections between the parts. If component reliability is sufficiently understood, it becomes possible to mathematically model the contributions to overall system reliability from each of the lower level elements. This SBIR will build on the existing capability used within the automotive sector to develop the methodology and modeling tools for predicting reliability, performance, and cost of future military systems as integrated functions. Using such a tool, engineers, designers, and others could assess the real world effect of issues such as materials and manufacturing variability for concentrating design controls on parameters most likely to drive reliability and performance.

IDETIX SOFTWARE SYSTEMS 2399 E. Walton Blvd. Auburn Hills, MI 48326
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(248) 373-9550 Mr. Jay Williamson ARMY 05-229 Selected for Award
Title:	Web-Centric Intelligent Agent Support Agent for the Retrieval and Distribution of Acquisition and Program Information (WISARD-API)
Abstract:	Key to the development and delivery of a successful IA work product is technology developed by Idetix, Inc. The Idetix eScoreT tool set allows for rapid deployment of a full Net-Centric information sharing environment with distributed databases. In essence, the Idetix eScoreT tool set may be thought of as a universal "plug-and-play" environment for web based applications that facilitates information sharing, (read/write/analysis/presentation), between dynamically changing individuals, groups and databases. The Idetix eScoreT tool set is a proprietary, fifth generation computer language that was conceived to solve the perpetual IT problem of marrying new or different operating systems (OS) to legacy databases (DB's) and customized in-house programs. It consists of 3 parts: an engine for web-based applications, a TCPIP/peer-to-peer server, and an API that works with C, C++, VB, Delphi, Borland Builder, C Sharp, VB.NET, and Visual C++. The engine uses base tags for function calls and inserts tags for specific data and display. The algorithms used in the language automate the functionality of the engine and API to such a degree that 90% reductions in customized coding requirements are not uncommon!

PPMA, LLC 1333 Woodgate Drive Carmel, IN 46033
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(317) 566-8969 Dr. Chaman Lall ARMY 05-231 Awarded: 16NOV05
Title:	Develop New Innovative Driveline Designs and Components for Improved Service Life, Performance and Durability
Abstract:	PPMA, LLC, proposes development of an innovative universal joint for Class 8 Trucks that is lubrication-free, requires no maintenance, and improves operational performance. It will rely on unique surface design (GC) technology, proven on the HMMWV in field tests. The technology received the Army 1995 Quality Award and acclaim at the 2004 NATO RTE Conference. To meet greater torque load requirements of Class 8 trucks, we propose to develop a high strength lubricious material, interactively integrated with surface configurations determined by GC calculations. Bench testing will demonstrate increased load-carrying capacity of this new tribological system. The design promises solutions to driveline wobbulation and vibrations, which lead to catastrophic driveline failures, and often cause contiguous subsystem damage. It removes all moving parts (roller needles and washers). There is no need for channels in the cross to serve as grease reservoirs. The stronger cross improves its performance, durability, reliability, fuel efficiency, and readiness.

W.C. BOSK, INC. 914 North Lincoln Rd Escanaba, MI 49829
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(906) 789-1112 Mr. Brian K. Bosk ARMY 05-231 Awarded: 08DEC05
Title:	Develop New Innovative Driveline Designs and Components for Improved Service Life, Performance and Durability
Abstract:	Design complete drive line protection for the M915(Truck Family). It will come in the form of a proven concept known as, the W.C. Bosk wedge clutch. We will obtain techincal data from the army and OEM on the vehicle. From this information we will determine a mounting area on the problem drive shaft. Also from this data we will be able to, calculate the maximum torque the problem shaft will take before failure occurs. We will then design a wedge clutch that will fit into the designated mounting area. After knowing the failure point and the size of clutch the mounting area will accomodate, we will design a working clutch which can be retrofitted on the vehicle. The clutch will be designed to slip, at a rated torque load just prior to the failure point. After the torque is reduced in the drive line, the clutch will reset itself allowing the vehicle to continue on, rather than being in need of broke drive line repairs or rear end repairs.

LOC PERFORMANCE PRODUCTS, INC. 13505 Haggerty Road Plymouth, MI 48170
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 453-2300 Mr. James Pergeau ARMY 05-232 Selected for Award
Title:	New Leap-ahead Technology and Innovative Final Drive Design Approaches
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to demostrate the feasibility of using improved materials in the design of Final Drives in conjuction with improved lubricants, seal technology and gear technology that may result in a two (2)fold increase in reliability/durability. These gains can be used in a new design for military and commericial Final Drives to reduce overall unit size, weight and generation which can also be translated into improved efficiency. As an off shoot, a sensor alert system would be developed to detect temperature extremes and low lube levels. The development of gear technology will be evaluating alternative gear profiles, along with improved gear profile finishes/tolerances. In Phase I Loc will complete the prototype analysis of the above mentioned design features leading to the Phase II development of a tested unit in order to verify as anticipated (2)fold improvement in durability.

FILTER SCIENCE, INC. 31514 Yucaipa Blvd., Suite D Yucaipa, CA 92399
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(909) 389-0682 Mr. Philip H. Schneider ARMY 05-233 Selected for Award
Title:	Air Filter Integrity and Serviceability Testing
Abstract:	This proposal will extend the service life of air filters and engines. Filters will be tested for leakage (structural integrity) and air-flow restriction when vehicles are serviced. Good-condition filters will be kept in service, saving money and landfill space. At any time (including brand new), filters may start leaking dust and dirt, causing excessive engine wear. Those filers will be detected early. Our machine will test each filter up to its maximum rated air flow. We will feed calibrated test dust upstream and count leaked particles downstream with a laser particle counter. A manometer will measure pressure drop. Sensors will transmit data to a computer where filter efficiencies (dust leakage) and pressure drops (restriction) are calculated to reveal defective filters. Filters cleaned for reuse will benefit greatly. Accumulated data will answer questions like "how many times can a filter be cleaned" and "how many hours of pulse-jet cleaning can an M1 Vee Pac filter really take before media separation begins?" This testing can be easily and inexpensively performed in a shop. Testing requires no vehicle modifications or manufacturer participation. Acquired data will aid filter management and allow comparison of brands.

TDA RESEARCH, INC. 12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 940-2349 Dr. Gokhan Alptekin ARMY 05-234 Awarded: 22NOV05
Title:	Advanced Amorphous Metal Membranes for Hydrogen Separation
Abstract:	The major drawback to the use of fuel cells as electric generators by deployed forces is their inability to directly use battlefield fuels. Low temperature fuel cells require a relatively pure, concentrated hydrogen stream, with very low levels of sulfur and carbon monoxide in order to prevent poisoning of fuel cell anode catalysts, and even the far more robust high temperature solid oxide fuel cells are poisoned by sulfur. TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) proposes to develop a CO and sulfur tolerant membrane, a key component of a compact fuel processor, to produce the clean hydrogen from high sulfur logistics fuel. In Phase I project, we will develop a sulfur tolerant membrane and demonstrate its performance for separating H2 from a high sulfur reformate. We will also carry out a preliminary design of the membrane module to produce the required hydrogen flow rate to run a 10 kWe fuel cell. In Phase II, we will further improve and scale-up the membrane.

GREAT LAKES SOUND & VIBRATION, INC. 47140 N Main St. Houghton, MI 49931
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(906) 482-7535 Mr. Stephen E. Polakowski ARMY 05-235 Selected for Award
Title:	Vehicle Acoustic Signature Reduction�
Abstract:	US troops are beginning to discover tactical advantages offered by quiet vehicles. This is partially due to the recent deployment of the Stryker. As a result, requests to reduce vehicle noise are becoming more frequent. The HMMWV will be used as a basis for developing an acoustic signature reduction process. The US ground vehicle fleet contains a large number of these vehicles being used in current theaters of war and the need to make them quieter is eminent. Development of an acoustic signature reduction kit will provide wide reaching benefits as HMMWV is being used in urban, convoy, and reconnaissance missions. Great Lakes Sound & Vibration (GLSV) proposes to use and expand proven experimental procedures to quantify vehicle acoustic signature and identify important noise sources. Interpretation of acquired data will yield conclusive identification and ranking of noise sources. Treatment concepts and specifications will be developed using both test results and detectability estimates. The comprehensive data-driven approach to the development of a treatment kit as well as a procedure for doing so differentiates this effort from others.

NANODYNAMICS-88, INC. 34 East 29th Street New York, NY 10016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(212) 686-0759 Dr. Chia-Gee Wang ARMY 05-236 Selected for Award
Title:	Silicon Carbide MOSFET
Abstract:	The 4H-SiC can be fabricated on the <0001> silicon surface if the fabrication temperature can be under silicon processing, if the lattice mismatch between SiC and Si<0001> is only a few percent, and if the incorporation of silicon and carbon atoms can be epitaxial. The silicon-based superlattice approach satisfies all the above mentioned conditions and would produce the Si/C superlattice on the Si<0001> substrate for power MOSFET construction. A simple MOSFET with Schottky-based drain and source has been considered. It will be designed and evaluated under Phase I and be constructed and tested under Phase II. Other power MOSFET designs will also be considered and compared under Phase II efforts, leading to dual use production for military as well as commercial applications.

UNITED SILICON CARBIDE, INC. New Brunswick Technology Center, 100 Jersey Ave.B New Brunswick, NJ 08901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 565-9500 Dr. X. Larry Li ARMY 05-236 Selected for Award
Title:	Reliable, High Temperature Silicon Carbide MOSFET
Abstract:	In response to SBIR topic A05-236, a proposal based on a novel concept in MOSFET design and fabrication is proposed to address the problems of (i) low channel mobility, (iii) low and unstable threshold voltage, and (iii) low gate oxide reliability under both high electric field and high temperature. Phase I will be focused on feasibility demonstration. A physics-based device model will be developed to predict the device performance including DC and switching characteristics as well as temperature dependence. A structure will be designed to target >1kV blocking voltage. High channel mobility fabrication processes will be developed and lateral MOSFETs will be fabricated to confirm the achievement of a larger than 100cm2/Vs channel mobility in Phase I. A batch of the proposed vertical power MOSFET will be fabricated in Phase I, aiming at demonstrating a record high performance, including blocking voltage >1KV, a forward current >3A and a specific on resistance <10m�,cm2 with a threshold voltage >2V as well as a substantially improved threshold stability. Upon feasibility demonstration in Phase I, Phase II major R&D work will be focused on pushing up the MOSFET power capability, further reducing the specific on resistance, substantially improve threshold voltage stability, and drastically increase gate oxide reliability.

ADIABATICS, INC. 3385 Commerce Drive Columbus, IN 47201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(812) 372-5052 Dr. Philipe Saad ARMY 05-237 Selected for Award
Title:	Compact Turbochargers for High Power Density Diesel Engines
Abstract:	A high-power density, low specific heat rejection diesel engine design for traditional and hybrid future combat system (FCS) vehicle configurations is being proposed. The total propulsion system of the vehicle hybrid configuration will fit the future vehicle assigned space/volume by TACOM's vehicle concept laboratory. The proposed engine will have a high-pressure common rail fuel injection system, additional electronic power kit, and two turbochargers to increase the intake boost pressure, and to decrease the exhaust gas temperature at full load and various speeds. The two turbochargers will be controlled by two electronic sensors, which will control the flow of the exhaust gas trough the exhaust port of each turbocharger. These two sensors are affected by the engine exhaust gas temperature, and engine speed. The engine parts will be coated with tribological and thermal barrier coatings to reduce the friction and wear between the rotating and sliding engine parts, and to reduce the heat rejection to the coolant and to the ambient. The engine test will be run to determine engine performance, and engine endurance. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Adiabatic, and National transport University-Adiabatics mathematical computer programs, and modeling/ simulations graphic use interface will be used in this program to determine the engine parameters. The simulation modeling, computations and layout design will include the concept of modular designs of the total propulsion system components as cooling system, fuel injection system, lubricating system, and turbocharger system.

ADVANCED ENGINES DEVELOPMENT CORP. 4338 West Monarch Place Milwaukee, WI 53208
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(414) 342-1881 Mr. Nicholas R. Hirsch ARMY 05-237 Awarded: 13DEC05
Title:	Advanced Military Diesel Engine Technologies Demonstrator
Abstract:	Combining AED Corp. and its multi-disciplinary team's extensive and unique heavy fuel engine (HFE) hardware development experience with commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) diesel engine components, a concept diesel engine demonstrator (CDED) will be designed. Configured to facilitate dyno test exploration of power density, heat rejection, and fuel efficiency, the lubrication, cooling, and supercharger will be separately controlled. A structurally robust, DOHC 4-valve global COTS engine, with its abundance of super duty components, will be the diesel technology's development base. The CDED will be built and dyno tested to evaluate design concepts and advanced performance technologies. Knowledge gained will advance the design of the follow-on 300 and 600-hp Advanced Military Diesel Engine (AMDE) demonstrators. U.S. truck and European auto diesels incorporate the advanced technologies and components required to provide the ADME technology base. Likewise, regenerative braking hybrid electric drive buses, SUVs, trucks and autos incorporate the technologies and components required for hybrid electric propulsion systems. Results of this work and future R&D will be the development of dual use HPD, LSHR diesel technologies to a state readily adaptable to multi-cylinder engines 50 to 600-hp; deliver two developed AMDE demonstrators suitable for production prototyping; and the hybrid electric drive concept engineering to incorporate both in selected FCS HEVs.

BARRON ASSOC., INC. 1410 Sachem Place, Suite 202 Charlottesville, VA 22901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 973-1215 Mr. Jason O. Burkholder ARMY 05-238 Selected for Award
Title:	An Autonomous Health Monitoring System for Hybrid Propulsion Vehicles
Abstract:	Barron Associates, Inc. (BAI) and its subcontractor, Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), propose to develop an autonomous health monitoring system capable of diagnosing system failures and predicting the remaining life of hybrid propulsion vehicle systems. The research and development effort will leverage BAI's generic diagnostic algorithms and SwRI's hybrid propulsion systems expertise and extensive testing facilities. For the diagnostic solution, BAI proposes a fault detection and isolation (FDI) methodology that it has developed for widespread application to complex dynamical systems. The FDI algorithm is able to detect and isolate sensor, actuator, and plant faults by exploiting analytic redundancy that exists among various subsets of available actuator input and sensor output data. In addition, predicting the time and distance that the remaining energy sources could sustain operation is possible using the state estimates provided by the diagnostic system. SwRI's latest generation of vehicle modeling software, which will be used as the Phase I development platform, is the Rapid Automotive Performance Testing and Optimization Resource (RAPTOR). RAPTOR is a modular modeling and development simulation tool for vehicle fuel economy, performance, and emissions in both virtual and hardware-in-the-loop environments. RAPTOR will be used to configure virtual hybrid propulsion military vehicles from existing component models.

INFINIA CORP. 6811 West Okanogan Avenue Kennewick, WA 99336
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(509) 735-4700 Mr. MAURICE A. WHITE ARMY 05-239 Selected for Award
Title:	Stirling Engine for Tactical Army Application
Abstract:	The U.S. military, in transitioning to a more mobile and networked Future Force, has increasing needs for small, quiet, lightweight, reliable power systems to supply energy for a variety of mission needs while minimizing logistical impact. Increased need for clean, portable, efficient power generation is punctuated by the new systems being developed for the Future Combat System, including the Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (C4ISR), and Land Warrior platforms. The hardware deployed in these new computerized technologies requires premium power delivered reliably. Infinia Corporation proposes to develop a 5 kW multi-cylinder, free-piston Stirling engine (MCFPSE) that combines the benefits of high power density kinematic Stirling engines with free-piston longevity and reliability. This new and unique combination of proven, mature elements provides a low-risk approach to provide high power levels in a compact package with high efficiency and high reliability.

GS ENGINEERING, INC. 101 West Lakeshore Drive Houghton, MI 49931
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(906) 482-1235 Glen Simula ARMY 05-240 Awarded: 08DEC05
Title:	Integrated Starter/Alternator for Military Tactical Vehicles
Abstract:	The current fuel economy of military vehicles limits the effectiveness of the deployment into various theaters. As Future Combat Systems (FCS) vehicles are developed, fuel economy, overall weight, performance, power generation, survivability, emissions and maintenance will highlight the need for hybrid vehicle designs. The first step towards a hybrid vehicle design is an Integrated Starter Alternator (ISA). By utilizing an ISA, technologies such as start / stop and idle down can be implemented to increase fuel savings and reduce harmful emissions. Additionally, through the use of Permanent Magnet Machines increased generation capabilities will be available to support future technologies such as; active suspension, active differential, electric motors and defrosting technologies. Investigation of multiple ISA technology partners by GS Engineering (GSE) will create a detailed design matrix that will highlight all successful integration technologies of our partners and how they can be deployed across specific vehicle platforms. Utilizing comprehensive experience in vehicle design and analysis, a selected ISA will be integrated into a selected target vehicle. This integration employs the proven strengths of GSE in the areas of design and analysis, vehicle integration and allows for an ISA integration that fulfills all of the required needs of an ISA.

SATCON TECHNOLOGY CORP. 27 Drydock Avenue Boston, MA 02210
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 897-2447 Dr. Edward Lovelace ARMY 05-240 Selected for Award
Title:	Dual-Use Integrated Starter/Generator (ISG) for Tactical Military Vehicles
Abstract:	SatCon proposes to develop a dual-use Integrated Starter/Generator (ISG) for military and commercial vehicles. Our proposed machine type is an interior PM (IPM) machine which is ideally suited to ISG applications because of high power density due to the PM field production, and inherent field weakening capability due to the salient rotor. Using an IPM results in an optimized machine-drive system because the inverter can be a standard six-switch bridge with lower device voltage requirements than if a conventional PM machine is used. SatCon will use our Advanced Automotive Power Module (AIPM) as the basis for a low cost, high power density inverter to drive the ISG. We will work with an industrial partner on developing requirements and design methods for severe environment and duty cycle applications, and for a Phase II commercial demonstration system. We will also work with magnet manufacturers on selecting appropriate materials considering the high vehicle application temperatures, and on developing cost effective manufacturing techniques for assembling and magnetizing the PM rotor.

MICROCELL TECHNOLOGIES 410 Great Road, Suite C-2 Littleton, MA 01460
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 952-6947 Dr. Michael C. Kimble ARMY 05-241 Awarded: 18NOV05
Title:	Hydrogen Production from Inorganic Compounds
Abstract:	A chemical hydride reactor is proposed by MicroCell Technologies, LLC to produce hydrogen gas for backup fuel cell power generators. In the Phase I program, we will develop and demonstrate our reactor design to operate with unpurified water sources to efficiently react all of the chemical hydride in a controllable manner. With this approach, it will be possible to use a variety of water sources including seawater and surface water with the chemical hydride reactor to produce high purity hydrogen gas for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell backup power generator. This hydrogen generator will shorten the start-up time for delivering hydrogen gas to the fuel cell generator allowing it to provide power quicker for forward theatre operations. During the Phase I program, we will develop the reaction process and control function culminating in a bench-scale reactor. With this approach, a Phase II program will culminate in a fast-start fuel processor designed to produce hydrogen for a 5 kW PEM fuel cell at 80 liters/min for 12 hours having an energy capacity of 837 W-hr/kg and 825 W-hr/liter.

MILLENNIUM CELL 1 Industrial Way West Eatontown, NJ 07724
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 544-5706 Dr. RIchard M. Mohring ARMY 05-241 Awarded: 23NOV05
Title:	Hydrogen Production from Inorganic Compounds
Abstract:	Fuel cell power sources offer numerous benefits over conventional power sources like diesel engines for deployment at forward operating bases, silent watch and other applications important to the armed forces. However, the major technical challenge in the implementation of PEM fuel cells is a suitable hydrogen source. For these applications fuel processors based on hydrolysis of chemical hydrides provide a safe hydrogen source when low noise, low thermal signature and rapid start-up under low footprint conditions are required. This proposal focuses on the use of Sodium Borohydride (NaBH4) as the hydrogen source. We will address the feasibility of operating our proprietary Hydrogen on Demandr (HODT) fuel processors with water available in the field. We will establish the tolerance of the systems to impurities present in field water and make design modifications to include water purification systems and suitable catalyst technology in the design. This will result in a 5 kW power system design that takes advantage of the high intrinsic gravimetric storage density of sodium borohydride fuel. Technology developed here will also be applicable over a wide range of military and commercial applications at power levels ranging from <100 W to >5 kW.

APPLIED SPECTRA P.O. Box 5049 Walnut Creek, CA 94596
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 888-0381 Dr. Jong Yoo ARMY 05-242 Awarded: 10NOV05
Title:	Detection of Contaminants in Petroleum Sources using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I proposal describes the feasibility of using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) for detecting contaminants in petroleum sources. Applied Spectra believes that LIBS using a broadband spectrometer/ICCD system can be a compelling platform for developing highly portable, rugged, and robust detection system. This Phase I project will emphasize the identification of relevant broadband LIBS signatures for different petroleum products of interest to the Army and the ability of LIBS to analyze foreign and naturally occurring contaminants in the fuel. LIBS has been a strong candidate for numerous applications in security, force protection, and detection of hazardous materials, as emphasized by the Army Research Laboratory.

POLARIS SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 200 Westside Square, Suite 320 Huntsville, AL 35801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 562-0087 Dr. David Chenault ARMY 05-242 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Detection of Contaminants in Petroleum
Abstract:	Detection of contaminants in petroleum is highly desirable in order to prevent devastating effects of sabotage or to prolong the life and enhance the efficiency of engines. Analysis of the chemical composition of a fluid can provide an abundance of information on quality, by allowing for the detection of both contaminants and naturally occurring components. Establishing a library of contaminants and normal constituents will allow for the user to rapidly establish the properties and quality of the sample. As part of this SBIR, Polaris will develop a portable instrument package that rapidly and accurately detects contaminants in petroleum products, including chemical and biological agents of both naturally occurring and illicit origin. The Phase I will be a study phase to determine the optimum detection capabilities with the minimal complexities and cost. The robust instrumental package that will identify and quantify the dangers of contaminated fuels in the field will be developed in Phase II. The primary development path will consist of a robust yet low cost, broadband spectroscopic device based on a fiber optic based spectrometer with no moving parts.

SENSPEX, INC. 333 Rio Rancho Blvd. NE. , Suite 105 Rio Rancho, NM 87124
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 891-0034 Mr. Miguel Moreno ARMY 05-243 Awarded: 13DEC05
Title:	Rapid Detection of Biological and Chemical Contaminants in Water with Evanescent field Coherent-Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Abstract:	A novel sensor based upon Coherent-Surface-Enhanced Raman scattering (CSERS) is being proposed for rapid detection of biological and chemical contaminants in water. The main characteristic of this sensor is a periodic array of metal nanoparticles or nanoshells deposited on the surface of an optical fiber waveguide. The nanoparticles/nanoshells will be deposited and immobilized in a periodic array by nanosphere lithography.This single fiber will transport the exciting laser radiation by the total internal reflection. The evanescent field at the interface (fiber/water) will interact with biological and chemical contaminant molecules adsorbed onto or near the surface of the metal nanoparticles producing the Raman shifted signal coherently amplified by the propagating coherent surface plasmons. These CSERS signals will enter the waveguide and be directed to a spectrometer. The sensor will work as an attached device to a normal Raman identification system developed by Senspex. This will turn a normal Raman system into a CSERS system.

TRANSLUME 655 Phoenix Drive Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 528-6135 Mr. Thomas Haddock ARMY 05-243 Awarded: 13DEC05
Title:	Integrated flow cytometer for on-line, real-time unlabeled bio detection in potable water
Abstract:	Quantifying and classifying biological particles (bacteria, viruses, and cells) in drinking water and on beaches is critical to human health and environmental safety. The optimal solution is an on-line, real-time detection system continuously monitoring water without calibration or other attention. This technology has been elusive. Lab-on-a-chip ("LOC") PCR DNA detectors are viable contenders, but are a long way off. Flow cytometry uses optical techniques to detect and classify cells as they flow past in an on-line stream and integrates the cumulative signal to the desired detection level without pre-concentrators (another technology that is some time off). Translume's ability to write optical waveguides and complex microfluidic channels in a glass monolith enables a compact and robust micro flow cytometer (MFC), reducing this complex and delicate instrument into a simple single-piece unit. The MFC will address sample preparation, pre-concentration, and process time, all significant difficulties facing on-line water monitoring systems. Translume proposes to design and prototype an MFC in a single block of glass to determine the viability of this approach to yield a robust and field-deployable device for on-line water monitoring.

CORNERSTONE RESEARCH GROUP, INC. 2750 Indian Ripple Rd. Dayton, OH 45440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 320-1877 Mr. Benjamin A Dietsch ARMY 05-244 Awarded: 15NOV05
Title:	Smart, Rapid Release Fasteners for Appliqu� Armor
Abstract:	In this Phase I effort, Cornerstone Research Group, Inc. (CRG) proposes to demonstrate the feasibility of an innovative smart fastener design. Novel armor fastening technologies must be developed for next-generation composite armor. These fastening systems must be quick and easy to install and maintain, require no structural modification to the current vehicle fleet, and support the weight of the armor under ballistic attack and low frequency fatigue. CRG will design, fabricate, and evaluate proof-of-concept fasteners that meet and exceed the Army's armor fastening needs. CRG's demonstrated expertise in the proposed technology areas presents the Army with the opportunity to obtain a novel fastening technology for appliqu� armor. CRG's track record for innovating new materials and processing technologies positions CRG for successful implementation of the novel fastening technology that meets the Army's operational needs.

EIC LABORATORIES, INC. 111 Downey Street Norwood, MA 02062
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 769-9450 Dr. Michael D. Gilbert ARMY 05-244 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Innovative Armor Fastening Technology (s) for Tactical Vehicles of the Current and the Future Force
Abstract:	Electrically releasing adhesives are proposed as innovative fasteners for attaching modular armor to military vehicles. Bonds formed with these adhesives will provide durable, high strength (>2000 psi shear), mechanically robust attachments, that can be rapidly released, on-demand by the application of a low power current (10-50 volts d.c., <0.5 watts/square inch). Combination of these attachments with an internal spring mechanism results in the formation of a remote release device that can be used to pop-off individual tiles of armor when desired. The proposed fasten and release system is lightweight, inexpensive and highly conformable. It can be used to join a wide variety of dissimilar materials including metals, ceramics and polymer composites and it is readily adaptable to any size or shape of armor used. In the phase I, concepts for model armor tile release devices will be evaluated. These devices will allow rapid ejection of the tile from a remote location and rapid reattachment of replacements under field conditions. Novel electrically releasing adhesives will be formulated to meet these challenges. Bond strengths to various substrates will be measured and environmental durability will be assessed.

ARMORWORKS, INC. 7306 S. Harl Avenue Tempe, AZ 85283
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(480) 682-1005 Dr. Ken-An Lou ARMY 05-245 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Mine Blast Attenuating Seating
Abstract:	The objective of this Phase I proposal is to demonstrate a mineblast attenuating crew seat system that prevents spinal compression injuries by attenuating the accelerative forces caused by landmine detonations. Design acceleration pulses for military tactical vehicle seats will be defined and quantified. Various energy absorber devices and design parameters will be evaluated and selected for mine blast attenuating crew seat applications. A mine blast attenuating crew seat design concept will be demonstrated along with a system weight and cost budgets. A computer simulation including energy absorber/seat/dummy models will be presented to prove the crew seat design concept. Taking advantages of using extensive mine blast attenuating seat test data and validated numerical energy absorber/seat/dummy models based on a current contract between ArmorWorks and Army Research Laboratory will expedite the success of this SBIR Phase I program.

SAFE, INC. 6536 E. Gainsborough Rd. Scottsdale, AZ 85251
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(480) 659-8607 Mr. Stanley P. Desjardins ARMY 05-245 Awarded: 15NOV05
Title:	Innovative Energy Absorbing Seat For Army Ground Vehicles
Abstract:	The proposed effort includes a literature search, vehicle characteristics definition, mine blast environment definition, and dynamic seat-occupant modeling with mine blast environment simulation. The product of this effort will be the analytical definition of the optimum energy absorbing characteristics for protecting occupants of lightweight military vehicles exposed to mine blasts. The Phase I effort will result in the development of analytical data that defines the influences of variables and the requirements for optimizing energy absorbing seats specifically for this mine blast environment and class of military vehicles. A mine blast resistant seat concept will be developed incorporating the technical guidance resulting from the foregoing investigation as well as ergonomic and field use considerations.

LIUMAN TECHNOLOGIES 3773 Viceroy Dr. Okemos, MI 48824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(517) 353-6716 Dr. Michael A. Zampaloni ARMY 05-246 Selected for Award
Title:	Design of Composite Vehicle Structures and Armors against Blast Attacks
Abstract:	Although there are some analytical tools available in the literature, they are not necessary aiming at blast survivability designs. Although there are some composite armors available in the market, they are not necessary of optimal designs. There is still a room to improve the analytical tools and a way to achieve optimal designs. In fact, efforts in research and development for analytical tools and composite designs are continuously required. This proposed program is to develop a multi-functional blast model which accounts for various environments, such as in open air and buried by soil and to formulate a numerically accurate and computationally efficient computer code which can be used for designing thick-section composites, sandwich composite structures and hybrid composite armors. Combining the blast model and the computer code, the analytical tool will be used to design composite structures and composite armors for the Future Combat Systems manned ground vehicles. As all analytical tools require validation and all simulation results require verification, an innovative experimental technique will be used to complete the optimization process of the composite designs. The innovative technique is based on a laboratory testing facility which is capable of providing necessary tests simulating violent environments encountered in Army's operations, such as blast attack and ballistic impact. This proposed program, if accomplished, will help to improve the composite designs and to accelerate the composite vehicles production. A business based on the end products, i.e. the complete design system and optimal composite designs, will prove to be beneficial to both military and civilian applications because they are useful to fight wars in the combat zone as well as in the homeland.

MKP STRUCTURAL DESIGN ASSOC., INC. 3003 Washtenaw Ave., Suite 1-E Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 975-8860 Dr. Zheng-Dong Ma ARMY 05-246 Awarded: 13DEC05
Title:	Advanced Analytical Models for Innovative Vehicle Composite Structures Against land Explosives
Abstract:	We propose to develop advanced analytical models and design tools for innovative composite structures in Future Combat Systems (FCS), which are able to protect vehicle and occupants against antitank (AT) landmines and Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs). The ultimate goal is to fill the gap between the advanced blast simulation and the innovative composite structure design with the integrated new simulation and design capabilities. The proposed effort will lead to an effective design tool, which can be used in a function-oriented design environment for optimizing multidisciplinary objectives for composite structures, including blast protection, structural performance, light weight, and low cost. We propose a multi-level and multi-scenario blast simulation system, which integrates an advanced soil-blast model with existing state-of-the-art blast simulation techniques for predicting a wide range of damage scenarios in a blast event, ranging from vehicle rollover to localized structural failures. The different levels of structural responses will provide the necessary information for setting targets in the development of new military vehicles. The advanced soil-explosion model developed in this program will provide the loading conditions with desired multi-level fidelities for predicting dynamic responses of the vehicle structures. During the Phase I effort, we will develop a systematic approach with necessary subsystem software modules for a new capability to predict landmine-soil-vehicle-crew interactions. The major focus of the Phase I development will be on a new computational model for landmine-soil interaction, which combines a phenomenological model and a multi-scale model to increase the accuracy and efficiency of the blast simulation. The multi-scale model is critical when the soil fracture properties need to include granularity, realistic soil fragmentation, and ejecta formation. This is in distinct comparison with the other available models, in which dynamic soil state equations are devoted to the high compression regimes, but which are not accurate for soil behaviors in tension or dilatation as occurring in shallow-buried mine explosions.

---------- NAVY ----------

123 Phase I Selections from the 05.2 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Dr. Michael G. Izenson NAVY 05-087 Selected for Award
Title:	Microchannel Heat Exchangers for Aircraft Thermal Management
Abstract:	Thermal loads from electronics and advanced weapons systems have increased the cooling required from environmental control systems (ECS) in state of the art fighter aircraft. Future aircraft will require advanced heat exchanger technology to minimize the size and weight of the ECS. Microchannels offer improved heat transfer/pressure drop characteristics compared to plate fin heat exchangers, but the expense of manufacturing microchannel heat exchangers is prohibitive. We propose a microchannel heat exchanger that uses low cost manufacturing methods. In Phase I we will develop generalized design methods for microchannel heat exchangers, use these methods to assess the heat exchangers in the F 35 Joint Strike Fighter ECS, and identify the heat exchangers that will benefit most from our microchannel technology. We will design a full size prototype heat exchanger core using the microchannel approach and estimate its performance and production costs. Finally, we will prove the feasibility of our approach by fabricating and testing a proof of concept, microchannel heat exchanger using prototypical, low cost fabrication methods. In Phase II we will design, build, and test a full size prototype heat exchanger under conditions that simulate operation in the F 35 ECS.

INTERNATIONAL MEZZO TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 7167 Florida Blvd Baton Rouge, LA 70806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(225) 706-0191 Mr. Ryan Turner NAVY 05-087 Selected for Award
Title:	Lightweight Compact Micro-Channel Heat Exchangers
Abstract:	Mezzo Technologies is currently developing an extremely compact, sturdy cross flow heat exchanger that is particularly effective in a variety of applications. The goal of this project is to optimize current panel design and configuration technology for use on the F-35/JSF aircraft, and examine the overall weight and volume gains by replacing plate fin heat exchangers currently used with Mezzo's cross flow heat exchangers. Mezzo will design four heat exchangers that will satisfy the conditions faced by the aircraft cooling systems. One of the designs will be selected and tested against its modeled predictions. The technology incorporates the use of panels with micro-channel air passages to enhance heat transfer. These panels can be oriented in various configurations to fit specified design envelopes. The designed core will be smaller, lighter, and have reduced pressure drop through both the air and coolant sides. This proposed heat exchanger design would significantly increase the performance of the aircraft cooling systems.

COMBUSTION RESEARCH & FLOW TECHNOLOGY, INC. 6210 Keller's Church Road Pipersville, PA 18947
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 766-1520 Mr. Neeraj Sinha NAVY 05-088 Selected for Award
Title:	Gas Turbine Engine Noise Modeling
Abstract:	Jet noise mitigation techniques are currently under evaluation by CRAFT Tech and NCPA for application to the F/A-18 E/F aircraft. Varied passive technologies, e.g. microjet blowing, corrugations, etc. analyzed at 1/10th scale culminated in full-scale propulsion stand tests of a F404-400 engine during Summer 2004. Under this proposed SBIR, an "End-to-End" Aircraft Noise Footprint Model will be developed for application to military gas turbine engines. The model interfaces CRAFT Tech' state-of-the-art aircraft plume CFD modeling with well-validated, systems level farfield noise propagation modeling to create a high-fidelity capability for evaluating environmental impact of noise emissions from military gas turbine engines and to enable analysis of potential noise reduction technologies, as well as operational changes. The proposed modeling will integrate noise propagation with topographical data to enable the Navy to generate noise contour maps around naval facilities that are intended to receive the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF). The Phase I effort will provide a demonstration of the model for JSF, as well as its demonstration for evaluating design/operational changes consistent with the requirements of military gas turbine engines. A detailed sub-scale test plan will also be developed for obtaining relevant noise data during Phase II to support model validation and refinement.

THAEROCOMP TECHNICAL CORP. P. O. Box 1527 Stony Brook, NY 11790
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(800) 490-1004 Dr. Ken Alabi NAVY 05-088 Selected for Award
Title:	A High-Fidelity Software Tool for Gas Turbine Engine Noise Prediction
Abstract:	Aerodynamically-generated noise from aircraft is a critical factor in the continuing development of aviation, as community noise concerns and the associated regulatory requirements constrain the design of new airplanes. In particular, supersonic jets are known to produce broadband and narrow-band (screech tones) noise, which contributes to structural fatigue, in addition to the strong environmental noise pollution. The ability to accurately predict noise mechanisms in gas turbine engines will therefore constitute an essential component of any program aimed at producing aircraft engines with low jet noise emissions. Thaerocomp Technical Corp. (TTC) is proposing to develop a high-fidelity CFD-based software tool for accurate, affordable, and reliable prediction of jet noise at all speeds (subsonic, transonic, supersonic, and hypersonic) under realistic flight conditions. The bottlenecks that currently prevent the availability of such a tool are identified and the innovative research required to remove them are proposed. The proposed tool considerably simplifies the procedure of specifying boundary conditions and suggests a better way to calculate turbulence-generated noise. The new procedure will also identify the best approach to compute the propagation of noise far-field from the point of generation. One of the objectives of the proposed research is to obtain highly accurate noise prediction results for high speed jets. Procedures to establish the feasibility of the Phase I research are proposed.

SENTIENT CORP. 850 Energy Drive Idaho Falls, ID 83401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(208) 522-8560 Mr. Sean Marble NAVY 05-089 Selected for Award
Title:	Innovative Materials/Concepts for Grease Lubricated Bearings
Abstract:	Grease lubricated bearings are widely used in aircraft for driveshaft support, fans, and accessories. These components are a maintenance intensive item requiring regular replenishment or replacement. In addition, occasional failures occur and have resulted in loss of aircraft. Sentient Corporation, in collaboration with SKF/MRC bearings and Sikorsky Aircraft, will study and address the dominant failure causes in aircraft grease lubricated bearings. Leveraging sophisticated in-house test capabilities and extensive prior research into bearing failure modes, Sentient will evaluate existing state-of-the-art bearing technologies and innovative new approaches to identify the most promising avenues for substantially extending life without relubrication. Technologies will be evaluated as a package including design modifications, bearing materials, and lubricants. Sentient will collaborate with MRC and Sikorsky throughout the project to ensure that these technologies are practical and affordable to implement, and to commercialize the improved bearing designs. Phase I will include test and evaluation of prototype bearings equipped with the proposed modifications.

SURFACES RESEARCH & APPLICATIONS, INC. 8330 Melrose Drive Lenexa, KS 66214
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(913) 541-1221 Dr. Barbara J. Kinzig NAVY 05-089 Selected for Award
Title:	Innovative Materials/Concepts for Grease Lubricated Bearings
Abstract:	The U.S. Navy is seeking innovative concepts to substantially improve life of grease-packed hanger bearings on the tilt-rotor V-22 Osprey aircraft. Hanger bearings are especially maintenance-intensive and short-lived. Extending maintenance intervals and increasing bearing life several-fold are goals to be met. Our approach will provide a novel grease that reduces bearing wear many-fold and has extraordinary resistance to oil breakdown. Our grease will not only achieve these goals, but will provide dramatically lower friction. Frictional heat currently prevents bearings from running at desired optimal speeds. Surfaces Research proposes a novel materials approach to address all of these bearing issues as well as provide the Navy with new cutting-edge technology. We propose our innovative grease to lubricate ceramic (silicon nitride) hybrid bearings. Bell Helicopter Textron Inc will partner to provide detailed specifics on bearing performance and hanger bearings. Bell will evaluate Surfaces Research greases in stainless steel and hybrid bearings in their hanger bearing test rig. Our approach will resolve V-22 hanger bearing issues, and will also find numerous related applications.

HARMONIA, INC. 1715 Pratt Drive, Suite 2820 Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 951-5901 Dr. Marc Abrams NAVY 05-090 Selected for Award
Title:	Automated Creation, Self-Organization, and Adaptation of Multi-Media Tactical System Training Material for Anywhere/Anytime Delivery
Abstract:	To reduce the effort of ensuring that multi-media training reflects tactical system operation and actual Fleet use, we propose innovative technology to help automate production of training material, based on emerging standards (Sharable Content Object Reference Model [SCORM], User Interface Markup Language [UIML]). Compared to today's rigid computer-based training, we improve learning effectiveness by dynamically self-organizing a muti-media training sequence to fit the student's knowledge, skills, abilities, past training, role, current demonstrated proficiency, and mission- or doctrine-induced changes to tasks, conditions, and standards. This adaptation incorporates proficiency demonstrated while taking the course, using feedback from online student assessment, student keystroke analysis, and optionally eye tracking. Our architecture is based on lessons learned from our work as a subcontractor on the $100M Army Training Information Architecture-Migrated (ATIA-M) project. We make training interfaces adaptable to display device characteristics - using reverse/forward engineering and transformation technology we developed to deliver U.S. Army Reimer Digital Library documents to handheld devices - and to network bandwidth to deliver courses anytime/anywhere. Our proposed technology integrates with learning content and learning management systems to leverage existing Navy investment, which will be demonstrated live with SAIC's ATIA-M enterprise facility used to host U.S. Army and Department of Homeland Security training.

ONTAR CORP. 9 Village Way North Andover, MA 01845
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-9622 Dr. John Schroeder NAVY 05-090 Selected for Award
Title:	Automated Creation of Multi-Media Training Material
Abstract:	The technical objectives are based on, and guided by, those specified in the original SBIR solicitation, to "devise an innovative method for automating the production of system training materials." Ontar will specifically address the goals of "automated adaptation of this material to various media (audio/video, interactive simulation) and devices of varying sizes/resolution", automating the deployment and upgrade process, leveraging multi-media capabilities and integration of simulation capabilities within the context of an Advanced Distributed Learning training platform. We will build upon our existing TENOR ADL training system. During the Phase I and Phase II program, Ontar will build upon our existing TENOR system to build the TENOR-JSF (Joint Strike Fighter) training platform which will be designed to address many of the issues facing JSF and all other Navy tactical training operations. At the conclusion of the Phase I SBIR program, Ontar will deliver a hardware/software system solution to the Navy that will meet the needs of the F-35/Joint Strike Fighter and other training programs.

ADVANCED ROTORCRAFT TECHNOLOGY, INC. 1330 Charleston Rd Mountain View, CA 94043
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 968-1464 Dr. Chengjian He NAVY 05-091 Selected for Award
Title:	Handling Qualities Specification Requirements for Maritime Rotorcraft, Vertical Takeoff/Landing (VTOL) Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), and Heavy Lift Helicopters
Abstract:	ART proposes to develop a technical basis for augmenting the current ADS-33E-PRF to accommodate the needs of improving its applicability to shipboard rotorcraft and heavy lift helicopter flying qualities specifications. The research effort will emphasize the new criteria development, the evaluation methodology formulation, and the analytical simulation toolkit integration. The detailed Phase I objectives are to (1) accomplish a thorough review of the current ADS-33E-PRF and conduct a comprehensive investigation of existing flight test and simulation data to identify areas which need improvement; (2) investigate and evaluate land-and sea-based rotorcraft operational differences and propose new specification criteria for shipboard rotorcraft operations; (3) develop methods for simulation and/or flight test evaluation of the new specification criteria; (4) prototype a new handling qualities evaluation toolkit for shipboard rotorcraft operations that is compatible with industry standard simulation programs, such as FLIGHTLAB or MATLAB/Simulink; and (5) prototype the new toolkit by integrating it with FLIGHTLAB to demonstrate the functionality.

HOH AERONAUTICS, INC. 2075 Palos Verdes Dr. North , Suite 217 Lomita, CA 90717
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 325-7280 Mr. David Mitchell NAVY 05-091 Selected for Award
Title:	ADS-33 Software Application Package (ASAP) for Naval Rotorcraft Handling Qualities Specification Requirements
Abstract:	The U.S. Army Aeronautical Design Standard for rotorcraft handling qualities (ADS-33E-PRF) and its methodologies to define handling qualities criteria have been accepted around the world both as a specification and as design guidance for rotorcraft handling qualities. There are gaps in the coverage of helicopter missions and criteria. These gaps consist of criteria and mission-task-elements related to maritime missions, very large cargo helicopters, handling with external loads, and handling qualities of unmanned aerial vehicles. The original authors of ADS-33E-PRF propose to develop criteria and MTEs to resolve these shortcomings. This work will also result in an ADS-33 Software Applications Package (ASAP). This software will provide a rapid comparison of a helicopter with the new ADS-33 criteria. The helicopter and flight control system may be defined with models in Simulink or Flightlab, or by using transfer function or state space representations. ASAP will show specification compliance graphically, define the response-type, and highlight any unusual aircraft characteristics that should be considered when deriving handling qualities criteria (such as rotor modes at low frequency). The version of ASAP resulting from this work will emphasize maritime missions, and will be upgradeable to include all missions.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Mr. Aaron Small NAVY 05-092 Selected for Award
Title:	Carbon Composites with Improved EMI Shielding
Abstract:	The conversion of metal components on aircraft to polymer reinforced composites allows up to 50% weight savings over metal structures. This reduction in weight will enable significant gains in performance (increased range, payload, velocities), and lowering of costs. Composites also provide further advantages of low maintenance and corrosion resistance. One of the obstacles with the use of composites is the lack of electrical and thermal conductivity achieved by their metal counterparts. In particular, the Faraday cage, which protects electronic components on the aircraft from electromagnetic interference (EMI), is lost with the use of insulating polymer resins. On this program, Luna will develop highly conductive resins, adhesives, and gap fillers with the use of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) in conjunction with improved carbon composite fabrication techniques. The resultant composites will achieve up to 80 dB level of EMI shielding required for high power electronic enclosures.

MATERIAL INNOVATIONS, INC. 15801 Chemical Lane Huntington Beach, CA 92649
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 373-3070 Mr. James Calder NAVY 05-092 Selected for Award
Title:	Multifunctional Lightweight Electromagnetically Shielded Enclosure Technology Using Affordable Hybrid Carbon Composite Production Processes
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to establish a robust EMI coating and shielding methodology integrated onto an advanced hybrid composite electronic enclosure. The hybrid enclosure utilizes a hybrid of high thermal conductivity graphite fibers/foams, structural composite fibers, and metallic materials. The proposed activity herein will promote novel EMI coatings combined with pitch-based thermally conductive graphite fiber composites. Properties of candidate fibers typically range from less than 3.0 micro ohm-m in electrical resistance with thermal performance exceeding 500 W/mK. The Phase 1 effort will integrate and demonstrate a cost effective EMI coating solution that is partnered with the aforementioned pitch based composite materials. The proposed solution will meet the requirements associated with electromagnetic environmental effects (EEE), shielding, corrosion resistance, and allow for maximum thermal performance. In terms of EMI shielding and ESD grounding of the hybrid enclosure, performance is expected to meet or exceed that of the current aluminum chassis baseline design. Key technologies including coatings, materials, and processes will be demonstrated in Phase 1. The application of EMI coatings will apply to a wide array of DOD and commercial applications. This opportunity will lead to manufacture of a qualifiable working enclosure in Phase 2.

EXPERT MICROSYSTEMS, INC. 7932 Country Trail Drive, Suite 1 Orangevale, CA 95662
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(916) 989-2018 Mr. Randall Bickford NAVY 05-093 Selected for Award
Title:	Prognostic Methods for Service Life Management of Digital Electronics
Abstract:	We will provide an automated, prognostic decision making tool supporting Autonomic Logistics that predicts when digital electronics will fail to meet service requirements. Incipient fault-to-failure progression characteristics will be identified at the component and subsystem level to develop verifiable prognostic models driven by existing parameters and measurands. We will distinguish between normal equipment aging and slow failure modes. Accurate remaining useful life predictions will be facilitated and enhanced by our modular, open architecture that encourages use of multiple prediction and detection models, yielding highly accurate, timely, extensible, and flexible real-time PHM solutions. False alarms will be reduced significantly using our patented mode partitioning which recognizes distinct operating states and does not alarm when changing between modes. In Phase I, we will develop self-calibrating fault detection models that update dynamically and continuously to individual assets and to changes in individual assets over time. Useful life models and feasibility demonstration prototypes will be developed in the Option Phase with feedback provided by a top-tier JSF contractor. Proven software, system knowledge, and data gained from prior successful PHM USAF SBIR work will enhance and expedite our performance on this NAVAIR project. Self-funded, cost-sharing participation from an industry-leading electronics provider will enhance project success.

GMA INDUSTRIES, INC. 60 West Street, Suite 203 Annapolis, MD 21401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 267-6600 Mr. R. Glenn Wright NAVY 05-093 Selected for Award
Title:	Collaborative Multidiscipline Digital Circuit Board Prognostics and Health Management
Abstract:	This proposal explores new methods that can improve the ability to accurately predict the useful life remaining for individual digital circuit boards at any particular point in time. The capability proposed herein will improve the system maintainers' ability to identify marginal circuit boards and components, and to replace them prior to their actual failure to ensure their mission is not compromised. Our approach to fulfill this opportunity encompasses new technology that will enable maintainers to visualize both electrical and physical changes within these digital circuit boards that are indicative of pending failure, long before their actual failure in the field. This approach utilizes imaging techniques that span the DC to the EHz range of the electromagnetic spectrum to provide insight into phenomena that can neither be detected nor modeled using today's conventional test program set (TPS) and automatic test equipment (ATE) technology. This technology is highly scaleable and can support extremely complex, densely populated digital circuit boards, and can easily be added to existing and newly developed TPSs and ATE to provide such capabilities in the future.

IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 200 Canal View Boulevard Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 424-1990 Dr. Michael J. Roemer NAVY 05-093 Selected for Award
Title:	Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) for Digital Electronics Using Existing Parameters and Measurands
Abstract:	In response to SBIR topic N05-093, Impact Technologies proposes to develop and demonstrate an onboard integrated prognostics and health management (PHM) system for aircraft digital electronic boards. The proposed non-invasive PHM system, consisting primarily of advanced software and a minimal sensor array, will be capable of detecting incipient faults, predicting the remaining useful life of critical components, and recommending corrective maintenance actions. This system will integrate collaborative diagnostic and prognostic techniques from engineering disciplines including statistical reliability modeling, damage accumulation models, physics of failure modeling, signal processing and feature extraction, and automated reasoning algorithms. In this approach, cradle-to-grave health state awareness is achieved through the use of model-based assessments in the absence of fault indications, and by updating these model-based assessments with sensed information when it becomes available. Based on this solid foundation of health state information, complementary prognostic techniques including analysis of projected operating conditions by physics-based component damage accumulation/aging models, empirical (trending) models, and system-level failure progression models will be used to develop verifiable prognostic algorithms. The proposed approach, diagnostic techniques, and prognostic models will be demonstrated through seeded fault testing on a relevant commercially available digital electronic board. Only through the utilization of all of these sources of engineering information can the Navy fully realize the PHM concept for digital electronic boards on the JSF.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5238 Dr. Chi-Man Kwan NAVY 05-093 Selected for Award
Title:	Enhanced Prognostic Model for Digital Electronics
Abstract:	The ability to predict failures in aircraft electronic boards, their digital component elements and devices have the potential to reduce the risks of unanticipated failures while significantly reduce support costs. In this proposal, Intelligent Automation, Inc. (IAI) and Computer Aided Life Cycle Engineering (CALCE) Electronic Products and Systems Center (EPSC) at the University of Maryland propose an enhanced life consumption monitoring methodology for digital electronic boards and their components. Our approach involves a novel process to conduct Life Consumption Monitoring (LCM), including failure modes and mechanisms analysis (FMMA), virtual reliability assessment, sensor data pre-processing/feature selection, fault detection/identification/isolation, stress and damage accumulation analysis, and remaining life estimation. Meanwhile, the prediction output will be associated with a confidence distribution and adjusted by Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Confidence Prediction Neural Network (CPNN). Key advantages include better prediction of Remaining Useful Life than conventional methods, better prediction of some key parameters (thermal cycles and vibration loads) into the future so that prognostics information can be improved, incorporation of a simplified model that can provide "what if" predictions, and a data driven approach to improve the confidence of the overall predictions.

RIDGETOP GROUP, INC. 6595 North Oracle Road, Suite 153B Tucson, AZ 85704
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 742-3300 Mr. James Hofmeister NAVY 05-093 Selected for Award
Title:	Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) for Digital Electronics Using Existing Parameters and Measurands
Abstract:	The identification and development of sensors for monitoring environmental conditions, for detecting incipient faults, and for detecting precursor-to-failure trigger points is one aspect of Prognostic Health Management (PHM) for the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF). Another important aspect is to collect the set of sensor output data and to analyze that set of data using realistic and verifiable prognostic models to arrive at a reliability prediction that can be accurately related to the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of a part, component, sub-assembly or assembly, such as those found on a Joint Strike Fighter. The objectives of this SBIR are to define techniques and processes to relate RUL predictions to detectable fault conditions; determine the feasibility of developing advanced models and statistical techniques; develop a prototype model/programs for a specific JSF subsystem application and its electronic boards; develop an initial list of required available inputs to the models; outline a method of extracting inputs from a particular subsystem and board; and define user interfaces.

VEXTEC CORP. 750 Old Hickory Blvd, Building 2, Suite 270 Brentwood, TN 37027
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(615) 372-0299 Dr. Robert Tryon NAVY 05-093 Selected for Award
Title:	Digital Electronics Health Prognosis
Abstract:	Electronic digital circuit boards are composites of organic or inorganic materials with external and internal wiring designed to electrically interconnect and mechanically support all of the components and dissipate heat. Digital electronic circuit failure is ultimately a material failure at either the board, interconnect or component level. VEXTEC proposes to extend JSF prognosis to digital electronics using a physics of failure and material microstructural modeling approach. This project will consider digital circuit failure due to lead-free solder fatigue, board delamination, and individual component failure. The proposed project will develop an innovative, diagnostic/prognostic life prediction methodology for JSF application using currently planned onboard sensed data as modeling input. Phase I will show concept feasibility through a remote input output (RIO) circuit board prognosis demonstration. This system represents an excellent example for the prognosis need given there are ten RIOs at various locations on the JSF aircraft. These ten RIO's represent a system of like components exposed to different environments within the aircraft. Also sensors are currently available to measure temperatures and vibration at each of the ten locations.

IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 200 Canal View Boulevard Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 861-6273 Mr. Carl S. Byington, P.E. NAVY 05-094 Selected for Award
Title:	Model-based CAHM Software for Dynamic Self-Test of Propulsion Control System Actuators
Abstract:	Impact Technologies, in collaboration with our F-35 partners, proposes to develop an embedded health monitoring software package for prognostics and health management (PHM) of propulsion control system actuators using a model-based approach. This approach will feature a detailed dynamic model of the actuator and it's components to detect impending actuation system degradation and faults. The model will be coupled with failure mode diagnostics, advanced knowledge fusion, and failure mode progression (prognostic) algorithms in a probabilistic framework. These proven approaches, along with novel tracking methods, will be developed using available JSF actuator failure mode information and test stand data. In addition, data driven or analytical techniques will also be considered to complement the model-based approach. Model order reduction will be addressed to facilitate on-board implementation and design trade-offs will be evaluated with respect to technical accuracy, required processing, and effects on life-cycle costs. Phase II will strive to the validate the developed software package on available propulsion control actuator data and demonstrate the developed embedded technologies on a JSF test platform through existing contacts. The resulting software will allow dynamic self-test of the actuators to detect incipient degradation in dynamic response of the components.

SENTIENT CORP. 850 Energy Drive Idaho Falls, ID 83401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(208) 522-8560 Mr. Sean Marble NAVY 05-094 Selected for Award
Title:	Embedded Health Monitoring for Propulsion Control System Actuators
Abstract:	The latent degradation of precision control system actuators affects dynamic performance and can push the performance characteristics of the actuator out of the regime needed for stable operation of the aircraft control system. Current system-level methods are not sensitive enough to actuator degradation and have no ability to isolate the fault to a specific sub-component or provide an estimate of capability. Sentient Corporation, in cooperation with Pratt & Whitney, will apply subsystem-level performance and fault models to improve fault detection, isolation, and sensitivity for propulsion system actuators. Uncertainty in actuator loading will be reduced by utilizing a load estimator based on engine performance models and augmented with online adaptation algorithms leveraged from the DARPA prognosis program. Phase I will focus on development and demonstration of improved actuator fault and load models. By the end of Phase II, a functional prototype health monitoring system will be demonstrated for a selected JSF propulsion system actuator.

SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC. 13766 S. Hawthorne Blvd. Hawthorne, CA 90250
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 679-2281 Mr. Edward Bachelder NAVY 05-094 Selected for Award
Title:	Dynamic Identification of Actuator Frequency Response using Wavelets
Abstract:	Current techniques for monitoring actuator performance are inferential, that is, implied via indirect system diagnostics. Results of such methods are neither easily nor accurately interpreted into metrics that can monitor precision and stability of the actuator response. The approach proposed herein identifies the frequency response of an actuator with the Wavelet Eigensystem Realization Algorithm (WERA) method. This proposed technique, originally developed by STI for aeroservoelastic system identification, will use the input and output signals from the actuator, thus offering direct information on its status relative to design specifications and maintenance limits. The technique employs discrete wavelet transforms to compute the impulse response (Markov parameters) of the estimated actuator system. This is then used in the Eigensystem Realization Algorithm to compute the discretized state-space matrices. Metrics are generated assessing the validity of the identified system. Computation is conducted in near real time. The application of the WERA technique will first be assessed via simulation analysis conducted using nominal and off-nominal model representations for propulsion and flight control actuators. A laboratory demonstration of the system identification capabilities will be conducted with exemplar hardware in the loop to evaluate the feasibility of a WERA-based software approach to actuator health monitoring.

ADAPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 2020 Kraft Drive, Suite 3040 Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 951-1284 Dr. Kenji Homma NAVY 05-095 Selected for Award
Title:	Advanced Audio Technologies for Extreme Hearing Protection
Abstract:	High noise environments increase the difficulty of face-to-face communication, with or without the use of hearing protection. Further, understanding the sound signals that are available in the environment for maintaining situational awareness becomes more difficult as background noise level increases. It is imperative to provide high-performing hearing protection devices for use in these high levels of noise. Therefore, methods are needed such that face-to-face communications and situational awareness can be restored to the user without causing further increases in the sound power reaching the outer ear. The proposed Phase I program relies on certain features of newly designed hearing protection devices that are reaching final stages of development. Transducers that are capable of offering high speech-to-noise ratios will be used to develop effective means for face-to-face communication between HPD users who are not equipped with radio communications. Specific hardware and algorithm approaches will be selected such that it is possible to monitor safe levels of voice communications and sound source localization delivered inside the HPD. The Phase I program will leverage existing ATI products that already incorporate means for logic decisions and advanced signal processing algorithms.

ADVANCED HEARING PRODUCTS, INC. 6000 Willow Creek Rd, Suite 200 Prescott, AZ 86301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(928) 445-5491 Mr. Ed Andert NAVY 05-095 Selected for Award
Title:	Hearing Protection Device with Communication for Aviation
Abstract:	The military aviation environment experiences very high noise levels often reaching 150 dB. Hearing protection devices for support and maintenance personnel provide inadequate noise protect. In addition, ground personnel usually lack any means of communication other than human voice (shouting). Operational safety is dependent upon flight line crew communication and situational awareness. High noise levels degrade this awareness and affect hearing health which can degrade mission capabilities. Advanced Hearing Products, Inc. (AHP) proposes an innovative approach to protecting personnel from hearing damage while enabling effective voice communications and situational awareness. This Hearing Protection Device with Communication solution is an effective hearing protection headset that compresses high noise to acceptable levels while transmitting voice and environment sound at adjustable amplified levels. Noise exposure levels are recorded and users are passively alerted when daily allowed noise doses are exceeded. The Phase I technical objective is to determine the feasibility of developing the AHP approach for hearing protection in the military aviation environment. AHP will utilize its extensive experience in hearing protection technology and devices to develop the innovative product. AHP has developed and manufactures several hearing protection products with talk-through capability for use in high-noise environments.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Dr. Anthony J. Dietz NAVY 05-095 Selected for Award
Title:	Talk Through Noise and Dosimetry System for Carrier Deck Crews
Abstract:	Face-to-face communication between crew members launching and recovering aircraft on a carrier deck is impaired by the high-noise environment. High-noise levels also mask the various audio cues that provide situational awareness. Yet effective communication and good situational awareness are key to safe and efficient operations. Current attempts to communicate involve shouting, gesturing, and often lead crewmembers to compromise their hearing protection. Creare proposes a Talk Through Noise (TTN) system that will improve face-to-face communications between crew members wearing hearing protection in high-noise environments, while maintaining the audio cues necessary for situational awareness without degrading their hearing protection. The system also includes a module for speech enhancement that enables communication in very high noise (greater than 110 dB), and a dosimetry module that will allow crew chiefs to effectively manage the exposure of their crews. In Phase I, we will prove the feasibility of our approach through evaluations of potential system components, integration of selected components into a benchtop demonstration, and testing of this system with human subjects in a representative noise field. Prototype systems will then be fabricated and tested in Phase II of the project.

PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP. 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 304-2402 Mr. Michael Mullen NAVY 05-095 Selected for Award
Title:	Talk Through Audio Technologies for Navy Hearing Protection Devices
Abstract:	A combination of infrared and Bluetooth RF transmitters is coupled with a directional receiving system to allow situational awareness to individuals in high noise environments. The system allows voice communications with all nearby personnel, and intuitive longer range communications. This system will interface with existing COTS noise-cancelling headsets.

RED TAIL HAWK CORP. P.O. Box 7010 Ithaca, NY 14851
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(607) 269-0702 Dr. John W. Parkins NAVY 05-095 Selected for Award
Title:	Talk Through Audio Technologies for Navy Hearing Protection Devices
Abstract:	A hearing protection system is proposed that allows the user to listen to ambient acoustic sounds at safe levels. The frequency and phase response of the system reproduces that of an unoccluded ear. Thus, directivity is maintained and a natural sound is achieved. The system is fully wireless and a noise dosimeter is integrated into the system.

MATECH ADVANCED MATERIALS 31304 Via Colinas, Suite 102 Westlake Village, CA 91362
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 991-8500 Dr. Heemann Yun NAVY 05-096 Selected for Award
Title:	Low Cost Net-to-Shape Fiber Preforms for Complex-Shaped CMCs.
Abstract:	As described in Navy SBIR Solicitation N05-096, there exists today a strong need for advanced preforming approaches to produce complex-shaped CMC cooled-turbine components for military engines. MATECH/GSM proposes to address this need by employing innovative low-cost preforming approaches using ""Net-to-Shape""TM non-woven architectures for those CMC components that require high structural performance as well as complex shape formability, such as turbines vanes, blades, and shrouds. MATECH proposes to demonstrate that both requirements can be achieved by the use of non-woven preforming approaches using MATECH's high-performance SiNC fibers combined with MATECH's "Net-to-Shape"TM fiber perform process. These non-woven methods will be demonstrated in CMC preforms and components using MATECH's high-performance Si-doped BN fiber coatings and MATECH's high-performance matrices formed by infiltration and pyrolysis of MATECH's SiNC matrix polymers.

SURMET CORP. 33 B Street Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 684-4125 Mr. Uday Kashalikar NAVY 05-096 Selected for Award
Title:	Advanced Preform Technology for Complex-Shaped CMC Cooled Turbine Components
Abstract:	CMC components can provide substantial increase in turbine engine performance and fuel economy. However, the current ceramic fibers are not suitable to produce small, intricate shaped reinforcement preforms for turbine components of interest. Reinforcement preform technology has thus become a key bottleneck for development of CMC turbine engine components. This program will demonstrate an affordable technology to produce reinforcement preforms for components such as turbine vane with integral bands. Phase I work will involve fabrication and testing of specimens and a representative turbine demonstration article; to assess feasibility of the proposed technology. Surmet has teamed with a major turbine engine producer. The follow-on Phase II program will refine the reinforcement preform technology and prove repeatability in performance. The Phase II program will also implement this technology in a representative full-scale turbine engine component. The follow-on Phase III program will start activities for insertion of CMC components in military turbine engines.

TRITON SYSTEMS, INC. 200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-4200 Mr. Thomas Carroll NAVY 05-096 Selected for Award
Title:	Uniform Fiber Dispersion Preforming for CMC Turbine Components (1000-734)
Abstract:	Triton Systems Inc. (Triton) proposes to demonstrate a solution to practical limitations in available fiber sizes and weave constructions that inhibit effective reinforcement of tight corner and bend radii prevalent in gas turbine hot section components. Through development of silicon carbide fiber molding compounds, engine hardware will have continuous reinforcements that enable reinforcement of thin wall fine geometric details. During the Phase I effort, Triton will define and evaluate molding compound formulations that fulfill mechanical performance requirements while permitting reinforcement of small design features intrinsic to turbine engine hardware. Evaluation will also include densification process development to yield low porosity CMC's. The ability to efficiently reinforce a turbine vane design feature will be included. Projections will be established for manufacturing costs based upon information used and developed in the Phase I. In a Phase II award, Triton will begin the Phase I Option by obtaining high temperature material properties. Also, constituent materials and fabrication processes will be documented to expedite a swift transition towards production. The Phase II activity will select a demonstration component with our engine partner to be fabricated, coated and tested in a realistic engine environment.

ULTRAMET 12173 Montague Street Pacoima, CA 91331
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 899-0236 Dr. Jason R. Babcock NAVY 05-096 Selected for Award
Title:	Complex-Shaped SiC/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composites via Novel, Non-Woven Preforming
Abstract:	The use of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) has the potential to increase the life and operating envelope of turbine engines. While great strides have been made in mechanical properties, CMCs still suffer from limitations in terms of shape capability, especially with complex-shaped parts such as turbine blades. Using high-strength fibers that have been woven into a fabric causes problems due to the nature of the fabric. The issues of greatest concern with regard to the preform are joining structures perpendicularly to other structures, poor interlaminar shear strength, and creating features with small characteristic dimensions such as wall thickness and radius of curvature. In this project, Ultramet will demonstrate the fabrication of complex-shaped silicon carbide-reinforced silicon carbide matrix (SiC/SiC) CMCs using a novel, non-woven preforming technique. This technique, which will overcome all of the hurdles noted above, will yield near-net shape CMCs with isotropic properties. Mechanical testing of CMCs made from this process will be performed.

BARRON ASSOC., INC. 1410 Sachem Place, Suite 202 Charlottesville, VA 22901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 973-1215 Mr. Jeffrey F. Monaco NAVY 05-097 Selected for Award
Title:	Scalable System Approaches to Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Upset Prevention and Recovery
Abstract:	Wind shear, icing, wake vortices from ship superstructures or other aircraft, actuator malfunctions, or component failures can all contribute to upset conditions. For piloted aircraft, prevention of or recovery from these events is challenging because of the nonlinear dynamics encountered at angles of attack and sideslip outside of the normal flight envelope. The problems are magnified for unmanned aircraft given typical vehicle sizes, actuator bandwidth, and the absence of a pilot. The goal of our research is to develop the control technologies that enable unmanned aerial vehicles to perform flight-envelope protection and upset recovery autonomously. Reinforcement learning control is a core technology to design outer-loop controllers that affect situation-appropriate recovery within the problem constraints (structural loads, for example). Manual recovery practices and NATOPS procedures are also encoded in the design. Novel control devices can make air vehicles more resistant to departure by postponing the onset of flow separation at high angles of attack. Thus, we address the role of add-on actuators in the recovery control-system framework. These range from a flip-tail for a flight-test UAV to arrays of synthetic jets for a tailless UCAV. High-fidelity simulations of two dynamically dissimilar models are used to develop the technology in Phase I.

BIHRLE APPLIED RESEARCH, INC. 400 Jericho Turnpike Jericho, NY 11753
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 766-2416 Mr. David Gingras NAVY 05-097 Selected for Award
Title:	Control System Approaches and Experimental Techniques for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Upset Recovery
Abstract:	Bihrle Applied Research (Bihrle) has proposed the development of a System for Autonomous Vehicle Recovery (SAVeR) to enhance survivability of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). This system will be based on a robust strategy for detecting and suppressing out-of-control motions and implemented using modern control techniques. To accomplish this goal Bihrle will conduct research to assess candidate suppression strategies and control-law schemes. Work in Phase I will also identify and design tools and processes needed to implement and deploy the controller on a modern UAV system. Phase I option efforts will result in a detailed design of the SAVeR prototype to be implemented on a test platform and flown during Phase II. Work during the Phase I option will also yield an engineering simulation of the test platform and systems to be used for further research and development in Phase II.

CONTINUUM DYNAMICS, INC. 34 Lexington Avenue Ewing, NJ 08618
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 538-0444 Dr. Jeffrey D. Keller NAVY 05-097 Selected for Award
Title:	A Novel Software and Hardware Based UAV Upset Recovery Control System
Abstract:	This proposal provides research and development of an autonomous UAV upset recovery control system to enhance survivability during operations outside the normal flight envelope. Unmanned aircraft, like manned aircraft, are susceptible to upsets resulting from aerodynamic disturbances, icing, equipment failures, and/or extreme attitudes due to maneuvering. A novel control architecture for UAV platforms is proposed for development that mimics the response actions of a human operator during a potential upset condition. This outer-loop control combines fault detection algorithms to identify the upset condition with optimal and near-optimal control responses. For cases where sufficient control authority is not available for recovery, innovative shape memory alloy actuators will be developed and integrated into the UAV upset recovery control system. Software tools and test techniques will also be developed during this program to support the design, evaluation, and implementation of the recovery system. For Phase I, initial development of the outer-loop control architecture will be performed and demonstrated through simulation and reduced degree-of-freedom wind tunnel testing. This work will form the foundation for subsequent development, implementation, and evaluation on a generic fixed-wing UAV during the Phase II program.

HYPER-THERM HIGH-TEMPERATURE COMPOSITES, INC. 18411 Gothard Street, Unit B Huntington Beach, CA 92648
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 375-4085 Mr. Wayne Steffier NAVY 05-098 Selected for Award
Title:	Low Cost 2D Laminated Ceramic Composites with Improved Interlaminar Strength
Abstract:	The objective of this proposed effort is to demonstrate a ceramic composite material having improved interlaminar properties over typical fabric laminates using a commercially available textile process. Affordable fiber preforms using multiple plies of woven CG-Nicalon fabric will be dry-laminated and compacted in a perforated tooling fixture to the requisite fiber volume fraction. The preforms will undergo a thru-thickness needle punching process where a barbed needle will be used to pierce, draw and reorient a small fraction of the fiber in the out-of-plane, "z" direction while serving to mechanically interlock the layers of fabric within the laminate. Needle punching corresponds to the pattern of perforated holes in the preform tooling fixture. The density, or fraction of fiber reoriented in the "z" direction is therefore dependent on the pitch or spacing of these holes where the barbed needle passes. Several laminated preforms will be produced with increasing thru-thickness needling (increasing fractions of "z" fiber reinforcement) and then densified with silicon carbide produced by CVI. Coupon specimens from the various composite systems produced will be evaluated to determine their respective in-plane and interlaminar mechanical properties. These results will be compared to a "baseline" un-needled fabric laminated composite system to establish the overall viability of the proposed approach.

MATERIALS RESEARCH & DESIGN 300 E. Swedesford Rd Wayne, PA 19087
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 964-6130 Mr. Kent Buesking NAVY 05-098 Selected for Award
Title:	Innovative 2D Ceramic Matrix Composites for Improved Interlaminar Strengths
Abstract:	The performance of the JSF can be improved through the use of CMCs because they offer lower weight, improved high temperature strengths, and better performance than existing metal components. Recent tests of CMC components have identified COI's S200 CMC as an attractive material for gas turbine applications. Flight tests of F-16 nozzle components have demonstrated better performance than metal parts. They have also shown that the life of the CMC is limited by the interlaminar strengths. The proposed effort seeks to improve these strengths by assessing three innovative techniques that include 1) an alternate matrix material, 2) stretch broken yarns, and 3) needled preforms. Each of these techniques shows promise based on examination of existing high temperature composite data, which suggest potential strength improvements ranging from two to five times nominal strengths. The proposed Phase I program will be performed by a team of MR&D, Intermat, TEAM, COI Ceramics, and SoRI. MR&D will design the materials, and manage the project. Intermat will stretch break the Nicalon yarns. TEAM will weave the stretch broken fabric and fabricate the needled preform. COI Ceramics will densify three CMCs made with a) alternate matrix materials, b) stretch broken yarns, and c) needled preforms. SoRI will measure the interlaminar shear and inplane tensile properties of each material.

PERFORMANCE POLYMER SOLUTIONS, INC. 91 Westpark Road Centerville, OH 45459
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 298-3713 Dr. Jason E. Lincoln NAVY 05-098 Selected for Award
Title:	INNOVATIVE, LOW-COST APPROACH FOR ENHANCING THE INTERLAMINAR SHEAR STRENGTH OF 2-D CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES
Abstract:	This Phase I SBIR program will demonstrate the feasibility of a novel, low-cost approach to improve the interlaminar shear strength of two-dimensional textile reinforced ceramic matrix composites for DoD turbine engine applications. The proposed technology aims to improve the interlaminar properties of advanced CMCs through strengthening the interface between adjacent plies using a newly developed fiber microstructural modification. In this program P2SI will partner with the end user to facilitate program success and adequate consideration of user needs.

SYNTERIALS, INC. 318 Victory Drive Herndon, VA 20170
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 471-9310 Mr. Daniel Petrak NAVY 05-098 Selected for Award
Title:	Innovative Approaches For Enhancing Interlaminar Shear Strength of Two-Dimensional (2D) Reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs)
Abstract:	3D reinforcement of ceramic matrix composites may have the potential to improve inter-laminar mechanical properties of CMCs, however, the impact on cost to implement the use of 3D woven performs may be high. A novel approach will be taken that will permit the continued use of 2D fabric and standard autoclave molding conditions of a reinforced pre-ceramic polymer matrix. A modified pre-ceramic polymer will be used to prepare composites in this feasibility demonstration. Flexural and shear tests will be run on both enhanced 2D and conventional 2D composites to discern differences in mechanical properties.

CLEVERSET, INC. 673 NW Jackson Ave. Corvallis, OR 97330
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(541) 829-6000 Dr. Bruce D'Ambrosio NAVY 05-099 Selected for Award
Title:	Exploration and Evaluation of RTT, TTT, and Hybrid Fusion Architectures
Abstract:	In this SBIR Phase I proposal, CleverSet (Prime Contractor and BAESystems (Subcontractor) propose to study Report-to-Track (RTT) and Track-to-Track (TTT) fusion tradeoffs in the context of tactical systems, such as the E-2 and JSF, by developing a testbed for BAE Systems' All-Source Track and ID Fuser (ATIF). The tradeoffs between RTT and TTT fusion are not well understood, and track-to-track fusion systems are generally considered sub-optimal due to the information loss involved in track formation. The proposed work will enable the development of improved RTT and hybrid RTT / TTT fusion algorithms. This will in turn enable more efficient processing and improved performance. Results of the Phase I effort will include an instrumented testbed for controlled experimentation with alternate fusion architectures, an unclassified test-data-suite designed to match the parameters of situations of interest, and initial single-radar study results. Additional results will include a plan for scaling up to more comprehensive, multi-radar and multiple sensor-type experiments, together with a plan for development of optimized algorithms based on the information obtained in these experiments.

SIMVENTIONS, INC. 11903 Bowman Dr, Suite 102 Fredericksburg, VA 22408
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 372-7727 Mr. Stephen T. Marple NAVY 05-099 Selected for Award
Title:	Report-to-Track Data Fusion
Abstract:	Though data fusion technology has made significant strides in the last few years, combat systems still need a more reliable way to combine and resolve target data from multiple onboard and off-board sensors. Users of data fusion need a way to select among competing data fusion technologies. Additionally, a data fusion algorithm that was developed for a specific problem space may have broader applicability that is difficult to uncover using traditional "solve the problem at hand" acquisition processes. There is no convenient way for customers to evaluate data fusion algorithms from a variety of suppliers or to evaluate data fusion algorithms designed for one environment against a different environment. There is no way to objectively determine "best of breed" across multiple domains. SimVentions proposes the establishment of a Data Fusion Algorithm Simulation, Stimulation, and Evaluation Tool (DF-ASSET) that provides a realistic, repeatable, verified, and validated source of sensor reports to data fusion algorithm(s), and then computes metrics to measure the correctness and performance of the algorithm(s) against ground truth and each other. DF-ASSET is a modular, open, component-based test bed that generates representative sensor data from predefined scenarios, feeding data to a component containing "data fusion algorithm(s)."

TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP. 1900 S. Sepulveda Blvd, Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90025
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 576-2374 Mr. Stanley Silberman NAVY 05-099 Selected for Award
Title:	Report-to-Track Data Fusion
Abstract:	Multisensor data fusion is a critical technology for many Navy missions and platforms. Platforms such as the E-2C, JSF and others require highly reliable tracking and classification of air platforms and ground targets within a tactical region. One critical design decision is the use of report-to-track vs. track-to-track fusion algorithms. In order to evaluate and compare these types of algorithm for varying sensor combinations, a simulation testbed that can readily adapt to different sensor, single-sensor tracker, and sensor fusion models is required. This simulation testbed will be built, using an existing tool, Simulation Framework, and adapting existing models of airborne radar, single-sensor trackers, and sensor-fusion algorithms. This testbed provides the user with a system that is: open architecture, object-oriented, message-based, distributed, reconfigurable, repeatable and expandable.

SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS & RESEARCH ASSOC., INC. 6300 Gateway Dr. Cypress, CA 90630
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 224-4410 Mr. Sy Hamadani NAVY 05-100 Selected for Award
Title:	Scanning of Laser Drilled Small Holes
Abstract:	The proposal describes a solution offered by SARA, Inc. in response to the problem of scanning and characterizing a large number of holes drilled by a laser on jet engine components and other aerospace or industrial parts requiring laser drilling of a lrge number of small holes. The proposal addresses the development of a system that will scan, collect, analyze and disposition data, detect and compensate offsets and generate difference signals, and feedback the information back to the laser drilling workstation to bring the drilling process back into control in real time.

TRITON SYSTEMS, INC. 200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-4200 Mr. Thomas McDonald NAVY 05-100 Selected for Award
Title:	In-process airflow control of Laser Drilled Small Holes (1000-732)
Abstract:	Triton Systems, Inc., in partnership with the General Electric Company's Laser Laboratory and Quality Vision International Inc.'s Optical Gaging Products Division, proposes the concurrent use of multiple sensor types to collect data, which are then processed by an integrated control system to generate a corrective, real-time adjustment to the laser cooling hole drilling process for gas turbine components. The control system will collect data from acoustic, optical, spectral, thermal and positional sensors and imaging devices related to the laser pulse and plasma plume, as well as the cooling hole size, shape and positional coordinates. It will then process and compare the collected data to a data base previously characterized and correlated to targeted airflow values for the turbine component. The comparison will drive an appropriate compensating change in the process parameters to more closely control hole geometry and thus cooling airflow. Tighter control of airflow will result in longer turbine component life, reduced overall production cycle times and costs and gas turbine efficiencies.

BELTRAN, INC. 1133 EAST 35TH STREET BROOKLYN, NY 11210
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(718) 377-0227 Mr. Michael R. Beltran NAVY 05-101 Selected for Award
Title:	Low-Cost-Lightweight, Low-Pressure-Drop Engine Inlet Filtration System for H60/H-1 Helicopters (T700 Engines)
Abstract:	Beltran proposes an innovative concept for a lightweight, low cost system for effective inlet air filtration or the US Navy's H60 Helicopter. The concetp combines both the inertial and electrostatic particle separation. Electrostatic agglomeration and precipitation is an efficient process for the collection of fine particles and requires low energy consumption for the operation and low pressure loss through the Inlet Filtration System. Our effort will concentrate on development of an electrostatic field in the air inlet, which will enhance the inertial separation of the commonly used Inlet Particle Separators. After mock-up test and evaluation, the most efficient approach will be combined into a final concept design and will be demonstrated.

KAZAK COMPOSITES, INC. 10F GIll Street Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 932-5667 Mr. Nate Gravelle NAVY 05-101 Selected for Award
Title:	Maintainable, Survivable, Low Cost Composite Engine Inlet Filter and Housing
Abstract:	KaZaK Composites will work with Pall Aeropower, a worldwide leader in aircraft filters, to develop and demonstrate next generation helicopter filtration systems that incorporate a new lightweight, low cost, damage-resistant structure in combination with advanced approaches to particulate removal. This team will apply leading edge technology to solve the specific filtration problems outlined in the SBIR solicitation. Phase I will initiate with a careful compilation and evaluation of the military's objectives and requirements for the new filtration system. We will then develop several design approaches that combine different material, configuration and manufacturing technology alternatives, and trade these alternatives against requirements to select an optimal approach. Analytically determined weight and performance predictions will be verified in both the basic and option portions of Phase I. A considerable amount of hardware fabrication and testing will be conducted at in-house facilities of KaZaK and Pall. Phase I will conclude with verified prototype hardware that should provide the government with sufficient confidence in the design to move forward into Phase II. In Phase II the KaZaK team will finalize system designs based on Phase I experience and military comment, and then proceed to fabricate and test full scale hardware.

BIPOLAR TECHNOLOGIES 4724 Brentwood Circle Provo, UT 84604
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(801) 765-4148 Dr. Rodney M. LaFollette NAVY 05-102 Selected for Award
Title:	Low-Cost Thermal Battery
Abstract:	Thermal batteries are often the battery of choice when very long shelf life is needed, and accessibility to the battery is limited. Improvements are sought for achieving improved electrochemical performance, lower cost, and building batteries in conformal shapes. Unfortunately, present manufacturing processes make it difficult to meet these goals. The purpose of this proposed work is to make lower cost, high performance thermal batteries through the use of improved, continuous processing of battery components. Batteries will be made using any of several techniques, including the incorporation of a binder, spray processing, tape-casting, and an innovative lamination process. In doing so, continuous processes will replace the lengthy and costly batch processing presently used to make rigid thermal batteries. All of the processes allow for more optimum sizing of electrodes and other cell components,that will improve performance. Furthermore, batteries will be made that can fit into non-standard spaces, such as curvilinear shapes. Phase I will be devoted to demonstrating high volume, low cost processes, and the demonstration of five cell, 3 A.hr cells, especially their power output throughout an extended discharge. During Phase II, 56 V stacks will be engineered and demonstrated, including battery containers and other associated support components.

ELECTRO ENERGY, MOBILE PRODUCTS, INC. 3820 S Hancock Expressway Colorado Springs, CO 80911
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(719) 392-4266 Dr. Scott Preston NAVY 05-102 Selected for Award
Title:	Low-Cost Power Source (Thermal Battery)
Abstract:	This proposal provides for the development of low-cost thermal batteries through the use of novel and unconventional methods for electrode fabrication that should drastically reduce the cost of thermal batteries and dramatically improve performance. Preliminary tests have been carried out to show the feasibility of the preparation of the cathode electrode by painting. The capacity of the cell with the painted electrode was better than the standard PP cell. The cell also showed lower polarization during phased transitions due to improved mechanical bonding between cathode particles. The data presented substantiates the contention that painted electrodes offer equivalent performance as standard PP electrodes but at a much lower cost. Work is needed to optimize the spraying conditions to achieve higher throughput and equivalent electrochemical performance in full-sized batteries. Tasks are delineated to achieve these goals.

HI-Z TECHNOLOGY, INC. Suite 7400, 7606 Miramar Road San Diego, CA 92126
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 695-6660 Mr. John C, Bass NAVY 05-102 Selected for Award
Title:	Low-Cost Power Source (Thermal Battery)
Abstract:	This proposal is to conduct a Phase I study of the design of a high volumetric energy density generator for the Navy that can be used in weapons systems requiring long storage times. The volumetric energy density goal is 1000 W-hr/l or 5 times greater than the present power supply. The proposed design of this power supply is unique in that it suggests the use of a "thermite type" heat source that will provide heat input to an advanced quantum well thermoelectric module where the heat will be converted directly to electricity to provide power to the buoy.

DYNAMIC CONTROLS, INC. 7060 Cliffwood Pl. Dayton, OH 45424
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 254-2529 Dr. Gavin D. Jenney NAVY 05-103 Selected for Award
Title:	Advanced Electromechanical Actuation System for Jet Blast Deflectors (JBDs)
Abstract:	This proposal describes an electrical actuator which uses a hydrostatic transmission to convert the rotary motion of the motor to linear output motion. The hydrostatic transmission provides the gear reduction required by the actuator. By using a variable displacement pump in the the transmission, the gear ratio can automatically be varied to match the loading conditions. The variable gear ratio allows minimizing the motor size and power for the jet blast deflector actuation system.

INFOSCITEX CORP. 303 Bear Hill Road Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 890-1338 Mr. James H. Goldie NAVY 05-103 Selected for Award
Title:	Direct Drive Electromechanical Actuators for Jet Blast Deflectors
Abstract:	A direct-drive electric linear actuator for raising and lowering the jet blast deflector (JBD) is proposed that achieves the specific force necessary to be a form-fit-function replacement for the existing JBD hydraulic actuators. Moreover, we propose a design that is suited to modularity, allowing the actuator to be readily scaled to meet the requirements for other Navy shipboard applications. Successful replacement of all of these hydraulic actuators with electric actuators would allow the elimination of the entire catapult hydraulic system. A building block actuator and the associated power and control electronics will be designed during Phase I. In addition to the theoretical design work aimed at meeting fundamental performance requirements, attention will be paid to manufacturability, cost, reliability, maintainability, and operational features such as braking and cleanliness. During Phase II, construction and test of a single building block will be followed by prototypes with increasing capability until full-scale performance is achieved. The prototypes will demonstrate performance (force, stroke and speed) as well as maintainability and reliability of the actuator system. The Phase II design will be reworked during Phase III to produce a full-scale system JBD actuator to be installed and tested under realistic environmental and operational scenarios aboard a carrier.

BARRON ASSOC., INC. 1410 Sachem Place, Suite 202 Charlottesville, VA 22901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 973-1215 Mr. Jason O. Burkholder NAVY 05-104 Selected for Award
Title:	A Dynamic Diagnostic and Prognostic System for the Joint Strike Fighter
Abstract:	The Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) is the Department of Defense's next generation strike aircraft, featuring advanced airframe, logistics, avionics, propulsion, stealth, and firepower systems. With a focus on cost reduction, the JSF Program is being developed with integrated Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) and condition-based maintenance (CBM) technologies. The inclusion of such systems will allow continuous evaluation of aircraft component health to improve safety and minimize upkeep expense through maintenance performed according to a condition-based schedule. Barron Associates, Inc. (BAI) has teamed with Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company, a prime JSF contractor, to propose the development of a diagnostic and prognostic system for JSF subsystems that operate in dynamic environments and under widely varying operating conditions. The proposed work brings together algorithms developed by BAI for online, real-time model parameter identification, fault detection and isolation (FDI), and prognostic functions to accomplish the goals set in this topic.

IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 200 Canal View Boulevard Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 424-1990 Dr. Michael J. Roemer NAVY 05-104 Selected for Award
Title:	Dynamic Decision Support (D2S) for Real-Time Assessment of System Health and Fault Contingency Planning
Abstract:	Impact Technologies, in collaboration with Honeywell Engines and Systems, propose to develop an innovative Dynamic Decision Support (D2S) concept for critical aircraft systems using simulation-based fault classifiers and adaptive contingency management techniques, which will be implemented through a real-time software agent architecture. The significant technology advancement proposed herein is based on using dynamic model simulations in a real-time computing environment to not only diagnose faults, but also to determine "on the fly" how accommodate for them. Current on-board technologies have to map fault conditions to an associated set of pre-determined contingency plans, which can not possibly account for the entire set of fault scenarios that can occur in flight. Hence, the innovations of this project include: 1) Development and demonstration of an agent-based software architecture that is capable of executing simulation models of critical aircraft systems with an adaptive flight control component that performs fault contingency management in real-time; 2) Develop simulation-based fault classification algorithms for the Honeywell Power Thermal Management System (PTMS) with real-time functionality in all system operating modes; 3) Develop contingency management algorithms using dynamic performance assessment calculations and flight control command generation under faulty aircraft system dynamics constraints; and 4) Develop a Simulink-based demonstration of the dynamic contingency management and fault-adaptive control system with application to the Honeywell PTMS.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION CORP. 13029 Danielson Street, Suite 200 Poway, CA 92064
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 679-4140 Dr. Tom Brotherton NAVY 05-104 Selected for Award
Title:	Dynamic Simulation-Based Turbine Engine Decision Support
Abstract:	The Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) engine will be capable of performing on-board fault detection, isolation, and prognosis. Current processing relies on BIT codes generated by the engine control system. These BIT codes are derived from steady state engine performance and do not address the prognostics problem. Though this technique has worked well on modern aircraft such as the F-22 / F119 configuration, the JSF engine will take PHM to a new level. IAC, with Pratt & Whitney support, proposes to develop a dynamic simulation-based turbine engine model for maintenance decision support. This model-based approach will provide: 1) accurate assessments of gas path rotating machinery deterioration, 2) in-range fault coverage of control system sensors, and 3) a system-wide assessment of engine health status. The fundamental components of the proposed prognostics system are generic. In Phase 1, IAC will specify the requirements for implementing the gas path prognostics system for the F135 application. Given the availability of F135 engine data, the algorithms will be coded and demonstrated in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. In lieu of F135 data, a PW6000 engine will be substituted for the proposed prognostics system demonstration.

SENTIENT CORP. 850 Energy Drive Idaho Falls, ID 83401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(208) 522-8560 Mr. Sean Marble NAVY 05-104 Selected for Award
Title:	Effective Diagnostics for Dynamic Operating Environments
Abstract:	Fault detection and isolation algorithms are often developed with data from steady-state tests, and many algorithms perform well under these controlled conditions. However, when diagnostics are used in highly dynamic environments, sensitivities to changing loads or speeds become apparent. Vibration metrics tend to be particularly susceptible to operating condition variations. This sensitivity interferes with effective diagnosis and requires fault thresholds to be increased significantly to avoid false alarms, making the system less sensitive to real problems. Sentient Corporation, in cooperation with Pratt & Whitney, will develop new vibration diagnostics for dynamic environments that leverage existing physics-based models for fault induced vibration. These new algorithms will greatly enhance diagnostic performance in dynamic operating environments and will also improve fault severity indication for steady state applications. These new techniques will be developed for and demonstrated on a highly dynamic F-135 subsystem such as the lift fan drive. During Phase I, a functional proof-of-concept system will be implemented and tested using bearing seeded fault data collected under dynamic conditions.

MATECH ADVANCED MATERIALS 31304 Via Colinas, Suite 102 Westlake Village, CA 91362
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 991-8500 Dr. HeeMann Yun NAVY 05-105 Selected for Award
Title:	Low Cost Si-BN interface Coatings for SiC/SiNC CMCs.
Abstract:	MATECH GSM proposes to develop a low cost, uniform, reproducible Si-doped BN interface coating process for 3-D and 2-D woven ceramic fiber preforms. Using MATECH's new Reactive Transformation Process (RTP), Si-doped BN interface coatings will be demonstrated on woven SiC ceramic fiber performs without fiber-to-fiber bonding. Key parameters to be investigated will include: 1) Control of interface coating thickness, chemistry, and crystallinity, 2) Uniformity of interface coating thickness and composition, 3) Batch-to-batch reproducibility, 4) Retention of as-received ceramic fiber strength, and 5) Mechanical properties of fully densified SiNC-CMC coupons with RTP-derived Si-doped BN interface coatings. The current "state-of-the-art" process for producing BN inter-phase is chemical vapor infiltration (CVI). One drawback of the CVI BN process is that when a tow (500 to 800 fibers) is formed into a woven fiber preform prior to BN coating, many of the fibers are in contact with each other and therefore do not become completely coated. On subsequent fracture of the composite, those fibers that are in contact with no BN between them tend to fail in a brittle manner, little or no fiber pullout. The RTP coating mitigates these issues.

REFRACTORY COMPOSITES, INC. 107 N. Langley Rd. Glen Burnie, MD 21060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 768-2490 Mr. Zhengmao NAVY 05-105 Selected for Award
Title:	High Silicon Content BN Fiber Interface Technology for CMCs
Abstract:	RCI has demonstrated a pre-ceramic polymer process approach that produces uniform thin (1 micron) coatings with tailorable silicon to boron (nitrides) content. SiBN interfaces with high silicon content and thermally stable morphology that can be economically applied to fiber preforms are of great interest. This process can be use as a fiber "pre-preg" process or as a 3D preform interface coating process.

ULTRAMET 12173 Montague Street Pacoima, CA 91331
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 899-0236 Mr. Gautham Ramachandran NAVY 05-105 Selected for Award
Title:	Low-Cost, Low-Temperature Deposition of Fiber Interface Coatings
Abstract:	Conventional fiber-matrix interface coatings applied by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) are expensive because they require costly, high-temperature equipment and must be applied at a slow rate in order to achieve uniform infiltration across large thermal gradients. In previous work for DoD and NASA, Ultramet developed a rapid, low-cost method of applying oxide and carbide interface coatings to carbon and silicon carbide fibers at low temperature (as low as 100�C) through ultraviolet-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (UVCVD). UV energy is used to decompose coating precursor gases at much lower temperatures than when thermal energy is used alone. The low temperature process virtually eliminates the fiber degradation that inherently occurs during conventional high-temperature CVI. Interface coatings have been applied to fiber tows as well as woven and braided structures, and were subsequently infiltrated with various carbide matrix materials through a novel melt-infiltration process. Ceramic matrix materials formed through melt processing do not exhibit the extensive microcracking that is common in most matrix materials. The very low microcracking improves interlaminar shear strength and substantially reduces the transfer of moisture and combustion gases into the composite, thereby further protecting the fiber reinforcement. Composite components in the form of thrust chambers and flat panels have demonstrated good mechanical and chemical survivability during high temperature hot-fire testing. In Phase I, Ultramet will develop UVCVD processing for rapid and low-cost application of a silicon-doped boron nitride coating, similar to that applied at high temperature, to silicon carbide fiber tows and panel preforms. Mechanical testing of composite panels will be performed before and after high-temperature oxidation testing in accordance with requirements defined for the Joint Strike Fighter aircraft. A cost comparison will be established between UVCVD coatings and those produced by conventional CVI. In Phase II, Ultramet will team with Lockheed Martin to establish a melt-infiltrated CMC property database, produce and test subscale components in conjunction with the Navy and Lockheed Martin, and demonstrate scaleup potential.

ACREE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1900 Bates Ave., Suite G Concord, CA 94520
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 798-5770 Dr. Mike McFarland NAVY 05-106 Selected for Award
Title:	Innovative and Affordable Materials/Concepts for Improving Rotorcraft Slip Ring Reliability
Abstract:	The purpose of this project is to demonstrate the effectiveness of using a conductive, wear resistant coating to improve the lifetime and reliability of slip rings, in particular the slip ring system used in the V-22 Osprey. Acree Technologies Incorporated has developed an innovative, conductive coating that is exceptionally hard, smooth and wear resistant and has a low coefficient of friction. This coating has been shown in previous tests to improve the lifetime of surfaces in sliding contact by greater than five times. Preliminary sliding contact tests have shown that the electrical noise of a coated slip ring is less than 10 mohm, exceeding military specifications.

DIAMOND ANTENNA 59 Porter Rd. Littleton, MA 01460
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 486-0039 Mr. james young NAVY 05-106 Selected for Award
Title:	Innovative and Affordable Materials/Concepts for Improving Rotorcraft Slip Ring Reliability
Abstract:	Diamond Antenna proposes to use Roll-Ringr technology and create a form, fit, and function Roll-Ringr replacement for the V22 slip ring. Unlike slip rings with a sliding electrical interface, Roll-Ringsr employ a rolling, non-sliding, electrical interface. The rolling, non-sliding, interface is a non-wearing, metal-to-metal, electrical interface that does not generate wear particles. Because there is virtually no wear, the Roll-Ringr will meet the 10,000-hour operating requirement and the 3000-hour MTBF requirement. Testing to date shows that Roll-Ringsr without maintenance will surpass the V22 life by 40%. In addition, because there is no wear or debris, the Roll-Ringr maintains its electrical characteristics over the life of the product. The Roll-Ringr has the following advantages over slip rings that use brush blocks. 1. No maintenance 2. Long life 3. Consistent electrical parameters throughout the life of the product 4. Low resistance 5. Low noise, i.e. low variation in circuit resistance due to rotation

PRIME RESEARCH, LC 1750 Kraft Dr Ste 1000-B Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 961-2200 Mr. Michael B. Miller NAVY 05-106 Selected for Award
Title:	Innovative and Affordable Materials/Concepts for Improving Rotorcraft Slip Ring Reliability
Abstract:	As mechanical assemblies, sliprings suffer from failure due to mechanical wear on their brush and ring components due to the constant frictional forces between the two. Better materials or better designs are needed to improve the reliability of such slipring components. Prime Research, LC (PRLC) proposes to team with Moog Components Group (MCG) to demonstrate a new technology for creating sliding metal contact devices such as sliprings. The new technology builds on prior research and development efforts by PI Michael Miller in conjunction with engineering and R&D personnel at MCG. The design, prototyping and manufacturing facilities of MCG, the current manufacturer of a key slipring component for the V-22 aircraft, will be utilized to demonstrate the technology.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5275 Dr. Hongjun (Jason) Li NAVY 05-108 Selected for Award
Title:	An Adaptive Geographic Internet Sub-Protocol for Dynamic Wireless Networks
Abstract:	In order to seamlessly integrate ad hoc and sensor networks with the Internet, we introduce a novel entity called Internet Sub-protocol Manager (ISM) that serves as the "bridge" between the standard IP and our geographic sub-protocol (SP). The standard IP stack (either IPv4 or IPv6) needs not to be changed. Rather, the ISM will encapsulate the original IP packets within the sub-protocol payload and provide an IP-in-SP tunneling. The sub-protocol exploits the geographical and mobility information available from the GPS equipped communication node and achieves position-based routing that incurs less storage and less processing overhead. The geographic routing provides alternate paths for such wireless nodes. While current geographic routing protocols are impractical, our proposed Cross Link Detection Protocol (CLDP) guarantees that geographic routing between all pairs of nodes will never fail. We have demonstrated that our approach achieves geographic routing correctly on real radio networks. ISM and our geographic routing protocol can be easily configured and we provide an efficient mechanism for wireless routing packet format discovery. In addition, we propose to adaptively manage the routes via proactive prediction of link expiration time and describe a method for differentiating link failure and congestion.

NOVA ENGINEERING, INC. 5 Circle Freeway Drive Cincinnati, OH 45246
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(513) 554-2046 Mr. Ken Fischer NAVY 05-108 Selected for Award
Title:	Configurable Internet Sub-Protocol for Sensor Networks and State Space Aware Adaptive Routing
Abstract:	The migration of MANET protocols to networks supporting fast movers has been problematic, due to the network dynamics caused by fast moving aircraft in the network. The amount of overhead traffic required to maintain connectivity in these networks is often intolerable. Nova proposes two methods for reducing the network overhead burden. First, a communications extension for efficient distribution of small network packets will be developed under this effort. The protocol will be designed as a portable software module, which is seamlessly inserted between the network routing and wireless interface driver. With this software component, each node will have the capability to dynamically negotiate the use of a subchannel over standard IP, while still retaining full support for the distribution of IPv4/IPv6 messages. To reduce the raw amount of network overhead required, Nova also proposes technologies that will equip each node with a better sense of its location and role in a network. This will be facilitated by the exchange of position, velocity, and time information around the network, and by passive sensing of link quality through advanced cross-layer techniques. Both technologies are proposed as extensions to IETF standard protocols, which will ensure the viability of these technologies' deployment and acceptance.

CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Ms. Karen A. Harper NAVY 05-109 Selected for Award
Title:	Adaptive Interface for Management of Bias and Workload Reduction (AMBR)
Abstract:	Advances in aircraft performance and weapons capability have led to a dramatic increase in the tempo of tactical situations facing the combat aviator or UAV controller, reducing the operator's available information processing and decision-making time and resources. Furthermore, the technological and information advances of Network Centric Warfare (NCW) have resulted in an explosion in the complexity and sheer quantity of information that is available to the operator. To counter this increasingly complex operational environment, the Navy requires advanced human/system interface concepts that will make optimal use of the operator's cognitive resources and minimize potential for operator error. The adaptive interface should enhance the flow of information and control between the operator and the vehicle to improve the operator's situation awareness (SA) and decision-making performance while alleviating workload and reducing the effects of cognitive biases, and thus improving survivability, lethality, and ultimately, mission effectiveness. To address this need, we propose to develop a prototype Adaptive Interface for Management of Bias and Workload Reduction (AMBR) that uses computational SA models, operator mental and physical state tracking, and cognitive bias tracking to drive the content, format, and modality of military displays for operation of advanced aviation systems.

PROFESSIONAL SERVICES GROUP PO Box 4914 Winter Park, FL 32793
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 628-2530 Dr. Mark E. Koltko-Rivera NAVY 05-109 Selected for Award
Title:	Enhancing Warfighter Performance through Predictive Model-Based Decision Aids and Adaptive Displays
Abstract:	The objective of the SBIR topic is the development of adaptive displays and decision aids that optimize operator/team performance by dynamically capturing and using real-world information more accurately. We intend to address this need by applying fuzzy signal detection theory, or FSDT (Hancock, Masalonis, & Parasuraman, 2000) to the domain of adaptive displays and decision aids. We propose in the Phase I research to develop specifications for a prototype system to measure, predict, and enhance pilot performance: the Fuzzy Signal Decision Enhancement System (FEDES). In Phase I, the FEDES will focus on a simulated targeting task, in the context of friend/foe discrimination. FEDES will integrate information regarding multiple dimensions of ongoing mission activity and real-world variables; thus, FEDES will address the effects of multiple factors on performance. Based on ongoing assessment of pilot performance, FEDES will change the organization of the information presented to the pilot to enhance pilot performance. FEDES will track pilot performance over time with high temporal resolution (i.e., over the course of seconds, rather than minutes or hours).

INNOSYS 3622 West 1820 South Salt Lake City, UT 84104
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(801) 975-7399 Dr. Larry Sadwick NAVY 05-110 Selected for Award
Title:	W-Band High-Power Chirped Solid-State Transmitter
Abstract:	This solicitation calls for exploration and development on approaches to find solutions to innovative, high power, short pulsed, low cost W-band transmitters. The approach to be undertaken in this SBIR proposal by InnoSys is to develop a compact, small volume, low-cost, high-power W-band solid state vacuum device (SSVD) transmitter specifically designed for this SBIR program. Design goals include initially developing a compact 50-watt peak radio frequency (RF) output power, chirped solid state vacuum device W-Band pulsed transmitter that matches a 30:1 compressive filter response and can produce chirped pulses of several hundred nanoseconds at a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of several hundred kilohertz. Later designs and iterations of this SSVD W-band pulsed transmitter should be capable of providing significantly higher peak power levels, PRF and duty cycle operation if needed.

QUINSTAR TECHNOLOGY, INC. 24085 Garnier Street Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-1111 Mr. Robert S. Ying NAVY 05-110 Selected for Award
Title:	W-Band High-Power Chirped Solid-State Transmitter
Abstract:	By capitalizing the high power capability of the W-band series stacked pulsed IMPATT diodes, and a hybrid-coupled combiner, pulse power output greater than 50 watts can be achieved from a transmitter, more than twice the output power currently achieved from a single junction device, but small enough to be gimbal mounted. Injection locking the combiner to the pulsed frequency chirping IMPATT oscillator currently used in HARM development, the high output power will have the necessary pulse compression characteristics of the locking oscillator. The higher power output will enable the HARM to have longer range and more robust performance.

CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP. 727 Airport Boulevard Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 668-2567 Mr. Glenn Beach NAVY 05-111 Selected for Award
Title:	Orientation Invariant Combat Identification
Abstract:	A primary mission of Naval air assets is to detect and destroy enemy ground targets. In order to accomplish this mission, the weapon systems must be able to detect and classify potential targets to determine which are valid targets. Traditional combat identification has been performed using all weather sensors and processing algorithms designed specifically for such sensor data. Newer electro-optical (EO) sensors produce a very different type of data that does not lend itself to the traditional combat identification algorithms. Therefore, there is a need for new algorithms to perform combat identification within EO data. Cybernet proposes to leverage our existing pose determination system to create algorithms for performing combat identification of targets within EO sensor data at any orientation. The system uses feature data (typically object edge data) and a target database to determine the 3D position and orientation of the object and the object's identity. The system stores a very compressed representation of the target for comparison purposes. This allows target information to be shared easily of networked resources.

SET ASSOC. CORP. 3811 N. Fairfax Drive, Suite 350 Arlington, VA 22203
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 220-2123 Dr. Rama Chellappa NAVY 05-111 Selected for Award
Title:	Electro-Optic (EO) Feature-Based Target Combat Identification (CID)
Abstract:	We propose to design, develop and evaluate a deterministic approach to combat identification (CID) of stationary and moving objects using a single video stream. From a video containing a moving target, we detect and track the target using an appearance-based tracker. Stationary targets in the video are extracted using a shape-driven operator. Using fingerprints extracted from the segmented target chip and synthesized views of targets generated from a homgraphy derived from the given video sequence, quasi-invariants and a generalized Hausdorff metric, we design a target CID algorithm. A special case of our algorithm handles the target CID problem for stationary targets. Using the results of target segmentation, we will develop an efficient compression scheme for transmitting the target chip over noisy channels. During Phase I, we will assess the potential performance of a stationary and motion-based video CID capability by integrating a suite of algorithms for the tasks mentioned above. The resulting working software prototype will help us to identify challenges to be addressed during Phase II. During Phase II, we will demonstrate and evaluate a prototype system capable of robust verification/identification in video imagery. Our goal is to sue as few a frames as possible in determining CID.

TOYON RESEARCH CORP. Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Mr. Andrew P. Brown NAVY 05-111 Selected for Award
Title:	Robust Airborne Combat Identification using Scale-Invariant Spatial and Spectral Electro-Optic Signatures
Abstract:	Electro-optic (EO) imagery provides a rich source of information for feature-based target combat identification (CID). Yet, variable operating conditions, including sensor range, depression angle, and angle of approach, as well as target illumination and degree of occlusion, have so far prevented the development and effective deployment of a complete solution for real-time airborne CID. While much attention has been devoted to discovering target features which are invariant to orientation and affine view transformation, the resulting features have proven to be insufficiently discriminatory for large model databases. To address these and other challenges, we propose the use of scale- and affine transformation-invariant spatial and intensity features, combined with color/spectral histogram features, for robust, high-performance CID. Furthermore, we show how real-time airborne processing capability can be achieved through efficient candidate target segmentation followed by a hierarchical classification structure. This framework ensures that the most computationally demanding operations are only performed for a small number of most likely candidate target matches. Throughout, we show how storage and bandwidth requirements can be minimized, to enable deployment of the complete CID system on the F/A-18E/F and a variety of other platforms, leading to reduced operator workload and improved combat effectiveness.

GURU TECHNOLOGY 6 Wellington Lane Lexington, MA 02421
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 274-6029 Mr. Raj Laad NAVY 05-113 Selected for Award
Title:	Securing Training Objects and Records Management
Abstract:	GURU Technology will demonstrate feasibility of an innovative Framework to integrate enterprise authentication management infrastructure (AMI) with current SCORM compliant training programs and future learning management systems (LMS). The LMS will be connected to the AMI through the Framework. During the Phase I program we will develop a high level architecture for the Framework using open standards technologies such as XML, http, Web and Web Services, JavaScript; providing access controls and security scripting necessary for LMS systems. We will determine what access controls and security scripting techniques are needed for current DoD training programs and future advanced distributed learning programs. Using this work we will develop an implementation plan for the follow-on Phase II program. We will collaborate with an identified Prime Contractor for Navy Support and Training as a commercialization partner for this Training Security Framework. During Phase II, we propose to develop the Framework, integrating it with a SCORM compliant training package with access control. The product of the Phase II program will be well suited for start of a full-scale demonstration across several SCORM training packages with on-site test subjects in a simulated operational environment through a Phase III program.

INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC. 3250 Ocean Park Blvd., Suite 100 Santa Monica, CA 90405
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 581-5440 Dr. Azad M. Madni NAVY 05-113 Selected for Award
Title:	ContentVault T: Methodology and Tools for Securing Training Objects and Records
Abstract:	With the need for learning objects to be shared, reused, referenced, and repurposed by a variety of geographically-dispersed stakeholders, it is imperative to provide access control, authentication and identify management services within Learning Management Systems (LMS) and Learning Content Management Systems (LCMS). In particular, these requirements need to be satisfied by the Navy's Integrated Learning Environment (ILE) which comprises both a LMS and a LCMS. The problem today is that introducing authentication and authorization approaches within a single LMS or LCMS product cannot produce a scalable solution that applies to distributed learning environments that typically contain products from multiple vendors. To this end, this project will develop a standard framework that would allow the enterprise authentication management infrastructure (AMI) to be deployed in an efficient fashion to protect training assets and records and facilitate their audit. Phase I of this effort will establish the feasibility of applying standardized tokens to SCORM-compliant training packages and determine the access control and security scripting techniques needed for legacy DoD training programs as well as for new distributed learning programs.

TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP. 1900 S. Sepulveda Blvd, Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90025
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(812) 336-7576 Mr. Geoffrey McKim NAVY 05-113 Selected for Award
Title:	Securing Training Objects and Records Management
Abstract:	Delivery of training materials via the Web is rapidly becoming an essential method of delivering training in an efficient and cost-effective manner, both in the military and civilian environments. Widely dispersed training audiences, however, require various levels of access control to training materials, particularly with respect to sensitive training materials or high-stakes testing/training scenarios. Although authentication tokens such as smart cards and biometrics can provide stronger authentication, access control, and audit trail logging, at this point there is no standardized way to integrate strong authentication tokens with the Learning Management Systems that are used to manage, track, and deliver Web-based distributed training. This proposal addresses two challenges of securing Web-based distributed training content: The first is to determine the feasibility of integrating strong authentication and access-control tokens, in a standardized manner, to SCORM-compliant training packages, as launched and tracked by a Learning Management System (LMS). The second challenge is to assess the strong access-control needs of current Department of Defense distributed training programs and thereby determine the access-control requirements for current and future advanced distributed training activities.

INFORMATION SYSTEMS LABORATORIES, INC. 8130 Boone Blvd., Suite 500 Vienna, VA 22182
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 448-1116 Mr. David R. Kirk NAVY 05-114 Selected for Award
Title:	Precision Targeting for the Tomahawk Cruise Missile Using Miniature Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Sensor Data
Abstract:	The use of tactical miniature unmanned aerial vehicles (MAV) is on the rise. MAV systems are typically affordable and small enough so that they can be operated at the platoon level and used to extend a unit's "line-of-sight" to see over/around mountains or into urban canyons. In the near future it is envisioned that the sensor data collected by tactical MAVs will be part of the Navy's FORCEnet intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) system. Thus, the potential will soon exist to combine the data collected from any number of MAVs to produce accurate targeting information. By combining this network of tactical MAVs and the loiter and in-flight targeting capabilities of the Block IV Tomahawk cruse missile an opportunity exists to develop a new weapon system that combines persistent ISR, targeting, and strike of time critical targets. The ISL/Raytheon team envisions a system for which a user located anywhere in the world can analyze MAV sensor data provided over the FORCEnet to track, identify and strike high value and time critical enemy targets.

SET ASSOC. CORP. 3811 N. Fairfax Drive, Suite 350 Arlington, VA 22203
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 220-2123 Dr. Reuven Meth NAVY 05-114 Selected for Award
Title:	Precise Targeting of Tomahawk Cruise Missile Using Low-Cost, Low-Quality Miniature Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Sensor Data
Abstract:	We propose methodologies for using Miniature unmanned Air Vehicle (MAV) sensor data to enhance Tomahawk Land Attack Missile (TLAM) targeting. Our approach uses 3D contextual information of the area available from existing DOD databases to determine MAV sensor pose. Optimization is performed to refine the camera orientation to improve pose accuracy. For relatively flat targets, the 3D world coordinates of a target selected in the 2D imagery are determined using the projection properties of the sensor. For targets with significant elevation, multi view processing is performed to determine accurate 3D positioning. We demonstrate additional capabilities for accurate targeting without pre-existing 3D models when GPS and IMU data are available. Error bounds relating the required system resolution and control point accuracy to targeting position estimation accuracy will be quantified. During Phase I, we will build on our past work on image to 3D registration to provide reliable targeting from videos acquired by MAVs. Phase II efforts will focus on developing a prototype of the proposed system.

INTELLIGENT FIBER OPTIC SYSTEMS CORP. 650 Vaqueros Ave., Suite A Sunnyvale, CA 94085
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 328-8648 Dr. Behzad Moslehi NAVY 05-115 Selected for Award
Title:	Self-Contained, Miniaturized, Robust, High-Speed Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Interrogator
Abstract:	Safety and reliability of ordnance, such as that in solid rocket motors, requires determination of system integrity. To achieve this, a need exists for embedded sensors to provide real-time high-speed indication of system health. Optical Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors are the most promising types of sensors for dynamic strain measurements due to their light weight, small size, immunity to electromagnetic interference and multiplexibility. However, commercial FBG sensor interrogators are too heavy and large to be deployed in such applications. Based on years of experience and innovations in FBG sensor systems, IFOS proposes a novel miniaturized FBG sensor interrogator with low power consumption to be incorporated into tactical solid fuel rocket motors. It will be capable of interrogating a single optical fiber containing well over five sensors based on commercially available FBGs, under 0.25 pounds in weight and 5 cubic inches in volume, involving no moving parts. The interrogator will operate over the C (extendable to C+L) wavelength band(s), with resolution of 1 pm, dynamic range of 4000+ microstrain per sensor and speed over 5 kHz per sensor. Implementation will be primarily based on well-tested long-lifetime and highly reliable commercially available components.

REDONDO OPTICS, INC. 811 N. Catalina Avenue, Suite 3120 Redondo Beach, CA 90277
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 292-7673 Dr. Edgar A. Mendoza NAVY 05-115 Selected for Award
Title:	Multichannel Hybrid Integrated Optic Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Interrogator
Abstract:	Redondo Optics Inc. (ROI) proposes to develop a miniature fiber Bragg grating sensor interrogator, FBG-TransceiverT, system based on ROI's proprietary multi-channel integrated optic sensor (InOSenseT) microchip technology. ROI's InOSenseT technology allows the integration of all of the functionalities, passive and active, of conventional bench top FBG sensor interrogators such as the IFOS system, with no moving parts in a compact, low weight, low power, hermetic sealed small form factor (SFF) package, operating at signal rates up to 20 kHz. In Phase I, ROI will design and develop a proof-of-concept demonstration of the integrated, FBG-TransceiverT, FBG sensor interrogator, in Phase II, ROI will engineer and field deploy the FBG-TransceiverT system at a selected naval vessel for environmental qualification. The FBG-TransceiverT system can easily interface into any of the Navy's current and future tactical solid fuel rocket motors to provide real time environmental and structural health monitoring. ROI's miniature and low cost, FBG-TransceiverT system is poised to revolutionize the field of fiber optic structural health monitors and gain a rapid acceptance into the well established and fast growing structural health monitoring and nondestructive inspection (SHM/NDI) $480 million U.S. market.

KSARIA CORP. 200 Reseach Drive Wilmington, MA 01887
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 933-0006 Mr. Anthony J. Christopher NAVY 05-116 Selected for Award
Title:	Low-Cost Field-Installable Fiber Optic Cable Restoration (post splicing)
Abstract:	Splicing of fiber optic cable in military platforms as a means of repair is highly desirable to eliminate the expensive and time-consuming task of cable replacement. Since no qualified splicing device or technique exists today, development activities are ongoing for a field installable fiber optic splice for DoD applications to solve this growing maintenance problem. However, the splice device is only half the solution. Military applications utilize robust cable constructions with multi layers and strong embedded tensile members, such as Kevlar, to protect the fragile fiber. In order to install any splice device, the cable construction is breached and must be repaired. This proposal address a means to restore the fiber cable to an almost virgin state with minimal degradation is it mechanical integrity and at the same time protect the delicate splice. Furthermore, a tool set for installation is proposed such that installation by servicemen is quick and easy to perform in adverse conditions that exist in the field.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Mr. Matthew Palmer NAVY 05-116 Selected for Award
Title:	Complete Aviation Cable Restoration Kit
Abstract:	The operational commitments required of today's Navy as well as the goal to streamline material resources have made it necessary to increase maintenance quality while reducing time spent in its performance. Novel methods are being employed to reduce cost, time, and improve the mission readiness of military aircraft. Commonly, repairs made to the fiber optic networks on Navy aircraft at sea, require for optical cable to be spliced. The ability to mechanically restore the spliced section of cable back to its original specifications will reduce future maintenance costs while improving mission readiness. Luna Innovations is proposing to develop and manufacture low cost, transparent cable restoration devices and tooling that will fully restore the mechanical properties of the cabling after the splicing has been preformed on the optical network. During the first phase of this three phase development program, Luna will design, model, manufacture and test prototype devices to prove design and material feasibility. The Phase II effort will consist of design optimization, extreme environmental testing, and a sound plan for transition to large scale manufacturing. This project will result in a device and its necessary tooling that will meet the needs of the Navy for optical and electrical cable restoration.

TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC. 9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 263-2101 Mr. J. Bulluck/R. Rushing NAVY 05-116 Selected for Award
Title:	Low-Cost Field-Installable Fiber Optic Cable Restoration (post splicing)
Abstract:	Fiber optic cables are increasingly being used for advanced avionics on aircraft such as the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps F/A-18E/F Super Hornet. Innovative repair techniques and materials are needed for restoration of fiber optic cables that become fractured or severed during operations. Matching the original strength and durability of the fiber optic cable will be required. This will be achieved through the use of a new class of fluorinated elastomers for encapsulation of the reinforced repair section. Innovative reinforcement materials will also be employed. Current simplex cable jackets are typically composed of fluorinated thermoplastics such as FEP or ETFE, which have outstanding moisture and chemical resistance. The new splice system will be designed to withstand the full range of environmental exposures that are encountered by military aircraft. These include extreme temperature and humidity, salt spray, particulate, and pressure cycling. An additional issue that will be addressed is related to the amount of space that repair technicians are confined to when making repairs. The developed systems will be required to be adaptable to these confined space repair scenarios. Also, no specialized equipment will be appropriate for field repair situations, and this constraint will also be addressed during Phase I.

IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 200 Canal View Boulevard Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 861-6273 Mr. Carl S. Byington, P.E. NAVY 05-117 Selected for Award
Title:	Fleet-Wide Variability for an Integrated Flight and Propulsion System
Abstract:	Impact Technologies, LLC, in collaboration with Pratt & Whitney and Pennsylvania State University proposes the development and validation of a software tool for the analysis of robustness and performance of integrated flight and propulsion control systems. This tool will enable automated analysis of the system along with its parametric and non-parametric variability to quantify system stability margins, as well as time and frequency domain performance. During the analysis, it will quantify and incorporate variability and uncertainty in dynamic performance and control. This uncertainty characterization process will account for variability in the target platform during its useful life and across an entire fleet. This tool will draw upon techniques from multivariable robust controls, nonlinear system analysis, probability and nonlinear programming. It will also characterize the effect of variability on service life and fault progression. It will represent a significant improvement in computational, time and cost saving over more cumbersome and less robust state-of-the-art techniques like Monte Carlo simulation. The primary target platform of this tool is the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) propulsion system. During Phase I, Impact will work with Pratt & Whitney to develop and demonstrate this tool on a PC in Matlab/Simulink, using a generic engine and engine control model. Impact will also characterize the performance of this tool against state-of-the-art techniques. Phase II will expand this tool to enable analysis on the JSF integrated flight and propulsion control system. Phase III will enable migration to other engines, land based turbines, aeronautic and astronautic platforms.

SC SOLUTIONS 1261 Oakmead Pkwy Sunnyvale, CA 94085
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 617-4526 Dr. Robert L. Kosut NAVY 05-117 Selected for Award
Title:	Fleet-Wide Variability for an Integrated Flight and Propulsion System
Abstract:	This Small Business Innovations Research Phase I project proposes a product development effort aimed at establishing procedures and software tools for quantifying the impact of component dynamic performance variability across a fleet of Integrated Flight and Propulsion Control systems (IFPC). We propose a set of innovative tools to guarantee dynamic performance, for full life, across a fleet of aircraft. The innovative feature of the proposed methods is that a few experiments or high-fidelity simulations are carried out on a small subset of a large number of propulsion controllers and the nearby controllers are validated or rejected using much simpler simulations. The performance criteria for variability analysis include thrust, stability margins, and failures. The evaluation will demonstrate the analytical feasibility assessment for a representative complex high bandwidth propulsion control problem. In Phase I, the developed techniques will be applied to a Short Takeoff and Vertical Landing (STOVL) example. Prototype validation algorithms will be developed in an industrial software environment. In Phase II, technology developed at SC Solutions and UCSD will be made into a prototype software product and will be demonstrated on a problem that can be scaled to a full-sized IFPC system. The potential for wide-ranging commercial applications is very significant since we will be developing the first-ever commercially available validation tool.

DANIEL H. WAGNER, ASSOC., INC. 40 Lloyd Avenue, Suite 200 Malvern, PA 19355
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 727-7700 Dr. C. Allen Butler/Dr. Joni E. Bak NAVY 05-118 Selected for Award
Title:	Radar Centroid Processing Algorithm with Tracker Feedback
Abstract:	The raw detection data provided by a radar typically consists of primitive measurements that correspond to discrete range-bearing cells. A single target can generate multiple primitive detections in adjacent range-bearing cells as the radar beam scans across it; the radar system therefore employs a centroid processing algorithm to combine the primitive measurements and form a single merged detection report to pass along to the tracker. However, if multiple targets exist close to one another, this clustering process can produce undesirable results such as track degradation and/or track drop, since the measurements for more than one target may be combined to produce a single report. Here, we propose a method for utilizing feedback from the tracker to produce the appropriate number of centroid estimates in a given area, thus avoiding track drop. Our method is a modification of the Expectation-Maximization algorithm as applied to the Gaussian Mixture Estimation problem; accordingly, we will refer to our algorithm as EMARCT (an Expectation Maximization Algorithm for Radar Centroid processing with Tracker feedback). In Phase I we will develop the algorithm in greater detail, program it in a high-level language such as matlab, and demonstrate its feasibility on simulated data.

NUMERICA CORP. PO Box 271246 Ft. Collins, CO 80527
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(970) 419-8343 Dr. Benjamin Slocumb NAVY 05-118 Selected for Award
Title:	Radar Centroid Processing Algorithm with Tracker Feedback
Abstract:	In surveillance platforms such as the E-2C and upcoming E-2D, it is essential that the Airborne Early Warning (AEW) radar provide a complete track picture of the surveillance region. To maintain continuous tracks throughout the surveillance region, the radar sensor must be able to produce measurements on all targets. Problems occur when there are closely spaced objects (CSOs). Here, the radar signal processor can combine the returns from the targets to produce a single merged measurement. The objective in the proposed research is to develop a new surveillance radar centroid processing algorithm that has an extended merged measurement capability. The algorithm will "parse" the raw range-bearing cell measurements such that object measurements for each target can be generated. The use of tracker feedback enables the processing algorithm to specify the expected number of objects within the combined cluster of measurement primitives. The work will leverage Numerica's prior experience in radar centroid processing and pixel-cluster decomposition research.

APPLIED COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES 4022 Liggett dr. San Diego, CA 92106
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(619) 838-1218 Mr. Jon Schoonmaker NAVY 05-119 Selected for Award
Title:	High Altitude Non-Acoustic Antisubmarine Warfare (ASW)
Abstract:	The intent of this proposal is twofold: first we will provide the instrumentation and data necessary to quantify the polarization requirements of future passive multi or hyper spectral systems utilized for high altitude ASW missions. Second, we suggest a way of passively detecting submarines from high altitude using polarization techniques.

INTEVAC, INC. Photonics Technology Division, 3560 Bassett Street Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 496-2254 Mr. Ross LaRue NAVY 05-119 Selected for Award
Title:	High Altitude Non-Acoustic Antisubmarine Warfare (ASW)
Abstract:	Intevac proposes to develop an Intensified Photodiode (IPD) which can be gated on and off very quickly with relatively low voltage. This gated IPD would be an ideal detector for laser pulse reflections from ship or airborne lasers used for probing for objects in sea water. Gating the detector on for only the time periods when reflections could be received from possible objects of interest greatly extends detector lifetime and reduces noise, thus increasing object detectability. Intevac produces an IPD which, as presently designed, cannot be easily gated. We propose to investigate design of an IPD to permit high speed, low voltage gating and extend lifetimes. Phase 1 is a design study of a technical approach which could be successful with minimum additional tube complexity and cost. A Phase 1 Option is the exploration of a grid structure in the IPD if the initial investigation concludes that it is necessary or desirable.

METROLASER, INC. 2572 White Road Irvine, CA 92614
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(949) 553-0688 Dr. Vladimir Markov NAVY 05-119 Selected for Award
Title:	Photonic Crystal Filter for ASW Operations
Abstract:	MetroLaser proposes to design and build an innovative ultra-narrow high throughput optical bandpass filter based on the properties of a dielectric photonic crystal structure with a resonant cavity. Such a structure can exhibit an ultra-narrow high-transmission band in the middle of a wide low-transmission stop-band. During Phase I, we will demonstrate experimentally the proof-of-concept for a filter with sub-nm bandpass, high throughput and rejection level in both visible and infrared (IR) regions. We will also develop a complete model of the functional characteristics, based on specific features of photonic crystal structures with a resonant cavity, and develop a strategy for building a prototype of the instrument. The proposed filter is expected to have a bandpass range of 0.1 nm, an acceptance angle of 2,a and an aperture of about 10 inches. During Phase II, a rugged version of the filter will be demonstrated. A compact, low-weight, single-assembly design of the filter will allow it to be retrofitted to existing instruments and provide a stable performance in harsh operating environments.

RL ASSOC. 1450 Edgmont Ave., Bldg. 1, Suite 230 Chester, PA 19013
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 499-7530 Ms. Mary Ludwig NAVY 05-119 Selected for Award
Title:	Wide Field of View Narrowband Holographic Grating Array for Improved Spectral Filtering in High Altitude Antisubmarine Warfare Systems
Abstract:	RL Associates Inc. proposes to conduct a feasibility study leading to the development of a narrowband, wide field of view, volume holographic filter for high altitude Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) systems used in antisubmarine warfare (ASW). We propose a filter element composed of many individual volume holographic gratings, spatially separated to form an array, and arranged in such a way that their narrow individual fields of view complement each other to produce a wide field of view for the entire element. This new type of spectral filter composed of an array of volume holographic gratings can be tailored to a broad acceptance angle while maintaining extremely narrow spectral bandpass of 1 � or less. Diffraction efficiency of greater than 60% has been demonstrated by RL Associates in previous volume holographic filter work.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Dr. Mark McKenna NAVY 05-120 Selected for Award
Title:	Nondestructive Measurements of Cold-Working Zones at Fastener Holes
Abstract:	In the aerospace industry, a fastener hole is considered as potential crack initiation site for structures that undergo cyclic fatigue loading because of the stress and strain concentration. However, the use of a cold expansion process to introduce a compressive residual stress field in the material surrounding the hole can enhance the service life of stressed aerospace components. Unfortunately, no method exists to quantitatively assess the effectiveness of the process. Use of the wrong expansion tool, out-of-round holes, and other factors can reduce the effectiveness of the process. Luna Innovations will develop a practical portable ultrasonic instrument capable of assessing changes in residual stress near aircraft fastener holes. The device will indicate both stress gradients and direction. This new instrument will be designed for use in the field by qualified inspectors without a high degree of training. The basis of the device is the small change that occurs in sound velocity in a metal under stress. Although this phenomenon has been understood for several decades, no company has achieved a practical device for fastener hole residual stress assessment. Luna has the capability to create such a device that can meet the Navy requirements including that of low cost and portability.

PROTO MANUFACTURING, INC. 1980 E Michigan Avenue Ypsilanti, MI 48198
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 485-6300 Mr. Daniel F. Gorzen NAVY 05-120 Selected for Award
Title:	Nondestructive Measurement of Cold-Working Effectiveness at Fastener Holes
Abstract:	Fatigue properties of aerospace structures are improved significantly by the application of cold-working processes, which impart favorable compressive residual stresses at and near the surface of the metal. While cold-working production processes are tightly controlled to ensure the effectiveness of the process, human errors are known to occur and the degree of fatigue or damage resistance may be less than the design requirements. Today, no means exists to non-destructively measure the residual stress state of cold-worked fastener holes. Proto has years of experience in measuring the effects of surface enhancement techniques and believes that x-ray diffraction (XRD) technology can provide the NDI capability needed by the USN. Proto intends to prove that XRD is a feasible and cost-effective solution for the challenge posed by cold-worked fastener holes. Proto will perform numerous laboratory measurements on cold-worked coupons in the hoop and radial directions at the surface and subsurface, including the internal diameter of the holes, using its patented XRD tools. Proto will map these RS distributions and correlate that data with FEA and strain gauge data to establish the technical relationships for determining the effectiveness of the cold-working processes. In Phase II, Proto will deliver and demonstrate a rugged, portable XRD NDI system for measuring the effects of cold-working as well as the effectiveness of the cold-working processes. It will support an operational evaluation by trained NAVAIR personnel in a depot quality control environment.

RESODYN CORP. 130 North Main Street, Suite 600 Butte, MT 59701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(406) 497-5223 Mr. Steve Galbraith NAVY 05-120 Selected for Award
Title:	Fatigue Enhanced Cold-worked Hole FECH - Analyzer
Abstract:	The Navy routinely uses a structural strengthening technique called cold hole expansion for increasing the fatigue life of primary aircraft structures that are fastened together. This process creates beneficial compressive stresses around the hole. However, variances in the process produce inconsistent results and no means exist to nondestructively quantify the process effectiveness. Resodyn Corporation proposes the development of technology based on a novel eddy current circuit and coil array that will map stress contours around the hole. Fundamentally, the circuit and coil arrangement is designed to be sensitive enough to measure changes in conductivity across the stress field resulting from various stress states around the hole and correlate the conductivity measurements to stress values. This approach has advantages over contemporary methods because it can be readily implemented into a small hand held probe that can provide either quantitative or go / no-go metrics in the field. The team assembled to research this technology includes a scientific consultant who has previously demonstrated feasibility of the proposed approach on a different application, the developer and major supplier of hole expansion tooling, a manufacturer of eddy current equipment, and product development engineers with demonstrated product to market success.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5236 Dr. Chujen Lin NAVY 05-122 Awarded: 10NOV05
Title:	An Accurate, Secure and Low-power Wireless Aircraft Tracking System
Abstract:	We propose to design a tracking system for aircraft onboard carriers using a wireless mesh network with a point-to-point ranging capability. The system is formed by many Integrated Communication and Tracking Devices (ICTD) mounted inside the cockpits of aircrafts and in some selected locations of the carriers themselves, such as the island or the ceiling of the hangar bay. The unique strengths of this tracking system are: 1) Highly accurate and precise; 2) Low RF emission; 3) Energy efficient; 4) All-weather and; 5) No multi-path interference. Each ICTD contains four modules ---- a processor, a communication transceiver (CTR), a ranging sensor (RS), and a motion sensor (MS). CTR transmits very low power RF signals to meet the emission control limit and form a wireless multi-hop mesh network. The ranging sensor is capable of measuring the distance between another ranging sensor and itself. This tracking system is able to provide uniform coverage in the flight deck and the hangar bay areas in all weather conditions yet meet the emission control restriction. The accuracy is estimated to be +/- 1 foot for location and +/- 5 degrees or better in heading.

MULTISPECTRAL SOLUTIONS, INC. 20300 Century Blvd. Germantown, MD 20874
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 528-1745 Dr. Lester Foster NAVY 05-122 Awarded: 10NOV05
Title:	Autonomous Aircraft Tracking Aboard Carriers
Abstract:	Multispectral Solutions, Inc. (MSSI) proposes to develop a real-time asset tracking system to be used on an aircraft carrier. The real-time asset tracking system will leverage a commercial product called the Sapphire Digital Active Real-Time Tracking (DART) system developed by MSSI using Ultra Wideband (UWB) radio technology. Key advantages include real-time tracking with localization accuracy less than a foot, small form factor, extended battery life, and operation in severe multipath environments without interference from or to other operating systems onboard the carrier. In Phase I, MSSI will identify the modifications necessary to upgrade the Sapphire DART system for integration into the US Navy's aircraft carrier fleet. MSSI will study and identify how the system can be used to track the location and orientation of aircraft on the aircraft carrier flight deck. This study will examine the number of receivers, necessity of wireless receiver operation, placement of tags on aircraft, etc. Finally, MSSI will examine the current Sapphire design to meet navy environmental requirements. Additionally, MSSI will demonstrate the Sapphire system in operation on an aircraft carrier to track tags, vehicles and aircraft. In the Phase I Option period, MSSI will develop the modifications towards the Phase II system design.

OBJECTIVE INTERFACE SYSTEMS, INC. 13873 Park Center Road, Suite 360 Herndon, VA 20171
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 295-6500 Mr. Victor Giddings NAVY 05-123 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	A Fault-Tolerant Real-Time CORBA Naming Service
Abstract:	There is a natural tension between real-time predictability and fault-tolerance capabilities in computing systems. There is a need for both real-time predictability and fault-tolerance in defense systems; they must timely deliver the required functionality in the face of unexpected environments that deliver unpredictable events. As a result, the efficiency of defense systems is often compromised to allow the recovery from faults to be factored directly into the worst case execution time of operations in order to ensure real-time predictability. The Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) is a widely adopted, effective infrastructure for defense systems. A specification for a real-time variant of CORBA is supported by a number of commercial and open source products. A specification for a fault-tolerant variant of CORBA has been developed that supports strong consistency between replicas of objects. Unfortunately, neither of these specifications address the concerns of the other, so that a CORBA specification that supports both fault-tolerance and real-time is not available. The CORBA Naming Service provides a tractable and well-understood application of CORBA suitable as a candidate for evaluating the practicality of the techniques identified in research that has been directed toward reconciling the tension between real-time and fault-tolerance.

TECH-X CORP. 5621 Arapahoe Ave, Suite A Boulder, CO 80303
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 448-0729 Dr. Nanbor Wang NAVY 05-123 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	A Fault-Tolerant Real-Time CORBA Naming Service
Abstract:	Many mission critical applications are required to meet high degrees of simultaneous dependability and predictability requirements. The OMG's Fault-tolerant (FT) CORBA and Real-time (RT) CORBA help developers to manage applications' dependability and predictability requirements in isolation. It is still not possible to use CORBA to manage applications' FT and RT properties in unison due to contradicting strategies in the support mechanisms. This project will investigate how to reconcile the incompatibilities between the two specifications and to provide a design that simultaneously supports CORBA applications with both FT and RT properties. By developing a fault-tolerant, real-time CORBA Naming Service, we will explore mechanisms for implementing predictable FT mechanisms and evaluate strategies for specifying applications' FT and RT requirements. The Phase~I project will focus on addressing design issues in FT supporting mechanisms to eliminate non-deterministic behaviors, as well as benchmarking their performance with integrated FT/RT supports.

APPLIED THIN FILMS, INC. 1801 Maple Ave., Suite 5316 Evanston, IL 60201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 491-3373 Ms. Kimberly Steiner NAVY 05-124 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	Multifunctional, Low-Cost, Inorganic Seal Coatings for Radomes
Abstract:	Barrier coatings to prevent moisture ingress into radome structures of advanced missile systems are a critical need for the Navy. Ingress of moisture during missile storage can degrade the critical sensor and guidance electronic components housed within the missile radome. The US Navy is developing missiles targeted for varying flight conditions which utilize many radome materials. A versatile coating solution is desired that address sealing of polymer and ceramic radomes adequately over the long-term. Inorganic coatings are preferred for this application due to their superior barrier properties, chemical resistance, and thermal performance. However, deposition of suitable inorganic coatings with adequate coverage for barrier performance is a significant challenge. A thin barrier coating based on aluminum phosphate composition is being proposed under this Phase I effort. The coating is derived using a solution-derived process which is low-cost and easy-to-apply and provides excellent adhesion to both polymer and ceramic substrates. Phase I work will include study of deposition, curing, and performance testing for both classes of substrates. The work will be conducted in close collaboration with a defense prime contractor. Phase II effort will be devoted toward prototype demonstration and further optimization of coating properties and development of roadmap for technology transition.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Mr. Marc Hirsch NAVY 05-124 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	Reduced Moisture vapor transmission coatings for Radomes
Abstract:	Modern technology has developed materials that are highly durable and can resist a harsh environment, but one of the most damaging chemicals for electrical components is moisture. Even very low levels of water vapor can be fatal to sensitive equipment, particularly for guidance systems in missiles. The structural components of radomes are either porous fused silica or a variety of polymer matrix composites with glass fibers. The materials provide a level of protection from the environment, but are not adequate by themselves in preventing moisture vapor transmission. Several commercial coatings exist today to mitigate moisture, but these too are insufficient in providing the level of protection and length of service required. A need exists for a coating that will provide moisture barrier performance of 0.02g/m2/day or lower, thermal cycling resistance and resistance to abrasion and scratches during incidental handling of missiles for a period of 10 years. The new hybrid coatings will be both highly resistant to water vapor transmission and abrasion and scratch resistant.

CHESAPEAKE SCIENCES CORP. 1127B Benfield Blvd. Millersville, MD 21108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 923-1300 Mr. David Kimball NAVY 05-125 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Compact Towed Sonar Array
Abstract:	A major challenge facing the U.S. Navy's Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) mission area is the ability to effectively detect, classify, localize and neutralize quiet modern submarines in shallow water. To address this challenge requires deployment of distributed network centric sensor systems that provide the search rate needed to leverage the full complement of US Navy war fighting capability. Unmanned Surface Vessels (USV) and Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUV) outfitted with compact towed array sensors have the potential to deliver the transformational capability needed to meet operational objectives in the littorals. Current towed array sensors, including TB-23, TB-29A, TB-16 and MFTA, provide desired acoustic performance but are not optimal for deployment from an unmanned vehicle. Compatibility with these platforms requires significant reductions in sensor power, diameter, bend radius and production cost. Maintaining performance comparable to existing Navy tactical towed arrays requires reduced susceptibility to mechanical/vibrational noise and incorporation of directional sensors for left-right contact resolution. Development of next generation reliable compact towed arrays that can be stowed and deployed from unmanned vehicles, surface ships and submarines supports the Sea Shield Pillar of Sea Power 21 while achieving substantial fleet life cycle cost savings.

PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP. 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 368-6107 Mr. Dave Baird NAVY 05-125 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Compact Towed Sonar Array
Abstract:	Towed arrays for unmanned U. S. Navy platforms require engineering breakthroughs in a number of critical components due to the demands of reduced stowage volume, �� 0.5�_ OD array diameter, low cost and improved directional and self-noise performance imposed by UUV/USV�_s in the performance of their missions. Progeny proposes a system solution based on leveraging new, sufficiently mature sensing, array electro-mechanical, COTS electronics and processing technologies that support a near-term, integrated, open system solution. Key elements of the our approach include: a novel miniaturized vector sensor using single piezocrystal material, an autonomous beamforming and detection processing module being developed for distributed sensor networks, a truly protocol-independent, miniaturized towed array telemetry, and a deployment mechanism capable of handling �� 0.5�_ OD arrays already under development by Progeny for surveillance programs. Our proposed array-related technologies and design approach are compatible with ongoing Navy low-cost towed array manufacturing initiatives. An option is proposed to demonstrate two key component technologies within 3 months of option exercise.

MATERIALS SCIENCES CORP. 181 Gibraltar Road Horsham, PA 19044
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 542-8400 Dr. Anthony A. Caiazzo NAVY 05-126 Awarded: 03NOV05
Title:	Development of Low-Cost Fiber Reinforced Materials for Sonar Domes (MSC P5027)
Abstract:	Legacy material systems (e.g., steel reinforced rubber) that meet the insertion loss (IL) requirements of current acoustic windows have been shown to have difficulty meeting the structural and damage tolerance goals associated with U.S. Navy undersea operations. Newer tuned core sandwich concepts, while showing promise to improve overall reliability, are markedly more expensive than the simpler reinforced rubber domes. In this proposal, Materials Sciences Corporation (MSC) outlines a plan to develop and demonstrate an innovative fiber reinforced composite material sonar dome for the SQS-53C system used on destroyers and cruisers. During the Phase I study MSC, its manufacturing partner Seemann Composites Inc., and Applied Physical Sciences Corporation, will conduct design studies, perform panel tests and manufacturing engineering studies, and conduct acoustic analyses to establish the technical and cost feasibility of using a specialized fiber reinforced composite material to meet the structural and IL requirements of a SQS-53C sonar dome.

NEKTON RESEARCH LLC 4625 Industry Lane Durham, NC 27713
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(919) 405-3993 Dr. Frederick Vosburgh NAVY 05-128 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Automated Mine Neutralization Vehicle
Abstract:	We propose a small expendable neutralizer (XN) UUV capable of autonomously neutralizing proud and volume mines. XN will be compatible with legacy launchers and readily deployed from submerged, surface or air platforms. It will be capable of long range submerged deployment, as well as persistent station keeping. It will employ low cost/power guidance and control technology, yet home precisely. Propulsion, sensing and guidance and control will take up minimal volume, preserving payload space for the neutralizer payload.

OCEAN ACOUSTICAL SERVICES & INSTRUMENTATION SYST 5 Militia Drive Lexington, MA 02421
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 250-5158 Dr. Kevin . Heaney NAVY 05-128 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Automated Mine Neutralization Vehicle
Abstract:	Recent advances have been made in searching for and locating volume and proud mines in shallow and very shallow water. The procedure for neutralizing mines is still labor intensive, slow, expensive and dangerous. In this SBIR, OASIS and Lockheed Martin-Sippican (LMS) address the need for a ship, air or submarine launched unmanned vehicle to provide automated mine neutralization. The proposed Expendable Mine Automated Neutralizer (EMAN) vehicle will be a variant of the LMS production EMATT (Expendable Mobile Acoustic Training Target). Following the detection and localization by the reconnaissance UUV, an acoustic marker beacon will be placed in the vicinity of the mine and will have precise relative positions between the marker and the target. The EMAN's task is to transit to the beacon location, then transit to the position of the mine and await detonation instructions. The technical challenge to be addressed is the detection of the beacon signal in a noisy, bottom limited, very shallow water and dynamically complex environment, and then to transit to the beacon and the mine. With minor variants to the EMATT in hardware (adding hydrophones) and software, the EMAN system can be in production within the specified cost goals in the NEAR TERM.

VEHICLE CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 11180 Sunrise Valley Drive, Suite 350 Reston, VA 20191
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 620-0703 Mr. Kenneth W. Watkinson NAVY 05-128 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Automated Mine Neutralization Vehicle
Abstract:	Present mine neutralization vehicles like the AN/SLQ-48 and the AN/ASQ-232 are delivered by much larger manned vehicles into close proximity to the mine. This permits the mine neutralization mechanism itself to be much smaller and less expensive. An unmanned delivery vehicle, the Mine Neutralization Delivery UUV (MNDUUV), for several small automated mine neutralization vehicles is proposed. Such a delivery UUV would permit the neutralization vehicle itself to meet the size (5" to 6" diameter) and cost ($10k to $25k) objectives by moving expensive navigation and transit propulsion capabilities into the delivery vehicle. The MNDUUV is proposed as a reusable UUV that is launched and recovered from a ship. One of the key attributes of the MNDUUV will be its ability to dock with a ship-deployed recovery mechanism. The initial phase of this proposal will focus on the design of UUV and docking drogue functions required to support the critical docking operation.

MARK RESOURCES, INC. 3878 Carson Street, Suite 210 Torrance, CA 90503
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 543-4746 Dr. Richard L. Mitchell NAVY 05-129 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Autonomous Surface Threat Identification
Abstract:	The greatest commercial potential for the proposed system is widespread use among the military and civilian law enforcement to combat terrorism. The radars will be small and lightweight, appropriate for use by individuals, moving vehicles, and airborne platforms operating under dangerous circumstances.

STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC. 951 Mariner's Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 931-2700 Mr. Richard Stottler NAVY 05-129 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Surface Threat Identification
Abstract:	Stottler Henke proposes a software system, the Intelligent Surface Threat Identification System (ISTIS), based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques and our previous work, an existing Navy ID system, the Intelligent Identification Software Module (IISM). ISTIS will automatically analyze the data associated with a track, hypothesize, draw inferences, and make ID related recommendations. These data include the tracks' location and/or velocity reported over time and other ID related reports such as IFF codes, visual ID reports, acoustic signature, specific emitter ID (SEI), ELINT signature, FLIR reports, intelligence reports, communications, etc. The ultimate goal of this proposed effort is to improve the quality and efficiency of the ID process. This improved performance includes better use of scarce ID resources, better ID estimations from available information, sooner ID determinations, prevention of ID "surprises", and operating successfully in more complex environments. The goals of the Phase I research are to understand the current and potential ID environment, especially in littoral areas of interest to the US Navy; elaborate the heuristics, algorithms and techniques for automatic ID analysis; prove the feasibility of the techniques through prototype development; and develop the Phase II system design.

TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS, INC. 35 Water St., PO Box 717 Wiscasset, ME 04578
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(207) 882-7589 Mr. Tom Zysk NAVY 05-129 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Autonomous Surface Threat Identification
Abstract:	The Naval Autonomous Surface Threat Identification system will leverage Augmented Reality technology, advanced sensors and automated threat detection to enable superior surface threat detection aboard the Littoral Combatant Ship. Camera systems will be enhanced with magnification and non-visual optical sensors operating in the low light and infrared spectrums. Visual images of targets will be automatically or on-demand examined by intelligent agents to obtain and analyze threat related clues from the images. Image mapping and correlation to threat data bases will be created, and imported radar tracks will be monitored for clues to hostile intent (course and speed changes, etc.). Monitored track information will be collected and analyzed by a decision support algorithm and operator alerts will be triggered when a possible threat behavior is detected.

UTOPIACOMPRESSION, CORP. 11150 Olympic Blvd., Suite 1020 Los Angeles, CA 90064
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 473-1500 Dr. Joseph Yadegar NAVY 05-129 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	A Real-Time Robust Autonomous Surface Threat Identification and Visual Knowledge Discovery System
Abstract:	A set of robust software tools for automated identification/classification/recognition and tracking of surface threat among a group of non-threat entities is vital in the development of a good surveillance system. The increase in volumes of imagery data imposes a paradigm shift in the current surveillance systems used primarily only after the fact as forensic tools, to automatic knowledge exploitation tools to discover the relevant knowledge, forecasting the onset of (possibly catastrophic) events prior to their occurrences - such knowledge being critical for preventive actions across a number of government agencies - to detect, track and monitor (suspicious) objects and humans, their patterns of behavior and their associations in order to prevent possible calamities. Currently this capability is not available due to inadequate feature extraction and intelligent analysis tools that can in time communicate critical information collected and analyzed by various sensors. The objective of this project is the feasibility of an innovative Visual-Knowledge-Discovery system (VKD) to robustly and rapidly analyze actionable knowledge from visual data to identify and classify potential threats among a group of non-threat entities. The design and development of the system is based on a hierarchical/multi-resolution scene decomposition scheme to localize, recognize and track movement of objects of interest.

ADVANCED CERAMETRICS, INC. P.O. Box 128, 245 North Main Street Lambertville, NJ 08530
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 397-2900 Dr. Farhad Mohammadi NAVY 05-130 Awarded: 03NOV05
Title:	Alternative Methods of Wireless Sensor Power via Novel Piezoelectric Fiber Composites
Abstract:	Currently, wireless sensors have been used in variety of applications such as real-time data sharing, surveillance, in-vivo medical devices, condition-based monitoring, etc. that can revolutionize industrial efficiency, health monitoring, and data processing. Maximizing the use of wireless sensors onboard Navy ships will reduce the cost of maintenance and manpower. A state-of-the-art destroyer such as the DD(X), with its cutting edge sensors requires the use of heavy and limited lifespan batteries. To power such sensors, an alternative energy source to produce 10-100 mW continuous power is required. This proposal addresses that need via a novel approach to generate power from ACI's piezoelectric composites. Batteries are heavy with a limited life span, limited temperature range, and often replacing batteries in hard-to-reach locations, makes the use and inspection of wireless sensors much more difficult and perhaps impractical. Installation of power cabling can be expensive and time consuming and the wires add weight to the system. Piezoelectric materials, if devised properly, can convert up to 70 % of the otherwise wasted mechanical energy into electrical energy. Moreover, such a technology provides a low operating cost with little or no maintenance, high reliability, lower weight, and an efficient and permanent source of energy.

H2VOLT, INC. 1995 University Avenue, Suite 350 Berkeley, CA 94704
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(510) 428-1315 Mr. Flaming Zhou NAVY 05-130 Awarded: 03NOV05
Title:	Alternative Methods of Wireless Sensor Power
Abstract:	The mission of H2Volt is to produce a long lasting fuel cell based mobile power source with a degree of magnitude capacity improvement over today's batteries. H2Volt power system uses patent pending fuel cell system integrated with a replaceable solid chemical fuel cartridge. Dr. Zhou, inventor of the technology, has over 7 year of battery and fuel cell research and development experience. H2Volt proposes to explore and demonstrate the feasibility of a "fuel cell battery" that generates 10-500mW constant power with 10 times energy capacity of alkaline battery, a life of 5+ years, easy integration with wireless sensors, and zero maintenance for the life of the sensor. It will develop a novel method of self-regulating, passive, "air breather" fuel cell that requires no moving parts, but maintains sufficient hydration of the membrane to provide stable and reliable power. The project will perform limited prototyping, testing, structural and finite element analysis simulations to validate the design. Initial commercialization efforts will be through OEMs as a primary power of mobile electronic devices. In military applications, the strengths of solid fuel, increases in energy densities and shelf life, lightweight, safety and environmental benefits will make H2Volt system an ideal solution.

HI-Z TECHNOLOGY, INC. Suite 7400, 7606 Miramar Road San Diego, CA 92126
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 695-6660 Mr. Velimir Jovanovic NAVY 05-130 Awarded: 03NOV05
Title:	Alternative Methods of Wireless Sensor Power
Abstract:	Hi-Technology, Inc. (Hi-Z) proposes to use thermoelectric devices in developing an alternate method of providing power for wireless sensors. A thermoelctric gneator (TEG) converts heat directly to electicity in a compact, reliable, robust, solid-state module. Hi-Z has developed thermoelectric module technology that is well suited for this Navy application. Using the experience gained in the current Phase II SBIR where a small power-harvesting TEG is being designed and fabricated for Navy wireless sensors, Hi-Z is planning to examine all potential heat sources and select the best one for the conceptual design of a TEG for this application generating 10-100mW constant power and having a minimum life of 4 years. In the Phase II SBIR, Hi-Z is designing a TEG that utilizes the heat transfer between shipboard waste heat sources and the ambient air to generate electricity for wireless sensor. In two prior Navy applications Hi-Z designed TEGs for senors wih the one installed on USS Monterrey (CG61) operating on just a 5C difference between the temperature of the space inside the ship and the ships hull. In order to satisfy the desired small form factor for the alternate power source, Hi-Z proposes to apply its innovative Quantum Well thermoelectric technology that has four times higher conversion efficiency than SOTA bulk thermoelectrics.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Mr. Barry Polakowski NAVY 05-130 Awarded: 03NOV05
Title:	Alternative Methods of Wireless Sensor Power
Abstract:	The U.S. Navy has stated a need for reduced manning onboard future Naval vessels. This shall be accomplished by automating a multitude of processes and obtaining feedback via wireless sensors. Most modern sensors do not contain enough stored power to allow four years of continuous operation. The goal of this effort is to leverage Luna Innovation's existing wireless monitoring system to include state of the art power storage cababilities. In Phase I of this effort we shall the research team shall evaluate alternative methods of power and include the best technology into a bechtop sensor prototype. The Phase II shall allow the research and development team to create functional field-ready prototypes. This effort builds on the expertise of Luna Innovations in designing self-powered wireless sensor networks and secure wireless communication devices.

INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONIC MACHINES 60 Fourth Avenue Albany, NY 12202
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 449-5504 Mr. Zack Mian NAVY 05-131 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	Portable Intelligent Perimeter Sensor System (PIPSS)
Abstract:	Naval vessels docked at foreign ports are highly vulnerable to security risks ranging from attempted illegal boarding to direct attack from land or sea, and cannot have permanent security systems available in each port. A means is needed to provide simple, reliable, portable, rugged perimeter security in these conditions. International Electronic Machines Corporation (IEM), leveraging our work on multiple security, smart sensor, sensor fusion, and rugged monitoring and measuring projects for agencies ranging from the United States Marine Corps, NASA, the U.S. Department of Transportation, New York State, and others, will develop a Portable Intelligent Perimeter Sensor System (PIPSS) to automatically and reliably detect any attempts at intrusion from all directions, alert all appropriate locations to such attempts, perform equally well in all weather and lighting conditions, have no personnel requirements other than for setup, takedown, and alert response, require no more than one or two crewmen and an hour for setup, function for long periods without maintenance, be able to accept, use, and combine data from both built-in and third-party sensors, be expandable, adaptable, and customizable to meet the security demands of all sorts of vessels in different settings and mission profiles, and be highly affordable (<$4,000 per unit).

MAXENTRIC TECHNOLOGIES LLC 2071 Lemoine Avenue Suite 302 Fort Lee, NJ 07024
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 272-8800 Mr. Houman Ghajari NAVY 05-131 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	Integrated Shipboard Multi-function Surveillance System
Abstract:	Around-the-clock vigilance of valuable military assets, even in an ostensibly secure setting, requires substantial human effort and even the slightest error can result in disastrous consequences. MaXentric is proposing ISWAS, an Integrated Shipboard Wireless Autonomous Surveillance system, to reduce the probability of error and allow trained personnel to perform other critical tasks. ISWAS is a comprehensive solution, covering, sensor interface, wireless transport network, and data interface. ISWAS utilizes open standard architectures such as OSGi and allows multiple operators to utilize the same sensor network for different tasks. ISWAS combines Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) wireless networking components with a hardware adapter that uses innovative yet proven technology in order to create a jam-free, secure, and robust wireless sensor network. The control modules for COTS sensors are rapidly deployable plug-and-play modules that support multiple sensor types, and the Fuzzy Logic user interface allows the operator to set criteria for intelligent autonomous surveillance.

WILLIAMS-PYRO, INC. 200 Greenleaf St. Fort Worth, TX 76107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(817) 872-1500 Mr. Kartik Moorthy NAVY 05-131 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	Integrated Shipboard Multi-function Surveillance System
Abstract:	Williams-Pyro, Inc. proposes to develop a plug-and-play, distributed surveillance system called Wireless Energy-efficient Surveillance System - Open Architecture (WESS-OA) that integrates and automates full perimeter ship security to reduce workload. WESS-OA uses Wireless Intelligent Nodes (WIN) that collect and process data from sensors, such as standard video, low-light video, infra-red and optical-based sensors. In addition to visual information processing, the WESS-OA allows other sensory input data such as those from audio, vibration, chemical detection, ultrasound, and other RF-based sensors. WESS-OA is based on proven concepts such as (1) collaborative sensing and distributed processing involving sensors and WINs, (2) pervasive computing and central processing involving workstations and handheld units, (3) software radio technologies for dynamically reconfigurable wireless links. Each WIN uses standard low-power processors/hardware, communication protocols, interfaces, and energy-efficient data processing algorithms. The WINs continuously collect sensor data, collaborating to assemble a complete interpretation of the environment. Sensors monitoring the same area are connected to the same WIN, which tracks objects in that area. The WIN also pre-processes data if intelligent sensors are not available. In particular, WINs run the algorithms to pre-process the data (through change detection) from each video source.

BARRON ASSOC., INC. 1410 Sachem Place, Suite 202 Charlottesville, VA 22901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 973-1215 Mr. Jason O. Burkholder NAVY 05-132 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	Autonomous Sensor Health Monitoring for Modern Shipboard Control Systems
Abstract:	Next generation U.S. Navy shipboard control systems are being designed to provide much higher levels of machinery automation than their predecessors. The U.S. Navy is investing in these sophisticated systems with expectations of improved system performance and reliability. Moreover, reductions in the number of shipboard personnel required to operate the engineering plant may result in lower total ownership costs for these modern ships. Sensors distributed throughout the ship, numbering in the thousands, provide the required inputs to the automated ship control system. The cost in labor and materials to maintain and calibrate these sensors presents a risk to the anticipated cost savings. Furthermore, untimely sensor failures could cause the crew to lose confidence in the machinery control system. Barron Associates, Inc. (BAI) and its partner, Sperry Marine, a Unit of Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation, propose to develop an autonomous sensor health monitoring system that will leverage BAI's proven diagnostic techniques and Sperry's shipboard control system application expertise and development facilities. The development of a comprehensive fault and failure anomaly detection and isolation system will bring together flight-tested algorithms developed by BAI for online, real-time parameter identification and generic algorithms developed by BAI for sensor monitoring in any complex dynamical system.

IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 200 Canal View Boulevard Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 424-1990 Dr. Michael J. Roemer NAVY 05-132 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	Autonomous Monitoring and Assessment of Sensor Data in Support of Calibration and CBM
Abstract:	Impact Technologies, in cooperation with Northrop Grumman Ship Systems, propose to develop and demonstrate a comprehensive sensor health assessment software product that is capable of detecting sensor faults and isolating corrupt data acquired from critical ship systems. The proposed concept is innovative in the fact that it is based on a data-driven modeling methodology, which has generic application to both high and low bandwidth signals, and is capable of detecting subtle changes in signals resulting from calibration or sensor drift issues. In addition, based on the fact that the approach is highly scalable (not limited to the number of sensors), it can be applied across any ship system and readily support the condition-based maintenance (CBM) and mission readiness philosophies expressed in the DD(X) program. The signal health software modules, will not only be capable of real-time sensor fault detection (wired or wireless), but it can also recover from the sensor faults using the signal's predicted value until the sensor is repaired or replaced. This will allow the ship systems being monitored to continue to operate as normal without the need for abrupt maintenance actions that are costly to mission readiness and effective operations. Finally, the signal monitoring modules will operate in both transient and steady-state modes and will be implemented within an open-systems, modular software architecture suitable for any 3rd party system integration. Well-documented, dynamic link library (DLL) modules will be tested on selected NG systems relevant to DD(X) and delivered during Phase I for assessment into existing modular architectures such as the Navy's ICAS.

SYSTEMS PLANNING & ANALYSIS, INC. 2001 N. Beauregard St Alexandria, VA 22311
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(240) 296-1301 Dr. Jason S. Kiddy NAVY 05-132 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	Approach to Monitor and Assess the Quality of Sensor Data in Support of Calibration and Health Maintenance
Abstract:	SPA proposed to develop an artificial neural network-based intelligent fault diagnostic system for monitoring the health and calibration of shipboard sensors. The proposed approach will monitor sensor responses in real time to identify sensors that are not operating according to specification. Once identified, the system will determine if re-calibration services are required or if other types of failures have occurred. The system will help reduce maintenance costs and manpower requirements while contributing to a reduced false-alarm rate. Testing of the developed system will be performed in conjunction with the University of Maryland

HI-TECH WELDING & FORMING, INC. 1990 Friendship Dr. El Cajon, CA 92020
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(619) 562-5929 Mr. Scott Kettle NAVY 05-133 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	Advanced Structural Watertight Door System
Abstract:	Navy doors have been essentially built the same way for sixty years. The design has been proven in battle and sea use, but it also has been the source of significant maintenance and some safety concerns. Excessive weight and corrosion are the source of the continual maintenance. Door systems that solve the maintenance problems can be formed by a proprietary super plastic forming process. This process is capable of forming door systems that meet operational and pressure requirements while reducing door weight by almost 50% and eliminating corrosion. The process is also flexible enough to allow modifications to door stiffness and to accommodate door designs that are compatible with current ship bulkhead configurations. In Phase I, we will demonstrate that our approach is feasible through experimental validation and produce a preliminary concept design and associated component validation plan. In the Option Phase, we will develop and produce the designs for the super plastic forming tools.

JUNIPER ELBOW CO., INC. 72-15 Metropolitan Avenue Middle Village, NY 11379
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(718) 326-2546 Mr. Elliot Wiener NAVY 05-133 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	Advanced Structural Watertight Door System
Abstract:	New naval ship designs will result in faster & lighter vessels manned by fewer sailors. These design changes necessitate weight savings, reduced maintenance time, and life cycle cost reductions in all shipboard components. The objective of this project is to develop a new and improved watertight door system for future and existing ships that meet these requirements. Juniper Industries has been a primary supplier of standard navy watertight doors for several decades. Here, we propose to team with Walz & Krenzer, Inc. to focus on improving the primary areas of concern on all existing standard navy watertight doors, namely the the weight, the dogging system, the sealing system, the hinging system, and the life-cycle costs. The result will be watertight doors that are lighter, more durable, require less maintenance,and that are fully watertight. In addition, it is anticipated that the new door system will have the capacity to be used with a variety of panel materials, increasing the potential for both navy and commercial watertight door applications. Phase 1 research will demonstrate the economic and technical feasibility of two new dogging, hinging, and sealing systems, as well as investigating the use of composite door panels.

SCIMITAR TECHNOLOGIES LLC 2005 Big Horn Drive Austin, TX 78734
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 692-9663 Mr. Brian Muskopf NAVY 05-133 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	Advanced Structural Watertight Door System
Abstract:	U.S. Navy quick acting interior watertight door systems currently in service are heavy, unreliable and very expensive to maintain over the life cycle of the ship. The current Navy standard door system design is over 50 years old and suffers from a number of design deficiencies including the use of heavy corrosion prone materials, excessive number of penetrations, excessive number of parts and metal-on-metal contact during dogging operations. The complex dogging system consisting of rotating metal dogs and numerous tie bars with rotating joints require constant maintenance to keep the frictional parts lubricated and to keep all the components adjusted properly. Corrosion and metal-on-metal friction causes these parts to rapidly wear out and fail, ultimately requiring replacement and repair, resulting in high life cycle costs. This project will develop an innovative, cost effective, lightweight, corrosion and fire resistant, durable, quick acting composite interior watertight door (CIWD) system that will meet the structural load and environmental exposure design requirements for Navy interior watertight door systems. The lightweight CIWD system will significantly reduce life cycle costs by reducing the number parts and door penetrations, eliminating metal-on-metal contact and corrosion of locking mechanism parts, and the need for lubrication of moving parts.

DDL OMNI ENGINEERING, LLC 8260 Greensboro Drive, Suite 600 McLean, VA 22102
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 903-9777 Mr. James DuValeus NAVY 05-134 Awarded: 04NOV05
Title:	Portable Calibration Standards for Traceability
Abstract:	DDL OMNI proposes a ruggedized, portable, programmable device for the calibration of embedded sensor networks. Based entirely on Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) hardware and software, DDL OMNI proposes to instrument a system to quantifying the performance of sensors to NIST traceable standards. The proposed device is a self-contained calibration test standard housing a commercial Pentium processor and interface cards capable of simultaneous multi-channel source output and measurement input. Combined with tailored application software the design is modular, scaleable, extensible, traceable and consistent with commercial development trends. Designed to meet open architecture tenets, protocols and communications, the device ensures interoperability with multi-vendor equipment and future sensor developments. The resulting device is capable of performing a wide array of simulation/stimulation output, measuring and quantifying the sensor/system response output, and providing simultaneous monitored control of the output source signal. The packaged system provides comprehensive automated closed-loop calibration and monitoring with operator intuitive displays and indicators for rapid status assessments. Further, once implemented, the device can analyze historical sensor performance trends for the development of condition-based calibration requirements.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION CORP. 13029 Danielson Street, Suite 200 Poway, CA 92064
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 679-4140 Mr. Chuck Hahm NAVY 05-134 Awarded: 04NOV05
Title:	Portable Calibration Standards for Traceability
Abstract:	IAC proposes to design a portable platform that will implement NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) traceability standards for calibrating shipboard and industrial sensors. This platform will enable a single individual to perform automated closed loop calibration, thereby helping the Navy achieve its goal of reducing crew size requirements for the maintenance of large sensor networks. The use of remote desktop technology and remotely-controlled circuitry will allow a single maintainer to possess the controllability and observability required in order to perform sensor calibration procedures that presently require at least two maintainers. In addition, IAC will develop circuitry that meets the accuracy and stability levels required to maintain NIST traceable calibration standards. The protocols in the proposed concept platform will be based upon open standards and will strive towards compatibility with products from other vendors who may play critical technology roles in the overall solution that the Navy seeks. This circuitry and systems developed in this effort will support Navy documentation process for compliance to NIST traceability.

WILLIAMS-PYRO, INC. 200 Greenleaf St. Fort Worth, TX 76107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(817) 872-1500 Mr. Kartik Moorthy NAVY 05-134 Awarded: 04NOV05
Title:	Portable Calibration Standards for Traceability
Abstract:	The problem: Navy technicians spend hundreds of hours each year calibrating thousands of ship sensors on a fixed schedule. Figuring 15 minutes of labor for manually calibrating a single sensor, a facility with 100 sensors could spend 300 man-hours or more every year for monthly calibrations, easily reaching a $15,000 annual budget. Within Navy ships, this annual estimated budget would nearly triple, as Navy vessels such as the DDG-51 have nearly 2,700 sensors that need calibrating. Our solution: To decrease the time that Navy technicians spend calibrating sensors by over 75%, Williams-Pyro, Inc. proposes to develop the Accurate Sensor Analysis and Calibrating Tool (AccuSACT). AccuSACT will be a portable device approximately the size of a briefcase that will perform two functions: (1) accurately identify drifts in sensor readings from the standard reading and (2) indicate when and how technicians should calibrate the sensors. Once AccuSACT identifies a faulty sensor, the device will show test methods, criteria, and protocols defined by the Standard Reference Material distributed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. In addition, AccuSACT hosts the Navy's Interactive Electronic Technical Manuals to provide technicians with additional instructions concerning sensor troubleshooting, calibration, and configuration management.

SMARTWEAR, LLC 1802 Ocean Park Blvd., Suite E Santa Monica, CA 90405
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 396-1339 Dr. Michael Pottenger NAVY 05-137 Selected for Award
Title:	Textile for Under Armor Blast Protection
Abstract:	A fabric layer that provides shock absorption and energy dissipation functions is proposed to provide improved blast protection. Made from piezoelectric materials, the fibers convert the kinetic energy of mechanical impact into an electrical signal that is dissipated by the fabric. Piezoelectric fabrics can potentially address all of the stated solicitation requirements: Provide protection against pressure waves and fragmentation caused by detonation of IED's and other explosives; small, lightweight, flexible, breathable and able to be integrated into soldier clothing and other wearable gear; does not interfere with soldier mobility, increase thermal signature or induce fatigue. The applicant has conducted previous SBIR work to evaluate piezoelectric materials' effectiveness in wearable applications to damp vibrations, as well as to develop and characterize piezoelectric fabrics for use as portable and/or wearable power sources. That work provides a solid foundation to address the current solicitation. While still in the development stage, the piezoelectric fabric prototypes (see Section D) were produced on a commercial pilot production line. There is therefore a clear path to scale-up any results to production should the current project prove successful.

WARWICK MILLS 301 Turnpike Road, PO Box 409 New Ipswich, NH 03071
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 878-1565 Mr. Charlie Howland NAVY 05-137 Selected for Award
Title:	Exoskeleton Blast Protection for IED
Abstract:	Warwick's expertise with high-performance, protective textiles has led to the development of innovative solutions, including new body armor systems for multiple threats and the protective crash bag material used to land NASA's Spirit and Opportunity Mars rovers. We propose to create a lightweight, flexible, multi-layered system that will effectively mitigate the powerful forces of tension and compression that can cause traumatic limb separation caused by IED blast. Most existing body armor systems use a hard plate to protect against ballistic threats to the torso, and some also contain a softer fabric system to provide protection from fragmentation, but there is nothing available to today's warfighters that addresses issues of limb separation. This lack of protection leaves the wearer's extremities vulnerable to severe, often fatal, injuries caused by blast overpressure. Our research efforts will seek to achieve an optimal material combination that can absorb and dissipate energy from overpressure and can also withstand fragmentation of 0.100-1.2g. Proper selection of materials is vital, as each component will provide a critical level of protection. Furthermore, materials chosen must also be pliable enough so that end products meet dexterity, agility, and flexibility needs, especially when worn in combination with traditional hard-round ballistic body armor.

---------- DARPA ----------

64 Phase I Selections from the 05.2 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

DYMAS RESEARCH, INC. 2910 Fox Run Dr. Plainsboro, NJ 08536
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 865-1103 Dr. Wei Hu DARPA 05-001 Awarded: 01NOV05
Title:	Pulse Propagation in Negative Index Materials Having a Nonlinear, Positive Index, Host Medium
Abstract:	Negative Index Material (NIM) effects have been demonstrated in the microwave region but no NIM has been made that operates in the visible or near IR on nonlinear substrates. Researchers at Dymas Research propose an innovative integrated solution to develop NIM in the infrared range on nonlinear substrates. Our novel approach overcomes the drawbacks and limitations in conventional approach. To fabricate our proposed NIMs, we can use standard semiconductor processing technology, including photolithography instead of e-beam lithography.

POLARIS SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 200 Westside Square, Suite 320 Huntsville, AL 35801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 562-0087 Dr. Art Lompado DARPA 05-002 Awarded: 17OCT05
Title:	Opto-Mechanical Modeling of Low Cost, High Precision, Micro Components for Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
Abstract:	Polaris Sensor Technologies proposes to combine an innovative crossover-free Fiber Optic Gyroscope (FOG) sensor coil winding configuration, which is based on low cost single mode fiber and retains built-in thermal symmetry, with an opto-mechanical model of this novel device to enhance FOG capability. The cost and thermal sensitivity associated with current FOG sensor coils will be minimized through a high fidelity model which, in turn, will permit prediction and optimization of the performance of both the coil and the entire FOG sensor. The model will be based on the Mueller calculus, a well known framework capable of simulating the polarization resolved propagation of light through optical components such as those employed in a depolarized FOG. Coils with differing winding configurations will be designed, fabricated, and functionally tested. The test results will be correlated to the model predictions and both the model and the device designs will be iteratively improved. The enhancements afforded by this approach are expected to include higher FOG sensitivity at a reduced cost.

FIBERSTARS, INC. 32000 Aurora Road Solon, OH 44139
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(440) 836-7409 Mr. Chris Jenson DARPA 05-003 Awarded: 21OCT05
Title:	Smoke and Flame Resistant Large Core Plastic Optical Fiber for Highly Efficient Light Distribution in Navy Vessels
Abstract:	A large core optical fiber is desired that is capable of withstanding flame and smoke generation requirements as defined in military specifications for Naval applications and that maintains optical efficiency and mechanical flexibility similar to or better than current Large Core Plastic Optical Fiber (LCPOF) technology. In Phase I, Fiberstars will analyze and define the standards and test methods associated with smoke and flame risk. Perform research on the feasibility of materials, techniques and manufacturing processes available to achieve the required flammability requirements. Develop matrix of approaches that correspond to and allow for satisfaction of specifications of the standard. In Phase II, we will develop the cable design and fabricate prototype quantities available for performance and environmental testing. Conduct appropriate flammability and smoke generation testing on the prototype samples and characterize performance.

ACREE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1900 Bates Ave., Suite G Concord, CA 94520
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 798-5770 Dr. Mike McFarland DARPA 05-004 Awarded: 26OCT05
Title:	Arc Source Multi-Layer Coatings to Double lighting System Lifetimes without Affecting Performance
Abstract:	The purpose of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility of using Acree Technologies' Filtered Cathodic Arc Plasma Deposition process to deposit multilayer optical coatings to the outside of High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps to increase their lifetime and efficiency without affecting their color rendering or optical performance. To increase the life and efficiency of the HID lamps, the multilayer coatings will reflect ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) radiation back into the lamp so that the glass envelope will be more uniformly heated, reducing one of the major failure mechanisms, which is fracture of the glass due to devitrification and uneven thermal expansion at hot spots. The reflected UV has the added potential of increasing the efficiency of the lamp by recycling wasted photons. In addition, a diffusion barrier top coat will be used to inhibit contaminates from reaching the glass envelope, thereby extending the life of the lamps by reducing another major failure mechanism, which is fracture of the glass envelope due to phase changes at impurity nucleation sites.

FIBERSTARS, INC. 32000 Aurora Road Solon, OH 44139
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(440) 836-7421 Mr. Roger Buelow DARPA 05-004 Awarded: 07DEC05
Title:	Arc Source Multi-Layer Coatings to Doublelighting System Lifetimes without Affecting Performance
Abstract:	Evaluate feasibility of exterior barrier coatings on remote source HID lamps. Coat lamps with prelimiary designs and measure thermal distributions. Detail likely design space (materials, coating methods, annealing methods) for large-scale success. In Phase II, develop detailed designs, coating process, annealing process and tooling design. Determine effect of using evenly applied coatings (low pressure chemical vapor deposition) vs. uneven coatings applied by line-of-sight coating methods. Produce prototypes. Publish life and photometry effects of these coatings.

STRUCTURED MATERIALS INDUSTRIES 201 Circle Drive North, Unit # 102 Piscataway, NJ 08854
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 302-9274 Dr. Nick M. Sbrockey DARPA 05-004 Awarded: 25OCT05
Title:	Long Lifetime HID Lamps for Remote Source Lighting
Abstract:	In this SBIR Phase I effort, Structured Materials Industries, Inc., www.structuredmaterials.com (SMI) will develop long-lifetime, low-wattage High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps, for remote source lighting applications. Remote source lighting systems have the potential for improved operating and maintenance costs, as well as greater safety in wet environments and near flammables or explosives. SMI will develop and demonstrate optical coatings for low-wattage, high brightness HID lamps, based on SMI's well established technology for chemical vapor deposition. In Phase I, we will demonstrate high performance optical coatings on both test substrates and on actual low-wattage HID lamp envelops. We will fabricate low-wattage HID lamps with the coated envelops, and demonstrate improved performance, including better temperature uniformity of the lamp envelop and overall increased lamp lifetime. We will also develop a plan to integrate the optical coating technology into commercial production of long lifetime, low-wattage HID lamps, specifically optimized for remote source lighting applications.

APPLIED VISIONS, INC. 6 Bayview Avenue Northport, NY 11768
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(631) 754-4920 Dr. Anita D'Amico DARPA 05-005 Awarded: 23NOV05
Title:	Cyber Assets in the Battlefield Network: Situational Awareness of Mission Critical Computing Resources
Abstract:	Net-centric warfare places burdens on mission planners and commanders to understand dependencies, readiness, mobility, interoperability, and risk of cyber assets in addition to kinetic assets. They need to know "which computing assets are required for the success of the mission," "are there threats to their mission-readiness," "what is the impact if an asset is breached," and "are they where they should be at this point of the mission?" The questioner's role determines the form of the answer: commanders want go/no-go status of major mission elements, and expect a geographic frame of reference. By contrast, the J6 responsible for network operations wants to know the network location of cyber assets that are threatened, and whether redundant assets can ensure continuity of operations. Secure Decisions proposes to design new visual representations that integrate cyber assets into a battlefield tactical display that provides commanders with total situational awareness of the modern battlefield and empowers mission planners to integrate cyber assets with other mission-critical resources. We propose role-based views that customize the form and type of information on the display, based on operator roles. Our approach leverages existing tactical display technologies in a realistic plan leading to operational transition within three years.

INTELLIVIS 2722 South Davis Blvd. bountiful, UT 84010
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(801) 971-3680 Dr. Stefano Foresti DARPA 05-005 Awarded: 15NOV05
Title:	VISUAL FUSION AND CORRELATION OF ASSETS AND MISSION
Abstract:	For ten years, the interdisciplinary team of the Center for the Representation of Multi-Dimensional Information (CROMDI) at the University of Utah has successfully worked on problems in Medicine, Finance, and Networking to transform experts' heuristic knowledge into quantitative displays that improve decision making with respect to existing displays. The team has researched and developed visualizations for the Intelligence Community ARDA in order to improve situational awareness of critical cyber events, which resulted in "VisAlert" a very flexible visualization to fuse and correlate network information. The team founded IntelliVis, to commercialize VisAlert and to produce new visualization products for other situational awareness and decision making problems with overloading data. The objective of this proposal is to design a user centered visualization framework that fuses a variety of information sources both from physical and cyber-assets, and that can aid situational awareness and decision making in command and control. We propose to leverage our work for IC-ARDA, extend the capabilities, and generalize the visualization system we designed for network alerts so that the visual structure can be used to allow multiple users, spanning from the staff responsible for analyzing raw data to the commanders who are interested in summarized results. The resulting user centered visualization will allow for the perceptual grouping of disparate and heterogeneous types of data such as the status of fixed and mobile assets, mission information reporting, vulnerabilities, computer network activity, analysts summary, security alerts etc. across a temporal horizon. In particular, we will introduce variables, such as uncertainty and relevance, which are important user defined criteria that should be embedded and interacted with in the visualization. The objective is to ensure that the visualization propositions constructed are usable and result in increased usage and performance. This will be achieved by performing domain analysis to drive the design, and usability testing in the design phases. The studies will be conducted with expert users at the University of Utah ROTC, AFRL, and ARL by employing CROMDI's interdisciplinary methodology that has been successful in other domains.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5229 Dr. Eric van Doorn DARPA 05-006 Awarded: 11OCT05
Title:	Expendable, tactically interconnected RF sensor network
Abstract:	Intelligent Automation, Inc. (IAI), proposes a novel, expendable, tactically interconnected cluster of RF sensors forming a sensor network. The use of communication links as tripwire sensor is the innovation of this proposal. We propose to use the radio motes called Mica2Dot (916 Mhz) and Telos (2.4 GHz, which use the Zigbee Protocol) from Crossbow Technology Inc, CA. Open source software called TinyOS operating system will be used in programming the motes. The communication/ RF links in such a sensor network will be exploited as follows: Real time tripwire sensing: We use the RF communication link itself as a bi-static radar to detect any movements near the Line Of Sight between radios (sensors). Hence we can: . Distinguish between human, animal, and vehicular intruders. . Separate signal strength fluctuations due to nearby cell phones or other transmitters to those caused by physical intrusions. Real time Intelligence: Effective intelligent algorithm . Determines moving intruder information position, velocity and direction . Alerts the next node to get ready to listen to this intruder that is coming in its direction . Resolves simultaneous detection of more than one moving intruder advancing in different directions

WILLIAMS-PYRO, INC. 200 Greenleaf St. Fort Worth, TX 76107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(817) 872-1500 Ms. Nithya Ramaswami DARPA 05-006 Awarded: 12OCT05
Title:	Integrated Radio-Frequency Functionality in Wireless Sensor Networks
Abstract:	To reduce the size, cost, and power consumption of wireless sensor networks, Williams-Pyro, Inc. proposes to develop a Radio Integrated Sensor Node (RISEN) that integrates common functionalities of communication subsystems with the RF sensing and geo-location subsystems of a wireless sensor network. we will focus on sensing, communication, and data processing (including hardware, software, and routing algorithms) to reduce the number of subsystems, thereby reducing key metrics. Important design features include * Element reconfigurability to achieve sensor and transceiver functions * Programmable sensor nodes * Open architecture to include other modalities, depending on the application * Balanced flexibility and standardization * Low-power modulation schemes and antenna design * Spread Spectrum techniques to provide Low Probability of Interference (LPI), Low Probability of Detection (LPD), and Antijam (AJ) features * Multiple operational frequencies to enable flexible RF integration * Power-efficient algorithms for different layers of the protocol stack In Phase II, we will develop a Multi-Chip Module (MCM) to transition the RF module to a Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit (RFIC), and we may further transition it to a Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) implementation, depending on cost.

MENSSANA RESEARCH, INC. 1 Horizon Road, Suite 1415 Fort Lee, NJ 07024
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(201) 886-7004 Dr. Michael Phillips DARPA 05-007 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	Rapid, Non-Invasive Radiation Bio-Dosimeter
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to develop a non-invasive radiation bio-dosimeter by employing a mobile breathalyzer to measure biomarkers of oxidative stress in the breath. The rationale for this research is that gamma radiation causes tissue injury, resulting in increased electron leak of reactive oxygen species from mitochondria to cytoplasm and increased lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. This results in increased production of alkanes and methylated alkanes, which may lead to detectable changes in the composition of the breath as well as in cytokines in exhaled breath condensate. A completely safe, painless and non-invasive breath test could potentially provide a bio-dosimeter of exposure to radiation. In Phase I, this research will attempt to establish proof of principle by performing breath tests in human volunteers with cancer before and after radiotherapy. Breath samples will be collected with a breath collection apparatus, and then analyzed with gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. If this pilot study demonstrates a significant increase in radiation-induced oxidative stress, a larger Phase II study will be performed with a field-portable breath test as a bio-dosimeter of exposure to radiation.

RESONANCE RESEARCH, INC. 10 Cook Street, Pinehurst Business Park Billerica, MA 01821
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 671-0811 Mr. William F. B. Punchard DARPA 05-007 Awarded: 21OCT05
Title:	Portable Post-Radiation Bio-Dosimeter
Abstract:	This proposal is designed to provide a unique and effective solution to a critical military problem: how to quickly determine if an individual has received a dose of ionizing radiation that is likely to lead to acute clinical effects. It also would be applicable to a critical unmet need in dealing with certain types of terrorist-induced incidents. The solution proposed is the development of a hand held or easily transportable dosimeter that can, after-the-fact, rapidly and accurately measure the dose received by making measurements in tooth enamel with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR or ESR). Such an instrument would neutralize one of the major consequences of the use of radiological warfare or terrorism, which is lack of knowledge of the exposures of individuals. The desirable characteristics of this instrument include: � Sufficient sensitivity to measure clinically relevant doses � Ability to provide unambiguous data sufficient to make differentiation into designated dose subclasses � Applicable to individuals � Non-invasive � Ability to provide the data rapidly and clearly � Ability to operate in a variety of environments � Ability to be operated by minimally trained individuals.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Naresh Menon DARPA 05-008 Awarded: 20OCT05
Title:	Smart Hyperspectral Imaging Laser Scalpel
Abstract:	To address the need for a smart scalpel that extends the surgeon's natural human capabilities, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Smart Hyperspectral Imaging Laser Scalpel (SHILS) system based on a lightweight smart scalpel, a multiwavelength laser delivery subsystem, and a hyperspectral imaging subsystem with smart real-time feedback control. This system delivers a laser pulse with tissue-optimized wavelength, power, and pulse duration that prevent unintended tissue damage. In combination with the hyperspectral imaging system with 0.5 nm spectral and 10 micron spatial resolution, the device has micrometer-level surgical accuracy with software with real-time tissue diagnostic algorithms. These functionalities will extend the use of a surgical scalpel beyond what is possible with a standard instrument to reduce surgical errors, improve recovery time, and reduce cost. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the SHILS system by prototyping the hardware subsystems and demonstrating their performance in a laboratory setting. In Phase II POC plans to build a fully functional prototype with real-time feedback control that will demonstrate capability to remove tissue while identifying the tissue.

QORTEK, INC. 1965 Lycoming Creek Road, Suite 205 Williamsport, PA 17701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(570) 322-2700 Dr. Alex Freeman DARPA 05-008 Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:	Computer Integrated Dynamic Scalpel (CIDS)
Abstract:	Qortek in collaboration with Penn State - Hershey Medical School and Verefi Technologies, a surgical simulation tool provider, proposes computer Integrated Dynamic Scalpel (CIDS) that allows recording of surgeons' endoscope motion during a surgical procedure. The dynamic scalpel comprises various smart sensors embedded for real-time displacement, gyroscopic and acceleration measurements, which are transmitted wirelessly to a central surgeon database or to a surgical control room. Rigid body dynamic models, motion compensation algorithms, data reduction techniques are developed and used to reduce this data to surgical tool - tissue interaction models. This information can be shared for; trainee to improve his/her surgical skill, assess post surgical outcomes, plan future surgical procedures and send the information to a robot to repeat similar surgical procedures. The dynamic scalpel information can also be sent over the Internet to across the world so a medic to treat a wounded soldier can follow the exact surgical procedure. The information can be compiled for virtual human physiology database. As a final outcome of Phase I, CIDS is integrated to OR surgical procedures. CIDS approach can be followed for many surgical tools and robots to yield a Computer Aided Surgical Systems and Technology (CASST).

DESIGN INTERACTIVE, INC. 897 Kensington Gardens Court Oviedo, FL 32765
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 739-9892 Ms. Kelly Hale DARPA 05-009 Awarded: 05DEC05
Title:	Information Delivery and Display for Shared Awareness in the Net Centric Battlespace
Abstract:	The opportunity exists to develop an innovative information delivery solution that will enhance warfighter performance in the context of the "Net Centric Battlespace" and take advantage of developing revolutionary command, control, and communications capabilities. The current effort proposes inserting humans and machines into a closed loop system, where information display is dynamically adjusted based on real-time EEG recordings to optimize individual and shared SA and related decision-making processes within a command center team, which mirrors the approach taken by the Augmented Cognition efforts driven by DARPA in capturing real-time brain signatures to drive information display adaptation. This proposed effort is unique in that (1) the specific EEG signatures to be developed under this effort aim to measure individual and shared situation awareness and (2) substantial effort will be devoted to identifying truly innovative principle-driven multimodal information display strategies that support effective communication and decision-making. We see the true innovation of this effort as the proposed adaptive, configurable, and considerate information display strategies that should greatly enhance individual and team decision-making through enhanced shared SA and optimal communication of critical information in appropriate modalities across team members. The end goal is to measurably improve the speed and quality of both individual and group communication and decision-making.

DISCOVERY MACHINE, INC. 454 Pine Street Williamsport, PA 17701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(570) 329-0251 Dr. Todd W. Griffith DARPA 05-009 Awarded: 10NOV05
Title:	Information Delivery and Display for Shared Awareness in the Net Centric Battlespace
Abstract:	FORCEnet has provided the Navy with unprecedented connectivity, allowing vast amounts of information to flow through the battlespace. This information, however, must be directed and culled in order to be useful. Formalization of best practices is needed in order to leverage the information quickly and effectively. Here we propose to apply The Discovery MachineT (TDM) and its associated methodology, The Discovery Machine Methodology (TDMM) to capture, formalize, and operationalize the best practices employed by naval personnel in the filtering and dissemination of information across a network centric battlespace. Our proposed solution considers information delivery and awareness as decision support issues, rather than communication issues, and as such focuses on the capture of decision making knowledge from naval experts as crucial to solving information awareness problems. An opportunity exists to address the issues of information delivery and collaboration. By allowing decision makers to more directly affect the development of the tools that they themselves use. We provide an environment that enables experts to define their own information retrieval systems based on their best practices. This same application development environment also facilitates the collaboration between users by enabling the design of custom communications tools.

PERCEPTRONICS SOLUTIONS, INC. 3527 Beverly Glen Blvd. Sherman Oaks, CA 91423
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 461-9150 Dr. Amos Freedy DARPA 05-009 Awarded: 26OCT05
Title:	Meta-Cognitive Shared Awareness in Collaborative Decision Making
Abstract:	This proposal describes a system to support shared awareness of team functions in net-centric collaborative decision making. Our goal is to enhance team decision making by enabling the team to better coordinate its critical team cognitive processes. These processes, which include information exchange, communication, individual initiatives and supporting behavior, depend heavily on properly shared team mental models. Our proposed system will automatically enable the warfighter team to maintain a common shared mental model as well as a shared representation of situational knowledge. This will enhance collaboration, timely exchange of critical knowledge and integration of the dispersed cognitive capabilities into a superior decision making system. We propose to create a team-aware meta-cognitive information support layer composed of collaboration tools that will facilitate the maintenance of shared mental models of team function. Our approach focuses on the integration of three modeling frameworks that have shown strong promise as a means of enhancing the performance of teams and individuals in decisions making under stress: Adaptive User Models for team-aware automated information selection and distribution, Decision Process Models to provide a framework for team workflow management, and Critical Thinking Models to prompt team critical thinking through the facilitation of critical dialogue.

SECURBORATION, INC. 695 Senderling Dr Indialantic, FL 32903
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 591-9836 Mr. Lee Krause DARPA 05-009 Awarded: 06DEC05
Title:	Information Delivery and Display for Shared Awareness in the Net Centric Battlespace
Abstract:	Future military operations will continue to be Joint and Coalition efforts in the 21st century, thus the transformation of data into actionable knowledge and its fusion into a common operational picture is critical for all of our Services and allies. To support commanders faced with this complex problem, Securboration Inc. working closely with Klein Associates is pleased to propose the Sensemaking Common Operational Picture Environment (SCOPE). The focus of this effort is to convert the wealth of information available in FORCEnet into actionable knowledge based on the Sensemaking theory[1] developed by Klein Associates. SCOPE combines an innovative application based on Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA), Sensemaking theory, Ontology modeling, and cognitive science to improve the speed and quality of both individual and group decision-making. In Phase I the Securboration team plans to develop the requirements for SCOPE, an initial architecture to support SCOPE and a proof of concept based on a Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) scenario to validate SCOPE approach.

ARCHINOETICS, LLC 733 Bishop St., Suite 1820 Honolulu, HI 96813
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 221-2131 Dr. J. Hunter Downs III DARPA 05-010 Awarded: 24OCT05
Title:	Evolutionary and Neurobiologically Inspired Computational Platform for Autonomous Vehicle Control
Abstract:	Building upon the Edelman's Neural Darwinism and Damasio's brain model, we propose a framework for creating evolutionary and neurobiologically inspired computational platforms for autonomous vehicle control as well as for applications in the arena of ambient intelligence. Additionally, we propose this framework within a larger one that includes sensor and actuator interfaces together with a communications infrastructure for social interaction. Phase I of this project includes the development of a specification for these platforms and the creation of prototype hardware. Phase II proposes an application with a population of these platforms.

INFORMATION SYSTEMS LABORATORIES, INC. 10070 Barnes Canyon Road San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 535-9680 Dr. Nikolai Rulkov DARPA 05-010 Awarded: 29NOV05
Title:	Special-Purpose Computing for Neurobiologically Inspired Networks
Abstract:	Recent progress in understanding the mechanisms underlying animal behavior has come from the construction biomimetic robots with neural circuit controllers and the analysis of the controller dynamics during interaction with the environment. Such robots have enabled researchers to quickly experimentally test hypotheses and develop new thoeries. What is presently needed is the capability to construct more complex control networks and understand their operation in a vehicle. We propose to develop a control system for an undulatory robot based on the simple nervous system of the lamprey. We have developed physiological models of various types of neurons and synapses that are implemented in the form of a difference equations. These models can be combined to produce very realistic patterns of spiking and bursting activity of individual neurons. The models are simple enough both to reveal the underlying dynamical mechanisms and to build a network controller within a microprocessor. We will apply the models to replicate the behavior of a simple electronic nervous system that can operate in real time. Using numerical simulations we will establish the mechanisms and patterns which enable diving, climbing, turning, avoiding obstacles, rheotaxis, and swimming in a fixed direction.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Dr. Edward A. Rietman DARPA 05-010 Selected for Award
Title:	Oscillatory Neuromorphic Computing for Robotics
Abstract:	Physical Sciences Inc. proposes to develop an oscillator-based neurocomputer for associative memory and sensor fusion. The oscillatory-neurocomputer exploits the properties of nonlinear oscillators to form Central Pattern Generators (CPGs). CPGs are common elements throughout the entire nervous system. Investigators have already started to use silicon central pattern generators for small-scale sensor fusion and direct control of robots. No one has yet examined the use of CPGs as computational elements to build scalable neuromorphic systems. In contrast to competing approaches which typically require n-squared programmable connections and therefore do not scale well to large real-world problems, these systems require only order n connections and the sensing elements feed directly into the network to change the connection. Dynamic changes in the sensors or actuators (e.g. motor drive current) automatically change the dynamics of the network. Our Phase I research will focus on mapping the detailed dynamics of small-scale hardware networks of CPGs with the objective of using them as components for building larger neuromorphic systems for controlling real-world processes. In Phase II we propose to integrate our neuromorphic computational engine with a mobile robot.

AFCO SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT, INC. 200 Finn Court Farmingdale, NY 11735
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(631) 424-3935 Mr. Godfrey Vassallo DARPA 05-011 Awarded: 29NOV05
Title:	Embedded Capability-Based Operating Systems
Abstract:	Commercial and Military embedded systems are lacking security properties as demonstrated by the increase in system failures and service disruptions. These breaches are caused by the inability of the operating system to recognize and/or prevent intrusion by unauthorized agents. A family of reliable operating systems (EROS) has been developed and has been recognized by DARPA as a way of solving these problems. The study identifies key tasks involved in accomplishing the OS port and evaluates its probability of success. A major innovation introduced by the ASD team is the use of a bootstrap architecture that guarantees the integrity of the system while adding another layer of security. As part of its commercialization plan, ASD has already interested one of its customers in enhancing the security capability of their sensor network. AFCO Systems Development (ASD) will provide convincing evidence that EROS can be ported to an embedded computer. The EROS family of systems was selected for this purpose because of their capability-based properties and acceptance by DARPA. The team assembled to accomplish this effort is eminently qualified because of its intimate knowledge of EROS, its derivatives, their experience in designing embedded systems, and their innovative approach.

STRAWBERRY DEVELOPMENT GROUP 2533 N Carson St Ste 5494 Carson City, NV 89706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(530) 292-3105 Mr. Charles Landau DARPA 05-011 Awarded: 25OCT05
Title:	Demonstration of an Embedded Capability-Based Operating System
Abstract:	We propose to study the feasibility of demonstrating a capability-based operating system running a home control application on an embedded processing platform. Capability-based systems have documented advantages in security and reliability, but no commercial system is available for an embedded processor. Some embedded processors raise issues such as cache coherency that present challenges for a capability-based system where flexible sharing is the norm. By porting an existing code base, we expect to quickly develop a system to study. The demonstration will include software for a home automation system which will monitor the home, control lighting, audio/video, HVAC, security, and other systems, and manage resources. This application will demonstrate the robustness of the system, its performance parameters, its ability to interface to a variety of sensors and actuators, its ability to reliably and securely integrate software from many different sources, and its ability to communicate with users of various levels of trust. These characteristics are all of value in military and other commercial applications. The feasibility study will focus on performance and manageability of the system, both being areas in which questions remain about capability-based systems.

VIOSOFT CORP. 2959 S. Winchester Blvd., Suite 203A Campbell, CA 95008
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 341-1015 Mr. Hieu T. Tran DARPA 05-011 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Leros - A Capability-Based Extension to Embedded Linux
Abstract:	Viosoft will prepare a feasibility study for Leros; a capability-based extension to the Linux operating systems which we plan to develop to provide access to embedded system resources via unforgeable capabilities. We will describe the methods Leros uses to establish confinement boundary within the non-trusted Linux operating system, and analyze the feasibility of such methods against the resource constraints of typical embedded systems. We will describe methods to implement the software components required to support the operation of a single Leros application on a typical embedded platform. These components will consist of the Leros Memory Manager that prepares capabilities and translates Leros address space, and a Leros Persistence Manager that provides transparent persistence to objects in the Leros address space. We will provide feasibility study of these components, and analyze the consequences of providing persistence and check-pointing services using flash memory instead of disk. Finally, we will describe the overall impact on the confinement properties of Leros processes when they execute on non-trusted operating systems such as Linux. The proposed work in Phase I of our proposal lends itself well to the requirements of Phase II and beyond, wherein we will propose the implementation of a prototype of Leros components necessary to demonstrate a single Leros application providing services to remote clients over USB port. The underlying efforts, when successfully implemented and commercially deployed, will play significant roles in improving the reliability and security for a wide range of embedded systems in the military domains.

AFRAME DIGITAL, LLC 40272 Hiddenheights Ln Lovettsville, VA 20180
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(919) 426-7005 Mrs. Linda Bonanno DARPA 05-012 Awarded: 26OCT05
Title:	Non-Intrusive Health Monitoring for Post-Battle Wellness Management
Abstract:	This proposal is fully responsive to DARPA topic SB052-012. It provides research toward an innovative non-intrusive health monitoring system for military personnel recovering from combat injuries. The proposed approach will collect and analyze real time data of vital signs, patient activity, fall acceleration and location parameters to detect deviations from learned norms, from modelled expectations, and to make predictive determinations. The research will be conducted with experts in military medical care and the VCU Medical/NASA biosensor team to evaluate the efficacy of intelligent software approaches to "trip-wire" monitoring of a recovering patient. The commercialized system will work across all echelons of military medical care from noisy evacuation transports to stateside medical facilities and even the soldier's home. It will meet HIPAA and DOD privacy and security guidelines. The technical vision includes small wireless non-intrusive wearable sensors of socially acceptable form factors, secure wireless networks, intelligent analysis software, displays for medical personnel, and interfaces to medical record systems. It will be a highly flexible and scalable standards-based platform to accomodate likely advances in miniaturized epidermal, implantable and swallowable medical sensors, patient activity sensing, and evaluative software.

BARRON ASSOC., INC. 1410 Sachem Place, Suite 202 Charlottesville, VA 22901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 973-1215 Mr. Aaron B. Olowin DARPA 05-012 Awarded: 26OCT05
Title:	Health-Related Quality of Life Tracking for Post-Battle Wellness Management
Abstract:	There is a recognized need to monitor the medical condition (i.e., physical and mental health) of soldiers and veterans recovering from battle-related injuries to detect problems with their recuperation. In particular, a low-cost, noninvasive "trip-wire" system is required that functions as a safety net, detecting when assistance or intervention is needed and issuing advisories to health care providers concerning significant changes in important medical indicators, such as decreases in mobility. These capabilities are important to all recovering soldiers and veterans, especially those who live alone. The classic and most accepted method for assessing the physical and mental health condition of an individual is administration of a psychometric health survey (questionnaire) to evaluate their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Barron Associates and the University of Virginia Health System propose developing the QualTrak system, a novel, low-cost, unobtrusive, and automated method for monitoring, evaluating, and reporting changes (both negative and positive) in Soldiers' HRQOL. The basic concept will be rigorously demonstrated in the Phase I effort by statistically testing QualTrak's predictive utility against the validated Short Form-36 (SF-36) Health Survey (Version 2.0).

ERALLO TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 20 Taylor Street Littleton, MA 01460
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 884-8199 Mr. Rajan Zambre DARPA 05-012 Awarded: 01NOV05
Title:	Intelligent, Wireless, Agent-based Health Monitoring Network for PTSD and Alcohol
Abstract:	Erallo proposes to design a multi-agent, service orientated software and hardware architecture for remote wireless sensor monitoring and data processing. The architecture will combine the best aspects of different architectures, including Wireless Sensor Networks, Mobile Multi Agent strategies, Service Orientated Architectures, Artificial Intelligence and Multi Sensor Data Fusion techniques to accomplish a modular, flexibility and efficient platform that can deploy a wide range of sensor monitoring applications. In parallel with the architectural design, we will design and specify a prototype application. This dual approach will promote the solid design of a architecture that assimilates the needs of applications into the core of its framework. The prototype application will incorporate three sensors that Erallo has worked with previously, including a wireless transdermal alcohol sensor, heart rate monitor and accelerometer. Erallo also proposes to conduct a limited clinical trial at the end of Phase I using the 3 sensor devices to demonstration the feasibility and operations of a wireless sensor network system with automatic daily data transmission. The trial will collect data that can be used in the knowledge base for the PTSD application being designed in Phase I and planned for trial in Phase II.

21ST CENTURY TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 4515 Seton Center Parkway, Suite 320 Austin, TX 78759
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 342-0010 Dr. Arthur Keen DARPA 05-013 Awarded: 31OCT05
Title:	Comprehensive, Advanced Vulnerability of Infrastructure Assessment Tool (CAVIAT)
Abstract:	21st Century Technologies, Inc. (21CT), leveraging our expertise and experience in graph-based pattern matching, threat/vulnerability assessment and our team of experts propose CAVIAT, a Comprehensive and Advanced Vulnerability of Infrastructure Assessment Tool. CAVIAT is an intelligent agent based architecture that will produce a truly innovative, next generation DoD technology to improve the ability to rapidly capture, assess, reason, and generate alerts about threats and vulnerabilities for highly inter-related military infrastructures. CAVIAT is based on integrating agent-based reasoning with 21CT's proven expertise in graph pattern matching-a unique innovation of distributed, hierarchical, exact and inexact graph pattern matching. In this representation, a graph represents threat and vulnerability knowledge of military installations and a graph pattern represents hypotheses of threats and vulnerabilities associated with a certain type of military infrastructure. A matched pattern represents an actual threat or vulnerability associated with a set of military infrastructures. Agent-based reasoning technologies assess and reason about the threat or vulnerability by analyzing context of the matched pattern in the context of the graph. Knowledge capture will be performed using Prot�g�, an ontology capture editor, developed by Stanford University. Additional infrastructure relationships and ontological information will be modeled using graph-based representations. __________________________________________________ ______________

ADVENTIUM ENTERPRISES, LLC 111 Third Ave. S., Suite 100 Minneapolis, MN 55401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(651) 295-7126 Mr. Todd Carpenter DARPA 05-013 Awarded: 25OCT05
Title:	Vulnerabilty Assessment and Prioritization Methodology (VAPM)
Abstract:	This project will develop and deploy a comprehensive force protection vulnerability analysis process that accommodates diverse and large geographic areas, public events, infrastructure interdependencies, attacker goals, means, and methods, and defender priorities. This process will be based on the Vulnerability Assessment and Prioritization Methodology (VAPM) originally developed and applied to domestic homeland security assessments. While VAPM addresses the issues identified by DARPA, it currently requires significant effort by diverse subject matter experts to drive the process, capture the data, analyze results, and develop recommendations. Automated reasoning support of the cognitive tasks required to apply VAPM is necessary to facilitate more widespread utilization, reduce workload, thereby enabling robust, actionable predictive intelligence for threat avoidance and mitigation. Phase I will produce a detailed design to make VAPM less human expert intensive and facilitate its deployment across military bases and provide a proof-of-concept demonstration. Feasibility of the design and results will be evaluated by military personnel.

ON TARGET TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 107 Elise Place Yorktown, VA 23693
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(541) 543-4216 Dr. Brian Drabble DARPA 05-013 Awarded: 20OCT05
Title:	Automated, Adaptive Vulnerability Assessment Tools
Abstract:	This effort brings together the proven resource allocation capabilities of On Target Technologies a small veteran-owned business with their "state of the art" cross dependency target systems analysis (TSA) technology. We propose a proof of principle effort that will combine several proven models: Barlow's model of horizontal cross-dependency with weighting, Warden's model of vertical cross-dependency and their fusion into the WARLOW-McCrabb model of target vulnerabilities, capabilities and requirements.

BENTHOS, INC. 49 Edgerton Drive North Falmouth, MA 02556
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 563-1000 Mr. Dale Green DARPA 05-014 Awarded: 25OCT05
Title:	Distributed Collaborative Planning and Control for Undersea Surveillance using Swarms of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
Abstract:	The Navy is just beginning the development of concepts of operations (CONOPS) for using large numbers of undersea vehicles and sensors in autonomous, collaborative networks designed to conduct ASW, mine hunting, harbor and Fleet defense, and environmental sensing. There are many constraints on network performance, some due to physics, some to the current state-of-the-art in various technologies. For purposes of this proposal, we consider the issues of physics and modem capabilities and the impact those have on network design and utilization. The discussion of physics is familiar, with the limitations imposed on the performance of acoustic communications reasonably well documented and understood. On the other hand, these physical issues have always been addressed in terms of the limitations imposed by current modem technology, particularly half duplex links and compromise between the desire for asynchronous multi-access and the need for dedicated channels to convey large amounts of data. This proposal recognizes the advent of new technology which will materially affect CONOPS considerations. Among the anticipated enhancements to modem technology are the design and construction of a single modem able to function simultaneously in two distinct frequency bands. From a conceptual point of view, this will permit us to, for example, restrict one channel to a low data rate, very robust command and control (C2) channel to be used in an asynchronous, multi-access mode by multiple platforms. At the same time, the second channel might be controlled for dedicated high data rate telemetry. This proposal address the CONOPS implications of these technological advances.

IRI COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS CORP. 11950 San Vicente Blvd, Suite #102 Los Angeles, CA 90049
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 260-1034 Dr. Izhak Rubin DARPA 05-014 Awarded: 24OCT05
Title:	Distributed Collaborative Planning and Control for Undersea Surveillance using Swarms of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
Abstract:	We propose to develop and analyze ad hoc wireless networks that employ a mobile backbone network (MBN) based architecture for undersea surveillance systems that are configured by the use of underwater unmanned vehicles (UUVs). We will introduce new techniques for the effective use of UUVs in these architectures to make the ad hoc wireless network dynamically self-configurable, in supporting multimedia flows under quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees, and offering high levels of robustness. Our network configuration and QoS-routing operations rapidly adapt to detected threat scenarios by dynamically locating UUVs and routing message flows spatially and temporally in accordance with the specified measures of mission effectiveness. We will develop backbone synthesis, UUV positioning and Q0S-routing algorithms that effectively utilize the highly limited communications capacity assets, the limited energy resources, the underlying link induced high propagation delays and the dispersive nature of the undersea communications channels, in a scalable fashion. We will develop an extended IRI MBNP_Sense faster-than-real-time prototype simulator to evaluate and control the UUV based network, and navigate UUVs to optimal positions to best attain system performance. The efficiency and scalability of our techniques will be proven for large networks under a multitude of surveillance scenarios, network structures and mission objectives.

SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS CO., INC. 500 West Cummings Park - Ste 3000 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 933-5355 Dr. Jovan D. Boskovic DARPA 05-014 Awarded: 18OCT05
Title:	Distributed Collaborative Planning and Control for Undersea Surveillance using Swarms of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
Abstract:	SSCI proposes to develop an efficient Decentralized Interception System (DIS) for a Collaborative Networked Autonomous Vehicles (CNAV). The DIS will include tasks such as the vehicle assigmnents for interception based on the overall probability of interception, and vehicle reallocation and repositioning for subsequent target interception. The key aspect of the proposed approach is the the definition of the corresponding performance criteria, and the vehicle repositioning based on the Reachable Set computation. The performance of the DIS will be tested on a high-fidelity simulation of a target intercept scenario. The specific tasks that will be performed during Phase I include: (i) Problem formulation and DIS architecture development; (ii) Development of DIS; and (iii) Test and performance evaluation through simulation. Phase II will focus on algorithm enhancement, performance evaluation through high-fidelity simulations, and Phase II transition plans. SSCI will work closely with CNAV prime contractors to implement and transition the results of this SBIR effort.

TOYON RESEARCH CORP. Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Mr. Patrick A. Toole DARPA 05-014 Awarded: 24OCT05
Title:	Distributed Collaborative Planning and Control for Undersea Surveillance using Swarms of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
Abstract:	Toyon Research Corporation, together with the University of California at Santa Barbara (UCSB) and Nautronix MariPro Corporation, proposes to develop autonomy algorithms which will transform a set of independent underwater vehicles (AUVs) into a collaborating swarm of AUVs that work together to respond to underwater threats. The paper describes the autonomy, as demonstrated as part of the Toyon CAATS seedling demonstration, from which swarm behavior emerges as each node contributes and forwards information deemed pertinent to other nodes. We describe the hierarchical autonomy structure and the overall guiding principles for achieving mission success in the dynamic noisy, shallow water environment. We describe the localization algorithm appropriate for swarming agents amid the multi-path acoustic propagation inherent to littoral regions. We present the fusion and tracking algorithms best suited for the sensor measurements (bearings-only, time-of-closest-approach) and noisy environment. We also describe the simulation tool used to develop the autonomy algorithms. Finally, we present preliminary simulation results showing the projected performance of a swarm endowed with the algorithms described herein. Toyon, UCSB, and Nautronix MariPro are ideally suited for this research and development effort and have extensive experience in sensor systems, networking, tracking, localization, and underwater acoustic communications and detection systems.

METROLASER, INC. 2572 White Road Irvine, CA 92614
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(949) 553-0688 Dr. Vladimir Markov DARPA 05-015 Awarded: 06DEC05
Title:	Aspect-Based 3D Multiplex Holographic Display With Real-Time Refresh
Abstract:	With the increasing importance of military operations in urban terrain (MOUT), the need to visualize the complex 3D structure of urban areas for tactical engagements has become increasingly critical. To achieve this goal, DARPA has issued a request for a high performance 3D display for the representation of urban environments. In response to this need, MetroLaser, Inc. proposes the aspects from points (AFP) display system, which will provide for multiple viewer 3D displays incorporating real-time full color imagery. The AFP display system is based upon the novel use of a faceted holographic optical element (HOE) to redirect and compose a multiplicity of 2D images into a single 3D scene with look-around capability. In order to provide the 2D imagery, the AFP system employs the multiple temporally multiplexed projection elements that are subsequently spatially multiplexed by the HOE. With this innovative approach, the bandwidth issues of temporal multiplexing and the bulk, cost, and crosstalk issues associated with purely spatial multiplexing are avoided. To render the necessary imagery for the AFP display system, a distributed real time rendering approach will be employed, which is well-suited to the multiple projection elements of the display.

STELLAR MICRO DEVICES 2020 Centimeter Circle Austin, TX 78758
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 997-7782 Dr. Leonid Karpov DARPA 05-015 Awarded: 02DEC05
Title:	Stacked Emissive 3D Display
Abstract:	A novel Stacked Emissive 3D Display (SE3D) uses additive multi-planar imaging to present full 3D images. The first version will have several planes of semi-transparent cathodoluminescent display layers in the same overall thickness as an LCD. SE3D will be freely programmable to present visualizations and full motion video in gradations from 2D to full 3D depending on how much content is available on scene depth.

APPLIED RADAR, INC. 210 Airport Street, Quonset Point North Kingstown, RI 02852
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(401) 295-0062 Dr. William H. Weedon DARPA 05-016 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	Active RF Circulators
Abstract:	Applied Radar Inc. proposes the development of active MMIC-based circulators in order to achieve high isolation between transmit and receive paths for simultaneous transmit and receive (STAR) phased-array radar system architectures. This technology will enable increased persistence in intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) systems and allow multiple simultaneous radar modes including SAR, GMTI and AMTI. The different pulse widths required by these various radar modes often precludes simultaneous multi-mode radar operation. Previous work in active MMIC circulators in the early 1990's demonstrated the concept of active circulator, but did not achieve the required performance. Recent advances in chip-level RF modeling, advances in device processes and new materials such as SiGe, GaN, and SiC show promise of achieving an active circulator with up to 40 dB of T/R isolation with less than 0.5 dB of loss, while handling 1 Watt or more of CW power. There is also a growing trend towards the integration of multiple RF components in a single chip. The development of a high-performance MMIC-based circulator will enable system-on-a-chip architectures, enabling increased phased-array functionality, while reducing size and cost.

CIRCULATION, INC. 74 North Street Danvers, MA 01923
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 784-7770 Dr. Vincent Harris DARPA 05-016 Selected for Award
Title:	Broadband Self-Biased Ferrire-Coupled-Line Circulators Operating at X-band Frequencies
Abstract:	We propose a new approach to microwave circulator design the employs self biased magnetization-in-plane ferrite materials in a coupled line geometry. In Phase 1 we will identify and optimize concepts based on the self biased ferrite oupled line circulators. Optimization will include simulations based on different line dimensions, line spacings amd coupled meandering line configurations.

FROST COMMUNICATIONS, INC. 5901 Montrose Road, Suite S-1300 Rockville, MD 20852
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 984-8722 Mr. Edward G. Frost DARPA 05-019 Awarded: 23NOV05
Title:	Robust Communications
Abstract:	The proposed technology coined the Frost Secure Waveform (FSW), unlike prior methodology, secures the RF carrier itself, Layer-1 of the OSI Reference Model, as a discrete transmission element, as opposed to the information it carries. The signal becomes part of the GWN rendering it almost invisible to all except the intended communicants and even if detected, is extremely difficult to acquire. The modulation scheme and bandwidth transparent technology takes advantage of maturing DSP, FPGA and extremely accurate miniaturized, low power, timing oscillator technology making highly secure LPD-LPI-AJ possible for UCAVs and at all DoD equipment levels from fixed plant through personal hand held equipment. The technology provides increased signal orthogonality, permitting multiple FSW and other signals to coexist in the same spectral and physical locations. The FSW is capable of restricting communicants' operating locations and providing network element location information in mobile environments. LPD-LPI-AJ algorithm keys need never be exchanged over the air. One-time based keys are unique for each communication. The FSW is protocol, encryption and information transparent and may be used transmission facility for dynamic, wideband, high speed, self configuring networks. When integrated with eXOS Systems Coherent Informatics networking software, it will be full J-UCAS COS compliant.

SAN DIEGO RESEARCH CENTER, INC. 6885 Flanders Drive, Suite A San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 623-9424 Dr. Bo Ryu DARPA 05-019 Awarded: 12DEC05
Title:	Robust Communications for Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles (RC-UCAV)
Abstract:	Robust communication is a reliable, available, mission-aware, and survivable networked-communication links capable of withstanding attempts by enemy to detect, disrupt or intercept communication signals. Small groups of networked Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles (UCAVs), such as Joint Unmanned Combat Air Systems (J-UCAS), require robust communications to successfully engage in missions such as cooperative target search, acquisition, and tracking, suppression of Enemy Air Defense (SEAD), cooperative attack, persistent Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR), Electronic Attack (EA), and other broader range of tactical combat missions. The fundamental component for such cooperative operations is autonomous, mission-driven communication among themselves with high stability and in LPD/LPI/LPE environments. SDRC RC-UCAV solutions efficiently integrate and optimize the following four innovative features: (i) SDRC's high-frequency multimode modem capable of operating at negative signal-to-noise ratio; (ii) steerable, narrow-beam directional antenna with associated adaptive networking protocols; (iii) free-space optics (FSO) in addition to (i) and (ii), yielding hybrid FSO/RF system through the Link Monitoring Controller (LMC) integration; and (iv) tight coupling between communication parameter control and mission execution/planning. During Phase 1, SDRC will conduct a thorough comparative study and simulations between RF and hybrid RF and FSO networks to quantitatively measure UCAV network robustness for Phase 2 consideration.

SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS CO., INC. 500 West Cummings Park - Ste 3000 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 933-5355 Dr. Joao B. D. Cabrera DARPA 05-019 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	Robust and Stealthy Networking Technologies for Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles
Abstract:	Networks of Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles (UCAVs) are expected to operate with increasing levels of autonomy to fulfill complex missions with minimal human intervention. From a networking point of view, the ensemble of UCAVs form a Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) with special characteristics. The overall objective of the effort (Phase I and Phase II) is to produce the Networked UCAV Robustness&Stealthiness (R&S) Balancing suite of waveforms (understood here as a collection of cross-layer protocols) which will make explicit use of the peculiarities of MANETs involving UCAVs. Tactical operations involving UCAVs are intrinsically stealthy, translating into the need for operating with the lowest possible transmission power. This has serious consequences for connectivity, as low transmission power limits the range of inter node links for multihop routing, which in its turn increases the probability of network partitioning. The Networked UCAV R&S Balancing suite of waveforms is produced by formally addressing the trade-off between connectivity and stealthiness as an optimization problem with node-dependent constraints. The protocol suite will also include provisions for nodes to operate in a purely passive mode for covert data exfiltration, as well as provisions for multi-path routing for minimizing probability of packet interception. The resulting protocol suite will utilize the Hazy-Sighted Link State (HSLS) dissemination scheme for distributing node connectivity and profiles. BBN Technologies will be a subcontractor in the effort, providing expertise in communication technologies and support for prototype development in Phase II.

SPERIENT, INC. 1813 Rutan Drive Livermore, CA 94551
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 447-3333 Mr. E. Tom Rosenbury DARPA 05-020 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Chip-Scale Technologies for Giga-band Signals
Abstract:	Wireless micro-systems have the potential to operate with Gigabits of information without power-hungry components associated with conventional narrowband carrier technologies. These systems will have fewer components, cost less and operate with better performance than can be imagined with today's technology. Giga-band technology is barely in its infancy, yet interesting state-of-the-art solutions based on Giga-band's precursors have already been shown great success in demonstrations for DARPA, SOCOM, TLA's and other DoD agencies. To realize the potential of Giga-band microchip solutions, several new tools and techniques will be needed. Zero-bias amplifiers, delay lines and on-chip pulse generation tools and techniques will be investigated.

TIALINX, INC. 8 Halley Irvine, CA 92612
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(949) 285-6255 Dr. FRED MOHAMADI DARPA 05-020 Awarded: 03NOV05
Title:	Chip-Scale Technologies for Giga-band Signals
Abstract:	Ultra-wideband pulse position modulation operating at extreme frequencies is becoming very attractive for Giga-band signaling applications. Radio communication systems using Giga-band signals will not only be more efficient in use of the spectrum, but will also be more difficult to detect and jam. In response to SBIR solicitation SB052-020, a novel phase shifter circuit is being proposed as a discrete element of a UWB PPM system or a cell block of active devices for wafer scale antenna array module.

AGUILA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 310 Via Vera Cruz, Suite 107, Suite 107 San Marcos, CA 92078
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 752-1199 Mr. M. Albert Capote DARPA 05-021 Selected for Award
Title:	High-Speed Interconnects Over Copper Traces
Abstract:	As technology trends towards higher system data rates with reduced size and cost, the ability to create high-speed electrical interconnections at low cost is becoming critical. High-speed I/O, integrated along with high I/O parallellicity, is allowing interconnects to achieve over 1Tb/s of total chip-to-chip data rates. These rates are on a rapid upward trend, increasing at a rate of about 20% per year. As this trend continues, chips with many hundreds of parallel 20 Gb/s I/Os will be on the scene within the next five years. In order to compensate for the inadequacies of the inter-connect technologies, chip manufacturers are integrating low-jitter clock circuits, adaptive equali-zation and multilevel signaling into chip I/O. However, the high non-recurring costs involved in such approaches can only be afforded by the highest volume applications. Using commercial materials and printed circuit manufacturing methods, this proposed program will develop an inex-pensive technology for increasing the bandwidth of copper traces on printed circuits. The ap-proach involves using novel networks to optimize each data channel at the design stage using conventional design tools. Our techniques will permit creation of copper-clad printed circuits using conventional materials, such as FR4, yet support single channel data rates in excess of 10Gb/s.

BANPIL PHOTONICS, INC. 2953 Bunker Hill Lane, Suite 400 Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 282-3628 Dr. Achyut K. Dutta DARPA 05-021 Awarded: 12DEC05
Title:	High-Speed Metallic Interconnects Technology
Abstract:	With the continued growth in the integration density of CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) technology and clock frequency of microprocessors, the aggregate bandwidth required between future-generation microprocessors and chipsets will increase sharply. Driving serial or parallel data at high speed over copper on FR4 based printed circuit boards (PCBs) is becoming a severe design constraint. This limits the signal carrying capacity significantly for a given channel length. Innovative high-speed electrical off-chip interconnects technology is highly desirable, which can reduce the disparity between off-chip and on-chip signal carrying capacity in cost-effective and reliable ways. We propose an innovative cost-effective high speed (> 20Gb/s per channel) FR4 based electrical (metallic) interconnect technology, which can increase the signal carrying capacity of the board-level interconnects more than 6 times than the conventional FR4 technology. During Phase I, we propose to carry out: (i) identifying system applications where high speed metallic interconnects can be used, (ii) design and model the proposed metallic interconnects and simulate their performances, (iii) investigate the high-speed chips capable to handle over 10 Gb/s per channel and design the interfaces and circuitry for board demonstration, (iv) build the board with high speed chip attached, and test the performances, and (v) analyze and optimize the design. Details structure simulation, design optimization, and board demonstration, done in Phase II, can be connected to Phase II work. We will focus primarily on manufactruring technology development for more than 8 layers FR4-PCB buildup and demonstrate prototype with multiple chips attached in Phase-II.

IRVINE SENSORS CORP. 3001 Redhill Avenue, Building #3-108 Costa Mesa, CA 92626
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 444-8715 Dr. Volkan Ozguz DARPA 05-022 Awarded: 22NOV05
Title:	Trust Enabling Stacking Technology
Abstract:	Irvine Sensors Corporation (ISC) proposes to develop a stacked-chip solution to allow the creation of fully trustable integrated circuits starting from non-trusted components. Our approach combines a "trust-enabler" stacked module, designed and fabricated in a "trusted foundry" that monitors every activity of the non-trusted component and provides a safety agent for the surrounding critical system. From a system viewpoint, the system designer can use the proposed module as a "trustable" single chip, both in physical sense (e.g. packaging size, footprint, IO interface) and in logical sense (level of IO signals, data rates). One (or few) standard trust-enabler stack (TES) can be used to provide security to many non-trusted components. All these can be accomplished while maintaining the size and appearance of the whole module as a single chip.

NVE CORP. (FORMERLY NONVOLATILE ELECTRONICS, INC. 11409 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 996-1636 Dr. James Deak DARPA 05-022 Awarded: 03NOV05
Title:	Trusted IC System Utilizing IDDQ Fingerprints
Abstract:	This Phase I SBIR program will determine the feasibility of a unique sensor and test technology that measures trust levels in the operation of analog or digital integrated circuits (IC) through the use of device specific quiescent current (IDDQ) fingerprints. The IDDQ sensor is based on microelectronic magnetic field sensors, which are inexpensive, highly versatile, wide dynamic range, non-perturbative, and low power. The IDDQ sensor can be added to existing ICs at the wafer level, or it could be used to externally and non-destructively monitor an IC through current consumption. The IDDQ sensor operates by measuring the stray magnetic fields generated by current carrying interconnects or integrated components. The test portion of the technology compares a measured IDDQ fingerprint with an IDDQ fingerprint defined for a trusted circuit. Statistical analysis of the difference between the trusted and untrusted signatures is used to determine the trust level. Additionally, the test method permits the generation of unique, hidden, test sequence dependent, identification codes for any IC due to the effect of manufacturing process deviations and IDDQ hysteresis on the IDDQ fingerprint. The identification code can be used for forensic and system-level anti-tamper applications.

CREATV MICROTECH, INC. 11609 Lake Potomac Drive Potomac, MD 20854
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 983-1650 Dr. Cha-Mei Tang DARPA 05-023 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	Rapid, Detection of Active versus Inactive Botulinum Toxin
Abstract:	Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) are among the most poisonous substances known. Although production and dissemination of pure toxin is not trivial, it is highly feasible, making BoNT a potentially devastating bioweapon. Four serotypes A, B, E and F cause illness in humans. At present, the only method that is used with confidence to detect BoNT is the acute toxicity test performed with mice. This mouse bioassay has a number of drawbacks: it is expensive to perform, requires a large number of animals, takes four days to complete, and does not confirm toxin serotype unless carried out in parallel with antisera neutralization tests. Some immunoassays have demonstrated sensitivities similar to the mouse bioassay, but immunoassays alone do not indicate the toxin's proteolytic activity (the measure of its toxic action), which can lead to false positive results. CDC has demonstrated a sensitive BoNT detection method that determines proteolytic activity based on mass spectrometry, but its drawbacks are expensive instrumentation, the need for a highly trained operator, and 5-6 hours assay time. Dr. Cliff Shone of Health Protection Agency in the United Kingdom, has demonstrated two sensitive BoNT detection methods by immunoassay and by mass spectrometry, both of which require extensive manual operation and 5-6 hours assay time. We propose an assay, cartridge and an instrument to meet the critical need for a BoNT detection method. It will be better than the existing technologies because of the following characteristics: . Rapid - 2 to 3 hours . Sensitive - at least as sensitive as the mouse bioassay . Confirms toxin proteolytic activity . Portable, countertop instrument . Automated assay not requiring highly trained personnel Phase I of the proposal will demonstrate the part of the novel assay that demonstrates the activity of BoNT and sensitivity of the method.

DVBIO, INC. 385 Ravendale Mountain View, CA 94043
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 303-4181 Dr. John Hefti DARPA 05-023 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	Sensors for Wide-Area Evaluation of Live/Dead Biowarfare Pathogens
Abstract:	The development of a rapid physiology-based detection and viability evaluation platform for applications in biowarfare defense is proposed. The platform is intended to provide analysis of environmental samples within minutes of capture, and provide near real time data on the log-kill of the pathogen during and after decontamination efforts. The mature platform will be a fully hardened portable unit capable of rapid analysis under harsh conditions, require minimally trained personnel without access to laboratory facilities, and able to analyze multiple pathogens simultaneously. The platform is based on the correlation of specific dielectric responses of a given environmental sample to a matrix of defined media. Detection is based on stimuli of species-specific physiologic responses, and so is able to directly determine pathogen viability. The detection technology employs newly developed dielectric measurement methods which greatly improve detection sensitivity while significantly reducing cost and complexity of the system, as well as greatly simplifying demands on sample preparation and handling. The detection component is adaptable to most sample handling formats, including micro-arrays and flow cytometric systems. It is capable of being integrated into orthogonal detection platforms for enhanced specificity and sensitivity, as well as being configured for a wide range of applications and conditions.

VISTA ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 8203 W. Quinault Ave., Building C, Suite 200 Kennewick, WA 99336
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(509) 737-1377 Dr. Joseph W. Maresca, Jr. DARPA 05-023 Awarded: 26OCT05
Title:	Wide-Area Measurement of CWA/BWA Surface Contamination Using Gaseous Tracers
Abstract:	Vista Engineering Technologies will develop, demonstrate, and commercialize a novel tracer technology to rapidly detect and quantify the concentration of active and inactive CWA/BWA in a building following an attack. One or more interactive and conservative tracers are introduced into a room or the ductwork in a building, and the relative concentration of the sampled interactive and conservative tracers are used to detect and quantify agents present in the rooms, hallways, stairwells, and ductwork of the building. The technology will be faster and more accurate than the current state-of-the art approaches. First, the tracer gases will attain better and more complete coverage. The technology has the potential for interrogating the entire building, an entire floor, or an entire room from a single location, including the furniture, shelving/cabinets, and difficult-to-access areas. Second, the technology has an SNR advantage over other technologies (perhaps, 30 dB), because the noise is controlled, and the interactive tracer, not the threat agent itself, needs to be detected. The technology can be implemented as a contact sensor, a point sensor, and a remote sensor with standoff distances of the dimensions of a room, a floor, or the entire building.

ERISTECH, INC. 656 22nd Street San Diego, CA 92102
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 342-2517 Mr. Shayan Alam DARPA 05-024 Awarded: 25OCT05
Title:	Lightweight Solar-Regenerative Energy Storage
Abstract:	ErisTech, a minority owned small certified defense contracting business based in San Diego, proposes a solution that will explore "best of breed" energy collection and storage techniques for surveillance airships in the stratosphere. Phase I work will consist of developing the most efficient power system (e.g. highest power output, lowest weight). Top priority issues will include energy density, fuel efficiency and availability, and atmospheric conditions. At the end of Phase I, a design concept will be written for a 24 hour continous energy solution involving multiple energy systems and utilizing energy sources found naturally in the stratosphere. We will also look into the feasibility of creating a solar hydrogen solution and a next generation nano-scale solar panel that covers the infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light spectrum to create an ultra-efficient photovoltaic cell.

MICROSAT SYSTEMS 8130 Shaffer Parkway Littleton, CO 80127
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 285-1846 Mr. Scott Enger DARPA 05-024 Selected for Award
Title:	Lightweight High Specific Energy Power System for High Altitude Airships
Abstract:	The DoD has numerous space sensor and communications systems that are baselined for high altitude airships (HAA). These systems require continuous power for maintaining airship position and operating the sensor and communications systems. Because of the on-station time periods of the HAA of up to one year, on board stored fuel is not a feasible option for providing power to the HAA. Therefore, the best solution is the use of photovoltaics for energy collection coupled with a secondary battery for energy storage. Unfortunately, given current battery technology and the best available photovoltaics, the power subsystem mass would overwhelm the lift capacity of the HAA. Having a power subsystem tailored toward meeting the needs of the HAA that is scalable with specific energy densities of at least 2.0 kW-hr/kg is a realistic and necessary long term goal for the DoD. MSI together with Yardney/Lithion recognize the need to drastically increase the entire power subsystem's energy density to make HAA's a viable platform for the space based sensors. MSI is proposing to develop a HAA power system architecture consisting of thin film photovoltaics (TFPV) on a polymer substrate, a lithium-air battery, and power distribution electronics that can exceed 2000 W-hr/kg.

SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING CORP.(SPEC) 101 West Sixth Street, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 479-7732 Dr. Burt Fowler DARPA 05-024 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	Lightweight Solar-Regenerative Energy Storage for High Altitude Airships
Abstract:	SPEC (Systems & Processes Engineering Corporation) will design a lightweight solar-regenerative energy storage system with 100 kW output power and specific energy density of 2 kW-hr/kg or greater based on low-weight fuel storage and delivery technology and a lightweight, compact MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems) PEM (Polymer Electrolyte Membrane) fuel cell. SPEC fuel cell technology incorporates a unique H2O management system that recovers liquid water directly from the cell resulting in improved performance at lower system weight. A system trade study will be performed to optimize system specific energy density and determine the optimal lightweight system configuration including the possible use of a non-regenerative system component to meet peak power demands during windstorms. During Phase 1, SPEC will identify currently available components that meet system requirements and identify those components that require further development to meet program goals. The specific energy density and total system weight will be modeled and quantified using analysis. The optimal operating points for the photo-voltaic, energy discharge, electrolyzer, and non-regenerative sub-systems will be identified as a function of the diurnal cycle and power delivery requirements.

GUILD ASSOC., INC. 5750 Shier Rings Rd, P.O. Box 8013 Dublin, OH 43016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(843) 573-0095 Dr. David Schofield DARPA 05-025 Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:	Bioluminescent Detection of Chemical Agent Contamination
Abstract:	Chemical weapons such as organophosphate (OP) nerve agents pose a deadly risk to both military and civilian personnel as exemplified by the use of nerve agents during the Iran/Iraq war and the Tokyo terrorist subway attack of 1995 which caused over 3,000 casualties. In addition, OP pesticide contamination of soils and water supplies is thought to result in 1 to 3 million cases of pesticide poisonings annually worldwide. Consequently, there is an urgent need for natural biological systems that can detect and safely dispose of these toxic compounds. This proposal will generate a genetically engineered yeast biosensor that can detect and hydrolyze chemical warfare agents such as VX. Importantly, the yeast biosensor will also be able to detect the subsequent biodegraded products. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is a robust non-pathogenic microorganism that is resistant to environmental extremes, will be used as a self-contained biosensor. No exogenous substrates or consumables will be required and a simple hand held illumination device will allow distinct visual detection of the chemical agent contamination and biodegraded products using a dual fluorescent reporter system.

OPERATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES CORP. 4100 N. W. Loop 410, Suite 230 San Antonio, TX 78229
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(210) 731-0015 Dr. John G. Bruno DARPA 05-025 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	CW Agent FRET-Aptamer Spray & Compact Scanner
Abstract:	Operational Technologies Corporation (OpTech) will develop and demonstrate a cocktail of several Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-DNA aptamer sequences of different analyte specificity in a single spray during Phase I for low-level detection of low-volatility chemical warfare (CW) agent simulants on surfaces and equipment. The fluorophore and quencher will be incorporated into a single DNA chain aptamer structure so that fluorescent light will be emitted ("lights on") or quenched ("lights off") only if the specific CW simulant binds to the FRET-aptamer. In Phase II, OpTech will clone and sequence the CW agent aptamers, and develop a compact surface scanner in conjunction with its subcontractor (Taboada Research Instruments). Upon completion of Phase II, OpTech will deliver the integrated fluorometric scanner and FRET-aptamer spray system to DARPA for further testing and validation.

TRANSMEMBRANE BIOSCIENCES 145 North Sierra Madre Blvd., Suite #5 Pasadena, CA 91107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 791-1774 Dr. Hiep-Hoa T. Nguyen DARPA 05-025 Awarded: 21OCT05
Title:	Bioluminescent Detection of Chemical Agent Contamination - A Highly Specific and Sensitive Cell-Based Fluorescent Biosensor for Detection of Nerve Gas Agents
Abstract:	The objective of the proposal is to create prototype(s) for a microorganism-based fluorescent biosensor for the detection of nerve gas agents. The biosensor is derived from the enzyme organophosphorous hydrolase and the bacterial periplasmic binding proteins. The main sensor units are double fusion constructs with N-terminus and C-terminus linked fluorescent proteins, hence relying on FRET as detection principle. The main goal for this research is creating an efficient reagentless fluorescent biosensor that is economical yet highly sensitive, highly specific for the detection of nerve gas agents but convenient and simple to use. Specifically, we seek to develop a bacterial biosensor that glows red observable by the eyes in the presence of nerve gas agents.

M-DOT AEROSPACE 3418 South 48th Street, Suite 3 Phoenix, AZ 85040
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(480) 752-1911 Mr. Dennis Barbeau DARPA 05-026 Awarded: 25OCT05
Title:	Novel Propulsion Using Humphrey Cycle or Other Concepts
Abstract:	M-DOT proposes to study application of a proprietary rotary expander as a quasi-Constant-Volume Combustor (CVC) in a gas turbine. Whereas CVC has been explored as a topping element (to increase max cycle pressure) within the Brayton cycle, it has generally involved reciprocating piston or wave rotor embodiments. The rotary expander should provide constant-volume pressure rise combustion with smooth mechanical operation. In addition, the expander can be self propelling through proper timing of the burning process. Challenges include selection of structural materials to take the high operating temperatures, minimizing thermal distortion and leakage, developing optimum timed injection of fuel to maximize efficiency and provide positive drive torque, and integration of the CVC burner into the gas turbine such that performance of the compressor and turbine are not compromised. In Phase I, a cycle study will be conducted to estimate benefits in a 1600 HP class turboshaft. Initial boundary conditions will be basis for a combustion analysis by Daniel Paxson at NASA GRC to generate pressure and temperature data for use in a CVC/Brayton cycle study. At Phase I conclusion, a preliminary design will exist as basis for Phase-II design, fabrication and testing of a rotary CVC.

ACULIGHT CORP. 11805 North Creek Parkway S., Suite 113 Bothell, WA 98011
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(425) 482-1100 Dr. Mark S. Bowers DARPA 05-027 Awarded: 17OCT05
Title:	Wavelength Conversion of Pulsed Fiber Lasers
Abstract:	First generation mid-infrared lasers contribute to the prohibitively high life cycle cost of infrared countermeasures systems, precluding their broad application in helicopters. We propose to develop a fiber amplifier-based IRCM laser transmitter that will contain all optical beams within optical fiber, eliminating adjustable, discrete, optical mounts, to significantly increase the laser's MTBF. The Phase I work will develop an in-line optical parametric oscillator to show an all in-fiber mid-IR laser.

AZNA CORP. 36 Jonspin Road Wilmington, MA 01887
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 642-2025 Dr. Min Jiang DARPA 05-027 Awarded: 15NOV05
Title:	Efficient High Power Multi-line Pulsed Mid-IR Laser
Abstract:	AZNA proposes a gain-switched Tm-doped fiber laser to generate flexible waveforms in the mid-IR spectral region. The proposal uses the most recent advances in high power fiber lasers and amplifiers to achieve high efficiency and high power. Generation of stable and reliable waveforms is achieved using an innovative pump scheme for the gain-switched Tm-doped fiber laser. The power conversion efficiency from pump diode to mid-IR waveform generation is as high as 25%. Integrated with a mid-IR optical parametric oscillator, the proposed system provides up to three wavelengths in the mid-IR. The design also allows fast tuning in wavelength as well as modulation frequency of the waveform.

Q PEAK, INC. 135 South Road Bedford, MA 01730
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 275-9535 Dr. Alex Dergachev DARPA 05-027 Awarded: 29NOV05
Title:	Fiber-Laser-Based Mid-IR Source
Abstract:	Advances in diode-pumped solid state lasers and high-quality nonlinear materials have facilitated development of all-solid-state, mid-infrared sources suitable for infrared countermeasures. Present systems are based on bulk-crystal pump lasers combined with suitable nonlinear wavelength converters. Recent results with high-power fiber lasers suggest that they can replace the bulk devices as pump sources, with the advantages of higher mechanical ruggedness, greater packaging flexibility and simplified thermal management. We propose to analyze and develop an innovative system that combines a flexible, waveform/wavelength generator, an efficient, fiber-based power amplifier and a optical parametric oscillator wavelength converter to generate power in three bands falling in the 2-5 um wavelength range.

CONTINENTAL CONTROLS & DESIGN, INC. 20252 Bancroft Circle Huntington Beach, CA 92646
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 964-6553 Mr. Matthew Ryan DARPA 05-028 Awarded: 21OCT05
Title:	Autonomous Operation of Hovering/Staring Fixed Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Abstract:	DARPA has long demonstrated interest in hovering and perching aircraft for staring surveillance by funding research on many types of rotorcraft, from conventional helicopters to ducted fans like the OAV. Recently, hovering has become commonplace with hobbyist's amazingly agile fixed wing '3-D' aircraft. Though the bandwidth requirements are low, precision hovering is not a trivial task, requiring simultaneous coordination of up to 4 control inputs. Also, tail sitting is possible only with high power loading and low disk loading. Most 3-D planes are very light, but when a useful payload is added (autonomous avionics, video camera and transmitter, large batteries etc.), this becomes more dicey. We propose a Phase 1 demonstration of fixed wing autonomous hovering using a modified version of our 18" Locust MAV. Our avionics, including GPS/INS, video and data transceivers, weigh less than 2 oz. Planned changes are 1) a large, variable pitch optimized tractor propeller 2) a sonic altimeter for perching 3) customization of the autopilot algorithms to include a hover mode. The control topology is unchanged, but the aerodynamic derivatives are obviously altered by the static, hovering condition. This isn't of great concern as Locust regularly flies in an aerodynamically unstable loading condition.

HOOD TECHNOLOGY CORP. 1750 Country Club Road Hood River, OR 97031
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(541) 387-2288 Dr. Andy von Flotow DARPA 05-028 Awarded: 23NOV05
Title:	Autonomous Operation of Hovering/Staring Fixed Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Abstract:	Very highly maneuverable remote controlled (RC) aircraft are flown indoors and can be made to hover; these craft can transition from horizontal flight to vertical flight without use of complex gear and do no have any component that serve a single flight phase only. For such RC craft to be made to fly autonomously using an on-board sensors and a computer, one must understand their dynamics. To scope the complexity of the control problem, a validated simulation tool will be produced in this work. It includes wind tunnel testing, especially at large angle of attacks and low speeds and flight tests to compare simulated and actual motion.

INTELLITECH MICROSYSTEMS, INC. 17001 Science Drive, Suite 119 Bowie, MD 20715
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 860-0825 Mr. Stephen J. Fujikawa DARPA 05-028 Awarded: 31OCT05
Title:	Enabling Technology for a Fixed Wing Hovering UAV
Abstract:	Fixed wing aircraft may be made to perform helicopter-like hovering maneuvers by equipping them with powerful engines yielding thrust greater than weight. Such aircraft have the high speed dash performance of a fixed wing combined with the hovering/staring capability of a helicopter. A UAV equipped with this technology would have unprecedented versatility on the battlefield, being able to rapidly transport a sensor to a target area, and provide uninterrupted staring capability upon arrival. The articulated rotor controls of a helicopter are not required. The UAV uses conventional aileron, rudder and elevator actuated by propeller blast with innovative control algorithms. This research will develop enabling technology for a hovering UAV, including systems studies, dynamics modeling, control algorithm synthesis, and 6-DOF simulations. The development is expedited by building on the results of previous research by the investigators in autonomous miniature reconnaissance helicopters for operation in urban battlefields. Phase I will focus on analysis and simulations whose validation will be obtained by instrumenting an inexpensive model airplane as a hovering dynamics testbed to obtain actual flight data. Phase II will develop a dual mode autopilot (forward flight and hovering) for a proof of concept demonstration.

VAPORCOR LLC 21954 Bear Creek Rd Bend, OR 97701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(541) 385-0573 Mr. Ken Spence DARPA 05-26 Awarded: 21NOV06
Title:	Novel Propulsion Using Humphrey Cycle or Other Concepts
Abstract:	We propose an engine concept, which we call a Cart-Engine, which embodies both a thermodynamic cycle innovation and a mechanical innovation that can achieve exceptional efficiency, low mechanical vibration, and can burn multiple fuels. In addition, the manner in which the Cart-Engine functions promises the potential for low emissions, high power to weight, and low manufacturing cost. We have already built a working proof of concept engine and are proposing to develop a more refined test method, currently under development, which will allow us to measure and validate performance predictions and modeling.

---------- SOCOM ----------

19 Phase I Selections from the 05.2 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

GECO, INC. 1754 N. 48th St. Mesa, AZ 85205
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(480) 981-7379 Jennifer Graves SOCOM 05-005 Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:	Unmanned Autonomous Vehicle Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) Payload Interface Master Module, PIMM
Abstract:	The GECO Payload Interface Master Module Phase I development approach capitalizes on both our telecom and defense electronic design experiences to provide SOCOM with an optimal PIMM design. GECO's research trade studies will allow us to deliver the best performance that commercial technologies can support and our design engineering experience will insure the optimal solution is fielded in a package that is both rugged and supportable. This approach allows the insertion of the latest and most capable COTS technologies including WiMAX and cellular standards to support the need for a low cost line-of-sight high rate sensor data link. This approach also supports the beyond line-of-sight moderate rate video data link with the most advantages solution. GECO's experience includes system design and integration of video data links on UAVs and the integration of this data into a helicopter crew station. The integration of this data to the SOF user will be accomplished without risk due to our previous experience with designing and integrating video sensors and software into a classified system. Finally, our capabilities to manufacture hardware such as the Digital Video Adapter product will allow the PIMM to be easily integrated into any Mission Equipment Package the SOCOM customer specifies.

TRIDENT SYSTEMS, INC. 10201 Lee Highway, Suite 300 Fairfax, VA 22030
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 691-7794 Bonnie Edwards SOCOM 05-005 Awarded: 11OCT05
Title:	Unmanned Autonomous Vehicle Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) Payload Interface Master Module, PIMM
Abstract:	Special Operations Forces deployed to remote areas have a need for technically innovative UAV ISR data delivered in real-time via common secure data communication architectures. Despite recent technological advances, delivering still imagery, video and other sensor data down to the SOF team level over a single medium in near real-time is still not possible. Trident Systems proposes to build a small, lightweight, reliable yet rugged Payload Interface Master Module (PIMM) that would provide connectivity to UAV sensors, processing power to compress and output video, audio, meta-data and other sensor data in a single stream, and the ability to securely transmit this information over LOS or BLOS communications channels. This system would be composed of world-class COTS components, including a PXA270 based single board computer, a state-of-the-art mini-UAV data link from L3, and custom ground station software to permit SOF operators to command, control and cross-queue the UAV sensors. The proposed Phase I effort will focus on developing an accurate CONOPS description, capturing operational and functional requirements for the PIMM and developing a conceptual top level design. In addition, Trident will prototype key pieces of the PIMM architecture to mitigate risk and provide insight into the PIMM design.

VIPMOBILE, INC. 655 Montgomery Street, Suite 540 San Francisco, CA 94111
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(415) 837-3201 Gerard Pizarro SOCOM 05-005 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Unmanned Autonomous Vehicle Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) Payload Interface Master Module, PIMM
Abstract:	Significant advances have been made in sensor development, unmanned air platforms, and electronics system performance. However SOF tactical teams often do not receive near real time imagery intelligence and other sensor data relating to their area of operations. The objective of this project is to design and prove the feasibility of building a light weight, rugged, and low cost payload interface master module (PIMM) for use on a UAV. The PIMM will provide the ability to command, control, communicate, and cross-queue multiple ISR payloads onboard the UAV via commercial communications paths. The project will also include modification of a current SOF Ground Segment that can be used to control the sensor payload and receive the sensor data from the UAV. VIPMobile's proposed solution will include the use of high performance light weight computers running VIPMobile's custom software for image management and compression as well as bi-directional sensor control from the Ground Segment to the PIMM. The Ground Segment design will be influenced by VIPMobile's existing Enhanced Image Capture and Transfer (EICT) ruggedized handheld computer that was developed for SOCOM. Implementation of this project will allow state of the art UAV sensor data to be made fully available to SOF tactical teams.

NEW SPAN OPTO-TECHNOLOGY, INC. 9380 SW 72nd Street, B-180 Miami, FL 33173
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(305) 275-6998 Grace Wang SOCOM 05-006 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	OLED display packaging method for harsh military environment extremes
Abstract:	Organic light emitting diode (OLED) technology for improved panel displays (e.g. navigation, integrated bridge systems, etc.) is widely recognizing as the brighter, thinner, lighter, lower power, more water tight, less expensive, and faster than the active matrix liquid crystal display (AM-LCD). In order to realize OLED, significant advancements have to be made in display device efficiency and packaging technology to withstand the maritime environment extremes such as shock, vibration, salt, water, high and low temperatures. New Span Opto-technology Inc. proposes a novel white light emitting OLED display having partially conjugated poly(phenylenevinylene) (PPV) polymer and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) encapsulation system to endure the harsh environmental conditions. Our innovative packaging idea using PDMS encapsulation will overcome the harsh marine environmental barriers including shock, vibration, temperature extremes, and salt water and will be compatible with requirements for Night Vision Imaging System such as sunlight readable, low power consumption, and wide view angle. Total system weight and fabrication cost of this novel OLED display device would be dramatically reduced when compared to conventional AM-LCD displays or currently used hermetic sealed OLED displays. We will demonstrate a bright single-layer white OLED device and test its reliability to meet military standard environmental specification (MIL-STD-810D) requirements.

NSCRYPT, INC. 2721 Discovery Drive, Suite 400 Orlando, FL 32826
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 249-3683 Marva L. Sanders SOCOM 05-006 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Direct Write Electroluminescent Display for Combatant Craft
Abstract:	The proposed project focuses on a fabrication method for solid state high efficiency, bright electroluminescence (EL) displays for SOF Combatant Crafts using direct write technology. The direct write fabrication method is an elegant alternative to traditional fabrication methods for semiconductor devices such as vacuum deposition techniques, masking, high process temperatures, etc. The direct write EL display structures will be very simple, extremely lightweight, compact, versatile, and relatively inexpensive to produce in large quantities. This project will develop an efficient, reliable method of manufacturing of novel electroluminescence displays capable of stable, extended service and low power consumption under a wide range of environmental conditions.

PICO TECHNOLOGIES 2813 South Hiawassee Road, Suite 201 Orlando, FL 32835
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 291-2700 Kevin Munroe SOCOM 05-006 Awarded: 12DEC05
Title:	Flat Panel Displays for Harardous Naval Combat Environments
Abstract:	This proposes research and development of improved flat panel displays. The proposed high definition graphic displays are for use in computer applications of all kinds, including environments that place high performance demands on display panels and high stress on support structures. Performance attributes proposed include: thin, lightweight, low-power, wide viewing angle, bright colors, quick response, display-centric in a wide variety of sizes ranging from large computer displays to hand-held portable communication devices. Application environments are exemplified by those encountered by special operations forces during day and night combatant craft operations. Panel ruggedness, with tolerance for vibration and water immersion are operational requirements. Light emitting diode (LED) technology is proposed for these applications. Electricity is directly converted into visible light. Flat panel displays employ integrated thin film transistor back planes that control front plane LED subpixel elements. The high switching speed of subpixel electronics tightly control graphic images with millions of vibrant color shadings without smearing. LED technology has a long history of use in many commonplace consumer products with high reliability and the proven technology is poised to economically respond to many performance and ruggedization challenges that active matrix liquid crystal display technology currently used onboard SOF craft cannot meet.

EQUINOX CORP. 9 West 57th Street, Suite 1650 New York, NY 10019
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(212) 421-2999 Lawrence B. Wolff SOCOM 05-007 Awarded: 19DEC05
Title:	Identifying Individuals at a Distance via Thermal Imaging of the Face
Abstract:	This effort will develop dual intensified/thermal infrared algorithms and hardware technology to detect, identify and track human individuals.

OBJECTVIDEO 11600 Sunrise Valley Drive, Suite # 290 Reston, VA 20191
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 654-9314 Paul Brewer SOCOM 05-007 Awarded: 19DEC05
Title:	Identify and Track Important Assets
Abstract:	ObjectVideo proposes a video system to identify faces on non-cooperative subjects at a far distance. The system will be deployed hidden in hostile terrain to monitor people who travel through the camera's view, and it will report back to a central station only if it sees a known fugitive. The output will be a video clip of the person who just crossed the camera's field of view, and a database face shot of the likely match. The hardware will be light enough, small enough, and energy efficient enough to perform these tasks independently. There are three key technical challenges. (1) Acquisition - Development of suitable pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) algorithms so that the system can find a target's face over a long distance, and enhance it for better identification. (2) Identification - Improvement of current face recognition software to handle different angles and lighting so that it can match against a rudimentary watch list. (3) Design of the hardware that will enable all algorithms to run in an insubstantial form factor. ObjectVideo already has significant experience with computer vision-based automated video surveillance technologies and their application to real-world scenarios, including porting them to hardware.

SECURICS, INC. 2595 Rossmere Street Colorado Springs, CO 80919
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(719) 963-0573 Terrance E. Boult SOCOM 05-007 Awarded: 22DEC05
Title:	FIINDER: FPGA Intensified-Image Networked Detector w/ Embedded Recognition
Abstract:	The system goal is a network-enabled FPGA-enhanced system for self-contained low-power image-intensified recognition. The system will support reprogramming, through-the-network, of its real-time recognition, FPGA supported identification of many asset classes. This effort focuses on feasibility questions for remote face-recognition. Facial recognition at significant distances is non-trivial and often subtle. Securics' founder led the only major study of facial recognition beyond 30 meters. This project expands that research to improve basic understanding of the critical issues in long-distance identification, addresses a novel research approach to using intensified images for face-recognition and provides for the design of a low-power, lightweight, reprogrammable, embedded recognition system. This project will collect the first ever Intensified Imagery (II) face database, and benchmark multiple algorithms on visible, II and LWIR imagery. This will include cross-modality testing, where one modality is enrolled and another is used for recognition. This project will address other issues by extending Securics' patent pending theory predicting failure of biometric systems and improving them via perturbation enhancing recognition of non-cooperating subjects in long-distance surveillance-oriented biometric identification. The final objective is the core of the FIINDER system including embedded systems design and prototyping, analysis of algorithms suitability for FPGA implementation, power-budget analysis, and field-testing.

CHI SYSTEMS, INC. 1035 Virginia Drive, Suite 300 Fort Washington, PA 19034
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 542-1400 Phil Rollhauser SOCOM 05-008 Selected for Award
Title:	Advanced Tactical Handheld Extended Networked Sensor (ATHENS)
Abstract:	Technological improvements have provided our military with many tools that they can utilize in the field. These tools, while useful, tend to add to the already heavy burden carried by SOF forces into the field. They also increase the cube that each soldier must carry into the field. This necessitates the need for combining several systems into a single viable unit. In response to this opportunity, CHI Systems, Inc. proposes to develop the Advanced Tactical Handheld Extended Networked Sensor (ATHENS) radio system. The ATHENS radio system combines current transceiver, scanner, and networking technologies into a single lightweight package. This radio will provide normal transceiver functionality, with the added capabilities of a software driven scanner that will provide SIGINT threat warnings and share such threats over a secure network. The resulting Phase I products will include a breadboard solution, recommendations for developing additional capabilities for the radio, and a structured plan for further developing ATHENS technology during the Phase II effort.

DIGITAL RECEIVER TECHNOLOGY, INC. 20250 Century Blvd, Suite 300 Germantown, MD 20874
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 916-5554 Acie Vickers SOCOM 05-008 Awarded: 21DEC05
Title:	Advanced Tactical Threat Warning Radio
Abstract:	DRT will perform an investigation to identify a feasible design approach for a handheld threat warning and communications radio through the use of reconfigurable software radio techniques. Design aspects for the RF, digital, and power supply elements will undergo careful study in orer to identify customized integrated circuits that will minimize size, weight, and power consumpion. The aspects of mechanical design will be studied to find innovative ways for reliable and durable packaging of a mixed-signal product, as well as techniques for thermal management and ergonomic concerns. The system software architecture will be closely examined to identify the required functionality for both the requirements of processing needed for SIGINT radio operation, and the requirements for software radio architecture for use as a communications device. Finally, DRT plans to use the findings of this study to establish the development baseline if DRT is selected to receive the Phase II award.

Award information for topics SOCOM05-009, SOCOM05-010 and SOCOM05-011 is not yet available.

---------- OSD ----------

47 Phase I Selections from the 05.2 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

CFD RESEARCH CORP. 215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 726-4800 Dr. Guiren Wang OSD 05-H01 Awarded: 20DEC05
Title:	Novel Miniaturized, Electrothermal Activated, Optically Controlled, Highthroughput Noninvasive Drug Infusion Pump
Abstract:	Our objective is to develop a novel, compact, lightweight, and disposable Micropump for safe and precise delivery of pharmacological agents and drugs. The proposed technology will couple recently reported electrokinetic phenomena, electrothermal flow, with an inline flow sensor based on Laser-Induced Fluorescence Photobleaching Anemometry and a feedback controller for automatic, digital control of infusion flow rate. The safety of the system is ensured via precise flow rate control for a specific drug to minimize dosage error. The pump will be designed to provide flow rates in the range of 1-500 ml/hr. The program objectives will be accomplished via several innovations (a) MEMS/microfluidics based architecture, (b) plastic laminates-based fabrication (target cost < $10/piece), and (c) simulation-based design for optimal performance. During Phase I, we will demonstrate two critical components of the system, Micropump and flow sensor. Preliminary Design Review document based on detailed analysis of pumping requirements will be prepared. A design strategy for improved safety features will be developed. In Phase II, integrated system development will be the major focus, with comprehensive design of feedback controller, scale-up and system integration to meet DoD needs. A multidisciplinary team with proven expertise in biomicrosystems engineering, optics and microfabrication has been assembled. The research work will leverage on existing microfluidic product development projects.

PHOENIX ANALYSIS & DESIGN TECHNOLOGIES 7755 S. Research Dr., ASU Research Park, Suite # 1 Tempe, AZ 85284
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(480) 813-4884 Dr. Mark C. Johnson OSD 05-H01 Awarded: 20DEC05
Title:	Miniature disposable drug infusion pump with integrated flow meter and bubble detection
Abstract:	This project involves the development of a miniature, disposable, infusion system that includes a micropump, novel flow meter, bubble detection, programmability and drug identification, and wireless communications. The phase I effort will result in the development of 3 new technologies: a novel miniature pumping mechanism called a "Annular Valve Micropump", an integrated but independent flow measurement device called a "Balloon flow meter", and a system for detecting gas bubbles. All of these functions are provided from only two major assemblies that are largely made from molded elastomer. The pump valves are annular in design and molded directly into one of the main assemblies. Pump actuation is driven by a 3 Volt coin battery that powers a high-speed (~ 5 Hz) Nitinol actuator. The Balloon flow meter employs an elastomeric section that stretches as it receives fluid - thus pressurizing the receiving cavity. The pressure is measured from a calibrated embedded strain gauge. Bubble detection is provided by the integration of a hydrophilic filter.

PULSE ACTIVATED CELL SYSTEMS Medipacs, UA Science and Technology Park, 9040 Sou Tucson, AZ 85747
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 382-3264 Ms. Sonia Vohnout OSD 05-H01 Awarded: 20DEC05
Title:	Miniature disposable drug infusion pumps with improved safety features and embedded computer control
Abstract:	Medipacs, LLC requests SBIR funding to develop a small, lightweight, and disposable infusion pump that allows safe and programmable delivery of drugs under varying environmental conditions including combat. The infusion pump will be self-contained and designed to operate on military litters. The pump will use electroactive polymer actuators in a Pulse-Activated Cell (PACS) architecture, allowing significant savings in weight and cost while maintaining pump precision. With a target unit price under $20, the Medipacs pump will satisfy an unmet need in the miltary and civilian infusion pump markets.

SARCOS RESEARCH CORP. 360 Wakara Way Salt Lake City, UT 84108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(801) 581-0155 Dr. Tomasz J. Petelenz OSD 05-H01 Awarded: 20DEC05
Title:	Miniature disposable drug infusion pumps with improved safety features and embedded computer control
Abstract:	Sarcos Research Corporation proposes the development of a miniature, disposable, embedded computer-controlled IV infusion pump for administration of drugs during casualty treatment, stabilization and transport on the battlefield. The pump will be based on the Company's proprietary design concepts that enable pumps that are accurate, power efficient, small size, light weight, rugged, and can operate in closed-loop control, or in easy to program manual control mode, in battlefield, casualty transport, and hospital environments. The proposed disposable pump will be easily attachable to the wounded soldier during transport, or on the anesthesia / fluid delivery manifold of automated life support system (such as LSTAT). The pump will be equipped with enhanced safety and monitoring features for flow measurement and control, and with communication, data recording and remote control capabilities. The pump will be economical to manufacture and thus be disposable. Phase 1 will focus on the analysis of design alternatives, development of System Specifications, and feasibility demonstration of principal system components. Phase 2 will address prototyping, product design, testing and regulatory approval, and preproduction engineering development.

THERAFUSE, INC. 2453 Impala Drive Carlsbad, CA 92010
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 579-0880 Mr. Burton Sage OSD 05-H01 Awarded: 20DEC05
Title:	Miniature disposable drug infusion pumps with improved safety features and embedded computer control
Abstract:	86% of battlefield deaths occur within two hours of wounding. Large, heavy infusion pumps are unavailable to provide fluid replacement and IV medication when and where it is most needed, costing many of these lives. Medication errors take even more lives. TheraFuse has prototyped a miniature, solid state, optical flow sensor able to make measurements every millisecond at 3% accuracy. This sensor obviates the need for a precision pump and enables closed loop control of any miniature fluid propulsion technology, thereby creating a safe and accurate quarter sized disposable infusion system. Medication error reduction software available from our partner Baxter Healthcare would save additional lives. When coupled with the patient's vital signs, automated pump setup and control becomes feasible, driving the infusion to a pre-programmed therapeutic endpoint. In Phase I, TheraFuse will evaluate fluid propulsion methods to determine which combination of sensor and fluid propulsion technology best fills the military need. In Phase II prototypes will be constructed and tested using animals. TheraFuse's staff has over fifty years combined IV infusion experience. TheraFuse's expertise and technology can create the smallest, safest, most accurate and reliable disposable infusion system for military and civilian use.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Dr. James Garrett OSD 05-H02 Awarded: 29DEC05
Title:	Optically clear ballistic resistant polymer nanocomposites
Abstract:	The modern warfighter is equipped with the best personal protective equipment available today, but that is not enough. Thirteen percent of casualties in Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm were ophthalmic injuries and only 3% of those injured were wearing protective goggles. There is a real and immediate need for a lightweight, optically clear visor that will provide adequate protection to a soldier. To address this critical need, Luna Innovations proposes a visor made of an optically clear ballistic polymer nanocomposite to provide increased ballistic, abrasion, and chemical resistance, while reducing areal density. The benefits of the polymer nanocomposite are many. The one component system is easier to manufacture than a hard coating over a substrate. There are no delamination or incompatibility (refractive index, coefficient of expansion) issues as would be found in coating/substrate systems. Finally, the polymer nanocomposite is expected to have a uniform abbe number, which is crucial for optical accuracy through a curved face shield. The purpose of the proposed Phase I project is to demonstrate the feasibility of an optically clear ballistic polymer nanocomposite to increase performance while decreasing areal density. This phase will culminate in ballistics testing of sample panels in an effort to demonstrate NIJ Armor Type IIIA rating.

NEI CORP. Suite 102/103, 201 Circle Drive Piscataway, NJ 08854
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 868-1906 Dr. Amit Singhal OSD 05-H02 Awarded: 29DEC05
Title:	A novel approach to fabrication of polymer-based ballistic resistant materials with low areal density
Abstract:	Currently, adequate ballistic protection in optically transparent surface shields and transparent armor is provided either by thick sections of polymers, or by laminated sheets of polymer and glass. In both cases, the areal density is very high. For reasons explained in the proposal, efforts to date on the synthesis of transparent polymer nanocomposite materials, especially those based on polycarbonate, have met with limited success. However, nanocomposites do offer a solution because of the potential for improved mechanical properties (ballistic resistance, scratch and abrasion resistance, and chemical resistance) without compromising the optical clarity. We propose to build upon our current efforts in the area of polymer nanocomposite coatings and bulk materials to develop a novel approach to produce polymer-based ballistic resistant materials that have relatively low areal density. Thinner sections of the proposed material are expected to have the same ballistic performance as much thicker sections of the currently used materials, but exhibit superior abrasion and scratch resistance. The Phase I program will demonstrate the feasibility of synthesizing the materials to achieve the desired results. Relevant mechanical properties will be determined and compared to currently used materials. In addition, the microstructure of the materials will be characterized. A detailed comparison of the ballistic performance of the proposed materials with that of the state-of-the-art will be carried out in Phase II. Additionally, face shield panels will be fabricated and tested.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Dr. Michael Danilich OSD 05-H03 Awarded: 18JAN06
Title:	Thermosensitive Intracavitary Hemostatic Agent
Abstract:	Hemorrhage is the leading cause of death from battlefield trauma. Approximately 80% of hemorrhagic deaths on the battlefield are due to intracavitary hemorrhage that is not accessible to direct pressure. Noncompressible hemorrhage is also a primary cause of death in civilian trauma. Unfortunately, methods available to first responders to control hemorrhage are only useful for extremity or superficial truncal injuries and the only viable treatment for intracavitary hemorrhage is surgical intervention. Luna Innovations proposes to develop an intracavitary hemostatic agent from a thermosensitive sol-gel system that is liquid at room temperature, but gel at 37� C. This novel agent will allow easy delivery of a unique, low-viscosity, neutral pH solution that rapidly increases in viscosity and forms a biocompatible, bioadhesive, biodegradable and hemostatic physical gel within the body cavity. The gelling hemostatic agent will be administered by a delivery system that will provide sufficient tamponade to control capillary/venous bleeding and surface oozing, allow interaction of the agent with injured tissues in the vicinity of pooled and/or flowing blood, and provide an ability to gauge proper positioning and real time assessment of success. The stored and transported liquid hemostatic agent and delivery system will be stable, small, lightweight, low-cost and easy to use.

LIFEWAVE, INC. 311 Lincoln St Roseville, CA 95678
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(916) 781-6500 Mr. J. Paul Tupin, Jr OSD 05-H04 Awarded: 17JAN06
Title:	Use of Non-Invasive Methods to Determine Stroke Volume
Abstract:	The current methods for estimating stroke volume rely on respiratory gas analysis, bioimpedance, echocardiography, and catheter-based techniques and are impractical for the battlefield environment. Research into the medical use of Ultra-WideBand (UWB) has shown it is capable of non-invasive collection of a variety of medically significant data and holds promise as a means of estimating cardiac stroke volume. In Phase I, we will demonstrate both in theory and practice that Ultra-WideBand Medical Radar (UWBMR) can detect conditions within the heart that will lead to a determination of changes in stroke volume. We propose to employ a two stage research project to meet the program requirements. First, we will conduct a theoretical analysis of the problem using computer-generated FDTD models of the heart and surrounding thoracic region. The volume of the cardiac chambers will be varied and the effects on the reflected radar energies will be evaluated to determine the UWB device's ability to detect changes in stroke volume. Second, we will validate the results from the computer model with tests on porcine animal models with an UWBMR array and synthetic aperture radar algorithms. Furthermore, we will demonstrate the potential to package the instrument into a hand-held device.

NON-INVASIVE MONITORING SYSTEMS, INC. 1666 Kennedy Causeway, Suite 308 North Bay Village, FL 33141
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(305) 861-0075 Dr. Marvin A. Sackner OSD 05-H04 Awarded: 04JAN06
Title:	Use of Non-Invasive Methods to Determine Stroke Volume
Abstract:	Quantitative estimation of blood loss in wounded battlefield casualties must be promptly transmitted to medics for corrective actions. Yet heart rate and blood pressure measures are often inadequate, and the more accurate invasive measures of stroke volume as well as derived measures from the ventricular volume curve (obtained with echo-Doppler) cannot be employed logistically. Real-time, battlefield monitoring of such parameters can be achieved with a non-invasive inductive plethysmographic sensor (thoracocardiograph) and ECG. By fitting casualties with these easy-to-apply sensors (one non-constricting elastic band transversely around the chest near the xiphoid process and three ECG chest electrodes), wireless transmission of continuous hemodynamic data can be received on a small, handheld monitoring device with onboard signal processing software for waveform and numerical displays as well as an automatic alarm function when problems are detected. To further support casualty monitoring, these sensors can be easily integrated with others such as blood pressure, etc., all of which could be transmitted wirelessly to the same handheld display and monitoring device along with expert systems data reduction. These features could then be integrated into a more comprehensive, battery-powered physiological monitoring device worn by warfighters to gather and track both pre- and post-injury heath status data.

ADLYFE, INC. 9430 Key West Avenue, Suite 210 Rockville, MD 20850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 424-8344 Dr. Cindy S. Orser OSD 05-H05 Awarded: 21DEC05
Title:	Development of novel methods and reagents for surveillence of prion infection
Abstract:	Adlyfe Inc. has developed a highly sensitive fluorescence based test, called the Misfolded Protein Diagnostic (MPD) Assay, for the misfolded prion protein associated with infectivity. The femtomolar sensitivity of the test enables the presymptomatic detection in blood, which can be performed ante mortem in routine surveillance of live animals and in blood screening of the human blood supply. The MPD Assay does not rely on antibodies but mimics the folding activity of prions utilizing a target binding peptide. The amplification of the signal through nucleation of folding of other added binding peptides, allows for the extreme sensitivity of the detection method to be realized. This has been demonstrated in controlled in vitro biophysical studies, controlled models of disease in hamsters and mice, and in endemic disease with blood samples from scrapie sheep, BSE-infected cows and monkey and human sCJD. Current protocols and methodology have been geared toward laboratory bench execution of the MPD assay. Here, we propose to move this exciting new technology forward to a more robust integrated assay system that will ultimately encompass software for data analysis and reporting.

CHRONIX BIOMEDICAL CORP. 1735 N. First Street, Suite 309 San Jose, CA 95112
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 441-2071 Dr. Howard Urnovitz OSD 05-H05 Awarded: 01FEB06
Title:	Development of novel methods and reagents for prion infection
Abstract:	ucleic acid tests are becoming the diagnostic tools of choice for many rapid screening assays. Circulating Nucleic Acids (CNAs) can be defined as RNA and DNA detected in biological fluids devoid of cellular material. Previous data have clearly showed the diagnostic relevance of the appearance of specific CNAs in a number of chronic diseases. Chronix Biomedical was founded with the objective of developing Circulating Nucleic Acid (CNA) tests for the detection of disease-specific genetic material in serum and plasma from individuals with chronic illnesses. We have found that detected sequences tend to be derived from "repetitive" genomic sequences, and work performed in cattle has clearly indicated the diagnostic potential of this assay for diagnosis of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy in cattle (BSE). It is the purpose of this proposal to extend this technology to develop a rapid, CNA-based screening assay for Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease in human peripheral blood. To accomplish this task, we have partnered with the American Red Cross to obtain sufficient blood samples to appropriately define collection, storage, and analysis parameters necessary.

TDA RESEARCH, INC. 12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 940-2338 Dr. Shawn A. Sapp OSD 05-H05 Awarded: 06JAN06
Title:	Molecularly Imprinted, Conducting Polymer-Based Sensors for Infectious Prions
Abstract:	Since their identification in the early `80s, pathogenic and infectious proteins called prions have been linked to a number of degenerative neurological diseases in humans and animals. The diagnosis and tracking of these transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) is difficult because it can require testing of brain, spinal chord, or lymphatic tissues, often collected post-mortem. Testing requires costly and time consuming antibody-based assays that must be performed by highly trained personnel. TDA Research, Inc. proposes to develop low-cost sensors for infectious prions using molecularly imprinted, conducting polymer materials. This project will focus on the detection of chronic wasting disease (CWD) and will be performed in collaboration with the Wildlife Research Center of the Colorado Division of Wildlife.

BIOTRACES, INC. 13455 Sunrise Valley Drive, Suite 200 Herndon, VA 20171
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 793-0907 Dr. Andrzej K. Drukier OSD 05-H06 Awarded: 06JAN06
Title:	The use of proteomics for surrogate markers of prion infection
Abstract:	We propose new methods for discovery of TSE biomarkers based on combing the MultiPhoton Detection (MPD) technique with methods of proteomics, especially by applying MPD enhanced differential display of proteins (dd-PROT/MPD). This MPD enabled techniques, developed by the group of Dr. A. K. Drukier, enables more sensitive and less expensive tests for correlating the levels of low abundance protein ("molecular switch") with TSE infections. These differentially displayed proteins will then be validated as TSE biomarkers. The primary objective of Phase I of this proposal is to discover differentially displayed proteins associated with TSE. We will further develop methodology for the Multi Photon Detection (MPD)-enhanced differential display of proteins (dd-PROT/MPD) and apply it to determining proteomic differences in the CSF, brain tissue and blood of healthy and prion infected hamsters. Since the quantitative characterization by 2D-PAGE with the MPD Imager permits the display of proteins with about a 100-fold better sensitivity than current methods (spots with 50 zeptomole of protein can be detected), rare proteins that are expressed differentially in the disease state can be reliably identified. Hopefully, some of them will also be present in blood to allow ante mortem TSE diagnosis.

RURAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1008 32nd Ave Brookings, SD 57006
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(605) 692-6953 Dr. Christopher Mateo OSD 05-H06 Awarded: 04JAN06
Title:	The use of proteomics for surrogate markers of prion infection
Abstract:	Prion diseases are unique, in that their exceptionally long incubation period makes it difficult to diagnose prior to end-stage disease. While many diagnostic assays for infectious diseases rely upon detection of specific immunity, prion diseases apparently provoke no detectable immune response. Alternative tests must therefore be developed based upon concomitant changes in gene expression associated with disease progression. While a majority of pathogolical symptoms arise in the CNS, peripheral lymphoid tissues are an alternate site of prion proliferation. These peripehral lymphoid organs would be preferable sites for the analysis of protein expression differences associated with prion disease. The Canadian National Microbiology Laboratories have recently invested in a proteomics facility for the express purpose of analyzing transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. We have partnered with this facility, due to it's unique expertise and proximity to our facility in Brookings, South Dakota. Furthermore, we have arranged to acquire pathological blood and lymph samples from scrapie-infected sheep currently housed at South Dakota State University. Our researchers will then collect and analyze data obtained from these partnerships in order to target specific changes in protein expression associated with prion diseases.

INBIOS INTERNATIONAL 562 Ist Ave S, Suite 600 Seattle, WA 98104
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(206) 344-5821 Dr. Syamal Raychaudhuri OSD 05-H07 Awarded: 30JAN06
Title:	Development of a multiplexed point-of-care assay for the detection of infectious agents causing fever in deployed soldiers.
Abstract:	This objective of this study is to develop a robust, field-grade, screening assay for the detection of fever-causing pathogens including Plasmodium sp., Salmonella, Rickettsial sp., Flaviviruses and Leptospira. The test will utilize lateral flow (dipstick) chromatography incorporated into a unique, multiplex, cassette that enables the simultaneous screening of multiple analytes. The proposed immunochromatographic assay would be a very useful rapid screening test to assess individuals presenting with fevers of likely infectious etiology. In this Phase 1 study we shall evaluate the ability of a panel of antigens, derived from the families of pathogens listed above, to function as the basis of a serological detection system. We will then construct a prototype assay that will be evaluated against sera from individuals with confirmed infections. Further development of the assay would take place in a Phase 2 proposal.

PANBIO, INC. 9075A Guilford Road Columbia, MD 21046
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 381-8550 Dr. Barbara Hanson OSD 05-H07 Awarded: 27JAN06
Title:	Multiplex point-of-care assay to diagnose infectious diseases
Abstract:	A new technology in infectious disease diagnostics will be examined. The test platform will utilize Panbio's patented Oligo Rapid technology, a lateral flow cassette in which analyte binding is mediated through specifi-cally engineered oligonucleotides. The cassette strips themselves will be generic so that they can be readily adapted to a variety of analytes (antibodies and antigens) that are added at the time of the test. In Phase I of this project, a proof-of-principle will be established in the design of a rapid point-of-care diagnostic for detection of serum IgM antibodies to dengue virus. This will lead to further development in Phase II of the capacity to de-tect, in addition, IgG antibodies to dengue virus and circulating dengue virus antigen in serum or in whole blood, all in the same test. Phase I will involve optimization of (i) antigen; (ii) conjugation of antigen to colloidal gold detector; and (iii) conjugation of the capture antibody to the oligonucleotide. In addition, the assembled test will be evaluated as to its robustness, stability, manufacturability, clinical performance, and technical per-formance.

VECTOR TEST SYSTEMS, INC. 2033 Yellowthroat Place Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 390-0647 Ms. Priti Dave OSD 05-H07 Awarded: 02FEB06
Title:	Development of a multiplexed point-of-care assay for the detection of infectious agents causing fever in deployed soldiers.
Abstract:	VecTOR Test Systems, Inc. will develop the rapid assay for detection of infectious agents causing fever in deployed soldiers in the field. The proposed assays will be performed in a staggered step protocol: First would be to broadly detect the presence of any the main causative group of pathogens by identification of pathogen antigen or immunological/serological response to infection of Malaria, Flavivirus, Salmonella, Leptospira or the Rickettsial pathgens. Based on the results of this assay, a second assay will be performed to confirm and identify the species or type of causative agent from the group identified in the first step assay. The technology is based on the simple and reliable wicking immuno-chromatographic detection method by which sensitive test-strip based assays provide results in less than 30 minutes. The proposed assays will be stable at ambient storage conditions.

FAIRFIELD TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1200 G Street NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20005
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 277-7707 Mr. Kenneth Fried OSD 05-H08 Awarded: 22JAN06
Title:	Tool for Pharmacovigilance: for Infectious Disease, Combat Casuality Care and Biological Warfare and Chemical Defense Medications and Vaccines
Abstract:	Brief Description of Problem: Pharmacovigilance is a key area required for effective Force Health Protection. While good efforts have been made to address this problem, the traditional systems approaches used do not address underlying challenges such as data quality, unavailability and non-integration, and the expensive person-driven approaches to data mapping and integration inherent in traditional systems integration solutions. Innovations: FTI has successfully demonstrated that grid computing systems can be developed rapidly and fairly inexpensively, given the right toolset, experience, and "best practices". FTI's approach is innovative in that it: applies grid computing to the new application area of pharmacovigilance; employs an innovative open source software business model; and builds upon FTI's standards-based software development "best practices." Project Objectives: FTI's objective is to build a proof-of-concept prototype Advanced Pharmacovigilance Tool (APT) to address DoD's need for a "better, faster, cheaper" pharmacovigilance tool that is more robust, scalable, easier-to-use, more cost-effective, and contains data federation, warehouse, analysis and visualization capabilities. FTI will then refine this product for targeted marketing to government and commercial sectors. Technical Approach: FTI's working prototype will consist of the following components, built on open source/open architecture software: the Data Federation Module, the Data Warehouse Module, and the Data Analysis and Visualization Module. This product will be built on the foundation of the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Bioinformatics Grid (CaBIG) software product, designed to integrate data from multiple clinical trials, augmented by FTI's own grid computing software. FTI will validate prototype performance in a "real world" DoD clinical trials environment.

LOGOBOTS LLC 60 E 32nd Street, #204 Chicago, IL 60616
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(312) 328-0252 Mr. Rajeev Priyadarshi OSD 05-H08 Awarded: 30JAN06
Title:	A Standards-Based Tool for Pharmacovigilance
Abstract:	Clinical trial data is insufficient for drug safety purposes since not enough patients are covered. Hence the drug design process can be improved if post-marketed safety data can be used to augment data available from clinical trials. The FDA and WHO are some agencies that make such safety data available for pharmacovigilance purposes. The DOD aims to create a data warehouse that combines such public-domain post-marketed drug/vaccine safety data with pre-marketing clinical trial data. Data mining and other analytical tools will also be needed to discern patterns that can be used to aid drug safety procedures in the drug development process. The proposed work will adopt a standards-based approach to this task. There are a variety of relevant healthcare standards that need to be considered while crafting a solution. Such an approach will ensure that the developed software can interoperate with existing and emerging DOD medical research information systems.

ONTAR CORP. 9 Village Way North Andover, MA 01845
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-9622 Dr. John Schroeder OSD 05-H08 Awarded: 13JAN06
Title:	Tool for Pharmacovigilance: for Infectious Disease, Combat Casuality Care and Biological Warfare and Chemical Defense Medications and Vaccines
Abstract:	Ontar proposes to design and implement a pharmacovigilance system and analytic database to rapidly and accurately evaluate the safety of marketed and to-be-developed drugs, vaccines or other treatment agents from disparate pre- and post-marketing clinical data trials and other sources. This will include development of a data mining tool to detect both known and unknown safety signals in the FDA, WHO, CHCS, clinical trials and other databases; provide careful, innovative data preparation (code mapping, redundancy removal); develop advanced screening algorithms; implementation of user-friendly interfaces (including a web-based portal) and cognitive report displays. The system can form part of an active surveillance system to provide rapid and accurate safety signal evaluation, or can be used as a medical investigative product for both military and civilian (i.e. pharmaceutical and health industry) purposes.

PROSANOS CORP. 225 Market St, Suite 502 Harrisburg, PA 17101
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(717) 635-2124 Mr. Alan Hochberg OSD 05-H08 Awarded: 08DEC05
Title:	Flexible Pharmacovigilance System for Data Visualization and Signal Detection
Abstract:	The objective of this Phase I proposal is to lay the groundwork for the integration of specific novel drug-safety concepts into a tool for data analysis and visualization at DOD. The novel concepts include: 1) A flexible, probability-based model which assesses the signal strength of both rare and common adverse events without complex "shrinkage" algorithms; 2) A "pharmacovigilance map", which allows visual assessment of drug safety profiles; 3) A lattice-based visualization technique particularly suited to drug interactions (drug-drug, drug-vaccine, drug-demographic, drug-disease) which can help distinguish true drug interactions from "innocent bystander" effects; 4) An underlying data model for all three of the concepts above, which can accommodate drug safety data from clinical trials, spontaneous reporting systems, and patient-oriented databases such as electronic medical record systems.

ENERGID TECHNOLOGIES 124 Mount Auburn Street, Suite 200 North Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(888) 547-4100 Dr. John Hu OSD 05-H09 Awarded: 05JAN06
Title:	Regional Anesthesia Simulator for Training of Resident and Staff Pain Management Specialists
Abstract:	Engaged American troops suffering injuries to the extremities are best treated with regional anesthesia, which renders only a portion of the body, such as a limb, insensate. However, it is possible for long-lasting damage to occur when regional anesthesia is improperly applied, and a training system is needed that teaches anesthesiologist all aspects of regional anesthesia application. The system must be accurate, intuitive, and convenient. Energid Technologies is proposing just such a training system. It includes instructional content in a standard, configurable framework and immersive simulation of procedures to reinforce the instructional content. An anesthesiologist will practice in a virtual environment--with visual, tactile, and auditory feedback--and validation of the content will be supported by surgeons at Massachusetts General Hospital. Since the trainer needs to be accessible to all applicable medical personnel (wherever they might be stationed), it will be small and compact. To create the proposed system, Energid will leverage existing medical simulation technology being developed for the Army and will develop a novel portable MR-based (magneto-rheological) haptic device appropriate for regional anesthesia simulation. The device will provide high fidelity force feedback for needle insertion and injection, and will be particularly beneficial to battlefield regional anesthesia training.

TOUCH OF LIFE TECHNOLOGIES 12635 East Montview Boulevard, Suite 100 Aurora, CO 80010
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 724-0514 Dr. Karl D. Reinig OSD 05-H09 Awarded: 22DEC05
Title:	Regional Anesthesia Simulator for Training of Resident and Staff Pain Management Specialists
Abstract:	ToLTech will design a realistic and adaptive, virtual reality based simulator for practicing regional anesthesia skills on any part of the human body. The simulator will use haptic and graphic display to give the student the experience of feeling and seeing the interaction of each tool, including needles, with the virtual patient. The simulated patients will be derived from the Visible Human and will respond to both nerve stimulation and drug induced blockage in response to the position of the needle tip when either stimulation is applied or anesthesia injected. The simulator will be combined with a Mentor program that will guide and test the development of the student. This training tool can be used and reused in a learner-centered environment and utilized at the user's pace and time. A full curriculum for nearly all regional anesthesia procedures will be provided in the Phase II portion of this grant. Milestone demonstrations of the fidelity of the virtual anatomy and needle will be available during the Phase I portion of the grant. In addition, one full regional anesthesia lesson will be demonstrated by the Mentor program during the phase I.

VEREFI TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 246 S. Market Street Elizabethtown, PA 17022
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(717) 367-2724 Dr. Randy S. Haluck OSD 05-H09 Awarded: 10JAN06
Title:	Regional Anesthesia Simulator for Training of Resident and Staff Pain Management Specialists
Abstract:	Survivable trauma to the extremities has become an increasingly common occurrence in the battlefield with the use of improved body armor and improvised explosive devices by the enemy. These injuries require both prompt and longterm treatment. Regional anesthesia offers several advantages in these circumstances: immediate analgesia and postoperative pain control, prolonged sympathetic blockade that may increase regional blood flow to the injured tissue, and pre-emptive analgesia that minimizes the occurrence of phantom limb syndrome if the injured extremity subsequently require amputation. However, many anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists have only limited experience in regional anesthesia. At present the only methods for training in regional anesthesia or regional blocks for pain management are using a living human patient or lightly embalmed cadavers in a fresh tissue laboratory as no realistic workable simulators are available. We propose to develop a small footprint, hybrid simulator with active and passive hapticsusing advanced materials and novel,low-cost sensors. Our approach will permit low cost training in a variety of regional anesthetic techniques with nerve stimulation and ultrasound guidance to ensure maximum success. Our Phase I proposal has three objectives: 1. To develop a design document for a prototype regional anesthesia trainer; 2. Develop prototypes where appropriate to demonstrate technical feasibility; 3. Establish performance metrics and determine a method to validate the effectiveness of the simulator in training combat medics, EMTs, anesthesiologists, nurse anesthetists, and physicians in pain medicine.

YANTRIC, INC. 31 Cross Street West Newton, MA 02465
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 332-0539 Dr. Mandayam A. Srinivasan OSD 05-H09 Awarded: 20JAN06
Title:	Regional Anesthesia Simulator for Training of Anesthesia Care Providers
Abstract:	The sophistication of weapons and the advances in protective armor in recent years has resulted in a change in typical injuries in combat situations. More and more soldiers sustain and survive catastrophic injuries to their extremities. Regional anesthesia is highly valuable in this context, providing effective pain management during medical evacuation, surgery and post-operative care. However, regional anesthesia is not a consistent part of typical medical training programs today. The goal of this effort is to develop a virtual training system to provide widespread and mass-deployable training to military anesthesiologists. The training system will initially target the infraclavicular brachial plexus block, which is a highly effective block to manage pain in traumatic injury to an upper extremity in combat. This block also has widespread civilian appeal due to its effectiveness in supporting orthopedic surgery to the hand, wrist, elbow and distal arm. Our training system will be easily adaptable to simulate other nerve blocks as well. We believe this training system will substantially improve the quality and accessibility of training to field personnel and has widespread applicability in the commercial space.

DIGILORE, INC. 100 Techne Center Drive, Suite #125 Milford, OH 45150
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 989-0364 Dr. Thomas E. Burton OSD 05-H10 Awarded: 19JAN06
Title:	Mechanisms for Hands-Free Point of Care Data Entry in Combat Environments
Abstract:	Caregivers have a responsibility, in high stress of combat environments, to collect/report data that documents injury event, severity, care, and outcome. Gathering such data accurately and completely is critical to patient care. Accurate data is also needed to support operation/logistics planning, force modeling, casualty forecasting, training, and compliancy. The military and its research partners have already developed effective mobile tools such as Battlefield Medical Information System - Tactical (BMIST) for collecting data at the point of care, but so far the data input interfaces are incapable of reliably capturing critical patient encounter data in the harsh battlefield environments. This research will explore innovative cutting-edge technologies that will enable military care providers to access and enter patient encounter data in combat environments into a BMIST device using a hands- and eyes-free interface. The research will demonstrate how comprehension and context of verbal utterances in BMIST improves human-machine interactions. The utilized technologies will be robust enough to withstand the noise, vibration, and generally harsh environment of the battlefield. Other focus areas include an analysis of innovative technology alternatives for data collection and input at the point of care, creation of a preliminary architecture comprising the most promising approaches and assessment of its feasibility.

HANDHELD SPEECH LLC 18 Hillside Ave Amesbury, MA 01913
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 388-0396 Dr. Gregory Gadbois OSD 05-H10 Awarded: 10JAN06
Title:	Mechanisms for Hands-Free Point of Care Data Entry in Combat Environments
Abstract:	We propose to test a new approach to cope with background noise environments during speech recognition. In the process we will give the BMIST group a data point of how well their recognition problem is handled by our speech recognizer.

LI CREATIVE TECHNOLOGIES 30 A Vreeland Road, Suite 130 Florham Park, NJ 07932
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(973) 822-0048 Dr. Qi (Peter) Li OSD 05-H10 Awarded: 10JAN06
Title:	Mechanisms for Hands-Free Point of Care Data Entry in Combat Environments
Abstract:	A novel and promising solution for hands - and eyes-free voice interface for point-of-care data entry is proposed. The solution consists of the following major modules: a recently-developed noise-reduction microphone, a Bluetooth earphone, an automatic speech recognizer, a text-to-speech synthesizer, and a dialogue manager. To make the developed system useful in combat environments, we emphasize on noise robustness and user-friendly dialogue management. Our unique new research results and algorithms in noise and recognition robustness are applied; new development language and tools for dialogue management are used in the system integration. Every effort has been made to minimize the project risk and deliver a useful system in this project.

INFOSCITEX CORP. 303 Bear Hill Road Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 890-1338 Mr. Jeremiah Slade OSD 05-H11 Awarded: 31JAN06
Title:	Biomechanical & Physiological Monitoring of Amputees Using Neural Network Processing
Abstract:	In this program Infoscitex will develop a wearable electrotextile system that collects data from a suite of physiological and biomechanical sensors, pre-processes the signal and wirelessly transmits the data for further analysis and interpretation by a Neural Network (NN). This system will incorporate accelerometers, strategically located electromyography (EMG) sensors, and pressure pads in the soles of the feet. The use of a neural network to process the sensor data will allow information to be extracted that is not available to conventional regressive models. This will include information on biomechanical efficiency, gait disturbances, and energy expenditure (EE) due to static and dynamic exertion. While systems are currently available that provide some of this information none provide the complete picture, particularly when it comes to monitoring complex tasks. These systems are instead limited to monitoring simple lower body activities such as walking, running, or cycling. The proposed system will allow for the monitoring of these activities as well as more complex tasks such as those involving both the upper and lower body, static loads, and various sources of gait disturbance such as prosthetic devices. These revolutionary capabilities will allow medical personnel to monitor soldier amputees in the field during the performance of activities such as those covered in the Soldier's Manual of Common Tasks (SMCT) that are critical to their remaining on active duty.

TENXSYS, INC. 408 S. Eagle Road, Suite 201 Eagle, ID 83616
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(208) 938-8110 Ms. Layne Simmons OSD 05-H11 Awarded: 31JAN06
Title:	Advanced Biomechanical and Physiological Monitoring System for Amputees and Rehabilitating Personnel
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I project will develop a health and motion monitoring sensor and analysis system to support the return of military personnel with prosthetic devices to active duty. DoD is allowing increasing numbers of Soldiers with prosthetics to return to active duty if they are performance capable, minimizing the loss of their valuable core expertise to the services. There are significant challenges to monitoring physiological/biomechanical parameters of rehabilitating personnel in a non-laboratory environment and providing useful performance capability assessment data. This project will demonstrate that a small, non-intrusive sensor system can be developed using modifications and integration of existing TenXsys technologies that can provide real time and long-term data recording of human movement patterns and energy expenditure through motion and physiological monitoring. TenXsys, in conjunction with the Center for Orthopedic and Biomechanics Research will produce a field-capable Sensor Monitoring and Relay Transmission (SMART) system that will improve amputee monitoring, decreasing the likelihood of injuries due to overexertion and balance instability events. This effort will demonstrate the SMART system capabilities and its advanced capability potential for wireless operations and near-real time monitoring and analysis of physiological/biomechanical parameters by external monitors, such as PCs and cell phones.

ACTIVE SIGNAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 611Q N. Hammonds Ferry Rd. Linthicum, MD 21090
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 527-2031 Mr. John Sewell OSD 05-H12 Awarded: 04JAN06
Title:	Portable Pulmonary Injury Diagnostic Device
Abstract:	Pneumothorax is a serious and potentially fatal warfighter injury that is difficult to diagnose in the high noise environment of the battlefield. Diagnostic methods beyond percussion, ineffective in the presence of high ambient noise, include large systems unsuitable for the first responders, such as CT scan equipment. Therefore a system that is small, portable and accurate that can operate in these environments is required. Active Signal Technologies proposes to develop such a system based on its experience with non invasive brain pathology diagnostics and its successful development of a noise immune electronic stethoscope that has been tested in the presence of ~ 110 dBA UH60 noise. In Phase I we will model, design and build such a system and perform preliminary clinical tests in the R Adams Shock Cowley Shock Trauma Center to demonstrate its capability to assess the presence and extent of pneumothorax. The device will be PDA based, and be noise immune with a display that will be useful in high noise environments.

STETHOGRAPHICS, INC. 21 Wayside Road Westborough, MA 01581
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 983-4436 Dr. Raymond Murphy OSD 05-H12 Awarded: 04JAN06
Title:	Portable Pulmonary Injury Diagnostic Device
Abstract:	About 15% of combat injuries sustained during conventional land warfare involve thorax wounds. Many intrathoracic wounds cause pneumothorax (PTX). PTX is clinically defined as a collection of gas or air in the pleural space, the space that surrounds the lung. This loss of pleural integrity causes the lung to collapse, significantly impacting respiration. A relatively simple procedure of chest tube placement can correct PTX. First responders are trained to perform a chest tube placement procedure. However, PTX is difficult to diagnose on the battlefield. A non-invasive diagnostic tool available to first responders for detecting pneumothorax in the presence of high ambient noise would improve casualty treatment on the battlefield and during transport. This proposal will result in development of a handheld device for diagnosis of PTX based on percussion and auscultation. The device will be low cost and provide automated diagnostic information with an easy to understand display. Our data indicate that this device is feasible and that the development of a commercialized handheld PTX detector is possible within 1 to 2 years. Our company has considerable experience in clinical studies of lung sounds, including Pneumothorax. We also have established capabilities for developing medical devices and securing FDA approval.

TESSONICS, INC. 251 Merrill St., Suite 200, attn: Dr. Maev Birmingham, MI 48009
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(248) 576-1849 Dr. Roman Maev OSD 05-H12 Awarded: 04JAN06
Title:	Portable Pulmonary Injury Diagnostic Device
Abstract:	The technical objective of this proposal is to develop and test a novel technological concept that utilizes the principles of medical percussion and, further, to design, assemble and test a bench-top model of this diagnostic device. A theoretical model of a contact source for low frequency sound radiation will be developed and the acoustic frequency spectra of both the radiated and received signals will be numerically computed. The model will consider in detail the effective coupling that exists between the external oscillations generated by the low frequency sound source and the motion of the biological tissue at the point of contact. The acoustic impedance for different ratios of gas and liquid in the biological tissue will be calculated. Optimal frequency ranges, receiver sensitivities other such system parameters will be established. Several versions of actuators will be designed and tested. Different types of the signals (i.e. pulse, linear, frequency modulated, controlled noise) will be tested and compared. A few different receivers, such as pressure transducers, accelerometers and sensors, will be evaluated with respect to impedance measurements. An operating bench-top model of a diagnostic device will be built. A percussion sensor will be developed, calibrated and tested on lung-like tissues. As a PC will be used for data collection and processing, a multi-channel interface between the percussion device and the PC will be designed.

ANCO ENGINEERS, INC. 1965 A 33rd Street Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 443-7580 Dr. Paul Ibanez OSD 05-H13 Awarded: 04MAY06
Title:	Vertical Linear Accelerator for Dynamic Visual-Vestibular Acuity Health Status Evaluation and Desensitization Training
Abstract:	Military platforms expose personnel to extreme vertical vibrations. These vibrations can induce visual-vestibular disturbance or even permanent injury, resulting in spatial-disorientation-related mishaps or decreased performance due to motion-sickness. ANCO Engineers, Inc. proposes to investigate the feasibility of a human-rated, computer-controlled, innovative Vertical Linear Accelerator (VLA) with chair-mounted Visual Acuity Projection System (VAPS), to be used to assess visual acuity during vibration which simulates field conditions. A VAPS will be prototyped, hardened, and tested with an existing motion device. The effectiveness of the acuity-testing protocol in providing a more systematic and sensitive health status evaluation will be determined. There is evidence that repeated exposures to vertical linear motion, such as that which will be produced by the VLA being delineated in Phase I, can be used as a desensitization tool for a chronically motion-sick aircrew. A preliminary protocol for rehabilitation by desensitization will be evaluated. ANCO has provided vibration devices to the military and private industry for 34 years. The potential private-sector market for the VLA/VAPS is large; in the government sector, any DoD component deploying platforms which induce the visual-vestibular effect has a potential interest in this device.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Dr. Anthony J. Dietz OSD 05-H13 Awarded: 14APR06
Title:	Visual Vestibular Test Device for Screening and Desensitization Training
Abstract:	The maneuvers and vibrations of modern military vehicles result in accelerations that can affect the ability of operators and occupants to read platform-fixed displays. Reflexive interactions between the visual and vestibular systems and pathology that affects these reflexes can affect dynamic visual acuity, impairing the performance of vehicle and system operators, and risking mission success. The motion stimuli can also induce motion sickness in susceptible individuals, resulting in further performance impairment. There are no field devices for evaluating dynamic visual acuity during non-voluntary translational motion. We propose to develop a computer controlled Visual Vestibular Test Device (VVTD) that will enable dynamic visual acuity testing and motion sickness desensitization training to be routinely administered by technicians with minimal training. The feasibility of the proposed device will be demonstrated in Phase I, and the device will be fabricated, validated, and installed at a military base in Phase II. The results of a detailed test program using this device will then be used to develop a low-cost lightweight device that can be used in the field.

DYNAMIC STRUCTURES & MATERIALS, LLC 205 Williamson Square Franklin, TN 37064
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(615) 595-6665 Dr. JEFFREY S.N. PAINE OSD 05-H13 Awarded: 18APR06
Title:	Vertical Accelerator for Visual-Vestibular Acuity Testing and Training
Abstract:	Military personnel are often subjected to significant amounts of vertical acceleration while carrying out their duties. This acceleration can interfere with the person's ability to perform their required tasks due to the vestibular ocular reflexes caused by viewing a platform fixed display. Also, it has been shown in literature that repeated exposure to this type of motion can desensitize a person from these natural reflexes. The development of a vertical lift mechanism and training station that can provide an important test/measurement/training function is proposed to provide the basis of a tool for testing and desensitizing of military individuals. Proposed for the test station is a vertical linear stage directly driven via high force linear motor technology. The carriage of this stage will include a chair and restraint system as well as a projection device for displaying visual optotypes. The system will include a fail safe brake system and all necessary redundancies to ensure the safety of the human subject.

NEURO KINETICS, INC. 128 Gamma Drive Pittsburgh, PA 15238
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(412) 963-6649 Dr. Alexander Kiderman OSD 05-H13 Awarded: 01MAY06
Title:	Vertical Linear Accelerator for Dynamic Visual-Vestibular Acuity Health Status Evaluation and Desensitization Training
Abstract:	Military environments with high complexity and high levels of motion can cause motion sickness, decreasing operational performance. By integrating a motion simulator and visual acuity testing system, a screening and desensitization system can be realized. The proposed effort wil demonstrate the feasibility of such a system and provide direction for future development efforts.

SPACE HARDWARE OPTIMIZATION TECHNOLOGY, INC. 7200 Highway 150 Greenville, IN 47124
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(812) 923-9591 Mr. Tony Shulthise OSD 05-H13 Awarded: 09APR06
Title:	Vertical Linear Accelerator for Dynamic Visual-Vestibular Acuity Health Status Evaluation and Desensitization Training
Abstract:	Mitigating Spatial Disorientation (SD) events is of particular interest to the military due to the severe repercussions of such events during flight or in general task performance for certain non-flight activities. Researchers have determined that these events could be mitigated by screening aircrew and other critical staff for visual acuity problems using a vertical oscillating motion system. The SHOT Vertical Linear Accelerator (VLA) system utilizes cutting-edge technologies to provide a safe, human-rated motion system operated via a user-friendly interface and running any desired motion profile within the defined design constraints. SHOT's VLA system is packed with the latest technologies. SHOT's proposed solution utilizes linear motor and servo controller technologies to provide a scalable vertical oscillation capability that can achieve 12 feet or more of displacement with peak accelerations up to 1-g. SHOT's solution incorporates the latest in multi-zone safety alarm and restraint systems to ensure personnel safety. A high-resolution programmable optotype display is included for visual acuity testing and for use with motion sickness desensitization protocols. SHOT mastered these technologies as part of previous experience developing vestibular test equipment for university research. The SHOT VLA system is the next generation of advanced hardware for visual acuity and vestibular testing.

ARCHINOETICS, LLC 733 Bishop St., Suite 1820 Honolulu, HI 96813
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 221-2131 Dr. J. Hunter Downs III OSD 05-H14 Awarded: 29DEC05
Title:	MedNet: Consortium
Abstract:	An increasingly common military medical need is the need for in-the-field acquisition of symptomatology, differential diagnosis of diseases potentially previously unseen by the medical professional, and identification of symptoms to the population at large. This need suggests a combination of intelligent diagnostic decision aids and knowledge gathering agents overlaid onto a highly flexible physiologic sensor and advanced connectivity infrastructure accessible by cognitively overloaded or untrained users. This Phase I proposal describes work to research, design, and simulate a conceptual approach to creating the MedNet: a deployable network of medical intelligence gathering and diagnostic assistance in the field. The following specific technical objectives will be pursued in Phase I: (a) define technical requirements for MedNet (b) research and design framework and interfaces for creating MedNet; (c) construct MedNet Architecture Specification; (d) leverage existing work to demonstrate feasibility of approach; and (e) report on Phase I activities, results, conclusions, and recommendations for Phase II in final report.

CHI SYSTEMS, INC. 1035 Virginia Drive, Suite 300 Fort Washington, PA 19034
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 542-1400 Dr. Russell Maulitz OSD 05-H14 Awarded: 28DEC05
Title:	A Cognitive Agent Approach to MedNet Development
Abstract:	CHI Systems, Inc., proposes to develop a smart system to aid field medics and other front-line medical personal in diagnosing and treating combat (and non-combat) injuries. Called MedNet, this system also provides a database of specific cases that can supplement the information provided by MedNet's internal diagnostic and treatment-aiding algorithms, as well as tools for the medic to create new case-entries in the database and to share them in the local and global battlespace. Because prior research has shown that breadth-first exhaustive search diagnostic algorithms are difficult and time-consuming to use, the diagnostic algorithms in MedNet are more heuristic in nature, using a combination of tagged semantic networks and cognitive agent technology to capture and mimic the diagnostic and treatment reasoning processes of experts and make these available to the field medic. The heart of MedNet is cognitive agent software that manages, reasons about, and maintains a model of the patient's recovery process, and that communicates context-sensitive diagnostic and treatment information directly to the field medic. Phase I will produce both a complete MedNet design and a proof-of-concept prototype focusing on a specific scenario involving neck injury, which is an increasingly common problem in Operation Iraqi freedom.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5223 Dr. Margaret Lyell OSD 05-H14 Awarded: 12JAN06
Title:	A Small, Smart Medical System for the Soldier: the MedAgent System for Medical Diagnosis, Informatics and Treatment Support
Abstract:	We approach the development of MedNet from the perspective of modern intelligent systems design. In this project, the elements of modern small smart systems are designed to act in synergy to support a soldier's medical needs. In the design, small sensor devices on the soldier capture health status. Medical software support is hosted in a distributed manner, over a wireless connection, between the sensor devices and the PDA (which captures health status), and to a `ruggedized' laptop hosting medical databases and Grid Agents. Even though the MedNet system is `small', it provides multi-modal interfaces to medical personnel. Logical connectivity for the main elements of the system's software components is provided by software agent technology. Software agent system design is robust in the face of asynchronous communications, multiple activities, and de-centralized systems, and is well suited to interface with resources or external systems, such as TMIP. Software agent technology supports intelligence in the MedNet System; through the algorithmic structure of Grid Agents; in the agent-mediated knowledge store that is the medical cases database and its updates, in medical case retrieval and diagnosis support, in ontological support, and in how the agent-based user interface is designed and user requests agent- supported.

LOGOBOTS LLC 60 E 32nd Street, #204 Chicago, IL 60616
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(312) 328-0252 Mr. Rajeev Priyadarshi OSD 05-H14 Awarded: 29DEC05
Title:	Multi-Agent Multi-Modal Framework for MedNet
Abstract:	Combat medics are under stress due to various factors including time pressure. They are likely to err in making decisions when confronted with less familiar injuries. MedNet addresses this problems using three components: a multi-modal database to record present encounter as well as historical case studies, a tag to capture real-time measurements, and a multi-agent grid to provide decision support. With the recent rapid advances in mobile computing technologies, it is now feasible to quickly prototype an open system that can integrate with existing systems such as TMIP.

QUANTUM LEAP INNOVATIONS, INC. 3 Innovation Way, Suite 100 Newark, DE 19711
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(302) 894-8020 Dr. Donald Steiner OSD 05-H14 Awarded: 29DEC05
Title:	MedNet/AMAs - Adaptive Medical Agents for Medical Diagnosis and Treatment
Abstract:	Adaptive Medical Agents (AMAs, pronounced "amaze") provide robust, timely, decision support for emergency care providers in the field. These agents constantly monitor the physiological status of an at-risk population, anticipate requests for analyses and offer both probabilistic assessments and potential courses of treatment. Using a distributed, decentralized architecture, AMAs will exploit broadband communications where and when they are available, but will be capable of working autonomously, when conditions limit connections to outside resources. Development of the system architecture to support the AMA and to allow the maximum degree of flexibility, habitability, graceful degradation, and performance is the main challenge of Phase I of this proposal.

ACTIVE SIGNAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 611 N. Hammonds Ferry Rd Linthicum, MD 21090
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 527-2031 Mr. John Sewell OSD 05-H15 Awarded: 14NOV05
Title:	Smart Hemodynamic Monitoring System for Critical Care Air Transport Team (CCATT)
Abstract:	Aeromedical evacuation (AE) involves prolonged transport of injured warfighters at risk for clinical deterioration under austere medical conditions. Because of their injuries they have a high potential for progression of recognized and/or occult additional injuries leading to acute instability during Critical Care Air Transport Team (CCATT) transfer. While the CCATTs have a great depth of medical experience in aeromedical evacuation of critically injured warfighters, their care can benefit from additional direct hemodynamic and neurologic information to complement that obtained through normal medical monitoring, specifically Propaqs. Active Signal Technologies proposes to employ passive acoustics to track patient condition in this severe environment and provide alerts to the CCATT when a condition changes and the patient requires additional and immediate medical attention. Specifically, the system will build upon a hand held PDA based system now under test at the R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center to monitor both resuscitation status and brain perfusion. It will have the capability of hemodynamic stability and neurologic status monitoring and will use a data base of perfusion status signal analysis accumulated over a period of 8 years to help interpret the data gathered by the CCATT.

DEFENSE RESEARCH TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 3150 Adderley Court Silver Spring, MD 20906
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 871-2636 Dr. Tadeusz M. Drzewiecki OSD 05-H15 Awarded: 11NOV05
Title:	Smart Hemodynamic Monitoring System for Critical Care Air Transport Team (CCATT)
Abstract:	Defense Research Technologies, Inc. proposes to analyze, design, simulate, and evaluate the feasibility of a smart hemodynamic monitoring system for the Critical Care Air Transport Teams (CCATTs). Of particular interest is our ability 1) to non-invasively measure bulk density, viscosity, specific heat, and concentrations of CO2, O2, 2) to use these non-invasive measurements in calculating short and long term fluctuations in cardiac output and hemodynamic values over multiple hours in flight, and 3) to use decision tree analysis to provide continuous smart informed alerts and recommendations about hemodynamic stability (pre-and post-interventions). Our proposed integrated system consists of: 1) a microfluidic gas sensor-analyzer with breath-by-breath outputs of bulk gas properties from which individual species concentrations are calculated; 2) compensated spirometer flow measurements for density and viscosity; 3) calculation of pulmonary functions - respiratory quotient and metabolic; 3) hemodynamic sensors for cardiac and blood measurements; 4) single breath calculational process for cardiac output, mixed-venous and end-capillary CO2, O2 pressures, physiologic deadspace, alveolar ventilation rate, CO2 production, and O2 consumption; and 5) an intelligent decision tree analysis for recommending treatment options. We will design, model, and simulate a prototype of a low cost, continuous, safe, non-invasive hemodynamic monitor, which makes simultaneous measurements at 30Hz.

PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP. 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 368-6107 Mr. John Sevick OSD 05-H15 Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:	Smart Hemodynamic Monitoring System for Critical Care Air Transport Team (CCATT)
Abstract:	Development of a COTS-based, open architecture, ruggedized monitor for use as an "intelligent assistant" for the treating physician in aeromedical evacuation to assist with a critically ill but stabilized patient. The system utilizes direct feeds of hemodynamic data and manual entries of appropriate parameters, processes the information to determine hemodynamic stability and autonomic state, and give treatment suggestions to the team leader. The system design mitigates the adverse influences of the environment in military transport aircraft including ergonomically improved graphical interface, visual and audio alarms, and data interfaces.