DoD SBIR FY08.2 - SOLICITATION SELECTIONS w/ ABSTRACTS

DoD SBIR FY08.2 - SOLICITATION SELECTIONS w/ ABSTRACTS
Air Force - Army - Navy - OSD - DARPA - DTRA

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3 Phase I Selections from the 08.2 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 743-1110 David J. Cook AF 08-001 Awarded: 09/11/08
Title:	Step/Gap Meter for Composite Panel Assembly
Abstract:	The goal of the proposed effort is the development of a real-time step and gap sensor to be used for the assembly of fighter aircraft. This sensor will use time domain THz technology to generate a spatial image of the gap between the panels while simultaneously determining the ground plane step mismatch through a time-of-flight type measurement. This time-of-flight measurement will also determine the coating thickness, and step measurement will be corrected for coating thickness variations. In the Phase I effort, an existing real-time wet paint thickness sensor design will be modified for step and gap measurements and the utility of the proposed technology will be demonstrated at Lockheed-Martin, thereby achieving Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 5 before the completion of the Phase I effort. A second goal of the Phase I effort will be further advancement of the technical and manufacturing readiness levels of the sensor. A preliminary design of the Phase II prototype will be completed, and vendors for critical OEM components and assemblies will be identified. In the Phase II effort, PSI will team with Comau, Inc., a systems integrator. Comau will integrate the sensor into the ultimate tool used in the aircraft assembly facility.

PICOMETRIX LLC 2925 Boardwalk Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 864-5639 David Zimdars AF 08-001 Awarded: 08/21/08
Title:	Panel Step/Gap Mismatch Measurement
Abstract:	We propose to demonstrate the feasibility of a fiber optic coupled time-domain terahertz (TD-THz) instrument to measure the substrate step/gap mismatch dimensions of aircraft panel and doors after exterior coatings have been applied. Our concept instrument will be a hand-held, panel step/gap measurement sensor, to be developed in this project, which is coupled through a light weight umbilical to our commercial off-the shelf Picometrix TD-THz instrumentation control unit. The proposed instrument will be able to measure substrate step/gap dimensions through a variety of coating and paints. The TD-THz measurement process is suitable for both composite (conductive and non-conductive) and metallic substrates. The TD-THz instrumentation system can acquire measurements at up to 100 Hz, which allow the operator to rapidly scan panels and doors. TD-THz reflection non destructive evaluation imaging is like an electromagnetic analog to a laminographic ultrasound B-scan, but with several advantages: The TD-THz measurement is non-contact, requires no special preparation of the surface, can be used to determine the dimensions of small structures, and has micron (sub mil) resolution or better.

SYSTEMS & MATERIALS RESEARCH CORP. 1300 West Koenig LaneSuite 230 Austin, TX 78756
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 263-9822 Alan Bray AF 08-001 Awarded: 09/11/08
Title:	Panel Step/Gap Mismatch Measurement
Abstract:	Systems and Materials Research Corporation (SMRC) proposes the development of ChekMateT, a battery-operated, hand-held, automated inspection system for measuring door/land mismatch on stealth aircraft. Based on SMRC's patented microwave NDE (MNDE) technology, and on its alpha prototype microwave and laser-based gap/step system, ChekMate will obviate the need for the expensive and time-consuming iterative (assemble-inspect-disassemble-coat-reassemble-rein spect) procedure that is the current F-35 manufacturing baseline. MNDE is extremely effective in penetrating LO coatings, including boots, to profile substrate features. SMRC's Alpha prototype, now in test at Lockheed Martin, employs a microwave transceiver to gauge distance to the coated/booted substrate, a laser displacement device to measure distance to the outer mold line (OML), and linear optical encoder to correlate microwave/laser measurements to seam position. With pre-knowledge of seam type, target recognition algorithms select appropriate peak/null features and compute gap and step. While SMRC's alpha prototype gap/step system has performed well in some seam conditions, it has proven less accurate and repeatable in others (narrow gap/high step). Phase I focuses on sensor innovations and selected Alpha lessons-learned accuracy improvements. Project goals: Improve accuracy/repeatability under all seam conditions to accuracies better than 5 mils in gap and 3 mils step over the entire F-35 range.

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297 Phase I Selections from the 08.2 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

ADVANCED PROJECTS RESEARCH, INC. 1925 McKinley Avenue Suite B La Verne, CA 91750
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(909) 228-9950 Thomas H. Sobota ARMY 08-015 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Sensor Validation for Turboshaft Engine Torque Sensors
Abstract:	We propose a method that specifically addresses the requirement for helicopter engine torque sensor validation by integrating the engine component level model, model reduction techniques, and real-time parameter estimation algorithms. The method starts with a component level turboshaft model. Component degradations are considered. Model reduction techniques are proposed to construct a simplified engine model to design a health parameter estimator to estimate the evolution of health parameters using sensor measurements. Finally, the estimated health parameters and states of the engine are used to determine the engine torque. In collaboration with Honeywell, APRI has assembled a multidisciplinary team with all of the requisite experience to perform the proposed research.

IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 200 Canal View Blvd Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 424-1990 Carl S. Byington, P.E. ARMY 08-015 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Sensor Validation for Turboshaft Engine Torque Sensors
Abstract:	Impact Technologies LLC, with Honeywell Aerospace and Boeing as industry partners, proposes to develop and demonstrate innovative methods for validating and synthesizing torque sensor readings for the T55 engine. The development team will build off its proven success in previous T-55/Chinook-related programs as well as leverage Impact- developed signal synthesis modules and sensor validation techniques with the goal of prototyping a complete torque sensor validation and signal recovery module. The proposed module will increase torque measurement accuracy by utilizing data-driven modeling to estimate healthy signal values for fault identification and signal recovery, it will reduce the occurrence of unplanned torque system calibrations using statistics-based fault detection, and it will consider the contribution of electronics systems to faults using electronics prognostics and health management on the torque meter power supply and signal conditioning units. Software development best practices will be employed to capture and help implement requirements needed to fully realize a practical system for the T-55, and will evaluate limitations required for a future embedded solution on other relevant engine platforms. Finally, a laboratory demonstration of the developed module will facilitate technology readiness for a Phase II program.

ADVANCED ROTORCRAFT TECHNOLOGY, INC. 1330 Charleston Rd Mountain View, CA 94043
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 968-1464 Hossein Saberi ARMY 08-016 Awarded: 10/15/2008
Title:	High Performance Computing for Rotorcraft Structural Dynamics
Abstract:	This research is dedicated to developing methodology and software to significantly improve the computational efficiency of comprehensive rotorcraft analysis tools in support of aircraft design and engineering applications. The development will emphasize multi-level scalable parallel processing methods that are suited for modern rotorcraft structural dynamics analysis formulated using multi-body and finite element methodology. The research will also address the enhancement of the current rotorcraft structural dynamics modeling through the consideration of the 2-D/3-D finite element approach to improve rotorcraft structural dynamics modeling for modern advanced rotorcraft design and to better support CFD/CSD analysis. The parallel processing methods to be developed will address the rotor dynamics analysis employed either with 1-D nonlinear beam elements or with more sophisticated 2-D or 3-D finite elements. The proposed high performance computing methodology development will also accommodate concurrent rotorcraft analysis such as parameter sweep and design optimization to dramatically reduce the computational time. Phase I of this development focuses on the investigation of viable strategies for applying parallel computing in the framework of presently available comprehensive rotorcraft analysis codes. The Phase I efforts will focus on developing and testing the prototype of the parallel processing methodology in rotorcraft analysis codes including the model enhanced with 2-D/3-D finite element. Phase I will also demonstrate the high performance computing for the concurrent rotorcraft analysis tasks such as design sensitivity study.

CFD RESEARCH CORP. 215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 726-4837 Paul J. Dionne ARMY 08-016 Awarded: 10/9/2008
Title:	High Performance Computing for Rotorcraft Structural Dynamics
Abstract:	High fidelity computational analyses using solid-fluid interaction models are becoming an important aspect of rotorcraft analysis and design. The large size of these models (potentially millions of degrees of freedom) makes parallelization necessary for reasonable turn-around times. The fluid models, typically having significantly more degrees of freedom, scale well. The solid models, however, typically do not scale as well and thus can become a computational bottleneck for large and highly parallel analysis of coupled solid-fluid systems. In this SBIR, CFDRC will leverage ongoing research and development in the area of solid-fluid interaction to investigate and develop methods for optimal parallelization of a structural analysis code within a coupled fluid/solid framework. A mature existing solid mechanics computational solver with access to several different types of preconditioners and solvers will be used as the baseline. During Phase I, the capabilities of this solver for rotorcraft structural dynamic predictions will be demonstrated. Additionally, the performance of various preconditioner/solver combinations will be investigated and improvements for optimal performance for solver robustness and scalability will be identified. In Phase II, we will implement and demonstrate the identified improvements and incorporate this structural solver into the RCAS framework to allow large-scale parallel coupled solid/fluid interaction analyses.

ADVANCED ROTORCRAFT TECHNOLOGY, INC. 1330 Charleston Rd Mountain View, CA 94043
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 968-1464 Hossein Saberi ARMY 08-017 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Advanced Rotorcraft Comprehensive Analysis
Abstract:	The focus of this research is to develop an advanced rotorcraft comprehensive analysis tool that will significantly improve the accuracy of the performance, load, vibration, and aeroelastic stability predictions. The product is intended to support new aircraft design and engineering applications. The Rotorcraft Comprehensive Analysis System (RCAS) has been selected for the advancement of the rotorcraft analysis tool. The development will emphasize the improvement of a software environment that enables the easy integration of new functionalities and straightforward interface of external control system and CFD codes. The integration of new nonlinear unsteady dynamic stall airloads and the improvement of vortex wake models along with a multi-load path drivetrain system and a high fidelity turboshaft engine are considered. A graphical user interface (GUI) that will allow users to generate complex rotorcraft configurations, run scenarios, and provide standard output are also included. In Phase I, the functional requirement definition, the theoretical formulations, and the algorithms will be developed to pave the way for full implementation of all the new functionalities. The software infrastructure for the inclusion of new functionalities will be developed and tested. Selected functionalities will be prototyped.

Continuum Dynamics, Inc. 34 Lexington Avenue Ewing, NJ 08618
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 538-0444 Daniel A. Wachspress ARMY 08-017 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Advanced Aerodynamic Modules for Comprehensive Rotorcraft Analyses
Abstract:	Fast, accurate computational models of rotorcraft aerodynamics and dynamics are critical for analysis and design. The strong coupling between aerodynamics and dynamics characteristic of rotary-wing aircraft greatly complicates the task of comprehensive rotorcraft analyses aspiring to this goal. Over the past twenty-five years, the core focus of Continuum Dynamics, Inc., (CDI), has been to develop fast, accurate, robust aerodynamic models of rotorcraft for analysis and design. These models are currently in use by all major U.S. rotorcraft manufacturers as well as NASA and the DoD. In this SBIR effort, CDI will team with the Georgia Institute of Technology, (GIT), to integrate these sophisticated rotorcraft aerodynamic models into the U.S. Army�s Rotorcraft Comprehensive Analysis System, RCAS. An extensive series of calculations will be performed to demonstrate significant improvements of the new RCAS analysis, elevating RCAS to the state-of-the-art in both rotary-wing aerodynamics and dynamics modeling. In so doing, CDI and GIT will coordinate with industry and government researchers to develop an industry-standard format for coupling aerodynamic and dynamic modeling components applicable for both comprehensive rotorcraft analyses and coupled Computational Fluid Dynamics/Computational Structural Dynamics solutions.

NEW ENGLAND ANALYTICS, LLC 2 Trap Falls Rd Suite 204 Shelton, CT 06484
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(203) 926-2722 Naji Yakzan ARMY 08-018 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Light Weight Collective Pitch Control Systems for Swashplateless Rotors
Abstract:	Swashplateless rotor systems are being developed as a means of reducing weight, maintenance and in support of active rotor systems. These active rotor systems utilize some form of on-blade device to provide primary "cyclic" flight control. In order to achieve optimal performance however, such a system needs to be supplemented with a means of adjusting the average or "collective" pitch of the rotor blades while in flight. This proposal presents a conceptual approach to providing collective pitch control independent of an on-blade flight control system. The objective of this proposal is to develop a mechanical system that provides collective pitch control by means of an electrical actuator. The proposed system will be enclosed within the rotor hub and will provide collective control without the use of a swashplate and its associated external mechanical components. This system will be designed using an existing aircraft rotor hub as a baseline for comparison. The goals of this study are to define a robust system that provides the same capabilities as found in the baseline aircraft while achieving the technical objectives of reduced weight, drag and maintenance.

ORBITAL RESEARCH, INC. 4415 Euclid Avenue Suite 500 Cleveland, OH 44103
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(216) 649-0399 Matthew Birch ARMY 08-018 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Light Weight Collective Pitch Control Systems for Swashplateless Rotors
Abstract:	Orbital Research Inc proposes to design and optimize a light-weight swashplateless helicopter rotor collective control system. One enabling technology for swashplateless rotors utilizes on-blade controls to control the lift created by each rotor blade. However, a limitation of on-blade controls is that utilizing the individual blade lift authority for collective blade control diminishes the range available for cyclic blade control. A collective control system that primarily adjusts the root blade incidence angle gives increased lift without reducing the authority of the on-blade controls. To provide reduced complexity and weight Orbital Research proposes utilizing all-electric redundant harmonic drive actuators to drive a single mechanism capable of increasing the root blade incidence while maintaining integrated pathways for access to on-blade control mechanisms. Benefits of the harmonic drive actuators include: 1) No backlash, 2) high torque, and 3) simplicity. Because the harmonic drive actuators consist of DC motors and a low-volume, high-gear-ratio harmonic transmission, they are extremely reliable. This will result in a design with low mass, compact geometry, reduced complexity, easy maintenance and ballistic damage resistance.

MOSAIC ATM, INC. 801 Sycolin Road Suite 212 Leesburg, VA 20175
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(800) 405-8576 Stephen Pledgie ARMY 08-019 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Persistent Tactical Seeability Through Integrated Sensor Guidance
Abstract:	Gimbaled sensor technology and unmanned air vehicle (UAV) guidance systems have advanced to the point where sensor-guided UAV flight operations can become reality. Mosaic ATM proposes a unique predictor-corrector framework for achieving persistent tactical seeability, a measure that estimates the exploitation quality of imagery captured by a moving platform over rugged terrain. Our approach integrates a predictive mechanism for terrain-cognizant sensor/platform configuration with an online planning and guidance capability for maintaining reliable quality of service in the face of environmental and operational disturbances. We have teamed with Brigham Young University's MAGICC Lab to provide the Army with a complete solution featuring rapid sensor configuration and real-time corrective guidance.

TOYON RESEARCH CORP. 6800 Cortona Drive Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Gaemus E. Collins ARMY 08-019 Awarded: 10/20/2008
Title:	Sensor Guided Flight for Unmanned Air Vehicles
Abstract:	Sensor guided flight is an essential capability for utilizing UAVs more effectively in reconnaissance, surveillance and target acquisition (RSTA) missions. Sensor guided flight is envisioned as the ability for a UAV's sensing system, primarily an imaging system, to automatically request a platform position and attitude that maximizes its performance. It is the ability to monitor viewing conditions for a given RSTA task, assess whether the sensor system parameters and platform position and attitude most optimal for those viewing conditions, and, if not, compute and recommend preferred parameters and platform state for best quality imagery for those viewing conditions. This effort will develop the software and architecture that can deliver robust, reliable RSTA from UAVs. We will identify sensor system parameters that can be adjusted automatically during flight, develop techniques to initialize these parameters to an optimum default configuration, automatically monitor platform state to check if viewing obstacles interfere with the line of sight (LOS) to ground, automatically alter sensor system configuration parameters to regain LOS, and enable system transition from operator-managed flight planning to fully autonomous flight.

MIDE TECHNOLOGY CORP. 200 Boston Avenue Suite 1000 Medford, MA 02155
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 306-0609 Attila Lengyel ARMY 08-020 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Innovative Pitch Rod Actuators for Individual Blade Control
Abstract:	Current pitch rods are used to adjust the pitch on the main rotor blades. The collective pitch control is actuated through the swashplate to change the pitch of each blade all at once. There is no current method to individually change the pitch of only one blade individually in production, but there have been some research activities in this area. The technology proposed would remove the currently passive pitch rod and replace it with an active pitch rod that can adjust the main rotor pitch of each blade individually at relatively high bandwidths. Mid� proposes to develop a self contained actuation system for Individual Blade Control. Individual Blade Control (IBC) has been predicted to be effective in improving rotor performance. A well developed theory has been posed that a controlled oscillation of the rotor blades can improve overall rotor performance by improving the L/De, or effective lift to drag ratio. If the rotor blade system is more efficient, the rotor speed can be reduced while still generating sufficient lift. The rotor speed reduction would significantly reduce rotor noise, reduce vibration, and in general make for a more efficient aircraft.

IRW CONSULTING 2632E Calle Sin Ruido Tucson, AZ 85718
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(480) 234-0129 Ahmed Hassan ARMY 08-021 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Innovative Systems for Reduction of Rotorcraft Hub Drag
Abstract:	Recent applications of Active Flow Control (AFC) to fixed wing configurations demonstrated the efficacy of AFC in reducing drag. Substantial work was done using simple periodic actuation using zero-mass flux devices, however, novel devices that are light and have no moving parts but require compressed air became available and they have proven their effectiveness in some applications. The application of this knowledge to rotating systems such as the shank and a hub of a helicopter rotor represent the heart of the present proposal. In fact knowing the high drag of the rotor hub assembly led the PIs to acquire the experimental apparatus on which drag reduction schemes using AFC could be investigated. The facility is ready for initial tests and was awaiting sponsorship. The SBIR announcement provides such an opportunity. A generic three bladed rotor hub assembly was designed that can be rotated in a wind tunnel at free stream velocities ranging from 0 to 80miles/hour. The shanks are mounted on load cells that can measure their drag in addition to the overall drag of the assembly. The shanks are also equipped with actuators which should reduce the shank�s drag. Alternate actuation schemes may be investigated in the future.

PIASECKI AIRCRAFT CORP. 519 West Second Street P.O. Box 360 Essington, PA 19029
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 521-5700 Frederick W. Piasecki ARMY 08-021 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Innovative Systems for Reduction of Rotorcraft Hub Drag
Abstract:	This technology program investigates methods to reduce the aerodynamic drag of the helicopter rotor hub and blade shanks, including investigation of the hub/pylon relationship and its contribution to the flat plate drag of the hub. Examination of both active and passive technologies which can be applied is an integral part of the study effort. The H- 60 is selected as the baseline air vehicle for the study. A baseline weight and drag level will be established and a set of design criteria developed to ensure that the drag reduction approach will not compromise the basic mission capability and maintainability of the aircraft. A detailed geometric model of the hub and shank areas will be developed, and a multi-case CFD analysis of both the baseline and advanced hub designs will be conducted. A study matrix that cycles each design ap-proach through varying dynamic pressure levels, angles of attack, and separation points will be con-ducted, leading to the selection of alternative solutions for a final recommendation for the technology initiative to be pursued in Phase II. During the Option Phase, planning for Phase II full-scale fabrication and testing of the reconfigured hub will be conducted.

TECHNOLOGY IN BLACKSBURG, INC. 265 Industrial Drive Christiansburg, VA 24073
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 381-8502 Matthew Langford ARMY 08-021 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Flow-controlled Inflatable Fairings for Helicopter Hub Drag Reduction
Abstract:	Techsburg, Inc. proposes to perform experimental proof-of-concept testing of a flow- controlled inflatable fairing concept for helicopter hub/shaft drag reduction. The proposed system includes a rigid hub fairing coupled with an inflatable shaft fairing. Flow control jets emit from the shaft fairing and produce an aerodynamic seal between the hub and shaft fairings, utilizing the Coanda Effect to convert the jet momentum to aerodynamic lift on the hub fairing. During Phase I, a subscale helicopter fuselage model employing the proposed drag reduction technology will be testing in a continuous, subsonic wind tunnel with a 6 ft by 6 ft test section. The drag reduction due to the proposed system will be quantified in the wind tunnel tests, and the concept will be further optimized using both computational fluid dynamics and further experiments in Phase II.

ADVANCED DYNAMICS, INC. 1500 Bull Lea Road, Suite 203 Lexington, KY 40511
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(859) 699-0441 Patrick Hu ARMY 08-022 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	VABS Enabled Design Environment for Efficient High-Fidelity Composite Rotor Blade and Wing Section Design
Abstract:	This SBIR aims at developing a high-fidelity, yet efficient and easy-to-use, composite rotor blade and wing section design environment to facilitate rapid and confident aeromechanics assessment during conceptual design stages. A well-known technical barrier for composite rotor blade and wing section design is the lack of an efficient, user friendly, high-fidelity design tool to realistically represent the blade section at the conceptual level. This limitation prevents designers from accurately yet efficiently generating sectional properties, easily invoking comprehensive analyses, and rapidly and confidently predicting the stress distribution. As a result, aeromechanical analysis (e.g. for stability, loads, and vibration) is unfortunately left out of the conceptual design phase. In order to overcome this technical barrier and limitation, we propose to improve the functionalities of VABS (Variational Asymptotic Beam Section analysis), the best proven technology for realistic composite rotor blade analysis, and seamlessly integrate it with a versatile CAD environment, a robust optimizer, and a general-purpose postprocessor, all of which are specially tailored for blade and wing section design. We will create the initial capability in Phase I, leading to the full capability of a VABS enabled design environment for efficient high-fidelity composite rotor blade and wing section design in Phase II.

ADVATECH PACIFIC, INC. 1849 North Wabash Ave Redlands, CA 92374
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(900) 307-6218 Peter Rohl ARMY 08-022 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Composite Rotor Blade and Wing Structural Design Tool
Abstract:	Aeroelastic effects are significant design drivers in rotorcraft design. Typically, detailed structural information of the rotor blade necessary to determine its cross-sectional mass and stiffness properties is not available early on in the design process, especially for complex composite blades that are being employed in modern rotor systems. Therefore, high-fidelity aeroelastic analysis is usually not done until late in the rotorcraft design process, when changes to the design are difficult and costly to implement. Advatech Pacific proposes to address this shortcoming through the development of an integrated rotor blade design environment, where the blade cross sectional properties are calculated by the Variational Asymptotic Beam Sectional analysis code (VABS). This approach combines the comparatively low run times of a beam structural analysis desired for a preliminary-level design tool with the high fidelity rotor blade cross sectional information typically associated with a 3D finite element approach. Overall rotorcraft design and blade aeromechanical analysis is provided by the Rotorcraft Comprehensive Analysis System (RCAS). The original developer of VABS, Dr. Carlos Cesnik, is part of the Advatech Team, giving us a significant head start by bringing both his expertise and the latest version of the VABS code, UM/VABS, to the project. In addition, Mr. Robert Loftus, currently a Technical Fellow at the Boeing Company (formerly McDonnell Douglas Helicopters) and IPT Lead for the new composite main rotor blade design and development for the AH-64D Apache Attack Helicopter, will be providing practical blade design expertise. The proposed design environment will be flexible and modular, so that individual codes can be replaced without major software development effort, should that be desired in the future. The development will be incremental, with Phase I of the SBIR effort focusing on proving out the envisioned architecture.

TECHNOSOFT, INC. 11180 Reed Hartman Highway Cincinnati, OH 45242
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(513) 985-9877 Stephen Hill ARMY 08-022 Awarded: 10/20/2008
Title:	Practical Composite Rotor Blade and Wing Structural Design Tool for Aeromechanical Assessments in Conceptual Design
Abstract:	An integrated design and analysis environment supporting the engineering of rotorcraft blades and wings is proposed which will facilitate the assessment of rotorcraft aeromechanics issues at early design stages. The environment will employ a 3D feature- based design environment with an easy-to-use graphical interface that will allow rapid configuration of conceptual designs and automation of high-fidelity analysis models. It will support the parametric design of rotor blade and wing geometry using isotropic and composite materials. Rotor blade cross-section properties will be computed from the design geometry and material descriptions for automating the aeromechanical analyses. It will leverage current design and analyses tools that will be customized and enhanced to facilitate the rapid engineering of rotorcraft. The high-fidelity integrated analysis capabilities coupled to the easy-to-use interactive design environment will facilitate rapid assessment of rotorcraft configurations and leads to optimum configurations reducing engineering time and costs in progressing to the detailed design stages. Conceptual designs can be easily configured and high-fidelity analysis models can be automated to support trade studies and optimization of rotorcraft designs. The ability to integrate the design and multi-disciplinary analysis processes within an easy-to-use environment will provide key functionality to accelerate and improve future rotorcraft engineering.

DYNAMET TECHNOLOGY, INC. Eight A Street Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 272-5967 David Main ARMY 08-023 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Titanium Metal Matrix Composite Systems with Enhanced Elevated Temperature Properties for Advanced Turboshaft Engine Impeller Applications
Abstract:	This proposal addresses the need for high temperature titanium metal matrix composites (MMC) for advanced turboshaft engine impellers. Dynamet Technology�s particulate reinforced titanium MMCs have superior room and elevated temperature strength, are stiffer and have better creep resistance than conventional titanium alloys. New Ti MMC compositions based on a novel alloy matrix exhibit significantly improved room and elevated temperature properties and specific strengths (strength/weight). The objective of Phase 1 is to demonstrate that these new Ti MMC compositions can meet the demands placed on impellers from higher temperatures and pressures required for advanced turboshaft engines. In Phase 1 selected compositions will be produced and evaluated. The manufacturability of these materials will be demonstrated. The evaluation will include density determination, room and elevated temperature tensile testing, chemical and metallographic analyses. Program support will be provided by Honeywell Aerospace/Advanced Technology. During the Phase 1 Option, creep resistance testing of promising composition(s) will be conducted at the maximum design compressor exit temperature of these advanced engines. In Phase II materials and processes will be developed for the manufacture of impellers and tested for required properties such as; tensile properties, fatigue and creep resistance, fracture toughness and crack growth at room and elevated temperatures.

FMW COMPOSITE SYSTEMS, INC. 1200 W. Benedum Industrial Drive Bridgeport, WV 26330
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 904-4333 Seshacharyulu Tamirisakanda ARMY 08-023 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Reinforced High Temperature Titanium Metal Matrix Composite Systems For Impeller Applications In Advanced Army Turboshaft Engines
Abstract:	FMW Composite Systems, Inc., in collaboration with Honeywell Aerospace (Engine Manufacturer) proposes to develop a nano dispersion reinforced titanium metal matrix composite (TiMMC) system that can operate at higher temperatures for impeller applications in advanced Army turboshaft engines. After determining the goal operating temperatures and pressures that will be experienced in advanced turbine engines, a TiMMC system that can meet the property goals will be down-selected using design of experiments approach. Manufacturability of the selected system will be demonstrated using subscale article fabrication. Performance of the TiMMC system will be proved by conducting coupon testing at room and elevated temperatures.

QUESTEK INNOVATIONS LLC 1820 Ridge Avenue Evanston, IL 60201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 425-8232 Christopher P. Kern ARMY 08-024 Awarded: 10/9/2008
Title:	Main Rotor Weight Reduction and Performance Enhancement via the use of Carburized, High-Strength, Secondary Hardening Steel
Abstract:	Main rotor shafts, specifically those used on the CH-47, are among the largest, heaviest, and highly loaded single components on rotorcraft. As the materials technology used in these shafts are decades old, (carburized 9310) there exists an opportunity to redesign the component with state-of-the-art materials technology and reduce component weight 20-25%. Carburizing alloys available today may also provide benefits in thermal resistance, ballistic performance, and stress-corrosion cracking resistance; meaning a technology upgrade holds promise for both weight reduction and performance enhancement. QuesTek�s Materials by Design� technology has been used to design Ferrium� C61, which has a high-strength / high-toughness core to allow for weight reduction or increased power density of components compared to that of 9310. C61 is currently used to make V091 ring and pinions in transmissions for SCORE� 1600 class off-road racing cars. This alloy may represent a substantial weight-savings opportunity for the main rotor shaft on the CH-47 without requiring significant changes in the production process of the component. Other materials technologies using high strength steels may require weld zones, and titanium-based solutions would necessarily increase the design envelope and would likely not be backwards compatible with previous designs. A carburizing steel with high strength, load bearing capability offers the best solution for enhanced performance and lower weight at reasonable cost.

IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 200 Canal View Blvd Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 424-1990 Carl S. Byington, P.E. ARMY 08-025 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Lubricant Condition and Metal Analysis Sensor System (LUCAS)
Abstract:	Impact Technologies, in cooperation with GasTOPS Inc., proposes a miniaturized, integrated, on-line sensing solution for detection of lubricant quality, metal wear debris and debris elemental analysis. The multi-sensor device created in this program will serve as a direct replacement for legacy chip detectors currently employed to detect metal particles in aircraft lubrication systems. Key tasks of this Phase I effort include: 1) feasibility studies to enable technologies for on-line small scale wear metal elemental analysis; 2) miniaturization (MEMS) and adaptation of Impact�s broadband electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technology for lubricant quality monitoring; 3) conceptual design of a small-scale sensor for application to chip detector ports that integrates wear particle quantification and oil quality detection; and 4) Design and fabrication of macro level prototypes of each of the sensing technologies identified for inclusion. A prototype system will be created and the technology developed will be demonstrated to Army personnel and other stakeholders at the end of this Phase I program.

Advanced Ceramics Manufacturing 7800A South Nogales Highway Tucson, AZ 85706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 547-0861 Zachary Wing ARMY 08-026 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Advanced Manufacturing Methods for Composite Gearbox Housings for Rotorcraft
Abstract:	New composite manufacturing technology is urgently needed to improve rotocraft (and non-rotocraft) performance via further integration of composite materials. Recently, Advanced Ceramics Manufacturing (ACM) developed a system of water soluble composites tooling materials that has potential to advance the state composite manufacturing. A team comprised of Advanced Ceramics Manufacturing (ACM) and the University of Delaware integrating state of the art composite processes with ACM�s water soluble technology to produce composite structures with integrated fluid passages. The objective of this proposal is to adapt composite manufacturing processes and ACM�s water soluble tooling technology to produce integrated fluid passages in composite structures. The proposed methods and technology developed will yield a low cost manufacturing technology for producing complex rotocraft structures.

ILLINOISROCSTAR LLC P. O. Box 3001 Champaign, IL 61826
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(217) 355-1725 Mark D. Brandyberry ARMY 08-027 Awarded: 10/30/2008
Title:	Experimental and Computational Program for Slow and Fast Cookoff for Insensitive Munitions Testing
Abstract:	We propose a joint experimental and computational program to predict the behavior of heterogeneous energetic materials, specifically the properties and dynamics of their initiation, during slow and fast cookoff for insensitive munitions testing. The experimental effort will involve gram-scale fast and slow cookoff experiments in fully instrumented test cells, allowing for spatial and temporal resolution of critical dynamic variables. The modeling effort will focus on multiscale, multiphysics simulations using validated models on high-performance parallel computer platforms. Intermediate scale modeling is crucial to bridging the enormous gap between device-scale models that are often based on empirical modeling rather than first principles, and atomistic-scale models that take into account the underlying discrete nature of matter but are often difficult to relate to engineering-scale results. Our multiscale approach to modeling and simulation will explicitly address physical features and phenomena at the macro- (device), meso- (aggregate of crystals) and micro-scales (individual crystal) in an integrated manner.

ORBITAL TECHNOLOGIES CORP.(ORBITEC) Space Center, 1212 Fourier Drive Madison, WI 53717
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(608) 229-2732 Martin Chiaverini ARMY 08-027 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Slow and Fast Cook-Off Modeling
Abstract:	Orbital Technologies Corporation proposes to develop a model of both slow and fast cook-off events to help advance efforts to produce solid propellants that can meet insensitive munitions requirements. A standard test to predict the results of full scale SCO and FCO experiments will be developed. In Phase I, we will develop hypotheses to describe solid propellant response to slow and fast cook-off heating events for various propellant families. Experiments will be conducted and compared to the hypotheses for validation and refinement. A numerical simulation will be implemented, and plans developed for Phase II work.

NESCH, LLC 1105 W 163rd Ave Crown Point, IN 46307
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(219) 644-3505 Ivan Nesch ARMY 08-028 Awarded: 10/30/2008
Title:	Complementary Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE)/Testing (NDT) Techniques for Stockpile Reliability Programs (SRP) of U.S. Army Tactical Missile Systems
Abstract:	Nesch, LLC will evaluate an in-laboratory Diffraction Enhanced Imaging (DEI) and Multiple Image Radiography, here referred to as DEI, machine as a potential new non-destructive evaluation/testing technique for use by the U.S. Army. Unlike conventional x-radiography, which derives contrast only from a specimen's absorption effects, DEI derives contrast from all interactions of X-rays with a specimen (absorption, refraction, and scattering). From a single experiment, DEI can produce a set of images with higher contrast and resolution than conventional radiography. Consequently, DEI provides useful imaging contrast from materials, defects and embedded objects that have very slight differences in x-ray absorptivity. In this feasibility study, the ability of DEI to detect and measure the sizes of flaws, cracks, and inclusions in carbon based materials and to visualize and quantitate corrosion in an aluminum alloy will be investigated. This work will be extended during the Option Period to inspect specimens with more relevance to the U.S. Army. In Phase II the DEI machine's capabilities will be improved and at least one prototype will be delivered that can safely inspect Army tactical weapons systems and identify performance limiting defects without false positives.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Photonic Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Pl, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Volodymyr Romanov ARMY 08-028 Awarded: 12/3/2008
Title:	Compton Backscattering Focusing X-Ray System for Nondestructive Evaluation/Testing
Abstract:	To address the U.S. Army PEO Missiles and Space need for complementary Nondestructive Evaluation/Testing, (NDE)/(NDT), radiography techniques for the Stockpile Reliability Program of the U.S. Army tactical missile system, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new unique, affordable, portable, non-scanning Compton Backscattered Focusing X-ray NDE/NDT System (COFOX) for determining the dimensions, proper assembly, and flaws (voids/inclusions/cracks), corrosion, and other defects of tactical missile systems that consist of heterogeneous materials (explosives, adhesives, electronics, composites, plastics, etc). This proposed device is based on the POC�s innovative Lobster-Eye X-ray focusing lens and the registration of X-ray Compton backscattered photons to provide one-sided in situ NDE/NDT of the missile systems. The COFOX includes a portable X-ray source, Lobster-Eye lens, and an X-ray CCD camera, with a portable computer providing X-ray image processing integrated in a compact handheld housing. The COFOX system will provide NDE/NDT with a quality level better than 1/4�1/4T (0.25% density sensitivity and 0.25% thickness resolution). In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the COFOX system by using its prototype for the NDE/NDT of heterogeneous materials. In Phase II, POC plans to design, fabricate, and test a prototype of the commercial variant of the COFOX system.

STARFIRE INDUSTRIES, LLC 60 Hazelwood Drive Champaign, IL 61820
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(708) 955-6691 Brian E. Jurczyk ARMY 08-028 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Neutron Radiography for Complementary Non-Destructive Evaluation/Testing for Stockpile Reliability Programs of U.S. Army Tactical Missile Systems
Abstract:	Neutron Radiography (NR) is a non-destructive evaluation/non-destructive testing technique that is an ideal complement to current x-ray techniques because of differences in how neutrons interact with matter; providing superior contrast for imaging lightweight organic materials, especially adhesives, propellants, liners, and composite materials. Complimentary neutron-based imaging for energetic munitions has been demonstrated by Picatinny Arsenal/PEO Ammo; however, NR has traditionally been limited to a small number of locations around the world because of the relative difficulty of producing neutrons�typically requiring a nuclear reactor, accelerator facility, or significant quantities of radioactive material. Starfire Industries is developing an electronic neutron source that is compact, safe and highly efficient; enabling NR to be performed on-site at production facilities or material storage locations for NDE/NDT inspection. This Phase I SBIR project will demonstrate the applicability of the NR technique to meet the specific requirements of Redstone Arsenal/PEO Missiles and Space for tactical missile stockpile reliability�in particular simulating detector imaging sensitivity and defect resolution for materials of interest. Once feasibility is established and NR station requirements known, a preliminary system design based on the Starfire advanced neutron source can be evaluated for performance, safety and cost.

DR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 7740 Kenamar Court San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 587-4200 Matt Wrosch ARMY 08-029 Awarded: 12/4/2008
Title:	Sintered Polymeric Composites with Very High Transverse Thermal Conductivity (PDRT08-019)
Abstract:	Transverse thermal transfer characteristics of state-of-the-art carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) materials impose significant limitations on the efficacy of electronic assemblies mounted in composite structures. Material technologies for effective heat removal from an electronic device and into the CFRP body are needed. Specifically, techniques that significantly enhance the through-thickness thermal conductivity of CFRPs will allow for a localized heat source to be spread throughout a composite structure, where in-plane conductivity is quite good. DR Technologies is proposing the usage of novel sintering conductive resins to overcome thermal resistance at interlaminar interfaces, thereby dramatically enhancing the transverse thermal conductivity of carbon fiber reinforced polymeric composite laminates. These sintered resins have recently demonstrated effective thermal conductivity of 50 W/m-K, an order of magnitude improvement compared to thermally conductive epoxies. Although the proposed materials are processed and cured like conventional polymeric composites, their thermal characteristics are much closer to solders than polymers.

TRITON SYSTEMS, INC. 200 TURNPIKE ROAD CHELMSFORD, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-4200 Thomas Carroll ARMY 08-029 Awarded: 11/5/2008
Title:	Improving Through-Thickness Thermal Conductivity of Carbon/Epoxy Laminates(1001-280)
Abstract:	Triton Systems proposes to increase the through-thickness thermal conductivity of carbon/epoxy structural laminates by selective employment of high thermal conductivity fiber materials and a proven 3-D laminate architecture. Using this approach, it has been shown that through thickness thermal conductivity of structural carbon epoxy laminates can be increased so that the overall heat transfer capacity of the laminate is 95% that of the baseline aluminum structure. At the same time, the laminate retains 86% of its in-plane strain-to-failure. Triton�s Phase I approach ensures all materials and processes developed in this program will be compatible with current missile airframe manufacturing practices; including both hand lay-up / autoclave cure and filament winding processes. In order to successfully transition this technology to solve thermal management problems in composite missile airframe structures, Triton has assembled a strong team that complements Triton�s expertise in composite materials and processes with expertise in thermal management / testing and in-depth knowledge of the requirements of Army tactical missile systems.

NANO TERRA, INC. 790 Memorial Drive Suite 202 Cambridge, MA 02139
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 621-8500 David Coffey ARMY 08-030 Awarded: 11/4/2008
Title:	Using Nanowires to Improve Environmental Protection of Zinc Sulfide
Abstract:	Nano Terra and its subcontractor, Raytheon Missile Systems, proposes a radically different approach to create a coating for ZnS that strengthens the materials by the use of nanowires. By carefully ordering these layers, we will not only form a protective layer, but also form a graded index of refraction structure to reduce reflection. Each successive layer of nanowires will less dense than the previous layers, thus effectively decreasing the index of refraction with each layer, gradually reducing the index of refraction from that of the underlying ZnS to that of air. These nanowire layers should absorb some of the shock from small particles by dispersing the energy into the voids in the nanowire net and by preventing crack propagation across surfaces bridged by the nanowires. Nano Terra, along with its team-mate Raytheon, is qualified to lead this effort because their staff have experience fabricating and precisely placing nanowires for similar devices, and they are a world leader in nano-scale manufacturing.

SURMET CORP. 31 B Street Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 345-5777 Lee Goldman ARMY 08-030 Awarded: 10/30/2008
Title:	Improved Environmental protection for Zinc Sulfide
Abstract:	Multispectral ZnS windows provide excellent broadband transmission but suffer from susceptibility to damage from handling, sand erosion and rain impact. Surmet is proposing innovative technology to provide such protection while meeting the stated transmission requirements, >65% at 1.06 microns and >85% average transmission over 8 � 12 microns. Phase I work will include key fabrication and testing work to demonstrate effectiveness of our technology and ability to apply it to missile domes. Surmet will work with a missile systems� Prime Contractor to produce technology with near-term insertion potential. Phase II will optimize our technology and prove repeatability in optical and durability performance, and demonstrate performance, producibility and affordability.

TELAZTEC LLC 15 A Street Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 229-9905 Douglas S. Hobbs ARMY 08-030 Awarded: 10/23/2008
Title:	Enhanced Durability, High-Transmission, ZnS Windows Incorporating AR Microstructures
Abstract:	Many military systems utilize the material Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) for windows and domes because of its high transmission and low absorption of infrared light, combined with its relatively low cost. Multi-spectral, or clear ZnS (ClearTran) has a wide spectral transmission range that is particularly useful for multimode missile seekers such as the Joint Common Missile. One long-standing issue with ClearTran is its low environmental durability that necessitates the use of some form of hardening to protect the window or dome from damage due to rain and sand impacts. Typical hardening methods involve the application of thin-film material coatings that must also serve as an anti-reflection (AR) treatment. Such coatings however limit the transmission bandwidth forcing a tradeoff between the level of transmission required and the expected lifetime. As mission profiles become more demanding the further utility of ZnS will depend upon the continued evolution and development of hardening strategies to improve dome durability under increasingly adverse environmental conditions. In a recent experimental study, an innovative AR treatment based on surface relief microstructures was shown to have great potential for increasing the survivability of ZnS windows operating in abrasive environments. This Phase I project proposes to further investigate the durability of AR microstructures built in ClearTran windows that meet the wide bandwidth, high transmission performance requirements of multimode seekers. Multiple design variants that combine AR microstructure technology with hard oxide coatings will be fabricated in ZnS coupons and subjected to a set of rain and sand exposure conditions set by the Government. Six coupons of the most promising designs will be delivered to the Government for further erosion testing. In a Phase I Option program, a statistically meaningful number of coupons will be fabricated with the most durable AR microstructures found during the Phase I work, and further rain and sand erosion testing will be conducted. Also in the Phase I Option program, AR microstructures will be fabricated in a small-scale ClearTran lens surface to demonstrate the ability to apply AR microstructures to dome surfaces during a Phase II program. A close collaboration with the multimode seeker vendor Raytheon Missile Systems, will be maintained throughout the multi-phase program to ensure the rapid transition of the technology into Army systems.

COMBUSTION RESEARCH & FLOW TECHNOLOGY, INC. 6210 Keller's Church Road Pipersville, PA 18947
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 766-1520 Sanford M. Dash ARMY 08-032 Awarded: 11/4/2008
Title:	Advanced Scramjet Engine/Vehicle Design
Abstract:	This program entails designing a Mach 10, scramjet propelled missile system using advanced CFD and design-optimization tools. The CFD codes were validated using full- scale data sets obtained from tests performed in the LENS shock tunnel facility. They contain advanced turbulence and thermochemical models. A preliminary rocket boosted and scramjet propelled concept vehicle will be designed meeting Army requirements and constraints. The propulsive system design will use extensions of earlier concepts, including optimized inlet designs of Candler, and elliptical combustor designs of CRAFT Tech, containing optimized flush round/diamond injector patterns. Inlet/combustor/nozzle designs will be coupled (i.e. realistic inlet solutions are used at the combustor entrance, etc.), and, nose-to-tail CFD calculations will be performed to extract key performance parameters from the CFD for design evaluation. Formal optimization tools will be used to maximize on-design performance, and off-design performance (angle-of-attack, variable M) will be evaluated. The completed propulsive system design will be modified to improve aerodynamic performance (via modifying cross-section shapes, etc.) and additional lift will be obtained by aerodynamic extensions to the design. An optional task deals with the design and evaluation of start-up concepts which will be evaluated using transient CFD simulations.

COMBUSTION RESEARCH & FLOW TECHNOLOGY, INC. 6210 Keller's Church Road Pipersville, PA 18947
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 766-1520 Brian J. York ARMY 08-033 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	Transpiration Cooling Computational Fluid Dynamics Submodel
Abstract:	This proposal entails the development of specialized CFD models which can analyze transpiration cooling processes in complex high-speed environments. This is of significant importance to the Army since �well-designed� transpiration concepts are needed on missile systems that can provide reductions in both heat transfer and skin friction, resulting in improvements in overall performance. The program of work proposed involves a systematic �building-block� approach that will support the development and validation of transpiration models for problems of increasing complexity, using both RANS and LES methodology in complex environments. The environments to be considered in our Phase I effort will be limited to gas-phase transpiration problems, but will consider the effects of combustion as well as shock interactions, and will address flowfields such as those occurring in hypersonic scramjet combustion chambers. The overall objectives will encompass: gathering building-block data sets for systematic model validation; the extension of existing RANS transpiration models to include the effects of variable Prandtl and Schmidt number; the performance of both fundamental validation studies as well as parametric studies; and, the extension of the models and methodology to an LES framework (our optional task), including the performance of a unit problem demonstration calculation.

QORTEK, INC. 1965 Lycoming Creek Road Suite 205 Williamsport, PA 17701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(570) 322-2700 Gareth J. Knowles ARMY 08-034 Awarded: 11/12/2008
Title:	High Performance IC Implanted Energy Harvesting & Non-Accessible Energy Storage
Abstract:	The primary objective of this Phase I program will be to demonstrate a high efficiency IC Implanted Energy Extraction and Optimal Management Architecture using multithreat detect capable devices (both tamper and reverse engineering). We aim to show through engineering research, device modeling and hardware prototypes that this approach will enable maximal energy conversion capability while simultaneously enabling broad threat detection capability. The design inaccessibility to any adversary will reduce any risks associated with power interruptions or tampering. Being guided by an MDA prime contractor/end-use integrator of the technology will substantially focus the efforts and improve chances for successful integration of protective techniques/technologies into several key MDA missions that are ongoing. The results will be largely applicable to many forms and types of hardware AT device packaging and weapons platform electronics.

RADIANCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 350 Wynn Drive Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 320-0966 Joe Frederick ARMY 08-034 Awarded: 11/12/2008
Title:	Low Power Electronics and Energy Harvesting for Anti-tamper Applications
Abstract:	The proposed research will couple an energy harvester device with an energy storage device, to provide onboard power for anti-tamper sensors that operate unattended over extended periods of time. The proposed concept consists of arrays of micro-cantilever beams that are fabricated from piezoelectric material. The power produced from a grinding or scanning acoustic microscopy attack, or from environmental vibrational energy, can either power an AT sensor or trigger or be stored for later use. Our team proposes to design these arrays so they can be placed in an environment where they will sense vibration-based interrogation, or scavenge environmental vibrational energy that would otherwise go unused. Associated micro-circuitry will store and use this energy. This concept will provide micro to milliwatts of electrical power to operate AT sensors. There are many sources of acoustic and vibrational energy that can be harvested in order to provide power for chemical/biological sensors to give early warning of a terrorist attack, or they cn be placed in the high acoustic and vibration-rich environment of a propulsion system engine bay to monitor health-monitoring systems. The micro-beams are robust and long-lived, they require no user intervention, and they will provide an easy retrofit capability for legacy systems.

Applied Nanotech, Inc. 3006 Longhorn Blvd. Suite 107 Austin, TX 78758
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 339-5020 Jennifer Li ARMY 08-035 Awarded: 1/21/2009
Title:	Conductive Ink for High Resolution 3-D Printing
Abstract:	The Army is seeking a low-cost process for applying EMI grid patterns to the concave surface of a missile dome. Applied Nanotech, Inc. (ANI) is a leader in the development of metallic nano-inks for challenging application requirements; Optomec has developed a breakthrough multi-axis direct-write print head that generates an aerodynamically focused aerosol stream that can be used to print feature sizes down to 10 microns onto planar and non-planar substrates. ANI proposes to collaborate with Optomec in an SBIR program to develop a nano-scale conductive ink for high resolution 3-D printing with the aerosol jet technology. In Phase I, ANI and Optomec will conduct laboratory research and development culminating in a proof of concept demonstration of the grid application process by accurately printing the design pattern onto a flat surface of a substrate comprised of a candidate dome material and verifying a sheet resistance of the printed pattern of < 1 ohm per square.

SURMET CORP. 31 B Street Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(716) 875-4091 Thomas J. Mroz ARMY 08-035 Awarded: 11/17/2008
Title:	Conductive Grid Application to Hemispherical Optical Components
Abstract:	Transparent domes for multimode seeker technology are currently being developed. Part of that development involves the integration of a fine metal grid for EMI shielding. The shape of the parent dome and the specific requirements for the width and spacing of the grid lines significantly limit the available methods for fabrication. Photolithography has been successfully utilized to produce this grid, however, other processing options with greater flexibility, lower cost, and better manufacturability are sought. We propose herein to develop a direct write grid application method, suitable to achieve the electrical requirements of the application, as well as the down-stream processing routes currently under development. The proposed method will overcome prior issues by providing the opportunities of a wide conductor material choice, as well as variable line thickness capability. Our proposed efforts build on prior and current experience with photolithography, laser methods, and direct write methods that have been, or are being evaluated for this application. Gridded coupons and partial domes will be demonstrated in Phase I. A fully gridded 7� hemispherical dome will be produced by the end of the Phase I Option.

TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT & TRANSFER, INC. 133 Defense Highway, Suite 212 Annapolis, MD 21401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 987-8988 Todd Heil ARMY 08-035 Awarded: 11/20/2008
Title:	Vacuum-assisted MIMIC for EMI grid application on spinel domes
Abstract:	Soft lithography is an inexpensive and fast method for applying micropatterned structures to both flat and nonplanar substrates. A vacuum-assisted Micromolding in Capillaries (MIMIC) technique will be developed to print a fine electromagnetic interference (EMI) grid on the inner surface of transparent spinel domes. A photocurable silver filled resin will infiltrate an EMI grid channel patterned on the surface of an elastomeric stamp using vacuum-assisted MIMIC. After exposure to ultraviolet light, the silver resin will cure and then be subjected to furnace treatments to burn off the polymer and densify the silver grid. After densification, the EMI grid will have a low sheet resistance obtained by tailoring the thickness of the gridlines. It is anticipated that this process will significantly reduce the cost of EMI grid application on transparent spinel domes.

NANOHMICS, INC. 6201 East Oltorf St. Suite 400 Austin, TX 78741
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 389-9990 Donald E. Patterson ARMY 08-036 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Novel Energetic Polymers
Abstract:	Energetic polymers find use in a myriad of military and commercial applications. Among the most commonly used formulations are the nitrate esters, which have reasonably high energy densities. However, the inherent instability of nitrate esters requires formulations to include stabilizers. Unfortunately, under the harsh storage conditions frequently experienced by many military systems, the current stabilizers used in nitrate esters are consumed too quickly, and the propellants become prematurely unsafe. Regular monitoring of stabilizer concentration is necessary to ensure the safety of our troops. We propose to synthesize novel energetic polymers containing only the environmentally friendly elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. These new polymers will be flexible, non-crystalline, and robust with a high energy content and densities greater than 1.25 g/cm3. The polymers will also be fabricated to be insensitive to mechanical stimuli such as impact, friction, and electrostatic discharge.

Orbital Technologies Corporation (ORBITEC) Space Center, 1212 Fourier Drive Madison, WI 53717
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(608) 827-5000 Jeffrey Bottaro ARMY 08-036 Awarded: 2/5/2009
Title:	Novel Energetic Polymers
Abstract:	ORBITEC proposes to develop novel energetic polymers based on the 1,2,3-triazole linkage to replace conventional binders commonly used in solid propellants. The proposed polymers will enjoy higher enthalpy, higher density, greater tolerance for impurities while curing, desirable mechanical and processing properties, and greater range of compatibility with other propellant ingredients compared to the conventional binders, such as hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene. In Phase I, simple syntheses of prospective poly- azide and poly-acetylenic monomers will be designed to create a sufficiently large matrix of potential prospects for the most practical poly-azide and poly-acetylene starting monomers in the final polymerization to the polymeric triazole-based polymer. Synthesis scale-up and further physical property testing of the most attractive energetic polymer candidates can be performed in the Phase I Option period in preparation for testing in a motor. Physical properties and performance of the specific identified binders will be measured or determined using modeling approaches.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Ana Racoveanu ARMY 08-036 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	Novel Energetic Azido Polymer
Abstract:	Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI), and its team member Aerojet, propose to synthesize and evaluate a novel energetic azido polymer with high energy and low sensitivity and good density. The proposed prepolymer is a candidate that is expected to perform better (higher Isp, density, oxygen balance, and heat of formation) than the currently used energy-releasing prepolymers. The PSI-Aerojet team has developed a synthetic approach to produce the PGDNMA polymer in 2 stages: monomer synthesis followed by polymerization. PSI will investigate the physical and chemical properties of the novel azido polymer. Aerojet will test the PGDNMA polymer for its energetic and thermal properties. PSI will provide 10 grams of the azido polymer to the appropriate US Government Laboratory. On a potential Phase II program, PSI will scale up the synthesis, and deliver 1 pound of the PGDNMA polymer to the appropriate US Government Laboratory. Aerojet will formulate the polymer in a propellant mixture and provide enhanced properties characterization.

MATERIALS & ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH (MER) CORP. 7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 574-1980 Juan Sepulveda ARMY 08-037 Awarded: 11/17/2008
Title:	Low Cost Production of Transparent Spinel Domes Using Freeze Casting
Abstract:	This Phase I SBIR ARMY project proposes the development of 7� in diameter hemispherical spinel domes (3.5� radius, 0.18� wall thickness, 160 degree aperture) through the combination of freeze casting (FC) technology with unique nanopowder technology commercialized by MER for magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl2O4) ceramics. These technologies allow for the production of spinel domes with high green density, green near net shape, no residual stress, that result in less distortion in the final sintered dome. The novel process requires less secondary machining after sintering to produce high quality transparent domes at a lower cost when compared to cold isostatic pressing (CIP) technology.

SURMET CORP. 31 B Street Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(716) 875-4091 Thomas J. Mroz ARMY 08-037 Awarded: 11/17/2008
Title:	Low Cost Dome Fabrication
Abstract:	The current method for producing dome blanks for multimode optics involves spray drying powders, followed by isopressing around metal mandrels. Yield losses during spray drying, and excess material requirements in the pressing step represent a significant portion of the final part cost. Slurry casting processes represent an alternative to isopressing, and in the case of hemispherical domes, are particularly well suited. Both slip casting and gel casting provide the opportunity to prepare domes at near-net shape with minimal yield loss. The fine particle size of the current Spinel powders pose a particular difficulty in slip/gel casting. Issues related to poor dewatering, cracking and low green densities all affect the value of these processes. We propose herein to develop a freeze casting method suitable for producing hemispherical domes of suitable optical quality from spinel powders. Freeze casting has all the advantages of gel casting, but further includes opportunities for net shape fabrication of dense green ceramic components. The Phase I work will include demonstration of technology to produce relevant dome articles. Phase II will demonstrate repeatability and include cost-benefits and producibility studies. Surmet is already working closely with prime contractors to produce ALON and spinel domes and optical components for near-term missile systems. This will facilitate insertion of this technology rapidly at conclusion of Phase II effort.

TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT & TRANSFER, INC. 133 Defense Highway, Suite 212 Annapolis, MD 21401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 987-1656 Evans A. LaRoche ARMY 08-037 Awarded: 11/25/2008
Title:	Low Cost Production of Domes Using Freeze Casting
Abstract:	Multimode seekers for missiles require protective domes that are transparent over a range of wavelengths, including MWIR. Technology Assessment and Transfer, Inc. (TA&T) has successfully manufactured such protective domes from its transparent spinel ceramic material. The most common method of fabricating spinel dome green bodies consists of preparing the ceramic powder using conventional powder preparation techniques, filling a mold with powder, and using cold isostatic pressing (CIP) to form the green body at high pressure. This method is time consuming due to the handling of the powder and mold filling, and expensive due to the cost of CIP equipment, touch labor, and total cycle time. Casting or molding the domes has the potential to reduce the labor and equipment costs. TA&T proposes to develop a freeze casting process for manufacturing transparent spinel domes by first developing two high-solids casting slips � one based on water and the other using a non-aqueous vehicle. The second step will be to design and build a mold suitable for use over a wide range of temperatures. The third step will be to cast test specimens from both slips, sinter/HIP them and characterize the resulting spinel ceramic materials.

CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Ross Eaton ARMY 08-038 Awarded: 11/13/2008
Title:	Continuous Optical Mapping for Munitions Using Terrain Elevation and Reconstruction (COMMUTER)
Abstract:	Contemporary tactical missiles use Global Positioning Systems (GPS) as an economical means of self-localization and target location identification, but GPS signals are subject to jamming and intermittent unavailability. When a missile loses its ability to reliably self- locate, its strike capability is obviously compromised. Traditional methods have compensated by adding another navigation system, driven by fundamentally different sensors, such as an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a stellar navigation system, or TERCOM, but these are subject to an entirely new set of limitations (e.g. an IMU drifts over time, a star tracker is limited by ambient lighting and weather, and TERCOM uses active radar sensing, possibly alerting targets). In this proposal, we outline a system called Continuous Optical Mapping for Munitions Using Terrain Elevation and Reconstruction, or COMMUTER, that can estimate the geolocation and orientation of an air vehicle given an onboard library of shape-based landmark features derived from digital terrain elevation data and a real-time stream of images from an onboard camera. The system does not require GPS, active sensing, or any prior information about the expected flight path. We will assess system accuracy and robustness via evaluation and trade study examining camera, processing, and platform constraints.

OPTO-KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS, INC. 19805 Hamilton Ave Torrance, CA 90502
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 756-0520 Nahum Gat ARMY 08-038 Awarded: 11/17/2008
Title:	Autonomous Video-based Navigation for Airborne Platforms
Abstract:	OKSI's existing autonomous video-based navigation techniques will be upgraded to improve the extraction of platform attitude and altitude from the video imagery. This will be combined with motion vector extraction, which has already been developed, to produce full autonomous capabilities for low altitude high-speed platforms. Under Phase-I, a laboratory simulator and a synthetic data generator will be used initially to test the algorithm enhancements. OKSI's video navigation flight instrumentation package will be modified to provide a brassboard demonstration of the proposed configuration and will be flown on a manned platform to collect data for testing and demonstrating the proposed navigation enhancements. In Phase-II, real time processing will be incorporated for a full system demonstration. The OKSI technique fully relies on the video imagery for navigation and is only using landmark geospatial data (e.g., satellite imagery, DTED) periodically for position verification and updates.

SET ASSOC. CORP. 1005 N. Glebe Rd. Suite 400 Arlington, VA 22201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(240) 965-9964 Reuven Meth ARMY 08-038 Awarded: 12/30/2008
Title:	Vision Based Adjunct Navigation Technologies
Abstract:	Precise targeting of modern munitions systems depend critically on GPS/INS systems to provide precise navigation data for controlling flight. When GPS is denied, the drift associated with INS measurements quickly increase measurement errors beyond the point where they are no longer useful for navigation and flight control. SET Corporation proposes to design and implement a vision-based navigation system that enables extended precision navigation during periods of GPS denial. The system uses 2D georectified satellite imagery and 3D terrain information to provide sources of absolute correction for precise localization that are impervious to accumulated drift. Video imagery acquired from on-board sensors is automatically registered to database imagery via approaches that are robust to variations across sensor collections and sensor types enabling day/night operation, and are refined to provide accurate pixel-based feature correspondences. Precise localization is then performed based on a rigorous mathematical foundation of imaging geometry coupled with automated refinement that accurately determines sensor and feature positioning in the absence of GPS updates. Feasibility of the proposed approach will be demonstrated in Phase I via a design trade study which will drive system component selection. Phase II will focus on system prototype development to be demonstrated on a proxy helicopter platform.

DECISIVE ANALYTICS CORP. 1235 South Clark Street Suite 400 Arlington, VA 22202
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 895-4331 Dan Schrimpsher ARMY 08-039 Awarded: 11/18/2008
Title:	Bayesian Prognostic Failure Model for ASoSC2 using a model-of-models approach
Abstract:	We propose a �model-of-models� approach for building a Bayesian Prognostic Failure Model that will meet Army IAMD requirements for the ASoSC2. The model-of-models approach closely parallels the system-of-systems approach pursued by the Army for fielding its weapon, sensor, and C2 systems. It is highly modular and will allow warfighters in the field to easily reconfigure the prognostic tool when �plug and fight� hardware is reconfigured on the battlefield. Our approach models mission critical failures by capturing the (possibly many) way that individual component failures can contribute to a system failure. Our models will exploit component reliability data already available and provides an organized and mathematically principled approach to combining that data. Our team consists of staff who have already contributed to the development and testing of candidate components for the ASoSC2 system as well as mathematicians and computer scientist with extensive experience in Bayesian modeling and reasoning. In addition, Decisive Analytics has a long history of transitioning SBIR technologies to end- users and will work with the prime contractor to integrate the Bayesian Prognostic Failure Model into the deployed ASoSC2.

IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 200 Canal View Blvd Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 424-1990 Patrick Kalgren ARMY 08-039 Awarded: 10/29/2008
Title:	Integrated Air & Missile Defense Systems Prognostics & Health Management
Abstract:	Impact Technologies, LLC, along with our industry partners, proposes to develop a prognostic system framework and technologies implementing the state of the art in system prognostics and health management creating a truly prognostic enabled health management system answering the requirements for the Army�s newest Integrated Battle Command System. Principle objectives include: 1) Demonstrate the feasibility and utility of PHM approaches to IAMD systems and 2) Illustrate the systems engineering process to assess, prioritize, evaluate, and deploy capabilities designed to immediately impact the Army�s bottom line for operations and sustainment delivering truly useful capabilities to the soldier. The core effort of the Phase I program will focus on demonstrating the application of PHM technologies across interconnected systems and highlight the process and architecture, along with the verification and validation techniques required to measure success and guide a spiraled development and �PHM capability growth� for the fielded system. The program will include development of a proof-of-concept demonstration and creation of a PHM design guide for program managers and system developers is necessary to ensure a reasoned, methodical, and traceable process informs decisions through identification of the intersections of need, technology availability, and return on investment, essential to justifying PHM system design choices.

Ridgetop Group, Inc. 6595 North Oracle Road Suite 153B Tucson, AZ 85704
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 742-3300 Justin Judkins ARMY 08-039 Awarded: 12/3/2008
Title:	Prognostics for the Full, Net-Centric, Plug and Fight Integration of Army Air and Missile Defense Systems (AMD)
Abstract:	In order to help the Army add prognostic coverage to its IAMD platform, Ridgetop will apply its proven prognostic technologies to the IAMD systems. Given our experience with integrating prognostics into other electronic systems, Ridgetop will specifically investigate adding prognostics to the following frequently failing systems: (1) electrical motor actuators; (2) electrical cable interconnects; (3) radio frequency components. Ridgetop has existing prognostic technologies that apply to these types of electronic systems. Ridgetop�s RingDown� actuator prognostic has been successfully demonstrated to predict failures in critical electromechanical actuator systems. The Ridgetop SJ BIST� (Solder Joint Built-in Self-Test) prognostic technology has been successfully applied in automotive applications. Ridgetop has also, in the recent past, investigated prognostic technologies for radio frequency components. We will apply all three of these technologies to the IAMD platform to help the Army reach its goals for prognostic coverage. RingDown and SJ BIST will simply be an application of existing technologies to new platforms. Ridgetop�s radio frequency prognostics are at a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of 4, and this effort will advance them to a higher TRL and ready them for inclusion into Army systems. Ridgetop Group, Inc. is the leading expert in electronic prognostics, and the application of our technologies will help the Army reach its prognostic coverage goals.

ANALYTICAL SERVICES, INC. 350 Voyager Way Huntsville, AL 35806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 562-2191 Joe Sims ARMY 08-040 Awarded: 11/4/2008
Title:	Accurate and Reliable Rocket Thruster Technology
Abstract:	In this SBIR project, a preliminary design of a highly accurate, highly repeatable impulse thruster will be completed. ASI, together with ATK, proposes to complete the preliminary design in parallel with the development of a comprehensive thruster model in a Monte Carlo environment that will account for every contributor to repeatability in the final product. Using modern uncertainty analysis techniques, we will identify the top contributors to a lack of repeatability, taking the actual manufacturing processes into account, and devise process control limits to achieve the requirements for the thruster. Our thruster concept includes an innovative approach for IM compliance, by using a passively venting, two-piece motor case. We also propose to use a modern semiconductor bridge (SCB) initiator for motor ignition, which will help us achieve the ignition delay requirements in a compact package. In Phase II, we will continue to revise the Monte Carlo simulation for greater fidelity estimates and produce flight weight motors for performance and IM testing. Important innovations include (1) a passively venting motor case that will provide IM compliance without resorting to explosive cutters and (2) a comprehensive model that will account for both systematic and random sources of error in thruster performance.

EXQUADRUM, INC. 12130 Rancho Road Adelanto, CA 92301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 246-0279 Kevin E. Mahaffy ARMY 08-040 Awarded: 12/31/2008
Title:	Accurate and Reliable Rocket Thruster Technology
Abstract:	The proposed research project will develop an innovative approach to develop and demonstrate the technology required to produce a highly accurate, repeatable, and reliable thruster for divert and attitude control applications that also meets Insensitive Munitions Requirements. In order to reduce risk, the design draws on proven component technologies. The prototype thruster will have a nominal thrust of 6000 N with a total impulse of 90 N�s. In addition, the proposed design will be capable of performance level, growth to larger thruster values by a factor of four. The three sigma impulse repeatability will be 1%. The ignition delay will be no greater than 2.5 ms and have a 3 sigma repeatability within 5%. The action time will nominally be 15 ms and have a 3 sigma repeatability of 15% for the generic thruster. The feasibility of the proposed approach will be demonstrated in a series of hot fire tests during the Phase I research effort.

ADVANCED OPTICAL SYSTEMS, INC. 6767 Old Madison Pike Suite 410 Huntsville, AL 35806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 971-0036 Richard Hartman ARMY 08-041 Awarded: 11/20/2008
Title:	Cyclops
Abstract:	The Army needs smaller and cheaper precision weapon systems. Semi-Active Laser guidance (SAL), invented in the 1960�s at the Army Missile command, is a powerful approach to smart weapons. In the past, SAL seekers used quadrant detectors, narrow field-of-view optics, gimbals, and actuators. While very effective, they are expensive. Several programs are desperate for a low-cost solution. One driving tactical need for less expensive precision weapons is today�s asymmetric warfare � the need to hit more, softer targets while minimizing collateral damage means more, smaller precise weapons. Low-cost requires elimination of the mechanical gimbal, and therefore requires a wide field of view. The key to our solution is a ball lens that is inherently omni-directional, and thus the basis for an extremely wide field-of-view strap-down-seeker. Our solution involves a truncation that puts the detector into the correct plane for the desired field of view, Putting facets on the truncated surface allows us to use a narrower band filter to suppress sunlight.

APPLIED SCIENCE INNOVATIONS, INC. 185 Jordan Road Troy, NY 12180
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 833-6897 Mikhail Gutin ARMY 08-041 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Improved Field of Regard for Strap Down Semi Active Laser Seekers
Abstract:	To meet the need of the Army in a semi-active laser seeker with increased field of regard for and narrow instantaneous field of view, Applied Science Innovations, Inc. proposes development of the Wide-Angle Optical System for Strap-down Seeker (WAOS3 ). Semi- active strap-down seekers in tactical weapons offer improved reliability, reduced weight, and lower cost. However, combining wide field of regards with high angular discrimination is more difficult in strap-down seekers than in traditional gimbaled seekers, due to loss of signal to noise ratio. The proposed WAOS3 is based on an innovative optical system that allows for high resolution in the narrow IFOV such as 6 to 8 degrees, combined with lower-resolution guidance signals in the wide FOR such as 40 degrees or more. The unique benefits of the proposed solution provide an opportunity to solve the problem stated above, to create a new class of strap-down seeker optics with high- resolution, narrow IFOV and wide FOR required by the Army. Phase I will establish feasibility of the WAOS3 concept. In Phase II, a functional pre-production WAOS3 prototype will be developed and delivered to the Army for evaluation and use. In Phase III, WAOS3 design will be further optimized and transitioned to the Joint Attack Munitions Systems Program Office.

ARETE ASSOC. P.O. Box 2607 Winnetka, CA 91396
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(707) 546-8018 John Dennison ARMY 08-041 Awarded: 12/30/2008
Title:	Improved Field of Regard for Strap Down Semi Active Laser Seekers
Abstract:	Missile systems such as Hellfire provide outstanding lethality, but use traditional gimbaled seeker heads that are too expensive and heavy to meet increasing missile loadout requirements. The reduced weight and lower cost of Strapdown Semi-Active Laser seekers enable missile loadouts that provide greater stowed kill capabilities and/or time on station. Aret� Associates has developed a set of innovative concept designs that mitigate the performance limitations of a Strapdown seeker while maintaining all of its advantages. Aret� design concepts fit into the following taxonomical structure: 1) Scanning Seekers, 2) Beam Splitting to Two Sensors, and 3) Focal Plane Arrays of Detectors. The design concepts are then evaluated against: Reliability, Detector Sensitivity (detection range), Weight, Cost, Size, FOR Coverage Rate, Compatibility with Proportional Navigation Guidance Algorithms, and extensions of the Total FOR and IFOV beyond minimum threshold. Initial downselection is made in the technical proposal. A 40� total Field of Regard and an Instantaneous Field of View of 8� is set as a minimum threshold requirement for any design concept. The SBIR Phase I program feasibility study will identify the design concept that maximizes performance within size and cost constraints and recommend a positive Phase II approach.

GENERAL SCIENCES, INC. 205 Schoolhouse Road Souderton, PA 18964
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 723-8588 Peter D. Zavitsanos ARMY 08-042 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Novel Structural Reactive Materials
Abstract:	The U.S. Army, as well as other national military services, requires new and innovative energetic/reactive materials to produce next generation munitions. Munitions of today contain a high amount of inert material, usually steel, that serves as structural elements and fragment generation. General Sciences, Inc. (GSI) proposes to replace steel with reactive material that is capable of supporting a load, forming reactive fragments when the munition is detonated, produces temperatures in excess of 2000 K and has an exothermic energy output greater than 2000 cal/g. GSI has produced many reactive materials and currently has two candidates that are very likely to meet and exceed these goals. This approach is based on exploiting reactive materials (developed by GSI) which have shown a high degree of promise in meeting the Army�s goals.

MATSYS, INC. 504 Shaw Road Suite 215 Sterling, VA 20166
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 964-0400 Tony F Zahrah ARMY 08-042 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Novel High Density Structural Reactive Materials
Abstract:	Materials and Manufacturing Systems, Inc. (MATSYS) proposes to develop novel high density, high strength, and highly reactive materials for the enhancement of munitions lethality. This effort will combine our unique expertise in instrumented-Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) with new approaches in powder blend design to develop a new generation of cost-efficient, high strength and highly reactive materials. The proposed material system will have a blend of three elemental and compound powders. The powder blend will be consolidated to full density to maximize the mechanical properties, and below the reaction temperature to preserve the energy for release upon demand. The existence of three different powders will allow for tailoring of mechanical and reactive properties of the composite by varying the volume fraction of each element, and adjusting the particle size. MATSYS high temperature sensor for real-time monitoring of HIP combined with our consolidation models will enable rapid characterization of densification of powder mixtures, optimization of mixtures of interest, and insertion of this new class of materials. MATSYS will demonstrate the versatility of the approach by fabricating fully dense, high strength and highly reactive materials that will enhance the munitions lethality by releasing a large amount of exothermal heat upon target impact.

Physical Sciences Inc. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Prakash B. Joshi ARMY 08-042 Awarded: 2/2/2009
Title:	High Density, High Strength, Highly Energetic Structural Materials for Enhanced Lethality Army Munition
Abstract:	Physical Sciences Inc., in collaboration with ATK Space Systems, proposes to develop unique reactive structural material (RSM) concepts and processing techniques that will simultaneously realize high mass density (> 7 g/cm3), high energy density (> 2 kcal/g or 8.36 kJ/g), and superior mechanical properties (tensile/compressive strength > 50 ksi). Our technique allows the RSM composition and process parameters to be tailored for specific applications by proper choice of constituent materials. In Phase I, we will demonstrate the feasibility of formulating and processing the RSM, and measure their mechanical, energetic, sensitivity, and thermal stability properties. We will produce RSM flat panels in the Phase I baseline program and cylindrical tubes in the Phase I Option program. In Phase II, we will optimize and refine the RSM formulations and process parameters, produce prototype munition components, and conduct energy release and lethality testing. Upon successful technology demonstration, we will work with the Army and ATK to transition the technology into operational munition systems.

GENESIC SEMICONDUCTOR, INC. 43670 Trade Center Place Suite 155 Dulles, VA 20166
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 996-8200 Ranbir Singh ARMY 08-043 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Stackable, Fast Plasma Spreading (FPS) SiC Thyristor Modules with Soldered Contacts
Abstract:	The development of a novel high performance power module based on fast, ultra high voltage Thyristor-based SiC switch is proposed. Innovations proposed include: (a) development of a new type of Silicon Carbide Thyristor structure optimized for high pulsed currents; (b) Wire bond-less packages with extremely low parasitic inductance; (c) methods of series-parallel connection of large number of >15kV modules, that are relevant towards pulsed power and electric utility applications. Novel methods to use the proposed devices in pulse modulators are proposed. Relevant SiC fabrication experiments will be conducted in a semiconductor foundry to fabricate ultra high voltage SiC devices. Extensive test and reliability plan will be developed for evaluating devices for high pulse currents as well as trigger circuits. Power modules will be designed to have low parasitic inductance, high voltage stand-off capability and low thermal impedance. Finally, optimized bipolar devices will be fabricated and packaged in a power module optimized for a scalable design that can achieve up to 140 kV, 50 kA pulsed capability.

OPTISWITCH TECHNOLOGY CORP. 6355 Nancy Ridge Drive San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 452-8787 David Giorgi ARMY 08-043 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	High Voltage, High Current, Solid State Switches
Abstract:	This topic examines current state-of-the-art in solid state switches and develops a design that goes beyond today's capabilities. The Extreme Break-Over Diode (SBOD) switch represents enabling technology for defense applications requiring compact size and weight, long lifetime, fast turn on, fast turn off time, and high-efficiency triggering. OptiSwitch demonstrated experimentally, its first-generation Extreme Break Over Diode (XBOD). The XBOD fast turn on is achieved using low energy displacement current excited by a capacitively coupled high voltage pulse. The Silicon XBOD design will be improved for speed using electron irradiation and epitaxial fabrication techniques. An XBOD design using Silicon Carbide will be created and is expected to be the ultimate solution in pulse power switching.

ARES, INC. 818 Front Street Lake Erie Business Park Port Clinton, OH 43452
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(419) 635-2175 Russell E. Sweitzer III ARMY 08-044 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Innovative Tantalum Machining for Weapon Applications
Abstract:	Gun barrel bores have been traditionally plated with chromium to reduce erosion and increase service life. However, the chrome electro deposition process generates hazardous waste and the DoD has been moving to eliminating its use. Liners made from Tantalum – tungsten (Ta-W) alloys have been shown to be an acceptable substitute. These alloys have a high melting temperature, are more erosion resistant then chromium, and will increase the service life of gun barrels. Conventional rifling cutters and manufacturing techniques used to date have not been able to consistently produce parts within acceptable drawing tolerances or without degradation to the integrity of the cladded surface. Additional investigation into the machining characteristics of the Ta-W alloy and development of manufacturing tooling and techniques will yield the correct parameters to successfully and repeatedly rifle cladded barrel bores.

MATERIALS & ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH (MER) CORP. 7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 574-1980 James C. Withers ARMY 08-044 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	An Innovative Machining Process to Rifle Titanium Alloy Line Gun Barrels
Abstract:	Tantalum alloy lined gun barrels offer significant promise over chromium lined barrels as well as the chromium lining process has been restricted for environmental reasons. However, tantalum�s inherent properties have presented a significant challenge to machine rifling in a tantalum lined barrel. An established cost effective machining process has demonstrated straight aligned rifles can be machined into Ta-10W. This program proposes to set-up synchronized motions to adapt this demonstrated Ta-10W machining process to produce rifling profiles that meets the 25 mm Bushmaster barrel specifications. Because high contact forces are not required, rifling profiling will initially be demonstrated in commercially available Ta-10W tubes followed by rifling explosively bonded Ta-10W clad truncated 12 inch barrel sections and delivery of such barrel sections to the Army. The cost effectiveness of this machining process to rifle production length barrels will be demonstrated.

American GNC Corporation 888 Easy Street Simi Valley, CA 93065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 582-0582 Ching-Fang Lin ARMY 08-045 Awarded: 10/30/2008
Title:	Multi-Agent Automatic Target and Threat Alert and Cueing System (MAATTACS)
Abstract:	The US ARMY is seeking Unmanned Systems (UMS) with increased levels of automation, coordination, improved human machine interface and communication networks that enable collaborative engagements across multiple UMS platforms capable of automated and collaborative search and target engagement while providing alerts and alarms based on a distributed intelligent sensor network and with a high fidelity visualization toolset for enhanced situational awareness, providing a common operational picture. We are pleased to propose the Multi-agent Automatic Target, Threat Alert and Cueing System (MATTACS). The MATTACS leverages the Coremicro 4D GIS system with mission planning toolsets and a 3D virtual global GIS based visualization engine and AGNC robotic platform targeting functionalities. MATTACS also deploys a novel distributed multi-agent multi-target tracking fusion algorithm at each agent node. The objective of this project is to enhance the current Robotic platforms functionalities and specifically to increase its autonomy for collaborative target detection, tracking and engagement. At the end of Phase I, a prototype system demonstration based on multiple mission threads will be conducted.

KUTTA CONSULTING, INC. 2075 W Pinnacle Peak Rd Ste 102 Phoenix, AZ 85027
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(602) 896-1976 Douglas V. Limbaugh ARMY 08-045 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Reusable and Adaptable Cognitive Decision Aids Components For Remote Weapon Stations
Abstract:	Kutta proposes the development of a System of Modular Adaptive Reusable Tools (SMART) capable of real-time decision aiding and visualization across multiple platforms. SMART is a modular and componentized product designed to enhance operator performance, survivability, and lethality on both current and future force platforms. Kutta�s library of modular UMS decision aids, designed to achieve a total warfighter cognitive workload reduction of greater than 50%, are utilized in the development of the operating system independent SMART. Kutta also proposes the development of a UMS ontology, used by SMART to adapt and customize each of the decision aids to the specific needs, capabilities, and payload of each platform. To maximize interoperability and reuse, SMART integrates with Kutta�s library of industry standard UMS messaging interfaces including JAUS, STANAG 4586, Joint Variable Message Format, and Cursor on Target. Kutta also proposes the development of a graphical user interface toolkit that permits rapid configuration of the decision aids. Kutta�s modular and reusable SMART product coupled with the proposed graphical toolkit provides the warfighter with a suite of decision aids that can significantly reduce cognitive workload and increase lethality in both the current and future force.

MOBILE INTELLIGENCE CORP. 13620 Merriman Road Livonia, MI 48150
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 367-0430 Douglas C. MacKenzie ARMY 08-045 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Autonomous Target Engagement for Multiple Remote Weapon Stations
Abstract:	This project will address critical Army technology shortcomings related to the use of semi autonomous and autonomous weapons platforms under development for the Future Force. Phase I will address "colloborative processes" for autonomous acquisition, track and engagement of targets by integration of an existing Multi Target Tracker with a CDAS Network Enabled Decision Aid Component hosting reuseable software components developed under previous research programs. The resulting application will allow tasking a collection of autonomous unmanned ground systems with an autonomous target �search, acquire, and track� mission and will automate engagement of multiple targets using a distributed decision aid module resident on the robots themselves. It will also provide automated target hand-off to the appropriate shooter for employment of multiple Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV) in an MxN shooter-target environment. The demonstration mission is a complete thread from receipt of a Tactical Order from FBCB2, through the Search and Surveillance/Tracking process, determination of the optimal Engagement Course of Action, and execution of the autonomous MxN Shooter-Target Engagement process.

ROBOTICS RESEARCH CORP. 4480 Lake Forest Drive Suite 408 Cincinnati, OH 45242
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(513) 831-9570 James D. Farrell ARMY 08-045 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Reusable and Adaptable Cognitive Decision Aids Components For Remote Weapon Stations
Abstract:	For an operator to optimize the tactical execution and collaboration of unmanned systems (UMSs), not only must pertinent situational awareness and intelligence data be presented to him in an effective manner, but active cognitive decision aids (CDAs) must assist and enhance his judgment skills and expedite his actions. A scalable, extensible, open, configurable and adaptable architecture for the operator control unit (OCU) is needed to facilitate the insertion of cognitive decision aid (CDA) and other components to support a wide range of UMS missions with diverse platform mechanisms and sensor package configurations. The architecture must be scalable, not only at the component level, but at the thread level. The architecture must accommodate the insertion of distributable components for network scalability as well as resident components that can be assigned dynamically to execute on individual processor cores to balance workloads and enhance thread parallelism for platform scalability. This program aims to develop the required OCU architecture and fully implement key reusable CDA components that abstract situational awareness and intelligence data to provide operator guidance while performing multiplatform collaborative missions.

APPLIED ENERGETICS 3590 East Columbia St Tucson, AZ 85714
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 917-3063 Stephen McCahon ARMY 08-046 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Novel Efficient and Compact Diode-pumped Rod Gain Modules for Ultra Short Pulsed (USP) Lasers
Abstract:	Lasers based upon rod architectures offer a simple and rugged method for amplifying an Ultra-Short Pulse (USP) duration laser pulse at moderate powers. When paired with a chirped pulse amplifier (CPA) chain, greater system flexibility and capabilities are realized. This proposal provides solutions to overcome the technical challenges when combining the two techniques in high repetition rate operation by utilizing innovative designs and material solutions. The objective of this Phase 1 proposed effort is to develop a detailed design for a diode-pumped rod amplifier head for USP Yb:YAG lasers that is compatible with a CPA chain. The expected deliverable from this proposed research and development effort is to present candidate design technologies and the expected performance characteristics obtained via modeling, simulation or other mathematical methods to facilitate the decision for Phase II prototype construction.

FIBERTEK, INC. 510 Herndon Parkway Herndon, VA 20170
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 471-7671 Brian Mathason ARMY 08-046 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Novel Efficient and Compact Diode-pumped Rod Gain Modules for Ultra Short Pulsed (USP) Lasers
Abstract:	A novel rod laser amplifier design for CPA of USP lasers has been developed. In Phase I the design will be finalized and performance modeling will be completed. In the option phase we will demonstrate a subscale amplifier head to verify design and performance.

APPLIED ENERGETICS 3590 East Columbia St Tucson, AZ 85714
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 628-7415 Stephen McCahon ARMY 08-047 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Edge-pumped Composites for Ultra-Short Pulse (USP) Lasers
Abstract:	Current efforts utilizing solid state Ultra-Short Pulse (USP) Lasers have identified edge pumped lasers as a technology with the potential to greatly increase the performance of candidate systems. This proposal provides �leap ahead� concepts for gain media materials, processing, geometry, and/or finishing, pushing the leading edge of conventional gain media beyond the current capability. The objective of this Phase I proposed effort is to develop and design edge pumped laser gain media that have uniform transverse pump absorption distributions while maintaining good optical beam quality and high laser efficiency at the kW average output power level. The expected deliverable from this proposed research and development effort is to present candidate design technologies and the expected performance characteristics obtained via modeling, simulation or mathematical methods to facilitate the decision for Phase II prototype construction. This capability will benefit both Government and private sector organizations.

AQWEST 8276 Eagle Road Larkspur, CO 80118
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 681-0456 Jan (John) Vetrovec ARMY 08-047 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Edge-pumped Composites for Ultra-Short Pulse (USP) Lasers
Abstract:	Aqwest proposes to develop a novel edge-pumped composite disk laser amplifier for ultra-short pulse (USP) lasers offering operation at high-average power (HAP) at near- diffraction limited beam quality (BQ). The project will produce an amplifier for USP laser with the following major benefits to the Army and the DOD: 1) Transverse absorbed pump distribution uniformity >90% 2) Less than 1/20 of wave optical error for good BQ 3) kW average output power level per disk 4) Predicted laser efficiency as high as 51% 5) Compatible with multiple materials and wavelengths 6) Ultra-compact and lightweight packaging 7) Suitable for USP, conventional pulsed lasers, and continuous wave (cw) lasers Innovative cooling provides effective thermal management while limiting related thermal lensing. The composite disk amplifier is suitable for use with a variety of USP and other HAP laser systems. In Phase I, we will identify USP laser materials, evaluate methods for fabrication of composites, design composite disk amplifiers including pump diode array based on the most promising materials, and validate performance by numerically simulating pulse amplification, amplified spontaneous emission, spatial hole burning, thermal management, and optical distortions. As an option, we will validate the fabrication process by constructing a sample gain material composite disk.

CRYSTAL GENESIS, LLC 23 Wilson Drive Sparta, NJ 07871
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(973) 512-4848 Mike Scripsick ARMY 08-047 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Edge-pumped Composites for Ultra-Short Pulse (USP) Lasers
Abstract:	The goal of this Phase I effort is to design an edge pumped laser gain medium with uniform transverse pump absorption based on Yb:KLW/KLW composite structures. The design will be optimized for operation in an ultrashort pulse laser configuration with kW average output levels with particular emphasis on maintaining near diffraction limited beam quality. This goal will be realized by completing a njumber of technical objectives: 1. Determine range of dopant concentrations and dimensions to be investigated in Phase II to fulfill the operational requirements provided by ARDEC; 2. Demonstrate successful crystal growth of KLW and Yb:KLW that can be scaled up to meet the requirement for successful construction of Yb:KLW/KLW composites; 3. Use undoped substrates from early growth runs to demonstrate epitaxial growth of low concentration Yb:KLW on KLW substrates; 4. Use doped and undoped crystals from early growth runs to investigate the potential of optical contacting and diffusion bonding to construct composite gain media; 5. Establish the best test bed environment for Phase II demonstration of composite structure performance consistent with the goals of ARDEC.

Coherent Logix, Incorporated 1120 South Capital of Texas Highway Building 3, Suite 310 Austin, TX 78746
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 382-4967 Brian Dalio ARMY 08-048 Awarded: 2/27/2009
Title:	bioX Processor (bioX)
Abstract:	Coherent Logix, Inc., (CLX) proposes to leverage significant previous and on-going investment in the massively parallel HyperX technology fabric by investigating enhancements to the HyperX hardware, application software, and tool flow to better support dynamic reconfiguration of processing and data flow. In addition to a demonstration of the current technology's capabilities, CLX proposes to make use of attributes inspired by the characteristics of biological systems (specifically the ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions and to continue to operate in the presence of defects or failures) to investigate enhancements that would enable a next-generation level of capability in the areas of dynamic reconfiguration and reallocation of computing resources and the dynamic routing of data. These enhancements will be developed while also improving the fabric's GOP/s/W rating (i.e., even further reducing power consumption). CLX proposes to deliver a conceptual design and simulation model for the enhanced fabric (the bioX Processor fabric) as well as the simulation results for a parallel application demonstrating dynamic reconfiguration of processing resources and data flow. A development plan addressing design-for-manufacturability, design-for- production, and volume production concerns will be produced.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Applied Technologies Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Shean McMahon ARMY 08-048 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Biologically Enabled Non-Homogeneous Distributed Processing through Evaluation of Resources
Abstract:	To address the Army�s need for chip-scale, reconfigurable distributed processing on a fabric of network connections, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Biologically Enabled Non-homogeneous Distributed processing through Evaluation of Resources (BENDER) system. This system is based on a resource-centric load-balancing protocol; autonomous resource discovery routines; a self-managed, zero-processor overhead communication fabric of network connections; and concurrent programming extensions to process element instruction set architectures. This innovation offers new levels of computational performance in reconfigurable computing while eliminating communication overhead and minimizing power consumption. BENDER is a chip-scale technology that can be directly integrated into next-generation military mobile electronics devices such as the Joint Tactical Radio System, enabling lower power consumption, reduced chip count, and reduced form factor over currently available technologies. BENDER further provides reconfigurability, thereby breaking the single-use restrictions that hobble many current military electronics systems. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of BENDER by developing the load-balancing and resource-discovery routines and integrating these with a simulation of a chip-scale distributed processing network, and test it using off-the-shelf benchmarks. In Phase II, POC plans to refine the BENDER technology and design a multichip module implementation to meet Army rapid prototyping needs.

OMNITEK PARTNERS, LLC 111 West Main Street Bay Shore, NY 11706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(631) 665-4008 Richard Murray ARMY 08-049 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Structurally Integrated Position and Orientation Sensor and Seeker Technologies
Abstract:	The primary objective of this project is to study the feasibility of the development of novel polarized RF sensor geometries that are to be embedded into the structure of munitions for onboard measurement of full position and angular orientation of the projectile relative to a specified reference system. The sensors provide direct position and orientation measurements without requiring GPS or any other sensory system. The sensors are autonomous and do not acquire position and/or orientation sensory information through communication with a ground or airborne source. With this sensor, the full position and angular orientation of an object such as munitions during the flight can be measured relative to a fixed or a moving platform. In addition, since the angular orientation measurement is direct, the sensor does not accumulate measurement error. The sensors are relatively low cost and are integrated into the structure of munitions and would thereby occupy minimal volume and are readily hardened to withstand high firing accelerations, shock and vibration and the harsh firing environment. The sensors consume relatively low power and do not require time to settle following gun firing.

QUESTEK INNOVATIONS LLC 1820 Ridge Avenue Evanston, IL 60201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 328-5800 Jason T. Sebastian ARMY 08-050 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Design and Development of a New Titanium Alloy with Improved Near-Net-Shape Formability
Abstract:	In this Phase I SBIR program, QuesTek proposes to apply its Materials by Design� technology to the design and development of a new castable titanium alloy. Microstructural concepts for the alloy design will focus on improved castability (near-net- shape formability), improved mechanical strength (including fatigue strength), and lower cost relative to the existing aerospace-grade Ti-6Al-4V alloy. QuesTek intends to complete the design and demonstrate the alloy at prototype casting scale. Using cast Ti- 6Al-4V as a baseline (one of the so-called �α/β� titanium alloys), the aim is to demonstrate the feasibility of creating a castable alloy, exploring design space that incorporates lower cost alloying components (e.g., Si or Fe instead of V). In addition, the sensitivity of the alloy�s design to the elevated impurity levels encountered in non- aerospace-grade stock materials will also be examined.

TRANSITION45 TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1963 North Main Street Orange, CA 92865
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 283-2118 Edward Chen ARMY 08-050 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	High Strength Alpha-Beta Worked Titanium Casting Technology
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I effort proposes to exploit the tremendous benefits offered by titanium alloys and castings through the evaluation and development of a high strength, lightweight alpha-beta worked Ti casting technology. Such a casting alloy can be applied to fabricate lightweight structures for U.S. Army weapon systems in order to reduce cost and/or weight versus current alloys and/or fabrication routes. The purpose of applying a higher strength-low weight Ti alloy versus Ti-6-4 is to allow direct conversion of these forged components to Ti castings without sacrificing strength or increasing weight. The potential performance and cost benefits of such a technical development have already been confirmed for aerospace applications, but still need to be developed as a lower-cost grade and demonstrated for Army applications such as lightweight howitzers.

NOVA R&D, INC. 1525 Third Street, Suite C Riverside, CA 92507
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(951) 781-7332 Martin Clajus ARMY 08-051 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	High Resolution Multispectral X-ray Imaging
Abstract:	Most dig ital radiography equipment currently in the market target applications that use 10 to 120 keV x-rays consistent with the needs of medical imaging. Advanced digital methods have yet to be developed for the higher x-ray energies required to examine metal engineering objects. There is, in particular, a demand for innovative radiographic solutions for the crucial task of inspecting a wide variety of Army munitions. In response to the present solicitation topic, we propose to develop a modular, fully abuttable CZT detector array with spatial resolution of at least 0.25 mm. Additional requirements include spectral sensitivity with at least five selectable energy thresholds and the ability to work at the high X-ray energies and flux rates encountered in industrial radiography. Specifically, the solicitation calls for an energy resolution of 7% at 120 keV, 3 mm detector thickness for sufficient detection at 400 keV, and a count rate capability of 6 million photons/second per square millimeter. We will study the feasibility of the proposed solution and create preliminary designs for the critical sensor and electronics components during Phase I. A prototype of the proposed detector array will be developed in Phase II and deployed/commercialized in Phase III.

RADIATION MONITORING DEVICES, INC. 44 Hunt Street Watertown, MA 02472
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 668-6800 Vivek Nagarkar ARMY 08-051 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	A Novel High Resolution Photon Counting Detector for X-Ray Inspections
Abstract:	Current state-of-the-art X-ray imaging detectors use energy integration, where the simple integration of X-ray events during the exposure period forms images. Unfortunately, such indiscriminate operation is sub-optimal for digital radiography or CT imaging because of its inability to reject scatter, thus reducing contrast in reconstructed images, and the detectors�� limited resolution, which results in image blurring. These deleterious effects are particularly problematic for high-energy X-ray inspection systems for munitions, where important small-scale defects on the order of 100 ��m are easily obscured due to the prevalent scattering. However, a new generation of X-ray detectors is expected to have photon counting and energy recording ability, even when incident flux is very high. The use of such detectors will improve resolution and contrast in images, while significantly enhancing their signal-to-noise ratio. Unfortunately, X-ray detectors capable of handling high-count rates typically present in imaging scenarios do not currently exist. The proposed project addresses this need by developing a versatile detector module based on a semiconductor X-ray sensor coupled to novel digital pixel sensor readout. For the X-ray energies typically used in inspection systems, this detector would provide high efficiency, high resolution, and photon counting capability with at least five levels of energy discrimination.

LASERLITH CORP. 1440 Broadway, Suite 713 Oakland, CA 94612
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(510) 286-0154 Gina Kim ARMY 08-052 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	Development of Nanothermite-Based Microthrusters
Abstract:	Low Cost Course Correction Technology (LCCCT) can improve the accuracy and dispersion of gun launched projectiles, mortars and rockets. Based on microthrusters that provide altitude control and pointing, LCCCT can compensate for system errors by trajectory in-flight. Laserlith Corporation, in collaboration with Dr. Jan Puszynski and his research group, will demonstrate a microthruster based on metastable intermolecular composites (MIC). MIC materials will improve performance in terms of energy release and ignition. This work will also be accompanied by more fundamental research of burning characteristics of nanomaterials in various environments.

INNOSENSE LLC 2531 West 237th Street Suite 127 Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 530-2011 Uma Sampathkumaran ARMY 08-053 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Thermal History of Ordnance - A Colorimetric Aid during Storage and Transit
Abstract:	The Army�s goal is to develop a family of thermally responsive materials to record and visually indicate the environmental exposure history of ordnance and associated items while in storage and during transit. Temperature extremes can degrade their performance, render them ineffective or result in catastrophic events that impact mission success or soldier safety. InnoSense LLC (ISL) will demonstrate a range of materials integrated on application-specific platforms. The devices will offer functional benefits that include: (1) reduced procurement cost, (2) long-term operational life and reliable performance at temperature extremes of Army relevance, (3) materials that visibly indicate current and past history of temperature events, (4) ease of application and adhesion to metallic or plastic surfaces, (5) cost-effectiveness, (6) UV light tolerance, and (7) application specific device footprint. Phase I investigation has been proposed to demonstrate the feasibility and identify candidate materials for down selection. Phase II and Phase III goals have been outlined to expedite transitioning this technology into DOD�s procurement system. ISL has received a strong endorsement letter from a DOD prime contractor to facilitate expedited product development.

K&M ENVIRONMENTAL, INC. 2557 Production Road Virginia Beach, VA 23454
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 431-2260 Ed Locke ARMY 08-053 Awarded: 11/2/2008
Title:	Thermal Sensing and Responsive Materials for Environmental Monitoring
Abstract:	Many ordnance materials such as Hexogen (RDX) and Octogen (HMX) are stabilized by additives such as trinitrotoluene (TNT), wax, plasticizers, and polymers (as in plastic bonded explosives, PBX) to offer greater chemical stability, lowered shock sensitivity, and greater thermal stability to the compositions. However, exposure of these improved compositions to environmental conditions outside of the design range can degrade these additives leading to unstable, precarious explosive materials. Currently, it is difficult if not impossible to track the thermal history (or temperature dose) of ordnance materials; critical information needed to avoid these deadly accidents. In this proof-of-concept effort, we propose a viable solution to this issue through the development of a pliable, no- power technology capable of visibly indicating in real-time the current temperature range of a device or an environment, the temperature dose (or temperature history) that device or environment has experienced, and whether or not critical threshold temperatures have been exceeded.

NANO TERRA, INC. 790 Memorial Drive Suite 202 Cambridge, MA 02139
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 621-8500 Joe McLellan ARMY 08-053 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Thermal Sensing and Responsive Materials for Environmental Monitoring
Abstract:	In this proposal, Nano Terra outlines an innovative approach to develop a flexible integrated time-temperature sensor that is easy to apply to a variety of materials and is easily read by the naked eye. Furthermore, our device will be based off of technology that will allow us to rapidly produce a variety of products tailored to the needs of the client in respect to temperature and time ranges. The device is composed of micro-fluidic channels loaded with colored indicator materials that melt when the temperature threshold is exceeded. When these materials undergo a phase transition and melt, they run into the fluidic channels. The length of migration into the channels will be related to the time above the temperature threshold. By the end of Phase I, we propose to develop several prototype devices that can record the time a range of temperatures has been exceeded. In Phase II of this effort, Nano Terra will develop a scalable manufacturing process for these devices and in Phase III will transition the technology to a well-established partner in military logistics

KENT OPTRONICS, INC. 40 Corporate Park Drive Hopewell Junction, NY 12533
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(845) 897-0138 Le Li ARMY 08-054 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Spectrally and Spatially Foveated Multi/Hyperspectral Camera
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I proposal introduces a spectrally and spatially foveated sensor (SSFES) in the visible to near infrared (VNIR) for Multi/Hyperspectral measurement. The sensor leverages on Kent Optronics pixilated variable bandwidth tunable filter (P-VBTuF) and NOVA Sensors� variable acuity superpixel imager (VASI) FPA, where the former is for spectral foveation while the later for spatial foveation. SSFS has the highest spatial and spectral resolutions near the �center of attention� (COA), with a radially-symmetric spatial and spectral resolution diminishing radially out from the COA. The sensor permits the user to define the spatial distribution (size and location) and spectral distribution (center wavelength and bandwidth), and to change the distributions at the frame rate during the image capture process. The SSFS exhibits at least two orders of magnitude higher frame rates. Or, for a constant frame rate, a transmission bandwidth is reduced for more accurate target tracking and recognition In Phase I, two sensor designs will be evaluated for sensor FOV, spatial and spectral resolutions, frame rate, data transmission rate, data volume, size, weight and power. The Phase I Option will start to develop a demo SSFS. Phase II and beyond develops and tests prototype SSFS followed by the product commercialization.

NEW SPAN OPTO-TECHNOLOGY, INC. 16115 SW 117th Ave. A-15 Miami, FL 33177
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(305) 235-6928 Jame J. Yang ARMY 08-054 Awarded: 10/20/2008
Title:	Spatially and Spectrally Foveated Imaging Sensor
Abstract:	Wide field-of-view imaging sensors with high spatial and spectral resolution ability have extensive applications in military and commercial fields. Current methodology of employing FLIR or video imaging sensors to search and acquire potential targets is time consuming since the operator must continuously scan the area of interest in a wide view field and zoom in a local area to acquire the target details. The format size of existing imaging arrays cannot support high-resolution imaging and wide field-of-view simultaneously. Furthermore, spectral information is also significant for applications such as spectral discrimination in target identification, camouflage detection, and environmental monitoring. Several prototype hyperspectral systems have been produced, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. There is a demand to develop an electronically controlled spectral- and spatial-foveated multi/hyperspectral sensor that is dynamically programmable to achieve variable spectral/spatial resolution in user defined regions of the image. New Span Opto-Technology Inc. proposes herein a compact optical configuration that is capable of simultaneously providing panoramic monitoring and high spatial and spectral resolution in areas of interest without mechanical scanning to facilitate instant hyperspectral imaging for improved surveillance and identification capability. Phase I will establish the model and demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed architecture.

RADIATION MONITORING DEVICES, INC. 44 Hunt Street Watertown, MA 02472
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 668-6800 Richard Myers ARMY 08-055 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Compact Unit for Eye-Safe Standoff Explosive Detection
Abstract:	The goal of this work is to develop a novel Raman scattering spectrometer for advance standoff detection of IEDs and suicide bomber threats. When using the proposed instrument, we will obtain rapid, chemical-specific analysis at standoff distances of up to 30 m. This instrument will have significantly increased detection sensitivity, measurement accuracy and analysis rates compared to more conventional spectroscopy methods. To achieve a compact and low cost instrument design, we will use a custom, high-gain APD array detector as the basis of the proposed analytical instrument. The collected spectral data will also be analyzed with sophisticated software tools to provide near-real time analysis of potential threats. The final instrument will rapidly image trace amounts of explosive chemicals and other explosive related compounds (ERC), allowing time for preemptive action. Existing development of UV Raman scattering for standoff detection of explosives will be leveraged to support this effort and increase the opportunity for success.

ZOMEGA TERAHERTZ CORP. 1223 Peoples Ave Troy, NY 12180
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 833-0577 Jianming Dai ARMY 08-055 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Compact Intense THz Unit for Eye-safe Standoff Explosive Detection
Abstract:	We will develop a compact THz system with standoff spectroscopic detection capability, using an intense 1-μm Yb fiber laser with a tilted optical pulse wave-front to excite a nonlinear optical crystal (such as, LiNbO3) as the THz emitter, and a balanced electric- optic (EO) crystal incorporated with a quartz lens as the detector. The proposed unit will have THz average power greater than 1 mW and signal-to-noise ratio with real-time detection at 10 meters better than 1,000. Explosives and related compounds (ERCs) feature broad spectral signatures that are separable from narrow water absorption spectral lines using our proposed novel algorithm. Improvements in the emitter, detector and software will significantly improve the signal/noise ratio of the device by at least two orders with a bandwidth over 3.0 THz, and consequently, extend the standoff detection distance from ~10 m to over 30 m.

ARETE ASSOC. P.O. Box 2607 Winnetka, CA 91396
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 571-8660 Brad Walls ARMY 08-056 Awarded: 11/10/2008
Title:	Bio-Inspired Battlefield Environmental Situation Awareness
Abstract:	In recent years the number, capabilities, and types of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has grown dramatically, resulting in an increase in the variety and complexity of mission scenarios for these vehicles. The successful proliferation of UAV assets into missions, such as convoy protection, reconnaissance, surveillance, and targeting, has established an undeniable value that UAVs contribute to the war fighter in the combat arena. With micro-UAVs among the newest class of UAVs added for deployment at the squadron level the modern war fighter is presented with unprecedented situational awareness capabilities. However, with increased capability come increased demand for time and attention to fly and monitor micro-UAV assets. Aret� will provide Force Multiplication of micro-UAV assets by developing an autonomous sensing and navigation system for micro-UAVs based on the innovative integration of contemporary bio-inspired technologies. Core design components will consist of a stereoscopic vision system, an insect-inspired visual processing architecture, an adaptable neural-inspired navigation system, and state of the art environmental sensors.

Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation 9950 Wakeman Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 500-4807 James Paduano ARMY 08-056 Awarded: 3/16/2009
Title:	Adaptation of Biological Solutions to MAVs in Gusty Urban Environments
Abstract:	Aurora Flight Sciences proposes a comprehensive set of sensing, estimation, and control techniques to enable urban flight in the face of gusts and other disturbances. Biological entities utilize a number of sensory mechanisms to insure stable flight with respect to their surroundings and reject disturbances. Some of these mechanisms are suitable for adaptation into engineering systems that are simple, lightweight, and provide information about the vehicles surroundings (situation awareness) that is complementary to the baseline sensors available on MAVs (gyros, accelerometers, etc.) Aurora�s R&D Center has already performed extensive research into these solutions and, with support from Harvard�s Microrobotics Laboratory, will combine them into an architecture which is practical, lightweight, and effective at avoiding the many large and small obstacles encountered during aggressive urban flight, even in gusty situations.

MOSAIC ATM, INC. 801 Sycolin Road Suite 212 Leesburg, VA 20175
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(800) 405-8576 Stephen Pledgie ARMY 08-056 Awarded: 11/12/2008
Title:	Biologically-Enabled Awareness for Urban Terrain
Abstract:	Biologically-inspired technology holds tremendous potential for endowing micro air vehicles with the wide field-of-regard (wFOR) sensing, situational awareness, and platform agility necessary for persistent flight in spatially complex urban terrain. Mosaic ATM proposes an insightful Phase I effort comprised of two synergistic lines of investigation: 1.) Robust urban navigation through biologically augmented sensing; 2.) Agile urban perception with biologically-inspired processing. Our approach is designed to provide an expedient means for transitioning truly useful biological technology to fixed and rotary wing UAVs. We are teamed with the Computational Sensory-Motor Systems Lab at The Johns Hopkins University and WINTEC, Inc, an advanced flight test and integration group with specific expertise in MAV development. The Mosaic team possesses the complete spectrum of expertise necessary to research, develop, and transition biologically inspired technology to U.S. Army UAVs.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Edward A. Rietman ARMY 08-056 Awarded: 12/31/2008
Title:	Biomimetic Control of Flying Robots
Abstract:	Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs) will likely become the ISR platform of choice for urban operations because they have the advantages of being able to effectively maneuver in difficult terrain, look under vertical obscuration, etc. � all with minimal risk to human safety. While MAVs have many advantages, they do have a significant drawback: the likely loss of the vehicle due to a collision with an obstacle. MAV developers and operator are addressing this issue by: developing sophisticated obstacle detection sensors, reducing the flight velocity in cluttered environments, and limiting the flight operating envelope � unfortunately these simultaneously increase costs and dramatically reduce utility. A far better approach is to take a clue from nature; design the vehicle so that it can collide with obstacles without suffering permanent damage or loss of control. In this program Physical Sciences Inc. and the Harvard Microrobotics Lab will take insect inspired collision recovery concepts and apply them to MAV designs. This will dramatically improve the vehicle�s capability, performance and robustness. In the near future MAVs will be able to operate in highly cluttered, low visibility, dynamic environments, and do so at high speed and without the concern for the loss of the vehicle due to collisions.

JRM ENTERPRISES, INC. 150 Riverside Parkway, Suite 209 Fredericksburg, VA 22406
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 371-6590 Christopher Fink ARMY 08-057 Awarded: 11/5/2008
Title:	Urban Illumination for Soldier Simulations and Close-Combat Target Acquisition
Abstract:	JRM Technologies proposes to develop a high-performance physics-based algorithm for TAWS prediction of urban scene EO/NIR light levels, as seen from arbitrary vantage points. The software implementation will apply radiosity techniques using area discretization of scene elements, but will simultaneously incorporate atmospheric effects such as transmission and scattering in the natural and man-made irradiance loading of surfaces. Furthermore, the solution will apply novel form-factor analysis techniques to exploit geometrical simplifications afforded by the building planar surfaces. The result will be a global illumination solution which can subsequently be sampled from arbitrary viewpoints with very little additional computation, affording fast, accurate background predictions for use in target acquisition. Options to the base effort include upgrading the atmospheric model to a highly-optimized Modtran-based transport calculation with more detailed atmospheric property control, upgrading the natural light source model to account for stellar irradiance and propagation through the user-defined atmosphere, improving the artificial source model to incorporate characteristic spectral emittance from known source types, and improving the surface albedo model to allow selection of material types from a library of pre-measured spectral DHR. Additional options will provide optimizations to the surface discretization and radiosity matrix solution algorithms using iterative techniques.

SPECTRAL SCIENCES, INC. 4 Fourth Avenue Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 273-4770 Robert Sundberg ARMY 08-057 Awarded: 11/24/2008
Title:	Fast Line-of-Sight Illumination Calculations for Urban Environments
Abstract:	Model simulations have become increasingly valuable for assessing effectiveness and vulnerability in sensor system development and operations planning. A problem of current and critical interest is the performance of Gen III Night Vision Goggles in the urban environment. The Army�s current operational nighttime illumination model only treats lunar illumination in open terrain. Therefore, a quantitative engineering-level model is needed that captures the complexities of the urban environment, particularly in non-ideal (e.g., foggy) weather conditions, and is computationally fast, allowing for insertion into higher- level simulation software. To address this challenge, Spectral Sciences, Inc. proposes to develop a novel Fast Line-of-sight Illumination Calculation (FLIC) model for the visible through near infrared region. The FLIC approach involves pre-computation of key illumination and multiple scattering-related quantities, enabling real-time line-of-sight radiance integration for a specified observer-target pair. A forward-propagating Monte Carlo approach will provide efficient and accurate pre-computation of multiple scattering source functions. Phase I will feature development of the underlying radiative-transfer algorithms, feasibility demonstration for an example scenario, and validation. The end product of Phase I/II/III would be a FLIC algorithm integrated into the Army�s weapons system and mission evaluation software tools, TAWS and IWARS.

Aptima, Inc. 12 Gill Street Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 496-2471 Amy Alexander ARMY 08-058 Awarded: 1/12/2009
Title:	Situation Awareness Assessment Tools for Network Enabled Command and Control Field Evaluations
Abstract:	Advanced Army command and control (C2) technologies will enable Soldiers and teams within and across echelons to �see first, understand first, act first, and finish decisively� in a dynamically changing battlefield. The ability of these systems to ensure tactical success is directly linked to the degree to which they support both the development and maintenance of situation awareness (SA). As these nascent C2 technologies are developed and fielded, it is imperative that they be assessed for their ability to support the development of individual, shared, and team SA. This is easier said than done, particularly during field evaluations. Current methods of measuring and assessing SA are subject to a number of limitations in terms of their sensitivity, validity, reliability, diagnosticity or utility within complex operational environments. A multi-faceted approach to SA measurement is needed to leverage strengths and compensate for inherent limitations of the various techniques for testing and evaluating advanced C2 technologies designed to improve Soldier SA. More specifically, the Army needs an SA assessment toolkit that: (1) contains sensitive and valid individual, shared, and team SA measures, (2) utilizes proven assessment technologies, and (3) guides SA measure selection by mission events, system characteristics, and measurement needs.

SA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 3750 Palladian Village Drive Building 600 Marietta, GA 30066
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 838-3748 Cheryl Bolstad ARMY 08-058 Awarded: 11/24/2008
Title:	Situation Awareness Assessment Tools for Network Enabled Command and Control Field Evaluations
Abstract:	The specific objective of this Army SBIR Phase I program is to develop the Situation Awareness Measurement System (SAMS), aimed at effectively supporting Army Command and Control system evaluations by providing valid measurement of situation awareness (SA) at both the individual and team level as well as at all three levels of SA (perception, comprehension, and projection). The conceptual design of the SAMS will be based on direct, objective measures of SA. We will create an easy to use menu-based tool for real-time SA analysis of teams and individuals. This tool will provide direct objective measurement of the evaluation of a warfighter�s use of a system. Ultimately, SAMS will be robust enough to be used in a variety of joint missions with joint service personnel.

UtopiaCompression, Corporation 11150 W. Olympic Blvd. Suite 680 Los Angeles, CA 90064
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 473-1500 Hieu Nguyen ARMY 08-059 Awarded: 1/16/2009
Title:	Cognitive Object Recognition System - It is all in the brain!
Abstract:	Automated object recognition is an important and challenging problem. The technology is crucial for a number of Army applications including video surveillance, Automatic Target Recognition and Simultaneous Localization and Mapping. While feature-based or template matching-based classification algorithms are used in certain Army applications, it has been observed that their classification accuracy depends on the quality of the training dataset. Often the lack of a representative set of training images severely affects performance. Moreover, the algorithms generally perform poorly when the object is occluded. Each of these methods addresses certain aspects of recognition while ignoring others. Thus, there is a need for a psychologically inspired and comprehensive approach to object recognition. Research in Neuroscience has indicated that humans do not use one specific algorithm but simultaneously use a combination of multiple classification algorithms. Thus, we propose Cognitive Object Recognition System based on the latest psychological models that combines Geon-theory and Feature-based recognition methods. Decisions about object classes will be achieved by optimally fusing the decision from each.

ADAPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 2020 Kraft Drive Suite 3040 Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 951-1284 Yu Du ARMY 08-060 Awarded: 12/8/2008
Title:	Hearing Protection Evaluation System
Abstract:	The acoustic test fixture (ATF) type of hearing protection evaluation system (HPES) has been widely used in the past to evaluate hearing protection device (HPD) performances, in addition to the Real-Ear-Attenuation-at-Threshold method and the Microphone-In-Real- Ear method. Since the use of ATF devices does not rely on human subjects, they are more efficient, and in many cases indispensable, for testing HPDs in various application environments. However, one significant drawback of current ATF devices is that they lack agreement with human subject testing due primarily to the insufficiency of modeling the real human head regarding the hearing mechanism. The focus of this Phase I program is thus to develop novel approaches, based on finite element analysis, for building an advanced HPES that emulates realistic heads and allows for characterizing either circumaural or insert-type HPDs in both impulse and continuous noise environments across the dynamic range of human hearing. Means for imitating mechanical and acoustical characteristics of the human head and auditory system, as well as means for emulating bone conduction pathways, will be investigated in this program. A report describing the approach and demonstrating the feasibility and capabilities of an advanced HPES design will be provided at the conclusion of Phase I.

CFD Research Corporation 215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 726-4800 Debbie Reeves ARMY 08-060 Awarded: 1/30/2009
Title:	Computational Modeling Tools for Acoustic Test Fixture Manikin Design
Abstract:	Hearing Protection Devices (HPDs) are critical to the audiological fitness and mission safety of military personnel. Thorough, reliable, and mission-appropriate evaluation of HPDs needs sophisticated objective methods. Some Acoustic Test Fixtures (ATFs) are available for HPD research but they have drawbacks. In this project we will develop a method of designing a new ATF manikin that is appropriate for the use in HPDs evaluations. Conventional method of designing ATF manikin relied on experimentation while the proposed method uses computational model as a design tool. This method uses Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to calculate the sound field around a manikin model, inside the ear canals and at the eardrums of the manikin. Bone conduction effects will be integrated in the model. This method will give predictions of the ATF manikin�s performance before it is constructed. This tool will determine the design paramaters required to construct the new ATF manikin. By using computational tools in the design, we reduce design time and materials� cost. The outcome from phase II will be a complete ATF manikin system, i.e. head and torso with ear simulator system that emulates human auditory system as close as possible for the use of HPDs evaluation.

Li Creative Technologies 30 A Vreeland Road, Suite 130 Florham Park, NJ 07932
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(973) 822-0048 Joshua J. Hajicek ARMY 08-060 Awarded: 1/30/2009
Title:	Hearing Protection Evaluation System
Abstract:	The purpose of this proposal is to present a novel and promising solution for a Hearing Protection Evaluation System (HPES) that accurately emulates the torso and human head and its interaction with directional and omni-directional auditory fields created by continuous and impulsive acoustic noise for levels up to 185 dB. The HPES will also accurately emulate the attenuation effects of earmuff and earplug Hearing protection devices (HPDs) in both continuous and impulsive noise environments across the full dynamic range of human hearing from the outer to middle ear. In addition the HPES will simulate occlusion and bone conduction effects as well as all significant parameters of the outer ear acoustics. Our HPES will also preserve inter-aural level differences, bilateral acoustic reflex, tissue conductions, ear canal morphology, and will accurately calculate attenuation data of for both ear muffs and ear plug types of HPDs. In addition the system will have replicable pinnas and be easily maintained.

nLight Photonics 5408 NE 88th Street, Bldg E Vancouver, WA 98665
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(360) 566-4460 Steve Patterson ARMY 08-061 Awarded: 2/26/2009
Title:	Cryogenically-cooled eyesafe laser diode arrays for resonant pumping of Er-doped gain media
Abstract:	High-power solid state lasers operating beyond 1300-nm have been proposed as �eye- safer� sources in many applications. Erbium-doped solid state lasers provide an attractive gain medium due to emission at eyesafe wavelengths, and the potential for ultra-low quantum defect pumping by diode lasers operating around 1532-nm. It has been shown that cooling the solid state crystalline gain medium to cryogenic temperatures provides significant advantages in efficiency and power scaling. To date, these lasers are typically pumped by diode laser modules operating at or near room-temperature. It is well-established that cryogenic cooling of diode lasers can greatly improve efficiency and power. However, to fully realize these benefits, the diodes must be specially designed for operation at cryogenic temperatures. In this work, we propose diode laser arrays operating at ~1532-nm which are specifically designed and optimized for operation at 77K. Under the proposed program, nLight will design, grow, fabricate, test, and deliver to the Army Research Laboratory a series of conductively-cooled 1532-nm 100W, 65% efficient 1-cm diode laser bars for evaluation in cryogenic solid state laser pumping experiments. As an option to the program, nLight will also assemble test and deliver to the Army Research Laboratory a fiber-coupled conduction-cooled 100W, 60% efficient pump module.

PRINCETON LIGHTWAVE, INC. 2555 Route 130 South, Suite 1 Cranbury, NJ 08512
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 495-2547 Igor Kudryashov ARMY 08-061 Awarded: 10/30/2008
Title:	Eyesafe laser diode arrays for resonant pumping of Er-doped gain media optimized for cryogenically cooled operation
Abstract:	Growing interest to high power lasers in the eye-safe spectral domain has initiated a wave of activity in developing solid-state lasers based on Er3+-doped materials. Impressive results have been demonstrated in resonantly pumped Er:YAG based lasers. Cryogenic cooling of the laser crystal has improved the laser performance. In these experiments the pump lasers are InGaAsP/InP based 1530 nm laser diode arrays operating at room temperature. Operation of the pump laser diodes at cryogenic temperatures will provide significant benefits for the complete system. This includes increased pump power, improved laser efficiency and a compact optical system. The design of the pump laser for cryogenic operation requires modification of the existing structure. The modifications will be based on both the analytical models as well as data measured on current devices. The design optimization will focus on improving output power and wall plug efficiency for operation at cryogenic operation. The goal of the program is to deliver a laser diode array with output power of 50W and a wall plug efficiency of >60%.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Electro-Optics Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Jason Holmstedt ARMY 08-062 Awarded: 11/7/2008
Title:	Fully Flexible Information Technology Assistant
Abstract:	To address the Army need for fully flexible display electronics, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Fully Flexible Information Technology Assistant (FLEXITA). This proposed flexible display system is based on chip-on-flex (COF) and embedded passives fabrication techniques, efficient power management that leverages bi-stable displays, synchronous/asynchronous display driving for video or random updates, and power-saving wireless protocols. The innovation in FLEXITA will enable the system to conform to the bending radii of fully flexible displays while maintaining low-power consumption, both wired and wireless communication, and color video capability. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of FLEXITA by designing, fabricating, and testing a flexible processing circuit using COF technology. FLEXITA meets the needs of the Army by offering low power (<10 mW in standby mode and <250 microwatts in sleep mode), lightweight (~40 g with PCB and batteries), 12-24-bit color, and up to 2048x2048 RGBW color images. In Phase II, POC plans to develop a mature prototype that will both drive and conform to a fully flexible display. This technology has a large military market and a potentially large commercial market for handheld PDAs, GPSs, and other smart electronics devices.

TRIDENT SYSTEMS, INC. 10201 Fairfax Boulevard Suite 300 Fairfax, VA 22030
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 691-7760 Michael Viazanko ARMY 08-062 Awarded: 12/1/2008
Title:	Fully Flexible Information Electronics with a Flexible Display
Abstract:	The Army�s investment in flexible displays has resulted in several promising technologies which can be incorporated into novel applications that are far more practical for military use than those with conventional rigid glass-based liquid crystal display (LCD) technologies. An application such as a Fully-Flexible Information Assistant (FFIA) using these new flexible displays is essential for providing battlefield information from an all- source, network-centric environment to the individual soldier in a practical, ultra-rugged manner never quite possible before. The proposed FFIA design will require a novel flexible electronics solution consisting of a flexible circuit assembly with functionality that includes: human interfacing, wireless & wireless communication, Global Positioning System (GPS), power management, and a processor-memory combination with computational strength to execute current and future Army applications. To meet the aggregate mechanical flexibility of the total system, flexible and/or rigid-flexible printed circuit boards (PCBs) would be selected and fabricated to maximize reliability of the system. Following this SBIR, two distinct �first flexible applications� become apparent: (a.) A fully integrated FFIA in single package and (b.) a FFIA where the flexible display module is separate from the flexible processing electronics.

QUANTUMSPHERE, INC. 2905 Tech Center Drive Santa Ana, CA 92705
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 545-6266 Subra Iyer ARMY 08-063 Awarded: 12/22/2008
Title:	Unitized Reformed Methanol Fuel Cell
Abstract:	This Phase I SBIR proposal will investigate the synthesis and electrochemistry of bifunctional anodes, high-temperature electrolyte membranes (300oC) and low-cost cathode catalysts for a Unitized Reformed Methanol Fuel Cell (URFMC). The research and development effort will consist of developing a double-layer anode material, capable of both methanol reformation and hydrogen oxidation to protons. Concurrent research will investigate development of a high-temperature high conductivity composite, capable of protonic conduction at 250-350oC. The final deliverable of this Phase I effort will be a 20W methanol reforming fuel cell, scalable to 200W in a follow-on Phase II effort. Successful development of an URFMC, operating at 300oC, will enable filling in the gaps between current portable power technologies and the soldier power needed for the Future Force Warrior (FFW).

Superprotonic, Inc. 530 South Lake Avenue #312 Pasadena, CA 91101
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 793-9314 Calum Chisholm ARMY 08-063 Awarded: 1/30/2009
Title:	Bi-functional anode and High Temperature Electrolyte Membrane for Reforming Methanol Fuel Cell (RMFC).
Abstract:	The application of solid acid fuel cells (SAFC) as reforming methanol fuel cells (RMFCs) is extremely attractive due to the nearly ideal temperature match between fuel cell electrolyte (for CsH2PO4, operational temperatures are 235-275�C) and typical methanol steam reforming catalysts (MSRCs; reforming temperatures typically range from 250- 350�C). This temperature match, in addition to the high CO tolerance of SAFCs, allows for methanol steam reforming internal to the stack to create a solid acid based RMFC. This project will establish the feasibility of incorporating a methanol steam reforming catalyst (MRSC) material into the anode of Superprotonic�s current MEA/stack design to create a bi-functional anode SAFC.

AERODYNE RESEARCH, INC. 45 Manning Road Billerica, MA 01821
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 663-9500 Stephen H. Jones ARMY 08-064 Awarded: 12/12/2008
Title:	Utilizing Optical Defocusing and Computational Imaging for Laser Intensity Reduction at CCD Focal Planes
Abstract:	Devising a means to reduce the fluence at the image sensor by a factor of 100 would eliminate the threat from all but the largest, cumbersome sources. We propose that the needed fluence reduction can be achieved by operating the existing imager at a strongly defocused setting, and applying hardware-accelerated existing state-of-the-art image deblurring algorithms to its data stream. Several existing deblurring algorithms are capable of very good inverse filtering performance with a 19x19 blur kernel which corresponds to an approximate fluence attenuation of 360 . The system concept is to interface the unmodified image sensor with a signal processor to implement the deblurring algorithm at the video rate. Aerodyne Research Inc (ARI), and our partner, the University of Notre Dame (UND) spin-off Emu Solutions offer innovative and patented techniques for FPGA hardware acceleration of "non-streamable" algorithms that typify inversion problems in computational imaging. Our Phase II goal is a full-up system implementation, coupling a representative optical imager to a real-time video-rate FPGA implementation of the computational deblurring. Our Phase I efforts will establish the feasibility of our approach, employing computational emulations, laboratory optical confirmation, and preliminary fixed-point arithmetic assessment.

AGILTRON CORP. 15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Lei Zhang ARMY 08-064 Awarded: 11/24/2008
Title:	UTILIZING COMPUTATIONAL IMAGING FOR LASER INTENSITY REDUCTION AT CCD FOCAL PLANES
Abstract:	In this program, Agiltron Incorporated and Wake Forest University jointly propose to develop an innovative optical limiter using a computational imaging system using pupil- phase engineering, which is a nonlinear optimization approach that seeks to determine the best pupil phase distribution that achieves a balance among various competing requirements of high energy spread, high SNR, insensitivity to wavelength, restorability. This method will give us the best chance to achieve laser intensity attenuation while maintaining the restored image quality. We will experimentally demonstrate nanosecond laser pulse protection to CCD camera with cubic phase masks we have. These results will be used to help developing a better restoration technique for cubic phase masks. Two other phase modulation schemes called Piece-Wise Linear Phase Element and Pseudo Random Phase Perturbation will also be tested. A final report will be delivered to the Army to recommend the best technique(s) for laser protection.

APPLIED SCIENCE INNOVATIONS, INC. 185 Jordan Road Troy, NY 12180
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 833-6897 Mikhail Gutin ARMY 08-064 Awarded: 11/25/2008
Title:	Computational Imaging for Laser Intensity Reduction at CCD Focal Planes
Abstract:	Applied Science Innovations, Inc. proposes development of the Coded-Aperture, Laser Irradiation Tolerant Imaging Sensor (CALITIS) � a novel, computational imaging technique to protect CCD sensors from damage by frequency-agile pulsed lasers. In a conventional camera, collimated laser beam converges into a small point damaging the CCD. The proposed CALITIS will use new computational imaging, with appropriate optical-wavefront modulator and processing routines and hardware. The system performance will exceed standard optical while reducing incident fluence on CCD by seven to eight orders of magnitude, across the operating spectrum of the CCD and beyond. Processing at CCD frame rates will be provided. The patent-pending CALITIS technology features extremely light weight and simplicity, relaxed alignment tolerances, low cost, resistance to shock and vibration, and an extremely broad temperature range. Additional benefits include virtually infinite depth of field and tolerance to point and line defects in the detector array. Phase I will establish feasibility of the CALITIS concept. In Phase II, a functional preproduction CALITIS prototype will be developed and delivered to the Army for evaluation and use. In Phase III, CALITIS design will be productized, to enhance overall force protection, into optical sensors used in military operations and homeland security.

ALTEX TECHNOLOGIES CORP. 244 Sobrante Way Sunnyvale, CA 94086
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 328-8306 Kennth Lux ARMY 08-065 Awarded: 12/11/2008
Title:	Person-Portable Oxidative-Desulfurization System (PPODS)
Abstract:	The proposed Person-Portable Oxidative-Desulfurization System (PPODS) will enable the use of small solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) to produce 2 kW of electrical power from JP-8 by reducing the sulfur concentration in JP-8 fed to the SOFC fuel processor to less than 10 ppmw. The PPODS utilizes an innovative oxidative desulfurization technique to reduce sulfur levels in the fuel to those compatible with SOFCs. This will enable the Army to take advantage of the ability of SOFCs to operate on a hydrogen reformate with significant amounts of CO present. This greatly simplifies the fuel reformer leading to a more compact and lightweight power system.

TDA RESEARCH, INC. 12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 940-2349 Gokhan Alptekin ARMY 08-065 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Mesoporous Sorbents for Oxidative Desulfurization of JP-8
Abstract:	The major drawback to the use of fuel cells as electric generators and auxiliary power units (APUs) by deployed forces is their inability to directly use battlefield fuels. Both Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells and the Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) require a clean, essentially sulfur-free feed stream to prevent the poisoning of the fuel cell anode catalyst. Unfortunately, battlefield fuels (i.e., JP-8) contain high levels of refractory sulfur species (up to 3,000 ppmw), which need to be removed by advanced fuel processing technologies. TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) proposes to develop a novel oxidative desulfurization system, an integral part of a compact and efficient fuel processor, to produce a clean feed from high sulfur logistic fuels. In Phase I, we will develop a highly reactive, durable catalyst and a high capacity, regenerable adsorbent to reduce the sulfur content of the fuel to sub ppm levels tolerable by the fuel cells. We will show the long-term durability and regeneration capability of these new materials under representative conditions. Based on experimental data, we will also carry out preliminary design of a desulfurization system integrated to a fuel processor that can deliver the sulfur-free feed required to operate a 2 kWe fuel cell power generator.

APPLIED EM, INC. 144 Research Drive Hampton, VA 23666
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 224-2034 C.J.Reddy ARMY 08-067 Awarded: 11/24/2008
Title:	Metamaterial Antennas for Army Platforms
Abstract:	This effort addresses the integration of antenna apertures for conformal installation. A goal is to provide a common or multiband conformal aperture covering the complete communication band (e.g. JTRS 20MHz-2GHz). To address the challenges of conformality, wide bandwidth and miniaturization, we propose a new class of metamaterial antennas already demonstrated to deliver optimal gain x bandwidth performance. Several techniques, including magnetic material loadings, meandering, reactive/LC loading for wave slow down and impedance matching are proposed in combined fashion to realize a novel class of metamaterial-based antennas. A most important concept brought forward is the realization of anisotropy via the simple means of controlled printed line coupling on otherwise uniform substrates. The several more parameters, enabled by anisotropy, provide added degrees of freedom to realize optimal radiators. Under this effort, a novel class of multiband and wideband conformal antennas is proposed incorporating miniaturization techniques whose elements are 0.05 of a wavelength at the lowest operation frequency. Available prototypes have already provided validation of the proposed miniaturization and wide bandwidth concepts. Under this effort, these concepts will be integrated to realize wideband miniature elements covering the JTRS band using minimal real estate and addressing challenges associated with armored vehicles.

EMAG TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 775 Technology Dr. Suite 300 Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 996-3624 Kazem F. Sabet ARMY 08-067 Awarded: 11/26/2008
Title:	Metamaterial Antennas for Army Platforms
Abstract:	In this SBIR project, we propose to investigate the application of three types of metamaterial that have been recently developed at the University of Michigan to antenna miniaturization on military vehicular platforms. These include embedded circuit electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) metamaterial, reactive impedance surface (RIS) substrates and magneto-dielectric metamaterials. The Phase I feasibility study will involve design, characterization and development of equivalent circuit models of these metamaterials for the HF-VHF-UHF bands using both computer simulation and experiment. A limited number of miniaturized planar antennas on such substrates will be fabricated and tested. The effects of the platform on the performance of the antenna will be investigated.

ELTRON RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, INC. 4600 Nautilus Court South Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 530-0263 Sara L. Rolfe ARMY 08-068 Awarded: 10/30/2008
Title:	Advanced Nanostructured Powders for Cold Spray Applications
Abstract:	In this project, Eltron will develop a method for spray drying agglomerates of nanoparticles for use in the cold spray process. These agglomerates will allow the nanoparticles to be cold sprayed, resulting in coatings and structures with superior strength and hardness. Nanosized particles will be dispersed in a solvent with a metallic binder precursor and spray dried under controlled atmosphere to form spheroid particles. In the spray dryer, slurry droplets are expelled from the atomizer and the liquid surface tension creates perfect spheres. As the droplets fall through the spray dryer, the heated gas will simultaneously cause the liquid to evaporate and convert the binder precursor. As the liquid is removed, the nanoparticles are brought into contact, forming agglomerates while maintaining their spherical shape. When exposed to the spray dryer conditions, the binder precursor will form small crystals, coating the nanoparticles to form connections between the nanoparticles and fill the gaps between nanoparticles. New methods for forming platelets and needles will be developed by controlling spray drier settings and using an impact barrier. In addition, this technology will be directly transferable to agglomerating ceramic (WC, ZrO2, or VN) nanoparticles with a binder for wear-resistant cold spray commercial applications.

ZATORSKI COATING CO., INC. 77 Wopowog Road East Hampton, CT 06424
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 267-9889 Ray Zatorski ARMY 08-068 Awarded: 10/30/2008
Title:	Printing Nanostructured Powders (PNP) Process
Abstract:	The printing of nano-structured particles (PNP) process produces powder particles with a nano-structure by using high-speed printing techniques combined with classical powder metallurgy processes. The particles produced are the feedstock for high kinetic energy coating processes in the range of 5 to greater than 100 micrometers. Commercially obtained cylindrical printing rolls have cavities originally designed to hold ink for commercial printing. These cavities are available in size ranges from less than 10 micrometers to over 100 micrometers. A thin sheet of nano-sized powder is spread on a solid surface and the printing roll is rolled over the sheet. The nano-sized powder is compressed into the cavities and forms a compacted particle the size of the cavity. The compacted particles are then used in this state or are sintered at a temperature to add strength to the particle while maintaining the nano-structure within the particle.

GENERAL SCIENCES, INC. 205 Schoolhouse Road Souderton, PA 18964
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 723-8588 Peter D. Zavitsanos ARMY 08-069 Awarded: 10/30/2008
Title:	Scalable & Adaptive Munitions Technologies
Abstract:	The U.S. Army, as well as other national military services, requires new and innovative reactive materials to produce next generation munitions. There exists a need for scalable and adaptable warheads that provide user-selectable energy output, as well as selectable modes of operation, such as fragmentation, penetration and blast. General Sciences, Inc. (GSI) will demonstrate the feasibility of applying reactive materials and innovative configurations of those materials to provide the US Army with Scalable & Adaptive Munitions capabilities, specifically materials that possess high density and high strengths, beyond current reactive materials. GSI will provide the Army with reactive materials information, mechanical property data and mechanical behavior response to support the Scalable & Adaptive Munitions program.

SEACOAST SCIENCE, INC. 2151 Las Palmas Drive Suite C Carlsbad, CA 92011
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 268-0083 Stephen T. Hobson ARMY 08-071 Awarded: 11/19/2008
Title:	Carbosilane Organocatalysts for CWA Neutralization
Abstract:	Seacoast Science (SCS) proposes to synthesize and characterize carbosilanes as organocatalysts for the neutralization of CWAs. After selection of starting materials to cover available chemical space and optimization of reaction conditions, these carbosilane organocatalyst will be synthesized in a focused library format from commercially available starting materials. Following limited purification, the organocatalysts will be rapidly screened using gas chromatography, and the optimal Phase I materials selected. These Phase I materials will be further purified and the reaction mechanism and kinetics will be explored in the Phase I Option.

TDA RESEARCH, INC. 12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 940-5392 Aaron Skaggs ARMY 08-071 Awarded: 11/12/2008
Title:	Hydrolysis of Chemical Warfare Agents Using an Organocatalyst
Abstract:	In this SBIR Phase I project we propose to develop small molecule organocatalysts to detoxify chemical warfare (CW) agents under ambient conditions. The organocatalyst could be incorporated into the topcoat of vehicles, where it would be already present and immediately go to work if the surface became contaminated. A self-decontaminating material can avoid use of a conventional decon solution, improving logistics and aiding in maintaining operational tempo. It could also be used in fabrics for tents or protective clothing, or to improve the performance of sorbents. TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) has recently demonstrated materials that detoxify HD through catalytic aerobic oxidation at ambient temperature. We propose to extend that success by developing organocatalysts that hydrolyze the phosphonate nerve agents: VX and the G-agents. Organocatalysts have recently demonstrated practical activity in a number of applications. They are economical, environmentally benign, and their structure can be readily modified to improve activity. Our organocatalyst is comprised of three important elements to bind and orient the target agent, and then promote the desired selective cleavage of the P�S bond. With internal funding, TDA prepared some simple analogs of the organocatalyst structures we propose, and demonstrated a material that promotes P�S bond cleavage in the VX surrogate Malathion at ambient temperature.

SUPERPROTONIC, INC. 530 South Lake Avenue #312 Pasadena, CA 91101
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 793-9314 Dane Boysen ARMY 08-072 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	A 250-W Solid Acid Electrolyte Fuel Cell Generator
Abstract:	The project describes an optimal design for directly integrating a fuel reformer with the state of the art in solid acid fuel cells (SAFCs) and other required balance-of-plant components required to produce a 250 Wnet person-portable, rugged, and efficient power supply utilizing low sulfur diesel fuel with a path leading to JP-8 fuel. The design capitilizes on SAFC operating temperature and high CO and H2S tolerance to simplify fuel processing and reforming and improve thermal integration.

ELTRON RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, INC. 4600 Nautilus Court South Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 530-0263 Wayne E. Buschmann ARMY 08-073 Awarded: 11/13/2008
Title:	Anion Exchange Membrane-Modified Electrodes for Alkaline Fuel Cells
Abstract:	The direct methanol alkaline fuel cell (DMAFC) is under development as an alternative power source for lightweight, portable applications. Several advantages of the alkaline fuel cell make it superior to direct methanol PEM fuel cells. Namely, the improved electrokinetics of fuel oxidation in alkaline environments make it possible to use a variety of fuels and inexpensive, non-noble catalysts while minimizing fuel crossover and cathode flooding issues often encountered with PEM fuel cells. These inherent advantages of alkaline fuel cells are somewhat offset by issues with electrode/electrolyte poisoning by precipitated carbonates in alkaline solutions. Using solid polymer electrolytes can mitigate this problem, but commercial anion exchange membranes generally exhibit decreased conductivity and stability compared to their PEM counterparts and the lack of a commercially available soluble ionomer for electrode construction results in electrode/electrolyte interfaces with increased ionic resistivities leading to power loss. The proposed DMAFC will improve the membrane/electrode interface using a novel electropolymerization step and increase the conductivity by in situ quaternization/crosslinking of an anion conducting polymer directly to the electrolytically modified electrode. These improvements, coupled with judicious selection of electrocatalysts, will lead to the construction of a 5 W cell stack with excellent power density and power-to-weight ratio.

LYNNTECH, INC. 7610 Eastmark Drive College Station, TX 77840
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(979) 693-0017 Christopher Rhodes ARMY 08-073 Awarded: 11/12/2008
Title:	Advanced Hydroxyl Ion-Conducting Membranes and Ionomers for Alkaline Fuel Cells
Abstract:	Alkaline fuel cell (AFC)-based power systems offer advantages over proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Superior electrochemical reaction thermodynamics for both oxygen reduction and fuel oxidation under alkaline environments make alkaline fuel cell technology a better candidate for sensors, portable and dismounted soldier applications. In addition, AFCs can utilize low-cost, non-precious metal catalysts rather than expensive Pt catalysts used for PEMFCs. Despite their advantages, current AFCs require liquid electrolytes which result in safety and CO2 poisoning concerns that have limited their use. The Phase I project will produce solid polymeric hydroxyl ion-conducting membranes and ionomers based on grafting electrochemically stable, anion receptors on the backbone of alkaline stable polymers. The chemical, thermal, and electrochemical characterization of both hydroxyl ion-conducting solid membranes and alkaline ionomers will be investigated during the Phase I period. The ionomers will improve power densities by reducing ionic resistance within the electrode and membrane interface. The membranes will be tested both in single cells and 5W AFC stack with ammonia borane and sodium borohydride. The development of AFCs using solid hydroxyl ion conductors will allow operation without liquid electrolytes and open up new avenues for variety of fuels such as ammonia borane, sodium borohydride, and hydrogen.

ENGINEERING ACOUSTICS, INC. 406 Live Oaks Blvd Casselberry, FL 32707
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 645-5444 Bruce Mortimer ARMY 08-074 Awarded: 11/19/2008
Title:	Development of a Fieldable Brain Trauma Analyzer System
Abstract:	Studies have estimated that as many as 22% of soldiers serving on the frontline may be at risk of mTBI from blows to the head or shockwaves caused by explosions. mTBI or concussion is also often associated with sports injuries and civilian trauma, with an estimated 5.3 million Americans living with disabilities that resulted from TBIs, according to the CDC. An immediate and definite need exists for a low cost, portable, real-time diagnostic device for the quantitative assessment of cortical function, and diagnosis of mTBI. This proposal has as its aim the development and demonstration of such a device, and related testing protocol. mTBI is hypothesized to involve derangement or damage to the underlying cortical network in such a way as to limit the functional connectivity within and between cortical columns. We will develop and investigate an approach that tests the intactness of the somatosensory system as a measure of the intactness of the neural connectivity. The system will utilize a simple wearable tactile device and a protocol that is based on response to complex tactile stimuli.

ALPHASENSE, INC. 28 Hillstream Road Newark, DE 19711
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(302) 294-0116 Pengcheng Lv ARMY 08-075 Awarded: 11/12/2008
Title:	A Cavity Enhanced Terahertz Absorption Spectrometer (CETAS)
Abstract:	In this proposal, AlphaSense, Inc. (AI) and the Oklahoma State University (OKState) detail the development of a novel Cavity Enhanced Terahertz Absorption Spectrometer (CETAS). Key innovations of the proposed system include: a) the use of a small Whispering- Gallery- Mode (WGM) cavity to achieve very long pathlength; and b) the integration of the WGM cavity with the conventional pulsed and continuous wave (cw) THz systems. Consequently, the proposed system will have the following merits: a)Ultra high sensitivity and selectivity, b)Compact, light weight, and relatively low cost, and c)flexible for chemical analysis in different forms.

INTELLIGENT OPTICAL SYSTEMS, INC. 2520 W. 237th Street Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(424) 263-6319 Glenn Bastiaans ARMY 08-075 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	Intracavity Enhanced Explosive Detection via THz Emission
Abstract:	Intelligent Optical Systems (IOS) proposes to develop an important element to defend against terror and asymmetric warfare. There is a great need to detect very low concentrations of explosive vapors and other hazardous gases using only a small portable instrument that can be used to monitor, examine, or screen objects and people for the presence of a threat. It is known that Intracavity Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (ICLAS) offers the potential to detect and identify very low concentrations of gases, and that terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is very effective in identifying explosives. However, ICLAS, in its present form, cannot be used as a field device, and cannot be used with THz light. IOS will develop a highly innovative instrument that will use THz spectroscopy to identify explosive vapors, and will use a variation of intracavity spectroscopy to detect very low concentrations of explosives and other gases. This innovative instrument will be developed into a field portable device suitable for many applications to defend against improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and other threats.

ZYBERWEAR, INC. 2114 New Victor Road Ocoee, FL 34761
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 295-5955 Oliver Edwards ARMY 08-075 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	Terahertz Intracavity Spectrometer
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I project will develop a hand-held sensing and alarm system for ultra- trace concentrations of chemical gases, biological aerosols, and explosive vapors. Unprecedented sensitivity will be achieved by differential intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy (ICLAS) which provides up to kilometer effective optical path lengths in a device with centimeter dimensions. Innovations include the use of semiconductor quantum cascade lasers (QCL) that operate in the terahertz region of the electromagnetic spectrum, a region rich in molecular signatures but under-utilized for spectral sensing. The Phase I work plan will experimentally demonstrate ICLAS using THz QCLs for the first time. This demonstration will utilize the relevant low-vapor pressure explosive TNT. In addition, sensitivity limits will be determined for a range of other customer-identified compounds. The Phase I option will produce a detailed design for field-deployable prototype threat sensor to be prototyped in Phase II. A feature of the effort is that feasibility will be supported by original terahertz spectroscopic measurements on threat vapors, many for the first time.

BOSTON APPLIED TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 6F Gill Street Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-2800 Kewen Kevin Li ARMY 08-076 Awarded: 11/12/2008
Title:	Nano-composite Semiconductor Lasers
Abstract:	Polycrystalline ceramics as laser gain hosts have several remarkable advantages over single crystal ones. For example, they can house a higher doping concentration, are much easier to be fabricated into larger and more complex shapes, which is extremely difficult in the crystal case. The costs of the ceramic laser materials could be much lower than those of single crystals because of the shortened fabrication process and large size, mass production. Boston Applied Technologies Incorporated (BATi) proposes to develop highly desired high power semiconductor nano-composite laser via a safe, low-cost and reliable chemical solution nano-powder preparation route and hot-press densification process with our extensive experience and unique fabrication techniques. The modified solvothermal route will enable the synthesis of nano-composite powders with uniform sizes and low impurities, which are crucial for realizing a transparent ceramic semiconductor laser gain medium.

PHOTONICS INNOVATIONS, INC. 1500 1st Avenue North, Suite L108 Birmingham, AL 35203
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(205) 934-3147 Gary Grimes ARMY 08-076 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	Nano-composite Semiconductor Lasers
Abstract:	During Phase I, en-route to the development of eye-safe solid state ceramic lasers with enhanced thermal management capabilities, Photonics Innovations, Inc in collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham will fabricate and characterize nano-scale powders of a wide bandgap semiconductors Er3+:GaN and Cr2+:ZnS. Micro-nano-scale powder doping with rare-earth Er or Cr ions will be performed either in situ during the powder synthesis process, via post-synthesis thermo-diffusion of dopants into the powder, or by laser ablation of doped crystals. Micro-nano-scale powders will be further reduced into nano-scale by means of mechanical grinding and laser ablation in liquid and gaseous environments. XRD, TEM, and near-field fluorescence imaging characterization will be performed to verify sub- micron size of the powders, uniform particle distribution, and low concentration of unwanted impurity. It will be followed by photo-luminescence (PL), PL kinetic spectroscopy, and gain-switched random lasing experiments overall demonstrating efficient near and mid-IR PL of developed powders. Technical pathways leading to further consolidation of the powders into transparent laser grade ceramic will be also formulated.

NITEK, INC. 1804 Salem Church Road Irmo, SC 29063
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(803) 777-0710 Vinod Adivarahan ARMY 08-077 Awarded: 12/5/2008
Title:	Large Area, High Power, Vertically Conducting Deep UV LEDs
Abstract:	Nitek Inc. proposes to develop deep ultraviolet light emitting diodes having high quantum efficiency, long device lifetime, and large emission area to make usable for force protection objectives of bio-agent threat detection and maneuver sustainment objectives of potable water. The advancements in deep UV LEDs will be achieved by developing a novel vertically conducting geometry. In addition to the inherent advantages that are gained by developing a vertically conducting LED compared with conventional laterally conducting devices, Nitek proposes several advances to these devices that will allow them to meet the challenging technical goals that are required for large scale commercial acceptance of these devices. These include development of thick n-AlGaN base templates, backside device heatsink deposition, enhanced light extraction through surface modification, and short-pass filter deposition to reduce the deep level emission from the deep UV LEDs.

SENSOR ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY, INC. 1195 Atlas Road Columbia, SC 29209
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(803) 647-9757 Jinwei Yang ARMY 08-077 Awarded: 11/12/2008
Title:	High Power AlInGaN-Based Deep Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes
Abstract:	Two complementary approaches to develop next generation of large area, high-efficiency and high-power deep ultraviolet light emitting diodes (DUV LED) are being proposed. Firstly, due to the lack of adequate quality native substrates, DUV LEDs are made from heteroepitaxial AlGaN films grown on foreign substrates and thus suffer from high- density of crystal defects. Large concentration of defects reduces deep UV LEDs� efficiency, reliability and lifetime. Furthermore, poor conductivity of n-AlGaN causes current crowding problem for conventional square geometry LED design, which limits the device output power. We propose to develop large area, single-chip monolithic array DUV LEDs fabricated using low defect density AlGaN templates deposited over patterned sapphire substrates. Secondly, to enhance the external efficiency and power handling capability of DUV LEDs, we propose to develop vertical geometry devices using laser- assisted removal of sapphire substrate and fabrication of 2D photonic crystal using anodized Al technology.

AGILTRON CORP. 15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Geoffrey Burnham ARMY 08-078 Awarded: 11/4/2008
Title:	Multi-differential Optical Trigger Detection Lidar
Abstract:	Agiltron proposes a new multi-differential laser radar (MDLIDAR) optical trigger detection system. The design innovatively implements multiple stages of both optical hardware and image processing firmware filtering to reject background noise and clutter. The incorporated technologies include differentiations in polarization, spectra, time-domain, and space to achieve unsurpassed high detection sensitivity and low fault rate to detect and locate electro-optical (EO) devices. The MDLIDAR is upgraded from the Agiltron developed and demonstrated Dual Source Enemy Identification and Negation Lidar that detects the optical sensor, imaging optics and human eyes. The MDLIDAR expands the detection capability to include regular optics used in Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) active and passive infrared EO systems. The design is based on detecting a unique set of optical features of optical sensors that almost no environmental objects have all the properties although a few may be similar in one or two aspects. This system holds the promise of high sensitivity, large surveillance area, low cost, high reliability and the capability of differentiating EO devices from other possible strong scattering objects. The Phase I effort will conduct a proof-of-principle demonstration of this advanced technology and in Phase II will produce a full specification compliant working prototype.

Physical Optics Corporation Electro-Optics Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Alexander Khaydarov ARMY 08-078 Awarded: 2/10/2009
Title:	Detector and Locator of Booby Trap Optical Triggers
Abstract:	To address the Army need in optical countermeasures for detecting, locating, and identifying infrared COTS and other electro-optical devices used as optical triggering mechanisms for improvised explosive devices (IEDs), optical trip wires, and booby traps, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Detector and Locator of Booby Trap Optical Triggers (DALBOT). The proposed device is based on a high- sensitivity optical detector subsystem that detects and decodes triggering IR radiation signals, and a stabilized optical locator subsystem with eye-safe laser, scanning, and retro-reflection detection. The innovations in DALBOT design allows detection and localization of those COTS IR triggers for mitigation of the threat of the IED triggers at distances of 10-100 m with accuracy better than 15 cm. In Phase I, POC will analyze optical beam characteristics of the optical threat (emitting power, beam divergence/field of view, and pulse parameters of COTS devices) and demonstrate the feasibility of DALBOT by simulation of the entire system design along with experimental testing of optical receiver and laser locator subsystems. In Phase II, POC plans to develop and build a complete prototype of DALBOT detector of COTS IED triggers.

INFORMATION SYSTEMS LABORATORIES, INC. 10070 Barnes Canyon Road San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 269-3610 David Kirk ARMY 08-079 Awarded: 11/19/2008
Title:	Precision Extraction and Characterization of Lines of Communication from Moving Target Indicator (MTI) Data
Abstract:	Identified battlespace lines of communication (LOC) provide crucial knowledge of a surveilled environment, assisting in troop placement and maneuvering, communication network characterization, and intelligence regarding enemy movement. LOC mapping is difficult in areas with treacherous terrain conditions or limited data availability. As MTI sensors enable persistent surveillance, provide accurate geolocation of moving targets that traverse LOCs, and have foliage-penetrating capabilities useful in observing LOCs in forrested areas, it is the objective of this effort to create a solution to LOC extraction and characterization needs using MTI data products.

TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP. 1900 S. Sepulveda Blvd Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90025
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(203) 268-1249 Allan Corbeil ARMY 08-079 Awarded: 10/28/2008
Title:	Precision Extraction and Characterization of Lines of Communication from Moving Target Indicator (MTI) Data
Abstract:	Extracting Lines of Communication (LOCs) is crucial for mission planning and target interdiction. LOCs consist of unmapped foot trails, dirt roads and rivers / streams in some areas where U.S. forces operate. Forested areas are a particular challenge because optical sensors cannot penetrate foliage. New GMTI radars including FORESTER, ARTEMIS and VADER offer a potential means of extracting LOCs and providing updates as routes change. In Phase I, TSC will extend promising line-fitting algorithms that account for both range and cross-range measurement uncertainy. TSC will also investigate innovative techniques to combine data from multiple collections and to identify the most accurate set of data for input to line-fitting algorithms. In the Base effort, TSC will focus on the challenging problem of extracting trails in forested areas. In the Option, TSC will adapt these techniques to extract roads using the detections of vehicles by higher frequency radars including VADER, AACER, Lynx and/or Joint STARS. In Phase II, TSC will further mature the techniques and test them on collected FORESTER data, as available. TSC will then implement the algorithms in the Army�s SIL for validation testing. In Phase III, TSC will transition the algorithms into DCGS or custom GMTI radar exploitation workstation.

ARTISAN LABORATORIES CORP. 530 West Butler Ave. Suite 110 Chalfont, PA 18914
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 997-8161 Arthur Paolella ARMY 08-080 Awarded: 10/30/2008
Title:	High Performance RF Over Fiber Link for Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Platforms
Abstract:	Artisan Laboratories Corporation proposes to develop high density, high performance RF over fiber technology. Artisan�s approach to the technology is to design for high efficiency and high volume production that saves size, weight and power plus cooling by taking advantage of advanced modulation, transmission and packaging techniques. Artisan has developed highly efficient RF over fiber links and has successfully flown systems in an avionics environment. The Artisan Phase I effort will include requirements definition and a trade-off analysis that will lead to a design capable of reaching the ISR specifications. The trade-off analysis will address packaging concepts, flight design and modulation techniques. Artisan Laboratories Corporation has experience and success in transitioning research and development into commercial RF / optical products. Our proposal will reflect our strong commitment to commercialization of our research and development. The goal of the project is to produce low cost, high isolation optical circuits for military ISR systems that have the potential to reduce size, weight and power consumption.

PHARAD LLC 797 Cromwell Park Drive, Suite V Glen Burnie, MD 21061
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 590-3333 Dalma Novak ARMY 08-080 Awarded: 11/3/2008
Title:	Radio Frequency Over Fiber in Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Platforms
Abstract:	In this Phase I effort Pharad will investigate, develop and demonstrate photonic technologies to realize a high performance airborne fiber optic RF distribution (RFD) system for ISR aircraft that will lead to substantial reductions in SWaP (size, weight, and power) requirements. Photonic technology offers the potential for providing new capabilities, and significant performance improvements to a variety of microwave systems. Upgrading to a fiber optic harness for the distribution of RF signals in airborne platforms will offer a number of benefits over coaxial cables, including significantly reduced cabling size, weight and bend radius; low loss over a wide RF bandwidth; and improved signal isolation. During Phase I we will carry out a study of potential approaches for the distribution, routing and switching of RF signals over fiber. Our survey will establish the maturity of the various technologies and their suitability to the airborne RFD system. We will then develop a design for a photonics-based RF distribution system that meets all the performance requirements. Our Phase I Option effort is a Phase II Risk Reduction activity, in which we will carry out a detailed design analysis of our Phase I RFD system architecture that will demonstrate the performance of our solution.

XADAIR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 4438 Chippewa Dr Jacksonville, FL 32210
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(904) 389-1789 John T. Gallo ARMY 08-080 Awarded: 12/4/2008
Title:	Investigation of Fiber Optic RF Links for Airborne ISR Platforms
Abstract:	This proposal describes XTI�s plan for evaluating optical technologies and fielded fiber optic RF links (FORL) in airborne ISR platforms to design new FORL systems capable of meeting RF performance requirements of systems on a next generation airborne ISR aircraft. XTI will evaluate FORL systems using conventional and advanced techniques employing state-of-the-art (SOTA) components. RF performance will be modeled and predicted over broadband and narrowband portions of the 10 MHz to 30 GHz frequency range. Consideration will be given to these configurations� technical maturity as measured by Technical Readiness Level (TRL), SWAP and cost. XTI will perform a trade study to select the best configuration or configurations to meet a minimum spur-free dynamic range (SFDR) performance of 80 dB in a 1 MHz bandwidth. The final design or designs will be documented in a source control drawing (SCD) and individual component specifications will be drawn. A master test plan (MTP) and test methodology will be prepared to assure adequate exercise of the preliminary design. The testing program will focus on evaluating the demonstration hardware in as close to a �deployed� configuration as possible. Actual construction and demonstration of the preliminary design will be undertaken in a follow-on Phase II program

21ST CENTURY SYSTEMS, INC. 6825 Pine Street, Suite 141 Omaha, NE 68106
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 954-6049 Amber Fischer ARMY 08-081 Awarded: 10/23/2008
Title:	Transmission Surveillance (TRANSURV) System
Abstract:	The potential of cell phone use in asymmetric operations against coalition forces has grown exponentially and has expanded well beyond the now-familiar IED detonators. The ubiquitous cell phone is the easiest way for insurgents to communicate in order to coordinate attacks and reconnoiter facilities. A proper force protection plan will address this threat. The team of 21st Century Systems Incorporated (21CSI) and Missouri University of Science and Technology is pleased to propose to address this challenge with a counter surveillance concept called TRANSURV. This transmission surveillance tool is the synergistic pairing of RF DF equipment and video cameras to provide persistent perimeter surveillance without incurring a large manpower footprint. The RF sensors are used to cue the video cameras (slew-to-cue) which will slew to the direction indicated. Utilizing advanced video analytics, the scene will be analyzed for human presence and the operator notified with an alert and a recommended course of action. More than just a surveillance system, TRANSURV is decision support that enhances situational awareness and security. And, with 21CSI�s extensive experience in decision support, service oriented architectures and video analytic technologies, and MST�s expertise in RF detection, this team is the most qualified for this research.

TOYON RESEARCH CORP. 6800 Cortona Drive Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Richard E. Cagley ARMY 08-081 Awarded: 12/2/2008
Title:	Persistent Multi-Intelligence Perimeter Sensing
Abstract:	Imagery is a powerful tool for enhancing situational awareness. If operating personnel can see potential enemies well in advance of them being an active threat, there is time to mount a coordinated response. Imagery is particularly useful as it is an excellent sensor for classifying not only types of targets, but even their intent. While imagery is very useful for perimeter security, particularly infrared, it carries with it costs in terms of not only equipment but also operator hours for managing the resulting data. This solicitation, and our proposed solution, attempts to overcome these challenges by pairing a low-cost radio frequency (RF) direction finding (DF) system based on time difference of arrival (TDOA) with automated image processing. The DF system will provide an initial cue for the secondary imaging sensor with automated image processing. Such a concept reduces the number of cameras required for a particular installation as well as the operator load and data communications bandwidth of the cameras themselves. Toyon�s proposed solution leverages many years of experience in wireless communications, namely multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and software defined radio (SDR) systems. Our solution also features high confidence detection and track confirmation video analytics.

MODUS OPERANDI, INC. 122 Fourth Avenue Indialantic, FL 32903
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 984-3370 Richard Hull ARMY 08-082 Awarded: 11/4/2008
Title:	JC3-TIME: Event and Temporal Reasoning Ontology
Abstract:	Modus Operandi proposes the development of JC3-TIME, an ontology and innovative framework for representing and extracting temporal/event information and temporal reasoning that support intelligence analysis through event correlation and all source fusion in operational (large scale) settings. Identification of patterns in the enemy�s behavior is critical to disrupting his activities. Intelligence analysts are currently swamped with information from a wide variety of sources, but this abundance of information hasn�t paid off to its fullest extent because of the tremendous amount of manual (human) processing required to analyze it. Research in information extraction from natural language texts can greatly reduce this manual effort by automatically extracting descriptions of militarily-significant events and their temporal features from intelligence data. Furthermore, if the event descriptions are stored within a semantic model, i.e., ontology, then machine reasoning algorithms can be applied to generate the implicit event relationships currently requiring human effort. This capability will significantly reduce manual processing of intelligence that currently plagues Army analysts.

POTOMAC FUSION 4460 Brookfield Corporate Drive Suite H Chantilly, VA 20151
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 243-8864 Alfred Reich ARMY 08-082 Awarded: 11/22/2008
Title:	Event and Temporal Reasoning Ontology
Abstract:	This research will develop a general ontology of time and associated algorithms for performing inferences on temporal data that conforms to the ontology. We intend to start with the temporal constructs currently contained in the JC3IEDM and propose extensions to them that facilitate temporal reasoning about actions and events over time. We will express the JC3IEDM temporal constructs and their extensions using the Web Ontology Language (OWL). Our ontology is expected to include an exact representation of dates and times that is compatible with efficient calendric calculations. It will also contain abstract temporal constructs that represent time points, intervals, and durations. These constructs will be allowed to exist within several different structures of time, including: linear time, left-branching time (for diagnostic analyses), and right-branching time (for predictive analyses). Our temporal ontology development will leverage the existing JC3IEDM implementation contained in the I2WD Fusion Exploitation Framework (FEF) developed by PFI. We also propose the development of a software prototype � the Temporal Constraint Reasoning Engine (TCRE). The TCRE will make use of the FEF specific and general fusion APIs to demonstrate how advanced temporal constraint processing can be used to perform multi-sensor fusion.

ASPEN SYSTEMS, INC. 184 Cedar Hill Street Marlborough, MA 01752
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 281-5322 Glenn Deming ARMY 08-083 Awarded: 11/17/2008
Title:	Modular Transit Case Cooler
Abstract:	Aspen Systems proposes to develop a modular cooling system for mobile electronics applications. This system will be highly adaptable and have the capability to maintain lower than ambient temperatures in mobile and stationary electronics enclosures that are deployed to hot desert environments. While maintaining these low operating temperatures, the electronics systems will be completely sealed against dirt rain and dust so that MIL STD-810F environmental requirements can be met. Features include a high degree of modularity, enabling the rapid fabrication and fielding of cooling systems that are tailored to system requirements without non recurring engineering costs. The major benefit to the warfighter is the ability to utilize very high performance Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) electronics with out jeopardizing system life due to thermal overload of sensitive electronics. The system will be designed for minimum power consumption, minimum weight, maximum efficiency, and high modularity. With small size and high cooling power, multiple units can be used in the same enclosure to match the cooling requirements against the thermal load in the system. It is anticipated that the system will be fully tested at the conclusion of Phase I, and ready for production at the conclusion of Phase II.

MAINSTREAM ENGINEERING CORP. 200 Yellow Place Pines Industrial Center Rockledge, FL 32955
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 631-3550 Gregory S. Cole ARMY 08-083 Awarded: 10/29/2008
Title:	Demonstration of a Modular Reconfigurable Thermal Management System for SIGINT/EW Power Electronics
Abstract:	As Army signal intelligence (SIGINT) and electronic warfare (EW) continue to evolve, significant improvements in thermal technologies at the device level have provided higher heat flux dissipation. System integrators are hesitant to utilize these advanced cooling technologies because they require customized system-level thermal management solutions. Mainstream proposes a modular reconfigurable thermal management system (MR-TMS) that can acquire heat from both air-cooled and liquid-cooled SIGINT/EW components. It is expandable to satisfy future phase-change-cooled electronics. The concept is applicable to both open-frame rack-mount systems and environmentally-sealed enclosures. The system can reject heat to vehicle air or be integrated with the vehicle cooling system. In Phase I, Mainstream will design four modular cooling units and fabricate one cooling module for an environmentally-sealed enclosure. System demonstrations will be performed with representative loads for existing air-cooled, existing liquid-cooled, and future phase-change-cooled modules. In the Phase I Option, Mainstream will fabricate two additional cooling modules and demonstrate the ability of the TMS to be reconfigured. In Phase II, Mainstream will further optimize the cooling system and deliver a production-version system. The production-version system will proceed directly to Mil-Std First Article Tests (FAT) in Phase III without any additional development or �tool up� funds.

ROCKY RESEARCH 1598 Foothill Dr PO Box 61800 Boulder City, NV 89006
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(702) 293-0851 Paul Sarkisian ARMY 08-083 Awarded: 11/20/2008
Title:	Universal, Modular Electronics Cooler
Abstract:	Proposed is the development of a Universal Modular Electronics Cooler for the Army that is applicable to cooling of high density electronics components used in Signals Intelligence and Electronics Warfare. The proposed cooler will include a variable capacity vapor compression system with variable or fixed air flow as per load requirements. The performance of the high efficiency cycle will be enhanced by the use of advanced variable speed drive and pulsating thermal expansion valve technologies. The control system will allow load tracking without the use of remote sensors and will have a self explanatory user interface. The cooler will operate at all relevant military supplied DC and AC voltages. The result will be a product that has more robust performance, dramatically smaller volume and lighter weight than competing technologies while attaining wide- ranging applicability.

FIRST RF CORPOR 4865 Sterling Drive Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 449-5211 Farzin Lalezari ARMY 08-084 Awarded: 2/25/2009
Title:	High Isolation Transmit/Receive Antennas for Advanced Electronic Warfare (EW) and Communications Applications
Abstract:	As modern battlefield scenarios require increasingly greater radio frequency (RF) capabilities from US Army ground vehicles, there is a corresponding requirement to develop antenna systems that ensure the mutual interoperability of these functions. Currently, there is an urgent requirement to address this challenge for two essential RF capabilities: communications and electronic warfare (EW). Communications systems operate at low power levels, and with high sensitivities for both transmit and receive functions. EW systems have comparable sensitivity requirements in their receive modes, but require very high power levels in their transmit modes to perform their intended function. Because of the sensitivities of the two systems, their simultaneous operation in close proximity is a significant challenge that is not being adequately addressed in current systems. Accordingly, it is essential to develop antenna systems that provide high levels of isolation between communications and EW systems without compromising their sensitivity or performance. Many communications functions have their own antennas that are used on many US Army platforms. The focus of this program is in the development of a new antenna system for EW applications that provides the desired isolation with communications systems antennas, but maintains or extends the key performance characteristics of existing EW antennas.

JEM ENGINEERING, LLC 8683 Cherry Lane Laurel, MD 20707
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 317-1070 Bing Foo ARMY 08-084 Awarded: 1/22/2009
Title:	High Isolation Transmit/Receive Antenna System
Abstract:	Research is proposed to investigate the feasibility of a high-isolation transmit/receive antenna system for Army land vehicles, using an innovative, circuit-domain, distributed, RF-passive cancellation system with active feedback control. Conventional time- and frequency-domain cancellation approaches have inherently-narrow cancellation bandwidths due to applying amplitude and phase adjustments or fixed time delays to sampled signals, and often require electronics of prohibitively high cost. Spatial nulling approaches also suffer from bandwidth restrictions, in addition to their need for expensive RF circuitry, and their inability to cancel interference that has undergone spatial spreading, as would be caused by multi-path scattering on an Army vehicle. The proposed circuit-domain approach removes the cancellation bandwidth limitation by using variable true-time-delay lines and level controls. The proposed system uses wideband components to achieve the required, very wide operating frequency range of 20MHz to 6GHz, and can be built at low cost. The system features real-time optimization, with the ability to adjust cancellation settings in microseconds. Proof of feasibility will be assessed against a minimum cancellation threshold of 50dB.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Information Technologies Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Davis Tran ARMY 08-084 Awarded: 11/4/2008
Title:	High Isolation Transmit and Receive Antennas for Advanced Electronic Warfare and Communications Applications
Abstract:	To address the U.S. Army need for a high-isolation antenna for advanced electronic warfare and communications, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new High-Isolation Transmit/Receive Antenna (HITRA) system based on an innovative broadband antenna array with an operating frequency from 20 MHz to 8 GHz, an RF quarter-wavelength filter covering bandwidths up to 8 GHz at -3 dB, and an RF high- isolation package. The HITRA system will provide high transmitted power up to 100 watts for long periods of time and operate in a broadband of 20 MHz to 8 GHz with >70 dB isolation. The novel design of a multilayer antenna and multilayer microwave foam absorbers provide wideband and isolation performance to satisfy Army requirements. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the high isolation of the HITRA system through computer analysis/simulation, construction and near-field testing of a laboratory prototype with a network analyzer, and antenna chamber testing. In Phase II we plan to develop and build a full HITRA system prototype and test it in a realistic environment to meet Army requirements.

INTEGRATED TRAINING SOLUTIONS 2805 Lower Moncure Road Sanford, NC 27330
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 248-9222 William P. Rivers ARMY 08-085 Awarded: 12/12/2008
Title:	Recognition of Non-Native Speakers
Abstract:	Integrated Training Solutions, Inc., proposes a Phase I SBIR project to determine the feasibility of integrating computational sociolinguistics, social theory, and machine translation technology for a standalone, state of the art system to assist in the determination of native speaker status and potential native language of a speaker. The Sociolinguistic Identification and Rapid Extraction of Native Speaker Status (SIRENSS) technology rapidly ascertains whether an individual is a native language speaker or a foreign language speaker of another language. The SIRENSS technology consists of data elements and software which can rapidly extract information from speech and compare it to data elements correlating with native linguistic performance . The SIRENSS, when operated by human(s) in the loop, becomes a system that takes recorded or live speech and extracts phonological indicators of language (accent) and culture. These indicators are compared against the data elements in question. Each indicator will be marked as either matching or not matching the data elements to which it corresponds. When this process is complete, the system will compare the results to the criteria for native speaker status and provide a numerical indication of the probability of that individual being a native speaker of the language of interest.

LI CREATIVE TECHNOLOGIES 30 A Vreeland Road, Suite 130 Florham Park, NJ 07932
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(973) 822-0048 Qi (Peter) Li ARMY 08-085 Awarded: 1/22/2009
Title:	Recognition of Non-Native Speakers
Abstract:	We propose a novel and promising non-native speaker recognition system by using both high-level language cues and low-level acoustic accent cues. The system consists of a high-level language cue based sub-system and four accent recognition based sub- systems. Each sub-system can be used individually or together via system fusion. The novelty and uniqueness of our proposed approach are as follows: First, it utilizes both high-level language cues and low-level accent cues, which will largely improve the robustness; Second, it employs a new concept of accent signature, that is to be learned in a completely data-driven fashion, which guarantees portability across different accents; Third, it applies various system fusion approaches which guarantees improved overall performance.

ImSAR LLC 510 W 90 S Salem, UT 84653
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(801) 769-0003 Logan Harris ARMY 08-086 Awarded: 2/5/2009
Title:	Deeply Integrated GMTI Radar/EO/Laser Payload for MAV
Abstract:	A major problem faced by our warfighters utilizing a Micro Air Vehicle is its limited capability to sense combatants under non-optimal environmental conditions. The other issue is that once a combatant is identified the warfighter must personally engage the combatant exposing the warfighter to enemy fighter. The main obstacle of providing a full sensor payload package on a MAV is that the entire sensing payload has to weigh in the order of 1.5 pounds and has to fit in the turret and payload bay. The only way to accomplish this feat is to deeply integrate the payload. ImSAR, the developer of the world�s smallest SAR, and Aerius Photonics, the creator of the world�s smallest laser range finder, have partnered for this project to deeply integrate the GMTI radar, camera and laser system on as many levels as possible. To quickly push the limits of how far can current technology go ImSAR/Aerius will go beyond modeling and simulation create a prototype payload package that combines GMTI radar, EO camera and laser range finder in a package that weighs less than two and half pounds.

EIGENT TECHNOLOGIES 10 Cindy Lane Holmdel, NJ 07733
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 673-0402 Robert Warner ARMY 08-087 Awarded: 11/18/2008
Title:	Dismounted Combat Identification
Abstract:	In a complex theater of operations there is a need to track soldiers� positions to keep them out of harms way. A secure, innovative dismounted identification system that will identify dismounted personnel at tactically significant ranges (1,200 meters or more), such as a long-range RFID interrogator and transponder system, is required to verify the actual location of soldiers, and precisely track them as them move around. This must be accomplished without providing targeting information and exposing tactical locations or logistics information to unfriendly forces. The ideal system must be vanishingly small and should not weigh more than two ounces. The soldier transponder needs to be woven into or placed on the soldier�s uniform, and difficult to detect with the naked eye. Similarly, the interrogator requires minimum size, weight, power consumption and recurring cost. The system, in general, needs to take into account human factors.

TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP. 1900 S. Sepulveda Blvd Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90025
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 954-2200 Charles A. Shipley ARMY 08-087 Awarded: 1/9/2009
Title:	VERIFI; A Dismounted Combat Identification System
Abstract:	TSC has proposed a combat dismount wearable passive device that can be interrogated at a distance by an operational radar to identify and locate friendlies in environments including all weather, darkness, and forested conditions. The device will have omni- directional high backscatter gain for the modulated return signal and will have a very low power demand so that it can be operated on small batteries with long lifetime.

PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP. 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 368-6107 Gary Sikora ARMY 08-088 Awarded: 10/30/2008
Title:	Command and Control Translation System in a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)
Abstract:	Our approach is an Open Architecture (OA) Universal Language Translator (ULT), a C2 translation system to be used by embedded coalition forces and takes full advantage of the benefits of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). Combining translation software for free text and transliteration software for conversion of place names, geographic locations, and military symbols provides a sound framework for a ULT in an SOA environment. This OA approach that isolates translation engines from the service interfaces provides an application independent solution. We offer a solution that leverages mature, industry-standard translation capabilities, as well as cutting-edge modular transliteration capabilities. We are teaming with SYSTRAN, the software that powers Yahoo!�s translation site, to provide a ULT solution. Our approach provides a best of breed approach by isolating translation software from external interfaces, allowing for seamless integration of translation products. Transliterating place names and military symbols can be accomplished by leveraging our eXtensible Transliteration Framework�s Web Services, built for the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency�s GeoNames Server. Combining these technologies and prototype adaptations with trade studies to identify candidate Army Battle Command Systems (ABCS) provides a framework for efficient, secure, and reliable data translation, providing today�s warfighter confidence and preparation for working with foreign military personnel.

REP INVARIANT SYSTEMS, INC. 23 Upland Rd. #2 Cambridge, MA 02140
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 233-6109 Jeremy H. Brown ARMY 08-088 Awarded: 12/18/2008
Title:	Command and Control Translation System in a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Framework
Abstract:	We propose a design for adding "universal translation" capabilities to Army Battle Command System (ABCS) 6.4 in order to support use by Embedded Coalition Forces (ECFs). Our design employs Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) principles to solve four key problems: text localization, graphics localization, free-text translation, and security. We rely primarily on COTS software solutions, adding only one full-custom software service. We exploit key properties of ABCS 6.4 to add ECF-facing services without modifying already-fielded ABCS software. In Phase I, we propose to select a few specific ABCS functions, study the success of the proposed design in providing those functions to ECFs, and iteratively refine the design in response to analysis.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-4620 Tuna Guven ARMY 08-089 Awarded: 11/28/2008
Title:	Multi-Agent based Middleware Framework for QoS Traffic Management
Abstract:	We present a hardware, vendor and platform independent management framework providing Quality of Service (QoS) in coordination with the management policies. The proposed architecture is a unifying framework applicable across all organizations with diverse capabilities and constraints. This is achieved by capitalizing the synergies that arise within the integration of the Web Services Management (WSM) technologies and the Multi-agents Systems (MAS) for the specific goal of coordinated QoS traffic management. Specifically, the managed resources are first described and offered directly by resource access interfaces under the web services management platform. Hence, the resources are transformed into managed web services that can participate directly in service oriented architecture (SOA). However, WSM technologies do not specify the exact management mechanisms about how the web services can be managed. We provide this required intelligence needed for the effective management of web services by making use of multi-agent systems as MAS enable intelligent operations, interactions, coordination and cooperation between autonomous components.

LINQUEST CORP. 6701 Center Drive West Suite 425 Los Angeles, CA 90045
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 704-2764 Naveen Reddy ARMY 08-089 Awarded: 11/4/2008
Title:	Quality of Service Traffic Manager
Abstract:	SBIR topic ARMY 08-089 addresses the development of a Quality of Service Traffic Manager (QTM) to bridge the gap between applications, services and network configuration components. The QTM is to provide the capability to actively change QoS policies and packet priorities across the network based on characteristics of the transmitted packets and mission priorities

REFERENTIA SYSTEMS, INC. 550 Paiea Street Suite #236 Honolulu, HI 96819
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 423-1900 John Smith ARMY 08-089 Awarded: 11/28/2008
Title:	Quality of Service Traffic Manager
Abstract:	The Quality of Service Traffic Manager (QTM) software tool provides ability to actively change QoS policies and packet priorities based on characteristics of transmitted packets or priorities imposed by Commanders. QTM bridges the communication gap between applications, services, and network configuration components. The QTM technical approach leverages Referentia�s Smart Data Flow (SDF) software based QoS monitoring and policy configuration management tool for Cisco routers and switches. SDF�s capability to configure QoS, manage routing layer, provide visibility into network flow, and send synthetic traffic between Cisco routers to measure traffic conditions will be integrated into QTM. QTM development risk benefits from SDF�s QoS and NetFlow capabilities that are at TRL 7. SDF will be upgraded to expand network device support beyond Cisco to include bandwidth appliances found in WIN-T. Furthermore, SDF�s built-in QoS capabilities will include webservices and application control to meet the QTM requirements. The webservices API will determine message destination and bandwidth conditions (i.e. bandwidth, jitter, latency, and loss). During congestion events, QTM notifies applications to automatically throttle traffic based on priority levels corresponding to the commander�s intent. This solution meets the pressing need for efficient battlefield utilization, optimal data throughput, on-the-move critical information exchange, and rapid infrastructure modernization.

EnerG2 810 3rd Avenue Suite 120 Seattle, WA 98104
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(206) 679-2671 Aaron Feaver ARMY 08-090 Awarded: 12/22/2008
Title:	High Performance Electrochemical Capacitor Using N
Abstract:	In this research, EnerG2 will optimize its sol-gel derived carbon nanomaterials to produce dramatic new breakthroughs in electrode materials for advanced ultracapacitor electrodes. The company�s technology has the potential to double the energy density and triple the power performance of current ultracapacitor energy storage devices. With 1,000X the cycle life of batteries, and 100X the charge/discharge rate, ultracapacitors show great promise as energy storage devices for Soldier Power and other developing Army systems. EnerG2 will engineer our carbon precursor at the molecular level to optimize surface area and surface structure to match the ion sizes of high performing electrolytes, which will lead to energy and power densities currently not available in the industry. In addition, the synthetic nature of EnerG2�s precursors enables near-perfect carbon electrode purity. A truly pure carbon electrode will significantly reduce the risk of electrolytic breakdown at normal operating voltages. This mitigation technique will facilitate higher device operating voltages, which results in even higher energy and power density; both metrics increase with the square of device voltage. EnerG2�s process is a low-cost bulk chemical synthesis that easily scales and has already demonstrated great commercial potential.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 483-4200 Brian Holloway ARMY 08-090 Awarded: 12/2/2008
Title:	Carbon Nanosheet-Based Ultra-Capacitors for Energy Storage
Abstract:	Using its novel carbon nanosheet technology, Luna Innovations will develop an ultra- capacitor with with >50 Wh/kg, and <30 kW/kg and an expanded (-30 to +50 C) operating temperature range. Nanosheets are similar to chemically vapor deposited nanotubes vertically aligned off a substrate. However, nanosheets offer an open, two-dimensional, planar nanostructure rather than a closed cylindrical tubular structure. In almost every metric, nanosheets offer potential advantages over nanotube or activated carbon electrodes. Use of nanosheets in place of nanotubes in ultra-capacitors could increase surface area, increase the amount of surface area available through >0.2 nm pores, and decrease the complexity and processing steps needed to create the electrodes thereby increasing the energy storage density, response time, and overall performance of the capacitors produced. Preliminary testing of a nanosheet capacitor has already demonstrated the validity of Luna�s approach.

MAXPOWER, INC. 141 Christopher Lane Harleysville, PA 19438
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 256-4575 Benjamin Meyer ARMY 08-090 Awarded: 11/25/2008
Title:	High Performance Electrochemical Capacitor Using Nanomaterials for Electrodes.
Abstract:	MaxPower's overall goal of the Phase I program is to use electrospinning technology to produce carbon nanofibers for ultracapacitor applications. These fibers will be subjected to subsequesnt processing to enhance their electrochemical performance and then coated onto foil to form composite electrodes. The composite electrodes will be used to fabricate prototype ultra-capacitors that are capable of delivering 10 Wh/kg energy density and 34 kw/kg power density while meeting the specified military temperature range.

AMERICAN LITHIUM ENERGY 935 Bailey Court Unit 106 San Marcos, CA 92069
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 591-0611 Jiang Fan ARMY 08-091 Awarded: 12/18/2008
Title:	Superior High Energy Density and High Rate Rechargeable Lithium ion Battery for Army applications
Abstract:	This proposal describes a superior high-energy density and high-rate, rechargeable, 18650-size cell for Army applications based on a novel, ultrasafe, high-energy, low cost nano-cathode material that is capable of fast recharges and high-rate discharging. The cell also incorporates a new nano-anode material to increase the energy density for both high rates discharging and charging. The unique combination of nano-cathode and nano- anode materials provides exceptionally high-rate capability (>95% of rated capacity at 10 A continuous discharging) and allow conventional electronic circuits to be used for state- of-charge estimation. These characteristics make the cells especially well-suited for the smart, lithium-ion, rechargeable BB-2590 battery. The work proposed here will lead to cells that are a drop-in replacement for cells currently used in the BB-2590 and will lower cost, provide improved safety, and increase rate capability so that fewer BB-2590 packs can be used in applications such as Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) which requires very high power during firing the missile.

K2 ENERGY SOLUTIONS, INC. 1125 American Pacific Drive, Suite C Henderson, NV 89074
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(702) 478-3601 James D. Hodge ARMY 08-091 Awarded: 12/16/2008
Title:	Superior High Energy Density and High Rate Rechargeable Lithium ion Battery for Army applications
Abstract:	K2 Energy Solutions is currently manufacturing and selliing the highest energy density lithium iron phosphate batteries on the market today. K2 produces cells in both 18650 and 26650 formats with versions that optimize the cell for either maximum capacity or maximum power output. In addition, the company possesses design tools that enable us to tailor a cell�s performance for the requirements of a specific application. K2 will utilize these design tools to design and fabricate a high rate, high energy 18650 format cell capable of meeting the Army�s very high discharge rate applications.

LITHCHEM INTERNATIONAL 1830 Columbia Avenue Folcroft, PA 19032
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 522-5960 Joseph Kejha ARMY 08-091 Awarded: 12/1/2008
Title:	Superior High Energy Density and High Rate Rechargeable Lithium ion Battery for Army applications
Abstract:	LithChem Energy (LCE) will develop a new ultrasafe rechargeable lithium-ion cell/battery which has higher recharge rate (>C/3 rate), higher energy density (>165 Wh/kg), higher discharge rate (>6C rate) and with the maximum operating voltage of 4.8 V. This new cell will be the building block for the new all-American cell and battery for the BB2590 Warfighter battery increasing performance and decreasing weight. This lithium-ion cell/battery will be based on at least one novel cathode material which has not been used for lithium-ion batteries coupled with nano range carbon for the anode. The gain in energy density results from this novel high capacity cathode material (150 Ah/g) and the increase in cell operating voltage from 3.7 V for standard lithium cobaltate lithium-ion cells to 4.8 V for this new cell. The gain in recharge rate (>C/3) and in discharge rate (>6 C) results from the use of nano cathode and anode materials. LCE has already developed the novel protective coating for the new cathode materials and will develop the higher voltage electrolyte (4.8 V) for stable recharge/ discharge cycling. It will also exceed all of the proposed requirements for the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) and the all electric vehicle (EV).

KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS, INC. 1408 University Drive East College Station, TX 77840
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(979) 260-5274 Michael K. Painter ARMY 08-092 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	Automated Planning Software For A Dynamic Heterogeneous Collection Of Manned And Unmanned Entities
Abstract:	The objective of the proposed effort is to design, develop, and deploy a goal-directed, automated asset employment and redeployment planning framework to provide commanders and their planning staff with tools to more rapidly and effectively (i) maintain situation awareness of world state conditions, constraints, and goals governing the planned use of manned platforms and robotic entities; (ii) rapidly generate candidate plans for the effective use of these assets; and (iii) identify and select a plan to most effectively address current and anticipated needs.

PERCEPTRONICS SOLUTIONS, INC. 3527 Beverly Glen Blvd. Sherman Oaks, CA 91423
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 788-4830 Amos Freedy ARMY 08-092 Awarded: 11/19/2008
Title:	Automated Planning Software For A Dynamic Heterogeneous Collection Of Manned And Unmanned Entities
Abstract:	This proposal is to develop a �Distributed Automated Planning System (DAPS) for a Dynamic Collection of Heterogeneous Manned and Unmanned Entities�. This system will create plans of action that integrate and optimally leverage the diverse range of capabilities provided by manned and unmanned platforms. The main challenge is to devise an innovative planning decision aid system that reduces mission planning time and is scalable to support small teams (platoon or squad) as well as larger units (battalion or brigade). The system must produce an optimal plan as a sequence of actions required to achieve the desired goal by optimally leveraging the functionality of the available entities while assuring the doctrinal requirement and rules are addressed. Furthermore, the system must be sufficiently flexible to easily adapt to new operational uses for unmanned systems. Our proposed approach utilizes an integrated hybrid of automated planning programs that are fitted to handle the specific nature of the robot-human team in the context of projected Future Combat System scenarios and robot capabilities. Our team has already made significant progress toward achieving the project goals, and our proposed approach is based on innovative technology products contributed by our team members.

CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Jonathan D. Pfautz, PhD ARMY 08-093 Awarded: 1/13/2009
Title:	Counterinsurgency Campaign Design Tool (COIN-CDT)
Abstract:	To plan and conduct an effective counterinsurgency campaign, commanders first need to understand what they are facing. Because insurgencies vary widely, change rapidly, do not conform to existing doctrine, and are highly complex, figuring out the situation can be the most difficult part of planning and executing an effective campaign. To address this difficulty, doctrine prescribes a process known as �campaign design� that begins prior to campaign planning. Campaign design in counterinsurgency (COIN) operations, however, presents challenges that have kept it from being actively practiced in the field. Specifically, it requires information largely gained through experience, it requires complex arrangement of military and non-military factors, and the product of design must be sharable to serve as a framework for planning and assessment. All of these challenges indicate a need for a tool to support campaign design in COIN operations. To address these challenges, we propose to design and demonstrate the Counterinsurgency Campaign Design Tool (COIN-CDT). The COIN-CDT will allow commanders to effectively design counterinsurgency campaigns by capturing their own reasoning augmented with lessons learned by other commanders in similar situations.

STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC. 951 Mariner's Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 616-1291 Eric Domeshek ARMY 08-093 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	System to Aid Counterinsurgency Campaign Analysis, Design, and Evaluation (SACCADE)
Abstract:	Among the Army�s many responsibilities, Counterinsurgency (COIN) operations are assuming growing importance. FM 3-24, /Counterinsurgency/, defines the role, importance, and general properties of an effective COIN campaign design process: exploratory, multi-dimensional, collaborative, and iterative responding to ongoing assessment. COIN campaign designers must learn both within and across campaigns based on accumulating experience and insight drawn from all components of the U.S. effort. Efficiently collecting lessons learned and effectively using them to support COIN campaign design is thus an important socio-technical challenge. We propose to develop a System to Aid Counterinsurgency Campaign Analysis, Design, and Evaluation (SACCADE). SACCADE will combine, adapt, and extend several Stottler Henke tools and technologies. Innovation will focus on (1) adaptation of our collaborative design support and capture tools to the COIN context, (2) application of conceptual analysis techniques and ontology management tools to COIN domain modeling, (3) experimentation with collaborative causal modeling techniques to extend and maintain the COIN domain model, (4) implementation of lessons-learned organization and exploitation approaches, and (5) selection and development of advanced visualizations of campaign designs, domain models, and lesson libraries. During Phase I we will gather requirements, produce a proof-of-concept prototype, and develop a detailed Phase II design and work plan.

CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Curtis Wu ARMY 08-094 Awarded: 12/15/2008
Title:	Dynamic Information Needs and Agent-Based Model Updating Service (DINAMUS)
Abstract:	Timely and efficient access to resources drives successful Battle Command (BC) operations. With the BC migration focus on rapid integration of new systems into a net- centric environment, authoritative sources supporting BC services are developed to satisfy immediate functional needs of the commander and his staff. When deployed, these data sources must be dynamically updated to incorporate new functional needs as they arise, without interrupting the ongoing operational information needs. Current restructuring algorithms reduce overall source downtime, but do little to prevent disruptions to key requirements on the database. To address this issue, we propose to design and demonstrate the feasibility of a Dynamic Information Needs and Agent-based Model Updating Service (DINAMUS), an agent-based restructuring service which dynamically evaluates updates to authoritative sources, in a way that directly reflects the commanders� information needs, without interrupting critical BC services. DINAMUS will provide high-fidelity mobile agents to analyze and capture information needs, use those needs in evaluating data model updates and informing model architects of potential disruptions caused by those updates, and apply those needs to optimize the propagation of model updates with minimal interruptions to ongoing military operations. We will demonstrate DINAMUS using legacy sources and the services that access those sources.

POTOMAC FUSION 4460 Brookfield Corporate Drive Suite H Chantilly, VA 20151
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 243-8864 Alfred Reich ARMY 08-094 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	Dynamic Data Model Implementation for Context Sensitive User Interface and Embedded Semantic
Abstract:	As new systems come on line, and data models change, we need to have the ability to update applications, user interfaces, agents and other services about these changes. It is also important that the updates be performed in a timely manner within the constructs of today�s military server oriented architectures (enterprise services). Potomac Fusion, Inc proposes to provide an event-driven data model based on the JC3IEDM to allow applications, user interfaces and agents the ability to dynamically extend the data model without adversely affecting any dependent applications. The ability to do this is becoming more critical in today�s military systems where the threat and maneuver operations and entities are constantly evolving. Our proposed solution extends our existing schema mapping capability to enable dynamically adding new object types and instances within the object model, allowing other applications, services and agents the ability to discover and use that new information. The focus of this effort is to provide enterprise processes that are capable of dynamically adjusting the data model, work flow and underlying data structures to dynamically adjust the user interface display, control and tasks based on the changes.

FREEL, INC. 266 West Center Street Orem, UT 84057
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(801) 467-1199 Doug Dobyns ARMY 08-095 Awarded: 12/30/2008
Title:	Wireless Intra-Soldier Data Reception and Transmission
Abstract:	The solution proposed employees �Near-Field Magnetic Induction� (NFMI). Conventional radio frequency (RF) technologies are challenged to provide reliable and secure wireless communication. While conventional RF based wireless communication systems are useful in sending large amounts of data and for communicating over long distances, the inherent structure of the RF spectrum results in interference and crowding among devices and information security issues, and requires a great deal of power. NFMI enables soldier- worn or carried devices to communicate over short distances, with minimal power demand. NFMI is well-suited for short-distance personal communications. NFMI does not communicate using the RF properties of the electro-magnetic spectrum; it uses the magnetic field close to the transceiver. Since NFMI does not rely on RF-based transmission for communication, it is immune to interference from RF sources. By expanding and modulating the Near-Field, NFMI will envelop the personal space of each soldier and prove inherently private and secure while enabling soldier-worn or carried devices to communicate. By encapsulating the transmission within that space and by limiting the range to only what the application requires, NFMI will achieve the benefits of dedicated communication channels, no bandwidth sharing, complete frequency re-use between bubbles, and a substantial savings in power.

SPORIAN MICROSYSTEMS, INC. 515 Courtney Way Suite B Lafayette, CO 80026
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 516-9075 Brian Schaible ARMY 08-095 Awarded: 12/30/2008
Title:	A Wireless Intra-Soldier Data Communication System
Abstract:	Providing weapon sight imagery along with other important data to mounted/dismounted soldiers via a Helmet Mounted Display (HMD) will improve soldier situational awareness (SA) and ultimately increase survivability. Currently the data interface between the HMD and the weapon sight system is achieved with a cable and connectors that: restrict movement, contribute significant carrying weight, is a source of system failure, and can constitute a safety hazard. Replacement of the cable with a robust, high reliability, small, and lightweight wireless communications system would enhance soldier maneuverability, reduce the load, and increase the reliability/availability of the weapon sight and HMD system. The long term objective of the proposed effort is to develop such a device. For this Phase I effort, Sporian Microsystems, Inc. proposes to explore the requirements for the intra-soldier wireless data communication system, analyze potential design options for suitability with the requirements, and develop a baseline design. This will include the definition of system requirements, characterization of potential options for key portions of the system, selection of a group of these key options that will yield the optimal combination elements, and the definition of a baseline design for follow on development efforts.

TRIDENT SYSTEMS, INC. 10201 Fairfax Boulevard Suite 300 Fairfax, VA 22030
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(509) 329-0111 Jeremy McClintock ARMY 08-095 Awarded: 12/10/2008
Title:	Wireless Intra-Soldier Data Reception and Transmission
Abstract:	Dismounted soldiers are carrying more-and-more integrated sensors on their person for the purpose of increasing Situational Awareness (SA). The current degree to which weapon sight imagery and data are improving dismounted Soldiers� SA is limited due to the cabling and connectors which tie the integrated sensors to the Soldier�s Helmet Mounted Display (HMD). By their very nature these cables and connectors restrict mobility, are a source of failure, and can present in-field hazards to the Soldier. Replacing the wired connections between the Soldier�s integrated sensors and HMD with a wireless link(s) is thus a logical choice. An adequate cable-replacement wireless solution should exhibit excellent Low Probability of Detection (LPD) and Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) performance, have sufficient bandwidth for current and upcoming high-frequency/high- resolution imagery and other sensors, support many users in close proximity without cross-interference, have minimal latency and guaranteed information assurance. Trident proposes to develop a wire-replacement solution based on Ultra-Wideband (UWB) RF technology which exhibits excellent LPD/LPI performance, has sufficient bandwidth for uncompressed 30-60Hz 320x240 (and greater) video and data, is designed for dense user concentrations without interference and can be used in one-to-one, many-to-one and one-to-many configurations. Coupling the UWB radios with the correct supporting hardware can result in a modular and upgradeable platform which offers secure low- latency intra-soldier video and data communications without the shortcomings of its wired equivalent.

IRVINE SENSORS CORP. 3001 Red Hill Avenue Building #4-108 Costa Mesa, CA 92626
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 444-8772 Ying Hsu ARMY 08-096 Awarded: 12/17/2008
Title:	Frequency Modulated Micro Gyro (FM Gyro)
Abstract:	Micro vibratory gyros (micro gyros) have many advantages that include small size, low power and low cost. The performance of these micro gyros, however, is significantly lower than the more expensive optical gyros, thus preventing use of micro gyros in defense applications. One of the major limiting factors in micro gyros� performance is due to the electronic noise; micro gyros are typically a few millimeters in size, and the signals produced require significant amplification. ISC proposes development of the Frequency Modulate Micro Gyro (FM Gyro). Unlike conventional micro gyros which produce amplitude modulated (AM) signals, the FM Gyro produces output signals that are intrinsically frequency modulated (FM). A micro gyro element that generates FM signals would provide a new way to combat the electronic noise issue. FM Gyro offers an opportunity to improve performance of micro gyros by one to two orders of magnitude, while keeping its well established advantages of size, weight, and power.

SA PHOTONICS 650 5th Street Suite 505 San Francisco, CA 94107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(415) 977-0553 James Coward ARMY 08-096 Awarded: 12/19/2008
Title:	Precision Gyroscopes for Gyro-Compassing in Man-Portable Target Locator Systems
Abstract:	SA Photonics is pleased to propose our Navigation-Grade Fiber Optic Gyro (NFOG). The target application for this NFOG is to provide high accuracy azimuth data for Far Target Locator systems. For this program, the goal is to replace current Digital Magnetic Compass systems with an inertial product that can provide the accuracy required by the Army. NFOGs are attractive for this type application because in addition to their high performance, they are rugged, long lasting, and compact. Prior to the recent developments made by SA Photonics, users of fiber optic gyros had to make a choice between a gyro being low-cost with moderate performance or high cost and having navigation-grade performance. The techniques developed by SA Photonics will facilitate the production of a navigation-grade FOGs (NFOG) at a significantly reduced cost (NFOG performance at standard FOG cost). These improvements are achieved through SA Photonics EPI, DR and MLS techniques. In addition to these improvement methodologies, SA Photonics has two additional gyro performance enhancements developed prior to this program that will ensure program success and early hardware production.

Sensors in Motion 4 - 102nd avenue NE Bellevue, WA 98004
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 795-0333 Kirill Shcheglov ARMY 08-096 Awarded: 2/6/2009
Title:	Precision Gyroscopes for Gyro-Compassing in Man-Portable Target Locator Systems
Abstract:	The need exists for portable navigation grade sensors for future small or miniature platforms. Requirements for such implementations include small size and weight, high performance and low power. Devices with these characteristics, and achieved via low cost fabrication methods would enable miniature, soldier-aided and autonomous sensors for a new widely dispersed surveillance and precision target capability. These could counter the numerous distributed, unpredictable and asymmetric threats presented in the new war as well as a myriad of strategic commercial capabilities. High performance MEMS-based versions of accelerometers consistent with navigation-grade performance already exist. However, the technology for high performance, miniature gyroscopes still needs further development. The research innovation proposed by Sensors in Motion (SIM) is a vacuum packaged MEMS gyroscope that has demonstrated ~ 2 orders of magnitude greater performance over state-of-the-art commercially available MEMS gyroscopes and ~ 2 orders of magnitude reduction in volume, power consumption and cost over optical gyroscopes demonstrating similar performance. The goal of the currently proposed effort is the demonstration of sub millitorr vacuum packaging feasibility of this sensor. This demonstration would make feasible the field application of sub 0.1 degree per hour devices and represent a substantial unit cost improvement for this type of sensor, and would address the commercial need for compact, inexpensive, high performance inertial sensors.

EPIR Technologies Inc 590 Territorial Drive, Suite B Bolingbrook, IL 60440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(630) 771-0203 Silviu Velicu ARMY 08-097 Awarded: 2/18/2009
Title:	Standoff Detection of Landmines Using Acoustic Vibrometry
Abstract:	The real-time detection of buried landmines from a moving and vibrating platform is a challenging problem mainly due to the limited sensitivity of present-day receivers. The technical approach we propose is to develop a highly sensitive, acoustic-laser vibrometer system combined with imaging and ranging capabilities. Vibrometers are optical instruments that can accurately measure velocity, displacement, and phase shift patterns of vibrating structures without contact. When image and range information are also obtained, the instrument provides five signatures to discriminate between landmines and other buried objects. The core element of the system will be a new, high gain, avalanche photodiode (APD) array with low-noise and large bandwidth. HgCdTe is the most promising material candidate for the development of these APDs because it can be bandgap engineered to achieve strong absorption at the wavelength of interest and a large asymmetry between the hole and electron impact ionization coefficients. This leads to high gain-bandwidth with minimal excess noise. We propose to use our extensive experience in HgCdTe growth by molecular beam epitaxy and device processing to fabricate the APDs and integrate them into landmine detection systems.

OCEANIT LABORATORIES, INC. Oceanit Center 828 Fort Street Mall, Suite 600 Honolulu, HI 96813
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 531-3017 Christopher Sullivan ARMY 08-097 Awarded: 1/2/2009
Title:	Standoff Detection of Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs), Explosively Formed Penetrators (EFPs), or Landmines
Abstract:	With the denial of RF triggering through broad spectrum jamming, IR activated devices are becoming prevalent creating an urgent need for a device that can be used to block or jam IR signals used to detonate IEDs. No such device currently exists and as a consequence the lives of American troops are put at risk. Oceanit proposes to rectify this problem by using a patent pending 360 degree optical assembly optimized for IR transmission to jam and pre-detonate IEDs. In addition, a simplified wearable transmit-only device can be developed to protect soldiers on patrol.

Spectrum Photonics, Inc. 2800 Woodlawn Dr. Honolulu, HI 96822
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(405) 880-4195 Edward T. Knobbe ARMY 08-097 Awarded: 3/31/2009
Title:	On the Move Road Detection Weapon Detection System
Abstract:	The objective of the proposed work is to develop a hyperspectral sensor system in the 7.5 to 12 micron wavelength region (long wave infrared, or LWIR) capable of detecting IEDs, EFPs, and landmines from a military vehicle at a rate of advance of 30 kph. The technology is an evolution of a LWIR hyperspectral system based on uncooled detector technology that has been explored for use in airborne and groundbased IED and landmine detection experiments. The technical innovation will be to implement system modifications designed to increase the data collection rate sufficiently to promote real-time detection capabilities under 30 kph rate of advance conditions. The resultant sensor would be very compact and use a standard SADA mounted array for continuity with existing military procurements. The IR detector technology requires no technical development, using existing widely available HgCdTe IR cameras. Existing methods for obtaining similar LW HSI data are inherently more complex, having more precision moving components and electronics, leading to higher unit cost.

Arete Associates P.O. Box 2607 Winnetka, CA 91396
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 770-6070 Jeffrey T Daiker ARMY 08-098 Awarded: 1/23/2009
Title:	Stabilized Laser Beam Pointing
Abstract:	Aret� Associates is proud to offer a unique approach to address the stabilized laser designator in a compact robust package that will provide the light weight, high performance absent in existing approaches. Aret� Associates� SCan-mirror Inertial Laser Stabilizer (SCILS) system being proposed here is based on Aret�s innovative scan mirror technology and leverages existing Aret� program activities in the area of beam steering.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5237 Benjamin Bachrach ARMY 08-098 Awarded: 1/22/2009
Title:	Stabilized Laser Beam Pointing for Lightweight Laser Designators
Abstract:	Laser designation plays an essential role in today�s high precision combat environment. The stability of a laser designator is currently limited by the ability of the user to hold the laser on the target. Currently, the only tool to assist the soldier to minimize the beam pointing error is to use a relatively heavy tripod. Given the amount of gear ordinarily carried by today�s soldier, it would be highly desirable to develop approaches to aid the soldier in the stabilization of the designator laser without the need to carry additional equipment. Similarly, the successful solution requires a low power approach, since otherwise the soldier is again burdened by the need to carry large amounts of batteries. The challenge associated with the proposed approach lies in the need to develop a miniaturized, highly rugged, reliable and low power laser steering component. To address this challenge, IAI has assembled a strong team of engineers and scientists, as well as highly qualified collaborators. Vectronix Inc. is a world leader in the development of electro-optical target location equipment. New Scale Technologies is an extremely innovative firm which has developed a proprietary line of small size components ideally suited for the proposed application.

ARETE ASSOC. P.O. Box 2607 Winnetka, CA 91396
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 885-2297 Andrew N. Hock ARMY 08-099 Awarded: 12/30/2008
Title:	Optimal Detection of Buried Improvised Explosive Devices (IED�s) in Clutter
Abstract:	There is a demonstrated need for improved detection of improvised explosive devices in the modern battlefield. Thermal detection of disturbed soils associated with IED burial offers a robust signature, but the signature strength in the presence of natural clutter (including effects due to topography and meteorology) is difficult to predict. Additionally, relatively little empirical data is available on the thermal properties of disturbed soils that can be used to parameterize models. The work proposed here by Aret� Associates and David Paige meets those challenges by way of a rigorous 3-D thermal model validated and parameterized with new field experimental data on the thermal behavior of disturbed soils. The resulting model serves as the centerpiece for the development and demonstration of an innovative and rigorous tactical decision aid to direct the optimal thermal detection of buried IEDs.

SIGNATURE RESEARCH, INC. P.O. Box 346 Calumet, MI 49913
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(906) 337-3360 William Reynolds ARMY 08-099 Awarded: 12/22/2008
Title:	A Tactical Decision Aid to Determine Optimal Times to Acquire Buried IEDs With Thermal Imaging Systems
Abstract:	Development of a novel software application to estimate the �best times� during a diurnal cycle to find buried IEDs is proposed. Disturbed soil heats and cools at a different rate than the surrounding undisturbed soil. Clutter objects also heat and cool at differing rates from the soil because of different heat transfer mechanisms and coefficients. Therefore, there may be times of day when buried IED signals are sufficiently distinct from clutter objects to allow reliable detection. Our software application will estimate when and the duration of these favorable periods over varying meteorological conditions. In the Phase I effort we will use a DoD-developed high fidelity background model, EOView, to prove the concept. We will use predicted thermal signatures of IEDs and thermal clutter objects from EOView to assess their time varying thermal characteristics driven by the diurnal meteorology. In the Phase I Option the development of a Commander�s IED-TDA product begins. We will write a software requirements specification and begin to develop high fidelity stand-alone thermal modules of buried IEDs and clutter objects suitable for use in a PC-based application through imposition of appropriate boundary conditions on the thermal modules. A prototype product is developed in Phase II.

aPeak Inc. 63 Albert Rd. Newton, MA 2466
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 964-1788 Stefan Vasile ARMY 08-100 Awarded: 5/27/2009
Title:	VIS-SWIR Solid State Silicon-Germanium Imaging Camera Development
Abstract:	This proposal responds to the Army�s effort to fuse image intensification with infrared technologies and to rapidly meet warfighter�s protection needs. Small, lightweight, low cost, high-sensitivity solid-state infrared cameras widely disseminated on the battlefield would revolutionize land warfare. An effective sensor utilizing covert illumination and nightglow background would require a camera with extended response in the visible (VIS) and short wave infrared (SWIR). The objective of this program is to demonstrate through design, analysis, and semiconductor process improvement the technical feasibility of low-cost, solid-state single-photon detection VIS-SWIR Silicon-Germanium digital cameras with gating, range discrimination capabilities, high photon utilization and frame rate greater than 60 Hz. The core of the imaging camera will be a silicon photon- counting array with integrated SWIR Ge converter and low-noise CMOS readout. In Phase I we will improve the Ge converter process performance, will develop specific readout circuitry and new operation modes for this VIS-SWIR camera, will determine the achievable performance and will deliver a small prototype camera to demonstrate functionality, specific features and speed. If feasibility and target performance are demonstrated, the goal of the Phase II is to integrate the infrared converter into the camera fabrication flow, scale down the technology node and deliver prototypes capable of meeting the performance of today�s� lattice-matched InGaAs cameras, but with superior manufacturability and readiness for production.

B & W TEK INC. #19 Shea Way Suite 301 Newark, DE 19713
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(302) 368-7824 Jie Yao ARMY 08-100 Awarded: 5/13/2009
Title:	Low Light Level Silicon-Germanium Nano-BiCMOS Infrared Camera
Abstract:	Low light level infrared imaging has significant importance in military surveillance and target recognition. The proposed broadband low-light-level nano-BiCMOS camera covers visible and near infrared bands from 400 nm to 1,550 nm wavelengths. With a proven nano-technology, the proposed nano-BiCMOS photo-detector solves this long-standing tradeoff between quantum efficiency and dark current by in-pixel amplification to boost external quantum efficiency and photo current signal by 1,000x (target 6,000x). The resulting infrared camera will achieve approximately 100% amplified external quantum efficiency even at 1,550 nm. The camera shall operate at as fast as 1,000 frames/second with >=1 Mega pixel resolution. The entire semiconductor-based camera will enjoy 20- year lifetime, fieldable ruggedness, light weight and small size of a consumer camcorder. In Phase I we will prove the feasibility of germanium layer on silicon sensitive to 1,550 nm infrared with low dark current. In Phase II we will develop and prototype a complete Si-Ge nano-BiCMOS camera system, which will be delivered to DoD Labs for evaluation and demonstration. During Phase III, we will manufacture and market the proposed camera to defense contractors for incorporation into military systems and for our own Raman spectroscopy products.

CRITICAL IMAGING 2306 Bleecker Street Utica, NY 13501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(315) 732-1544 Jonathan P. Knauth ARMY 08-101 Awarded: 1/5/2009
Title:	Advanced System Tunability for Infrared (IR) Imagers Using Enhanced User-Controlled Parameters
Abstract:	This proposal addresses the need for a flexible, high performance, multi-parameter test bed for infrared focal plane arrays. An adaptable brass-board system that is readily reconfigurable to operate advanced FPAs is proposed. This rugged system permits user controlled tuning of key optical, electronic and thermal/mechanical parameters which are necessary to evaluate new FPA and readout designs in an efficient manner. This brass board test set enables a new testing paradigm whereby parametric field studies are performed prior to the optics specification and electronics development phases. This increases the probability of successful field acceptance testing and increases chances for system deployment without major redesign effort.

OPTO-KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS, INC. 19805 Hamilton Ave Torrance, CA 90502
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 756-0520 Nahum Gat ARMY 08-101 Awarded: 12/18/2008
Title:	General Purpose 3GF Test Station
Abstract:	OKSI proposes to design (under Phase-I) and build (under Phase-II) a field deployable, portable, Advanced Plate FLIR system for the testing of DBFM and similar GEN-3 FPAs under real field environment. The system will comprise a repumpable camera with interchangeable daughter cards/clamp assembly allowing for an easy replacement of FPAs. A cold shield will allow setting different VariAp� assemblies with continuous f- numbers both in circular and racetrack configurations. The interchangeable VariAp� assembly will be based on OKSI's VariAp� kit. The system electronics will provide a general-purpose clock generator with multiple clock lines and phases, as well as all the required bias voltages for practically any FPA. Software will be developed to give the user full control of many of the nontraditional sensor system parameters. Zoom optics covering the f-number range for the various 3GF implementations will also be developed under Phase-II. The system will be ruggedized for operations onboard ground vehicles.

EPIR Technologies Inc 590 Territorial Drive, Suite B Bolingbrook, IL 60440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(630) 771-0203 Michael Carmody ARMY 08-102 Awarded: 2/6/2009
Title:	Cathodoluminescence Defect Characterization for Medium Wavelength Infrared (MWIR) and Long-Wave Infrared (LWIR) HgCdTe
Abstract:	Traditional Cathodoluminescence (CL) tools are limited to the Near Infrared (NIR) region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Commercially available NIR CL tools are useful for studying wide bandgap semiconductors like CdTe. However, narrow gap materials such as Mid and Long Wavelength infrared (MWIR and LWIR) HgCdTe have spectral energies outside the limits of traditional CL tools. A design proposal for a CL characterization tool for the study of defects in HgCdTe is outlined. Phase I is to design MWIR and LWIR CL tool that can be mounted on a traditional analytical scanning electron microscope (SEM). The detector cutoff wavelength, spectral response, detectivity and ease of design incorporation into the proposed CL setup will all be used as design criteria to choose the final detector(s). A computer aided design (CAD) based layout and design of the CL setup will be part of the final tool design. The layout will be a compact design to increase the photon collection efficiency and increase the resolution of the CL spectra and imaging capability. The design will also include a layout for the proposed collection and analysis software that will need to be developed for this project.

B & W TEK INC. #19 Shea Way Suite 301 Newark, DE 19713
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(302) 368-7824 Jie Yao ARMY 08-103 Awarded: 2/17/2009
Title:	Nano-Passivation of GaSb/InAs Strained Layer Superlattices Infrared Detector
Abstract:	Mid-infrared (MWIR, wavelength ~10 micron) imaging has significant importance in military surveillance and target recognition, since human body radiation peaks in MWIR. The GaSb/InAs type-II Strained Layer Superlattice (SLS) MWIR detector has been under intensive investigation recently. While much progress has been made to enhance wavelength coverage, one of the few remaining issues has been its relatively high surface leakage current and its associated noises. With a proven nano-material, we propose the nano-passivation of GaSb/InAs SLS and photodetector. The proposed solid- state nano-passivation technology will be completely compatible with array integration. The resulting focal plane array (FPA) will have minimized surface dark current, 15 micron or smaller pixel pitch, and 90% fill factor for high quantum efficiency. The nano- passivation layer will also have high device lifetime. In Phase I we will prove the feasibility of nano-passivation to minimize pixel dark current. In Phase II we will develop and prototype a complete FPA based on GaSb/InAs SLS, which will be delivered to DoD Labs for evaluation and demonstration. During Phase III, we will manufacture and market the proposed camera to defense contractors for incorporation into military systems and for our own infrared spectroscopy products.

EPIR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 590 Territorial Drive, Suite B Bolingbrook, IL 60440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(630) 771-0203 Peter Dreiske ARMY 08-103 Awarded: 1/7/2009
Title:	Passivation Innovations for Large Format Reduced Pixel pitch strained layer superlattice Focal Plane Array Imagers Operating in the Long Wavelength Infrared (LWIR) Band
Abstract:	A novel surface passivation technique is proposed for InAs/GaInSb-based strained layer superlattice focal plane arrays with a pitch of 15 �m or less. Buffered oxide and sulfur- based surface treatments prior to dielectric deposition are proposed as the most suitable and chemically stable surface treatments. Both processes result in the removal of elemental oxides, while the latter additionally promotes the formation of stable sulfur- based bonds. The dissolution of the oxide results in a stable surface stoichiometry and avoids the incorporation of any unwanted atmospheric elements in the room-temperature formed oxides. The bare dangling bonds and the sulfur-passivated bonds will be protected with the proper deposition of a dielectric material. ZnS is being proposed for the first time as the dielectric owing to its good thermal match with the superlattice as compared to other previously used dielectrics. The sulfur-rich surface resulting from the sulfur-based surface treatment is expected to yield a highly stable dielectric layer. We will undertake mesa sidewall deposition with a specially designed holder and characterize the resulting InAs/GaInSb superlattice photodiodes. A good surface treatment coupled with the proposed passivation techniques will enhance the performance of these detectors to help them realize their commercial and defense potentials.

MP Technologies, LLC 1801 Maple Avenue Evanston, IL 60201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 491-7208 Ryan McClintock ARMY 08-103 Awarded: 1/26/2009
Title:	Passivation Innovation for Large Format Reduced Pixel Pitch LWIR Type-II FPAs
Abstract:	Type II InAs/GaSb strained layer superlattices represent the most promising material system capable of delivering large format, reduced pixel pitch, long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) focal plane arrays (FPAs) for persistent surveillance applications. At present, one of the most significant hurdles to overcome is to enhance the noise performance of such detectors through proper surface passivation of such structures. The passivation of this material is further complicated by the narrow separation between mesas necessary to realize reduced pixel pitch arrays. The objective of the proposed project is to develop effective passivation for large format reduced pixel pitch arrays of LWIR Type- II detectors.

FIRST RF CORP. 4865 Sterling Drive Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 449-5211 Farzin Lalezari ARMY 08-104 Awarded: 1/7/2009
Title:	Armor Embedded Metamaterial Antenna
Abstract:	As the number of communication, sensing, and electronic warfare functions on military vehicles grows, the number of antennas needed to support those functions keeps increasing. While FIRST RF has helped this issue by combining multiple antenna functions into a common housing and developing ultra-broadband antennas to support many functions in a single antenna, there is still a need for armor embedded designs and size reductions to support survivable antenna integration into the latest armored vehicles. The proposed concept is to combine the best metamaterial concepts, the latest armor technologies, and the FIRST RF developed broadband antenna elements to achieve the best antenna system performance in the lowest total volume. Not only do new antenna systems need to allow for integration with armor, but the antennas could benefit from the protection of that same armor. Modularity and easy installation, including replacement, of armor panels without any additional complication from cable interconnection are also a primary goal for the FIRST RF approach. Our team consists of both industry and academia partners with proven results in each of the key areas of innovation, simulation, fabrication, and verification.

JEM ENGINEERING, LLC 8683 Cherry Lane Laurel, MD 20707
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 317-1070 Bing Foo ARMY 08-104 Awarded: 11/7/2008
Title:	Armor Embedded Metamaterial Antenna
Abstract:	The proposed program will show the feasibility of using armor-embedded metamaterial antennas that demonstrate both wideband RF performance and ballistic protection capability. The proposed program will incorporate materials with high levels of energy absorption under ballistic impact in constructions that meet the RF performance requirements. Thickness reduction and antenna bandwidth will be achieved by leveraging the wideband metamaterials currently being by JEM developed under an ongoing NAVAIR SBIR effort. Design feasibility will be assessed using electromagnetic modeling and ballistic testing in the basic effort. Proof of concept will be achieved in the Option phase, when RF and Ballistic performance will be measured on demonstration hardware.

NEXTGEN AERONAUTICS 2780 Skypark Drive Suite 400 Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 626-8389 Rob Bortolin ARMY 08-104 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	Armor Embedded Metamaterial Antenna
Abstract:	A team led by NextGen Aeronautics Inc. has teamed with the University of Arizona to develop a redundant, reconfigurable antenna that is embedded in armor plates for a vehicle. The planned work builds upon the team�s extensive prior experience in conformal load-bearing antenna structures (CLAS), antenna design, and metamaterials. The proposed antenna is a combination of concepts that have already been designed and tested at UofA, and have proven their capacity to operate under the determined conditions while meeting solicitation requirements. At the end of Phase I base period, we will have simulations of various antenna designs, configurations, and materials pointing to a combination that works optimally with the composite armor structure. This research will also determine the frequencies, bandwidth and waveforms to which this technology is most applicable. Further efforts in the Phase I option will include fabricating a mockup antenna, without the ceramic armor cover, as a demonstration of how the antenna will be integrated into the armor and vehicle.

INFOCOM TECHNOLOGY, INC. 80 Ward Street, Suite 104 POB 3092 Paterson, NJ 07509
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(973) 247-0400 Ahmed Abdelal ARMY 08-105 Awarded: 11/13/2008
Title:	Multicast Admission Control for Multi-Domain Secure Ad Hoc Networks
Abstract:	We are proposing novel approaches for implementing a flexible, feasible and interoperable multicast admission control mechanism (McastAC) that is located at the red side of the typical Army black and red networks environment to provide end-to-end QoS assurance: � McastAC decisions are based on resource-friendly network performance estimations, which enable quick reaction to the status change of the network caused by radio dynamics and traffic congestion. � McastAC employs content filtering, where the admission/rejection decisions are based on utility and proximity. As such, together with DiffServ, McastAC ensures the high-priority mission critical applications are protected. The role of McastAC will be presented in the context of real-video applications with strict QoS requirements, in terms of packet delay and losses. In this architecture, we are proposing an innovative Multistream Multicast which ensures fairness between receivers with different capacities. A limited number of streams of the original content are sent over different multicast groups. The video receivers can switch between active multicast sessions by requesting admission to a different multicast group, in a manner that minimizes the disruption of the received video quality. Infocom Technology will leverage their extensive experience in video multi-streaming and multicasting to support this effort.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5218 Peng Xie ARMY 08-105 Awarded: 11/18/2008
Title:	HIMAC: Hybrid and Integrated Multicast Admission Control
Abstract:	Providing multicast admission control in ad hoc networks is extremely challenging. In this proposal, we present a hybrid and integrated multicast admission control (HIMAC) mechanism to address this challenging problem. In essence, we propose some novel approaches to address some fundamental problems in ad hoc networks. In the proposed solution, we adopt hybrid methods to estimate the available bandwidth of different types of networks. We propose a measurement-based approach to estimate the available bandwidth for backbone networks and a model-driven approach for ad hoc networks. Both of these approaches are light�weight, non-intrusive and accurate in the targeted networks. In order to make the model-based bandwidth estimation approach work correctly in ad hoc networks, we propose a novel approach to model the effect of wireless interference on loss rate. This model overcomes the limits of existing works and is feasible for real networks. Moreover, this model, in conjunction with the efficient and comprehensive inference method proposed in our solution, derives an accurate and realistic interference pattern for real networks.

ASPEN SYSTEMS, INC. 184 Cedar Hill Street Marlborough, MA 01752
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 281-5322 Glenn Deming ARMY 08-106 Awarded: 11/17/2008
Title:	Advanced Cooling for Satellite Communications On-the-Move Antennas
Abstract:	Aspen Systems Inc. proposes to develop a proprietary antenna cooling system for Satellite Communications on-the-move (SATCOM OTM) applications. This system will replace an existing thermal control unit with a lighter and higher performance system designed to keep the antenna electronics cooler than existing systems and cooler than ambient. The system will consist of a series of heat exchangers integrated to replace the existing unit at 25% lower weight while maintaining a 10% or greater lower temperature than current capabilities. It is anticipated that the proposed system technology will be applicable to both satellite dish and phased array antenna designs. Beyond current passive systems that always allow electronics to run hotter than ambient, the proposed highly efficient active system will enable longer life, reliability, and expand the operating temperature range of antenna systems. The system will be designed for minimum power consumption, minimum weight, maximum efficiency, and minimum size. The program will develop a full specification, initiate a new design, fabricate, and thermally test a thermal control system.

Creare Inc. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 3755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 James J. Barry ARMY 08-106 Awarded: 1/7/2009
Title:	Advanced Thermal Management for Low Profile On-the
Abstract:	Electronic components in on-the-move satellite communications antennas generate large amounts of waste heat. Cooling systems must control the temperature of these components in very hot environments without increasing the thickness of the antenna or consuming excessive power. We propose to develop an efficient, compact cooling system that incorporates two innovative elements: (1) an efficient system for transferring heat from the electronic components to the system�s heat rejection system, and (2) an efficient and compact blower for ultimate heat rejection from the system using ambient air. In Phase I we will prove the feasibility of our approach by building and testing a proof-of- concept thermal management system, then using data from these tests, design an optimal cooling system. In Phase II we will build and demonstrate a complete, prototype cooling system.

TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS, INC. 5700 Flatiron Parkway #5701A Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 443-2262 Stephen Nieczkoski ARMY 08-106 Awarded: 11/20/2008
Title:	Advanced Cooling for Satellite Communications On-the-Move Antennas
Abstract:	Technology Applications, Inc. proposes a Modular Antenna Cooling System to address the profile (height) issue related to the heat exchanger package. The proposed solution uses active as well as passive cooling elements with design features aimed at reducing or eliminating contact resistance. The modular design allows for the base passive system to be used alone for low heat rejection applications. An active cooling option can be added to the base passive cooling system to allow for higher cooling capacity. During Phase I, the proposed cooling system will be designed and alternate cooling solutions explored. A breadboard cooler will be built to demonstrate the base concept. Manufacturing and test plans will be prepared for a prototype cooling system in Phase II.

ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORP. 9971 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 829-5864 John Wu ARMY 08-107 Awarded: 11/18/2008
Title:	Multicast Security for Tactical Networks (MSEC-T)
Abstract:	The Army has identified the need for secure IPv6 multicast to support operational synchronization through efficient bandwidth utilization in low-bandwidth tactical network environments. The current group control and key distribution schemes do not perform well in networks with limited bandwidth, longer delay and intermittent connectivity, and are susceptible to network-based attacks. In this SBIR effort, Architecture Technology Corporation (ATC) will develop an innovative technology called Multicast Security for Tactical Networks (MSEC-T) to provide secure group control and key management for multicast groups with high resilience to network variability and scalability for the tactical operational environment. A set of countermeasures will also be provided to defend against network-based attacks on IPv6 multicast, such as enemy traffic analysis and DoS attacks. The technology will be developed to operate within the existing COTS network infrastructure to provide a cost-effective solution to secure IPv6 multicast in tactical networks.

DATASOFT CORP. 1475 N. Scottsdale Road, #460 Scottsdale, AZ 85257
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(480) 763-5777 Larry Dunst ARMY 08-108 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	Software Defined Radio Tool Suite
Abstract:	The DataSoft Core Framework Analysis Tool (DSCFAT) and the DataSoft SCA-SDR Probe (DSSP) will provide Software Defined Radio programs new diagnostic capabilities that synthesize the processes to accurately estimate software complexity, porting metrics, and provide detailed real-time online standards compliant SCA-SDR signal processing diagnostics and events data in a unified manner to reduce overall SCA-SDR system integration costs in producing the networked JTRS � SCA SDR based GIG. The DataSoft approach does not re-invent the wheel and reuses and builds upon existing rigorous certification tools and processes that form the backbone of SCA compliant JTRS solutions such the JTel�s JTRS Test Application (JTAP) and Waveform Test Tool (WTT/WFT) tool- suites. Our analytics are applied to and build upon the workings and the results of those tools. DSCFAT utilizes an aspect oriented approach, reverse aspects, and industry standard measures of complexity to characterize the CF and WF via meta models and to visualize the underlying data structures via a formalized methodology. DSSP demonstrates the viability of a probe conduit based upon existing tool libraries and proven non-intrusive methods to present diagnostic data on performance and standards compliance without voiding any certifications.

XENOTRAN CORP. 513 Progress Drive Suite M Linthicum Heights, MD 21090
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 636-3006 Kevin Page ARMY 08-108 Awarded: 12/22/2008
Title:	Software Defined Radio Tool Suite
Abstract:	The Xenotran Corporation and PrismTech Solutions Americas Inc. (PSA) (the �Team�) along with the U.S. Government proposes to design and develop a comprehensive Software Defined Radio (SDR) tool suite to aid in the development, porting, integration, debugging and analysis of waveform software. This tool suite is comprised of two tools, a Core Framework (CF) Analysis Tool and a SDR Diagnostic Tool. The purpose of the CF Analysis Tool is to assist SDR waveform and platform developers (as well as those responsible for certification of SDRs) in the evaluation and quantification of waveform performance, waveform software porting risks, integration characteristics and risk impacts associated with the interaction of waveform software, radio platform services and devices, and CF. The SDR Diagnostic Tool characterizes waveform performance data and standards compliance and provides run-time analysis, monitoring and debugging support for both waveform and platform software executing on a target radio system. Initially, the tool suite targets the Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) Software Communications Architecture (SCA) and will be designed to accommodate emerging and future SDR standards (e.g. the Object Management Group�s (OMG) SW Radio standard).

ENIG ASSOC., INC. 12501 Prosperity Drive Suite 340 Silver Spring, MD 20904
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 680-8600 Cesar J. Monzon ARMY 08-109 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	Enhanced Magnetic Communications
Abstract:	We propose a new communications technology based on exploiting of the characteristics of propagation of evanescent waves, which typically are the non propagating part of the field. Here we demonstrate that evanescent fields do acquire semi-propagating characteristics in the presence of losses. In other words, we found that what is a hindrance for propagating waves happens to be a blessing for evanescent fields. Our main interest is in establishing broadband and low loss links. The lossy material environment will provide us with an optimum evanescent wave spectrum, and an antenna (eminently magnetic) will be designed so as to radiate the desired spectrum. We propose Metamaterials to enable us design an efficient miniature antenna. This is an important point, as the low frequencies require electrically very small antennas, which translate into high Q (narrowband operation) and low efficiencies (results of the so-called Harrington- Chu limitation). Our interest is in building a practical structure, and although our focus is in achieving a dramatic increase in communication range, our preference is for a rugged structure that can withstands the demands of underground or emergency environments; hence we will evaluate implementation aspects, as well as computationally assess the overall performance of the system.

FERRO SOLUTIONS, INC. 5 Constitution Way Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-7878 Robert O'Handley ARMY 08-109 Awarded: 11/3/2008
Title:	Enhanced Magnetic Communications
Abstract:	Magnetostrictive electroactive (ME) composite element as magnetic receiving antenna for near-field magnetic communication is proposed. ME element is comprsed of lamination of a magnetostrictive material and piezoelectric material. Magnetrostrictive material exhibits magnetstriction that strains under magnetic field. In a ME element, magnetrostrictive material is mechanically coupled to piezoelectric material, thus resulting a superior mutual magnetic-electrical coupling. The ME element, similar to quartz crystal oscillator, also resonate when driven at its resonance frequency from electrical or magnetic excitations. Coupled mode theory was used to revile the fundamentals of the proposed technique. The theoretical results shows that if the transmit (inductive loop coil) and receive antennas (ME element) are tuned to the same resonance frequency, it would potentially great enhance the signal strength and increase communication distance. Further, using back-scattering of the ME element to communicate to the loop antenna is proposed for applications where the battery life is critical. through coupled resonance mode to achieve longer communication distance, faster data rate and smaller size of the equipment. In addition, the ME device is totally passive; the power consumption of the system is expected to be very low.

MMICMAN, LLC 826 N. Red Robin St. Orange, CA 92869
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 980-3039 Rick Sturdivant ARMY 08-110 Awarded: 11/13/2008
Title:	Gallium Nitride Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit Power Amplifier
Abstract:	Current SATCOM On The Move (OTM) amplifiers have fairly low Power Added Efficiency, about 15%. This results in high operating temperatures as well as high Size Weight and Power requirements. A high power amplifier using GaN can result in a 3-10X reduction in the size of the power amplifier and an increase of 2X in power added efficiency. Current solutions rely on gallium arsenide (GaAs) or indium phosphide (InP) for the high power amplifier (HPA). This is due to the high transition frequency (Ft) of these materials. However, the power density of these materials requires the use large device sizes to achieve a desired output power. This results in less efficient HPAs. As a result, these devices do not meet requirements. The goal of this program is to prove the feasibility of a Ka Band GaN based high power amplifier for SatCom on the Move systems. MMICMAN will use its extensive experience in the design and manufacture of GaN-based MMIC HPAs at S and X-Band to facilitate the design in this proposal.

HYPRES., INC. 175 Clearbrook Road Elmsford, NY 10523
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(914) 592-1190 Deepnarayan Gupta ARMY 08-111 Awarded: 11/14/2008
Title:	Radio Frequency Digital to Analog Converter and Signal Combiner
Abstract:	Modern radio frequency (RF) communication systems require more efficient and flexible use of wider bandwidths at higher carrier frequencies, which can be achieved only by direct digital representation of the RF signal itself. New advances in ultrafast superconductor circuits enable digital-RF technology extending all the way to microwave SATCOM bands (X, Ka, and EHF). Previously, HYPRES built and delivered to US Army CERDEC a superconducting digital-RF X-Band receiver, clocked above 30 GHz, and demonstrated reception of signals from XTAR, DSCS, and WGS satellites. The present project focuses on the development of two critical components of a digital-RF SATCOM: (1) a digital-RF signal combiner, and (2) an RF digital-to-analog converter (RF-DAC). Phase I will focus on the development of practical system architectures that optimize the tradeoffs between circuit complexity and speed, bits and bandwidth, superconductor and semiconductor, cryogenic and uncooled, and digital and analog. The chosen designs will be laid out in the Phase I Option, and fabricated and tested during Phase II. They will then be packaged with other circuit components and integrated with a compact cryocooler to form a complete digital-RF transceiver for SATCOM and other applications.

FIRST RF CORPORATION 4865 Sterling Drive Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 449-5211 Farzin Lalezari ARMY 08-112 Awarded: 12/9/2008
Title:	Conformal Omni-Directional Antenna Design for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)
Abstract:	The proliferation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in DoD�s fleet has created a serious need for lightweight, airborne conformal antennas that cover numerous frequency bands. Shadow 200 is a great example of a high performance, exceptionally versatile UAV system which is finding use among nearly all DoD services. This airframe�s ever-expanding set of functions requires a fresh approach to antenna design that is a departure from the traditional function-specific bolt-on antenna. There is an urgent demand for low-frequency vertically polarized antennas for the Shadow UAV and similarly sized vehicles. Commercially available aviation antenna products are too heavy with an unacceptably large aerodynamic cross section for use aboard Shadow. FIRST RF�s proposed antenna technology uses planar wideband antenna apertures to provide a vertically polarized omni-directional beam. The proposed concept combines the practicality of existing antenna designs with a novel application approach to provide airborne SINCGARS and EPLRS coverage from a conformal antenna. FIRST RF�s proposed antenna design exceeds the gain specification of -15 dBi by a wide margin, and yet produces no drag to the vehicle and requires no protrusion into the existing airframe. This technology holds tremendous commercialization potential due to its practicality, conformality, high gain and wide bandwidth.

STAR-H CORP. 1853 William Penn Way Lancaster, PA 17605
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 353-8311 Brian A. Herrold ARMY 08-112 Awarded: 12/11/2008
Title:	Conformal Antenna system for UAV Communications Relay
Abstract:	STAR-H, in partnership with Professor James K. Breakall of The Pennsylvania State University, is uniquely positioned for success in this program. STAR-H has considerable experience is the design of flight antennas, electrically-small antennas and UAV antenna systems. In addition, The Shadow UAV communications relay system for which STAR-H was the antenna designer has been named one of the �Top Ten Inventions of 2007� by the Army. STAR-H proposes to develop an antenna solution termed the CASUCR (Conformal Antenna system for UAV Communications Relay). While many small companies responding to this solicitation may be able offer innovative antenna solutions, simulation of antenna performance during dynamic UAV movements, UAV flight-heritage within their team, or the experience and knowledge necessary to design conformal or very wideband flight-qualified antennas, few, if any, will be able to offer a total package with all of these critical elements so well accounted for. STAR-H can. In addition, only STAR-H can claim such a level of experience with design of SINCGARS antennas for the Shadow UAV. STAR-H feels that this unique combination of skills, experience, and resources spanning all those things needed for success in this effort provides a compelling case for the funding of this proposal.

ADVANCED ACOUSTIC CONCEPTS, INC. 425 Oser Avenue Hauppauge, NY 11788
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 872-0024 Sebastian Pascarelle ARMY 08-113 Awarded: 10/21/2008
Title:	Acoustic Detection and Verification of Intrusions against Military Facilities
Abstract:	Large military installations and training complexes are difficult to secure because they consist of largely remote and/or unoccupied areas that are open to trespassers and contain numerous sites of localized high-value assets that are vulnerable to vandalism. An acoustic surveillance system that can recognize human activity and provide much needed intelligence information to security officers could help to secure these facilities. Advanced Acoustic Concepts (AAC) proposes a surveillance system that can process acoustic data at the sensor and determine the existence of speech or vehicle noise, and then send the data back to an operator to assess the threat. AAC will leverage a biologically-based acoustic classification technology and a power efficient signal processing architecture to provide a system that can meet the needs of large military complexes. The Phase 1 effort will focus on the proof of concept of the automated acoustic classification capability, and will include cost, power, and performance trade-off studies to determine the optimal system hardware and communications technology. AAC is well-positioned to execute this study due to numerous related past and present development efforts that can be leveraged.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 David B. Kynor ARMY 08-113 Awarded: 10/17/2008
Title:	Acoustic Surveillance System
Abstract:	The military needs better methods of monitoring remote facilities to protect them against burglary and vandalism. Many of these facilities cover large areas, contain numerous buildings and other valuable assets, and are at high risk for theft. New acoustic monitoring technologies are needed that will allow deployment of large numbers of low- cost, autonomous sensors. Each sensor must provide reliable detection of sounds caused by speech and motor vehicles, while operating under battery power for extended periods. The goal of this project is development of a novel acoustic surveillance system that overcomes the limitations of existing systems through the use of an innovative hardware design and novel data processing algorithms. During Phase I, we will demonstrate the primary features of the system and conduct a high-level design of a fully field-deployable system. During Phase II we will develop complete systems and deliver them to the Army for evaluation and field testing.

McQ Inc. 1551 Forbes St. Fredericksburg, VA 22405
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 373-2374 Thomas J Plummer ARMY 08-113 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Acoustic Detection and Verification of Intrusions against Military Facilities
Abstract:	This SBIR project will develop a complete unattended ground sensor (UGS) system for the detection and verification of personnel and vehicle intrusions at military facilities. McQ will build upon its extensive experience with UGS sensors. We will use our OmniSense� UGS system as a platform for the demonstration of this advanced capability. We will build upon the advanced acoustic speech and vehicle detection algorithms that are already a part of this and other McQ UGS systems. We will expand the capabilities of our current algorithms to improve their probability of detection while at the same time improving their ability to reject acoustic signals and noise that are not related to the intended targets. As part of Phase I we will evaluate variants of our speech activity detection schemes that include both energy based and feature based detection methods. We will also evaluate extensions to our fundamental and harmonic vehicle detection methods and also investigate velocity based and spatial based discriminators. Lastly, we will investigate Amry base communications constraints and develop a proposed approach for integrating them into OmniSense�. All of this will result in a special variant of the system that will be production ready by the end of Phase II.

WILLIAMS-PYRO, INC. 200 Greenleaf St. Fort Worth, TX 76107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(817) 872-1500 Chris Stimek ARMY 08-113 Awarded: 10/20/2008
Title:	Acoustic Detection and Verification of Intrusions against Military Facilities
Abstract:	Current surveillance systems often use mounted cameras to capture video imagery and a range of sophisticated sensors and stand-alone security devices. These current surveillance systems are often point solutions based on a centralized architecture for surveillance applications. Point solution systems use a single control agent to coordinate the actions of the independent sensors. The manpower needed to monitor these systems is exorbitant, requiring expensive camera systems and personnel to weed out false alarms. In response to these needs, Williams-Pyro, Inc., proposes to develop an autonomous exterior sensor system triggered exclusively by speech or vehicle noise, for alerting security personnel of possible break-in or trespass in military facilities. This network of portable, distributed, intrusion detection sensors discriminates between acoustic sources of interest (speech, vehicle noise) and background noise. When a valid target is detected a sound snippet is sent to security personnel for verification, eliminating the need for costly camera systems. Additionally the system will use acoustic arrays capable of determining a bearing to the target, which will be used by higher level processing to determine the target�s location. This capability can also be used to disregard false alarms from unrestricted or noisy areas.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 William E. Audette ARMY 08-114 Awarded: 10/24/2008
Title:	Urban Seismic Surveillance System
Abstract:	Lack of situational awareness in urban environments is a significant problem. In-city ground assets are vulnerable and airborne assets are expensive and limited. Seismic surveillance using offset arrays offers a solution that is persistent, stealthy, defendable, and relatively inexpensive. Difficulties, though, include detecting anomalous activity within the high levels of background activity and localizing any anomalous activity once detected. The goal of this program is to address these two difficulties through the development of a novel seismic surveillance system that utilizes novel signal processing methods to aid in anomaly detection and uses geophysical modeling to aid in improved array design. During Phase I, we will demonstrate the primary anomaly detection algorithms and propose an array design optimized for this application. This work lays the foundation for a full-scale array to be delivered during Phase II.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Information Technologies Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Sergey Sandomirsky ARMY 08-114 Awarded: 10/24/2008
Title:	Urban Noise Signature Analysis
Abstract:	To address the Army need for innovative signal processing technology to characterize spatial and temporal urban baseline acoustic and seismic noise for early warning of threat development in urban zones of interest, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Urban Noise Signature Analysis (UNSA) technology based on a frequency-adapted autocomparison of time series signals in a sliding window. The proposed technology incorporates POC�s innovative adaptive system architecture, which is self optimizing for characterization of baseline noise to identify anomalous events in variable characteristic time intervals such as minutes, hours, days, or weeks. The novel use of sequential local correlation (comparison) algorithms will identify anomalous events in different time scales. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of UNSA technology for simulating background noise signals interfering with a single or several anomalous sources. These models will be used for evaluation of algorithms for anomaly detection. In Phase II, POC plans to develop a sensor system, including software for anomaly detection and beamforming for localization of anomalous sources.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Aram Faghfouri ARMY 08-114 Awarded: 10/24/2008
Title:	Enhanced Event Detection with Seismic Listening Sensors
Abstract:	Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop innovative statistical data processing and analysis methods for detecting anomalous urban seismic activities. A five-step process is employed: 1) the vibration signal is segmented by a sliding-window and its noise reduced; 2) wavelet and spectral analyses detect nonstationary and cyclic patterns, respectively; 3) statistical properties such as mean, variance, and energy of each set of coefficients, in addition to the frequencies corresponding with the largest coefficients of the spectral analyses, form primary feature arrays (PFAs). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) applied to PFAs reduces their size and yields secondary feature arrays (SFAs). Classification of the SFAs using a classification fusion of K- means and self�organizing feature maps provides cluster centers that represent the SFAs of typical vibration activities; 4) the cluster centers are used as the states of a Markov chain with memory. Low probability state transitions are translated as anomalous vibration activities and will be reported; 5) sequential F-statistics will be used to find event locations. Performance of the algorithms (Pd vs. Pfa) will be investigated by adding different noise levels and anomalous vibrations to the signal and we expect Pd>90% and Pfa<1%.

SR2 GROUP, LLC Suite A 13506 Collingwood Terrace Silver Spring, MD 20904
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 388-0833 Jeffrey M. Sieracki ARMY 08-114 Awarded: 10/24/2008
Title:	Adaptive Processor for Large Area Urban-Noise Characterization, Signature Extraction, Detection, and Localization
Abstract:	Robust signature detection in noisy, inhomogeneous environments is depends upon extracting identifiable components from available data. Urban areas present a demanding setting; multi-path reflections, frequency-dependent attenuation, and local resonances degrade and mask the target signal. SR2 Group�s solution is based on proprietary processing that can improve signature detection and localization in target environments. Our technology is robust to distortion and coherence issues that confound conventional methods. It incorporates mechanisms that significantly reduce dimensionality without sacrificing decisive signal information. We attack four goals: extracting signature data from collections of known signals, dimensionality reduction, detecting signatures in novel signals, and localizing sources in space with ad-hoc arrays; we propose to demonstrate each. Phase I establishes viability of the processing methods and benchmarks performance in comparison to other classical and emerging methods, leading to recommendations for a Phase II demonstrator. SR2 Group has teaming relationships with The Norbert Wiener Center for Harmonic Analysis and Applications at the University of Maryland and with a national electronics device manufacturer. The effort will achieve a processing architecture tailored to wide area urban surveillance. Proposed technology is also applicable to unattended ground sensors, event-alert detectors, and other acoustic monitoring systems where robust, autonomous signature detection is demanded.

L. C. PEGASUS CORP. 10 Bedford Drive Basking Ridge, NJ 07920
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(908) 781-0393 Thomas E. Koscica ARMY 08-115 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	Fast-Scan, High-Performance, Portable Imaging Spectrometer for Chemical-Biological Sensing
Abstract:	It is proposed to design and develop a fast, high-performance, portable, field-operable chemical-biological imaging-sensing system, which consists of a spectrometer and a �system-on-a-chip� data acquisition, processing, and analysis unit. The proposed system will possess a significantly enhanced ability to detect and selectively analyze chemical and biological agents, through the integration of a portable Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and high-performance field programmable gate array (FPGA) technologies. The resulting system is small in size, rugged in design, easy to use, and consumes minimal power.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Christopher M. Gittins ARMY 08-115 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	High Throughput Processor for Imaging FTIR Spectrometers
Abstract:	Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop and evaluate three conceptual designs for fast, high throughput processing electronics for use with imaging Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. The processing architecture concepts will be developed around Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and Cell Broadband Engine (Cell BE) processors. In the Phase I program, we will develop conceptual designs and conduct feasibility and performance simulations of associated hardware. The hardware function will be to convert interferograms into radiometricly-calibrated spectra and to apply detection algorithms to render detection decisions, i.e., decide �threat absent� or �threat present�, with respect to a set of specified threat agents using the calibrated data. Detection decisions will be made using a spectral-matching-based detection algorithm. Hardware concepts will be developed to support processing of thousands of 4 cm-1 resolution spectra at rates >100 Hz and will be compatible with FTIR operation in harsh environments, e.g., extreme environmental conditions and high vibration environments characteristic of military vehicles and aircraft.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Michael G. Izenson ARMY 08-116 Awarded: 11/14/2008
Title:	Self-Powered Microclimate Cooling System
Abstract:	Microclimate cooling is a critical need for soldiers serving in hot climates. Power requirements for conventional cooling approaches can add considerable battery mass to the system, since refrigeration consumes a large amount of power and systems must run for four or more hours without recharge. We propose to develop an innovative, lightweight microclimate cooling system that includes an integral power source that shares components with the refrigeration process and adds very little mass to the system. Overall, the self-powered microclimate cooling system promises to meet the Army�s challenging goals for cooling, size, and weight. In Phase I we will prove the feasibility of our approach through proof-of-concept demonstrations of the key components and thermal/fluid design of a prototype system. In Phase II we will demonstrate a full-size prototype cooling system designed to meet the Army�s specifications.

CUBE TECHNOLOGY 2987 W. Elliot Rd. Chandler, AZ 85224
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(480) 497-8400 Daniel S. Marshall ARMY 08-116 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	Integrated Power-Microclimate Cooling System for the Soldier
Abstract:	This program is expected to result in a significant reduction in mass of a miniature power and microclimate cooling system for the soldier compared to two independent systems. The highly integrated, and innovative approach chosen for this project will result in a gravity-independent microclimate cooling system with high coefficient of performance an minimum weight. The integrated power system will create significant excess power and have higher energy density than lithium technology batteries over extended missions. The combined system re-uses or integrates virtually every element of either an independent power generation system or microclimate cooling system. The result is a very compact dual use device capable of being worn by the soldier.

OCT MEDICAL IMAGING, INC. C/o Nate weiner, 11 vista Tramonto 11 vista Tramonto, Newport coast Irvine, CA 92657
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 254-4962 T.s. Ramalingam ARMY 08-117 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Imaging Device for the Assessment of Airways in Combat Casualties with Inhalation Injury due to Burns, Smoke, or Toxic Gases
Abstract:	For early inhalation injury diagnosis, currently, clinicians rely on bronchoscopy and relatively rudimentary clinical findings to make critical clinical decisions regarding prophylactic intubation and ventilator support. Assessing extent of impending airway swelling that often develops, including vessel hyperemia, edema, and sloughing of tracheal ciliated columnar epithelium are very important to clinical decision making. Measuring these functional and structural changes from within the lumen of airway during bronchoscopy is difficult because many of these changes occur in sub-mucosa at microscopic level. To solve these problems, OCT medical Imaging Inc (OCTMI), propose to develop and test an advanced light-based, fiber-optic imaging system using, platform imaging technology known as optical coherence tomography (OCT). Using eight licensed issued patents, OCTMI will develop a 3D real-time, field-deployable, cost-effective system that will detect not only structural changes at high resolution but also will be capable of quantitatively measuring structural and functional changes in submucosa using Doppler OCT and polarization sensitive OCT technologies. Once fully developed, clinicians using these systems will be able to accurately, objectively, and reproducibly assess clinically critical structural and functional information for early diagnosis, monitoring, and assessment of treatment response in the airway from combat injuries due to exposure to toxic gases, burns, and smoke.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Nicusor V. Iftimia ARMY 08-117 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging System for Inhalation Injury Assessment and Therapy Guidance
Abstract:	The main objective of this research program is to develop and validate a novel imaging technology for inhalation injury assessment. Currently, bronchoscopy is considered the "gold standard" for early evaluation of upper airway injury. However, bronchoscopy lacks subsusurface tissue information and cannot provide any functional information, like blood flow, blood oxygenation, etc., which are essential for airway injury diagnosis and therapy progress evaluation. Therefore, a technology capable of providing additional morphological and functional information could be used in correlation with bronchoscopy to improve the clinical outcome of inhalation injury patients. Physical Sciences, Inc., proposes to develop a novel technology that will allow for more accurate evaluation of inhalation injury gravity. This technology, based on optical coherence tomography imaging, will provide the surgeon with real-time feedback about the morphological appearance of the injured tissue, as well as functional data like vasodilation and blood flow. The Phase I study will determine the feasibility of the proposed technology for epithelial airway imaging. In Phase II, a rugged, compact, user-friendly, field-deployable prototype will be developed and tested on patients at Shriners Burn Hospital, Boston, MA.

AGAVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC. P.O. Box 80010 Austin, TX 78708
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(607) 272-0002 Kathie Berghorn ARMY 08-118 Awarded: 10/20/2008
Title:	Branched DNA Diagnostic for Malaria Parasites
Abstract:	The key to effective management of malaria is accurate diagnosis that is also rapid. The �gold standard� microscopy is time-consuming and labor-intensive and suffers from retirement of microscopic diagnostic experts and inaccurate slide reading. A field- deployable diagnostic method that is specific for the different malaria parasites and is capable of quickly processing potential patients would be highly valuable for the treatment process. The identification of parasite specific RNAs has great potential as a biomarker for diagnosis of malaria. A parasite-specific and highly sensitive diagnostic method that is rapid will allow for the accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment regime for malaria. In this Phase I, Agave BioSystems proposes to develop a fast, fluorescent RNA diagnostic assay utilizing branched DNA signal amplification for rapid detection and analysis of malaria parasites P. falciparum and P. vivax.

AKRON RUBBER DEVELOPMENT LABORATORY, INC. 2887 Gilchrist Rd Akron, OH 44305
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(330) 794-6600 Ana Barbur ARMY 08-118 Awarded: 10/15/2008
Title:	Malaria Diagnostic Methods to Replace Microscopy in Clinical Trials
Abstract:	Developing a robust and accurate test for the detection of malaria continues to be an elusive challenge.1,2 The objective of this proposal is to develop an innovative approach to the diagnosis of malaria that is very specific and sensitive for detecting the presence of malaria parasites in red blood cells (RBC). This approach could potentially be more effective than the current microscopic and rapid detection tests that seem to have issues with both false positives and negatives. A novel approach is necessary to explore other untapped avenues and identify a new methodology to achieve this objective. As ARDL, Inc.�s newly established division, ARDL Pharmaceutical Services Lab is uniquely positioned to address this objective. Phase I would consist of characterization of extracts of standard RBC that contain the malaria parasite, Plasmodium. Phase II of the proposal would then be focused on translating the results from the Phase I proof of principle demonstration into a robust method with the ultimate goal to develop a simple, low cost, modular type test that could be used for diagnostic purposes in remote areas of the world.

QUANTASPEC, INC. PO Box 163 Essex Junction, VT 05453
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(802) 878-8410 Kenneth A. Puzey ARMY 08-118 Awarded: 11/1/2008
Title:	Malaria Diagnostic Methods to Replace Microscopy in Clinical Trials
Abstract:	This project will adapt QuantaSpec's FDA funded research to develop a highly specific and sensitive test to detect malaria parasitemia using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, this test will be rapid, automated, inexpensive, reagent-less and highly accurate. Malaria incapacitates a significant number of soldiers in endemic regions and can cause casualties. Better methods for malaria diagnosis are needed for clinical diagnostics, drug screening, and field use. QuantaSpec's technology offers numerous significant advantages over traditional approaches. These advantages can provide more accurate diagnosis sooner and at lower cost improving patient outcomes, reducing costs and accelerating drug screening.

ISS, INC. 1602 Newton Drive Champaign, IL 61822
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(217) 359-8681 Dennis Hueber ARMY 08-119 Awarded: 10/23/2008
Title:	Compact quantitative near infrared device for combat casualty care
Abstract:	The early recognition of severe hemorrhage is a key factor towards reducing mortality and morbidity from battlefield insults. Although near-infrared (NIR) instruments have shown promise in recognizing hemorrhage, specific confounding factors must be solved to be reliable in early hemorrhage. Our hypothesis is that these confounding factors can be eliminated by proper light-tissue interaction modeling (frequency-domain photon migration), and by increasing spectral (1000 wavelengths) and temporal (200 ms) bandwidth. The objective of this proposal is to provide a compact point-of-care NIR instrument that is capable of quantitatively detecting early hemorrhage and monitoring therapeutic interventions. Our proposal features collaboration between (1) a leading biomedical technology company (ISS, Inc., Champaign, IL) that produces state-of-the-art NIR tissue oximeters, operates production facilities and has FDA submission experience, and (2) a university research team (Beckman Laser Institute, UC Irvine), with tissue optics experts who have experience in the assessment of traumatic injury via NIR optical methods. The existing ISS oximeter will be modified to increase information content that will solve the confounding factors. At the conclusion of Phase I, we will provide a unique NIR instrument that will be available for comprehensive validation and optimization studies (Phase II) and subsequent commercial miniaturization (Phase III).

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Photonic Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Pl, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Anya Asanbaeva ARMY 08-119 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Muscle Tissue Oxygenation Monitoring (MTOM) System
Abstract:	Adequate resuscitation of patients from shock states depends on rapid diagnosis of oxygen insufficiency and restoration of oxygen delivery to tissues. To address the Army�s need for a method to evaluate the state of oxygen transport at the end-organ level in the trauma patient, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new, noninvasive, multiwavelength NIRS-based device for Muscle Tissue Oxygenation Monitoring (MTOM). The MTOM system will utilize a frequency domain photon migration method to quantitatively determine absolute tissue absorption and scattering parameters at four different wavelengths. The concentrations of hemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, and cytochrome oxidase in the tissue are then determined from the absorption coefficients. Total hemoglobin and oxygen saturation in tissue (StO^2) are then calculated to allow evaluation of the patient�s state of oxygen transport by medical personnel. This novel system design is ruggedized, field-deployable, and requires minimal training in order to operate; thus, making MTOM compatible with combat critical care applications. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of MTOM by testing the system with tissue phantoms. In Phase II, POC plans to develop an optimized MTOM prototype and demonstrate its performance in an animal model.

HSTAR TECHNOLOGIES 82 Guggins Lane Boxborough, MA 01719
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 239-3203 John Hu ARMY 08-120 Awarded: 10/21/2008
Title:	An Integrated Physical Therapy/ Rehabilitation Robotic System for Military Healthcare Enhancement
Abstract:	Hstar proposes propose an integrated reconfigurable haptic feedback rehabilitation robot (RehaBot) system using SEA (series elastic actuators) that a) allows multiple reconfigurable and progressive rehabilitation training procedures for upper and lower limbs, b) provides telepresence rehabilitation training consultation and remote supervision, c) creates gait retraining scenarios for variable ambulatory tasks (e.g. stair climbing, ascending a ramp) and types of terrain, d) supports advanced safety and intervention through haptic feedback and real-time monitoring, e) realizes a compact and multifunction platform integration. No robotic system currently exists that would meet all of these needs. Our primary innovation is a reconfigurable haptic feedback non-treadmill rehabilitation robotic system using built-in safety actuator technology SEA. Our technology also includes virtual reality, programmable and reconfigurable training procedures under variable terrain scenarios such as a selected set of terrains for walking and different tasks for arm reaching and grasping. The system supports progressive training via computer control and optimization. The RehaBot uses a non-treadmill robotic training platform in control of the lower limbs which facilitates the simulation of training on variable terrains. The system would also provide upper limb robot training functions.

DRAGONFLY PICTURES, INC. PO Box 202 West End of Second Street Essington, PA 19029
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(917) 324-4654 Bob Rellim ARMY 08-121 Awarded: 10/15/2008
Title:	Unmanned Ground & Air System for CBRNE Contaminated Personnel Recovery
Abstract:	Research is proposed to investigate the feasibility of using a number of small, mobile ground robots to carry out search and recovery missions in conjunction with unmanned aircraft. This innovative approach marks a departure from the alternative monolithic ground systems currently being funded for casualty evacuation. Simulations will validate the essential elements of multiple air and ground robots collaborating to operate, plan, search, locate, lift, tow, and communicate in complex environments. Research will provide the technology to enable autonomous unmanned helicopters to acquire and carry external payloads (other robots and remains) to and from the loading zone. Results will motivate a Phase II demonstration of finding, classifying, collecting, and transporting remains of people contaminated with chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) elements, to be completed in conjunction with the Combat Medic UAV Program flight demonstrations.

PIASECKI AIRCRAFT CORP. 519 West Second Street P.O. Box 360 Essington, PA 19029
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 521-5700 Frederick W. Piasecki ARMY 08-121 Awarded: 10/2/2008
Title:	Unmanned Ground & Air System for CBRNE Contaminated Personnel Recovery
Abstract:	The solicited objective is to develop a design concept for a collaborative UAS / UGS system to recover casualties and remains from CBRNE contaminated areas. The primary challenge in developing the design concept lies in the integration of aerial and ground unmanned systems to an extent that has not been accomplished before. The effort will start with development of a CBRNE personnel recovery mission-oriented Concept of Operations (CONOPS), from which requirements will be derived for the design concept. The requirements will form the basis for parameters in trade studies which will be used to arrive at decisions on the most cost effective design attributes. As the design concept evolves, its feasibility will be validated by modeling and simulation. Additionally, component demonstrations will be conducted using simulations, breadboards and actual hardware. Finally two plans will be prepared. One will be a Prototype Development Plan and the other will be a Test and Evaluation Plan to support prototype demonstrations in Phase II.

NANOHMICS, INC. 6201 East Oltorf St. Suite 400 Austin, TX 78741
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 389-9990 Steve Savoy ARMY 08-122 Awarded: 10/23/2008
Title:	Multiplexed Assay for the Detection of Wound-related Pathogens
Abstract:	Wound-related pathogens (WRPs) are a major challenge affecting the care of injured soldiers. Infection caused by WRPs leads to morbidity and can lead to mortality if appropriate care is not administered in a timely fashion. Therefore, rapid identification of wound related bloodstream infections in the field is critical for early medical treatment decisions. Few options exist for field-deployable medical diagnostic instrumentation to rapidly detect WRPs before associated infections become systematic. Current methods for WRP diagnostics require trained technicians and a dedicated laboratory space to perform the necessary assays and cultures. In order to ensure that treatment is provided as rapid as possible, methods that will enable compact, highly multiplexed testing of genetic information be it human or microbial in a field deployable device is required. To this end, Nanohmics, working in collaboration with Atactic Technologies, proposes to develop a multiplex genetic diagnostics platform for Wound-Related Pathogen (WRP) detection that operates on the principle of label free, direct electrical detection of nucleic acids.

QUANTASPEC, INC. PO Box 163 Essex Junction, VT 05453
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(802) 878-8410 Kenneth A. Puzey ARMY 08-122 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Multiplexed Assay for the Detection of Wound-related Pathogens
Abstract:	This project will develop a bench-top system for the rapid identification of bloodstream infections. Rapid accurate infectious diagnostic systems are needed to identify effective therapy, reduce mortality, morbidity, and treatment costs. QuantaSpec will adapt its FDA funded work to develop a rapid automated accurate infection identification system based on FTIR spectroscopy. FTIR spectroscopy is inexpensive requiring no reagents and minimal sample preparation. QuantaSpec has demonstrated 100% accuracy in identifying micro-organisms at the species and sub-species level using FTIR. Furthermore, the capability to identify new organisms can be rapidly added with software updates. This system is urgently needed to save the lives of combat casualties.

OCEANIT LABORATORIES, INC. Oceanit Center 828 Fort Street Mall, Suite 600 Honolulu, HI 96813
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 531-3017 Thomas Hasling ARMY 08-123 Awarded: 11/15/2008
Title:	Prodrugs
Abstract:	Prodrug-based drug delivery systems have the promise to augment the efficacy of compounds with limited bioavailability to solid tumors. We propose a unique approach for a targeted prodrug delivery system. The system has the potential to deliver other therapeutic agents as well. We propose to explore the feasibility of this novel approach towards enhancing the efficacy of therapeutic agents for breast and prostate cancer. The ultimate goal is to demonstrate increased bioavailability at the tumor site and decreased toxicity to the patient.

TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC. 9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 263-2101 Chris Pavlos ARMY 08-123 Awarded: 11/3/2008
Title:	Prodrugs
Abstract:	Cancer, the second leading cause of death in the United States, is diagnosed in more than one million people per year. Radiation and chemotherapy are systemically toxic treatments that indiscriminately kill healthy cells and cancer cells alike. Chemotherapy could be significantly improved by selectively targeting cancer cells. Prodrugs, chemotherapeutic precursors that become active either over time or at a target site, are of interest here. Most prodrugs benefit from either increased temporal control (timed release), or increased spatial control (targeted release). However, very few prodrugs have both temporal and spatial control. TRI/Austin is proposing to develop a prodrug based on a conjugate of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and Floxuridine that can be activated by UV light. The PEG renders the prodrug completely non-toxic. Due to the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect of PEG conjugates in solid tumors, the prodrug will selectively accumulate in cancer tissue. Once activated by UV light, Floxuridine is released and signals apoptosis. The PEG byproduct, as well as any un-activated prodrug, is eventually cleared from the body. This approach minimizes the systemic toxicity of common chemotherapeutics, and can be applied to most existing cancer drugs.

ADHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 9621 Camino del Sol NE Albuquerque, NM 87111
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 346-1685 Jan-Michael Gosau ARMY 08-124 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Foam-based Vehicle Arresting System
Abstract:	The threat of explosive-laden vehicles driving in close proximity to military installations has been a major concern since the attacks on the USMC headquarters in Beirut in 1983. The large quantity of explosive a single truck can carry combined with the sheer power of a heavy vehicle driven at high speed makes it a dangerous weapon and a challenge to stop without massive barriers. The ideal vehicle arresting system is mobile, concealed, and can be installed and removed quickly. Adherent Technologies, Inc. (ATI) has developed a number of extremely fast deploying foam systems that can fulfill these requirements. Based on these foams, ATI will develop a Foam Vehicle Arresting System (FVAS) in this Phase I project. It will consist of low profile containers, each containing enough foam base to generate several cubic meters of high-strength foam. The foam will instantly disable the vehicle by plugging all engine intakes and blocking the steering mechanism. The foam will then stop the vehicle by absorbing its kinetic energy. Lastly, it will leave the driver trapped inside an encapsulated vehicle, with no means of orientation. Depending on the threat situation, foam ejection can be activated by remote control or automatically through pressure sensor cables, radar, or light barriers.

Space Hardware Optimization Technology, Inc. 7200 Highway 150 Greenville, IN 47124
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(812) 923-9591 Bill Johnson ARMY 08-124 Awarded: 11/7/2008
Title:	Highly Agile Command Deployable Vehicle Arresting System
Abstract:	SHOT proposes an innovative vehicle arresting system designed for quick setup, unimpeded traffic flow, fast activation, and tremendous arresting power in a non-lethal manner. The proposed innovation uses cables, ground anchors, and an actuator mechanism combined in a novel way by SHOT�s multi-disciplined engineering team to create a fast, strong, deployable system providing our soldiers with a valuable new tool. The proposed system is light enough for transport between locations in one truck. It can be set up in less than hour by a squad level detail. It is easily camouflaged. In addition, the �instant� activation provides a stand-off capability and easy adaptation to a variety of automated activation systems. Further, the innovation is designed to easily link together multiple units in stages for expanded width and/or depth. Side by side attachment expands the width for larger avenues. Staged in depth, tremendous arresting power can be obtained. Initially, the activated section appears un-daunting and minimal damage would be applied to a complying vehicle. If the barrier is engaged, the force of the vehicle is used to activate the remaining stages, much like a web would respond to intrusion. Hence, the concept is named the �Steel Web�.

TiaLinx, Inc. 1100 Quail Street, Suite 205 Newport Beach, CA 92660
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(949) 856-2175 Fred Mohamadi ARMY 08-125 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Advance Antenna and Processing Solutions for Multi-Functional Target Detection System
Abstract:	In response to this SBIR Phase I solicitation, TiaLinx proposes innovative antenna array solutions by implementing the antenna array built on a low dielectric band composed of sub-arrays using monolithic processing steps. Furthermore the design of the antenna array has been addressed by focusing in system implementation aspects.

Zimmerman Associates, Inc. (ZAI) 9302 Lee Highway Suite 600 Fairfax, VA 22031
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 883-0506 Bomono Emessiene ARMY 08-125 Awarded: 10/31/2008
Title:	Advance Antenna and Processing Solutions for Multi-Functional Target Detection System
Abstract:	Advances have been made in the radar detection of IED/EFPs. However, multiple targets are detected in a clutter rich environment. Current radar systems cannot discriminate a threat from a non-threat, therefore all detections must be treated as potential threats and either remediated or avoided. This proposal proposes a system for improved radar target detection, discrimination and target identification capabilities which will be capable of detecting and identifying IEDs, EFPs, and weapons/ammunition hidden in walls, floors, or in the ground. ZAI will combine technology advances in MIR/UWB waveforms, fulpol antenna designs, cross correlation processing, and pattern matching techniques. The new array antenna and cross correlation software will be used to determine the pose and dimensionality of the unknown object. This data will be compared with stored templates of expected threat objects stored in memory in all possible aspect angles. It will be a two channel, MIR/UWB, forward looking, push broom synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system. The design goal road speed will be 20 KPH. If successful, the proposed system will reduce the false alarm rate and provide for more efficient and effective tactical operations.

BARRON ASSOC., INC. 1410 Sachem Place Suite 202 Charlottesville, VA 22901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 973-1215 Todd A. Summers ARMY 08-126 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Improved Mini Ku-Band Antenna for TDL
Abstract:	TCDL systems provide forward-deployed ground and airborne platforms with high-rate communication capabilities, supporting vital tactical data links. Currently, omni-directional TCDL antennas employed on airborne platforms maintain link closure for level flight, but struggle to maintain the link through aircraft maneuvers that are common in a tactical environment. To address this issue, the Army seeks a Ku-band antenna to support air- to-air and air-to-ground TCDL links on maneuvering manned and unmanned Army aircraft. The antenna will be rigidly mounted and must maintain link closure through banks, turns, and pitch changes. It must meet the SWAP requirements of the Shadow UAV; other target airborne platforms include Apache and Blackhawk helicopters. Barron Associates, Inc., in conjunction with L-3 CS-W, propose to develop an Improved Mini Ku-Band Antenna for TCDL, which will provide the Army with a robust, lightweight Ku-band antenna that allows airborne TCDL systems to maintain data link closure through common aircraft maneuvers. As classic airborne antenna implementations fail to provide the desired functionality, this challenging problem demands a more innovative approach than simply optimizing the coverage pattern of a single antenna. In Phase I, the research team will evaluate several candidate approaches to determine the solution that best meets the solicitation requirements.

FIRST RF CORP. 4865 Sterling Drive Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 449-5211 Farzin Lalezari ARMY 08-126 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Improved mini Ku band antenna for TCDL
Abstract:	Current airborne datalink systems often suffer from dropped links when the aircraft maneuvers and the antenna�s main beam points away from the ground- or air- based receive node. The result is an interrupted mission. An antenna system is required that is lightweight, compact and ruggedized which provides constant hemispherical coverage even during aircraft maneuver scenarios. FIRST RF has a unique solution to this problem combining novel RF aperture techniques and mechanical stabilization that provides a hemispherical gain pattern always pointed towards the earth. This approach incorporates multiple antenna apertures with an appropriate power distribution network which outputs a constant power envelope to the air or ground node. The FIRST RF approach is portable to Army air assets both large and small, though the proposed approach specifically considers Shadow as its target platform, due to the increased restraints on size, weight and power aboard this platform. To this end, FIRST RF has developed a truly novel yet affordable and robust system which provides Army with a new capability.

STAR-H CORP. 1853 William Penn Way Lancaster, PA 17605
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 353-8311 Brian A. Herrold ARMY 08-126 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Stabilized TCDL Antenna System for UAVs & Rotorcraft
Abstract:	STAR-H proposes to develop an antenna solution termed the STASUR (Stabilized TCDL Antenna System for UAVs & Rotorcraft) which can be pronounced �Stay Sure� in recognition of the system�s ability to maintain a sure, stable pattern even during maneuvers. STAR-H, in partnership with Professor James K. Breakall, Ph.D, a prominent antenna designer, is uniquely positioned for success in this program. STAR-H, as the designer of the existing Communications Relay System Antenna for the Shadow 200 UAV, has considerable experience is the design of flight antennas, electrically-small antenna systems and UAV antenna systems, particularly for the Shadow. While many companies responding to this solicitation may be able offer innovative antenna solutions, simulation of antenna performance during dynamic movements, UAV flight-heritage within their team, or the experience and knowledge necessary to design electrically steerable or mechanical stabilized flight-qualified antennas, few, if any, will be able to offer a total package with all of these critical elements so well accounted for. STAR-H can. The unique combination of skills, experience, and resources spanning all that is required for success in this effort, provides a compelling case for the funding of this proposal.

EATTS RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CORP. 17024 Echo Lake Dr. Smithfield, VA 23430
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 651-5475 Thomas Kirk ARMY 08-127 Awarded: 10/22/2008
Title:	Emergency Anti-torque System for Rotary Wing Aircraft (Manned and Unmanned)
Abstract:	In Phase I, Emergency Anti-Torque Thruster System (EATTS) concepts will be developed to demonstrate that main rotor torque of a rotorcraft can be overcome even after the loss of the primary anti-torque system. Modeling and simulation will demonstrate how uncontrolled yaw caused by tail rotor failure (TRF) and loss of tail rotor effectiveness (LTE) can be surmounted. EATTS utilizes anti-torque thrusters to counteract and neutralize the torque effect in the main rotor system. This technology is universal in rotorcraft application but specific in design for each platform and takes into consideration the differences in power, gross weight, center of gravity, structure, and various other components. EATTS R&D will address thruster activation and control processes, the sensors needed to detect the various causes of TRF and LTE, and their interactions with each other. In Phase II, EATTS R&D will continue development on thruster activation, control processes and TRF sensors and will demonstrate activation of a controlled anti- torque prototype thruster system after disengaging the tail rotor on a fully operating helicopter tethered to a rotating base. In Phase III, EATTS R&D will flight demonstrate a fully functioning thruster system on a helicopter and will continue development and commercialization of EATTS.

Alternative Fuel Technology, LLC 12237 Woodbine Redford , MI 48239
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(313) 720-8680 James McCandless ARMY 08-128 Awarded: 1/20/2009
Title:	JP-8 Fuel Effects on High Pressure Common Rail Pumps
Abstract:	The Army uses JP-8 fuel for both its tactical and non-tactical, diesel powered vehicles. Some of the commercial engines used by the Army employ high pressure, common rail fuel injection systems to lower exhaust emissions, especially particulates. Modern common rail injection systems produce pressures of 1500 to 2200 bar. These systems are designed to run on ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel that contains special lubricity additives (usually fatty acids) to reduce wear and scuffing. JP-8 fuel does not contain these important additives. Therefore, to achieve acceptable fuel system life, special fuel filters have been devised that meter a lubricity additive to the fuel system. The use of these filters is undesirable from a field logistics perspective. We propose to eliminate the need for "lubricity filters" and additives by redesign of the common rail pump. We have developed materials pairs and other proprietary methods that significantly reduce the wear of high pressure common rail pumps. In phase 1, we propose to conduct a bench durability test on a common rail fuel pump (Cummins ISL) to define which components have unacceptable wear. We will then develop a design proposal that suggests changes to reduce wear without the use of fuel additives.

Analytical Engineering Inc. 2555 Technology Blvd. P.O. Box 2603 Columbus, IN 47202
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(812) 376-6472 David May ARMY 08-128 Awarded: 1/27/2009
Title:	JP-8 Fuel Effects on High Pressure Common Rail Pumps
Abstract:	Lack of fuel lubrication performance associated with JP-8 in modern diesel engines equipped with High Pressure Common Rail fuel systems can lead to premature performance loss or field failure. As engines in the Army fleet are replaced with modern engines, provisions for JP-8 fuel compatibility will need to be addressed by engine OEM�s. Analytical Engineering, Inc. proposes to partner with Cummins Inc. Fuel Systems in a Phase I effort to define which components in a modern pump are susceptible to lubricity related failure when using JP-8 and high/low sulfur fuels. This effort will culminate in a definition of identified components and potential metallurgical and / or ceramic material modifications needed for fuel compatibility.

METRONOME SOFTWARE, LLC 32 LYNNFIELD IRVINE, CA 92620
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(949) 275-1559 CHIEU NGUYEN ARMY 08-129 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	HAPIS-compliant Biometric Key Infrastructure
Abstract:	Identity-Based Encryption (IBE) has emerged as a promising cryptographic system, providing secure communications without a certificate system. We propose techniques to fold Biometrics into IBE system as the basis for the biometric key infrastructure, and several novel techniques for key pairing, certificateless methods, and threshold cryptography to enable the continuing operations of the proposed biometric key infrastructure at various command and unit levels, and under no-connectivity conditions.

Physical Optics Corporation Applied Technologies Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Alexander Milovanov ARMY 08-129 Awarded: 11/6/2008
Title:	Person Authentication Security System
Abstract:	To address the U.S. Army�s need, for a �Biometric Key Infrastructure� system that will use biometric signatures, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Person Authentication Security System (PASS) that imparts biometric signature as one of a two-factor authentication and uses it for data encryption. The PASS is based on use of a biometric signature reader as source of generating a unique personal digitized block of binary information (analogous to private key) that will be used both for data encryption and as part of a two-factor person authentication; a Security Server(s) that centrally manages policy according to an organization�s administrative structure and mission need, maintain(s) biometric key integrity, and control(s) access to system resources; and optional use of �device fingerprint� as an encryption key (analogous to private or public key) and a novel Erratic-Data-Stream (EDAS) highly secure method of data encryption. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the PASS technology by designing and assembling a proof-of-concept TRL 4 PASS system prototype that will use biometric- reader-digitized data as one encryption key used for encrypting data on mobile devices and removable storage media. In Phase II POC will demonstrate a TRL 6 prototype under representative operational environments.

HSTAR TECHNOLOGIES 82 Guggins Lane Boxborough, MA 01719
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 239-3203 John Hu ARMY 08-130 Awarded: 12/22/2008
Title:	Dexterous Manipulation for Non-Line-of-Sight Articulated Manipulators
Abstract:	Hstar proposes an advanced robotic dexterous manipulator D-Man for enhancing the capabilities of autonomous operation that must: 1) provide advanced dexterous manipulation and sufficient strength to open doors and load/unload container boxes up to 500-1000lbs, 2) navigate intelligently with a mobile holonomic drive, 3) work safely and robustly in telepresence mode and local autonomous mode, and 4) perform reliably under inclement conditions. No robotic system currently exists that would meet all of these needs. Hstar proposes an enhanced hydraulic Series Elastic Actuator based manipulator that is capable of advanced dexterous manipulation, haptic feedback and safe operation with local autonomous control as well as telepresence operation control. This D-Man system will be capable of complex dexterous manipulation such has door opening, and will be strong enough to load/ unload container boxes up to 500-1000lbs. In addition, our mobile robotic platform will provide holonomic control capable of full maneuverability using omnidirectional wheel technology. Our telepresence operation control and local autonomous control will provide for safe and robust operation in the ISO container applications in conjunction with available technologies. This system design will be include support for logistics and supply chain integration and will also applicable to future robotic MULE applications.

GS ENGINEERING, INC. 47500 US Hwy 41 Houghton, MI 49931
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(906) 482-1235 Glen Simula ARMY 08-131 Awarded: 11/19/2008
Title:	Tools, Techniques and Materials for Lightweight Tracks
Abstract:	Alternative processes, tools and techniques are required for installation and support of new lightweight segmented track systems using only two crew members. The logistical burden of the current system of using 3-4 crew members and additional heavy equipment is not feasible to support future lightweight vehicles. The new system must allow two crew members to assemble, install, disassemble, or repair segmented tracks. The proposed approach is to develop processes and a system of multi-use tools which will allow ergonomically easy movement, lifting, installation, alignment, and connection techniques of the segments and track lengths. The tools will have multiple uses to reduce the number of tools required, which will revolutionize the current manual efforts and greatly reduce the logistical burden associated with track installation. GSE has a unique background with extensive experience in track design, lightweight vehicle component design, and advanced materials development. GSE�s team includes experts with specific experience in advanced lightweight track design and manufacturing, and this team is well- suited for the development of new processes and tools to install and repair segment track sections.

ECLIPSE ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC. 2345 Anvil Street North St. Petersburg, FL 33710
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(727) 344-7300 Hulya Demiryont ARMY 08-132 Awarded: 12/19/2008
Title:	Variable Optical Transmission Lens for Integrated Eyewear Protection
Abstract:	The inorganic electrochromic, all-vacuum-deposited-at-low-temperature, all-solid-state variable transmission EclipseVTS� (Variable Transmission System) offered by Eclipse Energy Systems, Inc., (Eclipse) is the Army�s solution. Adoption of EclipseVTS� will enable the warfighter to finally have a dimmable eyewear system that: is highly transmissive; is user controlled, is fast switching, has high range of modulation; and, is low temperature vacuum deposited directly onto the complex curved ballistic lens eliminating the vision distortion caused by the sandwiched sheets of plastic used in organic electrochromics, liquid crystal and SPD systems.

KENT OPTRONICS, INC. 40 Corporate Park Drive Hopewell Junction, NY 12533
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(845) 897-0138 Ben Y. Tang ARMY 08-132 Awarded: 12/10/2008
Title:	Variable Optical Transmission Lens for Integrated Eyewear Protection
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I proposal introduces novel technologies for variable transmission lens. Based on Kent Optronics�s Electronially Switchable liquid crystal (LC) technology and University of Washington�s Electrochromic (EC) polymer technology, new variable transmission lenses and eyewear protection goggles with wide transmission range, fast transition speed, low power consumption will be developed. Our LC based variable lens possesses nearly ideal switching properties between heavily tinted (1% transmission) and total transparent (>95% transmittance) through a push button. This technology is highly promising to achieve all the specifications of variable transmission lens for eyewear protection goggle as required by the Army. The EC polymer technology features extremely low power consumption, bi-stable memory effect, and fast switching speed. The proposed technologies overcome the drawbacks of current photochromic and electrochromic lens technologies, such as slow speed, narrow transmission window, higher environmental susceptibility, etc� In Phase I, two prototype eyewear protection goggles with wide transmission variation range will be developed. In Phase II working prototype(s) will be developed followed by extensive field-test till all the specifications are met.

TRITON SYSTEMS, INC. 200 TURNPIKE ROAD CHELMSFORD, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-4200 Peter Schuler ARMY 08-132 Awarded: 12/10/2008
Title:	Variable Optical Transmission Lens for Integrated Eyewear Protection(1001-252)
Abstract:	Triton Systems will build on existing electrochromics technology to develop and demonstrate variable light transmission lens technology capable of meeting size, shape, weight, and power constraints of ballistic fragmentation protective spectacles compatible with the Army Combat Helmet. Two major technical advances are planned for the Phase I effort. This program is focused on the use of an improved color changing material to increase the total contrast range, with particular emphasis on increasing the clear state transmission. This new material has almost 12% higher clear state transmission than our current material and is easily deposited onto the substrate through a spray deposition process. In addition, we will demonstrate ballistic capability of the prototype architecture through V-50 ballistic testing at an independent test facility.

AEgis Technologies Group, Inc. 631 Discovery Drive Huntsville, AL 35806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 922-0802 Tony Lashley ARMY 08-133 Awarded: 1/7/2009
Title:	Dynamic Terrain System Process Development
Abstract:	TA

Diamond Visionics LLC 400 Plaza Drive, Suite-A Vestal, NY 13850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(607) 729-8526 James Pendrys ARMY 08-133 Awarded: 1/14/2009
Title:	Dynamic Terrain System Process Development
Abstract:	With the recent advancements of CPU, network, and video card throughput and capabilities, hardware is no longer a deterrent for dynamic environments. The Modeling and Simulation industry has been in a holding pattern with regards to dynamic environments for a various reasons. Without having the requirement, vendors were unwilling to make the investment and until developed, it could not be an imposed requirement. The goal of this research initiative is to define and advance this standard so as to produce the interoperability mechanism necessary to advance this training capability. The proposed architecture and communication mechanism is to extend the Virtual Simulation Architecture (VSA) Distributed Interactive Simulation (V-DIS) standard with the addition of a Dynamic Environment PDU. DIS is an Open, IEEE standard developed early in the 1990�s to support platform level real time war gaming across constructive, live, and virtual domains. It is a rather simple message based system that provides a proven, efficient, and widely accepted distributed tactical communication environment. The plan is to extend the standard with the addition of the new PDU type, develop the accompanying publishing software, and produce an operational prototype at the completion of the Phase I.

Dignitas Technologies, LLC 14258 Anastasia Lane Orlando, FL 32828
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 281-6431 Jon Watkins ARMY 08-133 Awarded: 1/13/2009
Title:	Dynamic Terrain System Process Development
Abstract:	Synthetic Natural Environment (SNE) represents the natural and man-made environment in which military simulations occur. This natural and man-made environment is subject to change in the real world. The importance of a changing SNE crosses all domains and types of warfare. Aircraft pilots expect to see a physical effect from their weapons fire and a soldier would expect that kicking a door should have an effect. Simulations that neglect these capabilities are providing incomplete training. However, current Army simulations model only a subset of dynamic terrain. Munitions effects are low fidelity and do not use physics-based models. Changes that can be made are sharply limited. These limitations are driven by specialized solutions and cross-application differences, e.g. visual systems versus SAF representations that cannot easily be reconciled. Dignitas Technologies proposes to use its industry leading experience in SNE, SE Core, and virtual applications to develop an advanced Dynamic Terrain architecture that can provide a foundation for next generation capabilities while also providing immediate and tangible functional gains for virtual programs such as CCTT and AVCATT.

Infoscitex Corporation 303 Bear Hill Road Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 429-9008 Eric Whitfield ARMY 08-133 Awarded: 1/14/2009
Title:	Dynamic Terrain System Process Development
Abstract:	Current simulation-based training environments lack the ability to rapidly and effectively communicate dynamic terrain changes across distributed virtual environments. The inability to propagate dynamically altered terrain in a distributed training scenario has detrimental effects on overall mission realism and can result in battlespace inconsistencies that hamper mission effectiveness. To address this issue, a system to rapidly and reliably distribute dynamic terrain changes across a heterogeneous simulation network is required. In considering this problem, Infoscitex has developed the concept for a cost-effective, novel solution that will deliver correlated dynamic terrain changes across a wide variety of virtual training systems in order to achieve fair fight capability. The Infoscitex solution provides a common format for terrain interchange and also decouples the data transmission architecture from the underlying simulation in order to allow maximum system interoperability. IST has assembled a distinguished team to address this proposal. We are proposing a novel and innovative approach to meeting the requirements called for in the solicitation. At the conclusion of Phase II, we will have deployed a system for distributing dynamic terrain changes to both virtual and constructive host simulations within a distributed virtual training environment.

Advanced Anti-Terror Technologies Corp. (A2T2) 896 W Minneola Ave Suite 57 Clermont , FL 34711
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 683-4051 Jim Bliss ARMY 08-134 Awarded: 1/7/2009
Title:	Game Interface for the OneSAF Computer Generated Forces Simulation
Abstract:	Our Game-Interface module for OneSAF directly exploits the NexGEN Behavior Composer Interface module for OneSAF that our Integrated Product Team (IPT) is already developing for DARPA. Key strengths unique to our team�s approach enable our near-term creation of appropriate hybrids involving intuitive, easy-to-use game-based graphical user interfaces (GUIs) and OneSAF. Our key technologies and similar multiple prior successes include: (1) Our evolving NexGEN Interface capacities to rapidly and efficiently create or modify OneSAF composite behaviors based upon Standard-Operating- Procedures/Tactics-Techniques-Procedures, automated towards direct use by COTS Game GUIs such as Command&Conquer(2.5D) and Unreal-Game-Engine(3D); (2) Creating and integrating state-of-the-art image generators and 3D Stealths(DIS/HLA) to JSAF, OneSAF, and operational C2 software; (3) Developing common front-end Web based GUIs to load/initialize/run/freeze/resume/stop with data-logging both HLA networks combinations of virtual and constructive simulations, and COTS on-line video games used for serious gaming purposes. Our IPT�s approach includes exceeding the Phase I requirement of delivering a high level design concept, to include delivering several hybrid functional prototypes that comply with OneSAF architectural standards. Essentially, we envision abstracting the OneSAF to Game Interface so as to support the integration of multiple game GUIs, and provide two functional prototypes to demonstrate proof-of- concept feasibility.

Forterra Systems, Inc. 2207 Bridgepointe Parkway Ste 200 San Mateo, CA 94404
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 515-3469 Valette Hopkins ARMY 08-134 Awarded: 1/7/2009
Title:	Game Interface for the OneSAF Computer Generated Forces Simulation
Abstract:	Today�s contemporary operating environment is filled with potential adversaries that exhibit a variety of individual and coordinated behaviors. Proper response to these behaviors has become a critical training requirement for Soldiers and a variety of commercial gaming technologies have been proposed to provide the requisite training environment. Where gaming technologies can be used to create engaging experiences, they typically lack the realism needed to properly portray the COE without significant modifications. Behaviors of non-player entities is a particularly acute problem as most gaming artificial intelligence is either limited or is targeted at making a game challenging and fun rather than realistic. Investments made by the DoD in AI technologies has produced a far more accurate and representative repository of the types of behaviors needed to represent the COE. Integrating these with gaming technologies has great potential to solve current training gaps. Forterra proposes to directly integrate its distributed, multi- player game platform through the SORD interface with OneSAF to produce a highly scalable, persistent, distributed virtual training system suitable for training in the COE. We propose a design in Phase I with a feasibility demonstration as an option, and a full integration in Phase II.

Soar Technology, Inc. 3600 Green Court Suite 600 Ann Arbor, MI 48105
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 327-8000 Michael van Lent ARMY 08-134 Awarded: 1/7/2009
Title:	Integrated Gaming in OneSAF and RealWorld (IGOR)
Abstract:	Computer simulation in the Department of Defense has traditionally been the domain of carefully developed software and deliberatively validated models. While this has been an appropriate approach to the concern for working with accurate systems, there is increasing pressure to improve the cost-effectiveness and adaptability of simulations for today�s rapidly shifting strategic and tactical landscape. The team of Soar Technology, TotalImmersion Software, and the USC Institute for Creative Technology propose to integrate the RealWorld game engine and the OneSAF simulation engine with rapid modeling tools to combine the strengths of traditional high-fidelity simulation with the cost benefits of modern, high-detail computer gaming environments. Integrated Gaming in OneSAF and RealWorld (IGOR) will allow DOD personnel to appropriately trade realism for cost effectiveness in a variety of simulation applications such as planning, experimentation, mission rehearsal, and debriefing.

Honeybee Robotics 460 West 34th Street New York, NY 10001
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(646) 459-7830 Michael Rutberg ARMY 08-135 Awarded: 2/26/2009
Title:	3DML: A 3-D Miniature LIDAR for Small Unmanned Ground Vehicles
Abstract:	A small-envelope, inexpensive 3D LIDAR with the high performance required by UGV navigation and operations applications does not currently exist. We propose to develop such a sensor, drawing on technology matured by Honeybee Robotics under DARPA and NASA funding. Our 3D Miniature LIDAR (3DML) design uses an innovative drum scanner in conjunction with a pulse-time-of-flight (PTOF) optical rangefinding subsystem. Important performance characteristics include: a wide field-of-view for adequate near-field vision, a frame rate sufficient for real-time operation, and resolution high enough for terrain assessment, obstacle characterization and local mapping. Honeybee�s 3DML technology is uniquely suited to address these desirements in an ultra-compact package at low per- unit cost. One key innovation is the optical drum scanner, combining a large aperture and wide field-of-view with robust mechanical operation and small size. Equally important are the electronic subsystems, enabling serial ranging of points at high resolution and very high speeds. The primary goal of Phase I will be adapting the 3DML architecture to meet the demands of the SUGV application. Prototyping of key subsystems will demonstrate technology readiness prior to Phase II. A Phase I Option will be used to complete a detailed design of the optical drum and prototype the optical transmitter.

MicroAssembly Technologies, Inc. 3065 Richmond Parkway Suite 109 Richmond, CA 94806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(510) 758-2600 Michael Cohn ARMY 08-135 Awarded: 3/1/2009
Title:	MEMS Based LADAR for SUGV Applications
Abstract:	The proposed small low-power LADAR system would have a number of benefits for SUGV and other urban military applications. Rapid identification of threats enables immediate and directed response. Improved scanning efficiency of complex environments conserves valuable personnel time and resources. Such a system could save numerous lives during combat.

21st Century Technologies Inc. 4515 Seton Center Parkway Suite 320 Austin, TX 78759
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 342-0010 Thayne Coffman ARMY 08-136 Awarded: 2/17/2009
Title:	RFCode: Robust Foveated Encoding
Abstract:	The Robust Foveated Encoding (RFCode) Phase 1 effort will improve battlefield capabilities and situational awareness by generating a detailed design and performance analysis for applying three emerging technologies to an advanced video compression system for unreliable tactical networks. RFCode uses foveated (variable-resolution) video coding to reduce data volume while maintaining operational effectiveness, enabling a superior compression ratio. It applies and extends distributed coding schemes inspired by new compressive sensing approaches and progressive coding techniques, providing robustness and graceful degradation under packet loss. Finally, RFCode algorithms are evaluated and optimized using novel video quality metrics that better measure subjective human video quality perception (and therefore operational effectiveness) than traditional error metrics. Performance is quantified with a combination of theoretic and empirical analyses, and compared against a baseline motion-JPEG (MJPEG) codec. By starting from firm theoretical foundations in foveation, compressive sensing, and video quality assessment, and by leveraging our team�s directly relevant past work in foveated image exploitation, 21st Century will address the Army�s operational need to reliably transmit imagery over low bandwidth, low reliability tactical wireless networks. This will increase the battlefield utility of tactical systems that transmit and exploit real-time battlefield imagery.

UtopiaCompression, Corporation 11150 W. Olympic Blvd. Suite 680 Los Angeles, CA 90064
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 473-1500 Joseph Yadegar ARMY 08-136 Awarded: 3/16/2009
Title:	Multi�Stream Scalable Pattern�Driven Video Codec for Tactical Wireless Networks
Abstract:	Camera mounted robots called SUGV that can be sent in enemy territory to get a view of what's in store for the soldiers is the future of Army's high-tech combat system making the soldier's work safer. The images then need to be relayed in real-time to field commanders who in turn will describe the forward soldiers what is being sent. The weakest link in the above mentioned combat system is the ad-hoc wireless network which is low on bandwidth and highly unreliable. The poor error resilience of the modern compression techniques such as MPEG will fail them while the older compression techniques like motion-JPEG will not be able to stand up to this call because of their inefficient bandwidth usage. UtopiaCompression proposes a novel multi-path scalable video codec that will provide robust real-time video streaming capabilities suitable for deployment in teleoperated robotics, remote surveillance, etc. Better error resilience is achieved through MDC based on Layered coding and techniques like Headers Extension codes, novel packetization strategies, intra refresh etc. Furthermore, the content-driven nature of the codec makes it adaptive, reliable and robust for transmission over various network bandwidths and configurations.

KIGRE, INC. 100 Marshland Road Hilton Head, SC 29926
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(843) 681-5800 John D. Myers ARMY 08-137 Awarded: 12/1/2008
Title:	High Energy Laser Component Technology for Eye-Safer Fiber Lasers
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of a direct laser diode array side pumped large mode area high power eye-safer fiber laser. Traditional laser diode end pumped single mode fiber laser designs are limited in terms laser power pumping and extraction. Double clad large mode area fibers are scaleable to high output power levels. They typically utilize fiber delivered laser diode array pumping at various laser gain length intervals in order to overcome fiber aperture power density limitations. Even with such improvements, current high power fiber lasers still exhibit numerous trade-offs in laser beam quality, system size and diode pump fiber delivery complexity and cost. Direct side pump high power fiber laser designs circumvent these complex and expensive system integration issues with simpler, smaller and more straightforward scaleable designs. High power low heat fraction fluorophosphate fiber laser architectures may eliminate pump beam combining, free space pump beam launch optics and multiple fiber coupling. Kigre proposes to integrate unique athermal fiber laser core gain materials and pumping architectures into compact high power eye-safer fiber laser devices operating in the 1.5 micron region

PC PHOTONICS 17 Compass Court Niantic, CT 06357
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 691-3076 Peter Cheo ARMY 08-137 Awarded: 12/5/2008
Title:	High Energy Laser Component Technology for Eye-Safer Fiber Lasers
Abstract:	This SBIR proposal presents two innovative high energy fiber laser component technologies that will significantly advance high power all-fiber eye-safe fiber lasers without causing damage to the fiber. The first one is a coherent all-fiber beam combiner and the second one is an efficient fiber side-pumping technique without using free space optics. Utilizing these two components, a large number of high power Tm-doped fiber lasers can be coherently combined to emit the fundamental in-phase mode at the eye-safe wavelength (� = 1.9 �m). The output power scales not only with the core density but also with the fiber length far exceeding the absorption length without introducing nonlinear effects. This proposal describes these two technologies in great detail and presents a working plan to develop these components in such a way that they will work well together and provide highest slope efficiency and output power in a high-brightness beam. Under Phase I, a design analysis will be completed for a side-pumped all-fiber, phase-locked, Tm-doped fiber laser that can deliver an output power greater than 1kW (CW) at an eye-safe wavelength. It is envisioned that technologies developed under this SBIR program will provide the US Army Space and Missile Defense Technical Centers with much improved components for their advance fiber laser program.

TRITEC SYSTEMS, INC. 4825 University Square, Suite 7 Huntsville, AL 35816
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 653-6145 Anthony Kikel ARMY 08-138 Awarded: 11/3/2008
Title:	Advanced Ferroelectric Materials for Explosive Pulsed Power for Missiles and Munitions
Abstract:	Polarized-Cast Saturated Polymer (PCSP) FEG working bodies will use state-of-art ferroelectric materials such as PZT 95/5 to demonstrate their first order device characteristics. During this effort, a demonstration of this new ferroelectric material�s performance will be quantified using explosive testing. The goal is to develop a highly producible ferroelectric material with high surface charge density and superior hold-off field strength in presence of explosive shock loads and high tolerance to g-forces. PCSP FEG technology will provide a path to high rate manufacturing of FEG working bodies that might include such processes as mass autoclave curing and/or high rate pressure molding. This effort will provide a mechanism for research and understanding of advanced PCSP structures to provide insight into how to design and optimize these structures� performance for FEG-related highly energetic applications. This research is expected to be the basis for a new category of inexpensive, highly producible ferroelectric materials for use as FEG working bodies.

TRS Ceramics, Inc. 2820 East College Avenue State College, PA 16801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 238-7485 Edward F. Alberta ARMY 08-138 Awarded: 11/18/2008
Title:	Advanced Ferroelectric Materials for Explosive Pulsed Power for Missiles and Munitions
Abstract:	In this program TRS will explore a variety of new ferroelectric materials and composites for explosively driven pulsed power applications. The Phase I program will be aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of improving the ferroelectric generator (FEG) performance by: (a) systematically exploring new materials to enhance the remanent polarization in ferroelectric (FE) to antiferroelectric (AFE) phase-change compositions; (b) developing single-crystal PZT 95/5 components to exploit the intrinsic anisotropy that is present in single-crystal materials; and (c) exploring the use of composite structures to engineer higher electric breakdown fields and to achieve interesting geometric combinations of electrical properties. Electrical properties of the sample will be evaluated at TRS and samples will be delivered to HEM Technologies for explosively driven shock depolarization testing. During the Phase I and II program TRS will immediately incorporate new advances in FEG technology into our commercially available PZT 95/5 products. At the conclusion of the Phase II program TRS will have established pilot manufacturing capabilities for a number of high energy density pulse-discharge components directly applicable to directed energy and detonation systems currently under development.

AERIUS PHOTONICS, LLC. 4160 Market St., Suite 6 Ventura, CA 93003
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 642-4645 Michael MacDougal ARMY 08-139 Awarded: 11/19/2008
Title:	High-Power Vertical-Cavity Laser Diode Arrays for Fiber Lasers
Abstract:	Aerius Photonics proposes to develop a fiber-pump module built upon an array of VCSELs emitting over 200W at either 975 nm or 798 nm. Aerius principals have been designing and fabricating VCSELs for over 15 years, developing them first for data communications, and more recently, for high-power applications. Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are processed on wafers from wafer growth through to device testing. After wafer-level screening, they are diced, and the arrays are mounted on a single carrier via a single solder interface. The reduction in solder interfaces also improves the reliability of the arrays. In addition, VCSELs emit a circularly symmetric beam which requires simpler optics for fiber coupling. The overall result is that VCSEL arrays are inherently less costly, and have a smaller size and weight, while delivering equivalent powers.

SDPHOTONICS LLC 450 South Lake Jessup Avenue Oviedo, FL 32765
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 929-6675 Sabine Freisem ARMY 08-139 Awarded: 12/15/2008
Title:	Vertical Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) pumps for Reduced Eye Hazard Wavelength High Energy Fiber Lasers
Abstract:	This SBIR proposal is to develop a new high power VCSEL array that can achieve higher efficiency and higher brightness than existing technology, suitable for pumping eye-safe fiber lasers. The technology uses a lithographically defined VCSEL process to achieve dense integration and reduce the diode electrical resistance and optical loss to increase efficiency. The array technology is designed to reach high power and high power density, and can provide advantages in heat sinking for active cooling. Thermal resistance is decreased over existing technology by eliminating buried oxide layers, and brightness is increased through dense packing and special cavity designs. Initial demonstrations are for a 980 nm high efficiency pump diode for Er-doped fiber lasers. The new array technology could offer advantages over current edge-emitter technology used for high power bars and stacks by providing increased reliability at a reduced cost for both the diode and packaging. With optimized designs, the power conversion efficiency, power density, and brightness could reach or exceed that of high power edge-emitters.

Microcosm, Incorporated 4940 W. 147th St. Hawthorne, CA 90250
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 219-2700 James Wertz ARMY 08-140 Awarded: 3/26/2009
Title:	NanoEye -- Ultra-Light-Weight Surveillance System
Abstract:	Microcosm and its principal subcontractor, ITT Space Systems Division, propose to develop an EO/IR payload for unmanned, high-altitude airships or satellites in LEO or HEO. ITT has a current design for a 10-inch, f/10, physically compact, space-based instrument that weighs less than 3.0 kg. At visible wavelengths, it would provide a nadir resolution of 0.05 m at 20 km, 0.8 m at 300 km, and 10 m at 4,000 km. Microcosm has extensive experience in both Operationally Responsive Space and space mission design, particularly for small satellites. During Phase I, we will work with the Government to determine the system requirements, develop a conceptual payload design, and strawman bus and mission concepts, including key parameters that will impact payload design such as pointing, stability, power, availability, duty cycles, coverage, search and scan approaches, radiation hardening, commanding, and data delivery. In Phase II, we will demonstrate the technical feasibility by building a prototype camera system and defining a low-cost test program to verify performance in both high-altitude and space environments. At the end of Phase II the unit will be at TRL 5 and ready for advancement to TRL 6 or 7, depending on the choice of follow-on tests.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Electro-Optics Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Xiaowei Xia ARMY 08-140 Awarded: 10/30/2008
Title:	Extremely Lightweight Infrared Payload (ELIP) System
Abstract:	To address the Army need for lightweight electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) sensor payloads to be incorporated onto nano/microsatellites for the Operationally Responsive Space (ORS) program, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a novel Extremely Lightweight Infrared Sensor Payload (ELIP) system. The proposed sensor is based on Fourier transform imaging spectrometry using high-speed EO switching and spectral tuning of thin monolithic polymer-stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal modules. The innovations in the rapid EO tunable imaging Fourier transform spectrometer will enable the system to achieve a high resolution image at a fast sampling rate, with the capability of operating over a broad thermal IR band from 8 to 12 micrometers. They also enable a lightweight, low-cost, low-power, long-life and compact solution for the Army. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of ELIP by modeling and simulation and by fabricating and testing a laboratory prototype imaging sensor, to develop an initial design concept that could be incorporated into a common ORS satellite bus for nano/microsatellite and airborne platforms. In Phase II, POC plans to further refine the sensor design and develop a reliable, launch-ready, and flight-capable IR imaging sensor prototype for military in- theater ground target imaging, discrimination, and classification in the ORS program.

Space Micro Inc. 10401 Roselle Street Ste. 400 San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 332-0701 David R. Czajkowski ARMY 08-141 Awarded: 1/27/2009
Title:	Lightweight, On-Orbit Reprogrammable Two-Way Communications Payload
Abstract:	Reconfigurable high altitude or satellite payloads providing communications relay functions are challenging to build due to a number of different factors, including the need for multiple frequency programmability, small size, low power, conduction cooling and poor reliability caused by radiation within the environment. Space Micro�s Software Defined Relay Transponder (μSRT) combines reconfigurable circuits with radiation hardness. The μSRT is a relay communication payload, commonly called a �bent pipe�, for a LEO/HEO satellite or a high altitude (65,000 ft) vehicle/airship. The platform is capable of reprogramming or reconfiguration into different communication waveforms (digital) and frequency bands (RF analog), capable on the payload, in flight. Space Micro has developed unique and critically important technologies that provide capabilities to host different Army waveforms, on the same hardware circuits, while simultaneously being capable of supporting other frequency bands or digital waveforms. The μSRT�s mechanical design supports high altitude or satellite requirements; while its interfaces can support ORS electrical bus standards, such as SpaceWire. The μSRT is also capable of NSA Type 1 crypto, resulting in a fully reprogrammable, radiation hardened, satellite grade relay communications transponder.

STAR-H Corporation 1853 William Penn Way Lancaster, PA 17605
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 353-8311 Brian A. Herrold ARMY 08-141 Awarded: 4/2/2009
Title:	Modular ORS-Compatible Software-Defined Transceiver System for Space and Near-Space Platforms
Abstract:	Feasibility studies and technical analyses will be performed on a design for a very small, lightweight, cost-effective, remotely reprogrammable, two-way, software-defined-radio- based communications package called the Software Defined Transceiver (SDT). The SDT design will encompass the entire required payload including the supporting circuitry and the communications antennas. The payload, while also usable on UAV, airships, etc, will be designed to be fully compatible with Operationally Responsive Space (ORS) program micro-sat or nano-sat class busses. The SDT payload transceiver architecture will be modular and extensible from a single set of transmit and receive channels to a multi- channel system. This modular extensibility along with complete remote reprogramability will provide an extremely versatile yet cost-effective communications tool to DoD A white paper will be delivered in Phase I, in which estimates will be made for mass, power requirements and duty cycles. The white paper will include risk analyses, on-orbit lifetime estimates, and shelf life estimates. The Phase I technology assessment will achieve Technology Readiness Level 2 (TRL 2). Phase II will implement the Phase I including a system prototype and demonstration of the key technologies such as remote reprogrammability, extensibility to multiple channels and bridging.

Dignitas Technologies, LLC 14258 Anastasia Lane Orlando, FL 32828
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 616-2103 Shawn Shiflett ARMY 08-142 Awarded: 11/3/2008
Title:	Automated Generation of Underground Structures
Abstract:	Urban environments have become a central focus of military operations and thus of training. The military simulation community has put significant effort into the representation and visualization of buildings and urban clutter. Databases such as Baku and Caspian Sea and functionality like Ultra High Resolution Buildings (UHRBs) in OneSAF illustrate the great success of these efforts. Similarly, ARA�s Underground and Urban Model Generator (U2MG) makes it possible to automatically generate highly detailed and varying building models and urban clutter. Underground structures are a natural extension of urban terrain. While there is basic simulation support for underground structures in the UHRB specification and in some image generators, progress is hampered by a lack of source data and tools to support manual or automated generation of underground structures. This lack of data and tools has made underground data scarce in training databases. Examples include a few hand-placed tunnels in OneSAF�s Fort Hood database. With this proposal, Team Dignitas proposes to leverage existing technology to immediately provide detailed functionality in the area of automated underground structure generation. Team Dignitas will apply its unique qualifications to carry our functionality from the research and demonstration arena into practical application in Army programs through a Phase II SBIR award.

TerraSim, Inc One Gateway Center, Suite 2050 420 Ft. Duquesne Blvd Pittsburgh, PA 15222
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(412) 232-3646 Joseph L. Giuliani ARMY 08-142 Awarded: 11/4/2008
Title:	Parametric Generation of Underground Structures for Virtual and Constructive Simulation
Abstract:	Under this Phase I SBIR proposal entitled, "Parametric Generation of Underground Structures for Virtual and Constructive Simulation", TerraSim, Inc. will develop the design for a novel and robust underground structures generation capability that will support correlated virtual, constructive, and game engine simulation systems. This capability will be integrated as a plugin component to our commercial off the shelf (COTS) product, TerraTools(R), which provides the overall geospatial context for underground structure generation. A standalone software library will also be designed. We will create a functional prototype for a 3D underground structure generation system that spans both civil infrastructure and military use. The complexity of underground structures as well as their importance in training, modeling and simulation, and weapons delivery is high. Particular attention will be paid to ease of use and extensibility by using proven parametric urban modeling techniques combined with procedural generation of the underlying geometry and appearance to support virtual simulations. The development of constructive simulation representations for underground structures for OneSAF will address the automatic generation of ultra high resolution buildings (UHRB's) with underground tunnels and connectors, as well as other underground representations supported in the OneSAF Terrain Format (OTF).

Evisive, Inc. 8867 Highland Rd. Baton Rouge, LA 70808
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(225) 769-2780 Bob Stakenborghs ARMY 08-144 Awarded: 6/30/2009
Title:	Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) for Ground Vehicles
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to develop a robust hand-held, data acquisition system for microwave inspection of non-metallic armor on ground vehicles. The system will em- ploy the patented Evisive Scan microwave interference testing method has been dem- onstrated in a portable, work station configuration on armor panels from the Stryker and ASV vehicles. The Evisive Scan method detects laminar features such as disbonding of the armor structure as well as cracks in ceramic tiles. The Evisive Scan method permits real time evaluation by inspection from one surface only, through non-contacting or con- tact encapsulation.

Charles River Analytics Inc. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Magn�s Snorrason ARMY 08-145 Awarded: 2/12/2009
Title:	Scene Understanding for Semi-Autonomous Navigation (SUSAN)
Abstract:	The Army has a clear need for a small mobile robot capable of accompanying a single soldier. Such a robot would help solve both logistical problems of individual soldiers needing to transport more equipment and supplies than they can carry in a backpack, and tactical problems of scouting unsafe areas. Multiple designs for such robots exist; however, a common problem for those robots is that they need remote control or teleoperation. This makes it very difficult for the soldier to do anything else at the same time, such as look out for threats, or even just walk without tripping. A less cognitively demanding form of control is clearly needed that will allow the soldier to control the robot (or robots) and still perform his primary combat mission. We propose a Scene Understanding for Semi-Autonomous Navigation (SUSAN) system for the semi-supervised control of unmanned ground vehicles. The system allows a user to direct a vehicle from behind, using a touch-screen device, or from in front, by leading the way and issuing commands through arm/hand gestures. SUSAN achieves this using novel monocular scene understanding algorithms and robust tracking techniques, and does not require specialized robot-mounted sensors or soldier-worn markers.

Mobile Intelligence Corporation 13620 Merriman Road Livonia, MI 48150
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 367-0430 Douglas C. MacKenzie ARMY 08-145 Awarded: 2/10/2009
Title:	Semi-Autonomous Control of Unmanned Ground Vehicles
Abstract:	Teleoperating a ground robot is very difficult. Humans leverage substantial proprioceptive cues to estimate safe travel speeds and compensate for motion jitter in their visual cortex. To address this problem, MIC proposes develop a semi-autonomy system able to lead or follow the operator. The system will support long-distance scene understanding use a single color camera, beyond the range of traditional stereo, to provide highly capable operations in complex terrain. Relying on monocular vision has the advantage of being a passive sensor, which is better suited for tactical missions than LADAR. We propose three complementary research thrusts that begin to interpret the scene. First, categorizing terrain traversability based on appearance and motion allows extrapolating nearby, highly accurate estimates into the far scene. Second, classifying objects based on their shape and texture allows estimating their size based on heuristics in a database, and thus estimating their distance. Finally, scene affordances with respect to navigation will be leveraged by learning mappings of visual shape categories to navigation strategies. The information from these three perceptual processes will be aggregated into a symbolic map, and used by a planner to create routes through the environment.

POINT SOURCE, INC. 1864 Dayton Pike Germantown, OH 45327
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 855-6020 Steven H Mersch ARMY 08-146 Awarded: 12/16/2008
Title:	Rapid Field Test Method(s) to Measure Additives in Military Fuel
Abstract:	The US Military's might is in part based on the equipment it operates. It is important to the longevity of the equipment that the proper fuel additives are present to ensure proper operation when the time comes. We propose to develop a light weight, portable multi- parameter instrument for analysis of fuel additive concentrations. Photonic, electronic and MEMs technologies will be integrated in the final product in order to detect and measure all the desired parameters.

Intelligent Automation, Inc. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5242 Roger Xu ARMY 08-147 Awarded: 3/2/2009
Title:	Multi-Agent Health Management System
Abstract:	We propose to develop an intelligent multi-agent approach for distributed, dynamic, and active health management of fleet-wide ground vehicle subsystems/systems by incorporating advanced technologies in multi-disciplinary areas, such as software agent, signal processing, and data mining. In this framework, server-side agents include a light- weight library of diagnostics/prognostics algorithms/models developed based on the fleet- wide ground vehicle information, maintenance log, and test data, etc. When a vehicle connects to the server, a diagnostic/prognostics model will be generated automatically by the server and downloaded to the vehicle. The diagnostic and prognostic decisions made by each vehicle will be sent back to the server to confirm and update the model library if needed. If necessary, an �updated� diagnostics/prognostics model may be re-generated and the vehicle-side diagnostics/prognostics agents will be updated. In this way, the vehicle-side diagnostics/prognostics agents have the capabilities of self-adaptation and self-learning utilizing the vehicle and fleet level information. The whole framework will be developed under a unified software agent framework.

RLW, Inc. 2029 Cato Avenue State College, PA 16801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 867-5122 C Mark Klemick ARMY 08-147 Awarded: 3/1/2009
Title:	Automated Algorithm Generator for Ground Vehicle Diagnostics/Prognostics
Abstract:	The Automated Algorithm Generator combines a Library of diagnostic and prognostic algorithms with an automated Framework system to completely automate health and readiness reporting from widely dispersed Army combat and support vehicles. The system provides an environment in which learning algorithms enhance quality and reliability of platform status, health, and readiness reporting. The algorithm library draws on current research in brain function and artificial intelligence. The framework structure delivers a highly flexible, highly expandable skeleton for distribution of algorithms, reports management, configuration management, health and readiness distribution, user interfaces, and archive methodology. The framework is a loosely-coupled system constructed from generic software modules that host the algorithms and perform common system services such as built-in test, operator intervention, and extraction of system performance metrics.

Band XI International, LLC 150 Beacon Hill Drive West Hartford, CT 06117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 233-1526 Brett Hackleman ARMY 08-148 Awarded: 12/15/2008
Title:	MANODS � Mobile Ad-hoc Networks with OSGi Distributed Services
Abstract:	Band XI International, with a very strong background in delivering OSGi Service Oriented Bundle Architecture solutions for embedded military applications will extend those efforts to distribute services across multiple platforms that are connected through mobile ad hoc networks. Beginning with the baseline service oriented applications previously developed for CBRNE sensor synthesis and condition based maintenance using prior SBIR funded research into an OSGi mobile embedded component suite (MECS), Band XI will extend the reference implementations to incorporate a distributed services framework that binds all available computing and storage resources into a collaborative system in which the whole is greater than the sum of the parts.

CONCENTRIS SYSTEMS LLC 2800 Woodlawn Drive Suite 238 Honolulu, HI 96822
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 781-2003 Tareq Hoque ARMY 08-148 Awarded: 12/8/2008
Title:	Distributed Services Framework for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks
Abstract:	The proposed project will result in the design of a �Distributed Services Framework� (DSF) which provides a service-oriented, distributed architecture for the hosting, advertising, discovery and invoking of �distributed services� across Army �Mobile Ad-hoc Networks� (MANETs). Example distributed services include devices or applications (storage, processing power, video, sensors, Internet access). The Concentris team will investigate the CONOPS and design a framework that meets military requirements and industry guidelines. Key tasks will include investigating Army concepts and applications, researching DSF methodologies (framework workflow, service creation, deployment and security), and creating an open architecture API library for future developers to implement DSF services.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-4765 Olga Ratsimor ARMY 08-148 Awarded: 11/18/2008
Title:	An Efficient Distributed Framework for Adaptive Service Discovery in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks
Abstract:	The key innovation of this proposal is the development of a distributed service discovery framework which employs simple yet elegant mechanisms to deliver comprehensive solutions for service advertisement, discovery and access in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Our framework employs peer-to-peer caching to facilitate cross platform collaborations and service discovery. In addition, we propose to use our unique service evaluation and differentiation model provides a comprehensive and systematic approach to comparing and evaluating discovered services. Mobile nodes within the network differentiate between services based on characteristics such as levels of service demand, presence or lack of specific service features/attributes and communication and transaction costs. Furthermore, to facilitate the evaluation process and further enhance service discovery we propose to use semantic service descriptions associated with a set of novel protocols to facilitate advertisement dissemination.

MTS Technologies 2800 Shirlington Road Suite 1000 Arlington, VA 22206
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(248) 637-5123 Lonnie Vance ARMY 08-149 Awarded: 1/15/2009
Title:	Sensors for Vehicle Health Monitoring
Abstract:	This project will ultimately design, build, and demonstrate a bench-level prototype sensor system (comprised of 5 sensors with sensor fusion algorithms) with the ability to determine the state of health, predict component and system failures, and measure the following: measure foreign inorganic materials in vehicle fluids; capture extreme shock events; capture a wide range of load events; measure pressure, acceleration, torque, and liquid quality; and, detect cracks in powertrain, chassis, and suspension components. Effective and efficient platform health monitoring requires data readily available from the vehicle databus as well as the integration of additional sensors to gather data that isn�t readily available. Sensor fusion algorithms will be created to make more accurate system level determinations based on the data derived from these individual sensors. Under this effort, work will be done in the five technical areas described above. In addition, any recommendations of suitable mounting locations for the sensors will be pursued. Data types and data parameters that will be available from the working sensors and planned data analysis to determine diagnostics and planned prognostics on the measured vehicle components, sub-systems, and systems will be outlined.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Applied Technologies Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Yunping Yang ARMY 08-149 Awarded: 12/15/2008
Title:	Comprehensive Vehicle Health Monitoring Sensor System
Abstract:	To address the Army�s need for vehicle health monitoring sensor and data fusion system to effectively monitor and predict failures in high payoff areas, and to capture information about the usage of the vehicle to accurately determine the state of health of vehicle systems and components, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Comprehensive Vehicle Health Monitoring Sensor (COVEM) system. This proposed COVEM is based on the fusion of several optical fiber sensing technologies to monitor all significant vehicle-health-related events/parameters. The system offers the following features: 1) high accuracy; 2) high-sensitivity; 3) compactness and light weight; 4) self- containing and energy efficient; 5) reliability; and 6) cost-effectiveness. The innovation is in use of a novel fiber-optic-based system design of the COVEM to make simultaneous measurements of all the vehicle-health-related events/parameters, such as liquid quality, tire pressure, and shock events. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of COVEM by investigating the system design by computer modeling, and fabricating and testing a breadboard prototype (TRL 4) in a simulated platform. In Phase II an advanced, miniaturized COVEM engineering prototype at TRL 5 will be assembled and tested both at POC and at an Army facility.

Acellent Technologies, Inc. 835 Stewart Drive Sunnyvale, CA 94085
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 745-1188 Shyan Bob Shen ARMY 08-150 Awarded: 4/28/2009
Title:	Smart Sensor Network for Platform Structural Health Monitoring
Abstract:	Acellent proposes to develop a smart structural health monitoring (SHM) sensor network system that can withstand the aggressive operations environment. It will be capable of autonomously assessing, reliably in real time, the structural integrity of ground vehicle structures and components. A new SMART Layer?hybrid consisting of an improved piezoelectric sensor/actuator configuration (utilizing the proven SMART Layer?technology) will be used to monitor the integrity of welded connections, bolted connections, and possible corrosion in the structural members. With proper design and placement of the piezoelectric sensors/actuators, the Acellent system will be fully capable of detecting critical flaws due to fatigue, corrosion, or wear. The statistical information generated establishes a confident reliability for maintaining the structural integrity of ground vehicles through real-time monitoring. We will evaluate various existing sensor types, checking what parameters are required to specifically monitor the structural health of Army vehicles and bridging systems. The assessment will include number of sensors required, their size, total weight, and power requirements. In addition, a cost comparison between network design alternatives will be developed. Creation of a methodology for installing the sensor network in new Army platforms and retrofitting of existing Army platforms will also be included.

Impact Technologies, LLC 200 Canal View Blvd Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 424-1990 Carl S. Byington, P.E. ARMY 08-150 Awarded: 2/10/2009
Title:	Embedded Structural Platform Analysis Network (eSPAN)TM
Abstract:	Impact Technologies is creating a low-power, modular wireless sensor network for health and usage monitoring of bridge and vehicle structures. The system utilizes a mesh network of flexible sensor nodes connected to a communication node that transmits high- level health metrics to an external system over a standard vehicle data bus. System intelligence will be distributed among individual nodes to reduce the required communication bandwidth and allow system capabilities to be customized for various structures and vehicle platforms. The system will autonomously generate high-level health metrics without placing a processing burden on existing vehicle management systems. Key tasks in Phase I are to: 1) identify key target platforms and critical specifications required to assess system health; 2) evaluate relevant communication standards and interfaces for vehicle communication busses; 3) produce low-level indicators of structural degradation and develop appropriate sensing and measuring methods; 4) develop a wireless transmission architecture to efficiently transmit data to the coordinating node for retransmission over the vehicle data bus; 5) perform a trade study to examine suitability of adapting the system to new or existing vehicles and structures using different sensor configurations; 6) create a plan to supply power to the sensor network on various platforms.

DIAMOND VISIONICS LLC 400 Plaza Drive, Suite-A Vestal, NY 13850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(607) 729-8526 James Pendrys ARMY 08-151 Awarded: 11/26/2008
Title:	Realistic High Fidelity Dynamic Terrain Representation
Abstract:	The capability to modify terrain in real-time to create realistic modifications will provide training value by assisting in the visualization of the occurrence in the training scenario. For example, the capability to display the creation of craters with explosions or the tracks of vehicles as they move across soft terrain can add a great degree of realism for training. Diamond Visionics has developed the capability to construct and display dynamic terrain using its GenesisRT� visual system. This capability exploits the design of GenesisRT� to generate and display in real-time a terrain skin using elevation data rather than fixed polygon models, such as a terrain skins generated in OpenFlght format. The capability to modify terrain need not be limited to the terrain skin itself. For example, modifications to bridges and overpasses in real-time would provide training value as well. DVC has developed software that permits plowing of craters that can be used both for the modeling of plowing and the modification of any object in the same manner.

Systems Technology, Inc. 13766 S. Hawthorne Blvd. Hawthorne, CA 90250
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 679-2281 R Wade Allen ARMY 08-152 Awarded: 4/28/2009
Title:	Vehicle Dynamics and Motion Drive for Realtime Simulators
Abstract:	Advances in simulator technology and the proliferation of low cost computers have allowed researchers to move the test track/range indoors. To insure proper transfer of experience, the many simulator components must work in harmony. This proposal addresses the motion cueing for hexapod-based systems for driving simulations. Hexapods have limited motion capability for representing lateral accelerations that are represented in steady state by tilt cues. If done improperly the resulting cues will negatively impact the simulation experience and may also result in simulator sickness, regardless of the fidelity of the other simulator components. For the simulation of ground vehicles, the Army has identified a need for motion cueing algorithms that will improve perceived lateral handling of the vehicle. Two approaches are proposed: extensions to the OverTilt algorithm currently used at TARDEC; and the RideCue algorithm that provides extremely compelling specific force cueing without the need for washouts. To demonstrate feasibility in Phase I, these algorithms will be advanced, analyzed, and compared with the current TARDEC algorithm. The analysis will involve simulation of advanced Army vehicles performing critical lateral maneuvering. In Phase II, the techniques will be evaluated via a driver-in-the-loop simulation employing a 6DOF hexapod platform.

AEGIS TECHNOLOGY 3300 A Westminister Ave. Santa Ana, CA 92703
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 554-5511 Timothy Lin ARMY 08-153 Awarded: 11/18/2008
Title:	Improved Thermal Management Systems using Advanced Materials and Fluids
Abstract:	Technical challenges in the thermal management of emerging military ground vehicles exist with regards to providing adequate cooling for their key components such as engine and power electronics. Fluid coolant and material solutions to these issues are critical for these vehicles to achieve their desired performance. Therefore highly effective thermal management systems utilizing advanced coolant and/or thermal material are needed in the design of military ground vehicles in order to provide reliable mobility under all vehicle operating conditions while meeting the needs of the vehicle and crew on a system level. In this SBIR project, Aegis Technology proposes to develop and demonstrate a high efficient compact heat exchanger utilizing nanofluids (e.g. SiC nanofluids) as coolant, and high performance thermal material (e.g. strengthened graphite foam) as the core of the heat exchanger. Advantages and challenges in using these novel coolant and thermal material will be identified and compared with those using conventional coolant and thermal material. The successful application of such high-performance coolant and thermal material in vehicle thermal management systems will result in the benefits including: improved thermal performance, significant weight savings, reduced cooling power, and fuel savings.

INTERNATIONAL MEZZO TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 7167 Florda Blvd Baton Rouge, LA 70806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(225) 706-0191 Charles Becnel ARMY 08-153 Awarded: 11/18/2008
Title:	Improved Thermal Management Systems using Plastic
Abstract:	The objective of the program is to develop and demonstrate a new lightweight, low- pressure drop, low cost, high heat transfer heat exchanger material for military vehicles. Mezzo Technologies of Baton Rouge, Louisiana designs and manufactures heat exchangers whose design is fundamentally different from traditional compact heat exchangers. This program will focus on developing a plastic heat exchanger to demonstrate the technology. These results can be applied to a wide range of military vehicles and types of heat exchangers. Some of the types of heat exchangers include: evaporator, condenser, oil cooler, intercooler, and radiators.

Active Signal Technologies, Inc. Hammonds South, Unit Q 611 North Hammonds Ferry Road Linthicum Heights, MD 21090
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 636-9350 Keith Bridger ARMY 08-154 Awarded: 3/1/2009
Title:	High Temperature Capacitors for Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Abstract:	Active Signal Technologies, in collaboration with Novacap, Alfred University and Lockheed Martin, proposes in Phase I to build a compact-design 700-V, 50 μF high temperature capacitor module. The module is populated with 1 μF capacitors based on a newly developed sodium bismuth titanate (NBT) dielectric with outstanding electrical performance to 200�C and beyond. Its novel design allows for 115�C coolant flow between the module stack layers, and the geometrical layout of components within the array layers provides for very low ESR and ESL. NBT was selected because of its very low combined temperature and voltage coefficient which gives rise to a net capacitance change < 20% across the band from -40�C to +200�C at full voltage stress. The capacitor is particularly well suited to handling high ripple current because of its low loss (< 2%) and low frequency dispersion to 60 kHz. The proposal addresses key issues of reliability, failure modes, size and cost. New formulations are investigated to increase dielectric constant and reduce component size. In the Phase I Option and Phase II, nano processing techniques will be introduced to reduce intrinsic flaw size, raise breakdown strength and lower sintering temperature to enable the use of base metal electrodes.

TPL, Inc. 3921 Academy Parkway North, NE Albuquerque, NM 87109
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 342-4440 Lew Bragg ARMY 08-154 Awarded: 3/1/2009
Title:	High Temperature Nano-composite Film Capacitors for Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Abstract:	qFuture ground vehicles for Army applications are envisioned to use hybrid electric propulsion. Hybrid electric vehicles will require electrical power systems which are more compact and more efficient than those used in current vehicles. Power converters are being developed to fit this requirement, operating at high frequencies to reduce the size of passive components such as capacitors and inductors. DC bus capacitors for these converters are a major consumer of available volume in present designs. Reduction in the size of DC bus capacitors for power converters would be highly desirable, while still providing high temperature (up to 200�XC) and high frequency (greater than 60 kHz) ripple current capability, and maintaining efficiency, reliability, and service life. TPL will develop a novel nano-composite dielectric film and capacitor technology that is compact, fault-tolerant and withstands the operating temperature and ripple current requirements for the Army��s envisioned hybrid electric vehicle. TPL has extensive experience in the development of nano-composite material systems for advanced dielectric properties and associated high performance capacitors. The capacitor is projected to have a packaged specific capacitance > 1.2 ��F/cm3, an operating temperature range of -40 to +200 �aC and adapt easily to converter circuits and cooling systems.

Global Embedded Technologies, Inc. 23900 Freeway Park Drive Farmington Hills, MI 48335
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(248) 888-9696 Mark Stanczak ARMY 08-156 Awarded: 3/1/2009
Title:	Power Management for a Safe and Robust Vehicle-Grid Solution
Abstract:	Mobile military operations often require the use of generators for power. The loss of power due to a generator failure can compromise survivability. A military vehicle offers an option to quickly restore power, but misuse by demanding too much power by can destroy the vehicle�s power system, possibly worsening an already bad situation. Use of several military vehicles together would spread the power demand burden, but compatibility of disjointed sources is a issue. This is a power export challenge. Likewise, military vehicles contain advanced technology for surveillance and defense. When stationary power is available, vehicle assets should be used without having to burn fuel or deplete the vehicle�s batteries. Future electric vehicles will depend on power sources to recharge batteries. This is a power import challenge. This program addresses the challenges of vehicle power export and import by using advanced power management to provide safe and robust power solutions that will not compromise the primary mission of the vehicle.

US Hybrid 445 Maple Ave. Torrance, CA 90503
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 212-1200 Abas Goodarzi ARMY 08-156 Awarded: 3/1/2009
Title:	Exportable Vehicle Power Using Cognitive Power Management
Abstract:	A network of the Distributed exportable power Generation "DG" with each DG capable of having local power and energy management. The main power and energy control is based on the real time power generation and the reserve capacity of the DG unit. All DG units communicate via CAN J1939 with local and remote operation option. Each DG is capable of 4-quadrant P-Q operation.

IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 200 Canal View Blvd Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 424-1990 Carl A. Palmer ARMY 08-157 Awarded: 12/16/2008
Title:	Drinking Water Quality Sensor System (Dr. Watsen)
Abstract:	Impact Technologies, in cooperation with Dr. Lynn Fuller of Rochester Institute of Technology, with oversight from SFA's Defense Products Division (DPD) who produce the Tactical Water Purification System (TWPS) for the military, proposes to develop a MEMS based sensor platform that integrates several key water quality tests into a single chip. These tests are pH, free residual chlorine, turbidity, temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), and biological contaminants. This system will provide soldiers in the field with real-time monitoring of their water supply to guard against disease and toxic agents. Key tasks for Phase I include: 1) Finalizing sensing technologies to measure desired parameters, 2) Designing and producing prototype MEMS chips, 3) Packaging prototypes for testing - developing supporting electronics to perform signal conditioning and data analysis, 4) Determining metrics of successful system operation based upon currently accepted standards of water quality monitoring: characterizing the MEMS sensor performance 5) Comparing MEMS system performance to that of commercially available water monitoring systems and sensors 6) Identifying and integrating necessary system modifications to meet Army goals for the Phase II effort. 7) Determine the path towards deployment as part of productization for potable water systems in Phase II and beyond.

SYNTROTEK CORP. 2525 Arapahoe Ave. Suite E4-164 Boulder, CO 80302
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(720) 841-7852 Ross C. Thomas ARMY 08-157 Awarded: 11/25/2008
Title:	Microfluidic Sensors for In-line Water Monitoring Applications
Abstract:	The proposed SBIR project addresses the U.S. Army�s desire to confirm, on a real-time basis, the quality of drinking water supplies produced by Military tactical water purification systems that are used to ensure the safety of U.S. soldiers. The development/commercialization of new microfluidic sensors, as discussed herein, provides an innovative solution for reliably integrating together a multitude of water quality measurements (i.e., TDS, pH, turbidity, free chlorine residual, temperature, TOC, DO, conductivity, etc.) inside an autonomous, in-line sensor package. For example, microfluidic-based sensors (i.e., MEMs, Micro Analytical Systems, Lab-On-A-Chip Devices, etc.) have unprecedented commercial potential for enabling new water monitoring breakthroughs for military, government and commercial sector applications. Value-added benefits that make microfluidic sensors commercially attractive include: low end-user costs, simple/non-technical deployment capabilities, device ruggedness, fast response times and excellent sensitivity/selectivity to the desired target analytes in the presence of chemical/physical interferences. Phase I research efforts will focus on demonstrating the technical efficacy of the proposed microfluidic sensor technology in relation to commercially available water quality sensors/analyzers, which are presently used to continually (versus periodically) verify the proper operation of water purification systems in real time.

Materia, Inc. 60 N. San Gabriel Blvd Pasadena, CA 91107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 584-8400 Farshad J. Motamedi ARMY 08-159 Awarded: 2/12/2009
Title:	Advanced Additives to Improve Fire Resistant Fuels (FRF)
Abstract:	The Army needs a fire resistant fuel (FRF) that is safe from incendiary threat, limiting the ability of the enemy to use fuel as a weapon. We propose a fuel additive that will severely reduce the vulnerability of Army vehicles upon ballistic impact by preventing the fuel forming a mist of small droplets, inhibiting explosive combustion and flame propagation. Recent discoveries at Caltech have led to the design of an associative polymeric additive that will overcome limitations inherent in previous efforts by the Army and the aviation industry to develop mist-control FRFs. Such materials will represent a disruptive advance, combining effectiveness at extremely low concentrations (<1000 ppm), resistance to shear degradation, little-to-no impact on fuel performance or logistics, and no increase in fuel toxicity. Materia proposes to develop these mist-control polymeric additives at acceptable cost using its Nobel Prize winning metathesis technologies, working with Caltech and JPL. In Phase I, we will demonstrate associative polymeric additives effective as FRF. In Phase II, we will scale up the synthesis to enable large scale Army tests. In both Phases we will consult with the Southwest Research Institute to collaborate on a diversity of experiments relevant to full-scale implementation as the project evolves.

VECNA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 5004 Lehigh Avenue College Park, MD 20740
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 864-0636 Andreas Hofmann ARMY 08-160 Awarded: 12/18/2008
Title:	Intelligent Multi-modal Ground Robotic Mobility
Abstract:	The Army has a critical need for high performance robotic mobility platforms that can quickly and efficiently traverse challenging terrain, particularly those that would be encountered in a wartime urban environment. In order to accomplish these tasks, such robotic vehicles must have continuous contact and discrete contact locomotion modalities (e.g., tracks and legs) and must have the intelligence to automatically select and operate in the mode most suitable and efficient for the current situation. The proposed ultra-mobile unmanned vehicle platform features an automatically adaptable locomotion articulation. Key innovations include a novel hybrid/tracked mobility platform design with sufficient degrees of freedom and range of motion to allow for a great variety of interesting locomotion modes, a novel rotary hydraulic actuator with high strength, high range of motion, high speed, and adjustable compliance. An advanced control system supports highly energy efficient operation, thus increasing mission time between recharge/refueling. An advanced navigation system analyzes the local terrain in the vicinity of the robot, automatically plans locomotion trajectories in terms of center of mass, foot placements, and track movement, and then executes this plan. This mobility platform will provide a significant mobility improvement over wheeled systems.

CELLULAR MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 2 Boar's Head Lane Charlottesville, VA 22903
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 977-1405 Yellapu V. Murty ARMY 08-161 Awarded: 12/16/2008
Title:	Tactical Vehicle Underbody Blast Energy Absorber Kit
Abstract:	CMI proposes a MicroTrussTM armor solution which is capable of absorbing at least 30% of a blast equivalent to a STANAG 4569 Level 2 Blast (6 kg of explosives detonated under the center of the vehicle at a standoff of 16�, or roughly equal to the clearance height of a Humvee less the depth of the proposed armor solution). By absorbing this blast energy, the armor will minimize damage to the vehicle skin and reduce the vertical lift and the internal g-forces. This armor solution will weigh less than 20 psf and will be able to be produced cost-effectively.

---------- NAVY ----------

249 Phase I Selections from the 08.2 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

Fortress Technologies 4023 Tampa Rd. Oldsmar, FL 34677
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 692-2578 Magued Barsoum NAVY 08-103 Awarded: 6/23/2009
Title:	Autonomic Logistics Tactical Logistics Data Communcation Network
Abstract:	Fortress utilizes its MacroMesh� technology to create highly dynamic and robust networks with self-forming, self-healing, path-optimizing capabilities that can support thousands of wireless mesh nodes in a highly mobile network. To accomplish this, MacroMesh incorporates both proactive and reactive routing algorithms into a layer 2 meshing protocol that requires less than 5% of the bandwidth for control traffic regardless of the network size. Furthermore, Fortress has implemented FIPS certified Layer 2 AES encryption to protect both the data in transit and the network itself, complying with the various government wireless and security policies. Fortress has implemented these technologies into both wireless infrastructures, such as the ES520. The Fortress ES520 enables organizations to rapidly establish a high-performance wireless mesh network by combining the functions of an access point, switch, wireless bridge and security gateway in a form factor engineered specifically for harsh outdoor environments. The ES520 weighs less than 5 lbs and uses less than 12 watts of power while providing superior performance in distance and throughput. Coupled with industry leading client support, Fortress offers an end-to-end solution that supports robust communications from the vehicle to the Warfighter or first responder under high tempo mobility. Fortress has extensive experience providing tactical wireless solutions that provide broadband quality networking (voice, video and data) in environments where there is little or no centralized control, no available infrastructure and no reliance on aerial relay nodes. Fortress products are currently deployed in many of the world�s most demanding environments. The U.S. Army selected Fortress to protect what is one of today�s largest tactical Wi-Fi installations in Iraq consisting of over 11,000 wireless access points and 8,000 Fortress gateways. The Texas National Guard is relying on next generation �Rapid Response Communications Kits� from Fortress to quickly establish communications in dynamic environments which have no existing infrastructure. Supporting operations in these environments has required an innovative and integrated approach.

Oberon, Inc. 1315 S. Allen St. suite 410 State College, PA 16801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 867-2312 doug kelly NAVY 08-103 Awarded: 6/24/2009
Title:	Autonomic Logistics Tactical Logistics Data Communcation Network
Abstract:	The IEEE 802.15.4 standard specifies a low rate, spread spectrum, wireless sensor networking technology. Many commercial vendors have begun to develop low cost RF transceivers based on this standard, due to its robust, mesh networking capability. Building on this foundation, the ZigBee industry alliance has been working towards dynamic, self-organizing, scalable mesh networking algorithms based on the 802.15.4 transceivers. Leveraging this rapidly emerging commercial technology, Oberon proposes to investigate the use of 802.15.4 standard compliant components to develop autonomic logistics nodes that have the capability for robust, self-organizing, dynamic, scalable communications in a tactical environment. As shall be discussed, the 802.15.4 technology basis is far better suited than 802.11 (Wi-Fi) or 802.16 (Wi-Max) networking technology due to its intrinsic, standards based meshing capability, native low duty cycle synchronization, and superior RF propagation properties. However, opportunities abound to improve an open architecture for node synchronization, node discovery, self- organization, and in-transit visibility of supporting logistics to a central operations vehicle. Oberon proposes to collaborate with researchers from Penn State University�s Department of Supply Chain and Information Systems/ Marine Corps Logistics Education Program to codify specific requirements for the autonomic logistics system, which can leverage advances in commercially based, advanced 802.15.4 transceiver technology.

On-Ramp Wireless, Inc. 16885 West Bernardo Drive, Suite 255 San Diego, CA 92127
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 592-6008 Robert Boesel NAVY 08-103 Awarded: 6/23/2009
Title:	A Robust, Mobile, Scalable Sensor Networking Communications System
Abstract:	On-Ramp Wireless has developing a highly innovative and disruptive new wireless networking technology called Ultra Link Processing (ULP) to address the necessary communications requirements of a wide area mobile networking system. To date, the performance of free spectrum physical layers (PHYs) (e.g., 802.15.4, 802.11x) and proprietary PHY extensions for such networking have not delivered acceptable solutions. This has resulted in fragmented implementations and significant system complexity and cost. A radically different physical layer and modem signal processing architecture is proposed to address flexible networking with superior performance in challenging radio environments and large geographic areas. In particular, the wireless requirements of the Autonomic Logistics program are well satisfied by this technology. Key features include: reliable communication in a urban environment of 2-3 miles in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, a 25-fold advantage in range over existing protocols; highly robust in high multi-path environments and highly jam-resistant; 25x capacity advantage over other protocols due to simultaneous link demodulation enabling thousands of nodes and efficient use of spectrum; and efficient new mesh networking protocol that can support 100s of network hops - link budget edge plus simultaneous signal demodulation, decreasing coordination requirements.

EY Technologies Div. of Pascale Industries, Inc. 939 Currant Road Fall River, MA 02720
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 673-3307 Vikram Sharma NAVY 08-104 Awarded: 6/12/2009
Title:	Engineered Controlled Permeability Fibrous Membrane composite with Active Chemical Biological Deactivation Finish and No Melt No Drip F/R Fabric Liner
Abstract:	Single Layer Non-Woven Material with desired functionalities of Chemical and Biological, Thermal Protection, Water Repellency, and Durability would be similar to NST funded research material integrated with archaic Activated Carbon Fiber technology. EYT contends a lightweight composite material can be achieved by integrating, adapting functional components with low risk and desired functionalities for Uniform Combat Material. Although Nonwovens provide correct guidance, there are some fundamental issues: Not Quiet, Poor CD Strength, Poor Hand, cannot be Post Treated and do not yield to body movements. Activated Carbon technology is deficient technology for CB protection - absorption of environment pollutant irrespective of CB threat). EYT proposes to develop and demonstrate the following technologies to generate a multi-layer composite that has: o CB Protection through Controlled Air Permeable Fibrous Electro-Spun and Melt Blown Fibrous Membranes o Application and Integration of Reactive Nanoparticle Chemical Treatments for Neutralizing CB Warfare Agents o Bi-Layer no Melt No Drip fabrics for Fire and Thermal Protection o Superhydrophobicity - grafting low surface tension chemicals EYT has teamed with leading academic (UMass, UTK, MIT) and Industrial partners (Polartec, BlackDiamond) for this effort integrating Reactive Nanoparticles for CB Neutralization, controlled airpermeable fibrous membranes and No Melt No Drip F/R fabrics.

Nanosyntex 303 North Fairmont Avenue Suite 201 Morristown, TN 37814
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(423) 587-2555 Vasanth Narayanan NAVY 08-104 Awarded: 6/12/2009
Title:	Development of Single-Layer Universal Combat Uniform Material
Abstract:	A single layer Universal Combat Uniform offering FR, CB, and WR protection would be extremely advantageous on the battlefield allowing for rapid deployment, ease of use and comfort of wear. Nanosyntex�s approach will be to produce a single layered nonwoven fabric via its patented multi-tiered composite technology using high performance inherently FR fibers having excellent flame and thermal resistance on the inner and outer surfaces with a layer of CB protective substrate inserted into the middle of the structure. This unique multi-tiered composite will be hydroentangled via a spunlace process to produce a fabric with good breathability, comfort and hand. The fabric will then be post-treated using NST's proprietary treatments to provide durability and water repellant characteristics. Using this approach, the outside of the fabric can be designed with a tough outer shell offering good thermal, flame and abrasion resistance. The middle layer will consist of a CB protective substrate such as activated carbon, carbon nanotubes or alternate substrate. And the inner layer will be comprised of fibers offering good thermal protection while providing excellent softness and comfort. NST demonstrated the ability to produce this type structure in earlier SBIR work and plans to build on that innovation.

Pelron Corporation 7847 West 47th St Lyons, IL 60534
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(704) 442-9100 Richard Otterson NAVY 08-104 Awarded: 6/17/2009
Title:	Development of Single-Layer Universal Combat Uniform Material
Abstract:	Protective garments such as the current (JSLIST) commonly use double layer construction consisting of outer shell and inner liner that provides CB protection. The ultimate uniform is bulky, heavy and very expensive due to this design. This SBIR offers an integrated single layer lightweight laminate incorporating CB, WR and FR protection. FR protection would be equivalent or better than existing systems. CB protection would be as outlined in the solicitation and water repellence would be augmented. The laminate from this SBIR would be taken forward in to uniform manufacture. The key challenges to providing a universal garment system lie in addressing the major contributing factor to bulk and weight, the CBRN package. This is currently carbon based with the added disadvantage of being time lined in its performance leading to increased cost overall. This SBIR will develop and use unique and novel membrane laminates to replace the carbon whilst maintaining a high degree of breathability and comfort. The end garments will be significantly lighter. The lightweight FR fabric will offer enhanced FR and WR provided by unique and novel polymer coatings. Any enhancement would be durable and highly water repellent

ASPEN PRODUCTS GROUP, INC. 186 CEDAR HILL STREET MARLBOROUGH, MA 01752
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 481-5058 Richard Simmers NAVY 08-105 Awarded: 6/15/2009
Title:	Efficient, Low Emission Generator
Abstract:	Small diesel gensets (less than 5 kW) used by the military are often sized for maximum loads, but are run usually run at only partial load. This leads to poor fuel economy, wet- stacking, and the reliability problems associated with it. Aspen Products Group, Inc. proposes to eliminate the problem of wet-stacking by co-firing the diesel engine with a hydrogen-rich syngas to facilitate complete fuel combustion. The syngas will be generated by an onboard reformer add-on that feeds directly into the air intake of the engine.

Creare Inc. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Jeffrey Breedlove NAVY 08-105 Awarded: 6/22/2009
Title:	Turbocharger and Electrically Buffered Control System for Military Generators
Abstract:	Diesel generators that operate at partial power can experience wet stacking, low efficiency, and poor exhaust emissions. These problems create excessive maintenance, reduced lifetime, high fuel consumption, and poor air quality. Although exhaust treatment systems can improve air quality, most technologies are impeded and/or damaged by high sulfur fuels used in some areas. The costs associated with these deficiencies are significant. As a result, we propose to develop simple, cost-effective techniques to address these shortfalls. Specifically, we plan to modify existing generator designs to include turbochargers and Electrically Buffered Control Systems (EBCSs). This work will leverage Creare�s extensive experience with turbomachines and thermodynamic systems, and their electronic controls. Our approach utilizes a large number of commercially-available components to minimize cost. We expect savings from reduced maintenance and fuel consumption to exceed the cost of implementing our technology. During Phase I, we will optimize our approach for a specific military generator, quantify its impacts, and estimate implementation costs. We will retrofit several generators with our design features during Phase II and conduct laboratory and field tests.

Kashmerick Engine Systems LLC 1120 Winston Park Court Brookfield, WI 53045
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(262) 827-0495 Gerald Kashmerick NAVY 08-105 Awarded: 6/12/2009
Title:	Efficient, Low Emission Generator
Abstract:	This proposed Phase I effort seeks to advance, and demonstrate feasibility of, a patent- pending technology design to address engine-related concerns in small generators as experienced by the Marine Corps and others. The Marine Corps states that small military generators frequently operate at low loads (below maximum mission profile load) and experience wet-stacking and low thermal efficiency. In addition to addressing these issues, the Marine Corps has also expressed its desire to achieve lower emissions and operational capability across a variety of fuels including diesel and JP-8. These areas can be addressed with an innovative concept to modify a 4-cycle engine into a 6-cycle continuous combustion engine. This system uses the piston/cylinder assembly and a unique valve strategy to compress air, transfer air to an insulated combustion chamber, and transfer the high pressure gases back to the piston/cylinder for power extraction. With load following controls, lower emissions, and the complete combustion of fuel inherent within this proposed engine system, Phase I will evaluate the system feasibility through comprehensive thermodynamic analysis, analysis of thermal and pressure losses associated with valve design, and determining design boundaries of the insulated combustion chamber to achieve enhanced combustion without compromising system life or thermal efficiency.

Applied Technology Associates 1300 Britt SE Albuquerque, NM 87123
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 767-1202 Henry Sebesta NAVY 08-106 Awarded: 3/31/2009
Title:	MHD Earth Referenced Azimuth Detector (MERAD)
Abstract:	Applied Technology Associates (ATA) proposes to develop a miniature, rapid, non- magnetic azimuth sensor by exploiting innovative magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) inertial angular rate sensing technology. The proposed solution centers upon use of a spinning MHD sensor that outputs a modulated version of Earth rate and offers means of deriving true azimuth. Inertial rate sensing is employed to link the MHD Earth Rate Azimuth Detector�s (MERAD's) orientation accurately to the vector that defines the rotation of the Earth. This avoids the errors inherent in systems that only use magnetic field information. The MERAD technical approach draws on the high signal-to-noise feature of ATA�s MHD sensor technology. The compute intensive nature of the required mechanism control and signal processing algorithms will be implemented in a processor to ensure meeting size and power goals compatible with the need for a man-portable far-target locator capability.

Wavefront Research, Inc. 616 West Broad Street Bethlehem, PA 18018
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 694-9778 Thomas Stone NAVY 08-106 Awarded: 3/31/2009
Title:	NOVEL COMPACT HIGH ACCURACY NON-MAGNETIC AZIMUTH SENSOR THAT IS INSENSITIVE TO LOCAL ENVIRONMENT, INTERFERENCE, AND JAMMING
Abstract:	The goal of this Phase-I SBIR effort is to establish the feasibility, performance, and advantages of advanced azimuth sensors that are non-magnetic, compact, low power, light weight, rugged, insensitive to magnetic interference and electronic jamming, are not dependent on GPS signals, are readily integrated in laser rangefinders and laser designators, and are useful in Battlefield environments. The Phase-I effort includes design, modeling, and experimental demonstration of the feasibility of the novel azimuth sensor. Extensive interaction is planned with Naval and System Prime personnel to optimize characteristics of the azimuth sensor for military system applications. Finally a Phase-II demonstrator will be pre-designed in an option period allowing for transition to a Phase-II effort in which a high performance azimuth sensor system demonstrator will be built and characterized.

ArmorWorks, Inc. 305 N. 54th Street Chandler, AZ 85226
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(480) 598-5707 Marianne Wilhelm NAVY 08-107 Awarded: 6/17/2009
Title:	Flexible Body Armor
Abstract:	Our SBIR Phase I effort focuses on developing a flexible armor system which is capable of meeting current Level IV protection requirements. We plan to use commercially available materials similar to the current armor plates such as the E-SAPI and X-SAPI plates. Our unique design uses multiple shapes of ceramic tiles in a multi-layered configuration. This design will provide flexibility and increased coverage over current systems.

Materials Modification Inc 2809-K Merrilee Drive Fairfax, VA 22031
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 560-1371 T.S. Sudarshan NAVY 08-107 Awarded: 7/29/2009
Title:	Flexible Body Armor
Abstract:	A flexible body armor design is proposed and it will be fabricated and evaluated for its conformance to a soldier�s body movements and for its ballistic efficacy. Shoot packs will be fitted with flexible SAPI plates that will not exceed 8 psf which will then be tested at their most vulnerable locations with armor piercing, M80, APM2, M855, M993 and M995 rounds.

NanoMech, LLC 535 W Research Blvd Suite 135, M/S 100 Fayetteville, AR 72701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(479) 571-2592 Bhavin Parekh NAVY 08-107 Awarded: 6/17/2009
Title:	Flexible Body Armor
Abstract:	To facilitate combat operations and maintain adequate force protection, there is an immediate need for all-around body armor systems for US military forces. This need has driven advancement in developing, evaluating, modifying, and incorporating new and commercial protective materials and technologies for meeting the goal of flexible, light weight and more effective armor protection systems. Specifically, this project will focus on developing an innovative design that integrates boron carbide (B4C) nanoparticles as reinforcing or filler phases into commercial protective polymeric fabric materials such as Kevlar and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) to enhance their strength, toughness and ballistic performance. The innovative design, materials, and fabrication process proposed in this project will substantially improve the durability of soft body armor systems, while reducing the mass and bulk size, covering contoured areas of the body for US service men and women. Similar benefits are expected for law enforcement teams working to strengthen US borders and security. Based on successful demonstration of the feasibility in Phase I, the NanoMech team will optimize the process, develop quality control criteria and explore scale-up of the manufacturing process for its repeatability, reproducibility, and durability for mass production in Phase II.

Eltron Research & Development, Inc. 4600 Nautilus Court South Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 530-0263 Michael Pierce NAVY 08-108 Awarded: 6/17/2009
Title:	Wireless Battery Charging Methods for Distributed Soldier Electronic Devices
Abstract:	Today�s leading technology for wireless medium power transfer (less than 1kva) from a power transmission station to a load(s) is made possible by means of a magnetically linked resonant power transmission system. This system differs from a magnetically coupled transformer system in that for the magnetically linked resonant system the power transmitter and load(s) are operating at the same center frequency, with a very narrow bandwidth. In the Phase I project, we will demonstrate the ease, reliability and effective range that Eltron�s system has. Eltron�s system design takes full advantage of system impedance matching using a custom, unidirectional power emitter and spherical receiver antenna to maintain system�s frequency and phase lock, producing a power transfer efficiency exceeding 75%. Eltron�s system can be modified to accommodate unattended, untethered automatic recharging of a single cell to multi-celled secondary battery power pack used in portable equipment. The equipment containing the secondary batteries can be placed at a varying distance within two to three meters and at any arbitrary rotation relative to the charging system�s emitter. Internal to the stated equipment will be a smart battery charger that regulates the batteries� charge, depending on the number of batteries it contains.

Infoscitex Corporation 303 Bear Hill Road Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 890-1338 James Goldie NAVY 08-108 Awarded: 6/19/2009
Title:	Wireless Battery Charging Methods for Distributed Soldier Electronic Devices
Abstract:	An inductive power transfer approach is proposed, in which a backpack-deployed central power source will deliver power omni-directionally to battery-powered devices also borne by the Warfighter. Charge will be maintained in batteries without removal from the devices they are powering and without the need for cables and connectors. Phase I will address the major technical challenges, including integration of the transmitter unit into the backpack and the receiver units into the battery holders of battery-powered devices; the tradeoff between device weight and transmission efficiency; and safety and detectability. Tasks during the Phase I base program will include (1) requirements definition for battery charging for a thermal weapon sight and/or other critical items, (2) design and construction of a power transmission prototype suitable for this application, (3) test of the prototype, in order to demonstrate its capability and to identify necessary design modifications, and (4) development of plots clearly presenting the major design tradeoffs. The Phase I Option will develop and document a full-scale design for a specific battery-powered item agreed to with Marine personnel, both with engineering drawings and illustrations and with a physical mockup.

Physical Optics Corporation Information Technologies 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Kevin Degrood NAVY 08-108 Awarded: 3/31/2009
Title:	Wireless Battery Charging by Adaptive Inductive Coupling
Abstract:	In response to the Navy need for wireless battery charging methods for distributed electronic equipment worn or carried by the soldier, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a novel wireless battery charging system using inductive coupling. Called the Battery Inductive Coupling Adaptive Recharger (BICAR) system, it incorporates such innovations as adaptive inductive coupling, a magnetomechanical-adaptive receiver module, advanced power management, algorithms, and a graphical user interface to remotely recharge batteries. The GUI profiles a given alternating power source conversion for a given battery, in terms of power and voltage, including its aging stage. The BICAR operates over wide electromagnetic frequency (60-400 Hz) and voltage ranges. It recharges typical Marine Corps devices such as the mounted thermal weapons scope. In Phase I, POC will construct a preliminary BICAR prototype and demonstrate the feasibility of the concept. By the end of Phase II, a BICAR prototype at TRL-5 will be demonstrated to the Navy.

PowerPad Inc. DBA WiPower 370 CTR POINTE CIR ALTAMONTE , FL 32701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 402-6387 Ryan Tseng NAVY 08-108 Awarded: 3/31/2009
Title:	Wireless Battery Charging Methods for Distributed Soldier electronic Devices
Abstract:	A problem is endangering American soldiers all over the world. Heavy individual batteries and restrictive cables are known to encumber a soldier�s mobility in combat situations. This project aims to determine the feasibility of a wireless, centralized power system that has the potential to free soldiers from wires and individual batteries, thereby improving their efficacy on the battlefield. A wireless power system designed to supply the electronics carried by a soldier, should have a range of approximately 30cm. Additionally, the system must be cost effective, efficient, lightweight, and reliable. Our company has previously created a wireless power technology that can supply energy to handheld electronics over a short distance. WiPower has spent four years researching the most efficient way to transfer power across a range of less than 1 cm. Current methodologies allow our wireless system to perform similarly to a conventional corded power supply. Our prior research indicates that our technology is a high potential candidate to meet the needs of soldiers. The research conducted during Phase I will determine the feasibility of a 30 cm range for WiPower technology. If this range is achieved, soldiers and vehicles could be equipped with wireless power in the near future.

Agiltron Corporation 15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Jack Salerno NAVY 08-109 Awarded: 3/13/2009
Title:	Wireless Sensor Nodes with Energy Harvesters for Joint Weapons Systems Diagnostics/Prognostics
Abstract:	In this SBIR program, Agiltron proposes to develop a new class of wireless sensor nodes with integrated energy harvesters, which will be indefinitely self-powered, for use in Light Armored Vehicle (LAV) environments. The proposed effort leverages on industry- wide development in ultra-low power sensors and low-power wireless sensor network modules (IEEE 1451.5 standard), as well as Agiltron�s recently demonstrated energy harvesting technology. The proposed device and system design would enable high power harvesting efficiencies, superior reliability, a small packaged footprint, and at the same time, manufacturable at low system cost, thereby overcoming major shortcomings of existing technologies. The carefully balanced choice of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components and in-house development holds strong promise for near term commercialization. In the Phase I program, sensor nodes with state-of-the-art energy harvesters with ruggedized assembly and packaging that meet the current, voltage, and temperature sensing and wireless transmission requirements in LAV applications will be demonstrated. Fully functional devices will be developed in Phase II.

Luna Innovations Incorporated 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 220-0148 Fritz Friedersdorf NAVY 08-109 Awarded: 3/13/2009
Title:	Wireless Smart Sensor Network for Vehicle Diagnostics and Prognostics
Abstract:	Maintenance activities cost DoD $81 billion a year and maintainers have only limited diagnostic capabilities for weapons systems life cycle management. Advances in sensors, embedded systems, and network information systems, make it possible to achieve unprecedented diagnostics. Luna will leverage advanced MEMS and nanotechnology to develop ultra-miniature smart sensors and network nodes for retrofit into existing weapons systems. Ultra-miniature sensing elements that detect a wide variety of parameters and network nodes will enhance diagnostic capability and coverage of vehicle systems. The wireless smart sensor network will monitor, process, and transmit health and usage information to improve accuracy, speed of diagnosis, and visibility at all organizational levels through shared data environments. During the Phase I effort, the smart sensors and network node hardware and software architecture, and communications protocols will be developed. The smart sensing system will be based on the IEEE 1451 family of standards. Luna will design an ultra-low power system with embedded power management that is compatible with a variety of energy scavenging and power storage devices. System requirements for environmental resistance and attachment to weapons systems will be established. The Phase I program will conclude with a demonstration of a breadboard prototype wireless smart sensor network system.

Physical Optics Corporation Information Technologies 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Daniel Bock NAVY 08-109 Awarded: 3/13/2009
Title:	Wireless Ultraminiature Smart Sensor
Abstract:	To address the Navy need for highly integrated, ultraminiature, nonintrusive, wireless, weapon diagnostics systems, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Wireless Ultraminiature Smart Sensor (WUMSS). This proposed device is based on an ultra low-power RF transceiver that integrates an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a multipoint control unit (MCU) on board for a very small (~0.8 cm diameter x 0.5 cm form factor), low cost (

METSS Corporation 300 Westdale Avenue Westerville, OH 43082
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(614) 797-2200 Robert Kroshefsky NAVY 08-110 Awarded: 6/19/2009
Title:	Hollow Fiber Freeze Thaw Filter
Abstract:	The Marine Corps currently uses an ultrafiltration device to provide safe drinking water in situations where outside supply is not possible and local water sources are of questionable purity. However, the current device is susceptible to freeze/thaw damage that degrades its filtration capabilities to the point where the user may no longer be protected from endemic biological threats. Under the proposed Phase I SBIR program, METSS plans to use its expertise in testing and polymer chemistry to characterize the current failure mechanism and develop improved porous fibers resistant to freeze/thaw damage while still possessing filtration capabilities that meet the Navy�s requirements. This approach will involve commercial industrial support and thus, if fully successful, have an effective plan to provide the product to the Navy.

NanOasis, Inc. 415 Bundy Ave. San Jose, CA 95117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(510) 282-8602 Jason Holt NAVY 08-110 Awarded: 6/19/2009
Title:	Hollow Fiber Freeze Thaw Filter
Abstract:	This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project aims to develop a scalable process for production of nanomaterials-based, high permeability, freeze/thaw resistant membranes for removal of biological contaminants from low salinity water sources. Due to the high membrane permeability, smaller pore sizes can be utilized, offering the ability to remove bacteria and viruses, and thus eliminating an additional decontamination step required with current individual water purification systems.

Separation Systems Technology,Inc., 4901 Morena Boulevard Building 809 San Diego, CA 92117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 581-3765 Robert Riley NAVY 08-110 Awarded: 6/19/2009
Title:	Evaluation of the freeze-thaw behavior of polysulfone hollow-fiber membranes
Abstract:	The continuous delivery of drinking water to military field personnel presents a serious logistical challenge. Each soldier requires an uninterrupted supply of 1.5 to 3.0 gallons of water per day to prevent dehydration. Local water sources may be available but they may be contaminated with indigenous pathogenic organisms, chemical or biological threat agents. Presently, the military has identified an IWP filter with a low enough pressure drop to allow a soldier to drink directly through a reasonably sized filter without undue effort; however, the present filter can not maintain its initial performance after freezing and thawing cycles. Current research suggests that the mechanism of damage is not rupture due to the expansion of the water as it freezes but mechanical damage done by ice crystal growth. The objective is to evaluate the freeze behavior and confirm the failure mode of an IWP filter subjected to freezing and thawing to develop a �practical� solution. The most successful methods will increase the weight and bulk the least and not require any additional consumables. It will not make the resultant system heavy and bulky as to negate the weight and size advantage of the hollow-fiber filtration media.

Aptima, Inc. 12 Gill Street Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(202) 552-6116 Jared Freeman NAVY 08-111 Awarded: 8/19/2009
Title:	Live-Training Objective Performance Measures for After Action Reviews (LOPMAAR)
Abstract:	Live training is the United States Marine Corps� preferred method of training infantry operations. However, such training practices prove difficult in providing detailed assessment of the participants� performance because of a number of factors including the number of participants and the complexity of the tasks performed. While live exercises provide maximum realism and fidelity for infantry operations, no automated assessment of performance is currently available. Efforts are underway to instrument a number of facilities to capture mission rehearsal performance. However, in order to exploit the data collected, the Navy needs to define performance measures for both teams and individuals in these live-training exercises. By automating the computation of these measures and incorporating them into an effective After Action Review process, the Navy can combine the fidelity of live-training exercises with automated measurement and enhanced feedback.

intuVision 100-F Tower Office Park Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 497-1015 Sadiye Guler NAVY 08-111 Awarded: 8/19/2009
Title:	Objective Live-Training Infantry Performance Metrics for Automated After Action Review
Abstract:	intuVision will research and develop activity recognition algorithms to analyze live training video and a prototype framework for video-based infantry team training performance assessment tools. The objectives for this prototype system are to (1)recognize partially ordered, multithreaded activities from live training video, (2) automatically identify and tag important actions and points during which discrepancies from expected action sequences occur, (3) adhere to a modular and flexible design for the prototype to be easily integrated into After-Action Review systems to be used by instructors.

Primordial, Inc. 1835 Energy Park Drive Saint Paul, MN 55108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(651) 659-6762 Randy Milbert NAVY 08-111 Awarded: 8/19/2009
Title:	Objective Live-Training Infantry Performance Metrics for Automated After Action Review
Abstract:	To conduct effective after-action reviews (AARs) for United States Marine Corps (USMC) live training exercises, instructors need to automate the analysis of captured data and minimize their level of effort. In partnership with ScenPro and Cubic Defense Applications, Primordial proposes Overlord, software that automatically tags relevant events buried in mountains of raw data captured during training, allowing USMC instructors to efficiently evaluate trainees against their expert counterparts. Overlord is based on the ViSSA (Virtual Soldier Skills Assessment) software which ScenPro developed under a phase II Small Business Research and Development (SBIR) contract in 2005. ViSSA automatically detects significant events in a Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS)/High-Level Architecture (HLA)-based virtual environment. Overlord will interface with live instrumented training ranges such as Cubic�s Advanced Systems Architecture for Urban Live Training (ASAULT). Cubic is a world leader in instrumented live training. Composed entirely of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware, ASAULT provides a state of the art position tracking system that reports trainee positions seamlessly between indoor and outdoor environments. ASAULT ranges use industry-standard data formats such as DIS, HLA, and the Test and Training Enabling Architecture (TENA). Overlord will be capable of analyzing object data captured in all of these formats.

Eltron Research & Development, Inc. 4600 Nautilus Court South Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 530-0263 Jesse Taylor NAVY 08-113 Awarded: 3/13/2009
Title:	New Composite Boron Doped Diamond Coatings for Electrochemcial Oxidation
Abstract:	This project will result in new, composite boron doped diamond (BDD) coatings for inexpensive metal substrates that will provide superior electrodes with improved water purification properties as well as excellent adherence and corrosion-resistance. Eltron�s composite BDD coatings contain no organic binders or materials that will be susceptible to attack by the extremely powerful reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by a salt- free electrochemical (EC) oxidation. The coatings cure at low temperatures, eliminating the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch problems seen between other BDD coatings and substrates. In other applications, the coatings have shown conductivity that can be precisely tuned for specific applications. In addition, the coatings have been shown to be extremely adherent to metal, ceramic, and plastic substrates, providing good contact and a rugged electrode. The use of BDD coated electrodes will enable a salt-free EC oxidation process that reduces consumables and improves stability and ruggedness. The BDD coatings will allow sturdy electrodes and easy electrical connection to the EC system in a rugged way, suitable for military field use.

Luna Innovations Incorporated 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 220-9442 James Dante NAVY 08-113 Awarded: 3/13/2009
Title:	Boron Doped Diamond Electrodes for an Electrochemical Oxidation Treatment to Disinfect Potable Water Sources
Abstract:	Electrochemical oxidation technologies are frequently used by military forces to create disinfectant solutions for individual use water treatment. However, current technologies suffer from degradation of system components because of the added salt required for the oxidation processes. Further, over time, high overpotentials result in the slow oxidation of the DSA electrodes reducing system efficiency. Certain impurities in the feed stock salt can also complex with and degrade the DSA electrodes. To solve these issues, the Luna team proposes the use of high performance electrode (HPE) materials to create oxidizing solutions without the use of feed stock salt. The creation of ozone and hydroxyl free radicals will be facilitated by the use of boron doped diamond (BDD) electrodes. The efficiency in the reduction of harmful microbial species will be increased by exploring methods to enhance the electrode area per unit volume of solution for a given nominal surface dimension. The maximization of electrode efficiency will reduce interaction times required between source water and the electrode to achieve the specified log reduction of microbiological species and thus reduce power and size specifications for the final device. The end result will be a small, portable, and cost effective device to disinfect potable water.

Vesitech, Inc 300 Dunstan Street Suite 2 Hancock, MI 49930
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(906) 483-4080 Janet Metsa NAVY 08-113 Awarded: 3/16/2009
Title:	Novel Carbon Foam Electrodes for Electrochemical Oxidation and Capacitive Deionization
Abstract:	The novel staged electrochemical oxidation/ capacitive deionization (EO/CDI) treatment system proposed here is based upon a multi-stage treatment approach using: (1) physical filtration to remove macroscopic solid particles, followed by (2) capacitive deionization (CDI) with a novel activated mesocarbon foam, (3) a unique flow-through electrochemical oxidation cell which both promotes direct oxidation at the electrode surface while producing soluble oxidizing compounds (e.g. ozone, hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and solvated electrons) in situ, and (4) a second CDI stage to remove by products produced during oxidation and/or salts. For the current solicitation, probably the most important novel feature of the EO/CDI process is its effectiveness in simultaneously oxidizing chemical contaminants, capturing metal ions, inactivating bacteria, viruses, and other water-borne microorganisms with a low power input and a low pressure drop. The EO/CDI technology, if successful, would allow the point-of-use treatment of available water supplies. It has the capability for use in individual units while retaining the ability for scale-up to small stationary water treatment plants. The electrode materials are effective and inexpensive. EO/CDI could provide protection from inorganic and organic compounds in water while minimizing the potential for producing disinfection by-products (DBP�s), sludges, and harmful residues.

Faraday Technology, Inc. 315 Huls Drive Clayton, OH 45315
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 836-7749 Heather McCrabb NAVY 08-114 Awarded: 2/12/2009
Title:	Faradayic Bulk Anodizing of Aluminum Parts for Small Arms
Abstract:	This SBIR program addresses the need for an innovative manufacturing process for bulk anodizing of a large number of small aluminum alloy parts, by cominbing bulk anodizing with a sophisticated electrochemical anodization technique and an innovative cell design. The anticipated results in this Phase I SBIR program include (1) development of a Faradayic anodizing process that meets the need for anodized layer thicknesses of 0.001 to 0.002 inches without deleterious surface problems, 2) process enhancement by combination with a hydrodynamic flow scheme that improves uniformity over current practices, 3) conceptual design of pilot-scale hardware that would be built in Phase II, 4) identification of a range of parts that would be investigated in Phase II, and 5) a detailed commercialization strategy for initially meeting the military need and then transitioning to a commercial need. Phase II will extend the development and validation program for both the parts of interest to the U.S. Air Force and the manufacturing process, with an extensive testing program. At the successful completion of the Phase I and II programs, our technology team will have demonstrated the novel bulk anodizing process and the associated enabling hardware at a Manufacturing Readiness Level of ~5.

Materials & Electrochemical Research (MER) Corp. 7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 574-1980 James Withers NAVY 08-114 Awarded: 2/24/2009
Title:	A Unique Process for the Bulk Anodizing of Small Aluminum Parts
Abstract:	Currently, small aluminum parts are racked on aluminum prongs for anodizing which is time consuming, ineffective and costly. Bulk anodizing of small parts without the need for individual racking of parts has become a necessity for anodizing small arms parts to reduce cost, and enhance performance and reliability including uniformity of the anodized layer. Barrel type anodizing in state-of-the-art acid solutions is not effective due to the intermediate and poor anodic electrical contact. A different green manufacturing approach not involving solutions that achieves a conductive medium orders of magnitude more conductive than acid anodizing solutions permits bulk barrel type processing to achieve a uniform anodic oxide conversion coating on small aluminum parts at a foster rate. A small scale system will be fabricated without the need for individual racking of parts and bulk processing demonstrated to produce uniform oxide conversion layers/anodization on several aluminum alloys which will be characterized and compared to state-of-the-art anodizing processes. A conceptional pilot design for bulk anodizing will be prepared.

Texas Research Institute Austin, Inc. 9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 263-2101 Rock Rushing NAVY 08-114 Awarded: 2/17/2009
Title:	Anodizing of Aluminum Parts for Small Arms
Abstract:	Individual racking of parts during anodization processes is time consuming and inefficient. The objective of this proposed effort is to develop a process that can anodize large number of small parts, fabricated from aluminum alloys, using a non-racking approach while maintaining high surface quality to meet military standards. Two fixture design concepts, batch process and a non-racking fixture, are proposed. In the batch fixture design, ballasts made of porous metal foam are employed to eliminate surface defects due to contacting aluminum parts. The non-racking fixture utilizes highly porous metal foam as the electrical contact to allow maximum electrolyte diffusion, and minimize contact marks. Fixtures are attached to a vibrating axel for maximum agitation, and pulse anodizing methods are applied to achieve better surface finish quality. TRI/Austin will be teaming with two companies to assist in the development of anodizing fixtures and processes. Analytical tests will be conducted to evaluate the anodic film properties including visual appearance, film thickness, Rockwell hardness, abrasion, and corrosion resistance. The results of this research will be an efficient bulk anodizing process that is capable of high volume yield and outstanding surface finish quality.

AGILTRON CORP. 15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Yuanxin Shou NAVY 08-115 Awarded: 8/19/2008
Title:	Low Bend Loss and Rugged Graded Index Multimode Fiber for Ribbon Cable Application
Abstract:	Agiltron and StockerYale team proposes to develop a new class of multimode fiber that is more durable, reliable, and tight-bending to replace the current mil-spec qualified fibers used in aerospace. Our approach is a combination of a proven trench assistant design principle optimization and effective carbon coating. The new class of multimode fiber has attributes that is 100 times more bendable than standard 50/125 graded index multimode fiber, fully compatible with Gigabit Ethernet Standard, has low splice loss with conventional 50/125 multimode fiber, can withstand more fatigue with a large stress corrosion factor, and is amendable to be produced by matured optical fiber processes. In this Phase-I program, the basic concept will be modeled and the proof-of-concept fiber samples will be purchased and tested, to demonstrate the feasibility of the technology, and to finalize the fiber perform design and establish the performance characteristics of the product in Phase-II.

HYBRID GLASS TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Princeton Corporate Plaza 1 Deer park Drive, Suite I Monmouth , NJ 08852
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 329-8087 Anna . Wojcik NAVY 08-115 Awarded: 9/4/2008
Title:	Rugged and Durable Fiber Optic Replacement
Abstract:	Hybrid Glass Technologies, Inc. (HGT) proposes to design and develop a rugged and durable drop-in fiber replacement that would provide a versatile platform for a number of photonic network-centric military avionic network applications. The key improvement over the currently used technology will be provided by the fiber coating material called hybrid glass that meets the military adverse environmental conditions. Specifically the hybrid glass coating will provide the fibers with enhanced bending strength, robustness, high temperature and environmental durability. Additional benefits include small fiber diameter, minimal bend radius, and ease of termination. The hybrid glass coating has already proven to provide the fiber with higher strength characteristics and the resistance to breaks during bending and handling therefore will require less cable protection than the current silica-based fiber optic material. The hybrid glass coating will be applied on 50 micron core graded index multimode fiber and 9 micron mode field diameter bend- insensitive single-mode fibers to provide -55 to +165 �C operation over a 100 meter transmission distance. In addition, we propose to develop a strippable coating and to design a drop-in cable plant replacement incorporating hybrid glass coated fibers into improved cable, fiber ribbon using epoxy-free connectors.

LINDEN PHOTONICS, INC. 270 Littleton Road, Unit #29 Westford, MA 01886
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 392-7985 Amaresh Mahapatra NAVY 08-115 Awarded: 8/21/2008
Title:	Rugged and Durable Fiber Optic Replacement
Abstract:	Optical fibers are extensively used in military aircraft, both as interconnects in electronic cards and as interconnects in aircraft frames. Fiber ribbons used in computer cards suffer significant breakage failures, usually close to the connectors and at points where they have been tacked to prevent movement. Fiber cables suffer �maintenance induced breaks� when, for example, a heavy object falls on them or they are bent sharply at an anchor point. Both these situations would benefit from development of a rugged, durable optical replacement fiber. Ideally it should be a drop-in replacement for currently used fiber. Linden proposes the use of a new class of materials for use as extruded optical fiber buffer. The new materials will have high strength, low cold creep, high flexibility and kink resistant. Fibers using the new buffer can be used in both ribbon and cable constructions. The fibers will be a drop in replacement and compatible with MT and 29504 type connector.

HERON SYSTEMS, INC. P.O. Box 921 California, MD 20619
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 757-1583 James Darcey NAVY 08-116 Awarded: 9/10/2008
Title:	Open Data Distribution Service (DDS) for use in a real time simulation laboratory environment
Abstract:	Heron Systems Inc. proposes to investigate using an open source implementation of the Data Distribution Service (DDS) as the key middleware for distributed simulation events involving large scale, computer generated scenarios running in real-time with numerous participating laboratories. During Phase I, the primary objectives are to perform a proof-of �concept demonstration, using OpenDDS from Object Computing Inc., and to specify an API for distributed simulation laboratories to use in working with OpenDDS. This API is expected to include a specification for an automated tool capable of generating all the necessary framework classes for a domain participant. Performance metrics will be collected during Phase I comparing results of existing distributed simulation protocol(s) to the same scenario run on an OpenDDS implementation.

OBJECT COMPUTING, INC. 12140 Woodcrest Executive Drive Suite 250 St. Louis , MO 63141
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(314) 579-0066 Michael Martinez NAVY 08-116 Awarded: 9/11/2008
Title:	Open Data Distribution Service (DDS) for use in a real time simulation laboratory environment
Abstract:	OCI proposes to use the open source OpenDDS product as a baseline for interprocess communication in NAVAIR simulation systems. OCI developed OpenDDS with Navy contractor funding as an open source implementation of the OMG Data Distribution for Real-Time Systems (DDS) specification. OpenDDS version 1.0 was released in July 2007, and OpenDDS 1.1 will be released in June 2008. Further enhancements will result in the release of OpenDDS 1.2 in the Fall of 2008. OCI will identify and design in Phase I the enhancements that are required to OpenDDS to meet the E-2 simulation requirements and will implement those enhancements in the Phase I Option (if awarded) and Phase II. OCI will also offer an open source code generation tool chain utilizing standards-based tools such as UML modeling tools and OMG DDS profile plug-ins to create a model-driven code generation approach for implementing and extending the E-2 simulation system over its lifetime.

TWIN OAKS COMPUTING, INC. 755 Maleta Ln, Ste 203 Castle Rock, CO 80108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(720) 733-7906 Nina Tucker NAVY 08-116 Awarded: 9/15/2008
Title:	Open Data Distribution Service (DDS) for use in a real time simulation laboratory environment
Abstract:	The Navy desires an Open Data Distribution Service (DDS) that is suitable for use in a distributed simulation laboratory environment. The implementation of a distributed simulation environment places heavy demands on technology to provide a valid and accurate simulation capability that is flexible and open. Simulation tools must be capable of supporting extremely short response times and data refresh periodicities, with timelines often measured in milliseconds. At the same time, it is important that these tools be designed with an Open Architecture approach to facilitate interoperability, extensibility, and maintainability.

ADAPTIVE COGNITIVE SYSTEMS 1709 Alpine Ave. Boulder, CO 80304
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 359-9133 Bradley J. Best NAVY 08-117 Awarded: 10/1/2008
Title:	Rapid Tactics Development Using Existing, Low-Cost Virtual Environments
Abstract:	A tremendous need exists for intelligent agents that can be created and edited without resorting to intensive knowledge engineering and programming, and which exhibit believable and variable behavior in the training contexts in which they are deployed. This proposal describes a novel method for creating and editing intelligent agents� behavior based on using instance-based modeling and statistical learning methods that learn from the example of a person interacting in a virtual environment. These methods, which leverage structured knowledge in a hybrid symbolic-subsymbolic approach, support automatic incorporation of assessment feedback directly from the interface into an agent, allowing a domain expert to interact with an agent in a closed feedback loop through a participation in a virtual environment, instead of through lengthy reprogramming by a knowledge engineering expert.

SECURBORATION, INC. 1050 W NASA Blvd Suite 154 Melbourne, FL 32901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 768-2902 Brian Teer NAVY 08-117 Awarded: 9/11/2008
Title:	Rapid Tactics Development Using Existing, Low-Cost Virtual Environments
Abstract:	It is imperative that we enable our training capabilities to evolve rapidly to support changing training needs. This, in turn, requires the capability to rapidly adjust and modify behavior models in an unprecedented manner. This capability is needed in all domains, including air, ground, surface, and subsurface, in both urban and more conventional warfare environments. The Toolkit for Rapid Behavior Modeling (TRBM) will overcome these limitations by enabling constructive behavior models to be developed rapidly and cost effectively. TRBM�s key innovation is its focus on empowering Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) and warfighters to define and modify behavior models on their own. TRBM enables them to accelerate the model development process by executing a new behavior in an existing virtual environment and capturing it for use as a starting point in development of the behavior model. TRBM also uses a simulation-independent representation for its behavior models, which eliminates the need for software engineers or a software development lifecycle in the behavior development process. This will reduce the time, effort, and cost associated with developing new behavior models.

SOAR TECHNOLOGY, INC. 3600 Green Court Suite 600 Ann Arbor, MI 48105
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(207) 649-1895 Randolph Jones NAVY 08-117 Awarded: 9/11/2008
Title:	HBM DEPOT
Abstract:	Current military M&S systems for training and experimentation rely on encoded human behavior models (HBMs) that must be produced and maintained by teams of subject matter experts (SMEs) and professional knowledge engineers (KEs) in an arrangement that can be time-consuming and expensive. The programming by demonstration (PBD) and machine learning paradigms offer solutions, but are not without challenges, typically producing behaviors that are too simple for operational use, require extensive supplementation by a KE and/or require large sets of examples. Soar Technology has formed a team rich in experience with Navy modeling and simulation, HBM development, artificial intelligence, and serious games for training to propose HBM DEPOT, a tool that supplements simulation-based demonstrations with a novel and intuitive guided after- action whiteboarding session based on existing research and tools. This will result in a system that captures demonstrations of Navy Aviation tactics using a low-cost Delta 3D Navy flight simulator and supplements them with an easy to use diagrammatic representation (pre-loaded with Navy Aviation general domain knowledge) and learning algorithm to generate high-quality HBMs. The HBMs will be suitable for use in any virtual environment where intelligent computer generated forces (CGFs) or non-player characters (NPCs) such as a wingman or sophisticated OPFOR are required.

CFD RESEARCH CORP. 215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 726-4824 H. Q. Yang NAVY 08-118 Awarded: 8/18/2008
Title:	A Nonlinear Reduced Order Method with Overset Adaptive Cartesian/Unstructured Grid for Moving Body Simulations
Abstract:	An innovative hybrid nonlinear reduced order method (ROM) for deforming unstructured mesh and overset Cartesian grid for moving body problems is proposed. Utilizing the properties of a maximum 6 degrees of freedom (DOF) of a moving body, the proposed method computes the grid deformation using nonlinear large deformation theory to preserve the original grid quality under each DOF, so that no extra computations are required during the unsteady motion, just matrix-vector multiplications. The introduction of the overset Cartesian method will provide the flexibility when dealing with extremely large deformations and deterioration of grid quality. The present method has the merits of reduced grid distortion, minimum modification to an existing code, efficient moving grid methodology with simple matrix multiplication, and minimized needs of hole-cutting and donor cell searching of overset grid. The Phase I effort is on the testing of each individual components of the method, including nonlinear ROM for unstructured deformation; overset Cartesian grid for coupling with an unstructured grid; a controlling strategy and criteria to switch between the two methods; and the successful demonstration. In Phase II, an API will be developed so that the proposed methodology is generic enough to be utilized by a variety of solvers and flow functions. The technology will be demonstrated on USM3D solver.

D&P LLC 3409 N. 42nd Pl. Phoenix, AZ 85018
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(480) 518-0981 Lei Tang NAVY 08-118 Awarded: 8/20/2008
Title:	An Efficient CFD Algorithm for Store Separation Prediction
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I project proposes to develop an efficient Computational Fluid Dynamics algorithm for store separation prediction. Compared with overset grid approach, the proposed approach avoids the tedious process for fixing the so-called �orphan points�, the failed interpolation grid points. Compared with dynamic unstructured grid approach which requires updating the CFD volume grid at each time step, the proposed approach only needs to update the so-called gridless shape functions according to the instantaneous CFD surface grid and therefore is more efficient and robust. While our ultimate goal for this SBIR effort is to develop an efficient viscous CFD algorithm for store separation prediction, due to the time limitation, our technical objective for Phase I work is to develop an efficient Euler solver for store separation prediction. As a feasibility study, the Phase I outcome will ensure the validity of the proposed approach for fast carriage load prediction. Therefore, it is meaningful to further extend the approach to viscous flow simulation in Phase II.

DIGITAL FUSION 5030 Bradford Drive Building 1, Suite 210 Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 327-8129 Shawn Westmoreland NAVY 08-118 Awarded: 8/19/2008
Title:	Development of Methodology for Moving Body Simulation Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics
Abstract:	For moving body problems with complex geometries, a robust and reliable approach to constructing computational domains is needed. Based upon our extensive engineering experience with overset grid methods, Digital Fusion Solutions, Inc. (DFSI) proposes to implement new and transfer existing technologies to alleviate the challenges facing unstructured overset grids. The techniques to be implemented are: 1) an innovative hole- cutting technique based on the solution of Green�s Function, 2) a general finite-volume flux reconstruction approach for boundary cells, and 3) an optimized, or minimum, overlap algorithm to ensure that the global solution is computed on only the best cells. Unstructured overset methods show great potential for moving body problems particularly in automated grid generation. The current trend is to apply structured overset grid techniques to unstructured grids, where long standing issues related to orphan points, interpolation inaccuracies, and searching inefficiencies are still not adequately addressed. For moving body problems, a generalized overset capability is highly desirable, to avoid methods that require grid stretching, regridding, and interpolation. Under this SBIR we will implement these new techniques for two-dimensional problems using an open-source flow solver. Phase II will extend the methods to three-dimensions, and transfer the technology to the engineering analysis environment.

BEAVER AEROSPACE & DEFENSE 11850 Mayfield Livonia, MI 48150
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 853-5426 RJ Ranalli NAVY 08-119 Awarded: 9/15/2008
Title:	Innovative Concepts for Ultra-light and Reliable Hydraulic Actuators with Smart Actuation and a Self-learning Algorithm for System Health (SLASH)
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the ability of Beaver Aerospace and Defense to decrease the weight and cost of aircraft actuators while increasing their reliability. Aircraft actuators are a significant cost and safety concern to the Department of Defense. Beaver Aerospace and Defense is developing a Self-Learning Algorithm for System Health (SLASH) that monitors critical aircraft actuator components and uses a prognostic set of equations to predict early wear and failure probabilities. The equations and equipment used are directly applicable to subsystem and system health in aircraft.

DEMETON TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 48 Nancy Street West Babylon, NY 11704
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(631) 491-1592 Alex Chi NAVY 08-119 Awarded: 8/20/2008
Title:	Innovative Concepts for Ultra-light and Reliable Hydraulic Actuators
Abstract:	It is proposed to initiate a research program to design and manufacture a composite housing gear system for the next generation of NAVY F/A-18 and F-35 aircrafts. The present systems use steel housing which lack the low weight requirements for the design of the Wing Fold Transmission systems. The proposed effort relies on replacing the current steel made Ring Gear Housing System with the Carbon Reinforced Composite Materials. The application of composite materials in aerospace and automobile as structural materials is expanding primarily because its properties match high strength steel alloys with large savings in weight. Although there are many advantages in the use of these composites, there are many issues in the fatigue life, corrosion and other mechanical properties that need to be considered in the use of these composites in corrosive environments. One solution to address the corrosion and environmental issues is the use of proper coating systems for the final composite product. We propose to develop the composite and coating system and test them for their life, corrosion and other mechanical properties. The result of this work would provide a complete system that can meet all the design requirements by the NAVY.

INTEGRAN TECHNOLOGIES USA, INC. 2541 Appletree Dr Pittsburgh, PA 15241
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(954) 328-3880 Edward Yokley NAVY 08-119 Awarded: 8/26/2008
Title:	Innovative Concepts for Ultra-light and Reliable Hydraulic Actuators
Abstract:	Integran Technologies USA Inc. (Pittsburgh, PA) is pleased to provide this proposal in response to the Navy Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Request for Proposal (RFP) �NAVY 08-119: Innovative Concepts for Ultra-light and Reliable Hydraulic Actuators�, to investigate the use of a novel high strength nanostructured metal (Nanovate�) as a thin structural reinforcing shell on ultra-lightweight carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) actuator rods and cylinders. In the proposed project, Integran seeks to address the intrinsic deficiencies of CFRP by applying nanometal to the working surface of the CFRP actuator rods and cylinders to provide increased surface durability, wear resistance and specific strength/stiffness of the CFRP substructure at ambient and elevated temperatures, thereby enabling the use of CFRP for ultra-lightweight actuators. The high strength of the nanostructured material will allow a thin structural reinforcing coating, thus maintaining the overall lightweight nature of the component. The successful execution of this project will provide a proof-of-concept demonstration as well as baseline mechanical property data for nanometal/composite hybrid structures at a range of temperatures, thereby allowing engineering designers to incorporate the use of these structures into advanced engineering components, including lightweight actuators.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 220-2501 Nathan Brown NAVY 08-120 Awarded: 7/30/2008
Title:	Smart Gasket for Catapult Low Loss Launch Valve (LLLV)
Abstract:	Availability and operation of all four steam catapults is vital to carrier flight operations. The valve directing steam to the catapult cylinders employs gaskets that fail unexpectedly due to degradation of filler preload. The gasket condition affects launch valve performance and eventually necessitates replacement of the launch valve assembly to restore performance. The gasket failure and lengthy valve repair process are detrimental to carrier readiness and increase maintenance costs. Currently, maintainers are unable to monitor gasket condition or predict gasket remaining useful life. To address this critical need, Luna Innovations will leverage its non-destructive evaluation and health monitoring expertise to develop a retrofit system for detecting gasket integrity using ultrasonic transducers mounted to the valve exterior. Key advantages of this approach are: 1) no valve design changes, 2) no gasket modifications, and 3) the external monitoring system can be directly wired to catapult systems. This approach supports rapid integration and is a more reliable alternative to wireless/energy scavenging approaches. The Phase I effort focuses on demonstrating ultrasonic measurement sensitivity to gasket load and damage state using representative housing and gasket geometries and materials. The hardware and software to support a gasket diagnostic and prognostic health monitoring system will be established.

TEMPLEMAN AUTOMATION, LLC 29 Miller Street Somerville, MA 02143
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 996-9054 Chris Templeman NAVY 08-120 Awarded: 8/4/2008
Title:	Smart Gasket for Catapult Low Loss Launch Valve (LLLV)
Abstract:	This project proposes a novel way to monitor critical pressure seals using technology from other fields. The concept is called �TeleGasket� and uses a gasket with integral, inductive sensors in the form of a flexible sheet. These sensors measure compression and other parameters to indicate future seal failure. There are several ways for the sensors to receive power and deliver data without modifying host equipment but the preferred option is a very low frequency inductive coupling. Phase I of the project will design a �TeleGasket� system to suit the Navy�s specific requirements and perform experiments on key components to prove the feasibility of the �TeleGasket.�

DELCROSS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 2009 Fox Drive Unit K Champaign, IL 61820
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(217) 373-4879 Tod Courtney NAVY 08-121 Awarded: 8/13/2008
Title:	Weapon System Performance in Complex Radio Frequency (RF) Environments
Abstract:	Many highly accurate electromagnetic solvers have been developed based on a variety of full-wave and asymptotic algorithms. The tools provide cost effective insight into electromagnetic phenomena and allow analysts to perform trade studies while reducing expensive measurements. By itself, a well-developed EM analysis tool is not sufficient to produce accurate results; accurate results require an accurate input geometry model that is designed to meet the EM solver�s requirements. The development of an accurate CAD model and associated mesh of a particular platform can be a labor intensive task. We propose to develop a graphical software tool that will greatly reduce the amount of time spent on preparing meshes and/or surface models for use with EM solvers. The tool�s inputs and outputs will include both triangular and NURBS asymptotic models as well as triangular and quadrilateral full-wave meshes. The tool will allow analysts to automatically identify problems with existing meshes based upon user specified criteria related to edge length, aspect ratio, connectivity, etc. Our approach will address the healing of existing models and meshes, the conversion between quadrilateral and triangular meshes, conversion between asymptotic and full-wave meshes, and the conversion between meshes and NURBS models.

HYPERCOMP, INC. 2629 Townsgate Road Suite 105 Westlake Village, CA 91361
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 371-7500 Kuo-Yen Szema NAVY 08-121 Awarded: 8/13/2008
Title:	Weapon System Performance in Complex Radio Frequency (RF) Environments
Abstract:	In this proposed effort we seek to develop mesh repair algorithms that optimize preexisting meshes for CEM full wave solvers. We will investigate automated methods for converting asymptotic meshes to full wave CEM solver meshes. Mesh repair modules will implemented and accessed from a stand-alone tool with 3-D visualization capabilities or via C++ libraries that may be added to existing codes. The modules will include mesh resolution and quality repair capabilties using smoothing and mesh regeneration techniques. Mesh connectivity repair will be provided by a method that performs automatic restitching of the mesh across unconnected mesh boundaries. Procedures for converting asymptotic meshes to four sided surfaces, such that new fully connected mesh may be generated, will be implemented and tested. HyPerComp's many years of experience with grid generation technologies makes it well positioned to successfully implement the proposed techologies and provide greater usefullness for preexisting meshes, which can be very time consuming to create.

QUALTECH SYSTEMS, INC. 100 Great Meadow Road, STE 603 Qualtech Systems, Inc. Wethersfield, CT 06109
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 257-8014 Sudipto Ghoshal NAVY 08-122 Awarded: 9/18/2008
Title:	Advanced Intelligent Web-Based Options to Acquire and Analyze Aircraft Health and Test Data
Abstract:	Automated assessment and forecasting of aircraft health status has become a prime requirement for safety, reliability, and cost streamlining for 21st century�s aviation sector. Presently, a variety of flight data, functionality, performance, and maintenance information are being collected and some are stored in databases, but an integrated health management (HM) system that utilizes all these information is virtually nonexistent. Qualtech Systems, Inc. in collaboration with Aptima, Inc. proposes developing an integrated multi-source data acquisition and analytic solution for facilitating diagnostics and prognostics, and providing decision support for operations, maintenance, logistics, supply chain, and military flight quality assurance related processes. Intelligent agent- based techniques will be used for gathering data from heterogeneous sources. Multi- disciplinary analytic techniques including signal processing, time-series-analysis, multivariate statistics, and probabilistic decision fusion, coupled with dependency model- based techniques are envisaged for the HM solution. An optimal decision-oriented user interface will satisfy information dissemination and visualization requirements. Preliminary theoretical development will involve a limited number of simulated data sources from a target naval aircraft. Software implementation and deployment of the solution on the target platform will be performed in subsequent phases of the work. The resultant integrated and flexible HM solution will have applicability across various military and commercial platforms.

SENTIENT CORP. 850 Energy Drive Idaho Falls, ID 83401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(208) 522-8560 Nancy Lybeck NAVY 08-122 Awarded: 9/18/2008
Title:	Advanced Intelligent Web-Based Options to Acquire and Analyze Aircraft Health and Test Data
Abstract:	Topic Synopsis: Current aircraft disposition tools are not designed to take advantage of predictive prognostic information that will be available on new systems such as the F-35 PHM system or the proposed Maintenance and Monitoring system for the E-2D Hawkeye. The central challenges in this topic are to (1) develop automated reasoner technologies to distill large volumes of PHM data into actionable information, and (2) allow secure web- based access by commanders and maintainers so that multiple users can take advantage of the new knowledge provided by PHM to more efficiently disposition their aircraft regardless of their location. Proposal Prognostic health management (PHM) systems generate volumes of data on component health. Web-based tools are needed to automatically assimilate and analyze this data, and present findings and recommended actions to the user, regardless of the user�s location. Automated reasoner tools are necessary to ensure that PHM data is utilized for maximum benefit, allowing maintainers to focus on maintenance rather than data interpretation, and to present capability and readiness information to commanders and decision makers. Sentient Corporation will leverage its prototype AutoReasoner, including its defined automated reasoner algorithms and software tools for fusing PHM data into current and predicted capability information, to create a web-based interface for accessing and analyzing PHM data. Phase I activities will include research on migration of the existing demonstrated prototype to a web-based format and a demonstration of Sentient�s novel model-based prognostic data fusion technique, a fuzzy expert system for interpretation, via a web-based user interface. Phase I will utilize Sentient�s extensive data drawn from the CH-53 E HUMS database and will include multiple realistic maintenance scenarios. Phase II will include further development and web-based access. NOTE: We would be happy to provide additional detail on our approach if desired. Partnering: If awarded this project, Sentient Corporation would like to partner with one or more E-2D OEMs to gather information on available PHM data, learn about potential ground station software tools, and discuss database interfacing standards. Sentient has successfully partnered with multiple OEMs in the past. Sentient will leverage its access to the Goodrich HUMS and MDAT systems for this project. We would also like the OEM to critique our ideas for the reasoner system and data presentation. It is likely that a meeting at the OEM�s facility could be arranged during Phase I. We are open to a subcontracting arrangement to help the OEM cover the cost of their time. Sentient Corporation has an outstanding record of winning SBIRs in the PHM area. We are the largest SBIR contractor in Idaho even though we focus exclusively on PHM. Sentient has a reputation for doing excellent work and has been awarded over 8 Phase II contracts to date. In addition, Sentient actively works to transition successful projects to the field. For example, our bearing prognostic modeling software that was developed for the DARPA Prognosis Program has already been licensed to an engine OEM.

TECHNICAL DATA ANALYSIS, INC. 7600A Leesburg Pike Suite 204, West Building Falls Church, VA 22043
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(770) 516-7750 Chance McColl NAVY 08-122 Awarded: 9/23/2008
Title:	Advanced Intelligent Web-Based Options to Acquire and Analyze Aircraft Health and Test Data
Abstract:	This proposal focuses on the development of an innovative, web-based application to help solve one of the fundamental problems facing aircraft management today: data management. This problem is outlined as follows. Aircraft health management is data- driven. A broad range of disparate data sources exist, many of which are essential for accurate, near real-time aircraft health monitoring and maintenance. These data sources are often incompatible with each other, in terms of source (measured aircraft response, maintenance data, analytical models, etc.), storage (different computer systems), format (paper, electronic: ASCII, binary, spreadsheet, warehoused in relational database), architecture (procedural, object-relational, object-oriented), and design (open source, proprietary or unique design). A solution must address the following five (5) key issues: 1. Acquisition � pulling data from all required sources, 2. Integration � tying all meaningful information together into one aircraft �entity�, 3. Analysis � turning data into decision, 4. Exchange � sharing within the larger community and promoting collaboration, and 5. Data advancement � pushing data downstream for further use and innovation.

DELCROSS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 2009 Fox Drive Unit K Champaign, IL 61820
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(217) 895-2067 Matthew Miller NAVY 08-123 Awarded: 8/14/2008
Title:	Automated Characterization of Communications, Electronic Attack, Radar, and Navigation Systems
Abstract:	One of the most important problems encountered in an electromagnetic environment is that of providing compatibility between radiating and receiving RF equipment within the environment. This problem is a type of electromagnetic interference and the goal of RF system designers and analysts is to achieve electromagnetic compatibility where no interference problems exist between the various RF systems. As an increasing number of RF systems are installed on Navy aircraft, the cosite interference problem becomes more and more challenging. To further complicate matters, modern RF systems are often capable of operating over many channels and thus the operating frequency range of a single system can be very large. Also, a modern RF system may be capable of supporting multiple modulation schemes and modalities. These factors represent a major challenge to analysts who wish to simulate cosite interference problems since RF system models are not readily available. Our team proposes to develop an automated measurement system (AMS) that will aid in the development of both low fidelity (spectrum) and high fidelity (behavioral) models for use with cosite analysis software. The AMS will automatically and non-invasively extract performance parameters and characterize subsystem components of transmitters and receivers while minimizing human interaction.

BCO, INC. 799 Middlesex Turnpike Billerica, MA 01821
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 663-2525 Martin Schrage NAVY 08-124 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Antenna Array and Beamformers to Support Ka-Band Brownout Radar Systems
Abstract:	BCO�s Phase I goal is to design an Antenna Array and Beamformer for rotorcraft to adapt to a rugged COTS radar module that is in production in lots of 10,000 for use on automobiles. This automotive radar is a K-Band unit with a phased-array antenna that can be stepped through 140 degrees in azimuth and which provides 20-inch range resolution. A chain of nine of the radar modules is capable of providing the hemispheric coverage sought for the Beamformer. The projected selling price for BCO�s design is well within the $10,000 target. There is a tradeoff between range and update rate. When scanning out to 80 feet the hemisphere can be scanned at up to 125 times per second. With update rates of up to 3 times per second scanning out to 490 feet is achievable. Within our design we will develop a sidelobe blanking algorithm to reduce clutter, and extend range and coverage of beam thru broad/fan beam lens designs. Our effort will include aperture placement analysis and simulation as well as polarimetric tradeoff analysis. The success of the program will be enhanced with machine prototyping of lenses and lab testing in Phase I.

INFORMATION SYSTEMS LABORATORIES, INC. 10070 Barnes Canyon Road San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 269-3613 Paul Techau NAVY 08-124 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Brownout Radar Beamforming Using Electronically Reconfigurable Apertures
Abstract:	In a number of arid regions of the world, recirculation of dust by the rotorwash of helicopters results in the loss of visual cues during helicopter approach and landing. This condition is typically referred to as brownout. This is a serious problem for all services and leads to numerous aircraft and personnel losses in Afghanistan and Iraq. The effectiveness of the conventional approach of using spotters positioned in aircraft doorways to call out and maintain clearance from obstacles has obvious limitations, especially in the most degraded visual environments. An �Electronic Bumper� system would detect and track major obstacles including other aircraft in flight during brownout and virtually all low/no visibility approach and landing. An active RF system is preferred, one operating at high-enough frequency and bandwidth to provide the needed system resolution. SNC�s electronically reconfigurable aperture (ERA) technology is ideally suited to this task. ERA is a patented electronically steerable array technology that has been demonstrated at across the range of frequencies of interest. This proposal describes the development of an antenna and beamformer architecture that provides functionality required for use in brownout radar systems.

NGIMAT CO. 5315 Peachtree Industrial Blvd. Atlanta, GA 30341
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(678) 287-3944 Zhiyong Zhao NAVY 08-124 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Antenna Array and Beamformers to Support Ka-Band Brownout Radar Systems
Abstract:	nGimat proposes to develop low-cost, lightweight antenna array and beamformer for Ka- band radar systems. The sensor system is to support the safe approach and landing during brownout, whiteout, and sea spray as well as improved safety for night and no/low visibility low altitude pilotage. In Phase I, we will study trade-offs of various antenna architectures, design and analyze the antenna and beamformer, develop the critical component, and build and test critical component. In Phase II we will build a prototype antenna array, along with the appropriate hardware/software to meet the cost/weight/performance goals.

OPTIMATION 704 NW Mock Street Blue Springs, MO 64015
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(816) 729-5241 Michael Lundy NAVY 08-125 Awarded: 8/28/2008
Title:	Automated Maximum Density Analysis Tool for Spot Factor Generation
Abstract:	The development and introduction of new aircraft for the Fleet, or the deployment of existing aircraft on a new carrier, requires knowledge of the deck area, or �spot factor,� that characterizes the particular aircraft type. Currently, aircraft spot factors are obtained by iterative, manual methods that are very time consuming. NAVAIR is seeking the creation of a software tool to automatically perform these calculations and free manpower for other duties. The problem of maximum density packing of airplanes in available deck space is largely equivalent to that of reducing material wastage in stamping and cutting operations in the metal-fabricating, textile, and leather industries, where it is called nesting. Optimation is a leading U.S. provider of nesting software to the metal- forming and textile industries, with more than 500 customers worldwide. To meet NAVAIR�s needs for an automatic spot factor tool, Optimation proposes to expand and customize its AxiomVE nesting software and its accompanying user interface (UI). Man- decades have gone into the development and testing of AxiomVE to make it versatile and robust. The Navy will receive the benefit of this previous development effort, and it will be leveraged by Optimation to develop the high-capability software that meets NAVAIR�s spot-factor-calculation needs.

TEMPLEMAN AUTOMATION, LLC 29 Miller Street Somerville, MA 02143
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 996-9054 Chris Templeman NAVY 08-125 Awarded: 8/7/2008
Title:	Automated Maximum Density Analysis Tool for Spot Factor Generation
Abstract:	Setting and evaluating spot factor requirements are key steps in the delivery of ship- compatible aircraft to the Navy. However, the current process of generating spot factor results is labor intensive. Templeman Automation LLC (TALLC), in cooperation with Magestic Systems Incorporated (MSI), proposes an automated solution to spot factor and maximum density calculations optimizing the effectiveness of the algorithms employed to identify globally optimum packing solutions and the responsiveness of the system to imposed geometry constraints. MSI�s has over 30 years of experience developing packing and nesting software, with products and services that are used in the United States and throughout the world. TALLC�s staff brings over a decade of experience in Navy system design, shipboard graphical interfaces, Mil-Spec manual development, and Navy computer-based training materials. With the proposed software tool, �TruPlanePack�, nesting can be done both dynamically and in batch mode. All software capabilities will be accessed and controlled using an intuitive Windows GUI for maximum efficiency and usability. Input and output of aircraft packing data will be made available in numerous formats including AutoCad 2006, as well as TALLC�s 3-D flightdeck visualization and simulation environment for realistic imaging of the resultant aircraft spotting.

CG2, INC. 6330 San Ignacio Avenue San Jose, CA 95119
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 737-8800 Lisa Spencer NAVY 08-126 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Sensor Fusion and Display for Degraded Visual Environment (DVE)
Abstract:	Brownout is the number one operational problem facing military rotorcraft today. Visual obscuration, combined with nose-up attitude during landing, make identification of landing area hazards difficult or impossible. To address this problem, CG2 is proposing a system that combines data from a LIDAR sensor and CCD or IR cameras mounted on the rotorcraft with telemetry to produce a synthetic vision display that allows the helicopter to land safely. The system will generate a virtual scene using geometry extracted from the LIDAR data combined with correlated camera imagery so that objects may be identified more easily. The rotorcraft telemetry will be used to render a real-time scene that accurately depicts the position and orientation of theship relative to the terrain, with a choice of viewpoints. The solution will be validated in a simulation environment as well as with real sensors, and be capable of running on ruggedized, embedded hardware.

MONTEREY TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 24600 Silver Cloud Court Suite 103 Monterey, CA 93940
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(831) 648-0194 Robert T. Hennessy NAVY 08-126 Awarded: 10/15/2008
Title:	Sensor Fusion and Display for Degraded Visual Environment (DVE)
Abstract:	A joint venture team consisting of three small businesses, Monterey Technologies, Inc. (MTI), xVS and Aireyes will perform this work. The ultimate goal of the team is to produce a functional, Fused Sensor Image Display System (FSIDS) that merges information from multiple sensors such as radar, LADAR, IR, and other sensors with a terrain data base to produce a synthetic image of a helicopter landing area on a panel-mounted display. The inclusion of multiple sensor information in the FSIDS display compensates for the inability of a Synthetic Vision Systems (SVS) to display detailed, current obstacle information relevant to Navy helicopter approach and landing maneuvers, e.g., trees, brush, boulders, ditches and debris. The team has already developed an Integrated Multisensor Imaging System (IMSIS) for the Army the provides a fused image of multiple sensors and an SVS for flight and navigation. Using IMSIS as a starting point, this work will concentrate on the sensor requirements and software for creating a detailed, synthetic rendering of a limited landing area, and the addition of appropriate display symbology. The Phase I work will produce one or more animated displays illustrating the FSIDS design to demonstrate the capability to present, and the effectiveness of, imagery for approach and landing. The design goal is a rotorcraft display to allow the pilot to easily interpret landing area terrain and avoid obstacles and hazards in zero visibility conditions.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Electro-Optics Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Alexander Parfenov NAVY 08-126 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Sensor-Fusion Landing Augmentation Three-Dimensional Display System
Abstract:	In response to Navy needs for a real-time rotorcraft display that depicts a landing site area using fused sensor data while an aircraft approaches and descends into a landing zone, and helps helicopter pilots to land in degraded visual environments, POC proposes to develop a new real time Sensor-fusion Landing Augmentation Three-Dimensional (SLATD) display system based on augmented fusion display of 3D information acquired from the multiple imaging sensors in real time. The SLATD system can present real-time landing zone imagery based on the fusing of sensor data, thus enabling rotorcraft pilots to see nearby objects/obstacles for the control and safe descending of the aircraft in brownout conditions. In Phase I, POC will prove the feasibility of the proposed approach by presenting an analysis along with a hardware demonstration prototype of display technologies that can be used or enhanced for the depiction of a landing site area. In Phase II, POC will finalize a design, build one or more prototype devices to ascertain the automation of the fusing of sensor data, and display in real time a depiction of the landing area and rotorcraft dynamic flight situation during approach and landing.

GALT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 2009 Still Water Lane Knoxville, TN 37922
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(865) 661-3416 Walt Fisher NAVY 08-127 Awarded: 10/16/2008
Title:	Non-Contact Cure State Measurement
Abstract:	Manufacturing processes are typically delayed from several minutes to several hours while coatings, sealants, and adhesives sufficiently cure to allow subsequent operations. Local environmental conditions can accelerate or decelerate cure depending on the chemistry of the materials, which makes degree of cure a variable over time and ultimately results in built-in down-time to assure sufficient cure is achieved. A technology for determining the relative state of cure for a variety of known coatings, sealants, and adhesives, without compromising the integrity of the applied material, would be a manufacturing enhancement and production time reduction factor. The technology must ultimately be able to accommodate slight variations of chemistry within the chemical classes such as exist among different vendors or due to effects of various fillers and must be measured on substrates consistent with aircraft manufacture. In this SBIR we will develop a design concept for a non-contact cure state measurement instrument that is based on Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) Spectroscopy. Develop a protocol for defining the state of cure for each application category (coating, sealant, adhesive). Demonstrate the proposed approach on the coating (epoxy or urethane), sealant (polythioether or polysulfide), or adhesive (epoxy, acrylic, urethane).

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 224-5723 Michael Pedrick NAVY 08-127 Awarded: 9/18/2008
Title:	Air Coupled Ultrasonic Guided Waves for Non-Contact Cure Monitoring
Abstract:	A diagnostic tool for evaluating relative cure state in adhesives, coatings, and sealant systems would help increase production efficiency by avoiding unnecessary delays between applications while ensuring proper performance based on complete cure of the material system. Luna�s approach leverages ongoing developments of air-coupled ultrasonics and nonlinear acoustics to provide a solution with the potential for low-cost, high inspection efficiency, and ease of operation. The approach is based on monitoring guided wave velocity and attenuation whose equilibrium indicates complete cure. Luna�s line-based measurement approach provides greater flexibility based on inspection time and necessary spatial resolution compared with more common point-based measurements. The anticipated results of the Phase I effort include the development of a numerical model for optimizing sensitivity, proof-of-concept measurements on pertinent material systems deposited on Al 2024-T3 substrates in the based period and extended to composite substrates in the option. The transition to Phase II will include initial electronic design of a prototype device.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 743-1110 David J. Cook NAVY 08-127 Awarded: 9/24/2008
Title:	Universal Cure State Monitor
Abstract:	Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop and demonstrate a sensor non-contact measurement of the degree of cure of recently applied coatings. The sensor will use recent advances in ultrashort pulsed laser technology to provide an effective and accurate standoff thickness measurement. It will operate at Far-IR wavelengths (THz frequencies) where transmission through commonly used coating materials and adhesives is anticipated. This sensor will have two modes of operation. For materials greater than a few mils thick, time-domain ranging methodology will be combined with the measured Far-IR optical properties of these coatings to determine the overall state of cure of the bulk material. For thinner coatings, the Far-IR optical properties of the surface will be monitored. The Phase I program will demonstrate the feasibility of the approach using an existing laboratory apparatus with some application specific modifications. The Phase II program will develop and demonstrate a prototype sensor.

ADVANCED POWDER SOLUTIONS, INC. 14102 Halprin Creek Drive Cypress, TX 77429
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(661) 373-1729 Dean Baker NAVY 08-128 Awarded: 8/27/2008
Title:	Replacement of Albemet and Beryllium based Materials for F-35 Applications
Abstract:	Beryllium replacement for the F-35 program is essential in meeting safety, performance and budget concerns for the program. The APS program utilizes its several years experience and existing materials to provide replacements for Beryllium based materials (both Albemet and Beryllium). Significant design and coupon level testing will be f=performed in Phase I to enable potential insertion of new and advanced materials into the F-35 program for Beryllium based materials replacement. APS has assembled a world class team to aid in this goal.

ATI, INC. 1505 Bull Lea Road Lexington, KY 40511
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(304) 541-1825 Alex Cho NAVY 08-128 Awarded: 9/8/2008
Title:	Alternative Material for Aluminum-Beryllium Alloys in Military Aerospace Applications
Abstract:	To develop alternative materials for AL-Be alloys, ATI is going to utilize metal matrix composite technology alloys to match the key physical properties of AlBeMet 162.

PEREGRINE FALCON CORP. 1072 B Serpentine Lane Pleasanton, CA 94566
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 461-6800 Robert Hardesty NAVY 08-128 Awarded: 8/27/2008
Title:	Alternative Material for Aluminum-Beryllium Alloys in Military Aerospace Applications
Abstract:	Peregrine will replace expensive and hazardous aluminum-beryllium with a lower cost, safe and equivalent specific modulus Metal Matrix Composite material. This MMC will be easily substituted into existing applications. Current EH&S and high cost issues are driving the need to replace aluminum-beryllium. Beyond traditional aerospace components many commercial applications will apply the material due to its lower cost and safe processing issues. The successful development has a large market potential.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Photonic Systems Divison 20600 Gramercy Pl, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Michael Reznikov NAVY 08-129 Awarded: 8/21/2008
Title:	Aqua-Ionic Detector
Abstract:	The U.S. Navy is seeking a compact MEMS-based sensor system to detect and classify surface or subsurface bodies in coastal shallow waters, bays, port areas, and waterways, on the basis of weak electromagnetic (EM) signals or EM field deviations. Available technology is limited to acoustic detectors and magnetometers. To address the Navy need for an underwater EM field detector, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Aqua-Ionic Detector (AID) based on the nonlinear conductivity of solid electrolytes. In contrast to its bio-prototype, the shark, the proposed detector will detect the gradient of an ionic charge even in a static position. The AID will be a low- observable underwater sensor, sensitive to low-frequency distortions of EM fields, meeting the Navy need to detect small and slow moving objects in the cluttered environment of littoral waters. It will include an on-chip array of microfluidic sensor cells, electronics, battery pack, and transceiver for networking the sensor grid nodes. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the AID approach by fabricating and testing a conceptual prototype. In Phase II, POC plans to develop a series of device prototypes to iteratively improve performance and demonstrate the technology in a realistic tactical environment.

JME, INC. 17210 Parkland Drive Shaker Heights, OH 44120
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(216) 751-9537 John R. Miller NAVY 08-130 Awarded: 9/23/2008
Title:	Pulse Power Electrical Energy Storage Device
Abstract:	Navy aircraft programs and upgrades will require advanced electrical energy storage devices that provide extraordinary power, for example one that can deliver 1500 W average power for 5 seconds at 1.5 V, be recharged at several hundred amps, then discharged and recharged repeatedly up to 10,000 times. The weight of this storage device should be less than one-half pound. State of the art commercial energy storage devices will not meet theses requirements. We propose to define, design, and construct an advanced electrical energy storage device that will reliably meet there requirements. Our approach is an asymmetric electrochemical capacitor having a lead oxide positive electrode, sulfuric acid electrolyte, and an activated carbon negative electrode. Although optimized for this Navy application, anticipated advances in electrical energy storage technology should assist a broad range of energy harvesting applications including hybrid and electric vehicles, and be suitable for internal combustion engine cranking particularly at low temperatures. Furthermore, the proposed approach should offer substantial cost savings over similar commercial products.

QYNERGY CORP. 3800 Osuna Road NE Suite 2 Albuquerque, NM 87109
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 314-1425 Chris Eiting NAVY 08-130 Awarded: 9/23/2008
Title:	QynCap Energy Storage Device for Airborne Directed Energy Weapons
Abstract:	Qynergy proposes to design/build an innovative asymmetric ultracapacitor (QynCap) to provide energy storage for Navy aircraft pulse power applications. These devices will improve the Warfighting ability of fighter aircraft by enabling the use of laser-based weapon systems. The QynCap will contain a nickel oxy-hydroxide cathode and a high surface area carbon anode immersed in an aqueous electrolyte. The use of a battery electrode (nickel oxy-hydroxide) allows for a higher capacitance per weight and volume than traditional ultracapacitors. Ultracapacitors in general and QynCaps specifically are known for their high power density, high cycle life (ability to charge and discharge many times) and fast recharge time. For this application, the QynCap is superior to lithium-ion batteries for a variety of reasons. The QynCap operates well over a wide temperature range (-40�C to +71�C), utilizes environmentally friendly substances (i.e. nickel, carbon, KOH) versus dangerous Li+ ion compounds, is not subject to thermal runaway if overcharged and does not require thermal management. Because the QynCap is an ultracapacitor, it can be charged and discharged over 100,000 times and be properly sized to provide the power required.

BERKELEY MATERIALS RESEARCH 431 Linda Avenue Piedmont, CA 94611
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(510) 759-4865 T. Calvin Tszeng NAVY 08-131 Awarded: 7/16/2008
Title:	Innovative Approaches for the Flaw-Tolerant Design and Certification of Airframe Components
Abstract:	Fatigue life of airframe components is greatly influenced by many intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The nature of wide scattering in fatigue life makes it very difficult to design a component against fatigue failure. The huge consequences of life and property loss associated with premature fatigue failure therefore push airframe design toward over conservativeness. It is very desirable for airframe industry to have access to an analysis methodology that accurately and reliably treat material variability in the fatigue crack initiation and growth responses of aerospace structural alloys. The goal of the present SBIR project is to fulfill these critical needs by developing a physics-based computational methodology capable of predicting the stochastic nature of fatigue life in airframe components.

ENGINEERING SOFTWARE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, INC. 111 West Port Plaza, Suite 825 St. Louis, MO 63146
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(314) 744-5021 Barna Szabo NAVY 08-131 Awarded: 7/15/2008
Title:	Innovative Approaches for the Flaw-Tolerant Design and Certification of Airframe Components
Abstract:	The principal objective of the proposed Phase I SBIR project is the development of a reliable predictive capability for the evaluation of flaw tolerance in metallic and composite airframe components, given part specifications, material properties, initial flaws, such as voids, inclusions, heterogeneous grain structure and design load spectra. The proposed concept is based on the idea that the safe life methodology and the flaw tolerance approaches fit within the same paradigm if we associate failure initiation and crack propagation events with deformation states of representative volume elements. The paradigm applies to metals and composites. The critical values of the deformation states depend on the material systems under consideration. The methodology of verification and validation will be applied, utilizing existing experimental data and the concept of hierarchic multi-scale models already supported by ESRD�s proprietary software StressCheck. Because statistical variations in the manufacture and therefore the mechanical response of structural components are unavoidable, prediction of structural and strength responses must be understood in a statistical sense.

ANDRO COMPUTATIONAL SOLUTIONS, LLC Beeches Technical Campus 7902 Turin Road, Ste. 2-1 Rome, NY 13440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(315) 334-1163 Andrew L. Drozd NAVY 08-132 Awarded: 8/4/2008
Title:	Improved Analysis Techniques for Prediction of Avionics Electromagnetic Interference and Vulnerability - IntegratedEMPro System
Abstract:	For modern, complex aircraft systems and avionics subsystems, coupling full-wave solutions to the electronic circuitry models is critical in order to accurately predict RF (radio frequency) system-level performance in the presence of electromagnetic signals originating from other avionics on the aircraft, high-power transmitters on other aircraft or ships, or even from microwave weapons. However, the unavailability of the circuitry models at the full vehicle level makes a comprehensive analysis very challenging. Most of the aircraft components such as Line Replaceable Modules (LRMs) are not always available with their full circuit models. However, many LRMs undergo MIL-STD-461 and MIL-STD-464 compliance testing, which provides radiated emissions/susceptibility and conducted emissions/susceptibility data. Therefore, it is important to integrate these data sets and models into a multi-physics based analysis tool to carry out practical system- level EMI analysis of electronic systems inside an aircraft. This proposed effort is to make significant innovative improvements to physics-based electromagnetic interference/vulnerability (EMI/V) tools by incorporating system performance parameters and characterizations of subsystem components within aircraft transmitters and receivers. A detailed description of the information requirements is developed for field- circuit interaction computational engines and multi-physics simulators. A scattering matrix approach is used for combining time and frequency domain analyses of circuits and LRMs, including their physical model library with aircraft radiating components to achieve a seamless integrated-level solution. Consideration is also given to how the overall prediction accuracy degrades as a function of the level of detail associated with the model library. Proof-of-concept validations will to be performed on a variety of canonical problems and limited number of real-world problems.

DELCROSS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 2009 Fox Drive Unit K Champaign, IL 61820
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(217) 373-4836 Fred German NAVY 08-132 Awarded: 8/13/2008
Title:	Improved Analysis Techniques for Prediction of Avionics Electromagnetic Interference and Vulnerability
Abstract:	Physics-based modeling and simulation tools for predicting electromagnetic interference (EMI) and vulnerability (EMV) between RF systems are playing an increasingly important role in system level performance predictions. In order to accurately capture all of the complexity associated with RF systems on a modern military platform, very sophisticated multi-physics simulators using models of multiple levels of fidelity are required. In order to instill a high level of confidence in the tool�s predictive capability, analysis improvements based on lessons learned in a complete and careful measurement-based validation on real-world systems is a must. Under the proposed project Delcross Technologies and its team will undertake a comprehensive measurement-based validation of its Electromagnetic Interference Toolkit (EMIT) based at first on a canonical test system and then on a complete modern airborne system involving multiple RF systems. Based on the benchmarking against these systems, enhancements to EMIT�s multi-physics analysis engines and field-circuit interaction module will be identified and implemented. The methodologies used for creating models of RF components to be used by the simulator will also be refined based on the measurements. The ultimate outcome of this project will be an improved and fully-validated multi-fidelity/multi-physics simulation tool for the analysis of cosite and intersystem EMI.

MATERIALS SCIENCES CORP. 181 Gibraltar Road Horsham, PA 19044
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 542-8400 Anthony Caiazzo NAVY 08-133 Awarded: 7/31/2008
Title:	Synergistic Composite Design Data Approaches to Support both Propulsion and Airframe Applications (MSC P8030)
Abstract:	Development and use of new (composite) materials is imperative for continued advancement of airframe and engine systems. It is expected that this accelerated insertion of materials can be facilitated through development and validation of analytical models that guide and supplement experimental characterization of new materials to reduce the number of physical tests to the minimum number needed to insure that reliable data exist to support both airframe and engine designer needs. In this proposal, Materials Sciences Corporation outlines a work plan for meeting this objective by assembling and linking multi-scale (i.e., micro and macro) material models, demonstrating techniques for including statistically based properties and automatically providing written and graphical output of data. Initial validation of the analysis toolset will be conducted using polyimide resin carbon fiber prepreg design data provided by Renegade Materials Corporation.

RENEGADE MATERIALS CORP. 3363 South Tech Blvd Miamisburg, OH 45342
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(513) 310-1052 Robert A. Gray NAVY 08-133 Awarded: 8/20/2008
Title:	Synergistic Composite Design Data Approaches to Support both Propulsion and Airframe Applications
Abstract:	Polymeric composite structures offer the potential for significant weight savings over metallic parts in aerospace applications due to their high strength to weight ratio. In order to design aircraft and engine composite structures, an extensive design database package is required. The generation of this composite database is a time consuming process that can cost up to several million dollars for just one material. In addition, a single design database that can be used for both propulsion systems and airframe structures has never been achieved in the composite industry. The purpose of this Navy Phase I SBIR is to develop innovative methods and analysis techniques that can support both the propulsion and airframe design community to insert high-temperature organic matrix composites into military and commercial platforms. A parallel path approach will be used to experimentally and analytically derive solutions in order to create a single designer database that can be used for allowables. This will provide the existing programs such as JSF as well as future weapon systems with validation and quality assurance of high-temperature composites applied through a database that is common to multiple users, has statistical continuity, and shows reduced testing via use of analytical predictive tools.

CERANOVA CORP. P. O. Box 278 Hopkinton, MA 01748
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 460-0300 Mark V. Parish NAVY 08-134 Awarded: 9/2/2008
Title:	Edge Bonding of Infrared Windows
Abstract:	CeraNova Corporation has been developing IR transparent ceramics since 2002, focusing in particular on transparent polycrystalline alumina. Knowledge and expertise gained in previous programs on densification of ceramics to transparency will be applied in the proposed program to edge bond plates of sapphire into large area IR windows. The joint itself is expected to have optical and mechanical properties essentially equivalent to sapphire. Evaluation of the joined area will include transmission in the visible and the IR, and strength testing at both room and elevated temperature.

MATERIALS & ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH (MER) CORP. 7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 574-1980 Juan Sepulveda NAVY 08-134 Awarded: 9/3/2008
Title:	High Strength, Transparent, Edge Bonded IR Spinel Windows
Abstract:	This Phase I SBIR Navy Program proposes the development of high strength bonded transparent magnesium aluminum spinel windows for next generation aircraft such as the JSF and F/A-XX (N-UCAS), other defense armor applications and similar commercial applications which require windows as large as 76 cm x 76 cm x 1.3 cm at an affordable cost. The spinel bonding technology proposed for this project consists of chemically activated direct bonding (CADB�), an epoxy-free solution-assisted optical-contacting process.

ONYX OPTICS, INC. 6551 Sierra Lane Dublin, CA 94568
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 833-1969 Helmuth Meissner NAVY 08-134 Awarded: 8/28/2008
Title:	Edge Bonding of Infrared Windows
Abstract:	Onyx Optics, Inc. proposes to apply its patented AFB� (Adhesive-Free Bond) composites process that has been developed for solid state laser components to the edge bonding fabrication of IR windows. The key process step is to obtain optical contact between the components to be bonded, followed by heat treatment. There are a number of techniques of establishing this optical contact but they all result in an interface that is bonded mainly through Van der Waals forces after at least moderate heat treatment and out-diffusion of volatile species. Van der Waals forces consist of three types: fixed dipole/fixed dipole interactions, fixed dipole/induced dipole interaction, and induced dipole/ induced dipole interactions, respectively. They become prominent when the separation distance between two adjacent solid bodies becomes much smaller than any wavelength of the random dipole field. Lifshitz quantum field theory will be applied to the specific case of composite infrared windows and linked to experimental results. AFB� composites will be characterized and compared with non-composite controls in terms of: Mechanical properties: tensile fracture strength, fracture toughness, elastic modulus, stress birefringence. Optical properties: Transmitted wavefront as function of angle of incidence, refractive index, transmission between visible to far IR.

ACCUDYNE SYSTEMS, INC. 134 Sandy Dr Newark, DE 19713
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(302) 369-5390 Mark Gruber NAVY 08-135 Awarded: 9/15/2008
Title:	Innovative Low-cost, In-situ Consolidation Head for Complex Geometry Thermoplastic Fiber Placement
Abstract:	Accudyne proposes a SBIR program, endorsed by Sikorsky, Cytec Engineered Materials, and NASA-LaRC, to develop a cost-effective thermoplastic automated tow placement (ATP) process and demonstrate it by fabricating and testing a complex contoured skin (Phase 1) and a CH-53K rotorcraft lower cabin or ramp skin (Phase 2). The process employs in situ consolidation, avoiding the autoclave. The targeted part properties are those measured from autoclave-consolidated laminates. The selected Cytec APC-2 material system features inherent toughness, matching rotorcraft application requirements. For Phase 1, Accudyne will employ their already operating thermoplastic heated head that features full conformable compactors, individual tow-cut-and-add, and creates excellent microstructure. This plan will allow the rapid identification of the challenges to fabricating the complex contoured parts. Following Phase 2, Accudyne will offer an automated fiber placement machine and heated head for sale to the industry that is capable of fabricating the desired parts without using the autoclave.

ADC ACQUISITION CO. DBA AUTOMATED DYNAMICS 407 Front Street Schenectady, NY 12305
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 377-6471 Kurt Kimball NAVY 08-135 Awarded: 9/11/2008
Title:	Innovative Low-cost, In-situ Consolidation Head for Complex Geometry Thermoplastic Fiber Placement
Abstract:	xxxIn-situ fiber placement is able to offer a wide and robust processing approach that is well suited for many aerospace structures. Flat, single curvature and large radius complex curvature parts can be effectively handled with the current in-situ techniques. However, there are limitations associated with this process. The use of a rigid metallic consolidation applicator is routinely used in the in-situ process for a few different reasons such as extremely high processing temperatures and the need to evenly distribute the consolidation force across the width of the material. Depending upon material width, thickness, resin system and part curvature the use of a rigid roller to apply effective consolidation force is restricted. Additionally, with some in-situ processing approaches the ability to apply individual tows of material with a single processing head is problematic. Finding a modified or alternative approach to apply a consolidation force that is more conformable and demonstrate individual tow control is a way to make the in-situ process more valuable. Our objective in this Phase 1 SBIR will be to determine the feasibility of a conformable consolidation head, determine suitable evaluation criteria for structures made with a conformable head and design conceptual solutions for the issues at hand

KAZAK COMPOSITES, INC. 10F GIll Street Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 932-5667 Andrew Paddock NAVY 08-136 Awarded: 10/1/2008
Title:	Fail Safe Composite Aircraft Arrestment
Abstract:	Navy pilots have landed for years by capturing a heavy steel cable designed to stop them safely on carrier decks. Multiple cable sets strung across the flight deck are responsible for transferring enormous aircraft deceleration loads to below-deck hydraulic arresting engines. Current steel cables are very heavy, and must be changed after a relatively low number of landings. As the highly lubricated cables are continuously tested with 100,000 pounds tensile loading, outer steel wires fail visually, indicating need for replacing the entire cable. Realizing the simplicity and ease of this readily observable failure, KaZaK will develop a new composite/metal hybrid that features both the current visual damage indication and a failsafe construction. This new KaZaKable will have half the weight of the present design, with many times greater operational lifespan. KaZaK proposes to develop and demonstrate an automated pultrusion/braiding technology to manufacture the new cables at very low cost. Scale model cables will be built and tested in Phase I. The fail safe cable system development will be completed in Phase II with a variation of a current KaZaK cable fitting design. Extensive commercialization experience will catalyze KaZaK�s success for the next generation cable insertion into the fleet.

WIREROPE WORKS, INC. 100 Maynard Street Williamsport, PA 17701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(570) 327-4233 Michael F. Catino NAVY 08-136 Awarded: 10/16/2008
Title:	Advanced Cable for Arresting Aircraft
Abstract:	A design evaluation of possible IWRC type ropes will be completed including suggested parameters to be investigated. The approved designs will be used to produce test lengths of sample ropes. The sample ropes will be tested to evaluate the performance improvment and the factors affecting that improvement. The best improvements will be used in Phase II full scale testing.

AGILTRON CORP. 15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Thomas Curl NAVY 08-137 Awarded: 10/1/2008
Title:	Cure System Equipment Optimization for Rapid Cure Epoxy Coated Fiberglass
Abstract:	Based on Agiltron�s extensive experience of design and fabrication of UV LED cure systems that are currently employed in the fiber optics field, we propose to construct a new cost-effective UV LED-based cure system and epoxy resin for the rapid cure epoxy impregnated fiberglass for galvanic barrier ply applications. Our novel optical design enables this UV cure system to deliver sufficient and consistent energy over a long working distance and fully cure epoxy impregnated fiberglass parts over a variety of shapes and sizes without having to individually tailor the cure parameters for each part. The system uses small high-power LED�s in a specialized and unique configuration, as a solid-state source, to provide a very robust and flexible cure system. This design is reconfigurable and can be either a hand-held �UV light brush� powered by a compact battery for small spaces or repair areas, or as part of a larger �plug-in� portable system. The portable system automatically controls exposure and uses minimized floor and storage space. In both configurations the system is energy efficient, low power, light weight, with a very low heat load compared with current lamp technology.. The system is upgradeable and easy to maintain.

INTELLIGENT OPTICAL SYSTEMS, INC. 2520 W. 237th Street Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(424) 263-6316 Vladimir Rubtsov NAVY 08-137 Awarded: 10/1/2008
Title:	UV/Thermal Optimized Rapid Epoxy Curing Source (ORECS)
Abstract:	Between any graphite composite part that is in contact with aluminum in typical aerospace structures, there exists a fiberglass corrosion barrier isolation layer. New tighter mating tolerances require a different fabrication process. Current galvanic barrier restoration technology is labor intensive and cost ineffective. Therefore, the DoD requires a new source of radiation for rapid curing of the co-developed novel epoxy that is resistant to standard DoD aircraft fluids and environments. The U.S. Navy issued two solicitations to fulfill this need: one for resin and another for hardware. Responding to the call for hardware, Intelligent Optical Systems (IOS), with our vast experience in successful high- output LED-based systems, proposes to develop the novel UV/Thermal Optimized Rapid Epoxy Curing Source (ORECS). IOS will collaborate on the proposed ORECS project with Spectra Group Limited, Inc, (SGL), co-developer of the epoxy. IOS seeks to develop a superbright radiation source in a modular design. Each ORECS module will contain LED cells and will provide combined UV and thermal radiation for curing. These modules will be attached to each other and controlled so that the maximum range of part configurations and dimensions can be cured in the minimum time, saving time and money for the U.S. Navy.

RENEGADE MATERIALS CORP. 3363 South Tech Blvd Miamisburg, OH 45342
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 901-1202 Susan Robitaille NAVY 08-137 Awarded: 9/30/2008
Title:	Cure System Equipment Optimization for Rapid Cure Epoxy Coated Fiberglass
Abstract:	Ultraviolet (UV) cure materials and processing equipment have been used extensively in automotive and industrial applications, for decades. Several high-performance UV- curable resins and capital equipment have shown promise for use in military aircraft applications as a composite layer to restore the galvanic barrier, and also as a machining layer to achieve impossible to net-mold composite dimensional tolerances. It is the goal of this program to evaluate a new UV curing resin technology in cooperation with existing and next-generation UV cure lamps, conveyor and robotic curing systems. The use of rapidly cured UV composite materials promises to result in significant savings in fabrication time, cost, and repair of aircraft such as the F35 Lightning JSF. The purpose of this SBIR is to combine the expertise of UV cure equipment technology market-leaders with that of proven aerospace composite product development leaders � to demonstrate, manufacture, and commercialize qualified UV-cure equipment ready for transition to this production platform.

ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS, INC. 135 E. Ortega Street Santa Barbara, CA 93101
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 966-3331 Bradley Short NAVY 08-138 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Non-Mechanical LADAR for Improving The Helicopter Pilot�s Situational Awareness in Reduced Visual Cue Environments
Abstract:	Advanced Scientific Concepts, Inc. (ASC) has developed non-mechanical LADAR imagers based on its patented array technology. Flash LADAR Video Cameras (FLVC) output 128x128 3D point clouds at video rates. The LADAR sensing that ASC has been pursuing is directly in-line with the approach and form-factor needed to enable helicopter landing in reduced visibility. The proposed effort will leverage the current development work ASC has ongoing with iRobot and NASA, with a focus on producing a helicopter mounted 3D LADAR system for Brown-Out. Phase I will produce the models, requirements and preliminary design concepts to produce a robust Phase II prototype. In Phase II ASC will develop a prototype LADAR sensor that will scalable and robust. This compact lightweight sensor will be suitable for demonstration on a helicopter. The sensor will provide real-time point clouds with refresh rates up to 20 Hz. The laser will be eye- safe(1.57um) and require no scanning.

ARETE ASSOC. P.O. Box 2607 Winnetka, CA 91396
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 651-6756 James Murray NAVY 08-138 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Non-Mechanical LADAR for Improving The Helicopter Pilot�s Situational Awareness in Reduced Visual Cue Environments
Abstract:	One of the major technical challenges of modern military and commercial rotary wing aviation is effective instrument aided navigation in brownout or whiteout conditions that can occur during landing or maneuvering in sandy, dusty, snowy or marine environments. Helicopter prop-wash churns up dense clouds of airborne particles that impede visibility. These conditions can escalate into crashing descents, lateral drift rollovers and collisions with ground features or obstacles. According to a recent Aviation Week & Space Technology article, �brownout has been blamed on the loss of more than 20 helicopters and 50 lives since 2001.� This illustrates a compelling need to develop and field in situ situational awareness sensors that can see through dust clouds and generate 3D terrain and obstacle maps of the landing zone in near real-time to provide active visual feedback to pilots during landing in brownout or whiteout conditions. Aret� Associates and Vescent Photonics have teamed to provide a state-of-the-art dust penetrating laser radar (DUSPEN) technology to see-through brownout/whiteout conditions. Aret� will marry its fiber laser based imaging lidar technology and our extensive experience in developing 3D imaging lidar systems for applications in highly turbid medium with a newly developed non-mechanical beam steering technology pioneered by Vescent Photonics. This combination of technologies and experience should result in a significant advancement in see-through situational awareness sensor technology.

BRIDGER PHOTONICS, INC. 112 East Lincoln Bozeman, MT 59715
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(406) 920-1339 Randy Reibel NAVY 08-138 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Non-Mechanical High Resolution LADAR Based Around A Frequency Swept Optical Source
Abstract:	Bridger Photonics (BP) and collaborative partner Montana State University (MSU) propose to develop a completely novel, non-mechanical scanning mechanism that will enable a compact, high-resolution, imaging LADAR system for enhanced navigation aid during helicopter brownouts. Such systems are becoming prominent in today�s modernized military especially as the cost in lives and dollars has come to the Navy�s attention. LADAR imaging is needed for increased functionality including enhanced situational awareness, obstacle detection and avoidance during landing. Due to the demanding payload requirements, any enabling technology must be sufficiently rugged, compact and lightweight. BP�s proposed LADAR system will be capable of rapid volumetric scans with resolution up to 1 cm3 over a range of 30 m and a 30� x 60� field-of-view. The system will utilize an ultra-compact laser source, have no moving parts, and take advantage of a unique heterodyne detection technique to reduce receiver electronic bandwidths and processing requirements making the system robust, compact and affordable. The proposed system is based on BP�s recent innovations in controlling frequency-swept optical laser sources and utilizing these sources to provide a unique non-mechanically scanned, wavelength multiplexed imaging system.

OPTICAL AIR DATA SYSTEMS, LLC 10781 James Payne Court Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 393-0754 Elizabeth Dakin NAVY 08-138 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Non-Mechanical LADAR for Improving The Helicopter Pilot�s Situational Awareness in Reduced Visual Cue Environments
Abstract:	We propose the development of a motion free, eye-safe, all fiber optic laser based scanning system for real time terrain mapping under degraded visual conditions. The proposed technique leverages on advances in fiber optic laser and sensor technology developed over the past decade for the telecommunication industry as well as the high power fiber laser market. The resulting system provides a practical solution for a high speed scanning system capable of operating in the harsh helicopter environment. The proposed system will be capable of providing a 10 Hz dsiaply update rate to the pilot under all conditions.

COLORADO ALTITUDE TRAINING, LLC 686 South Taylor Ave., Suite 101 Louisville, CO 80027
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 440-4102 Shaun Wallace NAVY 08-139 Awarded: 9/22/2008
Title:	Mixed Gas Hypoxia Training in Low Pressure Chambers
Abstract:	We must determine if we can incorporate our existing normobaric simulated altitude technology into a hypobaric chamber so that the chamber may first climb to 20,000 feet under normobaric mixed gas conditions, and then climb another 10,000 feet using low pressure, maintaining a steady 30,000 feet. Alternatively, we need to determine if we can we create a modular room adjacent to the hypobaric chamber that will allow students to experience 30,000 feet of simulated normobaric altitude? We believe that the answer to both of these questions is yes, we can. The first approach will require testing new oxygen sensors that can operate with our existing control system in a presurized environment. We will also test hoses, valves and seals that will allow our hypoxic air generators to perform without being damaged by the changes in pressure. In the second approach, we will need to design and develop a satisfactory altitude room that will be sealed sufficiently with an appropriate entry/exit system to allow for climbing to and maintaining 30,000 feet.

ENVIRONICS, INC. 69 Industrial Park Road East Tolland, CT 06084
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 872-1111 Thomas Bamford NAVY 08-139 Awarded: 9/1/2008
Title:	Mixed Gas Hypoxia Training in Low Pressure Chambers
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to improve the safety and effectiveness of hypoxia recognition and recovery training for mask-off aircrew using the 9A9 low pressure chamber or other suitable enclosure to provide mixed gas hypoxia training. This proposal demonstrates the feasibility of providing hypoxia recognition and recovery training using normalbaric mixed gases or a combination of mixed gas and pressure altitudes of 8- 10,000 ft. for mask-off hypoxia training. This training would be provided using the existing 9A9 hypobaric chambers at the Naval Aviation Survival Training Centers. If only normalbaric mixed gas training was required an alternative enclosure could be utilized.

AGILTRON CORP. 15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Guanghai Jin NAVY 08-140 Awarded: 10/16/2008
Title:	Micro-Structure Enhanced MWIR/LWIR Uncooled Imager
Abstract:	Agiltron has developed and demonstrated fabrication capability for a new category of uncooled photomechanical IR imagers that convert infrared radiation into visible images using a conventional visible-light CMOS camera. This breakthrough thermal image technology potentially offers next generation thermal camera performance attributes of: Large Pixel Array, Uncooled Operation, High Sensitivity, Fast Response and Low Cost. Leveraging this uncooled IR image technology developed in the past 7 years and in collaboration with Prof. Rana Biswas of Iowa State University, we propose a new improvement via incorporating micro-machined photonic crystal structure. This new design will simplify the manufacture process at the same time address the critical requirements of high sensitivity and extremely large dynamic range as well as multiple band operation for may critical military and commercial applications. The proposed imager will feature simultaneous dual-band MWIR/LWIR operation, high sensitivity, large dynamic range, megapixel resolution, uncooled operation, minimized weight, volume, power, and cost. During Phase I, the feasibility of the proposed technique approach will be demonstrated. A fully functional photonic crystal enhanced dual-band MWIR/LWIR imager will be prototyped in Phase II.

RL ASSOC. 1350 Edgmont Ave. University Technology Park Bldg. Chester, PA 19013
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 499-7529 Richard Billmers NAVY 08-140 Awarded: 10/16/2008
Title:	Broadband Infrared Detector Array for Combined Laser Designator / Range Finder
Abstract:	RL Associates, Inc. proposes to study the feasibility of implementing a single high broadband sensitivity, uncooled infrared detector array as a replacement for several of the sensors currently incorporated into the Joint Multi-Mission Electro-optic System (JMMES). Feasibility will be demonstrated using an electron bombarded CMOS sensor based on an InGaAs photocathode image intensifier. The sensor would be capable of replacing the current laser designator and laser range finder detectors, operating at 1.06 um and 1.55 um, respectively. Advantages of this sensor include increased sensitivity, multi-band sensitivity, and the addition of imaging capability to a system currently using several single pixel detectors. This sensor may also be used to replace or augment channels in the JMMES MSI, giving it a third application in a single unit.

TRITON SERVICES, INC. 17001 Science Drive Suite 100 Bowie, MD 20715
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 384-5467 Daniel So NAVY 08-140 Awarded: 10/16/2008
Title:	Improved Low Light Level, Wide Multi-Band Infrared Imager
Abstract:	A detector array with a low cost and high sensitivity across the IR spectrum that requires little to no cooling is desired. Triton Services, Inc. is proposing to develop a new class of microelectromechanical based IR imagers with a sensitivity that exceeds the current state-of-the-art by an order of magnitude and with properties that can be adjusted post production, even during the operation of the device. The specific application that motivates our investigation is the development of an inexpensive, room-temperature, infrared focal plane array to replace the ubiquitous cryogenic cooled, passive, multiple- wavelength, thermal imaging sensors carried by most combat aircrafts, unmanned aerial vehicles, many satellites, warships and ground vehicles. The new focal plane array is expected to process many widely spaced wavelengths from 1-12 microns using a single array.

DELCROSS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 2009 Fox Drive Unit K Champaign, IL 61820
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(312) 431-7413 Bob Kipp NAVY 08-141 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Design and Optimization of Radar Systems to Assist Rotorcraft Piloting in Adverse Environments
Abstract:	Rotorcraft are increasingly turning toward high-resolution Ka- through W-band radar sensors that can image terrain and obstructions but also see through the particulates that confound infrared and optical sensors, such as sand, ocean spray, and fog. As with any onboard sensor, designers must consider the antenna/platform interaction, and mature tools exist to address this type of problem. However, at these wavelengths, airborne vehicles can span several thousand wavelengths. This is well beyond the capability of any full-wave electromagnetic solver. While asymptotic techniques are practical here, they are powerless to model the antennas, themselves. We propose to investigate two novel techniques for integrating asymptotic and full-wave methods that can solve the end-to-end antenna/platform integration problem. One technique folds physical optics directly into method-of-moments to greatly expand the size of problem it can handle, but without compromising accuracy. The other splits the problem into small (full-wave) and large (asymptotic) regions, the novelty being the ease of integration that allows both solution regimes to fully couple. Phase I will focus on proof-of-concept and comparative evaluation of these two techniques. In Phase II, the more promising technique will be selected for full development, including a commercial-grade GUI.

OHRN ENTERPRISES, INC. 11 WEXFORD ROAD DEWITT, NY 13214
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(315) 443-1406 Mary Cannella Taylor NAVY 08-141 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Design and Optimization of Radar Systems to Assist Rotorcraft Piloting in Adverse Environments
Abstract:	The objective of this research proposal is to develop innovative analysis tools for the design and optimization of Ka through W band radar systems for rotorcraft piloting in adverse environments. The analysis tools will facilitate the design of sensors to support the safe approach and landing of rotorcraft during brownout, whiteout, and sea spray as well as improved safety for night and no/low visibility, low altitude pilotage.

CORNERSTONE RESEARCH GROUP, INC. 2750 Indian Ripple Road Dayton, OH 45440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 320-1877 Jason M Hermiller NAVY 08-142 Awarded: 8/26/2008
Title:	Morphing Resonators for Adaptive Noise Reduction
Abstract:	Cornerstone Research Group Inc. (CRG) proposes to advance materials and processes for suppressing radiated noise in an aircraft engine nacelle. CRG seeks to eliminate the complexity of current active systems through the use of CRG�s �smart� materials in shape memory polymer (SMP) based material systems. Design tools will be developed to computationally predict performance of morphing resonator concepts and provide a frame work to establish design methods to develop adaptive liners for all Navy aircraft. The morphing resonator concept will reduce broadband noise and tune absorption properties through flight regime changes. CRG will leverage much experience in morphing system design to realize the morphing resonator concept.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Information Technologies 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Keehoon Kim NAVY 08-142 Awarded: 8/26/2008
Title:	Spontaneously Tunable Acoustic Smart Arrays
Abstract:	To address the Navy need for an innovative tunable acoustic liner for aircraft engine noise reduction, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop new Spontaneously Tunable Acoustic Smart Arrays (STASA). They are based on a set of smart regulating structures , modifying noise attenuation characteristics according to aircraft flight regimes, takeoff, cruise (low, mid, high speeds), and landing. The innovation in STASA will enable the acoustic liner not only to reduce engine noise by >20 dB in a broadband range down to 1000 Hz, but also to reinforce structure integrity. We will apply POC�s adaptive control algorithms to provide tunable noise attenuation. STASA will be designed to use a low-oxidation material, robustly packaged for a lifetime >25 years and to avoid adverse infrared, fatigue, flutter, or engine performance effects. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of STASA through design, simulation, development, and testing of a prototype acoustic liner. We will verify the simulation results and near-field performance. In Phase II, POC plans to develop a fieldable Phase II STASA prototype and demonstrate it in a simulated environment where a representative engine noise environment can be produced, resulting in both experimental evaluation and verification via proven computational methodologies.

SPECTRAL ENERGIES, LLC 2513 Pierce Ave. Ames, IA 50010
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 266-9570 Sivaram P. Gogineni NAVY 08-142 Awarded: 8/27/2008
Title:	Development of a Piezoelectric Active Acoustic Liner for Jet Engine Noise Reduction
Abstract:	Acoustic liners are presently used for attenuating combustion and turbine noise radiated from jet engines. Current acoustic liners are passive by nature. This is a drawback because they are only able to absorb acoustic energy over a limited bandwidth. A possible solution to this drawback is the development of an active acoustic liner. The main advantage of this concept is the ability to tune the acoustic impedance for optimal attenuation at variable operating conditions. In this proposal we outline the development of a piezoelectric acoustic liner that is capable of adapting its attenuation characteristics to the various flight regimes, thus making it a candidate for an active acoustic liner. The liner is active because an electrical excitation is applied to the piezoelectric element causing the porous face sheet to vibrate at a prescribed frequency and displacement. Preliminary results have demonstrated that the active liner can improve the absorption characteristics compared to a passive liner. To build upon these results, a computational model will be developed during Phase I to predict the acoustic absorption properties of the piezoelectric actuator and the perforated liner sheet. Then during option portion of Phase I, the computational model will be further developed and experiments will be run to optimize the liner performance.

ENOGETEK, INC. 2716 Sunrise Street Yorktown Height, NY 10598
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(914) 290-4747 Lin-Feng Li NAVY 08-143 Awarded: 10/16/2008
Title:	Metal Air Seawater Battery as the Power Source for High Power Long Endurance Sonobuoy and UAV Sonobuoy Applications
Abstract:	After comparing various power sources, including primary lithium battery, metal air seawater battery and hydrogen fuel cell, we come to the conclusion that magnesium air seawater battery is the best choice for the sonobuoy applications in terms of specific energy, energy density, shelf life, system cost, reliability, and safety for personnel and host vehicle. In this SBIR program, leveraging on our technical achievements, metal air seawater battery will be further developed, produced and certified as the expendable power source for long endurance sonobuoy and UAV sonobuoy applications. The initial analysis suggests that this system could provide over 7 times longer running time than current Mg/AgCl activation battery. The objectives of the program is to develop a lightweight, long endurance, high power output, low cost sonobuoy and Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) battery to replace current chemistry and extend the endurance given the volume, weight and safety constraints.

MAXPOWER, INC. 141 Christopher Lane Harleysville, PA 19438
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 513-4230 Ian Kowalczwk NAVY 08-143 Awarded: 10/2/2008
Title:	Long Endurance, High Power Battery
Abstract:	Maxpower Inc. is proposing the replacement of the present UAV-Sonobouy battery chemistry with a novel high power Lithium Monofluoride[Li/(CF)n] system. Though historically used in low power applications, Maxpower has proven that Li/(CF)n systems can meet high power requirements by combining proprietary thin cathode technology with a highly porous electrospun separator. Projections based upon lab scale tests show that a 20% reduction in volume and a 33% increase in flight time can be achieved with this new system. If implemented, the Li/(CF)n chemistry will eliminate the consumption of silver in the current Magnesium/Silver-Chloride system, offering a significant reduction raw material costs.

ACREE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1980 Olivera Road Suite D Concord, CA 94520
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 798-5770 Mike McFarland NAVY 08-144 Awarded: 10/15/2008
Title:	Erosion Resistant Coatings for Large Size Gas Turbine Engine Compressor Airfoils
Abstract:	The purpose of this proposal is to demonstrate the effectiveness of using Acree Technology�s erosion resistant coating to protect large-size turbine engine compressor airfoils for the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Short Take-Off and Vertical Landing (STOVL) aircraft. The JSF STOVL compressor airfoils for both the LiftFan and the F-135 engine are constructed using integrally bladed rotors that can be over a 1 meter in diameter. Acree�s erosion resistant coating has been extensively tested in previous projects and is currently at Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 6. Acree has large deposition chambers for applying our erosion resistant coating that are well suited for coating the JSF airfoils.

AMERICAS PHENIX 121 Tennessee Avenue, N.E. Washington, DC 20002
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(202) 409-1287 Marcio Duffles NAVY 08-144 Awarded: 10/16/2008
Title:	Erosion Resistant Coatings for Large Size Gas Turbine Engine Compressor Airfoils
Abstract:	Jet engine titanium compressor airfoils are susceptible to erosion damage ranging from a few percent loss in blade chord length in fighter engines to more significant erosion exhibited by helicopter engines operating in desert environments. The application of titanium nitride coatings on individual compressor airfoils have provided significant operational, maintenance and safety benefits for helicopter engines operating in desert environments. Yet, this technology has not been applied on large integrally bladed compressor rotors due to the challenge of coating large parts with diameters greater than 0.4 m and the more subtle erosion characteristic of jet engine compressor airfoils as compared to helicopter engines. However, a few percent chord loss in a titanium, integrally bladed compressor rotor is signicant in that the repair and replacement costs are much more expensive than for individual airfoils. Additionally, a few percent in chord loss decreases compressor performance and increases fuel consumption. The application of erosion resistant coatings on large, titanium compressor integrally bladed rotors via a cathodic arc physical vapor deposition process utilizing machines with sufficient coating capacity could potentially provide the necessary erosion protection within specified fatigue debit limits; hence, increasing the mean-time-between-repair interval, maintaining compressor performance and decreasing fuel consumption.

HERMAN ADVANCED ENGINEERING, INC. 4337 Wyandotte Woods Blvd Dublin, OH 43016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(614) 530-4824 Herman Shen NAVY 08-144 Awarded: 10/15/2008
Title:	Development of Multifunctional Erosion-Damping Coating Systems and Application Methods for IBRs and Blisks
Abstract:	In this Phase I effort, new advanced multifunctional thin-layered erosion-resistant (ERC) systems and process technologies will be developed. The goal of the research is to develop innovative and advanced multifunctional damping coating systems in thin layer configurations not only to enhance high damping for prevention of HCF but also to significantly improve resistance to erosion. An additional goal is to further enhance fatigue strength of gas turbine compressor IBRs or blisks in harsh sand ingestion and/or combustion gas environments. The advanced multifunctional erosion-resistant damping coating system consists of a duplex coating system which consists of a top coat, a state- of-the-art multi-layered erosion resistant coating and a bond coat, our damping coating system. The damping bond coating can be seen as a soft core supporting a hard outer surface (ERC). The combination of a hard surface and a soft interior has been greatly valued in modern engineering because it can withstand very high stress and fatigue which thus acts as a damage barrier to prevent crack penetration into the substrate from ERC and to arrest cracks initiated from the substrate.

UES, INC. 4401 Dayton-Xenia Road Dayton, OH 45432
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 426-6900 Amarendra K. Rai NAVY 08-144 Awarded: 10/9/2008
Title:	Erosion Resistant and Damping Coating for Large Size Gas Turbine Engine Compressor Airfoil
Abstract:	The Joint Strike Fighter Short Take-off and Vertical Landing (STOVL) aircraft will operate in desert environments and ingest abrasive particles during the critical take-off and landing stages of operation. Under such conditions, the compressor airfoils on the JSF STOVL aircraft�s integrally bladed rotors (IBR) for both the lift-fan and cruise engines may get damaged which can lead to poor engine performance and potential failure. Since these IBRs are relatively large, it would be expensive to manufacture and replace. UES, Inc. proposes to develop erosion resistant coatings to maintain IBRs� performance (efficiency) and to delay its degradation due to sand erosion. The developed coatings will be evaluated in terms of erosion resistance and damping. Based on such evaluations the coatings will be ranked. Highly ranked coatings will be further developed in Phase II.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5269 Babak Azimi-Sadjadi NAVY 08-145 Awarded: 10/16/2008
Title:	Relative Ultra Tight IMU/GPS Integration
Abstract:	Intelligent Automation Inc. (IAI) proposes a novel ultra tightly integrated IMU/GPS system where two or more integrated IMU/GPS units send their raw observation as well as IMU measurements for relative positioning. In this proposed method we develop a new GPS receiver based on IAI�s Cooperative RAKE receiver that is capable of significantly reducing the effect of multipath induced error by tracking each discernable multipath and line of sight signal on each RAKE finger independently. In addition to this, the integrated IMU/GPS algorithm uses the PLL tracking loop to generate and track GPS signal. Once a GPS satellite (channel) is lost this generated GPS signal will be used as the input to the receiver so that the PLL continuously track the lost channel. This allows a very narrowband filter for the PLL with very fast carrier recovery and tracking when the lost channel is regained. Even in the case of total GPS blackout a high accuracy IMU is used for generating GPS signal for the input of the receiver for an interval of time which depends on the performance of the IMU.

NAVSYS CORP. 14960 Woodcarver Road Colorado Springs, CO 80921
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(719) 481-4877 Benjamin L. Mathews NAVY 08-145 Awarded: 10/16/2008
Title:	Relative Global Positioning System/ Inertial Navigation System (GPS/INS) Innovations for Autonomous Unmanned Air Systems (UAS)
Abstract:	The Navy Unmanned Combat Air System (N-UCAS) vision is to develop a weapon delivery system that expands tactical mission options and provides revolutionary new air power and penetrating surveillance capability. Key to the N-UCAS mission is the ability to perform precision autonomous navigation, even in GPS-denied environments. Under a current contract with the Navy, NAVSYS is developing a method of improving the existing Relative Navigation (RELNAV) functionality in Link-16 terminals to operate with near-GPS quality by embedding a virtual atomic reference clock that is common across all �Server� terminals. These Server terminals can then provide Precision-RELNAV (P-RELNAV) services to �Client� terminals in jammed environments. Under this SBIR effort, we propose to develop a P-RELNAV application suitable for use with other tactical data links that will be used by N-UCAS. Leveraging our recent work GPS-NAP and RELNAV work, an integrated GPS/TOA/INS Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (GTI-RAIM) algorithm and navigation filter will also be developed that will gracefully integrate RELNAV measurements with existing GPS-INS measurements to provide a robust navigation solution.

DIAMOND VISIONICS LLC 400 Plaza Drive, Suite-A Vestal, NY 13850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(607) 729-8526 James Pendrys NAVY 08-146 Awarded: 8/14/2008
Title:	Cross-Cockpit Collimated Displays for Flight Simulation
Abstract:	At present, multi-viewer cockpit displays that provide accurate collimation and consistency of other display characteristics, such as intensity and tint, require expensive projection systems. The capability to accomplishing these functions with PC based software would provide both reduced cost and flexibility. Not only would less expensive projectors be required, such software executed on a PC using a GPU would be able to be tuned to any selected projection systems. The sophistication of GPU based graphics on PCs permits modification of the image input to the projection system such that images by multiple projectors can be made to be collimated, have equal intensity, have equal tint, and in general, proved a seamless combined image. DVC has five years of experience using GPU based software for image generation. This experience will permit DVC to develop software for the control of cross-cockpit displays that permit a seamless display with multiple projectors. In addition, nonlinear optimization techniques provide the capability to obtain both collimation and consistency of color and intensity across the entire scene automatically, that is, rapidly and without human intervention. These optimization methods are well known in both the mathematical and engineering communities

Q4 SERVICES LLC 1410 N Goldenroad Road Suite 1 Orlando, FL 32807
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 382-4000 Mike Ponder NAVY 08-146 Awarded: 8/14/2008
Title:	Cross-Cockpit Collimated Displays for Flight Simulation
Abstract:	Current simulator cross-cockpit displays offering large field of view, multi-viewer (two or more), collimated displays are expensive and have a number of performance and viewing deficiencies such as irregular geometry, heavy weight, high cost and finally poor vergence and collimation. Some of these problems become apparent in a number of ways such as difficulties in maintenance setup caused by irregularities in the display and color drop off and sometimes even motion sickness and pilot headaches. The optical properties of present day systems work on the �assumption� that the mirror is perfectly spherical when we know that this is not the case. Working on this erroneous assumption,the shape and size of the back projection screen is calculated. When these two major components ( mirror and back projection screen) are brought together to form the complete optical system the anomalies in the curvature of the mirror become evident in the display by way of edge compression and other visual distortions. Poor system performance can have a detrimental impact on training as is termed �negative training� as it destroys the �illusion� that the training provider is attempting to generate by reminding the pilot that it is �only pretend�.

VIDEO DISPLAY CORP. DBA VDC DISPLAY SYSTEMS 7177 N. Atlantic Avenue Cape Canaveral, FL 32920
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 784-4427 Haizhang Li NAVY 08-146 Awarded: 8/14/2008
Title:	Cross-Cockpit Collimated Displays for Flight Simulation
Abstract:	VDC Display Systems proposes an innovative approach to develop and to commercialize a large-area, large field-of-view, multi-viewer, collimated display system for flight simulation. To address some key issues associated with current flight simulation systems, such as high maintenance cost, difficulty in installation, alignment and calibration for image and color matching between individual display channels, the innovative system is characterized with implementation of a spherical video screen built by customized tricolor SMT (surface-mount) LED modules, to replace multiple projectors and the spherical screen currently used in traditional flight simulators, while keeping the collimating mirror, to achieve substantial improvement in image performance, higher contrast and brightness, system efficiency, and overall cost reduction.

ADVANCED OPTICAL SYSTEMS, INC. 6767 Old Madison Pike Suite 410 Huntsville, AL 35806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 971-0036 Stephen Granade NAVY 08-147 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Improved LADAR
Abstract:	Visually degraded environment (VDE) conditions pose a threat to Navy and Marine Corps helicopter by dramatically decreasing pilots� situational awareness. Brownout and whiteout conditions are especially dangerous. Sensors such as laser radar (LADAR) imaging sensors can see through dust, snow and fog by gating past obscurants, but in order to provide the pilot with imagery that most closely resembles what is outside the aircraft, the spatial resolution, range accuracy, and fields of view of existing LADARs must be improved. We will address this by improving an already state-of-the-art real-time flash LADAR system built by Ball Aerospace. We will improve LADAR resolution by fusing its 3D information with 2D information from a high-resolution infrared or visual camera or from an obscurant-penetrating millimeter wave radar, producing resolution on the order of a megapixel visible camera. We will improve range resolution using variable offset delays and intelligent interpolation. We will improve the LADAR�s field of view using wide field- of-view optics and a non-inertial scanning system such as counter-rotating Risley prisms. Our improvements will be applied in real time and produce imagery comparable to what the pilot would see outside the helicopter.

OPTIMETRICS, INC. 3115 Professional Drive Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 973-1177 Brian Mitchell NAVY 08-147 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Improve LASER RADAR (LADAR) Image and Data System Processing with Multi-Sensor Fusion in Vertical Lift Visual Degraded Environments
Abstract:	OptiMetrics proposes to design a sensor system to provide situational awareness for rotary wing aircraft pilots in visually degraded environments (VDE). The design will capitalize on ten years of experience in the development of algorithms to process LADAR and passive sensor imagery which enhance range resolution, image resolution, image quality and support generation of wide field-of-view images. The technology proposed supports high update rates and has suitable size, weight and power requirements for helicopters and tilt-rotor aircraft applications.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Applied Technologies Division 20600 Gramercy Place. Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Wei Peng NAVY 08-147 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Multi-Sensor Based Superresolution Hyperspectral Imaging Ladar System
Abstract:	To address the Navy�s need for an innovative laser radar image and data processing technology for helicopter vertical lift in visually degraded environments (VDEs), Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Multisensor-based Superresolution Hyperspectral Imaging Ladar (MSHIL) system. This MSHIL system is based on an innovative sensor fusion of gated laser radar, visual and video sensors for multiband spectral detection, hyperspectral imagery, and multiframe superresolution technologies. This system offers: 1) high image and range resolutions (over 1,024 x 720 pixels and within centimeters for a 100 to 1,000 ft range); 2) wide FOV of over 60 degrees x 120 degrees; 3) real-time operation (over 1,000 image correlations per second); 4) compactness, light weight, and low power consumption; and 5) reliability with over 99% probability of detection. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the MSHIL system by defining system requirements and architecture design, conducting software simulation, and assembling a scaled-down TRL 4 MSHIL system prototype. In Phase II POC will develop a MSHIL engineering prototype system and demonstrate its capability for real-time high-resolution wide-FOV helicopter operations.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Michelle T. Schulberg NAVY 08-148 Awarded: 8/27/2008
Title:	Rapid Deposition of Uniform Thickness Fiber Interfaces in Bulk Fabric for CMC Toughening
Abstract:	Physical Sciences Inc. will develop a BN/Si3N4 fiber interface coating that can be applied uniformly to fibers in a woven fabric and provide toughening in SiC fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMCs). Using traditional CVD precursors such as BCl3, NH3, and SiCl4, we will demonstrate a rapid, self-limiting, scalable vapor phase deposition process to create coatings of uniform thickness throughout the tows. Due to the improved uniformity of the fiber coating, the interface thickness can be reduced, increasing the flexibility of the fabric and ease of handling. We will fabricate a CMC plate from the coated fabric, measure the composite strength to verify toughening, and provide a conceptual design for a commercial-scale reactor to coat full bolts of fabric. During Phase II, we will optimize the thickness, composition, and morphology of the coating and will perform more extensive materials testing including stress oxidation. More uniform, thinner interfaces will improve the high temperature performance and reduce the manufacturing costs of CMCs for long-life applications in advanced propulsion components.

SYNTERIALS, INC. 318 Victory Drive Herndon, VA 20170
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 471-9310 Alan Grieve NAVY 08-148 Awarded: 8/28/2008
Title:	Advanced Process Schemes for Improvement of the Dimensional Stability of Ceramic Matrix Composites
Abstract:	Ceramic matrix composites (CMC) are being developed for turbine engine exhaust structures on the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) and other advanced military platforms. One of the primary candidate material systems for manufacturing components in the exhaust structure is a polymer-derived matrix composite that uses a silicon carbide based fiber reinforcement. These CMC components can be complex shapes that require very precise dimensional tolerances. Deviations from as-molded and machined dimensions as a result of thermal excursions during processing can result in rejected parts. The aim of this program is to develop a modified processing scheme that will eliminate this particular problem. In order to achieve this goal, we will focus on the conditioning of the fiber reinforcement. Precise control of the thermal history of the reinforcement will result in improved dimensional stability. As a provider of interface coatings used in this type of ceramic composite, we will also investigate the effects of applying the interface coating before and after conditioning of the fiber reinforcement. The addition of this conditioning process step is expected to both reduce costs (as a result of higher yield) and improve the lifetime of the part.

ADVANCED MEDIA RESEARCH, INC. 3 Whitehouse Way Ringoes, NJ 08551
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(908) 240-7530 Sooha P. Lee NAVY 08-149 Awarded: 8/12/2008
Title:	Variable Speed Speech Synthesis
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of developing variable speed speech synthesis technology. We plan to use open source TTS systems because they often provide flexibility and interoperability, which is essential for research oriented work. To modify speaking speed, we plan to focus on time domain time-scale modification algorithms, which provide good quality with less computational complexity compared to other approaches such as sinusoidal models or vocoder-based approaches. We will test time domain methods including SOLA, PSOLA, and WSOLA. We will apply linear scaling factor, which modifies the duration regardless of whether the speech segment is a silence, a transient or a sustained vowel. We will also apply different scaling factors to different parts of speech segments. During the optional six months, we will focus on creating multiple voices by modifying voice types, gender, dialects (accents), and perceived emotion of the speech. Based on the source-filter models, we will investigate algorithms for modifying source and filter characteristics, from which many different voices can be generated.

LI CREATIVE TECHNOLOGIES 30 A Vreeland Road, Suite 130 Florham Park, NJ 07932
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(973) 822-0048 Qi (Peter) Li NAVY 08-149 Awarded: 8/11/2008
Title:	Variable Speed Speech Synthesis
Abstract:	We propose a completely trainable speech synthesis solution that is capable of synthesizing variable speed speech from different speakers under various speaking status. Specifically, our proposed system consists of a speaking status synthesis module, a speaker (accent) morphing module and a text-to-speech synthesis module. The novelty and uniqueness of our proposed approach are as follows: First, it decouples speaking status and speaker voice characteristics, and model them separately; second, it comprises two completely trainable modules. This allows the system to synthesize a variety of speech, e.g. fast speech under highly stressful condition.

PERCEPTRAL LLC 1436 Monroe Ave Racine, WI 53405
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 259-9665 Jonathan Pearl NAVY 08-149 Awarded: 8/27/2008
Title:	APE Segmentation for Variable Speed Speech Synthesis
Abstract:	We propose to apply proprietary technology to meet the needs of variable speed speech synthesis. Our approach involves a new method of sound segmentation that provides not only greater control of speech timing, but extensive control and variability of all manner of prosodic features, including intonation and accent, without undue degradation to sound quality and intelligibility. Current systems fail to provide these adequately, because of the methods by which units are selected, stored, and recalled for concatenation; the means by which these units are manipulated; and the absence of requisite markup standards for control of prosody in synthesis. The final deliverable of this project will be a stand-alone software package capable of providing the end-user variable control of speech rate in synthesis, as well as integration of this functionality as a module in a new generation of off-the-shelf speech synthesis engines.

METSS CORP. 300 Westdale Avenue Westerville, OH 43082
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(614) 797-2200 Jack Price NAVY 08-150 Awarded: 10/9/2008
Title:	Very Rapid Cure Capable Resin and Optimization for Pre-Preg Process Development of Barrier or Isolation Ply Materials
Abstract:	This proposal is for the development of a rapid cure resin system to be used as a galvanic barrier or isolation ply application on carbon fiber composite constructions. The galvanic barrier is composed of a UV curable resin used to make a pre-preg system with E-glass, 108-style fiberglass cloth. A UV cure resin is proposed with the use of high temperature and low dielectric cyanate ester monomers and oligomers. The cyanate esters will be copolymerized with epoxy, epoxy acrylate, novolac and bismaleimide monomers and oligomers to control Tg, viscosity, rate of cure and adhesion to the glass cloth and substrate. The UV catalyst for curing the cyanate ester formulations will be the type that produces a Lewis acid such as a sulfonium or oxonium type. The Tg and cure state of the resins will be evaluated by DSC. The resulting composite will be tested for elastic modulus, tensile strength and resin content.

RENEGADE MATERIALS CORP. 3363 South Tech Blvd Miamisburg, OH 45342
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 901-1202 Susan Robitaille NAVY 08-150 Awarded: 10/7/2008
Title:	Very Rapid Cure Capable Resin and Optimization for Pre-Preg Process Development of Barrier or Isolation Ply Materials
Abstract:	Ultraviolet (UV) cure materials have been used extensively in automotive and industrial applications, for decades. Several high-performance UV-curable resins have shown promise for use in military aircraft applications as a composite layer to restore the galvanic barrier, and also as a machining layer to achieve impossible to net-mold composite dimensional tolerances. It is the goal of this program to evaluate a new UV curing resin technology. This program will determine baseline properties and allow optimization of the UV resin chemistry to achieve high glass transition (Tg) temperatures and a good balance of mechanical properties. The rapidly cured UV composite materials promise to result in significant savings in fabrication time, cost, and repair of aircraft such as the F35 Lightning JSF. The purpose of this SBIR is to combine the expertise of UV cure researchers with that of proven aerospace composite product development leaders � to demonstrate, manufacture, and commercialize a qualified UV-cure Epoxy-Fiberglass prepreg product for transition to this production platform.

TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC. 9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 263-2101 John Bulluck NAVY 08-150 Awarded: 10/9/2008
Title:	Very Rapid Cure Capable Resin and Optimization for Pre-Preg Process Development of Barrier or Isolation Ply Materials
Abstract:	Current production methods for the composite galvanic isolation ply on the F-35 requires too much time for fabrication and are excessively expensive. TRI/Austin proposes to develop and test unique rapidly curing ultraviolet matrix resins producing innovative high performance, ambient storable, prepreg compositions for the F-35 program and ancillary future applications such as aircraft composite repair. A systematic development and testing program will result in a unique prepreg composition that cures within five minutes and produces a very high glass transition temperature composite. Experimental design techniques to be utilized will systematically evaluate formulation and processing components resulting in a low cost, rapid curing, well adhered, environmentally benign, and chemically resistant isolation ply. The effectiveness of our technical approach will be demonstrated in the course of laboratory based testing including glass transition temperature, cure time, resistance to typical aerospace fluids, weight, density, and thickness. This systematic approach has been proven to be the most effective method for the development of new materials and processes. Throughout the Phase I and II, TRI/Austin will work in cooperation with a prepreg manufacturer and the awardees of topic NAVY 08-137. Immediate benefits of this endeavor for the F-35 program are reduced costs, manhours, and increased production.

NANOVISION TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1721 Winding Ridge Circle SE Palm Bay, FL 32909
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 676-4560 John Voelkel NAVY 08-151 Awarded: 9/30/2008
Title:	FindMe� Radio: Innovative Non-GPS Geolocation System for Sonobuoys
Abstract:	The Navy has identified a need for the ability to locate a network of sonobuoy sensors that does not require GPS (Global Positioning System). Commercially, NanoVision Technologies, Inc. is leading efforts to provide geolocation and weather information to aircraft, boats and trucking industries using inexpensive but reliable miniature, extremely low power solutions. NanoVision is developing a new, revolutionary geolocation technology called the FindMe� Radio. The FindMe� Radio technology utilizes a combination of several key technologies that overcome the limitations of GPS (Global Positioning System) to achieve geolocation anywhere, indoor or outdoor. We will examine Radio Direction Finding (RDF) / TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) based approach and contrast this approach with Distance Measuring Radio (DMR) to identify the best possible solution for geolocation of sonobuoys with minimum impact to the current sonobuoy architecture. Current RDF techniques do not have the accuracy to reliably isolate multiple radio transmissions. In contrast, our FindMe� Radio approach utilizes innovative TDOA technology that overcomes the need for large bandwidth, at least three measurements, and precisely known antenna locations. Likewise, our DMR technology provides superior accuracy using miniature, low-power wideband pulses with low probability of intercept (LPI/D). Under this SBIR, we plan to research each of these approaches to determine the best approach for sonobuoy applications.

RDA, INC. P.O. Box 49 Doylestown, PA 18901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 340-9514 Richard G. Goelz NAVY 08-151 Awarded: 9/22/2008
Title:	Non-GPS Sonobouy Positioning System
Abstract:	Quick and accurate sonobuoy location is becoming more critical in the airborne ASW problem as multi-static active search systems and data fusion techniques play more dominant roles. Sonobuoy locations must be determined automatically and constantly updated in order to estimate target locations as soon as target detection clues are available to the acoustic subsystem. Obsolete methods of buoy location such as �Mark- on-Top�, and systems based on assumptions that the target will be held in contact for significant periods will not work. In Phase I, RDA proposes techniques that can be used to automatically locate sonobuoys by extracting information from the sonobuoy signals. Techniques include Angle-of-Arrival (AOA), and Doppler extraction. The AOA approach is applicable to multi-antenna sonobuoy receiving systems, whereas the Doppler extraction approach requires only a single antenna to produce the sonobuoy location. The techniques can also be combined to provide a comprehensive sonobuoy location system. The techniques address the various sonobuoy types and consider the real-world constraints and parameters, and performance is modeled in MATLAB. Preliminary design for a prototype and definition of a transition path to fleet avionics is also part of the Phase I.

SENSORCOM, INC. 1 Park Place Suite 300 Annapolis, MD 21401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 571-9425 Nate Rivera NAVY 08-151 Awarded: 9/23/2008
Title:	Non-GPS Sonobouy Positioning System
Abstract:	A proposal for the design and development of an aircraft based radio frequency emitter geo-location system to be used to mark the location of ocean deployed sonobuoys. This study will investigate a number of different emitter location techniques including TDOA, FDOA, and other hybrid geo-location techniques in order to determine optimal solution for use in operational aircraft. This proposal will investigate non-gps based solutions.

ARETE ASSOC. P.O. Box 2607 Winnetka, CA 91396
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 770-6028 Joseph Triscari NAVY 08-152 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	System for Multi-Ship Brown-Out Helicopter Landings
Abstract:	Aret� Associates (Aret�) proposes to develop advanced algorithms for landing area characterization from LADAR data for the purpose of assisting helicopter landing during brownout. Our algorithms will discriminate ground from non-ground objects; remove outlier data; identify flat areas/pits/trenches; and characterize level, uncluttered areas suitable for a helicopter landing zone. These processed data can then be distributed to a fleet of helicopters to plan a safe landing for each vehicle.

CG2, INC. 6330 San Ignacio Avenue San Jose, CA 95119
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 737-8800 Lisa Spencer NAVY 08-152 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	System for Multi-Ship Brown-Out Helicopter Landings
Abstract:	Brownout is the number one operational problem facing military rotorcraft today. Visual obscuration, combined with nose-up attitude during landing, make identification of landing area hazards difficult or impossible. Landing multiple helicopters is even more difficult, since the trailing aircraft must contend with the dust cloud resulting from landing the lead aircraft. To address this problem, CG2 is proposing a system that combines data from a LIDAR sensor and CCD or IR cameras mounted on the lead aircraft with user input regarding the flight profile parameters and telemetry from each of the aircraft in the formation to produce recommended flight profiles and synthetic vision displays that allow all of the aircraft to land safely. The system will generate a virtual scene using geometry extracted from the LIDAR data combined with correlated camera imagery so that objects may be identified more easily. The aircraft telemetry will be used to render a real-time scene that accurately depicts the position and orientation of each ship relative to the terrain, with a choice of viewpoints. The solution will be validated in a simulation environment as well as with real sensors, and be capable of running on ruggedized, embedded hardware.

TERRAMETRICS, INC. 8420 S. Continental Divide Rd., Ste. 110 Littleton, CO 80127
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 979-5255 Gregory A. Baxes NAVY 08-152 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Dynamic LADAR Terrain Generation System for Multi-ship Rotorcraft Brown-out Landings
Abstract:	TerraMetrics, Inc., proposes to demonstrate a key architecture and processing methodology that provides a direct solution for multi-aircraft formation helicopter landings in blinding brown-out conditions. The proposed innovation offers a synthetic vision implementation that self-generates, shares and displays a compact landing zone 3D terrain/obstacle model, and multi-aircraft approach and landing routes using lead-aircraft Laser Detection and Ranging (LADAR) sensor data, and formation aircraft location and motion vector data. Our approach, referred to as TerraBlocks� Clear-to- Land�/MultiView, builds on our TerraBlocks� Clear-to-Land� self-generating dynamic 3D terrain model technology coupled with our TerraBlocks� synthetic vision (SV) rendering and display engine. The focus is our cloud-to-surface methodology for propagating voluminous LADAR point cloud data into a compact, multi-resolution, real-time- displayable parametric heightfield surface model representation where ground and airborne obstacles are clearly displayed as �no-fly� volume features. The approach improves wire feature discrimination and retention against ground and primary features. Once received by each aircraft in the formation, the terrain/obstacle model and computed route plans, coupled with the continuous position and motion vector data from each aircraft, is displayed using the TerraBlocks� SV system throughout the formation approach and landing maneuvers, providing all pilots with a robust situational awareness instrument for brown-out landings.

3DSCANCO, INC. 1412 Oakbrook Drive Suite 190 Norcross, GA 30093
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(888) 433-7226 Karol Hatzilias NAVY 08-153 Awarded: 9/23/2008
Title:	Digital Method for Improved Custom Hearing Protection Equipment
Abstract:	The DoD spends over $1 Billion annually on disability payments attributed to hearing loss, yet this can be prevented. Research shows that with proper hearing protection a 19% reduction in hearing loss cases can be expected. Custom ear plugs force the user to wear the devices correctly and to retain hearing protection during activity, thus eliminating improper seating issues as the primary cause of DoD hearing loss cases. Realization of custom ear plugs within the DoD has been slow because current manual/physical ear impression technology is difficult to implement on a large scale therefore a new means of acquiring ear impressions is required. A non-contact digital ear imaging/fabrication device is proposed here which would reduce DoD disability payments by a projected $190 Million per year.

ADAPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 2020 Kraft Drive Suite 3040 Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 951-1284 Ean Schiller NAVY 08-153 Awarded: 9/23/2008
Title:	Digital Method for Improved Custom Hearing Protection Equipment
Abstract:	Custom fitting hearing protection ear plugs have been shown to provide substantial benefits for personnel working in high noise environments such as around military aircraft and in a range of other war fighter and civilian industrial scenarios. Current manufacturing processes for shaping custom ear plugs require that physical impressions be taken of customers ear canals. Since this involves injecting silicone material directly into the ear, physical impression taking can be uncomfortable for the customer and yield results which will vary with the skill and technique of the practitioner. The focus of this Phase I program is to develop new means, based on Computed Tomography (CT) imaging technology, for capturing ear anatomy information without the need for physical impressions. Eliminating the physical impression will also eliminate the associated discomfort and variability and lead to more satisfied customers getting more reliable hearing protection. This Phase I program will further demonstrate initial feasibility of completing a custom earplug manufacturing process using only digital data, starting from a non-invasive CT scan through production to a finished hearing protector product. A report describing the approach and initial demonstration of the new capabilities will be provided at the conclusion of this work.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Jerry Bieszczad NAVY 08-153 Awarded: 9/9/2008
Title:	Automated System for Digital Measurements of Ear Canal Geometry
Abstract:	The widespread incidence of hearing loss in veterans throughout the Armed Forces, coupled with the lack of compliance with earplug usage guidelines for active personnel, necessitates a new approach to hearing protection. When properly fitted and worn, custom earplugs have the potential to provide consistent, reliable hearing protection. Creare proposes to develop a new technological approach that will improve the fit while reducing the logistics burden associated with custom earplugs, and so facilitate the widespread deployment of these earplugs in the Navy. This work will include the development of new techniques for accurately measuring individual ear anatomy; balancing trade-offs between hearing protection and individual comfort levels; creation of a digital database of ear canal geometries to be used to evaluate variation in anatomic shape and its impact on earplug design and effectiveness; and the ability to digitally transmit, archive and retrieve anatomic data. In addition, we will develop methods to quantify changes in aural anatomy that occur over time.

GENESIS RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, INC. P.O. Box 621237 Oviedo, FL 32762
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 339-4002 Russell L. Case Jr. NAVY 08-153 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Digital Method for Improved Custom Hearing Protection Equipment
Abstract:	The purpose of this project is to determine the feasibility of developing a portable Magnetic Resonance Imaging device to be used for the calculation of ear canal geometry. This device will significantly enhance the ability to capture ear canal geometry in a manner that allows rapid manufacturing of hearing protection devices that are custom fitted, increasing the likelihood of use by deployed Navy personnel. Additionally, the portable MRI device will allow the user to manipulate and manage captured data for archival, adjustment, and statistical study. The portable MRI device will also provide significant improvements to hearing aid manufacturers by reducing the time to manufacture hearing aids, allowing custom adjustments prior to costly fabrication processes, management of patient data without the logistics associated with mold model storage and filing, as well as statistical monitoring of patient physiology.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Photonic Systems Divison 20600 Gramercy Pl, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Paul Shnitser NAVY 08-153 Awarded: 9/3/2008
Title:	Digital Ear Canal Scanning Technology
Abstract:	To address the Navy need for a more accurate and robust digital technology for the measurement of ear canal geometry and improvement of the fit and noise attenuation of individual earplugs for flight deck teams, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Digital Ear Canal Scanning Technology (DECST). This non-contact, not ionizing technology is based on en-face Optical Coherent Tomography. The innovations in optical design and image processing algorithms will enable measuring ear canal geometry in less than three minutes with an accuracy better than 0.01 mm, and mapping the underlying tissues. This digital technology will allow improved computer earplug design, easy data dissemination and archiving, and onsite earplug fabrication using already developed digital stereo-lithography. It will greatly reduce the logistic burden associated with equipment maintenance for crew noise protection. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the DECST feasibility by the design, assembly, and demonstration of operation of the experimental prototype. In Phase II, POC plans to develop an engineering prototype and obtain protocol approval for testing the prototype operation on humans.

RED TAIL HAWK CORP. P.O. Box 7010 Ithaca, NY 14851
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(607) 269-0702 John W. Parkins NAVY 08-153 Awarded: 9/9/2008
Title:	Digital Method for Improved Custom Hearing Protection Equipment
Abstract:	Red Tail Hawk Corp. is partnering with Predictec, Inc. in researching a new method for taking impressions of the ear canal and concha. The impressions will be used to fabricate custom-molded earplugs (passive and communications) that provide the highest attenuation performance while maintaining comfort. A database system for disseminating the impression digital data will also be researched. The result of the Phase I effort will be a system for making digital impressions that has been tested and compared to traditional methods.

COMPOSITE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT, INC. 2600 Campus Drive, Suite D Lafayette, CO 80026
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 664-0394 Dash Weeks NAVY 08-154 Awarded: 9/2/2008
Title:	A Novel Test Method for Measuring Interlaminar Tensile Strength of Ceramic Matrix Composites at High Temperature
Abstract:	The use of ceramic matrix composite (CMC) materials in aero-engine hot-section components has grown substantially over recent decades. Attributes that make these materials attractive to aero-engine designers include their lower specific weight, higher creep resistance, higher thermoshock resistance and higher specific strength over a large temperature range in comparison to superalloys and greater damage tolerance in comparison to monolithic ceramics. However, there remains a great deal of uncertainty regarding the strength properties of CMCs at high temperatures due in large part to a lack of standardized test protocols applicable to high temperatures. In particular, there exists no test method that enables accurate measurements of the interlaminar tesnsile strength of CMC material at high temperatures. To address this shortcoming, Composite Technology Development (CTD) proposes the development of a novel test protocol that enables accurate and reliable measurement of interlaminar tensile strength of CMC material at temperatures up to 2300oF. The proposed test protocol will utilize a non- contact heating method that enables quick and efficient heating up to the target temperature of 2300oF. The proposed test protocol will also allow for test samples to be prepared from existing stock of thin-gage, aero-section-hot-component-relevant CMC material thereby making custom test sample manufacture unnecessary.

HYPER-THERM HIGH-TEMPERATURE COMPOSITES, INC. 18411 Gothard Street Unit B Huntington Beach, CA 92648
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 375-4085 Tony Magaldi NAVY 08-154 Awarded: 9/22/2008
Title:	Innovative Approaches for Evaluating Interlaminar Tensile Strength of Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs) at Elevated Temperatures
Abstract:	Hot structures fabricated from CMCs are an attractive design option for specialized components of future military aerospace vehicles and propulsion systems to reduce weight and increase survivability. However, thermal-structural components fabricated from CMCs suffer from inadequate interlaminar strength, thereby increasing their vulnerability to delamination when subjected to high through-thickness thermal gradients, acoustic/high cycle fatigue, impact damage, and/or applied normal loads. Although there are Industry standards for Interlaminar Shear strength testing, no such consensus exists for Interlaminar Tension [ILT] strength testing � particularly at elevated temperatures. Better test methods are needed to characterize the interlaminar strength of CMCs to facilitate the design of efficient structures, reduce the risk of premature hardware failures, and support production Quality Assurance. Hyper-Therm HTC is proposing an innovative approach for measuring the elevated temperature ILT strength of CMCs. The test configuration directly applies an interlaminar tension force to the midplane of the laminate thereby creating a clean, ILT stress state in the specimen that does not require knowledge of the interlaminar properties in order to calculate the failure stress. Specimens can be fabricated inexpensively from flat plate stock, and because the test method does not require adhesive bonding, it can be used at temperatures up to 4000�F.

MATECH ADVANCED MATERIALS 31304 Via Colinas, Suite 102 Westlake Village, CA 91362
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 991-8500 HeeMann Yun NAVY 08-154 Awarded: 8/28/2008
Title:	High-temperature CMC Processing for Ceramic-to-Ceramic Joining and for Interlaminar Strength Evaluation
Abstract:	There is a strong need to develop and demonstrate inter-laminar tension test methods for CMC at high temperatures in NAVY JSF Program for aero-engine components. MATECH GSM (MG) proposes to address this need by employing a variety of innovative low-cost pre-ceramic polymer-derived high temperature CMC adhesives between CMC test coupons and push rods. MG�s high-temperature CMC adhesives are designed to facilitate ceramic-to-ceramic joining for the purpose of evaluating high temperature interlaminar strengths. Traditionally, joining adhesives are mainly developed for bonding two dissimilar materials; hence its structural performances, particularly off-axis behaviors accompanied by a necessity of non-brittle failure are mostly neglected. The CMC adhesives proposed here is a ceramic matrix composite that demonstrates graceful failure but is stronger than that of the test-coupons. Due to the two already existing given materials of the test- coupon and fixture, the newly added third material must be as physically close as possible to the other two materials from the beginning. The PIP CMC processing is only one densification method among several ceramic matrix formation routes that meet this first requirement. It is low-cost, a variety of active/non-active fillers can easily be added, and it is capable of forming shapes at low temperatures.

THOR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 3013 Aztec Road NE Albuquerque, NM 87107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 830-6986 Larry J. Kepley NAVY 08-154 Awarded: 9/2/2008
Title:	Interlaminar Tensile Strength Testing of CMCs at High Temperatures Enabled by Oxidation Resistant Ceramic Cement Derived from ZrB2-SiC Precursor
Abstract:	Continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are desired for aerospace applications due to the strength and toughness imparted by incorporation of embedded long fibers of carbon or silicon carbide into a ceramic matrix. Oxidative degradation at high temperature is the predominant factor limiting the use of CMCs in jet engine applications. The components can swell when heated in air, which suggests poor interlaminar tensile (ILT) strength. A method for measurement of ILT strength of CMCs at the high temperatures to which they are exposed (2300 �F) is highly desired by engine developers and the composites R&D community, but extension of the testing standard is not possible without development of an ultrahigh temperature adhesive. This program will utilize a new high-yield ZrB2 ceramic derived from polymer precursor to demonstrate the feasibility of using a ceramic cement to enable ILT strength testing at high temperature in air. Thor Technologies has teamed with the Materials Engineering Group of Southern Research Institute and a provider of SiC test fixtures to plan and execute the following proposed effort, which will combine the new precursor with appropriate additives for surface fluxing, to achieve reactive bonding of the cement to the CMC surface.

APPLIED SCIENCE INNOVATIONS, INC. 185 Jordan Road Troy, NY 12180
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 833-6897 Mikhail Gutin NAVY 08-155 Awarded: 9/29/2008
Title:	Real-time Spectral Band Optimization for Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) Hyperspectral Camera
Abstract:	To meet the need of the Navy in a hyperspectral imaging system with an automated analysis algorithm for optimum detection of specified target features, Applied Science Innovations, Inc. proposes development of the Coded-Aperture Hyperspectral Imager with Real-time Spectral Band Optimization (CAHIRSO). Communication channels of small tactical unmanned aerial systems (UAS) fall short of the bandwidth requirement of existing hyperspectral imaging systems. Communication hardware with adequate bandwidth exceeds the volume and weight allowance of such UAS. The patent-pending CAHIRSO hyperspectral camera with image formation and spectral selectivity will automatically control the type and amount of data to be transferred to the ground, in near real-time. The complete imaging system will be contained in a 4.75 inch diameter by 12 inch in length cylinder or smaller package. The spectrum coverage will be from 350 nm to 1.7 micron, with automatic gain control, manual gain control (addressable), selectable bandwidth, feature extraction, and low power. Phase I will establish feasibility of the CAHIRSO concept. In Phase II, a functional pre-production CAHIRSO prototype will be developed, demonstrated, and delivered to the Navy for evaluation and use, ready for UAS installation. In Phase III, CAHIRSO design will be further developed for integration on board UAS.

DSPCON 380 Foothill Road Bridgewater, NJ 08807
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(908) 722-5656 Mitchell Wlodawski NAVY 08-155 Awarded: 9/29/2008
Title:	Real-time Spectral Band Optimization for Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) Hyperspectral Camera
Abstract:	This effort develops a design for an integrated near real-time solution capable of determining optimal multi-spectral bands for target detection, storing complete mission data, and parsing resultant data and metadata for transmission of hyperspectral imaging results. This design, referred to as the �Optimized Hyperspectral Camera System� (OHCS), will leverage DSPCon�s new BFX architecture minimizing Size, Weight, and Power (SWAP), with Sarnoff�s world-class, innovative spectral analysis algorithms that can distinguish targets from clutter, even with minimal a priori target information and no a priori clutter information. OHCS will provide an unprecedented combination of performance and minimal SWAP to accommodate demanding Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) constraints. The design resulting from this SBIR will have a combination of performance + "Size, Weight, and Power" (SWAP) which is unachievable using any other standard available in the world today. DSPCon will create the OHCS hardware design with a company-developed architecture standard, called BFX, that is geared toward rapidly implementing systems involving any combination of data acquisition, processing and archiving functions in small form factor, light weight packages. The standard is based on high performance, modular (plug and play), small footprint, rugged, air-cooled or conduction-cooled, function-specific boards that communicate over a high speed serial I/O fabric. This approach enables the design to meet the needs of environments where minimizing SWAP is critical, as is allowing easy upgrades and expansion of system capacity with a plug-and-play structure.

OPTO-KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS, INC. 19805 Hamilton Ave Torrance, CA 90502
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 756-0520 Nahum Gat NAVY 08-155 Awarded: 10/9/2008
Title:	HYPERVISION - Tactical ISR System for Small UAVs
Abstract:	OKSI will implement a single board computer based on a multi-core processor, capable of real-time digital signal processing within the power and size constraints of a UAV the size of the Silver Fox. OKSI's existing hyperspectral band selection algorithm will be ported to this environment. The system will be able to run optimal band selection and anomaly detection algorithms in real time. Digital bands will be transmitted to the ground using a digital transceiver to produce a continuous waterfall display on the ground station. The image will be rendered in near true color and will have the ability to highlight suspected threats. A complete system architecture of the payload will be developed, including a VNIR and a SWIR micro-hyperspectral sensor, the processing component, and the transceiver, all within the constraints of the UAV platform.

XIOMAS TECHNOLOGIES 1317 Skyway Drive Ypsilanti, MI 48197
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 646-6535 John Green NAVY 08-155 Awarded: 10/1/2008
Title:	Real-time Spectral Band Optimization for Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) Hyperspectral Camera
Abstract:	A low power, lightweight hyperspectral imaging system with automated image analysis and data optimization for real time target detection and compression of the hyperspectral data is proposed. The system is designed to fit within the size, weight, and power envelope of a small UAS, is robust and includes several onboard real time target detection and data optimization algorithms. The system uses an efficient combination of DSP/FPGA, low power ARM processors, solid state disk arrays, and proven hyperspectral band reduction software. The hyperspectral imager is a compact, low- weight asymmetric anamorphic imaging spectrometer covering the UV through SWIR spectral regions The proposed system will optimize the hyperspectral data set so that critical information can be transmitted in near real time across the existing data link (which currently handles 30 frames/sec video). The complete imaging system will be contained in a 4.75 inch diameter by 12 inch in length cylinder or smaller package, and is comprised of the hyperspectral camera, processing engine, and mass storage device.

MMICMAN, LLC 826 N. Red Robin St. Orange, CA 92869
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 980-3039 Rick Sturdivant NAVY 08-156 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	W-Band Power Amplifier Based on Wide Bandgap Technology
Abstract:	Battlefield requirements for radar which can see through clouds, fog and smoke can be effectively met by using W-band systems. These systems require high power amplifiers to create the high level RF signal which is transmitted at the target. Current solutions rely on gallium arsenide (GaAs) or indium phosphide (InP) for the high power amplifier (HPA). This is due to the high transition frequency (Ft) of these materials. However, the power density of these materials require the use large device sizes to achieve a desired output power. This results in less efficient HPAs. As a result, these devices do not meet future requirements. Millimeter-wave active antenna arrays and radar transmitters offer superior performance when compared to lower frequency radars such as X-Band The goal of this program is to prove the feasibility of a 94GHz GaN based high power amplifier. Program Technical Goals: � Achieve 4-5 Watts/mm device level power density. � Demonstrate 25% device power added efficiency. � HPA with 5 Watts output power. � HPA with 25dB gain. � HPA with at least 15% PAE. MMICMAN will leverage existing production of S, X and Ka-Band GaN-based MMIC HPAs to achieve this goal.

QUINSTAR TECHNOLOGY, INC. 24085 Garnier Street Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-1111 James Schellenberg NAVY 08-156 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	W-Band Power Amplifier Based on Wide Bandgap Technology
Abstract:	Millimeter-wave radars, operating in W-band centered at the 94 GHz low atmospheric attenuation window, provide advantages of high resolution with small antenna, penetration through fog, clouds, smoke, and dust. This program is aimed at the development of state-of-the-art high power solid-state power amplifiers for use in W- band active antenna arrays and radar transmitters. QuinStar Technology teamed with HRL proposes to develop an SSPA capable of >5W output with >25 dB gain, >15% power added efficiency by utilizing GaN MMIC technology. In Phase I, starting with the W-band MMIC cell device which HRL has demonstrated 2W/mm output power capability, we will investigate the feasibility of achieving >4W/mm power density by optimizing material and device parameters by means of simulation analysis. We will then develop a preliminary MMIC design by combining cells on chip to achieve 1.5W per MMIC chip with reasonable process yield. To achieve >5W output power, we propose to develop an amplifier design with high efficiency (low loss) 4-way combiner, which QuinStar has recently demonstrated <0.2 dB combining loss. The proposed Phase I effort will lead to the development and demonstration of >5W amplifiers in phase II that will enable W-band active array and radar transmitter development.

JXT APPLICATIONS, INC. 2673 Commons Blvd, Suite 25 Beavercreek, OH 45431
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 306-5003 Robert Shaw NAVY 08-157 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Helmet Mounted Display (HMD) Symbology for Rotocraft Degraded Visual Environments
Abstract:	�Brownout� is a dangerous phenomenon in which a rotorcraft�s downwash creates its own degraded visual environment (DVE) by throwing dust, sand, and other loose debris into the air around the aircraft, severely limiting or obscuring the pilots� view of the landing environment. During a recent fiscal year, the U.S. Army determined that 75% of aviation Class A mishaps in Operation Iraqi Freedom were attributed to this phenomenon. The objective of this research effort is to determine the feasibility of integrating symbology into a helmet-mounted display (HMD) to aid rotorcraft pilots in day/night brownout/DVE conditions, and identify the steps needed to develop this technology for aviation applications. The feasibility of such an approach depends on the development of effective, intuitive HMD symbology that provides the pilot with the data required to facilitate rotorcraft landing operations. One of the challenges of this development will be determining and mitigating the effects of the expected wide variations in day/night brownout/DVE background condition against which the HMD symbology will be viewed. HMD display symbology for this application must provide high contrast against the background, with low intensity and eye strain, particularly with night vision devices.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Electro-Optics Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Jason Holmstedt NAVY 08-157 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Holographic Brownout Condition Adaptive Symbology System for Day/Night HMDs
Abstract:	To address the Navy need for an integrated day/night helmet-mounted display (HMD) system that delivers symbology during brownout conditions, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Holographic Brownout Condition Adaptive Symbology (HOBCAS) system for day/night HMDs. This proposed system is based on a unique combination of narrow-band 3-color (RGB) high see-through holographic optics, OLED microdisplays, and symbology imagery display. The innovations in HOBCAS will enable the system to adapt to ambient conditions and allow for a quick clip-on to HMD and night vision goggles (NVGs) with independently controllable symbology imagery and functionality using existing helmet mounts. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of HOBCAS system by designing a breadboard prototype that illustrates see-through, holographic beam combination, and symbol rendering capabilities. HOBCAS system meets the needs of the Navy by providing high-resolution (>800x600) symbology with high luminance (>400 cd/m^2) and color capability. POC will also develop a mechanical means for a clip-on solution to switching from day to night HMDs. In Phase II, POC plans to develop a mature prototype that will allow a pilot to test the system's capabilities and evaluate the symbology.

NDI ENGINEERING CO. 100 Grove Road P.O. Box 518 Thorofare, NJ 08086
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(856) 848-0033 William Buonaccorsi NAVY 08-158 Awarded: 11/19/2008
Title:	Affordable, Lightweight, Universal, Linear Motion
Abstract:	Develop an affordable, lightweight, low volume,power dense, linear motion system that can be universally applied to service a variety of shipboard operations that require a broad range of force and stroke.

POLARIX CORP. 4455 Rosecliff Place San Diego, CA 92130
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 901-5340 Oved Zucker NAVY 08-158 Awarded: 11/19/2008
Title:	Affordable, Lightweight, Universal, Linear Motion
Abstract:	We propose a ship deck integrated EM linear motion system using advanced linear motor technology for two dimensional motion that is immune to power loss and heavy seas. The system is extremely lightweight, modular with graceful degradation in case of local damage. It does not use wheels, rails, or magnetic levitation.

NLIGHT PHOTONICS 5408 NE 88th Street, Bldg E Vancouver, WA 98665
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 706-0315 Bill Willson NAVY 08-159 Awarded: 9/29/2008
Title:	Eyesafer Fiber Laser Technology for Shipboard Defense
Abstract:	Power scaling of Er (Yb Free) fiber lasers is discussed. A 50W CW fiber laser at 1600nm is constructed with electronic pulsing of the seed source, using a MOPA configuration. A kW 1600nm single-mode fiber laser will be designed. A beam combining method to reach 100kW will be designed, for use in directed energy shipboard defense applications.

NP PHOTONICS, INC. UA Science and Technology Park 9030 S. Rita Road, Suite #120 Tucson, AZ 85747
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 799-7498 Jianfeng Wu NAVY 08-159 Awarded: 9/29/2008
Title:	Eyesafer Fiber Laser Technology for Shipboard Defense
Abstract:	This proposal is for the development of a new all fiber single mode Tm3+-doped two micron fiber laser with output power of 5 Kilowatts. This new fiber laser is retina safe, reducing the possibility of eye damage to the operators due to scattering and reflections. The laser wavelength is located in one of atmospheric transmission windows as well. This type of fiber laser can be used in the Navy�s directed energy system for active defense. The lasers can provide an effective �Sea shield� against adversary ballistic or cruise missile attacks, and enable safer operation in the littoral environment. Research will be conducted to study the ultimate limit of continuous wave power for single-fiber, diffraction-limited eyesafe sources. Large core fibers with high order mode suppression will be designed and fabricated for both laser and amplifier fibers. Glass with optimized Tm2O3 doping concentration will be chosen to generate highly efficient laser output. A Master Oscillator Power Amplifier (MOPA) system will be designed to generate 5 KW two micron laser with wavelength control. Spectrum combining can be used for further power scaling up to 10s of KW level.

Q PEAK, INC. 135 South Road Bedford, MA 01730
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 275-9535 Peter Moulton NAVY 08-159 Awarded: 9/29/2008
Title:	Eyesafer Fiber Laser Technology for Shipboard Defense
Abstract:	Q-Peak has recently developed �eyesafer� high-power, efficient, thulium (Tm)-doped, 2050-nm-wavelength silica fiber (Tm:fiber) lasers that have the potential to scale up to the power levels needed for shipboard defense. The longer wavelength cannot pass through to the retina and hence presents a greatly reduced eye hazard. Requirements for laser beam quality depend on the nature of the threat, but the most challenging threats demand near-diffraction-limited beams. In the work proposed here, we will investigate the fundamental limits to power, with diffraction-limited beam quality, from a single Tm:fiber laser. This will determine the system design architecture for high-power directed-energy systems, particularly how many individual fiber lasers are needed for coherent beam- combined systems.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Electro-Optics Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Alexander Parfenov NAVY 08-160 Awarded: 9/8/2008
Title:	Micro-optics Lens Array-Based Eyepiece and Objective Lens
Abstract:	In response to Navy Naval Special Warfare Visual Augmentation Systems (VAS) Program needs for developing and prototyping microlens array (MLA) optical components such as eyepiece lenses with wide field of view to be used in Night Vision Goggles (NVGs), Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Micro Optics Lens Array- based eyepiece and objective lens (MOLA) for NVG with increased field of view (>40 deg) based on a unique combination of coaxially and concentrically arranged MLA to achieve compact form factor and with the eye box size of up to 40 mm. In addition, POC's innovative MLA self-aligned assembly technique by molding, requiring high-precision alignment of these components, can be easily achieved. In Phase I, POC will develop a design of MOLA and prove the feasibility of the proposed approach by demonstrating prototypes of an optical component using commercial-off-the-shelf MLA technology and analyses of performance in comparison to conventional bulk optics for NVGs. In Phase II, POC will finalize the design, development, and evaluation of MOLA prototypes for a traditional NVG device and develop and evaluate a MOLA eyepiece components for a wide horizontal field of view (>80 deg) NVG.

SPECTRAL IMAGING LABORATORY 1785 Locust St. #10 Pasadena, CA 91106
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 578-0626 Francis Reininger NAVY 08-160 Awarded: 9/8/2008
Title:	Wide Angle Lens Array Night Vision Optics
Abstract:	The Naval Special Warfare Visual Augmentation Systems program has an interest in developing an 80 degree field of view (FOV) aviator night vision system (ANVIS) to more closely match the panoramic viewing capability of the unaided human eye. Standard ANVIS and night vision goggles, which are based on conventional optics, have only a 40� degree FOV. Increasing the FOV using conventional optical techniques would result in large, heavy systems that can cause neck strain in pilots. The Spectral Imaging Laboratory (SPILAB) proposes the development of curved lens array optics as a means of increasing the FOV while decreasing size, weight, and cost. The new lens array optics would have the additional advantage of an infinite depth of field. This could benefit pilots by enabling them to read nearby instrument panels through the optical system without the need to adjust focus when viewing outside the cockpit window.

KENT OPTRONICS, INC. 40 Corporate Park Drive Hopewell Junction, NY 12533
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(845) 897-0138 Haiping Yu NAVY 08-161 Awarded: 9/8/2008
Title:	Wide FOV Foveal Night Vision System
Abstract:	In this SBIR proposal, Kent Optronics, Inc. (KOI) proposes to develop a novel foveal night vision system (F-NVS) with wide field-of-view (FOV) for military activities in night and/or low-light-level environments. The critical element is the wide FOV objective subsystem with a passive wavefront compensator for achromatic and polarization insensitive wavefront compensation. The passive wavefront compensator is made special solid- state polymer material in multilayered film format with unique spatial patterns. The resulted F-NVS is compact, lightweight and low cost. Our preliminary design results via model simulation have proven that the F-NVS possesses the foveated imaging feature with the wide FOV to 90o (�45o) and the high resolution >1.6 cycles/mrad. In Phase I, the objective and eyepiece subsystems will be designed. The concept of the foveal NVS will be demonstrated from a demo device through more detailed simulation on the system and the design of the passive wavefront compensator that is included in the system. The Phase I Option will start to develop such a wavefront compensator for the breadboard level demonstration of the F-NVS. Phase II and Phase III will develop and test the prototype of the wide FOV foveal NVS, followed by the product commercialization.

SA PHOTONICS 650 5th Street Suite 505 San Francisco, CA 94107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 348-4426 Michael Browne NAVY 08-161 Awarded: 9/8/2008
Title:	Foveal Imaging Night Vision System
Abstract:	Warfighters operating in a night environment are always in search of more situation awareness. For decades, this situation awareness (SA) has been provided at night via monocular (PVS/7 or PVS/14) night vision goggles or binocular (ANVIS) goggles. Although these systems have served our soldiers well with their 40 degree fields of view, warfighters always ask for more field of view for better situation awareness. A number of systems have been fielded which have larger fields of view, but they all require multiple image intensifier tubes and none of these systems are slated for production. SA Photonics has developed the preliminary design for a 80 degree foveated night vision system. By developing a foveated design, one which rolls off resolution and luminance from the center of the field of view to the edge, we ensure that the system will meet the required needs of the warfighter in a package which is neither too heavy nor too large. We feel that the combination of our very promising design, coupled with our expert consultants and our extremely strong record of commercialization will allow NSWC-Crane to field a wide field of view night vision system with tremendous advantages.

ADVANCED ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC. 27 Industrial Boulevard, Unit E Medford, NY 11763
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(631) 345-6264 Thomas J. Schultheiss NAVY 08-162 Awarded: 9/8/2008
Title:	High-Quantum-Efficiency Photocathode Development
Abstract:	High Quantum effiency photocathodes with long life can provide revolutionary advances in several militarily significant areas. Diamond amplifiers can provide the required efficiency, however, these amplifiers are in invancy stage of engineering and manufacturing. The goal of this SBIR is to demonstrate high efficiency photocathodes by use of diamond amplification producing > 100 gain in current with repeatable and cost effective fabrication techniques.

SAXET SURFACE SCIENCE 3913 Todd Lane Suite 303 Austin, TX 78744
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 462-3444 Gregory A. Mulhollan NAVY 08-162 Awarded: 9/8/2008
Title:	Affordable High Yield Photocathodes for FEL Injectors
Abstract:	For FEL based systems to become practical as weapons, it is necessary photoinjectors be used to generate the low emittance, high current, high peak charge electrons needed for photon production. Higher overall system reliability can be achieved if the photoemitter operates in the visible wavelength range. Photocathodes are consumables in the operation of an FEL injector gun and are required to be made as reliable, inexpensive and simple to use as possible. Amorphous silicon germanium shows great promise as a negative electron affinity visible wavelength photocathode suitable for FEL gun systems. Advantages of amorphous silicon germanium include a high degree of immunity to charged particle flux, low thermal emittance, bandgap tunability and low production cost. Amorphous silicon germanium can be readily grown on a variety of substrates including those transparent at its bandgap enabling transmission mode as well as reflection mode photocathodes to be fabricated.

SURFACE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1954 Halethorpe Farms Road Suite 600 Halethorpe, MD 21227
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 242-0530 Timothy J. Langan NAVY 08-163 Awarded: 9/9/2008
Title:	Improved Extrusion and Milling Techniques
Abstract:	In Command and Control spaces on U.S. Navy ships technology upgrades occur every six to eighteen months. During both initial ship construction and operation the U.S. Navy is faced with ever increasing costs to maintain current technology at the warfigther�s finger tips. The FlexTech Modular Track system has been developed to enable modularity and open architecture in ship construction, which creates reconfigurable work spaces aboard ships. The goal of this project is to optimize the manufacturing processes used to fabricate the complex aluminum alloy track used in the FlexTech system. Surface Treatment Technologies will focus on improving tolerances of finished beams which will decrease costs associated with installation of the FlexTech system.

THIRD WAVE SYSTEMS, INC. 7900 West 78th St. Suite 300 Minneapolis, MN 55439
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 832-5515 Cory Arthur NAVY 08-163 Awarded: 9/9/2008
Title:	Improved Extrusion and Milling Techniques
Abstract:	The overall goal of our Phase I project is to demonstrate the feasibility of innovative high performance machining (HPM) enabled by physics-based modeling the Navy needs to manufacture FlexTech in a mass produced, affordable, high tolerance manner. The anticipated benefits of the program are the application of HPM to aluminum machining and minimized part distortion through the managing of residual stresses resulting in reduced labor costs, cycle time and the creation of large, high tolerance parts. We will demonstrate both our innovative, scalable HPM process utilizing proprietary thermal management techniques in combination with machining modeling and our minimized part distortion method on a representative FlexTech component. Working with suppliers and manufacturers, we will identify the needs and requirements for a Phase II effort.

ACCEL-RF CORP. 11870 Community Road Poway, CA 92064
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 332-0707 Roland Shaw NAVY 08-164 Awarded: 9/10/2008
Title:	Innovative Pulsing Technique to estimate junction temperature in Wide-bandgap devices
Abstract:	A simple and reliable method to estimate the channel temperature of GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMT) is proposed. The technique is based on electrical measurements of performance related figures of merit (IDmax and RON) with a synchronized pulsed I-V setup. As our technique involves only electrical measurement, no special design in device geometry is required and packaged devices can be measured.

IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 200 Canal View Blvd Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 424-1990 Patrick Kalgren NAVY 08-164 Awarded: 9/10/2008
Title:	Innovative Wide Bandgap Accelerated Life Test and Reliability Prediction
Abstract:	ADD

AZURE SUMMIT TECHNOLOGY, INC. 12587 Fair Lakes Circle #342 Fairfax, VA 22033
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 272-1319 Mark Sullivan NAVY 08-165 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Processing Signals In High Density Electromagnetic Environments
Abstract:	Legacy approaches to Radar Threat Warning such as SLQ-32 are being completely replaced through modernization programs such as SEWIP Block 2, which will likely replace IFM technology with a channelized receiver approach. In doing this, the benefits of COTS hardware modules can be leveraged, along with the associated Modular Open Systems Architecture (MOSA) concepts. However, the COTS RF receiver modules at the front end and subsequent A/D converters become the vulnerable point in the system, and are susceptible to being saturated by other onboard RF transmissions. In this effort, Azure will develop and validate advanced cancellation algorithms that will extend the usable dynamic range of the receiver front ends, preserving weak threat signals in the presence of powerful onboard interference.

RESEARCH ASSOC. OF SYRACUSE 6780 Northern Blvd Ste 100 East Syracuse, NY 13057
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(315) 339-4800 Skip Mansur NAVY 08-165 Awarded: 9/12/2008
Title:	Processing Signals In High Density Electromagnetic Environments
Abstract:	Signal detection and measurement of signals of interest in the presence of high power in- band emissions from own-ship emitters using a multi-pronged system approach is proposed versus using one single technique. Due to the large signal levels of on-board emitters and resulting large dynamic range under which low-level signals must be detected while maintaining spectral coverage, RAS proposes a suite of techniques starting with the Electronic Support system front-end to mitigate RF component saturation through the customized signal detection and processing paths. Adaptive signal suppression is incorporated with RF selectable filtering, attenuation, and/or limiting. Signal processing techniques include time-frequency excision of large signals, pulse interference detection and characterization and ICA. Existing RAS FPGA designs and expertise for real-time parameter measurements, advanced techniques for characterizing intentional modulation on pulse, precision parameter measurement, Fourier transforms, and Wigner-Ville / Hough processing will be leveraged. Automatic resource management and knowledge and use of own-ship radar transmission parameters and timing will be included based on SEWIP Block 2 architectures. Requirements and the system architecture will be developed and algorithms characterized using a MATLABTM model. The hardware feasibility study will establish a baseline for Phase II development in open architecture COTS hardware.

Aptima, Inc. 12 Gill Street Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(202) 552-6126 Rebecca Grier NAVY 08-166 Awarded: 2/26/2009
Title:	LUCID: Limiting Uncertainty in Command Information Displays
Abstract:	Modern military systems employ a variety of models to realistically represent warfighting capabilities and the environment in which these capabilities operate. However, these models rarely represent the uncertainty inherent in real-world domains. Further, the systems rarely visualize uncertainty in decision-makers� command displays. This proposal outlines a research and development program to identify and remedy deficiencies in the portrayal of uncertainty in military decision support systems. Aptima working with its partner, Lockheed Martin, will modify and expand Aptima�s MUSE (Modeling Uncertainty in Shifting Environments) model for Aegis command displays and design visualization techniques for representing individual information reliability and the aggregate uncertainty to the decision maker in an intuitive manner. Further we will conduct assessments of the model and the visualization techniques. LUCID (Limiting Uncertainty in Command Information Displays) will provide the commander of Navy ships greater situational awareness for making decisions.

Sonalysts, Inc. 215 Parkway North P.O. Box 280 Waterford, CT 06385
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 326-3844 H. Banta NAVY 08-166 Awarded: 2/26/2009
Title:	Tools to Support Understanding of Information Uncertainty in Combat Operations
Abstract:	Sonalysts proposes to investigate the field of research associated with uncertainty visualization and utilize this information in conjunction with human systems integration (HSI) design principles and subject matter expertise (SME) to design innovative uncertainty visualization approaches and methods for validating overall approach effectiveness. One of the biggest challenges for today�s war-fighter is the task of making important tactical decisions under stressful conditions based on a potentially large volume of information that has varying levels of uncertainty. In order to accurately interpret uncertain data from various sources effectively, it is important that the decision maker has an adequate understanding of the level of uncertainty associated with any particular data. This requires the employment of a visualization approach that conveys uncertainty in a way that allows the decision maker to associate the appropriate level of confidence in any given data. Sonalysts proposes to leverage its extensive experience with HSI to develop innovative uncertainty visualizations along with metrics and usability tests to quantify the overall effectiveness of new and existing uncertainty visualization strategies. The ability to effectively convey the level of uncertainty associated with tactical data increases the war-fighter�s ability to correctly make critical tactical decisions that achieve mission objectives and saves lives.

AGILTRON CORP. 15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Guanghai Jin NAVY 08-167 Awarded: 9/15/2008
Title:	WDM Based True Time Delay Array for Advanced RF Beamforming
Abstract:	An innovative concept for a scalable true time delay (TTD) array for digital beamforming is proposed. The concept is photonics and fiber optic wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) based and will support transmit/receive applications over the 1 to 20 GHz, extendable up to V bands. The design provides a digitally controlled true time delay array for beamforming effectively adaptive to Navy phased array radars and RF communications in any portion of RF spectral coverage. The Phase I approach will develop the photonic WDM true time delay array and demonstrate the key characteristics followed by a Phase II Program that will optimize the design and demonstrate full functioning 2x4 or 4x4 array of TTD for beamforming. Agiltron is working closely with BAE Systems on this unconventional approach leveraging our recent breakthroughs in manufacturing high performance fiber delay lines and fiber optic WDM technologies. The proposed approach overcomes the deficiencies associated with electronic beam forming components, offering frequency independent performance by controlling the phase and amplitude in a small, lightweight package with minimal power consumption. Our approach provides unprecedented performance in terms of scalability to large array, wide dynamic range, and fast dynamic reconfigurability.

EOSPACE, INC. 8711 148th Ave NE Redmond, WA 98052
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(425) 702-8407 Walt Charczenko NAVY 08-167 Awarded: 9/15/2008
Title:	High Resolution RF-Photonic Beam-Forming Modules for Electronically Scanned Arrays
Abstract:	EOSPACE will study the feasibility of using two different RF-Photonics modules for performing beam-forming operations in Electronically Scanned Array (ESA) systems. The first architecture utilizes unique High-Resolution Hybrid True Time Delay modules. A second complimentary architecture will use an innovative High-Precision Common Phase Control module. Each of these approaches offers greater performance capabilities, while allowing fiber optic distribution networks to offer a 2x reduction in size, weight, cross- section, and power consumption of ESA systems, with much less susceptibility to EMI effects.

METRON, INC. 11911 Freedom Drive Suite 800 Reston, VA 20190
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 437-2451 James Ferry NAVY 08-168 Awarded: 11/20/2008
Title:	Improved Contact Association - MP 63-08
Abstract:	Bayesian Track-to-track association methods have been developed and implemented for the Missile Defense Agency which use both kinematic (position and velocity) and feature information to provide improved track-to-track association. Metron and Adaptive Methods have adapted this technology for use in the USW-DSS to fuse tracks from DFEN and QUIPS based on kinematic information only. The goal of this work is to extend this technology to use features from USW sensors and platforms and thereby provide improved track-to-track association performance in correctly associating tracks from the multiple sources that feed into the common tactical picture.

NUMERICA CORP. 4850 Hahns Peak Drive Suite 200 Loveland, CO 80538
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(970) 461-2422 Benjamin Slocumb NAVY 08-168 Awarded: 11/20/2008
Title:	Improved Contact Association
Abstract:	The US Navy is developing an Undersea Warfare Decision Support System (USW-DSS), the purpose of which is to provide a net-centric capability to support fleet commanders. A significant advantage the architecture will provide is the integration of the C4I domain and the combat systems. Since many different types of sensors will be integrated, a fundamental need is a robust mechanism for the association and fusion the multi-sensor data and for generating a Common Operational Picture (COP). Classical approaches to association only use kinematic data, and feature data, measured by the individual sensors, may be used to augment the kinematic data to assist in the association problem. The objective of this program is to develop a feature/classification-aided track association algorithm that is compatible with the following: (i) the non-commensurate track and feature data that is common for the sensors expected in the USW-DSS architecture; (ii) the requirements for implementing the COP architecture; (iii) the requirements for implementing multi-hypothesis tracking. The solution will be evaluated using an extensive multi-sensor simulation suite, and a variety of metrics will be applied to assess tracking the communication link load performance.

ARKANSAS POWER ELECTRONICS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 535 W. Research Center Blvd., Suite 209 Fayetteville, AR 72701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(479) 443-5759 Roberto Marcelo Schupbach NAVY 08-169 Awarded: 11/20/2008
Title:	High Power Density, High Efficiency, Fast Transient Response Silicon Carbide (SiC)-Based Power Supplies For the Next- Generation of Radars
Abstract:	Advances in radar systems are pushing the limits of present radar power supply technology. To enable new concepts, such as active array radar systems, significant improvements (i.e., power densities >200 W/in3, efficiency > 90%, transient response < 10 �s, etc.) in radar power supply technology is required. To achieve these goals, the volume of present state-of-the-art silicon-based power electronics systems must be cut in half, while maintaining (and in most cases improving) the efficiency of those systems. Such high power density systems will face tremendous thermal challenges since more power per unit of volume under similar efficiency requirements and electronics packaging technology means higher temperature rise. Present high power density Si-based systems are severely limited by the thermal performance of active and passive components as well as electronics packaging technology, and therefore, the achievement of the target radar power supply goals cannot be attained without a revolutionary change in radar power supply technology. This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project seeks to develop highly efficient (>94%) and compact (>250 W/in3) next-generation radar power supplies utilizing the now emerging silicon-carbide (SiC) power devices.

CUSTOM MANUFACTURING & ENGINEERING, INC. 2904 44th Avenue North St. Petersburg, FL 33714
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(727) 547-9799 Xioanan Lu NAVY 08-169 Awarded: 11/20/2008
Title:	RADAR POWER SOURCES AND POWER CONDITIONING
Abstract:	Power supplies for future Navy active phased array radar systems require significantly advanced technologies to provide higher power density, faster transient response, lower output capacitance, and lower cost and noise than present commercial technologies. The technical challenges include thickness reduction to less than 10mm, conversion efficiency greater than 90%, and thermal control at base plate temperature 70�C. Custom Manufacturing & Engineering (CME) proposes to design and develop an isolated DC/DC converter for pulsed current loads of 300V input / 28V output, output power greater than 1kW and power density higher than 200W/in3 with response time and settling time each within 10ms, and overshoot less than 4%. To reach these goals, CME will identify new and innovative research and development approaches by theoretical analysis, computer simulations, and sample testing of currently available commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components that will lead to an effective modified COTS design. CME has a long history and extensive experience in pursuing power supply advance technologies with Navy applications. The company�s design experience includes rugged military power supplies, innovative switching topology, and a digital control loop design that are adaptable for this project.

GROUP4 LABS, LLC 1600 Adams Drive Suite 112 Menlo Park, CA 94025
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 887-6682 FELIX EJECKAM NAVY 08-170 Awarded: 9/15/2008
Title:	Innovative Power Amplifier Gate Thermal Management for Active Radar Systems
Abstract:	This Phase-I SBIR MDA Proposal proposes the use of a new class of diamond-seeded solid-state material system for the manufacture of virtually all heat-generating solid-state electronics in X-band and Ballistic Missile Defense radar components and systems. In this proposal wherein much preliminary (MDA-funded) work has been demonstrated hitherto by the authors, Gallium Nitride-on-SiC power amplifiers in X-band radar are replaced with GaN-on-Diamond power amplifiers to enable nearly total and immediate heat extraction from the device�s active region. This proposal is specifically focused on exfoliating GaN FET epitaxy from SiC (rather than Si), and attaching the GaN FET to a CVD Diamond substrate. Free-standing polycrystalline CVD diamond � nature�s most efficient thermal conductor � enables nearly perfect heat extraction from a �hot� device, owing to the extreme thermal conductivity of diamond (GaAs, Si, and SiC are 35W/m/K, 150W/m/K and 390W/m/K respectively; diamond ranges from 1200-2000 W/m/K depending on quality). In the proposed scheme, 5+ W/mm of output RF power are expected to be measured from the GaN FET-on-Diamond device while operating at half the temperature of GaN-on-SiC devices. The semiconductor-on-diamond technology proposed here may be applied to Si, GaAs, GaN, SiC, SiGe, etc. at up to 8� in wafer diameter.

NITRONEX CORP. 2305 Presidential Drive Durham, NC 27703
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(919) 424-5167 Edwin L. Piner NAVY 08-170 Awarded: 9/15/2008
Title:	GaN on Diamond HEMT for Gate Thermal Management
Abstract:	GaN based HEMTs are capable of achieving high power density at high frequency. Thus, solid-state high power amplifiers based on GaN will be smaller and lighter than incumbent technologies. The use of a silicon substrate for GaN HEMTs provides a reliable GaN device which is also economical. Discrete devices and MMICs based on GaN on Si are ideally suited for applications in high power radar modules for electronically scanned arrays (ESAs). The performance and reliability of GaN HEMTs is closely linked to the operating temperature. For this program, we will further develop a novel GaN on diamond HEMT structure with superior thermal conductivity relative to conventional approaches. In addition to significantly improving the thermal resistance, we will develop a novel process pathway that will be inherently manufacturable and cost effective thus enabling the maximum utilization of GaN technology in various military applications. In Phase I, we will demonstrate key features of the material structure and thermal modeling of the concept device design. In Phase II, we will advance the maturity of the concept through optimization of the process and demonstrating a functional GaN on diamond HEMT device tailored for ESA to evaluate the thermal and electrical performance.

LEWTECH CO., INC. 3201 Stellhorn Road Fort Wayne, IN 46815
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(260) 402-0353 Sara Wagar NAVY 08-171 Awarded: 9/24/2008
Title:	Reliable Acoustic Path Vertical Line Array
Abstract:	The U.S. Navy has researched the use of various acoustic sensing technologies that exploit the deep water reliable acoustic path (RAP) using vertical line arrays (VLA�s) of vector sensors with success. The buoys used were, however, large, over-the�side deployed, research systems to demonstrate the approach. What is desired is a viable approach that is smaller and can be ideally packaged to facilitate ease of handling for Naval crewmen. Phase I will perform analytical modeling studies of the required system and subsystem components to determine the suitability for RAP VLA operation and do some sensor proof-of-concept evaluations to supplement the modeling. The objective is to establish a cost effective, easily deployable, RAP sensor system that can be prototyped and demonstrated in Phase II. Component level technologies to be evaluated include miniature low noise vector sensors, array electronics and telemetry, DC power generation and distribution, and acoustic communications between the array and a surface platform. System level technologies include end-to-end array design, conventional and advanced signal processing techniques suitable for a deep water vector sensor line array, packaging and deployment concepts, and communication modalities.

SIGNAL SYSTEMS CORP. 877 Baltimore Annapolis Blvd Suite 210 Severna Park, MD 21146
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 431-7148 John Murray NAVY 08-171 Awarded: 9/24/2008
Title:	Reliable Acoustic Path Vertical Line Array
Abstract:	An optimized Iridium satellite link configuration enhances the data flow and buoy power consumption.

AURIGA MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS LLC 650 Suffolk Street Suite410 Lowell, MA 01854
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 441-1117 Nick Kingsley NAVY 08-172 Awarded: 9/29/2008
Title:	High-Efficiency Solid-State S&X-Band Radar Power Amplifiers
Abstract:	Inefficiencies in radar transmitters lead to issues with power generation, heat removal, reduced lifetime, and cost of operation. A high power RF amplifier with high efficiency would be very useful in military and commercial applications. Auriga is proposing to investigate two methods for improving the efficiency of S and X-band amplifiers. Gallium Nitride (GaN) devices will be used to satisfy the high power requirement. Its use in high efficiency technologies has been demonstrated by Auriga.

NITRONEX CORP. 2305 Presidential Drive Durham, NC 27703
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(919) 424-5189 Thomas A. Winslow NAVY 08-172 Awarded: 9/29/2008
Title:	High-Efficiency GaN HEMT SSPAs for S-band Radar
Abstract:	S and X-band radars are central to the Air and Missile defense capability of the US ballistic missile defense (BMD) systems. The objective of this Phase I program is to investigate various PA classes of operation and identify approaches with significantly improved efficiency. The strategy proposed in this SBIR Phase I proposal is to combine the benefits of high efficiency switching architectures with the power and bandwidth capability offered by GaN HEMTs. High efficiencies are possible through use of PA classes such as D, E or F that operate the transistor as a switch. Such approaches offer significant promise for high efficiency RF transmitters provided fundamental efforts are expended to overcome the technical challenges in the input and output matching designs posed in such approaches.

BROADATA COMMUNICATIONS, INC. 2545 W. 237th Street, Suite K Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 530-1416 Matheos Kazantzidis NAVY 08-173 Awarded: 11/26/2008
Title:	Wireless Automated Service Oriented Architecture Capable Traffic Manager
Abstract:	The Navy seeks to support development of an automated intelligent network traffic management algorithms and implementations to support OA/SOA network communications over constrained communications channels. Broadata Communications, Inc. (BCI) proposes to develop a new Wireless Automated Service Oriented Architecture Capable Traffic Manager (STM) based on its innovations in incorporating new network measurement technology in middle-box QoS network management. It focuses on providing two imperative features: the automated management of network resources without reconfiguration and the effective utilization and prioritization of Navy services over a network that includes wireless long propagation links. The intelligence of our solution is based on an innovative, network independent and humanly intuitive measurement of available bandwidth, automated bottleneck link bandwidth estimation, traffic differentiation, and traffic forecasting. We propose to put those unique abilities for achieving superior performance for the Navy problem at hand.

PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP. 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 368-6107 Gary Sikora NAVY 08-173 Awarded: 11/26/2008
Title:	Intelligent Network Traffic Management
Abstract:	We offer to research, design and prototype portions of an intelligent messaging framework that provides a layered approach to the problem, and leverages and integrates with commercial SOA ESB technologies. The first layer applies content filtering on the producer or consumer side based on network conditions, filter probability and message distribution. The second layer provides state filtering which determines whether the content has changed enough from the last transmission based on consumer constraints. The third layer uses a commercial product, DDS, to apply history, prioritization and queuing QoS. The fourth layer applies transactional filtering which removes elements that have not changed from the last transaction. The fifth layer applies binary compression using the Efficient XML emerging standard. The fifth layer applies network topology aware routing, leveraging MANET developing techniques. In summary, messages are sent based on consumer content and state constraints, reliably delivered using DDS QoS, reduced in size by only sending what changed and compressing the message, and uses knowledge of the network topology to reduce redundant messaging across the same connection. The framework approach is to use JBoss, an Open Source ESB to manage the rules at each layer and the workflow.

FIRST RF CORP. 4865 Sterling Drive Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 449-5211 Farzin Lalezari NAVY 08-174 Awarded: 9/25/2008
Title:	Interoperability and compatibility techniques for Counter Radio controlled IED Electronic Warfare (CREW) and other Radio Frequency Communication
Abstract:	The simultaneous need for blue force broadband communications link and the proliferation of sensitive SIGINT receivers has created the need for the US Navy to develop a system capable of suppressing broadband interference in close proximity to sensitive receivers. The goal of the current SBIR is to develop a low cost system that will provide the US Navy with the capability to deploy and use a variety of transmitters, communication systems, and SIGINT systems in close proximity without the requirement of connecting the various systems. A wideband interference rejecting antenna system must provide broadband omni-directional coverage when installed on a vehicle and be capable of maximum wideband interference cancellation. The system must operate over a minimum frequency range of today�s existing terrestrial SIGINT and communications systems. Finally, the system must be capable of rejecting both on-vehicle and in-convoy interference sources. The FIRST RF team proposes a new system that combines broadband antenna technology and advanced null forming techniques with state of the art cancellation electronics to provide a wideband wireless cancellation technology to meet the US Navy requirements.

TERASYS TECHNOLOGIES LLC 60 Hoolai Street Makawao, HI 96768
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 264-4099 Kevin Miyashiro NAVY 08-174 Awarded: 9/25/2008
Title:	RF Absorptive Filter (RAF)
Abstract:	The RF Absorptive Filter (RAF) is a high power, low loss, absorptive band reject filter designed to enable Blue Force communications to occur simultaneously with CREW Systems. RAF is capable of installation at the output of an RCIED jammer to maximize noise rejection due to its high power handling and absorptive properties. RAF is compatible with both fixed frequency and frequency hopping Blue Force communications.

FIRST RF CORP. 4865 Sterling Drive Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 449-5211 Farzin Lalezari NAVY 08-175 Awarded: 9/26/2008
Title:	Wideband Conformal Antenna
Abstract:	As Joint Counter Radio Frequency IED Electronic Warfare (JCREW) technology becomes increasingly prolific in military applications for ground forces, there is a corresponding requirement to develop antenna systems that accommodate present and foreseeable integration and performance challenges for these systems. While existing antenna systems for JCREW applications have demonstrated the ability to provide acceptable performance on a wide variety of ground mobile platforms, each of these platforms has different impacts on � and experiences effects due to � the desired performance of these systems. In order to achieve more uniform performance and seamless integration for future JCREW systems, the focus of this effort is on conformal vehicle-mounted antennas, as they present the most significant technical challenges to meeting these goals. To overcome these challenges, technological advances must be made to develop antenna hardware that can be readily integrated onto a wide variety of platforms without compromising EW performance or the performance of existing systems. A natural approach to simultaneously addressing these problems is to use conformally-mounted antennas. Specifically, if antennas tailored to JCREW requirements can be mounted on the broad outward-facing surfaces common to military ground vehicles, they will provide techniques for addressing both electrical and mechanical challenges experienced in current systems.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 220-2503 Christy Vestal NAVY 08-175 Awarded: 9/26/2008
Title:	Development of Wideband Conformal IED Jammer Antenna
Abstract:	Improvised explosive devices (IEDs) have become a common part of the arsenal used by the enemy against US forces. Current military vehicles use a monopole or whip antenna to radiate jamming signals to mitigate these threats. These antennas have a high profile, which can extend from 2.5 ft to over 5 ft in height, and are easily visible and prone to being damaged or destroyed while on patrol. New technology is needed to reduce the profile of these antennas while maintaining or possibly increasing the operations effectiveness. To address this critical military need, Luna Innovations will leverage its cross disciplinary knowledge in electromagnetics and materials engineering to design a compact broadband antenna capable of omni-directional coverage in azimuth while maintaining a low profile. Luna�s proposed approach features a traditional antenna design and specially engineered materials as the antenna substrate which enables antenna size miniaturization and prevents shorting of the antenna near a metal surface.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Jonathan P. Towle NAVY 08-175 Awarded: 9/26/2008
Title:	Antenna for Wideband Broadcasting to Jam Improvised Explosive Device (IED) Detonator Receivers
Abstract:	PSI proposes a broad band antenna that can be disguised to look like part of a ground vehicle. The antenna will have an omni directional beam pattern and so will block IED detonator receivers in all directions and at all frequencies commonly used by IED detonators.

DIVERSIFIED TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 35 Wiggins Ave. Bedford, MA 01730
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 275-9444 Nick Reinhardt NAVY 08-176 Awarded: 9/26/2008
Title:	Non-Lethal Swimmer Deterrent
Abstract:	A non-lethal but effective electrical swimmer barrier is proposed that will take advantage of ocean oil-barrier deployment technology, the conductive properties of near-coast waters, and the physiological sensitivities of human swimmers to electrical shocks. Experimental validation will be made of the use of intermittent, spatially-distributed burst- mode current pulses of short duration to create enhanced deterrence without incurring added risk of lethality. A novel secondary-electrode pulse current distribution system will localize the swimmer interdiction areas and provide the desired effect-free regions close to ships and piers. Feedback control of the deployable power supplies will be used to compensate for temperature changes, variations in salinity, water pollution, ship proximity, and configuration of the area to be protected. To energize the system, either shore or ship�s power can be used; power demand is estimated to be 50 Watts per meter of coverage. The entire electrode set and its power supply will be readily deployable and retrievable by two persons working from a 24- to 28-foot boat. Electrode corrosion will be prevented by electrochemical techniques already proven in DTI�s pulsed-electric-field (PEF) sewage-treatment and food-processing equipment.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Applied Technologies Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Kang-Bin Chua NAVY 08-176 Awarded: 9/26/2008
Title:	Non-Lethal Electrical Swimmer Deterrent System
Abstract:	To address the Navy�s need for a nonlethal swimmer deterrent system, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Nonlethal Electrical Swimmer Deterrent (NESD) system. This system is based on an innovative system architect and novel electrode configuration that offers capability to generate electric field of 2 volts/ft within its operating region and delivers a nonlethal shock to the intruder, thereby preventing trespassing or sabotage. The compact, man-portable system can be easily deployed by two personnel on a 24�28 ft boat. The system design introduces electric field gradually to deter marine life thereby avoiding shock, which will facilitate public acceptance of this system and address concerns of wildlife organizations. In addition to this, the NESD design is modular, adaptable, and scalable, allowing multiple electrodes to be attached on to a single electrical controller unit. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of NESD system by developing a bench-top, proof-of-concept device with a technology readiness level (TRL) of 3 or greater. In Phase II, we will demonstrate a protective electrical barrier generator for naval security with a TRL 6 or greater.

ANGLE, INC. 7406 Alban Station Ct. Suite A112 Springfield, VA 22150
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 866-0060 William R. Schmidt NAVY 08-177 Awarded: 11/24/2008
Title:	Offboard Refueling Support System for Unmanned Surface Vehicles
Abstract:	The proposed task creates the design for a robotic system (Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV))to control and conduct unmanned and unsupervised refueling of another USV. The concept uses an optimized boat design, light-weight low profile crane, boom end mounted robotic effector, novel hose end connection and receiver port design, and hierarchical command and control program based on the NIST Real-Time Control System RCS. The proposed work will detail the design concepts, establish the Concept of Operations, create a real-time, first person simulation of the tanker in operation connecting to a customer, and create the functional and architectural definition documents for the command and control and integrated health management systems.

MICHIGAN AEROSPACE CORP. 1777 Highland Drive Suite B Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 975-8777 Anthony Hays NAVY 08-177 Awarded: 11/24/2008
Title:	Autonomous Watercraft Docking and Refueling Architecture (AWDRA)
Abstract:	With the increased emphasis in recent years on expanding the Navy�s capabilities in littoral battlespace, there has been an increasing demand for self-sustaining autonomous vehicle networks that can support this expansion. Manned refueling and servicing of surface vehicles is currently possible, but imposes a significant degree of risk on the crew; bringing the autonomous vehicles back to a host ship for refueling and replenishment takes time and effort away from the assigned mission. Michigan Aerospace Corporation proposes to leverage its extensive technical experience in the field of autonomous servicing systems to develop a common, robust, multi-platform- capable refueling system architecture. The Autonomous Watercraft Docking and Refueling Architecture (AWDRA) will provide for a compliant capture system that is used in a bow-to-stern rendezvous and docking operation between an automated surface tender and a target surface vehicle in need of replenishment while both vehicles are moving forward in up to Sea State 3 conditions.

NAVATEK LTD. Suite 1110 841 Bishop Street Honolulu, HI 96813
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 544-0210 Jeffrey E. Kline NAVY 08-177 Awarded: 11/24/2008
Title:	Offboard Refueling Support System for Unmanned Surface Vehicles
Abstract:	It is proposed that a new �refueling mission package� capability be developed for the LCS ASW Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) to perform function of a refueling tanker for refueling other offboard systems (USVs or unmanned underwater vehicles) without restricting host ship operations. Utilizing the existing ASW USV �hard point� deck sockets and command and control, this refueling mission package will minimize impact on LCS by eliminating the need for another unique USV. The refueling USV objective will be to transit to the watercraft, connect a refueling hose to a common port on the watercraft, refuel the watercraft, detach the refueling hose, and return to the host ship without human intervention. We will leverage Oceaneering's Large Vessel Interface Lift-on/Lift-off Crane (LVI Lo/Lo) Program to develop the motion sensing and compensation refueling effector. We propose to demonstrate concept feasibility by integrating Navatek developed USV-to- USV motion simulations with Oceaneering's LVI Li/Lo Land Based Test Facility.

ADAPTIVE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS A020B ASTeCC Building University of Kentucky Lexington, KY 40506
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(859) 537-9871 YuMing Zhang NAVY 08-178 Awarded: 9/15/2008
Title:	Monitoring of Arcing Condition in GMAW and Its Variants
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I project is to prove the feasibility of an innovative weld monitoring technology. This innovative technology is characterized by (1) an innovative non- transferred arc sensor which responds to both surface conductivity and sensor-to-joint distance and can be used to monitor the joint geometry and possible surface contamination such as paint, oil, sand, etc. and (2) an innovative mechanism for determining the location of the arc root in relation to the joint geometry based on arc current and voltage waveforms. While the joint geometry and surface condition are the major variables whose deviations affect the arcing condition, the arc root location and arc current can be considered the results of their effects. The proposed monitoring method thus simultaneously monitors both the causes and results of possible arcing condition deviations.

ALPHASENSE, INC. 28 Hillstream Road Newark, DE 19711
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(302) 294-0116 Pengcheng Lv NAVY 08-178 Awarded: 9/15/2008
Title:	A compact, low cost, in- process welding defects detection system based on thermal plasma emission
Abstract:	In this proposal, AlphaSense, Inc. (AI) and the University of Michigan (UM) detail the development of a compact, portable, and low cost in-process weld defects detection system. Key innovations of the proposed system include: a) weld defects monitoring based on plasma emission characteristics; b) use the electron temperature of the plasma as an indicator of the weld quality, c) use multiple plasma emission lines to enhance the system sensitivity, and d) the development and application of a Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) based peak detection algorithm to enhance the sensor sensitivity, and to reveal plasma emission signatures associated with contaminations. With these innovations, we expect that the final product of this proposal will be a compact (~4x4x2 inches), light weight (~1lb), low cost (<$1K/ unit if produced in small volume), and wearable sensor.

FEDERAL FABRICS-FIBERS 45 West Adams Street Lowell, MA 01851
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 441-3037 Fred W Geurts NAVY 08-179 Awarded: 9/16/2008
Title:	Robust Deployable Superstructure Enclosure System
Abstract:	The U.S. shipbuilding industry has fallen behind the global industry in terms of meeting �World Class� commercial best manufacturing practices. The U.S. shipbuilding industry desires to recover our status as a world leader in this area. One step along the path of upgrading our infrastructure to world class manufacturing quality and standards is to utilize enclosure systems during ship maintenance and surface preparation and coatings work. Currently this type of work is often performed in an open air environment which, decreases productivity, reduces efficiency and allows release of regulated air emissions into the environment. An enclosure system that is easy to use, easy to relocated from one work location to the next, easily maintained, storable within a small cube, and robust is desired. Finally, it is desirable that these structures are able to function on a ship�s superstructures and around complicated geometries. Enclosures of this type will increase productivity, by decreasing down time (allowing work to continue during inclement weather), allow capture of regulated air emissions (VOC�s), and ultimately increase worker efficiency, comfort, and safety. Federal Fabrics-Fibers (FFF) proposes an AirBeam Supported Enclosure System (ABSES) solution. This enclosure will be supported using our AirBeam and AirFrame technology. FFF has considerable experience in designing and manufacturing custom AirBeam supported shelters, i.e. tents and enclosures. Due to the nature of the AirBeam and AirFrame technology this system lends itself to easily be adapted to different configurations and sizes. For example FFF has produced �enclosures� ranging from 15 ft spans � 15 ft long to 30ft spans by potentially unlimited lengths. In addition, AirBeams with spans of over 80 ft have been produced here at FFF and adding a skin to make a relatively large enclosure is a simple task.

KAZAK COMPOSITES, INC. 10F GIll Street Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(207) 371-2568 Mike McAleenan NAVY 08-179 Awarded: 9/16/2008
Title:	Tough Reconfigurable Topside Shipbuilding Manufacturing Structure
Abstract:	Military and emergency civilian shelters are typically designed for mobile operations with relatively short set-up/strike cycles. Durability with minimal maintenance and logistical support are then essential. These characteristics also hold true for shipyard construction and environmental structures. However unlike military and civilian structures, topside shipyard structures must withstand grinding, hot work and day to day use in a manufacturing environment. In addition ship topside structures vary in geometric complexity, material and accessibility. The shelter system must also be designed to withstand high winds, ice and snow loads. KaZaK�s Phase I efforts will work with shipyards to define shelter requirements, then further refine/develop proposed innovations through analysis and scaled prototype models, while refining designs and full scale testing during Phase II. KaZaK will investigate a novel composite material construction in combination with a highly automated panel production process that has been used with great success in other structural design problems that required a balance between deployed stiffness, durability and low cost. Full scale Navy/shipyard prototype fabrication/assembly and shelter testing is anticipated by the end of Phase II.

KAZAK COMPOSITES, INC. 10F GIll Street Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(207) 371-2568 Mike McAleenan NAVY 08-180 Awarded: 9/17/2008
Title:	Rapid Low Cost Application of Adhesive Tangs for Support of Shipboard Fire Protection Materials
Abstract:	The next generation of U.S. Navy combatants is currently under design with topside structures considering composite materials. Composite topside structures will reduce weight, provide significantly reduced RCS signatures and assist the Navy to meet performance goals. Development of Navy topside structures has evolved based on prior experience which has included the design and construction of the AMES Mast, Forward Director Room (first article) and more recently the extensive research and development to qualify the design of the DDG Composite Helicopter Hangar. Several current composite programs, the design and manufacture of the DDG 1000 topside structure and NSRP�s Improved Affordability for Composite Structure are working to reduce cost, weight and manufacturing complexity. An adhesive tang system that supports shipboard passive fire protection is another step to outfitting a composite topside structure. KaZaK�s Phase I efforts will work with a shipyard to define system requirements, further refine/develop its proposed innovations through analysis and fire, smoke and toxicity testing (FST), while refining designs and laboratory qualification testing during Phase II. KaZaK will investigate a novel material construction that has been used with great success in other design problems that required a balance between FST requirements, adhesion and structural support at low cost.

TRIANGLE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES 203 April Bloom Ln. Cary, NC 27519
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(919) 345-9367 John Pacanovsky NAVY 08-180 Awarded: 9/17/2008
Title:	Adhesives for Rapid Outfitting and Insulation Attachment
Abstract:	There is an ongoing requirement to reduce the cost and time associated with insulation attachment during outfitting and new construction on naval vessels. Currently, the primary method of attaching insulation on metal surfaces is through the used of welded studs. These studs are attached to decks and bulkheads early in the construction process and are often damaged before the construction process is complete. Any changes or additions late in the construction process require additional �hot-work� which can be expensive to arrange and may damage existing finishes. In addition, welded studs are not an acceptable method for attachment on composite bulkheads. The objective of this proposal is to utilize the epoxy/urethane/acrylate hybrid resins that have been commercialized by Triangle Polymer Technologies to develop a strong, safe, fast curing adhesive material that has the physical and mechanical properties conducive to operation above 300F and under extreme conditions can be easily used in confined shipboard spaces. Our novel hybrid resins have proven adhesion to a wide variety of surfaces and the set time can be altered from under 1 minute to over 1 hour without a change in performance properties. This will produce a dramatic increase in operational effectiveness of all military operations.

DIVERSIFIED TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 35 Wiggins Ave. Bedford, MA 01730
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 275-9444 Neal Butler NAVY 08-181 Awarded: 9/18/2008
Title:	High Efficiency and High Power Quality Electrical Power Conversion
Abstract:	Diversified Technologies, Inc. (DTI) has been a pioneer in the development and deployment of high voltage DC power supplies and pulsed power systems based on series and parallel combinations of conventional silicon based devices, such as IGBTs. In this SBIR, DTI proposes to apply and extend its power supply and switching technologies to develop high voltage / high power converters that will meet the requirements of this SBIR, using combinations of power converter modules based on commercially available devices to accommodate input prime power at 4160 to 13.8 kV AC or 6 kV DC at multi-MW power levels. Under this SBIR effort, DTI proposes to analyze several candidate architectures to achieve this goal, and characterize one or more of these architectures. Approaches to maximize power conversion efficiency while minimizing weight and volume will be investigated. In Phase I, DTI will investigate various architectures to achieve the power conversion goals of this topic, and provide analytical and experimental data to support further architectural optimization.

SATCON APPLIED TECHNOLOGY, INC. 27 Drydock Avenue Boston, MA 02210
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 694-8048 Jim Munro NAVY 08-181 Awarded: 9/18/2008
Title:	High Efficiency and High Power Quality Electrical Power Conversion
Abstract:	The proposed shipboard medium voltage AC to DC converter system will allow for various input and output levels based on a power dense, efficient, low cost, high quality output, and modular design expandable up to 6MW. A 450kW power conversion module uses advanced power switching devices and a uniquely designed isolation transformer. The 13.8kV module front-end is connected across a series cascade of H-Bridges that are switched at a low frequency to reduce losses, synthesize a high quality sine wave, operate at unity power factor, and meet low current distortion per MIL-STD-1399-680. Each DC output of the H-Bridge section acts as an input for a Series Loaded Resonant DC/DC converter that includes high frequency transformer isolation. The SLR converter uses Super Gate Turn Off devices from Silicon Power Corporation operating at a high frequency to minimize the transformer. Low output DC ripple is realized by full wave rectifying and interleaving each SLR output to form a single DC output. Multiple paralleled modules combine to achieve a ripple voltage of 0.1% rated up to 6MW. Each module output is regulated to handle transient load conditions and can be adjusted between 800- to-1000V as influenced by the transformer turns ration.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Kushal Talukdar NAVY 08-182 Awarded: 9/19/2008
Title:	Distributed Sensor Network for Autonomous Hull Monitoring
Abstract:	Maintenance of naval ship hulls is important for a number of reasons. The current techniques of hull husbandry, the periodic inspection of the hulls and taking corrective actions, is a very time consuming and labor intensive process. In order to simplify planning for such a task and to reduce uncertainties during the drydock periods, PSI is offering a solution that is based on a sensor network mounted inside the hull of the ships. The sensors will be able to collect information on various hull conditions. The information will be stored in a database for detecting anomalies and will draw the attention of an operator to areas where a detailed look is warranted. The advantages include improvement in the quality of the ship hull inspections, reduction in personnel time and reduced life cycle costs for the new Littoral Combat Ships.

SEAROBOTICS CORP. 15852 Mercantile Court Suite 2 Jupiter, FL 33478
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(561) 627-2676 Kenneth Holappa NAVY 08-182 Awarded: 9/19/2008
Title:	Autonomous Hull Inspection
Abstract:	This proposal meets the goals of the solicitation topic NAVY 08-182 through the leveraging of technology already developed with funding from the ONR and direction of the NAVSEA Carderock Division Naval Surface Warfare Center. Through the use of the existing HullBUG platform combined with third party sensor systems, a comprehensive autonomous inspection system may be developed in a relatively short period of time that is cost effective. The HullBUG vehicle is a small (<30kg) tethered or tetherless vehicle that crawls on the underwater surface of a ship. The vehicle stays attached to the ship using a patented non-contact negative pressure device and uses soft rubber tires that do not mar or scratch the hull coating. Ship hull inspection with the HullBUG and the sensor suite allows for the assessment of the hull structure, investigation into corrosion, determination of the level of biofouling and the discovery of objects or threats that may have been attached to the hull by hostile parties. The system proposed herein provides the platform and the sensing technologies for accomplishing inspections while at sea or while moored in port.

SET ASSOC. CORP. 1005 N. Glebe Rd. Suite 400 Arlington, VA 22201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 738-6203 Kathy Kielmeyer NAVY 08-182 Awarded: 9/19/2008
Title:	Autonomous Hull Inspection
Abstract:	Ships and submarines require periodic inspections of their hulls for two reasons: in order to detect and locate potential threats to the ship as well as the identification and quantification of a variety of factors relating to the material condition of the ship. These include the existence of threats such as limpet mines, and the condition and fitness for service of both the freeboard and underwater hull paint system, the presence of corrosion and the condition of the antifouling coatings, and the running gear of the ship (propellers, rudders, shafts, struts, suctions and anodes). Threat detection and neutralization is a primary function of keeping the Navy fleet safe and ready to serve, and the acquisition of maintenance related information will assist maintenance planners, port engineers and type commanders in executing maintenance at the required periodicity and at the lowest possible cost. Our eventual goal is to develop and demonstrate a prototype autonomous hull inspection system for both force protection and maintenance evaluation. The objective of Phase I is to demonstrate the feasibility of such a system. This will include generation of a concept of operations projecting the capabilities of the system, detailed technical descriptions of major components and subsystems, descriptions of interface requirements, and concept drawings.

ADVANCED SOLUTIONS FOR TOMORROW, INC. 295 West Crossville Rd. Building 200 Roswell, GA 30075
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(401) 832-6583 Tom O'Malley NAVY 08-183 Awarded: 9/22/2008
Title:	Next generation Combat System Development Approach
Abstract:	The design, development, testing, and maintenance of future complex combat systems will require new approaches and technologies. Present software technologies are limited by the fact that the computing system architectural layers and software components are not integrated. New software technologies are needed to adopt a more integrated view of the system architectural layers and software components of the computing system. This project proposes using a Service Oriented Architecture approach to adopt a �system of systems� approach to future combat system development. Our approach will be based on open standards and will utilize new technologies that integrate system modeling, simulation, data meanings and ontology�s, and measures of effectiveness with the applications, the application support environments, the operating system, the computing platform architectures, the processing nodes and network layers.

MODUS OPERANDI, INC. 122 Fourth Avenue Indialantic, FL 32903
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 984-3370 Richard Hull NAVY 08-183 Awarded: 9/22/2008
Title:	Wave SOS: Wave for Systems of Systems
Abstract:	To counter advanced threats, the Navy is designing and retrofitting submarines with improved sensors, weapons, and communications systems. Such advancements place stress on submarine system designers and maintainers because of the increase in �ber system complexity. Modus Operandi proposes an innovative semantic service-oriented framework to represent and integrate the design artifacts of a combat SOSA (System of Systems Architecture). With the Wave-SOS (Wave System of Systems) technology, the Navy can greatly increase the understanding of SOS architectures and their components, reducing total life cycle costs and improving understanding and collaboration.

CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP. 727 Airport Boulevard Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 668-2567 Chris Lomont NAVY 08-184 Awarded: 9/23/2008
Title:	Automated System (H/W & S/W) Test and Repair Tool
Abstract:	The growing complexity of distributed submarine combat systems has limited the Navy�s capability to test and repair software and hardware under a wide range of fault scenarios. As a result, the potential for mission failure due to system faults has risen to an unsatisfactory level. We propose to develop an Automated System Test and Repairer (A-STAR) to simplify the setup and execution of system tests and continually monitor the integrity of combat systems.A-STAR will run as a background process and detect software & hardware faults. A Performance Analysis & Measurement system (PAM) will visualize the real time data like a global Task Manager. The A-STAR program will generate a log identifying any detected problems. An automated trend analysis procedure will mine the event logs and compare attributes like fail states, operating time, processor usage, and others. The key innovations of A-STAR are its integrated monitoring and analysis environment and test scenario generation capability. A-STAR will allow the Non-SME to create a range of simple to complex test scenarios to evaluate the Navy system. A-STAR will then inject appropriate events to simulate system faults, provide real-time monitors of the system, and produce overall mission status reports.

IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 200 Canal View Blvd Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 424-1990 Patrick Kalgren NAVY 08-184 Awarded: 9/23/2008
Title:	System for Automated Test and Integrity Verification (SAT-IV)
Abstract:	In response to SBIR topic NAVY 08-184, Impact Technologies proposes to develop and demonstrate an automated monitoring system with the ability to detect, identifying, and repair performance problems within a widely distributed submarine combat system. The proposed non-invasive Prognostic and Health management (PHM) system, consisting of layered software applications and selectively chosen hardware signal interfaces, will be capable of identifying anomalous system behavior, interpreting the variety and location of the symptom�s cause, and automatically making necessary corrective actions when human input is not required. In this approach, real-time parametric system characterization will accumulate necessary features to facilitate a dynamic learning ability, thereby increasing prediction level confidence. An automated system detection tool will have the ability to integrate new system components into the prediction models, while automated monitoring tools provide the signals necessary to determine system health through a refined proprietary signal verification and validation application. Integrated logistics and maintenance support will allow even the most basically trained crew member to preserve expected system performance. In order to provide next generation submerged vessels the ability to perform their intended missions, these abilities are necessary to ensure peak system performance during combat scenarios.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 William J. Kessler NAVY 08-185 Awarded: 11/24/2008
Title:	All Optical Tank Level Indicator System
Abstract:	This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will combine optically-based measurements of pressure and the mature fiber optic networking technology used by the telecommunication and cable television industries to design and demonstrate an innovative All Optical Tank Level Indicator (TLI) System for VIRGINIA Class submarines and Navy fleet applications. Current TLI systems on submarines are expensive and time consuming to install and maintain due to their complicated design, large number of inventoried parts and their susceptibility to failure in the extreme and varied environments encountered within submarine tanks. PSI will evaluate two distinct optical pressure measurement techniques that may be coupled to a remotely located, ultra-sensitive, commercially available sensor control unit. The pressure measurements will be combined with tank engineering design data to determine the tank liquid level. One technique will be selected to for a distributed sensor system design that will be fabricated and tested during the Phase II program. The proposed innovative TLI system will be applicable to all tank sizes and geometries, reducing required part inventories and providing a robust, universal measurement solution. The proposed effort leverages PSI�s extensive and successful experience developing and delivering optically based sensor solutions for commercial and Navy Mil-Spec applications.

Information Systems Laboratories, Inc. 10070 Barnes Canyon Road San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 217-9781 Stephen Matier NAVY 08-186 Awarded: 1/29/2009
Title:	Sensitive Passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Tag Development
Abstract:	Passive radio frequency identification (pRFID) transponders (tags) are relatively less expensive than active RFID (aRFID) tags, and the absence of a battery makes them attractive for applications where very long life is important. Passive tags derive their power from the RF field, and this power diversion significantly reduces the power received by the interrogator (reader), rendering this tag type the last choice when reader power is limited and the required range is large. In these cases, an alternative to a battery-powered tag that has mostly been confined to research environments is to power it with an external energy source such as light, magnetic fields, or acoustic energy. In the case of tagging ordnance, the acoustic and inductive powering are not attractive because the high amount of power required is unsafe. Light powered tags, on the other hand, have the potential to safely power the tag. Such a tag would contain, in addition to the circuitry and antenna, a solar cell to harness power from ambient light sources. This research program will examine the feasibility of this approach to making pRFID tags to be used for Naval ordnance.

Quintech Electronics and Communications, Inc. 250 Airport Road Indiana, PA 15701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(724) 349-1412 Joshua Maina NAVY 08-186 Awarded: 1/29/2009
Title:	Sensitive Passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Tag Development
Abstract:	This is a Small Business innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I proposal to the Department of Defense (DoD) requests $100,000 support for Quintech Electronics and Communications, Inc. to demonstrate the feasibility of developing a Sensitive Passive Radio Frequency Identification (pRFID) tag that will meet the HERO requirement. This proposal responds to Navy topic number NAVY 08-186, �Sensitive Passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Tag Development�. The significance of the HERO level tag being proposed here is that, the problem of tagging ordnances below deck on board a naval vessel will no longer be an issue of concern in terms of hazardous radiations. Because this tag will operated within the specified low power level, readers can be designed to radiate low power RF signal within the HERO specifications and still be able to read the tags. The innovation in this research is to create a switching effect that generates frequency to feed the input of an amplifier using energy harvested from HERO level radiation to power the logic circuit of the tag. Phase I activities will involve feasibility of using a proprietary switching device to create the alternating input to amplifier using ambient energy on board the vessel without external source.

Cornerstone Research Group, Inc. 2750 Indian Ripple Road Dayton, OH 45440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 320-1877 Greg Karst NAVY 08-187 Awarded: 8/5/2009
Title:	Cyanate Ester-based Pressure-sensitive Adhesive
Abstract:	The aerospace industry needs an innovative pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) to increase the performance of new aircraft paint-replacement coatings for both rotorcraft and fixed-winged platforms. The PSA will be used to adhere existing polymeric appliqu� film materials to the current polyurethane-based aircraft body primers. Currently, existing PSAs cannot provide mechanical performance and solvent resistance in a broad temperature range while maintaining cost-effective processability and simple removal. The cyanate ester PSA offers many benefits over existing PSA systems, such as higher thermal stability and enhanced solvent resistance. The high tensile strength and modulus prevent weakening or fracture under stress and ensure adhesive failure upon removal without leaving residue. Once developed, the one-time use appliqu� will be repositionable upon application and removable with minimal heat or tools involved. This PSA will use roll- to-roll web processing. This state-of-the-art PSA will transform the world of coatings for aircraft, broadening application areas, facilitating processing, and yielding higher quality mass production.

Integument Technologies, Inc. 72 Pearce Avenue Tonawanda, NY 14150
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(716) 873-1199 Terrence Vargo NAVY 08-187 Awarded: 8/6/2009
Title:	Pressure Sensitive Adhesive (PSA) Development
Abstract:	Integument Technologies, Inc. proposes to develop a new pressure sensitive adhesive system for application onto paint replacement applique technology. A new adhesive will be developed and demonstrated in order to meet Navy demands within an aircraft tempereature regime from -65 deg. F to 285 deg. F or higher. The proposed adhesive technology will be developed using unique nano-infusion technology in order to increase the operable temperature range of an acrylic/urethane based pressure sensitve adhesive (PSA). The PSA developed in the Phase I increment of this project will be demonstrated on several applique materials including fluoropolymer, polyurethane, polyimide, and nylon.

Luna Innovations Incorporated 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Bryan Koene NAVY 08-187 Awarded: 8/5/2009
Title:	Pressure Sensitive Adhesive (PSA) Development
Abstract:	Applique films are under consideration as replacements for traditional paint based coating systems in newer military aircraft. Despite advantages in decreased corrosion, their practical use for this application has been hindered due to poor adhesion, particularly at extreme temperatures. To enable this promising technology, revolutionary developments in new pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) systems must be accomplished to achieve excellent peel strength (2-8 lbs) at the temperatures to which the surface of the aircraft will be exposed (-55 to 140�C). Luna proposes a novel polymeric system based on our current developments that will surpass these requirements with excellent adhesion to a wide range of materials within this temperature range. This program will produce a new class of low volatile organic compound (VOC) adhesives that will demonstrate superior adhesion to polyurethane, nylon, polyimide, and fluoropolymer films, as well as to metal and composite substrates.

NanoSonic, Inc. P.O. Box 618 Christiansburg, VA 24068
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 953-1785 J Lalli NAVY 08-187 Awarded: 8/5/2009
Title:	Tacky, Polar Poly(organosiloxane) PSAs for Elegantly Tailored High Performance Adhesion
Abstract:	NanoSonic would optimize our novel polyorganosiloxane and siloxane-urethane copolymers as high performance, residue free, pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) that would promote simple appliqu� films repositioning/removal from NAVAIR rotorcraft and fixed-wing surfaces. The proposed PSAs offer excellent adhesion (50 � 250 N/m as a function of crosslink density per ASTM D 903 180� peel tests with adhesive failure, hence, residue free) over a temperature range of -120�C to > 350�C. While acrylic PSAs offer good adhesion, the proposed copolymers offered herein are synthetically engineered to provide service over a wider thermal range with enhanced solvent resistance (sea water, jet fuel and solvents) and weatherability against UV and ozone. During Phase I, accelerated ageing studies will be carried out to verify peel and lap shear adhesion of > 5psi up to 1,000 hours. Additional ageing studies shall be carried out under cryogenic and elevated temperatures (-65�F to 285�F) and after soaking metal-to-applique peel specimens in boiling water and heated solvents. NanoSonic currently offers specialty adhesives in volumes up to 55 gallon drums and shall work with our defense prime partner to increase the TRL from 5 - 8 of our cost effective, roll-to-roll compatible PSAs for appliqu� films during Phase I and II.

SciGenesis, LLC 518 North Main Street Suite 207 Hattiesburg, MS 39401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(601) 467-8683 J. Phillips NAVY 08-187 Awarded: 8/5/2009
Title:	Pressure Sensitive Adhesive (PSA) Development
Abstract:	In this Phase I, SciGenesis is adapting adhesive materials and techniques from our current adhesive projects to the development of a pressure sensitive adhesive that will meet rigorous NAVAIR requirements for military appliqu� coatings. Our group has successfully incorporated stimuli-responsive characteristics to adhesive films, and when adapted to the proposed SBIR project will allow for the advanced performance high tack, peel, and shear strengths required for military applications, and facilitate easy removal when desired. The technical effort includes the synthesis, characterization, formulation, and testing of new PSA polymers. Materials are characterized using ASTM adhesive testing methods under aggressive environmental conditions designed to assess the thermal stability, chemical resistance, and shear strength of the samples. Successful polymer compositions must meet NAVAIR flight qualifications, and all testing equipment is available through the PIs research labs, the University of Southern Mississippi coatings labs and analytical services, or through collaborating commercial labs. SciGenesis will demonstrate the feasibility of incorporating an easy-release mechanism into preferred adhesive formulations, and characterize the rate of adhesive loss, release mechanism, and mode of adhesive failure. Adhesive formulations produced during this program will find immediate application as aircraft appliqu� adhesive components and address other needs within the commercial aviation market.

Technova Corporation 3927 Dobie Road Okemos, MI 48864
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(517) 485-9583 Anagi Balachandra NAVY 08-187 Awarded: 8/6/2009
Title:	Pressure Sensitive Adhesive (PSA) Development
Abstract:	The main thrust of the proposed research is to develop a new class of high-performance pressure-sensitive adhesives for use with aircraft appliqu� films. Our approach merges the conventional pressure-sensitive adhesives technology with recent advances towards development of dry adhesives inspired by the nano-fibrillar structure of gecko- foot. Nano-texturing of pressure-sensitive adhesives is proposed here as a means of producing conformable surfaces which can establish thorough intermolecular contacts with rough substrates under pressure without requiring a liquid-type fluidity. The merger of the two (pressure-induced) adhesion mechanisms would complement the powerful and highly versatile contact mechanics of nano-fibrillar structures with the high adhesion energy and peel resistance of pressure-sensitive adhesives associated with their cavitation/fibrillation during debonding. The conformable nano-textured surfaces would remove a major constraint (the need for liquid-type fluidity) against optimum formulation and processing of pressure-sensitive adhesives with a desirable balance of peel and shear resistance, thermal and chemical stability, and repositionability and removability for use with aircraft applique films. The proposed Phase I research will verify the benefits of nano-texturing to pressure-sensitive adhesives, and will demonstrate the potential to refine the formulations and processing conditions of nano-textured pressure-sensitive adhesives to suit aircraft appliqu� film applications.

TRITON SYSTEMS, INC. 200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-4200 Fengying Shi NAVY 08-187 Awarded: 8/5/2009
Title:	Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Development(1001-268)
Abstract:	Triton Systems Inc. proposes to develop a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) with continuous service temperature range from -65oF to 285oF, high peel strength, high humidity tolerance, chemical resistance, UV resistance and clean removability. The proposed PSA will be able to preserve its peel strength and impact flexibility after long time exposures of aircraft fluids and weathering treatment. The proposed PSAs will be compatible with low-cost, high volume roll-to-roll web processing as well as various polymeric appliqu� film materials.

ASPEN AEROGELS, INC. 30 Forbes Road Building B Northborough, MA 01532
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 466-3114 Roxana Trifu NAVY 08-189 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Aerogel Augmented Thermal Protection for Divers' Hands
Abstract:	A diver's ability to perform dexterity work is greatly diminished in long duration missions if his hands are cold. Research has demonstrated that protecting a diver�s torso, arms, and legs in cold water diving without simultaneously providing adequate thermal protection to the hands proves futile in maintaining an adequate core body temperature in long duration cold water dives. In extremely cold water diving conventional foam neoprene glove are inadequate for protecting the diver and enabling his mission. These gloves have poor thermal performance, are bulky, buoyant, inhibit dexterity and tactile sensitivity, and are difficult to maintain waterproof. The proposed study will develop a multifunctional passive thermal protection solution for diver�s hands featuring augmented aerogel with impressive thermal performance. Using a new infiltration process, Aspen will transform conventionally engineered liners into augmented aerogel super insulating gloves with outstanding dexterity and durability. Phase II will continue refining the work on the superinsulating flexible glove and will provide development on the system design for additional thermal protection and hand warm-up.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Weibo Chen NAVY 08-189 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Lightweight, Compact, Heated Glove Insert for Diver Hand Protection
Abstract:	Navy divers require thermal protection for their hands in cold water to extend dive durations and to improve manual dexterity. Creare proposes to develop an innovative heated glove insert to improve hand dexterity. The proposed technology uses a very thin glove insert with a high distributed heating power to enhance thermal protection for the hands and fingers, keeping them at a comfortable temperature even in very cold water. Our approach employs a lightweight chemical heater with a very high energy density to provide heat and an innovative heat distribution system to deliver the heat to the hands and fingers. The chemical heater will self-regulate its heating temperature for optimal comfort and safety. The consumable material used in the heater will weigh less than 1 oz. for four hours of operation. The glove inserts will be rugged, compact, lightweight, and easy to use. In Phase I, we will prove the feasibility of our approach by: (1) modeling the performance of the heated glove insert, (2) demonstrating the chemical heater in the laboratory, and (3) developing a work plan for Phase II manned testing. In Phase II, we will build prototype gloves and demonstrate their effectiveness in unmanned and manned testing.

GERBING'S HEATED CLOTHING, INC. 750 E Dalby Road Union, WA 98584
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(360) 898-4225 Jeff Gerbing NAVY 08-189 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Gloves for diver thermal hand protection in cold water environments
Abstract:	In this effort Gerbing's Heated Clothing will propose two or more glove candidates (prototypes) for further development. We intend to separately identify and embody the best glove design and heating system candidates based upon screening of all available technologies. Glove design focus will be to provide a lightweight glove with moderate insulating properties that provides maximum dexterity and tactility to the user. Heating systems selection will be screened using the following criteria: Thermal transfer efficiency, Ability to provide 100% electrical isolation, ruggedness and robustness, and ease of integration. The end prototypes will be fully functioning units. This will provide the end users with two different glove fabrication methods and two different heating systems. The heating systems should be interchangeable in the glove shells. Power, control and electrical connection systems will be considered, but only inasmuch as their integration into the glove system. This is due to the limited time frame available.

RINI TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 582 South Econ Circle Oviedo, FL 32765
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 359-7138 Daniel P. Rini NAVY 08-189 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Active Heating System for Diving Gloves
Abstract:	Divers performing deep submersion operations are often exposed to extreme cold conditions resulting in cold stress. Cold stress impairs diver performance, shortens dive duration, and creates an unnecessary health risk to divers. These issues are exacerbated at the extremities of the human body such as the hands and feet. In many cases divers perform tasks with their hands which require dexterity to manipulate tools and instruments, while cold conditions have an obvious affect on performance. A Heated Diving Glove System (HDGS) is proposed here to address this issue. The proposed HDGS will circulate 35C warm water through tubes sown into the top of diving gloves; thereby heating the back of the divers hand without hindering dexterity. Until now, active heating systems have been impractical due to power requirements and reliability. Through a current SBIR program with NAVSEA, Rini Technologies, Inc. (RTI) has developed a breakthrough active Free Diver Heating System (FDHS) that utilizes miniature heat pump cycle technology. The FDHS is an extremely power efficient heat pump design that regulates water temperature circulating through a diver�s tube suit. This effort will leverage the FDHS to supply warm water to the proposed Heated Diving Glove System.

DROPLET MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 5710 Flatiron Parkway Suite B Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 440-5576 Gregory Kok NAVY 08-190 Awarded: 10/16/2008
Title:	A fast response, open flow, integrating nephelometer for fine scale measurements of aerosol and cloud particles
Abstract:	An integrating nephelometer is proposed that can be deployed on a variety of platforms including powered aircraft and towed vehicles. The design allows air to pass freely through the sample cell with no restrictions. A sampling rate of up to 100 hz will allow for aerosol flux measurements. The light scattering coefficient will be measured at multiple wavelengths to provide angstrom coefficients allowing for estimation of the average concentration and size of the atmospheric particles. The phase I objective will be to build a prototype unit that demonstrates the concept and evaluates the measurement sensitivity as a function of the design parameters. The simplicity of this instrument will lend itself to deployment on aircraft towed sondes for particle flux or fog visibility measurements near the ocean surface. The light weight and low power consumption of the instrument also make feasible for use on UAVs.

ZIVKO AERONAUTICS, INC. 502 Airport Road, Hangar 6 Guthrie, OK 73044
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(405) 282-1330 Christopher Todd Morse NAVY 08-190 Awarded: 10/16/2008
Title:	Air-sea flux, Turbulence, Aerosol and Wave Measurement System
Abstract:	ZAI proposes to investigate advancing the capabilities of our Smart Towed Vehicle to be mounted and operated onto a more diverse range of aircraft and applications. Currently the STV has been fully tested and operated on a Twin Otter. During Phase I ZAI will look at mounted options for other possible aircraft. This investigation will include both centerline fuselage applications as well as designing a pod based system.

ACENTECH, INC. 33 Moulton Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 499-8083 Steven Africk NAVY 08-191 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Metamaterials for Acoustic Cloaking
Abstract:	Acoustic cloaking � the ability to direct sound completely around an object � is an exciting possibility. Potential military applications include making underwater objects invisible to threat sonar and creating quiet zones where, for example, otherwise noisy manned underwater operations can be safely carried out or where battlefield noise can be contained. Commercial applications are almost limitless. Metamaterials have been well described in the literature and some electromagnetic prototypes have been demonstrated. The key to making an acoustic metamaterial is anisotropy of its effective material properties. Very recently, designs for underwater spherical and cylindrical cloaks have been developed requiring that the effective density of a material be described as a tensor, that is, that it have two different values depending on direction. In this proposed project, a means to construct metamaterials with this property using very simple, inexpensive and rugged dynamical elements commonly used for vibration reduction will be demonstrated. A promising naval application will be identified and a suitable metamaterial and cloak geometry will be designed for it. A test model representative of the metamaterial will be built and tested in air as a proof of principle. This model will be tested in water in the Phase I option.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Information Technologies Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Keehoon Kim NAVY 08-191 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Engineered Metamaterial for Acoustic Cloaking
Abstract:	To address the Navy need for acoustic cloaking, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Engineered Metamaterial for Acoustic Cloaking (EMAC) technology. It is based on directional density and compressibility variation with a unique structure construction. The innovations in the EMAC sublevel structure offer the Navy a 3D acoustic cloaking spherical shell capable of enclosing various objects, and eventually an elongated 3D shell for objects such as submarines. The EMAC constituents adjust directional properties to change density and compressibility, providing an anisotropic mass density with principal axes and a radially dependent bulk modulus. In Phase I POC will develop a physical model for EMAC, a validation model, a set of optimized parameters for EMAC fabrication/design appropriate for Navy acoustic cloaking applications, and demonstrate a functional component(s) of the EMAC. Based on the feasibility demonstration, in Phase II, POC plans to develop an optimized model of EMAC materials to exhibit cloaking properties at Navy acoustic frequencies and to fabricate a laboratory proof-of-concept prototype demonstrating the ability to manufacture metamaterials in small lots.

SENSORMETRIX 10211 Pacific Mesa Blvd., Suite 408 San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 625-4458 Anthony Starr NAVY 08-191 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Development of Acoustic Metamaterials
Abstract:	It is proposed to develop acoustic metamaterials for potential Navy applications. Potential fabrication methods and design methodologies will be investigated. Various acoustic metamaterial concepts and simulation techniques will be explored.

WEIDLINGER ASSOC., INC. 375 Hudson St FL 12 New York, NY 10014
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(212) 367-3000 Jeffrey L. Cipolla NAVY 08-191 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Metamaterials for Acoustic Cloaking
Abstract:	New metamaterials promise to improve radically the ability of structures to evade sonar detection. The physics of these �acoustic mapped metamaterials� (AMM) is novel: by careful design of their elastic properties, a coating made of AMM materials guides waves around and away from a �cloaked� internal region, rendering the object inside undetectable by active sonar. Like all technologies, AMM will require considerable effort before it becomes a practical reality. AMM theory has only recently been cast in a usable form, by Norris (�Acoustic Cloaking Theory,� Proceedings of the Royal Society A, online May 2008, doi: 10.1098/rspa.2008.0076); previous theories based on extensions of electromagnetics are not physically realizable. Consequently, we propose to conduct extensive numerical experimentation and development to minimize risk. The AMM theory will be deployed to a well-verified finite element code, PZFlex . This development will enable us to test the AMM theory on submarine-like shapes. In addition, we propose to conduct finite element studies of AMM microstructures, in order to ensure that the proposed materials exhibit the desired, complicated and unique elastic properties. These unit-cell analyses will guide the design of manufacturable composites. Finally, our proposed work includes detailed consultation with established manufacturers of naval composite materials, to ensure the AMM microstructures can be manufactured at full scale and low cost.

SPEC, INC. 3022 Sterling Circle Suite 200 Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 449-1105 R. Paul Lawson NAVY 08-192 Awarded: 10/15/2008
Title:	Comprehensive data-reduction and analysis package for cloud and precipitation particle imager data.
Abstract:	An efficient, user-friendly, well documented data processing and analysis software package is needed to process the complex data produced by new airborne particle imaging probes, such as the SPEC 2D-S, cloud particle imager (CPI) and 3V-CPI probes. For example, the 3V-CPI, which combines features of the 2D-S and CPI, integrates data from the 2D-S probe plus images from a 1 Megapixel digital camera at 500 frames per second, amounting to a data rate exceeding 6 billion pixels per second. The very large data throughput and signal processing from these instruments require sophisticated and efficient software to process and interpret the collected data. Furthermore, software developed to process and analyze data from these probes must be standardized, user- friendly with clearly defined algorithms that are understood and available to the entire research community. SPEC Inc., the developer of the 2D-S and 3V-CPI probes, has already made significant inroads in the development of low-level code that analyzes the copious parameters associated with each particle imaged by the 2D-S and CPI probes. These low-level codes perform several functions, including decompressing images that have been compressed in hardware, analyzing several housekeeping and individual particle image signals, such as the particle arrival time, transit time, focus value, particle location on the array(s), deadtime in overload conditions, particle maximum length, width, area and perimeter, reject particles that are too closely spaced due to shattering on probe inlets, to name only a few examples. However, these codes have been written largely for the purpose of the company�s internal engineering evaluation of the performance of the probes. SPEC has also developed particle habit classification schemes for the standalone CPI. In Phase I, we will standardize and enhance the 2D-S codes to have straightforward point-and-click user interfaces and a first-cut technical manual. The final Phase I product will enable users of the 2D-S to select various community standard artifact rejection algorithms, display particle size distributions using selectable imaging processing techniques, compute derived parameters such as extinction, liquid and ice water content and effective particle radius. The CPI particle classification schemes and other candidate schemes will be evaluated for implementation in Phase II. The code developed in Phase I will output the particle size distributions and derived parameters in ascii format for input into archive files. The feasibility of commercializing the final software product will be evaluated. In Phase II, we will extend the software package to include data from the 3V-CPI, finalize the various software components and combine them into a user friendly, menu driven package with graphical displays. The package will be tested with real data and its functionality will be demonstrated. A plan for transitioning the package to commercial use will be developed.

OCEANIT LABORATORIES, INC. Oceanit Center 828 Fort Street Mall, Suite 600 Honolulu, HI 96813
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 531-3017 Ken Cheung NAVY 08-193 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Tactical Bioluminescence Navigation Aid
Abstract:	In some conditions, flow excited bioluminescence caused by a submersible, diver or Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV) can be observed at the surface, compromising clandestine operations. This project describes a design for a compact, robust, low power device that will measure a bioluminescent signature, the turbidity and depth of the operator and provide a simple prediction as to the likelihood of observation of that signature by an observer at the surface. The device is simple in concept and operation and provides feedback to the user in the form of a simple graphical interface. Use of the device will allow the operator to change speed, depth or course to minimize the signature, thus decreasing the probability of detection.

WESTERN ENVIRONMENTAL TECH. LABORATORIES, INC. 620 Applegate St. PO Box 518 Philomath, OR 97370
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(541) 929-5650 Cristina M. Orrico NAVY 08-193 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Bioluminescence Risk Detection Aid
Abstract:	The objective of the proposed work is to develop a detailed description and methodology for an intuitive, real-time bioluminescence risk detection aid (BRDA) for underwater vehicle navigation and mission planning. The purpose of the BRDA is to provide real-time information as to the probability of above water visual detection of platform-induced (e.g. an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle, SEAL Delivery Vehicle, or diver) bioluminescence based on local environmental data, in situ measurements, and simple radiative transfer models. Our envisioned BRDA will include 1) a suite of simple, compact, low power sensors, 2) a data acquisition and processing system to integrate measurement streams and apply a simple radiative transfer algorithm to determine bioluminescence detection risk, and 3) a simple, graphical user interface to display real-time threat risk. In this Phase I proposal, we provide a description our proposed measurement suite, a bioluminescence contrast model, and a conceptual framework for the user interface. As part of our efforts, we will conduct a series of field experiments to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed BRDA system from which we will develop a detailed design concept for implementation of the BRDA system for an AUV.

ADAPTIVE METHODS, INC. 5885 Trinity Parkway Suite 230 Centreville, VA 20120
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 840-9722 Jim Wiggins NAVY 08-194 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Tethered Antennas for Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs)
Abstract:	When submerged, unmanned undersea vehicles (UUVs) have difficulty with navigation and communication: inertial navigation systems can be used but they are subject to drift the longer the unit remains below; communications are limited to low bandwidth acoustics or wiring back to another vessel or shore platform. A tethered antenna system which allowed RF antennas to remain above water but connected to a UUV below could provide a bi-directional, high data rate link to a nearby vessel or shore platform as well as GPS coordinate data for more precise navigation. A concept and implementation plan for a buoyant, tethered antenna system is discussed in this proposal. Key features include a hydro-dynamically stable surface platform with minimal drag and weight for RF antennas, low cost commercial electronics providing 802.11 wireless communications and GPS data to the UUV, and a strong yet small, lightweight tethered cable capable of reeling the system between the UUV and the surface.

BROOKE OCEAN TECHNOLOGY USA, INC. 1213 Purchase Street New Bedford, MA 02740
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 990-4575 Roger E. Race NAVY 08-194 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Tethered Antennas for Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs)
Abstract:	When an AUV is underwater it cannot receive a GPS signal and it cannot communicate utilizing radio. This is a problem for users of AUVs. The ability to communicate rapidly and in real time, while still submerged could be very beneficial to many applications. A towed tethered antenna that will support two-way RF communication and GPS reception would greatly enhance the ID and localization capabilities of all AUVs. The immediate benefit to AUV users would be real time commands to the vehicle, which would allow mission changes �on the fly�. Accurate location of the vehicle while patrolling in smaller bodies of water and harbors will now be possible because of accurate GPS fixes.

KCF TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 112 W. Foster Ave Suite 1 State College, PA 16801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 867-4097 Dave Kraige NAVY 08-194 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Retractable UUV Antenna Buoy with Smart Tether GPS
Abstract:	KCF Technologies, in collaboration with Star-H and Penn State ARL, will fabricate a tethered antenna to support two-way RF communication and GPS reception. In addition, the module will incorporate a �watch circle error� position correction using KCF Smart Tether sensors on the tether, to project the buoy GPS accurately onto the submerged UUV. In Phase 1, KCF and Star-H will fabricate and test a preliminary deployable antenna. The prototype will be configured as a module for the Bluefin 21 UUV. During Phase 2, Penn State ARL and Bluefin will support a demonstration of the deployable antenna module on a Penn State UUV and the Bluefin 21, respectively. The eventual goal is to also integrate the module onto the Bluefin 12 and other 12 � inch UUVs.

NANOSONIC, INC. P.O. Box 618 Christiansburg, VA 24068
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 953-1785 Bradley Davis NAVY 08-194 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	A Tethered Antenna System for High Data Rate UUV Communications
Abstract:	In this SBIR Phase I program, NanoSonic would work with a major research university and a large DoD prime contractor to investigate the application of tethered antennas to UUVs. Through this program, NanoSonic�s team would perform system design and feasibility studies as well as produce designs and limited hardware prototypes for use in tethered communication systems for UUVs. NanoSonic�s PI is an antenna engineer with familiarity in RF electronics and fiber optic systems. He would lead the design and construction of the required antennas and electronics. NanoSonic�s President, Dr. R.O.Claus has specific experience in fiber optic system design, fiber fabrication and fiber optic cable deployment and would assist with the tether dynamics. NanoSonic also has significant experience in the construction of structural composites with radome qualities for RF and microwave transmission. Other value-added features would include hydrophobic coatings and printed antennas. The university partner brings a long history of UUV development and system construction as well as hydrodynamics and buoy construction. This partner would provide a convenient and useful platform for feasibility and proof-of-concept design, development and testing. Finally, the NanoSonic group can support restrictions applied to this program.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Kushal Talukdar NAVY 08-194 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Fiber Optic Tethered Antennas for High Speed Communication with UUVs
Abstract:	Underwater acoustic communications for UUV control and information retrieval is power intensive and can not operate at high data rates comparable to RF communications. In order to improve communication with submerged UUVs, Physical Sciences Inc., is proposing to develop a tethered antenna buoy. The buoy will house the RF antennas, can be deployed and retrieved as necessary and allow high rate bi-directional data communication up to 30 meters. The design of the system features an innovative dual antenna design and the use of optical fibers for communication between the buoy and the UUVs.

BASIC COMMERCE & INDUSTRIES, INC. 304 Harper Drive Suite 203 Moorestown, NJ 08057
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(856) 778-1660 Timothy Maese NAVY 08-195 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Next-Generation Marine Atmosphere Observing Instrumentation
Abstract:	The overall objective of this Phase I program is to develop the architecture for a satellite data uplink system for transmitting dropsonde measurement data from the sensor to a ground-based terminal without the use of a specialized receiver or direct line-of-sight radio links from the sonde to the host aircraft. This project is intended to complement the high-altitude, automatically ejected dropsonde system, XDR-928ds variant, being developed by Yankee Environmental Systems (YES) by providing a reliable non-direct radio data link between the YES sonde and the ground based users. The resulting satellite uplink device, SatSonde, will replace the standard point-to-point link used on the current XDR-928ds dropsondes (radio transmitter in sonde and corresponding AirHub receiver in the launching aircraft) with a satellite uplink system that will push the data from the sonde through an existing orbiting satellite data network and to the end-user through a web-based data dissemination service.

ITRI CORP. 7208 Hadlow Drive Springfield, VA 22152
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 489-8507 James Etro NAVY 08-195 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Next-Generation Marine Atmosphere Observing Instrumentation
Abstract:	In day-to-day military and commercial operations, obtaining high fidelity METOC observations of the operational space for forecast systems is difficult. One must dedicate sensors and collection resources, and the communications to convey the information to introduction into the METOC forecast system. Obtaining these METOC observations in data sparse and denied operational areas (OPAREAs) for the forecast system is very difficult, because the applications of all the resources in the operation area are optimized and deployed for accomplishment of the primary mission. Although supporting operations such as collection of METOC data can be important to the success of the mission, adding resources to uniquely collect METOC data is often prohibitive. We will exploit the METOC data observing capability of small Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) used on the battlefield, and those soon to be used in small commercial markets. From the UAS� autopilot, quantifiable low-level/boundary layer METOC data (wind, temperature, and pressure) are available, and the derived METOC information (turbulence, visibility, wave heights, area surface thermal characteristics, and cloud types and amount) are also available and ready to be exploited.

SCIENCE & ENGINEERING SERVICES, INC. 6992 Columbia Gateway Drive Suite 200 Columbia, MD 21046
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(443) 539-1748 Geary K. Schwemmer NAVY 08-195 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	SESI Lidar Wind Profiler
Abstract:	We propose to develop a small wind profiling lidar based on SESI and NASA technology that also produces boundary layer, cloud height, and cloud fraction data products. The wind measurements are based on the well established technique of aerosol structure time-lag correlation using a simple elastic scattering aerosol lidar. Accurate and timely cloud parameters (cloud fraction vs. altitude, ceiling, and altitudes of multiple layers) are also obtained using spatial scanning or sampling strategies that are superior to the data obtained from either whole sky imaging cameras or fixed single beam laser ceilometers. SESI is one of the few companies that have transitioned atmospheric lidars to DoD operational readiness, and is pursuing a program to develop wind lidars for multiple DoD and civilian applications. Using pulsed laser beams projected from a small telescope and range gated detectors, we are able to remotely measure 2-D and 3-D wind vectors at contiguous range intervals along a given line of sight without the use of expensive heterodyne or other Doppler technologies required by many other wind lidar systems. The technology is simple, robust, and builds on decades of development by several groups using scanning aerosol backscatter lidar.

YANKEE ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS, INC. 101 Industrial Blvd. Turners Falls, MA 01376
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(413) 863-0200 Mark C. Beaubien NAVY 08-195 Awarded: 10/27/2008
Title:	Next-Generation Marine Atmosphere Observing Instrumentation
Abstract:	The need for atmospheric pressure, temperature and wind (PTU+wind) vertical profile data over the data sparse open ocean remains a significant problem. Ship-based upper air stations provide synoptic observations but also act as homing beacons for the fleet. Few air-deployed dropsondes are deployed�usually only in hurricanes by specially- equipped WP3 and C-130 aircraft. Future advances in the accuracy and capability of Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models, particularly in littoral regions near large population centers, hinge heavily upon accurate initial condition data. This data can ideally be provided by in-situ dropsonde observations. What is needed is a low cost and reliable mechanism to enable more routine at-sea soundings. We propose to develop a highly rugged dropsonde technology that is mechanically-compatible with the thousands of ALE- 47 electronic countermeasure dispensers widely deployed across multiple DoD manned and unmanned aerial vehicles. The miniature dropsondes will be preloaded into one or more ALE chambers and automatically activate upon release. While in flight, the dropsonde will telemeter PTU, GPS winds, and sea surface temperature to low earth- orbiting data satellites. Near real time data will feed sounding data to the Fleet Numerical Prediction center's NPW models. We call this concept the �Automated Dropsonde Atmospheric Measurement System� (ADAMS).

GIRD SYSTEMS, INC. 310 Terrace Ave. Cincinnati, OH 45220
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(513) 281-2900 James Caffery, Jr. NAVY 08-196 Awarded: 12/11/2008
Title:	An Asynchronous SINCGARS (Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System) Frequency Hopping Notch Filter Based on Canceller Technology
Abstract:	Navy SIGINT systems are required to receive low level signals in the HF, VHF and UHF frequency bands. The SINCGARS (30-88 MHz) band occupies part of the VHF frequency band where signal reception is required. U.S. Navy ships will have from 2 to 8 SINCGARS transmitters installed, which are used to communicate with shore operational units. SINCGARS (Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System) radios use a frequency hopping signal to prevent jamming and interception, which is difficult to remove and prevent electromagnetic interference to the SIGINT receivers. GIRD Systems has developed an innovative approach that is capable of mitigating such SINCGARS interference without needing a copy of the interfering signal. The proposed approach will meet the space and volume requirements.

WAVECON 1432 Mandeville Place Escondido, CA 92029
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 747-6922 Kenneth M. Johnson NAVY 08-196 Awarded: 12/17/2008
Title:	An Asynchronous SINCGARS (Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System) Frequency Hopping Notch Filter Based on Canceller Technology
Abstract:	Design proposed for reducing SINCGARS co-site interferers. Design uses 8 high-Q 5- zero notch filters with unique design techniques for very high Q. It uses 8 bandpass filters covering 1/8th the band for fast interferer acquisition. Once an interferer is recognized using log detectors and a microprocessor, the notch filter is tuned to the interferer for rejection. Unique techniques are also employed for the band-pass filters. The design approach will meet all of the system requirements.

ZEGER-ABRAMS, INC. 1112 Clark Road Glenside, PA 19038
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 576-5566 Burton S. Abrams NAVY 08-196 Awarded: 12/15/2008
Title:	An Asynchronous SINCGARS (Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System) Frequency Hopping Notch Filter Based on Canceller Technology
Abstract:	This proposal examines a combination of proprietary techniques for preventing shipboard SINCGARS transmitters from overdriving and desensitizing a cosite sensitive signal exploitation receiver. ZA proposes to pursue further development and integration of these techniques, which in combination offer interference suppression greater than 50 dB, low impact on receiver noise figure, and fit in less than a 7 U high rack mount unit for each direction-finding receiver channel.

MAYFLOWER COMMUNICATIONS CO., INC. 20 Burlington Mall Road Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 359-9500 Gowri Rajappan NAVY 08-198 Awarded: 12/22/2008
Title:	Prioritized Unbalanced Traffic Total Yield (PUTTY): and Optimal Approach to Topology Management in Directional Networks
Abstract:	Mayflower Communications Company, Inc. (Mayflower) proposes a Topology Management technology, the Prioritized Unbalanced Traffic Total Yield (PUTTY), to meet the Navy objective, namely, to develop advanced approaches for readily deployable Topology Management algorithms that address the complexity of mobile Ad Hoc Mesh Communication Networks constructed of directional antennas, and demonstrate its ability to optimize total network carrying capacity in a tactical ad hoc environment with unbalanced traffic. The proposed PUTTY topology management includes (1) network monitoring and analysis algorithms, and (2) network topology optimization algorithms. These two categories of topology management algorithms are applied repeatedly to dynamically optimize the network topology. Low complexity of the algorithms ensures that the proposed topology management is able to manage networks with hundreds of heterogeneous nodes. The proposed PUTTY technology leverages Mayflower�s expertise in network design and topology management, and builds on technology developed under several SBIR programs and Internal R&D. The PUTTY system, when proven feasible in the Phase I study for the Navy application, has enormous potential for military and commercial applications. Mayflower will develop a prototype PUTTY system in Phase I and II, and ensure its commercialization in Phase III and beyond.

SCALABLE NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 6701 Center Drive West #520 Los Angeles, CA 90045
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 338-3318 Rajive Bagrodia NAVY 08-198 Awarded: 12/1/2008
Title:	Topology Management for Directional Antenna-based Networks
Abstract:	The topology of an ad hoc network plays a key role in the performance of many control algorithms used in the network for purposes such as scheduling of transmissions, routing, and broadcasting. The goal of topology management is to maintain network configuration in terms of wireless links to optimize bandwidth allocation. This Phase I SBIR proposal will pursue both `power control' and `hierarchical topology organization' approaches to to research and develop readily deployable topology management algorithms which address the complexity of mobile ad hoc mesh communication networks constructed of directional antennas, and demonstrate, via extensive QualNet simulation, their ability to optimize total network carrying capacity in a tactical ad hoc environment with unbalanced traffic.

TECHNOLOGY UNLIMITED GROUP 1885 Sefton Place San Diego, CA 92107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(619) 865-5173 John Reddan NAVY 08-198 Awarded: 12/15/2008
Title:	Topology Management Analysis and Algorithms (TMAA)
Abstract:	TUG�s proposed solution to the Topology Management for Directional Antenna-based Networks (DA-Nets) applies the concept of clusters to the formation and optimization of network topologies. The decentralized control approach required by military applications of DA-Nets requires the distribution of information across the network such that each node can calculate the topology based on a shared view of the network and its traffic patterns. A cluster associates nodes performing related functions, which is both a natural basis for creating topologies and a method for reducing the computational complexity of managing DA-Net topology. A valuation function is defined which calculates the value of a network configuration based on utilization requirements (e.g., network traffic). The solution utilizes optimization algorithms to optimize inter and intra- cluster connectivity based on the �value� criteria calculated by the valuation function. The end result is a self-optimizing network topology which is constantly seeking to improve its own �value. The work performed in this effort will: - Examine options for implementing the Valuation Function which assess network value - Tailor existing TUG optimization algorithms for DA-Net application - Define the information and message exchange requirements necessary to perform distributed topology management

DBV Technology, LLC 161 Woodmist Way North Kingstown, RI 02852
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(401) 294-4607 Harold Vincent NAVY 08-199 Awarded: 2/25/2009
Title:	Imaging Instrumentation System
Abstract:	DBV Technology, LLC proposes to develop an acoustic instrumentation system for the Test & Evaluation of Trident D-5 munitions to support the geo-location of near simultaneous impacts on the sea surface of up to 500 projectiles within a 500 meter radius area to an accuracy less than 1 meter CEP referenced to WGS-84. The proposed system will leverage over ten years of DBV Technology experience in basic and applied research of the acoustic signatures produced by high velocity solid objects impacting gas-liquid interfaces such as the sea surface. It is shown that by applying the first principle physics governing the acoustic signatures of impact events in conjunction with advanced signal processing techniques, state of the art electronics, storage, and acoustic sensor technologies; individual impact events can be resolved (i.e. detected and scored) to within 8 cm spatially or 50 micro-seconds temporally. In addition to the research of splash acoustics, DBV Technology has over ten years experience with design, development, installation and operation of ocean acoustic systems for splash detection and scoring to sub-meter accuracy in support of test and training at the Atlantic Undersea Test and Evaluation Center (AUTEC), Pacific Missile Range Facility (PMRF) Naval Gunfire Scoring System (NGSS), Kwajalein Missile Impact Scoring System (KMISS), Soft Impact Location Capability (SILC), and Integrated Maritime Portable Acoustic Scoring and Simulator (IMPASS) System.

Physical Sciences Inc. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Marten Byl NAVY 08-199 Awarded: 2/25/2009
Title:	High Precision System for Scoring Multiple Simultaneous Water Impacts
Abstract:	Acoustic scoring systems based upon time difference of arrival (TDOA) have long been used to score in near-real-time the drop accuracy of precision munitions in the open ocean. These systems work well when they are scoring a single impact but do not have the capability to discriminate multiple and near simultaneous impacts. Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop a High Precision System for Scoring Multiple Simultaneous Water Impacts (HPSS) by fusing data from multiple sensor sources. Fusing multiple sensor sources reduces the total number of potential solutions evaluated and helps eliminates �phantom sources�. In addition, the fused sensor approach minimizes the probability that an impact falls into a region where the impact is either shaded or of indeterminate position.

Information Systems Laboratories, Inc. 10070 Barnes Canyon Road San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 535-9680 Jeff Ridgway NAVY 08-200 Awarded: 3/2/2009
Title:	Determination of SSBN ownship ground velocity
Abstract:	Precise navigation is crucial to the Navy's submarine fleet, as is the ability to keep each submarine submerged and covert. All INS systems drift, and require additional inputs to correct the drifting navigation. In this Phase I, ISL will research two innovative electromagnetic velocity estimation methods that are independent of current technology, and will add valuable information to stabilize the onboard INS: (1) the usage of electric field (E-field) measurements and the Lorentz force relationship relating the E-field and the ambient magnetic field to velocity; and (2) the usage of separated magnetic gradiometer sensors to determine the speed that the submarine is passing through the magnetic field caused by underlying oceanic crustal structure. Each method is extremely covert. The Lorentz method measures small voltages induced in three orthogonal wires inside the submarine, while the gradiometer method utilizes external magnetic sensors. We predict that the derived velocity accuracies from these methods may be as good as 0.5 cm/sec. The Phase I project will study feasibility of each method, will estimate the accuracy of the derived velocity, will identify the major noise sources which can affect the velocity estimate, and will determine the optimal sensors and configuration to achieve the objectives.

Wilson Campbell Systems PO Box 183 Atwood, CA 92811
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 270-7520 William Wilson NAVY 08-200 Awarded: 3/2/2009
Title:	Prototype Development and Demonstration of a Conceptual Navigation Sonar System
Abstract:	A Conceptual Navigation Sonar System (CNSS) is proprosed for demonstration. This CNSS has the potential to remove or alleviate many of the short comings of the the current AN/BQN-25, including being able to operate nearly continuously. This is achieved by using a phased array to generate steerable beams and modern transducer technology which has a very low Q.

---------- OSD ----------

39 Phase I Selections from the 08.2 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

Empirical Technologies Corporation P.O. Box 8175 Charlottesville, VA 22906
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 296-7000 David W. Gerdt OSD 08-H01 Awarded: 3/31/2009
Title:	New Methods to Monitor Health Status and Clinical Laboratory Data
Abstract:	Empirical proposes to further develop and clinically validate a complete solution for a rugged, multi-parameter, vital signs monitor. The device, CareTaker, fits inside the palm like a small hockey puck and attaches to a small finger cuff. Once calibrated with a conventional sphygmomanometer, CareTaker will continuously monitor beat by beat blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate, and hemorrhaging for 100 hours on a battery charge. Two temperature sensors and a provision for an oximeter will be added to the hardware. The software will be embedded into a new processor within the device. Communicating with CareTaker is via Bluetooth to PDAs, PCs, or smart phones. Charts representing trends in physiological parameters may be uploaded. Notes may be added to the virtual chart that will follow the patient to hospitals and home. An LCD is available for radio free use. One proposed clinical investigation will use CareTaker on patients in a MICU who have an arterial catheter. This will verify the ability of CareTaker to accurately track changing blood pressure. Another clinical investigation will use blood donors who effectively hemorrhage a pint of blood. This will verify that CareTaker can effectively monitor bleeding, whether internal, external, or under a bandage.

Linea Research Corporation 1020 Corporation Way Palo Alto, CA 94303
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 533-9546 Yong Jin Lee OSD 08-H01 Awarded: 1/8/2009
Title:	Multi-Parameter Physiological Monitor
Abstract:	There is a critical need for a next generation physiological monitors that can be used to determine the health of the warfighter in the field. Conventional vital signs monitors are typically large, and require a number of cables from the measurement unit to be attached to the patient. It is thus impractical for the warfighter to wear conventional vital signs monitors in the field. It is also impractical for a medic or corpsman to carry the conventional units in the field and attach the various sensors to the warfighter, and manage the cables during transport of the patient. Linea Research Corporation proposed to develop a physiological monitor based on photoplethysmographic techniques that will continuously monitor the heart rate, heart rate variability, beat-to-beat blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation and skin temperature. The unit will compact and wearable, allowing the continuous monitoring of the physiological data through a wireless interface. The monitor unit will provide a self alignment feature that will allow minimally trained personnel, or the warfighter himself, to attach the device to the upper arm. Once the device is attached, it can be worn continuously during field operations or during medical transport from the field to the hospital.

Orbital Research Inc 4415 Euclid Avenue Suite 500 Cleveland, OH 44103
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(216) 649-0399 Aaron Rood OSD 08-H01 Awarded: 1/15/2009
Title:	Battle Dress Physiologic Monitor (BDPM)
Abstract:	The ability to accurately monitor vital signs in the battlefield is critical to reducing casualties. Orbital Research proposes the Battle Dress Physiologic Monitor (BDPM) a system to monitor changes in general health status. The BDPM will focus on non-inv

UtopiaCompression, Corporation 11150 W. Olympic Blvd. Suite 680 Los Angeles, CA 90064
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 473-1500 Jacob Yadegar OSD 08-H01 Awarded: 12/2/2008
Title:	BioSensorWatch: Bio-Sensor Based Health Monitoring Device
Abstract:	Hemorrhagic shock is one of the leading causes of death in the battlefield for US war fighters, and is not always easily detectable in early stages before it becomes irreversible. Other types of shocks can also be difficult to detect without a proper continuous monitoring device in place. A monitoring device of this type should be non- invasive in its nature, robust to interference and noise, easily used by medics, other qualified personnel, and possibly end-users and have an efficient power management system. Such a device can be very valuable not only for the different DoD agencies, but also for civil markets. In particular, telemetry applications such as monitoring of vital signs pertaining to sleeping disorders, outpatients� health status and fitness show great promise. To this end, BioSensorWatch, UtopiaCompression�s proposed system, will monitor and assess changes in the health status of casualties based on real-time processing of various vital sign signals such as oxygen saturation, respiratory and beat- to-beat blood pressure. Our technology hinges on a miniaturized and carefully adapted sensor suite, intelligent power management system, and an innovative and robust decision support system hosted on a hardened PDA like device.

ADVANCED ANTI-TERROR TECHNOLOGIES CORP. (A2T2) 896 W Minneola Ave Suite 57 Clermont , FL 34711
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 686-6230 Ringleb OSD 08-H02 Awarded: 9/23/2008
Title:	An Internet-Based Rehabilitation Program for Warriors with Hearing Loss and Auditory Processing Disorders Secondary to Blast and Traumatic Brain Injuries
Abstract:	There are often secondary or tertiary effects to blast-related injuries including ear injury and hearing loss, which may also result in cognitive and linguistic deficits. The PALS medical Phase I prototype will be a modular addition to our existing technologies that assist with the rehabilitation of traumatic brain injury and gait training for patients with stroke, cerebral palsy and amputations. It consists of an audio component and multiple visual components, as well as speech recognition, to help the program adapt to the listeners� abilities. The audio components will include, but will not be limited to listening without interference, listening with background noise (i.e., competing speakers or in a crowd) and listening to accelerated speech. The visual components will include avatars that will help the patient comprehend visual cues, such as lip reading, facial expressions and body language, as well as other components that may be identified during prototype development. Finally, the speech recognition component of this project will allow for the program to adapt to the patients� listening capabilities, by increasing or decreasing the level of difficulty of the simulation. This tool will be developed while in constant communication with rehabilitation specialists, to ensure that the patients� needs are met.

APTIMA, INC. 12 Gill Street Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 496-2452 Jason Sidman OSD 08-H02 Awarded: 9/16/2008
Title:	Adaptive Game for Auditory Training and Evaluation (AGATE)
Abstract:	Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) has been called the signature wound of Operation Iraqi Freedom. The rise in overall survival rates and increase in brain injuries can be attributed to advances in medical technology and Kevlar body armor, which effectively protects soldiers from otherwise fatal blows, but leaves the head and neck area unprotected. The most frequent cause of injuries among more than 22,600 US warfighters, as of November 4, 2006, has been blasts from rocket-propelled grenades, land mines, and improvised explosive devices (IEDs). While current helmets can shield a soldier from penetrating head injuries, they do not absorb kinetic effects resulting from powerful blasts that can lead to closed head injuries, such as TBI. Some likely symptoms of brain injuries include deficits in cognitive processing speed, multitasking, and cognitive endurance; more severe injuries can lead to declines in executive function and self-awareness. Therefore, the development of tools and technologies that compensate for associated deficits is imperative. Aptima proposes to develop a prototype of the Adaptive Game for Auditory Training and Evaluation (AGATE) to train those with central auditory processing disorders. AGATE will be an internet delivered, game based, adaptive trainer.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Odile H. Clavier OSD 08-H02 Awarded: 9/23/2008
Title:	Serious Game for Rehabilitation of Auditory Processing Disorders
Abstract:	A large proportion of patients suffering from blast-related injuries also suffer from traumatic brain injury. Traumatic brain injury often leads to communication impairments associated with (central) auditory processing disorders ((C)APD). Properly designed auditory training has been shown to improve central auditory processing in patients suffering from (C)APD. Creare�s Serious Game for the Rehabilitation of Central Auditory Processes provides a modular audio, visual, and combined audio-visual rehabilitation tool within an Internet-based client�server application that is fully compatible with Internet distribution. The software tool will integrate rehabilitative scenarios that address the primary central auditory functions. The rehabilitative tool will be engaging, adaptive, and rewarding to ensure maximum benefits and patient compliance to the rehabilitation program.

COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY ASSOC., INC. 12530 Parklawn Drive, Suite 470 Rockville, MD 20852
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 581-3270 William Kelley OSD 08-H03 Awarded: 9/30/2008
Title:	Automated Patient Safety Ordering System
Abstract:	This submission addresses the development of a Clinical Decision Support (CDS) capability designed to enhance medication safety when used in conjunction with existing and/or new Military Health Systems (MHS) Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE), Electronic Medical Record (EMR) and Pharmacy Data Transaction System (PDTS) capabilities. The envisioned CDS system will monitor HL7 messages and use a rule- based engine combined with data mining functionality to generate alerts that will facilitate: 1) drug reconciliations across the spectrum of care, 2) drug contraindication screening using patient-specific data; 3) monitoring for therapeutic failure associated with medications; 4) dosage checking; and 5) ensuring that corollary orders are written as needed. Patient-specific data to be included in dosing and corollary order-class rules include allergies, age, weight, GFR, liver functions, concomitant medications and co- morbidities. The CDS architecture will be �loosely coupled� to clinical data sources and applications facilitating the reuse of the capability with any existing Hospital Information System. The CDS will also incorporate powerful yet easy-to-use tools to tailor/create new rules manually as well as a feature to automate the importation of medication knowledge as best evidence evolves and changes from �Structured Product Labeling� standard-based descriptions routinely maintained and published by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA).

DIAMOND VISIONICS LLC 400 Plaza Drive, Suite-A Vestal, NY 13850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(607) 729-8526 David L. Peters OSD 08-H03 Awarded: 9/30/2008
Title:	Automated Patient Safety Ordering System
Abstract:	Diamond Visionics (DVC) will leverage its application software development experience to evaluate the feasibility and develop a Clinical Decision Support (CDS) system for CPOE used by the Military and VA system. DVC will design and develop a modular CDS system that will have an editor capability and an adjustable override feature. DVC will check the feasibility and develop a prototype CDS system that will have a basic and an advanced patient safety feature. This system will also enable drug reconciliations across levels of care and be compliant with HL7 standards

ARCHIEMD, INC. 1602 ALTON RD , SUITE 126 MIAMI BEACH , FL 33139
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(305) 981-4830 Robert Levine OSD 08-H04 Awarded: 1/6/2009
Title:	A Framework for Developing Micro-Games for Preventive Medicine
Abstract:	ArchieMD, Inc. proposes to develop a framework for rapidly creating military-relevant micro-games. The utility of the framework will be validated through the creation of a micro-game targeted at reducing leishmaniasis among military personnel deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. These games SCORM compliant web-deliverable games will be created using Adobe Flash. The objective is to present preventive health information in a manner that engages users� interest During Phase I, we will develop an initial micro-game entitles Beat the Baghdad Boil. Beat the Baghdad Boil is targeted at reducing leishmaniasis among military personnel deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan.

INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC. 12122 Victoria Ave Los Angeles, CA 90066
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 581-5440 Azad M. Madni OSD 08-H04 Awarded: 1/6/2009
Title:	MedGames�: Micro Games for Proactive Preventive Medicine
Abstract:	Service members today are exposed to a variety of health hazards associated with military service. The DoD is committed to ensuring the health of service members by harnessing appropriate technologies that allow them to develop and maintain an awareness of risks and exploit that knowledge to take proactive, preventive measures. DoD believes that micro games provide a convenient and engaging means for Service members to learn how to practice proactive, preventive medicine. This project is concerned with conducting R&D leading to the development of instructional micro games for this purpose. Phase I is concerned with researching the feasibility, risks and cost- effectiveness of educational micro games for learning proactive, preventive medicine.

MYMIC LLC 200 High Street Suite 308 Portsmouth, VA 23704
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 391-9200 Taryn Cuper OSD 08-H04 Awarded: 1/26/2009
Title:	Micro Games for Proactive Preventive Medicine
Abstract:	MYMIC, LLC and Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS) will address the need for Service member preventive medicine education with design FIT-Health, an updateable, multi-genre authoring system for micro-games for health risk awareness. These short and stimulating game-based lessons will build upon one another to leverage new and existing knowledge within a region-specific suite while giving the learner control over their education through presentation mode. Development will be approached in an interdisciplinary fashion in order to address the content and instructional design of the games and the technology-based system design. FIT-Health will create a sense of engagement in a short period of time that will persist over several presentations, similar to television sitcoms. In addition, the games will be updateable to ensure the dissemination of current information to Service members. Last, FIT-Health will be developed for adaptation to mobile platforms, which will ensure that access can occur anywhere at any time, by utilizing a cross-platform authoring tool. This ubiquitous solution will consist of games that both engage the learner and promote learning transfer, resulting in a motivated learner and a successful learning experience.

ONTAR CORP. 9 Village Way North Andover, MA 01845
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-9622 John Schoeder OSD 08-H04 Awarded: 1/13/2009
Title:	Micro Games for Proactive Preventive Medicine
Abstract:	The OSD is aware that our nation�s younger generations are gamers and have the potential to learn through gaming. OSD has expressed interest in using short duration video games, called micro games, to promote learning in the domain of preventative medicine. Our primary focus during Phase I of this SBIR will be to develop meaningful micro games built on the principles of learning which can be hosted in an educational, web-based system. We will demonstrate the approach with games forealth risk assessment, immunization, screening for diseases, and nutrition. As a proof-of-concept, Ontar will produce two micro games relevant to the preventative medicine topic and demonstrate how our system can develop, host, and distribute training material related to the medical community. At the conclusion of Phase I we will deliver to the OSD a proof- of-concept demonstration for a preventive medicine training hardware and software system.

PLANET LLC 1212 Fourier Drive Madison, WI 53717
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(608) 827-5555 Abe Megahed OSD 08-H04 Awarded: 1/6/2009
Title:	Micro Games for Proactive Preventive Medicine
Abstract:	The DoD has put forward several new initiatives that emphasize fitness, preparedness, and preventive medicine through a focus on healthy lifestyle choices and accident prevention. Since a high percentage of the military affected by these issues are surprisingly young, one strategy for engaging this internet-savvy demographic and their families is through proactive preventive medicine microgames. PLANET LLC proposes to use a unique web-based platform for delivering a trio of 3D microgames based on existing medical and allied health knowledge of military preventive health priorities that will move beyond common microgame design to provide a more engaging method for delivery of didactic instruction. Using 3D, games can have a broader opportunity to take players into a role or environment they could normally not enter, allowing them to maximize a learning experience (in hazard or environmental exposure prevention for example). 3D simulation can also place a player in a dramatic situation, offering opportunities for compelling experiential learning. For traditional gaming, 3D also enhances the visual experience and user interactivity. This platform also includes multiplayer capabilities, so social interaction and sharing of ideas and strategies can further engage the players or an instructor and increase the game�s ability to provide instruction.

GenArraytion Inc 9700 Great Seneca highway Suite 325 Rockville, MD 20850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(240) 453-6312 R. Paul Schaudies OSD 08-H05 Awarded: 2/19/2009
Title:	Development of Biomarkers for Clinical Assessment of Occult Infection and Forecasting Emerging Disease Outbreaks
Abstract:	Members of the United States Armed Forces are faced with a wide variety of existing, genetically engineered and emerging biological threats. There is a critical need for a fieldable system for rapid microbial assessment of environmental and clinical samples. A system is needed to identify signatures in a complex background with extremely low false positives. Genetic biomarkers target molecular elements that are key to determining course of action, such as virulence mechanisms and antibiotic resistance. GenArraytion proposes to develop a signature sequence microarray for various Staphylococcus aureus strains, including those that are antibiotic resistant. Our hybridization based microsequencing approach provides rapid, accurate and sensitive identification and characterization for early detection of outbreaks. The massively parallel genetic analysis can identify novel, previously uncharacterized organisms and can be automated for field and hospital use. GenArraytion�s Sniper Sequencing identifies hundreds to thousands of unique and functional biomarkers per genome, including markers that are specific at the genus, species and strain levels. Functional elements of pathogens, such as virulence factors, infectious pathway elements and antibiotic resistance, are combined with organism-specific signatures to provide a detailed fingerprint that can discriminate between closely related microbial strains, characterize previously unknown strains, and provide indications of genetic manipulation.

Protein Express, Inc. 9940 Reading Rd Evendale, OH 45241
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(513) 769-9654 Michael L Howell OSD 08-H05 Awarded: 2/19/2009
Title:	Biomarkers for Occult Neural Infectious Disease
Abstract:	Despite years of research, the etiology of senile dementia of the Alzheimer�s type (AD) is still unknown. Infectious agents have never been ruled out, and our reliminary studies suggest that bacteria derived from AD brain slices cultured in our novel EBTKS medium may be involved. To identify these bacteria, brain slices will be cultured and non-human DNA sequences derived from the culture by massively parallel means. These sequences will permit (1) the determination of diagnostic PCR primer sets and (2) antigenic peptides that may be used to develop antibody-based diagnostic reagents.

ATTENTION CONTROL SYSTEMS, INC. 650 Castro Street Suite 120, PMB 197 Mountain View, CA 94041
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 494-2002 Richard Levinson OSD 08-H06 Awarded: 9/24/2008
Title:	A Conversational Independent Living Assistant for Cognitive Impairments
Abstract:	When a patient starts working with a new human caregiver it takes time and talking to develop trust and acceptance, and we should expect the same for electronic cognitive assistants. Human caregivers also function independently from the patient. While existing electronic cognitive aids simply echo the user's schedule back to them, human caregivers think independently about the best way to cue the user in a given situation. We propose to develop an Independent Living Assistant that interacts with patients in a similar way, by using a human-like face and a "conversational" ability to discuss preferences and options with the user. We will extend a commercial cognitive aid already being used by the VA, by adding physiological sensors to detect panic attacks and other psychological symptoms. The system may detect when users avoid activities, and converse with users during in-vivo exposure sessions to collect physiological data as well as their reported in- vivo experience, in order to determine if and when the patient is ready to move to the next level. Anticipated benefits of the system include increased user independence and reduced long-term caregiver costs. Our Medical Advisory Board includes two VA neuropsychologists who will provide guidance about clinical and commercial considerations.

CAMRIS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 1801 Rockville Pike Suite 410 Rockville, MD 20852
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 770-6000 Maria Trujillo OSD 08-H06 Awarded: 9/30/2008
Title:	Interactive Cognitive Interface and Health Monitoring System
Abstract:	Soldiers coping with injuries such as Traumatic Brain Injury and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (MCI/TBI) are in need of innovative solutions that will attempt to make their daily functioning easier while gaining independence. Even though soldiers with such injuries may be high functioning in some aspects of life, they still require a compensatory strategy for performing activities of daily living. The CAMRIS/CogniFit team will develop the initial plan, concept design and illustration for an interactive, low cost, effective cognitive interface system to support soldiers living with minor cognitive impairments. The Personal Autominder Coach Enhancement (PACE) system will focus on supporting some activities of daily living and provide assistance in self health maintenance by identifying each user's cognitive weaknesses. The proposed PACE system will interact with Autominder (Pollack 2006) developed for both older adults and with patients of various ages who have traumatic brain injury using advanced Artificial Intelligence techniques. We intend to enhance on the psychosocial aspects of health provider and patient interaction by using a �personal coach� approach that will include trust and affect, which have been shown to change treatment outcomes. We concur with the fact that augmenting trust between human users and machines have also been shown to influence the combined system performance. Our approach incorporates techniques used in building computational social agents (Miller, 2004) to encourage meaningful human-system interactions. By building a training routine based on user weaknesses, we believe we will create a significant improvement in overall functioning of MCI soldiers.

INGENIUM CARE, LLC 10311 W. Hampden Avenue Suite A-107 Lakewood, CO 80227
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 989-3424 James Wolf OSD 08-H06 Awarded: 9/23/2008
Title:	Interactive Cognitive Interface and Health Monitoring System
Abstract:	More soldiers are surviving battle injuries than ever before. However, many of the survivors suffer traumatic brain injuries, post traumatic stress disorder. These soldiers require care beyond the acute care provided by the hospitals. As they transition from acute care into extended care and independent living conditions, they need assistance and supervision to facilitate rehabilitation from injury, impairment or disability. This proposal describes a system capable of delivering such assistance and remote care while addressing the requirements for self health maintenance, safety and security, medical treatment (including therapy and rehabilitation) and social needs. The proposed system consists of a mesh network of fixed and wearable wireless type devices placed into the dwelling of the patient. The sensor network allows tracking the patient�s movement, to ascertain the basic health of the patient, to establish performance of certain activities and to provide assistance through intelligent prompting. Data gathered by the sensors is transmitted wirelessly to an in-home cognitive server and processed to provide an adaptive level of assistance to the patient and alerting of caregivers. A PDA Cellular Phone gateway will allow the patient to leave the dwelling and still maintain connection to the POC and the remote monitoring stations.

SMART INFORMATION FLOW TECHNOLOGIES, D/B/A SIFT 211 N 1st St. Suite 300 Minneapolis, MN 55401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(612) 669-6224 Peggy Wu OSD 08-H06 Awarded: 9/18/2008
Title:	Sensing Using Physical and Psychological Observations for Rehabilitating Troops (SUPPORT)
Abstract:	The injuries of today's returning soldiers are dramatically different than those of previous deployments and necessitate unique forms of support. There have been increased incidences of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and early intervention can reduce the severity of the disease and the cost of treatment, but we lack the human and technology resources for early diagnosis. This project builds upon assistive technologies for independent living by using a holistic approach that addresses both physical and emotional needs. We propose to create comprehensive designs for the underlying architecture and some key components of SUPPORT, a tool for recovering troops and caregivers to monitor health and well being, be alerted of potential problems, and manage treatment regimes. SUPPORT will use contextual cross referencing of physiological and psychological measures to accurately assess patient conditions. We will use advanced user interface design techniques that leverage human interaction theory combined with a cognitive orthotic system that utilizes sophisticated scheduling and planning algorithms to produce a non-intrusive yet highly interactive solution that encourages prolonged user engagement and human-machine collaboration for long term self-care, provides tools for patient-caregiver communication, and facilitates preventative care by early diagnosis of disease symptoms.

TALKING LIGHTS LLC 28 Constitution Road Boston, MA 02129
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 242-0050 Elmer C. Lupton OSD 08-H06 Awarded: 9/23/2008
Title:	Cognitive Orthotic for Traumatic Brain Injury Patients
Abstract:	This Phase I SBIR will develop assistive technology for person recovering from Traumatic Brain Injury(TBI). The patient will receive individualized audio guidance as they use articles of daily living and travel within their rehab facility. The patient carries a cellphone programmed with daily schedule and facility map. Talking Lights(TL) technology will enable ordinary lights to become location beacons while still providing satisfactory non- flickering iillumination. A small, lightweight receiver carried by the patient processes data from TL beacons to communicate location to the patients cellphone/computer. Articles of daily living are mesh networked with the patient and a central server to real-time, interactive guidance. The system has shown substantial benefit in improving patient travels and scheduling. This project will extend the capability to articles of daily living and will reduce size and weight, extend battery life and greatly enhance capability. Because the system uses existing lighting infrastructure and COTS cellphone, it is inexpensive and quick and easy to implement The system tracks and records patient location and activities and is used for tracking and safety monitoring even when the patient no longer needs audio guidance. It is suitable for acute care, post acute care and at home rehab.

APTIMA, INC. 12 Gill Street Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 496-2476 Robert McCormack OSD 08-H07 Awarded: 9/18/2008
Title:	Automated Knowledge Structuring of Medical Charts Data
Abstract:	Some major military health problems are caused or exacerbated by environmental factors. Gulf War Syndrome, reactions to Agent Orange, and other such problems tend to have diverse symptoms and delayed (and variable) latencies to onset. A major reason they are so difficult to identify, diagnose, and manage is capability shortfalls in military (and civilian) medical information systems. Linkages among systems are sub-optimal (although being vigorously pursued). Critically, tools do not exist that support the kinds of information analysis, extraction, and exploration required in current and future data sources. Aptima and its partner, the University of Colorado Computational Bioscience Program, propose to design (in Phase I) and develop (in Phase II) a toolset called Automated Structuring of Knowledge for Medical Extraction of Data (ASK-MED). ASK-MED will enable military medical professionals to find clinically-relevant patterns in data across various information systems. Our strategy avoids the technical tarpit of ontology alignment and instead integrates a powerful top-down, ontology-neutral knowledge-based method with bottom- up, domain-independent statistical language analysis technique. The solution will add value to existing informatics efforts, without requiring that all the surrounding institutional and technical problems be solved.

KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS, INC. 1408 University Drive East College Station, TX 77840
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(979) 260-5274 Madhav Erraguntla OSD 08-H07 Awarded: 9/30/2008
Title:	Environment, Epidemiology, and Etiology Surveillance and Analysis Toolkit (E3SAT)
Abstract:	The goal of this SBIR initiative is to design and develop an Environment, Epidemiology, and Etiology Surveillance and Analysis Toolkit (E3SAT) that will provide a research data cube and analysis tool suite to enable researchers to collect, integrate and data mine medical records, environmental exposures, and deployment locations. The data assembled will include medical records including signs, symptoms, diagnosis, orders, and outcomes (from AHLTA system), environmental issues (from DOEHRS system), and deployment profiles. The analysis supported includes environmental, epidemiological and etiological issues, causes and effects, discovery of correlations and causalities, and hypothesis testing. E3SAT will supplement the standard data available from AHLTA and DOEHRS with information retrieved from public sources on local and regional environmental patterns and with epidemiology information. It will accept inputs and annotations from Subject Matter Experts (SME) related to environmental data as well as hypotheses that need to be validated. E3SAT allows researchers and practitioners to interact seamlessly with the integrated analysis cube and for a time phased longitudinal view of individual records as well as latitudinal view across multiple soldiers. It allows for drill down into data supporting a discovered hypothesis, epidemiology, and pattern; or drilling up to view similar symptoms or environmental exposure cluster.

PROGENY SYSTEMS CORP. 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 368-6107 Gary Sikora OSD 08-H07 Awarded: 9/30/2008
Title:	Automated Knowledge Structuring of Medical Charts Data
Abstract:	We offer an Environmental Surveillance Framework that will have the ability to quickly run data filters over a consolidated set of medical charts to �raise red flags� and draw attention to anomalies used to help identify the onset or origin of changes in health functionally acting as diagnostic decision aids. The ability to trace results back to the original individual medical cases, for evaluators to create and edit filters so data can be evaluated in real or near real- time. The Environmental Surveillance Framework comprises three major components to extract, understand and access the data. The first component extracts and encodes narrative free text from databases such as AHLTA using natural language processing (NLP) with an ontology. The second component harmonizes extracted data elements with other databases and data sources such as environmental site locations (e.g. oil wells, land fills, etc.) and news feeds using an ontology to mediate different database constructs and datasets. The third component provides user interfaces and query tools. The architecture approach is to be non-invasive, so for example changes to the AHLTA system are not required, all we need is access to the knowledgebase.

TEKSOUTH CORP. 1420 Northbrook Drive Suite 220 Gardendale, AL 35071
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 554-4673 Stephen Lahanas OSD 08-H07 Awarded: 9/30/2008
Title:	Automated Knowledge Structuring of Medical Charts Data
Abstract:	The Personal and Group Healthcare Portfolio Concept represents a revolutionary shift in thinking about the architecture and solutions design for the next generation of Healthcare Management and Bio-Informatics systems. This proposal is dedicated upon the proposition that the only architectural approach that can accommodate the level of complexity likely to be associated with tomorrow�s healthcare challenges is one built around a �services� paradigm. A services oriented healthcare solution supports any number of federated data sources and allows for flexibility, agility and dynamic adaptability. Those services when viewed holistically and presented in contextual views represent Healthcare Portfolios � these are more than records , more than portals and more than single EHR systems. A Portfolio is a user-defined semantic context engine and analytics platform. The goal with our solution is not to hard-code all knowledge and outcomes within it but rather to build the solution so that it can be extended as needed. Medical knowledge is dynamic; new discoveries are made every day and massive amounts of data require analysis� both for individuals and entire populations. As our insights improve, we will need to have the ability to reapply them to existing knowledge. The Healthcare Portfolio framework delivers that capability.

VECNA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 5004 Lehigh Avenue College Park, MD 20740
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 998-5333 Alvin Ramsey OSD 08-H07 Awarded: 9/25/2008
Title:	Automated Knowledge Structuring of Medical Charts Data
Abstract:	Vecna proposes to develop a system with the ability to automatically process and filter through medical records to help identify anomalies and to aid in clinical decision support. The system will be able to automatically process individual as well as aggregate medical records, and the user interface to the system will conform with current clinical work flows and processes.

ARCHIEMD, INC. 1602 ALTON RD , SUITE 126 MIAMI BEACH , FL 33139
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(305) 981-4830 Robert Levine OSD 08-H08 Awarded: 9/24/2008
Title:	An Augmented Reality Training System for Treatment of Battlefield Injuries
Abstract:	ArchieMD, Inc. and Medical Education Technologies, Inc. (METI) propose to integrate ArchieMD�s multimedia medical education technology with METI�s patient simulator technology using mixed reality goggles. Using mixed reality goggles, 3D imagery will be superimposed over the view of the user. This will enable the user to get additional 3D didactic information while using the patient simulator. During Phase I, we will demonstrate the ability to superimpose 3D graphic simulations of tension pneumothorax over a METI mannequin shell. This SBIR project will demonstrate proof of concept of this revolutionary new teaching model.

CHI SYSTEMS, INC. 1035 Virginia Drive Suite 300 Fort Washington, PA 19034
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 277-9288 Jennifer Fowlkes OSD 08-H08 Awarded: 9/30/2008
Title:	Augmented Reality for Enhancing Combat Medic Skills Training (MedSkills)
Abstract:	Combat medics provide battlefield medical care under austere conditions and respond to traumas less frequently seen in civilian settings. CHI Systems, Inc. proposes to team with the Institute for Simulation and Training to address training for combat medics through the application of augmented reality technologies combined with manikins and immersive simulations. Specifically, in Phase I, we propose to establish the technical feasibility and training effectiveness of MedSkills, a pedagogically sound training system focused on training combat medics in levels of care that include care under fire, tactical field care and casualty evacuation � the �Golden Hour�. We will explore the use of augmented reality to enhance visualization of severe trauma and underlying physiological mechanisms and to support trainee performance (e.g., guide trainees, provide feedback). Phase I tasks include a cognitive task analysis to understand the competencies and knowledge requirements associated with combat medicine; a technology analysis to guide the application of augmented reality technologies to meet training requirements; and research conducted to evaluate the impact of augmented reality technologies on trainee understanding. In addition, in Phase I we will lay the groundwork for the successful development of MedSkills by planning for multi-phased development, evaluation, and transition in Phase II.

CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP. 727 Airport Boulevard Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 668-2567 Ronald Hay OSD 08-H08 Awarded: 9/30/2008
Title:	Augmented Reality Systems for Training Health Care Providers
Abstract:	During the Phase I period of this contract we will research and develop a Phase II development plan for creating an augmented reality serious game for medic training. Our primary technical research will focus on: � Dynamic augmented reality registration of deformable surface. � 3D Stereoscopic video and MRI/ultrasound augmented reality overlays. � Real-time occlusion tracking, particularly of the hands. � Medical gesture recognition for task completion. � User-generated, and open-source game content interfaces. � Novel scoring systems that account for the user�s behavior and react naturally. This scoring system requires a detailed understanding of what tasks should be completed at anytime, as well as team task behaviors. � Maintaining realistic haptic feedback for the simulation participants so as the augmented/virtual components of the simulation merge seamlessly with the real world. Working with the sponsor and our affiliates in the serious games, medical, and DoD domains we will: � Locate candidate groups for final testing and develop simulation validation techniques. � Research and attend and potentially publish at relevant industry conferences. � Discover potential customers for commercialization including customers in the private and DoD domains

TOUCH OF LIFE TECHNOLOGIES 12635 East Montview Boulevard Suite 100 Aurora, CO 80045
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(720) 859-4177 Ron Hightower OSD 08-H08 Awarded: 9/30/2008
Title:	Augmented Reality Systems for Training Health Care Providers
Abstract:	Responding to trauma cases effectively requires an understanding of underlying anatomy and pathologies. A training system can help develop a student's understanding by displaying the internal anatomy in a meaningful context--the context of an actual patient. Augmented Reality provides exactly this type of visualization, showing computer generated images in a real-world context. ToLTech proposes to enhance the effectiveness of mannequin-based training simulators with Augmented Reality, utilizing our experience in building and interacting with virtual anatomy.

APTIMA, INC. 12 Gill Street Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 496-2480 Jeffrey Beaubien OSD 08-H09 Awarded: 9/23/2008
Title:	The IMPACT Surgical Skills Trainer: Using Deliberate Practice to Maintain Specialized Surgical Knowledge and Skills During Deployments
Abstract:	While on deployment, many military surgeons spend the bulk of their time performing trauma surgery. Because combat deployments frequently average one full year, such prolonged lapses in practice can degrade specialized knowledge and skills. This becomes a major problem upon the surgeons� return stateside, when they are expected to resume their surgical specialty duties with little or no re-credentialing. The envisioned product of this SBIR is the IMPACTTM Surgical Skills Trainer, a deployable, SCORM-compliant training program that will help military surgeons maintain their specialty knowledge and skills. During Phase I, Aptima will conduct a cognitive task analysis (CTA) to identify the critical training needs. Next, Aptima will develop a fully-functional training program with a representative set of learning modules. Finally, Aptima will develop plans for evaluating IMPACTTM�s effectiveness during Phase II. During Phase II, Aptima will fully develop the remainder of the IMPACTTM training content and add new system functionality to enhance the learning experience. The end result will be a surgical training curriculum that is specifically designed to help deployed surgeons minimize specialized knowledge and skill decay.

ARCHIEMD, INC. 1602 ALTON RD , SUITE 126 MIAMI BEACH , FL 33139
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(305) 981-4830 Robert Levine OSD 08-H09 Awarded: 9/23/2008
Title:	A 3-D Multimedia Training System for Surgical Treatment Battlefield Orthopedic Injuries
Abstract:	Orthopedic injuries have comprised a majority of combat injuries in most recent conflicts. These orthopedic injuries are significantly different than those experienced in the civilian sector, making it difficult for military orthopedic surgeons to develop and sustain battlefield-relevant surgical skills. ArchieMD, Inc. proposes to develop a 3-D Multimedia Training System for Treatment Battlefield Orthopedic Injuries. This training system integrate visual 3-D computer models, video recording of the actual treatments, and an interactive virtual patient to develop a comprehensive, effective training tool for Army, Air Force, and Navy medical personnel. We believe this will be highly effective given the nature of both the visual component and the �hands on� component of medical education. The resultant system will include the input of subject-matter experts and be rigorously evaluated to determine its didactic value throughout the development process.

SIMQUEST, LLC 1010 Wayne Avenue, Suite 940 Silver Spring, MD 20910
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 587-9440 Howard Champion OSD 08-H09 Awarded: 9/30/2008
Title:	Advanced Distributed Learning in Support of the Maintenance of Certification (MOC) of Surgical Skills
Abstract:	Maintenance of certification and clinical competence for deployed military medical personnel presents formidable challenges. SimQuest, a small business with an established track record in innovative technology-assisted educational approaches and products, will successfully link the military medical personnel requiring maintenance of competence in general surgery and their hierarchy with the certifying organization, the American Board of Surgery (ABS), to develop a credible plan for innovative approaches to sustaining and maintaining competence while deployed and upon reinsertion into continental United States (CONUS) practice following deployment. A detailed assessment of specific end-user needs and constraints will guide the development of a plan that can be accepted by the certifying agency. An advanced distributed learning (ADL), adult student-centered, case scenario-based product involving intelligent tutoring and assessment will be proposed with various components tuned to specific end-user needs. An �open� platform will enable game-based, compelling contributions from various sources. This platform will be designed to be integrated with other CME and recertifying initiatives, particularly those that are being proposed in conjunction with the ABS and with SimQuest�s surgical skills training assessment platform.

SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, INC. PO Box 2608 Springfield, VA 22152
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(253) 678-5151 Mark Hickey OSD 08-H09 Awarded: 9/30/2008
Title:	Advanced Distributed Learning in Support of the Maintenance of Certification (MOC) of Surgical Skills
Abstract:	The rapid increase in the growth of surgical knowledge and the introduction of new technologies have made the idea of giving a written recertification examination every ten years to measure surgical skill competency seem archaic and inadequate. A new set of requirements that physicians must adhere to in order to maintain their certification status started in 2005. The new program is called ABMS Maintenance of Certification� (abbreviated MOC). In MOC, there is a requirement to continuously participate in learning, self-assessment, and practice improvement. Satisfying this aspect of MOC is very difficult for military surgeons deployed outside CONUS who do not have access to traditional learning environments like professional meetings and courses. Using an innovative mix of reusable intelligent tutoring functions, comprehensive analysis, adaptive learning approaches, engaging learning content, Advanced Distributed Learning strategies, and American Board of Surgery approved medical curriculum, SEI seeks to demonstrate a commercially viable solution that enables surgical personnel to engage in lifelong learning to gain clinical knowledge and skills within their specialty while in deployed status.

TOUCH OF LIFE TECHNOLOGIES 12635 East Montview Boulevard Suite 100 Aurora, CO 80045
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(720) 859-4178 Karl Reinig OSD 08-H09 Awarded: 9/30/2008
Title:	Advanced Distributed Learning in Support of the Maintenance of Certification (MOC) of Surgical Skills
Abstract:	Deployed surgeons spend long periods of time isolated from their normal practice. This adds the difficulty of maintaining their specialized skills to the long list of hardships and further complicates their return. ToLTech proposes to combine the considerable wealth of electronic resources that the AAOS has to offer with web-based virtual surgeries to produce a compelling skills development and retention program accessible anywhere in the world. While this effort will focus on maintenance of orthopaedic surgical skills, the basic technologies to be developed and demonstrated during this effort will be applicable to all surgical specialties.

ACREE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1980 Olivera Road Suite D Concord, CA 94520
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 798-5770 Jeff Brown OSD 08-H10 Awarded: 9/22/2008
Title:	Diamond-like Carbon Coatings on Polymers
Abstract:	The purpose of this proposal is to demonstrate the effectiveness of an innovative multilayer scratch, abrasion, and ballistic impact resistant protective coating for eyewear that uses a Diamond-Like-Carbon (DLC) coating as the topcoat. The design consists of an optically thick buffer layer that is first deposited on the polycarbonate that has a refractive index closely matched to that of the polycarbonate substrate. This layer provides an optically transparent and mechanically resilient �foundation� and substantially improves the load bearing capability of the plastic substrate. The optical index match allows the coating thickness to be adjusted to maximize mechanical performance without affecting the optical performance. This thick buffer layer is then followed with a series of thinner layers including a DLC top-coat to provide excellent scratch, abrasion and ballistic impact resistance. The additional layers between the DLC and buffer layer allow improved optical performance by impedance matching the layer structure to air. The result of this optimized layer structure is a dramatically improved wear resistance, including abrasive and impact, when compared to the current polycarbonate lenses with scratch resistant AR coatings. The coating can be applied inexpensively in Acree�s Large Volume Coater (LVC).

NANOSONIC, INC. P.O. Box 618 Christiansburg, VA 24068
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 953-1785 Vince Baranauskas OSD 08-H10 Awarded: 9/22/2008
Title:	Ballistic Resistant, Environmentally Robust Hybrid Polysiloxane Nanocomposites as Optically Transparent Protective Coatings for Polycarbonate Protective Equipment
Abstract:	The objective of this Phase I SBIR program is to design, synthesize and qualify innovative optically transparent ballistic and abrasion resistant hybrid polysiloxane nanocomposites for use as protective coatings on polycarbonate protective equipment. Researchers will synergistically combine the molecular mobility, impact durability and mechanical strength of hybrid polysiloxane copolymers with the abrasion resistance of reinforcing metal oxide nanoparticles to afford novel protective coatings that enhance the high velocity impact resistance, strength and abrasion resistance of polycarbonate equipment. The proposed copolymer coatings will be an extension of NanoSonic�s blast / flame protective polysiloxane coatings that have demonstrated 1) V50 values > 4,000 ft/s to 3/8� A36 steel panels (MIL-STD-662F), 2) multiple shot protection from 0.50 cal rounds and 3) exceptional flame resistance. Of particular interest, NanoSonic�s hybrid polysiloxane protective materials have demonstrated a 53% V50 enhancement over uncoated steel panels and a 43% V50 improvement over currently employed polyurea protective coatings. NanoSonic specializes in the coating of polycarbonate substrates and has previously developed optically transparent multifunctional abrasion resistant coatings for NAVAIR aircraft canopies. During this program, researchers will leverage this technology and NanoSonic�s recently developed hybrid polysiloxane coatings to produce innovative optically transparent, abrasion resistant antiballistic coatings for polycarbonate equipment.

SURMET CORP. 31 B Street Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 345-5770 Suri A. Sastri OSD 08-H10 Awarded: 9/18/2008
Title:	High Strength, Durable Coating Technology for Application to Polymer Based Eye Protection Gears
Abstract:	Surmet Corporation proposes to explore its plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD) based hard coating treatment to produce transparent coated polymer substrates for protective soldier eyewear products. We will design, develop and test proprietary hard coatings on polycarbonate to exhibit good adhesion, scratch and abrasion resistance, transparency and durability under harsh environment loading such as humidity, temperature cycling, UV exposure and dust/sand erosion. Additionally, toughness and ballistic performance of the coated specimens will be determined for comparison to the baseline uncoated polycarbonate substrate. Scientists at Surmet have long been involved in development, application of hard diamond-like-carbon (DLC) based and other composite coatings for number of material surfaces, and have a proven record of achieving desired results. Surmet has substantial experience in developing and commercializing coatings technologies. In this SBIR program, Phase I will prove feasibility and effectiveness of our technology, Phase II will optimize materials and processes, and prove repeatability in performance of coated articles along with scale-up to full-scale size.

SYSTEMS & MATERIALS RESEARCH CORP. 1300 West Koenig Lane Suite 230 Austin, TX 78756
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 535-7791 Denise Deppe OSD 08-H10 Awarded: 9/19/2008
Title:	Diamond-like Carbon Coatings on Polymers
Abstract:	Transparent armor is an important piece of equipment for the war fighter in today's dangerous battlefields. With advances in weaponry, more ballistic resistant transparent armor is needed to keep our soldiers safe. SMRC proposes a clay-polymer nanocomposite coating to help increase the ballistic protection and abrasion resistance of current transparent armor solutions while maintaining optical clarity. The proposed coating, applied via layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly, is advantageous over more traditional methods in that it can be deposited at room temperature with a simple dip-rinse- repeat process. Preliminary experiments show a 5 % increase in V50 ballistic limit for a 6 clay-polymer bilayer coating deposited on polycarbonate when compared to neat polycarbonate. Additional layers and other polymers are expected to give an even better response. PPG Aerospace's Transparent Armor and Specialty Products Division has expressed interest in developing this coating technology.

---------- DARPA ----------

260 Phase I Selections from the 08.2 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

AEgis Technologies Group, Inc. 631 Discovery Drive Huntsville, AL 35806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 922-0802 Milan Buncick DARPA 08-001 Awarded: 4/29/2009
Title:	Nonlinear Plasmonic Devices
Abstract:	Surface plasmons (SPs) have been studied by a wide spectrum of scientists, ranging from physicists, chemists and materials scientists to biologists. Plasmonics represents an opportunity to develop a new class of photonic devices by concentrating and channeling light using subwavelength structures. Such circuits would first convert light into SPs, which would then propagate and be processed by logic elements, before being converted back into light. When embedded in dielectric materials the circuitry used to propagate SPs can also be used to carry electrical signals. Combining plasmonic-based photonic circuits with electronic circuits can lead to very high speed communications and computing capability. The objective of this proposal is to: (1) develop plasmonic structures that use local field enhancement to create nonlinear effects in electro optic (EO) polymers to investigate the plasmons/EO interaction as a function of device shape and (2) develop plasmonic optical devices using plasmonic structures and EO materials. In order to take advantage of the EO properties of the polymer, we will design and build plasmonic devices with resonant properties in the MWIR and NIR wavebands. The plasmonic devices will be designed and fabricated to optimize local field enhancement to stimulate the non-linear response of the EO material.

Convergent Solutions 5218 Theresa Way Livermore, CA 94550
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 455-1642 Edward Kansa DARPA 08-001 Awarded: 5/19/2009
Title:	Nonlinear Plasmonic Devices by Magnetic Nano-Assembly
Abstract:	The proposed project will advance the physical principles and engineering concepts of compact nonlinear plasmonic devices. Magnetic nano-manufacturing of nanoparticle superstructures is proposed as a new platform for a broad range of nonlinear plasmonic devices such as all-optical switches, optical limiters, optical frequency converters, and others. Specific and verifiable advantages of our approach are as follows: (i) A broad and commercially viable manufacturing platform for the analysis, design and fabrication of various nonlinear plasmonic devices, including the specific device explored in Phase I: Nonlinear Non-reciprocal (One-Way) Optical Waveguide. (ii) Although the focus of the project is on devices, the proposed technological platform is also suitable for nano- fabrication of optical metamaterials, including ones with nonlinear characteristics. (iii) Inexpensive, and yet precise, assembly of complex nanoparticle superstructures that provide strong plasmonic field enhancement. (iv) Generality: particles of any kind (plasmonic, non-plasmonic, polymer, etc.) can be assembled in a reliable and reproducible way. Nano-assembly can be performed on surfaces (patterned or non-patterned) and/or in the bulk. (v) Advanced simulation techniques for the optical fields of plasmonic structures. Phase I involves innovative R&D devoted to feasibility analysis of compact nonlinear plasmonic devices with sizes compatible with electronic circuitry. We will optimize the design of a specific ultra-compact nonlinear plasmonic device � a Nonlinear Optical Diode, and will evaluate its potential photonic and electronic characteristics. We will demonstrate the feasibility of experimental assembly of such a device. In Phase II, design and material parameters of specific devices proposed in Phase I will be finalized. A prototype, ultra-compact plasmonic device will be fabricated and experimental observations will be conducted. Performance of the plasmonic device will be evaluated. A plan for future R&D and commercialization will be finalized and imple-mented.

ITN Energy Systems, Inc. 8130 Shaffer Parkway Littleton, CO 80127
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 285-5154 Russell Hollingsworth DARPA 08-001 Awarded: 9/2/2009
Title:	Plasmonic Enhanced Raman Sensors
Abstract:	This Small Business Innovation Research program will develop engineered substrates for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy using novel plasmonic resonant cavities sensitive to linear polarization over a narrow wavelength range. Raman spectroscopy can identify a wide range of contaminants, including chemical/biological warfare agents, explosives, natural toxins in drinking water, and waste products requiring environmental clean-up. Detailed performance predictions will be obtained through finite element modeling (FEM) of the harmonic Maxwell�s equations. The FEM provides detailed field information, including E field, B field, energy density, and time dependent information with subwavelength resolution, which greatly aids in understanding the underlying physical mechanisms. Test structures will be made using well established nanofabrication facilities, and characterized with spectral and polarization sensitive far field techniques. Raman enhancement factors will be measured using molecules with well characterized cross sections.

Nanohmics, Inc 6201 East Oltorf St. Suite 400 Austin, TX 78741
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 389-9990 Steve Savoy DARPA 08-001 Awarded: 6/4/2009
Title:	Nonlinear Plasmonic Devices
Abstract:	Over the past fifty years, technological advancements in the microelectronics industry have been astounding. As a result of this success, today�s microfabricated devices are inexpensive, can be produced in large volumes, and can be fabricated with billions of sub-100 nm logic elements as small area microchips. Further increases in computational density will require even more innovation, as fundamental limitations in semiconductor lithography are approached. One strong candidate for continued miniaturization is the integration of optical signals with electronics at the transistor level. It is widely believed that the complete integration of electronics and photonics on a sub-micron scale will be accomplished in the near future. Optical signals offer an almost unlimited bandwidth and low loss, and therefore, it is highly desirable to couple optics and electronics at the wafer level to develop novel logic device architectures. However, the natural spatial scale of light determined by its diffraction is at least an order of magnitude larger than that of a typical electronic component (e.g., a transistor). As a consequence, diffraction of light is the major obstacle to a variety of applications requiring concentrating optical energy in a small volume: light simply cannot be confined to dimensions much smaller than half of its wavelength. To fulfill the need for such a device, Nanohmics Inc. and Drs. Gennady Shvets and Alex Demkov at The University of Texas at Austin propose to develop an optically gated Ponderomotive Effect Transistor (PET) consisting of a plasmonic antenna placed in the gate area. The plasmonic antenna concentrates the intensity of the otherwise broadly focused laser beam in the gate region and locally modifies the band structure of the electrons and holes.

Ultimara 500 Mansion Ct. Suite 307 Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 663-0081 Salah Khodja DARPA 08-001 Awarded: 4/2/2009
Title:	Nonlinear Plasmonic Devices
Abstract:	We propose to develop ultra compact nonlinear plasmonic devices for optical interconnect compatible with the electronic circuitry. In our proposal, we will employ engineered metallic nanostructures that combine energy concentration by plasmonic lenses and retardation-based plasmonic resonances to even further boost the efficiency of materials exhibiting frequency conversion. These nonlinear plasmonic devices will offer a tremendous improvement in size and performance to overcome the limitation of traditional integrated optical components for optical interconnect. In fact, the mode volumes can be reduced orders of magnitude below the wavelength. The unique optical properties of metallic nanostructures provide an unparalleled ability to concentrate light into small volumes and enable realization of the smallest possible, low-power, nonlinear optical components. The proposed metallic nanostructures will find application in low power frequency conversion devices and similar structures may be used for compact switching, modulation and limiting. This is the first time to our knowledge such a nonlinear plasmonic devices is proposed. The proposed nonlinear plasmonic devices is expected to alleviate the problems associated with the large size of present day optical components and provide an optimal solution for the optical interconnect.

Adsys Controls, Inc. 2110 Artesia Blvd Suite 623 Redondo Beach, CA 90278
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 493-7643 Brian Goldberg DARPA 08-002 Awarded: 8/12/2009
Title:	Autonomous Detection, Acquisition, Pointing, and Tracking of Small UAVs
Abstract:	Enemy forces are accelerating their use of small, inexpensive, hard-to-detect UAVs, threatening the US intelligence advantage and putting our forces at risk. The need is clear to implement a counter-measure to the proliferation of small enemy UAVs. Use of a High Energy Laser (HEL) to deny the small UAV mission has been identified as a viable technique, but initial detection and tracking of these vehicles is a challenge. The Adsys Controls team proposes an innovative system solution, employing a modular, full 3600 surveillance subsystem utilizing redundant acoustic and optical sensing methodologies to cover the broad spectrum of potential threats. A beam control subsystem will deliver the HEL beam to the target aimpoint. To meet the demanding technical objectives, Adsys Controls has assembled a team including Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp and Bruel & Kjaer, both of whom are industry leaders in optical and acoustic sensing systems, respectively. In the Phase I effort, Adsys will perform a requirements flowdown, develop the surveillance and beam control designs, simulate performance, and demonstrate feasibility by identification of vendors to supply key components. The Phase I activity will include Phase II program planning, which would conclude with a prototype system being built and tested.

Aerophysics, Inc. 2521 7 Mile Point Rd Allouez, MI 49805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(906) 370-2376 Jason Sommerville DARPA 08-002 Awarded: 6/30/2009
Title:	Peregrine Airspace Protection System for Denying Small UAV Intrusion
Abstract:	Aerophysics, Raytheon Missile Systems, and Michigan Tech Research Institute (MTRI) have teamed to provide an innovative solution that will detect, track, and neutralize small UAVs. The system, termed Peregrine, is a RADAR-cued active/passive IR countermeasure based on the Quiet Eyes turret from Raytheon. Peregrine will use unique RADAR signal processing techniques to ID the Doppler return of small rotating propellers on UAVs despite weak traditional RADAR cross sections. Automated detection algorithms will be developed to surpress RADAR false alarms and identify targets for handoff to the electro-optic Quiet Eyes unit. The Quiet Eyes turret is a roll-nod gimbaled IR camera outfitted with a laser telescope sharing the beam line with the imager. The laser can be used to illuminate the target, provide range and geometry information via LIDAR, and jam/neutralize the sensors/airframe of a small UAV. The proposing team combines the capabilities of a university, a small innovative business, and a proven aerospace/defense manufacturing company. The blend of expertise will provide not only an effective system design but also the ability to transition the design into deployable hardware in a minimum amount of time.

KalScott Engineering, Inc. PO Box 3426 Lawrence, KS 66046
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(785) 979-1113 Tom Sherwood DARPA 08-002 Awarded: 6/23/2009
Title:	Autonomous Detection, Acquisition, Pointing, and Tracking of Small UAVs
Abstract:	The need to detect and track small aerial targets is identified. An approach to use a unique radar front-end sensor is described, which provides the initial detection capability. The data from the sensor is used to cue a high-speed, highly accurate pointing and tracking system with a Coude path capability. In Phase I, the system design will be completed. In Phase II, build-out and system testing will be undertaken. A strong industry and academic team is in place to execute this project.

KalScott Engineering, Inc. PO Box 3426 Lawrence, KS 66046
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(785) 979-1113 Tom Sherwood DARPA 08-002 Awarded: 6/18/2009
Title:	Autonomous Detection, Acquisition, Pointing, and Tracking of Small UAVs
Abstract:	The need to detect and track small aerial targets is identified. An approach to use a unique passive radar front-end sensor is described, which provides the initial detection capability. The data from the sensor is used to cue a high-speed, highly accurate pointing and tracking system with a Coude path capability. In Phase I, the system design will be completed. In Phase II, build-out and system testing will be undertaken. A strong industry and academic team is in place to execute this project.

Oceanit Laboratories, Inc. Oceanit Center 828 Fort Street Mall, Suite 600 Honolulu, HI 96813
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 564-9610 Robert Swanson DARPA 08-002 Awarded: 4/29/2009
Title:	Autonomous Detection, Acquisition, Pointing, and Tracking of Small UAVs
Abstract:	The use of UAVs has rapidly increased in the last several years. Commercially available technology has provided a means for exposing military and civilian personnel to advanced threats. The radar cross-sections of these platforms has also been drastically reduced through the use of composites. Oceanit proposes an electro-optical system to identify, track, small UAVs under 1-meter wingspan with sufficient accuracy to direct a high power laser to neutralize threat UAVs and their sensors. The system will provide 50 microradian pointing accuracy for small UAVs at ranges greater than 1 kilometer.

Science and Engineering Services, Inc. 6992 Columbia Gateway Drive Suite 200 Columbia, MD 21046
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(443) 539-1717 Jack Bufton DARPA 08-002 Awarded: 6/16/2009
Title:	Lidar-Assisted Detection, Acquisition, Pointing, and Tracking of Small UAVs
Abstract:	An elastic backscatter lidar operating at a covert wavelength in the ultraviolet can be employed to perform high-precision three-dimensional pointing and tracking of small UAV targes in a tactical environment. Imaging of the rapidly pulsing lidar beam will control the airspace by acquiring a hard target return from any solid object in the airspace above a threshold that is well-below the cross-section of even a very small UAV. Detection of targets by wide-field and narrow-field passive optical sensors in the proposed sensor will hand-off to auto-tracking based on the lidar return. Boresighted imagery of the passive sensors will be used during both daytime and nighttime to confirm detection and destruction of the small UAV. The lidar beam and its imaging is solar blind. A coude optical system in the idar telescope mount will serve for laser beam weapon delivery. It is boresighted to the lidar and passive optical sensors.

Systems & Processes Engineering Corporat 6800 Burleson Road Building 320 Austin, TX 78744
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 479-7734 Bradley Sallee DARPA 08-002 Awarded: 6/10/2009
Title:	Small UAV Tracking
Abstract:	Systems & Processes Engineering Corporation (SPEC) proposes LADAR system to detect, acquire, declare, point and track a small UAV at a range over 1Km in heavy weather. The system consists of a pair of LADARs drawing heavily on SPECs LADAR family, using SPEC��s LADAR ROIC, which captures the laser response waveform of the first three objects in range. One LADAR is optimized for search mode, continually scanning 2�� steradian, mapping fixed and slow moving objects, detecting moving objects and establishing trajectories. This LADAR will use large pixels (1.4mr), 10cm optical aperture and a bar shaped laser beam to rapidly search of the hemispherical area. The threat trajectory is handed off to the tracking LADAR. This LADAR uses SPECs EDFA transceiver with DWDM pixel processing, allowing extremely small pixels, 50 micro radian, and perfect transmitter / receiver alignment. This LADAR will use a small hexagonal close pack pixel array, quick search to establish track, and then use the array to maintain a FOR (Field of Regard) track. The track LADAR is configured for a high power beam to be directed by the same optics toward the target as a kill mechanism.

STI Optronics 2755 Northup Way Bellevue, WA 98004
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(425) 827-0460 Wayne Kimura DARPA 08-003 Awarded: 3/31/2009
Title:	Ultrashort-Pulse CO2 Laser for Remote Sensing
Abstract:	A CO2 laser with subnanosecond pulse duration and high pulse energy will be developed for double-resonance remote sensing lidar applications. An innovative technique for generating the ultrashort laser pulses will be utilized. A detailed conceptual design will be made during Phase I and a prototype laser will be fabricated and tested during Phase II.

Luna Innovations Incorporated 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 769-8400 Guoqing Shen DARPA 08-004 Awarded: 6/11/2009
Title:	A Compact Femtosecond Pulse Expander with Tunable Expanding Ratio and Wavelength
Abstract:	A major problem of existing pulse expanders is that each of them was designed for a certain expanding ratio at a certain wavelength. When the laser wavelength or pulse duration is changed the optical components of the systems require precise readjustment, which are extremely inconvenient and time consuming. Luna proposes a novel approach, which is designed specifically for easy alignment and insensitivity to misalignment to achieve the desired pulse duration and wavelength changes, and the approach avoids the use of complex and expansive optical components to reduce complexity and cost. This proposed pulse expander can expand an ultrashort pulse to a longer duration pulse in a time range from several hundred femtoseconds to nanoseconds with adjustable wavelength and reshaping capability. In Phase I, a complete theoretical model of the pulse expander will be developed and will be used to guide future implementation of a prototype during Phase II. The performance of the prototype will be characterized and optimized during Phase III. A complete system is expected to be produced and delivered by the end of Phase III.

Mesa Photonics, LLC 174 Galisteo Lane Santa Fe, NM 87505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 401-5271 Daniel Kane DARPA 08-004 Awarded: 3/10/2009
Title:	Femtosecond UV Laser Pulse Expander
Abstract:	The UV portion of the spectrum is gaining interest for military applications both for its unique spectral window for remote sensing and for the identification of targets such as trace amounts of explosives, chem/bio agents, and toxic chemicals. Powerful, fieldable laser sources are required for most sensing applications. Ultrafast lasers represent a unique capability because pulse widths are short, and can be varied from less than 100 fs to over 1 ns by simply dispersing the pulse in time using commonly used stretcher/compressor technology used in ultrafast amplifiers. However, because ultrafast amplifiers are mostly used at IR wavelengths, stretcher/compressor technology has been optimized for these wavelength regions. Ideally, and because different chemical and biological processes occur on various sub-nanosecond time scales, the pulse width should be variable in order to optimize the detection of the material of interest. The variability in pulse width also allows the incident energy on target to be easily and predictably varied. Consequently, the pulse width adjustment must be agile over a range of pulse widths. This Phase I effort is designed to demonstrate feasibility of agile stretcher technology that can change UV ultrafast laser characteristics rapidly for UV remote sensing needs.

RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC 13428 Beach Ave Marina Del Rey, CA 90292
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 822-5845 Rodion Tikhoplav DARPA 08-004 Awarded: 4/2/2009
Title:	Femtosecond UV Laser Pulse Expander
Abstract:	This project will develop a highly flexible, robust, fieldable UV pulse stretcher: the Digital UltraViolet Stretcher (DUVS). The proposed device will accept laser pulses such as those generated from a frequency doubled or tripled Ti:S laser, and produce user-selectable pulse lengths and profiles. The DUVS will be a turn-key, fieldable, optical sub-system featuring high reliability, high optical efficiency, and rapid computer control. The DUVS system will include a suite of optical diagnostics to monitor the functioning of the system as well as the optical output.

Mustang Technology Group, L.P. 400 W. Bethany Suite 110 Allen, TX 75013
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(972) 396-4421 Ronald Persson DARPA 08-005 Awarded: 4/14/2009
Title:	Low Cost Radar Receivers
Abstract:	Mustang proposes to use its low-cost radar philsophy to develop a low-cost active seeker for low cost weapons. Based upon an existing Mustang seeker design, this system will meet the cost goals of this program while still providing excellent performance to a wide range of weapons.

Agiltron Corporation 15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Matthew Erdtmann DARPA 08-006 Awarded: 4/28/2009
Title:	Lilliputian Thermal Camera
Abstract:	The Agiltron lilliputian thermal camera implements a revolutionary approach to thermal imaging. Based on our company�s proven photomechanical IR imaging technology, we separate the IR focal plane array (FPA) from the readout integrated circuitry (ROIC), which allows ubiquitous yet highly-functional CMOS imagers to serve as the ROIC. The disruptive, modular design of the Agiltron lilliputian thermal camera can uniquely meet the DARPA requirements for ultra-low size, weight, and power (SWAP) and wide field of view (FOV). The successful completion of this program will result in the smallest, lightest, and most efficient thermal camera ever demonstrated.

NanoSonic, Inc. P.O. Box 618 Christiansburg, VA 24068
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 953-1785 Richard Claus DARPA 08-006 Awarded: 4/29/2009
Title:	Self-Assembled Materials for Lightweight IR Cameras
Abstract:	This program would investigate new lightweight imaging and detection materials for use in IR imaging systems for UAVs. During Phase I, infrared wavelength metamaterials and quantum nanocluster detector arrays would be designed, and experimental prototypes fabricated and analyzed. Material and device synthesis would be performed using modified electrostatic self-assembly (ESA) processing. ESA has been used through prior work to manufacture vertically multilayered and two-dimensionally patterned materials and devices having controlled multiple constitutive properties. Of importance here, these materials include highly conductive and optically transparent free-standing sheet materials, and visible wavelength photodetector elements and arrays. To form IR metamaterials, sub-wavelength dimensioned resonant electrically conducting segments would be formed from sparse arrays of discrete metal nanoclusters. Electron transport in such segments occurs by quantum mechanical electron hopping rather than conventional drift field mechanisms such as in bulk metal conductors; NanoSonic�s Metal Rubber� is an example of a material that exhibits such behavior. IR detector arrays would be fabricated using semiconductor quantum dot elements effectively biased at the conductivity percolation threshold through control of materials processing. Measurements of IR material and device properties, and analysis of their combination in IR imaging systems, would be used to downselect the optimal process for further development.

Physical Optics Corporation Information Technologies Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Alexander Naumov DARPA 08-006 Awarded: 1/26/2009
Title:	Liquid Crystal Infrared (LC-IR) Microcamera
Abstract:	To address the DARPA interest in extremely lightweight, low-power thermal microcameras for use on microvehicles, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new liquid crystal infrared (LC-IR) microcamera, highly sensitive in the thermal waveband, requiring no cooling, and with high resolution and uniformity. The proposed system is based on three POC innovations: (1) new implementation of liquid crystal (LC) resonance absorption at 3.5-9.9 microns; (2) novel use of exponential sensitivity of LC rotational viscosity to temperature, monitored by capacitance variation of LC FPA pixels; and (3) novel use of active thermostabilization through leakage current, expanding the low temperature operating range. LC FPA fabrication is based on mature display technology compatible with standard integrated circuit processes, and has the advantages of reliability, low power consumption, small-size, low weight and cost, and compatibility with commercially available integrated readout circuits supporting low- voltage differential signaling standards. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of our approach with a LC-IR microcamera prototype operating with 1 x 32 pixel focal plane array over a wide temperature range. In Phase II POC will develop a LC-IR microcamera prototype suitable for the Wasp microair vehicle.

Advanced Brain Monitoring 2237 Faraday Ave. Suite 100 Carlsbad, CA 92008
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 720-0099 Chris Berka DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 3/5/2009
Title:	Streamlined Neurotechnology for Operational Applications
Abstract:	Advanced Brain Monitoring (ABM) developed patented low cost, easy-to-use, portable systems to monitor and interpret physiological signals, including the brain''s electrical activity (EEG) and cardiac activity. These technologies can be applied in real-time or off- line and have proven useful in quantifying the changes in alertness, learning and memory associated with sleep deprivation in healthy subjects and as a biobehavioral assay for identifying vulnerability to the effects of sleep deprivation. The wireless EEG system proved valid, robust and reliable in over 1000 human subject studies conducted to date, however, there are features of the current design that continue to limit the widespread adoption of the technologies. The goal of this project is to create the next generation system, incorporating innovative state-of-the-art materials and design concepts to address the needs of current and future customers. A custom designed flexible circuit will allow multiple options to be evaluated for EEG scalp-sensor interface that can provide a continuous secure contact over hair without causing discomfort to the user. The electronic components of the wireless headset will be further miniaturized and housed in an enclosure that is suitable for location on different regions of the head.

Advanced Brain Monitoring 2237 Faraday Ave. Suite 100 Carlsbad, CA 92008
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 720-0099 Chris Berka DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 4/20/2009
Title:	Novel Neurotherapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Abstract:	The recent military buildup in Iraq and Afghanistan with its associated stressors of warfare have resulted in a significant increase in new cases of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Sleep disturbances comprise prominent features of PTSD and have been suggested to have a pathogenic role in the disease. PTSD is characterized by disinhibition of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep including decreased REM latency and increased REM density. The proposed system will be designed to characterize sleep abnormalities, optimize interventions, and apply novel neurotherapy. The goal for treating PTSD is to restructure the sleep staging to achieve more normal sleep. The rationale derives from research demonstrating that therapeutic sleep deprivation leads to an immediate amelioration of depression. The clinical utility of this procedure is limited due to the fact that the improvement usually subsides after a night of sleep and the difficulty of implementation of the protocols in the sleep laboratory. The team will design and evaluate a system that automatically scores and stages sleep in real-time with the goal of awakening the patient whenever abnormal sleep is identified. The investigators hypothesize that the system will achieve clinical outcome results comparable to that of TSD with a therapy that is practical and achievable.

Advanced Powder Solutions, Inc 14102 Halprin Creek Drive Cypress, TX 77429
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(661) 373-1729 Dean Baker DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 7/25/2009
Title:	Novel Materials For Mulitple Platforms
Abstract:	Novel materials will be needed to help all programs within the DoD. The objective of this Phase I is to demonstrate multi-functional composites that are low cost and lightweight for multiple applications. Phase I will be about fabrication and characterization of the lightweight materials. APS has many Phase I supporters to aid transition the mew materials to Phase II. Phase II will continue the testing and characterization of these materials.

ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH CORP. 6650 Eli Whitney Drive Suite 400 Columbia, MD 21046
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(443) 766-7888 Jack Goeller DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 12/19/2008
Title:	Establishing Cavitation as a Damage Mechanism for Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) from an Improvised Explosive Device (IED) Blast
Abstract:	The leading risk facing our soldiers in Iraq is an improvised explosive device (IED). IED attacks on vehicles create an extreme shock environment that has been linked to Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). While the damage mechanisms that cause TBI remain elusive, several researchers have speculated that the damage mechanisms of stress and strain associated with non-war-related TBI may not sufficiently address IED induced TBI. It may, in fact, involve a third damage mechanism: cavitation. The objective of this research is to develop the mathematical tools to predict these damage mechanisms. Advanced Technology and Research Corporation will collaborate with Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory in developing a finite-element model of the head/brain. The dynamic response of the head/brain model to IED events will be computed using the DYSMAS hydrocode. Stress and strain contours predicted over the duration of the response will be examined for potential damage mechanisms including cavitation. Positively identifying the damage mechanism for TBI will directly impact the health care needs of current and future military personnel. By understanding the cause(s) of TBI, engineers and medical researchers can continue their collaboration to develop mitigation devices and cut medical costs by reducing the number and severity of TBI casualties.

Applied Nanomaterials 1951 Latham Street, Apartment 1 Mountain View, CA 94040
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(510) 520-5105 Yanfeng Zhang DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 6/16/2009
Title:	Advanced Development for Defense Science and Technology
Abstract:	Precise location control and patterned growth of sub-22 nano meter nano materials have long been central challenges in semiconductor nano material growth, highlighted in the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (2007). We propose to combine a modified optical trapping technology with the metal catalyzed nano material chemical vapor deposition growth system to resolve these challenges. We modify the conventional optical trapping technology to heat the nano metal catalyst particles into liquid droplets and to trap and move these melted droplets towards the center of the trapping laser beam. Then nano materials growth can be catalyzed and initialized in the pre-determined locations precisely. To grow sub-22nm nano materials, we introduce a pre-growth evaporation process to shrink the size of nano metal droplets. We also use time sharing and other parallel trapping techniques for nano material patterned growth with applications to the silicon-germanium material system.

Aptima, Inc. 12 Gill Street Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 496-2437 Webb Stacy DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 5/5/2009
Title:	Cognitive Patterns: An Architecture for Distributed Control of ChemBots
Abstract:	A key challenge to the future deployment of DARPA�s Chemical Robots (ChemBots) ChemBots is a system for controlling them that operates in a distributed fashion. There are three primary requirements: 1) its distributed nature must be transparent to the user; 2) it must exploit local acting and sensing capabilities while maintaining a global common operational picture; and 3) it must be robust to attrition. We propose to use this insight to create an agent architecture called Cognitive Patterns that integrates top-down and bottom-up approaches in a way that is very natural for humans yet very useful for ChemBots. Cognitive Patterns take a formal approach to describing the top-down information that humans use to understand and act in the world, and to combining that information with information in the sensed world in such a way that all participants, automated or human, share context. The use of single Cognitive Patterns for distributed control, as well as the use of libraries of Cognitive Patterns and the real-time, interactive or automated creation of new Cognitive Patterns, will be explored.

Edward Pope DR (DBA MATECH Advanced Mate 31304 Via Colinas, Suite 102 Westlake Village, CA 91362
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 991-8500 Kenneth Kratsch DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 4/9/2009
Title:	Revolutionary 5000F Zero-Erosion Super-Insulating TPS Materials for DOD Weapon Systems
Abstract:	In this DARPA Phase I SBIR program, MATECH/GSM proposes to demonstrate its revolutionary low cost, high temperature ceramic fiber and fiber processing technologies for non ablative structural TPS systems. These TPS systems will be required for the next generation of high supersonic vehicles, such as RATTLRS and hypersonic vehicles such as Black Swift. For long duration sustained flight, thermal management becomes a critical design issue in addition to bending stiffness and thermal shock. Traditional organic composites are not suitable for sustained temperatures at high supersonic speeds. Non ablative high temperature materials must be developed to enable the next generation of sustained ultra high speed vehicles. MATECH/GSM (MG) has developed novel, low cost preceramic polymers and processing technologies for producing ceramic fibers and formed ceramic fiber components. These ceramic fibers, depending on preceramic polymer chemistry, offer service temperatures ranging from 2400�F to 5000�F and can be formed both before and after pyrolysis into structural insulative shapes suitable for nose cones, fin leading edges, and fuselage body structural insulation systems.

Enigmatics, Inc. 9215 51st Avenue Unit No. 7 College Park, MD 20740
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 486-1725 Ben Gauthier DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 5/20/2009
Title:	A metallurgical bond-forming coating process for thermally sensitive components
Abstract:	This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project focuses on the development of a novel process for applying metallurgically-bonded coatings to thin or otherwise thermally sensitive components. The technique, suitable for both OEM and field-repair applications, is a low-thermal-impact technique for deposition of fully fused coatings for applications such as component wear and corrosion protection. This project is aimed at development of the process for coating of metallic and cermet materials to high-strength steel and to nickel and titanium alloy components for military and civilian aerospace applications. Coating-process development will include numerical simulations, experimental deposition, and diagnostics. Fully sintered metallurgically bonded coatings will improve wear and corrosion resistance of the thin components without degrading their mechanical properties.

Epitaxial Technologies, LLC 1450 South Rolling Road Baltimore, MD 21227
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 455-5830 Ayub Fathimulla DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 4/22/2009
Title:	Innovative photon counting receivers for bio-photonic & QKD applications
Abstract:	Epitaxial Technologies' overall objective is to develop high gain and low noise APD photoreceiver suitable for high detection probability single photon counting at room temperature over the 450 to 1550-nm spectral band. Specifically, we will develop compact and low cost single photon receiver in single-pixel and array formats with photon detection efficiency (PDE), dark count rate (DCR) and timing jitter of 80%, 1000 counts/sec and 50 psec respectively. The proposed technology will be based on material structure and detector innovations that enable high gain and ultra-low excess noise APDs, with the capability for GHz bandwidth. In Phase I, we will refine detector designs, and investigate new material structures, processing techniques and fabricate detectors and photoreceivers, and demonstrate the required PDE, DCR, jitter and bandwidth for the APDs. In addition, we will assemble and test hybrid-integrated receivers and demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed single photon receivers. In Phase II, we will design the single photon receiver to meet or exceed the PDE, DCR, bandwidth and quantum efficiency specifications. We will integrate the TIAs with APD devices and demonstrate monolithic single-chip receivers meeting the specifications to detect single photon emissions from biological specimens, quantum encryption networks and ladar transmitters.

GVD Corporation 45 Spinelli Place Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 661-0060 Erik Handy DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 4/22/2009
Title:	Scalable, Lightweight Nanocomposite Armor
Abstract:	GVD Corporation (GVD) proposes to develop conformal coatings for carbon nanotubes (CNTs), facilitating scalable manufacturing of lightweight vehicle armor. GVD�s solvent- free coatings afford improved CNT dispersion in various matrices, resulting in better CNT distribution throughout the armor nanocomposite. Combat vehicles carry more than 10 tons of armor, increasing vehicle wear and tear (and associated maintenance costs) and reducing vehicle mobility. GVD�s proposed nanocomposite approach offers significant armor weight reduction while maintaining armor performance. In Phase I, GVD will develop and screen a range of conformal coatings for carbon nanotubes. The most promising candidates will then be selected for nanocomposite fabrication and testing. GVD�s nanotube coating approach will then be optimized and scaled up in Phase II for prototyping and more rigorous testing.

Hard Sciences Corporation 748 Greenwood Avenue Glencoe, IL 60022
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 337-9305 James Myrick DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 4/22/2009
Title:	Inexpensive IR Imagers for MWIR � LWIR Color Separation
Abstract:	This SBIR proposal is directed toward developing inexpensive, lightweight MWIR and LWIR imagers and cameras which have high performance, excellent pixel unifirmity, and low power consumption. The proposed technology could operate at ambient temperatures and provide simultaneous co-registered MWIR and LWIR images.

Hard Sciences Corporation 748 Greenwood Avenue Glencoe, IL 60022
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 337-9305 James Myrick DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 4/18/2009
Title:	Strong, Dense, Low-Cost, Robust Nanoscale Energetic Materials
Abstract:	This SBIR project is directed to the preparation of very strong, dense (> 7g/cc reactive structural energetic materials which have long term storage stability and high energy/combustion output.

Harmonic Technology, Inc. 2325 chimney hill drive arlington, TX 76012
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(817) 223-1187 guojun liao DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 9/1/2009
Title:	Advanced Development for Defense Science and Technology: Beyond Optical Flow
Abstract:	This proposal responds to DARPA�s STTR solicitation, topic 7 (ST082-007). Advanced computational technology based on solid mathematical ground will be developed and applied to elimination of blurs and super-resolution of video of faces. These applications are important in aerial surveillance systems and homeland security tasks. Success of the project will overcome limitations of current methods in terms of their accuracy and efficiency. The method is significantly more advanced than the existing techniques mainly because it is based on a new motion estimate approach, which determines pixel correspondence between two video frames by optimizing a similarity measure subject to constraints expressed in terms of differential operators. The imposed constraints guarantee that the admissible space consists of all smooth and invertible transformations. Thus, the approach is capable of detecting nonlinear, complicated motions that are typical in a video sequence.

Highland Instruments 395 Broadway #R4D Cambridge, MA 02139
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 504-6031 Timothy Wagner DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 8/6/2009
Title:	Advanced Development for Defense Science and Technology
Abstract:	During combat situations, a soldier can become overloaded with visual and auditory stimuli. Of paramount importance is the capacity to filter out irrelevant (or distractor) stimuli, and attend to relevant stimuli. Effective modulation of activity in a soldier�s fronto- parietal brain regions has the potential to optimize attentional deployment and processing of relevant and irrelevant stimuli while increasing their overall attentional capacity and perceptual abilities. Current modulation techniques based on invasive and noninvasive neural stimulation technologies suffer from many limitations that make such neural modulation impractical or inefficient for warfighter use. This proposed project will explore the feasibility of using Electromechanical Stimulation (EMS), a potentially superior noninvasive brain stimulation technique, to modulate the brain activity for the enhanced processing of visual stimuli. Ultimately, an individualized helmet for each soldier could be developed with an integrated EMS stimulator to enhance a soldier�s cognitive performance.

Infinite Corridor Technology 41 Calumet Road Winchester, MA 01890
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 721-1025 Duncan Boyce DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 8/6/2009
Title:	Advanced Development for Defense Science and Technology
Abstract:	Future generations of electronics will need to be both stretchable and flexible due to the increasing demand for portable electronics. As electronics devices become more integral to our lives, it is increasingly important for them to be shapeable and conformable, which opens the design space of the devices and enables maneuverability of the user. Infinite Corridor Technologies (ICT) has established a new material design approach that enables a breakthrough that facilitates stretchable and flexible electronics. The basis of the design lies in a fundamental change to the printed wiring board material. Current developments in conducting polymers and other new electronic materials have not achieved sufficient maturity for widespread application. ICT�s solution to this problem is a Structured Elastomeric Material Substrate (SEMS). The SEMS possesses material properties and structural features that allow it to stretch, compress and flex in different directions by straining the substrate only in select areas. This approach leaves a large fraction of the substrate at strains dramatically lower than the macroscopic strain. The strain-free areas provide locations for the electronic components and circuitry, enabling stretchable and flexible electronics. ICT has already demonstrated the feasibility and the effectiveness of this material design and seeks to further its development.

Johnson Research & Development Co., Inc. 263 Decatur Street Atlanta, GA 30312
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(404) 584-2475 Davorin Babic DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 5/13/2009
Title:	Advanced Development for Defense Science and Technology
Abstract:	Johnson Research and Development Co., Inc. (JRD) proposes development of a key component for an innovative, highly efficient heat engine that can operate as a versatile power generator and heat pump for either cooling or heating. The Johnson thermo- electrochemical converter (JTEC) is an innovative all solid state heat engine that operates on the Ericsson cycle (Carnot equivalent) and directly converts heat into electrical energy offering the maximum theoretical efficiency available from a heat engine operating between two temperatures. The high JTEC efficiency is achieved by electrochemical reactions facilitated by isothermal transport of hydrogen, the JTEC working fluid. JTEC efficiency is anticipated to be significant fraction of the ideal Carnot efficiency while still maintaining practical power densities. Successful development of a JTEC critical component would provide revolutionary thermal management and energy conversion capabilities to DoD platforms and weapon systems.

Light Weight Technologies (formerly Jona JAMCORP C/O JOn Priluck 2988 Oak St, Unit 215 Eugene, OR 97405
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(541) 687-4646 Jonathan Priluck DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 7/29/2009
Title:	Advanced Development for Defense Science and Technology
Abstract:	Lattice Block Materials, or LBM for short, are a class of materials comprised of an open structure of ligaments arranged in a regular truss like structure that is three dimensional. A basic unit cell is comprised of a square based pyramid skeleton (just the corners, called nodes, and the edges, called ligaments). These cells are connected in all directions to form a larger lattice like structure that is a block of material. The �parent material� is the name for the material that the LBM is actually made of. Parent materials for LBM can be almost any injection molding plastic, most metals, and some ceramics. We have devised a method for casting LBM that requires no pattern whatsoever. What we propose to develop is essentially a complex form of sand-casting. We make the mold by filling space with triangular prisms that have matching half channels on their surfaces that form the LBM lattice. This could also be done smaller with investment casting cores. This would eliminate the need for patterns in both sand casting and investment casting and yield something between the two.

Materials & Electrochemical Research (ME 7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 574-1980 Roger Storm DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 4/22/2009
Title:	A Metallic Nanocomposite with the Highest Strength and Modulus Ratio of Any Metallic Material for Applications Weapons Systems
Abstract:	New and innovative materials are required to provide revolutionary capabilities to DoD platforms and weapon systems. Magnesium is the lightest metal that can be applied to defense, structural and commercial applications. Magnesium�s utilization is often restricted since it suffers from inherent poor corrosion resistance and mechanical deficiencies. Nanoreinforcements in magnesium have demonstrated significant improvement in corrosion resistance similar to that of aluminum and some nanoreinforcements in a metal have similarly shown increases of 1.5 to 3.5 times in mechanical property improvements. Nanoreinforced nano-grained magnesium offers the potential to exhibit a strength and modulus to density ratio greater than any metallic material. Some nanoreinforcements in magnesium offer significant potential to produce a ballistic material with the lowest areal density of any material. This program will optimize nanoreinforced magnesium to provide exemplary corrosion resistance and the highest specific properties and ballistic performance of any metallic material for applications to revolutionize capabilities in DoD platforms and weapon systems.

Medical Decision Logic, Inc. 1216 E. Baltimore St. Baltimore, MD 21202
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(443) 224-8429 Allen Tien DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 6/17/2009
Title:	Advanced Mathematics for Network Analysis
Abstract:	The goal of this project is use Answer Set Programming (ASP) methods to create a commercially viable software application (�SocioLogix��) for social network analysis (SNA). Recent developments in Answer Set Programming and propositional satisfiability checking (SAT-checking) have potential to extend the power of software to use techniques of rule-based or �qualitative� optimization to find optimal answers to NP- complete problems (i.e., problems for which solutions have a certain level of difficulty to compute) that arise in SNA, and to allow these problems to be defined on a study-specific basis. The SocioLogix software will extend the existing SocioMetrica system, which currently consists of the EgoNet, LinkAlyzer, and VisuaLyzer applications. These integrated applications provide functions for distributed and secure social network (SN) data collection, management, analysis, and visualization functions. Data may be visualized as node and edge graphs and analyzed using a number of standard SNA techniques that are directly provided by SocioMetrica, or are provided via common data formats by other software packages. SocioLogix will add ASP functionality to the SocioMetrica suite, thereby providing a radically new approach for flexible analysis of important problems in SNA. The initial area to be addressed in Phase I is Graph Decomposition. In Phase II, Stable Attribute Assignment and Egonet Aggregation will be addressed, guided by DoD functional priorities and web-based deployment and interface design.

Menlo Systems Inc. 69 Stickles Pond Road Newton, NJ 07860
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(857) 998-1320 Jonathan Birge DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 2/2/2009
Title:	Advanced Development for Defense Science and Technology
Abstract:	The ability to precisely control dispersion with thin-film dielectric filters is an enabling technology in short pulse lasers, allowing for durations below five femtoseconds. Such laser systems have revolutionized areas central to many DOD missions and capabilities, such as directed laser energy systems, precision optical metrology to enhance inertial navigation systems, and optical arbitrary waveform generation for high resolution optical sensing, to name a few. Going forward, as the attosecond regime is developed, dispersion compensating mirror systems are needed to enable enhancement cavities for high harmonic generation which provides researchers with access to coherent XUV and soft X-ray radiation from cost effective oscillators rather than complex amplifier systems. Similar dispersion-controlled cavities can be used for repetition-rate multiplication, an important capability for sources to be used in e.g. waveform generation. These new applications require precision, bandwidth and damage tolerance at the limits of what is possible with current mirror technology. We propose to extend these limits through improved design optimization and material selection. We will leverage newly available commercial grid computing systems to develop global search algorithms for finding optimal mirror configurations and to optimize manufacturing tolerances, addressing a major practical limitation to the production of highly precise dispersion compensating mirrors.

MilSys Technologies, LLC 408 E. Fourth Street Suite 204 Bridgeport, PA 19405
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 272-5050 Glenn Baker DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 2/13/2009
Title:	Advanced Development for Defense Science and Technology
Abstract:	The material science and fabrication aspects of photo-sensitive materials has undergone a revolution in sensitivity and capability. These improvements have taken place in lock step with technology developments in the IC industry. The basic technology of cooling of focal plane arrays (FPA) has been around for the past forty years. It breaks down into two methodologies; mechanical (Stirling) and electrical (thermoelectric). Both have been the recipients of a significant amount of DoD research to improve their performance, SWAP (size, weight and power) and cost efficiency. However, both are macro devices, which are reaching their fundamental limits in reducing SWAP and cost. What is proposed is a MEMs structure that combines active thermoelectric cooling integrated at a material/device level with the photosensitive element. The Phase I proposal has two(2) parts: 1) conduct a feasibility study which would define the concept by creating a model of the device to determine both theoretical as well as existing operating capabilities and 2) investigate an existing compound, using recently developed deposition process, as one potential thermoelectric material system.

NuCrypt LLC 1801 Maple Avenue, Rm 6322 Evanston, IL 60201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 733-8750 Gregory Kanter DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 1/12/2009
Title:	Advanced Development for Defense Science and Technology: Measurement Tools for Quantum Information Processing
Abstract:	Quantitative and visually intuitive information is critical to understanding, designing, and verifying the operation of any system. For instance, a vector signal analyzer allows a designer to gain an immediate understanding of a radio communications link by visualizing the transmission signal constellation. Additional analysis such as a calculation of the error vector magnitude can be performed in real time. Such tools are now an indispensable part of modern engineering methods. Quantum state tomography is a measurement tool which allows for complete characterization of quantum states. Truly quantum systems like networks of entangled states will need measurement tools that measure quantum signals (states) just as classical systems need measurement tools to measure classical signals. Although great progress has been made in tomography techniques, no commercial equipment currently exists. Advances in the field of quantum information are severely hampered because every development group must build their own tools including even basic measurement devices. It is the goal of this Phase-I SBIR to develop the component and systems technology to design a practical polarization-mode quantum state tomography system. We will pursue methods of making the signal acquisition and analysis as fast as possible to give the user a real-time feel. A prototype system will be built and characterized in Phase-II.

Orbital Technologies Corporation (ORBITE Space Center, 1212 Fourier Drive Madison, WI 53717
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(608) 229-2752 J. Sauer DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 4/29/2009
Title:	Functionally Graded Metallic Lattice Components (FGMLC) for Advanced Propulsion Component
Abstract:	ORBITEC and the Milwaukee School of Engineering (MSOE) propose to develop functionally graded metallic lattice components for use in advanced rocket propulsion systems. The FGMLC material will utilize an internal intertwined lattice structure to join different constituents of the composite material. This lattice structure will allow a designed gradation from one material to another while maintaining each materials properties. The FGMLC will utilize a high-heat flux metallic material for the hot-side surface. This material will be graded to a high-strength, light weight metallic materials on the outer surface of the component. The FGMLC offers several advantages over conventional graded materials. The mature FGMLC is expected to offer a low-cost, lightweight, long life, elegant design for high heat flux applications. The Phase I effort will involve selection of candidate materials and manufacturing processes, fabrication of FGMLC test samples, development of a laboratory test fixture to evaluate the performance of FGMLC prototype components under simulated operating conditions, mechanical testing of FGMLC samples, evaluation of component behavior and performance under test conditions, and development of Phase II fabrication and test plans. This proposal responds to Topic DARPA 08-007, which requests new materials and processes that provide revolutionary capability to DoD platforms and weapon systems.

Powdermet Inc. 24112 Rockwell drive Euclid, OH 44117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(216) 404-0053 Brian Doud DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 3/23/2009
Title:	Advance High Strength Low Weight Aluminum NanoFoam Alloys
Abstract:	This Phase I SBIR program will demonstrate SiC nano-balloon-reinforced aluminum alloy composites which have strength-density ratios 20-50% greater than Al-Li alloys. The core innovation is the production of high strength SiC nanoballoons using electrospinning of Si modified polymer nanoballoons and pyrolysis, and then using these lightweight, high strength spheres as reinforcements in aluminum alloys to both reduce weight and thermal conductivity, while simultaneously increasing strength and stiffness. A second key innovation is to add up to 5% lithium solid solution to reduce the density of aluminum, which, when combined with the 0.3-0.5g/cc Sic microballoons, will create an alloy with a density less then 1.5g/cc and strengths approaching 100ksi. The production of lightweight nanosphere analogs to carbon nanotubes represents a breakthrough to the production of low density, low thermal conductivity metal products which can be economically fabricated using powder extrusion or powder forging techniques. A nano- SiC balloon will have lower density than Li with 3X the stiffness and strength, and can be added at loadings of 20-40V%. Lithium can be added at levels up to 5 wt% (15V%), meaning that through the combined addition of lithium and SiC microballoons, 50V% of the alloy can be replaced with low density (<0.5g/cc) materials.

Precision Photonics Corporation 3180 Sterling Circle Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 444-9948 Kurt Vogel DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 6/16/2009
Title:	Broadband Infrared Molecular Fingerprinting for Non-invasive Biosensors
Abstract:	In this Phase I effort, PPC will pursue a �translational� research and development program for a recently demonstrated technology into the chemical and biological sensing arena. Spectroscopic identification of chem/bio agents requires broadband detection in order to characterize unique spectral fingerprints � preferably simultaneously � in the presence of potential confounding molecular species. Along with simultaneous multi-species detection, this technique provides near real-time readout speeds that are dramatically faster than available approaches. This project will (1) develop critical optical assemblies necessary to perform ultra-broadband spectroscopy in the mid-wave and long-wave infrared spectrum where molecular fingerprinting is orders of magnitude more sensitive, (2) demonstrate broadband spectroscopy in the mid-wave infrared with emphasis on critically analyzing the detection specificity, and (3) develop sources suitable for broadband spectroscopy in the long-wave infrared.

Prime Research, LC 1750 Kraft Dr Ste 1000-B Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 961-2200 Raymond Rumpf DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 3/16/2009
Title:	Meta-Optic Fluorescence Probe for IED Detection
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I project will demonstrate the feasibility of a revolutionary Meta-Optic Fluorescence Probe (MOFP) for the rapid detection of improvised explosive devices (IEDs). This effort will focus on detection of triacetone-triperoxide (TATP) in its native solid form without the need for physical contact, sample collection, or intermediate we- chemical processing. TATP is an explosive of choice for terrorists and is notoriously difficult to detect using field deployable instruments or even dogs.

Prime Research, LC 1750 Kraft Dr Ste 1000-B Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 961-2200 Raymond Rumpf DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 3/17/2009
Title:	Power Harvesting Wireless Flow Sensor
Abstract:	PRLC proposes the development of a miniature wireless flow sensor that harvests all the electrical power required to operate from its environment. The device will use a fluidic oscillator to actuate piezoelectric cantilever beams to generate power and measure flow velocity through its frequency of oscillation. A highly efficient single chip ultra wide band (UWB) radio will be incorporated to transmit flow velocity with minimal required energy. The technology promises to be low cost, highly compact, and able to multiplex hundreds of sensors.

Princeton Lightwave, Inc. 2555 Route 130 South, Suite 1 Cranbury, NJ 08512
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 495-2551 Mark Itzler DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 2/2/2009
Title:	InP-based Single Photon Detectors with Active Negative Feedback
Abstract:	From the perspective of performance, reliability, and cost, the most practical photodetector available today with single photon sensitivity between 1.0 and 1.6 �m is the InGaAs/InP single photon avalanche diode (SPAD). However, even the best InP-based SPADs have photon counting rate limitations of ~1 � 10 MHz. For applications ranging from quantum information science to covert short-wave infrared imaging, single photon detectors with much faster counting rates in the range of 100 MHz � 1 GHz will be essential. A primary shortcoming of conventional SPADs is the positive feedback inherent in their avalanche dynamics and performance degradation associated with it. We propose to radically improve upon these structures by monolithically integrating negative feedback elements to create negative feedback avalanche diodes (NFADs) with self- limiting avalanches exhibiting highly deterministic gain values. Self-limited avalanches will greatly reduce latency problems caused by afterpulsing, offering the potential for repetition rates exceeding 100 MHz, and highly deterministic gains will provide much lower excess noise. NFAD device operation will also be greatly simplified relative to SPADs since NFADs can be operated with just a single dc bias. We will investigate several approaches towards incorporating negative feedback using active elements and compare these approaches with on-going work that entails the use of passive negative feedback. Long-term prospects include the increase of repetition rates beyond 1 GHz and the achieving of photon number resolution using multiplexed NFAD formats.

Quantum Applied Science and Research Inc 5764 Pacific Center Blvd Suite 107 San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 228-1093 Konstantine Ermolaev DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 5/4/2009
Title:	Human Hydration Status Monitor
Abstract:	The incidence of heat related injuries in warfighters has increased 8-fold in the past 20 years. In 2006, Army warfighters sustained 220 heat related injuries; of those 57 were hospitalized, 163 were outpatients and two died. A significant number of these injuries could have been prevent or at least minimized if the subjects were wearing a hydration monitor to help regulate their liquid intake. In this program, Quantum Applied Science and Research (QUASAR) Inc., a leading innovator in wearable electrophysiological measurement systems will develop the first truly non invasive accurate wearable hydration monitoring system, one that needs no action or maintenance by the user, other than to put it on. This new sensor system will unitize compact non contact resonant electromagnetic oscillators to infer the subjects total body water as well as ionic conductivity. The system will provide a direct readout to the user advising him when to drink and if they should consume water or electrolyte. In addition, significant opportunities exist in long term medical monitoring and sports equipment markets, and will be addressed in part via QUASAR's partnerships with Advanced Neurometrics.

QuesTek Innovations LLC 1820 Ridge Avenue Evanston, IL 60201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 425-8225 James Wright DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 6/15/2009
Title:	Computational Design of MoCr Superalloys for High Temperature Service
Abstract:	This Phase I project applies QuesTek�s unique computational materials design technology to the development of ductile, oxidation-resistant, and creep-resistant MoCr superalloys for use at 1300�C and above. Mo-Si-B or Nb-based systems developed for such demanding structural applications have encountered significant difficulties related to ductility and/or oxidation-resistance. QuesTek will pursue a radical new microstructural concept with the potential of achieving critical performance requirements simultaneously: novel multiphase Mo-Cr alloys composed of a ductile BCC matrix (for toughness) and aluminide phases for oxidation resistance and creep strength. Utilizing CALPHAD-based thermodynamics, and building on prior research at Northwestern University on refractory metal systems, the ductility and oxidation resistance of the Mo-Cr alloys will employ the following design strategies: a) Increasing the ductility of the BCC matrix phase by suitable alloying additions based on quantum-mechanical calculations of the generalized stacking fault energy, minimizing the matrix DBTT and b) Improving intrinsic oxidation resistance of the BCC matrix, using design methods for external protective oxide-scale formation. Phase I will design and validate proof-of-concept Mo-Cr alloys at sub-scale, and Phase II will develop, prototype, and characterize for subsequent implementation into DoD weapons platforms.

Shakti Technologies Inc. 728 Garland Drive Palo Alto, CA 94303
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 248-6990 Subhash Narang DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 1/26/2009
Title:	Shock Attenuating Helmet
Abstract:	Explosions from conventional munitions and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) generate substantial blast overpressures that constitute a pervasive hazard to US military personnel in the Iraq and Afghanistan theaters of operations. Researchers currently believe that these explosive events can cause �traumatic brain injury� (TBI), a physical damaging of the brain, which stands in contrast to the psychological effects of �post- traumatic stress disorder� (PTSD). There is also the possibility of damage from the accompanying electromagnetic pulse. This proposal outlines an approach for developing a generalized material for attenuating explosive air blast. This material concept would provide a new helmet, yielding improved TBI protection by reducing the impact of the pressure pulse on the brain.

SIMmersion LLC 9861 Broken Land Parkway Suite 200 Columbia, MD 21046
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(443) 283-2504 Dale Olsen DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 6/23/2009
Title:	DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOTYPE ANGER SIMULATION FOR USE WITH FMRI SCANNING
Abstract:	Significant adjustment issues can occur as warfighters transition from combat to home. One area of adjustment involves the appropriate control of anger. We propose to develop and test a prototype conversation simulation that allows for the collection of reliable data on brain activity associated with anger. This prototype will involve a simulated conversation which is designed to provoke anger in a user through the use of multiple anger-provoking statements made toward a user by a simulated character. This prototype will allow for the design of two new kinds of simulations, one that focuses on a more sophisticated study of neural pathways involved in anger and one that is an empirically-based training and intervention simulation. These simulations will provide a critical resource for warfighters returning home.

Smart Polymers Research Corporation 108 4th Street Belleair Beach, FL 33786
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(727) 424-3595 Matt Aldissi DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 1/13/2009
Title:	Uncooled Infrared Detectors based on Bioinspired Materials
Abstract:	This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will develop lightweight, low- cost biomaterials or biologically inspired infrared (IR) detection technology for space- based military and commercial applications. To meet IR detection requirements, we plan to develop and show with a materials perspective, how these materials can sense thermal/IR radiation to be used and produced in uncooled imaging systems. Smart Polymers Research Corporation proposes to investigate the usefulness of a biologically derived protein, which exists in nature, to use in uncooled IR detectors through their dehydration and rehydration processes. Thin films of the material will be fabricated using the low cost self-assembly technique. The biomaterial films will be fully characterized to demonstrate their effectiveness as IR sensing materials. Upon successful conclusion of the Phase I feasibility program, we plan to take this effort further in Phase II with incorporation of the material into IR microbolometers which will be developed in collaboration with several partners.

Solulink, Incorporated 9853 Pacific Heights Blvd., Suite H San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 625-0670 David Schwartz DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 1/13/2009
Title:	Rapid Fieldable Biodosimetry Assay
Abstract:	In the event of a nuclear detonation event it will be imperative to readily detect the level of radiation exposure to soldiers or civilians. For warfighters it will be important to determine whether they can be sent back into harm�s way and for civilians it will be important to triage victims into treatable and untreatable groups. Whole body exposure to even 0.5 Gy, >100 times the yearly background radiation, carries low risk. However, 1 Gy can markedly increase cancer risk and induce subclinical or mild radiation sickness, meriting mitigation, observation and follow-up. 2 Gy will deplete bone marrow progenitors, leading to high risk of infection and sepsis over days to weeks. Solulink proposes to develop Rapid Fieldable Biodosimeter test based on detection of a biomarker that correlates directly with the level of radiation exposure.

Superior NanoBioSystems 385 N St., Southwest Washington, DC 20024
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 919-7976 Yitzhak Rosen DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 2/4/2009
Title:	Advanced Development for Defense Science and Technology
Abstract:	The objective of our proposed effort is to demonstrate the feasibility of an extremely rapid analysis of whole blood samples in non-laboratory environments using MEMS-based fabrication techniques combined with new developments in highly specific antibodies. We believe this technology will enable the realization of a small handheld portable blood analysis system with a quick response time, which will have direct and enormous impact for military field hospitals and mass casualty situations. Our development strategy is to first demonstrate the feasibility of the technology and, after successfully demonstrating our technology, to conduct a full-scale multiple year development effort that will be completed with the delivery of a fully-functional and self-contained blood typing and recipient/donor crossmatching analysis device requiring less than one-drop of blood and having an analysis time of 1 minute or less. During the SBIR effort, we will address those issues we believe have the highest risks associated with our technology, namely whether the basic concept functions to an acceptable level in a microscale fabricated device and whether the analysis time can be reduced to 1 minute or less, which is far below that which is possible with current approaches and technologies.

Systems Analytics 55 Moody Street, Suite 21 Waltham, MA 02453
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 398-2233 John Zhang DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 6/11/2009
Title:	Mathematical Modeling of Dynamic Social Networks
Abstract:	This SBIR proposal addresses DARPA�s second mathematical challenge, the Dynamics of Networks, with the purpose to develop the high-dimensional mathematics needed to accurately model and predict behavior in large-scale distributed networks that evolve over time occurring in communication, biology, and the social sciences. We propose to develop a mathematical software package for the quantitative analysis of idea and counter-idea spread based on our recent progress in dynamic epidemic system modeling and biological regulatory network simulation. The software allows the user to study the spatial and temporal spread of contagious ideas, its transmittal speed and behavior within a population. In particular, the software includes the effects of super spreaders, connectivity of the transmittal media, transmittal capacity of spreaders, and the effectiveness of counter-idea spreaders. The software can be used to predict pattern and behavior, identify super-spreaders and optimize social networking processes across many applications with the transmission of ideas between individuals, communities, or regions. The Phase I effort will be focused on developing a prototype that is based on an eight-state model for the simulation of idea spreader and counter-idea spreader. The eventual software tool is efficient and user-friendly and can be run on PC.

Tanagram Partners 125 North Halsted Suite 400 Chicago, IL 60661
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(312) 876-3668 Joseph Juhnke DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 8/6/2009
Title:	Advanced Development for Defense Science and Technology
Abstract:	The research objectives of Aiding Complex Decision-Making Through Augmented Reality (SBIR Phase 1) address real world issues found in complex, high-stress, mobile environments that require rich information in order to reduce error and make informed decisions. Such systems are made up of several interacting components requiring collaborative situational awareness in a dynamic environment. Complexity arises when boundaries shift forcing operational tasks and goals to reorient, replanning. Critical real- time decision-making is required and failure often arises due to lack of information, resulting in inadequate decisions or increased reaction times. We plan to leverage current technology and research providing a new insight into decision-making in complex, high- stress environments, bringing a new approach to cognitive aids. We propose the concept of iARM (Intelligent Augmented Reality Model)- a combined reality of system and human perception that uses real world artifacts and cues as stimulation in order to provide an information overlay that provides a richer digitally enabled experience. Through the creation of a MOBILE iARM, we intend to improve dynamic situational awareness amongst collaborative groups through a shared knowledge base that can be accessed in real- time. Additional applications could include interactive modeling, information visualization (such as color identifying motion), and other visualization augmentations.

TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC. 9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 263-2101 George Hansen DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 12/19/2008
Title:	Advanced Development for Defense Science and Technology
Abstract:	To meet DoD combat requirements emerging in the next 10 to 15 years, �new multifunctional fiber materials and associated composite systems and processing techniques must be developed, and this development must start now.� In making their projections for this technology, DoD expects that �one must separate incremental gains made using current technology from major leaps arising from new non-PAN precursors and/or completely new fiber technologies.� To address this need, TRI/Austin has recently conceived of a novel material, which it believes is a strong candidate to produce the revolutionary engineering fiber breakthrough needed to replace Kevlar, Twaron, M5 and graphite fibers. We believe that our fiber will have higher modulus, strength, toughness and environmental resistance at a significantly reduced cost compared to these legacy materials. TRI proposes to investigate the chemical and physical properties of our novel material with the aim to determine the engineering parameters necessary to manufacture validation quantities of fiber in Phase II.

Versatilis LLC 488 Ridgefield Rd Shelburne, VT 05482
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 380-4763 Ajay Jain DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 5/1/2009
Title:	Advanced Development for Defense Science and Technology
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I project will show a novel architecture for silicon Thin Film (TFT) Field Effect Transistors (FETs), with a novel technology for manufacturing such FETs on wires. Arranged or �woven� into structured, flexible active matrix (AM TFT) arrays, they can enable a wide variety of applications; e.g. large area backplanes for next generation, low power flexible displays, or embedded into structural elements for prognostic monitoring. A simple 128 x 128 AM TFT demonstrator array will be built, with TFTs fully characterized to show polysilicon mobilities >30 cm2/Vs, and array flexibility to 0.5 in. bend radius in 2D, surpassing the general state-of-the-art in electron mobility for flexible AM TFT backplanes. Display backplanes, for example, are presently low mobility (<1cm2/Vs) amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) AM TFT arrays on rigid substrates (silicon or glass) made in huge, capital intensive fabs (in the Far East). While adequate for LCDs, they are barely adequate for small, low performance flexible displays (e.g. e-readers using electrophoretic frontplanes) and present significant challenges if integrated drivers, full video, high information content or color imagery and flexibility are needed, especially with increasing screen size. AM OLEDs, for example, are current driven, emissive arrays requiring high mobility polysilicon TFTs and very good pixel-to-pixel uniformity, but the industry has yet to develop commercially viable large area AM TFT backplanes on flexible substrates.

VorCat, Inc. 14 Freas Court Gaithersburg, MD 20878
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 762-5553 Jacob Krispin DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 6/23/2009
Title:	Advanced Development for Defense Science and Technology
Abstract:	There is growing interest in using unmanned air vehicles (UAV's) instrumented with particle sensors to detect the presence of hazardous airborne chemical/biological (CB) agents. The effectiveness of this point source approach depends on providing the airborne sensors with the largest possible and most varied volume of the atmosphere. We seek to investigate whether or not the local flow upstream of a sensor intake manifold on an UAV can be manipulated to increase the effective sampling volume. The project reflects the common occurrence of substantial turbulent and vortical fields associated with UAV's that may potentially be used to effectively redirect airborne particulates toward sensor intake locations. A revolutionary, gridfree computational approach pioneered by VorCat, Inc. will be used to effect an accurate numerical simulation of the unsteady, turbulent field associated with a UAV traversing a particle-laden atmosphere. A number of possible options for augmenting the range of particles brought to a sensor during UAV flight will be considered. If a means of enhancing sampling volume can be found in the Phase I project, then, in partnership with Boeing, Inc., the Phase II study will consider the optimization and implementation of the approach on a particular UAV.

Woodbine Labs, Inc. 10624 Kenridge Dr. Cincinnati, OH 45242
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(513) 891-5422 Richard Ravenhall DARPA 08-007 Awarded: 3/10/2009
Title:	Development of Very Lightweight, High Stiffness, TMC Shaft Technology
Abstract:	This proposal is to develop and demonstrate technologies that will enable implementation of aircraft-engine titanium matrix composite (TMC) shafts that are significantly lighter weight and potentially permit engine sub-critical vibratory operation. Current and under- development advanced engines employ long length, nickel-alloy shafts that satisfy rigorous dynamic, torsion, maneuver, temperature and life requirements. A lighter weight TMC shafts will be very beneficial. Ability to operate sub-critical rather than super-critical would be extremely advantageous. Also, gaining experience with such shafts on current engines will provide confidence to proceed with new centerline engine designs that take full advantage of dramatic improvements possible from TMC shafts in applications where nickel-alloy shafts cannot satisfy requirements. This SBIR builds on baseline TMC shaft developments/demonstrations conducted by Woodbine Labs and GE Aviation and extends this technology for payoff on current applications. The use of advanced higher strength, high stiffness, TMC architectures and advanced titanium to nickel-alloy joining offers the potential for lighter weight, sub-critical operating shafts. The proposed program will accomplish system designs, trade studies, conduct critical subelement fabrication/technical experiments and establish feasibility of such shafts. Phase II will build and demonstrate a corrosion resistant significantly lighter weight, high stiffness, nickel-alloy spline ended TMC shaft.

ASPEN AEROGELS, INC. 30 Forbes Road Building B Northborough, MA 01532
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 466-3119 Je Lee DARPA 08-008 Awarded: 1/28/2009
Title:	Thermally Insulated Structural Aerogel Composites for Satellite
Abstract:	Multi-Layer Insulation (MLI) is the most commonly used thermal insulation material for spacecraft applications due to its low thermal conductivity in vacuum. However, MLI has several problems including thermal shorts, is labor intensive to fabricate and install and its performance is negatively affected when insulating complex shapes; therefore significant improvements are needed in satellite insulation materials. Aerogel thermal blanket technology has been shown to meet the demanding requirements for space missions with significantly reduced installation time, reduced weight, reduced installed costs, and equivalent thermal performance to state of the art MLI. Aspen now proposes to develop integrated aerogel-based, structural satellite panels, thus eliminating the need for �add-on� insulation, such as MLI. To accomplish this Aspen proposes a dual approach solution that involves aerogel material development in parallel with structural system-level design development to meet the thermal performance requirements of structural satellite panels. Materials development will focus on an aerogel material that is lightweight, with a low thermal conductivity value, is highly durable and reliable over the satellite lifetime. System- level design development will evaluate and trade-off three aerogel-based concepts in order to optimize the panel system design for minimum thermal transfer while maintaining the adequate structural integrity required for satellite applications.

Tethers Unlimited, Inc. 11711 N. Creek Pkwy S., Suite D113 Bothell, WA 98011
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(425) 486-0100 Robert Hoyt DARPA 08-008 Awarded: 1/27/2009
Title:	Fabrication of Structural MLI Using 3D Printing Technologies
Abstract:	We propose to utilize a combination of 3D printing technology and high-strength, temperature-resistant composites to create structural components for spacecraft that incorporate an integral thermal barrier. The use of 3D printing technology will enable rapid fabrication of complex structural components to enable responsive configuration and production of satellites to meet time-critical tactical and strategic needs, and it will enable a multi-layer radiative barrier to be integrated conformally within a structure that has both a durable outer shell and a rigid internal structure. By bonding temperature-resistant composites such as carbon fiber to the exterior and interior of the structure, a very high strength, durable, and temperature-tolerant structure can be created. In the proposed effort, we will develop concept designs for 3D-printable structures that incorporate radiative thermal barriers. We will then utilize 1-D and 2-D modeling of thermal transfer, thermal expansion and strain, and structural characteristics to select the best balance between weight, complexity, strength, and radiative performance. Additionally, we will evaluate current and upcoming 3D printable materials and processes, and select the process/material combination with the best strength, weight, offgassing, temperature tolerance, and fatigue performance. We will then fabricate a sample and test its performance within a vacuum chamber.

Infoscitex Corporation 303 Bear Hill Road Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 890-1338 William Hafer DARPA 08-009 Awarded: 1/21/2009
Title:	Thermally Reconfigurable Sandwich Structure (TRSS)
Abstract:	The military is investigating flexible thermal architectures that enable a tactical satellite bus to support a range of operational needs. In response, the team of Infoscitex Corp., the University of Pennsylvania�s microfluidics/nanofluidics lab, and Lockheed-Martin Space Systems Company propose to develop an innovative satellite sandwich panel with embedded thermal control. The panel contains an embedded fluid loop for highly controllable convective heat transfer. The fluid loop runs both across the surface and through the thickness of the panel, enabling heat spreading, heat transfer between two components, and/or modulation of the path to the radiator. Infoscitex�s unique method of manufacturing the panel makes such a network possible, and U. Penn�s expertise in microfluidics allows actuation and control of the network to be precise, efficient, and to use no mechanical moving parts. Lockheed-Martin will support the transition of this technology to their small satellite and advanced technology programs, and will provide input along the way regarding embedded circuitry, materials compatibility, and system requirements.

Irvine Sensors Corporation 3001 Red Hill Avenue Building #4-108 Costa Mesa, CA 92626
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(714) 444-8772 Ying Hsu DARPA 08-009 Awarded: 8/6/2009
Title:	Thermal Power Distribution System (TPDS)
Abstract:	The DARPA seeks new concepts on reconfigurable thermal networks (RTN) for applications in thermal control of space satellites. The RTN concept described by DARPA could be achieved by employing a thermal switching system with common interfaces, whereby reconfiguring the system for each new satellite is made by connecting heat sources to the interface ports and modifying the control parameters. The plug-and-play approach works much like connecting different electrical components to a power supply, and adjusting each output channel to the desired voltage level. ISC proposes development of the Thermal Power Distribution System (TPDS). The TPDS takes advantage of the fact that while all satellites have many heat sources; each satellite only has one heat sink. The TPDS works by inserting a Variable Conductance (VC) thermal switch between each heat source and the system thermal sink. The VC thermal switch consists of an array of micro-switches that are electrically actuated by piezo-electric drivers. An initial thermal analysis of the VC thermal switch concept shows a low thermal resistance of .15 �C/W, and a conductance ratio of 91 between the switch full-on and full-off states. The smallest increment of change in thermal resistance is .015 �C/W.

NANOSONIC, INC. P.O. Box 618 Christiansburg, VA 24068
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 953-1785 J.H. Lalli DARPA 08-009 Awarded: 12/15/2008
Title:	Super-Lightweight Active Ceramic Rubber� for Reconfigurable Thermal Networks
Abstract:	NanoSonic has developed a proprietary nanostructured spray self-assembly (SSA) manufacturing technique for the production of super lightweight (0.98g/cc) conformal coatings and space tolerant structures with multiple controlled static or variable electromagnetic (EM) properties. Resultant highly thermally conductive Ceramic Rubber� inorganic/organic hybrid nanocomposites offer homogenous thermal dissipation over large areas due to the excellent dispersion quality of the conformal networks. On-the-fly thermal control will be achieved by exploiting cryogenic shape memory polymer (SMP) based nanoporous Ceramic Rubber� networks for high altitude reconfiguration. Additional control can be achieved via efficient utilization of the network�s coefficient of thermal expansion and Poisson�s ration. The revolutionary RTNs are expected to transmit heat, exhibit increased thermal conductivity () at lower elevations or with increased solar absorbance, and become insulating (lower ) at higher altitudes or upon reduced solar absorbance. Our nanostructured materials and high performance polymers are capable of withstanding extreme thermomechanical (-140�C, 132K to 450�C) and harsh environments (UVA, UVB, ozone). Testing shall be carried out with assistance from our defense prime partner to verify thermal control on subscale systems during Phase I and II to increase the TRL from 4-8 and on a full scale demo during Phase III to reach TRL 9.

SA Photonics 650 5th Street Suite 505 San Francisco, CA 94107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(415) 971-2027 Mark Carlson DARPA 08-009 Awarded: 2/12/2009
Title:	Reconfigurable Thermal Networks (RTN)
Abstract:	Due to the high cost and long lead time of space based thermal management systems, there is an increased need for a space qualified thermal network system which can maintain critical components within an acceptable range during operation and be flexible in design to adapt to a wide range of component sizes as well as varying thermal loading conditions. SA Photonics proposes their ThermoWeb System, which is modular, has the ability to monitor and control component temperatures and utilizes both standard and high thermal conductivity materials minimizing thermal resistance from source to sink. Because our ThermoWeb design is modular, it is highly configurable for various electronic systems. Within our ThermoWeb design is the thermal control valve which incorporates the advantages of Nanoparticles for thermal control. Our Nanoparticle Thermal Valve (NTV) is configured to maintain temperatures between components, or between components and heat sinks by increasing or decreasing the thermal conductivity within the NTV. This innovative thermal control design coupled with more traditional temperature monitoring and control electronics, provides a unique and stable system that allows accurate and autonomous thermal control of space based electronics.

AURORA FLIGHT SCIENCES CORP. 9950 Wakeman Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 500-4830 Jeremy Hollman DARPA 08-010 Awarded: 1/8/2009
Title:	High Output Turboelectric Diesel (HOTeD)
Abstract:	There is a current need for small heavy fuel engines that are light and reliable enough to be used in a variety of applications, such as UAV propulsion. The challenges for such an engine are in meeting the often stringent and competing requirements of high thermal efficiency and high power to weight ratio. Microturbines lack in thermal efficiency and small diesel engines lack in power to weight. An innovative solution to maximizing the flexibility and advantages of both of these platforms is an innovative hybrid engine combining several technologies. Preliminary analysis already shows potential advantages of this system including high power density, high thermal efficiency, and the flexibility to be scaled across a broad range of power requirements. This proposal outlines an effort to model this new hybrid engine, conduct an optimization and trade study, develop a preliminary design for a specific application, and outline a development plan that would take the engine design through the prototype stage.

Belle Aerospace Corporation 2237 Warrenville Ave. Wheaton, IL 60187
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(630) 430-1926 John Belle DARPA 08-010 Awarded: 6/11/2009
Title:	Small Engines Designed for High Efficiency, High Power Density and Quiet Operations
Abstract:	The benefits provided by Belle Aerospace Corporation�s (BAC�s) proposed technology will reduce engine size, weight, acoustic signature, increase reliability and power output, while providing substantial fuel efficiency increases using load following engine control technology and other BAC proprietary innovations. These optimized improvements will provide great reductions in both; the initial logistics foot print required to place small power sources into theaters of operation, and the reoccurring supply logistics (fuel), realizing large cost savings to DoD operations. Commercial applications of such a versatile small heavy fuel engine are endless, since the need for small modular engines that run on military heavy fuel (JP-8) is increasing in all areas of the military requiring improvements to fuel efficiency, and BAC�s heavy fuel engine satisfies current and future power density, thermal efficiency, and acoustic signature goals. Other Commercial applications require the use of heavy fuels (and multi-fuel capability) in a compact lightweight fuel efficient design package, making power generation appealing in a variety of arenas. BAC is designing this unit with the cooperation of several established companies who are anticipating the production of these power units.

Creare Inc. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Jeffrey Breedlove DARPA 08-010 Awarded: 6/1/2009
Title:	Lightweight Turbo-Rankine Power System
Abstract:	Military operations require small engines to convert heavy fuels into mechanical power and electricity. Current engines/generators in the 7.5 kW (10 HP) range are too heavy, inefficient, and noisy for extremely mobile and/or clandestine operations. Fundamental scaling penalties and manufacturing constraints limit the performance of existing technology at this relatively low power level, making incremental advances an unlikely solution. Order-of-magnitude improvements in power density can only be achieved by developing dramatically new technology. Therefore, we propose to develop a miniature turbo-Rankine generator for these applications. The resulting generator will have extremely high power density and efficiency with nearly inaudible acoustic emissions. The system will leverage decades of advances at Creare in the performance and miniaturization of turbomachines and heat exchangers for low power thermodynamic systems such as turbo-Brayton cryocoolers and generators. We will perform design analyses, conduct trade studies, and develop preliminary designs for the components and system during Phase I, followed by fabrication and testing of a breadboard turbo-Rankine power system during Phase II.

D-STAR ENGINEERING CORP. 4 Armstrong Road Shelton, CT 06484
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(203) 925-7630 S. Dev DARPA 08-010 Awarded: 12/16/2008
Title:	Light-Weight, Efficient and Quiet 10 hp Class Modular Heavy Fuel Engine
Abstract:	The project aims to develop a strategy for a small, modular heavy fuel engine in the 10 hp class, using scaled versions of a heavy fuel atomization system and combustion management systems previously developed by D-STAR, and by optimizing the engine design parameters to yield a successful engine that offers light weight, high efficiency and quiet operations. For the Phase 1, the project tasks include : definition of an approach for the modular engine; modeling of engine processes and performance; variational performance analysis and optimization, prediction of engine performance; preliminary design and layout of the engine; experimental validation of critical technologies, iteration of the design, and reporting & planning. The above process will lead to a modular heavy-fuel / multi-fuel engine in the 10 hp class.

Engine Research Associates, Inc. 12108 Burning Tree Rd. Fort Wayne, IN 46845
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(260) 338-1010 Jeffery Erickson DARPA 08-010 Awarded: 6/11/2009
Title:	Small Engines Designed for High Efficiency, High Power Density and Quiet Operations
Abstract:	This program will establish a very quiet, fuel efficient and high power density engine and generator that can operate on JP-8 and diesel. It will be significantly lighter than existing engines and generators. The proposed approach will use an internally supercharged variant of the Migrating Combustion Chamber (MCC) engine. This engine�s mechanism and cycle of operation allow it to operator on low octane fuels like JP-8 and diesel without auto-ignition, detonation or wet stacking. Small MCC engines have been operated on zero octane fuel, JP-8 and diesel without auto-ignition or detonation. The MCC engine provides full expansion of the combustion gases inside the engine which increases efficiency, reduces emissions and produces a very quiet, cool exhaust. This engine will be fully integrated with a proprietary, very high power-to-weight alternator using rare earth permanent magnets. Microprocessor controls will provide for load following, stabilized power under varying loads. This system is capable of partial load operation without wet- stacking. This system is scalable from 3 kW to 15 kW and larger and includes both AC and DC outputs in one unit.

Iron Bay Model Company 3301 Chapline Street Wheeling, WV 26003
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(724) 554-8879 John Craig DARPA 08-010 Awarded: 7/6/2009
Title:	Small Engines Designed for High Efficiency, High Power Density and Quiet Operations
Abstract:	A new approach is needed to bypass the problems which have thus far limited the development of small heavy-fuel engines. Typically these compromised engine designs are hard to start, they do not burn the fuel cleanly or completely, their ignition timing is inconsistent, their high peak pressures result in short component lifecycles, they produce excessive emissions, their fuel consumption is high, and power output low. Iron Bay Model Company proposes to investigate a recently patented Compression Ignition engine that is capable of maintaining precise control over the timing of the auto-ignition process.

KINETIC BEI, LLC 2197 Brookwood Dr. South Elgin, IL 60177
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(616) 837-8975 Jack Jerovsek DARPA 08-010 Awarded: 12/15/2008
Title:	Small Engines Designed for High Efficiency, High Power Density and Quiet Operations
Abstract:	The Nutating Disk Engine is a new technology with significant advantages, and multiple potential military and commercial applications. Development work has focused on a dual- disk version of the engine, including a demonstrator prototype. Second-generation prototype is currently in development. This DARPA program provides an opportunity design a single-disk version. Development work to date has lead to the conclusion that a single-disk version is not only feasible, but desirable. The single-disk Nutating Engine offers several advantages including improved power density, reduced component count, direct routing between compressor outlets and prechamber, and the elimination of coupling hardware. The proposed Meyer Nutating Disk Engine will be a single disk engine designed to produce an output of 8-10 Hp at 4,500 rpm, and run on heavy fuel. The compact size packages this engine within a 5.75� diameter and 5.95� overall length. The engine weighs 5.6 lbs. with a projected power density of 1.46 Hp/lb. Heavy fuel operation allows it to operate efficiently at reduced rpm and light loads. Quiet operation is also expected. The single-disk engine will be designed and analysis performed during Phase I, ultimately leading to the production of a demonstration engine, paired with a generator, during the Phase II effort.

Mainstream Engineering Corporation 200 Yellow Place Pines Industrial Center Rockledge, FL 32955
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 631-3550 David Sykes DARPA 08-010 Awarded: 6/11/2009
Title:	Development of a Simulation based Design for an Opposed Piston Linear Free Piston Generator
Abstract:	Electrical power generation has been typically done with large gas turbines or reciprocating engines (otto or diesel cycle). However, these mature technologies cannot deliver both modularity as well as a high power density. Mainstream proposes a different type of engine that has the promise of delivering greater than 1 hp/lb, greater than 25% thermal efficiency, low noise output, and a modular design. In the phase 1 effort, a control system will first be designed and modeled using first principles. The results from this simulation will drive the design parameters to achieve the performance criteria specified. Mainstream will also use parallel programs with other agencies to develop the other components to yield a fully integrated light weight engine design.

Materials & Electrochemical Research (ME 7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 574-1980 Vladimir Shapovalov DARPA 08-010 Awarded: 4/24/2009
Title:	High Power Density Rotary Vs Engine for Various Applications
Abstract:	MER proposes to demonstrate breakthrough engine design concepts and technology for a wide range of power source applications such as unmanned air and ground vehicles and power generators. Our design, based on an innovative rotary vane concept termed VS-engine, offers significant advancement over current state of the art engine technologies (Otto cycle, Wankel cycle, etc.) in the areas of power-weight, power- volume, cost, operational simplicity, and the ability to efficiently burn heavy fuels (diesel or JP8) in a small engine (about 10 HP). These improvements are projected to produce a power-weight ratio of 1.25-1.82 HP per pound, power-volume ratio of approximately 2.5 HP/inch3. The VS-MER engine will eliminate vibration at low shaft speeds, reduce noise, and simplify maintenance and repair.

Mohawk Innovative Technology, Inc. 1037 Watervliet-Shaker Road Albany, NY 12205
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 862-4290 Hooshang Heshmat DARPA 08-010 Awarded: 8/6/2009
Title:	Small Engines Designed for High Efficiency, High Power Density and Quiet Operations
Abstract:	The overall objective of the Phase I and Phase II proposed effort is to develop the crucial oil-free, high-speed power generation system technologies that will make a suite of small modular engines for power and propulsion having thermal efficiency greater than 25% and power density greater than 1 HP/lb. possible. The overall goal is an integrated, compact, and oil-free prototype 8-12 kW turbogenerator system. MiTi��s key contributions to this development effort are our oil-free high-speed system development expertise, foil bearing technology, and demonstrated ability to integrate foil bearing and high speed motor/generator spindles. Under Phase I, MiTi will establish the preliminary system design that integrates our existing 12 kW/120,000 rpm motor/generator with a state of the art turbojet engine modified to operate on foil bearings. MiTi� will also conduct a proof test of the coupled turbo-generator to demonstrate system feasibility. This preliminary design and test data will provide the impetus and justification for the Phase II detailed system integration design, fabrication and test of a prototype oil-free turbogenerator.

Tyche Ursidaen, LLC 1112 Oddstad Blvd. Pacifica, CA 94044
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(313) 282-5785 Frank Washko DARPA 08-010 Awarded: 1/26/2009
Title:	High Efficiency, High Power Density Small Hybrid System
Abstract:	The engine system concept disclosed in this proposal meets or exceeds each of the goals stated in Solicitation DARPA 08-010. Our hydraulic hybrid concept will provide extremely high efficiency while reducing weight and increasing power density. The core of this new concept is a standard four-cycle internal combustion engine power cylinder. However, the power cylinder interfaces with a hydraulic system that sends power to a hydraulic hybrid power unit. The goals of high efficiency and low weight are met in three ways: through variable geometry; through elimination of heavy components; and through hybrid operation.

VAPORCOR LLC 1044 SE Paiute Way, #101 Bend, OR 97702
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(541) 678-5215 Preston Carter DARPA 08-010 Awarded: 1/6/2009
Title:	Small Engines Designed for High Efficiency, High Power Density and Quiet Operations
Abstract:	Vaporcor LLC is currently developing a unique engine, (for High Altitude Long Endurance �HALE� aircraft), that has thermodynamic efficiency greater then 40%, is able to burn multiple-fuels, and is quiet, and lightweight. We call this engine our �Caloric� engine. This engine is being developed for military and commercial applications with power requirements in the 100 Kw to 250 Kw range. For this SBIR solicitation, Vaporcor has investigated designs of Caloric Engine for power levels from 3 Kw to 10 Kw. We are proposing a Small Caloric Engine design with special innovations that will allow it to maintain performance at smaller scale, and achieve the target power density. The Small Caloric Engine (SCE) will have all the features inherent to the generic Caloric Engine�s approach; that is, adaptable to many fuels and heat sources, quiet and smooth operation with low capital cost and operating cost.

XRD Inc 103 Industrial Village Rd Beaufort, SC 29906
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(843) 522-9686 Charles Allen DARPA 08-010 Awarded: 6/23/2009
Title:	Small Engines Designed for High Efficiency, High Power Density and Quiet Operations
Abstract:	XRD Inc. will deliver a feasibility study and work plan to produce engines operating on heavy fuel that meets the objectives of Program Solicitation entitled �Small Engines designed for High Efficiency, High Power Density and Quiet Operations�. The goal is to have power density greater than 1 hp per pound and greater than 25% thermal efficiency while operating on available heavy fuels. This new design will be based on current existing operating XRDi engines which already use military fuels. These designs, using our patented technology, have already met heavy fuel engine requirements including: � Operation on a variety of fuels with no recalibration (JP5, JP8, Jet-A, diesel, gasoline) � Cold start demonstrated @ -30 �C (with no aids) � BSFC of < .49 lb/hp-hr @ cruise � Operation demonstrated @ 26,000 ft density altitude The 35 hp and 12 hp engine can be seen running with heavy fuel on a video at www.xrdi.com as well as a presentation of the technology. XRDi�s approach is to utilize our existing proven heavy fuel technology and apply advanced materials, perform component optimization using computer based simulation and modeling tools and apply system engineering techniques to meet the goals and objectives as outlined.

D-Star Engineering Corporation 4 Armstrong Road Shelton, CT 06484
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(203) 925-7630 S. Dev DARPA 08-011 Awarded: 3/2/2009
Title:	High Power Density TAG Motors for Hybrid Electric Air Platforms
Abstract:	The project aims to develop a strategy for a dramatically lighter and more efficient electric motor, with initial emphasis on a 7 hp class, 12� diameter fan for VTOL UAVs. For this, D- STAR is proposing a new motor architecture that combines and enhances the best features of contemporary motor architectures. For the Phase 1, the project tasks include : preliminary design and layout of the TAG Motor, electro-magnetic design and optimization of the copper armatures, electronic design of the motor drive circuits, design iteration and optimization, and reporting & planning.

Infoscitex Corporation 303 Bear Hill Road Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 890-1338 James Goldie DARPA 08-011 Awarded: 1/11/2010
Title:	High Power Density Electric Motors for Hybrid Electric Air Platforms
Abstract:	An electric motor is proposed that will achieve a power density of 5 hp/lbm and an efficiency greater than 95%, when delivering 7 hp of mechanical power at a speed of 8400 rpm. This capability, not available from current electric motors, is achieved by arranging high energy-product permanent magnets in a novel configuration expressly designed to deliver highly-concentrated flux densities to the stator windings at minimum weight. The proposed motor will be tailored to the geometry of a ducted fan suitable for rotorcraft, with the aim of providing the key enabling element in a �hybrid electric� rotorcraft drive train, in which an alternator, electric power distribution, and high power density motor(s) deliver power from the gas turbine to the ducted fan(s) (rather than a mechanical transmission and multiple rotating shafts). The potential benefits are reduced maintenance, increased redundancy, reduced vulnerability to ground fire, and rotor speed control. The Phase I design study will undertake (1) motor integration with a specific ducted fan, (2) motor cooling analysis, (3) rotor structural analysis, (4) motor drive analysis, and (5) optimization of the motor design parameters. In Phase II a prototype fan and motor will be tested against the desired power and efficiency goals.

LAUNCHPOINT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 5735 Hollister Ave Suite B Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 683-9659 Geoff Long DARPA 08-011 Awarded: 12/18/2008
Title:	A Dual Halbach Array, High Power Density Electric Motor for Electric Air Platforms
Abstract:	An axial flux, coreless, brushless DC motor is proposed as a solution to the need for an extremely high power density motor for the electric vertical take off and landing UAV application. The proposed dual Halbach array field assembly is the enabling innovation which increases the magnetic field in the coil while eliminating the need for any iron. Eliminating iron maximizes the benefits of using carbon fiber housings which can be significantly lighter than the equivalent iron housings. The dual Halbach array field assembly also reduces AC losses and enables a much higher pole count resulting in a much lighter motor. LaunchPoint Technologies has a wealth of experience making Halbach arrays, complex electro-magnetic systems and custom motors and can realize the goal of developing a feasible 7 HP motor with power density of greater than 5 HP/lb and efficiency greater than 95% at 8400 RPM.

SatCon Applied Technology, Inc. 27 Drydock Avenue Boston, MA 02210
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 897-2439 Gerald Foshage DARPA 08-011 Awarded: 6/11/2009
Title:	High Power Density Electric Motors for Hybrid Electric Air Platforms
Abstract:	Fuel Cell and hybrid electric propulsion offers increased architectural flexibility to air vehicles. The power plant of choice for helicopters is a gas turbine engine due to its high power density. However, the large transmission can weigh more than the engine. A motor-generator pair can eliminate high maintenance components in the drive train yielding reduced operation and support costs comparable to fixed wing aircraft. A hybrid electric drive would also allow the use of a larger number of smaller redundant rotors or electric driven ducted fans, reducing vulnerability and enabling NOTR configurations. High power density electric motors for an all electric vertical takeoff and landing uninhabited air vehicles is also desirable Electric motors with power densities > 5 HP/lb enable vertical takeoff and landing aero vehicles with a multitude of commercial, surveillance and military applications. SatCon will show that our innovative approach in the design of the motor exceeds program goals (7 HP at 8,400 RPM, >5HP/lb, and >95%efficiency) leading to prototype fabrication and test in follow a phase.

LUMINEX CORP. 12212 Technology Blvd Austin, TX 78727
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 381-4365 Charles Collins DARPA 08-012 Awarded: 12/19/2008
Title:	Universal Sample Preparation Device for Biological Detection
Abstract:	Reliable sample preparation from a variety of complex matrices remains one of the most challenging problems facing biological detection in the field. This is especially true for isolation of nucleic acids from an environmental or clinical sample. A clean nucleic acid sample, free from contaminating materials such as cell debris, dirt and inhibitory chemicals, is required to ensure the robust performance of any given molecular-based detection system. There exists a technology gap for a simple, one-step sample preparation device that will result in a clean nucleic acid sample ready for further biological analysis. Luminex Corporation proposes to develop a completely automated nucleic acid sample preparation module that is rugged, rapid and easy to use. This device will accept a liquid or swab sample (clinical or environmental), process the sample, and result in an extracted purified nucleic acid sample ready for further analysis. This device will be based on a combination of electrolytic and electrophoretic methods. The instrument will have a small form factor with the capability to be battery operated.

Microchip Biotechnologies 6693 Sierra Lane Suite F Dublin, CA 94568
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 558-2040 Joanne Horn DARPA 08-012 Awarded: 6/11/2009
Title:	Expansion of a Universal Biological Sample Preparation Module
Abstract:	Microchip Biotechnologies, Inc. has addressed critical military needs for biological sample preparation by undertaking the development of disposable plastic cartridges that interface with compact, automated hardware intended to directly interface with a variety of downstream analytical platforms. For nucleic acid purification, the systems will capture cells and viral targets using specific antibodies bound to paramagnetic beads, which concentrate and purify targets in a single step. Cells and viruses are then disrupted, and nucleic acids are isolated using a second set of magnetic beads. Currently, MBI is awaiting funding ($625K) awarded by the Army Commercialization Pilot Program (CPP) to improve the current system to achieve a pre-production prototype that will include the above-stated workflow. Here, we propose to assess the feasibility of further improving this developing system to address a wider array of sample types, namely human tissue swabs and sputum, to monitor human infection of biothreat agents. Expanding the current and developing systems will not only leverage Army funding for the USPM, but also allow eventual surveillance of personnel, in addition to having potential for intelligence gathering.

MICROSTRUCTURE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 600 SE Assembly Ave. Bldg. 55 Suite 100 Vancouver, WA 98661
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(360) 694-3704 Joseph Birmingham DARPA 08-012 Awarded: 12/15/2008
Title:	Universal Sample Preparation using Microstructured Arrays with Plasma Lysis
Abstract:	DARPA is seeking an universal sample preparation methods for extraction of nucleic acid capable of being used in many different assay systems for subsequent detection. The method needs to produce nucleic acids from spores, viruses, bacteria (or vegetative cells) that are ready for a wide variety of diagnostic equipment. MicroStructure Technologies (MicroST) in conjunction with Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU) has demonstrated a two-step nucleic acid production method. The first step is the efficient retention and selective concentration of biomaterials from liquid or bioaerosol directly onto coated microstructured arrays. After capture of the biomaterials onto the micropillars, the next step is an ionized gas (or plasma) treatment for about a minute to extract nucleic acids. The easy-to-use approach can be automated. The plasma lysates produced have been demonstrated to be ready for PCR without any additional processing. The rapid nucleic acid preparation method consumes few watts for biomaterial collection (from air or liquid) onto the microstructured arrays and plasma lysing. The relevance of this effort is to rapidly provide nucleic acids for biodetector applications in a miniature package with minimal logistics burden. A critical need exists for a universal sample preparation method that relies on little power to produce the nucleic acids for any biodetector.

LC Tech 280 Parkside Dr Palo Alto, CA 94306
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 283-3387 Bin Chen DARPA 08-013 Awarded: 1/15/2009
Title:	Solution Processed High-Z Composite Materials for Wearable Radiation Protections
Abstract:	Combating WMD entails appropriate personnel protective wear and radiation shielding of combating vehicles, aircrafts and structures. Current personnel protections use materials that are too heavy and uncomfortable to be worn, ineffective to high energy gamma radiation and high manufacture cost for broad deployment. Recent advances in nanomaterials science provide a new perspective for the next-generation radiation attenuation materials designed to balance weight, flexibility and structural integrity. Therefore, we propose a new radiation shielding composite that is capable of absorbing and/or dissipating a broad range of radiation particles. The composite is composed of (1) high-Z compounds for high attenuation coefficient for gamma radiations, (2) carbon nanotubes (CNT) to enhance mechanical strength, thermal conductivity and electron dissipation, and (3) hydrogen-rich polymers that, in addition to providing structural support to form strong textiles, can absorb neutrons and secondary ions. The research will involve composite synthesis, film casting, fiber spinning, and characterization of attenuation coefficient for gamma radiations. The composites can have a number of desired features which include: (1) high attenuation coefficient for gammas rays and other radiation particles and harmful secondary ions; (2) wear comfort by rapidly removing heat; (3) high mechanical strength and flexibility; (4) lightweight; and (5) low production cost.

Luminit, LLC 20600 Gramercy Place, Suite 203 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-1066 Kevin Yu DARPA 08-013 Awarded: 1/15/2009
Title:	Flexible Lightweight Radiation Protection Garment
Abstract:	To address DARPA need for new radiation shielding fabrics or materials that are equivalent to or better than currently available radiation shielding technologies in the areas of comfort for wearer, flexibility, and durability, and radiation attenuation in the Cs-137 emission range, Luminit proposes to develop the new Flexible Lightweight Radiation Protection Garment (FLEXPROG) system based on our hybrid sol-gel technology. This flexible hybrid inorganic/organic polymer material system incorporates bridging the gap between inorganic and polymer into hybrid polymer matrices at the micro- and nano-level for radiation protection in a coating with high tensile strength, low areal density, and chemical and environmental resistance to ionizing radiation, and UV; it can be easily coated and interwoven with high-ductility fiber materials as protective garments. FLEXPROG will maximize the radiation path length for effective attenuation of the incident radiation flux while minimizing the thickness and the weight of the garment. The high malleability and ductility of the materials and the minimized weight of the design will enable effective use without impeding flexibility or causing physical stress during operation. In Phase I Luminit will develop FLEXPROG and demonstrate its feasibility. Relevant radiation shielding properties will be determined and compared to current used materials.

Materials Modification Inc 2721-D Merrilee Drive Fairfax, VA 22031
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 560-1371 R. Radhakrishnan DARPA 08-013 Awarded: 6/23/2009
Title:	Novel Nuclear Radiation Protection Blanket
Abstract:	A �dirty bomb� is a �radiological dispersal device� (RDD) that combines a conventional explosive with radioactive material. Protection from radiation emitted by a RDD will require shielding for first-responders and military personnel who must walk into an environment recently exposed to such explosions for decontamination. The garments currently available in the market are not suitable for such situations. A new breathable and flexible resistant fabric that can shield radiation emitted from radioactive materials such as Cs-137 and Co-60 is therefore required. In the proposed Phase I effort, Materials Modification, Inc. will fabricate a novel breathable blanket made from radiation resistant material and evaluate its radiation shielding property against Cs-137 gamma radiation. In the Phase II, radiation resistant fabrics developed in Phase I will be stitched into radiation blocking garments suitable for extended wear.

NanoSonic, Inc. P.O. Box 618 Christiansburg, VA 24068
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 953-1785 J.H. Lalli DARPA 08-013 Awarded: 2/3/2009
Title:	Shape Memory Antimicrobial Radioprotective Textiles� (SMART�) Garments
Abstract:	NanoSonic specializes in the production of low cost, ultra-lightweight (0.98vg/cc), highly EMI shielding (-70 dB SE) Au-nanoparticle based Metal Rubber� Skins and Textiles. We have recently demonstrated Metal Rubber� with shape memory polymers (SMP) and Ag nanoparticles, resulting in active, breathable, microbe growth inhibiting, shielding garments. Shape Memory Antimicrobial Radioprotective Textiles� (SMART�) garments are not a filled composite, conducting polymer or a sputter coated polymer film; rather a free standing �unfilled� nanocomposite formed in-situ by the conformal and covalent self- assembly of nanostructured particles and high performance copolymers onto high performance textile substrates. Recently, we have demonstrated these revolutionary materials with proprietary modifiers resulting in radiation resistance to a proton dose of approximately 1 Mrad (Si) (fluence of 7.42x1012 p/cm2). Unlike air and water impermeable crosslinked butyl rubber, Shape Memory-Metal Rubber� would breathe at elevated temperatures, by actively allowing perspiration to permeate, while POSS/quantum dot modified nanoporous channels would provide radiation attenuation in the Cs-137 range. NanoSonic�s SMART� garments are impermeable to harsh solvents, can be repeatedly stretched to greater than 1000% strain, and laundered without delamination or loss of performance. Durable and comfortable SMART� garments shall serve our U.S. warfighters and responders to environments contaminated with radiation dispersal devices.

Agiltron Corporation 15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 King Wang DARPA 08-014 Awarded: 3/17/2009
Title:	Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Printed Integrated Circuits
Abstract:	Leveraging on our extensive experience in carbon nanotube material processes and printing technology, AGILTRON together with a research group from UIUC, propose to realize a new class of integrated circuits printed from single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). This new printed integrated circuit (PIC) is based on recently developed medium SWCNT ICs on flexible plastic substrates. The result will be an all plastic printed integrated circuit. Our design offer advantageous combination of low-cost fabrication and high performance circuit for various applications. The feasibility of the proposed approach will be tested by demonstrating several simple logic circuits by the end of Phase I.

ANEEVE 22207 Linda Drive Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 674-3706 Chongwu Zhou DARPA 08-014 Awarded: 1/5/2009
Title:	Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Printed Integrated Circuits
Abstract:	We aim to prepare a Phase I feasibility study of printed integrated circuits based on transistors using single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) fabrics. We propose to explore the feasibility of fabricating CNT circuits using ink-jet printing technology. A detailed literature and trade analysis review of CNT based ink-jet printing technology will be undertaken to provide solutions to (a) CNT separation methods (semiconducting / metallic), (b) CNT doping methods (n-type) and dielectric materials, (c) Ink-engineering, jetting and deposition, (d) Device and circuit processes, geometries, models and performance expectations and (e) Systems concerns such as nozzle actuation, variability, printing algorithms and scalability. The key strength of this proposal is our holistic approach in developing a roadmap and plan driven by clearly identified �figure-of-merits�. To assist in this down-selection process, will be guided by modeling and simulation of carbon nanotube based device/circuits. This will additionally allow for (a) process development guidance (b) accurate development of device/circuit specifications (c) allow for scenario analysis to predict tolerances, yield, power consumption and numerous performance metrics. Our approach is to make use of �off-the-shelf� printer and cartridge/nozzle technology to provide a �cost-effective� solution and facilitate rapid commercialization.

BREWER SCIENCE, INC. 2401 Brewer Drive Rolla, MO 65401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(573) 364-0300 Wu-Sheng Shih DARPA 08-014 Awarded: 12/29/2008
Title:	Materials and Processing System for the Economic Production of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Thin-Film Transistors
Abstract:	In this Phase I SBIR program, Brewer Science, Inc. (BSI), a leader in innovative microelectronic materials, and our pioneering additive manufacturing partner will develop and demonstrate a cost-effective materials production process for fabricating high- performance thin-film transistors (TFTs) using single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and manufacturing-scalable direct printing technology. In recent years, high-performance SWCNT-based transistors have been successfully produced on a laboratory/research scale. The techniques used in those efforts, however, are not readily adaptable to low- cost commercial-scale manufacturing. For SWCNT devices to become commercially viable, manufacturing techniques must be developed that are low cost, efficient, reliable, and readily adaptable to a wide range of devices. BSI�s proposed effort is based on technologies and processes that have been conceived and partially developed within BSI laboratories with a succinct focus on commercial manufacturability. Our proposed technology is expected to lead to surfactant-free, type-enriched SWCNT solutions that can be directly printed onto flexible or rigid substrates using high-speed and commercially demonstrated aerosol-jet printing technologies to produce high-performance miniaturized electronic devices.

NanoTechLabs Inc. 409 W. Maple St. Yadkinville, NC 27055
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(336) 849-7474 Jay Gaillard DARPA 08-014 Awarded: 3/31/2009
Title:	Ink Jet Printing of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Thin Film Integrated Circuits
Abstract:	The goal of the proposed work is to evaluate the viability of printing integrated circuits using Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) as the base material. Commercially, the impact of advanced printing electronics technology is significant. These technologies have the potential to reduce manufacturing costs and ultimately lead to an industry- wide improvement in manufacturing time efficiency. In this work, we plan to isolate semiconducting SWNTs using the density gradient method, and then functionalize them to be used as p- and n- type channels for ink-jet printed TFTs. In collaboration with Foster Miller and BAE systems, we will ink-jet print the SWNT solutions made at NanoTechLabs including metallic interconnects using both metallic SWNTs and small diameter metallic MWNTs. The end goal of this work is to create viable semiconducting and metallic nanotube inks along with a compatible polymeric solution which can be used to print the needed components for a nanotube-based logic circuit.

Creare Inc. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Robert Kline-Schoder DARPA 08-015 Awarded: 8/6/2009
Title:	Noise-Tolerant Medical Record Voice Recorder
Abstract:	Creare proposes to design, develop, and deliver a Noise-Tolerant Medical Record Voice Recorder. Currently, medical personnel attending to injured soldiers at the point of injury do not have a consistent and accurate method to transfer vital medical information to final point of care medical personnel. To bridge this capability gap, what is needed is a digital voice recorder that is approximately the size of a modern dog tag (1" x 2" x 0.5"�) and is capable of surviving the challenges of the operating environment which includes both high noise and the real potential for physical and environmental abuse. Creare�s innovative design makes use of multiple noise reduction technologies to help mitigate the effects of high background noise levels on the recorded voice signal. During the Phase I project, we will demonstrate the feasibility of our design by fabricating a benchtop prototype and testing the prototype in high noise fields (up to 130 dB) using our acoustic test facility. During Phase II, we plan to finalize the design of our recorder, fabricate prototype devices, and perform field tests of the recorders.

Creative Electron, INC 2710 Glasgow Dr. Carlsbad, CA 92010
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(630) 456-0055 Bill Cardoso DARPA 08-015 Awarded: 2/12/2009
Title:	MVR - Medical Voice Recorder
Abstract:	It is well known in the medical community that information is paramount to save lives. In the battlefield scenario, information can be the difference between life and death. The correct and timely collection of data in the event of a casualty imposes serious challenges to medical person-nel in the battlefield. Among these challenges is the fact that the events and the care given to the warfighter right after the incident are not well documented. This lack of documentation often stems from the unfriendly environment caregivers face at the point of injury. Creative Electron, Inc. (CEI) plans to solve this problem with its Medical Voice Recorder (MVR). The MVR will be capable to transfer accurate information regarding the conditions in which soldiers were injured, thus providing continuity of medical records. By pro-viding a small form factor solution, analogous to the current dog tag, capable of withstanding physical and environmental insult as well as actively reducing ambient noise, pertinent medical information could be carried forward in a secure and continuous fashion. It is important to note that there are no commercially available systems that meet all these criteria.

Intelligent Automation, Inc. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5273 Wendy Nicholas DARPA 08-015 Awarded: 5/6/2009
Title:	Portable Medical Recorder
Abstract:	Intelligent Automation Inc (IAI) is teaming with Data Design Corporation of Gaithersburg, Maryland, and Dr. Robert Nickel of Bucknell University to propose an innovative portable medical recorder to be used on the battlefield. This team represents strengths and years of experience in both hardware development and speech signal processing. A combination of hardware and software design elements will provide superior noise cancellation functionality for this device. Noise cancellation features will be included in the hardware front end, in Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) logic, as well as in algorithms that run on a Digital Signal processor. From our analysis of noise reduction techniques, we are confident that a combination of a beamforming microphone array, adaptive noise cancellation algorithms, and voice enhancement algorithms will achieve the requirement of audibility for this medical recorder. The use of the latest FPGA technology provides a high speed platform for signal processing algorithms while keeping development costs low.

LI CREATIVE TECHNOLOGIES 30 A Vreeland Road Suite 130 Florham Park, NJ 07932
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(973) 822-0048 Qi Li DARPA 08-015 Awarded: 12/15/2008
Title:	Portable Medical Recorder
Abstract:	The purpose of this proposal is to present a novel and promising solution for a portable medical recorder. The system consists of the following modules: a microphone array, adaptive beam forming, noise reduction, audio compression, loudspeaker, and audio/data interfaces. The proposed implement includes three major chips. This company has developed two very similar products for military and CE applications respectively. The proposed recorder is based on our experiences in similar product design and utilizes our successful algorithms and previous research results. At the end of Phase I, all algorithms will be implemented and tested. Audio demos will be available for evaluation. Also, a preliminary design will be finished and all major chips for the device will be selected. The Phase II deliverable will be a high-quality, medical recorder that will meet all the military requirements and is ready to be manufactured.

MAGIQ TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 11 Ward Street Somerville, MA 02143
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 661-8300 Michael LaGasse DARPA 08-015 Awarded: 1/5/2009
Title:	Portable Medical Recorder
Abstract:	In order to actively reduce the ambient noise and retain vocal recording clarity of medical personnel in a military operations environment, MagiQ Technologies proposes a breakthrough multi-stage noise cancellation scheme for the DARPA 08-105 Portable Medical Recorder. The scheme combines a Quadrupole Microphone Array, a pre-processing Active Noise Cancellation Circuit and post-processing DSP algorithms (including adaptive look-direction filters and log-spectral amplitude estimation post-filtering techniques). This advanced scheme is based on our findings in developing our proprietary acoustic sensors. The design integrates state-of-the-art hardware/firmware and Commercial Off- The-Shelf (COTS) components. Our approach has the following features: 1.Retention of vocal recording clarity by using advanced noise reduction techniques 2.Compact physical size, 1 inch x 2 inch x 0.5 inch 3.More than 4 hours recording and playback duration; can be longer if external speakers or headphones are used 4.Resistance to harsh environments (0C to 50C temperature, 80 psi pressure) 5.No moving mechanical parts to minimize device failures 6.Low cost (all COTS parts)

Physical Optics Corporation Information Technologies Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Alireza Shapoury DARPA 08-015 Awarded: 6/30/2009
Title:	Medical Audio Logger
Abstract:	To address the DARPA requirements for a miniature portable voice recorder for medical information logging, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new MEDical Audio LOGger (MEDALOG). This proposed MEDALOG is based on a novel acoustic noise cancellation technique implemented on low-power digital signal processing (DSP) chips. The innovation in MEDALOG will enable the device to cancel high power acoustic noise floors on the order of 100 dB and high-power audio impulses (blasts) on the order of 140 dB, which are present in combat environment. MEDALOG is designed to have an off-shelf life of 1 year with dormant war-zone operation of 1 year. The active operational battery life of MEDALOG within the whole dormant period exceeds 10 hr of continuous record and play operation. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of MEDALOG by building a bench-scale prototype, focusing more on the design issues such as device operation, the noise cancellation algorithm, battery life, ergonomics, and mechanical structure. In Phase II POC plans to develop a full-scale prototype, optimize MEDALOG, and demonstrate the efficacy of the system while delineating a manufacturing path for Phase III.

Radiance Technologies Inc. 350 Wynn Drive Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(662) 238-2565 Chad Williams DARPA 08-015 Awarded: 4/14/2009
Title:	Portable Medical Recorder
Abstract:	This proposal describes a plan for developing a very small, light-weight, solid-state voice recorder suitable for helping provide improved medical support to injured persons upon playback by subsequent support personnel by providing clear records in the presence of loud background noises. The proposed device will be able to be worn like a dog tag and will be designed to accommodate environmentally challenging conditions. The device will consist of multiple microphones, appropriate signal conditioning electronics, embedded signal processing electronics, voice playback electronics, battery and power supply electronics. The use of multiple microphones will provide for enhanced capabilities of reducing background noise over the use of a single microphone through the use of array signal processing techniques. In particular, a modified version of a highly effective algorithm developed at Radiance technologies for identifying sounds in particular directions while rejecting other noise sources will be used. Other techniques such as band-pass filtering to reduce the effect of spectral content not usually seen in human speech will also be employed to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and selecting appropriate microphone sensitivities will be performed.

CU Aerospace 2100 South Oak St. Suite 206 Champaign, IL 61820
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(217) 333-8274 David Carroll DARPA 08-017 Awarded: 1/27/2009
Title:	High-Power, Narrow Linewidth Laser Diodes for Alkali Atoms
Abstract:	The primary objective of CU Aerospace�s Phase I work will be to assess the feasibility of producing very narrow linewidth (< 1 MHz), single-mode, diode lasers for pumping alkali atoms. This effort will involve novel laser-amplifier diode architecture to enable such high performance devices. These advances will have a major impact on alkali laser based sensor systems as well as rapidly evolving diode pumped alkali laser (DPAL) systems. The results of the Phase I research will lay the foundation for developing high power, narrow linewidth arrays for enhanced performance in Phase II. Our team partner the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign will perform fundamental research to assist CU Aerospace with these design and feasibility studies, and to produce a proof-of-principle prototype diode laser. This research will lead directly to designs that will be fabricated and tested extensively with detailed diagnostics to evaluate each design�s performance attributes in Phase II. Employment of the state-of-the-art and economical Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory at the University of Illinois will allow these innovative laser diode technologies to be fabricated, implemented, and examined in detail.

Photodigm, Inc. 1155 E. Collins Blvd. #200 Richardson, TX 75081
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(972) 235-7584 Martin Achtenhagen DARPA 08-017 Awarded: 1/14/2009
Title:	High-Power, Narrow Linewidth Laser Diodes for Alkali Atoms
Abstract:	Semiconductor lasers are fabricated in large volumes and are available at low prices at a wide variety of wavelengths for many commercial applications. These applications have modest requirements for power, beam quality, and reliability. The recent growth in metrology applications has necessitated class of lasers that operate stably within a single spatial and longitudinal mode, with wavelength that corresponds to a specific atomic transition. Photodigm produces high power distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) lasers based on its proprietary single epi growth, ridge waveguide architecture. The company is currently shipping single frequency lasers to several DoD programs for precision metrology at wavelengths of 1083 and 780 nm. In this proposed Phase I effort, Photodigm will design an epitaxial structure targeting the cesium transition at 852 nm. To minimize execution risk, this structure will be based on our proven 780 nm design. Two fabrication cycles will be needed to calibrate the grating period to meet the tight wavelength specification for atomic spectroscopy. The performance and the lifetime of these laser diodes will be directly compared to existing DBR laser diodes emitting at 780 nm. First articles will be delivered to DARPA. The Phase II effort will focus on higher powers and additional wavelengths.

Vescent Photonics 4865 E. 41st Ave Denver, CO 80216
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 296-6766 Mike Anderson DARPA 08-017 Awarded: 4/29/2009
Title:	High-Power, Narrow Linewidth Laser Sources for Alkali Atoms
Abstract:	The purpose of this proposal is to produce high-power, narrow-linewidth (~1 MHz or less), robust, turn-key laser sources that will meet the requirements of emerging cold- atom engineering applications. The focus of this effort will be on developing �path-to- power� techniques for wavelength-flexible laser architectures. The goal is to both both i) increase the power of wavelength flexible laser architectures and ii) maintain a single spatial mode during high-power operation to ensure long-term fiber-coupling stability. In this phase I we will explore and assess the feasibility of two complimentary techniques. First, in close collaboration with Photodigm, a Dallas Texas based diode foundry, we will explore single-spatial mode tapered laser (TL) and master oscillator power amplifer (MOPA) structures to realize output powers of 400 mW or more. Notably, this approach will be directly applicable to all future DBR wavelengths. Second, we will explore several different phase-locking techniques to coherently combine lower power chip-external- cavity-lasers (CECLs) to �sum-up� to higher powers. Both of these approaches may be combined with frequency doubling (FD) to realize greater wavelength flexibility.

Algorithmax 3308 Hearthfire Drive Fort Collins, CO 80524
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(999) 206-0626 Chris Peterson DARPA 08-018 Awarded: 5/18/2009
Title:	Novel Software Tools for Analyzing Massive Datasets
Abstract:	The overall objective of this proposal is a feasibility analysis of developing a software package for using topologically based ideas to process and extract information from large data sets. The project will consist of four main components: (1) a comprehensive review of the literature concerning topological methods related to the analysis of large data sets (2) identification of additional promising topological and geometric theory that may result in practical algorithms (3) evaluation of algorithms and prospects for numerical implementation including parallel versus sequential programming considerations (4) a detailed design of the software package that includes an evaluation of the suitability of various platforms including Matlab, R and C++.

gchs inc. 998 Cottrell Way Stanford, CA 94305
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 424-8616 Gunnar Carlsson DARPA 08-018 Awarded: 1/28/2009
Title:	Tools for Geometric Analysis of Massive High Dimensional Data Sets
Abstract:	We propose to evaluate strategies for extracting geometric information from very large and high dimensional data sets. One aspect of the proposal will be the development of a strategy for the implementation of parallelism within the methodology already developed within the DARPA Topological Data Analysis project. This will include parallel and distributed methods for persistent homology computations, clustering, and density estimation. The second aspect will be the incorporation of the "zig-zag" methodology for assessing the consistency of clustering and consistency across sets of landmark points in witness complex constructions.

Black River Systems Company, Inc. 162 Genesee Street Utica, NY 13502
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(315) 732-7385 James Graham DARPA 08-019 Awarded: 2/3/2009
Title:	Ground Moving Target Indicator (GMTI) Radar Discrimination of Combatants versus Animals in Severe Clutter
Abstract:	Advanced GMTI radars provide the capability to detect and track both ground vehicles and dismounted troops both in the open and under foliage. Sources of false alarms for these systems include the detection of animals because of their similar speed of movement and radar cross-section to individual and groups of dismounts. We plan to develop, test and demonstrate the feasibility to provide reliable discrimination of GMTI returns between combatant dismounts (individuals and groups) and animals in severe clutter environments using movement kinematics, terrain interaction, returns from high range and Doppler spectra resolution waveforms, and data derived characterizations. Specifically, we will demonstrate an increased level of situational awareness (reduced false alarms) by fusing multiple target discriminates using a robust data-derived Maximum Likelihood classifier. Our approach provides the following: 1) Development and evaluation of discriminates designed to enhance the classification and confidence levels of dismounts vs. animals declarations 2) A tested, reliable, extensible, adaptable framework to accumulate target discriminates to aid in the discrimination of dismounts vs. animals. 3) A low computational-cost algorithm design amenable to small lightweight platforms (Unmanned Aerial Systems)

Mustang Technology Group, L.P. 400 W. Bethany Suite 110 Allen, TX 75013
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(972) 396-4432 Rusty Allred DARPA 08-019 Awarded: 5/19/2009
Title:	Ground Moving Target Indicator (GMTI) Radar Discrimination of Combatants versus Animals in Severe Clutter
Abstract:	Mustang proposes to acquire real radar returns from animals during Phase I and use that data, along with a large existing database of returns from humans to develop initial human and animal discrimination algorithms. During Phase II this actual data will be augmented as needed by sophisticated modeling techniques to refine the algorithms, which will then be ported to real time and field tested.

Technology Service Corporation 1900 S. Sepulveda Blvd Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90025
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 954-2210 Donald Woods DARPA 08-019 Awarded: 1/26/2009
Title:	Ground Moving Target Indicator (GMTI) Radar Discrimination of Combatants versus Animals in Severe Clutter
Abstract:	The California Operation of Technology Service Corporation (TSC/CA) proposes a comprehensive program to develop GMTI persistent surveillance algorithms that discriminate human combatants from moving animals under foliage. TSC/CA will use measured and simulated radar data of human and animal targets at various resolutions to develop innovative discrimination algorithms and radar modes. The investigations will include human and animal data on both the micro-level (target-internal Doppler) and macro-level (persistent tracker-noted movement patterns).

C & P Technologies, Inc. 317 Harrington Avenue Suites 9 & 10 Closter, NJ 07624
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(201) 768-4448 KeYong Li DARPA 08-020 Awarded: 8/19/2009
Title:	Robust Wideband Waveforms for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Ground Moving Target Indication (GMTI) Applications
Abstract:	High resolution SAR imaging and Ground moving target indicator (GMTI) radar are of critical value to modern intelligence surveillance and reconnaissance missions. High resolution SAR can be realized at the expense of wide bandwidth waveform. However, to achieve long dwells over a wideband width, often the operating frequency band can overlap with other co-band radars, and it becomes necessary to notch out those interference bands both in the transmit mode and the receive mode. Thus it becomes necessary to design wideband transmit waveforms with spectral notches to null out the co-channel interference while maintaining excellent pulse compression with good sidelobe properties. A solution to this problem is presented in this proposal. The new solution leads to poor range resolution and to compensate that, two new receiver design strategies to suppress the sidelobes are also presented here. For azimuth compression, the carrier frequency plays a crucial role in narrowband SAR. However, the use of wide bandwidth leads to a less well defined role for the carrier frequency resulting in poorer azimuth resolution. This fundamental problem is addressed here using a new approach that draws on recent results on non-linear sparsity based image processing methods.

Information Systems Laboratories, Inc. 10070 Barnes Canyon Road San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 269-3620 James Bergin DARPA 08-020 Awarded: 1/26/2009
Title:	Robust Wideband Waveforms for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Ground Moving Target Indication (GMTI) Applications
Abstract:	The DoD is developing a number of radars to detect and track surface targets including vehicles and dismounts as well image targets using synthetic aperture radar modes. These system achieves wide-area surveillance for dismounts by operating on stationary platforms (helicopter) which eliminates mainbeam clutter spread and allows slow-moving targets to be effectively separated from strong ground clutter based on Doppler shift. Also, the GMTI modes currently employ relatively narrowband waveforms to minimize the impact of target range walk during a coherent processing interval. The SAR mode, on the other hand, employs a much wider bandwidth and requires a moving platform in order to form the synthetic aperture required for image formation. Thus the GMTI and SAR modes represent seemingly conflicting requirements. Namely, traditional GMTI modes work best with stationary platforms and narrow bandwidths, whereas SAR requires a moving platform and wide bandwidth. The proposal describes an approach to develop innovative wideband waveform concepts for simultaneous high resolution SAR and GMTI operation.

Neva Ridge Technologies, Inc. 4750 Walnut Street Suite 205 Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 443-9966 Steven Kadlec DARPA 08-020 Awarded: 1/12/2009
Title:	Robust Wideband Waveforms for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Ground Moving Target Indication (GMTI) Applications
Abstract:	Neva Ridge Technologies proposes the development of a dual SAR-GMTI processor capable of producing SAR images of the ground scene and GMTI range-Doppler images of ground movers from the same return signal. This processor is capable of (though not limited to) operating on a single antenna. The radar will employ a pulsed noise waveform that is novel for this application. The sharply peaked autocorrelation properties of this waveform permit the use of an adaptive noise filter (ANF) for range compression purposes. This filter eliminates multiplicative noise. The output will be passed to a multi- rate algorithm which is successively down-sampled and band pass filtered in preparation for Doppler-compression to form a GMTI image. After the rate-reduction step, a high resolution SAR image will be formed. The goal is to achieve resolutions much finer than 1 meter on UHF systems and finer than 0.15 meters in the microwave region. Specific attention will be made to quantify the effect of the algorithm for FOPEN operation. A main advantage of the multi-rate dual SAR-GMTI processor proposed here is that it can be employed on inexpensive radar platforms such as lightweight UAV�s.

APTIMA, INC. 12 Gill Street Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 496-2467 Georgiy Levchuk DARPA 08-021 Awarded: 12/19/2008
Title:	VISION: Video Identification of Structures, Intentions, Objects, and Networks
Abstract:	Decision support tools for target identification and alert generation depend upon the classification of static and moving objects. Existing methods for object classification rely primarily on static information available in single-frame images. The data from long-range video surveillance assets are usually not sufficient to distinguish the objects from one another, and even if high-resolution data were available, the visual features alone would not allow determination of the intent or purpose of the objects that are of high interest to military intelligence analysis. Persistent video surveillance is a source of motion and temporal activity data that promises to enable automated object intent classification. Aptima proposes to develop the VISION decision support system to automatically recognize the intents and functions of potentially interdependent static and moving objects. The data currently acquired by video exploitation technologies (object detection, tracking and motion analysis, for example) will be inputs to VISION. VISION technology is based on high-performance empirically validated probabilistic vision-based activity recognition and temporal-relational pattern matching algorithms developed by the Aptima Team.

DCM Research Resources, LLC 14163 Furlong Way Germantown, MD 20874
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 528-4632 Genshe Chen DARPA 08-021 Awarded: 6/3/2009
Title:	A Semantic Analysis Based Automatic Object Classification and Activity Perception System for Large-view Urban Environments
Abstract:	Currently available methods for object recognition and classification primarily rely on static information in single-frame images. However, for the combat aerial video (usually low resolution video), all the static indexes used for object classification and recognition are almost impossible to obtain. To address this challenge, researchers are particularly interested in developing new techniques to determine the type, functionality, purpose or intent of static and moving objects through analysis of dynamic information in persistent surveillance video. The objects of interest include buildings, functional areas, vehicles, and human beings. In this proposal, DCM Research Resources LLC and its collaborator propose to develop an automatic innovative 3D and dynamic semantic scene analysis based approach that exploits surveillance video data mainly captured from UAV platforms to classify buildings, vehicles, and people automatically. In our proposed automatic object detection and classification system, in addition to 3D static object�s visual features (e.g. building�s shape, line orientation, color, and texture) and the 3D static structures of the urban environment, we will also explore dynamic video features which include vehicle/human motion patterns over time. All these static and dynamic features will be used to construct spatial-temporal feature vectors, and the new generated vectors will then be sent to a probabilistic Dynamic Influence Diagram (DID) reasoning model for real- time and automatic building/vehicle classification. Besides the novel algorithms on building and vehicle classification, we also propose a Decentralized Dynamic Markov Game Model (DDMGM) for human activity and intent inference. In addition, we propose to develop novel 3D algorithms on automatic building detection, 3D terrain modeling, and visualization to support accurate object category and classification.

Kitware 28 Corporate Drive Clifton Park, NY 12065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 371-3971 Anthony Hoogs DARPA 08-021 Awarded: 2/25/2009
Title:	Vision with a Purpose: Inferring the Function of Objects in Video
Abstract:	Video provides the opportunity to classify vehicles, people, buildings and other structures by their behavior and the activity surrounding them. Object classes that are visually indistinguishable can be differentiated using activity, even in low-resolution video where traditional recognition from static imagery is not viable. Conversely, objects within the same class that have the same behavior but different appearance can be recognized. Our approach is based on learning probabilistic models of object function using a canonical set of low-level relations and actions computed from object tracks and scene context. We will combine traditional generative model learning, which learns models in isolation from each other, with discriminative learning that identifies how the classes are different from each other. Our recognition method will handle situations where objects are tracked for intervals shorter than their characteristic behavior duration, and longer too. In Phase 1, we will develop initial functional recognition methods for moving objects such as people and vehicles. A set of promising functional types will be identified, and we will use them to study the effects of tracking accuracy and levels of scene context on functional recognition accuracy.

Blue Shift LLC 1490 Evans Farm Drive McLean, VA 22101
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 409-3619 George DeVaux DARPA 08-022 Awarded: 5/22/2009
Title:	Summarization, Visualization and Browsing of Massive Video Archives
Abstract:	Blue Shift, LLC proposes research to determine the feasibility of using a novel software approach to automatically extract, summarize and visualize geo-spatial and temporal data of massive video archives. Results displayed at 60 times normal speed enable the video analyst to detect: � Subtle patterns; � Anomalies; � Trends over short and long time periods; and � Variations between patterns at different times of day. The video analyst uses point-and-click access to interactively examine and investigate the target video clip in more detail �spatially (pan and zoom), temporally (fly) or both. In addition, the analyst uses point-and-click access to retrieve from the video archive additional video clips related to the target video clip. The analyst searches for relevant video clips by specifying data on location, time, object classification, object behavior or other derived information. The video analyst controls all parameters relating to classification, time compression, summarization and presentation. For a specific video clip, the software automatically: � Calibrates the ground plane; � Segregates objects and background; � Calculates size and velocities of the objects; � Creates an object data base that includes properties of the object; � Classifies objects according to rules established by the video analyst; and � Renders a presentation based on settings established by the analyst.

SET ASSOC. CORP. 1005 N. Glebe Rd. Suite 400 Arlington, VA 22201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(240) 965-9961 Gavin Rosenbush DARPA 08-022 Awarded: 1/8/2009
Title:	Summarization, Visualization and Browsing of Massive Video Archives
Abstract:	Combat aerial videos are invaluable for tactical military operations, but analyzing and retrieving videos can become a burden as the size of the archive increases. Automated techniques to represent, analyze, and query pertinent video content from vast archives are necessary. We break the problem down into three steps: video pre-processing, summarization at the coarse and finer levels, and visualization and browsing of the query results. In this SBIR Phase I effort, we propose to develop algorithms for visualization, summarization and browsing to allow video analysts to quickly examine and filter large amounts of combat aerial video. Our system will use in-house pre-processing algorithms for video stabilization, detection, and tracking. We will use flow field analysis for sequence segmentation and coarse summarization, and 3D non-rigid factorization analysis for finer summarization of combat videos. The system will provide automated summarization and interactive visualization and browsing of the videos. The outcome of this process will be rapid analysis and browsing of video sequences, enabling analysts to exploit combat videos at will.

Signal Processing, Inc. 13619 Valley Oak Circle Rockville, MD 20850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(240) 505-2641 Chiman Kwan DARPA 08-022 Awarded: 1/26/2009
Title:	An Event-driven Approach to Efficient Summarization, Visualization, and Browsing of Massive Combat Video Database
Abstract:	We propose a systematic solution to the problem of efficient summarization, visualization, and browsing of large combat video archives. Our approach is event-driven: spatio- temporal saliency is used to define significant visual events, which is in turn used in an event-based video model to partition the video into interleaved salient and less significant segments. Each of the two types of segments will then be summarized properly, with the salient segments been kept at higher spatio-temporal resolution while less significant segments being highly condensed. Such an approach naturally leads to a visualization and browsing scheme that can facilitate the consumption of the large amount of video data based on the relative importance of the raw video feeds, thus helping human analysts achieve efficient examination of the video without the drawbacks of conventional techniques that would discard some of the input data by thresholding or filtering. The innovation of the proposed approach include: 1) a unique method to define the significant segments (�events�) of a video based on saliency detection that can deal with low resolution videos; 2) high performance summarization schemes for different portions of the video based on their relative importance; 3) a novel visualization scheme to support event-driven non-linear browsing of the video feeds.

Charles River Analytics Inc. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Daniel Gutchess DARPA 08-023 Awarded: 2/12/2009
Title:	Efficient Video Event Retrieval using Ensemble Subspace Techniques (EVEREST)
Abstract:	As the use of persistent aerial video surveillance has grown, the means to produce imagery has far outstripped the means to exploit imagery. Due to this discrepancy, video is often archived for off-line review, resulting in massive video databases that are drastically under-utilized today. To help analysts locate valuable intelligence residing in these databases, we propose a system for Efficient Video Event Retrieval using Ensemble Subspace Techniques, or EVEREST. The system automatically extracts from video a hierarchical set of descriptors encoding several distinct levels of semantic concepts. EVEREST constructs an ensemble of randomized indexes over descriptor subspaces, called a random decision forest (RDF). In contrast to the difficulties encountered by most other indexing techniques in high-dimensionality spaces, our RDF- based indexing method effectively exploits the large number of dimensions by executing database searches and updates in parallel across the ensemble of decision trees. To ensure scalability, we will leverage modern commodity multi-processor architectures. EVEREST�s interface allows analysts to query the database for video that exhibits similarity to a given exemplar video, where similarity is interactively defined by selecting attributes of interest about the video. Search results may be iteratively refined by flagging positive and negative matches and re-executing the query.

DECISIVE ANALYTICS Corporation 1235 South Clark Street Suite 400 Arlington, VA 22202
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 414-5098 Bruce Swett DARPA 08-023 Awarded: 5/14/2009
Title:	Video Analysis and Dynamic Event Recognition (VADER) Engine
Abstract:	The proliferation of the battlefield with UAVs and stationary cameras has created a virtual mountain of video data. Some of that data gets analyzed thoroughly, but most does not. It is simply archived away. Buried within this mountain of video data is a virtual treasure trove of valuable intelligence that currently cannot be easily retrieved. New, advanced wide area sensors and the increasing deployment of UAVs and ground-based cameras are accelerating the growth of our archives, causing more and more of this valuable intelligence to go unutilized. The key to providing a robust video search capability is in the ability to accurately represent the content of the video in a compact, meaningful form that can be understood both by analysts and the software algorithms that will be used for rapid search and comparison. This requires both the ability to massively reduce the dimensionality of the content and the ability to represent it in a format that supports rapid search. To meet this challenge, DECISIVE ANALYTICS Corporation will leverage our on- going research in video exploitation algorithms and probabilistic relationship modeling to augment a cutting edge video pattern recognition technique to address the challenges associated with a content-based video query paradigm.

Mayachitra, Inc. 5266 Hollister Avenue, Suite 299 Santa Barbara, CA 93111
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 967-9828 Kaushal Solanki DARPA 08-023 Awarded: 1/14/2009
Title:	ViSearch: An Interactive Search and Retrieval Tool for Large Video Databases
Abstract:	we present ViSearch, an interactive video search and retrieval tool that will enable seamless articulation of complex queries and fast retrieval of relevant video clips from large video repositories. The approach, leveraging on our extensive experience with large aerial image and video databases, involves building a multi-layered indexing structure, that can seamlessly support interactive query articulation and refinement.

Advanced Numerical Design, LLC 91 Peter Coutts Circle Stanford, CA 94305
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 906-1766 Patrick LeGresley DARPA 08-024 Awarded: 2/3/2009
Title:	Unsteady Aeroelastic Analysis and Store Separation Using Hardware Accelerators
Abstract:	This work addresses the task of dramatically accelerating the computation of 3-D unsteady aeroelastic and store separation flows via the use of commodity Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). Particular emphasis is given to the end-to-end GPU acceleration of a complete application, viz. ANDSolver, which solves the unsteady compressible Euler equations (Phase I) and the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (Phase II) on dynamic overset unstructured meshes. Novel data structures, graph coloring, and thread memory sharing are employed so that the high performance memory hierarchy on GPUs is efficiently utilized even for computations arising from unstructured meshes. Preliminary single GPU acceleration experiments for the numerical flux computation in ANDSolver show a 20x performance speedup over a single high-end COTS CPU. From projected improvements in GPU hardware, single GPU performance speedups of 30x to 50x are expected during Phase I & II.

EM Photonics, Incorporated 51 East Main Street Suite 203 Newark, DE 19711
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(302) 456-9003 Michael Bodnar DARPA 08-024 Awarded: 2/10/2009
Title:	GPU-Based CFD Analysis for Modeling Complex UAV Flight Scenarios
Abstract:	Recent advances in computing have produced special-purpose hardware comprised of vector processors streamlined for high-performance computations. Development of these devices, such as graphics processing units (GPUs) and the Cell Broadband Engine (Cell Processor), has been advanced by the videogame industry. In an effort to increase flexibility and enter new markets, vendors have increased platform usability and opened up underlying hardware constructs to general computing uses. In this project, we focus on leveraging the computational power of commodity graphics hardware to develop a high-performance computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool capable of rapidly and accurately modeling aircraft interaction with naval vessels, or the dynamic interface (DI). This project is divided into two areas: implementation of a CFD formulation able to simulate complex DI scenarios on programmable graphics technology, and the development of an integration framework that will tune the system specifically for DI problems. Phase I consists of building a prototype flow solver in hardware, and also developing the plan for integration to be carried out during Phase II. This plan will describe an overset grid scheme to enable moving body simulation, coupled flight dynamics with control feedback for real-time flight simulations, and system scalability to increase problem size and computational throughput.

Exogi LLC 3680 Boulder Hwy. Las Vegas, NV 89121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(702) 845-4582 Craig Steele DARPA 08-024 Awarded: 2/3/2009
Title:	Graph-Matching Accelerator (GMA)
Abstract:	We propose to explore the applicability of COTS general-purpose graphics processing units (GPGPU) to approximate graph matching problems, in order to dramatically improve the speed and utility of DoD-relevant processing areas such as machine vision, target recognition and social network analysis.

Space Computer Corporation 12121 Wilshire Boulevard Suite 910 Los Angeles, CA 90025
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 481-6000 William Schaff DARPA 08-024 Awarded: 2/23/2009
Title:	Novel Accelerator Architectures for HSI Detection and Identification
Abstract:	Utilization of specialized COTS processors for high-throughput functions of hyperspectral detection processing will enable the next generation of small, lightweight UAVs to provide target detection and identification currently only available on larger and more expensive aircraft. Next generation UAV platforms will require sensor systems with smaller footprints and lighter weight than the current generation of Hyperspectral sensor systems. Space Computer Corporation (SCC) proposes to enhance the computational performance of key HSI algorithms by utilizing the capabilities of Graphics Processor Units (GPUs). This proposal describes an approach that couples the power of GPUs with simple PC-based processing architectures to significantly reduce the size of airborne, real-time processors. This use of GPUs, coupled with the recent development of small HSI instruments, will enable cost-effective use of small, inexpensive platforms to support target detection and identification applications previously reserved for large UAV or airborne platforms.

Weidlinger Associates, Inc. 375 Hudson St FL 12 New York, NY 10014
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(212) 367-3000 Najib Abboud DARPA 08-024 Awarded: 7/27/2009
Title:	Novel Accelerator Architectures for Critical DoD Application
Abstract:	Large scale shock physics simulations comprise a critical element of the analysis of the survivability of ships and submarines in response to underwater explosions, subsurface bunker vulnerability to ground shock, and response of buildings and vehicles to airborne explosions. Explicit time-domain finite element methods have proven to be a necessity for the successful simulation of such problems, with the proviso that the software itself be subject to rigorous verification and validation. Capturing multiscale shock physics phenomena in all its detail requires ever increasing resolutions in space and time and therefore, software and hardware methods for these critical DoD applications must be continually pushed to the limits of available technology. Much of the critical validation data is classified, limiting the number of software tools which can reasonably be considered valid for this class of problem. WAI proposes the acceleration of its validated, explicit, time-domain Lagrangian shock physics code FUSE using GPUs. Using a validated, in- house computer code will result in reduced development time and costs. This project will endeavor to deliver shock physics computer codes faster by an order of magnitude, cutting down the time involved in solving practical shock physics from weeks to days.

Ablaze Systems LLC 2488 Carpenter Hill Rd Bennington, VT 05201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(802) 447-1090 Silvio Eberhardt DARPA 08-025 Awarded: 4/20/2009
Title:	Tactical Telehaptic Communication (HAPTAC)
Abstract:	The goal for our research is to devise effective haptic information delivery with minimal training. To do this requires engaging pre-existing haptic perceptual capabilities. It is unrealistic to expect that large numbers of Soldiers will train for hundreds of hours to master a complex haptic information display, particularly, if its use would capture most of their attention in battlefield situations. From this perspective, the challenge of the proposed work is to identify a set of haptic patterns that are of the greatest value to the soldier, and which can be readily perceived without time-consuming training and without cognitive loading. Certainly the soldier must not perceive the haptic information to interfere with concentration on critical tasks: Rather, it should assist in the effective performance of tasks.

COLLABORATIVE WORK SYSTEMS (CWS), INC. 1414 Walden Oaks Place Plant City, FL 33563
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 528-9498 Roger Chapman DARPA 08-025 Awarded: 12/19/2008
Title:	Tactical Telehaptic Communication (HAPTAC)
Abstract:	The use of tactile displays for intra-squad communications offers a number of advantages: they are non-illuminating and can be acoustically covert, the stimuli cannot be overlooked, and they can alleviate sensory bottlenecks. Implementing an effective tactile display for receiving standard intra-squad communications is therefore useful, but we additionally propose supporting flexible and natural multimodal transmission of intra-squad communications, and utilization of wireless, GPS, and electronic compass technologies to facilitate improving team geospatial situation awareness via the tactile display. Our solution is grounded by realistic and high-value scenarios and both lab and field experiments will be used to evaluate and improve our design.

Design Interactive, Inc. 1221 E. Broadway, Suite 110 Oviedo, FL 32765
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 706-0977 Kelly Hale DARPA 08-025 Awarded: 6/1/2009
Title:	Tactical Telehaptic Communication (HAPTAC)
Abstract:	The current effort proposes the conceptualization of a portable, low power, lightweight, unobtrusive, real time, tactile communication display system which provides real-time information to squad members during operations where the use of audio or vision is limited. Under this effort, investigators will build upon previous success in developing a tactile display device that displays 56 distinct tactor symbols representing special operations forces hand signal communications. During Phase I, investigators will expand the communication language based on symbol construction rules and context-free grammar production rules for presenting complex information associated with mission level, squad level and individual squad member information requirements critical to maintaining situation awareness during mission performance. This will include consideration of both verbal and hand signal communications during approach to and objective completion. The goal of the HAPTAC system will be to expand the vocabulary of the previously developed tactile display system while at the same time reducing size, weight and power requirements. The HAPTAC system will be fully developed in Phase II based on the system conceptualized during Phase I. The resultant haptic communication display system will enhance information throughput, situation awareness, and performance of squad leaders and team members by utilizing human multimodal information processing capabilities.

Engineering Acoustics, Inc. 406 Live Oaks Blvd Casselberry, FL 32707
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 645-5444 Bruce Mortimer DARPA 08-025 Awarded: 1/15/2009
Title:	Tactical Telehaptic Communication (HAPTAC)
Abstract:	Combat environments can subject personnel to extreme conditions, testing the limits of both their physical and cognitive abilities. The sense of touch offers a relatively untapped channel for communications on the battlefield, and tactile displays can be an effective communication modality even under situations of high user stress and where conventional communication channels are compromised. This proposal leverages off EAI�s prior work in tactile display technology, and addresses the development of a HAPTAC system comprising a tactile display (an array of body-referenced vibratory transducers), communications link (secure radio) and an innovative human interface. We propose to extend tactile message display capabilities, increase the communication bandwidth and address methods for increasing the message recognition and error handling. Our overall goal is to provide an intelligent tactile communications and display system for communication of tactical information between soldiers at the squad level.

Mide Technology Corporation 200 Boston Avenue Suite 1000 Medford, MA 02155
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 306-0609 Marthinus Schoor DARPA 08-025 Awarded: 4/23/2009
Title:	Expendable Wireless Graphical Flex Terminal and Body-Worn Computer
Abstract:	Currently, communication between soldiers at the squad level is mainly limited to voice and hand signals. However, the realities of combat, including loud noise such as explosions, and line-of-sight obstructions, often degrade these communications. DARPA is interested in exploring the use of tactile human interfaces as an alternative communications channel between soldiers. The initial goal is to quantify the amount of information that can be received by a wearer relative to conventional hand signals, subject to real-world attention and perception limitations. Typical vibrotactile array approaches (e.g. vibrating motors) do not provide the actuator speed or control needed to adequately quantify this figure. Mide proposes a high-speed, conformable, direct-touch tactile array based on the piezoelectric principle, leveraging Mide�s existing QuickPack/PowerAct manufacturing process. This array will provide direct, continuous control of the position, velocity, and phase of each actuator (tactor), ensuring that the human body, not the test apparatus, is the limiting factor in continuing research. Since each piezotactor is also a sensor, the array doubles as an intuitive tactile input device.

DECISIVE ANALYTICS Corporation 1235 South Clark Street Suite 400 Arlington, VA 22202
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 682-1738 Ken Smith DARPA 08-026 Awarded: 1/13/2009
Title:	Massively Scalable Themes, Entities and Relationships (MASTER)
Abstract:	Discovering the important evidence in the form of activities, actors and relationships in a sea of open source data requires the ability to extract and correlate seemingly unrelated pieces of data, distinguish that data from the noise of harmless civilian activity and find the hidden attributes and relationships that characterize the true threat. To meet these requirements, the DAC BOBCAT Team proposes a new suite of algorithms that enable current NLP applications to be immediately available across all levels of military intelligence. We call this approach the Massively Scalable Themes, Entities, and Relationships (MASTER). In the MASTER approach, we overcome the scalability limitations of current NLP approaches while also enabling the tactical warfighter to focus queries based on discovered context and relations. The development of the MASTER approach for the tactical warfighter will result in a suite of algorithms that will support all levels of the fight. The current suite of BOBCAT algorithms, which already advance the state of the art in statistical theme discovery, executes on enterprise platforms at the strategic and operational levels. The MASTER algorithms will specifically focus on the tactical levels with limited computing footprints and large amounts of open-source data.

I.D.E.A.L. Technology Corporation 12633 Challenger Parkway Suite 270 Orlando, FL 32826
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 999-9870 Anthony Awtrey DARPA 08-026 Awarded: 4/16/2009
Title:	Open Source Information Tactical Exploitation (ONSITE)
Abstract:	The discovery of textual information on digital media�emails, documents, messages, and the like�during tactical operations can provide evidence to the warfighter about possible future enemy operations, movements, or attacks. Unfortunately, the sheer volume of such information that may be discovered during tactical operations precludes extensive, on-site computational analysis. High throughput, but efficient, methods must be employed to analyze large volumes of text to reveal any usable information, which can then be stored and later analyzed using desktop computer workstations. To address this significant problem, I.D.E.A.L. Technology Corporation and Knexient, Inc. propose STREAM, a fast text analysis module designed to provide additional natural language processing capabilities for the System for TRIaging Key Evidence (STRIKE�) platform. Specifically, STREAM finds named entities and a set of binary relations between entities in free text, which are extracted and made available in the STRIKE application interface to help warfighters quickly find mission-critical information in text sources discovered during exploitation operations. Additionally, STREAM will use the Hierarchical Document Classification system (HDC) from Knexient�s Text Processing Engine (TPE) to initially classify text according to topic and primary event (the main event expressed in the discourse).

Knowledge Based Systems, Inc. 1408 University Drive East College Station, TX 77840
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(979) 260-5274 Dan Corlette DARPA 08-026 Awarded: 6/2/2009
Title:	Open Source Information Tactical Exploitation (ONSITE)
Abstract:	We propose to design and demonstrate the ONSITE Natural Language Processing technology. ONSITE uses innovative approach to NLP focused on achieving state of the art processing throughput in the presence of noisy input data which achieving semantically rich extractions from unstructured open source text to support tactical applications requiring accelerated operational timelines. ONSITE seeks to strike the correct balance in the design of NLP algorithms for fast execution on a single laptop computer while still providing useful semantically rich extractions. Floating-point and math related operations are limited in favor of optimized heuristics leading to higher rates of CPU throughput and at the same time supporting the structuring of calculations to allow increased CPU cache utilization. ONSITE incorporates the use of specially constructed ontologies to increase processing throughput and increased semantic resolution of extractions. The initial ONSITE application proposed by KBSI is influence operations targeted at enemy networks both physical (existing in the real world) and virtual (existing online). However, the set of supported tactical applications provided by ONSITE may be extended to different tactical application areas including patrol mission planning, insurgent extraction, hostage rescue, and targeting.

Modus Operandi, Inc. 122 Fourth Avenue Indialantic, FL 32903
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 984-3370 Richard Hull DARPA 08-026 Awarded: 4/22/2009
Title:	ONSITE: Open Source Information Tactical Exploitation
Abstract:	Modus Operandi proposes the development of ONSITE, a set of scalable and accurate algorithms for extracting semantic relations from open source information. This algorithm and process supports warfighter tactical operations by providing near real-time situational awareness. Warfighters performing missions involving the hostage rescue, insurgent extraction and targeting may only have minutes to assess a tactical situation and then to act. Today, a large amount of intelligence is unavailable because it resides in the form of natural language texts (news stories, blogs, press releases and other unstructured data). Current approaches, coupled with appropriate extraction algorithms and applied to textual data, can greatly increase the warfighter�s understanding of his operating environment if those approaches can be made faster and more accurate. We propose to adapt state of the art algorithms in rote extraction to work within a robust, distributed computing framework. We also plan to extend a pattern discovery methodology to identify more specific relation contexts. These innovative capabilities will significantly improve the warfighter�s access to timely and accurate information necessary for tactical operations.

Kitware 28 Corporate Drive Clifton Park, NY 12065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 371-3971 Amitha Perera DARPA 08-027 Awarded: 2/9/2009
Title:	Tracking the Little Things in Big Urban Scenes
Abstract:	Detecting and tracking dismounts in wide-area aerial video is a challenging task because of low resolution, parallax, occlusions from buildings and other structures, nuisance motion, and low frame rate on some sensors. We propose a multi-target tracking system that will robustly track dismounts and vehicles too in these scenes. Our approach addresses the challenges by using multi-frame analysis to accurately detect the small, low-contrast movers, and using a track linking framework to preserve identity across occlusions. The multi-target tracking system is designed to track individuals in and through groups, using a discriminative formulation which allows the accurate localization of a target while actively avoiding other targets and the background. Our approach easily incorporates domain knowledge and context such as road networks, scene categorizations (road, building, etc), and 3-d reconstructions. Moreover, our approach can model, learn, and utilize the dynamic patterns of the targets. For example, we can learn the expected paths taken by objects, and learn relationships between when and where objects are occluded, and when and where they reappear. This enables our approach, over time, to adapt itself to the scene. The result of Phase I will be an assessment of the difficulties of detecting and tracking dismounts in wide-area urban aerial video.

ObjectVideo 11600 Sunrise Valley Drive Suite # 290 Reston, VA 20191
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 654-9300 Khurram Hassan-Shafique DARPA 08-027 Awarded: 1/27/2009
Title:	Dismount Tracking in Urban Scenes
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I project will demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of novel statistical models and deferred inference based techniques for robust detection and tracking of small targets in low spatial-resolution and frame-rate aerial videos. The key innovations in this effort include i) Bernoulli variable based statistical target detection framework that detects small targets by jointly modeling spatio-temporal properties of scene background and sensor geometry, ii) efficient multi-frame multi-target tracking algorithm that explicitly models common dismount tracking scenarios such as, track initiations and terminations, occlusions, target interactions, grouping behaviors, and noisy detections in a single optimization framework, and iii) forensic analysis system that enables the analysts to nominate a target of interest and efficiently determine its trajectory, the targets and objects that it interacts with, the trajectories of interacting targets, and the locations and times of interactions. The project will also benefit from ObjectVideo�s ongoing research activities on context based reasoning for false alarm reduction, context extraction, parallax modeling, and target detection in compressed aerial videos. The Phase I effort will include: development of proposed detection and tracking algorithms to enable the proposed forensic analysis system, demonstration of proof of concept, and quantitative evaluation of the proposed technologies.

SET Associates Corporation 1005 N. Glebe Rd. Suite 400 Arlington, VA 22201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(240) 965-9967 Yang Ran DARPA 08-027 Awarded: 6/16/2009
Title:	Real Time Detection and Tracking of Dismounts from Aerial Surveillance Imagery
Abstract:	Video surveillance for large-format imagery from airborne sensors represents a rapidly expanding source of information for counter-insurgent and counter-terrorist operations. Automated techniques to locate, represent, and recognize pertinent dismounts from vast video archives are becoming critical. Dismounts are non-rigid objects undergoing unpredictable/non linear motion and move slowly compared to vehicles. In this SBIR Phase I effort, we propose to build a video tracking module which consists of tools to reliably detect and track large number of dismounts from aerial video sensors. Our effort integrates in house algorithms for characterization of sensor motion and slow-moving targets detection, an adaptive non-linear appearance-based non-rigid tracking algorithm, an efficient multiple hypothesis target management module, and an on-line tracking evaluation component which can work in the absence of ground truth data. Our approach allows a threaded implementation with the capability of scaling to multi-core computers.

21st Century Technologies Inc. 4515 Seton Center Parkway Suite 320 Austin, TX 78759
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 342-0010 Thayne Coffman DARPA 08-028 Awarded: 5/19/2009
Title:	3DWAR: 3D Wide Area Reconstruction
Abstract:	The 3D Wide Area Reconstruction (3DWAR) effort brings the operational benefits of superior 3D reconstructions to the warfighter. Superior performance is achieved by combining super-resolution (SR) and computational stereo processing to reconstruct 3D models of the combat environment with voxel size of one half the imagery ground sample distance. If input data has sufficient 3D visual effects to support stereo reconstruction, then those effects are also sufficient to derail any SR processing that does not explicitly account for them. We extend our multi-view Accumulation-Based Modeling (ABM) computational stereo approach to tailor it to the operational problem. ABM is naturally compatible with wide field of view and rolling shutter cameras due to its unique approaches to evidence fusion and interpretation. Phase 1 establishes the feasibility of the proposed technical approach with three spirals of theoretic and empirical analysis. Together, these spirals lay a solid foundation for Phase 2 by providing proof of concept implementations and quantitative performance analyses of the approach. Phase 2 will augment and fully develop the most promising variations, and demonstrate an integrated engineering prototype on operationally relevant imagery. The proposed work leverages our past experience in computational stereo and super-resolution, as well as our existing stereo capabilities.

Applied Science Innovations, Inc. 185 Jordan Road Troy, NY 12180
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 833-6897 Mikhail Gutin DARPA 08-028 Awarded: 2/18/2009
Title:	High Resolution 3D Reconstruction from Wide-Area Video
Abstract:	Applied Science Innovations, Inc. in collaboration with Lockheed Martin Corporation proposes development of the Super-resolved Volumetric Imagery from Video Aerial Surveillance (SVIVAS) � a novel set of image processing algorithms to produce, with modern wide area video sensors, highly accurate 3D models of the area under surveillance, with voxel sizes one-half of the sensor fundamental ground sample distance or better. Emerging wide-area video sensors such as Autonomous Real-time Ground Ubiquitous Surveillance - Imaging System (ARGUS-IS) cover large areas at high resolution. New techniques of superresolution and 3D model reconstruction with observations from multiple perspectives will advance capabilities of such systems even further. The proposed SVIVAS will provide 3D reconstruction with resolution better than half the ground sample distance from aerial imagers similar to ARGUS-IS, while addressing computational efficiency, effect of rolling shutter, superresolution beyond limitations by pixel sampling and by the optics, distortion and perspective correction due to wide field of view (>60 degrees), and other critical issues specific to imagers similar to ARGUS-IS. Limited to feasibility studies, Phase I will identify computationally efficient methods for 3D reconstructions across wide field of view electro-optic sensors on fixed- wing flying platforms. In Phase II, computationally efficient 3D reconstruction algorithms will be implemented for wide-field-of-view system similar to ARGUS-IS.

Charles River Analytics Inc. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Jonah McBride DARPA 08-028 Awarded: 6/30/2009
Title:	Terrain Reconstruction Using Super-resolution Techniques (TRUST)
Abstract:	Persistent Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) is playing an increasingly important role in modern warfare and has spurred the development of large-format imaging sensors that will continuously image an entire city or town at a ground sample distance (GSD) as small as 10cm. Deployed on a moving aerial platform, the opportunity naturally arises to use these sensors to create 3D stereo reconstructions of the terrain for use in mission planning and situational awareness. However, achieving acceptable depth resolution and accuracy is difficult from high altitudes. This problem is made worse by rolling shutter artifacts in the images resulting from the use of low-cost CMOS sensors. To address these challenges, we propose a system for Terrain Reconstruction Using Super-resolution Techniques (TRUST). We address the resolution problem first by combining short sequences of similar images into a single high-resolution image using super-resolution techniques. These images are then used as input into a novel multi-view stereo matching algorithm that fuses together multiple depth maps for maximum accuracy. A scheduling module ensures that images are captured far enough apart to achieve the desired voxel resolution of less than half the original GSD. An image preprocessing component removes rolling shutter distortion and other artifacts.

Kitware 28 Corporate Drive Clifton Park, NY 12065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 371-3971 Amitha Perera DARPA 08-028 Awarded: 1/28/2009
Title:	Super 3D from Video
Abstract:	We propose to develop a novel approach to extracting 3D structure from wide-area video with sub-pixel accuracy. Multiple redundant video frames from very similar viewpoints enable super-resolution, while multiple frames from separated viewpoints enable 3D structure estimation. In our approach we will combine elements of the two processes through a variant of space carving, while avoiding the challenge of sub-pixel registration required for super-resolution. Our approach is based on voxel removal, where 3D volumetric elements are removed or �carved� out of an initial cube when their appearance is not consistent with multiple images. We will enhance space carving with edge-based analysis. Edges provide sub-pixel localization in each image, and by combining highly localized edges on occluding contours from different viewpoints we can achieve sub- pixel localization in 3D. In Phase 1, we will develop an initial end-to-end algorithm by enhancing our current techniques for space carving to include edge information. We will develop a method for regularization of the surfaces between edges, which are otherwise unconstrained and can drift away from the true geometry. The algorithm will be compared to reconstruction using super-resolved images, and we will examine the performance impact of various sensor effects such as rolling shutters and motion blur.

Charles River Analytics Inc. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Jonah McBride DARPA 08-029 Awarded: 5/7/2009
Title:	Moving Object Tracking Onboard a Moving Platform (MOTO-MP)
Abstract:	Mobile robots are a valuable asset to warfighters, keeping them out of harms way while remotely conducting dangerous bomb-disposal and reconnaissance missions. Autonomous and semi-autonomous operation of these robots would provide additional benefit by freeing up the attention of the operator for other tasks such as personal safety. It also increases usability and reduces training time. Thus far, efforts to develop automation have been limited to static environments. There is considerable resistance to autonomous operation in dynamic environments (which feature multiple humans, robots or vehicles) due to the risk of collision and other safety issues. We propose an approach for �Moving Object Tracking Onboard a Moving Platform�, or MOTO-MP. It enables a robot to detect and track multiple moving objects in a scene while in motion. Unlike traditional approaches which struggle to identify moving objects when the entire scene is in motion, MOTO-MP employs a simple but robust approach involving tracking in image space, an epipolar Hough space, and the 3D world space. A particle filter tracks clusters of moving features, rejecting false tracks, and a Kalman filter predicts the trajectory of objects in world space so that a robot�s navigation and path planning system can avoid collisions.

Dragonfly Pictures, Inc. PO Box 202 West End of Second Street Essington, PA 19029
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(917) 324-4654 Bob Rellim DARPA 08-029 Awarded: 5/18/2009
Title:	Detecting and Tracking Multiple Moving Objects from a Moving Platform
Abstract:	Research is proposed to investigate the feasibility of a novel tracking algorithm that uses spatial context to reason about long term intentions. While it is hard to fully anticipate a person's behavior, we can generate a set of reasonable hypotheses about it by selecting a number of high-level goals for known persons (e.g., a civilian goes to a store or home, a soldier searches for cover, a biker stops at a red light). This innovative technique will fit into a larger effort to detect and track heterogeneous moving obstacles (e.g., cars, humans, and aircraft) in crowded and cluttered environments where multiple occlusions occur. In general, Phase I research will seek to enable: 1) Extraction and tracking of moving objects from moving stereo images in an environment full of moving objects; 2) Tracking of moving objects using short-range prediction techniques; 3) Deduction of a spatial context from moving stereo images; and 4) Tracking of frequently occluded moving objects using long-term behavior reasoning � the essential innovation. Phase I testing will evaluate the performance of the algorithm both on the ground and in the air.

Kitware 28 Corporate Drive Clifton Park, NY 12065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 371-3971 Anthony Hoogs DARPA 08-029 Awarded: 2/5/2009
Title:	Tracking Everything Around Me
Abstract:	We propose to develop and conduct initial evaluations of real time computer vision algorithms for detecting and tracking people and other movers from robot mounted video cameras. The rapid sensor motion and depth of field motivates the use of direct shape and appearance-based methods for detection and tracking, instead of detecting pixel changes against a background model. The detection and tracking algorithms need to manage frequent and sometimes severe occlusions arising from crowded conditions. Our approach has three processing levels. First, objects are detected using shape-based methods tuned to humans or other objects. Then multiple objects are tracked simultaneously using a novel multi-target particle filter that dynamically handles grouping behaviors. Finally, scene content is extracted and used to link tracks across long occlusions using a global optimization. In Phase 1, we will develop an initial end-to-end algorithm by enhancing our current techniques for each processing step. The feasibility of tracking under difficult conditions will be investigated by measuring tracking performance under various levels of inter-object occlusions, object size and camera motion.

Robotic Research LLC 814 W. Diamond Ave. Suite 301 Gaithersburg, MD 20878
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(240) 631-0008 Alberto Lacaze DARPA 08-029 Awarded: 6/11/2009
Title:	Multi-sensor Detection and Tracking using Traversability Based Prediction
Abstract:	In order for fully autonomous robots to be integrated effectively into small combat teams, unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) must maneuver safely and intelligently among military ground forces and non-combatants. To achieve such robust obstacle detection capability in unstructured environments, it is necessary to fuse information from various sensor modalities. Under various programs in the past, our team has developed obstacle detection/tracking capabilities using Ladar, LWIR and a visible light camera. The team created by Robotic Research, LLC (RR) and General Dynamics Robotic Systems (GDRS) provides a unique set of expertise and on the field experience that cannot be matched in the industry. Kalman filters are the most common approach for tracking and prediction of obstacles but are extremely limited in complex environments. The TACTIC prediction system will drastically increase the efficacy of tracking behind occlusions and in highly cluttered terrain. Our team has the exclusive capability to leverage detection algorithms, planning algorithms, simulation environments, and actual robotic vehicles that are required to make this project a success.

SET Associates Corporation 1005 N. Glebe Rd. Suite 400 Arlington, VA 22201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 356-2386 Yanlin Guo DARPA 08-029 Awarded: 2/4/2009
Title:	Detecting and Tracking Multiple Moving Objects from a Moving Platform
Abstract:	Successful detection and tracking of multiple moving objects from a ground robot will greatly facilitate important military tactical missions such as path planning, while operating safely amongst humans. Despite extensive research over past decades, robust and efficient visual detection and tracking from a moving platform in unconstrained real-world environments remains challenging. Most existing algorithms make specific assumptions. SET Corporation proposes to develop a persistent multiple moving object detection and tracking system for an autonomous vehicle equipped with stereo cameras with optional LIDAR input. Our system integrates motion & stereo computation, object recognition, tracking, and trajectory analysis to efficiently and reliably detect multiple discrete moving or static objects for a long period of time. The computation is based on a unique competition and collaboration framework. At local level, 3D spatial objects occupying the same pixels in 2D image planes compete with each other to best explain both spatial and temporal evidence. At global long term trajectory level, object trajectories that are easy to track and maintain high confidence are used to guide the association of trajectories with less confidence. The collaboration is formulated using motion and appearance context. The resulting approach can initialize automatically and track a large and varying number of human and vehicular objects over long periods and through complex scenes with clutter, occlusions, and large-scale background changes. Moreover, an in-situ tracking evaluation scheme is utilized to systematically assess the tracking performance.

DRAGONFLY PICTURES, INC. PO Box 202 West End of Second Street Essington, PA 19029
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(917) 324-4654 Bob Rellim DARPA 08-030 Awarded: 1/5/2009
Title:	Path Planner for Dynamic Environments
Abstract:	Research is proposed to investigate the feasibility of a path planning module that makes use of time-bounded lattices to avoid potential collisions in dynamic environments. The challenge of planning in a dynamic environment is two-fold. First, tracking and predicting the trajectories of dynamic obstacles (e.g., cars, humans, and aircraft) is very noisy. Second, planning with dynamic obstacles requires adding time as a dimension to the planning problem. Paths need to be re-computed frequently because dynamic obstacles are constantly in motion. To deal with the uncertainty inherent in predictions, our research will investigate a novel representation of dynamic obstacles that enables the planner to generate safe paths efficiently yet is general enough for use with wide variety of perception modules and sensor suites. Second, to provide real-time guarantees on the performance of the planner, we propose to utilize a novel data structure for planning � a time-bounded lattice. The innovative time-bounded lattice will be well-suited for use with previously developed re-planning algorithms that have already been successfully employed on a variety of unmanned ground vehicles.

RE2, Inc. 32 Thirty-Ninth St. Pittsburgh, PA 15201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(412) 681-6382 Patrick Rowe DARPA 08-030 Awarded: 5/1/2009
Title:	An Advanced Path-Planner for Militarily Relevant Environments
Abstract:	A path planner is an integral part of any unmanned vehicle that is intended to autonomously navigate to a desired goal location. Although a great deal of research has been done in the field of path planning, there are still unsolved issues that require additional work. This project proposes several innovations to existing path planning technology that can deal with a number of issues that arise in militarily relevant environments. These issues include planning paths in the presence of numerous moving and dynamic obstacles, such as dismounted soldiers, planning paths that take into account areas of poor or no GPS signals, and planning paths using information about the uncertainties in sensor data, obstacle locations, and the vehicle�s own location. The goal of this research and development effort is to produce path planning software and analysis tools for unmanned ground vehicles that can successfully operate in such militarily relevant environments.

Robotic Research LLC 814 W. Diamond Ave. Suite 301 Gaithersburg, MD 20878
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(240) 631-0008 Alberto Lacaze DARPA 08-030 Awarded: 6/10/2009
Title:	Three Dimensional Dynamic Environments Path Planner (3DDEPP)
Abstract:	Planning with dynamic entities is at the core of the "safe ops" risk identified by FCS' Autonomous Navigation System (ANS) and other robotic programs. Autonomous robotic systems will not be extensively deployed unless they can safely operate in environments sharing spaces with other dynamic entities. One of the biggest challenges is that most planning systems do not understand the idea of a dynamic entity. Robotic Research, LLC and General Dynamics Robotic Systems will create a planner for dynamic environments utilizing a 3D planning space (x,y,t) for ground vehicles and a 4D space for aerial vehicles (x,y,z,t). This will include integration of terrain registration into the (x,y,t) planner to provide a mapping between the relative navigation solution and the map navigation solution, development of an ego-graph based extension to the current (x,y,t) planner, developing a complex simulation environment for testing using RIVET and preliminary demonstration of a synchronized prediction planning system.

TORC Technologies, LLC 2200 Kraft Dr, Ste 1325 Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 443-9262 David Conner DARPA 08-030 Awarded: 1/23/2009
Title:	Path Planner for Dynamic Environments
Abstract:	Many modern approaches to autonomy use a layered planning technique where a conventional path planner plans a nominal desired path, and a reactive planner plans trajectories over a local region. In relatively structured environments with good localization, this layered approach has been proven to work well, as shown by TORC�s successful 3rd place entry in the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge. The overall goal of this Phase I SBIR program is to develop new planning algorithms that allow operation in environments with dynamic obstacles, and do not depend on idealized sensors or accurate global localization. TORC proposes to evaluate two distinct approaches during this Phase I feasibility study. The first approach will use new Rapidly Exploring Dense Tree (RDT/RRT)-based techniques to plan among possible actions. The second approach extends our previous success in the Urban Challenge by creating time indexed costs based on forward simulations of object behavior. This augmented cost map will leverage the ease of representation and searching trajectories, and provide a method of including object motion.

Kitware 28 Corporate Drive Clifton Park, NY 12065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 371-3971 Anthony Hoogs DARPA 08-031 Awarded: 3/10/2009
Title:	Human-Robot Instruction for Perceptual Teamwork
Abstract:	The utility of mobile robots would be greatly enhanced if they could be taught how to be competent, helpful members of military teams in the field. We propose a method for human instruction of robots, where the instructor teaches the robot how to recognize common situations and activities surrounding it, and how it should behave as part of those activities. Our approach is based on combining probabilistic models of group activities, prior domain and general knowledge, and human instruction. The instructor can guide the robot learning process by providing initial activity specifications, and corrections of the robot�s interpretation of its environment through noisy observations (tracks of nearby objects). In Phase 1, we will develop initial methods for activity model specification and learning with human instruction. We will use the system to investigate the tradeoff between prior knowledge, video training examples and human instruction. Greater levels of instruction can compensate for less training data, but would require more effort from the instructor.

21st Century Systems, Incorporated 6825 Pine Street, Suite 141 Omaha, NE 68106
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(402) 505-7908 Lucja Iwanska DARPA 08-032 Awarded: 8/5/2009
Title:	FolksART
Abstract:	Historically speaking, subjectivity was mostly considered as problematic and undesirable. Recently, the availability of the inherently subjective folksonomies has made it readily apparent that inherent subjectivity is highly desirable and that it can be accounted for and utilized by superimposing multiple structures onto data without requiring changes to the underlying data, thus addressing users� desires to organize data according to their own preferences. 21st Century systems, Incorporated is pleased to propose to research and develop our FolksART concept. This concept automates selected aspects of folksonomy- based, domain-independent contextual reasoning designed to reflect users� subjective preferences. It involves a rigorous formal notion of context and application and further development of two types of emerging Artificial Intelligence technologies: (1) Hybrid natural language processing, and (2) Natural language-based knowledge representation and reasoning. The project accounts for many types of high-level contextual reasoning, including contextual taxonomic inference and contextual classification. The approach is tested on rich user-tagged image and textual data in many different domains.

Fetch Technologies 841 Apollo St., Ste. 400 El Segundo, CA 90245
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 414-9849 Steven Minton DARPA 08-032 Awarded: 1/27/2009
Title:	Exposing Latent Information in Folksonomies for Reasoning
Abstract:	In this project, we propose to develop an approach for identifying and exposing the latent semantics within a folksonomy, which will in turn enable a new class of data integration applications. In previous work, we developed software enabling non-programmers to create web feeds, and a portal system for displaying that data in an integrated view. The new application we are proposing to develop in this project will enable domain-experts to automatically integrate webfeeds into the portal without any programming being required. To achieve this, we will be investigating the use of statistical relational learning to learn classification rules based on folksonomy metadata. The domain expert can then train the system to perform the integration task autonomously.

Global InfoTek, Inc 1920 Association Drive Suite 200 Reston, VA 20191
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 652-1600 Lance Forbes DARPA 08-032 Awarded: 4/24/2009
Title:	Exposing, Formalizing, and Reasoning over the Latent Semantics in Multimodal Domains
Abstract:	We aim to expose latent semantic information in folksonomies by mapping their tags through lexicons to ontologies and by applying other strategies, tools, and techniques to achieve high relevance and fidelity. We will analyze the problem space, select an appropriate domain and tools, and provide a detailed design for a system to provide the ability to reason over this latent semantic information. Our work will include the use of linguistic and other tools to permit rapid, accurate, and reliable mappings from �folksonomic� structures with weak or nonexistent semantics to formal ontologies, where high-level and sound reasoning will then be applicable to information previously opaque to such processing. We believe that an accurate and reliable methodology for mapping implicit semantics into explicit semantics is a critical factor in fulfilling the promise of the Semantic Web, , and that successful completion of our work plan will result in novel and powerful tools with significant value and relevance across a broad spectrum of applications, covering both military/intel and civilian/commercial domains and applications.

Image Matters 201 Loudoun Street SW Leesburg, VA 20175
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 669-5510 Yaser Bishr DARPA 08-032 Awarded: 6/16/2009
Title:	Exposing Latent Information in Folksonomies for Reasoning
Abstract:	A new family of what is known as Web 2.0 applications is currently emerging on the Web as means to create and share web resources. These applications include user-centric publishing and knowledge management platforms like Wikis and Blogs. Social resource sharing systems have acquired several million users in just few years. As the use of folksonomy proliferate users feel the need for more structure for better organizing their resources and enhance resource discovery and retrieval. We believe that exposing such latent structure will enhance user experience in a wide range of applications including situation awareness. We conjecture that a complete solution that is able to deduce latent structures in user vocabulary must account for controlled and uncontrolled vocabularies as well as the three elements of the social tagging triangle: people, tags, and resources. Controlled vocabularies could be as limited as domain ontology but it could also be as wide as Wordnet, Propbank or Framenet. In our view, a successful system design an implementation should not restrict to a specific vocabularies. Instead we propose to develop general solutions that extract latent structures in folksonomies through mapping to semantically richer controlled vocabularies.

Lymba Corporation 1701 N. Collins Blvd. Suite 3000 Richardson, TX 75080
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(972) 680-0800 Munirathnam Srikanth DARPA 08-032 Awarded: 4/28/2009
Title:	Inducing Ontologies from Folksonomies using Natural Language Understanding
Abstract:	Social bookmarking systems enable users to tag and organize documents according to their own subjective preferences. The collection of tags or folksonomy describes common resources of interest to the user community. The implicit meaning associated with the terms in a tag enables the discovery of other relevant documents and users with shared interests. Folksonomy lacks the hierarchy structure of taxonomy that facilitates better information access or the semantics of an ontology that yields to machine reasoning. The project proposes to make explicit the latent information structure in folksonomies by using natural language processing and automatic ontology generation from text. Phase I effort focuses on (1) the linguistic tools required to capture tag semantics from the tag text, social annotation and the textual content of tagged documents, (2) knowledge classification tools to organize the extracted semantics in an ontology, and (2) the candidate applications that can demonstrate the use of tag semantics. Different information access and discovery applications can use the underlying ontology structure to enable users browse the tag space, and mine new information and associations in social bookmarked data.

Stottler Henke Associates, Inc. 951 Mariners Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(206) 545-1478 Terrance Goan DARPA 08-032 Awarded: 1/15/2009
Title:	Using Bridging Knowledge to Expose Meaning and Structure in Folksonomic Tags
Abstract:	The burden of manually developing and maintaining ontologies to support the changing requirements of real-world applications represents a substantial barrier to the successful deployment of advanced information exploitation and knowledge management technologies. One promising approach to overcoming these challenges is to exploit the knowledge that is arising within Web 2.0 applications. These tools gather huge volumes of human insight by allowing users to organize multimedia information in a nearly effortless manner according to their own subjective preferences. However, researchers have only demonstrated a limited ability to automatically extract semantic knowledge from these resources. We propose to significantly improve the accuracy of tag enrichment processes through the automated extraction of relational information from news and Web text. The relational triples (x y) produced by this Open Information Extraction process will act as a bridge between incomplete and static ontologies and unstructured, dynamic folksonomies. This integrated approach will allow us to achieve much higher levels of recall than state of the art approaches, and will ultimately allow for the largely automated adaptation of ontologies. Our Phase I prototype will provide a solid foundation for the complete implementation of this semantic enrichment tool in Phase II and its eventual commercialization.

VIStology, Inc 5 Mountainview Drive Framingham, MA 01701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 788-5088 Brian Ulicny DARPA 08-032 Awarded: 4/14/2009
Title:	Exposing Latent Information in Folksonomies for Reasoning
Abstract:	User tagging by means of authority-free folksonomies has become standard for making online videos, photos, bookmarks and blog posts discoverable. We propose to develop a system that identifies and exposes the ontological structure that is latent in the folksonomic tags used in open, publicly available sites such as Flickr (photos), YouTube (video) and Blogger (blogs) and demonstrates the ability to perform higher order processing using the induced structure. Specifically, the technology developed will allow the system to identify photos, videos or blog posts about the same event by means of the tags applied in one medium (e.g. photos) in order to identify tagged items in another medium (videos or blog posts). We plan to use (i) the surrounding text, (ii) the user�s other tagging practices, and, most importantly, (iii) large-scale topic hierarchies used in DMOZ, Wikipedia (dbPedia) and lexical resources such as Beth Levin�s taxonomy of verb classes in order to tokenize and disambiguate the tags into unambiguous topics. These will then be mapped onto who, what, when, and where slots, and used to identify depictions of the same event in other media using a formal reasoner, VIStology�s BaseVISor, a forward-chaining OWL/RDF reasoner using r-entailment.

AID NETWORKS 7822 Whistling Pines Ct Ellicott City, MD 21043
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 799-2355 Tia Gao DARPA 08-033 Awarded: 1/6/2009
Title:	Hardware Independent Networked Active Sensor Middleware
Abstract:	The pioneering efforts within the DARPA SENSIT and NEST programs, proved the potential of wireless sensor network (WSN) technology for compelling DoD applications, including surveillance and target localization. These projects'' legacies include hardware platforms, used extensively in academic research today and the TinyOS software suite. At the same time, these programs revealed the limitations of passive sensors and the challenges of developing WSN applications. Not only application development is hard and error-prone, but the resulting code is tightly coupled with the underlying hardware and sensor suite. This tight integration prevents code reuse as the hardware and sending platforms evolve. In this project we will address both limitations through a hardware-independent middleware for multi-static WSNs. Doing so requires designing novel distributed target detection and localization algorithms for active WSNs. These algorithms maximize coverage while minimizing energy use. Furthermore, the middleware abstracts application logic from hardware intricacies. To do so, we introduce the programming abstractions and system services that evolve TinyOS to a system that provides a clear but flexible delineation between applications and an evolving kernel. The key innovation is the ability to provide this interface and the system services that define it at no expense of system efficiency.

The Samraksh Company 5860 Venture Drive, Suite A Dublin, OH 43017
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 443-1033 Kenneth Parker DARPA 08-033 Awarded: 3/2/2009
Title:	Standardized Hardware Independent Framework for Active Sensing
Abstract:	Networks of short-range wireless sensors can yield cost-effective solutions in diverse military and commercial settings, especially where occlusions render long-range sensors operationally ineffective. The current state-of-the-art in application design, however, falls short of realizing cost-effectiveness. We propose to address this problem via an open framework of sensing, high efficiency communication, and coordination services. Specifically, we advocate the development of this framework on top of the .NET Micro Framework. Our framework will focus on prototypical patterns from the domain of wireless sensor network applications for detection, classification, tracking, and localization. Software developers may thus rapidly build applications in this domain in a manner that is familiar and that adequately hides hardware platform considerations. We also propose to develop an integrated testing environment for efficient debugging, testing, and validation of new applications, sensors, and nodes. Phase I will also include analysis of the various options for obtaining MF platforms, include the option of supporting an open-source initiative. This framework will facilitate sales of our existing active sensor products as well as create new markets for software applications that we are in the process of creating, with additional external investment.

Intelligent Automation, Inc. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5236 Chujen Lin DARPA 08-034 Awarded: 1/29/2009
Title:	Reconfigurable Covert Wireless Video Streaming
Abstract:	Intelligent Automation, Inc. proposes to develop an innovative reconfigurable covert wireless video streaming device that can stream real-time video or control signals from various military gears, such as video/IR cameras, and sighting systems to remote locations or robotic platforms clandestinely. The superiority of the proposed approach is due to the use of four key elements: (1) Ultra-wideband (UWB) radio providing a covert wireless link with high throughput; (2) JPEG2000 codec for robust and low-latency video compression and decompression; (3) FPGA to enable reconfigurability, tight integration, and miniaturization; (4) Mobile Agent Routine (MAR) protocol for resilient multi-hop ad hoc networking. In summary, the proposed wireless video streaming device has the following features (a) Man portable and Self-powered (b) Low-latency and robust to bit error and packet loss (c) LPI/LPD/AJ/anti-DF (d) compact size and is easy to be camouflaged (e) Minimum data rate of 2 Mbps at 50 meters LOS. Through the use of IAI�s proven ad hoc mobile network, the proposed system can transmit to virtually unlimited distance.

TrellisWare Technologies, Inc. 16516 Via Esprillo Suite 300 San Diego, CA 92127
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 753-1621 Adam Blair DARPA 08-034 Awarded: 2/4/2009
Title:	Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networking for High-Quality, Low-Latency Streaming Video
Abstract:	TrellisWare recently developed a software defined radio (SDR) evaluation platform for tactical mobile ad hoc networking (MANET). The success of our development program is exemplified by recent sole source announcements by the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) and Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratories (MCWL) for ten-radio evaluation kits of our tactical MANET platform. While our existing technology meets many of the key requirements of a tactical wireless video streaming device, there are a number of key challenges that must be addressed (e.g., GHz band operation and LPI/LPD enhancement) so that TrellisWare''s existing technology - which was designed with a markedly different application in mind - can be extended for use as a tactical video streaming device. The goal of this Phase I SBIR is therefore to design and prototype the necessary components required to enable tactical video streaming with TrellisWare�s tactical MANET technology. During Phase II, TrellisWare will deliver a ten-radio evaluation kit of the proposed technology to our potential DARPA sponsors. It is only with such a large prototype run that the full capabilities - particularly multi-hopped transmission - of the proposed system can be effectively demonstrated.

TRX Systems, Inc. 387 Technology Drive, Suite 2104 College Park, MD 20742
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 405-5836 Carole Teolis DARPA 08-035 Awarded: 3/9/2009
Title:	High Accuracy, Non-GPS Pose Estimation and Real-Time Depth Sensing
Abstract:	The purpose of this project is to develop technology that facilitates mixed reality training in the real world thus affording soldiers the capability to train anywhere at any time using his/her equipment combined with operational combat systems. The focus of the proposed effort will be addressing key technology gaps to achieving the capability. We will address 1) the ability to accurately compute location of the trainee and orientation of their head and weapon, and 2) the ability to accurately and quickly sense the depth of real, potentially moving objects in the scene. The proposed effort leverages the TRX Sentinel Personnel Tracking and Monitoring System, which will be combined with additional soldier worn sensors for depth sensing. The system will be able to wirelessly track the location and orientation of multiple individuals in an indoor (GPS denied) or outdoor environment, simultaneously generating a local map of the soldier�s position relative to the environment. Our solution does not require the training environment to be equipped with any sensors, communications devices, or other infrastructure. The same technology used for tracking people can be used to track position and orientation of targets as well as the individual soldier�s weapons.

Anacapa Sciences, Inc. 301 East Carrillo Street 2FL P. O. Box 519 Santa Barbara, CA 93102
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 966-6157 Jack Stuster DARPA 08-036 Awarded: 2/5/2009
Title:	Capturing Insights from Firefights to Improve Training
Abstract:	This proposal offers a detailed work plan to conduct the research neces�sary to determine whether a correlation exists between soldiers and Marines surviving their first few firefights and long-term survival in a combat environment. If sufficient evidence is found to establish a correlation, the research will identify the factors and/or behaviors responsible for individual survival while under fire and also assess the feasibility of developing pre-combat training to convey the lessons derived from study results. Ana�capa Sciences, Inc., has assem�bled a uniquely qualified team of behavioral scientists, program�mers, and subject matter experts to perform this important research project.

HF Designworks, Inc. PO Box 19911 Boulder, CO 80308
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 415-9518 Scott Scheff DARPA 08-036 Awarded: 2/10/2009
Title:	Capturing Insights from Firefights to Improve Training
Abstract:	The military of the future will be conducting missions that are fundamentally different from those of the past. Missions will be more varied due to changes in world political alignment, shifts in how wars are waged and technological advancements. Despite improvements in technology and tactics, casualties will still remain a part of war; with some research concluding that a soldier has the greatest likelihood of becoming a casualty within the first few firefights. To reduce the number of casualties while continuing to ensure superiority of U.S. armed forces, training has been the backbone which supports soldier survivability. Even with current training methods however, the belief remains that lives are lost most frequently during a soldier�s first few firefights. This same body of research also states that if a soldier does survive these crucial first fights, they will typically go on to survive their tour. This proposal discusses research methodologies seeking to statistically verify if soldiers who survive their initial firefights will survive their tour. Additionally, once verified, the factors that allow survivability will be identified and researched. Training will then be developed that includes the identified factors. The result of this work will help to increase soldier survivability during conflict.

BARRON ASSOC., INC. 1410 Sachem Place Suite 202 Charlottesville, VA 22901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 973-1215 Todd Summers DARPA 08-037 Awarded: 12/31/2008
Title:	Platform Independent Omni-directional Antennas
Abstract:	Increasingly, enemy forces employ technologies that either depend on RF communications or produce detectable RF signatures. Thus, there are many types of RF signals and signatures that can be detected over a variety of different frequency bands and environments by RF sensors. When received, this information can be exploited to confront or avoid potential threats. These sensors operate on different platforms, and typically are tuned to detect specific threats, over unique frequency bands and with unique fidelity requirements on the received signals. As diverse as these applications are, so are the various antennas fabricated for use with these sensors. When a new sensing requirement arises, a new, application-specific antenna must be designed and developed. DARPA seeks to obviate the need to repeatedly develop application-specific antenna technology by developing a receive-only, omni-directional antenna that can be used for a range of RF sensor applications over a wide 6-18 GHz band. Barron Associates, Inc., in conjunction with L-3 Communications, Communication Systems-West, propose to develop a Platform-Independent Omni-Directional Antenna (PIODA), which will provide DARPA with a versatile, omni-directional antenna. With the additional requirements that the antenna be small and reconfigurable across the band, this challenging problem demands significant innovations in the antenna design.

NextGen Aeronautics 2780 Skypark Drive Suite 400 Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 626-8389 Rob Bortolin DARPA 08-037 Awarded: 2/3/2009
Title:	Platform Independent Omni-Directional Antennas (IODA �YODA�)
Abstract:	NextGen Aeronautics Inc. has teamed with San Diego State University to develop omni- directional antennas that perform independent of their mounting location. The planned work builds upon the team�s extensive prior experience in conformal load-bearing antenna structures (CLAS), reconfigurable antennas, and antenna design. The proposed antenna concepts are all variations of designs that have been designed and tested at SDSU, and have proven their capacity to operate under the determined conditions while meeting solicitation requirements. At the end of Phase I we will have simulations validating the choice of antenna, as well as tradeoffs between materials, size and performance of the antenna. Further efforts in Phase I will include anechoic fabrication of a mockup antenna for demonstration of how the antenna can potentially be integrated into existing platforms with minimal modification.

Pharad LLC 797 Cromwell Park Drive, Suite V Glen Burnie, MD 21061
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 590-3333 Rod Waterhouse DARPA 08-037 Awarded: 1/21/2009
Title:	Platform Independent Omni-directional Antennas
Abstract:	In this Phase I project Pharad proposes to investigate several novel antenna concepts for a wideband direction finding (DF) surveillance system. Our objective is to create new low profile wideband antennas that can operate over 6 � 18 GHz and feature large fields of view and stable phase responses in order to greatly extend the performance and capabilities of DF systems. We will also investigate electromagnetic procedures that will enable the antenna to operate with the aforementioned characteristics, independent of the platform on which it is mounted. We propose to incorporate an isolation zone between our wideband radiation and the platform on which the antenna is to be mounted and will explore a variety of approaches for creating this isolation region including electromagnetic bandgap structures and ferrite-loaded materials. During this Phase I project we will undertake a thorough theoretical investigation of the proposed antenna configurations, including modeling and optimization of the electromagnetic performance using our comprehensive suite of design tools, and the establishment of generic design trends for the structures. We will also fabricate proof-of-concept versions of the antenna and isolation structures and undertake measurements of the proposed prototype structures to verify their performance.

Archcom Technology, Inc. 1335 W. Foothill Blvd. Azusa, CA 91702
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 969-0681 David Scott DARPA 08-038 Awarded: 1/14/2009
Title:	Electro-Optic Frequency-Agile Modulators
Abstract:	One of the next microwave photonic system applications is high-speed, high-resolution, electro-optic processing of microwave/mm-wave signals. Many new functions can be conceived of using electro-optic devices such as analog to digital converters, photonic RF phase shifters, photonic RF converters, and digital optical switches. Phased array antennas using photonics based radio-frequency (RF) phase shifters hold great promise for advanced wireless communications and radar applications due to their many advantages such as simple implementation and optical distribution capability. What is common for all of these applications is the need for an extremely high speed, low drive voltage, and compact electro-optic device platform that can integrate a large number of devices with extremely low loss such that these advanced functions can be realized. Archcom�s proposal is to monolithically integrate its state of the art InP-based DFB laser technology with its InP-based multiple quantum well p-i-n 65GHz modulator technology to create a single sideband (SSB) optical transmitter. The monolithically integrated chip will achieve bandwidths in excess of 65GHz, modulator drive voltages less than 2V for extinction ratios of 10dB, and output optical powers in excess of 30mW.

EOSPACE Inc 8711 148th Ave NE Redmond, WA 98052
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(425) 869-6975 Suwat Thaniyavarn DARPA 08-038 Awarded: 1/15/2009
Title:	High Performance Millimeter-Wave Frequency-Agile Optical Modulators
Abstract:	Electro-Optic Frequency-Agile ModulatorsThe objective is to develop an ultra-high performance optical frequency-domain modulation device that is truly frequency agile and capable of operation from DC to mm-wave frequencies for the next generation optical signal generation and signal transmission system for dual-use in defense/RF-analog and commercial/digital �Ultra-high-bit-rate� fiber-optic communication systems.

EOSPACE Inc 8711 148th Ave NE Redmond, WA 98052
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(425) 869-6975 Suwat Thaniyavarn DARPA 08-039 Awarded: 1/6/2009
Title:	RF Fiber-optic links using LiNbO3 Device with Improved Efficiency and Filtering
Abstract:	The objective is to develop an ultra-high performance RF fiber-optic links using LiNbO3 device with improved efficiency and optical filtering techniques. To goal is to achieve an RF fiber-optic link with optimized SFDR, Link Gain and low Noise Figure simultaneously. The effort includes the development of higher efficiency lithium niobate modulator and analyzing optical filtering techniques for applcations into optical signal processing of RF signals.

Srico, Inc. 2724 Sawbury Blvd. Columbus, OH 43235
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(614) 799-0664 S. Sriram DARPA 08-039 Awarded: 4/22/2009
Title:	Lithium Niobate Optical Modulator for Microwave Filtering Applications
Abstract:	This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project develops novel materials processing and device design that extract the maximum possible performance out of the lithium niobate electro-optic material. For microwave analog fiber optic links, such as for antenna remoting and RF filtering applications, the optical link performance requirements place stringent demands on the optical modulator component. An optical modulator is desired that is capable of handling several watts of optical power that has a low optical loss and a switching voltage less than 1 Volt and that operate efficiently with low RF electrode loss over a wide bandwidth of 2 to 20 GHz. In addition, an optical modulator that could offer the added capability to shape the frequency response would greatly benefit microwave filtering applications. SRICO proposes significant efficiency improvements to lithium niobate electro-optic modulators that are crucial to achieve practical applications of fiber optic links for microwave transmission and signal processing functions. We propose an architecture and novel optical modulator design for the realization of high gain fiber optic that concurrently provides programmable photonic RF filtering over the 2 to 20 GHz regime. Multiple optical modulators simultaneously fed by a single RF input are proposed to create advanced RF filtering functions.

NuCrypt LLC 1801 Maple Avenue, Rm 6322 Evanston, IL 60201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 733-8750 Gregory Kanter DARPA 08-040 Awarded: 1/14/2009
Title:	Self-Seeded Programmable Parametric Fiber Comb Source
Abstract:	Coherent light consisting of multiple-frequency combs is commonly used in metrology. Various methods of generating combs exist which are suited for different applications. Mode-locked lasers naturally output a train of phase-locked spectral lines and are a very simple way of generating a comb. These lasers do not operate in the continuous wave regime and the generated comb has very limited flexibility. Such features make mode- locked lasers ill suited for certain applications like differential absorption LIDAR or ranging. One interesting method for comb generation uses a frequency-shifting element to repeatedly shift re-circulating optical fields. The method has a rich set of operating modes, including the possibility for the comb frequencies to shift in time creating an effective chirp. However, the bandwidth and noise characteristics of the signal are limited by the Erbium-doped-fiber amplifiers used in the loop. Parametric nonlinearities can lead to a wide range of interesting effects such as phase-sensitive amplification which, unlike typical phase-insensitive amplifiers, can amplify a signal without adding noise. Other properties of parametric amplification can include the generation of additional frequency components, a huge gain bandwidth (>200nm) with engineerable spectral shape, and an ultrafast (sub-ps) response allowing nearly instantaneous control of the process. We propose to investigate the use of parametric amplification for generating agile optical frequency combs. We will combine techniques used in communications, sensing and standard optical comb generation to suggest possible designs and evaluate their use in real-world applications.

Redwood Photonics LLC 172 Component Drive San Jose, CA 95131
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 910-4762 Andrew Ryan DARPA 08-040 Awarded: 1/14/2009
Title:	Self-Seeded Programmable Parametric Fiber Comb Source
Abstract:	An all-fiber, fast reconfigurable comb generator capable of arbitrary frequency grid synthesis, while providing true continuous wave (CW) response and sufficient power to support multiple feeds for general reference and clock provisioning is proposed.The proposed comb will be constructed entirely of off-the-shelf telecom components, which will form the backbone of athermal, compact signal generation. None of the packaging issues associated with conventional comb sources (thermal stability, susceptibility to shock and vibration) are seen as an issue with our proposed technology. The comb source noise accumulation, carrier-to-noise levels and maximal output power will be modeled and design rules derived. A integrated model describing the operation of arbitrarily-spaced frequency comb that can be adapted faster than the microsecond scale will be used to propose a design for a prototype source. A feasiblity evaluation of the critical SSB modulator component will be performed as risk reduction.

Luna Innovations Incorporated 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 769-8400 Balakishore Yellampalle DARPA 08-041 Awarded: 1/12/2009
Title:	An Extended Duration Arbitrary Waveform Generation with Large Time Bandwidth Product
Abstract:	Arbitrary waveforms are important for advanced coherent communication systems envisioned for several potential military uses. Such systems require waveforms from high frequency bandwidth sources, where the amplitude and phase of each of the frequency components are independently controllable. Example systems include advanced radar, advanced LIDAR, frequency agile optical fiber communication, and quantum communications. Although many uses with arbitrary waveform generators are envisioned, they have not been realized due to practical issues in implementation. For coherent communications, the key parameters of interest are 1) large bandwidth, 2) long time durations and 3) large waveform complexity or time bandwidth product (TBP). Current techniques with THz bandwidths have only demonstrated a TBP of few hundred, while over 10,000 is necessary for practical use. Luna Innovations proposes to develop a novel pulse shaping scheme and pulse extender that allow highly efficient arbitrary waveform generation with a microsecond long pulse width and waveform complexities in excess of several tens of thousands. The novel waveform generator will be designed to address >10,000 spectral features in a compact and efficient implementation.

OptoNet 828 Davis Street, Suite 206 Evanston, IL 60201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 425-7585 Jing Ma DARPA 08-041 Awarded: 4/17/2009
Title:	Optical Arbitrary Waveform Generator On a Monolithic InP Chip with Continuously Extendable Duration based on Novel Ultra-High- Resolution Diffraction G
Abstract:	The proposed project will undertake the research, design, and development of key concepts and technologies for extended duration optical arbitrary waveform generator (OAWG) over large bandwidth, based on a monolithically integrated high-speed optoelectronic chip with a unique integrated ultra-high-resolution super-compact grating (SCG), referred to as SCG based high-speed optical arbitrary waveform generator (SCG- HS-OAWG) chip. The proposed SCG-HS-OAWG is capable of large bandwidth (100GHz- 1THz or 10-1 picosecond pulses) and continuously extendable duration without time aperture limit for the arbitrary waveform. Phase I will focus on systematic design and feasibility studies of the proposed SCG based OAWG to demonstrate the technical feasibility of the proposed technology. The feasibility will lay the ground work for Phase II. The proposed SCG-HS-OAWG chip has the following advantages: (1) It provides a monolithically integrated chip with spectral channel decomposition, channel�s amplitude and phase modulations, and spectral re-composition functionalities all integrated on a mm- size or cm-size Indium Phosphide (InP) chip; (2) It provides an OAWG with high modulation speed of 2.5G initially with possible extension to 10GHz or 40GHz later; (3) It will be fully packaged in a low-profile ruggedized module with fiber input/output pigtails enabling it to operate in harsh environment over a wide temperature range.

S2 Corporation 2310 University Way Building 4-1 Bozeman, MT 59715
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(406) 922-0334 Peter Sellin DARPA 08-041 Awarded: 2/23/2009
Title:	High-Resolution Wide-Bandwidth Optical Arbitrary Waveform Generation Over Extended Time Apertures
Abstract:	We propose to design a prototype device based on coherent accumulation and interference of spectrally shaped waveforms to achieve wideband optical arbitrary waveform generation with time apertures of 50 us, complete control of phase and amplitude, bandwidths of 100 GHz up to 1 THz, and a spectral resolution of 50 kHz. This technology enables wideband agile waveform generation for communications, sensor, and surveillance applications.

Fibertek, Inc. 510 Herndon Parkway Herndon, VA 20170
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 471-7671 Shantanu Gupta DARPA 08-042 Awarded: 1/29/2009
Title:	High Power Parametric Fiber Blue-Green Source
Abstract:	A rugged and efficient high power blue laser source in the 455 � 500 nm spectral region is proposed. The source will be capable of either cw or pulsed operation (at multi-kHz repetition rate) and offers tunable, wavelength output in the blue spectral region. The concept is based on frequency conversion of a novel fiber amplifier (MOPA) configuration. Such blue laser sources are ideally suited for antisubmarine warfare (ASW), underwater imaging and communication applications, medical applications, and display technologies.

Q Peak, Inc. 135 South Road Bedford, MA 01730
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 275-9535 Kevin Wall DARPA 08-042 Awarded: 4/16/2009
Title:	High Power Blue-Green Laser Sources
Abstract:	In this proposed Phase I program, we will study methods of generating blue-green laser radiation. Such sources are of great interest to the Navy for both anti-submarine warfare and communications at depth and speed, as blue-green light matches the minimum of seawater transmission for a variety of conditions. In addition, there are military applications in pumping Ti:Sapphire lasers for stable clocks as well as applications for bioinstrumentation, displays, and fundamental research. We propose to study methods of generating blue-green radiation by either fiber-laser or crystalline solid-state laser sources. In both cases, several frequency conversion steps may be required. For fiber- laser-based sources, we propose to investigate Raman oscillators to shift the fiber sources to the red and nonlinear frequency conversion (second, third, and fourth harmonic generation) to convert wavelengths into the blue-green range. For solid-state lasers, optical parametric oscillators will be investigated to generate tunable blue-green wavelengths. An optimal combination of frequency conversion will be sought that maximizes both efficiency and power scalability, among other properties. Maturity and availability of the technology will be considered in choosing amongst the candidate technologies. The result of the Phase I program will be to identify the best path to an efficient multi-Watt blue-green source.

SA Photonics 650 5th Street Suite 505 San Francisco, CA 94107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(415) 977-0553 James Coward DARPA 08-042 Awarded: 3/16/2009
Title:	High Power Parametric Fiber Blue-Green Source
Abstract:	SA Photonics is pleased to propose the development of the Topaz modulated optical source for underwater sensing and communication. The unit will emit mulitple watts of blue light in the 450-460 nm for deep water transmission and on key Fraunhofer lines for solar noise reduction. The unit supports modulation of up to 10 GHz and can emit energies in excess of 1 mJ. High wall plug efficiency is attained with SA Photonics innovative pumping archtecture.

Lithographic Technology Corp. dba Amphib 125 Tech Park Dr. Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 750-1300 Bruce Smith DARPA 08-043 Awarded: 1/27/2009
Title:	Template-based Lithography for Advanced Low-Volume Electronics
Abstract:	The goal of the proposed project is to develop regular interferometric based template lithography and demonstrate its feasibility for cost effective, high resolution nanofabrication of low volume electronics. The challenges of the project are based on the requirement to meet the needs of sub-32nm CMOS device fabrication using technologies that are not currently addressed by the ITRS. Design strategies will be developed for the interferometric lithography (IL) imaging system, the integration of the system to a projection lithography (PL) or electron beam lithography (EBL) trim operation, and the identification of suitable processes for template based lithography for 32nm and sub-32nm application. This will be carried out using current design fundamentals of the ASI XIS interference lithography system scaled up to meet CMOS device fabrication needs.

NANONEX CORPORATION 1 Deer Park Drive Suite O Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 355-1600 Linshu Kong DARPA 08-043 Awarded: 2/3/2009
Title:	Low Cost, Sub-32nm Hybrid Imprint & E-beam Template for Low-Volume Manufacturing
Abstract:	In order to diminish the second corollary of Moores Law (the cost of the manufacturing technology increases geometrically with time), Nanonex proposes the use of templates with gratings that can be manufactured at a low-cost by nanoimprint lithography (NIL). These templates are base wafers prefabricated and awaiting customization and can formed into the desired circuits by trimming or stitching these repetitive structures using EBL. The use of such templates will significantly reduce both costs and design cycles, and provide the basis for cost effective nano-scale electronics for niche applications. NIL is uniquely well suited for producing such templates.

Transfer Devices, Inc. 500 Laurelwood Road, Suite 11 Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 980-9684 Charles Schaper DARPA 08-043 Awarded: 4/20/2009
Title:	Integrating Molecular Transfer Lithography with Electron Beam Lithography for Low-Volume Sub-32 nm CMOS Processing
Abstract:	With a novel patterning process called Molecular Transfer Lithography, enabled by a water-dissolvable template, providing better control of surface engineering objectives in lithography, an integrated strategy is proposed for coordination of that nanopatterning technique with Electron Beam Lithography, targeting low-volume applications in CMOS sub-32 nm processing, as well as other relevant applications in nanoscale manufacturing. Through a decomposition of the circuit design layout into regular pattern set, which is handled by the water-dissolvable template process thereby improving throughput while lowering costs, and the remaining portions by Electron Beam Lithography to achieve alignment requirements while reducing mastering costs. As the template process p has already demonstrated the requisite resolution of 25 nm and smaller, performed on wafers to 300 mm diameters, with production yielding commercial optoelectronic devices, the first phase of this program, in addition to integration of the two lithographic technologies, involves the development of the materials processing methods to achieve a template replication and transfer processes that are configurable for automated volume manufacturing, as well as algorithmic methods of throughput optimization and layout decomposition.

Advanced Tech Engineering, Inc 15700 Logarto Lane Burnsville, MN 55306
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 465-6009 Frank Lucchesi DARPA 08-044 Awarded: 2/5/2009
Title:	Highly Integrated Silicon (Si)-based RF electronics
Abstract:	ATE�s unique partnership with the University of Minnesota plans to exploits applied and fundamental research, respectively, to achieve unprecedented levels of integration for highly complex RF microwave, mm-wave and analog/digital/mixed-signal modules using Silicon Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology to support emerging DoD-critical applications such as wafer-scale phase array mono-static radars, bi-static radars, MIMO radars, direction finding (DF) signals intelligence (SIGINT), highly- integrated electronic warfare systems, or compact sensing systems.. In Phase I, ATE and the University of Minnesota will focus on application research to establish key performance parameters such as phase noise, phase shifter resolution/accuracy, linear dynamic range, channel isolation, etc. and analyze the feasibility of the proposed integration scheme and RF/mixed signal circuits that will result in revolutionary capabilities or superior performance which cannot be achieved by current III-V technologies. Simulation and/or basic experiments, expected RF performance, integration level (RF and digital transistor counts), and required integration technologies (3D integration, etc.) of the proposed circuits will be presented and discussed including proposed realistic fabrication technologies or necessary technology developments to realize the target RF/mixed signal circuits for the next phases.

Camgian Microsystems Corporation 2500 Maitland Center Parkway Suite 203 Maitland, FL 32751
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 660-9900 Michael Hagedorn DARPA 08-044 Awarded: 1/29/2009
Title:	Highly Integrated Silicon (Si)-based RF electronics
Abstract:	Today�s warfighter is reliant upon more and more technological support to achieve strategic and tactical superiority over their enemies. Technological advantages include such items as night-vision equipment, unattended ground sensors (UGS), unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), target tracking beacons, etc. To be effective, these need to be as small and as lightweight as possible. This leads to the drive for the integration of disparate technologies, such as high performance RF circuitry and large scale digital signal processing, into more and more dense circuits to achieve the maximum Size, Weight and Power (SWaP) reductions possible. The ability to increasingly integrate complex digital logic with analog/RF circuits on the same device, makes revolutionary new products feasible. As a case in point, Camgian Microsystems, is developing a revolutionary new UGS that combines radar, camera, digital signal processing and a communications system. The device must achieve lower power and area than are possible with discrete integration. This SBIR program will use this applications to push the limits of state-of-the-art, seeking to demonstrate the ability to provide revolutionary integration levels, combining high performance RF circuits with large quantities of complex digital logic, all on a low cost, small geometry silicon CMOS process.

RNET Technologies, Inc. 240 W. Elmwood Dr. Suite 2010 Dayton, OH 45459
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 433-2886 Todd Grimes DARPA 08-044 Awarded: 2/2/2009
Title:	Highly Integrated Silicon (Si)-based RF electronics
Abstract:	The solicitation indicates that the objective is to develop methods to achieve unparalleled levels of integration for silicon-based RF electronics in support of emerging DoD-critical applications. Example DoD applications include wafer-scale phase array radars, highly integrated warfare systems, or compact sensing systems. In the commercial sector, applications may include wireless voice/data communications, industrial control and automation, automotive radar, etc. Recent advancements in silicon-based technologies have allowed transistor performance to approach cutoff frequencies normally reserved for III-V semiconductor materials, thus making them suitable for integration into various DoD-critical RF applications. We are planning to utilize the latest multi-gate MOSFET technology to develop RF building blocks to achieve highly integrated, low-power RF designs. Multi-gate MOSFETs differ from typical transistor implementations, as they contain additional gates that maybe utilized to �tune� circuit performance and characteristics while reducing the overall size of the design. These devices also offer excellent mixed-signal alternatives, as they possess architectural features conductive to the integration of analog and digital building blocks on the same substrate with minimal overhead to the fabrication sequence; reduced cross-talk and better isolation on SOI platform, multi-finger gates, minimal parasitics, scalability and simplicity.

Ultra Communications Inc 990 Park Center Drive, Suite H Vista, CA 92081
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 652-0008 Joseph Ahadian DARPA 08-044 Awarded: 1/21/2009
Title:	Advanced Wafer Technology for Highly Integrated Silicon RF Electronics
Abstract:	We will develope a capability to significantly improve the RF performance and integration density of silicon based circuitry. This plan will optimize the substrate of the silicon circuitry to provide the isolation and an efficient thermal path, thereby eliminating the substrate issues of bulk silicon and SOI processes.

Adesto Technologies 1225 Innsbruck Drive Sunnyvale, CA 94089
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(530) 271-5525 Shane Hollmer DARPA 08-045 Awarded: 1/13/2009
Title:	Innovative Approaches to Low Power, Sub-Threshold Electronic Circuits
Abstract:	An emerging class of ultra-low-power applications could have great benefit to the DoD (e.g. wireless sensor nodes, RFIDs, hybrid insects, etc.). Proposed designs of these ULP systems use low voltage sub-threshold operation to reduce energy per operation, but their lifetimes are limited by standby leakage power that is unavoidable when storing data in CMOS memories like SRAM. Integrating a low energy, low voltage, low overhead nonvolatile memory with sub-threshold circuits would greatly improve the flexibility and lifetimes of DoD specific ULP applications. Current nonvolatile memory (NVM) solutions require voltages well in excess of 5V and energy in excess of 5nJ, making them unsuitable for ULP applications. Adesto Technologies has demonstrated a memory cell technology that will be the foundation of an ultra low power nonvolatile memory solution capable of sub 1V with energy per access less than 5pJ, resulting in a 1000x reduction in operational energy. Since the core NVM cell technology is in place, key requirements to realize such ultra low power NVM solutions are appropriate low power circuits and architectures. Phase I funding from SBIR (DARPA 08-045) will allow us to develop ultra low power circuits and architectures for applying our memory technology to ULP sub- threshold applications.

Camgian Microsystems Corporation 2500 Maitland Center Parkway Suite 203 Maitland, FL 32751
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 660-9900 John Filion DARPA 08-045 Awarded: 3/9/2009
Title:	Innovative Approaches to Low Power, Sub-Threshold Electronic Circuits
Abstract:	This program will develop a revolutionary, ultra low power System-on-a-Chip (SoC) technology that will enable >10x improvements in size and endurance over current generation microsystems such as unattended ground sensing (UGS) systems, micro- UAVs, micro satellites, body worn electronics, etc. This will be achieved through the integration of advanced energy efficient circuit designs that enable the power consumption of the chip to be dynamically matched to the performance needs of the systems. While the technical approaches to intelligent, adaptive, ultra-low power architectures will be generic and broadly applicable to DoD systems specific hardware implementations will be delivered as proof-of-principle prototypes. These will be based on the digital processing �brain� of a microbolometer IR camera system, which is used in all of the above microsystem applications. The focus of this program is on the digital processing of the architecture. The goal is to synergistically integrate into an SoC the low power enabling capabilities of: � Subthreshold transistor operation. � Clockless self timed logic circuits. � Dynamically controlled power supply voltages determined by the data rate. Codetronix will support Camgian in this effort with their Mobius design specification and implementation tool.

RNET Technologies, Inc. 240 W. Elmwood Dr. Suite 2010 Dayton, OH 45459
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 433-2886 Todd Grimes DARPA 08-045 Awarded: 4/9/2009
Title:	Innovative Approaches to Low Power, Sub-Threshold Electronic Circuits
Abstract:	Recently, the DoD has become interested in technologies that can maximize processing energy efficiency and power savings, while maintaining reasonable performance. It particular, sub-threshold digital circuit operation is of the up-most interest for ultra-low power (ULP) military processing systems. In Phase I, a generic ULP field programmable gate array (FPGA) architecture capable of both sub-threshold and super-threshold operation will be developed. In sub-threshold mode, VDD is set less than VT, resulting in circuit which operates at a lower frequency with dramatic power savings. Super- threshold mode refers to the normal operating mode which provides higher performance during burst modes. As an innovative approach to meet the requirements of this solicitation, we are planning to design, simulate, fabricate, and characterize a general ULP FPGA device by the end of Phase II. This device will have the ability to dynamically switch between sub-threshold and super-threshold modes of operation depending the required device functionality, performance, and power. This technology will provide �added value� for various military and commercial applications.

NEW SPAN OPTO-TECHNOLOGY, INC. 16115 SW 117th Ave. A-15 Miami, FL 33177
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(305) 235-6928 Jame Yang DARPA 08-046 Awarded: 1/5/2009
Title:	Compact Instant Multi-Spectral Imager
Abstract:	Multispectral/hyperspectral imaging is a technique that acquires and analyzes both spectral and spatial information. It provides the potential for more accurate and detailed information extraction than possible with those conventional imaging techniques. Spectral imaging sensors have applications in various military and commercial fields including spectral discrimination target identification, camouflage detection, environmental monitoring, etc. Thus far, some prototype spectral imaging systems have been produced, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. Especially, the volume and weight of these systems are too large to be portable. There is a demand to develop the optical train for a multispectral imager based on micro-optical elements that is ultra-compact compared to similar current optical systems. New Span Opto-Technology Inc. proposes herein an innovative optical architecture that can realize a compact multispectral imager. It can present spectral images of all desired bands instantly. Task dependent spectral bands selection will achieve optimal target discrimination. There is a potential to realize a dynamically reconfigurable spectral imager based on the proposed scheme. Phase I will conduct technical analysis and design, and construct a preliminary bench top experimental setup to demonstrate critical components technologies and the feasibility of the proposed concept. Phase II will fabricate a working sensor prototype.

Physical Optics Corporation Applied Technologies Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Shean McMahon DARPA 08-046 Awarded: 4/6/2009
Title:	Compound Eye Spectral Imager
Abstract:	To address DARPA's need for a handheld compact optical camera for multispectral imaging, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Compound Eye Spectral Imager (CESI) based on compound eye optics innovatively implemented using holographic filters to provide a high spectral resolution multi-spectral micro-optic imager. This system is based on the integration of a micro-lens array, holographic multi-band filters and conventional CMOS sensors into one 3 cubic millimeter ultra-thin, wide-angle field-of-view (>45 degrees) multispectral camera. This innovative design results in a significantly lighter (<0.5 lbs), durable optical system, suitable for use in Army UGVs. Advanced processing software provides enhanced capabilities for ground Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) missions. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of CESI by assembling and testing a TRL 4 prototype ultra-thin imaging module, which will operate in the visible and near-infrared wavelength window range of 400- 1000 nm. In Phase II, POC plans to refine the CESI technology and to develop a TRL 5-6 system with increased FOV, suitable for U.S. Army field testing.

SOLID STATE SCIENTIFIC CORP. 27-2 Wright Road Hollis, NH 03049
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 598-1194 James Murguia DARPA 08-046 Awarded: 1/6/2009
Title:	Compact Multi-Spectral Real Time Imager
Abstract:	Solid State Scientific Corporation (SSSC) is pleased to propose a Phase I SBIR program to develop a unique multi-spectral imaging sensor prototype The proposed spectral sensor will be lightweight, portable, low-power and rugged with simultaneous imaging of all the spatially registered spectral bands. The optical system which is less than 1 cubic centimeter in volume will provide a sensor field of view of approximately 30� and cover a spectral range between 400-1000nm. The system will operate at video rates, weigh approximately one pound and dissipate approximately 10 watts.

Wavefront Research, Inc. 616 West Broad Street Bethlehem, PA 18018
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 974-8977 Thomas Mitchell DARPA 08-046 Awarded: 4/22/2009
Title:	Ultra-Compact Snapshot Multi-Spectral Sensor For Real-Time Target Discrimination
Abstract:	Technical Abstract The primary goals of this Phase I effort are to investigate, develop, and characterize a class of ultra-compact snapshot hyper/multi-spectral imaging sensors enabled by an optically fast innovative design form and a specialized filter technology that are suitable for use in real-time target detection, tracking and identification. The optical properties of these systems, including light gathering capability, spectral and spatial resolutions, optical distortion, and other system parameters will be modeled and characterized, and a feasibility demonstration system will be fabricated to prove the capability of this technology to meet the technical requirements. It is a further goal to identify a set of desired performance specifications for the Phase II prototype sensor and to investigate appropriate detector/electronics packages, algorithm and data processing hardware, and user interface and display technologies to provide the required high speed data acquisition.

Fibertek, Inc. 510 Herndon Parkway Herndon, VA 20170
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 471-7671 Khoa Le DARPA 08-047 Awarded: 1/15/2009
Title:	Ultra-low noise, wide bandwidth constant current sources for driving laser diode arrays
Abstract:	Our proposed design offers innovative concepts for the design and development of the low noise switching power supply and constant current source driver with protection circuitries that are more efficient and several times more powerful than the current generation deployed in recent systems

Daylight Solutions 13029 Danielson Street Suite 130 Poway, CA 92064
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 391-1010 Timothy Day DARPA 08-048 Awarded: 2/3/2009
Title:	Multi-Watt Mid-IR Laser Module with Near-Diffraction Limited Output
Abstract:	High power IR lasers are highly useful for DOD applications such as remote chemical sensing, infrared countermeasures, and LADAR. Daylight Solutions proposes to build a prototype system for quantum cascade laser (QCL) beam combining having an output power > 1W and a beam divergence less than twice the diffraction limit. The Phase I prototype will consist of three external cavity QCLs, integrated with a novel high- efficiency beam combiner. This technique, called wavelength beam combining, has found great success in the visible and near-infrared range, and should naturally extend to the mid-infrared regime. This approach eliminates thermal crosstalk while maintaining high power and excellent beam quality. It also allows for optimum propagation through the atmosphere. Since each laser wavelength is controlled by its own external grating, several atmospheric absorption peaks may be avoided by careful selection of individual wavelengths. Phase I will tackle the combination of three lasers. Phase II will handle scaling this up to approximately 10 lasers to achieve > 5W output powers.

Physical Optics Corporation Electro-Optics Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Shilpa Pradhan DARPA 08-048 Awarded: 4/15/2009
Title:	High Power Quantum Cascade Laser Array (HPQCLA)
Abstract:	To address the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) need for power scaling of quantum cascade laser, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new high power quantum cascade laser array (HPQCLA), based on coherently combining the laser beams of all individual quantum cascade laser (QCL) via mutual injection locking (MIL). The innovative use of multiplexed Bragg grating for locking wavelength of laser array and the novel use of MIL to produce coherently combined high power laser beams will enable the power scaling of QCL without degrading beam quality. In Phase I, POC will conduct feasibility study to demonstrate a baseline electrically pumped QCL with a wavelength range of 3-5 micron or 8 12 micron that emits an average power of 200 mW at a TE- cooler temperature and wall plug efficiency of at least 4%. POC will develop a comprehensive plan along with modeling for combining the output power of multiple emitters scalable to >1 W while maintaining a beam divergence <2 times the diffraction limit. In Phase II, POC plans to demonstrate experimental phase combination of multiple emitters to generate a total power level >5 W with the same divergence.

Pranalytica, Inc. 1101 Colorado Avenue Santa Monica, CA 90401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 458-0080 C. Patel DARPA 08-048 Awarded: 1/22/2009
Title:	Beam Combining For High Power Quantum Cascade Laser Arrays
Abstract:	High-power quantum cascade laser (QCL) arrays emitting in the mid and long-wave infrared atmospheric windows (3 to 5 μm and 8 to 12 μm, respectively) with nearly diffraction-limited beam quality will be of immediate use to several military applications, including infrared countermeasures (IRCMs) and laser radar (LADAR), and to several civilian applications such as free space optical communications. The performances of today�s state-of-the-art QCL already allow the realization of multiwatt arrays. We propose to develop application-ready high power QCL arrays to fulfill this market need. In phase I, we will evaluate three different techniques for beam combining of QCL arrays: external cavity spectral beam combining (SBC), monolithic phased-locked �tree� arrays, and monolithic phased-locked antiguide arrays. SBC has been applied very successfully to diode laser arrays and our preliminary analysis shows that it is also compatible with QCLs. Its only drawback is the use of external optical elements. For this reason we will also investigate monolithic phased-locked arrays. Previous work on diode laser arrays has shown that robust phase-locking requires parallel coupling of the array elements. We will evaluate two schemes that provide such coupling: Y-junctions coupled tree arrays and leaky-wave coupled antiguide arrays.

Kyma Technologies, Inc. 8829 Midway West Road Raleigh, NC 27617
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(919) 789-8880 Tanya Paskova DARPA 08-049 Awarded: 4/29/2009
Title:	Electrically-Pumped III-Nitride Intersubband lasers
Abstract:	Kyma Technologies together with the two subcontractors at Princeton University and Lehigh University aim to develop III-Nitride QCL at near 1.55 �m based on native GaN substrates and strain-compensation heterostructures engineering. We intent to employ new approaches, aiming to overcome the challenges in realization intersubband emission in III-Nitride structures. High quality native GaN substrates with low dislocation density with both polar and nonpolar surface orientations will be considered. Optimization of surface polishing and surface off-cut orientation are expected to enhance the structural quality and interface smoothness of the device structures. In Phase I proposal we will design (Al,Ga)N/GaN device structures accounting for or excluding the polarization fields in the devices grown along polar or nonpolar directions, respectively. Also, design of strain-free AlInGaN/GaN device structure will be elaborated and analysis of limiting theoretical factors will be performed. Epitaxial growth of (Al,Ga)N/GaN MQW structures grown by MOCVD on bulk GaN substrates is intended with a demonstration of intersubband absorption at near 1.55 �m. We will characterize the structures and will analyze the limiting experimental factors involved in producing intersubband transitions. It will allow us to estimate the best approach towards realization of intersubband laser at 1.55 �m intended for Phase II program.

MP Technologies, LLC 1801 Maple Avenue Evanston, IL 60201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 491-7208 Ryan McClintock DARPA 08-049 Awarded: 3/30/2009
Title:	Electrically-Pumped III-Nitride Intersubband lasers
Abstract:	The objective of the proposed project is to demonstrate the feasibility and potential for the realization of III-Nitride based intersubband quantum cascade lasers operating at near room temperature. III-Nitrides have a large band gap and band offset that make then well suited to the realization of short wavelength (1.55 mm) telecommunications lasers. However, in addition to the large band offset that makes short wavelengths possible, III- Nitrides are also characterized by a very large phonon energy (90-meV). This makes them ideally suited to the realization of near room temperature operating THz lasers. The goal is to target this THz wavelength, with device design pursuing emission in the 30 - 300 �m range (approximately 10 to 1 THz). This group has already demonstrated itself in the areas of III-Nitride inter-band devices and InP-based intersubband based quantum cascade lasers. The plan is to leverage these two areas of expertise to demonstrate the potential to realize effective THz lasers operating at near room temperature. This will lay the ground work for the realization of a room temperature electrical injection THz quantum cascade laser in Phase II of the project.

EMAG Technologies, Inc. 775 Technology Dr. Suite 300 Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 996-3624 Jack Thiesen DARPA 08-050 Awarded: 1/27/2009
Title:	Coherently Synchronized Distributed Signal Generation
Abstract:	EMAG Technologies is proposing to develop a hierarchical, heterodyne, salphasic clock distribution network for the purposes of synchronizing spatially distributed independent oscillators. A low-cost, precise, clock distribution architecture such as the one we are proposing can be used to synchronize hundreds to thousands of distributed processors, radios, or data samplers with sub-picosecond accuracy. This network utilizes a highly resonant design to minimize loss and reduce jitter. The proposed network is targeted to have less than 400 femtoseconds of synchronization jitter over 1m. This clock distribution network is fabricated using standard PCB processes and commercial-off-the-shelf components and therefore can be extremely affordable and easy to integrate.

Nu-Trek 17150 Via Del Campo Suite 202 San Diego, CA 92127
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 487-0620 Rob Gregoire DARPA 08-050 Awarded: 2/18/2009
Title:	Coherently Synchronized Distributed Signal Generation
Abstract:	Nu-Trek and Raytheon will develop a Clock Delay Adjust ASIC with a revolutionary digital phase adjust architecture. ASIC will include clock generation at frequencies > 20 GHz; sub-ps synchronization over distances up to 1 m; better than -90 dBc/Hz phase noise at a 100 kHz offset; correction of up to 50 ps of skew; for systems with up to thousands of channels. Key innovation includes: (1) Revolutionary digital phase-adjust architecture based on Linder cells. (2) Self-corrects for aging, temperature, and mechanical stress. Feedback circuitry provides the phase drift information to the Linder cell, which re- synchronizes the channels. (3) Large number of distributed, low phase noise, clock paths are implemented on the same integrated circuit as the digital delay adjustment electronics. (4) Each channel is calibrated individually, including per/channel propagation delay compensation. In Phase I we will simulate the Linder cell, phase detector, charge pump, and loop filter and demonstrate the feasibility of digitally adjusting the phase delay of very high speed (20 GHz), very low phase noise clocks. ASIC will revolutionize the size, weight, and cost of the antenna array electronics and is directly applicable to a number of DARPA programs including ISAT and ISIS.

Agile RF, Inc. 93 Castilian Drive Santa Barbara, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-5159 Albert Cardona DARPA 08-051 Awarded: 3/20/2009
Title:	Efficient Small Antennas
Abstract:	As antennas decrease in size their efficiency and bandwidth decrease. In order to improve the efficiency and frequency coverage of small antennas one must find a way to improve upon the Chu limit. Agile's proven approach is to use tunability to improve the Chu limit thereby allowing a small antenna to be tuned over broad frequency ranges by using tunable and reactive elements in the matching circuits. This technique has been demonstrated to greatly enhance the size and performance of handset antennas.

Eureka Aerospace 3452 East Foothill Blvd, Suite 340 Pasadena, CA 91107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 844-6664 John McVay DARPA 08-051 Awarded: 2/3/2009
Title:	Efficient Small Antennas
Abstract:	An efficient and electrically small antenna element is proposed. The proposed space-filling curve (SFC) top-loaded antenna provides a relatively large bandwidth, comparable to a standard � wavelength monopole within just a fraction of the total height. This class of electrically small antenna systems can be reconfigured to operate within different modes including separate and distinct frequency bands, single and stable broad bands as well as with different polarizations, depending upon the configuration. The relatively high gain is maintained in a stable pattern throughout the bandwidth and unlike many top-loaded monopoles, the SFC antenna requires no external matching network. With high efficiency and very compact size, these antennas are ideal for applications where a low-visible antenna signature is required without the sacrifice of antenna performance. The SFC antenna designs have several scalable factors which allow for specific antenna designs to be custom tailored as needed. When utilized with PIN diode switches, it may be possible to reconfigure the antenna element �on-the-fly� through the use of DC-biasing.

First RF Corporation 4865 Sterling Drive Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 449-5211 Farzin Lalezari DARPA 08-051 Awarded: 4/7/2009
Title:	Efficient Small Antennas
Abstract:	Existing antennas are deficient in several areas. Lightweight passive antennas often suffer low efficiency performance if the size is reduced below a substantial fraction of the operating wavelength. Antennas loaded with material are heavier, higher cost, and also suffer efficiency losses. Finally, active tuning for broad bandwidth raises the cost and can limit the capability of the communications in waveform and frequency hopping. The goal of this effort is to improve functionality of 30MHz-2GHz antennas by combining more functionality into a single reduced-size aperture, while maintaining the performance of the existing larger apertures. This is accomplished by a novel and critical enabling technology developed at FIRST RF based on the volumetric reuse of orthogonal antenna elements and taking advantage of new metamaterials such as magnetodielectric that have improved loss tangents at VHF and UHF frequencies over the past several years. FIRST RF will employ this key enabling technology, combined with novel radiator shapes and designs to achieve DARPA�s stated goals. FIRST RF will demonstrate a 10:1 reduction in height of typical cavity backed electrically small VHF and UHF antennas while still maintain acceptable gains and broadband performance for communications and EW applications.

HyPerComp, Inc. 2629 Townsgate Road Suite 105 Westlake Village, CA 91361
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 371-7556 Vijaya Shankar DARPA 08-051 Awarded: 4/23/2009
Title:	Efficient Small Antennas
Abstract:	We propose here a systematic approach to designing efficient small antennas by applying innovative non-Foster matching techniques to candidate low-profile, conformal, wideband concepts in current vogue. The Phase-I project will be based exclusively on numerical analysis, spanning as wide a design space as possible, to provide a shortlist of the most promising design concepts which can be made small and unobtrusive. The performance of these designs will be judged based upon their radiation efficiency, gain- bandwidth and volume in both transmit and receive modes of operation. Comparisons with conventional small antenna concepts will be made, and potential gains will be assessed. Upon selecting the most promising baseline design for the radiating element as well as the non-Foster circuit, we seek to optimize the design and demonstrate its viability in a potential second phase of this project. This project will be a collaborative effort between HyPerComp Inc., and HRL Laboratories, LLC (Malibu, CA). HyPerComp has an extensive track record and pioneering contributions in the area of computational electromagnetics with applications to many key areas in the aerospace industry. HRL has an active interest in non-Foster matching circuits and is one of the industry leaders in antenna research and development worldwide.

Intelligent Automation, Inc. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-4241 Chieh-Ping Lai DARPA 08-051 Awarded: 4/3/2009
Title:	Ultra-Compact Highly Efficient Wideband Antenna Using Time-Varying Matching Network
Abstract:	The proposed efficient small loop antenna takes advantage of a novel antenna design concept of time-varying matching network that can be used to develop compact antennas with extremely wide bandwidths. The newly developed antenna has advantages of 1) At its lowest frequency of operation, a coupled sectorial loop antenna can be designed to have maximum dimensions of 0.1� or smaller in range of 20-60 MHz; 2) Exhibit a 10X improvement in bandwidth of the transmitted or received signals compared to existing loop antennas of the same size; 3) Exhibit a 5-10X improvement of radiation efficiency compared to conventional existing loop antennas of the same size. The overall bandwidth�radiation efficiency product for the envisioned loop antennas will be improved by over 50-100X. An adaptive time-domain feeding scheme is utilized to improve the impedance matching of the antenna, which has the ability to store the incoming energy and release it back to the load in a way that ensures that a very high percent of the incoming energy is delivered to the load effectively, and hence improve the antenna efficiency without increasing its occupied area. The final result will be an ultra-compact low-profile antenna with ultra-broadband impedance bandwidth, highly efficiency, omni- directional radiation patterns across the frequency of operation, and moderate power handling capability.

Pharad LLC 797 Cromwell Park Drive, Suite V Glen Burnie, MD 21061
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 590-3333 Rod Waterhouse DARPA 08-051 Awarded: 3/6/2009
Title:	Efficient Small Antennas
Abstract:	In this Phase I project Pharad proposes to investigate innovative new concepts for the creation of highly efficient electrically small antennas. We will investigate two key approaches: electrically small radiators that incorporate Slow Wave Engineering (SWE) concepts and efficient antenna matching configurations that utilize active components. Using these approaches will enable us to achieve the goals of this program and also establish potential limitations of the techniques. The techniques that will be investigated and demonstrated include new SWE-based printed antennas with significant size reduction; non-Foster based matching circuits for the small antenna; and switchable matching circuits for the small antenna. As part of our Phase I effort, the overall efficiency of using these active matching procedures will also be investigated. During this Phase I project we will undertake a thorough theoretical investigation of the proposed antenna and matching configurations, including modeling and optimization of the electromagnetic and circuit performance using our comprehensive suite of design tools, and the establishment of generic design trends for the structures. We will also fabricate proof-of-concept versions of the structures where appropriate. We will undertake measurements of the proposed prototype structures in order to verify their performance.

SI2 Technologies 267 Boston Road North Billerica, MA 01862
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 495-5300 Patanjali Parimi DARPA 08-051 Awarded: 5/7/2009
Title:	Miniature Efficient Metamaterial Antenna (1000-102)
Abstract:	SI2 proposes to apply its metamaterial and antenna systems expertise to design and build an efficient miniature antenna system that performs close to the theoretically limits of gain and efficiency for a small antenna. The low-profile antenna system can be mounted on a number of platforms as the loading effects of mounting are mitigated due to the proposed novel approach. Our approach also includes an intelligent impedance matching network which provides efficient broadband performance for the antenna. In Phase I, SI2 will design the miniature antenna system and simulate its performance using state of the art FEM and FDTD simulation tools. SI2 will work closely with several prime contractors to ensure that the antenna system developed can be employed on DoD platforms. In the follow-on Phase II program, SI2 will refine the design and manufacture a full scale miniature wideband conformal antenna system prototype. The prototype will be tested and its performance evaluated when mounted on several different types of structures.

Cermet, Inc. 1019 Collier Road Suite C1 Atlanta, GA 30318
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(404) 351-0005 Jeff Nause DARPA 08-052 Awarded: 1/29/2009
Title:	Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN) Solar Cell
Abstract:	This phase I development will provide a low defect InGaN p-n junction tuned to 2.6 eV. The characteristics of the junction will be high electron and hole concentrations, low defect density and no phase separation in the InGaN. This will be accomplished using a revolutionary epitaxial technique, combined with lattice-matched substrates and state of the art device fabrication.

Illinois Applied Research Associates LLC 21W625 Huntington Rd Glen Ellyn, IL 60137
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(630) 379-6175 Ryan Ahern DARPA 08-052 Awarded: 4/9/2009
Title:	Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN) Solar Cell
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I project, under topic DARPA 08-052, is directed toward design, epitaxial growth , fabrication and characterization of InGaN solar cells. InGaN thin films grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) will be used to fabricate photonic crystal based high efficiency solar cells. Much more efficient solar cells are possible as a result of photonic crystals that more efficiently capture and use light. InGaN, with varying In composition,can cover more than 60% of the solar spectrum. With such extensive absorption in the infrared, visible and near UV, InGaN is a perfect candidate for fabricating high performance solar cells for commercial applications. The innovation in this project is derived from the fact that the proposed combination of high quality MBE grown InGaN and photonic crystals are expected to provide higher efficiency solar cells. The Phase I will have three primary objectives � (i) MBE growth of high quality InGaN with lower cut off around 2eV; (ii) Design & fabrication of 2D photonic crystals with InGaN thin films; and (iii) design a preliminary InGaN photonic crystal based solar cell. The groups, Illinois Applied Research Associates (IARA) Inc. and University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, have complimentary expertise on device design ( IARA Inc. ) , materials growth (Notre Dame), Fabrication & Characterization (IARA Inc.). University of Notre Dame will grow InGaN thin films by MBE and IARA will focus on device/photonic crystal design and fabrication. Characterization will also be done by IARA. University of Notre Dame will also participate in basic materials and optical characterization of InGaN thin films

Integrated Micro Sensors, Inc. 10814 Atwell Drive Houston, TX 77096
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(713) 748-7926 Chris Boney DARPA 08-052 Awarded: 2/5/2009
Title:	High Bandgap InGaN Solar Cell
Abstract:	The objective of this Phase I project is to demonstrate InGaN materials of high quality appropriate for single junction solar cells for DOD terrestrial power generation. A single junction InGaN cell with a bandgap between 2.4 and 2.8 eV combined with silicon or other solar cell technology in a multi-junction device could provide power conversion efficiency exceeding 40%. In order to do so, the InGaN material must have suitable doping levels and good transparency to sub-bandgap light. In this project, we investigate the feasibility of high bandgap InGaN solar cell by demonstrating the materials growth, documenting the material properties, and modeling the design for a prototype solar cell.

Magnolia Optical Technologies,Inc. 52-B Cummings Park Suite 314 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 503-1200 Ashok Sood DARPA 08-052 Awarded: 4/9/2009
Title:	High Efficiency InN-Based Quantum Dot Solar Cells
Abstract:	The goal of the Proposed Phase I Program is to employ Nanostructured nitride based materials in an advanced device design to enhance the tolerance of solar cells to extreme environments while maintaining high solar electric power conversion efficiency. By using InN-based quantum dots embedded within a higher band gap GaN barrier material, a larger fraction of the solar spectrum can be harnessed while minimizing the effects of high temperatures with this promising photovoltaic device. The wide range of energies accessible to InN-based materials provides unique flexibility in designing quantum dot solar cell structures. Phase I work will demonstrate the feasibility of synthesizing device quality InN-based quantum dots. InN quantum dot assemblies will be grown on GaN templates via metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). More importantly, strong room temperature photoluminescence has been observed, with peak emission energies ranging from the infrared to the ultraviolet. These promising optical properties suggest it will be possible to build structures incorporating InN quantum dots within a GaN p-n junction to use the basic concepts of quantum dot solar cells during the Phase I effort. Ultimately our approach provides a pathway for realizing solar cells with over 2,000 W/kg of specific power and power conversion efficiency approaching 60%.

4Wave, Inc. 22660 Execute Drive Suite 101 Sterling, VA 20166
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 787-9283 David Baldwin DARPA 08-053 Awarded: 2/3/2009
Title:	Low-cost device relevant Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN) or Alternatives
Abstract:	The project aims to grow device-quality InxGa1-xN, an important semiconductor because the band gap can be shifted widely by varying x, using a new form of plasma sputtering, Biased-Target Deposition (BTD). The major objectives are to grow x > 0.05 material on sapphire at 600-800�C (standard) and 300-500�C (beneficially reduced) temperatures, and to characterize material quality via X-ray diffraction and photoluminescence seeking defined criteria. BTD uses a separate plasma source to provide ions for sputtering, so low bias voltages on the targets produce unprecedented (for sputtering) low and controllable kinetic energies of arriving In, Ga and N atoms at the growing InGaN surface. The hypothesis will be tested that slightly elevated particle energies might replace the atom mobility effects of heating and allow growth at lower temperature, which would solve a well-known phase segregation problem in InxGa1-xN as x is increased. Techniques within BTD give an aggressive nitriding environment, starting from inert N2, so InGaN is grown by co-sputtering from separate In and Ga metal sputter targets, the Ga target being a molten pool.

Kyma Technologies, Inc. 8829 Midway West Road Raleigh, NC 27617
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(919) 789-8880 Drew Hanser DARPA 08-053 Awarded: 6/11/2009
Title:	HVPE-grown InGaN Materials for Aggressive Cost Reduction of Solid State Lighting Technologies
Abstract:	Kyma Technologies will develop InGaN growth technologies using the hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) process, and will combine this with a proven GaN epitaxial growth technology to enable aggressive cost reduction for InGaN-based devices. This approach will enable a reduction in the required MOCVD growth steps in the fabrication of LEDs for solid state lighting, leading to a significant reduction in the costs of epitaxy of the LED device structure. In Phase I, Kyma will demonstrate high quality InGaN-based epitaxial layers via HVPE using a novel HVPE growth platform.

Structured Materials Industries 201 Circle Drive North Unit # 102 Piscataway, NJ 08854
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 302-9274 Nick Sbrockey DARPA 08-053 Awarded: 2/5/2009
Title:	Low Cost InGaN Device Production and HOVPE Tool
Abstract:	In this SBIR effort, Structured Materials Industries, Inc. www.structuredmaterials.com (SMI) will develop a low-cost production technology, and the commercial tool set, for low cost InGaN devices production. InGaN and the related group III-Nitride semiconductors are important for a range of electronic device applications, spanning LED's, photovoltaics, detectors, and high speed / high power devices. Present production technologies such as MOCVD and MBE are too slow and too expensive for commercial production of all but the most high-end products. This project will develop a scalable production HVPE/OMVPE hybrid tool for InGaN and related materials, capable of low cost and high volume device production. In Phase I, we will demonstrate technical feasibility of the HVPE/OMVPE hybrid concept. In Phase II, we will reduce the concept to practice and build a prototype HVPE/OMVPE hybrid reactor. We will also demonstrate the capabilities in Phase II, by producing InGaN based devices � nominally a photovoltaic and a quantum well LED.

Energy Focus, Inc 32000 Aurora Road Solon, OH 44139
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(440) 715-1251 Roger Buelow DARPA 08-054 Awarded: 3/5/2009
Title:	Explosion-Proof Solid State Lighting Fixture for Extreme Environments
Abstract:	The project will develop a solid-state alternative to the inefficient, excessively hot and maintenance-intensive incandescent explosion-proof lighting fixtures used by the Navy. Solid-State Lighting using Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) is now technically feasible but several difficult challenges remain to be overcome in order to deploy them in certain Navy applications. To achieve the long lifetimes promised by LED lighting (around 5-10 years of continuous lighting operation) special electronic control and protection systems must be developed. These control systems must be able to protect the LEDs from thermal damage while still meeting the stringent requirements for shipboard interface electronics. The LED lighting must also be able to operate reliably with dimming power systems. Most LED lighting systems today are not compatible with shipboard dimming power controls which constitutes an important energy saving technique. The cost proposal associated with this work is included as the last page of the technical proposal.

InnoSys, Inc. 3622 West 1820 South Salt Lake City, UT 84104
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(801) 975-7399 Larry Sadwick DARPA 08-054 Awarded: 4/9/2009
Title:	Explosion-Proof Solid State Lighting Fixture for Extreme Environments
Abstract:	Efficient shipboard naval lighting is important for numerous reasons. There is also a need for efficient explosion-proof lighting coupled with reliable dimmable driver electronics for shipboard naval environments. Important considerations for such an efficient and dimmable light include ensuring long service life and the ability to withstand high- temperature operation under consistently high levels of continuous mechanical shock and vibration. Certain types of lighting aboard Naval vessels, an example being the Symbol 48.2 incandescent lamp fixture, are required to operate continuously in high temperature, high vibration environments in the presence of inflammable vapors. The extreme operating environment causes the lamps in these fixtures to fail frequently resulting in high maintenance costs. To address the issues with conventional incandescent lights, we propose to develop ultrahigh reliability, truly dimmable, ultra-compact, long life solid state lighting (SSL) light emitting diode (LED) driver electronics that shall be capable of long-lived operation under such high temperature, high vibration, inflammable vapors and harsh condition environment. We will also employ and further develop current advances in SSL components and systems including heat transfer and thermal management together with the use of advanced coupling and luminaire optics to offer a robust, reliable and dimmable product replacement to current fixtures.

L. C. Doane 110 Pond Meadow Rd Ivoryton, CT 06442
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 767-8295 Ira Baskin DARPA 08-054 Awarded: 8/6/2009
Title:	Explosion-Proof Solid State Lighting Fixture for Extreme Environments
Abstract:	the l. c. doane company will leverage it's 10 years of design and manufacturing experience with LEDs to provide a design which will meet or exceed the requirements of the legacy mil-spec light fixture.

Space Hardware Optimization Technology, 7200 Highway 150 Greenville, IN 47124
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(812) 923-9591 Nathan Thomas DARPA 08-054 Awarded: 4/22/2009
Title:	Explosion-Proof Solid State Lighting Fixture for Extreme Environments
Abstract:	The SHOT Explosion Proof Solid State Lighting Fixture (EPSSLF) is the "next generation" explosion proof fixture incorporating state-of-the-art, high output LED's. A properly sized LED light grid and associated power controller card will guarantee a long, maintenance free life at least 50 times longer than the current incandescent lamp. The SHOT system takes advantage of the currently approved for use Symbol 48.2 fixture housing. This cast aluminum housing is an excellent heat sink capable of wicking away a significant amount of LED junction heat through convection and conduction. What's significant is the modifications to the housing can be performed with little impact to the current explosion proof configuration the Symbol 48.2 is widely know for and with the inclusion of the SHOT LED system, an unbeatable combination capable of surviving the harshest of environments will be formed. The SHOT EPSSLF will be a cost effective replacement savings thousands of dollars annually across the DOD.

TeKnowLogica 1001 Bridgeway #729 Sausalito, CA 94965
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(415) 310-8866 Robert McCullough DARPA 08-054 Awarded: 5/20/2009
Title:	Explosion-Proof Solid State Lighting Fixture for Extreme Environments
Abstract:	We propose to develop a replacement lamp for the Symbol 48.2 fixture in wide use in the Navy. This lamp will have full explosion proof capabilities and be able to withstand the harsh environmental conditions of heat, shock, vibration and electrical interference. It will operate with existing controls including all dimmer circuits.

Biz Research Inc. 9117 Molly Ln Suite 111 Anacortes, WA 98221
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(360) 299-2915 Roy Martin DARPA 08-055 Awarded: 6/2/2009
Title:	A Spectrally Dynamic Berth Light for Active Circadian Cycle Management
Abstract:	Navy and other armed service personnel frequently encounter environmental conditions that upset the natural circadian rhythm and would profit from a light that offers corrective management. The feasibility of a new berth light will be studied. It will meet the standard requirements but also have spectral, timed, controlled and intense enough light to affect the human circadian system. The advantages of solid state light emitting diodes will be utilized. Built in controls will provide ease in implementing fixed time exposures of bright light and/or �dawn simulation� (i.e. a gradual increase in light prior to waking). These exposures have shown efficacy in circadian modification. Special attention will be paid to the potential use of blue light because of its dominant circadian affect. However, if excessive - it could pose a potential eye hazard, so it will be carefully considered. We will also analyze the alternate use of green light. Tests will be conducted on assembled light configurations to identify their illumination patterns and intensities. The exposures to subjects will be predicted. Thermal management effectiveness will be determined. Results will clarify feasibility and provide information for building prototypes in Phase II.

Concentris Systems LLC 2800 Woodlawn Drive Suite 238 Honolulu, HI 96822
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 781-2003 Tareq Hoque DARPA 08-055 Awarded: 5/12/2009
Title:	A Spectrally Dynamic Berth Light for Active Circadian Cycle Management
Abstract:	This three-phase SBIR project will develop an actively managed circadian rhythm berth- light fixture that meets the stringent requirements of the Navy for shipboard replacement of conventional fluorescent fixtures. The fixture will combine high-efficiency solid-state lighting (SSL) and an intuitive user interface that guides the user in the timed application of blue light to self-manage sleep cycles. The electronic design will leverage commercially available components to achieve cost-efficiencies, and will be flexible and upgradeable to support additional features such as central control. SSL-based lighting will also benefit the Navy with improved reliability and endurance and by reducing the total life-cycle cost of berth lighting.

Energy Focus, Inc 32000 Aurora Road Solon, OH 44139
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(440) 715-1251 Roger Buelow DARPA 08-055 Awarded: 2/12/2009
Title:	A Spectrally Dynamic Berth Light for Active Circadian Cycle Management
Abstract:	Energy Focus has envisioned a Generation 2 berth light LED system that incorporates an illumination spectrum consistent with the latest research in spectrally tuned adjustment and resetting of circadian rhythms. Research shows that the human eye contains specialized receptors for 420nm-560nm light which signal the body to suppress melatonin production. In the absence of this light, the body is signaled to produce melatonin, promoting sleep. The Generation 1 SSL berth light design will be exploited to provide a device with enhanced illumination options. During this project, spectra will be identified for general illumination and circadian modification along with the identification of the proper timing required for circadian modification. The target illumination patterns will be developed based on current Mil Specifications and the optical system. The updated berth light will be further refined using computer modeling. A prominent feature of this next generation system will be simple controls accessible to the user. The controls will allow the user to set the system to correspond with their individual sleep-wake requirements. Effort will also be directed to developing SSL driver specifications. The cost proposal associated with this work is included as the last page of the technical proposal.

Intelligent Payload Solutions 1915 Jamboree Drive, Suite 125 Colorado Springs, CO 80920
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(719) 260-7838 Christopher Franz DARPA 08-055 Awarded: 6/16/2009
Title:	Spectrally-Tunable Light Engine for Enhanced Performance (SLEEP)
Abstract:	The IPS Team has substantial expertise in all the required technical disciplines, plus the vital systems engineering and production experience to deliver a usable programmable spectrum lighting system and plan several demonstration models in Phase I. We have designated this program the Spectrally-Tunable Light Engine for Enhanced Performance (SLEEP), both for the memorable acronym and to remind us of the true intent of the device � to enable shift-type workers to improve their sleep and wakeful performance. Designing this device relies upon our Team�s real-world knowledge of and experience with sensors, optics, image processing, displays, human factors, and manufacturing. The IPS Team possesses these capabilities. Today, the IPS Team develops, builds, and maintains numerous imaging and illumination devices for military and commercial operators. To design these products, one must conduct comprehensive concept development, research, and trade studies to make certain the system meets customer requirements prior to fabrication. Our Team will repeat these proven processes for the SLEEP program.

Kent Optronics, Inc 40 Corporate Park Drive Hopewell Junction, NY 12533
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(845) 897-0138 Hong Wei DARPA 08-055 Awarded: 2/3/2009
Title:	Multifunctional and Spectrally Dynamic Berth Light for Navy Shipboard Use
Abstract:	This SBIR Phase I proposal introduces a medical/clinical research and product development program toward a spectrally dynamic berth light system that will provide, in addition to general lighting, effective resetting of the human body clock for a wide range of naval environments, where the circadian rhythm is frequently disrupted and high levels of vigilance are required. The berth light system rests on the existing berth light fixture currently in Navy shipboard, in which the original fluorescent tube is replaced with the specially designed LED tube that consists of an array of blue and KOI modified white LED elements together with the control electronics. The clinically proved light treatment protocols will also be pre-loaded into the system. The best general lighting from the white LED is achieved by material engineering on the white LED elements. In Phase I, a demo berth lighting fixture will be developed with proved functions of general lighting and circadian rhythm management based on the clinical research input. Phase II program and beyond develops and tests the prototype berth light system followed by the product commercialization.

Trout Green Technologies, Incorporated 13581 Pond Springs Rd #305 Austin, TX 78729
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 331-9600 Douglas Michalsky DARPA 08-055 Awarded: 2/4/2009
Title:	A Spectrally Dynamic Berth Light for Active Circadian Cycle Management
Abstract:	We propose to develop an LED-based berth light for circadian regulation specifically designed to support transition from laboratory research through shipboard deployment with minimal alterations. The device will be form factor compatible with MIL-F-16377/17 and electrically compatible with MIL-STD-1399.

Applied Physical Sciences Corp. 475 Bridge Street Suite 100 Groton, CT 06340
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 448-3253 Benjamin Connell DARPA 08-056 Awarded: 2/20/2009
Title:	Mobile Offshore Platform for Wind Turbine Power Generation
Abstract:	There is a Department of Defense need for a persistent, mobile power generating capability to service offshore bases and other temporary or mobile installations. In order to facilitate both persistence and mobility, the present concept is of a free floating wind turbine platform, convertible from generating mode to transit mode. Challenges to design of this concept include stability, seakeeping, convertibility, and dynamic positioning. The most significant challenge is to overcome the large aerodynamic drag which is necessarily associated with power extraction from the wind. With conventional thrusters, the power required to overcome the aerodynamic drag is larger than the power generated by the turbine up through moderate wind speeds. Lacking a mooring system to maintain position, alternative concepts to counter the drag must be considered to realize surplus power through a significant range of conditions. The proposed concept seeks to counter aerodynamic turbine drag with passive propulsion, utilizing the motion of the platform response in waves to generate hydrodynamic thrust. Dynamic positioning, required for the platform to maintain station within 25 feet, can include elements of passive propulsion in thrust vectoring to further reduce power consumption.

Exquadrum, Inc 12130 Rancho Road Adelanto, CA 92301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 246-0279 Kevin Mahaffy DARPA 08-056 Awarded: 3/9/2009
Title:	Platform for Offshore Wind Energy Resources (POWER)
Abstract:	The objective of this proposed research effort is to determine the feasibility of an offshore platform that can support a wind turbine and maintain station, without the use of mooring lines. This will be accomplished by conducting a study based on first principles and computational modeling under the umbrella of a disciplined systems engineering process. The project team will conclude by publishing a formal evaluation of the concept, in order to determine if large mobile offshore wind turbines can be used to support future DoD power generation needs.

Nelson Engineering Co. 5335 North Courtenay Parkway Merritt Island, FL 32953
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 449-1128 Carolyn Seringer DARPA 08-056 Awarded: 2/10/2009
Title:	Mobile Offshore Platform for Wind Turbine Power Generation
Abstract:	This project will design a mobile offshore platform (MOP) to support wind powered generators. The platform will maximize platform stability through use of passive means consisting of drift panels and use a multi section platform using rotating and hinged connections between the wind generator platform and floats. The MOP will also include an active positioning system to maintain platform station within a 25� radius. This systems will include GPS sensors and the control system for platform movement and orientation. The MOP will be scalable.

Adventium Enterprises, LLC 111 Third Ave. S., Suite 100 Minneapolis, MN 55401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(763) 438-2574 Tom Haigh DARPA 08-058 Awarded: 6/30/2009
Title:	AIMFIRST (Automated Intelligent Management For Integrated Strategy and Tactics)
Abstract:	Weighted mission-centric correlation of network resources identified by automated mission course-of-action generation, supported by automated identification and mapping of underlying dynamic networks, can map administrative, business, and war fighting needs to key information assets and their underlying infrastructure. We propose to develop the necessary resource correlation engine to demonstrate the feasibility of using existing Adventium network discovery, analysis, and mission course-of-action generation to provide automated end-to-end network-centric mission mapping.

Charles River Analytics Inc. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Curt Wu DARPA 08-058 Awarded: 6/15/2009
Title:	Continuously Optimized Markets for Mission Assured Networking with Dynamic Environments and Resources (COMMANDER)
Abstract:	The goal of Net-Centric Warfare (NCW) is to provide the warfighter with the right information at the right time. As command and control (C2) doctrine and tactics evolve with NCW at their core, mission critical tasks become increasingly reliant on the integrity and responsiveness of network resources. Adding support for Mission Assured Networking (MAN), the capability to map mission critical tasks to the network�s underlying information systems, would allow the warfighter to quickly understand the impact of a network-related event on the success of a mission or task. To address this challenge, we will adopt a distributed Market-Based Optimization (MBO) approach to support rapid generation of resource-data-task mapping. An optimal equilibrium emerges from the bottom-up decentralized interaction of intelligent agents that represent all of the elements of the operational network. Because of our modular, agent-based approach to domain modeling, our approach easily adapts to evolving and emerging network resources, data types, and task definitions. The market also relies on techniques borrowed from �futures markets� that allow agents to act on predictive information. To support scalability and network optimization, we will distribute optimization across a number of markets deployed at specific �robust� nodes that are stable, accessible, and resource-rich.

Daniel H. Wagner, Associates, Incorporat 40 Lloyd Avenue Suite 200 Malvern, PA 19355
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 727-7700 Richard Samms DARPA 08-058 Awarded: 1/29/2009
Title:	Mission Assured Networking (MAN)
Abstract:	Daniel H. Wagner proposes to explore and develop the method and the mathematics by which information and networks can be dynamically evaluated to minimize the transmission or display of redundant, low-value data while assuring that high-value information and subsystems are available. To do this, we propose to develop a non- probabilistic measure of value that encompasses all possible aggregates of the data and the semantics of the information in the network. We also propose to develop measures of entropy and channel capacity based on this measure similar to those developed by Claude Shannon. What is unique to our approach are the developments of: 1) the axiomatic properties of such a value function that results in intervals for the data valuation rather than a single value, 2) an approach to assigning/determining the value function for a set of data that is easily modified, augmented and auditable and capable of including consensus, and 3) an update and capacity maximization scheme that is based upon a recognized measure of information.

Vcrsoft LLC 2310 Bamboo Drive STE J303 Arlington, TX 76006
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(817) 652-3190 VC Ramesh DARPA 08-058 Awarded: 1/22/2009
Title:	Dynamic Decentralized Resource Allocation for Autonomic MAN
Abstract:	Mission assured networking (MAN) is a capability for mapping mission tasks to information technology (IT) resources in a highly dynamic environment where both tasks and resources change rapidly. Autonomic MAN would permit such task-resource allocations to be performed in a bottom-up decentralized manner with limited need for human intervention. Highly granular task priorities should be accommodated. Everything is dynamic and a decentralized collaborative peer-to-peer model is the only way forward in a net-centric warfare environment. We propose a dynamic decentralized resource allocation methodology for creating MAN-enabled systems.

GHKN Engineering, LLC P.O. Box 2585 16307 NE 83rd Street Redmond, WA 98073
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(425) 881-3635 Richard Smith DARPA 08-059 Awarded: 4/29/2009
Title:	Continuous Detonation Rocket and Air Breathing Engines
Abstract:	This proposal describes an approach to evaluate the continuous detonation phenomenon using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method for analyzing the critical factors needed to create a model of the detonation physics in a simulated engine. The work perfomed to define the operating parameters will be conducted using a program called MaxS as the primary tool. This program has been shown to provide the necessary computational capability for time rate calculations with extensive nodes and grid display. An attempt will be made to use the program for finite rate chemistry and it is anticipated that a successful model summary will be possible to obtain during the Phase I program. Comparisons and evaluations of options offered by the results of the work accomplished will be made. Concepts will be reviewed for the design of a working subscale model that could be built and tested during a Phase II program. Subsequent to developing a model method a recommendation will be made for a test article design based on the theoretical results.

HYPERCOMP, INC. 2629 Townsgate Road Suite 105 Westlake Village, CA 91361
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 371-7500 Ramakanth Munipalli DARPA 08-059 Awarded: 1/5/2009
Title:	Continuous Detonation Rocket and Air Breathing Engines
Abstract:	We propose here a systematic sequence of advancements which can lead to the efficient and reliable operation of continuous detonation engines. The advancements sought will pertain to fuel injection, initiation and sustenance of detonation waves and the geometrical design of detonation channels and nozzles. A scalability study will be performed to assess the feasibility of the detonation engine at larger thrust levels and design alternatives needed at higher thrust levels will be explored. Phase-I research will rely upon analytical and computational models, and a test program is planned at the University of Texas at Arlington (UTA) for a potential second phase of this project. Ample prior experience on all these fronts is available with the proposing team of HyPerComp and UTA.

Systima Technologies, Inc. 1832 180th St. SE Bothell, WA 98012
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(425) 487-4020 Jerry Berg DARPA 08-059 Awarded: 2/17/2009
Title:	Continuous Detonation Rocket and Air Breathing Engines
Abstract:	Proposal will develop and study feasibility of Continuous Detonation Rocket Engine (CDRE) systems for rocket and combined cycle engines. Systima Technologies, Inc., Geminus Technology Development, LLC and the University of Washington, Fluids and Propulsion Labs have detonation engine expertise and propose to develop a working CDRE computational model, design demonstration CDRE, and feasibility analysis of CDRE. This effort has full support of Pratt & Whitney�s active continuous detonation experience. Detonation engines should exhibit higher levels of performance with more efficient thermodynamic properties over conventional constant-pressure combustion systems. Study of unsteady combustion systems is key to addressing continued interest in advanced engines such as Rocket Based Combined Cycle (RBCC), Turbine Based Combined Cycle (TBCC) and Single Stage To Orbit (SSTO). This proposal is instrumental to advance this technology and assess potential advantages. Under similar conditions, detonation is more efficient combustion process over deflagration. This is evidenced by lower increases in entropy during detonation and its thermodynamic advantage. The challenge is applying detonation into propulsion. CDRE�s advantages over conventional detonation engines are simplicity and performance. The Systima-Geminus-University of Washington-Pratt & Whitney team proposes computational modeling, feasibility analysis, and an experimentation in parallel to advance CDRE technology and evaluate its potential.

Intelligent Automation, Inc. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5273 Wendy Nicholas DARPA 08-060 Awarded: 4/2/2009
Title:	Space Plug-and-Play Compatible Wireless Avionics
Abstract:	The Space Plug-and-play Avionics (SPA) approach initiated by the Air Force Research Laboratory supports an � la carte method of constructing arbitrarily complex arrangements of virtually any sensor or actuator type. However, SPA still relies on many physical wire harnesses to interconnect modules and panels. We propose to pursue the ultimate interconnection flexibility by removing all physical data wires. In the proposed design, all of the data streams on an ASIM that are currently going a SPA-S connector will be connected to a built-in ultra wideband (UWB) transceiver. The baseband signal generated by this transceiver will go through a built-in front end to a dual antenna port. All ASIMs can use their wireless links to communicate with each other directly. UWL can achieve 480 Mbps --- sufficient for transmitting SPA-S�s 400-Mbps data. We propose to add a backup communication link by coupling the same baseband signal into the existing power line. A fail-over mechanism will automatically transmit the data through the Power Line Link when the wireless link fails. The proposed hybrid SPA scheme (SPA-H) can reduce launch systems� weight, development cost, operational cost, development risk, and operational risk.

Masten Space Systems, Inc. P.O. Box N Mojave, CA 93502
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(415) 244-9171 David Masten DARPA 08-060 Awarded: 2/12/2009
Title:	Wireless Avionics Testbed for Payload Delivery Launch Systems
Abstract:	The objective of the proposed activity is to evaluate several wireless protocol and hardware combinations in flight using a test network on an appropriate flight testbed, and select a combination of one or more technologies to develop for both government and commercial use in space, and other applications. The test network will be configurable to mimic a variety of different potential types of network traffic. The output of Phase I will be a collection of potential customer requirements, test system design, test plan, candidate hardware/protocol list, and an initial validation bench test of at least one commercial wireless protocol/hardware combination. The test will determine throughput, error rates, and interference and hardware-performance data. This test series will move the first selected protocol/hardware combination to TRL 5. Phase 2 will test each of the candidate hardware and protocol combinations in flight, and produce a database of test results. Based on this, a preferred combination of hardware and software components will be designated. Phase 3 will select the preferred hardware/protocol combination, and implement a complete operational wireless system bus, packageable into a commercial service to NASA, DOD and the commercial space industry.

MaXentric Technologies LLC 2071 Lemoine Avenue Suite 302 Fort Lee, NJ 07024
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 272-8800 Houman Ghajari DARPA 08-060 Awarded: 2/5/2009
Title:	Wireless Avionics Architecture for Payload Delivery Launch Systems
Abstract:	V-band wireless communications can replace cables that connect payload launch delivery systems with the added advantages of small size, low weight, and noise mitigation. Current implementations of V-band wireless links are severely impaired by challenges such as shadowing. MaXentric�s 60 GHz VIAS system is an effective method that overcomes such challenges and offers to a drop-in solution for launch vehicles that is transparent to clients that rely on a wire-based communication system. The VIAS system is not limited by existing launch vehicle communication architectures, since the transceiver is a stand-alone RF front-end, and can be used to implement new communication protocols.

Dragonfly Pictures, Inc. PO Box 202 West End of Second Street Essington, PA 19029
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 521-6115 Richard Billingslea DARPA 08-061 Awarded: 2/23/2009
Title:	Transformational Close Air Support
Abstract:	Research is proposed to investigate the feasibility of developing an HMMWV based Vertical Unmanned Aircraft System (VUAS) with laser designator and target geo- referencing capability to provide Close Air Support (CAS). Shoulder fired missiles have pushed US aircraft so far away from the CAS customer that he needs to find a replacement for the aircraft. As CAS aircraft stand off farther from the small unit commander they drive up complexity, training, response time, equipment weight, and costs involved in CAS. To transform CAS, DPI proposes to develop a multi-functional VUAS that operates in the near earth environment with on-board weapons. Innovations in flight controls, path planning, weapons management, and autonomous weight management are required to deliver this capability to the small unit commander.

Energid Technologies 124 Mount Auburn Street Suite 200 North Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(888) 547-4100 Brian O DARPA 08-061 Awarded: 6/4/2009
Title:	RF Enhancement Kit - REK for Friendly Fire Prevention
Abstract:	In this proposal we will address two areas where CAS can be greatly improved: friendly fire incidents and improved accuracy of Global Positioning System (GPS) guided munitions. Our system (RF Enhancement Kit - REK) will enable access to never before attainable data: real-time, positional and trajectory data of an inbound bomb. REK will use this data for two purposes 1) to establish a safety zone around a given ground position, 2) to automatically correct bomb trajectory in bombs that have movable fins. Energid’s proposed system will revolutionize the effectiveness and efficiency of CAS by virtually ensuring Friendly Fire incidents are eliminated and GPS guided munitions hit closer to their intended target - elevating them from “near-precision” to “precision” status weapons.

Two Lights Technologies, LLC 2208 S. Culpeper St. Arlington, VA 22206
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 822-7363 Kevin Blenkhorn DARPA 08-061 Awarded: 1/20/2009
Title:	C-Strike
Abstract:	Close Air Support (CAS) is playing an increasing role in military operations. The emphasis on Special Operations in recent years has increased the combat range of small units, often sending squad-sized units hundreds of miles behind enemy lines. Small units rely on stealth and airpower. They remain covert, but when they are discovered, they call in airpower to keep from being outgunned. All too often, unfortunately, air support is not available quickly enough. What is needed is an unmanned weapons platform that can be airborne 24/7 to provide CAS for small units. The overall goal of this multi-phase SBIR project is to develop a transformational CAS system that will allow small-unit operators to control unmanned CAS assets from a handheld controller. The soldiers will be able to request unmanned air support, target enemy positions, and fire the weapons. The soldiers will use a visual control system to guide weapons. A successful Phase I will lead to a Phase II prototype-development program. We will develop a working model of the C- Strike CAS system to validate our approach. Phase III will involve partnering with manufacturers to finalize engineering of the weapons system and to integrate it onto a UAV for flight testing.

NextGen Aeronautics 2780 Skypark Drive Suite 400 Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 626-8652 Dana Howard DARPA 08-062 Awarded: 3/30/2009
Title:	Leap-Ahead Control Theoretic Applications
Abstract:	Significant resources are required for the design, development, implementation, and testing of modern flight control systems. Large amounts of time and money must be spent in the acquisition and analysis of wind tunnel and analytical data to ensure the precision tuning of flight control laws over the large flight envelope of a modern aircraft. Additionally, when the vehicle condition changes due to common deviations such as payload changes, system upgrades, and degradation or failure of actuation systems over the life of the aircraft, further testing and analysis must be conducted to maintain the high fidelity of the model and retuning of the control system. The practical application of robust adaptive control strategies to these flight control systems can significantly reduce the costs and risks associated with their development and maintenance. With the utilization of adaptive, robust, and fault tolerant control algorithms, required fidelity of original modeling data, re-study of the algorithm due to configuration change, and risk to the aircraft under tolerable system failures can all be significantly reduced. This should lead to dramatic reduction in the cost and risk associated with the development and validation of future flight control systems. With this in mind, the NextGen team plans to develop a high-level adaptive control framework, allowing seamless implementation of existing Flight Control Systems (FCS) capable of meeting these goals and, in Phase I, verify its expected benefits through a series of simulations and hardware tests.

Scientific Systems Company, Inc 500 West Cummings Park - Ste 3000 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 933-5355 Jovan Boskovic DARPA 08-062 Awarded: 5/11/2009
Title:	Guaranteed Performance Adaptive Control (GPAC) for Aerospace Applications
Abstract:	The major objectives of this project are: (i) To develop relevant performance metrics for adaptive systems, and (ii) To design guaranteed performance adaptive controllers using an adaptive Multiple Models, Switching and Tuning (MMST) approach. This is a highly complex problem that has not been solved so far even for linear systems. The key capability that the proposed work will provide is to assure consistent performance in adaptive control of time-varying and nonlinear systems under large uncertainties. Our objective is to build upon SSCI's extensive work in this field and derive theoretical conditions under which performance of the overall adaptive system can be guaranteed in the case of linear time-invariant and time-varying systems, and some classes of nonlinear systems. Successful theoretical developments will facilitate Verification and Validation (V&V) procedures and flight certification of adaptive flight control software. In order to achieve the project objectives, in Phase I we propose to carry out the following tasks: (i) Problem Formulation; (ii) Development of a Simulation Testbed based on Autonomous Aerial Refueling (AAR); (iii) Development of Guaranteed Performance Adaptive Control (GPAC) Algorithms; (iv) Initial Study of the Finite-time Stability of the Switching Strategies; and (v) Implementation & Performance Evaluation of the GPAC Algorithms on the Simulation Testbed. Professor K. S. Narendra of Yale University, who is world-renown for his fundamental contributions to adaptive control, will provide theoretical support under the project. Phase II will involve high-fidelity and piloted simulations in collaboration with Boeing, who will also provide commercialization support in Phase III.

Senseta, Inc 717 Maplewood Ave. Palo Alto, CA 94303
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 861-6000 Khalid Al-Ali DARPA 08-062 Awarded: 2/17/2009
Title:	Leap-Ahead Control Theoretic Applications
Abstract:	When system parameters change abruptly due to, for example, actuator damage in aircraft, or an unknown slung load disturbance in rotorcraft hover control, the use of neural network reconfigurable control has proven to be effective in mitigating the resulting disturbances and returning the controller performance to the desired baseline. Despite its continued success in both the theoretical and practical domains, there still exists a crucial missing link that thwarts not only acceptance in both government and industrial applications, but also the robustness guarantees that indicate how far the system is from instability, and how much time-delay can the feedback loops tolerate. Currently, there is no equivalent notion of phase and gain margin for neural network adaptive control. We therefore see a critical need to address this division with both sound theoretical analysis and experimental validation. This proposal seeks to (1) develop the analytical techniques necessary to overcome this division, (2) develop a software toolbox built on top of MATLAB to assist the engineer in applying these techniques to a wide range of control problems and (3) perform rigorous simulation based testing on an aircraft with three failure modes, and also on a rotorcraft with unknown sling load attached.

Signal Processing, Inc. 13619 Valley Oak Circle Rockville, MD 20850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(240) 505-2641 Chiman Kwan DARPA 08-062 Awarded: 6/23/2009
Title:	High Performance Intelligent Controller for Systems with Unknown Dynamics
Abstract:	The first generation of intelligent control applications was for systems with unknown dynamics, with on-line learning of the neural network weights. The second generation of intelligent control applications has generally provided off-line design methods that first solve the optimal design equations, and then apply the resulting control to the system with no on-line learning. The system dynamics must generally be known. We propose a novel, high performance, and third generation intelligent control framework, which is applicable to systems with unknown dynamics, including air vehicles, Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs), Micro-Air Vehicles (MAVs), robots, motors, and power systems. The framework consists of two cooperative on-line learning modules. First, an adaptive critic network is used to approximate the cost function (performance index) of the system. Second, another action network uses the critic information to adjust certain control parameters in the action network. Major advantages include: 1) system dynamics can be unknown; 2) controller achieves optimal performance in the steady-state; 3) the overall system performance is robust to disturbances and unknown changes in the system dynamics.

Stochasttech Corp.(DBA Tempest Technolog 8939 South Sepulveda Blvd Suite 506 Los Angeles, CA 90045
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 216-1677 Yun Wang DARPA 08-062 Awarded: 1/16/2009
Title:	Leap-Ahead Control Theoretic Applications
Abstract:	The real-time implementation of controls in nonlinear systems remains one of the great challenges in applying advanced control technology. Often, linearization around a set point is the only practical approach, and many controllers implemented in hardware systems are simple PID feedback mechanisms. To apply Pontryagin�s principle or Bellman�s equation for high dimensional nonlinear systems requires more computing power than is realistic. The success of linear control theory, especially certainty equivalence and LQG approaches, leads us to hope for additional gains from fully nonlinear controls. We propose an innovation in computational nonlinear control that offers ground breaking potential for real-time control applications, making fully nonlinear problems solvable with the computational efficiency of linear problems.

Wise Enterprises 4121 Eastleigh Dr Plano, TX 75024
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(214) 387-9270 P. Lawrence DARPA 08-062 Awarded: 6/9/2009
Title:	Leap-Ahead Control Theoretic Applications
Abstract:	In many cases, humans still out-perform today's best control systems. We could presumably approach human performance in these cases by building systems that more closely mimic human information processing, but unfortunately, that is still poorly understood. �Intelligent systems� try hard to mimic such processing, but all are deficient in various ways. Moreover, many control system engineers are reluctant to utilize intelligent systems for control applications, because such systems are unfamiliar, hard to use, and tend to lead out of the formal mathematics normally associated with system control. In Phase I of this project, we will investigate the feasibility of new technology that we expect will overcome these issues. We plan to build tools, methodology, and intellectual properties around this technology in Phase II, then push these assets aggressively to the huge markets and growing number of situations where control systems are employed, especially those where humans have previously surpassed machines.

Cornerstone Research Group, Inc. 2750 Indian Ripple Road Dayton, OH 45440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 320-1877 Christopher Hemmelgarn DARPA 08-063 Awarded: 4/13/2009
Title:	Microvascular Networks for Thermal Management
Abstract:	Cornerstone Research Group Inc. (CRG) will develop polymer matrix composite systems with imbedded microvasular networks that act as conduits for the transport of thermally conductive nanofluids. Optimized to withstand the grueling environmental conditions experienced in the stratosphere including atomic oxygen (AO), ozone (O3), and ultraviolet (UV) light exposure; material development will result in a new skin system that has the capability of transporting heat throughout the entire surface area of HALE aircraft, which can exceed 500 m2. The ability to transfer heat across such a large surface area will compensate for low convection coefficients.

Creare Inc. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Jay Rozzi, DARPA 08-063 Awarded: 3/18/2009
Title:	A Lightweight, High Efficiency, Heat Rejection System for HALE Aircraft
Abstract:	The ability to obtain reconnaissance anywhere in the world within a short time after launch is critical to the information gathering capability of the United States. High Altitude Long Endurance (HALE) vehicles were designed for this purpose. Creare�s innovation is a novel High Altitude Heat Rejection System (HAHRS) that utilizes high conductivity, lightweight coated panels that are bonded to low-profile, ultra-light aluminum heat pipes for effective, lightweight heat rejection at low and high altitudes. Based on our initial calculations, our novel HAHRS will meet or exceed DARPA�s goals by enabling the rejection of 50 kW of heat with a mass of approximately 80 kg (~1.6 kg/kW) and an area of approximately 90 square meters. Our innovation can operate at low and high temperatures and represents a significant advancement in the state-of-the-art in heat rejection systems.

Enig Associates, Inc. 12501 Prosperity Drive Suite 340 Silver Spring, MD 20904
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 680-8600 Robert Terry DARPA 08-063 Awarded: 2/12/2009
Title:	Heat Rejection at Low Air Density for Very High Altitude Aircraft
Abstract:	High altitudes both make heat rejection difficult and impose power plant constraints that add significant waste heat to be rejected. The result is a challenging transport problem we can most effectively attack by making use of the longer mean free paths at stratospheric altitudes and the short length scales of particular multiphase ceramic materials to enhance electrically the natural heat convection processes. The initial survey will identify and attempt (i) to optimize the physical dimensions of these devices relative to typical boundary layers and accommodation lengths, and (ii) to establish the electrical operating points, duty cycle, and dynamic ranges.

International Mezzo Technologies, Inc 7167 Florda Blvd Baton Rouge, LA 70806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(225) 706-0191 Jeffrey McLean DARPA 08-063 Awarded: 3/17/2009
Title:	Energy Rejection System for Very High Altitude Aircraft
Abstract:	High efficiency engines that reject waste heat to the atmosphere are needed for high altitude (85,000-100,000 ft), low speed aircraft that are envisioned for DoD applications. Often, a heat exchanger is required to reject the waste heat. The challenges of heat rejection are associated with the fact that because the density of the high altitude air is low and the velocity of the aircraft is low (to reduce drag), the mass flux of the air through the heat exchanger is quite low. It is a significant design challenge to build a heat exchanger that can simultaneously handle the large volume flow rates typical of high altitude scenarios, the low available pressure drop, and the need to be compact and lightweight. Mezzo builds micro tube heat exchangers that provide excellent heat transfer/volume and heat transfer/weight ratios, low pressure drop and ease of manufacture. Mezzo will design, build, and test a heat exchanger in an environment closely simulating flight at 85,000 ft. The program will provide quantified performance metrics (heat transfer and pressure drop) that will be needed to design full scale Mezzo heat exchangers for use in full scale, complete systems.

Thermacore, Inc. 780 Eden Road Lancaster, PA 17601
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(717) 519-3137 Alfred Phillips DARPA 08-063 Awarded: 3/23/2009
Title:	Energy Rejection Systems for Very High Altitude Aircraft
Abstract:	LHPs in composite skin,the "Wing as Radiator" concept has demonstrated 25-50 kW to 65k ft. Inflatable radiator has been analyzed for 500 kWt in GEO. Self deploying heat pipe radiators, heat pipes as structure, and LHPs for regenerative fuel cell thermal control have also been demonstrated by bidder. Phase I would integrate these technologies, map the solution space, and optimize their application...

Thoughtventions Unlimited LLC P.O. Box 1310 (40 Nutmeg Lane) Glastonbury, CT 06033
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 657-9014 Stephen Bates DARPA 08-063 Awarded: 2/4/2009
Title:	Energy Rejection Systems for Very High Altitude Aircraft
Abstract:	High altitude aircraft are now being used for atmospheric sampling and other purposes, but significant advances in performance must be achieved for sustained flight at altitudes up to 30 km. It is proposed to replace the standard metal finned circulating glycol/water heat exchanger with a droplet heat exchanger developed in this program. A circulating liquid sprayed into a ducted airstream creates a dense droplet field that directly transfers heat from the liquid to the gas and is then captured at the end of the duct by inertial separation from a sharply turning flow. A droplet heat exchanger efficiently rejects engine heat under widely varying conditions while greatly reducing heat exchanger weight and lowering aircraft drag. Heat transfer can be increased for high altitude flight, lower weight increases altitude capability and together with decreased drag increases range. Heat transfer and droplet collection can be maintained during speed and attitude changes, and the system tolerates rain, snow, and dust. DHXs have already been demonstrated experimentally; a Phase 1 experimental program is proposed to demonstrate the feasibility of a droplet heat exchanger for a UAV.

Busek Co. Inc. 11 Tech Circle Natick, MA 01760
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 655-5565 James Szabo DARPA 08-064 Awarded: 4/22/2009
Title:	Metal Hydride Energy Source for HALE Aircraft Propulsion
Abstract:	Busek Co. Inc. and the Applied Research Laboratory (ARL) of Pennsylvania State University propose to develop a metal hydride based propulsion system for High Altitude Long Endurance (HALE) aircraft. In Phase I, we will select the most promising propellant combination and design a system around it. We will demonstrate through analysis that the system can meet relevant HALE aircraft goals for power, lifetime, and specific fuel consumption. The complete system must store, deliver, ignite and combust the reactants, and effectively produce mechanical energy that can be used to drive a propeller. The most promising propellant candidate may be LiH. However other substances such as AlH3, LiAlH4, Al, and Li will also be considered during the analysis and feasibility study. In addition to air, storable oxidizers will be considered. In Phase II, a sub-scale version of the system will be built and tested. This program will leverage Busek�s existing efforts to develop a HALE aircraft engine, and ARL�s efforts to build a LiH based propulsion system for underwater applications.

Eltron Research & Development, Inc. 4600 Nautilus Court South Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 530-0263 James White DARPA 08-064 Awarded: 3/2/2009
Title:	A Metal Hydride Power Source for HALE Aircraft Propulsion
Abstract:	High altitude long endurance (HALE) aircraft encounter thin atmosphere, low temperatures, long missions, and long periods of storage, all within strict weight limitations. Power sources are correspondingly unconventional. DARPA has identified metal hydrides as preferred energy storage materials for this application. The proposed SBIR Phase I program addresses development of metal hydride materials for energy storage in HALE power sources. The approach will use the materials to supply an electrochemical cell that possesses both storage and conversion features. The hybrid technology would use a packaged metal hydride acting concomitantly as a fuel supply and as the anode of a battery. With this configuration, it will be possible to obtain requisite power and energy while minimizing system size, polarization losses, and overall weight. The metal hydrides will be incorporated into a nanostructured support, which will help decompose the metal hydride and provide a conductive matrix to act as the battery anode. Phase I will consist of preparing and characterizing metal hydrides, testing the fuels under conditions of the power source to be designed, and overall concept design. Phase II will result in optimization of the process chosen and the design, fabrication, and operation of a prototype power source for HALE applications.

Johnson Research & Development Co., Inc. 263 Decatur Street Atlanta, GA 30312
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(404) 584-2475 William Rauch DARPA 08-064 Awarded: 2/17/2009
Title:	Metal Hydride Energy Sources for Very High Altitude Aircraft Propulsion
Abstract:	Lithium metal possess a high specific capacity of 3860 Ah/kg, and can provide high voltages in electrochemical cells, thus creating the basis for high specific energy batteries. However, batteries based on lithium metal suffer several drawbacks, due to the poor morphology of redeposited lithium and possibility of dendrite growth, which can short circuit the battery and pose safety hazards. We propose to employ a lithium battery technique that captures significantly greater energy than currently accessed via conventional battery technologies.

---------- DTRA ----------

12 Phase I Selections from the 08.2 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

CFD Research Corporation 215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 726-4800 Alex Fedoseyev DTRA 08-001 Awarded: 3/4/2009
Title:	Characterization and Mitigation of Radiation Effects in Quantum Dot Based Nanotechnologies
Abstract:	The objectives of this task include: 1. Characterization of both ionizing and displacement damage radiation effects in nano- technology microelectronics to include, but not be limited to, Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) ultra-deep submicron (< 90nm) silicon based circuits, silicon-germanium quantum functional circuits, compound semiconductor technologies, carbon nanotube, nanocrystal and quantum dot based technologies. 2. Development and demonstration of minimally invasive methods to mitigate radiation effects for these technologies, to include both digital and analog/mixed-signal applications. 3. Development and validation of system design science approaches to mitigate radiation induced faults. The successful outcome of this task will support the use of ultra-deep submicron integrated circuits in DoD satellite systems that will result in very significant savings in weight, power and reliability for systems that include Space Radar, Space Tracking and Surveillance Systems, Transformational Satellite Communications System (TSAT) and others. Each new generation of microelectronics results in performance benefits that include > 2X in integration density, > 4X in power savings and > 2X in operating speed making possible very significant improvements in system capabilities. In addition, this task will also support the use of compound semiconductor technologies (e.g. Antimony Based Compound Semiconductors, Indium Phosphide, and others) in these systems and their introduction into advanced spacecraft and missile systems with similar savings in both power and weight and coupled with increased performance. DESCRIPTION: Current satellite systems are fabricated using a mix of commercial and radiation hardened circuits. However, the use of advanced commercial integrated circuits devices results in added complexity to mitigate radiation effects that can result in the mis- operation and/or destruction of devices. In many cases, the penalties in increased power, area, weight and added circuit complexity out-weigh any potential benefits and preclude the use of the advanced commercial technology. Moreover, these technologies have demonstrated a sensitivity to radiation effects. The present methods to mitigate radiation effects, while proven to be effective at circuit geometries > 150nm silicon based technology, have been shown to be less effective when applied to integrated circuit feature sizes below 100nm silicon based and compound semiconductor technologies. In addition, the introduction of new technologies, e.g. quantum function circuits, will require the development of new mitigation approaches.

Robust Chip Inc. 5820 Stoneridge Mall Rd. Suite 100 Pleasanton, CA 94588
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 847-2073 Klas Lilja DTRA 08-001 Awarded: 2/17/2009
Title:	The Characterization and Mitigation of Radiation Effects on Nano-technology Microelectronics
Abstract:	The objectives of this task include: 1. Characterization of both ionizing and displacement damage radiation effects in nano- technology microelectronics to include, but not be limited to, Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) ultra-deep submicron (< 90nm) silicon based circuits, silicon-germanium quantum functional circuits, compound semiconductor technologies, carbon nanotube, nanocrystal and quantum dot based technologies. 2. Development and demonstration of minimally invasive methods to mitigate radiation effects for these technologies, to include both digital and analog/mixed-signal applications. 3. Development and validation of system design science approaches to mitigate radiation induced faults. The successful outcome of this task will support the use of ultra-deep submicron integrated circuits in DoD satellite systems that will result in very significant savings in weight, power and reliability for systems that include Space Radar, Space Tracking and Surveillance Systems, Transformational Satellite Communications System (TSAT) and others. Each new generation of microelectronics results in performance benefits that include > 2X in integration density, > 4X in power savings and > 2X in operating speed making possible very significant improvements in system capabilities. In addition, this task will also support the use of compound semiconductor technologies (e.g. Antimony Based Compound Semiconductors, Indium Phosphide, and others) in these systems and their introduction into advanced spacecraft and missile systems with similar savings in both power and weight and coupled with increased performance. DESCRIPTION: Current satellite systems are fabricated using a mix of commercial and radiation hardened circuits. However, the use of advanced commercial integrated circuits devices results in added complexity to mitigate radiation effects that can result in the mis- operation and/or destruction of devices. In many cases, the penalties in increased power, area, weight and added circuit complexity out-weigh any potential benefits and preclude the use of the advanced commercial technology. Moreover, these technologies have demonstrated a sensitivity to radiation effects. The present methods to mitigate radiation effects, while proven to be effective at circuit geometries > 150nm silicon based technology, have been shown to be less effective when applied to integrated circuit feature sizes below 100nm silicon based and compound semiconductor technologies. In addition, the introduction of new technologies, e.g. quantum function circuits, will require the development of new mitigation approaches.

Applied Nanotech, Inc. 3006 Longhorn Blvd. Suite 107 Austin, TX 78758
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 339-5020 Richard Fink DTRA 08-004 Awarded: 2/17/2009
Title:	Standoff Detection of Nuclear Materials Using CNT-Based D2 Plasma Ion Source
Abstract:	Develop alternative means for stand-off detection of radiological, and specifically fissile materials through their effects on, or interactions with, the environment. Potential approaches include, but are not limited to: electrostatic, thermodynamic, fluorescent, spectroscopic, magnetic or radiological. DESCRIPTION: In DTRA�s efforts to counter nuclear and radiological threats, sources must be located, classified and identified. Traditional approaches based on the detection of primary radiation from fissile or radiological material are approaching full exploitation and theoretical gains in standoff range and sensitivity are inherently limited. Alternative technologies are sought which will have significant advantage in standoff range and sensitivity or provide significant advantages in available deployment environments or time frames. Proposals are sought to provide a capability rather than any specific technique. Some technological approaches which are potentially attractive include, but are not limited to, scintillation or fluorescence in surrounding materials, chemical analysis of surrounding materials or products of radioactivity, passive microwave, infrared or radar detection of SNM or the products of radioactivity through absorption or reflectance, laser induced fluorescence of products of radioactivity, thermal radiation signatures, or optically stimulated luminescence or thermoluminescence. Advantages of proposed work over current technologies, which can include increase in range, sensitivity, imaging, environment of use, or other clear advantage, should be outlined in proposal. PHASE I: Determination of feasibility to perform as a stand-off sensor for nuclear materials. PHASE II: Construction of a demonstration prototype. PHASE III: Dual use applications. Potential application of this technology include their use in the well-logging industry, medical imaging, and environmental monitoring. REFERENCES: 1. Knoll, G.F. �Radiation Detection and Measurement� 2nd edition (1988). 2. Tsoulfanidis, N. �Measurement and Detection of Radiation� 2nd edition (1995).

Dymas Research Incorporated 22 Pond View Dr. Plainsboro, NJ 08536
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 275-4464 Wei Hu DTRA 08-004 Awarded: 2/9/2009
Title:	Alternative Detection Approaches for Nuclear Materials
Abstract:	Develop alternative means for stand-off detection of radiological, and specifically fissile materials through their effects on, or interactions with, the environment. Potential approaches include, but are not limited to: electrostatic, thermodynamic, fluorescent, spectroscopic, magnetic or radiological. DESCRIPTION: In DTRA�s efforts to counter nuclear and radiological threats, sources must be located, classified and identified. Traditional approaches based on the detection of primary radiation from fissile or radiological material are approaching full exploitation and theoretical gains in standoff range and sensitivity are inherently limited. Alternative technologies are sought which will have significant advantage in standoff range and sensitivity or provide significant advantages in available deployment environments or time frames. Proposals are sought to provide a capability rather than any specific technique. Some technological approaches which are potentially attractive include, but are not limited to, scintillation or fluorescence in surrounding materials, chemical analysis of surrounding materials or products of radioactivity, passive microwave, infrared or radar detection of SNM or the products of radioactivity through absorption or reflectance, laser induced fluorescence of products of radioactivity, thermal radiation signatures, or optically stimulated luminescence or thermoluminescence. Advantages of proposed work over current technologies, which can include increase in range, sensitivity, imaging, environment of use, or other clear advantage, should be outlined in proposal. PHASE I: Determination of feasibility to perform as a stand-off sensor for nuclear materials. PHASE II: Construction of a demonstration prototype. PHASE III: Dual use applications. Potential application of this technology include their use in the well-logging industry, medical imaging, and environmental monitoring. REFERENCES: 1. Knoll, G.F. �Radiation Detection and Measurement� 2nd edition (1988). 2. Tsoulfanidis, N. �Measurement and Detection of Radiation� 2nd edition (1995).

Physical Optics Corporation Photonic Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Pl, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Marvin Niimura DTRA 08-004 Awarded: 1/23/2009
Title:	Range-Improving, Mid-IR Time Domain Spectroscopic Transceiver for SNM
Abstract:	Develop alternative means for stand-off detection of radiological, and specifically fissile materials through their effects on, or interactions with, the environment. Potential approaches include, but are not limited to: electrostatic, thermodynamic, fluorescent, spectroscopic, magnetic or radiological. DESCRIPTION: In DTRA�s efforts to counter nuclear and radiological threats, sources must be located, classified and identified. Traditional approaches based on the detection of primary radiation from fissile or radiological material are approaching full exploitation and theoretical gains in standoff range and sensitivity are inherently limited. Alternative technologies are sought which will have significant advantage in standoff range and sensitivity or provide significant advantages in available deployment environments or time frames. Proposals are sought to provide a capability rather than any specific technique. Some technological approaches which are potentially attractive include, but are not limited to, scintillation or fluorescence in surrounding materials, chemical analysis of surrounding materials or products of radioactivity, passive microwave, infrared or radar detection of SNM or the products of radioactivity through absorption or reflectance, laser induced fluorescence of products of radioactivity, thermal radiation signatures, or optically stimulated luminescence or thermoluminescence. Advantages of proposed work over current technologies, which can include increase in range, sensitivity, imaging, environment of use, or other clear advantage, should be outlined in proposal. PHASE I: Determination of feasibility to perform as a stand-off sensor for nuclear materials. PHASE II: Construction of a demonstration prototype. PHASE III: Dual use applications. Potential application of this technology include their use in the well-logging industry, medical imaging, and environmental monitoring. REFERENCES: 1. Knoll, G.F. �Radiation Detection and Measurement� 2nd edition (1988). 2. Tsoulfanidis, N. �Measurement and Detection of Radiation� 2nd edition (1995).

Applied Science International, LLC 3221 Wellington Court Raleigh, NC 27615
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(919) 723-9115 Hatem Tagel-Din DTRA 08-005 Awarded: 2/18/2009
Title:	High Fidelity Modeling of Building Collapse with Realistic Visualization of Resulting Damage and Debris
Abstract:	Develop a validated high fidelity physics based computational method to evaluate building performance and collapse under blast loading with the capability to show the resulting damage and debris fly-out in a realistic fashion. Key requirements for the developed method are: 1) sufficient fidelity to capture critical phenomena in building collapse and 2) an intelligent user friendly interface to allow practicing engineers to obtain accurate results faster than the current traditional high fidelity computational methods. DESCRIPTION: The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) seeks proposals for development of a high fidelity model for analysis of building collapse under blast loading. Realistic visualization of the damage and debris is an important aspect of the requirements in order to assess damage to Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) containers in a targeted building or to assess vulnerability of personnel and mission critical equipment in a protected facility. Structural collapse under blast conditions involves an initially stable structure acted upon by gravity loads, followed by the imposition of blast loads (a relatively short duration event) which induce material and structural damage. The latter in turn, may lead to global structural instabilities which can result to the collapse of the original structure. Computational modeling of collapse entails three dimensional (3D) geometry, non-linear material and geometry, and highly dynamic events such as material breakup and ejection. In the past several decades the Finite Element Method (FEM) has been used successfully to model complex dynamic events including building collapse. FEM formulations have incorporated implicit, explicit or hybrid integration techniques to accurately model various phenomena in building collapse. To capture the results for visual presentations the FEM models typically run over the entire collapse event which may take several weeks to months of computer run time. Sophisticated mathematical formulations have been developed for more efficient computations and for fracture and breakup of materials. However, their proper implementation requires a highly educated and experienced scientist or engineer. Often times the results generated by the FEM model differ depending on the experience of the user with the FEM model of interest. The extensive computation time and high level of expertise required to use existing FEM models for building collapse are barriers to wide use of the technology. To overcome these barriers an innovative computational method is sought that a practicing engineer can install on a single or dual processor personal computer and use it to model a collapse event within a couple of days of computer run-time. The ideal methodology should combine robust and time proven FEM formulations with more efficient integration methods and algorithms to keep track of material break up, flight and contact. To reduce the level

Weidlinger Associates, Inc. 375 Hudson St FL 12 New York, NY 10014
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 230-0331 David Vaughan DTRA 08-005 Awarded: 2/5/2009
Title:	High Fidelity Modeling of Building Collapse with Realistic Visualization of Resulting Damage and Debris
Abstract:	Develop a validated high fidelity physics based computational method to evaluate building performance and collapse under blast loading with the capability to show the resulting damage and debris fly-out in a realistic fashion. Key requirements for the developed method are: 1) sufficient fidelity to capture critical phenomena in building collapse and 2) an intelligent user friendly interface to allow practicing engineers to obtain accurate results faster than the current traditional high fidelity computational methods. DESCRIPTION: The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) seeks proposals for development of a high fidelity model for analysis of building collapse under blast loading. Realistic visualization of the damage and debris is an important aspect of the requirements in order to assess damage to Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) containers in a targeted building or to assess vulnerability of personnel and mission critical equipment in a protected facility. Structural collapse under blast conditions involves an initially stable structure acted upon by gravity loads, followed by the imposition of blast loads (a relatively short duration event) which induce material and structural damage. The latter in turn, may lead to global structural instabilities which can result to the collapse of the original structure. Computational modeling of collapse entails three dimensional (3D) geometry, non-linear material and geometry, and highly dynamic events such as material breakup and ejection. In the past several decades the Finite Element Method (FEM) has been used successfully to model complex dynamic events including building collapse. FEM formulations have incorporated implicit, explicit or hybrid integration techniques to accurately model various phenomena in building collapse. To capture the results for visual presentations the FEM models typically run over the entire collapse event which may take several weeks to months of computer run time. Sophisticated mathematical formulations have been developed for more efficient computations and for fracture and breakup of materials. However, their proper implementation requires a highly educated and experienced scientist or engineer. Often times the results generated by the FEM model differ depending on the experience of the user with the FEM model of interest. The extensive computation time and high level of expertise required to use existing FEM models for building collapse are barriers to wide use of the technology. To overcome these barriers an innovative computational method is sought that a practicing engineer can install on a single or dual processor personal computer and use it to model a collapse event within a couple of days of computer run-time. The ideal methodology should combine robust and time proven FEM formulations with more efficient integration methods and algorithms to keep track of material break up, flight and contact. To reduce the level

LightSpin Technologies, Inc. 4407 Elm Street, Suite 300 Chevy Chase, MD 20824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 809-9052 Eric S. Harmon DTRA 08-007 Awarded: 2/9/2009
Title:	Very Low Cost Photomultiplier Chip for Disposable Gamma Spectrometer
Abstract:	We seek proposals to develop, design and build inexpensive radiation detectors capable of crude gamma spectroscopy. Ideally these detectors will be simple and inexpensive enough to be deployed in large numbers and essentially disposable. DESCRIPTION: In DTRA�s efforts to prevent the spread of Special Nuclear Material (SNM), gamma spectroscopy plays a key role in locating, identifying and imaging potential threats. Current research efforts are predominately aimed at materials having better energy resolution (e.g. CZT, LaBr3) or greater efficiency (e.g. BiI3) than currently deployed detectors as these parameters are generally perceived as having better capability. These new materials are very expensive to grow and are available in limited quantities. In our mission to interdict SNM, a potential strategy under consideration is to deploy many (sometimes up to thousands) small, unobtrusive detectors in remote areas such as smuggling routes where persistent surveillance would be difficult for personnel. Clearly, the deployment of expensive detectors would prove prohibitively costly in great quantities so DTRA is looking for proposals to make small, robust, inexpensive gamma spectrometers that would fit this need. In order to function to as a gamma spectrometer, photopeak efficiency would need to be moderately high in the energy range up to 1 MeV (for reference NaI(Tl) intrinsic efficiency is ~20% for a 1 cm thick sample). Cost and robustness are also key parameters as these detectors are expected to be essentially disposable and deployed in quantity by air, sea and ground vehicles. While not unimportant we would consider energy resolution secondary. Proposals are sought to provide a capability rather than any specific technique. Among the possible solutions are new materials, as are novel methods of growing existing materials and inexpensive electronic solutions that can increase the capability of existing materials. PHASE I: Determination of feasibility to perform as a radiation detector and perform gamma spectroscopy. PHASE II: Construction of a demonstration prototype. PHASE III DUAL USE APPLICATIONS:

Nanoptics, Inc. 3014 NE 21st Way Gainesville, FL 32609
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(352) 378-6620 James K. Walker DTRA 08-007 Awarded: 5/4/2009
Title:	Inexpensive, disposable radiation detectors
Abstract:	We seek proposals to develop, design and build inexpensive radiation detectors capable of crude gamma spectroscopy. Ideally these detectors will be simple and inexpensive enough to be deployed in large numbers and essentially disposable. DESCRIPTION: In DTRA�s efforts to prevent the spread of Special Nuclear Material (SNM), gamma spectroscopy plays a key role in locating, identifying and imaging potential threats. Current research efforts are predominately aimed at materials having better energy resolution (e.g. CZT, LaBr3) or greater efficiency (e.g. BiI3) than currently deployed detectors as these parameters are generally perceived as having better capability. These new materials are very expensive to grow and are available in limited quantities. In our mission to interdict SNM, a potential strategy under consideration is to deploy many (sometimes up to thousands) small, unobtrusive detectors in remote areas such as smuggling routes where persistent surveillance would be difficult for personnel. Clearly, the deployment of expensive detectors would prove prohibitively costly in great quantities so DTRA is looking for proposals to make small, robust, inexpensive gamma spectrometers that would fit this need. In order to function to as a gamma spectrometer, photopeak efficiency would need to be moderately high in the energy range up to 1 MeV (for reference NaI(Tl) intrinsic efficiency is ~20% for a 1 cm thick sample). Cost and robustness are also key parameters as these detectors are expected to be essentially disposable and deployed in quantity by air, sea and ground vehicles. While not unimportant we would consider energy resolution secondary. Proposals are sought to provide a capability rather than any specific technique. Among the possible solutions are new materials, as are novel methods of growing existing materials and inexpensive electronic solutions that can increase the capability of existing materials. PHASE I: Determination of feasibility to perform as a radiation detector and perform gamma spectroscopy. PHASE II: Construction of a demonstration prototype. PHASE III DUAL USE APPLICATIONS:

NovaWave Technologies 900 Island Drive Redwood City, CA 94065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 610-0956 Stephen Fuerstenau DTRA 08-007 Awarded: 2/3/2009
Title:	Low cost fieldable gamma-ray spectrometer
Abstract:	We seek proposals to develop, design and build inexpensive radiation detectors capable of crude gamma spectroscopy. Ideally these detectors will be simple and inexpensive enough to be deployed in large numbers and essentially disposable. DESCRIPTION: In DTRA�s efforts to prevent the spread of Special Nuclear Material (SNM), gamma spectroscopy plays a key role in locating, identifying and imaging potential threats. Current research efforts are predominately aimed at materials having better energy resolution (e.g. CZT, LaBr3) or greater efficiency (e.g. BiI3) than currently deployed detectors as these parameters are generally perceived as having better capability. These new materials are very expensive to grow and are available in limited quantities. In our mission to interdict SNM, a potential strategy under consideration is to deploy many (sometimes up to thousands) small, unobtrusive detectors in remote areas such as smuggling routes where persistent surveillance would be difficult for personnel. Clearly, the deployment of expensive detectors would prove prohibitively costly in great quantities so DTRA is looking for proposals to make small, robust, inexpensive gamma spectrometers that would fit this need. In order to function to as a gamma spectrometer, photopeak efficiency would need to be moderately high in the energy range up to 1 MeV (for reference NaI(Tl) intrinsic efficiency is ~20% for a 1 cm thick sample). Cost and robustness are also key parameters as these detectors are expected to be essentially disposable and deployed in quantity by air, sea and ground vehicles. While not unimportant we would consider energy resolution secondary. Proposals are sought to provide a capability rather than any specific technique. Among the possible solutions are new materials, as are novel methods of growing existing materials and inexpensive electronic solutions that can increase the capability of existing materials. PHASE I: Determination of feasibility to perform as a radiation detector and perform gamma spectroscopy. PHASE II: Construction of a demonstration prototype. PHASE III DUAL USE APPLICATIONS:

Radiation Monitoring Devices, Inc. 44 Hunt Street Watertown, MA 02472
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 668-6800 Vivek Nagarkar DTRA 08-007 Awarded: 1/29/2009
Title:	A Novel Cost Effective Method for Growing High Performance Radiation Sensors
Abstract:	We seek proposals to develop, design and build inexpensive radiation detectors capable of crude gamma spectroscopy. Ideally these detectors will be simple and inexpensive enough to be deployed in large numbers and essentially disposable. DESCRIPTION: In DTRA�s efforts to prevent the spread of Special Nuclear Material (SNM), gamma spectroscopy plays a key role in locating, identifying and imaging potential threats. Current research efforts are predominately aimed at materials having better energy resolution (e.g. CZT, LaBr3) or greater efficiency (e.g. BiI3) than currently deployed detectors as these parameters are generally perceived as having better capability. These new materials are very expensive to grow and are available in limited quantities. In our mission to interdict SNM, a potential strategy under consideration is to deploy many (sometimes up to thousands) small, unobtrusive detectors in remote areas such as smuggling routes where persistent surveillance would be difficult for personnel. Clearly, the deployment of expensive detectors would prove prohibitively costly in great quantities so DTRA is looking for proposals to make small, robust, inexpensive gamma spectrometers that would fit this need. In order to function to as a gamma spectrometer, photopeak efficiency would need to be moderately high in the energy range up to 1 MeV (for reference NaI(Tl) intrinsic efficiency is ~20% for a 1 cm thick sample). Cost and robustness are also key parameters as these detectors are expected to be essentially disposable and deployed in quantity by air, sea and ground vehicles. While not unimportant we would consider energy resolution secondary. Proposals are sought to provide a capability rather than any specific technique. Among the possible solutions are new materials, as are novel methods of growing existing materials and inexpensive electronic solutions that can increase the capability of existing materials. PHASE I: Determination of feasibility to perform as a radiation detector and perform gamma spectroscopy. PHASE II: Construction of a demonstration prototype. PHASE III DUAL USE APPLICATIONS:

UES, Inc. 4401 Dayton-Xenia Road Dayton, OH 45432
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 426-6900 Melanie Tomczak DTRA 08-011 Awarded: 4/1/2009
Title:	Autonomous Airborne Chemical/Biological Cloud Detection Sensor
Abstract:	OBJECTIVE: Develop a small, low power and accurate sensor for in-situ detection of chemical and biological clouds by measuring one or more constituents of the cloud, such as the size and concentration of the particulates or other identifiable constituents as the UAV passes through the cloud. DESCRIPTION: Autonomous vehicles such as UAV and unmanned helicopters are being developed for in-situ detection and analysis of clouds generated from explosion of suspicious targets with possible chemical or biological agents present. There is a need for a small, light and low power sensor that would detect the cloud boundaries at the UAV enters and leaves the dust cloud and to measure the concentration of one or more identifiable constituents as the UAV passes through the cloud. The data generated by the proposed sensor should be available to the UAV in less than 1 ms with the data update rated of 100 Hz. The sensor is required to be rugged, reliable and have a concentration dynamic range in excess of 105. PHASE I: Fabricate a proof-of-concept prototype and perform laboratory and field tests to demonstrate the performance characteristics such as dynamic range, accuracy and frequency response of the sensor. PHASE II: Fabricate six sensor systems for integration into UAV and perform field tests. PHASE III DUAL USE APPLICATIONS: The proposed sensors may be used as remote and autonomous sensors for environmental studies and for the monitoring of pollution clouds downwind from chimneys.